[Senate Document 116-1]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



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    116th Congress, 2nd Session -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  Senate Document 116-1

            ____________________________________________________________

                                    SENATE MANUAL

                                   containing the

            STANDING RULES, ORDERS, LAWS, AND RESOLUTIONS AFFECTING THE 
                                      BUSINESS

                                       of the

                                UNITED STATES SENATE

                             declaration of independence

                              articles of confederation

                                  ordinance of 1787

                                       and the

                          constitution of the united states

                        Committee on Rules and Administration

                                 Chairman, Roy Blunt

                                United States Senate

                           One Hundred Sixteenth Congress

                          U.S. Government Publishing Office

                                  Washington : 2020

             Available via the World Wide Web: www.gpo.gov/senatemanual

              __________________________________________________________

            For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government 
                                  Publishing Office

                              Washington, DC 20402-0001
                              
                              
                              

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                        COMMITTEE ON RULES AND ADMINISTRATION

                            ROY BLUNT, Missouri, Chairman

            MITCH McCONNELL, Kentucky      AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota
            LAMAR ALEXANDER, Tennessee     DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California
            PAT ROBERTS, Kansas            CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York
            RICHARD SHELBY, Alabama        RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois
            TED CRUZ, Texas                TOM UDALL, New Mexico
            SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West     MARK R. WARNER, Virginia
                Virginia                   PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont
            ROGER WICKER, Mississippi      ANGUS S. KING, JR., Maine
            DEB FISCHER, Nebraska          CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, 
                                               Nevada

                          Fitzhugh Elder IV, Staff Director

              Lindsey Kerr, Democratic Staff Director and Chief Counsel

                            Jackie Barber, Chief Counsel

                                       ______

                       Printed pursuant to 44 U.S.C. Sec. 720.



            The Committee would like to acknowledge and thank the staff 
               of the Senate Historical Office and the Congressional 
               Research Service of the Library of Congress for their 
                significant assistance in compiling and editing this 
                                      document.

                                        (II)




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                                  TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                Senate Manual Section


            Rules, Laws, Procedures:
                    Standing Rules of the Senate............     1
                    Nonstatutory Standing Orders not 
                        embraced in the Rules, and 
                        Resolutions Affecting the Business 
                        of the Senate.......................    60
                    United States Senate Chamber and Gallery 
                        Regulations.........................   150
                    Rules for Impeachment Trials............   170
                    Cleaves' Manual of the Law and Practice 
                        in Regard to Conferences and 
                        Conference Reports..................   200
                    Select Legislative Procedures Enacted in 
                        Law Applying to the United States 
                        Senate..............................   270
            Historical Documents:
                    Declaration of Independence.............  1700
                    Articles of Confederation...............  1701
                    Ordinance of 1787.......................  1702
                    Constitution of the United States.......  1710
                            Amendments........................1720
            Statistical Data:
                    Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate 
                        (1st-116th Cong.)...................  1800
                    Deputy Presidents Pro Tempore of the 
                        Senate..............................  1801
                    Permanent Acting President Pro Tempore 
                        of the Senate (88th-95th Cong.).....  1802
                    Presidents Pro Tempore Emeritus of the 
                        Senate (107th-116th Cong.)..........  1803
                    Senators of the United States (1st-116th 
                        Cong.)..............................  1804
                    Alphabetical Listing of Senators of the 
                        United States.......................  1905
                    Electoral Votes, President and Vice 
                        President (1789-2017)...............  1906
                    Supreme Court Justices (1789-2020)......  1970
                    Cabinet Officers (1789-2019)............  1971
                    Ratification of the Constitution by the 
                        Thirteen Original States............  1990
                    States Admitted into the Union Since the 
                        Adoption of the Constitution........  1991
                    The District of Columbia................  1992
                    The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the 
                        Insular Possessions, and Trust 
                        Territory of the Pacific Islands....  1993
                    Apportionments of Representatives.......  1994
            General Index...................................  2000

                                   (iii)



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            ===========================================================_

                               RULES, LAWS, PROCEDURES

            ===========================================================_


                                           
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                            STANDING RULES OF THE SENATE

                                                                  Senate 
                                                                  Manual 
                                                                  Section
                        Rule
                    I.  Appointment of a Senator to the Chair.....     1
                   II.  Presentation of credentials and questions 
                            of privilege..........................     2
                  III.  Oaths.....................................     3
                   IV.  Commencement of daily sessions............     4
                    V.  Suspension and amendment of the rules.....     5
                   VI.  Quorum--absent Senators may be sent for...     6
                  VII.  Morning business..........................     7
                 VIII.  Order of business.........................     8
                   IX.  Messages..................................     9
                    X.  Special orders............................    10
                   XI.  Papers--withdrawal, printing, reading of, 
                            and reference.........................    11
                  XII.  Voting procedure..........................    12
                 XIII.  Reconsideration...........................    13
                  XIV.  Bills, joint resolutions, resolutions, and 
                            preambles thereto.....................    14
                   XV.  Amendments and motions....................    15
                  XVI.  Appropriations and amendments to general 
                            appropriations bills..................    16
                 XVII.  Reference to committees; motions to 
                            discharge; reports of committees; and 
                            hearings available....................    17
                XVIII.  Business continued from session to session    18
                  XIX.  Debate....................................    19
                   XX.  Questions of order........................    20
                  XXI.  Session with closed doors.................    21
                 XXII.  Precedence of motions.....................    22
                XXIII.  Privilege of the floor....................    23
                 XXIV.  Appointment of committees.................    24
                  XXV.  Standing committees.......................    25
                          Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry....  25.1a

                          Appropriations..........................  25.1b

                          Armed Services..........................  25.1c

                          Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.....  25.1d

                          Budget..................................  25.1e

                          Commerce, Science, and Transportation...  25.1f

                          Energy and Natural Resources............  25.1g

                          Environment and Public Works............  25.1h

                          Finance.................................  25.1i

                          Foreign Relations.......................  25.1j

                          Governmental Affairs....................  25.1k

                          Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions..  25.1l

                          Judiciary...............................  25.1m

                          Rules and Administration................  25.1n

                          Small Business and Entrepreneurship.....  25.1o

                          Veterans' Affairs.......................  25.1p

                          Committee membership....................  25.2-
                                                                    25.3c


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                                                                  Senate 
                                                                  Manual 
                                                                  Section
                        Rule
                          Limitations and exceptions with respect 
                            to committee membership...............  25.4
                 XXVI.  Committee procedure.......................    26
                XXVII.  Committee staff...........................    27
               XXVIII.  Conference committees; reports; open 
                            meetings..............................    28
                 XXIX.  Executive sessions........................    29
                  XXX.  Executive session--proceedings on treaties    30
                 XXXI.  Executive session--proceedings on 
                            nominations...........................    31
                XXXII.  The President furnished with copies of 
                            records of executive sessions.........    32
               XXXIII.  Senate Chamber--Senate wing of the Capitol    33
                XXXIV.  Public financial disclosure...............    34
                 XXXV.  Gifts.....................................    35
                XXXVI.  Outside earned income.....................    36
               XXXVII.  Conflict of interest......................    37
              XXXVIII.  Prohibition of unofficial office accounts.    38
                XXXIX.  Foreign travel............................    39
                   XL.  Franking privilege and radio and 
                            television studios....................    40
                  XLI.  Political fund activity; definitions......    41
                 XLII.  Employment practices......................    42
                XLIII.  Representation by Members.................    43
                 XLIV.  Congressionally directed spending and 
                            related items.........................    44

                                     (viii)




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            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                            STANDING RULES OF THE SENATE

            ------------------------------------------------------------

            [The 1979 general revision of the rules was accomplished by 
                the adoption of S. Res. 274 on Nov. 14, 1979, a 
                resolution submitted by Mr. Robert C. Byrd for himself 
                and Mr. Baker; the preparation of the proposed revision 
                was pursuant to the adoption of S. Res. 156 on May 10, 
                1976, a resolution by Mr. Robert C. Byrd; the general 
                revision of the rules set forth in S. Res. 274 was 
                somewhat altered in form by the adoption of S. Res. 389 
                on Mar. 25, 1980, to consolidate and renumber certain 
                standing rules of the Senate.

            [Changes to Senate rules since the last general revision in 
                1979 are indicated by footnotes in each succeeding 
                edition of the Senate Manual.

            [For the origin of various changes in Senate procedure 
                between 1884 and 1979, as set forth in rules changes, 
                adopted resolutions, and Legislative Reorganization 
                Acts, see the table on p. XVI of Riddick's Senate 
                Procedure, 1992.]

                                     --------

         1                             RULE I

                        APPOINTMENT OF A SENATOR TO THE CHAIR

       1.1      1. In the absence of the Vice President, the Senate 
            shall choose a President pro tempore, who shall hold the 
            office and execute the duties thereof during the pleasure of 
            the Senate and until another is elected or his term of 
            office as a Senator expires.
       1.2      2. In the absence of the Vice President, and pending the 
            election of a President pro tempore, the Acting President 
            pro tempore or the Secretary of the Senate, or in his 
            absence the Assistant Secretary, shall perform the duties of 
            the Chair.
       1.3      3. The President pro tempore shall have the right to 
            name in open Senate or, if absent, in writing, a Senator to 
            perform the duties of the Chair, including the signing of 
            duly enrolled bills and joint resolutions but such 
            substitution shall not extend beyond an adjournment, except 
            by unanimous consent; and the Senator so named shall have 
            the right to name in open session, or, if absent, in 
            writing, a Senator to perform the duties of the Chair, but 
            not to
            

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            extend beyond an adjournment, except by unanimous consent.

         2                             RULE II

               PRESENTATION OF CREDENTIALS AND QUESTIONS OF PRIVILEGE

       2.1      1. The presentation of the credentials of Senators elect 
            or of Senators designate and other questions of privilege 
            shall always be in order, except during the reading and 
            correction of the Journal, while a question of order or a 
            motion to adjourn is pending, or while the Senate is voting 
            or ascertaining the presence of a quorum; and all questions 
            and motions arising or made upon the presentation of such 
            credentials shall be proceeded with until disposed of.
       2.2      2. The Secretary shall keep a record of the certificates 
            of election and certificates of appointment of Senators by 
            entering in a well-bound book kept for that purpose the date 
            of the election or appointment, the name of the person 
            elected or appointed, the date of the certificate, the name 
            of the governor and the secretary of state signing and 
            counter-signing the same, and the State from which such 
            Senator is elected or appointed.
       2.3      3. The Secretary of the Senate shall send copies of the 
            following recommended forms to the governor and secretary of 
            state of each State wherein an election is about to take 
            place or an appointment is to be made so that they may use 
            such forms if they see fit.
            
            THE RECOMMENDED FORMS FOR CERTIFICATES OF ELECTION AND 
                CERTIFICATE OF APPOINTMENT ARE AS FOLLOWS: \1\

                     ``CERTIFICATE OF ELECTION FOR SIX-YEAR TERM

            ``To the President of the Senate of the United States:
                ``This is to certify that on the -- day of --, 20--, A--
            -- B---- was duly chosen by the qualified electors of the 
            State of ---- a Senator from said State to represent said 
            State in the Senate of the United States for the term of six 
            years, beginning on the 3d day of January, 20--.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \1\ Certificate year designations were changed from 19-- 
            to 20-- by S. Res. 99, 106-2, Apr. 27, 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                ``Witness: His excellency our governor ----, and our 
            seal hereto affixed at ---- this -- day of --, in the year 
            of our Lord 20--.

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                ``By the governor:
                                              ``C---- D----,
                                                         ``Governor.
                ``E---- F----,
                  ``Secretary of State.''

                    ``CERTIFICATE OF ELECTION FOR UNEXPIRED TERM

            ``To the President of the Senate of the United States:
                ``This is to certify that on the -- day of ----, 20--,
            A---- B---- was duly chosen by the qualified electors of the 
            State of ---- a Senator for the unexpired term ending at 
            noon on the 3d day of January, 20--, to fill the vacancy in 
            the representation from said State in the Senate of the 
            United States caused by the -- of C---- D----.
                ``Witness: His excellency our governor ----, and our 
            seal hereto affixed at ---- this -- day of --, in the year 
            of our Lord 20--.
                ``By the governor:
                                              ``E---- F----,
                                                         ``Governor.
                ``G---- H----,
                  ``Secretary of State.''

                            ``CERTIFICATE OF APPOINTMENT

            ``To the President of the Senate of the United States:
                ``This is to certify that, pursuant to the power vested 
            in me by the Constitution of the United States and the laws 
            of the State of ----, I, A---- B----, the governor of said 
            State, do hereby appoint C---- D---- a Senator from said 
            State to represent said State in the Senate of the United 
            States until the vacancy therein caused by the ---- of E---- 
            F----, is filled by election as provided by law.
                ``Witness: His excellency our governor ----, and our 
            seal hereto affixed at ---- this -- day of --, in the year 
            of our Lord 20--.
                ``By the governor:
                                              ``G---- H----,
                                                         ``Governor.
                ``I---- J----,
                  ``Secretary of State.''

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         3                            RULE III

                                        OATHS

                The oaths or affirmations required by the Constitution 
            and prescribed by law shall be taken and subscribed by each 
            Senator, in open Senate, before entering upon his duties.

            OATH REQUIRED BY THE CONSTITUTION AND BY LAW TO BE TAKEN BY 
                                      SENATORS

                ``I, A---- B---- do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I 
            will support and defend the Constitution of the United 
            States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I 
            will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take 
            this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or 
            purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully 
            discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to 
            enter: So help me God.'' (5 U.S.C. 3331.)

         4                             RULE IV

                           COMMENCEMENT OF DAILY SESSIONS

      4.1a      1. (a) \2\ The Presiding Officer having taken the chair, 
            following the prayer by the Chaplain, and after the 
            Presiding Officer, or a Senator designated by the Presiding 
            Officer, leads the Senate from the dais in reciting the 
            Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States, and a 
            Quorum being present, the Journal of the preceding day shall 
            be read unless by nondebatable motion the reading shall be 
            waived, the question being, ``Shall the Journal stand 
            approved to date?'', and any mistake made in the entries 
            corrected. Except as provided in subparagraph (b) the 
            reading of the Journal shall not be suspended unless by 
            unanimous consent; and when any motion shall be made to 
            amend or correct the same, it shall be deemed a privileged 
            question, and proceeded with until disposed of.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \2\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986; S. 
            Res. 113, 106-1, June 23, 1999.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

      4.1b      (b) Whenever the Senate is proceeding under paragraph 2 
            of rule XXII, the reading of the Journal shall be dispensed 
            with and shall be considered approved to date.
      4.1c      (c) The proceedings of the Senate shall be briefly and 
            accurately stated on the Journal. Messages of the President 
            in full; titles of bills and resolutions, and such parts as 
            shall be affected by proposed amendments; every vote, and

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            a brief statement of the contents of each petition, 
            memorial, or paper presented to the Senate, shall be 
            entered.
      4.1d      (d) The legislative, the executive, the confidential 
            legislative proceedings, and the proceedings when sitting as 
            a Court of Impeachment, shall each be recorded in a separate 
            book.
       4.2      2. During a session of the Senate when that body is in 
            continuous session, the Presiding Officer shall temporarily 
            suspend the business of the Senate at noon each day for the 
            purpose of having the customary daily prayer by the 
            Chaplain.

         5                             RULE V

                        SUSPENSION AND AMENDMENT OF THE RULES

       5.1      1. No motion to suspend, modify, or amend any rule, or 
            any part thereof, shall be in order, except on one day's 
            notice in writing, specifying precisely the rule or part 
            proposed to be suspended, modified, or amended, and the 
            purpose thereof. Any rule may be suspended without notice by 
            the unanimous consent of the Senate, except as otherwise 
            provided by the rules.
       5.2      2. The rules of the Senate shall continue from one 
            Congress to the next Congress unless they are changed as 
            provided in these rules.

         6                             RULE VI

                       QUORUM--ABSENT SENATORS MAY BE SENT FOR

       6.1      1. A quorum shall consist of a majority of the Senators 
            duly chosen and sworn.
       6.2      2. No Senator shall absent himself from the service of 
            the Senate without leave.
       6.3      3. If, at any time during the daily sessions of the 
            Senate, a question shall be raised by any Senator as to the 
            presence of a quorum, the Presiding Officer shall forthwith 
            direct the Secretary to call the roll and shall announce the 
            result, and these proceedings shall be without debate.
       6.4      4. Whenever upon such roll call it shall be ascertained 
            that a quorum is not present, a majority of the Senators 
            present may direct the Sergeant at Arms to request, and, 
            when necessary, to compel the attendance of the absent 
            Senators, which order shall be determined without debate; 
            and pending its execution, and until a quorum shall be 
            present, no debate nor motion, except to adjourn, or to re

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            cess pursuant to a previous order entered by unanimous 
            consent, shall be in order.

         7                            RULE VII

                                  MORNING BUSINESS

       7.1      1. On each legislative day after the Journal is read, 
            the Presiding Officer on demand of any Senator shall lay 
            before the Senate messages from the President, reports and 
            communications from the heads of Departments, and other 
            communications addressed to the Senate, and such bills, 
            joint resolutions, and other messages from the House of 
            Representatives as may remain upon his table from any 
            previous day's session undisposed of. The Presiding Officer 
            on demand of any Senator shall then call for, in the 
            following order:
                        The presentation of petitions and memorials.
                        Reports of committees.
                        The introduction of bills and joint resolutions.

                        The submission of other resolutions.
            All of which shall be received and disposed of in such 
            order, unless unanimous consent shall be otherwise given, 
            with newly offered resolutions being called for before 
            resolutions coming over from a previous legislative day are 
            laid before the Senate.

       7.2      2. Until the morning business shall have been concluded, 
            and so announced from the Chair, or until one hour after the 
            Senate convenes at the beginning of a new legislative day, 
            no motion to proceed to the consideration of any bill, 
            resolution, report of a committee, or other subject upon the 
            Calendar shall be entertained by the Presiding Officer, 
            unless by unanimous consent: Provided, however, That on 
            Mondays which are the beginning of a legislative day the 
            Calendar shall be called under rule VIII, and until two 
            hours after the Senate convenes no motion shall be 
            entertained to proceed to the consideration of any bill, 
            resolution, or other subject upon the Calendar except the 
            motion to continue the consideration of a bill, resolution, 
            or other subject against objection as provided in rule VIII, 
            or until the call of the Calendar has been completed.
       7.3      3. The Presiding Officer may at any time lay, and it 
            shall be in order at any time for a Senator to move to lay, 
            before the Senate, any bill or other matter sent to the 
            Senate by the President or the House of Representatives for 
            appropriate action allowed under the rules and any question

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            pending at that time shall be suspended for this purpose. 
            Any motion so made shall be determined without debate.
       7.4      4. Petitions or memorials shall be referred, without 
            debate, to the appropriate committee according to subject 
            matter on the same basis as bills and resolutions, if signed 
            by the petitioner or memorialist. A question of receiving or 
            reference may be raised and determined without debate. But 
            no petition or memorial or other paper signed by citizens or 
            subjects of a foreign power shall be received, unless the 
            same be transmitted to the Senate by the President.
       7.5      5. Only a brief statement of the contents of petitions 
            and memorials shall be printed in the Congressional Record; 
            and no other portion of any petition or memorial shall be 
            printed in the Record unless specifically so ordered by vote 
            of the Senate, as provided for in paragraph 4 of rule XI, in 
            which case the order shall be deemed to apply to the body of 
            the petition or memorial only; and names attached to the 
            petition or memorial shall not be printed unless specially 
            ordered, except that petitions and memorials from the 
            legislatures or conventions, lawfully called, of the 
            respective States, Territories, and insular possessions 
            shall be printed in full in the Record whenever presented.
       7.6      6. Senators having petitions, memorials, bills, or 
            resolutions to present after the morning hour may deliver 
            them in the absence of objection to the Presiding Officer's 
            desk, endorsing upon them their names, and with the approval 
            of the Presiding Officer, they shall be entered on the 
            Journal with the names of the Senators presenting them and 
            in the absence of objection shall be considered as having 
            been read twice and referred to the appropriate committees, 
            and a transcript of such entries shall be furnished to the 
            official reporter of debates for publication in the 
            Congressional Record, under the direction of the Secretary 
            of the Senate.

         8                            RULE VIII

                                  ORDER OF BUSINESS

       8.1      1. At the conclusion of the morning business at the 
            beginning of a new legislative day, unless upon motion the 
            Senate shall at any time otherwise order, the Senate shall 
            proceed to the consideration of the Calendar of Bills and 
            Resolutions, and shall continue such consideration until 2 
            hours after the Senate convenes on such day (the end of the 
            morning hour); and bills and resolutions that are not ob

[[Page 8]]

            jected to shall be taken up in their order, and each Senator 
            shall be entitled to speak once and for five minutes only 
            upon any question; and an objection may be interposed at any 
            stage of the proceedings, but upon motion the Senate may 
            continue such consideration; and this order shall commence 
            immediately after the call for ``other resolutions'', or 
            after disposition of resolutions coming ``over under the 
            rule'', and shall take precedence of the unfinished business 
            and other special orders. But if the Senate shall proceed on 
            motion with the consideration of any matter notwithstanding 
            an objection, the foregoing provisions touching debate shall 
            not apply.
       8.2      2. All motions made during the first two hours of a new 
            legislative day to proceed to the consideration of any 
            matter shall be determined without debate, except motions to 
            proceed to the consideration of any motion, resolution, or 
            proposal to change any of the Standing Rules of the Senate 
            shall be debatable. Motions made after the first two hours 
            of a new legislative day to proceed to the consideration of 
            bills and resolutions are debatable.

         9                             RULE IX

                                      MESSAGES

       9.1      1. Messages from the President of the United States or 
            from the House of Representatives may be received at any 
            stage of proceedings, except while the Senate is voting or 
            ascertaining the presence of a quorum, or while the Journal 
            is being read, or while a question of order or a motion to 
            adjourn is pending.
       9.2      2. Messages shall be sent to the House of 
            Representatives by the Secretary, who shall previously 
            certify the determination of the Senate upon all bills, 
            joint resolutions, and other resolutions which may be 
            communicated to the House, or in which its concurrence may 
            be requested; and the Secretary shall also certify and 
            deliver to the President of the United States all 
            resolutions and other communications which may be directed 
            to him by the Senate.

        10                             RULE X

                                   SPECIAL ORDERS

      10.1      1. Any subject may, by a vote of two-thirds of the 
            Senators present, be made a special order of business for 
            consideration and when the time so fixed for its 
            consideration

[[Page 9]]

            arrives the Presiding Officer shall lay it before the 
            Senate, unless there be unfinished business in which case it 
            takes its place on the Calendar of Special Orders in the 
            order of time at which it was made special, to be considered 
            in that order when there is no unfinished business.
      10.2      2. All motions to change such order, or to proceed to 
            the consideration of other business, shall be decided 
            without debate.

        11                             RULE XI

               PAPERS--WITHDRAWAL, PRINTING, READING OF, AND REFERENCE

      11.1      1. No memorial or other paper presented to the Senate, 
            except original treaties finally acted upon, shall be 
            withdrawn from its files except by order of the Senate.
      11.2      2. The Secretary of the Senate shall obtain at the close 
            of each Congress all the noncurrent records of the Senate 
            and of each Senate committee and transfer them to the 
            General Services Administration for preservation, subject to 
            the orders of the Senate.
      11.3      3. When the reading of a paper is called for, and 
            objected to, it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate, 
            without debate.
      11.4      4. Every motion or resolution to print documents, 
            reports, and other matter transmitted by the executive 
            departments, or to print memorials, petitions, accompanying 
            documents, or any other paper, except bills of the Senate or 
            House of Representatives, resolutions submitted by a 
            Senator, communications from the legislatures or 
            conventions, lawfully called, of the respective States, 
            shall, unless the Senate otherwise order, be referred to the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration. When a motion is made 
            to commit with instructions, it shall be in order to add 
            thereto a motion to print.
      11.5      5. Motions or resolutions to print additional numbers 
            shall also be referred to the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration; and when the committee shall report 
            favorably, the report shall be accompanied by an estimate of 
            the probable cost thereof; and when the cost of printing 
            such additional numbers shall exceed the sum established by 
            law, the concurrence of the House of Representatives shall 
            be necessary for an order to print the same.
      11.6      6. Every bill and joint resolution introduced or 
            reported from a committee, and all bills and joint 
            resolutions re

[[Page 10]]

            ceived from the House of Representatives, and all reports of 
            committees, shall be printed, unless, for the dispatch of 
            the business of the Senate, such printing may be dispensed 
            with.

        12                            RULE XII

                                  VOTING PROCEDURE

      12.1      1. When the yeas and nays are ordered, the names of 
            Senators shall be called alphabetically; and each Senator 
            shall, without debate, declare his assent or dissent to the 
            question, unless excused by the Senate; and no Senator shall 
            be permitted to vote after the decision shall have been 
            announced by the Presiding Officer, but may for sufficient 
            reasons, with unanimous consent, change or withdraw his 
            vote. No motion to suspend this rule shall be in order, nor 
            shall the Presiding Officer entertain any request to suspend 
            it by unanimous consent.
      12.2      2. When a Senator declines to vote on call of his name, 
            he shall be required to assign his reasons therefor, and 
            having assigned them, the Presiding Officer shall submit the 
            question to the Senate: ``Shall the Senator for the reasons 
            assigned by him, be excused from voting?'' which shall be 
            decided without debate; and these proceedings shall be had 
            after the rollcall and before the result is announced; and 
            any further proceedings in reference thereto shall be after 
            such announcement.
      12.3      3. A Member, notwithstanding any other provisions of 
            this rule, may decline to vote, in committee or on the 
            floor, on any matter when he believes that his voting on 
            such a matter would be a conflict of interest.
      12.4      4. No request by a Senator for unanimous consent for the 
            taking of a final vote on a specified date upon the passage 
            of a bill or joint resolution shall be submitted to the 
            Senate for agreement thereto until after a quorum call 
            ordered for the purpose by the Presiding Officer, it shall 
            be disclosed that a quorum of the Senate is present; and 
            when a unanimous consent is thus given the same shall 
            operate as the order of the Senate, but any unanimous 
            consent may be revoked by another unanimous consent granted 
            in the manner prescribed above upon one day's notice.


[[Page 11]]

        13                            RULE XIII

                                   RECONSIDERATION

      13.1      1. When a question has been decided by the Senate, any 
            Senator voting with the prevailing side or who has not voted 
            may, on the same day or on either of the next two days of 
            actual session thereafter, move a reconsideration; and if 
            the Senate shall refuse to reconsider such a motion entered, 
            or if such a motion is withdrawn by leave of the Senate, or 
            if upon reconsideration the Senate shall affirm its first 
            decision, no further motion to reconsider shall be in order 
            unless by unanimous consent. Every motion to reconsider 
            shall be decided by a majority vote, and may be laid on the 
            table without affecting the question in reference to which 
            the same is made, which shall be a final disposition of the 
            motion.
      13.2      2. When a bill, resolution, report, amendment, order, or 
            message, upon which a vote has been taken, shall have gone 
            out of the possession of the Senate and been communicated to 
            the House of Representatives, the motion to reconsider shall 
            be accompanied by a motion to request the House to return 
            the same; which last motion shall be acted upon immediately, 
            and without debate, and if determined in the negative shall 
            be a final disposition of the motion to reconsider.

        14                            RULE XIV

            BILLS, JOINT RESOLUTIONS, RESOLUTIONS, AND PREAMBLES THERETO

      14.1      1. Whenever a bill or joint resolution shall be offered, 
            its introduction shall, if objected to, be postponed for one 
            day.
      14.2      2. Every bill and joint resolution shall receive three 
            readings previous to its passage which readings on demand of 
            any Senator shall be on three different legislative days, 
            and the Presiding Officer shall give notice at each reading 
            whether it be the first, second, or third: Provided, That 
            each reading may be by title only, unless the Senate in any 
            case shall otherwise order.
      14.3      3. No bill or joint resolution shall be committed or 
            amended until it shall have been twice read, after which it 
            may be referred to a committee; bills and joint resolutions 
            introduced on leave, and bills and joint resolutions from 
            the House of Representatives, shall be read once, and

[[Page 12]]

            may be read twice, if not objected to, on the same day for 
            reference, but shall not be considered on that day nor 
            debated, except for reference, unless by unanimous consent.
      14.4      4. Every bill and joint resolution reported from a 
            committee, not having previously been read, shall be read 
            once, and twice, if not objected to, on the same day, and 
            placed on the Calendar in the order in which the same may be 
            reported; and every bill and joint resolution introduced on 
            leave, and every bill and joint resolution of the House of 
            Representatives which shall have received a first and second 
            reading without being referred to a committee, shall, if 
            objection be made to further proceeding thereon, be placed 
            on the Calendar.
      14.5      5. All bills, amendments, and joint resolutions shall be 
            examined under the supervision of the Secretary of the 
            Senate before they go out of the possession of the Senate, 
            and all bills and joint resolutions which shall have passed 
            both Houses shall be examined under the supervision of the 
            Secretary of the Senate, to see that the same are correctly 
            enrolled, and, when signed by the Speaker of the House and 
            the President of the Senate, the Secretary of the Senate 
            shall forthwith present the same, when they shall have 
            originated in the Senate, to the President of the United 
            States and report the fact and date of such presentation to 
            the Senate.
      14.6      6. All other resolutions shall lie over one day for 
            consideration, if not referred, unless by unanimous consent 
            the Senate shall otherwise direct. When objection is heard 
            to the immediate consideration of a resolution or motion 
            when it is submitted, it shall be placed on the Calendar 
            under the heading of ``Resolutions and Motions over, under 
            the Rule,'' to be laid before the Senate on the next 
            legislative day when there is no further morning business 
            but before the close of morning business and before the 
            termination of the morning hour.
      14.7      7. When a bill or joint resolution shall have been 
            ordered to be read a third time, it shall not be in order to 
            propose amendments, unless by unanimous consent, but it 
            shall be in order at any time before the passage of any bill 
            or resolution to move its commitment; and when the bill or 
            resolution shall again be reported from the committee it 
            shall be placed on the Calendar.
      14.8      8. When a bill or resolution is accompanied by a 
            preamble, the question shall first be put on the bill or 
            resolu

[[Page 13]]

            tion and then on the preamble, which may be withdrawn by a 
            mover before an amendment of the same, or ordering of the 
            yeas and nays; or it may be laid on the table without 
            prejudice to the bill or resolution, and shall be a final 
            disposition of such preamble.
      14.9      9. Whenever a private bill, except a bill for a pension, 
            is under consideration, it shall be in order to move the 
            adoption of a resolution to refer the bill to the Chief 
            Commissioner of the Court of Claims for a report in 
            conformity with section 2509 of Title 28, United States 
            Code.
     14.10      10. No private bill or resolution (including so-called 
            omnibus claims or pension bills), and no amendment to any 
            bill or resolution, authorizing or directing (1) the payment 
            of money for property damages, personal injuries, or death, 
            for which a claim may be filed under chapter 171 of Title 
            28, United States Code, or for a pension (other than to 
            carry out a provision of law or treaty stipulation); (2) the 
            construction of a bridge across a navigable stream; or (3) 
            the correction of a military or naval record, shall be 
            received or considered.

        15                             RULE XV

                               AMENDMENTS AND MOTIONS

     15.1a      1. (a) \3\ An amendment and any instruction accompanying 
            a motion to recommit shall be reduced to writing and read 
            and identical copies shall be provided by the Senator 
            offering the amendment or instruction to the desks of the 
            Majority Leader and the Minority Leader before being 
            debated.
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                \3\ Paragraph 1 was amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
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     15.1b      (b) A motion shall be reduced to writing, if desired by 
            the Presiding Officer or by any Senator, and shall be read 
            before being debated.
      15.2      2. Any motion, amendment, or resolution may be withdrawn 
            or modified by the mover at any time before a decision, 
            amendment, or ordering of the yeas and nays, except a motion 
            to reconsider, which shall not be withdrawn without leave.
      15.3      3. If the question in debate contains several 
            propositions, any Senator may have the same divided, except 
            a motion to strike out and insert, which shall not be 
            divided; but the rejection of a motion to strike out and 
            insert one proposition shall not prevent a motion to strike 
            out and insert

[[Page 14]]

            a different proposition; nor shall it prevent a motion 
            simply to strike out; nor shall the rejection of a motion to 
            strike out prevent a motion to strike out and insert. But 
            pending a motion to strike out and insert, the part to be 
            stricken out and the part to be inserted shall each be 
            regarded for the purpose of amendment as a question, and 
            motions to amend the part to be stricken out shall have 
            precedence.
      15.4      4. When an amendment proposed to any pending measure is 
            laid on the table, it shall not carry with it, or prejudice, 
            such measure.
      15.5      5. It shall not be in order to consider any proposed 
            committee amendment (other than a technical, clerical, or 
            conforming amendment) which contains any significant matter 
            not within the jurisdiction of the committee proposing such 
            amendment.

        16                            RULE XVI

              APPROPRIATIONS AND AMENDMENTS TO GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS 
                                        BILLS

      16.1      1. On a point of order made by any Senator, no 
            amendments shall be received to any general appropriation 
            bill the effect of which will be to increase an 
            appropriation already contained in the bill, or to add a new 
            item of appropriation, unless it be made to carry out the 
            provisions of some existing law, or treaty stipulation, or 
            act or resolution previously passed by the Senate during 
            that session; or unless the same be moved by direction of 
            the Committee on Appropriations or of a committee of the 
            Senate having legislative jurisdiction of the subject 
            matter, or proposed in pursuance of an estimate submitted in 
            accordance with law.
      16.2      2. The Committee on Appropriations shall not report an 
            appropriation bill containing amendments to such bill 
            proposing new or general legislation or any restriction on 
            the expenditure of the funds appropriated which proposes a 
            limitation not authorized by law if such restriction is to 
            take effect or cease to be effective upon the happening of a 
            contingency, and if an appropriation bill is reported to the 
            Senate containing amendments to such bill proposing new or 
            general legislation or any such restriction, a point of 
            order may be made against the bill, and if the point is 
            sustained, the bill shall be recommitted to the Committee on 
            Appropriations.

[[Page 15]]


      16.3      3. All amendments to general appropriation bills moved 
            by direction of a committee having legislative jurisdiction 
            of the subject matter proposing to increase an appropriation 
            already contained in the bill, or to add new items of 
            appropriation, shall, at least one day before they are 
            considered, be referred to the Committee on Appropriations, 
            and when actually proposed to the bill no amendment 
            proposing to increase the amount stated in such amendment 
            shall be received on a point of order made by any Senator.
      16.4      4. On a point of order made by any Senator, no amendment 
            offered by any other Senator which proposes general 
            legislation shall be received to any general appropriation 
            bill, nor shall any amendment not germane or relevant to the 
            subject matter contained in the bill be received; nor shall 
            any amendment to any item or clause of such bill be received 
            which does not directly relate thereto; nor shall any 
            restriction on the expenditure of the funds appropriated 
            which proposes a limitation not authorized by law be 
            received if such restriction is to take effect or cease to 
            be effective upon the happening of a contingency; and all 
            questions of relevancy of amendments under this rule, when 
            raised, shall be submitted to the Senate and be decided 
            without debate; and any such amendment or restriction to a 
            general appropriation bill may be laid on the table without 
            prejudice to the bill.
      16.5      5. On a point of order made by any Senator, no 
            amendment, the object of which is to provide for a private 
            claim, shall be received to any general appropriation bill, 
            unless it be to carry out the provisions of an existing law 
            or a treaty stipulation, which shall be cited on the face of 
            the amendment.
      16.6      6. When a point of order is made against any restriction 
            on the expenditure of funds appropriated in a general 
            appropriation bill on the ground that the restriction 
            violates this rule, the rule shall be construed strictly 
            and, in case of doubt, in favor of the point of order.
      16.7      7. Every report on general appropriation bills filed by 
            the Committee on Appropriations shall identify with 
            particularity each recommended amendment which proposes an 
            item of appropriation which is not made to carry out the 
            provisions of an existing law, a treaty stipulation, or an 
            act or resolution previously passed by the Senate during 
            that session.
      16.8      8. On a point of order made by any Senator, no general 
            appropriation bill or amendment thereto shall be received

[[Page 16]]

            or considered if it contains a provision reappropriating 
            unexpended balances of appropriations; except that this 
            provision shall not apply to appropriations in continuation 
            of appropriations for public works on which work has 
            commenced.

        17                            RULE XVII

             REFERENCE TO COMMITTEES; MOTIONS TO DISCHARGE; REPORTS OF 
                         COMMITTEES; AND HEARINGS AVAILABLE

      17.1      1. Except as provided in paragraph 3, in any case in 
            which a controversy arises as to the jurisdiction of any 
            committee with respect to any proposed legislation, the 
            question of jurisdiction shall be decided by the presiding 
            officer, without debate, in favor of the committee which has 
            jurisdiction over the subject matter which predominates in 
            such proposed legislation; but such decision shall be 
            subject to an appeal.
      17.2      2. A motion simply to refer shall not be open to 
            amendment, except to add instructions.
     17.3a      3. (a) Upon motion by both the majority leader or his 
            designee and the minority leader or his designee, proposed 
            legislation may be referred to two or more committees 
            jointly or sequentially. Notice of such motion and the 
            proposed legislation to which it relates shall be printed in 
            the Congressional Record. The motion shall be privileged, 
            but it shall not be in order until the Congressional Record 
            in which the notice is printed has been available to 
            Senators for at least twenty-four hours. No amendment to any 
            such motion shall be in order except amendments to any 
            instructions contained therein. Debate on any such motion, 
            and all amendments thereto and debatable motions and appeals 
            in connection therewith, shall be limited to not more than 
            two hours, the time to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader 
            or their designees.
     17.3b      (b) Proposed legislation which is referred to two or 
            more committees jointly may be reported only by such 
            committees jointly and only one report may accompany any 
            proposed legislation so jointly reported.
     17.3c      (c) A motion to refer any proposed legislation to two or 
            more committees sequentially shall specify the order of 
            referral.
     17.3d      (d) Any motion under this paragraph may specify the 
            portion or portions of proposed legislation to be considered

[[Page 17]]

            by the committees, or any of them, to which such proposed 
            legislation is referred, and such committees or committee 
            shall be limited, in the consideration of such proposed 
            legislation, to the portion or portions so specified.
     17.3e      (e) Any motion under this subparagraph may contain 
            instructions with respect to the time allowed for 
            consideration by the committees, or any of them, to which 
            proposed legislation is referred and the discharge of such 
            committees, or any of them, from further consideration of 
            such proposed legislation.
     17.4a      4. (a) All reports of committees and motions to 
            discharge a committee from the consideration of a subject, 
            and all subjects from which a committee shall be discharged, 
            shall lie over one day for consideration, unless by 
            unanimous consent the Senate shall otherwise direct.
     17.4b      (b) Whenever any committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) has reported any measure, by action taken in 
            conformity with the requirements of paragraph 7 of rule 
            XXVI, no point of order shall lie with respect to that 
            measure on the ground that hearings upon that measure by the 
            committee were not conducted in accordance with the 
            provisions of paragraph 4 of rule XXVI.
      17.5      5.\4\ Any measure or matter reported by any standing 
            committee shall not be considered in the Senate unless the 
            report of that committee upon that measure or matter has 
            been available to Members for at least two calendar days 
            (excluding Sundays and legal holidays) prior to the 
            consideration of that measure or matter. If hearings have 
            been held on any such measure or matter so reported, the 
            committee reporting the measure or matter shall make every 
            reasonable effort to have such hearings printed and 
            available for distribution to the Members of the Senate 
            prior to the consideration of such measure or matter in the 
            Senate. This paragraph--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \4\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) may be waived by joint agreement of the 
                    majority leader and the minority leader of the 
                    Senate; and
                        (2) shall not apply to--
                                (A) any measure for the declaration of 
                            war, or the declaration of a national 
                            emergency, by the Congress, and
                                (B) any executive decision, 
                            determination, or action which would become, 
                            or continue to be, effec

[[Page 18]]

                            tive unless disapproved or otherwise 
                            invalidated by one or both Houses of 
                            Congress.

        18                           RULE XVIII

                     BUSINESS CONTINUED FROM SESSION TO SESSION

                At the second or any subsequent session of a Congress 
            the legislative business of the Senate which remained 
            undetermined at the close of the next preceding session of 
            that Congress shall be resumed and proceeded with in the 
            same manner as if no adjournment of the Senate had taken 
            place.

        19                            RULE XIX

                                       DEBATE

     19.1a      1. (a) When a Senator desires to speak, he shall rise 
            and address the Presiding Officer, and shall not proceed 
            until he is recognized, and the Presiding Officer shall 
            recognize the Senator who shall first address him. No 
            Senator shall interrupt another Senator in debate without 
            his consent, and to obtain such consent he shall first 
            address the Presiding Officer, and no Senator shall speak 
            more than twice upon any one question in debate on the same 
            legislative day without leave of the Senate, which shall be 
            determined without debate.
     19.1b      (b) At the conclusion of the morning hour at the 
            beginning of a new legislative day or after the unfinished 
            business or any pending business has first been laid before 
            the Senate on any calendar day, and until after the duration 
            of three hours of actual session after such business is laid 
            down except as determined to the contrary by unanimous 
            consent or on motion without debate, all debate shall be 
            germane and confined to the specific question then pending 
            before the Senate.
      19.2      2. No Senator in debate shall, directly or indirectly, 
            by any form of words impute to another Senator or to other 
            Senators any conduct or motive unworthy or unbecoming a 
            Senator.
      19.3      3. No Senator in debate shall refer offensively to any 
            State of the Union.
      19.4      4. If any Senator, in speaking or otherwise, in the 
            opinion of the Presiding Officer transgress the rules of the 
            Senate the Presiding Officer shall, either on his own motion 
            or at the request of any other Senator, call him to order; 
            and

[[Page 19]]

            when a Senator shall be called to order he shall take his 
            seat, and may not proceed without leave of the Senate, 
            which, if granted, shall be upon motion that he be allowed 
            to proceed in order, which motion shall be determined 
            without debate. Any Senator directed by the Presiding 
            Officer to take his seat, and any Senator requesting the 
            Presiding Officer to require a Senator to take his seat, may 
            appeal from the ruling of the Chair, which appeal shall be 
            open to debate.
      19.5      5. If a Senator be called to order for words spoken in 
            debate, upon the demand of the Senator or of any other 
            Senator, the exceptionable words shall be taken down in 
            writing, and read at the table for the information of the 
            Senate.
      19.6      6. Whenever confusion arises in the Chamber or the 
            galleries, or demonstrations of approval or disapproval are 
            indulged in by the occupants of the galleries, it shall be 
            the duty of the Chair to enforce order on his own initiative 
            and without any point of order being made by a Senator.
      19.7      7. No Senator shall introduce to or bring to the 
            attention of the Senate during its sessions any occupant in 
            the galleries of the Senate. No motion to suspend this rule 
            shall be in order, nor may the Presiding Officer entertain 
            any request to suspend it by unanimous consent.
      19.8      8. Former Presidents of the United States shall be 
            entitled to address the Senate upon appropriate notice to 
            the Presiding Officer who shall thereupon make the necessary 
            arrangements.

        20                             RULE XX

                                 QUESTIONS OF ORDER

      20.1      1. A question of order may be raised at any stage of the 
            proceedings, except when the Senate is voting or 
            ascertaining the presence of a quorum, and, unless submitted 
            to the Senate, shall be decided by the Presiding Officer 
            without debate, subject to an appeal to the Senate. When an 
            appeal is taken, any subsequent question of order which may 
            arise before the decision of such appeal shall be decided by 
            the Presiding Officer without debate; and every appeal 
            therefrom shall be decided at once, and without debate; and 
            any appeal may be laid on the table without prejudice to the 
            pending proposition, and thereupon shall be held as 
            affirming the decision of the Presiding Officer.

[[Page 20]]



      20.2      2. The Presiding Officer may submit any question of 
            order for the decision of the Senate.

        21                            RULE XXI

                              SESSION WITH CLOSED DOORS

      21.1      1. On a motion made and seconded to close the doors of 
            the Senate, on the discussion of any business which may, in 
            the opinion of a Senator, require secrecy, the Presiding 
            Officer shall direct the galleries to be cleared; and during 
            the discussion of such motion the doors shall remain closed.
      21.2      2. When the Senate meets in closed session, any 
            applicable provisions of rules XXIX and XXXI, including the 
            confidentiality of information shall apply to any 
            information and to the conduct of any debate transacted.

        22                            RULE XXII

                                PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS

      22.1      1. When a question is pending, no motion shall be 
            received but--
                        To adjourn.
                        To adjourn to a day certain, or that when the 
                    Senate adjourn it shall be to a day certain.
                        To take a recess.
                        To proceed to the consideration of executive 
                    business.
                        To lay on the table.
                        To postpone indefinitely.
                        To postpone to a day certain.
                        To commit.
                        To amend.
            Which several motions shall have precedence as they stand 
            arranged; and the motions relating to adjournment, to take a 
            recess, to proceed to the consideration of executive 
            business, to lay on the table, shall be decided without 
            debate.

      22.2      2.\5\ Notwithstanding the provisions of rule II or rule 
            IV or any other rule of the Senate, at any time a motion 
            signed by sixteen Senators, to bring to a close the debate 
            upon any measure, motion, other matter pending before the 
            Senate, or the unfinished business, is presented to the 
            Senate, the Presiding Officer, or clerk at the direction of 
            the Presiding Officer, shall at once state the motion to the 
            Senate,

[[Page 21]]

            and one hour after the Senate meets on the following 
            calendar day but one, he shall lay the motion before the 
            Senate and direct that the clerk call the roll, and upon the 
            ascertainment that a quorum is present, the Presiding 
            Officer shall, without debate, submit to the Senate by a 
            yea-and-nay vote the question:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \5\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                ``Is it the sense of the Senate that the debate shall be 
            brought to a close?'' And if that question shall be decided 
            in the affirmative by three-fifths of the Senators duly 
            chosen and sworn--except on a measure or motion to amend the 
            Senate rules, in which case the necessary affirmative vote 
            shall be two-thirds of the Senators present and voting--then 
            said measure, motion, or other matter pending before the 
            Senate, or the unfinished business, shall be the unfinished 
            business to the exclusion of all other business until 
            disposed of.
                Thereafter no Senator shall be entitled to speak in all 
            more than one hour on the measure, motion, or other matter 
            pending before the Senate, or the unfinished business, the 
            amendments thereto and motions affecting the same, and it 
            shall be the duty of the Presiding Officer to keep the time 
            of each Senator who speaks. Except by unanimous consent, no 
            amendment shall be proposed after the vote to bring the 
            debate to a close, unless it had been submitted in writing 
            to the Journal Clerk by 1 o'clock p.m. on the day following 
            the filing of the cloture motion if an amendment in the 
            first degree, and unless it had been so submitted at least 
            one hour prior to the beginning of the cloture vote if an 
            amendment in the second degree. No dilatory motion, or 
            dilatory amendment, or amendment not germane shall be in 
            order. Points of order, including questions of relevancy, 
            and appeals from the decision of the Presiding Officer, 
            shall be decided without debate.
                After no more than thirty hours of consideration of the 
            measure, motion, or other matter on which cloture has been 
            invoked, the Senate shall proceed, without any further 
            debate on any question, to vote on the final disposition 
            thereof to the exclusion of all amendments not then actually 
            pending before the Senate at that time and to the exclusion 
            of all motions, except a motion to table, or to reconsider 
            and one quorum call on demand to establish the presence of a 
            quorum (and motions required to establish a quorum) 
            immediately before the final vote begins. The thirty hours 
            may be increased by the adoption of a motion,

[[Page 22]]

            decided without debate, by a three-fifths affirmative vote 
            of the Senators duly chosen and sworn, and any such time 
            thus agreed upon shall be equally divided between and 
            controlled by the Majority and Minority Leaders or their 
            designees. However, only one motion to extend time, 
            specified above, may be made in any one calendar day.
                If, for any reason, a measure or matter is reprinted 
            after cloture has been invoked, amendments which were in 
            order prior to the reprinting of the measure or matter will 
            continue to be in order and may be conformed and reprinted 
            at the request of the amendment's sponsor. The conforming 
            changes must be limited to lineation and pagination.
                No Senator shall call up more than two amendments until 
            every other Senator shall have had the opportunity to do 
            likewise.
                Notwithstanding other provisions of this rule, a Senator 
            may yield all or part of his one hour to the majority or 
            minority floor managers of the measure, motion, or matter or 
            to the Majority or Minority Leader, but each Senator 
            specified shall not have more than two hours so yielded to 
            him and may in turn yield such time to other Senators.
                Notwithstanding any other provision of this rule, any 
            Senator who has not used or yielded at least ten minutes, 
            is, if he seeks recognition, guaranteed up to ten minutes, 
            inclusive, to speak only.
                After cloture is invoked, the reading of any amendment, 
            including House amendments, shall be dispensed with when the 
            proposed amendment has been identified and has been 
            available in printed form at the desk of the Members for not 
            less than twenty-four hours.
      22.3      3.\6\ If a cloture motion on a motion to proceed to a 
            measure or matter is presented in accordance with this rule 
            and is signed by 16 Senators, including the Majority Leader, 
            the Minority Leader, 7 additional Senators not affiliated 
            with the majority, and 7 additional Senators not affiliated 
            with the minority, one hour after the Senate meets on the 
            following calendar day, the Presiding Officer, or the clerk 
            at the direction of the Presiding Officer, shall lay the 
            motion before the Senate. If cloture is then invoked on the 
            motion to proceed, the question shall be on the motion to 
            proceed, without further debate.
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                \6\ As amended by S. Res. 16, 113-1, Jan. 24, 2013.


[[Page 23]]

        23                           RULE XXIII

                               PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR

      23.1      1.\7\ Other than the Vice President and Senators, no 
            person shall be admitted to the floor of the Senate while in 
            session, except as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \7\ Paragraph numbered by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        The President of the United States and his 
                    private secretary.
                        The President elect and Vice President elect of 
                    the United States.
                        Ex-Presidents and ex-Vice Presidents of the 
                    United States.
                        Judges of the Supreme Court.
                        Ex-Senators and Senators elect, except as 
                    provided in paragraph 2.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \8\ As amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        The officers and employees of the Senate in the 
                    discharge of their official duties.
                        Ex-Secretaries and ex-Sergeants at Arms of the 
                    Senate, except as provided in paragraph 2.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \9\ As amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Members of the House of Representatives and 
                    Members elect.
                        Ex-Speakers of the House of Representatives, 
                    except as provided in paragraph 2.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \10\ As amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        The Sergeant at Arms of the House and his chief 
                    deputy and the Clerk of the House and his deputy.
                        Heads of the Executive Departments.
                        Ambassadors and Ministers of the United States.
                        Governors of States and Territories.
                        Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
                        The General Commanding the Army.
                        The Senior Admiral of the Navy on the active 
                    list.
                        Members of National Legislatures of foreign 
                    countries and Members of the European Parliament.
                        Judges of the Court of Claims.
                        The Mayor of the District of Columbia.
                        The Librarian of Congress and the Assistant 
                    Librarian in charge of the Law Library.
                        The Architect of the Capitol.
                        The Chaplain of the House of Representatives.
                        The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
                        The Parliamentarian Emeritus of the Senate.

[[Page 24]]

                        Members of the staffs of committees of the 
                    Senate and joint committees of the Congress when in 
                    the discharge of their official duties and employees 
                    in the office of a Senator when in the discharge of 
                    their official duties (but in each case subject to 
                    such rules or regulations as may be prescribed by 
                    the Committee on Rules and Administration). Senate 
                    committee staff members and employees in the office 
                    of a Senator must be on the payroll of the Senate 
                    and members of joint committee staffs must be on the 
                    payroll of the Senate or the House of 
                    Representatives.

     23.2a      2. (a) \11\  The floor privilege provided in paragraph 1 
            shall not apply, when the Senate is in session, to an 
            individual covered by this paragraph who is--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \11\ Paragraphs 2 and 3 added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) a registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign 
                    principal; or
                        (2) in the employ of or represents any party or 
                    organization for the purpose of influencing, 
                    directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
                    amendment of any Federal legislative proposal.

     23.2b      (b) The Committee on Rules and Administration may 
            promulgate regulations to allow individuals covered by this 
            paragraph floor privileges for ceremonial functions and 
            events designated by the Majority Leader and the Minority 
            Leader.
      23.3      3. A former Member of the Senate may not exercise 
            privileges to use Senate athletic facilities or Member-only 
            parking spaces if such Member is--
     23.3a
                      
                        (a) a registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign 
                    principal; or

     23.3b
                      
                        (b) in the employ of or represents any party or 
                    organization for the purpose of influencing, 
                    directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
                    amendment of any Federal legislative proposal.

        24                            RULE XXIV

                              APPOINTMENT OF COMMITTEES

      24.1      1. In the appointment of the standing committees, or to 
            fill vacancies thereon, the Senate, unless otherwise 
            ordered, shall by resolution appoint the chairman of each 
            such committee and the other members thereof. On de

[[Page 25]]

            mand of any Senator, a separate vote shall be had on the 
            appointment of the chairman of any such committee and on the 
            appointment of the other members thereof. Each such 
            resolution shall be subject to amendment and to division of 
            the question.
      24.2      2. On demand of one-fifth of the Senators present, a 
            quorum being present, any vote taken pursuant to paragraph 1 
            shall be by ballot.
      24.3      3. Except as otherwise provided or unless otherwise 
            ordered, all other committees, and the chairmen thereof, 
            shall be appointed in the same manner as standing 
            committees.
      24.4      4. When a chairman of a committee shall resign or cease 
            to serve on a committee, action by the Senate to fill the 
            vacancy in such committee, unless specially otherwise 
            ordered, shall be only to fill up the number of members of 
            the committee, and the election of a new chairman.

        25                            RULE XXV

                                 STANDING COMMITTEES

      25.1      1. The following standing committees shall be appointed 
            at the commencement of each Congress, and shall continue and 
            have the power to act until their successors are appointed, 
            with leave to report by bill or otherwise on matters within 
            their respective jurisdictions:
     25.1a      (a)(1) Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry, to which committee shall be referred all proposed 
            legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other 
            matters relating primarily to the following subjects:
                        1. Agricultural economics and research.
                        2. Agricultural extension services and 
                    experiment stations.
                        3. Agricultural production, marketing, and 
                    stabilization of prices.
                        4. Agriculture and agricultural commodities.
                        5. Animal industry and diseases.
                        6. Crop insurance and soil conservation.
                        7. Farm credit and farm security.
                        8. Food from fresh waters.
                        9. Food stamp programs.
                        10. Forestry, and forest reserves and wilderness 
                    areas other than those created from the public 
                    domain.
                        11. Home economics.

[[Page 26]]

                        12. Human nutrition.
                        13. Inspection of livestock, meat, and 
                    agricultural products.
                        14. Pests and pesticides.
                        15. Plant industry, soils, and agricultural 
                    engineering.
                        16. Rural development, rural electrification, 
                    and watersheds.
                        17. School nutrition programs.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to food, nutrition, 
            and hunger, both in the United States and in foreign 
            countries, and rural affairs, and report thereon from time 
            to time.
     25.1b      (b) Committee on Appropriations, to which committee 
            shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
            petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
            following subjects:
                        1. Appropriation of the revenue for the support 
                    of the Government, except as provided in 
                    subparagraph (e).
                        2. Rescission of appropriations contained in 
                    appropriation Acts (referred to in section 105 of 
                    Title 1, United States Code).
                        3. The amount of new spending authority 
                    described in section 401(c)(2) (A) and (B) of the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974 which is to be 
                    effective for a fiscal year.
                        4. New spending authority described in section 
                    401(c)(2)(C) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
                    provided in bills and resolutions referred to the 
                    committee under section 401(b)(2) of that Act (but 
                    subject to the provisions of section 401(b)(3) of 
                    that Act).

     25.1c      (c)(1) Committee on Armed Services, to which committee 
            shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
            petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
            following subjects:
                        1. Aeronautical and space activities peculiar to 
                    or primarily associated with the development of 
                    weapons systems or military operations.
                        2. Common defense.
                        3. Department of Defense, the Department of the 
                    Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department 
                    of the Air Force, generally.

[[Page 27]]

                        4. Maintenance and operation of the Panama 
                    Canal, including administration, sanitation, and 
                    government of the Canal Zone.
                        5. Military research and development.
                        6. National security aspects of nuclear energy.
                        7. Naval petroleum reserves, except those in 
                    Alaska.
                        8. Pay, promotion, retirement, and other 
                    benefits and privileges of members of the Armed 
                    Forces, including overseas education of civilian and 
                    military dependents.
                        9. Selective service system.
                        10. Strategic and critical materials necessary 
                    for the common defense.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to the common defense 
            policy of the United States, and report thereon from time to 
            time.
     25.1d      (d)(1) Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
            to which committee shall be referred all proposed 
            legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other 
            matters relating to the following subjects:
                        1. Banks, banking, and financial institutions.
                        2. Control of prices of commodities, rents, and 
                    services.
                        3. Deposit insurance.
                        4. Economic stabilization and defense 
                    production.
                        5. Export and foreign trade promotion.
                        6. Export controls.
                        7. Federal monetary policy, including Federal 
                    Reserve System.
                        8. Financial aid to commerce and industry.
                        9. Issuance and redemption of notes.
                        10. Money and credit, including currency and 
                    coinage.
                        11. Nursing home construction.
                        12. Public and private housing (including 
                    veterans' housing).
                        13. Renegotiation of Government contracts.
                        14. Urban development and urban mass transit.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to international 
            economic policy as it affects United States monetary 
            affairs, credit, and financial institutions; economic 
            growth, urban affairs, and credit, and report thereon from 
            time to time.

[[Page 28]]



     25.1e      (e)(1) \12\ Committee on the Budget, to which committee 
            shall be referred all concurrent resolutions on the budget 
            (as defined in section 3(a)(4) of the Congressional Budget 
            Act of 1974) and all other matters required to be referred 
            to that committee under Titles III and IV of that Act, and 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            thereto.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \12\ The jurisdiction for the Committee on the Budget 
            was modified by S. Res. 445, 108-2, Oct. 9, 2004; however, 
            the Standing Rules of the Senate were not amended.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2) Such committee shall have the duty--
                        (A) to report the matters required to be 
                    reported by it under titles III and IV of the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974;
                        (B) to make continuing studies of the effect on 
                    budget outlays of relevant existing and proposed 
                    legislation and to report the results of such 
                    studies to the Senate on a recurring basis;
                        (C) to request and evaluate continuing studies 
                    of tax expenditures, to devise methods of 
                    coordinating tax expenditures, policies, and 
                    programs with direct budget outlays, and to report 
                    the results of such studies to the Senate on a 
                    recurring basis; and
                        (D) to review, on a continuing basis, the 
                    conduct by the Congressional Budget Office of its 
                    functions and duties.

     25.1f      (f)(1) Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
            Transportation, to which committee shall be referred all 
            proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and 
            other matters relating to the following subjects:
                        1. Coast Guard.
                        2. Coastal zone management.
                        3. Communications.
                        4. Highway safety.
                        5. Inland waterways, except construction.
                        6. Interstate commerce.
                        7. Marine and ocean navigation, safety, and 
                    transportation, including navigational aspects of 
                    deepwater ports.
                        8. Marine fisheries.
                        9. Merchant marine and navigation.
                        10. Nonmilitary aeronautical and space sciences.
                        11. Oceans, weather, and atmospheric activities.
                        12. Panama Canal and interoceanic canals 
                    generally, except as provided in subparagraph (c).

[[Page 29]]

                        13. Regulation of consumer products and 
                    services, including testing related to toxic 
                    substances, other than pesticides, and except for 
                    credit, financial services, and housing.
                        14. Regulation of interstate common carriers, 
                    including railroads, buses, trucks, vessels, 
                    pipelines, and civil aviation.
                        15. Science, engineering, and technology 
                    research and development and policy.
                        16. Sports.
                        17. Standards and measurement.
                        18. Transportation.
                        19. Transportation and commerce aspects of Outer 
                    Continental Shelf lands.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, all matters relating to science and 
            technology, oceans policy, transportation, communications, 
            and consumer affairs, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1g      (g)(1) Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to 
            which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                        1. Coal production, distribution, and 
                    utilization.
                        2. Energy policy.
                        3. Energy regulation and conservation.
                        4. Energy related aspects of deepwater ports.
                        5. Energy research and development.
                        6. Extraction of minerals from oceans and Outer 
                    Continental Shelf lands.
                        7. Hydroelectric power, irrigation, and 
                    reclamation.
                        8. Mining education and research.
                        9. Mining, mineral lands, mining claims, and 
                    mineral conservation.
                        10. National parks, recreation areas, wilderness 
                    areas, wild and scenic rivers, historical sites, 
                    military parks and battlefields, and on the public 
                    domain, preservation of prehistoric ruins and 
                    objects of interest.
                        11. Naval petroleum reserves in Alaska.
                        12. Nonmilitary development of nuclear energy.
                        13. Oil and gas production and distribution.
                        14. Public lands and forests, including farming 
                    and grazing thereon, and mineral extraction 
                    therefrom.
                        15. Solar energy systems.

[[Page 30]]

                        16. Territorial possessions of the United 
                    States, including trusteeships.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to energy and 
            resources development, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1h      (h)(1) Committee on Environment and Public Works, to 
            which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                        1. Air pollution.
                        2. Construction and maintenance of highways.
                        3. Environmental aspects of Outer Continental 
                    Shelf lands.
                        4. Environmental effects of toxic substances, 
                    other than pesticides.
                        5. Environmental policy.
                        6. Environmental research and development.
                        7. Fisheries and wildlife.
                        8. Flood control and improvements of rivers and 
                    harbors, including environmental aspects of 
                    deepwater ports.
                        9. Noise pollution.
                        10. Nonmilitary environmental regulation and 
                    control of nuclear energy.
                        11. Ocean dumping.
                        12. Public buildings and improved grounds of the 
                    United States generally, including Federal buildings 
                    in the District of Columbia.
                        13. Public works, bridges, and dams.
                        14. Regional economic development.
                        15. Solid waste disposal and recycling.
                        16. Water pollution.
                        17. Water resources.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to environmental 
            protection and resource utilization and conservation, and 
            report thereon from time to time.
     25.1i      (i) Committee on Finance, to which committee shall be 
            referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, 
            memorials, and other matters relating to the following 
            subjects:
                        1. Bonded debt of the United States, except as 
                    provided in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                        2. Customs, collection districts, and ports of 
                    entry and delivery.

[[Page 31]]

                        3. Deposit of public moneys.
                        4. General revenue sharing.
                        5. Health programs under the Social Security Act 
                    and health programs financed by a specific tax or 
                    trust fund.
                        6. National social security.
                        7. Reciprocal trade agreements.
                        8. Revenue measures generally, except as 
                    provided in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                        9. Revenue measures relating to the insular 
                    possessions.
                        10. Tariffs and import quotas, and matters 
                    related thereto.
                        11. Transportation of dutiable goods.
     25.1j      (j)(1) Committee on Foreign Relations, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
                        1. Acquisition of land and buildings for 
                    embassies and legations in foreign countries.
                        2. Boundaries of the United States.
                        3. Diplomatic service.
                        4. Foreign economic, military, technical, and 
                    humanitarian assistance.
                        5. Foreign loans.
                        6. International activities of the American 
                    National Red Cross and the International Committee 
                    of the Red Cross.
                        7. International aspects of nuclear energy, 
                    including nuclear transfer policy.
                        8. International conferences and congresses.
                        9. International law as it relates to foreign 
                    policy.
                        10. International Monetary Fund and other 
                    international organizations established primarily 
                    for international monetary purposes (except that, at 
                    the request of the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
                    and Urban Affairs, any proposed legislation relating 
                    to such subjects reported by the Committee on 
                    Foreign Relations shall be referred to the Committee 
                    on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs).
                        11. Intervention abroad and declarations of war.
                        12. Measures to foster commercial intercourse 
                    with foreign nations and to safeguard American 
                    business interests abroad.
                        13. National security and international aspects 
                    of trusteeships of the United States.

[[Page 32]]

                        14. Oceans and international environmental and 
                    scientific affairs as they relate to foreign policy.
                        15. Protection of United States citizens abroad 
                    and expatriation.
                        16. Relations of the United States with foreign 
                    nations generally.
                        17. Treaties and executive agreements, except 
                    reciprocal trade agreements.
                        18. United Nations and its affiliated 
                    organizations.
                        19. World Bank group, the regional development 
                    banks, and other international organizations 
                    established primarily for development assistance 
                    purposes.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to the national 
            security policy, foreign policy, and international economic 
            policy as it relates to foreign policy of the United States, 
            and matters relating to food, hunger, and nutrition in 
            foreign countries, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1k      (k)(1) \13\ Committee on Governmental Affairs, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \13\ Pursuant to S. Res. 445, 108-2, Oct. 9, 2004, ``the 
            Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 
            shall be treated as the Committee on Governmental Affairs 
            listed under paragraph 2 of rule XXV of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate for purposes of the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate.'' The resolution also modified the jurisdiction of 
            the Committee. However, the Standing Rules of the Senate 
            were not amended.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1. Archives of the United States.
                        2. Budget and accounting measures, other than 
                    appropriations, except as provided in the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                        3. Census and collection of statistics, 
                    including economic and social statistics.
                        4. Congressional organization, except for any 
                    part of the matter that amends the rules or orders 
                    of the Senate.
                        5. Federal Civil Service.
                        6. Government information.
                        7. Intergovernmental relations.
                        8. Municipal affairs of the District of 
                    Columbia, except appropriations therefor.
                        9. Organization and management of United States 
                    nuclear export policy.
                        10. Organization and reorganization of the 
                    executive branch of the Government.

[[Page 33]]

                        11. Postal Service.
                        12. Status of officers and employees of the 
                    United States, including their classification, 
                    compensation, and benefits.
                (2) Such committee shall have the duty of--
                        (A) receiving and examining reports of the 
                    Comptroller General of the United States and of 
                    submitting such recommendations to the Senate as it 
                    deems necessary or desirable in connection with the 
                    subject matter of such reports;
                        (B) studying the efficiency, economy, and 
                    effectiveness of all agencies and departments of the 
                    Government;
                        (C) evaluating the effects of laws enacted to 
                    reorganize the legislative and executive branches of 
                    the Government; and
                        (D) studying the intergovernmental relationships 
                    between the United States and the States and 
                    municipalities, and between the United States and 
                    international organizations of which the United 
                    States is a member.
     25.1l      (l)(1) \14\ Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
            Pensions, to which committee shall be referred all proposed 
            legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other 
            matters relating to the following subjects:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \14\ Name changed by S. Res. 28, 106-1, Jan. 21, 1999; 
            redesignated as subparagraph (l) by S. Res. 299, 106-2, Apr. 
            27, 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1. Measures relating to education, labor, 
                    health, and public welfare.
                        2. Aging.
                        3. Agricultural colleges.
                        4. Arts and humanities.
                        5. Biomedical research and development.
                        6. Child labor.
                        7. Convict labor and the entry of goods made by 
                    convicts into interstate commerce.
                        8. Domestic activities of the American National 
                    Red Cross.
                        9. Equal employment opportunity.
                        10. Gallaudet College, Howard University, and 
                    Saint Elizabeths Hospital.
                        11. Individuals with disabilities.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \15\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 106-1, Jan. 21, 1999.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        12. Labor standards and labor statistics.
                        13. Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes.

[[Page 34]]

                        14. Occupational safety and health, including 
                    the welfare of miners.
                        15. Private pension plans.
                        16. Public health.
                        17. Railway labor and retirement.
                        18. Regulation of foreign laborers.
                        19. Student loans.
                        20. Wages and hours of labor.
                (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
            comprehensive basis, matters relating to health, education 
            and training, and public welfare, and report thereon from 
            time to time.
     25.1m      (m) \16\ Committee on the Judiciary, to which committee 
            shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
            petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
            following subjects:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \16\ Redesignated as subparagraph (m) by S. Res. 299, 
            106-2, Apr. 27, 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1. Apportionment of Representatives.
                        2. Bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and 
                    counterfeiting.
                        3. Civil liberties.
                        4. Constitutional amendments.
                        5. Federal courts and judges.
                        6. Government information.
                        7. Holidays and celebrations.
                        8. Immigration and naturalization.
                        9. Interstate compacts generally.
                        10. Judicial proceedings, civil and criminal, 
                    generally.
                        11. Local courts in the territories and 
                    possessions.
                        12. Measures relating to claims against the 
                    United States.
                        13. National penitentiaries.
                        14. Patent Office.
                        15. Patents, copyrights, and trademarks.
                        16. Protection of trade and commerce against 
                    unlawful restraints and monopolies.
                        17. Revision and codification of the statutes of 
                    the United States.
                        18. State and territorial boundary lines.

     25.1n      (n)(1) Committee on Rules and Administration, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:

[[Page 35]]

                        1. Administration of the Senate Office Buildings 
                    and the Senate wing of the Capitol, including the 
                    assignment of office space.
                        2. Congressional organization relative to rules 
                    and procedures, and Senate rules and regulations, 
                    including floor and gallery rules.
                        3. Corrupt practices.
                        4. Credentials and qualifications of Members of 
                    the Senate, contested elections, and acceptance of 
                    incompatible offices.
                        5. Federal elections generally, including the 
                    election of the President, Vice President, and 
                    Members of the Congress.
                        6. Government Printing Office, and the printing 
                    and correction of the Congressional Record, as well 
                    as those matters provided for under rule XI.
                        7. Meetings of the Congress and attendance of 
                    Members.
                        8. Payment of money out of the contingent fund 
                    of the Senate or creating a charge upon the same 
                    (except that any resolution relating to substantive 
                    matter within the jurisdiction of any other standing 
                    committee of the Senate shall be first referred to 
                    such committee).
                        9. Presidential succession.
                        10. Purchase of books and manuscripts and 
                    erection of monuments to the memory of individuals.
                        11. Senate Library and statuary, art, and 
                    pictures in the Capitol and Senate Office Buildings.
                        12. Services to the Senate, including the Senate 
                    restaurant.
                        13. United States Capitol and congressional 
                    office buildings, the Library of Congress, the 
                    Smithsonian Institution (and the incorporation of 
                    similar institutions), and the Botanic Gardens.
                (2) Such committee shall also--
                        (A) make a continuing study of the organization 
                    and operation of the Congress of the United States 
                    and shall recommend improvements in such 
                    organization and operation with a view toward 
                    strengthening the Congress, simplifying its 
                    operations, improving its relationships with other 
                    branches of the United States Government, and 
                    enabling it better to meet its responsibilities 
                    under the Constitution of the United States;

[[Page 36]]

                        (B) identify any court proceeding or action 
                    which, in the opinion of the Committee, is of vital 
                    interest to the Congress as a constitutionally 
                    established institution of the Federal Government 
                    and call such proceeding or action to the attention 
                    of the Senate; and
                        (C) \17\ develop, implement, and update as 
                    necessary a strategy planning process and a 
                    strategic plan for the functional and technical 
                    infrastructure support of the Senate and provide 
                    oversight over plans developed by Senate officers 
                    and others in accordance with the strategic planning 
                    process.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \17\ As added by S. Res. 151, 105-1, Nov. 9, 1997.

     25.1o      (o)(1) \18\ Committee on Small Business and 
            Entrepreneurship, to which committee shall be referred all 
            proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and 
            other matters relating to the Small Business Administration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \18\ As added by S. Res. 101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 1981; name 
            changed by S. Res. 123, 107-1, June 29, 2001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2) Any proposed legislation reported by such committee 
            which relates to matters other than the functions of the 
            Small Business Administration shall, at the request of the 
            chairman of any standing committee having jurisdiction over 
            the subject matter extraneous to the functions of the Small 
            Business Administration, be considered and reported by such 
            standing committee prior to its consideration by the Senate; 
            and likewise measures reported by other committees directly 
            relating to the Small Business Administration shall, at the 
            request of the chairman of the Committee on Small Business, 
            be referred to the Committee on Small Business and 
            Entrepreneurship for its consideration of any portions of 
            the measure dealing with the Small Business Administration, 
            and be reported by this committee prior to its consideration 
            by the Senate.
                (3) Such committee shall also study and survey by means 
            of research and investigation all problems of American small 
            business enterprises, and report thereon from time to time.
     25.1p      (p) \19\ Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to which 
            committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, 
            messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating 
            to the following subjects:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \19\ Redesignated as subparagraph (p) by S. Res. 101, 
            97-1, Mar. 25, 1981.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1. Compensation of veterans.

[[Page 37]]

                        2. Life insurance issued by the Government on 
                    account of service in the Armed Forces.
                        3. National cemeteries.
                        4. Pensions of all wars of the United States, 
                    general and special.
                        5. Readjustment of servicemen to civil life.
                        6. Soldiers' and sailors' civil relief.
                        7. Veterans' hospitals, medical care and 
                    treatment of veterans.
                        8. Veterans' measures generally.
                        9. Vocational rehabilitation and education of 
                    veterans.
      25.2      2. \20\ Except as otherwise provided by paragraph 4 of 
            this rule, each of the following standing committees shall 
            consist of the number of Senators set forth in the following 
            table on the line on which the name of that committee 
            appears:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \20\ As amended by S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. 
            Res. 365, 97-2, Apr. 20, 1982; S. Res. 380, 97-2, Apr. 27, 
            1982; S. Res. 6, 98-1, Jan. 3, 1983; S. Res. 20, 98-1, Jan. 
            27, 1983; S. Res. 53, 98-1, Feb. 3, 1983; S. Res. 338, 98-2, 
            Feb. 9, 1984; S. Res. 74, 99-1, Feb. 21, 1985; S. Res. 14, 
            100-1, Jan. 6, 1987; S. Res. 211, 100-1, May 12, 1987; S. 
            Res. 43, 101-1, Feb. 2, 1989; S. Res. 43, 102-1, Feb. 5, 
            1991; S. Res. 135, 102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 4, 103-1, 
            Jan. 7, 1993; S. Res. 130, 103-1, July 1, 1993; S. Res. 132, 
            103-1, July 15, 1993; S. Res. 14, 104-1, Jan. 5, 1995; S. 
            Res. 92, 104-1, Mar. 24, 1995; S. Res. 9, 105-1, Jan. 9, 
            1997; HELP/Judiciary reversed by S. Res. 299, 106-2, Apr. 
            27, 2000; S. Res. 354, 106-2, Sept. 12, 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Committee:
                                                                  Members

                    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry..........    20
                    Appropriations................................    28
                    Armed Services................................    18
                    Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs...........    22
                    Commerce, Science, and Transportation.........    20
                    Energy and Natural Resources..................    20
                    Environment and Public Works..................    18
                    Finance.......................................    20
                    Foreign Relations.............................    18
                    Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions........    18
                    Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs....    16
                    Judiciary.....................................    18
                  

     25.3a      3. (a) \21\ Except as otherwise provided by paragraph 4 
            of this rule, each of the following standing committees 
            shall consist of the number of Senators set forth in the 
            following

[[Page 38]]

            table on the line on which the name of that committee 
            appears:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \21\ As amended by S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. 
            Res. 101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 1981; S. Res. 6, 98-1, Jan 3, 1983; 
            S. Res. 88, 99-1, Mar. 5, 1985; S. Res. 14, 100-1, Jan. 6, 
            1987; S. Res. 211, 100-1, May 12, 1987; S. Res. 43, 101-1, 
            Feb. 2, 1989; S. Res. 85, 102-1, Mar. 19, 1991; S. Res. 135, 
            102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 18, 103-1, Jan. 21, 1993; S. 
            Res. 130, 103-1, July 1, 1993; S. Res. 34, 104-1, Jan. 6, 
            1995; S. Res. 9, 105-1, Jan. 9, 1997; S. Res. 354, 106-2, 
            Sept. 12, 2000; S. Res. 123, 107-1, June 29, 2001.
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                    Committee:
                                                                  Members

                    Budget........................................    22
                    Rules and Administration......................    16
                    Veterans' Affairs.............................    14
                    Small Business and Entrepreneurship...........    18
                  

     25.3b      (b) \22\ Each of the following committees and joint 
            committees shall consist of the number of Senators (or 
            Senate members, in the case of a joint committee) set forth 
            in the following table on the line on which the name of that 
            committee appears:
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                \22\ As amended by S. Res. 13, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; S. 
            Res. 24, 97-1, Jan. 19, 1981; S. Res. 101, 97-1, Mar. 25, 
            1981; S. Res. 338, 98-2, Feb. 9, 1984; S. Res. 85, 102-1, 
            Mar. 19, 1991; S. Res. 135, 102-1, June 4, 1991; S. Res. 18, 
            103-1, Jan. 21, 1993; S. Res. 34, 104-1, Jan. 6, 1995; S. 
            Res. 9, 105-1, Jan. 9, 1997.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Committee: \23\
                                                                  Members

                    Aging.........................................    18
                    Intelligence..................................    19
                    Joint Economic Committee......................    10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \23\ Pursuant to S. Res. 445, 108-2, Oct. 9, 2004, the 
            Select Committee on Intelligence shall be treated as a 
            committee listed under paragraph 2 of rule XXV of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate for purposes of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate. However, the resolution did not amend 
            the Standing Rules of the Senate.
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     25.3c      (c) \24\ Each of the following committees and joint 
            committees shall consist of the number of Senators (or 
            Senate members, in the case of a joint committee) set forth 
            in the following table on the line on which the name of that 
            committee appears:
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                \24\ As amended by S. Res. 448, 96-2, Dec. 11, 1980; S. 
            Res. 88, 99-1, Mar. 5, 1985; S. Res. 14, 100-1, Jan. 6, 
            1987; S. Res. 100, 101-1, Apr. 11, 1989; S. Res. 44, 102-1, 
            Feb. 5, 1991; S. Res. 18, 103-1, Jan. 21, 1993; S. Res. 34, 
            104-1, Jan. 6, 1995; S. Res. 92, 104-1, Mar. 24, 1995; S. 
            Res. 9, 105-1, Jan. 9, 1997.
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                    Committee:
                                                                  Members

                    Ethics........................................     6
                    Indian Affairs................................    14
                    Joint Committee on Taxation...................     5
                  

     25.4a      4. (a) Except as otherwise provided by this paragraph--
                        (1) each Senator shall serve on two and no more 
                    committees listed in paragraph 2; and
                        (2) each Senator may serve on only one committee 
                    listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b).

     25.4b      (b)(1) Each Senator may serve on not more than three 
            subcommittees of each committee (other than the Committee on 
            Appropriations) listed in paragraph 2 of which he is a 
            member.

[[Page 39]]

                (2) Each Senator may serve on not more than two 
            subcommittees of a committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or 
            (b) of which he is a member.
                (3) Notwithstanding subparagraphs (1) and (2), a Senator 
            serving as chairman or ranking minority member of a 
            standing, select, or special committee of the Senate or 
            joint committee of the Congress may serve ex officio, 
            without vote, as a member of any subcommittee of such 
            committee or joint committee.
                (4) No committee of the Senate may establish any sub-
            unit of that committee other than a subcommittee, unless the 
            Senate by resolution has given permission therefor. For 
            purposes of this subparagraph, any subunit of a joint 
            committee shall be treated as a subcommittee.
     25.4c      (c) By agreement entered into by the majority leader and 
            the minority leader, the membership of one or more standing 
            committees may be increased temporarily from time to time by 
            such number or numbers as may be required to accord to the 
            majority party a majority of the membership of all standing 
            committees. When any such temporary increase is necessary to 
            accord to the majority party a majority of the membership of 
            all standing committees, members of the majority party in 
            such number as may be required for that purpose may serve as 
            members of three standing committees listed in paragraph 2. 
            No such temporary increase in the membership of any standing 
            committee under this subparagraph shall be continued in 
            effect after the need therefor has ended. No standing 
            committee may be increased in membership under this 
            subparagraph by more than two members in excess of the 
            number prescribed for that committee by paragraph 2 or 3(a).
     25.4d      (d) A Senator may serve as a member of any joint 
            committee of the Congress the Senate members of which are 
            required by law to be appointed from a standing committee of 
            the Senate of which he is a member, and service as a member 
            of any such joint committee shall not be taken into account 
            for purposes of subparagraph (a)(2).
     25.4e      (e)(1) No Senator shall serve at any time as chairman of 
            more than one standing, select, or special committee of the 
            Senate or joint committee of the Congress, except that a 
            Senator may serve as chairman of any joint committee of the 
            Congress having jurisdiction with respect to a subject 
            matter which is directly related to the jurisdiction of a 
            standing committee of which he is chairman.

[[Page 40]]

                (2) No Senator shall serve at any time as chairman of 
            more than one subcommittee of each standing, select, or 
            special committee of the Senate or joint committee of the 
            Congress of which he is a member.
                (3) A Senator who is serving as the chairman of a 
            committee listed in paragraph 2 may serve at any time as the 
            chairman of only one subcommittee of all committees listed 
            in paragraph 2 of which he is a member and may serve at any 
            time as the chairman of only one subcommittee of each 
            committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b) of which he is a 
            member. A Senator who is serving as the chairman of a 
            committee listed in paragraph 3 (a) or (b) may not serve as 
            the chairman of any subcommittee of that committee, and may 
            serve at any time as the chairman of only one subcommittee 
            of each committee listed in paragraph 2 of which he is a 
            member. Any other Senator may serve as the chairman of only 
            one subcommittee of each committee listed in paragraph 2, 
            3(a), or 3(b) of which he is a member.
     25.4f      (f) A Senator serving on the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration may not serve on any joint committee of the 
            Congress unless the Senate members thereof are required by 
            law to be appointed from the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, or unless such Senator served on the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration and the Joint 
            Committee on Taxation on the last day of the Ninety-eighth 
            Congress.\25\
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                \25\ As amended by S. Res. 76, 99-1, Feb. 21, 1985.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     25.4g      (g) A Senator who on the day preceding the effective 
            date of Title I of the Committee System Reorganization 
            Amendments of 1977 was serving as the chairman or ranking 
            minority member of the Committee on the District of Columbia 
            or the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service may serve 
            on the Committee on Governmental Affairs in addition to 
            serving on two other standing committees listed in paragraph 
            2. At the request of any such Senator, he shall be appointed 
            to serve on such committee but, while serving on such 
            committee and two other standing committees listed in 
            paragraph 2, he may not serve on any committee listed in 
            paragraph 3 (a) or (b) other than the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration. The preceding provisions of this 
            subparagraph shall apply with respect to any Senator only so 
            long as his service as a member of the Committee on 
            Governmental Affairs is continuous after the

[[Page 41]]

            date on which the appointment of the majority and minority 
            members of the Committee on Governmental Affairs is 
            initially completed.\26\
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                \26\ As amended by S. Res. 12, 97-1, Jan. 5, 1981; 
            Subparagraph (h), omitted here, pertains to committee 
            service of Senators during the 103rd Congress. Provisions 
            for the 104th Congress were established by S. Res. 13 and 
            17, Jan. 4, 1995, and S. Res. 27 and 29, Jan. 5, 1995. In 
            subsequent Congresses, committee assignments made 
            notwithstanding Rule XXV.
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                          *     *     *     *     *     *     *

        26                            RULE XXVI

                                 COMMITTEE PROCEDURE

      26.1      1.\27\ Each standing committee, including any 
            subcommittee of any such committee, is authorized to hold 
            such hearings, to sit and act at such times and places 
            during the sessions, recesses, and adjourned periods of the 
            Senate, to require by subpoena or otherwise the attendance 
            of such witnesses and the production of such correspondence, 
            books, papers, and documents, to take such testimony and to 
            make such expenditures out of the contingent fund of the 
            Senate as may be authorized by resolutions of the Senate. 
            Each such committee may make investigations into any matter 
            within its jurisdiction, may report such hearings as may be 
            had by it, and may employ stenographic assistance at a cost 
            not exceeding the amount prescribed by the Committee on 
            Rules and Administration.\28\ The expenses of the committee 
            shall be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate upon 
            vouchers approved by the chairman.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \27\ As amended by S. Res. 281, 96-2, Mar. 11, 1980, 
            effective Feb. 28, 1981.
                \28\ Pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 4331, the Committee on Rules 
            and Administration issues ``Regulations Governing Rates 
            Payable to Commercial Reporting Firms for Reporting 
            Committee Hearings in the Senate.''
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      26.2      2. \29\ Each committee \30\ shall adopt rules (not 
            inconsistent with the Rules of the Senate) governing the 
            procedure of such committee. The rules of each committee 
            shall be published in the Congressional Record not later 
            than March 1 of the first year of each Congress, except that 
            if any such committee is established on or after February 1 
            of a year, the rules of that committee during the year of 
            establishment shall be published in the Congressional Record 
            not later than sixty days after such establishment. Any 
            amendment to the rules of a committee shall not take effect

[[Page 42]]

            until the amendment is published in the Congressional 
            Record.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \29\ As amended by S. Res. 250, 101-2, Mar. 1, 1990.
                \30\ The term ``each committee'' when used in these 
            rules includes standing, select, and special committees 
            unless otherwise specified.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

      26.3      3. Each standing committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) shall fix regular weekly, biweekly, or 
            monthly meeting days for the transaction of business before 
            the committee and additional meetings may be called by the 
            chairman as he may deem necessary. If at least three members 
            of any such committee desire that a special meeting of the 
            committee be called by the chairman, those members may file 
            in the offices of the committee their written request to the 
            chairman for that special meeting. Immediately upon the 
            filing of the request, the clerk of the committee shall 
            notify the chairman of the filing of the request. If, within 
            three calendar days after the filing of the request, the 
            chairman does not call the requested special meeting, to be 
            held within seven calendar days after the filing of the 
            request, a majority of the members of the committee may file 
            in the offices of the committee their written notice that a 
            special meeting of the committee will be held, specifying 
            the date and hour of that special meeting. The committee 
            shall meet on that date and hour. Immediately upon the 
            filing of the notice, the clerk of the committee shall 
            notify all members of the committee that such special 
            meeting will be held and inform them of its date and hour. 
            If the chairman of any such committee is not present at any 
            regular, additional, or special meeting of the committee, 
            the ranking member of the majority party on the committee 
            who is present shall preside at that meeting.
     26.4a      4. (a) Each committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations and the Committee on the Budget) shall make 
            public announcement of the date, place, and subject matter 
            of any hearing to be conducted by the committee on any 
            measure or matter at least one week before the commencement 
            of that hearing unless the committee determines that there 
            is good cause to begin such hearing at an earlier date.
     26.4b      (b) Each committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) shall require each witness who is to appear 
            before the committee in any hearing to file with the clerk 
            of the committee, at least one day before the date of the 
            appearance of that witness, a written statement of his 
            proposed testimony unless the committee chairman and the 
            ranking minority member determine that there is good cause 
            for noncompliance. If so requested by any committee, the 
            staff

[[Page 43]]

            of the committee shall prepare for the use of the members of 
            the committee before each day of hearing before the 
            committee a digest of the statements which have been so 
            filed by witnesses who are to appear before the committee on 
            that day.
     26.4c      (c) After the conclusion of each day of hearing, if so 
            requested by any committee, the staff shall prepare for the 
            use of the members of the committee a summary of the 
            testimony given before the committee on that day. After 
            approval by the chairman and the ranking minority member of 
            the committee, each such summary may be printed as a part of 
            the committee hearings if such hearings are ordered by the 
            committee to be printed.
     26.4d      (d) Whenever any hearing is conducted by a committee 
            (except the Committee on Appropriations) upon any measure or 
            matter, the minority on the committee shall be entitled, 
            upon request made by a majority of the minority members to 
            the chairman before the completion of such hearing, to call 
            witnesses selected by the minority to testify with respect 
            to the measure or matter during at least one day of hearing 
            thereon.
     26.5a      5. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of the rules, 
            when the Senate is in session, no committee of the Senate or 
            any subcommittee thereof may meet, without special leave, 
            after the conclusion of the first two hours after the 
            meeting of the Senate commenced and in no case after two 
            o'clock postmeridian unless consent therefor has been 
            obtained from the majority leader and the minority leader 
            (or in the event of the absence of either of such leaders, 
            from his designee). The prohibition contained in the 
            preceding sentence shall not apply to the Committee on 
            Appropriations or the Committee on the Budget. The majority 
            leader or his designee shall announce to the Senate whenever 
            consent has been given under this subparagraph and shall 
            state the time and place of such meeting. The right to make 
            such announcement of consent shall have the same priority as 
            the filing of a cloture motion.
     26.5b      (b) Each meeting of a committee, or any subcommittee 
            thereof, including meetings to conduct hearings, shall be 
            open to the public, except that a meeting or series of 
            meetings by a committee or a subcommittee thereof on the 
            same subject for a period of no more than fourteen calendar 
            days may be closed to the public on a motion made and 
            seconded to go into closed session to discuss only whether 
            the matters enumerated in clauses (1) through (6) would 
            require

[[Page 44]]

            the meeting to be closed, followed immediately by a record 
            vote in open session by a majority of the members of the 
            committee or subcommittee when it is determined that the 
            matters to be discussed or the testimony to be taken at such 
            meeting or meetings--
                        (1) will disclose matters necessary to be kept 
                    secret in the interests of national defense or the 
                    confidential conduct of the foreign relations of the 
                    United States;
                        (2) will relate solely to matters of committee 
                    staff personnel or internal staff management or 
                    procedure;
                        (3) will tend to charge an individual with crime 
                    or misconduct, to disgrace or injure the 
                    professional standing of an individual, or otherwise 
                    to expose an individual to public contempt or 
                    obloquy, or will represent a clearly unwarranted 
                    invasion of the privacy of an individual;
                        (4) will disclose the identity of any informer 
                    or law enforcement agent or will disclose any 
                    information relating to the investigation or 
                    prosecution of a criminal offense that is required 
                    to be kept secret in the interests of effective law 
                    enforcement;
                        (5) will disclose information relating to the 
                    trade secrets of financial or commercial information 
                    pertaining specifically to a given person if--
                                (A) an Act of Congress requires the 
                            information to be kept confidential by 
                            Government officers and employees; or
                                (B) the information has been obtained by 
                            the Government on a confidential basis, 
                            other than through an application by such 
                            person for a specific Government financial 
                            or other benefit, and is required to be kept 
                            secret in order to prevent undue injury to 
                            the competitive position of such person; or
                        (6) may divulge matters required to be kept 
                    confidential under other provisions of law or 
                    Government regulations.

     26.5c      (c) Whenever any hearing conducted by any such committee 
            or subcommittee is open to the public, that hearing may be 
            broadcast by radio or television, or both, under such rules 
            as the committee or subcommittee may adopt.
     26.5d      (d) Whenever disorder arises during a committee meeting 
            that is open to the public, or any demonstration of approval 
            or disapproval is indulged in by any person in attendance at 
            any such meeting, it shall be the duty of the Chair to

[[Page 45]]

            enforce order on his own initiative and without any point of 
            order being made by a Senator. When the Chair finds it 
            necessary to maintain order, he shall have the power to 
            clear the room, and the committee may act in closed session 
            for so long as there is doubt of the assurance of order.
     26.5e      (e)(1) \31\ Each committee shall prepare and keep a 
            complete transcript or electronic recording adequate to 
            fully record the proceeding of each meeting or conference 
            whether or not such meeting or any part thereof is closed 
            under this paragraph, unless a majority of its members vote 
            to forgo such a record.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \31\ Subparagraph (e)(1) numbered by Pub. L. 110-81, 
            Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2)(A) \32\ Except with respect to meetings closed in 
            accordance with this rule, each committee and subcommittee 
            shall make publicly available through the Internet a video 
            recording, audio recording, or transcript of any meeting not 
            later than 21 business days after the meeting occurs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \32\ Clause (2) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007, 
            effective Dec. 13, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (B) Information required by subclause (A) shall be 
            available until the end of the Congress following the date 
            of the meeting.
                (C) The Committee on Rules and Administration may waive 
            this clause upon request based on the inability of a 
            committee or subcommittee to comply with this clause due to 
            technical or logistical reasons.
      26.6      6. Morning meetings of committees and subcommittees 
            thereof shall be scheduled for one or both of the periods 
            prescribed in this paragraph. The first period shall end at 
            eleven o'clock antemeridian. The second period shall begin 
            at eleven o'clock antemeridian and end at two o'clock 
            postmeridian.
     26.7a      7. (a)(1) Except as provided in this paragraph, each 
            committee, and each subcommittee thereof is authorized to 
            fix the number of its members (but not less than one-third 
            of its entire membership) who shall constitute a quorum 
            thereof for the transaction of such business as may be 
            considered by said committee, except that no measure or 
            matter or recommendation shall be reported from any 
            committee unless a majority of the committee were physically 
            present.
                (2) Each such committee, or subcommittee, is authorized 
            to fix a lesser number than one-third of its entire member

[[Page 46]]

            ship who shall constitute a quorum thereof for the purpose 
            of taking sworn testimony.
                (3) The vote of any committee to report a measure or 
            matter shall require the concurrence of a majority of the 
            members of the committee who are present. No vote of any 
            member of any committee to report a measure or matter may be 
            cast by proxy if rules adopted by such committee forbid the 
            casting of votes for that purpose by proxy; however, proxies 
            may not be voted when the absent committee member has not 
            been informed of the matter on which he is being recorded 
            and has not affirmatively requested that he be so recorded. 
            Action by any committee in reporting any measure or matter 
            in accordance with the requirements of this subparagraph 
            shall constitute the ratification by the committee of all 
            action theretofore taken by the committee with respect to 
            that measure or matter, including votes taken upon the 
            measure or matter or any amendment thereto, and no point of 
            order shall lie with respect to that measure or matter on 
            the ground that such previous action with respect thereto by 
            such committee was not taken in compliance with such 
            requirements.
     26.7b      (b) Each committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) shall keep a complete record of all 
            committee action. Such record shall include a record of the 
            votes on any question on which a record vote is demanded. 
            The results of rollcall votes taken in any meeting of any 
            committee upon any measure, or any amendment thereto, shall 
            be announced in the committee report on that measure unless 
            previously announced by the committee, and such announcement 
            shall include a tabulation of the votes cast in favor of and 
            the votes cast in opposition to each such measure and 
            amendment by each member of the committee who was present at 
            that meeting.
     26.7c      (c) Whenever any committee by rollcall vote reports any 
            measure or matter, the report of the committee upon such 
            measure or matter shall include a tabulation of the votes 
            cast by each member of the committee in favor of and in 
            opposition to such measure or matter. Nothing contained in 
            this subparagraph shall abrogate the power of any committee 
            to adopt rules--
                        (1) providing for proxy voting on all matters 
                    other than the reporting of a measure or matter, or
                        (2) providing in accordance with subparagraph 
                    (a) for a lesser number as a quorum for any action 
                    other than the reporting of a measure or matter.

[[Page 47]]


     26.8a      8. (a) In order to assist the Senate in--
                        (1) its analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of 
                    the application, administration, and execution of 
                    the laws enacted by the Congress, and
                        (2) its formulation, consideration, and 
                    enactment of such modifications of or changes in 
                    those laws, and of such additional legislation, as 
                    may be necessary or appropriate, each standing 
                    committee (except the Committees on Appropriations 
                    and the Budget), shall review and study, on a 
                    continuing basis the application, administration, 
                    and execution of those laws, or parts of laws, the 
                    subject matter of which is within the legislative 
                    jurisdiction of that committee. Such committees may 
                    carry out the required analysis, appraisal, and 
                    evaluation themselves, or by contract, or may 
                    require a government agency to do so and furnish a 
                    report thereon to the Senate. Such committees may 
                    rely on such techniques as pilot testing, analysis 
                    of costs in comparison with benefits, or provision 
                    for evaluation after a defined period of time.
     26.8b      (b) In each odd-numbered year, each such committee shall 
            submit, not later than March 31, to the Senate, a report on 
            the activities of that committee under this paragraph during 
            the Congress ending at noon on January 3 of such year.
     26.9a      9.\33\ (a) Except as provided in subparagraph (b), each 
            committee shall report one authorization resolution each 
            year authorizing the committee to make expenditures out of 
            the contingent fund of the Senate to defray its expenses, 
            including the compensation of members of its staff and 
            agency contributions related to such compensation, during 
            the period beginning on March 1 of such year and ending on 
            the last day of February of the following year. Such annual 
            authorization resolution shall be reported not later than 
            January 31 of each year, except that, whenever the 
            designation of members of standing committees of the Senate 
            occurs during the first session of a Congress at a date 
            later than January 20, such resolution may be reported at 
            any time within thirty days after the date on which the 
            designation of such members is completed. After the annual 
            authorization resolution of a committee for a year has been 
            agreed to, such committee may procure authorization to make 
            additional expenditures out of the contingent

[[Page 48]]

            fund of the Senate during that year only by reporting a 
            supplemental authorization resolution. Each supplemental 
            authorization resolution reported by a committee shall amend 
            the annual authorization resolution of such committee for 
            that year and shall be accompanied by a report specifying 
            with particularity the purpose for which such authorization 
            is sought and the reason why such authorization could not 
            have been sought at the time of the submission by such 
            committee of its annual authorization resolution for that 
            year.
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                \33\ As amended by S. Res. 281, 96-2, Mar. 11, 1980, 
            effective Jan. 1, 1981; S. Res. 479, 100-2, Sept. 30, 1988.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     26.9b      (b) In lieu of the procedure provided in subparagraph 
            (a), the Committee on Rules and Administration may--
                        (1) direct each committee to report an 
                    authorization resolution for a two year budget 
                    period beginning on March 1 of the first session of 
                    a Congress; and
                        (2) report one authorization resolution 
                    containing more than one committee authorization for 
                    a one year or two year budget period.

    26.10a      10. (a) All committee hearings, records, data, charts, 
            and files shall be kept separate and distinct from the 
            congressional office records of the Member serving as 
            chairman of the committee; and such records shall be the 
            property of the Senate and all members of the committee and 
            the Senate shall have access to such records. Each committee 
            is authorized to have printed and bound such testimony and 
            other data presented at hearings held by the committee.
    26.10b      (b) It shall be the duty of the chairman of each 
            committee to report or cause to be reported promptly to the 
            Senate any measure approved by his committee and to take or 
            cause to be taken necessary steps to bring the matter to a 
            vote. In any event, the report of any committee upon a 
            measure which has been approved by the committee shall be 
            filed within seven calendar days (exclusive of days on which 
            the Senate is not in session) after the day on which there 
            has been filed with the clerk of the committee a written and 
            signed request of a majority of the committee for the 
            reporting of that measure. Upon the filing of any such 
            request, the clerk of the committee shall transmit 
            immediately to the chairman of the committee notice of the 
            filing of that request. This subparagraph does not apply to 
            the Committee on Appropriations.
    26.10c      (c) If at the time of approval of a measure or matter by 
            any committee (except for the Committee on Appropriations), 
            any member of the committee gives notice of inten

[[Page 49]]

            tion to file supplemental, minority, or additional views, 
            that member shall be entitled to not less than three 
            calendar days in which to file such views, in writing, with 
            the clerk of the committee. All such views so filed by one 
            or more members of the committee shall be included within, 
            and shall be a part of, the report filed by the committee 
            with respect to that measure or matter. The report of the 
            committee upon that measure or matter shall be printed in a 
            single volume which--
                        (1) shall include all supplemental, minority, or 
                    additional views which have been submitted by the 
                    time of the filing of the report, and
                        (2) shall bear upon its cover a recital that 
                    supplemental, minority, or additional views are 
                    included as part of the report.

                This subparagraph does not preclude--
                        (A) the immediate filing and printing of a 
                    committee report unless timely request for the 
                    opportunity to file supplemental, minority, or 
                    additional views has been made as provided by this 
                    subparagraph; or
                        (B) the filing by any such committee of any 
                    supplemental report upon any measure or matter which 
                    may be required for the correction of any technical 
                    error in a previous report made by that committee 
                    upon that measure or matter.
    26.11a      11. (a) The report accompanying each bill or joint 
            resolution of a public character reported by any committee 
            (except the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on 
            the Budget) shall contain--
                        (1) an estimate, made by such committee, of the 
                    costs which would be incurred in carrying out such 
                    bill or joint resolution in the fiscal year in which 
                    it is reported and in each of the five fiscal years 
                    following such fiscal year (or for the authorized 
                    duration of any program authorized by such bill or 
                    joint resolution, if less than five years), except 
                    that, in the case of measures affecting the 
                    revenues, such reports shall require only an 
                    estimate of the gain or loss in revenues for a one-
                    year period; and
                        (2) a comparison of the estimate of costs 
                    described in subparagraph (1) made by such committee 
                    with any estimate of costs made by any Federal 
                    agency; or

[[Page 50]]

                        (3) in lieu of such estimate or comparison, or 
                    both, a statement of the reasons why compliance by 
                    the committee with the requirements of subparagraph 
                    (1) or (2), or both, is impracticable.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Note.--Each report accompanying any bill or joint 
            resolution relating to terms and conditions of employment or 
            access to public services or accommodations reported by a 
            committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate 
            shall describe the manner in which the provisions of the 
            bill or joint resolution apply to the legislative branch; or 
            in the case of a provision not applicable to the legislative 
            branch, include a statement of the reasons the provision 
            does not apply. 
            (Pub. L. 104-1, Title I, Sec. 102, Jan. 23, 1995, 2 U.S.C. 
            1302.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    26.11b      (b) Each such report (except those by the Committee on 
            Appropriations) shall also contain--
                        (1) an evaluation, made by such committee, of 
                    the regulatory impact which would be incurred in 
                    carrying out the bill or joint resolution. The 
                    evaluation shall include (A) an estimate of the 
                    numbers of individuals and businesses who would be 
                    regulated and a determination of the groups and 
                    classes of such individuals and businesses, (B) a 
                    determination of the economic impact of such 
                    regulation on the individuals, consumers, and 
                    businesses affected, (C) a determination of the 
                    impact on the personal privacy of the individuals 
                    affected, and (D) a determination of the amount of 
                    additional paperwork that will result from the 
                    regulations to be promulgated pursuant to the bill 
                    or joint resolution, which determination may 
                    include, but need not be limited to, estimates of 
                    the amount of time and financial costs required of 
                    affected parties, showing whether the effects of the 
                    bill or joint resolution could be substantial, as 
                    well as reasonable estimates of the recordkeeping 
                    requirements that may be associated with the bill or 
                    joint resolution; or
                        (2) in lieu of such evaluation, a statement of 
                    the reasons why compliance by the committee with the 
                    requirements of clause (1) is impracticable.

    26.11c      (c) It shall not be in order for the Senate to consider 
            any such bill or joint resolution if the report of the 
            committee on such bill or joint resolution does not comply 
            with the provisions of subparagraphs (a) and (b) on the 
            objection of any Senator.
     26.12      12. Whenever a committee reports a bill or a joint 
            resolution repealing or amending any statute or part thereof 
            it shall make a report thereon and shall include in such 
            report or in an accompanying document (to be prepared by

[[Page 51]]

            the staff of such committee) (a) the text of the statute or 
            part thereof which is proposed to be repealed; and (b) a 
            comparative print of that part of the bill or joint 
            resolution making the amendment and of the statute or part 
            thereof proposed to be amended, showing by stricken-through 
            type and italics, parallel columns, or other appropriate 
            typographical devices the omissions and insertions which 
            would be made by the bill or joint resolution if enacted in 
            the form recommended by the committee. This paragraph shall 
            not apply to any such report in which it is stated that, in 
            the opinion of the committee, it is necessary to dispense 
            with the requirements of this subsection to expedite the 
            business of the Senate.
    26.13a      13. (a) Each committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) which has legislative jurisdiction shall, in 
            its consideration of all bills and joint resolutions of a 
            public character within its jurisdiction, endeavor to insure 
            that--
                        (1) all continuing programs of the Federal 
                    Government and of the government of the District of 
                    Columbia, within the jurisdiction of such committee 
                    or joint committee, are designed; and
                        (2) all continuing activities of Federal 
                    agencies, within the jurisdiction of such committee 
                    or joint committee, are carried on; so that, to the 
                    extent consistent with the nature, requirements, and 
                    objectives of those programs and activities, 
                    appropriations therefor will be made annually.
    26.13b      (b) Each committee (except the Committee on 
            Appropriations) shall with respect to any continuing program 
            within its jurisdiction for which appropriations are not 
            made annually, review such program, from time to time, in 
            order to ascertain whether such program could be modified so 
            that appropriations therefor would be made annually.

        27                           RULE XXVII

                                   COMMITTEE STAFF

      27.1      1.\34\ Staff members appointed to assist minority 
            members of committees pursuant to authority of a resolution 
            described in paragraph 9 of rule XXVI or other Senate 
            resolution shall be accorded equitable treatment with 
            respect to

[[Page 52]]

            the fixing of salary rates, the assignment of facilities, 
            and the accessibility of committee records.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \34\ As amended by S. Res. 281, 96-2, Mar. 11, 1980, 
            effective Feb. 28, 1981, paragraph 1 of rule XXVII was 
            repealed. Accordingly, subparagraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) 
            of paragraph 2 were renumbered as paragraphs 1, 2, 3, and 4, 
            respectively.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

      27.2      2. The minority shall receive fair consideration in the 
            appointment of staff personnel pursuant to authority of a 
            resolution described in paragraph 9 of rule XXVI.
      27.3      3. The staffs of committees (including personnel 
            appointed pursuant to authority of a resolution described in 
            paragraph 9 of rule XXVI or other Senate resolution) should 
            reflect the relative number of majority and minority members 
            of committees. A majority of the minority members of any 
            committee may, by resolution, request that at least one-
            third of all funds of the committee for personnel (other 
            than those funds determined by the chairman and ranking 
            minority member to be allocated for the administrative and 
            clerical functions of the committee as a whole) be allocated 
            to the minority members of such committee for compensation 
            of minority staff as the minority members may decide. The 
            committee shall thereafter adjust its budget to comply with 
            such resolution. Such adjustment shall be equitably made 
            over a four-year period, commencing July 1, 1977, with not 
            less than one-half being made in two years. Upon request by 
            a majority of the minority members of any committee by 
            resolution, proportionate space, equipment, and facilities 
            shall be provided for such minority staff.
      27.4      4. No committee shall appoint to its staff any experts 
            or other personnel detailed or assigned from any department 
            or agency of the Government, except with the written 
            permission of the Committee on Rules and Administration.

        28                           RULE XXVIII

                    CONFERENCE COMMITTEES; REPORTS; OPEN MEETINGS

      28.1      1.\35\ The presentation of reports of committees of 
            conference shall always be in order when available on each 
            Senator's desk except when the Journal is being read or a 
            question of order or a motion to adjourn is pending, or 
            while the Senate is voting or ascertaining the presence of a 
            quorum; and when received the question of proceeding to the 
            consideration of the report, if raised, shall be immediately 
            put, and shall be determined without debate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \35\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986.

[[Page 53]]


     28.2a      2.\36\ (a) When a message from the House of 
            Representatives is laid before the Senate, it shall be in 
            order for a single, non-divisible motion to be made that 
            includes--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \36\ Paragraph 2 added by S. Res. 16, 113-1, Jan. 24, 
            2013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          (1) a motion to disagree to a House amendment 
                    or insist upon a Senate amendment;
                          (2) a motion to request a committee of 
                    conference with the House or to agree to a request 
                    by the House for a committee of conference; and
                          (3) a motion to authorize the Presiding 
                    Officer to appoint conferees (or a motion to appoint 
                    conferees).
     28.2b      (b) If a cloture motion is presented on a motion made 
            pursuant to subparagraph (a), the motion shall be debatable 
            for no more than 2 hours, equally divided in the usual form, 
            after which the Presiding Officer, or the clerk at the 
            direction of the Presiding Officer, shall lay the motion 
            before the Senate. If cloture is then invoked on the motion, 
            the question shall be on the motion, without further debate.
     28.3a      3. (a) \37\ Conferees shall not insert in their report 
            matter not committed to them by either House, nor shall they 
            strike from the bill matter agreed to by both Houses.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \37\ Paragraphs 3 and 4 amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007, and paragraphs 5 and 6 were added. Paragraphs 3 
            through 6 renumbered and amended by S. Res. 16, 113-1, Jan. 
            24, 2013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     28.3b      (b) If matter which was agreed to by both Houses is 
            stricken from the bill a point of order may be made against 
            the report, and if the point of order is sustained, the 
            report is rejected or shall be recommitted to the committee 
            of conference if the House of Representatives has not 
            already acted thereon.
     28.3c      (c) If new matter is inserted in the report, a point of 
            order may be made against the conference report and it shall 
            be disposed of as provided under paragraph 5.
     28.4a      4. (a) In any case in which a disagreement to an 
            amendment in the nature of a substitute has been referred to 
            conferees--
                        (1) it shall be in order for the conferees to 
                    report a substitute on the same subject matter;
                        (2) the conferees may not include in the report 
                    matter not committed to them by either House; and
                        (3) the conferees may include in their report in 
                    any such case matter which is a germane modification 
                    of subjects in disagreement.
     28.4b      (b) In any case in which the conferees violate 
            subparagraph (a), a point of order may be made against the 
            con

[[Page 54]]

            ference report and it shall be disposed of as provided under 
            paragraph 5.
     28.5a      5. (a) A Senator may raise a point of order that one or 
            more provisions of a conference report violates paragraph 3 
            or paragraph 4, as the case may be. The Presiding Officer 
            may sustain the point of order as to some or all of the 
            provisions against which the Senator raised the point of 
            order.
     28.5b      (b) If the Presiding Officer sustains the point of order 
            as to any of the provisions against which the Senator raised 
            the point of order, then those provisions against which the 
            Presiding Officer sustains the point of order shall be 
            stricken. After all other points of order under this 
            paragraph have been disposed of--
                        (1) the Senate shall proceed to consider the 
                    question of whether the Senate should recede from 
                    its amendment to the House bill, or its disagreement 
                    to the amendment of the House, and concur with a 
                    further amendment, which further amendment shall 
                    consist of only that portion of the conference 
                    report that has not been stricken;
                        (2) the question in clause (1) shall be decided 
                    under the same debate limitation as the conference 
                    report; and
                        (3) no further amendment shall be in order.

     28.6a      6. (a) Any Senator may move to waive any or all points 
            of order under paragraph 3 or 4 with respect to the pending 
            conference report by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of 
            the Members, duly chosen and sworn. All motions to waive 
            under this paragraph shall be debatable collectively for not 
            to exceed 1 hour equally divided between the Majority Leader 
            and the Minority Leader or their designees. A motion to 
            waive all points of order under this paragraph shall not be 
            amendable.
     28.6b      (b) All appeals from rulings of the Chair under 
            paragraph 5 shall be debatable collectively for not to 
            exceed 1 hour, equally divided between the Majority and the 
            Minority Leader or their designees. An affirmative vote of 
            three-fifths of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and 
            sworn, shall be required in the Senate to sustain an appeal 
            of the ruling of the Chair under paragraph 5.

[[Page 55]]


      28.7      7.\38\ Each report made by a committee of conference to 
            the Senate shall be printed as a report of the Senate. As so 
            printed, such report shall be accompanied by an explanatory 
            statement prepared jointly by the conferees on the part of 
            the House and the conferees on the part of the Senate. Such 
            statement shall be sufficiently detailed and explicit to 
            inform the Senate as to the effect which the amendments or 
            propositions contained in such report will have upon the 
            measure to which those amendments or propositions relate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \38\ Paragraphs 7 through 9 renumbered by Pub. L. 110-
            81, Sep. 14, 2007, and paragraph 10 was added. Paragraphs 7 
            through 10 renumbered by S. Res. 16, 113-1, Jan. 24, 2013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      28.8      8. If time for debate in the consideration of any report 
            of a committee of conference upon the floor of the Senate is 
            limited, the time allotted for debate shall be equally 
            divided between the majority party and the minority party.
      28.9      9. Each conference committee between the Senate and the 
            House of Representatives shall be open to the public except 
            when managers of either the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives in open session determine by a rollcall vote 
            of a majority of those managers present, that all or part of 
            the remainder of the meeting on the day of the vote shall be 
            closed to the public.
    28.10a      10. (a)(1) It shall not be in order to vote on the 
            adoption of a report of a committee of conference unless 
            such report has been available to Members and to the general 
            public for at least 48 hours before such vote. If a point of 
            order is sustained under this paragraph, then the conference 
            report shall be set aside.
                (2) For purposes of this paragraph, a report of a 
            committee of conference is made available to the general 
            public as of the time it is posted on a publicly accessible 
            website controlled by a Member, committee, Library of 
            Congress, or other office of Congress, or the Government 
            Printing Office, as reported to the Presiding Officer by the 
            Secretary of the Senate.
    28.10b      (b)(1) This paragraph may be waived in the Senate with 
            respect to the pending conference report by an affirmative 
            vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. 
            A motion to waive this paragraph shall be debatable for not 
            to exceed 1 hour equally divided between the Majority Leader 
            and the Minority Leader or their designees.
                (2) An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, 
            duly chosen and sworn, shall be required to sustain an

[[Page 56]]

            appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised 
            under this paragraph. An appeal of the ruling of the Chair 
            shall be debatable for not to exceed 1 hour equally divided 
            between the Majority and the Minority Leader or their 
            designees.
    28.10c      (c) This paragraph may be waived by joint agreement of 
            the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader of the Senate, 
            upon their certification that such waiver is necessary as a 
            result of a significant disruption to Senate facilities or 
            to the availability of the Internet.

        29                            RULE XXIX

                                 EXECUTIVE SESSIONS

      29.1      1. When the President of the United States shall meet 
            the Senate in the Senate Chamber for the consideration of 
            Executive business, he shall have a seat on the right of the 
            Presiding Officer. When the Senate shall be convened by the 
            President of the United States to any other place, the 
            Presiding Officer of the Senate and the Senators shall 
            attend at the place appointed, with the necessary officers 
            of the Senate.
      29.2      2. When acting upon confidential or Executive business, 
            unless the same shall be considered in open Executive 
            session, the Senate Chamber shall be cleared of all persons 
            except the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary, the Principal 
            Legislative Clerk, the Parliamentarian, the Executive Clerk, 
            the Minute and Journal Clerk, the Sergeant at Arms, the 
            Secretaries to the Majority and the Minority, and such other 
            officers as the Presiding Officer shall think necessary; and 
            all such officers shall be sworn to secrecy.
      29.3      3. All confidential communications made by the President 
            of the United States to the Senate shall be by the Senators 
            and the officers of the Senate kept secret; and all treaties 
            which may be laid before the Senate, and all remarks, votes, 
            and proceedings thereon shall also be kept secret, until the 
            Senate shall, by their resolution, take off the injunction 
            of secrecy.
      29.4      4. Whenever the injunction of secrecy shall be removed 
            from any part of the proceedings of the Senate in closed 
            Executive or legislative session, the order of the Senate 
            removing the same shall be entered in the Legislative 
            Journal as well as in the Executive Journal, and shall be 
            published in the Congressional Record under the direction of 
            the Secretary of the Senate.

[[Page 57]]


      29.5      5.\39\ Any Senator, officer or employee of the Senate 
            who shall disclose the secret or confidential business or 
            proceedings of the Senate, including the business and 
            proceedings of the committees, subcommittees and offices of 
            the Senate shall be liable, if a Senator, to suffer 
            expulsion from the body; and if an officer or employee, to 
            dismissal from the service of the Senate, and to punishment 
            for contempt.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \39\ As amended by S. Res. 363, 102-2, Oct. 8, 1992.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      29.6      6. Whenever, by the request of the Senate or any 
            committee thereof, any documents or papers shall be 
            communicated to the Senate by the President or the head of 
            any department relating to any matter pending in the Senate, 
            the proceedings in regard to which are secret or 
            confidential under the rules, said documents and papers 
            shall be considered as confidential, and shall not be 
            disclosed without leave of the Senate.

        30                            RULE XXX

                     EXECUTIVE SESSION--PROCEEDINGS ON TREATIES

     30.1a      1. (a) When a treaty shall be laid before the Senate for 
            ratification, it shall be read a first time; and no motion 
            in respect to it shall be in order, except to refer it to a 
            committee, to print it in confidence for the use of the 
            Senate, or to remove the injunction of secrecy.
     30.1b      (b) \40\ When a treaty is reported from a committee with 
            or without amendment, it shall, unless the Senate 
            unanimously otherwise directs, lie over one day for 
            consideration; after which it may be read a second time, 
            after which amendments may be proposed. At any stage of such 
            proceedings the Senate may remove the injunction of secrecy 
            from the treaty.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \40\ As amended by S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     30.1c      (c) The decisions thus made shall be reduced to the form 
            of a resolution of ratification, with or without amendments, 
            as the case may be, which shall be proposed on a subsequent 
            day, unless, by unanimous consent, the Senate determine 
            otherwise, at which stage no amendment to the treaty shall 
            be received unless by unanimous consent; but the resolution 
            of ratification when pending shall be open to amendment in 
            the form of reservations, declarations, statements, or 
            understandings.
     30.1d      (d) On the final question to advise and consent to the 
            ratification in the form agreed to, the concurrence of two-

[[Page 58]]

            thirds of the Senators present shall be necessary to 
            determine it in the affirmative; but all other motions and 
            questions upon a treaty shall be decided by a majority vote, 
            except a motion to postpone indefinitely, which shall be 
            decided by a vote of two-thirds.
      30.2      2. Treaties transmitted by the President to the Senate 
            for ratification shall be resumed at the second or any 
            subsequent session of the same Congress at the stage in 
            which they were left at the final adjournment of the session 
            at which they were transmitted; but all proceedings on 
            treaties shall terminate with the Congress, and they shall 
            be resumed at the commencement of the next Congress as if no 
            proceedings had previously been had thereon.

        31                            RULE XXXI

                    EXECUTIVE SESSION--PROCEEDINGS ON NOMINATIONS

      31.1      1. When nominations shall be made by the President of 
            the United States to the Senate, they shall, unless 
            otherwise ordered, be referred to appropriate committees; 
            and the final question on every nomination shall be, ``Will 
            the Senate advise and consent to this nomination?'' which 
            question shall not be put on the same day on which the 
            nomination is received, nor on the day on which it may be 
            reported by a committee, unless by unanimous consent.
      31.2      2. All business in the Senate shall be transacted in 
            open session, unless the Senate as provided in rule XXI by a 
            majority vote shall determine that a particular nomination, 
            treaty, or other matter shall be considered in closed 
            executive session, in which case all subsequent proceedings 
            with respect to said nomination, treaty, or other matter 
            shall be kept secret: Provided, That the injunction of 
            secrecy as to the whole or any part of proceedings in closed 
            executive session may be removed on motion adopted by a 
            majority vote of the Senate in closed executive session: 
            Provided further, That any Senator may make public his vote 
            in closed executive session.
      31.3      3. When a nomination is confirmed or rejected, any 
            Senator voting in the majority may move for a 
            reconsideration on the same day on which the vote was taken, 
            or on either of the next two days of actual executive 
            session of the Senate; but if a notification of the 
            confirmation or rejection of a nomination shall have been 
            sent to the President before the expiration of the time 
            within which a motion to reconsider may be made, the motion 
            to reconsider shall

[[Page 59]]

            be accompanied by a motion to request the President to 
            return such notification to the Senate. Any motion to 
            reconsider the vote on a nomination may be laid on the table 
            without prejudice to the nomination, and shall be a final 
            disposition of such motion.
      31.4      4. Nominations confirmed or rejected by the Senate shall 
            not be returned by the Secretary to the President until the 
            expiration of the time limited for making a motion to 
            reconsider the same, or while a motion to reconsider is 
            pending unless otherwise ordered by the Senate.
      31.5      5. When the Senate shall adjourn or take a recess for 
            more than thirty days, all motions to reconsider a vote upon 
            a nomination which has been confirmed or rejected by the 
            Senate, which shall be pending at the time of taking such 
            adjournment or recess, shall fall; and the Secretary shall 
            return all such nominations to the President as confirmed or 
            rejected by the Senate, as the case may be.
      31.6      6. Nominations neither confirmed nor rejected during the 
            session at which they are made shall not be acted upon at 
            any succeeding session without being again made to the 
            Senate by the President; and if the Senate shall adjourn or 
            take a recess for more than thirty days, all nominations 
            pending and not finally acted upon at the time of taking 
            such adjournment or recess shall be returned by the 
            Secretary to the President, and shall not again be 
            considered unless they shall again be made to the Senate by 
            the President.
     31.7a      7. (a) The Official Reporters shall be furnished with a 
            list of nominations to office after the proceedings of the 
            day on which they are received, and a like list of all 
            confirmations and rejections.
     31.7b      (b) All nominations to office shall be prepared for the 
            printer by the Official Reporter, and printed in the 
            Congressional Record, after the proceedings of the day in 
            which they are received, also nominations recalled, and 
            confirmed.
     31.7c      (c) The Secretary shall furnish to the press, and to the 
            public upon request, the names of nominees confirmed or 
            rejected on the day on which a final vote shall be had, 
            except when otherwise ordered by the Senate.


[[Page 60]]

        32                           RULE XXXII

            THE PRESIDENT FURNISHED WITH COPIES OF RECORDS OF EXECUTIVE 
                                      SESSIONS

                The President of the United States shall, from time to 
            time, be furnished with an authenticated transcript of the 
            public executive records of the Senate, but no further 
            extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished by the 
            Secretary, except by special order of the Senate; and no 
            paper, except original treaties transmitted to the Senate by 
            the President of the United States, and finally acted upon 
            by the Senate, shall be delivered from the office of the 
            Secretary without an order of the Senate for that purpose.

        33                           RULE XXXIII

                     SENATE CHAMBER--SENATE WING OF THE CAPITOL

      33.1      1. The Senate Chamber shall not be granted for any other 
            purpose than for the use of the Senate; no smoking shall be 
            permitted at any time on the floor of the Senate, or lighted 
            cigars, cigarettes, or pipes be brought into the Chamber.
      33.2      2. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration to make all rules and regulations respecting 
            such parts of the Capitol, its passages and galleries, 
            including the restaurant and the Senate Office Buildings, as 
            are or may be set apart for the use of the Senate and its 
            officers, to be enforced under the direction of the 
            Presiding Officer. The Committee shall make such regulations 
            respecting the reporters' galleries of the Senate, together 
            with the adjoining rooms and facilities, as will confine 
            their occupancy and use to bona fide reporters of newspapers 
            and periodicals, and of news or press associations for daily 
            news dissemination through radio, television, wires, and 
            cables, and similar media of transmission. These regulations 
            shall so provide for the use of such space and facilities as 
            fairly to distribute their use to all such media of news 
            dissemination.

        34                           RULE XXXIV

                             PUBLIC FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

      34.1      1. For purposes of this rule, the provisions of Title I 
            of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 shall be deemed to

[[Page 61]]

            be a rule of the Senate as it pertains to Members, officers, 
            and employees of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Note.--Financial disclosure requirements contained in 
            the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 as amended are codified 
            at 5 U.S.C. app. Sec. 101--111.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     34.2a      2. (a) \41\ The Select Committee on Ethics shall 
            transmit a copy of each report filed with it under Title I 
            of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (other than a report 
            filed by a Member of Congress) to the head of the employing 
            office of the individual filing the report.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \41\ Paragraph 2 added by S. Res. 236, 101-2, Jan. 30, 
            1990.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     34.2b      (b) For purposes of this rule, the head of the employing 
            office shall be--
                        (1) in the case of an employee of a Member, the 
                    Member by whom that person is employed;
                        (2) in the case of an employee of a Committee, 
                    the chairman and ranking minority member of such 
                    Committee;
                        (3) in the case of an employee on the leadership 
                    staff, the Member of the leadership on whose staff 
                    such person serves; and
                        (4) in the case of any other employee of the 
                    legislative branch, the head of the office in which 
                    such individual serves.
      34.3      3.\42\ In addition to the requirements of paragraph 1, 
            Members, officers, and employees of the Senate shall include 
            in each report filed under paragraph 1\43\ the following 
            additional information:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \42\ Paragraphs 3 and 4 added by S. Res. 158, 104-1, 
            July 28, 1995, effective Jan. 1, 1996, as amended by S. Res. 
            198, 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.
                \43\ Renumbered by S. Res. 198, 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     34.3a
                      
                        (a) For purposes of section 102(a)(1)(B) of the 
                    Ethics in Government Act of 1978 additional 
                    categories of income as follows:
                                (1) greater than $1,000,000 but not more 
                            than $5,000,000, or
                                (2) greater than $5,000,000.
     34.3b
                      
                        (b) For purposes of section 102(d)(1) of the 
                    Ethics in Government Act of 1978 additional 
                    categories of value\44\ as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \44\ Amended to strike ``income'' and insert ``value'' 
            by S. Res. 198; 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                (1) greater than $1,000,000 but not more 
                            than $5,000,000;
                                (2) greater than $5,000,000 but not more 
                            than $25,000,000;

[[Page 62]]

                                (3) greater than $25,000,000 but not 
                            more than $50,000,000; and
                                (4) greater than $50,000,000.
     34.3c
                      
                        (c) For purposes of this paragraph and section 
                    102 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, 
                    additional categories with amounts or values greater 
                    than $1,000,000 set forth in section 102(a)(1)(B) 
                    and 102(d)(1) shall apply to the income, assets, or 
                    liabilities of spouses and dependent children only 
                    if the income, assets, or liabilities are held 
                    jointly with the reporting individual. All other 
                    income, assets, or liabilities of the spouse or 
                    dependent children required to be reported under 
                    section 102 and this paragraph in an amount of value 
                    greater than $1,000,000 shall be categorized only as 
                    an amount or value greater than $1,000,000.

      34.4      4.\45\ In addition to the requirements of paragraph 1, 
            Members, officers, and employees of the Senate shall include 
            in each report filed under paragraph 1 \46\ an additional 
            statement under section 102(a) of the Ethics in Government 
            Act of 1978 listing the category of the total cash value of 
            any interest of the reporting individual in a qualified 
            blind trust as provided in section 102(d)(1) of the Ethics 
            in Government Act of 1978, unless the trust instrument was 
            executed prior to July 24, 1995 and precludes the 
            beneficiary from receiving information on the total cash 
            value of any interest in the qualified blind trust.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \45\ Effective with respect to reports filed under Title 
            I of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 for calendar year 
            1996 and thereafter.
                \46\ Renumbered by S. Res. 198, 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.

        35                            RULE XXXV

                                     GIFTS \47\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \47\ Amended by S. Res. 158, 104-1, July 28, 1995, 
            effective Jan. 1, 1996.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     35.1a      1. (a)(1) No Member, officer, or employee of the Senate 
            shall knowingly accept a gift except as provided in this 
            rule.
                (2)(A) \48\ A Member, officer, or employee may accept a 
            gift (other than cash or cash equivalent) which the Member, 
            officer, or employee reasonably and in good faith believes 
            to have a value of less than $50, and a cumulative value 
            from one source during a calendar year of less than $100. No 
            gift with a value below $10 shall count toward

[[Page 63]]

            the $100 annual limit. No formal recordkeeping is required 
            by this paragraph, but a Member, officer, or employee shall 
            make a good faith effort to comply with this paragraph.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \48\ Subclause (A) relettered and subclause (B) added by 
            Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (B) A Member, officer, or employee may not knowingly 
            accept a gift from a registered lobbyist, an agent of a 
            foreign principal, or a private entity that retains or 
            employs a registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign 
            principal, except as provided in subparagraphs (c) and (d).
     35.1b      (b)(1) For the purpose of this rule, the term ``gift'' 
            means any gratuity, favor, discount, entertainment, 
            hospitality, loan, forbearance, or other item having 
            monetary value. The term includes gifts of services, 
            training, transportation, lodging, and meals, whether 
            provided in kind, by purchase of a ticket, payment in 
            advance, or reimbursement after the expense has been 
            incurred.
                (2)(A) A gift to a family member of a Member, officer, 
            or employee, or a gift to any other individual based on that 
            individual's relationship with the Member, officer, or 
            employee, shall be considered a gift to the Member, officer, 
            or employee if it is given with the knowledge and 
            acquiescence of the Member, officer, or employee and the 
            Member, officer, or employee has reason to believe the gift 
            was given because of the official position of the Member, 
            officer, or employee.
                (B) If food or refreshment is provided at the same time 
            and place to both a Member, officer, or employee and the 
            spouse or dependent thereof, only the food or refreshment 
            provided to the Member, officer, or employee shall be 
            treated as a gift for purposes of this rule.
     35.1c      (c) The restrictions in subparagraph (a) shall not apply 
            to the following:
                        (1)(A) \49\ Anything for which the Member, 
                    officer, or employee pays the market value, or does 
                    not use and promptly returns to the donor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \49\ Subclause (A) renumbered and subclause (B) added by 
            Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (B) The market value of a ticket to an 
                    entertainment or sporting event shall be the face 
                    value of the ticket or, in the case of a ticket 
                    without a face value, the value of the ticket with 
                    the highest face value for the event, except that if 
                    a ticket holder can establish in advance of the 
                    event to the Select Committee on Ethics that the 
                    ticket at issue is equivalent to another ticket with 
                    a face value, then the

[[Page 64]]

                    market value shall be set at the face value of the 
                    equivalent ticket. In establishing equivalency, the 
                    ticket holder shall provide written and 
                    independently verifiable information related to the 
                    primary features of the ticket, including, at a 
                    minimum, the seat location, access to parking, 
                    availability of food and refreshments, and access to 
                    venue areas not open to the public. The Select 
                    Committee on Ethics may make a determination of 
                    equivalency only if such information is provided in 
                    advance of the event.
                        (C)(i) \50\ Fair market value for a flight on an 
                    aircraft described in item (ii) shall be the pro 
                    rata share of the fair market value of the normal 
                    and usual charter fare or rental charge for a 
                    comparable plane of comparable size, as determined 
                    by dividing such cost by the number of Members, 
                    officers, or employees of Congress on the flight.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \50\ Subclause (C) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (ii) A flight on an aircraft described in this 
                    item is any flight on an aircraft that is not--
                                (I) operated or paid for by an air 
                            carrier or commercial operator certificated 
                            by the Federal Aviation Administration and 
                            required to be conducted under air carrier 
                            safety rules; or
                                (II) in the case of travel which is 
                            abroad, an air carrier or commercial 
                            operator certificated by an appropriate 
                            foreign civil aviation authority and the 
                            flight is required to be conducted under air 
                            carrier safety rules.
                        (iii) This subclause shall not apply to an 
                    aircraft owned or leased by a governmental entity or 
                    by a Member of Congress or a Member's immediate 
                    family member (including an aircraft owned by an 
                    entity that is not a public corporation in which the 
                    Member or Member's immediate family member has an 
                    ownership interest), provided that the Member does 
                    not use the aircraft any more than the Member's or 
                    immediate family member's proportionate share of 
                    ownership allows.
                        (2) A contribution, as defined in the Federal 
                    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) 
                    \51\ that is lawfully made under that Act, or 
                    attendance at a fundraising event sponsored by a 
                    political organi

[[Page 65]]

                    zation described in section 527(e) of the Internal 
                    Revenue Code of 1986.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \51\ 2 U.S.C. 431 et seq. was recodified as 52 U.S.C. 
            30101 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (3) A gift from a relative as described in 
                    section 109(16) of Title I of the Ethics Reform Act 
                    of 1989 (5 U.S.C. App. 6).\52\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \52\ As amended by S. Res. 198, 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (4)(A) Anything, including personal 
                    hospitality,\53\ provided by an individual on the 
                    basis of a personal friendship unless the Member, 
                    officer, or employee has reason to believe that, 
                    under the circumstances, the gift was provided 
                    because of the official position of the Member, 
                    officer, or employee and not because of the personal 
                    friendship.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \53\ The phrase ``including personal hospitality'' 
            inserted by S. Res. 198, 104-1, Dec. 7, 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (B) In determining whether a gift is provided on 
                    the basis of personal friendship, the Member, 
                    officer, or employee shall consider the 
                    circumstances under which the gift was offered, such 
                    as:
                                (i) The history of the relationship 
                            between the individual giving the gift and 
                            the recipient of the gift, including any 
                            previous exchange of gifts between such 
                            individuals.
                                (ii) Whether to the actual knowledge of 
                            the Member, officer, or employee the 
                            individual who gave the gift personally paid 
                            for the gift or sought a tax deduction or 
                            business reimbursement for the gift.
                                (iii) Whether to the actual knowledge of 
                            the Member, officer, or employee the 
                            individual who gave the gift also at the 
                            same time gave the same or similar gifts to 
                            other Members, officers, or employees.
                        (5) A contribution or other payment to a legal 
                    expense fund established for the benefit of a 
                    Member, officer, or employee, that is otherwise 
                    lawfully made, subject to the disclosure 
                    requirements of the Select Committee on Ethics, 
                    except as provided in paragraph 3(c).
                        (6) Any gift from another Member, officer, or 
                    employee of the Senate or the House of 
                    Representatives.
                        (7) Food, refreshments, lodging, and other 
                    benefits--
                                (A) resulting from the outside business 
                            or employment activities (or other outside 
                            activities

[[Page 66]]

                            that are not connected to the duties of the 
                            Member, officer, or employee as an 
                            officeholder) of the Member, officer or 
                            employee, or the spouse of the Member, 
                            officer, or employee, if such benefits have 
                            not been offered or enhanced because of the 
                            official position of the Member, officer, or 
                            employee and are customarily provided to 
                            others in similar circumstances;
                                (B) customarily provided by a 
                            prospective employer in connection with bona 
                            fide employment discussions; or
                                (C) provided by a political organization 
                            described in section 527(e) of the Internal 
                            Revenue Code of 1986 in connection with a 
                            fundraising or campaign event sponsored by 
                            such an organization.
                        (8) Pension and other benefits resulting from 
                    continued participation in an employee welfare and 
                    benefits plan maintained by a former employer.
                        (9) Informational materials that are sent to the 
                    office of the Member, officer, or employee in the 
                    form of books, articles, periodicals, other written 
                    materials, audiotapes, videotapes, or other forms of 
                    communication.
                        (10) Awards or prizes which are given to 
                    competitors in contests or events open to the 
                    public, including random drawings.
                        (11) Honorary degrees (and associated travel, 
                    food, refreshments, and entertainment) and other 
                    bona fide, nonmonetary awards presented in 
                    recognition of public service (and associated food, 
                    refreshments, and entertainment provided in the 
                    presentation of such degrees and awards).
                        (12) Donations of products from the State that 
                    the Member represents that are intended primarily 
                    for promotional purposes, such as display or free 
                    distribution, and are of minimal value to any 
                    individual recipient.
                        (13) Training (including food and refreshments 
                    furnished to all attendees as an integral part of 
                    the training) provided to a Member, officer, or 
                    employee, if such training is in the interest of the 
                    Senate.
                        (14) Bequests, inheritances, and other transfers 
                    at death.

[[Page 67]]

                        (15) Any item, the receipt of which is 
                    authorized by the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act, 
                    the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act, or 
                    any other statute.
                        (16) Anything which is paid for by the Federal 
                    Government, by a State or local government, or 
                    secured by the Government under a Government 
                    contract.
                        (17) A gift of personal hospitality (as defined 
                    in section 109(14) of the Ethics in Government Act) 
                    of an individual other than a registered lobbyist or 
                    agent of a foreign principal.
                        (18) Free attendance at a widely attended event 
                    permitted pursuant to subparagraph (d).
                        (19) Opportunities and benefits which are--
                                (A) available to the public or to a 
                            class consisting of all Federal employees, 
                            whether or not restricted on the basis of 
                            geographic consideration;
                                (B) offered to members of a group or 
                            class in which membership is unrelated to 
                            congressional employment;
                                (C) offered to members of an 
                            organization, such as an employees' 
                            association or congressional credit union, 
                            in which membership is related to 
                            congressional employment and similar 
                            opportunities are available to large 
                            segments of the public through organizations 
                            of similar size;
                                (D) offered to any group or class that 
                            is not defined in a manner that specifically 
                            discriminates among Government employees on 
                            the basis of branch of Government or type of 
                            responsibility, or on a basis that favors 
                            those of higher rank or rate of pay;
                                (E) in the form of loans from banks and 
                            other financial institutions on terms 
                            generally available to the public; or
                                (F) in the form of reduced membership or 
                            other fees for participation in organization 
                            activities offered to all Government 
                            employees by professional organizations if 
                            the only restrictions on membership relate 
                            to professional qualifications.
                        (20) A plaque, trophy, or other item that is 
                    substantially commemorative in nature and which is 
                    intended solely for presentation.

[[Page 68]]


                        (21) Anything for which, in an unusual case, a 
                    waiver is granted by the Select Committee on Ethics.
                        (22) Food or refreshments of a nominal value 
                    offered other than as a part of a meal.
                        (23) An item of little intrinsic value such as a 
                    greeting card, baseball cap, or a T-shirt.
                        (24) \54\ Subject to the restrictions in 
                    subparagraph (a)(2)(A), free attendance at a 
                    constituent event permitted pursuant to subparagraph 
                    (g).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \54\ Clause (24) was added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     35.1d      (d)(1) A Member, officer, or employee may accept an 
            offer of free attendance at a widely attended convention, 
            conference, symposium, forum, panel discussion, dinner, 
            viewing, reception, or similar event, provided by the 
            sponsor of the event, if--
                        (A) the Member, officer, or employee 
                    participates in the event as a speaker or a panel 
                    participant, by presenting information related to 
                    Congress or matters before Congress, or by 
                    performing a ceremonial function appropriate to the 
                    Member's, officer's, or employee's official 
                    position; or
                        (B) attendance at the event is appropriate to 
                    the performance of the official duties or 
                    representative function of the Member, officer, or 
                    employee.
                (2) A Member, officer, or employee who attends an event 
            described in clause (1) may accept a sponsor's unsolicited 
            offer of free attendance at the event for an accompanying 
            individual if others in attendance will generally be 
            similarly accompanied or if such attendance is appropriate 
            to assist in the representation of the Senate.
                (3) A Member, officer, or employee, or the spouse or 
            dependent thereof, may accept a sponsor's unsolicited offer 
            of free attendance at a charity event, except that 
            reimbursement for transportation and lodging may not be 
            accepted in connection with an event that does not meet the 
            standards provided in paragraph 2.
                (4) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``free 
            attendance'' may include waiver of all or part of a 
            conference or other fee, the provision of local 
            transportation, or the provision of food, refreshments, 
            entertainment, and instructional materials furnished to all 
            attendees as an integral part of the event. The term does 
            not include entertainment collateral to the event, nor does 
            it include food or

[[Page 69]]

            refreshments taken other than in a group setting with all or 
            substantially all other attendees.
                (5) \55\ During the dates of the national party 
            convention for the political party to which a Member 
            belongs, a Member may not participate in an event honoring 
            that Member, other than in his or her capacity as the 
            party's presidential or vice presidential nominee or 
            presumptive nominee, if such event is directly paid for by a 
            registered lobbyist or a private entity that retains or 
            employs a registered lobbyist.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \55\ Clause (5) was added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     35.1e      (e) No Member, officer, or employee may accept a gift 
            the value of which exceeds $250 on the basis of the personal 
            friendship exception in subparagraph (c)(4) unless the 
            Select Committee on Ethics issues a written determination 
            that such exception applies. No determination under this 
            subparagraph is required for gifts given on the basis of the 
            family relationship exception.
     35.1f      (f) When it is not practicable to return a tangible item 
            because it is perishable, the item may, at the discretion of 
            the recipient, be given to an appropriate charity or 
            destroyed.
     35.1g      (g)(1) \56\ A Member, officer, or employee may accept an 
            offer of free attendance in the Member's home State at a 
            conference, symposium, forum, panel discussion, dinner 
            event, site visit, viewing, reception, or similar event, 
            provided by a sponsor of the event, if--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \56\ Subparagraph (g) was added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (A) the cost of meals provided the Member, 
                    officer, or employee is less than $50;
                        (B)(i) the event is sponsored by constituents 
                    of, or a group that consists primarily of 
                    constituents of, the Member (or the Member by whom 
                    the officer or employee is employed); and
                        (ii) the event will be attended primarily by a 
                    group of at least 5 constituents of the Member (or 
                    the Member by whom the officer or employee is 
                    employed) provided that a registered lobbyist shall 
                    not attend the event; and
                        (C)(i) the Member, officer, or employee 
                    participates in the event as a speaker or a panel 
                    participant, by presenting information related to 
                    Congress or matters before Congress, or by 
                    performing a ceremonial function appropriate to the 
                    Member's, officer's, or employee's official 
                    position; or

[[Page 70]]

                        (ii) attendance at the event is appropriate to 
                    the performance of the official duties or 
                    representative function of the Member, officer, or 
                    employee.
                (2) A Member, officer, or employee who attends an event 
            described in clause (1) may accept a sponsor's unsolicited 
            offer of free attendance at the event for an accompanying 
            individual if others in attendance will generally be 
            similarly accompanied or if such attendance is appropriate 
            to assist in the representation of the Senate.
                (3) For purposes of this subparagraph, the term `free 
            attendance' has the same meaning given such term in 
            subparagraph (d).
     35.2a      2.\57\ (a)(1)\58\ A reimbursement (including payment in 
            kind) to a Member, officer, or employee from an individual 
            other than a registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign 
            principal or a private entity that retains or employs 1 or 
            more registered lobbyists or agents of a foreign principal 
            for necessary transportation, lodging and related expenses 
            for travel to a meeting, speaking engagement, factfinding 
            trip or similar event in connection with the duties of the 
            Member, officer, or employee as an officeholder shall be 
            deemed to be a reimbursement to the Senate and not a gift 
            prohibited by this rule, if the Member, officer, or employee 
            complies with the requirements of this paragraph.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \57\ Amendments to paragraph 2 by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007, take effect 60 days after enactment or the date 
            that the Select Committee on Ethics issues new guidelines 
            pertaining to this paragraph.
                \58\ Subparagraph (a)(1) was amended by Pub. L. 110-81, 
            Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2)(A) \59\ Notwithstanding clause (1), a reimbursement 
            (including payment in kind) to a Member, officer, or 
            employee of the Senate from an individual, other than a 
            registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign principal, that is 
            a private entity that retains or employs 1 or more 
            registered lobbyists or agents of a foreign principal shall 
            be deemed to be a reimbursement to the Senate under clause 
            (1) if--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \59\ Clause (2) was added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (i) the reimbursement is for necessary 
                    transportation, lodging, and related expenses for 
                    travel to a meeting, speaking engagement, 
                    factfinding trip, or similar event described in 
                    clause (1) in connection with the duties of the 
                    Member, officer, or employee and the reimbursement 
                    is provided only for attendance at or participation 
                    for 1 day (exclusive of travel time and an overnight 
                    stay) at an event described in clause (1); or

[[Page 71]]

                        (ii) the reimbursement is for necessary 
                    transportation, lodging, and related expenses for 
                    travel to a meeting, speaking engagement, 
                    factfinding trip, or similar event described in 
                    clause (1) in connection with the duties of the 
                    Member, officer, or employee and the reimbursement 
                    is from an organization designated under section 
                    501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
                (B) When deciding whether to preapprove a trip under 
            this clause, the Select Committee on Ethics shall make a 
            determination consistent with regulations issued pursuant to 
            section 544(b) of the Honest Leadership and Open Government 
            Act of 2007. The committee through regulations to implement 
            subclause (A)(i) may permit a longer stay when determined by 
            the committee to be practically required to participate in 
            the event, but in no event may the stay exceed 2 nights.
                (3) \60\ For purposes of clauses (1) and (2), events, 
            the activities of which are substantially recreational in 
            nature, shall not be considered to be in connection with 
            duties of a Member, officer, or employee as an officeholder.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \60\ Clause (3) was renumbered and amended by Pub. L. 
            110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     35.2b      (b) \61\ Before an employee may accept reimbursement 
            pursuant to subparagraph (a), the employee shall receive 
            advance written authorization from the Member or officer 
            under whose direct supervision the employee works. Each 
            advance authorization to accept reimbursement shall be 
            signed by the Member or officer under whose direct 
            supervision the employee works and shall include--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \61\ Subparagraph (b) amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) the name of the employee;
                        (2) the name of the person who will make the 
                    reimbursement;
                        (3) the time, place, and purpose of the travel; 
                    and
                        (4) a determination that the travel is in 
                    connection with the duties of the employee as an 
                    officeholder and would not create the appearance 
                    that the employee is using public office for private 
                    gain.
     35.2c      (c) \62\ Each Member, officer, or employee that receives 
            reimbursement under this paragraph shall disclose the 
            expenses reimbursed or to be reimbursed, the authorization 
            under subparagraph (b) (for an employee), and a copy of the 
            certification in subparagraph (e)(1) to the Secretary of the 
            Senate not later than 30 days after the travel is com

[[Page 72]]

            pleted. Each disclosure made under this subparagraph of 
            expenses reimbursed or to be reimbursed shall be signed by 
            the Member or officer (in the case of travel by that Member 
            or officer) or by the Member or officer under whose direct 
            supervision the employee works (in the case of travel by an 
            employee) and shall include--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \62\ Subparagraph (c) amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) a good faith estimate of total 
                    transportation expenses reimbursed or to be 
                    reimbursed;
                        (2) a good faith estimate of total lodging 
                    expenses reimbursed or to be reimbursed;
                        (3) a good faith estimate of total meal expenses 
                    reimbursed or to be reimbursed;
                        (4) a good faith estimate of the total of other 
                    expenses reimbursed or to be reimbursed;
                        (5) a determination that all such expenses are 
                    necessary transportation, lodging, and related 
                    expenses as defined in this paragraph;
                        (6) \63\ a description of meetings and events 
                    attended; and
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \63\ Clause (6) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (7) \64\ in the case of a reimbursement to a 
                    Member or officer, a determination that the travel 
                    was in connection with the duties of the Member or 
                    officer as an officeholder and would not create the 
                    appearance that the Member or officer is using 
                    public office for private gain.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \64\ Clause (7) renumbered by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     35.2d      (d)(1) \65\ A Member, officer, or employee of the Senate 
            may not accept a reimbursement (including payment in kind) 
            for transportation, lodging, or related expenses under 
            subparagraph (a) for a trip that was--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \65\ Subparagraph (d) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (A) planned, organized, or arranged by or at the 
                    request of a registered lobbyist or agent of a 
                    foreign principal; or
                        (B)(i) for trips described under subparagraph 
                    (a)(2)(A)(i) on which a registered lobbyist 
                    accompanies the Member, officer, or employee on any 
                    segment of the trip; or
                        (ii) for all other trips allowed under this 
                    paragraph, on which a registered lobbyist 
                    accompanies the Member, officer, or employee at any 
                    point throughout the trip.
                (2) The Select Committee on Ethics shall issue 
            regulations identifying de minimis activities by registered 
            lobby

[[Page 73]]

            ists or foreign agents that would not violate this 
            subparagraph.
     35.2e      (e) \66\ A Member, officer, or employee shall, before 
            accepting travel otherwise permissible under this paragraph 
            from any source--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \66\ Subparagraph (e) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) provide to the Select Committee on Ethics a 
                    written certification from such source that--
                                (A) the trip will not be financed in any 
                            part by a registered lobbyist or agent of a 
                            foreign principal;
                                (B) the source either--
                                  (i) does not retain or employ 
                            registered lobbyists or agents of a foreign 
                            principal and is not itself a registered 
                            lobbyist or agent of a foreign principal; or
                                  (ii) certifies that the trip meets the 
                            requirements of subclause (i) or (ii) of 
                            subparagraph (a)(2)(A);
                                (C) the source will not accept from a 
                            registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign 
                            principal or a private entity that retains 
                            or employs 1 or more registered lobbyists or 
                            agents of a foreign principal, funds 
                            earmarked directly or indirectly for the 
                            purpose of financing the specific trip; and
                                (D) the trip will not in any part be 
                            planned, organized, requested, or arranged 
                            by a registered lobbyist or agent of a 
                            foreign principal and the traveler will not 
                            be accompanied on the trip consistent with 
                            the applicable requirements of subparagraph 
                            (d)(1)(B) by a registered lobbyist or agent 
                            of a foreign principal, except as permitted 
                            by regulations issued under subparagraph 
                            (d)(2); and
                        (2) after the Select Committee on Ethics has 
                    promulgated regulations pursuant to section 544(b) 
                    of the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 
                    2007, obtain the prior approval of the committee for 
                    such reimbursement.
     35.2f      (f) \67\ For the purposes of this paragraph, the term 
            ``necessary transportation, lodging, and related 
            expenses''--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \67\ Subparagraph (f) renumbered and subparagraph (g) 
            renumbered and amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) includes reasonable expenses that are 
                    necessary for travel for a period not exceeding 3 
                    days exclusive

[[Page 74]]

                    of travel time within the United States or 7 days 
                    exclusive of travel time outside of the United 
                    States unless approved in advance by the Select 
                    Committee on Ethics;
                        (2) is limited to reasonable expenditures for 
                    transportation, lodging, conference fees and 
                    materials, and food and refreshments, including 
                    reimbursement for necessary transportation, whether 
                    or not such transportation occurs within the periods 
                    described in clause (1);
                        (3) does not include expenditures for 
                    recreational activities, nor does it include 
                    entertainment other than that provided to all 
                    attendees as an integral part of the event, except 
                    for activities or entertainment otherwise 
                    permissible under this rule; and
                        (4) may include travel expenses incurred on 
                    behalf of either the spouse or a child of the 
                    Member, officer, or employee, subject to a 
                    determination signed by the Member or officer (or in 
                    the case of an employee, the Member or officer under 
                    whose direct supervision the employee works) that 
                    the attendance of the spouse or child is appropriate 
                    to assist in the representation of the Senate.

     35.2g      (g) The Secretary of the Senate shall make all advance 
            authorizations, certifications, and disclosures filed 
            pursuant to this paragraph available for public inspection 
            as soon as possible after they are received, but in no event 
            prior to the completion of the relevant travel.
      35.3      3. A gift prohibited by paragraph 1(a) includes the 
            following:
     35.3a
                      
                        (a) Anything provided by a registered lobbyist 
                    or an agent of a foreign principal to an entity that 
                    is maintained or controlled by a Member, officer, or 
                    employee.

     35.3b
                      
                        (b) A charitable contribution (as defined in 
                    section 170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) 
                    made by a registered lobbyist or an agent of a 
                    foreign principal on the basis of a designation, 
                    recommendation, or other specification of a Member, 
                    officer, or employee (not including a mass mailing 
                    or other solicitation directed to a broad category 
                    of persons or entities), other than a charitable 
                    contribution permitted by paragraph 4.

[[Page 75]]


                      
     35.3c
                        (c) A contribution or other payment by a 
                    registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign 
                    principal to a legal expense fund established for 
                    the benefit of a Member, officer, or employee.
                      
     35.3d
                        (d) A financial contribution or expenditure made 
                    by a registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign 
                    principal relating to a conference, retreat, or 
                    similar event, sponsored by or affiliated with an 
                    official congressional organization, for or on 
                    behalf of Members, officers, or employees.
     35.4a      4. (a) A charitable contribution (as defined in section 
            170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) made by a 
            registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign principal in 
            lieu of an honorarium to a Member, officer, or employee 
            shall not be considered a gift under this rule if it is 
            reported as provided in subparagraph (b).
     35.4b      (b) A Member, officer, or employee who designates or 
            recommends a contribution to a charitable organization in 
            lieu of honoraria described in subparagraph (a) shall report 
            within 30 days after such designation or recommendation to 
            the Secretary of the Senate--
                        (1) the name and address of the registered 
                    lobbyist who is making the contribution in lieu of 
                    honoraria;
                        (2) the date and amount of the contribution; and
                        (3) the name and address of the charitable 
                    organization designated or recommended by the 
                    Member.
            The Secretary of the Senate shall make public information 
            received pursuant to this subparagraph as soon as possible 
            after it is received.
      35.5      5. For purposes of this rule--
                      
     35.5a
                        (a) the term ``registered lobbyist'' means a 
                    lobbyist registered under the Federal Regulation of 
                    Lobbying Act or any successor statute; and
                      
     35.5b
                        (b) the term ``agent of a foreign principal'' 
                    means an agent of a foreign principal registered 
                    under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.
      35.6      6. All the provisions of this rule shall be interpreted 
            and enforced solely by the Select Committee on Ethics. The 
            Select Committee on Ethics is authorized to issue guidance 
            on any matter contained in this rule.


[[Page 76]]

        36                         RULE XXXVI \68\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \68\ Previous provisions of Rule XXXVI were repealed by 
            S. Res. 512, 97-2, Dec. 14, 1982, effective Jan. 1, 1983. 
            New Rule XXXVI language established by S. Res. 192, 102-1, 
            Oct. 31, 1991, effective Aug. 14, 1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                OUTSIDE EARNED INCOME

                For purposes of this rule, the provisions of section 501 
            of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 
            Sec. 501) shall be deemed to be a rule of the Senate as it 
            pertains to Members, officers, and employees of the Senate.

        37                           RULE XXXVII

                                CONFLICT OF INTEREST

      37.1      1. A Member, officer, or employee of the Senate shall 
            not receive any compensation, nor shall he permit any 
            compensation to accrue to his beneficial interest from any 
            source, the receipt or accrual of which would occur by 
            virtue of influence improperly exerted from his position as 
            a Member, officer, or employee.
      37.2      2. No Member, officer, or employee shall engage in any 
            outside business or professional activity or employment for 
            compensation which is inconsistent or in conflict with the 
            conscientious performance of official duties.
      37.3      3. No officer or employee shall engage in any outside 
            business or professional activity or employment for 
            compensation unless he has reported in writing when such 
            activity or employment commences and on May 15 of each year 
            thereafter so long as such activity or employment continues, 
            the nature of such activity or employment to his supervisor. 
            The supervisor shall then, in the discharge of his duties, 
            take such action as he considers necessary for the avoidance 
            of conflict of interest or interference with duties to the 
            Senate.
      37.4      4. No Member, officer, or employee shall knowingly use 
            his official position to introduce or aid the progress or 
            passage of legislation, a principal purpose of which is to 
            further only his pecuniary interest, only the pecuniary 
            interest of his immediate family, or only the pecuniary 
            interest of a limited class of persons or enterprises, when 
            he, or his immediate family, or enterprises controlled by 
            them, are members of the affected class.

[[Page 77]]


     37.5a      5. (a) \69\ No Member, officer, or employee of the 
            Senate compensated at a rate in excess of $25,000 per annum 
            and employed for more than ninety days in a calendar year 
            shall (1) affiliate with a firm, partnership, association, 
            or corporation for the purpose of providing professional 
            services for compensation; (2) permit that individual's name 
            to be used by such a firm, partnership, association or 
            corporation; or (3) practice a profession for compensation 
            to any extent during regular office hours of the Senate 
            office in which employed. For the purposes of this 
            paragraph, ``professional services'' shall include but not 
            be limited to those which involve a fiduciary relationship.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \69\ Paragraph 5 renumbered 5(a) and subparagraph (b) 
            added by S. Res. 192, 102-1, Oct. 31, 1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     37.5b      (b) A Member or an officer or employee whose rate of 
            basic pay is equal to or greater than 120 percent of the 
            annual rate of basic pay in effect for grade GS-15 of the 
            General Schedule shall not--
                        (1) receive compensation for affiliating with or 
                    being employed by a firm, partnership, association, 
                    corporation, or other entity which provides 
                    professional services involving a fiduciary 
                    relationship;
                        (2) permit that Member's, officer's, or 
                    employee's name to be used by any such firm, 
                    partnership, association, corporation, or other 
                    entity;
                        (3) receive compensation for practicing a 
                    profession which involves a fiduciary relationship; 
                    or
                        (4) receive compensation for teaching, without 
                    the prior notification and approval of the Select 
                    \70\ Committee on Ethics.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \70\ Added by S. Res. 299, 106-2, Apr. 27, 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     37.6a      6. (a) \71\ No Member, officer, or employee of the 
            Senate compensated at a rate in excess of $25,000 per annum 
            and employed for more than ninety days in a calendar year 
            shall serve as an officer or member of the board of any 
            publicly held or publicly regulated corporation, financial 
            institution, or business entity. The preceding sentence 
            shall not apply to service of a Member, officer, or employee 
            as--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \71\ Paragraph 6 renumbered 6(a) and subparagraph (b) 
            added by S. Res. 192, 102-1, Oct. 31, 1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) an officer or member of the board of an 
                    organization which is exempt from taxation under 
                    section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, 
                    if such service is performed without compensation;

[[Page 78]]

                        (2) an officer or member of the board of an 
                    institution or organization which is principally 
                    available to Members, officers, or employees of the 
                    Senate, or their families, if such service is 
                    performed without compensation; or
                        (3) a member of the board of a corporation, 
                    institution, or other business entity, if (A) the 
                    Member, officer, or employee had served continuously 
                    as a member of the board thereof for at least two 
                    years prior to his election or appointment as a 
                    Member, officer, or employee of the Senate, (B) the 
                    amount of time required to perform such service is 
                    minimal, and (C) the Member, officer, or employee is 
                    not a member of, or a member of the staff of any 
                    Senate committee which has legislative jurisdiction 
                    over any agency of the Government charged with 
                    regulating the activities of the corporation, 
                    institution, or other business entity.

     37.6b      (b) A Member or an officer or employee whose rate of 
            basic pay is equal to or greater than 120 percent of the 
            annual rate of basic pay in effect for grade GS-15 of the 
            General Schedule shall not serve for compensation as an 
            officer or member of the board of any association, 
            corporation, or other entity.

      37.7      7. An employee on the staff of a committee who is 
            compensated at a rate in excess of $25,000 per annum and 
            employed for more than ninety days in a calendar year shall 
            divest himself of any substantial holdings which may be 
            directly affected by the actions of the committee for which 
            he works, unless the Select Committee, after consultation 
            with the employee's supervisor, grants permission in writing 
            to retain such holdings or the employee makes other 
            arrangements acceptable to the Select Committee and the 
            employee's supervisor to avoid participation in committee 
            actions where there is a conflict of interest, or the 
            appearance thereof.
      37.8      8.\72\ If a Member, upon leaving office, becomes a 
            registered lobbyist under the Federal Regulation of Lobbying 
            Act of 1946 or any successor statute, or is employed or 
            retained by such a registered lobbyist or an entity that 
            employs or retains a registered lobbyist for the purpose of 
            influencing legislation, he shall not lobby Members, offi

[[Page 79]]

            cers, or employees of the Senate for a period of two years 
            after leaving office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \72\ Paragraphs 8 and 9 amended by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     37.9a      9. (a) If an employee on the staff of a Member, upon 
            leaving that position, becomes a registered lobbyist under 
            the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946 or any 
            successor statute, or is employed or retained by such a 
            registered lobbyist or an entity that employs or retains a 
            registered lobbyist for the purpose of influencing 
            legislation, such employee may not lobby the Member for whom 
            he worked or that Member's staff for a period of one year 
            after leaving that position.
     37.9b      (b) If an employee on the staff of a committee, upon 
            leaving his position, becomes such a registered lobbyist or 
            is employed or retained by such a registered lobbyist or an 
            entity that employs or retains a registered lobbyist for the 
            purpose of influencing legislation, such employee may not 
            lobby the members of the committee for which he worked, or 
            the staff of that committee, for a period of one year after 
            leaving his position.
     37.9c      (c) \73\ If an officer of the Senate or an employee on 
            the staff of a Member or on the staff of a committee whose 
            rate of pay is equal to or greater than 75 percent of the 
            rate of pay of a Member and employed at such rate for more 
            than 60 days in a calendar year, upon leaving that position, 
            becomes a registered lobbyist, or is employed or retained by 
            such a registered lobbyist or an entity that employs or 
            retains a registered lobbyist for the purpose of influencing 
            legislation, such employee may not lobby any Member, 
            officer, or employee of the Senate for a period of 1 year 
            after leaving that position.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \73\ Paragraph 9(c) shall apply to individuals who leave 
            the office or employment to which such paragraph applies on 
            or after the date of adjournment of the 1st session of the 
            110th Congress sine die or Dec. 31, 2007, whichever date is 
            earlier. Sec. 531 of Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     37.10      10. \74\ Paragraphs 8 and 9 shall not apply to contacts 
            with the staff of the Secretary of the Senate regarding 
            compliance with the lobbying disclosure requirements of the 
            Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \74\ Paragraphs 10 and 11 added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 
            14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    37.11a      11. (a) If a Member's spouse or immediate family member 
            is a registered lobbyist, or is employed or retained by such 
            a registered lobbyist or an entity that hires or retains a 
            registered lobbyist for the purpose of influencing 
            legislation, the Member shall prohibit all staff employed or 
            supervised by that Member (including staff in personal, com

[[Page 80]]

            mittee, and leadership offices) from having any contact with 
            the Member's spouse or immediate family member that 
            constitutes a lobbying contact as defined by section 3 of 
            the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 by such person.
    37.11b      (b) Members and employees on the staff of a Member 
            (including staff in personal, committee, and leadership 
            offices) shall be prohibited from having any contact that 
            constitutes a lobbying contact as defined by section 3 of 
            the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 by any spouse of a 
            Member who is a registered lobbyist, or is employed or 
            retained by such a registered lobbyist.
    37.11c      (c) The prohibition in subparagraph (b) shall not apply 
            to the spouse of a Member who was serving as a registered 
            lobbyist at least 1 year prior to the most recent election 
            of that Member to office or at least 1 year prior to his or 
            her marriage to that Member.
    37.12a      12. (a) \75\ Except as provided by subparagraph (b), any 
            employee of the Senate who is required to file a report 
            pursuant to rule XXXIV shall refrain from participating 
            personally and substantially as an employee of the Senate in 
            any contact with any agency of the executive or judicial 
            branch of Government with respect to non-legislative matters 
            affecting any non-governmental person in which the employee 
            has a significant financial interest.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \75\ Paragraphs 10 and 11 were renumbered as 11 and 12 
            respectively and paragraph 10 was added by S. Res. 236, 101-
            2, Jan. 30, 1990. Paragraph renumbered by Pub. L. 110-81, 
            Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    37.12b      (b) Subparagraph (a) shall not apply if an employee 
            first advises his supervising authority of his significant 
            financial interest and obtains from his employing authority 
            a written waiver stating that the participation of the 
            employee is necessary. A copy of each such waiver shall be 
            filed with the Select Committee.
     37.13      13. \76\ For purposes of this rule--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \76\ Paragraph 13 renumbered pursuant to Pub. L. 110-81, 
            Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    37.13a
                      
                        (a) ``employee of the Senate'' includes an 
                    employee or individual described in paragraphs 2, 3, 
                    and 4(c) of rule XLI;

    37.13b
                      
                        (b) an individual who is an employee on the 
                    staff of a subcommittee of a committee shall be 
                    treated as an employee on the staff of such 
                    committee; and

    37.13c
                      
                        (c) the term ``lobbying'' means any oral or 
                    written communication to influence the content or 
                    disposition of any issue before Congress, including 
                    any pending

[[Page 81]]

                    or future bill, resolution, treaty, nomination, 
                    hearing, report, or investigation; but does not 
                    include--
                                (1) a communication (i) made in the form 
                            of testimony given before a committee or 
                            office of the Congress, or (ii) submitted 
                            for inclusion in the public record, public 
                            docket, or public file of a hearing; or
                                (2) a communication by an individual, 
                            acting solely on his own behalf, for redress 
                            of personal grievances, or to express his 
                            personal opinion.
    37.14a      14. \77\(a) A Member shall not negotiate or have any 
            arrangement concerning prospective private employment until 
            after his or her successor has been elected, unless such 
            Member files a signed statement with the Secretary of the 
            Senate, for public disclosure, regarding such negotiations 
            or arrangements not later than 3 business days after the 
            commencement of such negotiation or arrangement, including 
            the name of the private entity or entities involved in such 
            negotiations or arrangements, and the date such negotiations 
            or arrangements commenced.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \77\ Paragraph 14 added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    37.14b      (b) A Member shall not negotiate or have any arrangement 
            concerning prospective employment for a job involving 
            lobbying activities as defined by the Lobbying Disclosure 
            Act of 1995 until after his or her successor has been 
            elected.
    37.14c      (c)(1) An employee of the Senate earning in excess of 75 
            percent of the salary paid to a Senator shall notify the 
            Select Committee on Ethics that he or she is negotiating or 
            has any arrangement concerning prospective private 
            employment.
                (2) The notification under this subparagraph shall be 
            made not later than 3 business days after the commencement 
            of such negotiation or arrangement.
                (3) An employee to whom this subparagraph applies 
            shall--
                        (A) recuse himself or herself from--
                                (i) any contact or communication with 
                            the prospective employer on issues of 
                            legislative interest to the prospective 
                            employer; and
                                (ii) any legislative matter in which 
                            there is a conflict of interest or an 
                            appearance of a conflict for that employee 
                            under this subparagraph; and

[[Page 82]]

                        (B) notify the Select Committee on Ethics of 
                    such recusal.

     37.15      15. \78\ For purposes of this rule--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \78\ Paragraph 15 renumbered by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    37.15a
                      
                        (a) a Senator or the Vice President is the 
                    supervisor of his administrative, clerical, or other 
                    assistants;

    37.15b
                      
                        (b) a Senator who is the chairman of a committee 
                    is the supervisor of the professional, clerical, or 
                    other assistants to the committee except that 
                    minority staff members shall be under the 
                    supervision of the ranking minority Senator on the 
                    committee;

    37.15c
                      
                        (c) a Senator who is a chairman of a 
                    subcommittee which has its own staff and financial 
                    authorization is the supervisor of the professional, 
                    clerical, or other assistants to the subcommittee 
                    except that minority staff members shall be under 
                    the supervision of the ranking minority Senator on 
                    the subcommittee;

    37.15d
                      
                        (d) the President pro tempore is the supervisor 
                    of the Secretary of the Senate, Sergeant at Arms and 
                    Doorkeeper, the Chaplain, the Legislative Counsel, 
                    and the employees of the Office of the Legislative 
                    Counsel;

    37.15e
                      
                        (e) the Secretary of the Senate is the 
                    supervisor of the employees of his office;

    37.15f
                      
                        (f) the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper is the 
                    supervisor of the employees of his office;

    37.15g
                      
                        (g) the Majority and Minority Leaders and the 
                    Majority and Minority Whips are the supervisors of 
                    the research, clerical, or other assistants assigned 
                    to their respective offices;

    37.15h
                      
                        (h) the Majority Leader is the supervisor of the 
                    Secretary for the Majority and the Secretary for the 
                    Majority is the supervisor of the employees of his 
                    office; and

    37.15i
                      
                        (i) the Minority Leader is the supervisor of the 
                    Secretary for the Minority and the Secretary for the 
                    Minority is the supervisor of the employees of his 
                    office.

        38

                                    RULE XXXVIII

                      PROHIBITION OF UNOFFICIAL OFFICE ACCOUNTS

     38.1a      1. (a) \79\ No Member may maintain or have maintained 
            for his use an unofficial office account. The term 
            ``unofficial

[[Page 83]]

            office account'' means an account or repository into which 
            funds are received for the purpose, at least in part, of 
            defraying otherwise unreimbursed expenses allowable in 
            connection with the operation of a Member's office. An 
            unofficial office account does not include, and expenses 
            incurred by a Member in connection with his official duties 
            shall be defrayed only from--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \79\ Paragraph 1 was renumbered 1(a) and subparagraph 
            (b) was added by S. Res. 192, 102-1, Oct. 31, 1991. 
            Effective date revised to May 11, 1992, by Pub. L. 102-229, 
            Dec. 12, 1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) personal funds of the Member;
                        (2) official funds specifically appropriated for 
                    that purpose;
                        (3) funds derived from a political committee (as 
                    defined in section 301(d) of the Federal Election 
                    Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431))\80\; and
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \80\ 2 U.S.C. 431 was recodified as 52 U.S.C. 30101.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (4) funds received as reasonable reimbursements 
                    for expenses incurred by a Member in connection with 
                    personal services provided by the Member to the 
                    organization making the reimbursement.
     38.1b      (b) Notwithstanding subparagraph (a), official expenses 
            may be defrayed only as provided by subsections (d) and (i) 
            of section 311 of the Legislative Appropriations Act, 1991 
            (Public Law 101-520).\81\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \81\ Section 311(d) of the Legislative Branch 
            Appropriations Act, 1991 (Pub. L. 101-520) was amended by 
            Pub. L. 107-68, Nov. 12, 2001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     38.1c      (c) \82\ For purposes of reimbursement under this rule, 
            fair market value of a flight on an aircraft shall be 
            determined as provided in paragraph 1(c)(1)(C) of rule XXXV.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \82\ Subparagraph (c) added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 
            2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      
      38.2
                      
                2. No contribution (as defined in section 301(e) of the 
            Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431))\83\  
            shall be converted to the personal use of any Member or any 
            former Member. For the purposes of this rule ``personal 
            use'' does not include reimbursement of expenses incurred by 
            a Member in connection with his official duties.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \83\ 2 U.S.C. 431 was recodified as 52 U.S.C. 30101.

        39                           RULE XXXIX

                                   FOREIGN TRAVEL

     39.1a      1. (a) Unless authorized by the Senate (or by the 
            President of the United States after an adjournment sine 
            die), no funds from the United States Government (including 
            foreign currencies made available under section 502(b) of 
            the Mutual Security Act of 1954 (22 U.S.C. 1754(b)) shall be 
            received for the purpose of travel outside the United

[[Page 84]]

            States by any Member of the Senate whose term will expire at 
            the end of a Congress after--
                        (1) the date of the general election in which 
                    his successor is elected; or
                        (2) in the case of a Member who is not a 
                    candidate in such general election, the earlier of 
                    the date of such general election or the adjournment 
                    sine die of the second regular session of that 
                    Congress.

     39.1b      (b) \84\ The travel restrictions provided by 
            subparagraph (a) with respect to a Member of the Senate 
            whose term will expire at the end of a Congress shall apply 
            to travel by--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \84\ Paragraph 1 was renumbered as 1 (a) and 
            subparagraph (b) was added by S. Res. 80, 100-1, Jan. 28, 
            1987.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (1) any employee of the Member;
                        (2) any elected officer of the Senate whose 
                    employment will terminate at the end of a Congress; 
                    and
                        (3) any employee of a committee whose employment 
                    will terminate at the end of a Congress.

      39.2      2. No Member, officer, or employee engaged in foreign 
            travel may claim payment or accept funds from the United 
            States Government (including foreign currencies made 
            available under section 502(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 
            1954 (22 U.S.C. 1754(b)) for any expense for which the 
            individual has received reimbursement from any other source; 
            nor may such Member, officer, or employee receive 
            reimbursement for the same expense more than once from the 
            United States Government. No Member, officer, or employee 
            shall use any funds furnished to him to defray ordinary and 
            necessary expenses of foreign travel for any purpose other 
            than the purpose or purposes for which such funds were 
            furnished.
      39.3      3. A per diem allowance provided a Member, officer, or 
            employee in connection with foreign travel shall be used 
            solely for lodging, food, and related expenses and it is the 
            responsibility of the Member, officer, or employee receiving 
            such an allowance to return to the United States Government 
            that portion of the allowance received which is not actually 
            used for necessary lodging, food, and related expenses.


[[Page 85]]

        40                             RULE XL

              FRANKING PRIVILEGE AND RADIO AND TELEVISION STUDIOS \85\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \85\ 39 U.S.C. 3210 contains statutory provisions are 
            parallel to certain provisions of rule XL relating to the 
            franking privilege.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      40.1      1. A Senator or an individual who is a candidate for 
            nomination for election, or election, to the Senate may not 
            use the frank for any mass mailing (as defined in section 
            3210(a)(6)(E) \86\ of Title 39, United States Code) if such 
            mass mailing is mailed at or delivered to any postal 
            facility less than sixty days immediately before the date of 
            any primary or general election (whether regular, special, 
            or runoff) in which the Senator is a candidate for public 
            office or the individual is a candidate for Senator, unless 
            the candidacy of the Senator in such election is 
            uncontested.\87\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \86\ Citation corrected by S. Res. 187, 101-1, Oct. 2, 
            1989, pursuant to Pub. L. 97-69, Oct. 26, 1981.
                \87\ As amended by S. Res. 224, 103-2, June 21, 1994.

      40.2      2. A Senator shall use only official funds of the 
            Senate, including his official Senate allowances, to 
            purchase paper, to print, or to prepare any mass mailing 
            material which is to be sent out under the frank.
     40.3a      3. (a) When a Senator disseminates information under the 
            frank by a mass mailing (as defined in section 3210(a)(6)(E) 
            of Title 39, United States Code), the Senator shall register 
            quarterly \88\ with the Secretary of the Senate such mass 
            mailings. Such registration shall be made by filing with the 
            Secretary a copy of the matter mailed and providing, on a 
            form supplied by the Secretary, a description of the group 
            or groups of persons to whom the mass mailing was mailed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \88\ Pursuant to Pub. L. 101-520, Nov. 5, 1990.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     40.3b      (b) The Secretary of the Senate shall promptly make 
            available for public inspection and copying a copy of the 
            mail matter registered, and a description of the group or 
            groups of persons to whom the mass mailing was mailed.
      40.4      4. Nothing in this rule shall apply to any mailing under 
            the frank which is (a) in direct response to inquiries or 
            requests from persons to whom the matter is mailed; (b) 
            addressed to colleagues in Congress or to government 
            officials (whether Federal, State, or local); or (c) 
            consists entirely of news releases to the communications 
            media.
      40.5      5. The Senate computer facilities shall not be used (a) 
            to store, maintain, or otherwise process any lists or 
            categories of lists of names and addresses identifying the 
            individuals included in such lists as campaign workers or 
            con

[[Page 86]]

            tributors, as members of a political party, or by any other 
            partisan political designation, (b) to produce computer 
            printouts except as authorized by user guides approved by 
            the Committee on Rules and Administration, or (c) to produce 
            mailing labels for mass mailings, or computer tapes and 
            discs, for use other than in service facilities maintained 
            and operated by the Senate or under contract to the Senate. 
            The Committee on Rules and Administration shall prescribe 
            such regulations not inconsistent with the purposes of this 
            paragraph as it determines necessary to carry out such 
            purposes.
     40.6a      6. (a) The radio and television studios provided by the 
            Senate or by the House of Representatives may not be used by 
            a Senator or an individual who is a candidate for nomination 
            for election, or election, to the Senate less than sixty 
            days immediately before the date of any primary or general 
            election (whether regular, special, or runoff) in which that 
            Senator is a candidate for public office or that individual 
            is a candidate for Senator, unless the candidacy of the 
            Senator in such election is uncontested.\89\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \89\ As amended by S. Res. 224, 103-2, June 21, 1994.

     40.6b      (b) This paragraph shall not apply if the facilities are 
            to be used at the request of, and at the expense of, a 
            licensed broadcast organization or an organization exempt 
            from taxation under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal 
            Revenue Code of 1954.

        41                            RULE XLI

                        POLITICAL FUND ACTIVITY; DEFINITIONS

      41.1      1. No officer or employee of the Senate may receive, 
            solicit, be a custodian of, or distribute any funds in 
            connection with any campaign for the nomination for 
            election, or the election, of any individual to be a Member 
            of the Senate or to any other Federal office. This 
            prohibition does not apply to three \90\ assistants to a 
            Senator, at least one of whom is in Washington, District of 
            Columbia, who have been designated by that Senator to 
            perform any of the functions described in the first sentence 
            of this paragraph and who are compensated at an annual rate 
            in excess of $10,000 if such designation has been made in 
            writing and filed with the Secretary of the Senate and if 
            each such assistant files a financial statement in the form 
            provided under rule XXXIV for each year during which he is 
            des

[[Page 87]]

            ignated under this rule. The Majority Leader and the 
            Minority Leader may each designate an employee of their 
            respective leadership office staff as one of the 3 designees 
            referred to in the second sentence.\91\ \92\ The Secretary 
            of the Senate shall make the designation available for 
            public inspection.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \90\ As amended by S. Res. 258, 100-1, Oct. 1, 1987.
                \91\ Pursuant to S. Res. 326, 101-2, Jan. 30, 1990.
                \92\ Pursuant to Pub. L. 116-94, Title XVII, sec. 1701, 
            the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader may each 
            designate up to 2 employees of their respective leadership 
            office staff as designees; however, the Standing Rules of 
            the Senate were not amended.

      41.2      2. For purposes of the Senate Code of Official Conduct--
     41.2a
                      
                        (a) an employee of the Senate includes any 
                    employee whose salary is disbursed by the Secretary 
                    of the Senate; and
     41.2b
                      
                        (b) the compensation of an officer or employee 
                    of the Senate who is a reemployed annuitant shall 
                    include amounts received by such officer or employee 
                    as an annuity, and such amounts shall be treated as 
                    disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate.
      41.3      3. Before approving the utilization by any committee of 
            the Senate of the services of an officer or employee of the 
            Government in accordance with paragraph 4 \93\ of rule XXVII 
            or with an authorization provided by Senate resolution, the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration shall require such 
            officer or employee to agree in writing to comply with the 
            Senate Code of Official Conduct in the same manner and to 
            the same extent as an employee of the Senate. Any such 
            officer or employee shall, for purposes of such Code, be 
            treated as an employee of the Senate receiving compensation 
            disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate in an amount equal 
            to the amount of compensation he is receiving as an officer 
            or employee of the Government.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \93\ Reference corrected by S. Res. 192, 102-1, Oct. 31, 
            1991.

      41.4      4. No Member, officer, or employee of the Senate shall 
            utilize the full-time services of an individual for more 
            than ninety days in a calendar year in the conduct of 
            official duties of any committee or office of the Senate 
            (including a Member's office) unless such individual--
     41.4a
                      
                        (a) is an officer or employee of the Senate,
     41.4b
                      
                        (b) is an officer or employee of the Government 
                    (other than the Senate), or
     41.4c
                      
                        (c) agrees in writing to comply with the Senate 
                    Code of Official Conduct in the same manner and to 
                    the same extent as an employee of the Senate.


[[Page 88]]


            Any individual to whom subparagraph (c) applies shall, for 
            purposes of such Code, be treated as an employee of the 
            Senate receiving compensation disbursed by the Secretary of 
            the Senate in an amount equal to the amount of compensation 
            which such individual is receiving from any source for 
            performing such services.

      41.5      5. In exceptional circumstances for good cause shown, 
            the Select Committee on Ethics may waive the applicability 
            of any provision of the Senate Code of Official Conduct to 
            an employee hired on a per diem basis.
     41.6a      6. (a) The supervisor of an individual who performs 
            services for any Member, committee, or office of the Senate 
            for a period in excess of four weeks and who receives 
            compensation therefor from any source other than the United 
            States Government shall report to the Select Committee on 
            Ethics with respect to the utilization of the services of 
            such individual.
     41.6b      (b) A report under subparagraph (a) shall be made with 
            respect to an individual--
                        (1) when such individual begins performing 
                    services described in such subparagraph;
                        (2) at the close of each calendar quarter while 
                    such individual is performing such services; and
                        (3) when such individual ceases to perform such 
                    services. Each such report shall include the 
                    identity of the source of the compensation received 
                    by such individual and the amount or rate of 
                    compensation paid by such source.

     41.6c      (c) No report shall be required under subparagraph (a) 
            with respect to an individual who normally performs services 
            for a Member, committee, or office for less than eight hours 
            a week.
     41.6d      (d) For purposes of this paragraph, the supervisor of an 
            individual shall be determined under paragraph 12 of rule 
            XXXVII.\94\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \94\ Redesignated by S. Res. 236, 101-2, Jan. 30, 1990, 
            and S. Res. 299, 106-2, Apr. 27, 2000.

        42                            RULE XLII

                                EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES

      42.1      1. No Member, officer, or employee of the Senate shall, 
            with respect to employment by the Senate or any office 
            thereof--

[[Page 89]]


     42.1a
                      
                        (a) fail or refuse to hire an individual;
     42.1b
                      
                        (b) discharge an individual; or
     42.1c
                      
                        (c) otherwise discriminate against an individual 
                    with respect to promotion, compensation, or terms, 
                    conditions, or privileges of employment
            on the basis of such individual's race, color, religion, 
            sex, national origin, age, or state of physical handicap.
      42.2      2. \95\ For purposes of this rule, the provisions of 
            section 509(a) of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 
            1990 shall be deemed to be a rule of the Senate as it 
            pertains to Members, officers, and employees of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \95\ Added by S. Res. 192, 102-1, Oct. 31, 1991, 
            effective July 26, 1990. Americans with Disabilities Act of 
            1990 was subsequently amended by Pub. L. 102-166, Nov. 21, 
            1991.

        43                           RULE XLIII

                           REPRESENTATION BY MEMBERS \96\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \96\ Rule established by S. Res. 273, 102-2, July 2, 
            1992.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      43.1      1. In responding to petitions for assistance, a Member 
            of the Senate, acting directly or through employees, has the 
            right to assist petitioners before executive and independent 
            government officials and agencies.
      43.2      2. At the request of a petitioner, a Member of the 
            Senate, or a Senate employee, may communicate with an 
            executive or independent government official or agency on 
            any matter to--
     43.2a
                      
                        (a) request information or a status report;
     43.2b
                      
                        (b) urge prompt consideration;
     43.2c
                      
                        (c) arrange for interviews or appointments;
     43.2d
                      
                        (d) express judgments;
     43.2e
                      
                        (e) call for reconsideration of an 
                    administrative response which the Member believes is 
                    not reasonably supported by statutes, regulations or 
                    considerations of equity or public policy; or
     43.2f
                      
                        (f) perform any other service of a similar 
                    nature consistent with the provisions of this rule.
      43.3      3. The decision to provide assistance to petitioners may 
            not be made on the basis of contributions or services, or 
            promises of contributions or services, to the Member's 
            political campaigns or to other organizations in which the 
            Member has a political, personal, or financial interest.

[[Page 90]]



      43.4      4. A Member shall make a reasonable effort to assure 
            that representations made in the Member's name by any Senate 
            employee are accurate and conform to the Member's 
            instructions and to this rule.
      43.5      5. Nothing in this rule shall be construed to limit the 
            authority of Members, and Senate employees, to perform 
            legislative, including committee, responsibilities.
      43.6      6. \97\ No Member, with the intent to influence solely 
            on the basis of partisan political affiliation an employment 
            decision or employment practice of any private entity, 
            shall--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \97\ Paragraph 6 added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     43.6a
                      
                        (a) take or withhold, or offer or threaten to 
                    take or withhold, an official act; or

     43.6b
                      
                        (b) influence, or offer or threaten to influence 
                    the official act of another.

        44                         RULE XLIV \98\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \98\ Rule XLIV added by Pub. L. 110-81, Sep. 14, 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED SPENDING AND RELATED ITEMS

     44.1a      1. (a) It shall not be in order to vote on a motion to 
            proceed to consider a bill or joint resolution reported by 
            any committee unless the chairman of the committee of 
            jurisdiction or the Majority Leader or his or her designee 
            certifies--
                (1) that each congressionally directed spending item, 
            limited tax benefit, and limited tariff benefit, if any, in 
            the bill or joint resolution, or in the committee report 
            accompanying the bill or joint resolution, has been 
            identified through lists, charts, or other similar means 
            including the name of each Senator who submitted a request 
            to the committee for each item so identified; and
                (2) that the information in clause (1) has been 
            available on a publicly accessible congressional website in 
            a searchable format at least 48 hours before such vote.
     44.1b      (b) If a point of order is sustained under this 
            paragraph, the motion to proceed shall be suspended until 
            the sponsor of the motion or his or her designee has 
            requested resumption and compliance with this paragraph has 
            been achieved.
     44.2a      2. (a) It shall not be in order to vote on a motion to 
            proceed to consider a Senate bill or joint resolution not 
            reported by committee unless the chairman of the committee 
            of jurisdiction or the Majority Leader or his or her 
            designee certifies--

[[Page 91]]

                        (1) that each congressionally directed spending 
                    item, limited tax benefit, and limited tariff 
                    benefit, if any, in the bill or joint resolution, 
                    has been identified through lists, charts, or other 
                    similar means, including the name of each Senator 
                    who submitted a request to the sponsor of the bill 
                    or joint resolution for each item so identified; and
                        (2) that the information in clause (1) has been 
                    available on a publicly accessible congressional 
                    website in a searchable format at least 48 hours 
                    before such vote.
     44.2b      (b) If a point of order is sustained under this 
            paragraph, the motion to proceed shall be suspended until 
            the sponsor of the motion or his or her designee has 
            requested resumption and compliance with this paragraph has 
            been achieved.
     44.3a      3. (a) It shall not be in order to vote on the adoption 
            of a report of a committee of conference unless the chairman 
            of the committee of jurisdiction or the Majority Leader or 
            his or her designee certifies--
                        (1) that each congressionally directed spending 
                    item, limited tax benefit, and limited tariff 
                    benefit, if any, in the conference report, or in the 
                    joint statement of managers accompanying the 
                    conference report, has been identified through 
                    lists, charts, or other means, including the name of 
                    each Senator who submitted a request to the 
                    committee of jurisdiction for each item so 
                    identified; and
                        (2) that the information in clause (1) has been 
                    available on a publicly accessible congressional 
                    website at least 48 hours before such vote.
     44.3b      (b) If a point of order is sustained under this 
            paragraph, then the conference report shall be set aside.
     44.4a      4. (a) If during consideration of a bill or joint 
            resolution, a Senator proposes an amendment containing a 
            congressionally directed spending item, limited tax benefit, 
            or limited tariff benefit which was not included in the bill 
            or joint resolution as placed on the calendar or as reported 
            by any committee, in a committee report on such bill or 
            joint resolution, or a committee report of the Senate on a 
            companion measure, then as soon as practicable, the Senator 
            shall ensure that a list of such items (and the name of any 
            Senator who submitted a request to the Senator for each 
            respective item included in the list) is printed in the 
            Congressional Record.

[[Page 92]]



     44.4b      (b) If a committee reports a bill or joint resolution 
            that includes congressionally directed spending items, 
            limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits in the bill 
            or joint resolution, or in the committee report accompanying 
            the bill or joint resolution, the committee shall as soon as 
            practicable identify on a publicly accessible congressional 
            website each such item through lists, charts, or other 
            similar means, including the name of each Senator who 
            submitted a request to the committee for each item so 
            identified. Availability on the Internet of a committee 
            report that contains the information described in this 
            subparagraph shall satisfy the requirements of this 
            subparagraph.
     44.4c      (c) To the extent technically feasible, information made 
            available on publicly accessible congressional websites 
            under paragraphs 3 and 4 shall be provided in a searchable 
            format.
      44.5      5. For the purpose of this rule--
                      

     44.5a
                      
                        (a) the term ``congressionally directed spending 
                    item'' means a provision or report language included 
                    primarily at the request of a Senator providing, 
                    authorizing, or recommending a specific amount of 
                    discretionary budget authority, credit authority, or 
                    other spending authority for a contract, loan, loan 
                    guarantee, grant, loan authority, or other 
                    expenditure with or to an entity, or targeted to a 
                    specific State, locality or Congressional district, 
                    other than through a statutory or administrative 
                    formula-driven or competitive award process;
                      

     44.5b
                      
                        (b) the term ``limited tax benefit'' means--
                                (1) any revenue provision that--
                                  (A) provides a Federal tax deduction, 
                            credit, exclusion, or preference to a 
                            particular beneficiary or limited group of 
                            beneficiaries under the Internal Revenue 
                            Code of 1986; and
                                  (B) contains eligibility criteria that 
                            are not uniform in application with respect 
                            to potential beneficiaries of such 
                            provision;
     44.5c
                      
                        (c) the term ``limited tariff benefit'' means a 
                    provision modifying the Harmonized Tariff Schedule 
                    of the United States in a manner that benefits 10 or 
                    fewer entities; and

     44.5d
                      
                        (d) except as used in subparagraph 8(e), the 
                    term ``item'' when not preceded by ``congressionally 
                    directed spending'' means any provision that is a 
                    congression

[[Page 93]]

                    ally directed spending item, a limited tax benefit, 
                    or a limited tariff benefit.
     44.6a      6. (a) A Senator who requests a congressionally directed 
            spending item, a limited tax benefit, or a limited tariff 
            benefit in any bill or joint resolution (or an accompanying 
            report) or in any conference report (or an accompanying 
            joint statement of managers) shall provide a written 
            statement to the chairman and ranking member of the 
            committee of jurisdiction, including--
                        (1) the name of the Senator;
                        (2) in the case of a congressionally directed 
                    spending item, the name and location of the intended 
                    recipient or, if there is no specifically intended 
                    recipient, the intended location of the activity;
                        (3) in the case of a limited tax or tariff 
                    benefit, identification of the individual or 
                    entities reasonably anticipated to benefit, to the 
                    extent known to the Senator;
                        (4) the purpose of such congressionally directed 
                    spending item or limited tax or tariff benefit; and
                        (5) a certification that neither the Senator nor 
                    the Senator's immediate family has a pecuniary 
                    interest in the item, consistent with the 
                    requirements of paragraph 9.
     44.6b      (b) With respect to each item included in a Senate bill 
            or joint resolution (or accompanying report) reported by 
            committee or considered by the Senate, or included in a 
            conference report (or joint statement of managers 
            accompanying the conference report) considered by the 
            Senate, each committee of jurisdiction shall make available 
            for public inspection on the Internet the certifications 
            under subparagraph (a)(5) as soon as practicable.
      44.7      7. In the case of a bill, joint resolution, or 
            conference report that contains congressionally directed 
            spending items in any classified portion of a report 
            accompanying the measure, the committee of jurisdiction 
            shall, to the greatest extent practicable, consistent with 
            the need to protect national security (including 
            intelligence sources and methods), include on the list 
            required by paragraph 1, 2, or 3 as the case may be, a 
            general program description in unclassified language, 
            funding level, and the name of the sponsor of that 
            congressionally directed spending item.
     44.8a      8. (a) A Senator may raise a point of order against one 
            or more provisions of a conference report if they constitute 
            new directed spending provisions. The Presiding Officer

[[Page 94]]

            may sustain the point of order as to some or all of the 
            provisions against which the Senator raised the point of 
            order.
     44.8b      (b) If the Presiding Officer sustains the point of order 
            as to any of the provisions against which the Senator raised 
            the point of order, then those provisions against which the 
            Presiding Officer sustains the point of order shall be 
            stricken. After all other points of order under this 
            paragraph have been disposed of--
                        (1) the Senate shall proceed to consider the 
                    question of whether the Senate should recede from 
                    its amendment to the House bill, or its disagreement 
                    to the amendment of the House, and concur with a 
                    further amendment, which further amendment shall 
                    consist of only that portion of the conference 
                    report that has not been stricken; and
                        (2) the question in clause (1) shall be decided 
                    under the same debate limitation as the conference 
                    report and no further amendment shall be in order.

     44.8c      (c) Any Senator may move to waive any or all points of 
            order under this paragraph with respect to the pending 
            conference report by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of 
            the Members, duly chosen and sworn. All motions to waive 
            under this paragraph shall be debatable collectively for not 
            to exceed 1 hour equally divided between the Majority Leader 
            and the Minority Leader or their designees. A motion to 
            waive all points of order under this paragraph shall not be 
            amendable.
     44.8d      (d) All appeals from rulings of the Chair under this 
            paragraph shall be debatable collectively for not to exceed 
            1 hour, equally divided between the Majority and the 
            Minority Leader or their designees. An affirmative vote of 
            three-fifths of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and 
            sworn, shall be required in the Senate to sustain an appeal 
            of the ruling of the Chair under this paragraph.
     44.8e      (e) The term ``new directed spending provision'' as used 
            in this paragraph means any item that consists of a specific 
            provision containing a specific level of funding for any 
            specific account, specific program, specific project, or 
            specific activity, when no specific funding was provided for 
            such specific account, specific program, specific project, 
            or specific activity in the measure originally committed to 
            the conferees by either House.

[[Page 95]]


      44.9      9. No Member, officer, or employee of the Senate shall 
            knowingly use his official position to introduce, request, 
            or otherwise aid the progress or passage of congressionally 
            directed spending items, limited tax benefits, or limited 
            tariff benefits a principal purpose of which is to further 
            only his pecuniary interest, only the pecuniary interest of 
            his immediate family, or only the pecuniary interest of a 
            limited class of persons or enterprises, when he or his 
            immediate family, or enterprises controlled by them, are 
            members of the affected class.
     44.10      10. Any Senator may move to waive application of 
            paragraph 1, 2, or 3 with respect to a measure by an 
            affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen 
            and sworn. A motion to waive under this paragraph with 
            respect to a measure shall be debatable for not to exceed 1 
            hour equally divided between the Majority Leader and the 
            Minority Leader or their designees. With respect to points 
            of order raised under paragraphs 1, 2, or 3, only one appeal 
            from a ruling of the Chair shall be in order, and debate on 
            such an appeal from a ruling of the Chair on such point of 
            order shall be limited to one hour.
     44.11      11. Any Senator may move to waive all points of order 
            under this rule with respect to the pending measure or 
            motion by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the 
            Members, duly chosen and sworn. All motions to waive all 
            points of order with respect to a measure or motion as 
            provided by this paragraph shall be debatable collectively 
            for not to exceed 1 hour equally divided between the 
            Majority Leader and the Minority Leader or their designees. 
            A motion to waive all points of order with respect to a 
            measure or motion as provided by this paragraph shall not be 
            amendable.
     44.12      12. Paragraph 1, 2, or 3 of this rule may be waived by 
            joint agreement of the Majority Leader and the Minority 
            Leader of the Senate upon their certification that such 
            waiver is necessary as a result of a significant disruption 
            to Senate facilities or to the availability of the Internet.
            
            

[[Page 97]]
 
            NONSTATUTORY STANDING ORDERS NOT EMBRACED IN THE RULES, AND 
                  RESOLUTIONS AFFECTING THE BUSINESS OF THE SENATE

                                                                 Senate 
                                                                 Manual 
                                                                 Section

                             CHAMBER AND FLOOR PROCEDURE

            Provision for emergency authority relating to 
              Senate adjournments and recesses........................60
            Authorizing regulations relating to the use of 
              official equipment......................................61
            Votes shall be cast from assigned desk....................62
            Authorizing a Senator to bring a young son or 
              daughter of the Senator onto the floor of the 
              Senate during votes.....................................63
            To permit an individual with a disability with 
              access to the Senate floor to bring necessary 
              supporting aids and services............................64
            Flowers in the Senate Chamber.............................65
            Reading of Washington's Farewell Address..................66
            Designation of the ``Daniel Webster Desk''................67
            Designation of the Jefferson Davis Desk...................68
            Designation of the Henry Clay Desk........................69
            Television and radio broadcast of Senate Chamber 
              proceedings.............................................70
            Reading of conference reports.............................71
            Public disclosure of notice of intent to object 
              to a measure or matter..................................72
            Permitting the waiving of the reading of an 
              amendment...............................................73
            To provide for expedited Senate consideration of 
              certain nominations subject to advice and 
              consent.................................................74

                        COMMITTEES AND OTHER SENATE ENTITIES

            Committee on Appropriations authority.....................75
            Consultants for the Committee on Appropriations 
                                                                      76
            Select Committee on Ethics................................77
            Select Committee on Ethics--additional 
              responsibility..........................................78
            Select Committee on Ethics--Chairman and Vice-
              chairman legislative assistants clerk-hire 
              allowance...............................................79
            Authorizing the Select Committee on Ethics to 
              provide training assistance to its 
              professional staff......................................80
            Select Committee on Intelligence..........................81
            Homeland security and intelligence oversight..............82
            Reorganization of Senate committee system.................83
              Special Committee on Aging..............................84
              Committee on Indian Affairs.............................85
              Committee assignments; chairmanships..................85.1
              Scheduling of committee meetings......................85.2
              Continuing review of the committee system.............85.3

[[Page 98]]

            Acceptance of gifts by the Committee on Rules 
              and Administration......................................86
            Authorizing suit by Senate committees.....................87
            National Security Working Group...........................88

                                      EMPLOYEES

            Special Deputies..........................................89
            Office of Deputy President pro tempore....................90
            Managing Political Fund Activity..........................91
            Senate Parliamentarian Emeritus...........................92
            Senate Chief Counsel for Employment Emeritus..............93
            Senate Historian Emeritus.................................94
            Senate Curator Emeritus...................................95
            Senate Security Director Emeritus.........................96
            Persons not full-time employees of the Senate.............97
            Senate pages..............................................98
            Closing the office of a Senator or Senate leader 
              who dies or resigns.....................................99
            Pay of committee staff displaced by change of 
              Chairman or Ranking Minority Member....................100
            Pay of clerical and other assistants as affected 
              by termination of service of appointed 
              Senators...............................................101
            Leave without pay status for certain Senate 
              employees performing service in the uniformed 
              services...............................................102
            Loyalty checks on Senate employees.......................103
            Equal employment opportunities...........................104
            Mandating anti-harassment training for Senators 
              and officers, employees, and interns of, and 
              detailees to the Senate................................105
            Senate youth program.....................................106
            Senior citizen internship program........................107

                                      EXPENSES

            Transportation costs and travel expenses 
              incurred by Members and employees of the 
              Senate when engaged in authorized foreign 
              travel.................................................108
            Documentation required for reimbursements out of 
              Senators' official office expense accounts.............109
            Restrictions on certain expenses payable or 
              reimbursable from a Senator's official office 
              expense account........................................110
            Debt collection..........................................111
            Tort claims procedures...................................112
            Reimbursement of witness expenses........................113
            Authorizing the Senate to participate in 
              government transit programs............................114

                                       ETHICS

            Relative to contributions for costs of civil, 
              criminal, or other legal investigations of 
              Members, officers, or employees of the Senate 
                                                                     115
            Clarifying rules regarding acceptance of pro 
              bono legal services by Senators........................116

[[Page 99]]

            Standards of conduct for Members of the Senate 
              and officers and employees of the Senate...............117
                                                                 Senate 
                                                                 Manual 
                                                                 Section

                                     CEREMONIAL

            Seal of the Senate.......................................118
            Official Senate flag.....................................119
            Seal of the President pro tempore........................120
            Marble busts of Vice Presidents..........................121
            Award of service pins or emblems.........................122
            Designating the old Senate office building and 
              the new Senate office building as the 
              ``Richard Brevard Russell Senate Office 
              Building'' and the ``Everett McKinley Dirksen 
              Senate Office Building'', respectively.................123
            Designating the extension to the Dirksen Senate 
              office building as the ``Philip A. Hart Senate 
              Office Building''......................................124
            Designating Room S-126 of the United States 
              Capitol as the ``Senator Daniel K. Inouye 
              Room''.................................................125
            Prohibition on the removal of art and historic 
              objects from the Senate wing of the Capitol 
              and Senate office buildings for personal use 
                                                                     126
            Commission on Art and Antiquities of the United 
              States Senate..........................................127
            Interparliamentary activities and reception of 
              certain foreign officials..............................128
            Authorizing the display of the Senate Leadership 
              Portrait Collection in the Senate lobby................129
            Establishing a procedure for affixing and 
              removing permanent artwork and semi-permanent 
              artwork in the Senate wing of the Capitol and 
              in the Senate office buildings.........................130

                                       RECORDS

            Public access to Senate records at the National 
              Archives...............................................131
            Printing in the Congressional Record.....................132
            Printing of the Executive Journal........................133
            Printing of memorial tributes to deceased former 
              Members of the Senate..................................134
            Office of Senate Security................................135
            
            

[[Page 101]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
            NONSTATUTORY STANDING ORDERS NOT EMBRACED IN THE RULES, AND 
                  RESOLUTIONS AFFECTING THE BUSINESS OF THE SENATE

            ------------------------------------------------------------

        60      PROVISION FOR EMERGENCY AUTHORITY RELATING TO SENATE 
                              ADJOURNMENTS AND RECESSES

                Resolved, That the presiding officer of the Senate may 
            suspend any proceeding of the Senate, including a rollcall 
            vote or a quorum call, and declare a recess or adjournment 
            of the Senate subject to existing authorities or subject to 
            the call of the Chair, within the limits of article I, 
            section 5, clause 4, of the Constitution, whenever the 
            presiding officer has been notified of an imminent threat.
                Sec. 2. When the Senate is out of session, the majority 
            and minority leaders, or their designees, may, acting 
            jointly and within the limits of article I, section 5, 
            clause 4, of the Constitution, modify any order for the time 
            or place of the convening of the Senate when, in their 
            opinion, such action is warranted by intervening 
            circumstances.

                                     [S. Res. 296, 108-2, Feb. 3, 2004.]

        61    AUTHORIZING REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE USE OF OFFICIAL 
                                      EQUIPMENT

                Resolved, That (a) the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration of the Senate may issue regulations to 
            authorize a Senator or officer or employee of the Senate to 
            use official equipment for purposes incidental to the 
            conduct of their official duties.
                (b) Any use under subsection (a) shall be subject to 
            such terms and conditions as set forth in the regulations.

                                     [S. Res. 238, 108-1, Oct. 2, 2003.]

        62             VOTES SHALL BE CAST FROM ASSIGNED DESK

                Resolved, That it is a standing order of the Senate that 
            during yea and nay votes in the Senate, each Senator shall 
            vote from the assigned desk of the Senator.

                                     [S. Res. 480, 98-2, Oct. 11, 1984.]

[[Page 102]]



        63   AUTHORIZING A SENATOR TO BRING A YOUNG SON OR DAUGHTER OF 
                THE SENATOR ONTO THE FLOOR OF THE SENATE DURING VOTES

                Resolved, Notwithstanding rule XXIII of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate, a Senator who has a son or daughter (as 
            defined in section 101 of the Family and Medical Leave Act 
            of 1993 (29 U.S.C. 2611)) under 1 year of age may bring the 
            son or daughter onto the floor of the Senate during votes.

                                    [S. Res. 463, 115-2, Apr. 18, 2018.]

        64  TO PERMIT AN INDIVIDUAL WITH A DISABILITY WITH ACCESS TO THE 
            SENATE FLOOR TO BRING NECESSARY SUPPORTING AIDS AND SERVICES

                Resolved, That an individual with a disability who has 
            or is granted the privilege of the Senate floor under rule 
            XXIII of the Standing Rules of the Senate may bring 
            necessary supporting aids and services (including service 
            dogs, wheelchairs, and interpreters) on the Senate floor, 
            unless the Senate Sergeant at Arms determines that the use 
            of such supporting aids and services would place a 
            significant difficulty or expense on the operations of the 
            Senate in accordance with paragraph 2 of rule 4 of the Rules 
            for Regulation of the Senate Wing of the United States 
            Capitol.

                                    [S. Res. 110, 105-1, July 31, 1997.]

        65                  FLOWERS IN THE SENATE CHAMBER

                Resolved, That until further orders the Sergeant at Arms 
            is instructed not to permit flowers to be brought into the 
            Senate Chamber.

            [S. Jour. 261, 58-3, Feb. 24, 1905.]

                Resolved, That notwithstanding the resolution of the 
            Senate of February 24, 1905, upon the death of a sitting 
            Senator, the majority leader and the minority leader may 
            permit a display of flowers to be placed upon the desk of 
            the deceased Senator on the day set aside for eulogies.

                                    [S. Res. 221, 98-1, Sept. 15, 1983.]

        66            READING OF WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS

                Ordered, That, unless otherwise directed, on the twenty-
            second day of February in each year, or if that day shall be 
            on Sunday, then on the day following, immediately after the 
            reading of the Journal, Washington's Farewell Address shall 
            be read to the Senate by a Senator to be designated

[[Page 103]]

            for the purpose by the Presiding Officer; and that 
            thereafter the Senate will proceed with its ordinary 
            business.

                                    [S. Jour. 103, 56-2, Jan. 24, 1901.]

        67           DESIGNATION OF THE ``DANIEL WEBSTER DESK''

                Resolved, That during the Ninety-fourth Congress and 
            each Congress thereafter, the desk located within the Senate 
            Chamber and commonly referred to as the ``Daniel Webster 
            Desk'' shall, at the request of the senior Senator from the 
            State of New Hampshire, be assigned to such Senator for use 
            in carrying out his or her Senatorial duties during that 
            Senator's term of office.

                                     [S. Res. 469, 93-2, Dec. 19, 1974.]

        68             DESIGNATION OF THE JEFFERSON DAVIS DESK

                Resolved, That during the One Hundred Fourth Congress 
            and each Congress thereafter, the desk located within the 
            Senate Chamber and used by Senator Jefferson Davis shall, at 
            the request of the senior Senator from the State of 
            Mississippi, be assigned to such Senator, for use in 
            carrying out his or her senatorial duties during that 
            Senator's term of office.

            [S. Res. 161, 104-1, Aug. 8, 1995.]

        69               DESIGNATION OF THE HENRY CLAY DESK

                Resolved, That during the One Hundred Sixth Congress and 
            each Congress thereafter, the desk located within the Senate 
            Chamber and used by Senator Henry Clay shall, at the request 
            of the senior Senator from the State of Kentucky, be 
            assigned to that Senator for use in carrying out his or her 
            senatorial duties during that Senator's term of office.

                                     [S. Res. 89, 106-1, Apr. 28, 1999.]

        70  TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCAST OF SENATE CHAMBER PROCEEDINGS

                Resolved, That (a) the Senate hereby authorizes and 
            directs that there be both television and radio broadcast 
            coverage (together with videotape and audio recordings) of 
            proceedings in the Senate Chamber.
                (b) Such broadcast coverage shall be--
                        (1) provided in accordance with provisions of 
                    this resolution;
                        (2) provided continuously, except for any time 
                    when the Senate is conducting a quorum call, or when 
                    a meeting with closed doors is ordered; and

[[Page 104]]

                        (3) provided subject to the provisions 
                    pertaining to the Senate gallery contained in the 
                    following Standing Rules of the Senate: rule XIX, 
                    paragraphs 6 and 7; rule XXV, paragraph 1(n); and 
                    rule XXXIII, paragraph 2.
                Sec. 2. The radio and television broadcast of Senate 
            proceedings shall be supervised and operated by the Senate.
                Sec. 3. The television broadcast of Senate proceedings 
            shall follow the Presiding Officer and Senators who are 
            speaking, clerks, and the chaplain except during rollcall 
            votes when the television cameras shall show the entire 
            Chamber.
                Sec. 4. (a) The broadcast coverage by radio and 
            television of the proceedings of the Senate shall be 
            implemented as provided in this section.
                (b) The Architect of the Capitol, in consultation with 
            the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, shall--
                        (1) construct necessary broadcasting facilities 
                    for both radio and television (including a control 
                    room and the modification of Senate sound and 
                    lighting fixtures);
                        (2) employ necessary expert consultants; and
                        (3) acquire and install all necessary equipment 
                    and facilities to (A) produce a broadcast-quality 
                    ``live'' audio and color video signal of such 
                    proceedings, and (B) provide an archive-quality 
                    audio and color video tape recording of such 
                    proceedings:
            Provided, That the Architect of the Capitol, in carrying out 
            the duties specified in clauses (1) through (3) of this 
            subsection, shall not enter into any contract for the 
            purchase or installation of equipment, for employment of any 
            consultant, or for the provision of training to any person, 
            unless the same shall first have been approved by the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration.
                (c)(1) \1\ The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the 
            Senate shall--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \1\ As amended, S. Res. 459, 100-2, Sept. 14, 1988.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (A) employ such staff as may be necessary, 
                    working in conjunction with the Senate Recording and 
                    Photographic Studios, to operate and maintain all 
                    broadcast audio and color video equipment installed 
                    pursuant to this resolution;

[[Page 105]]

                        (B) make audio and video tape recordings, and 
                    copies thereof as requested by the Secretary under 
                    paragraph (2) of Senate proceedings; and
                        (C) retain for 30 session-days after the day any 
                    Senate proceedings took place, such recordings 
                    thereof, and as soon thereafter as possible, 
                    transmit to the Secretary of the Senate copies of 
                    such recordings.
            The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, in 
            carrying out the duties specified in subparagraphs (A) and 
            (B), shall comply with appropriate Senate procurement and 
            other regulations.
                (2) The Secretary of the Senate is authorized to obtain 
            from the Sergeant at Arms archival quality video recordings 
            of Senate proceedings and, as soon thereafter as possible, 
            transmit such recordings to the Librarian of Congress and to 
            the Archivist of the United States.
                Sec. 5. (a) Radio coverage of Senate proceedings shall--
                        (1) begin as soon as the necessary equipment has 
                    been installed; and
                        (2) be provided continuously at all times when 
                    the Senate is in session (or is meeting in Committee 
                    of the Whole), except for any time when a meeting 
                    with closed doors is ordered.
                Sec. 6.\2\ (a) The use of any tape duplication of radio 
            or television coverage of the proceedings of the Senate for 
            political campaign purposes is strictly prohibited.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \2\ As amended, S. Res. 431, 100-2, June 7, 1988.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), any tape 
            duplication of radio or television coverage of the 
            proceedings of the Senate furnished to any person or 
            organization shall be made on the condition, agreed to in 
            writing, that the tape duplication shall not be used for 
            political campaign purposes.
                (2) Any public or commercial news organization furnished 
            a tape duplication described in paragraph (1) shall be 
            subject to the provisions of paragraph (1) but shall not be 
            required to enter into a written agreement.
                Sec. 7. Any changes in the regulations made by this 
            resolution shall be made only by Senate resolution. However, 
            the Committee on Rules and Administration may adopt such 
            procedures and such regulations, which do not contravene the 
            regulations made by this resolution, as it deems necessary 
            to assure the proper implementation of the purposes of this 
            resolution.

[[Page 106]]

                Sec. 8. Such funds as may be necessary (but not in 
            excess of $3,500,000) to carry out this resolution shall be 
            expended from the contingent fund of the Senate.

                                    * * * * * * *

                Sec. 14. Provided, that if the Senate authorizes the 
            permanent televising of the Senate pursuant to section 15, 
            that radio and television coverage of the Senate shall be 
            made available on a ``live'' basis and free of charge to (1) 
            any accredited member of the Senate Radio and Television 
            Correspondents Gallery, (2) the coaxial cable system of the 
            Architect of the Capitol, and (3) such other news gathering, 
            educational, or information distributing entity as may be 
            authorized by the Committee on Rules and Administration to 
            receive such broadcasts.
                Sec. 15. Television coverage of the Senate shall cease 
            at the close of business July 15, 1986, and television 
            coverage of the Senate and the rules changes contained 
            herein shall continue, if the Senate agrees to the question, 
            which shall be put one hour after the Senate convenes on 
            July 29, 1986, ``Shall radio and television coverage 
            continue after this date, and shall the rules changes 
            contained herein continue?''.\3\ There shall be twelve hours 
            of debate on this question, to be equally divided and 
            controlled in the usual form, at the end of which any 
            Senator may propose as an alternative the question, ``Shall 
            the test period continue for thirty days?''. On this 
            question there shall be one hour of debate, equally divided 
            and controlled in the usual form. If this question is 
            decided in the affirmative, then thirty days hence, one hour 
            after the Senate convenes, the Senate shall proceed to vote 
            without intervening action on the question, ``Shall radio 
            and television coverage continue after this date and shall 
            the rules changes contained herein continue?''.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \3\ Pursuant to this provision, the question was 
            considered and decided in the affirmative by a vote of 78-
            21. See Daily Cong. Rec., 99th Cong., 2d sess., July 29, 
            1986, pp. 9750-9775.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Sec. 16. Provided, that official noting of a Senator's 
            absence from committees while the Senate is on television is 
            prohibited.

            [S. Res. 28, 99-2, Feb. 27, 1986.]

                Sec. 17. The Secretary of the Senate shall, subject to 
            the approval of the Senate Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, contract with the Secretary of Education to 
            provide closed captioning of the Senate floor proceedings. 
            The Senate authorizes the Secretary of Education to have ac

[[Page 107]]

            cess to the audio and video broadcast of the Senate floor 
            proceedings for the purpose of captioning. Such funds as may 
            be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section are 
            authorized to be paid from the contingent fund of the 
            Senate.

            [S. Res. 13, 101-1, June 21, 1989.]

                Resolved, That, notwithstanding any other provision of 
            S. Res. 28, agreed to February 27, 1986, television coverage 
            of the Senate shall resume July 21, 1986 under the same 
            basis as provided during the live test period under section 
            5 of S. Res. 28 unless the Senate votes pursuant to section 
            15 of S. Res. 28 to end coverage.

            [S. Res. 444, 99-2, July 15, 1986.]

        71                  READING OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                Sec. 903. Beginning on the first day of the 107th 
            Congress, the Presiding Officer of the Senate shall apply 
            all of the precedents of the Senate under Rule XXVIII in 
            effect at the conclusion of the 103d Congress. Further that 
            there is now in effect a Standing order of the Senate that 
            the reading of conference reports is no longer required, if 
            the said conference report is available in the Senate.

              [Pub. L. 106-554, Div. A, ch. 9, Sec. 903, Dec. 21, 2000.]

        72  PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF NOTICE OF INTENT TO OBJECT TO A MEASURE 
                                      OR MATTER

                Resolved
                Sec. 1. Eliminating Secret Senate Holds.
                (a) In General.--
                        (1) Covered Request.--This standing order shall 
                    apply to a notice of intent to object to the 
                    following covered requests:
                                (A) A unanimous consent request to 
                            proceed to a bill, resolution, joint 
                            resolution, concurrent resolution, 
                            conference report, or amendment between the 
                            Houses.
                                (B) A unanimous consent request to pass 
                            a bill or joint resolution or adopt a 
                            resolution, concurrent resolution, 
                            conference report, or the disposition of an 
                            amendment between the Houses.
                                (C) A unanimous consent request for the 
                            disposition of a nomination.
                        (2) Recognition of Notice of Intent.--The 
                    majority and minority leaders of the Senate or their 
                    designees shall recognize a notice of intent to 
                    object to a covered

[[Page 108]]

                    request of a Senator who is a member of their caucus 
                    if the Senator--
                                (A) submits the notice of intent to 
                            object in writing to the appropriate leader 
                            and grants in the notice of intent to object 
                            permission for the leader or designee to 
                            object in the Senator's name; and
                                (B) not later than 2 session days after 
                            submitting the notice of intent to object to 
                            the appropriate leader, submits a copy of 
                            the notice of intent to object to the 
                            Congressional Record and to the Legislative 
                            Clerk for inclusion in the applicable 
                            calendar section described in subsection 
                            (b).
                        (3) Form of Notice.--To be recognized by the 
                    appropriate leader a Senator shall submit the 
                    following notice of intent to object:
                                ``I, Senator --------------, intend to 
                            object to ------------, dated --------------
                            --. I will submit a copy of this notice to 
                            the Legislative Clerk and the Congressional 
                            Record within 2 session days and I give my 
                            permission to the objecting Senator to 
                            object in my name.''. The first blank shall 
                            be filled with the name of the Senator, the 
                            second blank shall be filled with the name 
                            of the covered request, the name of the 
                            measure or matter and, if applicable, the 
                            calendar number, and the third blank shall 
                            be filled with the date that the notice of 
                            intent to object is submitted.
                        (4) Notices on the Senate Floor.--The 
                    requirement to submit a notice of intent to object 
                    to the Legislative Clerk and the Congressional 
                    Record shall not apply in the event a Senator 
                    objects on the floor of the Senate and states the 
                    following:
                                ``I object to ----------------, on 
                            behalf of Senator ----------------.''
                (b) Calendar.--
                        (1) Objection.--Upon receiving the submission 
                    under subsection (a)(2)(B), the Legislative Clerk 
                    shall add the information from the notice of intent 
                    to object to the applicable Calendar section 
                    entitled `Notices of Intent to Object to Proceeding' 
                    created by Public Law 110-81. Each section shall 
                    include the name of each Senator filing a notice 
                    under subsection (a)(2)(B), the measure or matter 
                    covered by the calendar to

[[Page 109]]

                    which the notice of intent to object relates, and 
                    the date the notice of intent to object was filed.
                        (2) Objection on Behalf.--In the case of an 
                    objection made under subsection (a)(4), not later 
                    than 2 session days after the objection is made on 
                    the floor, the Legislative Clerk shall add the 
                    information from such objection to the applicable 
                    Calendar section entitled ``Notices of Intent to 
                    Object to Proceeding'' created by Public Law 110-81. 
                    Each section shall include the name of the Senator 
                    on whose behalf the objection was made, the measure 
                    or matter objected to, and the date the objection 
                    was made on the floor.
                (c) Removal.--A Senator may have notice of intent to 
            object relating to that Senator removed from a calendar to 
            which it was added under subsection (b) by submitting to the 
            Legislative Clerk the following notice:
                                ``I, Senator ------------------, do not 
                            object to ----------------, dated ----------
                            ------.'' The first blank shall be filled 
                            with the name of the Senator, the second 
                            blank shall be filled with the name of the 
                            covered request, the name of the measure or 
                            matter and, if applicable, the calendar 
                            number, and the third blank shall be filled 
                            with the date of the submission to the 
                            Legislative Clerk under this subsection.
                (d) Objecting on Behalf of a Member.--Except with 
            respect to objections made under subsection (a)(4), if a 
            Senator who has notified his or her leader of an intent to 
            object to a covered request fails to submit a notice of 
            intent to object under subsection (a)(2)(b) within 2 session 
            days following an objection to a covered request by the 
            leader or his or her designee on that Senator's behalf, the 
            Legislative Clerk shall list the Senator who made the 
            objection to the covered request in the applicable ``Notice 
            of Intent to Object to Proceeding'' calendar section.

            [S. Res. 28, 112-1, Jan. 27, 2011.]

        73      PERMITTING THE WAIVING OF THE READING OF AN AMENDMENT

                Resolved,
                Sec. 1. Reading of Amendments.
                        (a) Standing Order.--This section shall be a 
                    standing order of the Senate.
                        (b) Waiver.--The reading of an amendment may be 
                    waived by a non-debatable motion if the amendment--

[[Page 110]]

                                (1) has been submitted at least 72 hours 
                            before the motion; and
                                (2) is available in printed or 
                            electronic form in the Congressional Record.

            [S. Res. 29, 112-1, Jan. 27, 2011.]

        74    TO PROVIDE FOR EXPEDITED SENATE CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN 
                      NOMINATIONS SUBJECT TO ADVICE AND CONSENT

                Resolved,
                Sec. 1. Procedure For Consideration.
                (a) Privileged Nominations; Information Requested--Upon 
            receipt by the Senate of a nomination described in section 
            2, the nomination shall--
                        (1) be placed on the Executive Calendar under 
                    the heading `Privileged Nominations--Information 
                    Requested'; and
                        (2) remain on the Executive Calendar under such 
                    heading until the Executive Clerk receives a written 
                    certification from the Chairman of the committee of 
                    jurisdiction under subsection (b).
                (b) Questionnaires--The Chairman of the committee of 
            jurisdiction shall notify the Executive Clerk in writing 
            when the appropriate biographical and financial 
            questionnaires have been received from an individual 
            nominated for a position described in section 2.
                (c) Privileged Nominations; Information Received--Upon 
            receipt of the certification under subsection (b), the 
            nomination shall--
                        (1) be placed on the Executive Calendar under 
                    the heading `Privileged Nomination--Information 
                    Received' and remain on the Executive Calendar under 
                    such heading for 10 session days; and
                        (2) after the expiration of the period referred 
                    to in paragraph (1), be placed on the `Nominations' 
                    section of the Executive Calendar.
                (d) Referral to Committee of Jurisdiction--During the 
            period when a nomination described in subsection (a) is 
            listed under the `Privileged Nomination--Information 
            Requested' section of the Executive Calendar described in 
            section (a)(1) or the `Privileged Nomination--Information 
            Received' section of the Executive Calendar described in 
            section (c)(1)--
                        (1) any Senator may request on his or her own 
                    behalf, or on the behalf of any identified Senator 
                    that the nomination be referred to the appropriate 
                    committee of jurisdiction; and

[[Page 111]]

                        (2) if a Senator makes a request described in 
                    paragraph (1), the nomination shall be referred to 
                    the appropriate committee of jurisdiction.
                Sec. 2. Nominations Covered.
                The following nominations for the positions described 
            (including total number of individuals to be appointed for 
            the position) shall be considered under the provisions of 
            this resolution:
                        (1) The Chairman and the Members of the Advisory 
                    Board for Cuba Broadcasting (9 Members including 
                    Chairman).
                        (2) The Chairman and the Members of the 
                    Corporation for National and Community Service (15 
                    Members including Chairman).
                        (3) The Chairman and the Members of the Federal 
                    Retirement Thrift Investment Boards (5 Members 
                    including Chairman).
                        (4) The Members of the Internal Revenue Service 
                    Oversight Board (7 Members).
                        (5) The Members of the Board of the Millennium 
                    Challenge Corporation (4 Members).
                        (6) The Members of the National Council on the 
                    Arts (18 Members).
                        (7) The Members of the National Council for the 
                    Humanities (26 Members).
                        (8) The Members of the Board of Directors of the 
                    Overseas Private Investment Corporation (8 Members).
                        (9) The Members of the Peace Corps National 
                    Advisory Council (15 Members).
                        (10) The Chairman, Vice Chairman, and the 
                    Members of the Board of Directors for the United 
                    States Institute of Peace (12 Members including 
                    Chairman and Vice Chairman).
                        (11) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (5 
                    Members).
                        (12) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the National Consumer Cooperative Bank (3 Members).
                        (13) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the National Institute of Building Sciences (6 
                    Members).
                        (14) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (5 
                    Members).

[[Page 112]]

                        (15) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority (3 
                    Members).
                        (16) The Members of the Saint Lawrence Seaway 
                    Development Corporation Advisory Board (5 Members).
                        (17) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in 
                    National Environmental Policy Foundation (9 
                    Members).
                        (18) The Members the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (2 Members).
                        (19) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Federal Old Age and Survivors Trust Fund and 
                    Disability Insurance Trust Fund (2 Members).
                        (20) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund 
                    (2 Members).
                        (21) The Members of the Social Security Advisory 
                    Board (3 Members).
                        (22) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the African Development Foundation (7 Members).
                        (23) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the Inter American Foundation (9 Members).
                        (24) The Commissioners of the United States 
                    Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy (7 Members).
                        (25) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in 
                    Education Foundation (8 Members).
                        (26) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    Harry Truman Scholarship Foundation (8 Members).
                        (27) The Members of the Board of Trustees of the 
                    James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (6 
                    Members).
                        (28) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the Legal Services Corporation (11 Members).
                        (29) The Members of the Foreign Claims 
                    Settlement Commission (2 Members).
                        (30) The Members of the Board of Directors of 
                    the State Justice Institute (11 Members).
                        (31) Chief Financial Officer, from the 
                    following:
                                (A) Department of Agriculture.
                                (B) Department of Commerce.
                                (C) Department of Defense.
                                (D) Department of Education.
                                (E) Department of Energy.

[[Page 113]]

                                (F) Department of Environmental 
                            Protection Agency.
                                (G) Department of Health and Human 
                            Services.
                                (H) Department of Homeland Security.
                                (I) Department of Housing and Urban 
                            Development.
                                (J) Department of the Interior.
                                (K) Department of Labor.
                                (L) National Aeronautics and Space 
                            Administration.
                                (M) Department of State.
                                (N) Department of Transportation.
                                (O) Department of the Treasury.
                                (P) Department of Veterans Affairs.
                        (32) Assistant Secretary for Financial 
                    Management of the Air Force.
                        (33) Assistant Secretary for Financial 
                    Management of the Army.
                        (34) Assistant Secretary for Financial 
                    Management of Navy.
                        (35) Controller, Office of Federal Financial 
                    Management, Office of Management and Budget.
                        (36) Assistant Secretaries or other officials 
                    whose primary responsibility is legislative affairs 
                    from the following:
                                (A) Department of Agriculture.
                                (B) Department of Energy.
                                (C) Department of Defense.
                                (D) Department of Housing and Urban 
                            Development.
                                (E) Department of Commerce.
                                (F) Department of Treasury.
                                (G) Department of State.
                                (H) Department of Health and Human 
                            Services.
                                (I) United States Agency for 
                            International Development.
                                (J) Department of Education.
                                (K) Department of Labor.
                                (L) Department of Justice.
                                (M) Department of Veterans Affairs.
                                (N) Department of Transportation.
                        (37) Commissioner, Rehabilitative Services 
                    Administration, Department of Education.

[[Page 114]]

                        (38) Commissioner, Administration for Children, 
                    Youth, and Families, Department of Health and Human 
                    Services.
                        (39) Commissioner, Administration for Native 
                    Americans, Department of Health and Human Services.
                        (40) Federal Coordinator, Alaska Natural Gas 
                    Transportation Projects.
                        (41) Assistant Secretary for Administration, 
                    Department of Commerce.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \4\ Sec. 324 of Pub. L. 114-1, Jan. 12, 2015, 
            established that the 13 members of the Board of Directors of 
            the National Association of Registered Agents and Brokers, 
            ``shall be appointed by the President, by and with the 
            advice and consent of the Senate, in accordance with the 
            procedures established under Senate Resolution 116 of the 
            112th Congress.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Sec. 3. Executive Calendar.
                The Secretary of the Senate shall create the appropriate 
            sections on the Executive Calendar to reflect and effectuate 
            the requirements of this resolution.
                Sec. 4. Committee Justification for New Executive 
            Positions.
                The report accompanying each bill or joint resolution of 
            a public character reported by any committee shall contain 
            an evaluation and justification made by such committee for 
            the establishment in the measure being reported of any new 
            position appointed by the President within an existing or 
            new Federal entity.
                Sec. 5. Effective Date.
                This resolution shall take effect 60 days after the date 
            of adoption of this resolution.

            [S. Res. 116, 112-1, Jun. 29, 2011.]

        75              COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS AUTHORITY

                Resolved, That for the purpose of obtaining and laying 
            factual data and information before the Senate Committee on 
            Appropriations, or any subcommittee thereof, for its 
            consideration in the discharge of its functions, the 
            chairman or acting chairman of said committee is hereby 
            authorized and directed, within the limit of funds made 
            available by resolutions of the Senate, to appoint and 
            employ such experts as he may deem necessary to obtain such 
            data and information, and such experts, upon the written 
            authority of the chairman or acting chairman, shall have the 
            right to examine the books, documents, papers, reports, or 
            other records of any department, agency, or establishment of 
            the

[[Page 115]]

            Federal Government in the District of Columbia and 
            elsewhere; be it further
                Resolved, That the said committee through its chairman 
            is hereby authorized, within the limit of funds made 
            available by resolutions of the Senate, to appoint 
            additional clerical help and assistants.

             [S. Res. 193, 78-1, Oct. 14, 1943; S. Res. 281, 96-2, Mar. 
                                                              11, 1980.]

        76         CONSULTANTS FOR THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

                Resolved, That within the limit of funds appropriated 
            for expenses of inquiries and investigations for the 
            Committee on Appropriations, the committee may expend such 
            sums as it deems appropriate and necessary for the 
            procurement of the services of individual consultants or 
            organizations. Such services in the case of individuals or 
            organizations may be procured by contract as independent 
            contractors, or in the case of individuals by employment at 
            daily rates of compensation not in excess of the per diem 
            equivalent of the highest gross rate of compensation which 
            may be paid to a regular employee of the committee. Such 
            contracts may be made in the same manner and subject to the 
            same conditions with respect to advertising as required of 
            other standing committees of the Senate under section 
            202(i)(2) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, as 
            amended.

            [S. Res. 140, 94-1, May 14, 1975.]

        77                   SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS

                Resolved, That (a) there is hereby established a 
            permanent select committee of the Senate to be known as the 
            Select Committee on Ethics (referred to hereinafter as the 
            ``Select Committee'') consisting of six Members of the 
            Senate, of whom three shall be selected from members of the 
            majority party and three shall be selected from members of 
            the minority party. Members thereof shall be appointed by 
            the Senate in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 
            of rule XXIV of the Standing Rules of the Senate at the 
            beginning of each Congress. The Select Committee shall 
            select a chairman or a vice chairman from among its members. 
            For purposes of paragraph 4\5\ of rule XXV of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate, service of a Senator as a member or 
            chairman of the Select Committee shall not be taken into 
            account.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \5\ Changed from ``paragraph 6'' as a result of the 
            adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979.

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[[Page 116]]

                (b) Vacancies in the membership of the Select Committee 
            shall not affect the authority of the remaining members to 
            execute the functions of the committee, and shall be filled 
            in the same manner as original appointments thereto are 
            made.
                (c)(1) A majority of the members of the Select Committee 
            shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business 
            involving complaints and allegations of misconduct, 
            including the consideration of matters involving sworn 
            complaints, unsworn allegations or information, resultant 
            preliminary inquiries, initial reviews, investigations, 
            hearings, recommendations or reports, and matters relating 
            to S. Res. 400, agreed to May 19, 1976.
                (2) Three members shall constitute a quorum for the 
            transaction of the routine business of the Select Committee 
            not covered by the first paragraph of this subparagraph, 
            including requests for opinions and interpretations 
            concerning the Code of Official Conduct or any other statute 
            or regulation under the jurisdiction of the Select 
            Committee, if one member of the quorum is a member of the 
            majority party and one member of the quorum is a member of 
            the minority party. During the transaction of routine 
            business any member of the Select Committee constituting the 
            quorum shall have the right to postpone further discussion 
            of a pending matter until such time as a majority of the 
            members of the Select Committee are present.
                (3) The Select Committee may fix a lesser number as a 
            quorum for the purpose of taking sworn testimony.
                (d) (Repealed by S. Res. 271, 96-1, Oct. 31, 1979.)
                (e)(1) A member of the Select Committee shall be 
            ineligible to participate in any initial review or 
            investigation relating to his own conduct, the conduct of 
            any officer or employee he supervises, or the conduct of any 
            employee of any officer he supervises, or relating to any 
            complaint filed by him, and the determinations and 
            recommendations of the Select Committee with respect 
            thereto. For purposes of this subparagraph, a Member of the 
            Select Committee and an officer of the Senate shall be 
            deemed to supervise any officer or employee consistent with 
            the provision of paragraph 11 of rule XXXVII\6\ of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \6\ Changed from ``paragraph 12 of rule XLV'' as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979; 
            further changed from ``paragraph 11 of rule XLV'' as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 389, 96-2, Mar. 25, 1980.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 117]]

                (2) A member of the Select Committee may, at his 
            discretion, disqualify himself from participating in any 
            initial review or investigation pending before the Select 
            Committee and the determinations and recommendations of the 
            Select Committee with respect thereto. Notice of such 
            disqualification shall be given in writing to the President 
            of the Senate.
                (3) Whenever any member of the Select Committee is 
            ineligible under paragraph (1) to participate in any initial 
            review or investigation or disqualifies himself under 
            paragraph (2) from participating in any initial review or 
            investigation, another Member of the Senate shall, subject 
            to the provisions of subsection (d), be appointed to serve 
            as a member of the Select Committee solely for purposes of 
            such initial review or investigation and the determinations 
            and recommendations of the Select Committee with respect 
            thereto. Any Member of the Senate appointed for such 
            purposes shall be of the same party as the Member who is 
            ineligible or disqualifies himself.
                Sec. 2. (a) It shall be the duty of the Select Committee 
            to--
                        (1) receive complaints and investigate 
                    allegations of improper conduct which may reflect 
                    upon the Senate, violations of law, violations of 
                    the Senate Code of Official Conduct, and violations 
                    of rules and regulations of the Senate, relating to 
                    the conduct of individuals in the performance of 
                    their duties as Members of the Senate, or as 
                    officers or employees of the Senate, and to make 
                    appropriate findings of fact and conclusions with 
                    respect thereto;
                        (2) recommend to the Senate by report or 
                    resolution by a majority vote of the full committee 
                    disciplinary action (including, but not limited to, 
                    in the case of a Member: censure, expulsion, or 
                    recommendation to the appropriate party conference 
                    regarding such Member's seniority or positions of 
                    responsibility; and, in the case of an officer or 
                    employee: suspension or dismissal) to be taken with 
                    respect to such violations which the Select 
                    Committee shall determine, after according to the 
                    individuals concerned due notice and opportunity for 
                    hearing, to have occurred;
                        (3) recommend to the Senate, by report or 
                    resolution, such additional rules or regulations as 
                    the Select Committee shall determine to be necessary 
                    or desirable to insure proper standards of conduct 
                    by Mem

[[Page 118]]

                    bers of the Senate, and by officers or employees of 
                    the Senate, in the performance of their duties and 
                    the discharge of their responsibilities; and
                        (4) report violations by a majority vote of the 
                    full committee of any law to the proper Federal and 
                    State authorities.
                (b)(1) Each sworn complaint filed with the Select 
            Committee shall be in writing, shall be in such form as the 
            Select Committee may prescribe by regulation, and shall be 
            under oath.
                (2) For purposes of this section, ``sworn complaint'' 
            means a statement of facts within the personal knowledge of 
            the complainant alleging a violation of law, the Senate Code 
            of Official Conduct, or any other rule or regulation of the 
            Senate relating to the conduct of individuals in the 
            performance of their duties as Members, officers, or 
            employees of the Senate.
                (3) Any person who knowingly and willfully swears 
            falsely to a sworn complaint does so under penalty of 
            perjury, and the Select Committee may refer any such case to 
            the Attorney General for prosecution.
                (4) For the purposes of this section, ``investigation'' 
            is a proceeding undertaken by the Select Committee after a 
            finding, on the basis of an initial review, that there is 
            substantial credible evidence which provides substantial 
            cause for the Select Committee to conclude that a violation 
            within the jurisdiction of the Select Committee has 
            occurred.
                (c)(1) No investigation of conduct of a Member or 
            officer of the Senate, and no report, resolution, or 
            recommendation relating thereto, may be made unless approved 
            by the affirmative recorded vote of not less than four 
            members of the Select Committee.
                (2) No other resolution, report, recommendation, 
            interpretative ruling, or advisory opinion may be made 
            without an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of 
            the Select Committee voting.
                (d)(1) When the Select Committee receives a sworn 
            complaint against a Member or officer of the Senate, it 
            shall promptly conduct an initial review of that complaint. 
            The initial review shall be of duration and scope necessary 
            to determine whether there is substantial credible evidence 
            which provides substantial cause for the Select Committee to 
            conclude that a violation within the jurisdiction of the 
            Select Committee has occurred.

[[Page 119]]

                (2) If as a result of an initial review under paragraph 
            (1), the Select Committee determines by a recorded vote that 
            there is not such substantial credible evidence, the Select 
            Committee shall report such determination to the complainant 
            and to the party charged, together with an explanation of 
            the basis of such determination.
                (3) If as a result of an initial review under paragraph 
            (1), the Select Committee determines that a violation is 
            inadvertent, technical, or otherwise of a de minimis nature, 
            the Select Committee may attempt to correct or prevent such 
            a violation by informal methods.
                (4) If as the result of an initial review under 
            paragraph (1), the Select Committee determines that there is 
            such substantial credible evidence but that the violation, 
            if proven, is neither of a de minimis nature nor 
            sufficiently serious to justify any of the penalties 
            expressly referred to in subsection (a)(2), the Select 
            Committee may propose a remedy it deems appropriate. If the 
            matter is thereby resolved, a summary of the Select 
            Committee's conclusions and the remedy proposed shall be 
            filed as a public record with the Secretary of the Senate 
            and a notice of such filing shall be printed in the 
            Congressional Record.
                (5) If as the result of an initial review under 
            paragraph (1), the Select Committee determines that there is 
            such substantial credible evidence, the Select Committee 
            shall promptly conduct an investigation if (A) the 
            violation, if proven, would be sufficiently serious, in the 
            judgment of the Select Committee, to warrant imposition of 
            one or more of the penalties expressly referred to in 
            subsection (a)(2), or (B) the violation, if proven, is less 
            serious, but was not resolved pursuant to paragraph (4) 
            above. Upon the conclusion of such investigation, the Select 
            Committee shall report to the Senate, as soon as 
            practicable, the results of such investigation together with 
            its recommendations (if any) pursuant to subsection (a)(2).
                (6) Upon the conclusion of any other investigation 
            respecting the conduct of a Member or officer undertaken by 
            the Select Committee, the Select Committee shall report to 
            the Senate, as soon as practicable, the results of such 
            investigation together with its recommendations (if any) 
            pursuant to subsection (a)(2).
                (e) When the Select Committee receives a sworn complaint 
            against an employee of the Senate, it shall consider the 
            complaint according to procedures it deems appro

[[Page 120]]

            priate. If the Select Committee determines that the 
            complaint is without substantial merit, it shall notify the 
            complainant and the accused of its determination, together 
            with an explanation of the basis of such determination.
                (f) The Select Committee may, in its discretion, employ 
            hearing examiners to hear testimony and make findings of 
            fact and/or recommendations to the Select Committee 
            concerning the disposition of complaints.
                (g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, 
            no initial review or investigation shall be made of any 
            alleged violation of any law, the Senate Code of Official 
            Conduct, rule, or regulation which was not in effect at the 
            time the alleged violation occurred. No provision of the 
            Senate Code of Official Conduct shall apply to or require 
            disclosure of any act, relationship, or transaction which 
            occurred prior to the effective date of the applicable 
            provision of the Code. The Select Committee may conduct an 
            initial review or investigation of any alleged violation of 
            a rule or law which was in effect prior to the enactment of 
            the Senate Code of Official Conduct if the alleged violation 
            occurred while such rule or law was in effect and the 
            violation was not a matter resolved on the merits by the 
            predecessor Select Committee.
                (h) The Select Committee shall adopt written rules 
            setting forth procedures to be used in conducting 
            investigations of complaints.
                (i) The Select Committee from time to time shall 
            transmit to the Senate its recommendation as to any 
            legislative measures which it may consider to be necessary 
            for the effective discharge of its duties.
                Sec. 3. (a) The Select Committee is authorized to (1) 
            make such expenditures; (2) hold such hearings; (3) sit and 
            act at such times and places during the sessions, recesses, 
            and adjournment periods of the Senate; (4) require by 
            subpoena or otherwise the attendance of such witnesses and 
            the production of such correspondence, books, papers, and 
            documents; (5) administer such oaths; (6) take such 
            testimony orally or by deposition; (7) employ and fix the 
            compensation of a staff director, a counsel, an assistant 
            counsel, one or more investigators, one or more hearing 
            examiners, and such technical, clerical, and other 
            assistants and consultants as it deems advisable; and (8) to 
            procure the temporary services (not in excess of one year) 
            or intermittent services of individual consultants, or 
            organizations

[[Page 121]]

            thereof, by contract as independent contractors or, in the 
            case of individuals, by employment at daily rates of 
            compensation not in excess of the per diem equivalent of the 
            highest rate of compensation which may be paid to a regular 
            employee of the Select Committee.
                (b)(1) The Select Committee is authorized to retain and 
            compensate counsel not employed by the Senate (or by any 
            department or agency of the executive branch of the 
            Government) whenever the Select Committee determines that 
            the retention of outside counsel is necessary or appropriate 
            for any action regarding any complaint or allegation, which, 
            in the determination of the Select Committee is more 
            appropriately conducted by counsel not employed by the 
            Government of the United States as a regular employee.
                (2) Any investigation conducted under section 2 shall be 
            conducted by outside counsel as authorized in paragraph (1), 
            unless the Select Committee determines not to use outside 
            counsel.
                (c) With the prior consent of the department or agency 
            concerned, the Select Committee may (1) utilize the 
            services, information, and facilities of any such department 
            or agency of the Government, and (2) employ on a 
            reimbursable basis or otherwise the services of such 
            personnel of any such department or agency as it deems 
            advisable. With the consent of any other committee of the 
            Senate, or any subcommittee thereof, the Select Committee 
            may utilize the facilities and the services of the staff of 
            such other committee or subcommittee whenever the chairman 
            of the Select Committee determines that such action is 
            necessary and appropriate.
                (d) Subpoenas may be issued (1) by the Select Committee 
            or (2) by the chairman and vice chairman, acting jointly. 
            Any such subpoena shall be signed by the chairman or the 
            vice chairman and may be served by any person designated by 
            such chairman or vice chairman. The chairman of the Select 
            Committee or any member thereof may administer oaths to 
            witnesses.
                (e)(1) The Select Committee shall prescribe and publish 
            such regulations as it feels are necessary to implement the 
            Senate Code of Official Conduct.
                (2) The Select Committee is authorized to issue 
            interpretative rulings explaining and clarifying the 
            application of

[[Page 122]]

            any law, the Code of Official Conduct, or any rule or 
            regulation of the Senate within its jurisdiction.
                (3) The Select Committee shall render an advisory 
            opinion, in writing within a reasonable time, in response to 
            a written request by a Member or officer of the Senate or a 
            candidate for nomination for election, or election to the 
            Senate, concerning the application of any law, the Senate 
            Code of Official Conduct, or any rule or regulation of the 
            Senate within its jurisdiction to a specific factual 
            situation pertinent to the conduct or proposed conduct of 
            the person seeking the advisory opinion.
                (4) The Select Committee may in its discretion render an 
            advisory opinion in writing within a reasonable time in 
            response to a written request by any employee of the Senate 
            concerning the application of any law, the Senate Code of 
            Official Conduct, or any rule or regulation of the Senate 
            within its jurisdiction to a specific factual situation 
            pertinent to the conduct or proposed conduct of the person 
            seeking the advisory opinion.
                (5) Notwithstanding any provision of the Senate Code of 
            Official Conduct or any rule or regulation of the Senate, 
            any person who relies upon any provision or finding of an 
            advisory opinion in accordance with the provisions of 
            paragraphs (3) and (4) and who acts in good faith in 
            accordance with the provisions and findings of such advisory 
            opinion shall not, as a result of any such act, be subject 
            to any sanction by the Senate.
                (6) Any advisory opinion rendered by the Select 
            Committee under paragraphs (3) and (4) may be relied upon by 
            (A) any person involved in the specific transaction or 
            activity with respect to which such advisory opinion is 
            rendered: Provided, however, That the request for such 
            advisory opinion included a complete and accurate statement 
            of the specific factual situation; and (B) any person 
            involved in any specific transaction or activity which is 
            indistinguishable in all its material aspects from the 
            transaction or activity with respect to which such advisory 
            opinion is rendered.
                (7) Any advisory opinion issued in response to a request 
            under paragraph (3) or (4) shall be printed in the 
            Congressional Record with appropriate deletions to assure 
            the privacy of the individual concerned. The Select 
            Committee shall to the extent practicable, before rendering 
            an advisory opinion, provide any interested party with an 
            opportunity

[[Page 123]]

            to transmit written comments to the Select Committee with 
            respect to the request for such advisory opinion. The 
            advisory opinions issued by the Select Committee shall be 
            compiled, indexed, reproduced, and made available on a 
            periodic basis.
                (8) A brief description of a waiver granted under 
            section 102(a)(2)(B) of Title I of Ethics in Government Act 
            of 1978\7\ or paragraph 1 of rule XXXV\8\ of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate shall be made available upon request in 
            the Select Committee office with appropriate deletions to 
            assure the privacy of the individual concerned.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \7\Changed from ``paragraph 2(c), of rule XLII'' as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 220, 96-1, Aug. 3, 1979.
                \8\Changed from ``paragraph 1 of rule XLIII'' as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 389, 96-2, Mar. 25, 1980.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Sec. 4. The expenses of the Select Committee under this 
            resolution shall be paid from the contingent fund of the 
            Senate upon vouchers approved by the chairman of the Select 
            Committee.
                Sec. 5. As used in this resolution, the term ``officer 
            or employee of the Senate'' means--
                        (1) an elected officer of the Senate who is not 
                    a Member of the Senate;
                        (2) an employee of the Senate, any committee or 
                    subcommittee of the Senate, or any Member of the 
                    Senate;
                        (3) the Legislative Counsel of the Senate or any 
                    employee of his office;
                        (4) an Official Reporter of Debates of the 
                    Senate and any person employed by the Official 
                    Reporters of Debates of the Senate in connection 
                    with the performance of their official duties;
                        (5) a member of the Capitol Police force whose 
                    compensation is disbursed by the Secretary of the 
                    Senate;
                        (6) an employee of the Vice President if such 
                    employee's compensation is disbursed by the 
                    Secretary of the Senate;
                        (7) an employee of a joint committee of the 
                    Congress whose compensation is disbursed by the 
                    Secretary of the Senate.

            [S. Res. 338, 88-2, July 24, 1964; S. Res. 368, 93-2, July 
            25, 1974; S. Res. 4, 95-1, Feb. 4, 1977; S. Res. 110, 95-1, 
            Apr. 1, 1977; S. Res. 230, 95-1, July 25, 1977; S. Res. 312, 
            95-1, Nov. 1, 1977; S. Res. 271, 96-1, Oct. 31, 1979; S. 
            Res. 78, 97-1, Feb. 24, 1981.]

[[Page 124]]



        78      SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS--ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITY

                Resolved, That the Senate assigns responsibility for 
            administering the reporting requirements of Title I of the 
            Ethics in Government Act of 1978 to the Select Committee on 
            Ethics.

            [S. Res. 223, 96-1, Aug. 2, 1979.]

        79     SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS--CHAIRMAN AND VICE-CHAIRMAN 
                     LEGISLATIVE ASSISTANTS CLERK-HIRE ALLOWANCE

                Resolved, That effective October 31, 1979, service of a 
            Senator as the chairman or ranking minority member of the 
            Select Committee on Ethics shall not be taken into account 
            for purposes of applying section 111(b) of the Legislative 
            Branch Appropriation Act, 1978.

                                     [S. Res. 290, 96-1, Nov. 27, 1979.]

        80     AUTHORIZING THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS TO PROVIDE 
                    TRAINING ASSISTANCE TO ITS PROFESSIONAL STAFF

                Resolved, That the Select Committee on Ethics 
            (hereinafter referred to as the ``Select Committee'') is 
            authorized, with the approval of the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, to provide assistance for members of its 
            professional staff in obtaining specialized training, 
            whenever the Select Committee determines that such training 
            will aid it in the discharge of its responsibilities.
                Sec. 2. (a) Assistance provided under authority of this 
            resolution may be in the form of continuance of pay during 
            periods of training or grants of funds to pay tuition, fees, 
            or such other expenses of training, or both, as may be 
            approved by the Committee on Rules and Administration.
                (b) The Select Committee shall obtain from any employee 
            receiving such assistance such agreement with respect to 
            continued employment with the Select Committee as it may 
            deem necessary to assure that it will receive the benefits 
            of such employee's services upon completion of his training.
                Sec. 3. The expenses of the Select Committee in 
            providing assistance under authority of this resolution 
            shall be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate upon 
            vouchers approved by the chairman of the Select Committee.

                                     [S. Res. 425, 97-2, Aug. 12, 1982.]

[[Page 125]]


        81                SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE

                Resolved, That it is the purpose of this resolution to 
            establish a new select committee of the Senate, to be known 
            as the Select Committee on Intelligence, to oversee and make 
            continuing studies of the intelligence activities and 
            programs of the United States Government, and to submit to 
            the Senate appropriate proposals for legislation and report 
            to the Senate concerning such intelligence activities and 
            programs. In carrying out this purpose, the Select Committee 
            on Intelligence shall make every effort to assure that the 
            appropriate departments and agencies of the United States 
            provide informed and timely intelligence necessary for the 
            executive and legislative branches to make sound decisions 
            affecting the security and vital interests of the Nation. It 
            is further the purpose of this resolution to provide 
            vigilant legislative oversight over the intelligence 
            activities of the United States to assure that such 
            activities are in conformity with the Constitution and laws 
            of the United States.
                Sec. 2. (a)(1) There is hereby established a select 
            committee to be known as the Select Committee on 
            Intelligence (hereinafter in this resolution referred to as 
            the ``select committee''). The select committee shall be 
            composed of not to exceed fifteen Members appointed as 
            follows:
                        (A) two members from the Committee on 
                    Appropriations;
                        (B) two members from the Committee on Armed 
                    Services;
                        (C) two members from the Committee on Foreign 
                    Relations;
                        (D) two members from the Committee on the 
                    Judiciary; and
                        (E) not to exceed seven members to be appointed 
                    from the Senate at large.
                (2) Members appointed from each committee named in 
            clauses (A) through (D) of paragraph (1) shall be evenly 
            divided between the two major political parties and shall be 
            appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate upon 
            the recommendations of the majority and minority leaders of 
            the Senate. Of any members appointed under paragraph (1)(E), 
            the majority leader shall appoint the majority members and 
            the minority leader shall appoint the minority members, with 
            the majority having a one vote margin.

[[Page 126]]

                (3)(A) The majority leader of the Senate and the 
            minority leader of the Senate shall be ex officio members of 
            the select committee but shall have no vote in the Committee 
            and shall not be counted for purposes of determining a 
            quorum.
                (B) The Chairman and Ranking Member of the Committee on 
            Armed Services (if not already a member of the select 
            Committee) shall be ex officio members of the select 
            Committee but shall have no vote in the Committee and shall 
            not be counted for purposes of determining a quorum.
                (b) At the beginning of each Congress, the Majority 
            Leader of the Senate shall select a chairman of the select 
            Committee and the Minority Leader shall select a vice 
            chairman for the select Committee. The vice chairman shall 
            act in the place and stead of the chairman in the absence of 
            the chairman. Neither the chairman nor the vice chairman of 
            the select committee shall at the same time serve as 
            chairman or ranking minority member of any other committee 
            referred to in paragraph 4(e)(1) of rule XXV of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate.
                (c) The select Committee may be organized into 
            subcommittees. Each subcommittee shall have a chairman and a 
            vice chairman who are selected by the Chairman and Vice 
            Chairman of the select Committee, respectively.
                Sec. 3. (a) There shall be referred to the select 
            committee all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, 
            memorials, and other matters relating to the following:
                        (1) The Office of the Director of National 
                    Intelligence and the Director of National 
                    Intelligence.
                        (2) The Central Intelligence Agency and the 
                    Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
                        (3) Intelligence activities of all other 
                    departments and agencies of the Government, 
                    including, but not limited to, the intelligence 
                    activities of the Defense Intelligence Agency, the 
                    National Security Agency, and other agencies of the 
                    Department of Defense; the Department of State; the 
                    Department of Justice; and the Department of the 
                    Treasury.
                        (4) The organization or reorganization of any 
                    department or agency of the Government to the extent 
                    that the organization or reorganization relates to a 
                    function or activity involving intelligence 
                    activities.
                        (5) Authorizations for appropriations, both 
                    direct and indirect, for the following:

[[Page 127]]

                                (A) The Office of the Director of 
                            National Intelligence and the Director of 
                            National Intelligence.
                                (B) The Central Intelligence Agency and 
                            the Director of the Central Intelligence 
                            Agency.
                                (C) The Defense Intelligence Agency.
                                (D) The National Security Agency.
                                (E) The intelligence activities of other 
                            agencies and subdivisions of the Department 
                            of Defense.
                                (F) The intelligence activities of the 
                            Department of State.
                                (G) The intelligence activities of the 
                            Federal Bureau of Investigation.
                                (H) Any department, agency, or 
                            subdivision which is the successor to any 
                            agency named in clause (A), (B), (C) or (D); 
                            and the activities of any department, 
                            agency, or subdivision which is the 
                            successor to any department, agency, bureau, 
                            or subdivision named in clause (E), (F), or 
                            (G) to the extent that the activities of 
                            such successor department, agency, or 
                            subdivision are activities described in 
                            clause (E), (F), or (G).
                (b)(1) Any proposed legislation reported by the select 
            Committee except any legislation involving matters specified 
            in clause (1), (2), (5)(A), or (5)(B) of subsection (a), 
            containing any matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of 
            any standing committee shall, at the request of the chairman 
            of such standing committee, be referred to such standing 
            committee for its consideration of such matter and be 
            reported to the Senate by such standing committee within 10 
            days after the day on which such proposed legislation, in 
            its entirety and including annexes, is referred to such 
            standing committee; and any proposed legislation reported by 
            any committee, other than the select Committee, which 
            contains any matter within the jurisdiction of the select 
            Committee shall, at the request of the chairman of the 
            select Committee, be referred to the select Committee for 
            its consideration of such matter and be reported to the 
            Senate by the select Committee within 10 days after the day 
            on which such proposed legislation, in its entirety and 
            including annexes, is referred to such committee.
                (2) In any case in which a committee fails to report any 
            proposed legislation referred to it within the time limit 
            prescribed in this subsection, such Committee shall be 
            automatically discharged from further consideration of such

[[Page 128]]

            proposed legislation on the 10th day following the day on 
            which such proposed legislation is referred to such 
            committee unless the Senate provides otherwise, or the 
            Majority Leader or Minority Leader request, prior to that 
            date, an additional 5 days on behalf of the Committee to 
            which the proposed legislation was sequentially referred. At 
            the end of that additional 5 day period, if the Committee 
            fails to report the proposed legislation within that 5 day 
            period, the Committee shall be automatically discharged from 
            further consideration of such proposed legislation unless 
            the Senate provides otherwise.
                (3) In computing any 10 or 5 day period under this 
            subsection there shall be excluded from such computation any 
            days on which the Senate is not in session.
                (4) The reporting and referral processes outlined in 
            this subsection shall be conducted in strict accordance with 
            the Standing Rules of the Senate. In accordance with such 
            rules, committees to which legislation is referred are not 
            permitted to make changes or alterations to the text of the 
            referred bill and its annexes, but may propose changes or 
            alterations to the same in the form of amendments.
                (c) Nothing in this resolution shall be construed as 
            prohibiting or otherwise restricting the authority of any 
            other committee to study and review any intelligence 
            activity to the extent that such activity directly affects a 
            matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of such committee.
                (d) Nothing in this resolution shall be construed as 
            amending, limiting, or otherwise changing the authority of 
            any standing committee of the Senate to obtain full and 
            prompt access to the product of the intelligence activities 
            of any department or agency of the Government relevant to a 
            matter otherwise within the jurisdiction of such committee.
                Sec. 4. (a) The select committee, for the purposes of 
            accountability to the Senate, shall make regular and 
            periodic, but not less than quarterly, reports to the Senate 
            on the nature and extent of the intelligence activities of 
            the various departments and agencies of the United States. 
            Such committee shall promptly call to the attention of the 
            Senate or to any other appropriate committee or committees 
            of the Senate any matters requiring the attention of the 
            Senate or such other committee or committees. In making such 
            report, the select committee shall proceed in a manner 
            consistent with section 8(c)(2) to protect national 
            security.

[[Page 129]]

                (b) The select committee shall obtain an annual report 
            from the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of 
            the Central Intelligence Agency, the Secretary of Defense, 
            the Secretary of State, and the Director of the Federal 
            Bureau of Investigation. Such reports shall review the 
            intelligence activities of the agency or department 
            concerned and the intelligence activities of foreign 
            countries directed at the United States or its interest. An 
            unclassified version of each report may be made available to 
            the public at the discretion of the select committee. 
            Nothing herein shall be construed as requiring the public 
            disclosure in such reports of the names of individuals 
            engaged in intelligence activities for the United States or 
            the divulging of intelligence methods employed or the 
            sources of information on which such reports are based or 
            the amount of funds authorized to be appropriated for 
            intelligence activities.
                (c) On or before March 15 of each year, the select 
            committee shall submit to the Committee on the Budget of the 
            Senate the views and estimates described in section 301(c) 
            of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 regarding matters 
            within the jurisdiction of the select committee.
                Sec. 5. (a) For the purposes of this resolution, the 
            select committee is authorized in its discretion (1) to make 
            investigations into any matter within its jurisdiction, (2) 
            to make expenditures from the contingent fund of the Senate, 
            (3) to employ personnel, (4) to hold hearings, (5) to sit 
            and act at any time or place during the sessions, recesses, 
            and adjourned periods of the Senate, (6) to require, by 
            subpoena or otherwise, the attendance of witnesses and the 
            production of correspondence, books, papers, and documents, 
            (7) to take depositions and other testimony, (8) to procure 
            the service of individual consultants or organizations 
            thereof, in accordance with the provisions of section 202(i) 
            of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, and (9) with 
            the prior consent of the government department or agency 
            concerned and the Committee on Rules and Administration, to 
            use on a reimbursable basis the services of personnel of any 
            such department or agency.
                (b) The chairman of the select committee or any member 
            thereof may administer oaths to witnesses.
                (c) Subpoenas authorized by the select committee may be 
            issued over the signature of the chairman, the vice chairman 
            or any member of the select committee designated by the 
            chairman, and may be served by any person

[[Page 130]]

            designated by the chairman or any member signing the 
            subpoenas.
                Sec. 6. No employee of the select committee or any 
            person engaged by contract or otherwise to perform services 
            for or at the request of such committee shall be given 
            access to any classified information by such committee 
            unless such employee or person has (1) agreed in writing and 
            under oath to be bound by the rules of the Senate (including 
            the jurisdiction of the Select Committee on Ethics) and of 
            such committee as to the security of such information during 
            and after the period of his employment or contractual 
            agreement with such committee; and (2) received an 
            appropriate security clearance as determined by such 
            committee in consultation with the Director of National 
            Intelligence. The type of security clearance to be required 
            in the case of any such employee or person shall, within the 
            determination of such committee in consultation with the 
            Director of National Intelligence, be commensurate with the 
            sensitivity of the classified information to which such 
            employee or person will be given access by such committee.
                Sec. 7. The select committee shall formulate and carry 
            out such rules and procedures as it deems necessary to 
            prevent the disclosure, without the consent of the person or 
            persons concerned, of information in the possession of such 
            committee which unduly infringes upon the privacy or which 
            violates the constitutional rights of such person or 
            persons. Nothing herein shall be construed to prevent such 
            committee from publicly disclosing any such information in 
            any case in which such committee determines the national 
            interest in the disclosure of such information clearly 
            outweighs any infringement on the privacy of any person or 
            persons.
                Sec. 8. (a) The select committee may, subject to the 
            provisions of this section, disclose publicly any 
            information in the possession of such committee after a 
            determination by such committee that the public interest 
            would be served by such disclosure. Whenever committee 
            action is required to disclose any information under this 
            section, the committee shall meet to vote on the matter 
            within five days after any member of the committee requests 
            such a vote. No member of the select committee shall 
            disclose any information, the disclosure of which requires a 
            committee vote, prior to a vote by the committee on the 
            question of the

[[Page 131]]

            disclosure of such information or after such vote except in 
            accordance with this section.
                (b)(1) In any case in which the select committee votes 
            to disclose publicly any information which has been 
            classified under established security procedures, which has 
            been submitted to it by the Executive branch, and which the 
            Executive branch requests be kept secret, such committee 
            shall--
                        (A) first, notify the Majority Leader and 
                    Minority Leader of the Senate of such vote; and
                        (B) second, consult with the Majority Leader and 
                    Minority Leader before notifying the President of 
                    such vote.
                (2) The select committee may disclose publicly such 
            information after the expiration of a five-day period 
            following the day on which notice of such vote is 
            transmitted to the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader 
            and the President, unless, prior to the expiration of such 
            five-day period, the President, personally in writing, 
            notifies the committee that he objects to the disclosure of 
            such information, provides his reasons therefore, and 
            certifies that the threat to the national interest of the 
            United States posed by such disclosure is of such gravity 
            that it outweighs any public interest in the disclosure.
                (3) If the President, personally, in writing, notifies 
            the Majority Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate and 
            the select Committee of his objections to the disclosure of 
            such information as provided in paragraph (2), the Majority 
            Leader and Minority Leader jointly or the select Committee, 
            by majority vote, may refer the question of the disclosure 
            of such information to the Senate for consideration.
                (4) Whenever the select committee votes to refer the 
            question of disclosure of any information to the Senate 
            under paragraph (3), the Chairman shall not later than the 
            first day on which the Senate is in session following the 
            day on which the vote occurs, report the matter to the 
            Senate for its consideration.
                (5) One hour after the Senate convenes on the fourth day 
            on which the Senate is in session following the day on which 
            any such matter is reported to the Senate, or at such 
            earlier time as the majority leader and the minority leader 
            of the Senate jointly agree upon in accordance with 
            paragraph 5 of rule XVII of the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate, the Senate shall go into closed session and the 
            matter

[[Page 132]]

            shall be the pending business. In considering the matter in 
            closed session the Senate may--
                        (A) approve the public disclosure of all or any 
                    portion of the information in question, in which 
                    case the committee shall publicly disclose the 
                    information ordered to be disclosed,
                        (B) disapprove the public disclosure of all or 
                    any portion of the information in question, in which 
                    case the committee shall not publicly disclose the 
                    information ordered not to be disclosed, or
                        (C) refer all or any portion of the matter back 
                    to the committee, in which case the committee shall 
                    make the final determination with respect to the 
                    public disclosure of the information in question.
            Upon conclusion of the consideration of such matter in 
            closed session, which may not extend beyond the close of the 
            ninth day on which the Senate is in session following the 
            day on which such matter was reported to the Senate, or the 
            close of the fifth day following the day agreed upon jointly 
            by the majority and minority leaders in accordance with 
            paragraph 5 of rule XVII of the Standing Rules of the Senate 
            (whichever the case may be), the Senate shall immediately 
            vote on the disposition of such matter in open session, 
            without debate, and without divulging the information with 
            respect to which the vote is being taken. The Senate shall 
            vote to dispose of such matter by one or more of the means 
            specified in clauses (A), (B), and (C) of the second 
            sentence of this paragraph. Any vote of the Senate to 
            disclose any information pursuant to this paragraph shall be 
            subject to the right of a Member of the Senate to move for 
            reconsideration of the vote within the time and pursuant to 
            the procedures specified in rule XIII of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate, and the disclosure of such information shall 
            be made consistent with that right.
                (c)(1) No information in the possession of the select 
            committee relating to the lawful intelligence activities of 
            any department or agency of the United States which has been 
            classified under established security procedures and which 
            the select committee, pursuant to subsection (a) or (b) of 
            this section, has determined should not be disclosed shall 
            be made available to any person by a Member, officer, or 
            employee of the Senate except in a closed session of the 
            Senate or as provided in paragraph (2).

[[Page 133]]

                (2) The select committee may, under such regulations as 
            the committee shall prescribe to protect the confidentiality 
            of such information, make any information described in 
            paragraph (1) available to any other committee or any other 
            Member of the Senate. Whenever the select committee makes 
            such information available, the committee shall keep a 
            written record showing, in the case of any particular 
            information, which committee or which Members of the Senate 
            received such information. No Member of the Senate who, and 
            no committee which, receives any information under this 
            subsection, shall disclose such information except in a 
            closed session of the Senate.
                (d) It shall be the duty of the Select Committee on 
            Ethics to investigate any unauthorized disclosure of 
            intelligence information by a Member, officer or employee of 
            the Senate in violation of subsection (c) and to report to 
            the Senate concerning any allegation which it finds to be 
            substantiated.
                (e) Upon the request of any person who is subject to any 
            such investigation, the Select Committee on Ethics shall 
            release to such individual at the conclusion of its 
            investigation a summary of its investigation together with 
            its findings. If, at the conclusion of its investigation, 
            the Select Committee on Ethics determines that there has 
            been a significant breach of confidentiality or unauthorized 
            disclosure by a Member, officer, or employee of the Senate, 
            it shall report its findings to the Senate and recommend 
            appropriate action such as censure, removal from committee 
            membership, or expulsion from the Senate, in the case of a 
            Member, or removal from office or employment or punishment 
            for contempt, in the case of an officer or employee.
                Sec. 9. The select committee is authorized to permit any 
            personal representative of the President, designated by the 
            President to serve as a liaison to such committee, to attend 
            any closed meeting of such committee.
                Sec. 10. Upon expiration of the Select Committee on 
            Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence 
            Activities, established by Senate Resolution 21, Ninety-
            fourth Congress, all records, files, documents, and other 
            materials in the possession, custody, or control of such 
            committee, under appropriate conditions established by it, 
            shall be transferred to the select committee.
                Sec. 11. (a) It is the sense of the Senate that the head 
            of each department and agency of the United States should

[[Page 134]]

            keep the select committee fully and currently informed with 
            respect to intelligence activities, including any 
            significant anticipated activities, which are the 
            responsibility of or engaged in by such department or 
            agency: Provided, That this does not constitute a condition 
            precedent to the implementation of any such anticipated 
            intelligence activity.
                (b) It is the sense of the Senate that the head of any 
            department or agency of the United States involved in any 
            intelligence activities should furnish any information or 
            document in the possession, custody, or control of the 
            department or agency, or person paid by such department or 
            agency, whenever requested by the select committee with 
            respect to any matter within such committee's jurisdiction.
                (c) It is the sense of the Senate that each department 
            and agency of the United States should report immediately 
            upon discovery to the select committee any and all 
            intelligence activities which constitute violations of the 
            constitutional rights of any person, violations of law, or 
            violations of Executive orders, Presidential directives, or 
            departmental or agency rules or regulations; each department 
            and agency should further report to such committee what 
            actions have been taken or are expected to be taken by the 
            departments or agencies with respect to such violations.
                Sec. 12. Subject to the Standing Rules of the Senate, no 
            funds shall be appropriated for any fiscal year beginning 
            after September 30, 1976, with the exception of a continuing 
            bill or resolution, or amendment thereto, or conference 
            report thereon, to, or for use of, any department or agency 
            of the United States to carry out any of the following 
            activities, unless such funds shall have been previously 
            authorized by a bill or joint resolution passed by the 
            Senate during the same or preceding fiscal year to carry out 
            such activity for such fiscal year:
                        (1) The activities of the Office of the Director 
                    of National Intelligence and the Director of 
                    National Intelligence.
                        (2) The activities of the Central Intelligence 
                    Agency and the Director of the Central Intelligence 
                    Agency.
                        (3) The activities of the Defense Intelligence 
                    Agency.
                        (4) The activities of the National Security 
                    Agency.

[[Page 135]]

                        (5) The intelligence activities of other 
                    agencies and subdivisions of the Department of 
                    Defense.
                        (6) The intelligence activities of the 
                    Department of State.
                        (7) The intelligence activities of the Federal 
                    Bureau of Investigation.
                Sec. 13. (a) The select committee shall make a study 
            with respect to the following matters, taking into 
            consideration with respect to each such matter, all relevant 
            aspects of the effectiveness of planning, gathering, use, 
            security, and dissemination of intelligence:
                        (1) the quality of the analytical capabilities 
                    of United States foreign intelligence agencies and 
                    means for integrating more closely analytical 
                    intelligence and policy formulation;
                        (2) the extent and nature of the authority of 
                    the departments and agencies of the Executive branch 
                    to engage in intelligence activities and the 
                    desirability of developing charters for each 
                    intelligence agency or department;
                        (3) the organization of intelligence activities 
                    in the Executive branch to maximize the 
                    effectiveness of the conduct, oversight, and 
                    accountability of intelligence activities; to reduce 
                    duplication or overlap; and to improve the morale of 
                    the personnel of the foreign intelligence agencies;
                        (4) the conduct of covert and clandestine 
                    activities and the procedures by which Congress is 
                    informed of such activities;
                        (5) the desirability of changing any law, Senate 
                    rule or procedure, or any Executive order, rule, or 
                    regulation to improve the protection of intelligence 
                    secrets and provide for disclosure of information 
                    for which there is no compelling reason for secrecy;
                        (6) the desirability of establishing a standing 
                    committee of the Senate on intelligence activities;
                        (7) the desirability of establishing a joint 
                    committee of the Senate and the House of 
                    Representatives on intelligence activities in lieu 
                    of having separate committees in each House of 
                    Congress, or of establishing procedures under which 
                    separate committees on intelligence activities of 
                    the two Houses of Congress would receive joint 
                    briefings from the intelligence agencies and 
                    coordinate their policies with respect to the 
                    safeguarding of sensitive intelligence information;

[[Page 136]]

                        (8) the authorization of funds for the 
                    intelligence activities of the Government and 
                    whether disclosure of any of the amounts of such 
                    funds is in the public interest; and
                        (9) the development of a uniform set of 
                    definitions for terms to be used in policies or 
                    guidelines which may be adopted by the executive or 
                    legislative branches to govern, clarify, and 
                    strengthen the operation of intelligence activities.
                (b) The select committee may, in its discretion, omit 
            from the special study required by this section any matter 
            it determines has been adequately studied by the Select 
            Committee To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to 
            Intelligence Activities, established by Senate Resolution 
            21, Ninety-fourth Congress.
                (c) The select committee shall report the results of the 
            study provided for by this section to the Senate, together 
            with any recommendations for legislative or other actions it 
            deems appropriate, no later than July 1, 1977, and from time 
            to time thereafter as it deems appropriate.
                Sec. 14. (a) As used in this resolution, the term 
            ``intelligence activities'' includes (1) the collection, 
            analysis, production, dissemination, or use of information 
            which relates to any foreign country, or any government, 
            political group, party, military force, movement, or other 
            association in such foreign country, and which relates to 
            the defense, foreign policy, national security, or related 
            policies of the United States, and other activity which is 
            in support of such activities; (2) activities taken to 
            counter similar activities directed against the United 
            States; (3) covert or clandestine activities affecting the 
            relations of the United States with any foreign government, 
            political group, party, military force, movement or other 
            association; (4) the collection, analysis, production, 
            dissemination, or use of information about activities of 
            persons within the United States, its territories and 
            possessions, or nationals of the United States abroad whose 
            political and related activities pose, or may be considered 
            by any department, agency, bureau, office, division, 
            instrumentality, or employee of the United States to pose, a 
            threat to the internal security of the United States, and 
            covert or clandestine activities directed against such 
            persons. Such term does not include tactical foreign 
            military intelligence serving no national policymaking 
            function.

[[Page 137]]

                (b) As used in this resolution, the term ``department or 
            agency'' includes any organization, committee, council, 
            establishment, or office within the Federal Government.
                (c) For purposes of this resolution, reference to any 
            department, agency, bureau, or subdivision shall include a 
            reference to any successor department, agency, bureau, or 
            subdivision to the extent that such successor engages in 
            intelligence activities now conducted by the department, 
            agency, bureau, or subdivision referred to in this 
            resolution.
                Sec. 15. (a) In addition to other committee staff 
            selected by the select Committee, the select Committee shall 
            hire or appoint one employee for each member of the select 
            Committee to serve as such Member's designated 
            representative on the select Committee. The select Committee 
            shall only hire or appoint an employee chosen by the 
            respective Member of the select Committee for whom the 
            employee will serve as the designated representative on the 
            select Committee.
                (b) The select Committee shall be afforded a supplement 
            to its budget, to be determined by the Committee on Rules 
            and Administration, to allow for the hire of each employee 
            who fills the position of designated representative to the 
            select Committee. The designated representative shall have 
            office space and appropriate office equipment in the select 
            Committee spaces. Designated personal representatives shall 
            have the same access to Committee staff, information, 
            records, and databases as select Committee staff, as 
            determined by the Chairman and Vice Chairman.
                (c) The designated employee shall meet all the 
            requirements of relevant statutes, Senate rules, and 
            committee security clearance requirements for employment by 
            the select Committee.
                (d) Of the funds made available to the select Committee 
            for personnel--
                        (1) not more than 60 percent shall be under the 
                    control of the Chairman; and
                        (2) not less than 40 percent shall be under the 
                    control of the Vice Chairman.
                Sec. 16. Nothing in this resolution shall be construed 
            as constituting acquiescence by the Senate in any practice, 
            or in the conduct of any activity, not otherwise authorized 
            by law.

[[Page 138]]

                Sec. 17. (a)(1) Except as provided in subsections (b) 
            and (c), the Select Committee shall have jurisdiction to 
            review, hold hearings, and report the nominations of 
            civilian individuals for positions in the intelligence 
            community for which appointments are made by the President, 
            by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
                ``(2) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), 
            other committees with jurisdiction over the department or 
            agency of the Executive Branch which contain a position 
            referred to in paragraph (1) may hold hearings and 
            interviews with individuals nominated for such position, but 
            only the Select Committee shall report such nomination.
                ``(3) In this subsection, the term `intelligence 
            community' means an element of the intelligence community 
            specified in or designated under section 3(4) of the 
            National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)).
                ``(b)(1) With respect to the confirmation of the 
            Assistant Attorney General for National Security, or any 
            successor position, the nomination of any individual by the 
            President to serve in such position shall be referred to the 
            Committee on the Judiciary and, if and when reported, to the 
            Select Committee for not to exceed 20 calendar days, except 
            that in cases when the 20-day period expires while the 
            Senate is in recess, the Select Committee shall have 5 
            additional calendar days after the Senate reconvenes to 
            report the nomination.
                ``(2) If, upon the expiration of the period described in 
            paragraph (1), the Select Committee has not reported the 
            nomination, such nomination shall be automatically 
            discharged from the Select Committee and placed on the 
            Executive Calendar.
                ``(c)(1) With respect to the confirmation of appointment 
            to the position of Director of the National Security Agency, 
            Inspector General of the National Security Agency, Director 
            of the National Reconnaissance Office, or Inspector General 
            of the National Reconnaissance Office, orany successor 
            position to such a position, the nomination of any 
            individual by the President to serve in such position, who 
            at the time of the nomination is a member of the Armed 
            Forces on active duty, shall be referred to the Committee on 
            Armed Services and, if and when reported, to the Select 
            Committee for not to exceed 30 calendar days, except that in 
            cases when the 30-day period expires while the Senate is in 
            recess, the Select Committee shallhave 5 additional

[[Page 139]]

            calendar days after the Senate reconvenes to report the 
            nomination.
                ``(2) With respect to the confirmation of appointment to 
            the position of Director of the National Security Agency, 
            Inspector General of the National Security Agency, Director 
            of the National Reconnaissance Office, or Inspector General 
            or the National Reconnaissance Office, or any successor 
            position to such a position, the nomination of any 
            individual by the President to serve in such position, who 
            at the time of the nomination is not a member of the Armed 
            Forces on active duty, shall be referred to the Select 
            Committee and, if and when reported, to the Committee on 
            Armed Services for not to exceed 30 calendar days, except 
            that in cases when the 30-day period expires while the 
            Senate is in recess, the Committee on Armed Services shall 
            have an additional 5 calendar days after the Senate 
            reconvenes to report the nomination.
                ``(3) If, upon the expiration of the period of 
            sequential referral described in paragraphs (1) and (2), the 
            committee to which the nomination was sequentially referred 
            has not reported the nomination, the nomination shall be 
            automatically discharged from that committee and placed on 
            the Executive Calendar.''.

              [S. Res. 400, 94-2, May 19, 1976, as amended S. Res. 470, 
             113-2, July 7, 2014; S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977; S. Res. 445, 
              108-2, Oct. 9, 2004, Pub. L. 109-77, Sec.  506. 120 Stat. 
                 247. 247 (2005), and S. Res. 50, 110-1, Feb. 14, 2007.]

        82          HOMELAND SECURITY AND INTELLIGENCE OVERSIGHT

                To eliminate certain restrictions on service of a 
            Senator on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence.

                Resolved,

                Sec. 100. Purpose.

                It is the purpose of titles I through V of this 
            resolution to improve the effectiveness of the Senate Select 
            Committee on Intelligence, especially with regard to its 
            oversight of the Intelligence Community of the United States 
            Government, and to improve the Senate's oversight of 
            homeland security.


      82.1           TITLE I--HOMELAND SECURITY OVERSIGHT REFORM

                Sec. 101. Homeland Security.


                        (a) Committee on Homeland Security and 
                    Government Affairs.--The Committee on Governmental

[[Page 140]]

                    Affairs is renamed as the Committee on Homeland 
                    Security and Governmental Affairs.
                        (b) Jurisdiction.--There shall be referred to 
                    the committee all proposed legislation, messages, 
                    petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to 
                    the following subjects:
                          (1) Department of Homeland Security, except 
                    matters relating to--
                                (A) the Coast Guard, the Transportation 
                            Security Administration, the Federal Law 
                            Enforcement Training Center or the Secret 
                            Service; and
                                (B)(i) the United States Citizenship and 
                            Immigration Service; or
                                (ii) the immigration functions of the 
                            United States Customs and Border Protection 
                            or the United States Immigration and Custom 
                            Enforcement or the Directorate of Border and 
                            Transportation Security; and
                                (C) the following functions performed by 
                            any employee of the Department of Homeland 
                            Security--
                                  (i) any customs revenue function 
                            including any function provided for in 
                            section 415 of the Homeland Security Act of 
                            2002 (Public Law 107-296);
                                  (ii) any commercial function or 
                            commercial operation of the Bureau of 
                            Customs and Border Protection or Bureau of 
                            Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 
                            including matters relating to trade 
                            facilitation and trade regulation; or
                                  (iii) any other function related to 
                            clause (i) or (ii) that was exercised by the 
                            United States Customs Service on the day 
                            before the effective date of the Homeland 
                            Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-296).
                The jurisdiction of the Committee on Homeland Security 
            and Governmental Affairs in this paragraph shall supersede 
            the jurisdiction of any other committee of the Senate 
            provided in the rules of the Senate: Provided, That the 
            jurisdiction provided under section 101(b)(1) shall not 
            include the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, or 
            functions of the Federal Emergency Management Agency related 
            thereto.
                          (2) Archives of the United States.

[[Page 141]]

                          (3) Budget and accounting measures, other than 
                    appropriations, except as provided in the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
                          (4) Census and collection of statistics, 
                    including economic and social statistics.
                          (5) Congressional organization, except for any 
                    part of the matter that amends the rules or orders 
                    of the Senate.
                          (6) Federal Civil Service.
                          (7) Government information.
                          (8) Intergovernmental relations.
                          (9) Municipal affairs of the District of 
                    Columbia, except appropriations therefor.
                          (10) Organization and management of United 
                    States nuclear export policy.
                          (11) Organization and reorganization of the 
                    executive branch of the Government.
                          (12) Postal Service.
                          (13) Status of officers and employees of the 
                    United States, including their classification, 
                    compensation, and benefits.
                        (c) Additional Duties.--The committee shall have 
                    the duty of--
                          (1) receiving and examining reports of the 
                    Comptroller General of the United States and of 
                    submitting such recommendations to the Senate as it 
                    deems necessary or desirable in connection with the 
                    subject matter of such reports;
                          (2) studying the efficiency, economy, and 
                    effectiveness of all agencies and departments of the 
                    Government;
                          (3) evaluating the effects of laws enacted to 
                    reorganize the legislative and executive branches of 
                    the Government; and
                          (4) studying the intergovernmental 
                    relationships between the United States and the 
                    States and municipalities, and between the United 
                    States and international organizations of which the 
                    United States is a member.
                        (d) Jurisdiction Of Budget Committee.--
                    Notwithstanding paragraph (b)(3) of this section, 
                    and except as otherwise provided in the 
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee on 
                    the Budget shall have exclusive jurisdiction over 
                    measures affecting the congressional budget process, 
                    which are--

[[Page 142]]

                          (1) the functions, duties, and powers of the 
                    Budget Committee;
                          (2) the functions, duties, and powers of the 
                    Congressional Budget Office;
                          (3) the process by which Congress annually 
                    establishes the appropriate levels of budget 
                    authority, outlays, revenues, deficits or surpluses, 
                    and public debt--including subdivisions thereof--and 
                    including the establishment of mandatory ceilings on 
                    spending and appropriations, a floor on revenues, 
                    timetables for congressional action on concurrent 
                    resolutions, on the reporting of authorization 
                    bills, and on the enactment of appropriation bills, 
                    and enforcement mechanisms for budgetary limits and 
                    timetables;
                          (4) the limiting of backdoor spending devices;
                          (5) the timetables for Presidential submission 
                    of appropriations and authorization requests;
                          (6) the definitions of what constitutes 
                    impoundment--such as ``rescissions'' and 
                    ``deferrals'';
                          (7) the process and determination by which 
                    impoundments must be reported to and considered by 
                    Congress;
                          (8) the mechanisms to insure Executive 
                    compliance with the provisions of the Impoundment 
                    Control Act, title X--such as GAO review and 
                    lawsuits; and
                          (9) the provisions which affect the content or 
                    determination of amounts included in or excluded 
                    from the congressional budget or the calculation of 
                    such amounts, including the definition of terms 
                    provided by the Budget Act.
                        (e) OMB Nominees.--The Committee on the Budget 
                    and the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                    Governmental Affairs shall have joint jurisdiction 
                    over the nominations of persons nominated by the 
                    President to fill the positions of Director and 
                    Deputy Director for Budget within the Office of 
                    Management and Budget, and if one committee votes to 
                    order reported such a nomination, the other must 
                    report within 30 calendar days session, or be 
                    automatically discharged.

      82.2

                       TITLE II--INTELLIGENCE OVERSIGHT REFORM

                Sec. 201. Intelligence Oversight.


                        (a) Committee on Armed Services Membership.--
                    Section 2(a)(3) of Senate Resolution 400, agreed to

[[Page 143]]

                    May 19, 1976 (94th Congress) (referred to in this 
                    section as ``S. Res. 400'') is amended by--
                          (1) inserting ``(A)'' after ``(3)''; and
                          (2) inserting at the end the following:
                                ``(B) The Chairman and Ranking Member of 
                            the Committee on Armed Services (if not 
                            already a member of the select Committee) 
                            shall be ex officio members of the select 
                            Committee but shall have no vote in the 
                            Committee and shall not be counted for 
                            purposes of determining a quorum.''.
                        (b) Number Of Members.--Section 2(a) of S. Res. 
                    400 is amended--
                          (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``not to 
                    exceed'' before ``fifteen members'';
                          (2) in paragraph (1)(E), by inserting ``not to 
                    exceed'' before ``seven''; and
                          (3) in paragraph (2), by striking the second 
                    sentence and inserting ``Of any members appointed 
                    under paragraph (1)(E), the majority leader shall 
                    appoint the majority members and the minority leader 
                    shall appoint the minority members, with the 
                    majority having a one vote margin.''.
                        (c) Elimination of Term Limits.--Section 2 of 
                    Senate Resolution 400, 94th Congress, agreed to May 
                    19, 1976, is amended by striking subsection (b) and 
                    by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b).
                        (d) Appointment of Chairman and Vice Chairman.--
                    Section 2(b) of S. Res. 400, as redesignated by 
                    subsection (c) of this section, is amended by 
                    striking the first sentence and inserting the 
                    following: ``At the beginning of each Congress, the 
                    Majority Leader of the Senate shall select a 
                    chairman of the select Committee and the Minority 
                    Leader shall select a vice chairman for the select 
                    Committee.''.
                        (e) Subcommittees.--Section 2 of S. Res. 400, as 
                    amended by subsections (a) through (d), is amended 
                    by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(c) The select Committee may be organized into 
                    subcommittees. Each subcommittee shall have a 
                    chairman and a vice chairman who are selected by the 
                    Chairman and Vice Chairman of the select Committee, 
                    respectively.''.
                        (f) Reports.--Section 4(a) of S. Res. 400 is 
                    amended by inserting ``, but not less than 
                    quarterly,'' after ``periodic''.

[[Page 144]]

                        (g) Staff.--Section 15 of S. Res. 400 is amended 
                    to read as follows:
                        ``Sec. 15. (a) In addition to other committee 
                    staff selected by the select Committee, the select 
                    Committee shall hire or appoint one employee for 
                    each member of the select Committee to serve as such 
                    Member's designated representative on the select 
                    Committee. The select Committee shall only hire or 
                    appoint an employee chosen by the respective Member 
                    of the select Committee for whom the employee will 
                    serve as the designated representative on the select 
                    Committee.
                        ``(b) The select Committee shall be afforded a 
                    supplement to its budget, to be determined by the 
                    Committee on Rules and Administration, to allow for 
                    the hire of each employee who fills the position of 
                    designated representative to the select Committee. 
                    The designated representative shall have office 
                    space and appropriate office equipment in the select 
                    Committee spaces. Designated personal 
                    representatives shall have the same access to 
                    Committee staff, information, records, and databases 
                    as select Committee staff, as determinedby the 
                    Chairman and Vice Chairman.
                        ``(c) The designated employee shall meet all the 
                    requirements of relevant statutes, Senate rules, and 
                    committee security clearance requirements for 
                    employment by the select Committee.
                        ``(d) Of the funds made available to the select 
                    Committee for personnel--
                          ``(1) not more than 60 percent shall be under 
                    the control of the Chairman; and
                          ``(2) not less than 40 percent shall be under 
                    the control of the Vice Chairman.''.
                        (h) Nominees.--S. Res. 400 is amended by adding 
                    at the end the following:
                        ``Sec. 17. (a) The select Committee shall have 
                    jurisdiction for reviewing, holding hearings, and 
                    reporting the nominations of civilian persons 
                    nominated by the President to fill all positions 
                    within the intelligence community requiring the 
                    advice and consent of the Senate.
                        ``(b) Other committees with jurisdiction over 
                    the nominees' executive branch department may hold 
                    hearings and interviews with such persons, but only 
                    the select Committee shall report such 
                    nominations.''.

[[Page 145]]

                        (i) Jurisdiction.--Section 3(b) of S. Res. 400 
                    is amended to read as follows:
                        ``(b)(1) Any proposed legislation reported by 
                    the select Committee except any legislation 
                    involving matters specified in clause (1) or (4)(A) 
                    of subsection (a), containing any matter otherwise 
                    within the jurisdiction of any standing committee 
                    shall, at the request of the chairman of such 
                    standing committee, be referred to such standing 
                    committee for its consideration of such matter and 
                    be reported to the Senate by such standing committee 
                    within 10 days after the day on which such proposed 
                    legislation, in its entirety and including annexes, 
                    is referred to such standing committee; and any 
                    proposed legislation reported by any committee, 
                    other than the select Committee, which contains any 
                    matter within the jurisdiction of the select 
                    Committee shall, at the request of the chairman of 
                    the select Committee, be referred to the select 
                    Committee for its consideration of such matter and 
                    be reported to the Senate by the select Committee 
                    within 10 days after the day on which such proposed 
                    legislation, in its entirety and including annexes, 
                    is referred to such committee.
                        ``(2) In any case in which a committee fails to 
                    report any proposed legislation referred to it 
                    within the time limit prescribed in this subsection, 
                    such Committee shall be automatically discharged 
                    from further consideration of such proposed 
                    legislation on the 10th day following the day on 
                    which such proposed legislation is referred to such 
                    committee unless the Senate provides otherwise, or 
                    the Majority Leader or Minority Leader request, 
                    prior to that date, an additional 5 days on behalf 
                    of the Committee to which the proposed legislation 
                    as sequentially referred. At the end of that 
                    additional 5 day period, if the Committee fails to 
                    report the proposed legislation within that 5 day 
                    period, the Committee shall be automatically 
                    discharged from further consideration of such 
                    proposed legislation unless the Senate provides 
                    otherwise.
                        ``(3) In computing any 10 or 5 day period under 
                    this subsection there shall be excluded from such 
                    computation any days on which the Senate is not the 
                    session.
                        ``(4) The reporting and referral processes 
                    outlined in this subsection shall be conducted in 
                    strict accord

[[Page 146]]

                    ance with the Standing Rules of the Senate. In 
                    accordance with such rules, committees to which 
                    legislation is referred are not permitted to make 
                    changes or alterations to the text of the referred 
                    bill and its annexes, but may propose changes or 
                    alterations to the same in the form of 
                    amendments.''.
                        (j) Public Disclosure.--Section 8 of S. Res. 400 
                    is amended--
                          (1) in subsection (b)--
                                (A) in paragraph (1), by striking 
                            ``shall notify the President of such vote'' 
                            and inserting ``shall--
                                  ``(A) first, notify the Majority 
                            Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate of 
                            such vote; and
                                  ``(B) second, consult with the 
                            Majority Leader and Minority Leader before 
                            notifying the President of such vote.'';
                                (B) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                            ``transmitted to the President'' and 
                            inserting ``transmitted to the Majority 
                            Leader and the Minority Leader and the 
                            President''; and
                                (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
                            follows:
                          ``(3) If the President, personally, in 
                    writing, notifies the Majority Leader and Minority 
                    Leader of the Senate and the select Committee of his 
                    objections to the disclosure of such information as 
                    provided in paragraph (2), the Majority Leader and 
                    Minority Leader jointly or theselect Committee, by 
                    majority vote, may refer the question of the 
                    disclosure of such information to the Senatefor 
                    consideration.''.

      82.3

                             TITLE III--COMMITTEE STATUS

                Sec. 301. Committee Status.


                        (a) Homeland Security.--The Committee on 
                    Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs shall be 
                    treated as the Committee on Governmental Affairs 
                    listed under paragraph 2 of rule XXV of the Standing 
                    Rules of the Senate for purposes of the Standing 
                    Rules of the Senate.
                        (b) Intelligence.--The Select Committee on 
                    Intelligence shall be treated as a committee listed 
                    under paragraph 2 of rule XXV of the Standing Rules 
                    of the Senate for purposes of the Standing Rules of 
                    the Senate.

[[Page 147]]


      82.4

                    TITLE IV--INTELLIGENCE RELATED SUBCOMMITTEES

                Sec. 401. Subcommittee Related on Intelligence 
            Oversight.


                        (a) Establishment.--There is established in the 
                    Select Committee on Intelligence a Subcommittee on 
                    Oversight which shall be in addition to any other 
                    subcommittee established by the select Committee.
                        (b) Responsibility.--The Subcommittee on 
                    Oversight shall be responsible for ongoing oversight 
                    of intelligence activities.


                Sec. 402. Subcommittee Related to Intelligence 
            Appropriations.


                        (a) Establishment.--There is established in the 
                    Committee on Appropriations a Subcommittee on 
                    Intelligence. The Committee on Appropriations shall 
                    reorganize into 13 subcommittees as soon as possible 
                    after the convening of the 109th Congress.
                        (b) Jurisdiction.--The Subcommittee on 
                    Intelligence of the Committee on Appropriations 
                    shall have jurisdiction over funding for 
                    intelligence matters, as determined by the Senate 
                    Committee on Appropriations.
      82.5

                               TITLE V--EFFECTIVE DATE

                Sec. 501. Effective Date.


                This resolution shall take effect on the convening of 
            the 109th Congress.

                                     [S. Res. 445, 108-2, Oct. 9, 2004.]

        83          REORGANIZATION OF SENATE COMMITTEE SYSTEM\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \9\Omitted portions amended the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate and various Senate resolutions, were temporary in 
            nature, or have been executed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Resolved, That this resolution may be cited as the 
            ``Committee System Reorganization Amendments of 1977''.

      83.1       TITLE I--SENATE COMMITTEES; JURISDICTIONS AND SIZES

                                    * * * * * * *

        84                   SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING

                Sec. 104. (a)(1) There is established a Special 
            Committee on Aging (hereafter in this section referred to as 
            the ``special committee'') which shall consist of 
            nineteen\10\ members. The members and chairman of the 
            special committee

[[Page 148]]

            shall be appointed in the same manner and at the same time 
            as the members and chairman of a standing committee of the 
            Senate. After the date on which the majority and minority 
            members of the special committee are initially appointed on 
            or after the effective date of Title I of the Committee 
            System Reorganization Amendments of 1977, each time a 
            vacancy occurs in the membership of the special committee, 
            the number of members of the special committee shall be 
            reduced by one until the number of members of the special 
            committee consists of nine Senators.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \10\See paragraph 3(b) of rule XXV of the Standing 
            Rules.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2)\11\ For purposes of paragraph 1 of rule XXV; 
            paragraphs 1, 7(a)(1)-(2), 9, and 10(a) of rule XXVI; and 
            paragraphs 1(a)-(d), and 2 (a) and (d) of rule XXVII of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate; and for purposes of section 
            202 (i) and (j) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 
            1946, the special committee shall be treated as a standing 
            committee of the Senate.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \11\The references in this paragraph were changed as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979; 
            and further changed as a result of the adoption of S. Res. 
            389, 96-2, Mar. 25, 1980.
                \12\As amended, S. Res. 78, 95-1, Feb. 11, 1977; S. Res. 
            376, 95-2, Mar. 6, 1978.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (b)(1) It shall be the duty of the special committee to 
            conduct a continuing study of any and all matters pertaining 
            to problems and opportunities of older people, including, 
            but not limited to, problems and opportunities of 
            maintaining health, of assuring adequate income, of finding 
            employment, of engaging in productive and rewarding 
            activity, of securing proper housing, and, when necessary, 
            of obtaining care or assistance. No proposed legislation 
            shall be referred to such committee, and such committee 
            shall not have power to report by bill, or otherwise have 
            legislative jurisdiction.
                (2) The special committee shall, from time to time (but 
            not less often than once each year), report to the Senate 
            the results of the study conducted pursuant to paragraph 
            (1), together with such recommendation as it considers 
            appropriate.
                (c)(1) For the purposes of this section, the special 
            committee is authorized, in its discretion, (A) to make 
            investigations into any matter within its jurisdiction, (B) 
            to make expenditures from the contingent fund of the Senate, 
            (C) to employ personnel, (D) to hold hearings, (E) to sit 
            and act at any time or place during the sessions, recesses,

[[Page 149]]

            and adjourned periods of the Senate, (F) to require, by 
            subpoena or otherwise, the attendance of witnesses and the 
            production of correspondence, books, papers, and documents, 
            (G) to take depositions and other testimony, (H) to procure 
            the services of individual consultations or organizations 
            thereof, in accordance with the provisions of section 202(i) 
            of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, and (I) with 
            the prior consent of the Government department or agency 
            concerned and the Committee on Rules and Administration, to 
            use on a reimbursable basis the services of personnel of any 
            such department or agency.
                (2) The chairman of the special committee or any member 
            thereof may administer oaths to witnesses.
                (3) Subpenas authorized by the special committee may be 
            issued over the signature of the chairman, or any member of 
            the special committee designated by the chairman, and may be 
            served by any person designated by the chairman or the 
            member signing the Subpena.
                (d) All records and papers of the temporary Special 
            Committee on Aging established by Senate Resolution 33, 
            Eighty-seventh Congress, are transferred to the special 
            committee.
                (e) (Executed.)

        85                COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS \13\

                Sec. 105. (a)(1) There is established a temporary Select 
            Committee on Indian Affairs (hereafter in this section 
            referred to as the ``select committee'') which shall consist 
            of seven \14\ members, four to be appointed by the President 
            of the Senate, upon the recommendation of the majority 
            leader, from among members of the majority party and three 
            to be appointed by the President of the Senate, upon the 
            recommendation of the minority leader, from among the 
            members of the minority party. The select committee shall 
            select a chairman from among its members.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \13\ Name changed from ``Select Committee on Indian 
            Affairs'' by provision of S. Res. 71, 103-1, Feb. 24, 1993.
                \14\ See paragraph 3(c) of rule XXV of the Standing 
            Rules.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (2) A majority of the members of the committee shall 
            constitute a quorum thereof for the transaction of business, 
            except that the select committee may fix a lesser number as 
            a quorum for the purpose of taking testimony. The select 
            committee shall adopt rules of procedure not inconsistent

[[Page 150]]

            with this section and the rules of the Senate governing 
            standing committees of the Senate.
                (3) Vacancies in the membership of the select committee 
            shall not affect the authority of the remaining members to 
            execute the functions of the select committee.
                (4) For purposes of paragraph 4 \15\ of rule XXV of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate, service of a Senator as a 
            member or chairman of the select committee shall not be 
            taken into account.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \15\ Changed from ``paragraph 6'' as a result of the 
            adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (b)(1) All proposed legislation, messages, petitions, 
            memorials, and other matters relating to Indian affairs 
            shall be referred to the select committee.
                (2) It shall be the duty of the select committee to 
            conduct a study of any and all matters pertaining to 
            problems and opportunities of Indians, including but not 
            limited to, Indian land management and trust 
            responsibilities, Indian education, health, special 
            services, and loan programs, and Indian claims against the 
            United States.
                (3) The select committee shall from time to time report 
            to the Senate, by bill or otherwise, its recommendations 
            with respect to matters referred to the select committee or 
            otherwise within its jurisdiction.
                (c)(1) For the purposes of this section, the select 
            committee is authorized, in its discretion, (A) to make 
            investigations into any matter within its jurisdiction, (B) 
            to make expenditures from the contingent fund of the Senate, 
            (C) to employ personnel, (D) to hold hearings, (E) to sit 
            and act at any time or place during the sessions, recesses, 
            and adjourned periods of the Senate, (F) to require, by 
            subpoena or otherwise, the attendance of witnesses and the 
            production of correspondence, books, papers, and documents, 
            (G) to take depositions and other testimony, (H) to procure 
            the services of individual consultants or organizations 
            thereof, in accordance with the provisions of section 202(i) 
            of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, and (I) with 
            the prior consent of the Government department or agency 
            concerned and the Committee on Rules and Administration, to 
            use on a reimbursable basis the services of personnel of any 
            such department or agency.
                (2) The chairman of the select committee or any member 
            thereof may administer oaths to witnesses.

[[Page 151]]

                (3) Subpoenas authorized by the select committee may be 
            issued over the signature of the chairman, or any member of 
            the select committee designated by the chairman, and may be 
            served by any person designated by the chairman or the 
            member signing the subpoena.
                (d) The select committee shall cease to exist on January 
            2, 1984,\16\ and effective on January 3, 1984, jurisdiction 
            over the matters specified in subsection (b)(1) and the duty 
            specified in subsection (b)(2) are transferred to the 
            Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.\17\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \16\ The Senate, by unanimous consent, Nov. 18, 1983, 
            provided for the continuation of the select committee with 
            all of its jurisdictional responsibilities until July 1, 
            1984. S. Res. 127, agreed to June 6, 1984, established the 
            Select Committee on Indian Affairs as a permanent committee 
            of the Senate.
                \17\ Name changed from Committee on Human Resources to 
            Committee on Labor and Human Resources by S. Res. 30, 96-1, 
            Mar. 7, 1979. Name changed to Committee on Health, 
            Education, Labor, and Pensions by S. Res. 28, 106-1, Jan. 
            21, 1999.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                    * * * * * * *

            [Sec. 105 of S. Res. 4, 95-1, Feb. 4, 1977; S. Res. 405, 95-
            2, Oct. 15, 1978; S. Res. 448, 96-2, Dec. 11, 1980; Cong. 
            Rec., Nov. 18, 1983; S. Res. 127, 98-2, June 6, 1984.]

      85.1         TITLE II--COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENTS; CHAIRMANSHIPS

                Sec. 201. * * *
                (f) It is the sense of the Senate that, in adopting 
            rules, each committee of the Senate should include a 
            provision to insure that assignment of Senators to 
            subcommittees will occur in an equitable fashion; namely, 
            that no member of a committee will receive assignment to a 
            second subcommittee until, in order of seniority, all 
            members of the committee have chosen assignments to one 
            subcommittee, and no member shall receive assignment to a 
            third subcommittee until, in order of seniority, all members 
            have chosen assignments to two subcommittees.

                                    * * * * * * *

      85.2           TITLE IV--SCHEDULING OF COMMITTEE MEETINGS

                Sec. 401. (a) In consultation with the Majority Leader 
            and the Minority Leader, the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration shall establish and maintain a computerized 
            schedule of all meetings of committees of the Senate and 
            subcommittees thereof, and of all meetings of joint 
            committees of the Congress and subcommittees thereof. Such 
            schedule shall be maintained online to terminals in the 
            offices of all Senators, committees of the Senate, and 
            permanent joint committees of the Congress, and shall be up

[[Page 152]]

            dated immediately upon receipt of notices of meetings or 
            cancellations thereof under this section.
                (b) Each committee of the Senate, and each subcommittee 
            thereof, shall notify the office designated by the Committee 
            on Rules and Administration of each meeting of such 
            committee or subcommittee, including the time period or 
            periods (as prescribed in paragraph 6 of rule XXVI \18\ of 
            the Standing Rules of the Senate), the place, and the 
            purpose of such meeting. The Senate members of any joint 
            committee of the Congress or of a subcommittee thereof shall 
            cause notice to be given to the office designated by the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration of each meeting of 
            such joint committee or subcommittee, including the time, 
            place, and purposes of such meeting. Notice under this 
            subsection shall be given immediately upon scheduling a 
            meeting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \18\ Changed from ``paragraph 9 of rule XXV'' as a 
            result of the adoption of S. Res. 274, 96-1, Nov. 14, 1979.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (c) Each committee of the Senate, and each subcommittee 
            thereof, shall notify the office designated by the Committee 
            on Rules and Administration immediately upon the 
            cancellation of a meeting of such committee or subcommittee. 
            The Senate members of any joint committee of the Congress or 
            any subcommittee thereof shall cause notice to be given to 
            the office designated by the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration immediately upon the cancellation of a 
            meeting of such joint committee or subcommittee.
                (d) For purposes of this section, the term ``joint 
            committee of the Congress'' includes a committee of 
            conference.

                                    * * * * * * *

      85.3       TITLE V--CONTINUING REVIEW OF THE COMMITTEE SYSTEM

                Sec. 501. (a) The Committee on Rules and Administration, 
            in consultation with the Majority Leader and the Minority 
            Leader, shall review, on a continuing basis, the committee 
            system of the Senate and the Standing Rules and other rules 
            of the Senate related thereto.
                (b) During the second regular session of each Congress, 
            the Committee on Rules and Administration shall submit to 
            the Senate a report of the results of its review under 
            subsection (a) during that Congress. Such report shall 
            include its recommendations (if any) for changes in the 
            committee system of the Senate and the Standing Rules and 
            other rules of the Senate related thereto. The Committee on 
            Rules and Administration may submit, from time to

[[Page 153]]

            time, such other reports and recommendations with respect to 
            such committee system and rules as it deems appropriate.
                (c) The Committee on Rules and Administration, the 
            Majority Leader, and the Minority Leader may request the 
            Secretary for the Majority and the Secretary for the 
            Minority to provide assistance in carrying out their duties 
            and responsibilities under this section.

                                    * * * * * * *

                                        [S. Res. 4, 95-1, Feb. 4, 1977.]

        86       ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS BY THE COMMITTEE ON RULES AND 
                                   ADMINISTRATION

                Sec. 4. The Senate Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, on behalf of the Senate, may accept a gift 
            if the gift does not involve any duty, burden, or condition, 
            or is not made dependent upon some future performance by the 
            United States Senate. The Committee on Rules and 
            Administration is authorized to promulgate regulations to 
            carry out this section.

                                    [S. Res. 158, 104-1, July 28, 1995.]

        87              AUTHORIZING SUIT BY SENATE COMMITTEES

                Resolved, That hereafter any committee of the Senate is 
            hereby authorized to bring suit on behalf of and in the name 
            of the United States in any court of competent jurisdiction 
            if the committee is of the opinion that the suit is 
            necessary to the adequate performance of the powers vested 
            in it or the duties imposed upon it by the Constitution, 
            resolution of the Senate, or other law. Such suit may be 
            brought and prosecuted to final determination irrespective 
            of whether or not the Senate is in session at the time the 
            suit is brought or thereafter. The committee may be 
            represented in the suit either by such attorneys as it may 
            designate or by such officers of the Department of Justice 
            as the Attorney General may designate upon the request of 
            the committee. No expenditures shall be made in connection 
            with any such suit in excess of the amount of funds 
            available to the said committee. As used in this resolution, 
            the term ``committee'' means any standing or special 
            committee of the Senate, or any duly authorized subcommittee 
            thereof, or the Senate members of any joint committee.

                                     [S. Jour. 572, 70-1, May 28, 1928.]

[[Page 154]]



        88                 NATIONAL SECURITY WORKING GROUP

                Sec. 21. Senate National Security Working Group 
            Extension and Revision.
                        (a) Working Group Reconstitution.--
                          (1) In General.--The Senate National Security 
                    Working Group (in this section referred to as the 
                    ``Working Group''), authorized by Senate Resolution 
                    105 of the 101st Congress, 1st session (agreed to on 
                    April 13, 1989), as subsequently amended and 
                    extended, is hereby reconstituted.
                          (2) Duties.--The Working Group--
                                (A) shall serve as a forum for 
                            bipartisan discussion of current national 
                            security issues relating to the 
                            jurisdictions of multiple committees of the 
                            Senate;
                                (B) shall conduct regular meetings and 
                            maintain records of all meetings and 
                            activities;
                                (C) may authorize members to act as 
                            official observers on the United States 
                            delegation to any negotiations to which the 
                            United Statesis a party regarding--
                                  (i) the reduction, limitation, or 
                            control of conventional weapons, weapons of 
                            mass destruction, or the means for delivery 
                            of any such weapons;
                                  (ii) the reduction, limitation, or 
                            control of missile defenses; or
                                  (iii) export controls;
                                (D) may study any issues related to 
                            national security that the majority leader 
                            of the Senate and the minority leader of the 
                            Senate jointly determine appropriate;
                                (E) is encouraged to consult with 
                            parliamentarians and legislators of foreign 
                            nations and to participate in international 
                            forums and institutions regarding the 
                            matters described in subparagraphs (C) and 
                            (D); and
                                (F) is not authorized to investigate 
                            matters relating to espionage or 
                            intelligence operations against the United 
                            States, counterintelligence operations and 
                            activities, or other intelligence matters 
                            within the jurisdiction of the Select 
                            Committee on Intelligence under Senate 
                            Resolution 400 of the 94th Congress, agreed 
                            to on May 19, 1976.

[[Page 155]]

                          (3) Composition.--
                                (A) In General.--The Working Group shall 
                            be composed of 20 members, as follows:
                                  (i) 7 Cochairmen, who shall head the 
                            Working Group, as follows:
                                    (I) 4 Members of the Senate from the 
                            majority party in the Senate (in this 
                            section referredto as the ``Majority 
                            Cochairmen''), appointed by the majority 
                            leader of the Senate.
                                    (II) 3 Members of the Senate from 
                            the minority party in the Senate (in this 
                            section referred to as the ``Minority 
                            Cochairmen''), appointed by the minority 
                            leader of the Senate.
                                  (ii) The majority leader of the Senate 
                            and the minority leader of the Senate.
                                  (iii) 5 Members of the Senate from the 
                            majority party in the Senate, appointed by 
                            the majority leader of the Senate.
                                  (iv) 6 Members of the Senate from the 
                            minority party in the Senate, appointed by 
                            the minority leader of the Senate.
                                (B) Administrative Cochairmen.--The 
                            majority leader of the Senate shall 
                            designate one of the Majority Cochairmen to 
                            serve as the Majority Administrative 
                            Cochairman, and the minority leader of the 
                            Senate shall designate one of the Minority 
                            Cochairmen to serve as the Minority 
                            Administrative Cochairman.
                                (C)Publication.--Appointments and 
                            designations under this paragraph shall be 
                            printed in the Congressional Record.
                          (4) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Working 
                    Group shall be filled in the same manner in which 
                    the original appointment was made.
                        (b) Working Group Staff.--
                          (1) Compensation and Expenses.--(A) The 
                    Working Group is authorized, from funds made 
                    available under subsection (c), to employ such staff 
                    in the manner and at a rate not to exceed that 
                    allowed for employees of a committee of the Senate 
                    under paragraph (3) of section 105(e) of the 
                    Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1968 (2 U.S.C. 
                    61-1(e)), and incur such expenses as may be 
                    necessary or appropriate to carry out its duties and 
                    functions.

[[Page 156]]

                                (B) Senate Resolution 243, 100th 
                            Congress, agreed to July 1, 1987, is amended 
                            in section 2(b) by striking the period at 
                            the end and inserting ``at a rate not to 
                            exceed that allowed for employees of a 
                            committee of the Senate under paragraph (3) 
                            of section 105(e) of the Legislative Branch 
                            Appropriation Act, 1968 (2 U.S.C. 61-
                            1(e)).''.
                                (C) Payments made under this subsection 
                            for receptions, meals, and food-related 
                            expenses shall be authorized, however, only 
                            for those actual expenses incurred by the 
                            Working Group in the course of conducting 
                            its official duties and functions. Amounts 
                            received as reimbursement for such food 
                            expenses shall not be reported as income, 
                            and the expenses so reimbursed shall not be 
                            allowed as a deduction under title 26, 
                            United States Code.
                          (2) Designation of Professional Staff.--
                                (A) In General.--The Majority 
                            Administrative Cochairman shall designate 
                            one or more professional staff members for 
                            each Majority Cochairman of the Working 
                            Group, upon recommendations from each such 
                            Majority Co-chairman. The Minority 
                            Administrative Co-chairman shall designate 
                            one or more professional staff members for 
                            each Minority Cochairman of the Working 
                            Group, upon recommendations from each such 
                            Minority Cochairman.
                                (B) Compensation of Senate Employees.--
                            In the case of the compensation of any such 
                            professional staff member who is an employee 
                            of a Member of the Senate or of a committee 
                            of the Senate and who has been designated to 
                            perform services for the Working Group, such 
                            professional staff member shall continue to 
                            be paid by such Member or such Committee, as 
                            the case may be, but the account from which 
                            such professional staff member is paid shall 
                            be reimbursed for the services of such 
                            professionalstaff member (includingagency 
                            contributions when appropriate) out of funds 
                            made available under subsection (c)(2).

[[Page 157]]

                                (C) Duties.--The professional staff 
                            members authorized by this paragraph shall 
                            serve all members of the Working Group and 
                            shall carry out such other functions as 
                            their respective Co-chairmen may specify.
                                (D) Exclusive Participation in Official 
                            Activities.--Except as provided in paragraph 
                            (4), only designated staff of the Working 
                            Group may participate in the official 
                            activities of the Working Group.
                          (3) Leadership Staff.--
                                (A) In General.--The majority leader of 
                            the Senate and the minority leader of the 
                            Senate may each designate 2 staff members 
                            who shall be responsible to the respective 
                            leader.
                                (B) Compensation.--Funds necessary to 
                            compensate leadership staff shall be 
                            transferred from the funds made available 
                            under subsection (c)(3) to the respective 
                            account from which such designated staff 
                            member is paid.
                          (4) Foreign Travel.--
                                (A) In General.--All foreign travel of 
                            the Working Group shall be authorized solely 
                            by the majority leader of the Senate and the 
                            minority leader of the Senate, upon the 
                            recommendation of the Administrative 
                            Cochairmen. Participation by Senate staff 
                            members in, and access to, all official 
                            activities and functions of the Working 
                            Group during foreign travel, and access to 
                            all classified briefings and information 
                            made available to the Working Group during 
                            such travel, shall be limited exclusively to 
                            Working Group staff members with appropriate 
                            clearances.
                                (B) Authorization Required.--
                                  (i) Committee Staff.--No foreign 
                            travel or other funding shall be authorized 
                            by any committee of the Senate for the use 
                            of staff for activities described under this 
                            paragraph without the joint written 
                            authorization of the majority leader of the 
                            Senate and the minority leader of the Senate 
                            to the chairman of such committee.
                                  (ii) Member Staff.--No foreign travel 
                            or other funding shall be authorized for the 
                            staff of any Member of the Senate, other 
                            than Working Group staff, for activities 
                            described under this

[[Page 158]]

                            paragraph unless the majority leader of the 
                            Senate and the minority leader of the Senate 
                            jointly so authorize in writing.
                        (c) Payment of Expenses.--
                          (1) In General.--The expenses of the Working 
                    Group shall be paid from the contingent fund of the 
                    Senate, out of the account of Miscellaneous Items, 
                    upon vouchers approved jointly by the Administrative 
                    Cochairmen (except that vouchers shall not be 
                    required for the disbursement of salaries of 
                    employees who are paid at an annual rate).
                          (2) Amounts Available.--For any fiscal year, 
                    not more than $500,000 shall be expended for staff 
                    and for expenses (excepting expenses incurred for 
                    foreign travel), of which not more than $100,000 
                    shall be available for each Administrative 
                    Cochairman and the staff of such Administrative 
                    Cochairman, and not more than $60,000 shall be 
                    available for each Cochairman who is not an 
                    Administrative Cochairman and the staff of such 
                    Cochairman.
                          (3) Leadership Staff.--In addition to the 
                    amounts referred to in paragraph (2), for any fiscal 
                    year, not more than $200,000 shall be expended from 
                    the contingent fund of the Senate, out of the 
                    account of Miscellaneous Items, for leadership staff 
                    as designated in subsection (b)(3) for salaries and 
                    expenses (excepting expenses incurred for foreign 
                    travel).
                        (d) Sunset.--The provisions of this section 
                    shall remain in effect until December 31, 2020.

                   [S. Res. 64, 113-1, Mar. 5, 2013, as amended Further 
            Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017, 
            Pub. L. 114-254, Dec. 10, 2016; as amended Energy and Water, 
              Legislative Branch and Military Construction and Veterans 
            Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019, Pub. L. No. 115-244, Sept. 
                                                              21, 2018.]

        89                        SPECIAL DEPUTIES

                Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate is 
            authorized and empowered from time to time to appoint such 
            special deputies as he may think necessary to serve process 
            or perform other duties devolved upon the Sergeant at Arms 
            by law or the rules or orders of the Senate, or which may 
            hereafter be devolved upon him, and in such case they shall 
            be officers of the Senate; and any act done or return made 
            by the deputies so appointed shall have like effect and be 
            of the same validity as if performed or made by the Sergeant 
            at Arms in person.

                                     [S. Jour. 47, 51-1, Dec. 17, 1889.]

[[Page 159]]


        90             OFFICE OF DEPUTY PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

                Resolved, That, effective January 5, 1977, there is 
            hereby established in the United States Senate the Office of 
            Deputy President Pro Tempore.
                Sec. 2. Any Member of the Senate who has held the Office 
            of President of the United States or Vice President of the 
            United States shall be a Deputy President pro tempore.
                Sec. 3. [Superseded.]
                Sec. 4. The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper is 
            authorized (a) to provide, by lease or purchase, and 
            maintain an automobile for each Deputy President pro 
            tempore, and (b) to employ and fix the compensation of a 
            driver-messenger for each Deputy President pro tempore at 
            not to exceed $18,584\19\ per annum.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \19\ Superseded by 2 U.S.C. 6597, Pub. L. 97-51, Oct. 1, 
            1981, Sec. 116, 95 Stat. 963.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Sec. 5. [Superseded.]
                Sec. 6. [Superseded.]
                Sec. 7. Until otherwise provided by law, the Secretary 
            of the Senate is authorized to pay from the contingent fund 
            of the Senate such amounts as may be necessary, for salaries 
            and expenses, to carry out the provisions of this 
            resolution. Expenses incurred under section 4(a) of this 
            resolution shall be paid upon vouchers approved by the 
            Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper. Vouchers shall not be 
            required for the disbursement of salaries of employees paid 
            under authority of this resolution.

                                      [S. Res. 17, 95-1, Jan. 10, 1977.]

                Resolved, That (a) In addition to Senators who hold the 
            office of Deputy President pro tempore under authority of S. 
            Res. 17 of the 95th Congress (agreed to January 10, 1977), 
            any other Member of the Senate who is designated as such by 
            the Senate in a Senate resolution shall be the Deputy 
            President pro tempore of the Senate, and shall hold office 
            at the pleasure of the Senate during the 100th Congress.
                (b) The Deputy President pro tempore who is designated 
            as such pursuant to the authority contained in this 
            resolution is authorized to appoint and fix the compensation 
            of such employees as he deems appropriate: Provided, That 
            the gross compensation paid to such employees shall not 
            exceed $90,000 for any fiscal year.

[[Page 160]]

                (c) The following provisions shall not be applicable to 
            the Deputy President pro tempore who is designated as such 
            pursuant to the authority contained in this resolution:
                (1) the provisions of S. Res. 17 of the 95th Congress 
            (agreed to January 10, 1977);
                (2) the provisions relating to compensation of a Deputy 
            President pro tempore which appear in chapter VIII of Title 
            I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1977, and which 
            are carried in section 32a of Title 2, United States Code; 
            and
                (3) the provisions relating to staff of a Deputy 
            President pro tempore which appear in chapter VIII of Title 
            I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1977, and which 
            are carried in section 611 of Title 2, United States Code.
                (d) Salaries under authority of this section shall be 
            paid from any funds available in the Senate appropriation 
            account for Salaries, Officers and Employees.
                Sec. 2. (a) The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper is 
            authorized to provide, by lease or purchase, and maintain an 
            automobile for the former President pro tempore.
                (b) The Secretary of the Senate is authorized to pay 
            from the contingent fund of the Senate such amounts as may 
            be necessary for expenses to carry out the provisions of 
            this section. Such expenses shall be paid upon vouchers 
            approved by the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper.

                                     [S. Res. 90, 100-1, Jan. 28, 1987.]

        91                MANAGING POLITICAL FUND ACTIVITY

                Sec. 1701. The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader 
            may each designate up to 2 employees of their respective 
            leadership office staff as designees referred to in the 
            second sentence of paragraph 1 of rule XLI of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate.

            [Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, Pub. L. 116-
                                                     94, Dec. 20, 2019.]

        92                 SENATE PARLIAMENTARIAN EMERITUS

            Whereas the Senate has been advised of the retirement of its 
                Parliamentarian, Floyd M. Riddick, at the end of this 
                session: Therefore be it
                Resolved, That, effective at the sine die adjournment of 
            this session, as a token of the appreciation of the Senate 
            for his long and faithful service, Floyd M. Riddick is 
            hereby designated as Parliamentarian Emeritus of the United 
            States Senate.

            [S. Jour. 1519, 93-2, Dec. 5, 1974.]

[[Page 161]]

                Resolved, That Murray Zweben be, and he is hereby, 
            designated as a Parliamentarian Emeritus of the United 
            States Senate.

            [S. Res. 297, 98-1, Nov. 18, 1983.]

                Resolved, That Robert B. Dove be, and he is hereby, 
            designated as a Parliamentarian Emeritus of the United 
            States Senate.

            [S. Res. 32, 100-1, Jan. 6, 1987.]

                Resolved, That Alan Scott Frumin be, and he is hereby 
            designated as a Parliamentarian Emeritus of the United 
            States Senate.

            [S. Res. 23, 105-1, Jan. 23, 1997.]

        93          SENATE CHIEF COUNSEL FOR EMPLOYMENT EMERITUS

            Whereas Jean M. Manning will retire from the United States 
                Senate after having served with distinction as the 
                Senate's first Chief Counsel for Employment from 1993 to 
                2014;
            Whereas Jean M. Manning has dedicated her Senate service to 
                providing legal representation, legal advice and legal 
                training to all senators and their management staff with 
                respect to all matters arising under the Government 
                Employee Rights Act of 1991, and the Congressional 
                Accountability Act of 1995;
            Whereas Jean M. Manning has represented Senate offices with 
                distinction before the federal courts;
            Whereas Jean M. Manning has upheld the high standards and 
                traditions of the Senate with abiding devotion and has 
                performed her Senate duties in an impartial, 
                professional manner; and
            Whereas Jean M. Manning has earned the respect, affection 
                and esteem of the United States Senate: Now, therefore, 
                be it
                Resolved, That, upon her retirement on March 19, 2014, 
            as a token of the appreciation of the Senate for her long 
            and faithful service, Jean M. Manning is hereby designated 
            as Chief Counsel for Employment Emeritus of the United 
            States Senate.

            [S. Res. 391, 113-2, Mar. 13, 2014.]

        94                    SENATE HISTORIAN EMERITUS

            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie will retire from the United States 
                Senate after serving with distinction, first as 
                Associate Historian from 1976 to 2009, and then as 
                Senate Historian from 2009 to 2015;

[[Page 162]]

            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has dedicated his Senate service 
                to preserving, protecting, and promoting the history of 
                the Senate and its members;
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has produced or guided production 
                of numerous publications detailing the rich 
                institutional history of the Senate;
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has been instrumental in 
                preserving, organizing, and making available to scholars 
                the vast archival holdings of the Senate and its 
                members;
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has assisted in the Senate's 
                commemoration of events of historical significance and 
                in the development of exhibitions and educational 
                programs on the history of the Senate and the Capitol;
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has guided the Senate's 
                comprehensive Oral History Project to capture and 
                preserve the institutional memory of Senators, Senate 
                officers, and Senate staff;
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has upheld the high standards and 
                traditions of the Senate, and has performed his duties 
                in a professional and nonpartisan manner; and
            Whereas Donald A. Ritchie has earned the respect and esteem 
                of the United States Senate; Now, therefore, be it
                Resolved, That, effective June 1, 2015, as a token of 
            the appreciation of the Senate for his long and faithful 
            service, Donald A. Ritchie is hereby designated as Historian 
            Emeritus of the United States Senate.

            [S. Res. 147, 114-1, Apr. 22, 2015.]

        95                     SENATE CURATOR EMERITUS

            Whereas Diane K. Skvarla will retire from the Senate after 
                18 years as Senate Curator, and more than 30 years of 
                Senate service;
            Whereas she has diligently cared for and greatly enhanced 
                the material history and historic spaces of the Senate 
                as a legacy for future generations;
            Whereas she has educated and inspired the Senate community, 
                visitors to the Capitol, and the people of the United 
                States with numerous exhibits, publications, and 
                educational programs;
            Whereas her vision and leadership resulted in significant 
                improvements to the restoration and historic 
                interpretation of the Old Senate Chamber and other 
                historic rooms of the Capitol;Whereas she has caused to 
                be pub

[[Page 163]]

                lished significant catalogues of the fine and graphic 
                art collections of the Senate for the benefit of the 
                people of the United States;
            Whereas she has upheld the highest standards and traditions 
                of the Senate with unwavering dedication; and
            Whereas she has earned the respect, affection, and esteem of 
                the Senate: Now, therefore, be it
                Resolved, That, effective January 27, 2014, as a token 
            of the appreciation of the Senate for her long and faithful 
            service, Diane K. Skvarla is hereby designated as Curator 
            Emeritus of the United States Senate.

                                    [S. Res. 338, 113-2, Jan. 27, 2014.]

        96                SENATE SECURITY DIRECTOR EMERITUS

            Whereas Michael P. DiSilvestro will retire from the United 
                States Senate after serving for over 30 years as the 
                first Director of the Office of Senate Security, and in 
                the Senate for over 37 years total, including numerous 
                postponements of his retirement when the needs of the 
                Senate prevailed upon him;
            Whereas his career has been dedicated to protecting and 
                facilitating the Senate's ability to review, discuss, 
                and act upon the most sensitive national security 
                information in our Government;
            Whereas he represented the Senate boldly and effectively to 
                the executive branch of Government as it delivered 
                critical documents and briefings for the consideration 
                and oversight of the Senate;
            Whereas his selfless dedication to the Senate's 
                constitutional function has made him a leader in 
                planning and executing continuity programs for the 
                Senate and Congress as a whole;
            Whereas, at great peril, he remained on the front line of 
                service to the Senate in times of heinous attacks on 
                Senate offices;
            Whereas he has upheld the highest standards and traditions 
                of the Senate as a universally trusted voice of 
                nonpartisan professionalism and expertise; and
            Whereas he has earned the respect and esteem of the Senate: 
                Now, therefore, be it
                Resolved, That, effective May 23, 2020, as a token of 
            the appreciation of the Senate for his long and faithful 
            service,

[[Page 164]]

            Michael P. DiSilvestro is hereby designated as Director 
            Emeritus of Senate Security of the United States Senate.

                                     [S. Res. 582, 116-2, May 19, 2020.]

        97         PERSONS NOT FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES OF SENATE \20\

                Resolved, That hereafter, standing or select committees 
            employing the services of persons who are not full-time 
            employees of the Senate or any committee thereof shall 
            submit monthly reports to the Senate (or to the Secretary 
            during a recess or adjournment) showing (1) the name and 
            address of any such person; (2) the name and address of the 
            department or organization by whom his salary is paid; and 
            (3) the annual rate of compensation in each case.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \20\See also paragraphs 4 and 6 of rule XLI of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                    [S. Jour. 407, 78-2, Aug. 23, 1944.]

        98                          SENATE PAGES

                Resolved, That it shall be the duty of the Sergeant at 
            Arms to classify the pages of the Senate, so that at the 
            close of the present and each succeeding Congress, one-half 
            the number shall be removed * * *.

                                    [S. Jour. 514, 33-1, July 17, 1854.]

                Resolved, That until otherwise hereafter provided for by 
            law, there shall be paid out of the contingent fund of the 
            Senate such amounts as may be necessary to enable the 
            Secretary of the Senate to furnish educational services and 
            related items for Senate Pages in accordance with this 
            resolution.
                Sec. 2. The Senate Page program shall be administered by 
            the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate and the 
            Secretaries for the majority and minority of the Senate. All 
            policy decisions regarding the operation of the Senate Page 
            program shall be made by the Senate management board, with 
            the concurrence of the majority and minority leaders of the 
            Senate.
                Sec. 3. In order to provide educational services and 
            related items for Senate Pages, the Secretary of the Senate 
            is authorized to enter into a contract, agreement, or other 
            arrangement with the Board of Education of the District of 
            Columbia, or to provide such educational services and items 
            in such other manner as he may deem appropriate.
                Sec. 4. The educational services under the Senate Page 
            program shall consist of an academic year comprising two

[[Page 165]]

            terms, and a Page serving in such program shall be in the 
            eleventh grade.
                Sec. 5. The resolution shall take effect as of the date 
            of its approval.

            [S. Res. 184, 98-1, July 29, 1983.]

                Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate is authorized 
            to withhold from the salary of each Senate page who resides 
            in the page residence hall an amount equal to the charge 
            imposed for lodging, meals, and related services, furnished 
            to such page in such hall. The amounts so withheld shall be 
            transferred by the Secretary of the Senate to the Clerk of 
            the House of Representatives for deposit by such Clerk in 
            the revolving fund, within the contingent fund of the House 
            of Representatives, for the page residence hall and page 
            meal plan, as established by H. Res. 64, 98th Congress.

            [S. Res. 78, 98-1, Mar. 2, 1983.]

        99  CLOSING THE OFFICE OF A SENATOR OR SENATE LEADER WHO DIES OR 
                                       RESIGNS

                Resolved, That (a)(1) In the case of the death or 
            resignation of a Senator during his term of office, the 
            employees in the office of such Senator who are on the 
            Senate payroll on the date of such death or resignation 
            shall be continued on such payroll at their respective 
            salaries, unless adjusted by the Secretary of the Senate 
            with the approval of the Senate Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, for a period not to exceed sixty days, or 
            such greater number of days as may, in any particular case, 
            be established by the Senate Committee on Rules and 
            Administration as being required to complete the closing of 
            the office of such Senator. Such employees so continued on 
            the payroll of the Senate shall, while so continued, perform 
            their duties under the direction of the Secretary of the 
            Senate, and such Secretary shall remove from such payroll 
            any such employees who are not attending to the duties for 
            which their services are continued.
                (2) If an employee of a Senator continued on the Senate 
            payroll pursuant to paragraph (1) resigns or is terminated 
            during the period required to complete the closing of the 
            office of such Senator, the Secretary of the Senate may 
            replace such employee by appointing another individual. Any 
            individual appointed as a replacement under the authority of 
            the preceding sentence shall be subject to the same terms of 
            employment, except for salary, as the employee such 
            individual replaces.

[[Page 166]]

                (b) In the case of the death or resignation of a Senator 
            while holding the office of President pro tempore, Deputy 
            President pro tempore, President pro tempore emeritus, 
            Majority Leader, Minority Leader, Majority Whip, Minority 
            Whip, Secretary of the Conference of the Majority, Secretary 
            of the Conference of the Minority, of the Senate, the 
            Chairman of the Conference of the Majority, the Chairman of 
            the Conference of the Minority, the Chairman of the Majority 
            Policy Committee, or the Chairman of the Minority Policy 
            Committee, the employees of such office who are on the 
            payroll of the Senate on the date of such death or 
            resignation shall be continued on the Senate payroll in like 
            manner and under the same conditions as are employees in the 
            office of such Senator under subsection (a) of this section.
                (c) No employee of the Senate who is continued on the 
            payroll of the Senate under the preceding provisions of this 
            section on account of the death or resignation of a Senator 
            shall be continued on such payroll after the date of the 
            expiration of the term of office of such Senator as a 
            Senator, or, such later date as may, in any particular case, 
            be established by the Senate Committee on Rules and 
            Administration as being required to complete the closing of 
            the office of such Senator.
                (d) Payment of salaries of employees who are continued 
            on the Senate payroll under authority of this section, and 
            payment of agency contributions with respect to such 
            salaries, shall be made from the account for Miscellaneous 
            Items within the contingent fund of the Senate.
                (e) During any period for which the employees of the 
            office of a Senator, who has died or resigned, are continued 
            on the Senate payroll under the first section of this 
            resolution, official office expenses which are necessary in 
            closing such Senator's office (or offices in case of a 
            Senator who dies or resigns while holding an office referred 
            to in subsection (b) of this section) shall be made from the 
            account for Miscellaneous Items within the contingent fund 
            of the Senate upon vouchers approved by the Secretary of the 
            Senate; except that the aggregate of such expenses shall not 
            exceed an amount equal to one-tenth of such Senator's 
            official office expense account for the year in which he 
            died or resigned.
                (f) Duties to be performed by the Secretary of the 
            Senate under this section and under section 2 of this 
            resolution

[[Page 167]]

            shall be performed under the direction of the Senate 
            Committee on Rules and Administration.
                Sec. 2. In the case of the death of any Senator, the 
            Secretary of the Senate may, with respect to any item of 
            expense for which payment had been authorized to be made 
            from such Senator's official office expense account, certify 
            for such deceased Senator for any sum already obligated but 
            not certified to at the time of such Senator's death for 
            payment to the person or persons designated as entitled to 
            such payment by such Secretary.
                Sec. 3. (a) The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the 
            Senate shall make such arrangements as may be necessary, in 
            accordance with such regulations as the Senate Committee on 
            Rules and Administration may prescribe, for:
                        (1) the funeral of a deceased Senator; and
                        (2) any committee appointed to attend the 
                    funeral of a deceased Senator.
                (b) Expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of 
            subsection (a) of this section shall be paid from the 
            account for Miscellaneous Items within the contingent fund 
            of the Senate, on vouchers approved by the Sergeant at Arms 
            and Doorkeeper of the Senate.
                Sec. 4. The following Senate resolutions are repealed: 
            S. Res. 5, 82d Congress (agreed to April 11, 1951), and S. 
            Res. 354, 95th Congress (agreed to January 20, 1978).
                Sec. 5. (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this 
            section, the provisions of this resolution shall take effect 
            upon the date it is agreed to by the Senate.
                (b) The first section of this resolution shall take 
            effect on the date that there is hereafter enacted a 
            provision of law which (1) makes inapplicable to any 
            employee of the Senate the provisions of the third paragraph 
            under the heading ``Clerical assistance to Senators'' of the 
            first section of the Legislative Appropriation Act for the 
            fiscal year ending June 30, 1928 (2 U.S.C. 92a), and (2) 
            repeals (A) the last paragraph under the heading ``Clerical 
            assistance to Senators'' of the first section of the 
            Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1944 (2 U.S.C. 92e), 
            (B) the last paragraph under the heading ``Clerical 
            assistance to Senators'' of the first section of the 
            Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1945 (2 U.S.C. 92e), 
            (C) the next-to-last paragraph under the heading ``Clerical 
            assistance to Senators'' of the first section of the 
            Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1946

[[Page 168]]

            (2 U.S.C. 92e), and (D) the next-to-last paragraph under the 
            heading ``Clerical assistance to Senators'' of the first 
            section of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1947 (2 
            U.S.C. 92e).
                (c) After the date this resolution is agreed to, the 
            Chairman of the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration 
            shall make no further certifications under authority of 
            section 506(g) of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1973 
            (2 U.S.C. 58(g)).

             [S. Res. 458, 98-2, Oct. 4, 1984; S. Res. 173, 100-1, Mar. 
              24, 1987, S. Res. 478, 108-2, Nov. 19, 2004; S. Res. 238, 
                                                  110-1, June 18, 2007.]

       100   PAY OF COMMITTEE STAFF DISPLACED BY CHANGE OF CHAIRMAN OR 
                            RANKING MINORITY MEMBER \21\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \21\ S. Res. 9 established these provisions by amendment 
            to S. Res. 458 (Sec. 95 above).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Sec. 6. (a) For purposes of this section:
                        (1) The term ``committee'' means a standing, 
                    select or special committee, or commission of the 
                    Senate, or a joint committee of the Congress whose 
                    funds are disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate.
                        (2) The terms ``Chairman'' and ``Ranking 
                    Minority Member'' mean the Chairman, Vice Chairman, 
                    Cochairman and Ranking Minority Member of a 
                    committee.
                        (3) The term ``eligible staff member'' means an 
                    individual--
                                (A) who was an employee--
                                  (i) of a committee or subcommittee 
                            thereof or a Senate leadership office 
                            described in subsection (b) of the first 
                            section of this resolution, or
                                  (ii) in an office of a Senator on the 
                            expiration of the term of office of such 
                            Senator as a Senator, but only if the 
                            Senator is not serving as a Senator for the 
                            next term of office and was a candidate in 
                            the general election for such next term,
                                (B) whose employment described in 
                            subparagraph (A) was at least 183 days 
                            (whether or not service was continuous) 
                            before the date of termination of employment 
                            described in paragraph (4), and
                                (C) whose pay is disbursed by the 
                            Secretary of the Senate.

[[Page 169]]

                        The term ``eligible staff member'' shall not 
                    include an employee to whom the first section of 
                    this resolution applies.
                        (4) The term ``displaced staff member'' means an 
                    eligible staff member--
                                (A) whose service as an employee of the 
                            Senate is terminated solely and directly as 
                            a result of--
                                  (i) in the case of employment 
                            described in paragraph (3)(A)(i), a change 
                            in the individual occupying the position of 
                            Chairman or Ranking Minority Member of a 
                            committee or in the individual occupying the 
                            Senate leadership office, and
                                  (ii) in the case of employment 
                            described in paragraph (3)(A)(ii), the 
                            expiration of the term of office of the 
                            Senator, and
                                (B) who is certified, not later than 60 
                            days after the date of the change or 
                            expiration of term of office, whichever is 
                            applicable, as a displaced staff member by 
                            the Chairman or Ranking Minority Member of 
                            the committee, the Senator occupying the 
                            Senate leadership office, or the Senator 
                            whose term is expiring, whichever is 
                            applicable, to the Secretary of the Senate.
                (b) The Secretary of the Senate shall notify the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration of the name of each 
            displaced staff member.
                (c)(1) Under regulations prescribed by the Committee on 
            Rules and Administration each displaced staff member shall, 
            upon application to the Secretary of the Senate and approval 
            by the Committee on Rules and Administration, continue to be 
            paid at their respective salaries for a period not to exceed 
            60 days following the staff member's date of termination or 
            until the staff member becomes otherwise gainfully employed, 
            whichever is earlier.
                (2) A statement in writing by any such employee that he 
            was not gainfully employed during such period or the portion 
            thereof for which payment is claimed shall be accepted as 
            prima facie evidence that he was not so employed.
                (d) Funds necessary to carry out the provisions of this 
            section shall be available as set forth in section 1(d).  

              [S. Res. 9, 103-1, Jan. 7, 1993; S. Res. 478, 108-2, Nov. 
                                                              19, 2004.]

[[Page 170]]



       101      PAY OF CLERICAL AND OTHER ASSISTANTS AS AFFECTED BY 
                    TERMINATION OF SERVICE OF APPOINTED SENATORS

                Resolved, That in any case in which (1) a Senator is 
            appointed to fill any portion of an unexpired term, (2) an 
            election is thereafter held to fill the remainder of such 
            unexpired term, and (3) the Senator so appointed is not a 
            candidate or if a candidate is not elected at such election, 
            his clerical and other assistants on the payroll of the 
            Senate on the date of termination of his service shall be 
            continued on such roll at their respective salaries until 
            the expiration of thirty days following such date or until 
            they become otherwise gainfully employed, whichever is 
            earlier, such sums to be paid from the contingent fund of 
            the Senate. A statement in writing by any such employee that 
            he was not gainfully employed during such period or the 
            portion thereof for which payment is claimed shall be 
            accepted as prima facie evidence that he was not so 
            employed. The provisions of this resolution shall not apply 
            to an employee of any such Senator if on or before the date 
            of termination of his service he notifies the Disbursing 
            Office of the Senate in writing that he does not wish the 
            provisions of this resolution to apply to such employee.

            [S. Jour. 421, 86-2, June 28, 1960.]

       102     LEAVE WITHOUT PAY STATUS FOR CERTAIN SENATE EMPLOYEES 
                    PERFORMING SERVICE IN THE UNIFORMED SERVICES

                Sec. 1. Leave without pay status for certain Senate 
            employees performing service in the uniformed services.
                (a) Definitions.--In this section--
                        (1) the terms ``employee'' and ``Federal 
                    executive agency'' have the meanings given those 
                    terms under section 4303 (3) and (5) of title 38, 
                    United States Code, respectively; and
                        (2) the term ``employee of the Senate'' means 
                    any employee whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary 
                    of the Senate, except that the term does not include 
                    a member of the Capitol Police or a civilian 
                    employee of the Capitol Police.
                (b) Leave without pay status--An employee of the Senate 
            who is deemed to be on furlough or leave of absence under 
            section 4316(b)(1)(A) of title 38, United States Code, by 
            reason of service in the uniformed services--
                        (1) may be placed in a leave without pay status 
                    while so on furlough or leave of absence; and
                        (2) while placed in that status, shall be 
                    treated--

[[Page 171]]

                                (A) subject to subparagraph (B), as an 
                            employee of a Federal executive agency in a 
                            leave without pay status for purposes of 
                            chapters 83, 84, 87, and 89 of title 5, 
                            United States Code; and
                                (B) as a Congressional employee for 
                            purposes of those chapters.
                (c) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on 
            October 1, 2001, and apply to fiscal year 2002 and each 
            fiscal year thereafter.  

            [S. Res. 193, 107-1, Dec. 19, 2001.]

       103             LOYALTY CHECKS ON SENATE EMPLOYEES \22\

                Resolved, That hereafter when any person is appointed as 
            an employee of any committee of the Senate, of any Senator, 
            or of any office of the Senate the committee, Senator, or 
            officer having authority to make such appointment shall 
            transmit the name of such person to the Federal Bureau of 
            Investigation, together with a request that such committee, 
            Senator, or officer be informed as to any derogatory and 
            rebutting information in the possession of such agency 
            concerning the loyalty and reliability for security purposes 
            of such person, and in any case in which such derogatory 
            information is revealed such committee, Senator, or officer 
            shall make or cause to be made such further investigation as 
            shall have been considered necessary to determine the 
            loyalty and reliability for security purposes of such 
            person.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \22\ This resolution has not been generally implemented 
            since the Federal Bureau of Investigation took the position 
            that it was not authorized to divulge the information 
            referred to in the resolution. However, the Bureau and the 
            Department of Defense cooperate with Senate committees and 
            offices which request security checks of specific employees 
            when it is considered necessary by a committee chairman or 
            officer of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Every such committee, Senator, and officer shall 
            promptly transmit to the Federal Bureau of Investigation a 
            list of the names of the incumbent employees of such 
            committee, Senator, or officer together with a request that 
            such committee, Senator, or officer be informed of any 
            derogatory and rebutting information contained in the files 
            of such agency concerning the loyalty and reliability for 
            security purposes of such employee.

            [S. Jour. 144, 83-1, Mar. 6, 1953.]

       104               EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES\23\

            Whereas the Senate supports the principle that each 
                individual is entitled to the equal protection of the 
                laws

[[Page 172]]

                guaranteed by the Fourteenth Article of Amendment to the 
                Constitution of the United States; and
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \23\ See also rule XLII of the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Whereas the Senate as an employer is not compelled by law to 
                provide to its employees the protections against 
                discrimination established in the Equal Pay Act of 1963 
                or Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: Now, 
                therefore, be it
                Resolved, That (a) no Member, officer, or employee of 
            the Senate shall, with respect to employment by the Senate 
            or any office thereof--
                        (1) fail or refuse to hire an individual,
                        (2) discharge an individual, or
                        (3) otherwise discriminate against an individual 
                    with respect to promotion, compensation, or terms, 
                    conditions, or privileges of employment,
            on the basis of such individual's race, color, religion, 
            sex, national origin or state of handicap.
                (b) Each Member, officer, and employee of the Senate 
            shall encourage the hiring of women and members of minority 
            groups at all levels of employment on the staffs of Members, 
            officers, and committees of the Senate.

                                     [S. Res. 534, 94-2, Sept. 8, 1976.]

       105      MANDATING ANTI-HARASSMENT TRAINING FOR SENATORS AND 
             OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AND INTERNS OF, AND DETAILEES TO THE 
                                       SENATE

                Resolved,
                        SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
                                This resolution may be cited as the 
                            ``Senate Anti-Harassment Training Resolution 
                            of 2017''.
                        Sec. 2. Definitions.
                                In this resolution--
                                (1) the term ``covered office'' means an 
                            office, including a joint commission or 
                            joint committee, employing Senate employees;
                                (2) the term ``covered position'' means 
                            a position as--
                                  (A) a Senate employee that is not a 
                            position as a Senate manager;
                                  (B) an intern or fellow in a covered 
                            office--
                                    (i) without regard to whether the 
                            intern or fellow receives compensation; and

[[Page 173]]

                                    (ii) if the intern or fellow does 
                            receive compensation, without regard to the 
                            source of compensation; or
                                  (C) a detailee in a covered office, 
                            without regard to whether the service is on 
                            a reimbursable basis;
                                (3) the term ``head of a covered 
                            office'' means--
                                  (A) the Senator, officer, or Senate 
                            manager having final authority to appoint, 
                            hire, discharge, and set the terms, 
                            conditions, or privileges of the employment 
                            of the Senate employees employed by a 
                            covered office; or
                                  (B) in the case of a covered office 
                            that is a joint committee or joint 
                            commission, the Senator from the majority 
                            party of the Senate who--
                                    (i) is a member of, or has authority 
                            over, the committee or commission; and
                                    (ii)(I) serves in the highest 
                            leadership role in the committee or 
                            commission; or
                                    (II) if there is no such leadership 
                            role for a Senator on the committee or 
                            commission, is the most senior Senator on 
                            the committee or commission;

                                (4) the term ``officer'' means an 
                            elected or appointed officer of the Senate;
                                (5) the term ``Senate employee'' means 
                            an employee whose pay is disbursed by the 
                            Secretary of the Senate, without regard to 
                            the term of the appointment; and
                                (6) the term ``Senate manager'' means a 
                            Senate employee empowered to effect a 
                            significant change in the employment status 
                            of another Senate employee, such as hiring, 
                            firing, failing to promote, reassignment 
                            with significantly different 
                            responsibilities, or a decision causing a 
                            change in benefits.
                        Sec. 3. Anti-Harassment Training.
                        (a) Senators, Officers, and Senate Managers.--
                    Each head of a covered office and Senate manager 
                    shall complete training that addresses the various 
                    forms of workplace harassment, including sexual 
                    harassment, and related intimidation and reprisal 
                    that are prohibited under the Congressional 
                    Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.) 
                    and their role

[[Page 174]]

                    in recognizing and responding to harassment and 
                    harassment complaints.
                        (b) Other Senate Staff.--Any individual serving 
                    in a covered position shall complete training that 
                    addresses the various forms of workplace harassment, 
                    including sexual harassment, and related 
                    intimidation and reprisal that are prohibited under 
                    the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (2 
                    U.S.C. 1301 et seq.).
                        (c) Ensuring Access.--The head of a covered 
                    office shall ensure that each individual serving in 
                    a covered position or as a Senate manager in the 
                    covered office has access to the training required 
                    under this section.
                        Sec. 4. Timing.
                        (a) Initial Training.--
                                (1) In General.--The training required 
                            under section 3 shall be completed--
                                  (A) for an individual elected, 
                            appointed, or assigned to a position as a 
                            Senator, officer, orSenate manager or to a 
                            covered position after the date of adoption 
                            of this resolution who was not serving in 
                            the same covered office as a Senator, 
                            officer, or Senate manager or in a covered 
                            position immediately before being so 
                            elected, appointed, or assigned, not later 
                            than 60 days after the date on which the 
                            individual assumes the position; and
                                  (B) except as provided in paragraph 
                            (2), for an individual serving in a position 
                            as a Senator, officer, or Senate manager or 
                            in a covered position on the date of 
                            adoption of this resolution, not later than 
                            60 days after such date of adoption.
                                (2) Individuals Receiving Recent 
                            Training.--An individual serving as a 
                            Senator, officer, or Senate manager or in a 
                            covered position on the date of adoption of 
                            this resolution who completed training that 
                            addresses the various forms of workplace 
                            harassment, including sexual harassment, and 
                            related intimidation and reprisal that are 
                            prohibited under the Congressional 
                            Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et 
                            seq.) during the period beginning on the 
                            first day of the 115th Congress and ending 
                            on such date of adoption shall be deemed to 
                            have completed training under paragraph 
                            (1)(B).

[[Page 175]]

                        (b) Periodic Training.--An individual serving in 
                    a position as a Senator, officer, or Senate manager 
                    or in a covered position shall complete the training 
                    required under section 3 at least once during each 
                    Congress beginning after the Congress during which 
                    the individual completes the initial training in 
                    accordance with subsection 9 (a).
                        Sec. 5. Certification.
                        (a) In General.--Not later than the last day of 
                    each Congress, each covered office shall submit to 
                    the Secretary of the Senate a certification 
                    indicating whether each Senator, officer, and Senate 
                    manager serving in a position in the covered office 
                    and each individual serving in a covered position in 
                    the covered office has completed the training 
                    requirements under this resolution during that 
                    Congress.
                        (b) Publication.--Not later than 30 days after 
                    the first day of each Congress, the Secretary of the 
                    Senate shall publish each certification submitted to 
                    the Secretary of the Senate under subsection (a) 
                    with respect to the previous Congress on the public 
                    website of the Secretary of the Senate.
                        Sec. 6. Regulations or Guidance.
                        The Committee on Rules and Administration of the 
                    Senate is authorized to issue such regulations or 
                    guidance as it may determine necessary to carry out 
                    this resolution.

            [S. Res. 330, 115-1, Nov. 9, 2017.]

       106                      SENATE YOUTH PROGRAM

            Whereas the continued vitality of our Republic depends, in 
                part, on the intelligent understanding of our political 
                processes and the functioning of our National Government 
                by the citizens of the United States; and
            Whereas the durability of a constitutional democracy is 
                dependent upon alert, talented, vigorous competition for 
                political leadership; and
            Whereas individual Senators have cooperated with various 
                private and university undergraduate and graduate 
                fellowship and internship programs relating to the work 
                of Congress; and
            Whereas, in the high schools of the United States, there 
                exists among students who have been elected to student-
                body offices in their sophomore, junior, or senior year 
                a potential reservoir of young citizens who are

[[Page 176]]

                experiencing their first responsibilities of service to 
                a constituency and who should be encouraged to deepen 
                their interest in and understanding of their country's 
                political processes: Now, therefore, be it

                Resolved, That the Senate hereby expresses its 
            willingness to cooperate in a nationwide competitive high 
            school Senate youth program which would give several 
            representative high school students from each State a short 
            indoctrination into the operation of the United States 
            Senate and the Federal Government generally, if such a 
            program can be satisfactorily arranged and completely 
            supported by private funds with no expense to the Federal 
            Government.
                Sec. 2. The Senate Committee on Rules and Administration 
            shall investigate the possibility of establishing such a 
            program and, if the committee determines such a program is 
            possible and advisable, it shall make the necessary 
            arrangements to establish the program.
                Sec. 3. For the purpose of this resolution, the term 
            ``State'' includes the Department of Defense education 
            system for dependents in overseas areas.

              [S. Res. 324, 87-2, May 17, 1962; S. Res. 146, 97-1, July 
                                                              30, 1981.]

            Whereas by S. Res. 324 of the Eighty-seventh Congress, 
                agreed to May 17, 1962, the Senate expressed its 
                willingness to cooperate in a nationwide competitive 
                Senate youth program supported by private funds, which 
                would give representative high school students from each 
                State a short indoctrination into the operation of the 
                United States Senate and the Federal Government 
                generally, and authorized the Senate Committee on Rules 
                and Administration, if it should find such a program 
                possible and advisable, to make the necessary 
                arrangements therefor; and
            Whereas the Committee on Rules and Administration, after 
                appropriate investigation, having determined such a 
                program to be not only possible but highly desirable, 
                authorized its establishment and with the support of the 
                leaders and other Members of the Senate and the 
                cooperation of certain private institutions made the 
                necessary arrangements therefor; and
            Whereas, pursuant to such arrangements, and with the 
                cooperation of and participation by the offices of every 
                Member of the Senate and the Vice President, one hundred 
                and two student leaders representing all States

[[Page 177]]

                of the Union and the District of Columbia were 
                privileged to spend the period from January 28, 1963, 
                through February 2, 1963, in the Nation's Capitol, 
                thereby broadening their knowledge and understanding of 
                Congress and the legislative process and stimulating 
                their appreciation of the importance of a freely elected 
                legislature in the perpetuation of our democratic system 
                of government; and
            Whereas by S. Res. 147 of the Eighty-eighth Congress, agreed 
                to May 27, 1963, another group of student leaders from 
                throughout the United States spent approximately one 
                week in the Nation's Capitol, during January 1964; and
            Whereas it is the consensus of all who participated that the 
                above two programs were unqualifiedly successful, and in 
                all respects worthy and deserving of continuance; and
            Whereas the private foundation which financed the initial 
                programs has graciously offered to support a similar 
                program during the year ahead: Now, therefore, be it
                Resolved, That, until otherwise directed by the Senate 
            the Senate youth program authorized by S. Res. 324 of the 
            Eighty-seventh Congress, agreed to May 17, 1962, and 
            extended by S. Res. 147, agreed to May 27, 1963, may be 
            continued at the discretion of and under such conditions as 
            may be determined by the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration.

            [S. Jour. 196, 88-2, Apr. 16, 1964.]

       107                SENIOR CITIZEN INTERNSHIP PROGRAM

                Resolved, That (a) each Senator is authorized to employ 
            for not more than fourteen consecutive days each year during 
            the month of May a senior citizen intern or interns to serve 
            in his office in Washington, District of Columbia.
                (b) To be eligible to serve as a senior citizen intern 
            an individual shall certify to the Secretary of the Senate 
            that he has attained the age of sixty years, is a bona fide 
            resident of the State of his employing Senator, and is a 
            citizen of the United States.
                (c)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), for purposes 
            of payment of compensation and travel expenses, senior 
            citizen interns employed pursuant to this resolution shall 
            be subject to the same limitations and restrictions 
            applicable to Senators and Senate employees.

[[Page 178]]

                (2) An outside vendor may provide for the travel and per 
            diem expenses only of senior citizen interns in the Senior 
            Citizen Intern Program subject to approval by the Committee 
            on Rules and Administration. Documentation provided by such 
            vendor may be accepted as official travel expense 
            documentation for the purpose of reimbursing interns in the 
            program for travel expenses.
                Sec. 2. Compensation and payment under this resolution 
            shall be paid from and charged against the clerk-hire and 
            travel allowances of the Senator employing such senior 
            citizen intern.
                Sec. 3. The Committee on Rules and Administration is 
            authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations as it 
            determines necessary to carry out this resolution.

            [S. Res. 219, 95-2, May 5, 1978; S. Res. 96, 102-1, Apr. 24, 
                                                                  1991.]

       108  
            transportation costs and travel expenses incurred by members 
                and employees of the senate when engaged in authorized 
                foreign travel

                Resolved, That until otherwise provided by law or 
            resolution of the Senate, the contingent fund of the Senate 
            is made available, as provided in this resolution, to defray 
            the costs of transportation and the ordinary and necessary 
            travel expenses of Members and employees of the Senate when 
            engaged in authorized foreign travel. The Secretary of the 
            Senate is authorized to advance funds, under authority of 
            this resolution, in the same manner provided for committees 
            of the Senate under the authority of Public Law 118, Eighty-
            first Congress, approved June 22, 1949.
                Sec. 2. (a) Transportation costs and ordinary and 
            necessary travel expenses incurred by a Member or employee 
            engaged in authorized foreign travel shall be paid upon 
            certification of such Member or employee, and upon vouchers 
            approved by the Senator who authorized such foreign travel.
                (b) Transportation costs and ordinary and necessary 
            travel expenses which are incurred for a group of Members or 
            employees engaged in authorized foreign travel shall be paid 
            upon certification of the Member who is chairman of such 
            group (or, if no chairman has been designated, upon 
            certification of the ranking Member of such group) or, if 
            the group does not include a Member, upon certification of 
            the senior employee in such group, and upon vouchers 
            approved by the Senator who authorized such foreign travel.

[[Page 179]]

                (c) The reports of the Secretary of the Senate setting 
            forth amounts paid from the contingent fund under authority 
            of this resolution shall, at the request of the chairman of 
            the Select Committee on Intelligence, omit any matter which 
            would identify the foreign countries in which Members and 
            employees of the Select Committee traveled on behalf of the 
            Select Committee.
                Sec. 3. Payment of transportation costs and ordinary and 
            necessary travel expenses may not be paid under this 
            resolution to the extent that appropriated funds or foreign 
            currencies under section 502(b) of the Mutual Security Act 
            of 1954 are utilized to defray such costs and expenses. Such 
            funds and currencies shall be used to the maximum extent 
            possible.
                Sec. 4. For purposes of this resolution--
                        (1) The term ``foreign travel'' means travel 
                    outside the United States and includes travel within 
                    the United States which is the beginning or end of 
                    travel outside the United States.
                        (2) The term ``authorized foreign travel'' means 
                    foreign travel on official business on behalf of the 
                    Senate or a committee of the Senate which is 
                    authorized--
                                (A) in the case of foreign travel on 
                            behalf of the Senate, by the President pro 
                            tempore, Majority Leader, or Minority Leader 
                            of the Senate; and
                                (B) in the case of foreign travel on 
                            behalf of a committee of the Senate, by the 
                            chairman of that committee.
                        (3) The term ``committee of the Senate'' 
                    includes all standing, select, and special 
                    committees of the Senate and all joint committees of 
                    the Congress whose funds are disbursed by the 
                    Secretary of the Senate.
                        (4) The term ``employee of the Senate'' includes 
                    an individual (other than a Member) whose salary is 
                    disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate or who is 
                    treated as an employee of the Senate for purposes of 
                    the Senate Code of Official Conduct.
                        (5) The term ``ordinary and necessary travel 
                    expenses'' includes, in the case of a group of 
                    Members engaged in authorized foreign travel, such 
                    special expenses as the chairman (or, if there is no 
                    chairman, the ranking Member) deems appropriate, 
                    including, to the extent not otherwise provided, 
                    reimbursements to any agency of the Government for 
                    (A) expenses incurred on behalf of the group, (B) 
                    compensation (in

[[Page 180]]

                    cluding overtime) of employees of such agency 
                    officially detailed to the group, and (C) expenses 
                    incurred in connection with providing appropriate 
                    hospitality.

                                      [S. Res. 179, 95-1, May 25, 1977.]

       109   DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED FOR REIMBURSEMENTS OUT OF SENATORS' 
                          OFFICIAL OFFICE EXPENSE ACCOUNTS

                Resolved, That (a) no payments or reimbursements for 
            expenses shall be made from the contingent fund of the 
            Senate, unless the vouchers presented for such expenses are 
            accompanied by supporting documentation.
                (b) The Committee on Rules and Administration is 
            authorized to promulgate regulations to carry out the 
            purpose of this resolution and to except specific vouchers 
            from the requirements of subsection (a) of this resolution.
                (c) This resolution shall apply with respect to vouchers 
            submitted for payment or reimbursement on and after October 
            1, 1987, or upon the adoption of this resolution if such 
            adoption occurs at a later date.
                (d) Senate Resolution 170, 96th Congress (agreed to 
            August 2, 1979), is repealed as of October 1, 1987, or upon 
            adoption of this resolution if such adoption occurs at a 
            later date. Any regulations adopted by the Committee on 
            Rules and Administration to implement Senate Resolution 170 
            shall remain in effect, after the repeal of Senate 
            Resolution 170, until modified or repealed by such 
            committee, and shall be held and considered to be 
            regulations adopted to implement this resolution.

            [S. Res. 258, 100-1, Oct. 1, 1987.]

       110  
            restrictions on certain expenses payable or reimbursable 
                from a senator's official office expense account

                Resolved, That except for section 3, this resolution 
            applies only to payments and reimbursements from the 
            contingent fund of the Senate under paragraphs (5) and (9) 
            of section 506(a) of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 
            1973 (2 U.S.C. 58(a)). For purposes of such paragraphs, the 
            terms ``official office expenses'' and ``other official 
            expenses'' mean ordinary and necessary business expenses 
            incurred by a Senator and his staff in the discharge of 
            their official duties.
                Sec. 2. Reimbursements and payments from the contingent 
            fund of the Senate under paragraphs (5) and (9) of

[[Page 181]]

            section 506(a) of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1973 
            (2 U.S.C. 58(a)) shall not be made for:
                        (1) commuting expenses, including parking fees 
                    incurred in commuting;
                        (2) expenses incurred for the purchase of 
                    holiday greeting cards, flowers, trophies, awards, 
                    and certificates;
                        (3) donations or gifts of any type, except gifts 
                    of flags which have been flown over the United 
                    States Capitol, copies of the book ``We, the 
                    People'', copies of the calendar ``We The People'' 
                    published by the United States Capitol Historical 
                    Society, and copies of the pocket version of the 
                    Constitution of the United States published by the 
                    Government Publishing Office.
                        (4) dues or assessments;
                        (5) expenses incurred for the purchases of radio 
                    or television time, or for space in newspaper or 
                    other print media (except classified advertising for 
                    personnel to be employed in a Senator's office);
                        (6) expenses incurred by an individual who is 
                    not an employee (except as specifically authorized 
                    by subsections (e) and (h) of such section 506);
                        (7) travel expenses incurred by an employee 
                    which are not reimbursable under subsection (e) of 
                    such section 506;
                        (8) relocation expenses incurred by an employee 
                    in connection with the commencement or termination 
                    of employment or a change of duty station; and
                        (9) compensation paid to an individual for 
                    personal services performed in a normal employer-
                    employee relationship.
                Sec. 3. Payment of or reimbursement for the following 
            expenses is specifically prohibited by law and 
            reimbursements and payments from the contingent fund of the 
            Senate shall not be made therefor:
                        (1) expenses incurred for entertainment or meals 
                    (2 U.S.C. 58(a));
                        (2) payment of additional salary or compensation 
                    to an employee (2 U.S.C. 68); and
                        (3) expenses incurred for maintenance or care of 
                    private vehicles (Legislative Branch Appropriation 
                    Acts).

[[Page 182]]

                Sec. 4. This resolution shall apply with respect to 
            expenses incurred on or after the date on which this 
            resolution is agreed to.

             [S. Res. 294, 96-2, Apr. 29, 1980, as amended S. Res. 712, 
              115-2, Nov. 29, 2018; S. Res. 176, 104-1, Sept. 28, 1995.]

       111                         DEBT COLLECTION

                Resolved, That, for purposes of subchapters I and II of 
            chapter 37 of Title 31, United States Code (relating to 
            claims of or against the United States Government), the 
            United States Senate shall be considered to be a legislative 
            agency (as defined in section 3701(a)(4) of such title), and 
            the Secretary of the Senate shall be deemed to be the head 
            of such legislative agency.
                Sec. 2. Regulations prescribed by the Secretary pursuant 
            to section 3716 of Title 31, United States Code, shall not 
            become effective until they are approved by the Senate 
            Committee on Rules and Administration.

                                    [S. Res. 147, 101-1, June 20, 1989.]

       112                     TORT CLAIMS PROCEDURES

                Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, in 
            accordance with regulations prescribed by the Attorney 
            General and such regulations as the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration may prescribe, may consider and ascertain 
            and, with the approval of the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration, determine, compromise, adjust, and settle, 
            in accordance with the provisions of chapter 171 of Title 
            28, United States Code, any claim for money damages against 
            the United States for injury of loss of property or personal 
            injury or death caused by the negligent or wrongful act or 
            omission of any Member, officer, or employee of the Senate 
            while acting within the scope of his office or employment, 
            under circumstances where the United States, if a private 
            person, would be liable to the claimant in accordance with 
            the law of the place where the act or omission occurred. The 
            Committee on Rules and Administration may, from time to 
            time, delegate any or all of its authority under this 
            resolution to the chairman. Any compromise, adjustment, or 
            settlement of any such claim not exceeding $2,500 shall be 
            paid from the contingent fund of the Senate on a voucher 
            approved by the chairman of the Committee on Rules and 
            Administration.

[[Page 183]]

                Sec. 2. The Committee on Rules and Administration is 
            authorized to issue such regulations as it may determine 
            necessary to carry out the provisions of this resolution.

                                     [S. Res. 492, 97-2, Dec. 10, 1982.]

       113              REIMBURSEMENT OF WITNESS EXPENSES\24\

                Resolved, That witnesses appearing before the Senate or 
            any of its committees may be authorized reimbursement for 
            per diem expenses incurred for each day while traveling to 
            and from the place of examination and for each day in 
            attendance. Such reimbursement shall be made on an actual 
            expense basis which shall not exceed the daily rate 
            prescribed by the Committee on Rules and Administration, 
            unless such limitation is specifically waived by such 
            committee. A witness may also be authorized reimbursement of 
            the actual and necessary transportation expenses incurred by 
            the witness in traveling to and from the place of 
            examination.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \24\The Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1961 (July 
            12, 1960, Pub. L. 86-628, 74 Stat. 449), contained the 
            following restriction on advances of witness fees:
                ``No part of any appropriation disbursed by the 
            Secretary of the Senate shall be available hereafter for the 
            payment to any person, at the time of the service upon him 
            of a subpoena requiring his attendance at any inquiry or 
            hearing conducted by any committee of the Congress or of the 
            Senate or any subcommittee of any such committee, of any 
            witness fee or any sum of money as an advance payment of any 
            travel or subsistence expense which may be incurred by such 
            person in responding to that subpoena.''

                Sec. 2. (a) The provisions of this resolution shall be 
            effective with respect to all witness expenses incurred on 
            or after October 1, 1987.
                (b) Senate Resolution 538, agreed to December 8, 1980, 
            is repealed effective on October 1, 1987.

                                     [S. Res. 259, 100-1, Aug. 5, 1987.]

       114  AUTHORIZING THE SENATE TO PARTICIPATE IN GOVERNMENT TRANSIT 
                                      PROGRAMS

                Resolved, That (a) the Senate shall participate in State 
            and local government transit programs to encourage employees 
            of the Senate to use public transportation pursuant to 
            section 629 of the Treasury, Postal Service and General 
            Government Appropriations Act, 1991.
            (b) The Committee on Rules and Administration is authorized 
            to issue regulations pertaining to Senate participation in 
            State and local government transit programs through,

[[Page 184]]

            and at the discretion of, its Members, committees, officers, 
            and officials.

                                    [S. Res. 318, 102-2, June 23, 1992.]

       115   RELATIVE TO CONTRIBUTIONS FOR COSTS OF CIVIL, CRIMINAL, OR 
                OTHER LEGAL INVESTIGATIONS OF MEMBERS, OFFICERS, OR 
                               EMPLOYEES OF THE SENATE

                Resolved, That nothing in the provisions of the Standing 
            Rules of the Senate shall be construed to limit 
            contributions to defray investigative, civil, criminal, or 
            other legal expenses of Members, officers, or employees of 
            the Senate relating to their service in the United States 
            Senate, subject to limitations, regulations, procedures, and 
            reporting requirements which shall be promulgated by the 
            Select Committee on Ethics. Nothing in the provisions of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate shall be construed to limit 
            contributions to defray the legal expenses of the spouses or 
            dependents of Members, officers, or employees of the Senate.

            [S. Res. 508, 96-2, Sept. 4, 1980.]

       116    CLARIFYING RULES REGARDING ACCEPTANCE OF PRO BONO LEGAL 
                                SERVICES BY SENATORS

                Resolved, That (a) notwithstanding the provisions of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate or Senate Resolution 508, 
            adopted by the Senate on September 4, 1980, or Senate 
            Resolution 321, adopted by the Senate on October 3, 1996, 
            pro bono legal services provided to a Member of the Senate 
            with respect to any civil action challenging the 
            constitutionality of a Federal statute that expressly 
            authorizes a Member either to file an action or to intervene 
            in an action--
                        (1) shall not be deemed a gift to the Member;
                        (2) shall not be deemed to be a contribution to 
                    the office account of the Member;
                        (3) shall not require the establishment of a 
                    legal expense trust fund; and
                        (4) shall be governed by the Select Committee on 
                    Ethics Regulations Regarding Disclosure of Pro Bono 
                    Legal Services, adopted February 13, 1997, or any 
                    revision thereto.
                (b) This resolution shall supersede Senate Resolution 
            321, adopted by the Senate on October 3, 1996.

                                    [S. Res. 227, 107-2, Mar. 20, 2002.]

[[Page 185]]


       117  STANDARDS OF CONDUCT FOR MEMBERS OF THE SENATE AND OFFICERS 
                             AND EMPLOYEES OF THE SENATE

                Resolved, It is declared to be the policy of the Senate 
            that--
                (a) The ideal concept of public office, expressed by the 
            words, ``A public office is a public trust'', signifies that 
            the officer has been entrusted with public power by the 
            people; that the officer holds this power in trust to be 
            used only for their benefit and never for the benefit of 
            himself or of a few; and that the officer must never conduct 
            his own affairs so as to infringe on the public interest. 
            All official conduct of Members of the Senate should be 
            guided by this paramount concept of public office.
                (b) These rules, as the written expression of certain 
            standards of conduct, complement the body of unwritten but 
            generally accepted standards that continue to apply to the 
            Senate.

                                     * * * * * *

                                    [S. Jour. 247, 90-2, Mar. 22, 1968.]

       118                       SEAL OF THE SENATE

                Resolved, That the Secretary shall have the custody of 
            the seal, and shall use the same for the authentication of 
            process transcripts, copies, and certificates whenever 
            directed by the Senate; and may use the same to authenticate 
            copies of such papers and documents in his office as he may 
            lawfully give copies of.

            [S. Jour. 194, 49-1, Jan. 20, 1886.]

       119                      OFFICIAL SENATE FLAG

                Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate is authorized 
            and directed to design an official Senate flag utilizing the 
            seal of the Senate as the principal symbol on such flag. 
            Expenses incident to the designing and procurement of such 
            flag shall be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate 
            upon vouchers signed by the Secretary of the Senate.
                Sec. 2. The Senate flag shall be available for purchase 
            and use by Senators, or former Senators, only subject to the 
            following conditions--
                        (1) purchase of the flag shall be limited to--
                                (A) two flags for each Senator, or 
                            former Senator, subject to replacement for 
                            loss, destruction, or wear and tear;

[[Page 186]]

                                (B) two flags for each Senate committee, 
                            as determined by the chairman and ranking 
                            member, subject to replacement for loss, 
                            destruction, or wear and tear; and
                                (C) two flags for each officer of the 
                            Senate, subject to replacement for loss, 
                            destruction, or wear and tear; and
                        (2) the flag shall not be utilized or displayed 
                    for commercial purposes.
            Senators who leave the Senate may retain their flags subject 
            to the preceding restrictions.

            [S. Res. 369, 98-2, Sept. 7, 1984; S. Res. 135, 101-1, June 
                2, 1989.]

       120                SEAL OF THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

                Resolved, That the President pro tempore of the Senate 
            is authorized to adopt and use an official seal of his 
            office.
                Sec. 2. Expenses incident to the designing and 
            procurement of such seal shall be paid from the contingent 
            fund of the Senate upon vouchers signed by the President pro 
            tempore of the Senate.
                Sec. 3. A description and illustration of the seal 
            adopted pursuant to this resolution shall be transmitted to 
            the General Services Administration for publication in the 
            Federal Register.

            [S. Jour. 686, 83-2, Aug. 14, 1954.]

       121                 MARBLE BUSTS OF VICE PRESIDENTS

                Resolved, That marble busts of those who have been Vice 
            Presidents of the United States shall be placed in the 
            Senate wing of the Capitol from time to time, that the 
            Architect of the Capitol is authorized, subject to the 
            advice and approval of the Senate committee on Rules and 
            Administration, to carry into the execution the object of 
            this resolution, and the expenses incurred in doing so shall 
            be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate.

             [S. Jour. 40, 55-2, Jan. 6, 1898; S. Jour. 173, 80-1, Mar. 
                                                              28, 1947.]

       122                AWARD OF SERVICE PINS OR EMBLEMS

                Resolved, That the Committee on Rules and Administration 
            is hereby authorized to provide for the awarding of service 
            pins or emblems to Members, officers, and employees of the 
            Senate, and to promulgate regulations governing the awarding 
            of such pins or emblems. Such pins or emblems shall be of a 
            type appropriate to be attached to the lapel of the wearer, 
            shall be of such appropriate material

[[Page 187]]

            and design, and shall contain such characters, symbols, or 
            other matter, as the committee shall select.
                Sec. 2. The Secretary of the Senate, under direction of 
            the committee and in accordance with regulations promulgated 
            by the committee, shall procure such pins or emblems and 
            award them to Members, officers, and employees of the Senate 
            who are entitled thereto.
                Sec. 3. The expenses incurred in procuring such pins or 
            emblems shall be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate 
            on vouchers signed by the chairman of the committee.

            [S. Jour. 45, 89-1, Sept. 10, 1965.]

       123  
            designating the old senate office building and the new 
                senate office building as the ``richard brevard russell 
                senate office building'' and the ``everett mckinley 
                dirksen senate office building'', respectively

                Resolved, That insofar as concerns the Senate--
                        (1) the Senate Office building referred to as 
                    the Old Senate Office Building and constructed under 
                    authority of the Act of April 28, 1904 (33 Stat. 
                    452, 481), is designated, and shall be known as, the 
                    ``Richard Brevard Russell Senate Office Building''; 
                    and
                        (2) the additional office building for the 
                    Senate referred to as the New Senate Office Building 
                    and constructed under the provisions of the Second 
                    Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1948 (62 Stat. 
                    1928), is designated, and shall be known as, the 
                    ``Everett McKinley Dirksen Senate Office Building''.
                Sec. 2. Any rule, regulation, document, or record of the 
            Senate, in which reference is made to either building 
            referred to in the first section of this resolution, shall 
            be held and considered to be a reference to such building by 
            the name designated for such building by the first section 
            of this resolution.
                Sec. 3. The Committee on Rules and Administration shall 
            place appropriate markers or inscriptions at suitable 
            locations within the buildings referred to in the first 
            section of this resolution to commemorate and designate such 
            buildings as provided in this resolution. Expenses incurred 
            under this resolution shall be paid from the contingent fund 
            of the Senate upon vouchers approved by the chairman of the 
            committee.

            [S. Jour. 1197, 92-2, Oct. 11, 1972; S. Res. 295, 96-1, Dec. 
                                                               3, 1979.]

[[Page 188]]



       124  
            designating the extension to the dirksen senate office 
                building as the ``philip a. hart senate office 
                building''

                Resolved, That insofar as concerns the Senate, the 
            extension of the Senate Office Building presently under 
            construction pursuant to the Supplemental Appropriations 
            Act, 1973 (86 Stat. 1510), is designated and shall be known 
            as the ``Philip A. Hart Senate Office Building'', when 
            completed.
                Sec. 2. Any rule, regulation, document, or record of the 
            Senate, in which reference is made to the building referred 
            to in the first section of this resolution, shall be held 
            and considered to be a reference to such building by the 
            name designated for such building by the first section of 
            this resolution.
                Sec. 3. The Committee on Rules and Administration shall 
            place appropriate markers or inscriptions at suitable 
            locations within the building referred to in the first 
            section of this resolution to commemorate and designate such 
            building as provided in this resolution. Expenses incurred 
            under this resolution shall be paid from the contingent fund 
            of the Senate upon vouchers approved by the chairman of the 
            committee.

             [S. Res. 525, 94-2, Aug. 30, 1976; S. Res. 295, 96-1, Dec. 
                                                               3, 1979.]

       125   DESIGNATING ROOM S-126 OF THE UNITED STATES CAPITOL AS THE 
              ``SENATOR DANIEL K. INOUYE ROOM'' IN RECOGNITION OF HIS 
              SERVICE TO THE SENATE AND THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES

            Whereas Senator Daniel K. Inouye served the people of Hawaii 
                for more than 58 years as a member of the Territorial 
                House of Representatives, the Territorial Senate, the 
                United States House of Representatives, and the United 
                States Senate;
            Whereas Senator Daniel K. Inouye became the first Japanese 
                American to serve in both the United States House of 
                Representatives and the United States Senate;
            Whereas Senator Daniel K. Inouye represented Hawaii in 
                Congress from before the time that Hawaii became a State 
                in 1959 until 2012;
            Whereas, during his tenure in the Senate, Senator Daniel K. 
                Inouye served as the President pro tempore, the Chairman 
                of the Committee on Appropriations, the Chairman of the 
                Subcommittee on Defense of the Com

[[Page 189]]

                mittee on, the first Chairman of the Select Committee on 
                Intelligence, the Chairman of the Committee on Indian 
                Affairs, the Chairman of the Democratic Steering 
                Committee, the Chairman of the Committee on Commerce, 
                Science, and Transportation, the Chairman of the 
                Committee on Rules and Administration, the Chairman of 
                the Select Committee on Secret Military Assistance to 
                Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition, and the Secretary of 
                the Democratic Conference;
            Whereas Senator Daniel K. Inouye enlisted in the Army after 
                the attacks on Pearl Harbor in 1941 and fought 
                heroically in the Italian theater even after being 
                wounded; and
            Whereas Senator Daniel K. Inouye received a Distinguished 
                Service Cross, a Bronze Star, a Purple Heart with 
                cluster, and 12 other medals and citations before 
                receiving the Medal of Honor from President William J. 
                Clinton in June 2000: Now, therefore, be it
                Resolved, That the Senate designates room S-126 of the 
            United States Capitol as the ``Senator Daniel K. Inouye 
            Room'', in recognition of his service to the Senate and the 
            people of the United States.

                                     [S. Res. 76, 113-1, Mar. 13, 2013.]

       126  PROHIBITION ON THE REMOVAL OF ART AND HISTORIC OBJECTS FROM 
             THE SENATE WING OF THE CAPITOL AND SENATE OFFICE BUILDINGS 
                                  FOR PERSONAL USE

                Resolved, That (a) a Member of the Senate or any other 
            person may not remove a work of art, historical object, or 
            an exhibit from the Senate wing of the Capitol or any Senate 
            office building for personal use.
                (b) For purposes of this resolution, the term ``work of 
            art, historical object, or an exhibit'' means an item, 
            including furniture, identified on the list (and any 
            supplement to the list) required by section 4 of Senate 
            Resolution 382, 90th Congress, as enacted into law by 
            section 901(a) of Public Law 100-696 (2 U.S.C. 2104).
                (c) For purposes of this resolution, the Senate 
            Commission on Art shall update the list required by section 
            4 of Senate Resolution 382, 90th Congress (2 U.S.C. 2104) 
            every 6 months after the date of adoption of this resolution 
            and shall provide a copy of the updated list to the 
            Committee on Rules and Administration.

                                    [S. Res. 178, 108-1, June 27, 2003.]

[[Page 190]]



       127     COMMISSION ON ART AND ANTIQUITIES OF THE UNITED STATES 
                                     SENATE \25\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                \25\ Became Senate Commission on Art, and enacted into 
            permanent law by Pub. L. 100-696, Nov. 18, 1988. See 2 
            U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2101-2108.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                       [Pub. L. 100-696, Nov. 18, 1988.]

       128     INTERPARLIAMENTARY ACTIVITIES AND RECEPTION OF CERTAIN 
                                  FOREIGN OFFICIALS

                Resolved, That the Committee on Foreign Relations is 
            authorized from March 1, 1981, until otherwise provided by 
            law, to expend not to exceed $25,000 each fiscal year to 
            assist the Senate properly to discharge and coordinate its 
            activities and responsibilities in connection with 
            participation in various interparliamentary institutions and 
            to facilitate the interchange and reception in the United 
            States of members of foreign legislative bodies and 
            prominent officials of foreign governments and 
            intergovernmental organizations.
                Sec. 2. The Secretary of the Senate is authorized and 
            directed to pay from the contingent fund of the Senate the 
            actual and necessary expenses incurred in connection with 
            activities authorized by this resolution and approved in 
            advance by the chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
            Relations upon vouchers certified by the Senator incurring 
            such expenses and approved by the chairman.

            [S. Res. 247, 87-2, Feb. 7, 1962; S. Res. 91, 94-1, Mar. 18, 
                                1975; S. Res. 281, 96-2, Mar. 11, 1980.]

       129   AUTHORIZING THE DISPLAY OF THE SENATE LEADERSHIP PORTRAIT 
                           COLLECTION IN THE SENATE LOBBY

                Resolved, That (a) portraits in the Senate Leadership 
            Portrait Collection may be displayed in the Senate Lobby at 
            the direction of the Senate Commission on Art in accordance 
            with guidelines prescribed pursuant to subsection (d).
                (b) The Senate Leadership Portrait Collection shall 
            consist of portraits selected by the Senate Commission on 
            Art of Majority or Minority Leaders and Presidents pro 
            tempore of the Senate.
                (c) Any portrait for the Senate Leadership Portrait 
            Collection that is acquired on or after the date of adoption 
            of this resolution shall be of an appropriate size for 
            display in the Senate Lobby, as determined by the Senate 
            Commission on Art.
                (d) The Senate Commission on Art shall prescribe such 
            guidelines as it deems necessary, subject to the approval

[[Page 191]]

            of the Committee on Rules and Administration, to carry out 
            this resolution.

                                     [S. Res. 148, 109-1, May 18, 2005.]

       130  ESTABLISHING A PROCEDURE FOR AFFIXING AND REMOVING PERMANENT 
            ARTWORK AND SEMI-PERMANENT ARTWORK IN THE SENATE WING OF THE 
                     CAPITOL AND IN THE SENATE OFFICE BUILDINGS

                Resolved,  No permanent artwork or semi-permanent 
            artwork may be affixed to or removed from the walls, floors, 
            or ceilings of the public spaces and committee rooms of the 
            Senate wing of the Capitol and the Senate office buildings 
            unless--
                        (1) the Senate Commission on Art--
                                (A) has recommended the affixation or 
                            removal; and
                                (B) in the case of an affixation of 
                            permanent artwork or semi-permanent 
                            artwork--
                                  (i) has recommended an appropriate 
                            location for the affixation; and
                                  (ii) has determined that--
                                    (I) not less than 25 years have 
                            passed since the death of any subject in a 
                            portrait included in the permanent artwork 
                            or semi-permanent artwork; and
                                    (II) not less than 25 years have 
                            passed since the commemorative event that is 
                            to be portrayed in the permanent artwork or 
                            semi-permanent artwork; and
                        (2) the Senate has passed a Senate resolution 
                    approving the recommendation of the Senate 
                    Commission on Art.
                Sec. 2. Sense of the Senate.
                It is the sense of the Senate that prior to making a 
            recommendation to affix any permanent artwork or semi-
            permanent artwork to the walls, floors, or ceilings of the 
            public spaces and committee rooms of the Senate wing of the 
            Capitol and the Senate office buildings, the Senate 
            Commission on Art should consider, at a minimum, the 
            following:
                        (1) The significance of the original, intended, 
                    or existing permanent artwork or semi-permanent 
                    artwork in the installation space proposed for the 
                    additional permanent artwork or semi-permanent 
                    artwork.
                        (2) The existing conditions of the surface of 
                    the proposed installation space.

[[Page 192]]

                        (3) The last time fixed art was added to the 
                    proposed installation space.
                        (4) The amount of area available for the 
                    installation of permanent artwork or semi-permanent 
                    artwork in the proposed installation space.
                        (5) The opinion of the Curatorial Advisory Board 
                    on such affixation.
                Sec. 3. Creation of artwork.
                If a request to affix permanent artwork or semi-
            permanent artwork to the walls, floors, or ceilings of the 
            public spaces and committee rooms of the Senate wing of the 
            Capitol and the Senate office buildings meets the 
            requirements of section 1, the Senate Commission on Art 
            shall select the artist and shall supervise and direct the 
            creation of the artwork and the application of the artwork 
            to the selected surface.
                Sec. 4. Definitions.
                In this resolution--
                (1) permanent artwork.--The term ``permanent artwork'' 
            means artwork that when applied directly to a wall, ceiling, 
            or floor has become part of the fabric of the building, 
            based on a consideration of relevant factors including--
                        (A) the original intent when the artwork was 
                    applied;
                        (B) the method of application;
                        (C) the adaptation or essentialness of the 
                    artwork to the building; and
                        (D) whether the removal of the artwork would 
                    cause damage to either the artwork or the surface 
                    that contains it.
                (2) semi-permanent artwork.--The term ``semi-permanent 
            artwork'' means artwork that when applied directly to the 
            surface of a wall, ceiling, or floor can be removed without 
            damaging the artwork or the surface to which the artwork is 
            applied.

                                     [S. Res. 629, 109-2, Dec. 7, 2006.]

       131    PUBLIC ACCESS TO SENATE RECORDS AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES

                Resolved, That any records of the Senate or any 
            committee of the Senate which are transferred to the General 
            Services Administration under rule XI of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate and section 2114 of Title 44, United

[[Page 193]]

            States Code, and which have been made public prior to their 
            transfer may be made available for public use.
                Sec. 2. (a) Subject to such rules or regulations as the 
            Secretary of the Senate may prescribe, any other records of 
            the Senate or any committee of the Senate which are so 
            transferred may be made available for public use--
                        (1) in the case of investigative files relating 
                    to individuals and containing personal data, 
                    personnel records, and records of executive 
                    nominations, when such files and records have been 
                    in existence for fifty years; and
                        (2) in the case of all other such records, when 
                    such records have been in existence for twenty 
                    years.
                (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a), 
            any committee of the Senate may, by action of the full 
            committee, prescribe a different time when any of its 
            records may be made available for public use, under specific 
            conditions to be fixed by such committee, by giving notice 
            thereof to the Secretary of the Senate and the Administrator 
            of General Services.
                Sec. 3. (a) This resolution shall not be construed to 
            authorize the public disclosure of any record pursuant to 
            section 2 if such disclosure is prohibited by law or 
            Executive order of the President.
                (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2, the 
            Secretary of the Senate may prohibit or restrict the public 
            disclosure of any record so transferred, other than any 
            record of a Senate committee, if he determines that public 
            disclosure of such record would not be in the public 
            interest and so notifies the Administrator of General 
            Services.
                Sec. 4. The Secretary of the Senate shall transmit a 
            copy of this resolution to the Administrator of General 
            Services.

                                      [S. Res. 474, 96-2, Dec. 1, 1980.]

       132              PRINTING IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

                Resolved, That hereafter no written or printed matter 
            shall be received for printing in the body of the 
            Congressional Record as a part of the remarks of any Senator 
            unless such matter (1) shall have been read orally by such 
            Senator on the floor of the Senate, or (2) shall have been 
            offered and received for printing in such manner as to 
            indicate clearly that the contents thereof were not read 
            orally by such Senator on the floor of the Senate. All such 
            matter shall be printed in the Record in accordance with the 
            rules prescribed by the Joint Committee on Printing. No 
            request

[[Page 194]]

            shall be entertained by the Presiding Officer to suspend by 
            unanimous consent the requirements of this resolution.

                                    [S. Jour. 510, 80-1, July 23, 1947.]

       133                PRINTING OF THE EXECUTIVE JOURNAL

                Resolved, That, beginning with the first session, 
            Ninetieth Congress, the Secretary of the Senate is 
            authorized to have printed not more than one hundred and 
            fifty copies of the Executive Journal for a session of the 
            Congress.

                                    [S. Jour. 167, 90-1, Feb. 17, 1967.]

       134  PRINTING OF MEMORIAL TRIBUTES TO DECEASED FORMER MEMBERS OF 
                                     THE SENATE

                Resolved, That when the Senate orders the printing as a 
            Senate document of the legislative proceedings in the United 
            States Congress relating to the death of a former United 
            States Senator, such document shall be prepared, printed, 
            bound, and distributed, except to the extent otherwise 
            provided by the Joint Committee on Printing under chapter 1 
            of Title 44, United States Code, in the same manner and 
            under the same conditions as memorial addresses on behalf of 
            Members of Congress dying in office are printed under 
            sections 723 and 724 of such Title.

                                     [S. Jour. 293, 93-1, Apr. 6, 1973.]

       135                    OFFICE OF SENATE SECURITY

                Resolved, That (a) there is established, within the 
            Office of the Secretary of the Senate (hereinafter referred 
            to as the ``Secretary''), the Office of Senate Security 
            (hereinafter referred to as the ``Office''), which shall be 
            headed by a Director of Senate Security (hereinafter 
            referred to as the ``Director''). The Office shall be under 
            the policy direction of the Majority and Minority Leaders of 
            the Senate, and shall be under the administrative direction 
            and supervision of the Secretary.
                (b)(1) The Director shall be appointed by the Secretary 
            after consultation with the Majority and Minority Leaders. 
            The Secretary shall fix the compensation of the Director. 
            Any appointment under this subsection shall be made solely 
            on the basis of fitness to perform the duties of the 
            position and without regard to political affiliation.
                (2) The Director, with the approval of the Secretary, 
            and after consultation with the Chairman and Ranking Member 
            of the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, 
            may establish such policies and procedures as may be 
            necessary to carry out the provisions of this resolution.

[[Page 195]]

            Commencing one year from the effective date of this 
            resolution, the Director shall submit an annual report to 
            the Majority and Minority Leaders and the Chairman and 
            Ranking Member of the Committee on Rules and Administration 
            on the status of security matters and the handling of 
            classified information in the Senate, and the progress of 
            the Office in achieving the mandates of this resolution.
                Sec. 2. (a) The Secretary shall appoint and fix the 
            compensation of such personnel as may be necessary to carry 
            out the provisions of this resolution. The Director, with 
            the approval of the Secretary, shall prescribe the duties 
            and responsibilities of such personnel. If a Director is not 
            appointed, the Office shall be headed by an Acting Director. 
            The Secretary shall appoint and fix the compensation of the 
            Acting Director.
                (b) The Majority and Minority Leaders of the Senate may 
            each designate a Majority staff assistant and a Minority 
            staff assistant to serve as their liaisons to the Office. 
            Upon such designation, the Secretary shall appoint and fix 
            the compensation of the Majority and Minority liaison 
            assistants.
                Sec. 3. (a) The Office is authorized, and shall have the 
            responsibility, to develop, establish, and carry out 
            policies and procedures with respect to such matters as:
                        (1) the receipt, control, transmission, storage, 
                    destruction or other handling of classified 
                    information addressed to the United States Senate, 
                    the President of the Senate, or Members and 
                    employees of the Senate;
                        (2) the processing of security clearance 
                    requests and renewals for officers and employees of 
                    the Senate;
                        (3) establishing and maintaining a current and 
                    centralized record of security clearances held by 
                    officers and employees of the Senate, and developing 
                    recommendations for reducing the number of 
                    clearances held by such employees;
                        (4) consulting and presenting briefings on 
                    security matters and the handling of classified 
                    information for the benefit of Members and employees 
                    of the Senate;
                        (5) maintaining an active liaison on behalf of 
                    the Senate, or any committee thereof, with all 
                    departments and agencies of the United States on 
                    security matters; and

[[Page 196]]

                        (6) conducting periodic review of the practices 
                    and procedures employed by all offices of the Senate 
                    for the handling of classified information.
                (b) Within 180 days after the Director takes office, he 
            shall develop, after consultation with the Secretary, a 
            Senate Security Manual, to be printed and distributed to all 
            Senate offices. The Senate Security Manual will prescribe 
            the policies and procedures of the Office, and set forth 
            regulations for all other Senate offices for the handling of 
            classified information. [Executed.]
                (c) Within 90 days after taking office, the Director 
            shall conduct a survey to determine the number of officers 
            and employees of the Senate that have security clearances 
            and report the findings of the survey to the Majority and 
            Minority Leaders and Secretary of the Senate together with 
            recommendations regarding the feasibility of reducing the 
            number of employees with such clearances.
                (d) The Office shall have authority--
                        (1) to provide appropriate facilities in the 
                    United States Capitol for hearings of committees of 
                    the Senate at which restricted data or other 
                    classified information is to be presented or 
                    discussed;
                        (2) to establish and operate a central 
                    repository in the United States Capitol for the 
                    safeguarding of classified information for which the 
                    Office is responsible; which shall include the 
                    classified records, transcripts, and materials of 
                    all closed sessions of the Senate; and
                        (3) to administer and maintain oaths of secrecy 
                    under paragraph (2) of rule XXIX of the Standing 
                    Rules of the Senate and to establish such procedures 
                    as may be necessary to implement the provisions of 
                    such paragraph.
                Sec. 4. Funds appropriated for the fiscal year 1987 
            which would be available to carry out the purposes of the 
            Interim Office of Senate Security but for the termination of 
            such Office shall be available for the Office of Senate 
            Security.
                Sec. 5. (a) All records, documents, data, materials, 
            rooms, and facilities in the custody of the Interim Office 
            of Senate Security at the time of its termination on July 
            10, 1987, are transferred to the Office established by 
            subsection (a) of the first section of this resolution.
                (b) This resolution shall take effect on July 11, 1987.

                                     [S. Res. 243, 100-1, July 1, 1987.]
                                     
                                     

[[Page 197]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
               UNITED STATES SENATE CHAMBER AND GALLERIES REGULATIONS

            ------------------------------------------------------------

              [Adopted by the Committee on Rules and Administration on 
              October 7, 2020, pursuant to rule XXXIII of the Standing 
                                Rules of the Senate]

     150.1      1.0  Scope--These regulations are applicable only to the 
            Senate Chamber and Galleries.

     150.2      2.0  Definitions--For purposes of these regulations, the 
            following terms have the meaning specified.
                        2.1  Cloakroom means the two spaces, one 
                    assigned to the majority party and one assigned to 
                    the minority party, adjacent to the Senate Chamber.
                        2.2  Galleries means the ten seating galleries 
                    located in the Senate Chamber.
                        2.3  Marble Room means the Senators meeting room 
                    adjacent to the Senate Lobby.
                        2.4  Senate Chamber means the space that 
                    encompasses the Senate Floor and Galleries.
                        2.5  Senate Floor means the floor of the Senate 
                    Chamber.
                        2.6  Senate Lobby means the hallway space 
                    adjoining the Senate Chamber to the Marble Room.
                        2.7  Sergeant at Arms means the Sergeant at Arms 
                    of the Senate.

     150.3      3.0  Sergeant At Arms Chamber And Galleries Duties--The 
            Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, under the direction of the 
            Presiding Officer, shall be the Executive Officer of the 
            body for the enforcement of all rules made by the Committee 
            on Rules and Administration for the regulation of the Senate 
            Chamber and Galleries.
                        3.1  The Senate Floor shall be at all times 
                    under the Sergeant at Arms' immediate supervision, 
                    and the Sergeant at Arms shall see that the various 
                    subordinate officers of the Office of the Sergeant 
                    at Arms perform the duties to which they are 
                    especially assigned.

[[Page 198]]

                        3.2  The Sergeant at Arms shall see that the 
                    messengers assigned to the doors upon the Senate 
                    Floor are at their posts and that the Senate Floor, 
                    Cloakrooms, and Senate Lobby are cleared at least 
                    five minutes before the opening of daily sessions of 
                    all persons not entitled to remain there.
                        3.3  In the absence of the Sergeant at Arms the 
                    duties of the office, so far as they pertain to the 
                    enforcement of the rules, shall devolve upon the 
                    Deputy Sergeant at Arms.

     150.4      4.0  Messengers Acting as Assistant Doorkeepers--The 
            messengers acting as Assistant Doorkeepers shall be assigned 
            to their duties by the Sergeant at Arms.

     150.5      5.0  Assignment of Majority and Minority Secretaries--
            The secretary for the majority and the secretary for the 
            minority shall be assigned, during the daily sessions of the 
            Senate, to duty upon the Senate Floor.

     150.6      6.0  Use of the Senate Chamber--When the Senate is not 
            sitting in session or otherwise using the Chamber for some 
            function of the Senate, no Senator shall seat any person or 
            persons in chairs of Senators other than the chair assigned, 
            no other persons shall seat anyone in a chair of a Senator; 
            and lectures, talks, or speeches shall not be given at such 
            times to groups on the Senate Floor by Senators or others 
            except for the purpose of explaining the Chamber.

     150.7      7.0  Use of the Marble Room--No persons shall be 
            admitted to the Marble Room except Senators.

     150.8      8.0  Use of the Cloakrooms--No persons shall be admitted 
            to the Cloakrooms except those entitled to the privileges of 
            the Senate Floor under the Rule XXIII of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate.

     150.9      9.0  Use of the Senate Lobby--No persons shall be 
            admitted to the Senate Lobby except those entitled to the 
            privileges of the Senate Floor under the Rule XXIII of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.

    150.10      10.0  Use of Display Materials in the Senate Chamber--
            Graphic displays in the Senate Chamber are limited to 
            charts, photographs, or renderings:
                        10.1  Size--No larger than 36 inches by 48 
                    inches.

[[Page 199]]

                        10.2  Where--On an easel stand next to the 
                    Senator's desk or at the rear of the Chamber.
                        10.3  When--Only at the time the Senator is 
                    engaged in debate.
                        10.4  Number--No more than two may be displayed 
                    at a time.

    150.11      11.0  Solicitation and Commercial Activities 
            Prohibited--No persons shall carry out any of the following 
            activities in the Senate Chamber and Galleries: offer or 
            expose any article for sale; display a sign, placard, or 
            other form of advertisement; or solicit fares, alms, 
            subscriptions, or contributions.

    150.12      12.0  Legislative Buzzers and Signal Lights--The system 
            of legislative buzzers and signal lights, which correspond 
            with rings if available, shall be as follows:
                        12.1  Pre-session signals:
                          12.1.1  One long ring at hour of convening.
                          12.1.2  One red light to remain lighted at all 
                    times while Senate is in actual session.
                        12.2  Session signals:
                          12.2.1  One ring-Yeas and nays.
                          12.2.2  Two rings-quorum call.
                          12.2.3  Three rings-Call of absentees.
                          12.2.4  Four rings-Adjournment or recess. (End 
                    of daily session.)
                          12.2.5  Five rings-Seven and a half minutes 
                    remaining on yea and nay vote.
                          12.2.6  Morning business concluded-Six rings. 
                    Lights cut off immediately.
                          12.2.7  Recess during daily session-Six rings. 
                    Lights stay on during period of recess.

    150.13      13.0  Taking of Pictures Prohibited; Use of Mechanical 
            Equipment in Chamber--
                        13.1  The taking of pictures of any kind is 
                    prohibited in the Senate Chamber, the Marble Room, 
                    the Senate Lobby, and the Senate Cloakrooms; 
                    however,
                        13.2  The Sergeant at Arms shall be authorized 
                    to admit into the spaces defined in 13.1 such 
                    mechanical equipment and/or devices which, in the 
                    judgment of the Sergeant at Arms, are necessary and 
                    proper in the conduct of official Senate business 
                    and which by their presence shall not in any way 
                    distract, interrupt, or inconvenience the business 
                    or Members of the Senate.


[[Page 200]]



    150.14      14.0  Galleries--The Sergeant at Arms shall keep the 
            aisles of the galleries clear, and shall not allow 
            admittance into the galleries of more than their seating 
            capacity. The Sergeant at Arms shall not permit any person 
            to enter a gallery with or carrying any firearms or 
            dangerous weapons except for law enforcement and other 
            personnel performing duties under the direction of the 
            Senate, or any package, bundle, suitcase, briefcase, or 
            camera; the Sergeant at Arms shall not permit any person in 
            any gallery to smoke, applaud, or commit any other type of 
            demonstration either by sound or sign; except in the press, 
            radio, television, and correspondents' galleries the 
            Sergeant at Arms shall not permit any person to read (except 
            the Senate seating diagram) or to write or take notes 
            (except credentialed employees of the Senate when taking 
            notes in the course of their employment); the Sergeant at 
            Arms shall not permit any person to take any picture or 
            photograph or to sketch or draw; the Sergeant at Arms shall 
            not permit any person to place any object whatsoever-
            including hats, coats, or other personal apparel-or portion 
            of a person on any railing, or any person to wear a hat, 
            except that where a person's religious beliefs require that 
            person wear a head-cover in such public places as the Senate 
            Gallery, then such head-cover shall be permitted; and the 
            Sergeant at Arms shall not allow any person to lean forward 
            over the railings or to place hands thereon.
                        14.1  The galleries of the Senate shall be set 
                    apart and occupied as follows:
                          14.1.1  Gallery 1--the gallery above the 
                    northeastern corner of the Senate Chamber, commonly 
                    referred to as the Staff Gallery, is reserved for 
                    the use of credentialed employees of the Senate.
                          14.1.2  Gallery 2--the gallery above the 
                    eastern entrance to the Senate Chamber, commonly 
                    referred to as the Family Gallery, is reserved for 
                    the exclusive use of the families of Senators, 
                    former Presidents of the United States, and 
                    incumbent Secretary and Sergeant at Arms of the 
                    Senate.
                            14.1.2.1  The first two rows of the gallery 
                    are reserved for the spouses and other members of 
                    the immediate families of Senators.
                            14.1.2.2  The remainder of the gallery is 
                    reserved for the families of Senators and guests 
                    visiting their families who shall be designated by 
                    some member of the Senator's family, and for the 
                    families of

[[Page 201]]

                    former Presidents of the United States, as well as 
                    families of incumbent Secretary and Sergeant at Arms 
                    of the Senate.
                          14.1.3  Gallery 3--the gallery over the 
                    southeastern corner of the Senate Chamber, commonly 
                    referred to as a Public Gallery, is reserved for the 
                    use of persons holding a card issued by a Senator.
                            14.1.3.1  The period to which such card of 
                    admission shall be limited rests entirely in the 
                    discretion of the Senator issuing it, except that 
                    such cards shall expire at the end of each session 
                    and cards of a different color shall be furnished by 
                    the Sergeant at Arms for the following session.
                            14.1.3.2  The Sergeant at Arms shall in the 
                    Sergeant at Arms' discretion limit occupancy of the 
                    public galleries to such periods as may be required 
                    to accommodate with reasonable expediency all card 
                    bearers who are seeking admission.
                          14.1.4  Gallery 4--the gallery between Gallery 
                    3 and Gallery 5 on the south side of the Senate 
                    Chamber, commonly referred to as the 
                    Representatives' Gallery, is reserved for the use of 
                    Members of Congress of the House of Representatives 
                    and their guests.
                          14.1.5  Gallery 5--the gallery over the 
                    southern main entrance to the Senate Chamber, 
                    commonly referred to as the Presidential and 
                    Diplomatic Gallery, is reserved for the use of the 
                    Diplomatic Corps, and no person shall be admitted to 
                    it excepting the Secretary of State, foreign 
                    ministers, their families and Senators.
                            14.1.5.1  The first row on the eastern side 
                    of this gallery shall be set apart for the use of 
                    the President of the United States.
                            14.1.5.2  The second row on the eastern side 
                    of this gallery shall be set apart for the use of 
                    the Vice President of the United States.
                            14.1.5.3  The third row on the eastern side 
                    of this gallery shall be set apart for the use of 
                    the President pro tempore of the Senate.
                          14.1.6  Gallery 6--the gallery between Gallery 
                    5 and Gallery 7 on the south side of the Senate 
                    Chamber, commonly referred to as a Public Gallery, 
                    is reserved for the use of large guided tours and 
                    other special parties.

[[Page 202]]

                          14.1.7  Gallery 7--the gallery over the 
                    southwest corner of the Senate Chamber, commonly 
                    referred to as the Accessible Gallery, is reserved 
                    for the use of any guest, especially those who wish 
                    to avoid stairs, and those who would like to view 
                    closed captioning television, or use an assisted 
                    listening device.
                          14.1.8  Gallery 8--the gallery over the west 
                    entrance to the Senate Chamber, commonly referred to 
                    as a Public Gallery, is reserved for the use of 
                    persons holding a card issued by a Senator.
                            14.1.8.1  The period to which such card of 
                    admission shall be limited rests entirely in the 
                    discretion of the Senator issuing it, except that 
                    such cards shall expire at the end of each session 
                    and cards of a different color shall be furnished by 
                    the Sergeant at Arms for the following session.
                            14.1.8.2  The Sergeant at Arms shall in the 
                    Sergeant at Arms' discretion limit occupancy of the 
                    public galleries to such periods as may be required 
                    to accommodate with reasonable expediency all card 
                    bearers who are seeking admission.
                        14.1.9  Gallery 9--the gallery over the 
                    northwest corner of the Senate Chamber, commonly 
                    referred to as a Public Gallery, is reserved for the 
                    use of persons holding a card issued by a Senator.
                            14.1.9.1  The period to which such card of 
                    admission shall be limited rests entirely in the 
                    discretion of the Senator issuing it, except that 
                    such cards shall expire at the end of each session 
                    and cards of a different color shall be furnished by 
                    the Sergeant at Arms for the following session.
                            14.1.9.2  The Sergeant at Arms shall in the 
                    Sergeant at Arms' discretion limit occupancy of the 
                    public galleries to such periods as may be required 
                    to accommodate with reasonable expediency all card 
                    bearers who are seeking admission.
                          14.1.10  Gallery 10--the gallery above the 
                    Senate Floor dais on the north side of the Senate 
                    Chamber including the front row of Gallery 1 and the 
                    front row of Gallery 9, commonly referred to as the 
                    Media Gallery, is reserved for the exclusive use of 
                    the Press Gallery, Radio and Television 
                    Correspondents Gallery, Periodical Press Gallery, 
                    and Press Photographers' Gallery.


[[Page 203]]


    150.15      15.0  Use of the Media Gallery--Gallery 10, the Media 
            Gallery shall be further set apart and occupied as follows:
                        15.1  Press Gallery--The gallery in the rear of 
                    the Vice President's chair shall be set apart for 
                    reporters of daily newspapers.
                          15.1.1  The administration of the Press 
                    Gallery shall be vested in a Standing Committee of 
                    Correspondents elected by accredited members of the 
                    gallery. The committee shall consist of five persons 
                    elected to serve for terms of two years: Provided, 
                    however, that at the election in January 1951, the 
                    three candidates receiving the highest number of 
                    votes shall serve for two years and the remaining 
                    two for one year. Thereafter, three members shall be 
                    elected in odd-numbered years and two in even-
                    numbered years. Elections shall be held in January. 
                    The committee shall elect its own chair and 
                    secretary. Vacancies on the committee shall be 
                    filled by special election to be called by the 
                    Standing Committee.
                                  15.1.2  Persons desiring admission to 
                            the Press Gallery in the Senate wing shall 
                            make application in accordance with Rule 
                            XXXIII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, 
                            which rule shall be interpreted and 
                            administered by the Standing Committee of 
                            Correspondents, subject to the review and 
                            approval by the Senate Committee on Rules 
                            and Administration.
                                  15.1.3  The Standing Committee of 
                            Correspondents shall limit membership in the 
                            Press Gallery to bona fide correspondents of 
                            repute in their profession, under such rules 
                            as the Standing Committee of Correspondents 
                            shall prescribe: Provided, however, that the 
                            Standing Committee of Correspondents shall 
                            admit to the Press Gallery no person who 
                            does not establish to the satisfaction of 
                            the Standing Committee all of the following:
                            15.1.3.1  That the person's principal income 
                    is obtained from news correspondence intended for 
                    publication in newspapers entitled to second-class 
                    mailing privileges.
                            15.1.3.2  That the person is not engaged in 
                    paid publicity or promotion work or in prosecuting 
                    any claim before Congress or before any department

[[Page 204]]

                    of the Government, and will not become so engaged 
                    while a member of the Press Gallery.
                            15.1.3.3  That the person is not engaged in 
                    any lobbying activity and will not become so engaged 
                    while a member of the Press Gallery.
                          15.1.4  Members of the families of 
                    correspondents are not entitled to the privileges of 
                    the Press Gallery.
                          15.1.5  The Standing Committee of 
                    Correspondents shall propose no change or changes in 
                    these rules except upon petition in writing signed 
                    by not less than 100 accredited members of the Press 
                    Gallery.
                        15.2  Radio and Television Correspondents 
                    Gallery--The front row of Gallery 1 shall be set 
                    apart for the use of the radio-television 
                    correspondents.
                          15.2.1  Persons desiring admission to the 
                    Radio and Television Correspondents Gallery of the 
                    Senate shall make application to the Committee on 
                    Rules and Administration of the Senate, as required 
                    by Rule XXIII of the Standing Rules of the Senate; 
                    and shall also state, in writing, the names of all 
                    radio stations, television stations, systems, or 
                    newsgathering organizations by which they are 
                    employed; and what other occupation or employment 
                    they may have, if any; and shall further declare 
                    that they are not engaged in the prosecution of 
                    claims or promotion of legislation pending before 
                    Congress, the departments, or the independent 
                    agencies, and that they will not become so employed 
                    without resigning from the gallery. They shall 
                    further declare that they are not employed in any 
                    legislative or executive department or independent 
                    agency of the Government, or by any foreign 
                    government or representative thereof; that they are 
                    not engaged in any lobbying activities; that they do 
                    not and will not, directly or indirectly, furnish 
                    special information to any organization, individual, 
                    or group of individuals, for the influencing of 
                    prices on any commodity or stock exchange; that they 
                    will not do so during the time they retain 
                    membership in the gallery. Holders of visitors' 
                    cards who may be allowed temporary admission to the 
                    gallery must conform to all the restrictions of this 
                    paragraph.
                          15.2.2  It shall be prerequisite to membership 
                    that the radio station, television station, system, 
                    or newsgathering agencies which the applicants 
                    represent shall certify, in writing, to the Radio 
                    and Tele

[[Page 205]]

                    vision Correspondents Gallery that the applicants 
                    conform to the foregoing regulations.
                          15.2.3  The applications required by the above 
                    rule shall be authenticated in a manner that shall 
                    be satisfactory to the Executive Committee of the 
                    Radio and Television Correspondents Gallery, which 
                    shall see that the occupation of the gallery is 
                    confined to bona fide news gatherers and/ or 
                    reporters of reputable standing in their business 
                    who represent radio stations, television stations, 
                    systems, or newsgathering agencies engaged primarily 
                    in serving radio stations, television stations, or 
                    systems. It shall be the duty of the Executive 
                    Committee of the Radio and Television Correspondents 
                    Gallery to report, at its discretion, violation of 
                    privileges of the gallery to the Senate Committee on 
                    Rules and Administration, and, pending action 
                    thereon, the offending individual may be suspended.
                          15.2.4  Persons engaged in other occupations, 
                    whose chief attention is not given to-or more than 
                    one-half of their earned income is not derived from-
                    the gathering or reporting of news for radio 
                    stations, television stations, systems, or 
                    newsgathering agencies primarily serving radio 
                    stations, television stations, or systems, shall not 
                    be entitled to admission to the Radio and Television 
                    Correspondents Gallery. The Radio and Television 
                    Correspondents list in the Congressional Directory 
                    shall be a list only of persons whose chief 
                    attention is given to the gathering and reporting of 
                    news for radio stations, television stations, and 
                    systems engaged in the daily dissemination of news, 
                    and of representatives of newsgathering agencies 
                    engaged in the daily service of news to such radio 
                    stations, television stations, or systems.
                          15.2.5  Members of the families of 
                    correspondents are not entitled to the privileges of 
                    the gallery.
                          15.2.6  The Radio and Television 
                    Correspondents Gallery shall be under the control of 
                    the Executive Committee of the Radio and Television 
                    Correspondents Gallery, subject to the approval and 
                    supervision of the Senate Committee on Rules and 
                    Administration.
                        15.3  Periodical Press Gallery - The front row 
                    of Gallery 9 shall be set aside for the use of the 
                    periodical press.

[[Page 206]]

                          15.3.1  Persons eligible for admission to the 
                    Periodical Press Gallery of the Senate must be bona 
                    fide resident correspondents of reputable standing, 
                    giving their chief attention to the gathering and 
                    reporting of news. They shall state in writing the 
                    names of their employers and their additional 
                    sources of earned income; and they shall declare 
                    that, while a member of the Gallery, they will not 
                    act as an agent in the prosecution of claims, and 
                    will not become engaged or assist, directly or 
                    indirectly, in any lobbying, promotion, advertising, 
                    or publicity activity intended to influence 
                    legislation or any other action of the Congress, nor 
                    any matter before any independent agency, or any 
                    department or other instrumentality of the Executive 
                    Branch; and that they will not act as an agent for, 
                    or be employed by the federal, or any state, local 
                    or foreign government or representatives thereof; 
                    and that they will not, directly or indirectly, 
                    furnish special or ``insider'' information intended 
                    to influence prices or for the purpose of trading on 
                    any commodity or stock exchange; and that they will 
                    not become employed, directly or indirectly, by any 
                    stock exchange, board of trade or other organization 
                    or member thereof, or brokerage house or broker 
                    engaged in the buying and selling of any security or 
                    commodity. Applications shall be submitted to the 
                    Executive Committee of the Periodical 
                    Correspondents' Association and shall be 
                    authenticated in a manner satisfactory to the 
                    Executive Committee.
                          15.3.2  Applicants must be employed by 
                    periodicals that regularly publish a substantial 
                    volume of news material of either general, economic, 
                    industrial, technical, cultural or trade character. 
                    The periodical must require such Washington coverage 
                    on a continuing basis and must be owned and operated 
                    independently of any government, industry, 
                    institution, association, or lobbying organization. 
                    Applicants must also be employed by a periodical 
                    that is published for profit and is supported 
                    chiefly by advertising or by subscription, or by a 
                    periodical meeting the conditions in this paragraph 
                    but published by a non-profit organization that, 
                    first, operates independently of any government, 
                    industry, or institution and, second, does not 
                    engage, directly or indirectly, in any lobbying or

[[Page 207]]

                    other activity intended to influence any matter 
                    before Congress or before any independent agency or 
                    any department or other instrumentality of the 
                    Executive Branch. House organs are not eligible.
                          15.3.3  Members of the families of 
                    correspondents are not entitled to the privileges of 
                    the gallery.
                          15.3.4  The Executive Committee may issue 
                    temporary credentials permitting the privileges of 
                    the Gallery to individuals who meet the rules of 
                    eligibility but who may be on short-term assignment 
                    or temporarily resident in Washington.
                          15.3.5  Under the authority of Rule XXIII of 
                    the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Periodical 
                    Press Gallery of the Senate shall be under the 
                    control of the Executive Committee, subject to the 
                    approval and supervision of the Senate Committee on 
                    Rules and Administration. It shall be the duty of 
                    the Executive Committee, at its discretion, to 
                    report violations of the privileges of the Gallery 
                    to the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, 
                    and pending action thereon, the offending 
                    correspondent may be suspended. The Committee shall 
                    be elected at the start of each Congress by members 
                    of the Periodical Correspondents' Association, and 
                    shall consist of seven members with no more than one 
                    member from any one publishing organization. The 
                    Committee shall elect its own officers, and a 
                    majority of the Committee may fill vacancies on the 
                    Committee. The list in the Congressional Directory 
                    shall be a list only of members of the Periodical 
                    Correspondents' Association.
                        15.4  Press Photographer's Gallery--
                          15.4.1  Administration of the Press 
                    Photographers' Gallery is vested in a Standing 
                    Committee of Press Photographers consisting of six 
                    persons elected by accredited members of the 
                    gallery. The Committee shall be composed of one 
                    member each from Associated Press Photos, Reuters 
                    News Pictures or AFP Photos, magazine media, local 
                    newspapers, agency or freelance member, and one at-
                    large member. The at-large member may be, but need 
                    not be, selected from a media otherwise represented 
                    on the Committee, however no organization may have 
                    more than one representative on the Committee.
                          15.4.2  The term of office of a member of the 
                    Committee elected as the Associated Press Photos

[[Page 208]]

                    member, the local newspaper member, and the Reuters 
                    News Pictures or AFP Photos member shall expire on 
                    the day of the election held in the first odd-
                    numbered year following the year in which the person 
                    was elected, and the term of office of a member of 
                    the Committee elected as the magazine media member, 
                    the agency or freelance member and the at-large 
                    member shall expire on the day of the election held 
                    in the first even-numbered year following the year 
                    in which the person was elected. A member elected to 
                    fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of 
                    a term shall serve only for the unexpired portion of 
                    such term.
                            15.4.2.1  Election for the Reuters News 
                    Picture or AFP photos seat was held in 1999.
                            15.4.2.2  Election for the agency or 
                    freelance seat was held in 2000.
                          15.4.3  Elections shall be held as early as 
                    practicable in each year and in no case later than 
                    March 31. A vacancy in the membership of the 
                    Committee occurring prior to the expiration of a 
                    term shall be filled by special election called for 
                    that purpose by the Committee.
                          15.4.4  The Standing Committee of the Press 
                    Photographers' Gallery shall propose no change or 
                    changes in these rules except upon petition in 
                    writing signed by not less than 25 accredited 
                    members of the gallery.
                          15.4.5  Persons desiring admission to the 
                    Press Photographers' Gallery of the Senate shall 
                    make application in accordance Rule XXIII of the 
                    Standing Rules of the Senate, which rule shall be 
                    interpreted and administered by the Standing 
                    Committee of Press Photographers subject to the 
                    review and approval of the Senate Committee on Rules 
                    and Administration.
                          15.4.6  The Standing Committee of Press 
                    Photographers shall limit membership in the 
                    photographers' gallery to bona fide news 
                    photographers of repute in their profession and to 
                    heads of Photographic Bureaus under such rules as 
                    the Standing Committee of Press Photographers shall 
                    prescribe.
                          15.4.7  Provided, however, That the Standing 
                    Committee of Press Photographers shall admit to the 
                    gallery no person who does not establish to the 
                    satisfaction of the Committee all of the following:

[[Page 209]]

                            15.4.7.1  That any member is not engaged in 
                    paid publicity or promotion work or in prosecuting 
                    any claim before Congress or before any department 
                    of the Government, and will not become so engaged 
                    while a member of the gallery.
                            15.4.7.2  That the person is not engaged in 
                    any lobbying activity and will not become so engaged 
                    while a member of the gallery.
                    
                    

[[Page 211]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
             RULES OF PROCEDURE AND PRACTICE IN THE SENATE WHEN SITTING 
                                ON IMPEACHMENT TRIALS

            ------------------------------------------------------------

               [Revised pursuant to S. Res. 479, 99-2, Aug. 16, 1986]

       170      I. Whensoever the Senate shall receive notice from the 
            House of Representatives that managers are appointed on 
            their part to conduct an impeachment against any person and 
            are directed to carry articles of impeachment to the Senate, 
            the Secretary of the Senate shall immediately inform the 
            House of Representatives that the Senate is ready to receive 
            the managers for the purpose of exhibiting such articles of 
            impeachment, agreeably to such notice.
       171      II. When the managers of an impeachment shall be 
            introduced at the bar of the Senate and shall signify that 
            they are ready to exhibit articles of impeachment against 
            any person, the Presiding Officer of the Senate shall direct 
            the Sergeant at Arms to make proclamation, who shall, after 
            making proclamation, repeat the following words, viz: ``All 
            persons are commanded to keep silence, on pain of 
            imprisonment, while the House of Representatives is 
            exhibiting to the Senate of the United States articles of 
            impeachment against ------ ------''; after which the 
            articles shall be exhibited, and then the Presiding Officer 
            of the Senate shall inform the managers that the Senate will 
            take proper order on the subject of the impeachment, of 
            which due notice shall be given to the House of 
            Representatives.
       172      III. Upon such articles being presented to the Senate, 
            the Senate shall, at 1 o'clock afternoon of the day (Sunday 
            excepted) following such presentation, or sooner if ordered 
            by the Senate, proceed to the consideration of such articles 
            and shall continue in session from day to day (Sundays 
            excepted) after the trial shall commence (unless otherwise 
            ordered by the Senate) until final judgment shall be 
            rendered, and so much longer as may, in its judgment, be 
            needful. Before proceeding to the consideration of the 
            articles of impeachment, the Presiding Officer shall 
            administer

[[Page 212]]

            the oath hereinafter provided to the members of the Senate 
            then present and to the other members of the Senate as they 
            shall appear, whose duty it shall be to take the same.
       173      IV. When the President of the United States or the Vice 
            President of the United States, upon whom the powers and 
            duties of the Office of President shall have devolved, shall 
            be impeached, the Chief Justice of the United States shall 
            preside; and in a case requiring the said Chief Justice to 
            preside notice shall be given to him by the Presiding 
            Officer of the Senate of the time and place fixed for the 
            consideration of the articles of impeachment, as aforesaid, 
            with a request to attend; and the said Chief Justice shall 
            be administered the oath by the Presiding Officer of the 
            Senate and shall presideover the Senate during the 
            consideration of said articles and upon the trial of the 
            person impeached therein.
       174      V. The Presiding Officer shall have power to make and 
            issue, by himself or by the Secretary of the Senate, all 
            orders, mandates, writs, and precepts authorized by these 
            rules or by the Senate, and to make and enforce such other 
            regulations and orders in the premises as the Senate may 
            authorize or provide.
       175      VI. The Senate shall have power to compel the attendance 
            of witnesses, to enforce obedience to its orders, mandates, 
            writs, precepts, and judgments, to preserve order, and to 
            punish in a summary way contempts of, and disobedience to, 
            its authority, orders, mandates, writs, precepts, or 
            judgments, and to make all lawful orders, rules, and 
            regulations which it may deem essential or conducive to the 
            ends of justice. And the Sergeant at Arms, under the 
            direction of the Senate, may employ such aid and assistance 
            as may be necessary to enforce, execute, and carry into 
            effect the lawful orders, mandates, writs, and precepts of 
            the Senate.
       176      VII. The Presiding Officer of the Senate shall direct 
            all necessary preparations in the Senate Chamber, and the 
            Presiding Officer on the trial shall direct all the forms of 
            proceedings while the Senate is sitting for the purpose of 
            trying an impeachment, and all forms during the trial not 
            otherwise specially provided for. And the Presiding Officer 
            on the trial may rule on all questions of evidence 
            including, but not limited to, questions of relevancy, 
            materiality, and redundancy of evidence and incidental 
            questions, which ruling shall stand as the judgment of the 
            Senate, unless some Member of the Senate shall ask that a 
            formal vote

[[Page 213]]

            be taken thereon, in which case it shall be submitted to the 
            Senate for decision without debate; or he may at his option, 
            in the first instance, submit any such question to a vote of 
            the Members of the Senate. Upon all such questions the vote 
            shall be taken in accordance with the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate.
       177      VIII. Upon the presentation of articles of impeachment 
            and the organization of the Senate as hereinbefore provided, 
            a writ of summons shall issue to the person impeached, 
            reciting said articles, and notifying him to appear before 
            the Senate upon a day and at a place to be fixed by the 
            Senate and named in such writ, and file his answer to said 
            articles of impeachment, and to stand to and abide the 
            orders and judgments of the Senate thereon; which writ shall 
            be served by such officer or person as shall be named in the 
            precept thereof, such number of days prior to the day fixed 
            for such appearance as shall be named in such precept, 
            either by the delivery of an attested copy thereof to the 
            person impeached, or if that can not conveniently be done, 
            by leaving such copy at the last known place of abode of 
            such person, or at his usual place of business in some 
            conspicuous place therein; or if such service shall be, in 
            the judgment of the Senate, impracticable, notice to the 
            person impeached to appear shall be given in such other 
            manner, by publication or otherwise, as shall be deemed 
            just; and if the writ aforesaid shall fail of service in the 
            manner aforesaid, the proceedings shall not thereby abate, 
            but further service may be made in such manner as the Senate 
            shall direct. If the person impeached, after service, shall 
            fail to appear, either in person or by attorney, on the day 
            so fixed therefor as aforesaid, or, appearing, shall fail to 
            file his answer to such articles of impeachment, the trial 
            shall proceed, nevertheless, as upon a plea of not guilty. 
            If a plea of guilty shall be entered, judgment may be 
            entered thereon without further proceedings.
       178      IX. At 12:30 o'clock afternoon of the day appointed for 
            the return of the summons against the person impeached, the 
            legislative and executive business of the Senate shall be 
            suspended, and the Secretary of the Senate shall administer 
            an oath to the returning officer in the form following, viz: 
            ``I, ------ ------, do solemnly swear that the return made 
            by me upon the process issued on the ---- day of ------, by 
            the Senate of the United States, against ------ ------, is 
            truly made, and that I have performed such serv

[[Page 214]]

            ice as therein described: So help me God.'' Which oath shall 
            be entered at large on the records.
       179      X. The person impeached shall then be called to appear 
            and answer the articles of impeachment against him. If he 
            appears, or any person for him, the appearance shall be 
            recorded, stating particularly if by himself, or by agent or 
            attorney, naming the person appearing and the capacity in 
            which he appears. If he does not appear, either personally 
            or by agent or attorney, the same shall be recorded.
       180      XI. That in the trial of any impeachment the Presiding 
            Officer of the Senate, if the Senate so orders, shall 
            appoint a committee of Senators to receive evidence and take 
            testimony at such times and places as the committee may 
            determine, and for such purpose the committee so appointed 
            and the chairman thereof, to be elected by the committee, 
            shall (unless otherwise ordered by the Senate) exercise all 
            the powers and functions conferred upon the Senate and the 
            Presiding Officer of the Senate, respectively, under the 
            rules of procedure and practice in the Senate when sitting 
            on impeachment trials.
                Unless otherwise ordered by the Senate, the rules of 
            procedure and practice in the Senate when sitting on 
            impeachment trials shall govern the procedure and practice 
            of the committee so appointed. The committee so appointed 
            shall report to the Senate in writing a certified copy of 
            the transcript of the proceedings and testimony had and 
            given before such committee, and such report shall be 
            received by the Senate and the evidence so received and the 
            testimony so taken shall be considered to all intents and 
            purposes, subject to the right of the Senate to determine 
            competency, relevancy, and materiality, as having been 
            received and taken before the Senate, but nothing herein 
            shall prevent the Senate from sending for any witness and 
            hearing his testimony in open Senate, or by order of the 
            Senate having the entire trial in open Senate.
       181      XII. At 12:30 o'clock afternoon, or at such other hour 
            as the Senate may order, of the day appointed for the trial 
            of an impeachment, the legislative and executive business of 
            the Senate shall be suspended, and the Secretary shall give 
            notice to the House of Representatives that the Senate is 
            ready to proceed upon the impeachment of ------ ------, in 
            the Senate Chamber.
       182      XIII. The hour of the day at which the Senate shall sit 
            upon the trial of an impeachment shall be (unless otherwise 
            ordered) 12 o'clock m.; and when the hour shall arrive,

[[Page 215]]

            the Presiding Officer upon such trial shall cause 
            proclamation to be made, and the business of the trial shall 
            proceed. The adjournment of the Senate sitting in said trial 
            shall not operate as an adjournment of the Senate; but on 
            such adjournment the Senate shall resume the consideration 
            of its legislative and executive business.
       183      XIV. The Secretary of the Senate shall record the 
            proceedings in cases of impeachment as in the case of 
            legislative proceedings, and the same shall be reported in 
            the same manner as the legislative proceedings of the 
            Senate.
       184      XV. Counsel for the parties shall be admitted to appear 
            and be heard upon an impeachment.
       185      XVI. All motions, objections, requests, or applications 
            whether relating to the procedure of the Senate or relating 
            immediately to the trial (including questions with respect 
            to admission of evidence or other questions arising during 
            the trial) made by the parties or their counsel shall be 
            addressed to the Presiding Officer only, and if he, or any 
            Senator, shall require it, they shall be committed to 
            writing, and read at the Secretary's table.
       186      XVII. Witnesses shall be examined by one person on 
            behalf of the party producing them, and then cross-examined 
            by one person on the other side.
       187      XVIII. If a Senator is called as a witness, he shall be 
            sworn, and give his testimony standing in his place.
       188      XIX. If a Senator wishes a question to be put to a 
            witness, or to a manager, or to counsel of the person 
            impeached, or to offer a motion or order (except a motion to 
            adjourn), it shall be reduced to writing, and put by the 
            Presiding Officer. The parties or their counsel may 
            interpose objections to witnesses answering questions 
            propounded at the request of any Senator and the merits of 
            any such objection may be argued by the parties or their 
            counsel. Ruling on any such objection shall be made as 
            provided in Rule VII. It shall not be in order for any 
            Senator to engage in colloquy.
       189      XX. At all times while the Senate is sitting upon the 
            trial of an impeachment the doors of the Senate shall be 
            kept open, unless the Senate shall direct the doors to be 
            closed while deliberating upon its decisions. A motion to 
            close the doors may be acted upon without objection, or, if 
            objection is heard, the motion shall be voted on without 
            debate by the yeas and nays, which shall be entered on the 
            record.

[[Page 216]]



       190      XXI. All preliminary or interlocutory questions, and all 
            motions, shall be argued for not exceeding one hour (unless 
            the Senate otherwise orders) on each side.
       191      XXII. The case, on each side, shall be opened by one 
            person. The final argument on the merits may be made by two 
            persons on each side (unless otherwise ordered by the Senate 
            upon application for that purpose), and the argument shall 
            be opened and closed on the part of the House of 
            Representatives.
       192      XXIII. An article of impeachment shall not be divisible 
            for the purpose of voting thereon at any time during the 
            trial. Once voting has commenced on an article of 
            impeachment, voting shall be continued until voting has been 
            completed on all articles of impeachment unless the Senate 
            adjourns for a period not to exceed one day or adjourns sine 
            die. On the final question whether the impeachment is 
            sustained, the yeas and nays shall be taken on each article 
            of impeachment separately; and if the impeachment shall not, 
            upon any of the articles presented, be sustained by the 
            votes of two-thirds of the Members present, a judgment of 
            acquittal shall be entered; but if the person impeached 
            shall be convicted upon any such article by the votes of 
            two-thirds of the Members present, the Senate shall proceed 
            to the consideration of such other matters as may be 
            determined to be appropriate prior to pronouncing judgment. 
            Upon pronouncing judgment, a certified copy of such judgment 
            shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State. 
            A motion to reconsider the vote by which any article of 
            impeachment is sustained or rejected shall not be in order.

     192.1  Form of putting the question on each article of impeachment.
                The Presiding Officer shall first state the question; 
            thereafter each Senator, as his name is called, shall rise 
            in his place and answer: guilty or not guilty.
       193      XXIV. All the orders and decisions may be acted upon 
            without objection, or, if objection is heard, the orders and 
            decisions shall be voted on without debate by yeas and nays, 
            which shall be entered on the record, subject, however, to 
            the operation of Rule VII, except when the doors shall be 
            closed for deliberation, and in that case no member shall 
            speak more than once on one question, and for not more than 
            ten minutes on an interlocutory question, and

[[Page 217]]

            for not more than fifteen minutes on the final question, 
            unless by consent of the Senate, to be had without debate; 
            but a motion to adjourn may be decided without the yeas and 
            nays, unless they be demanded by one-fifth of the members 
            present. The fifteen minutes herein allowed shall be for the 
            whole deliberation on the final question, and not on the 
            final question on each article of impeachment.
       194      XXV. Witnesses shall be sworn in the following form, 
            viz: ``You, ------ ------, do swear (or affirm, as the case 
            may be) that the evidence you shall give in the case now 
            pending between the United States and ------ ------, shall 
            be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth: So 
            help you God.'' Which oath shall be administered by the 
            Secretary, or any other duly authorized person.

     194.1  Form of a subpoena be issued on the application of the 
                managers of the impeachment, or of the party impeached, 
                or of his counsel.

            To ------ ------, greeting:
                You and each of you are hereby commanded to appear 
            before the Senate of the United States, on the ---- day of 
            ------, at the Senate Chamber in the city of Washington, 
            then and there to testify your knowledge in the cause which 
            is before the Senate in which the House of Representatives 
            have impeached ------ ------.
                Fail not.
                Witness ------ ------, and Presiding Officer of the 
            Senate, at the city of Washington, this ---- day of ------, 
            in the year of our Lord --------, and of the Independence of 
            the United States the ------.
                                              ------ ------,
                                    Presiding Officer of the Senate.
     194.2       FORM OF DIRECTION FOR THE SERVICE OF SAID SUBPOENA

            The Senate of the United States to ------ ------, greeting:
                You are hereby commanded to serve and return the within 
            subpoena according to law.
                Dated at Washington, this ---- day of ------, in the 
            year of our Lord ----, and of the Independence of the United 
            States the ------.
                                              ------ ------,
                                            Secretary of the Senate.

[[Page 218]]



     194.3  FORM OF OATH TO BE ADMINISTERED TO THE MEMBERS OF THE SENATE 
                 AND THE PRESIDING OFFICER SITTING IN THE TRIAL OF 
                                    IMPEACHMENTS

                ``I solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that 
            in all things appertaining to the trial of the impeachment 
            of ------ ------, now pending, I will do impartial justice 
            according to the Constitution and laws: So help me God.''


     194.4    FORM OF SUMMONS TO BE ISSUED AND SERVED UPON THE PERSON 
                                      IMPEACHED

            The United States of America, ss:
            The Senate of the United States to ------ ------, greeting:
                Whereas the House of Representatives of the United 
            States of America did, on the ---- day of ------, exhibit to 
            the Senate articles of impeachment against you, the said --
            ---- ------, in the words following:
                                            [Here insert the articles]

            And demand that you, the said ------ ------, should be put 
            to answer the accusations as set forth in said articles, and 
            that such proceedings, examinations, trials, and judgments 
            might be thereupon had as are agreeable to law and justice.
                You, the said ------ ------, are therefore hereby 
            summoned to be and appear before the Senate of the United 
            States of America, at their Chamber in the city of 
            Washington, on the ---- day of ------, at ---- o'clock ----, 
            then and there to answer to the said articles of 
            impeachment, and then and there to abide by, obey, and 
            perform such orders, directions, and judgments as the Senate 
            of the United States shall make in the premises according to 
            the Constitution and laws of the United States.
                Hereof you are not to fail.
                Witness ------ ------, and Presiding Officer of the said 
            Senate, at the city of Washington, this ---- day of ------, 
            in the year of our Lord ------, and of the Independence of 
            the United States the ------.
                                              ------ ------,
                                    Presiding Officer of the Senate.

[[Page 219]]


     194.5     FORM OF PRECEPT TO BE INDORSED ON SAID WRIT OF SUMMONS

            The United States of America, ss:
            The Senate of the United States to ------ ------, greeting:
                You are hereby commanded to deliver to and leave with --
            ---- ------, if conveniently to be found, or if not, to 
            leave at his usual place of abode, or at his usual place of 
            business in some conspicuous place, a true and attested copy 
            of the within writ of summons, together with a like copy of 
            this precept; and in whichsoever way you perform the 
            service, let it be done at least ------ days before the 
            appearance day mentioned in the said writ of summons.
                Fail not, and make return of this writ of summons and 
            precept, with your proceedings thereon indorsed, on or 
            before the appearance day mentioned in the said writ of 
            summons.
                Witness ------ ------, and Presiding Officer of the 
            Senate, at the city of Washington, this ---- day of ------, 
            in the year of our Lord ------, and of the Independence of 
            the United States the ------.
                                              ------ ------,
                                    Presiding Officer of the Senate.
                All process shall be served by the Sergeant at Arms of 
            the Senate, unless otherwise ordered by the Senate.
       195      XXVI. If the Senate shall at any time fail to sit for 
            the consideration of articles of impeachment on the day or 
            hour fixed therefor, the Senate may, by an order to be 
            adopted without debate, fix a day and hour for resuming such 
            consideration.



[[Page 221]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                CLEAVES' MANUAL OF THE LAW AND PRACTICE IN REGARD TO 
                        CONFERENCES AND CONFERENCE REPORTS\1\

            ------------------------------------------------------------

                [Note.--The figures in parentheses at the end of rules 
            refer to sections of Hinds' Parliamentary Precedents (H.R. 
            Doc. 576, 55-2), where decisions and proceedings may be 
            found. The notes and references inserted are additional to 
            those in the work, and not found therein.]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \1\Collated and prepared by Thomas P. Cleaves, Clerk to 
            the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, and 
            reported to the Senate by Mr. Allison, First Session, Fifty-
            seventh Congress, under the following resolution of June 6, 
            1900:
                ``Resolved, That the Committee on Appropriations cause 
            to be prepared for the use of the Senate a manual of the law 
            and practice in regard to conferences and conference 
            reports.''
                This manual is included for historical purposes and has 
            not been updated to reflect current law and practice in 
            regard to conferences. For current practice, see the 
            ``Conferences and Conference Reports'' section of Riddick 
            and Frumin, Riddick's Senate Procedure: Precedents and 
            Practices.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                     CONFERENCES

                1. Parliamentary law relating to conferences as stated 
            in Jefferson's Manual, Section XLVI:
                It is on the occasion of amendments between the Houses 
            that conferences are usually asked; but they may be asked in 
            all cases of difference of opinion between the two Houses on 
            matters depending between them. The request of a conference, 
            however, must always be by the House which is possessed of 
            the papers. (3 Hats., 31; 1 Grey, 425.)
                Conferences may either be simple or free. At a 
            conference simply,\2\ written reasons are prepared by the 
            House asking it, and they are read and delivered without 
            debate, to the managers of the other House at the 
            conference, but are not then to be answered. (4 Grey, 144.) 
            The other House then, if satisfied, vote the reasons 
            satisfactory, or say nothing; if not satisfied, they resolve 
            them not satisfactory and ask a conference on the subject of 
            the last conference, where they read and deliver, in like 
            manner, written answers to those reasons. (3 Grey, 183.) 
            They are meant chiefly to record the justification of each 
            House to the nation

[[Page 222]]

            at large and to posterity, and in proof that the miscarriage 
            of a necessary measure is not imputable to them. (3 Grey, 
            225.) At free conferences the managers discuss, vivi voce 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \2\So in original.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
            and freely, and interchange propositions for such 
            modifications as may be made in a parliamentary way, and may 
            bring the sense of the two Houses together. And each party 
            reports in writing to their respective Houses the substance 
            of what is said on both sides, and it is entered in their 
            journals. (9 Grey, 220; 3 Hats., 280.) This report can not 
            be amended or altered, as that of a committee may be. 
            (Journal Senate, May 24, 1796.)
                A conference may be asked before the House asking if it 
            has come to a resolution of disagreement, insisting or 
            adhering. (3 Hats., 269, 341.) In which case the papers are 
            not left with the other conferees, but are brought back to 
            be the foundation of the vote to be given. And this is the 
            most reasonable and respectful proceeding; for, as was urged 
            by the Lords on a particular occasion, ``it is held vain, 
            and below the wisdom of Parliament, to reason or argue 
            against fixed resolutions and upon terms of impossibility to 
            persuade.'' (3 Hats., 226.) So the Commons say, ``an 
            adherence is never delivered at a free conference, which 
            implies debate.'' (10 Grey, 137.) And on another occasion 
            the Lords made it an objection that the Commons had asked a 
            free conference after they had made resolutions of adhering. 
            It was then affirmed, however, on the part of the Commons, 
            that nothing was more parliamentary than to proceed with 
            free conferences after adhering (3 Hats., 369), and we do in 
            fact see instances of conference, or of free conference, 
            asked after the resolution of disagreeing (3 Hats., 251, 
            253, 260, 286, 291, 316, 349); of insisting (ib., 280, 296, 
            299, 319, 322, 355); of adhering (269, 270, 283, 300), and 
            even of a second or final adherence. (3 Hats., 270.) And in 
            all cases of conference asked after a vote of disagreement, 
            etc., the conferees of the House asking it are to leave the 
            papers with the conferees of the other; and in one case 
            where they refused to receive them they were left on the 
            table in the conference chamber. (Ib., 271, 317, 323, 354; 
            10 Grey, 146.)
                After a free conference the usage is to proceed with 
            free conferences, and not to return again to a conference. 
            (3 Hats., 270; 9 Grey, 229.)
                After a conference denied a free conference may be asked 
            (1 Grey, 45.)

[[Page 223]]


                When a conference is asked the subject of it must be 
            expressed or the conference not agreed to. (Ord. H. Com., 
            89; 1 Grey, 425; 7 Grey, 31.) They are sometimes asked to 
            inquire concerning an offense or default of a member of the 
            other House. (6 Grey, 181; 1 Chand., 204.) Or the failure of 
            the other House to present to the King a bill passed by both 
            Houses. (8 Grey, 302.) Or on information received and 
            relating to the safety of the nation. (10 Grey, 171.) Or 
            when the methods of Parliament are thought by the one House 
            to have been departed from by the other a conference is 
            asked to come to a right understanding thereon. (10 Grey, 
            148.) So when an unparliamentary message has been sent, 
            instead of answering it, they ask a conference. (3 Grey, 
            155.) Formerly an address or articles of impeachment, or a 
            bill with amendments, or a vote of the House, or concurrence 
            in a vote, or a message from the King, were sometimes 
            communicated by way of conference. But this is not the 
            modern practice.  (1366.)

             [Senate Manual, 1902, p. 137; House Manual, 56th Cong., 2d 
                                                         sess., p. 207.]

                              CHARACTER OF CONFERENCES

                2. Conferences may either be simple or free.

                                        [Jefferson's Manual, Sec. XLVI.]

                Note.--This rule and the definition and description of 
            the two kinds of conferences are found in the foregoing 
            section. Vice President Hamlin, in ruling upon a question of 
            order in the Senate in the Thirty-eighth Congress, stated 
            the rule and the distinction between free and simple 
            conferences as follows:
                ``Conferences are of two characters, free and simple. A 
            free conference is that which leaves the committee of 
            conference entirely free to pass upon any subject where the 
            two branches have disagreed in their vote, not, however, 
            including any action upon any subject where there has been a 
            concurrent vote of both branches. A simple conference--
            perhaps it should more properly be termed a strict or a 
            specific conference, though the parliamentary term is 
            simple--is that which confines the committee of conference 
            to the specific instructions of the body appointing it.'' 
            (38th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Globe, pt. I, p. 900.)
                Speaker Reed, in his Manual of General Parliamentary 
            Law, chapter XV, section 242, states that ``A free 
            conference is one where the conferees meet and present not 
            only the reasons of each House, but such arguments and 
            reasons and persuasions as seem suitable to each member of 
            the committee. Instead of being confined to reasons adopted 
            by either House, each member may present his own. A 
            conference may therefore be a free conference though each 
            House may have instructed its members and limited them to 
            the terms of the agreement. This method of conference is the 
            only one known to our parliamentary law; at least, it is the 
            only one now in practice. When two legislative bodies in 
            this country have a conference, it is a free conference * * 
            *''

[[Page 224]]

                               REQUEST FOR CONFERENCE

                3. The request for a conference must always be made by 
            the House in possession of the papers.  (1366.)

                                        [Jefferson's Manual, Sec. XLVI.]

                4. The motion to ask for a conference comes properly 
            after the motion to disagree, insist, or adhere.  (1367.)
                5. A conference may be asked before there has been a 
            disagreement.  (1366.)

                    [48th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., pp. 628, 642-643; 
                                         Jefferson's Manual, Sec. XLVI.]

                6. After one House has adhered the other may recede or 
            ask a conference, which may be granted by the other House.  
            (1358-1361.)

            [23d Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., p. 112; S. Jour., vol. 2, 
            pp. 70, 71; S. Jour., vol. 5, pp. 657, 661; Jefferson's 
            Manual, Sec. XLVI.]

                7. The House may agree to a conference without 
            reconsidering its vote to adhere.  (1362.)
                8. Instances have occurred where one House has adhered 
            at once and has even refused a conference.  (1363.)

                Note.--In section XLV, Jefferson's Manual, it is stated 
            that ``Either House is free to pass over the term of 
            insisting, and to adhere in the first instance, but it is 
            not respectful to the other. In the ordinary parliamentary 
            course there are two free conferences, at least, before an 
            adherence.''
                9. Where one House has voted at once to adhere, the 
            other may insist and ask a conference; but the motion to 
            recede has precedence.  (1364.)
                10. One House may disagree to the amendment of the 
            other, leaving it for the latter House to ask for the 
            conference as soon as the vote of disagreement is passed. 
            (1368.)
                11. The amending House may insist at once upon its 
            amendments, and ask for a conference.  (1370-1371.)

                   [48th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., pp. 628, 642, 643; 
                                   Congressional Record, pp. 3974-4098.]

                12. The request of the other House for a conference may 
            be referred to a committee.

            [19th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., p. 302; 49th Cong., 1st 
            sess., H. Jour., pp. 2292, 2293; Congressional Record, p. 
            7332.]

                13. Where a conference committee is unable to agree, or 
            where a report is disagreed to, another conference is 
            usually asked for and agreed to.  (1384-1388.)
                14. Before the stage of disagreement has been reached, 
            the request of the other House for a conference gives the 
            bill no privilege over the other business of the House.  
            (1374, 1375.)

[[Page 225]]


                15. The conference on a disagreement as to Senate 
            amendments to a House bill having failed, the Senate 
            reconsidered its action in amending and passing the bill, 
            passed it with a new amendment, and asked a new conference.

             [55th Cong., 3d sess., Congressional Record, pp. 317, 439, 
                                      628, 631, 2303, 2360, 2362, 2770.]

                16. The motion to insist and ask a conference has 
            precedence of the motion to instruct conferees.  (1376-
            1379.)

          
                                      CONFEREES

                              APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES

                17. Statement of principles governing the selection of 
            conferees on the part of the House (1383), namely:

                Note.--These principles and provisions are also 
            applicable to the Senate and in harmony with its practice.
                The House members of conference committees, called the 
            managers on the part of the House, are appointed by the 
            Speaker.

                Note.--The Senate members of conference committees, 
            called the managers on the part of the Senate, are appointed 
            by the Presiding Officer, by unanimous consent, under the 
            custom of the Senate. Rule XXIV provides that chairman and 
            other members of committees of the Senate shall be appointed 
            by resolution unless otherwise ordered.
                They are usually three in number, but on important 
            measures the number is sometimes increased. In the selection 
            of the managers the two large political parties are usually 
            represented, and, also, care is taken that there shall be a 
            representation of the two opinions which almost always exist 
            on subjects of importance. Of course the majority party and 
            the prevailing opinion have the majority of the managers. * 
            * *
                It is also almost the invariable practice to select 
            managers from the members of the committee which considered 
            the bill. * * * But sometimes in order to give 
            representation to a strong or prevailing sentiment in the 
            House the Speaker goes outside the ranks of the committee. * 
            * *
                The managers of the two Houses while in conference vote 
            separately, the majority determining the attitude to be 
            taken toward the propositions of the other House. When the 
            report is made the signatures of a majority of each board of 
            managers are sufficient. The minority managers frequently 
            refrain from signing the report, and it is not unprecedented 
            for a minority manager to indorse his protest on the report.

[[Page 226]]


                18. When conferees have disagreed or a conference report 
            has been rejected, the usual practice is to reappoint the 
            managers, although it seems to have been otherwise in former 
            years.  (1383.)
                19. Conferees having been appointed, it is too late to 
            reconsider the vote whereby the House has disagreed to a 
            Senate amendment.  (1205.)

          
                               DISCHARGE OF CONFEREES

                20. While a conference asked by the House was in 
            progress on the House's disagreement to Senate amendments, 
            by a special order the House discharged its conferees, 
            receded from its disagreement, and agreed to the amendments.  
            (1373.)

                Note.--Similar action was taken by the Senate under like 
            circumstances in the Forty-second Congress (42d Cong., 2d 
            sess., S. Jour., p. 1028).

                              INSTRUCTIONS TO CONFEREES

                21. It is in order to instruct conferees, and the 
            resolution of instruction should be offered after the House 
            has voted to insist and ask a conference and before the 
            conferees have been appointed.  (1376-1379.)

            [38th Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., p. 268; 39th Cong., 1st 
            sess., S. Jour., p. 782, 784; 40th Cong., 2d sess., S. 
            Jour., p. 119.]

                22. It is not the practice to instruct conferees before 
            they have met and disagreed.  (1380.)
                23. It is not in order to give such instructions to 
            conferees as would require changes in the text to which both 
            Houses have agreed.  (1380.)
                24. The House having asked for a free conference, it is 
            not in order to instruct the conferees.  (1381.)
                25. The motion to instruct conferees is amendable.   
            (1390.)

            [40th Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., p. 119.]

                26. A conference report may be received although it may 
            be in violation of instructions given to the conferees.  
            (1382.)
                  
                          CONFERENCE COMMITTEES AND REPORTS

                         AUTHORITY OF CONFERENCE COMMITTEES

                27. A conference committee is practically two distinct 
            committees, each of which acts by a majority.  (1401.)
                28. Conference reports must be signed by a majority of 
            the managers on the part of each House. They are made

[[Page 227]]

            in duplicate for the managers to present to their respective 
            Houses, the signatures of the managers of each House 
            appearing first on the report that is to be presented to the 
            House they represent.

                Note.--See form of conference report appended.
                29. Conferees may not include in their report matters 
            not committed to them by either House.  (1414-1417.)

            [50th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., pp. 1064, 1065; 54th 
            Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., pp. 90, 91, 96.]

                In the House, in case such matter is included, the 
            conference report may be ruled out on a point of order.  
            (See Rule 50, below.)
                In the Senate, in case such matter is included, the 
            custom is to submit the question of order to the Senate.

                Note.--In the Fifty-fifth Congress, first session, Vice-
            President Hobart, in overruling a point of order made on 
            this ground against a conference report during its reading 
            in the Senate, stated that the report having been adopted by 
            one House and being now submitted for discussion and 
            decision in the form of concurrence or disagreement, it is 
            not in the province of the Chair during the progress of its 
            presentation to decide that matter has been inserted which 
            is new or not relevant, but that such questions should go 
            before the Senate when it comes to vote on the adoption or 
            rejection of the report. (55th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., 
            pp. 171, 172; Congressional Record, pp. 2780-2787.) See also 
            Congressional Record, p. 2827, 56th Cong., 2d sess., when 
            the Presiding Officer (Mr. Lodge in the Chair) referred with 
            approval to the foregoing decision of Vice-President Hobart, 
            and stated that when a point of order is made on a 
            conference report on the ground that new matter has been 
            inserted, the Chair should submit the question to the Senate 
            instead of deciding it himself, as has been the custom in 
            the House. No formal ruling was made in this case, however, 
            as the conference report, after debate, was, by unanimous 
            consent, rejected. (56th Cong., 2d sess., Congressional 
            Record, pp. 2826-2883.)
                30. Conferees may not strike out in conference anything 
            in a bill agreed to and passed by both Houses.  (1321.)

                                         [Jefferson's Manual, Sec. XLV.]

                31. Conferees may include in their report matters which 
            are germane modifications of subjects in disagreement 
            between the Houses and committed to the conference.  (1418-
            1419.)
                32. A disagreement to an amendment in the nature of a 
            substitute having been referred to conferees, it was held to 
            be in order for them to report a new bill on the same 
            subject.  (1420.)
                33. A conference committee may report agreement as to 
            some of the matters of difference, but inability to agree as 
            to others.  (1392.)

            [29th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., pp. 523-524.]

[[Page 228]]


                34. In drafting a conference report care should be taken 
            in stating the action of the conferees on amendments to 
            observe the parliamentary rule that neither House can recede 
            from or insist on its own amendment with an amendment; and 
            in case pages and lines of the bill or amendments are 
            referred to in the report, the engrossed bill and amendments 
            only should be used.

          
                  PRESENTATION AND PRIVILEGE OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                35. A conference report is made first to the House 
            agreeing to the conference.

                Note.--This rule seems to follow from the principle laid 
            down by Jefferson (Manual, Sec. XLVI), that ``in all cases 
            of conference asked after a vote of disagreement, etc., the 
            conferees of the House asking it are to leave the papers 
            with the conferees of the other,'' thus putting the agreeing 
            House in possession of the papers, and has been the usual 
            practice in Congress.
                36. Conference reports are in order in the Senate under 
            Rule XXVIII, as follows:
                The presentation of reports of committees of conference 
            shall always be in order, except when the Journal is being 
            read or a question of order or motion to adjourn is pending, 
            or while the Senate is dividing; and when received, the 
            question of proceeding to the consideration of the report, 
            if raised, shall be immediately put, and shall be determined 
            without debate.

                Note.--It has been held in the Senate that the 
            presentation of a conference report includes its reading, 
            unless by unanimous consent the reading is dispensed with 
            (54th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., p. 334; Congressional 
            Record, p. 5511).
                37. Conference reports are in order in the House under 
            Rule XXVIII, as follows:
                The presentation of reports of committees of conference 
            shall always be in order except when the journal is being 
            read, while the roll is being called, or the House is 
            dividing on any proposition. And there shall accompany any 
            such report a detailed statement sufficiently explicit to 
            inform the House what effect such amendments or propositions 
            shall have upon the measures to which they relate.

                Note.--Paragraph 4 of rule XXVIII of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate requires a conference report to be accompanied 
            by an explanatory statement prepared jointly by the 
            conferees on the part of the House and the Senate.
                38. A conference report may not be received by the House 
            if no statement accompanies it.  (1404-1405.)

[[Page 229]]


                39. Whether or not the detailed statement accompanying a 
            conference report is sufficient to comply with the rule 
            (XXVIII) is a question for the House, and not for the 
            Speaker, to determine.  (1402-1403.)
                40. A conference report may be presented after a motion 
            to adjourn has been made or when a Member is occupying the 
            floor for debate, but the report need not be disposed of 
            before the motion to adjourn is put.  (1393-1395.)
                41. A conference report is in order pending a demand for 
            the previous question.

            [55th Cong., 3d sess., Congressional Record, p. 867.]

                Note.--In the Senate the previous question is not in 
            use.
                42. A conference report has been given precedence over a 
            question of privilege.  (1397.)
                43. A conference report may be presented during the time 
            set apart for a special order for the consideration of 
            another measure.  (1400.)
                44. A conference report may be presented after a vote by 
            tellers and pending the question on ordering the yeas and 
            nays.  (1399.)
                45. A conference report has precedence of the question 
            on the reference of a bill, even though the yeas and nays 
            have been ordered.  (1398.)
                46. The consideration of a conference report may be 
            interrupted by the arrival of the hour previously fixed for 
            a recess.  (1396.)
                47. The question on the adoption of a final conference 
            report has precedence of a motion to recede and concur in 
            amendments of the other House.

                  [55th Cong., 3d sess., Congressional Record, p. 2927.]

                  REJECTION OF CONFERENCE REPORTS, EFFECTS OF, ETC.

                48. A bill and amendments having been once sent to 
            conference, do not, upon the rejection of the conference 
            report, return to their former state so that the amendments 
            may be sent to the Committee of the Whole.  (1389.)
                49. The rejection of a conference report leaves the 
            matter in the position it occupied before the conference was 
            asked.  (1390.)
                50. When a conference report is ruled out on a point of 
            order in the House it is equivalent to a negative vote on 
            the report, and the Senate is informed by message that the 
            House has ``disagreed'' to the report.  (1417.)


[[Page 230]]


          
                           AMENDMENT OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                51. It is not in order to amend a conference report, and 
            it must be accepted or rejected as an entirety.  (1366.)

               [Jefferson's Manual, Sec. XLVI; 4th Cong., 1st sess., S. 
                                                         Jour., p. 270.]

                Note.--Various instances are found where conference 
            reports agreed to by both Houses were amended and corrected 
            by concurrent resolution or order. (43d Cong., 2d sess., S. 
            Jour., pp. 372, 373, H. Jour., p. 610; Congressional Record, 
            p. 1990; 44th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., pp. 581, 708, H. 
            Jour., pp. 1087, 1252; 48th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., p. 
            859.)

                  REFERENCE AND RECOMMITMENT OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                52. A conference report may not be referred to a 
            standing committee.  (1413.)
                53. A conference report may not be referred to the 
            Committee of the Whole, although in the earlier history of 
            the House this was sometimes done.  (1410, 1411.)
                54. It is not in order in the House to recommit a 
            conference report to the committee of conference.  (1412.)

                Note.--This rule is founded upon the decision of Speaker 
            Carlisle (49th Cong., 2d sess., Congressional Record, p. 
            880), which has been affirmed by subsequent Speakers, but 
            prior to that time many instances had occurred of 
            recommitting conference reports to the committee of 
            conference.
                55. It is in order in the Senate to recommit a 
            conference report to the committee of conference, but not 
            with instructions, according to the later decisions.

            [42d Cong., 3d sess., S. Jour., pp. 313, 554-557; 43d Cong., 
            1st sess., S. Jour., p. 865; 44th Cong., 1st sess., S. 
            Jour., p. 211; 49th Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., p. 151; 55th 
            Cong., 3d sess., Congressional Record, pp. 2823, 2842-3.]

                Note.--Inasmuch as concurrent action is necessary for 
            the recommittal of a conference report, the foregoing rule 
            of the House has necessitated a change in the practice, and 
            no effort has been made by the Senate in late years to 
            recommit a conference report. The purpose of a recommittal 
            can be attained, however, by a rejection of the report, when 
            another conference would be ordered, and in accordance with 
            usage the same conferees would be appointed.

                            TABLING OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                56. The House has formally discarded the old practice of 
            allowing conference reports to be laid on the table.  (1407-
            1409.)

                Note.--The effect of the motion to lay on the table in 
            the House defeats the proposition. It is never taken up 
            again. Hence a conference report can not be laid on the 
            table; otherwise a conference report might be put beyond the 
            reach of either House. (Reed's Parliamentary Rules, Chap. 
            VIII, sec. 115.)

[[Page 231]]


                57. The Senate practice allows conference reports to be 
            laid on the table.

                  [43d Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., p. 433; Congressional 
                                                 Record, pp. 2205-2206.]

                Note.--The effect of the motion to lay on the table in 
            the Senate, unlike that in the House, is simply to suspend 
            the consideration of a question during the pleasure of the 
            Senate, which can be again taken up on motion.
                58. A motion to reconsider the vote on agreeing to a 
            conference report may be laid on the table in the Senate 
            without carrying the report.

            [44th Cong., 1st sess., S. Jour., p. 234; Congressional 
            Record, pp. 1253, 1254; Senate Manual (1901), Rule XIII, 
            clause 1, p. 13.]

                          WITHDRAWAL OF CONFERENCE REPORTS

                59. A conference report may be withdrawn in the Senate 
            on leave, and in the House by unanimous consent.

                Note.--In the 32d Congress, a conference report having 
            been agreed to in the Senate, the vote was reconsidered, the 
            bill returned from the House on request of the Senate, and 
            the committee of conference had leave to withdraw its 
            report. (32d Cong., 2d sess., S. Jour., p. 420.)

                              FORM OF CONFERENCE REPORT

                ------ Congress, ------ Session. H.R. [or S., as may be] 
            No. ------

                                  CONFERENCE REPORT

                The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of 
            the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate [or House, as 
            may be] to the Bill [or Resolution, as may be] (H.R. [or S., 
            as may be] ------), [title here] having met, after full and 
            free conference have agreed to recommend and do recommend to 
            their respective Houses as follows:
                That the Senate [or House, as may be] recede from its 
            amendments numbered * * *.
                That the House [or Senate, as may be] recede from its 
            disagreements to the amendments of the Senate [or House, as 
            may be] numbered * * * and agree to the same.
                Amendment numbered ------:
                That the House [or Senate, as may be] recede from its 
            disagreement to the amendment of the Senate [or House, as 
            may be] numbered ------, and agree to the same with an 
            amendment, as follows: * * *; and the Senate [or House, as 
            may be] agree to the same.
                Amendment numbered ------:

[[Page 232]]

                That the Senate [or House, as may be] recede from its 
            disagreement to the amendment of the House [or Senate, as 
            may be] to the amendment of the Senate [or House, as may be] 
            numbered ------, and agree to the same.
                Amendment numbered ------:
                That the Senate [or House, as may be] recede from its 
            disagreement to the amendment of the House [or Senate, as 
            may be] to the amendment of the Senate [or House, as may be] 
            numbered ------, and agree to the same, with an amendment, 
            as follows: * * *; and the House [or Senate, as may be] 
            agree to the same.
                Amendments numbered ------:
                On the amendments of the Senate [or House, as may be] 
            numbered ------, the committee of conference have been 
            unable to agree.
                   (Signatures here)             (Signatures here)

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                Managers on the             Managers on the
                  part of the ------.           part of the ------.

             JOINT EXPLANATORY STATEMENT OF THE COMMITTEE OF CONFERENCE 
                                         \3\

                The managers on the part of the House and the Senate at 
            the conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on 
            the amendment/amendments of the House/Senate to the bill/
            joint resolution (          ) submit the following joint 
            statement to the House and the Senate in explanation of the 
            effect of the action agreed upon by the managers and 
            recommended in the accompanying conference report:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                \3\This statement form replaces that formerly carried in 
            Cleaves' Manual. Rule XXVIII of the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate provides that ``an explanatory statement prepared 
            jointly by the conferees on the part of the House and the 
            conferees on the part of the Senate'' shall accompany each 
            conference report. See also House Rule XXII, clause 7(e).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                    * * * * * * *

                   (Signatures here)             (Signatures here)

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                  -------- --------,            -------- --------,

                Managers on the             Managers on the
                  part of the ------.           part of the ------.
                  
                  
                  
                  

[[Page 233]]

                                        [270]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
            SELECT LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES ENACTED IN LAW APPLYING TO THE 
                                UNITED STATES SENATE

                [Data collected through 116th Congress, 1st Session]

                        Extracts from the United States Code

            ------------------------------------------------------------

                                  SECTIONS INCLUDED

                                TITLE 2--THE CONGRESS

                       Chapter 2--Organization of the Congress

                                                         Senate 
             U.S. Code                                   Manual 
               Section                                   Section

             30b.     Notice of objecting to proceeding.....    275

                     Chapter 9D--Office of Senate Legal Counsel

             288d.    Enforcement of Senate Subpena or order    276
             288j.    Consideration of resolutions to direct 
                          counsel...........................    277

               Chapter 11--Citizens' Commission on Public Service and 
                                    Compensation

             358.     Recommendations of President with 
                          respect to pay....................    278
             359.     Effective date of recommendations of 
                          President.........................    279

               Chapter 17A--Congressional Budget and Fiscal Operations

             622.     Definitions...........................    280
             631.     Timetable.............................    281
             632.     Annual adoption of concurrent 
                          resolution on the budget..........    282
             633.     Committee allocations.................    283
             634.     Concurrent resolution on the budget 
                          must be adopted before budget-
                          related legislation is considered.    284
             635.     Permissible revisions of concurrent 
                          resolutions on the budget.........    285
             636.     Provisions relating to consideration 
                          of concurrent resolutions on the 
                          budget............................    286
             637.     Legislation dealing with Congressional 
                          budget must be handled by Budget 
                          Committees........................    287
             639.     Reports, summaries, and projections of 
                          Congressional budget actions......    288
             641.     Reconciliation........................    289
             642.     Budget-related legislation must be 
                          within appropriate levels.........    290

[[Page 234]]

            643.      Determinations and points of order....      291
            644.      Extraneous matter in reconciliation 
                          legislation.......................      292
            645.      Adjustments...........................      293
            651.      Budget-related legislation not subject 
                          to appropriations.................      294
            658.      Definitions...........................      295
            658a.     Exclusions............................      296
            658b.     Duties of Congressional committees....      297
            658c.     Duties of Director, statements on 
                          bills and joint resolutions other 
                          than appropriations bills and 
                          joint resolutions.................      298
            658d.     Legislation subject to point of order.      299
            658f.     Requests to Congressional Budget 
                          Office from Senators..............      300
            658g.     Clarification of application..........      301

                          Chapter 17B--Impoundment Control

            681.      Disclaimer............................      302
            682.      Definitions...........................      303
            683.      Rescission of budget authority........      304
            684.      Proposed deferrals of budget authority      305
            688.      Procedure in House of Representatives 
                          and Senate........................      306

              Chapter 20--Emergency Powers to Eliminate Budget Deficits

            907a.     Suspension in event of war or low 
                          growth............................      307
            907b.     Modification of Presidential order....      308
            907c.     Flexibility among defense programs, 
                          projects, and activities..........      309
            907d.     Special reconciliation process........      310

                        Chapter 20A--Statutory Pay-As-You-Go

            931.      Purpose...............................      311
            932.      Definitions and applications..........      312
            933.      PAYGO estimates and PAYGO scorecards..      313
            938.      Determinations and points of order....      314
            939.      Limitation on changes to the Social 
                          Security Act......................      315

                Chapter 24--Congressional Accountability Act of 1995

            1383.     Procedural rules......................      316
            1384.     Substantive regulations...............      317

                               TITLE 3--THE PRESIDENT

                   Chapter 1--Presidential Elections and Vacancies

            5.        Determination of controversy as to 
                          appointment of electors...........      318
            6.        Credentials of electors; transmission 
                          to Archivist of the United States 
                          and to Congress; public inspection      319
            15.       Counting electoral votes in Congress..      320
            16.       Same; seats for officers and Members 
                          of two Houses in joint meeting....      321

[[Page 235]]

            17.       Same; limit of debate in each House...      322
            18.       Same; parliamentary procedure at joint 
                          meeting...........................      323

                   TITLE 5--GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

                Chapter 8--Congressional Review of Agency Rulemaking

            801.      Congressional review..................      324
            802.      Congressional disapproval procedure...      325
            803.      Special rule on statutory, regulatory, 
                          and judicial deadlines............      326
            804.      Definitions...........................      327
            805.      Judicial Review.......................      328

                         Chapter 9--Executive Reorganization

            903.      Reorganization plans..................      329
            906.      Effective date and publication of 
                          reorganization plans..............      330
            908.      Rules of Senate and House of 
                          Representatives on reorganization 
                          plans.............................      331
            909.      Terms of resolution...................      332
            910.      Introduction and reference of 
                          resolution........................      333
            911.      Discharge of committee considering 
                          resolution........................      334
            912.      Procedure after report or discharge of 
                          committee; debate; vote on final 
                          passage...........................      335

                           TITLE 8--ALIENS AND NATIONALITY

                       Chapter 12--Immigration and Nationality

            1254a.    Temporary protected status............      336

                               TITLE 10--ARMED FORCES

             Chapter 159--Real Property; Related Personal Property; and 
                            Lease of Non-Excess Property

            2687 
            note.     Defense Base Closure and Realignment 
                          Commission........................      337

                            TITLE 15--COMMERCE AND TRADE

                   Chapter 15C--Alaska Natural Gas Transportation

            719f.     Congressional review..................      338

                               TITLE 16--CONSERVATION

                   Chapter 38--Fishery Conservation and Management

            1823.     Congressional oversight of 
                          international fishery agreements..      339

               Chapter 51--Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation

            3166.     Agency, Presidential, and 
                          Congressional actions.............      340
            3232.     Recommendations of President to 
                          Congress..........................      341
            3233.     Expedited Congressional review........      342

                       TITLE 18--CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

            Chapter 119--Wire and Electronic Communications Interception 
                       and Interception of Oral Communications

            2523.     Executive agreements on access to data 
                          by foreign governments............      343

[[Page 236]]

                              TITLE 19--CUSTOMS DUTIES

                            Chapter 4--Tariff Act of 1930

            1332 
            note.     American manufacturing competitiveness      344

                         Chapter 7--Trade Expansion Program

            1862.     Safeguarding national security........      345

                            Chapter 12--Trade Act of 1974

            2191.     Bills implementing trade agreements on 
                          nontariff barriers and resolutions 
                          approving commercial agreements 
                          with Communist countries..........      346
            2192.     Resolutions disapproving certain 
                          actions...........................      347
            2193.     Resolutions relating to extension of 
                          waiver authority under Sec. 402 of 
                          the Trade Act of 1974.............      348
            2194.     Special rules relating to 
                          Congressional procedures..........      349
            2253.     Action by President after 
                          determination of import injury....      350
            2432.     Freedom of emigration in East-West 
                          trade.............................      351
            2437.     Procedure for Congressional approval 
                          or disapproval of extension of 
                          nondiscriminatory treatment and 
                          Presidential reports..............      352
            2492.     Tariff treatment of products of 
                          uncooperative major drug producing 
                          or drug-transit countries.........      353
            2495.     Definitions...........................      354

                              TITLE 19--CUSTOMS DUTIES

                Chapter 17--Negotiation and Implementation of Trade 
                                     Agreements

            2903.     Implementation of trade agreements....      355

                     Chapter 22--Uruguay Round Trade Agreements

            3535.     Review of participation in WTO........      356

             Chapter 27--Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and 
                                   Accountability

            4202.     Trade agreements authority............      357
            4204.     Notice, consultations, and reports....      358
            4205.     Implementation of trade agreements....      359

                     TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

                 Chapter 7--International Bureaus, Congresses, Etc.

            287e-2.   Reimbursement for goods and services 
                          provided by the United States to 
                          the United Nations................      360

                           Chapter 32--Foreign Assistance

            2291 
            note.     United States Senate Caucus on 
                          International Narcotics Control...      361
            2291j.    Annual certification procedures.......      362
            2304.     Human rights and security assistance..      363
            2314.     Furnishing of defense articles or 
                          related training or other defense 
                          service on grant basis............      364

                           Chapter 39--Arms Export Control

            2753.     Eligibility for defense services or 
                          defense articles..................      365

[[Page 237]]

            2755.     Discrimination prohibited if based on 
                          race, religion, national origin, 
                          or sex............................      366
            2776.     Reports and certifications to Congress 
                          on military exports...............      367
            2780.     Transactions with countries supporting 
                          acts of international terrorism...      368
            2796a.    Reports to Congress...................      369
            2796b.    Legislative review procedures.........      370
            2799aa.   Nuclear enrichment transfers..........      371
            2799aa-
            1.        Nuclear reprocessing transfers, 
                          illegal exports for nuclear 
                          explosive devices, transfers of 
                          nuclear explosive devices, and 
                          nuclear detonations...............      372

                        Chapter 47--Nuclear Non-Proliferation

            3224a.    Studies and agreements by Secretary of 
                          Energy on multinational or 
                          international basis concerning 
                          spent fuel storage facilities and 
                          transportation systems; 
                          congressional consent; 
                          authorization of appropriations; 
                          limitations on use of funds; 
                          exceptions; special nuclear 
                          material for India................      373

                            Chapter 66--Hong Kong Policy

            5701 
            note.     Hong Kong Autonomy Act................      374

                Chapter 69a--Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity 
                                     (LIBERTAD)

            6064.     Termination of economic embargo of 
                          Cuba..............................      375

              Chapter 102--Countering Russian Influence in Europe and 
                                       Eurasia

            9511.     Congressional review of certain 
                          actions relating to sanctions 
                          imposed with respect to the 
                          Russian Federation................      376

                           TITLE 26--INTERNAL REVENUE CODE

                   Chapter 95--Presidential Election Campaign Fund

            9009.     Reports to Congress; regulations......      377

              Chapter 96--Presidential Primary Matching Payment Account

            9039.     Reports to Congress; regulations......      378

                                   TITLE 29--LABOR

               Chapter 18--Employee Retirement Income Security Program

            1306.     Premium rates.........................      379
            1322a.    Multiemployer plan benefits guaranteed      380

                             TITLE 31--MONEY AND FINANCE

               Chapter 11--The Budget and Fiscal, Budget, and Program 
                                     Information

            1105.     Budget contents and submission to 
                          Congress..........................      381
            1105 
            note.     Procedures in the Senate..............      382

[[Page 238]]

                            TITLE 38--VETERANS' BENEFITS

            Chapter 17--Hospital, Nursing Home, Domiciliary, and Medical 
                                        Care

            1703E.    Center for Innovation for Care and 
                          Payment...........................      383

               Chapter 81--Acquisition and Operation of Hospital and 
            Domiciliary Facilities; Procurement and Supply; Enhanced-Use 
                               Leases of Real Property

            8122 
            note.     VA asset and infrastructure review....      384

                       TITLE 42--THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE

                Chapter 23--Development and Control of Atomic Energy

            2153.     Cooperation with other nations........      385
            2153c.    Renegotiation of agreements for 
                          cooperation.......................      386
            2155.     Export licensing procedures...........      387
            2157.     Additional export criterion and 
                          procedures........................      388
            2158.     Conduct resulting in termination of 
                          nuclear exports...................      389
            2159.     Congressional review procedures.......      390
            2160.     Subsequent arrangements...............      391
            2160e.    Congressional review and oversight of 
                          agreements with Iran..............      392
            2210.     Indemnification and limitation of 
                          liability.........................      393

                           Chapter 77--Energy Conservation

            6249c.    Contracts for which implementing 
                          legislation is needed.............      394
            6272.     International voluntary agreements....      395
            6421.     Procedure for Congressional review of 
                          Presidential requests to implement 
                          certain authorities...............      396
            6422.     Expedited procedure for Congressional 
                          consideration of certain 
                          authorities.......................      397

                   Chapter 92--Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use

            8374.     Emergency Authorities.................      398

                          Chapter 108--Nuclear Waste Policy

            10135.    Review of repository site selection...      399
            10155.    Storage of spent nuclear fuel.........      400
            10161.    Monitored retrievable storage.........      401
            10165.    Site selection........................      402
            10166.    Notice of disapproval.................      403
            10222.    Nuclear Waste Fund....................      404

                               TITLE 43--PUBLIC LANDS

                             Chapter 29--Submerged Lands

            1337.     Leases, easements, and rights-of-way 
                          on the outer Continental Shelf....      405

                   Chapter 35--Federal Land Policy and Management

            1712.     Land use plans........................      406

[[Page 239]]

            1713.     Sales of public land tracts...........      407
            1714.     Withdrawals of lands..................      408
            1722.     Sale of public lands subject to 
                          unintentional trespass............      409

                    Chapter 38--Crude Oil Transportation Systems

            2008.     Procedures for waiver of Federal law..      410

                    TITLE 48--TERRITORIES AND INSULAR POSSESSIONS

                 Chapter 18--Micronesia, Marshall Islands, and Palau

            1901.     Approval of Compact of Free 
                          Association.......................      411
            1931.     Approval of Compact of Free 
                          Association.......................      412

                              TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION

                                Chapter 449--Security

            44901 
            note.     Identification standards..............      413

                         TITLE 50--WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE

                          Chapter 33--War Powers Resolution

            1543.     Reporting requirement.................      414
            1544.     Congressional action..................      415
            1545.     Congressional priority procedures for 
                          joint resolution or bill..........      416
            1546.     Congressional priority procedures for 
                          concurrent resolution.............      417
            1546a.    Expedited procedures for certain joint 
                          resolutions and bills.............      418

                          Chapter 34--National Emergencies

            1621.     Declaration of national emergency by 
                          President; publication in Federal 
                          Register; effect on other laws; 
                          superseding legislation...........      419
            1622.     National emergencies..................      420

                 Chapter 35--International Emergency Economic Powers

            1701 
            note.     Burmese freedom and democracy.........      421
            1702.     Presidential authorities..............      422
            1706.     Savings provisions....................      423

                  TITLE 51--NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS

                   Chapter 509--Commercial Space Launch Activities

            50915.    Paying claims exceeding liability 
                          insurance and financial 
                          responsibility requirements.......      424

                           TITLE 52--VOTING AND ELECTIONS

                       Chapter 301--Federal Election Campaigns

            30111.    Administrative provisions.............      425

[[Page 240]]

                                    Miscellaneous

                      Sec. Sec. 303(a-d), 602(c), 604, 740, 
                          District of Columbia Home Rule Act 426-430
                      Pub. L. 94-329, International Security 
                          Assistance and Arms Export Control 
                          Act of 1976 (ISAAECA), title VI, 
                          Sec. 601(b).......................      431



[[Page 241]]
                                        [275]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                   UNITED STATES SENATE PROCEDURES ENACTED IN LAW

                      Extracts from the United States Code \1\

                \1\ Since some provisions of the most recently enacted 
            statutes may receive slightly different editorial treatment 
            in the codification process, and since a few stylistic 
            changes have been made in this Manual to achieve more 
            convenient adaptation to Senate needs, some pro forma 
            deviations from the exact format of the United States Code 
            may be noted.

                      [Data collected through 116th Congress, 
                                    1st Session]

            ____________________________________________________________

                               2 u.s.c.--the congress

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law

                                TITLE 2--THE CONGRESS

                       Chapter 2--ORGANIZATION OF THE CONGRESS

       275  Sec. 30b. Notice of objecting to proceeding
            (a) In general
                The Majority and Minority Leaders of the Senate or their 
            designees shall recognize a notice of intent of a Senator 
            who is a member of their caucus to object to proceeding to a 
            measure or matter only if the Senator--
                            (1) following the objection to a unanimous 
                        consent to proceeding to, and, or passage of, a 
                        measure or matter on their behalf, submits the 
                        notice of intent in writing to the appropriate 
                        leader or their designee; and
                            (2) not later than 6 session days after the 
                        submission under paragraph (1), submits for 
                        inclusion in the Congressional Record and in the 
                        applicable calendar section described in 
                        subsection (b) the following notice:

                ``I, Senator_____, intend to object to proceedings 
            to_____, dated_____for the following reasons_____.''
            (b) Calendar
                (1) In general
                            The Secretary of the Senate shall establish 
                        for both the Senate Calendar of Business and the 
                        Senate Executive Calendar a separate section 
                        entitled ``Notice of Intent to Object to 
                        Proceeding''.
                (2) Content
                            The section required by paragraph (1) shall 
                        include--

                                (A) the name of each Senator filing a 
                            notice under subsection (a)(2);

[[Page 242]]

                                (B) the measure or matter covered by the 
                            calendar that the Senator objects to; and

                                (C) the date the objection was filed.

                (3) Notice
                            A Senator who has notified their respective 
                        leader and who has withdrawn their objection 
                        within the 6 session day period is not required 
                        to submit a notification under subsection 
                        (a)(2).
            (c) Removal
                A Senator may have an item with respect to the Senator 
            removed from a calendar to which it was added under 
            subsection (b) by submitting for inclusion in the 
            Congressional Record the following notice:

                ``I, Senator_____, do not object to proceed to_____, 
            dated_____.'' (Pub. L. 110-81, Title V, Sec. 512, Sept. 14, 
            2007, 121 Stat. 759.)

                   Chapter 9D--OFFICE OF THE SENATE LEGAL COUNSEL

       276  Sec. 288d. Enforcement of Senate subpena or order
            (a) Institution of civil actions
                When directed to do so pursuant to section 288b(b) of 
            this title, the Counsel shall bring a civil action under any 
            statute conferring jurisdiction on any court of the United 
            States (including section 1365 of title 28), to enforce, to 
            secure a declaratory judgment concerning the validity of, or 
            to prevent a threatened failure or refusal to comply with, 
            any subpena or order issued by the Senate or a committee or 
            a subcommittee of the Senate authorized to issue a subpena 
            or order.
            (b) Actions in name of committees and subcommittees
                Any directive to the Counsel to bring a civil action 
            pursuant to subsection (a) in the name of a committee or 
            subcommittee of the Senate shall, for such committee or 
            subcommittee, constitute authorization to bring such action 
            within the meaning of any statute conferring jurisdiction on 
            any court of the United States.
            (c) Consideration of resolutions authorizing actions
                It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider a 
            resolution to direct the Counsel to bring a civil action 
            pursuant to subsection (a) in the name of a committee or 
            subcommittee unless--
                            (1) such resolution is reported by a 
                        majority of the members voting, a majority being 
                        present, of such committee or committee of which 
                        such subcommittee is a subcommittee, and
                            (2) the report filed by such committee or 
                        committee of which such subcommittee is a 
                        subcommittee contains a statement of--

                                (A) the procedure followed in issuing 
                            such subpena;

                                (B) the extent to which the party 
                            subpenaed has complied with such subpena;

                                (C) any objections or privileges raised 
                            by the subpenaed party; and

                                (D) the comparative effectiveness of 
                            bringing a civil action under this section, 
                            certification of a criminal action for 
                            contempt of Congress, and initiating a 
                            contempt proceeding before the Senate.

[[Page 243]]

            (d) Rules of Senate
                The provisions of subsection (c) are enacted--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate, and, as such, they shall be 
                        considered as part of the rules of the Senate, 
                        and such rules shall supersede any other rule of 
                        the Senate only to the extent that rule is 
                        inconsistent therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change 
                        such rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        in the Senate) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of the Senate. (Pub. L. 95-521, Title 
                        VII, Sec. 705, Oct. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 1878; 
                        Pub. L. 99-336, Sec. 6(a)(2), June 19, 1986, 100 
                        Stat. 639.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       277  Sec. 288j. Consideration of resolutions to direct counsel
            (a) Procedure; rules
                (1) A resolution introduced pursuant to section 288b of 
            this title shall not be referred to a committee, except as 
            otherwise required under section 288d(c) of this title. Upon 
            introduction, or upon being reported if required under 
            section 288d(c) of this title, whichever is later, it shall 
            at any time thereafter be in order (even though a previous 
            motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to 
            proceed to the consideration of such resolution. A motion to 
            proceed to the consideration of a resolution shall be highly 
            privileged and not debatable. An amendment to such motion 
            shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order to move 
            to reconsider the vote by which such motion is agreed to.
                (2) With respect to a resolution pursuant to section 
            288b(a) of this title, the following rules apply:
                            (A) If the motion to proceed to the 
                        consideration of the resolution is agreed to, 
                        debate thereon shall be limited to not more than 
                        ten hours, which shall be divided equally 
                        between, and controlled by, those favoring and 
                        those opposing the resolution. A motion further 
                        to limit debate shall not be debatable. No 
                        amendment to the resolution shall be in order. 
                        No motion to recommit the resolution shall be in 
                        order, and it shall not be in order to 
                        reconsider the vote by which the resolution is 
                        agreed to.
                            (B) Motions to postpone, made with respect 
                        to the consideration of the resolution, and 
                        motions to proceed to the consideration of other 
                        business, shall be decided without debate.
                            (C) All appeals from the decisions of the 
                        Chair relating to the application of the rules 
                        of the Senate to the procedure relating to the 
                        resolution shall be decided without debate.
            (b) ``Committee'' defined
                For purposes of this chapter, other than section 288b of 
            this title, the term ``committee'' includes standing, 
            select, and special committees of the Senate established by 
            law or resolution.
            (c) Rules of the Senate
                The provisions of this section are enacted--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate, and, as such, they shall be 
                        considered as part of the rules of the Senate,

[[Page 244]]

                        and such rules shall supersede any other rule of 
                        the Senate only to the extent that rule is 
                        inconsistent therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change 
                        such rules at any time, in the same manner, and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate. (Pub. L. 95-521, Title VII, 
                        Sec. 711, Oct. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 1882.)

               Chapter 11--CITIZENS' COMMISSION ON PUBLIC SERVICE AND 
                                    COMPENSATION

       278  Sec. 358. Recommendations of President with respect to pay
                (1) After considering the report and recommendations of 
            the Commission submitted under section 357 of this title, 
            the President shall transmit to Congress his recommendations 
            with respect to the exact rates of pay, for offices and 
            positions within the purview of subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), 
            and (D) of section 356 of this title, which the President 
            considers to be fair and reasonable in light of the 
            Commission's report and recommendations, the prevailing 
            market value of the services rendered in the offices and 
            positions involved, the overall economic condition of the 
            country, and the fiscal condition of the Federal Government.
                (2) The President shall transmit his recommendations 
            under this section to Congress on the first Monday after 
            January 3 of the first calendar year beginning after the 
            date on which the Commission submits its report and 
            recommendations to the President under section 357 of this 
            title. (Pub. L. 90-206, Sec. 225(h), Dec. 16, 1967, 81 Stat. 
            644; Pub. L. 99-190, Sec. 135(d), Dec. 19, 1985, 99 Stat. 
            1322; Pub. L. 101-194, Title VII, Sec. 701(f), Nov. 30, 
            1989, 103 Stat. 1765.)
       279  Sec. 359. Effective date of recommendations of President
                (1) None of the President's recommendations under 
            section 358 of this title shall take effect unless approved 
            under paragraph (2).
                (2)(A) The recommendations of the President under 
            section 358 of this title shall be considered approved under 
            this paragraph if there is enacted into law a bill or joint 
            resolution approving such recommendations in their entirety. 
            This bill or joint resolution shall be passed by recorded 
            vote to reflect the vote of each Member of Congress thereon.
                (B)(i) The provisions of this subparagraph are enacted 
            by the Congress--
                            (I) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives 
                        and as such shall be considered as part of the 
                        rules of each House, and shall supersede other 
                        rules only to the extent that they are 
                        inconsistent therewith; and
                            (II) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as they relate to the 
                        procedures of that House) at any time, in the 
                        same manner, and to the same extent as in the 
                        case of any other rule of that House.
                (ii) During the 60-calendar-day period beginning on the 
            date that the President transmits his recommendations to the 
            Congress under section 358 of this title, it shall be in 
            order as a matter of highest privilege in each House of 
            Congress to consider a bill or joint resolution, if offered 
            by the majority leader of such House (or a designee), 
            approving such recommendations in their entirety.
                (3) Except as provided in paragraph (4), any recommended 
            pay adjustment approved under paragraph (2) shall take 
            effect as of the date

[[Page 245]]

            proposed by the President under section 358 of this title 
            with respect to such adjustment.
                (4)(A) Notwithstanding the approval of the President's 
            pay recommendations in accordance with paragraph (2), none 
            of those recommendations shall take effect unless, between 
            the date on which the bill or resolution approving those 
            recommendations is signed by the President (or otherwise 
            becomes law) and the earliest date as of which the President 
            proposes (under section 358 of this title) that any of those 
            recommendations take effect, an election of Representatives 
            shall have intervened.
                (B) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``election 
            of Representatives'' means an election held on the Tuesday 
            following the first Monday of November in any even-numbered 
            calendar year. (Pub. L. 90-206, Sec. 225(i), Dec. 16, 1967, 
            81 Stat. 644; Pub. L. 95-19, Sec. 401(a), Apr. 12, 1977, 91 
            Stat. 45; Pub. L. 99-190, Sec. 135(e), Dec. 19, 1985, 99 
            Stat. 1322; Pub. L. 101-194, Title VII, Sec. 701(g), Nov. 
            30, 1989, 103 Stat. 1765.)
       280  Sec. 622. Definitions
                For purposes of this Act--
                            (1) The terms ``budget outlays'' and 
                        ``outlays'' mean, with respect to any fiscal 
                        year, expenditures and net lending of funds 
                        under budget authority during such year.
                            (2) Budget authority and new budget 
                        authority.--

                                (A) In general.--The term ``budget 
                            authority'' means the authority provided by 
                            Federal law to incur financial obligations, 
                            as follows:

                                        (i) provisions of law that make 
                                    funds available for obligation and 
                                    expenditure (other than borrowing 
                                    authority), including the authority 
                                    to obligate and expend the proceeds 
                                    of offsetting receipts and 
                                    collections;

                                        (ii) borrowing authority, which 
                                    means authority granted to a Federal 
                                    entity to borrow and obligate and 
                                    expend the borrowed funds, including 
                                    through the issuance of promissory 
                                    notes or other monetary credits;

                                        (iii) contract authority, which 
                                    means the making of funds available 
                                    for obligation but not for 
                                    expenditure; and

                                        (iv) offsetting receipts and 
                                    collections as negative budget 
                                    authority, and the reduction thereof 
                                    as positive budget authority.

                                (B) Limitations on budget authority.--
                            With respect to the Federal Hospital 
                            Insurance Trust Fund, the Supplementary 
                            Medical Insurance Trust Fund, the 
                            Unemployment Trust Fund, and the railroad 
                            retirement account, any amount that is 
                            precluded from obligation in a fiscal year 
                            by a provision of law (such as a limitation 
                            or a benefit formula) shall not be budget 
                            authority in that year.

                                (C) New budget authority.--The term 
                            ``new budget authority'' means, with respect 
                            to a fiscal year--

                                        (i) budget authority that first 
                                    becomes available for obligation in 
                                    that year, including budget 
                                    authority that becomes available in 
                                    that year as a result of a 
                                    reappropriation; or

                                        (ii) a change in any account in 
                                    the availability of unobligated 
                                    balances of budget authority carried 
                                    over from a prior

[[Page 246]]

                                    year, resulting from a provision of 
                                    law first effective in that year; 
                                    and includes a change in the 
                                    estimated level of new budget 
                                    authority provided in indefinite 
                                    amounts by existing law.

                            (3) The term ``tax expenditures'' means 
                        those revenue losses attributable to provisions 
                        of the Federal tax laws which allow a special 
                        exclusion, exemption, or deduction from gross 
                        income or which provide a special credit, a 
                        preferential rate of tax, or a deferral of tax 
                        liability; and the term ``tax expenditures 
                        budget'' means an enumeration of such tax 
                        expenditures.
                            (4) The term ``concurrent resolution on the 
                        budget'' means--

                                (A) a concurrent resolution setting 
                            forth the congressional budget for the 
                            United States Government for a fiscal year 
                            as provided in section 632 of this title; 
                            and

                                (B) any other concurrent resolution 
                            revising the congressional budget for the 
                            United States Government for a fiscal year 
                            as described in section 635 of this title.

                            (5) The term ``appropriation act'' means an 
                        Act referred to in section 105 of title 1.
                            (6) The term ``deficit'' means, with respect 
                        to a fiscal year, the amount by which outlays 
                        exceeds receipts during that year.
                            (7) The term ``surplus'' means, with respect 
                        to a fiscal year, the amount by which receipts 
                        exceeds outlays during that year.
                            (8) The term ``government-sponsored 
                        enterprise'' means a corporate entity created by 
                        a law of the United States that--

                                (A)(i) has a Federal charter authorized 
                            by law;

                                (ii) is privately owned, as evidenced by 
                            capital stock owned by private entities or 
                            individuals;

                                (iii) is under the direction of a board 
                            of directors, a majority of which is elected 
                            by private owners;

                                (iv) is a financial institution with 
                            power to--

                                        (I) make loans or loan 
                                    guarantees for limited purposes such 
                                    as to provide credit for specific 
                                    borrowers or one sector; and

                                        (II) raise funds by borrowing 
                                    (which does not carry the full faith 
                                    and credit of the Federal 
                                    Government) or to guarantee the debt 
                                    of others in unlimited amounts; and

                                (B)(i) does not exercise powers that are 
                            reserved to the Government as sovereign 
                            (such as the power to tax or to regulate 
                            interstate commerce);

                                (ii) does not have the power to commit 
                            the Government financially (but it may be a 
                            recipient of a loan guarantee commitment 
                            made by the Government); and

                                (iii) has employees whose salaries and 
                            expenses are paid by the enterprise and are 
                            not Federal employees subject to title 5.

                            (9) The term ``entitlement authority'' 
                        means--

                                (A) the authority to make payments 
                            (including loans and grants), the budget 
                            authority for which is not provided for in 
                            advance by appropriation Acts, to any person 
                            or government if, under the provisions of 
                            the law containing that authority, the 
                            United States is obligated to make such 
                            payments to persons

[[Page 247]]

                            or governments who meet the requirements 
                            established by that law; and

                                (B) the food stamp program.

                            (10) The term ``credit authority'' means 
                        authority to incur direct loan obligations or to 
                        incur primary loan guarantee commitments.
                            (11) The terms ``emergency'' and 
                        ``unanticipated'' have the meanings given to 
                        such terms in section 900(c) of this title. 
                        (Pub. L. 93-344, Sec. 3, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 
                        299; Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, 
                        Sec. 302(c), as added Pub. L. 95-110, Sec. 1, 
                        Sept. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 884, renumbered Title 
                        I, Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, Sec. 902(a)(8), 
                        Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; Pub. L. 99-177, 
                        Title II, Sec. Sec. 201(a), 232(b), Dec. 12, 
                        1985, 99 Stat. 1039, 1062; Pub. L. 99-514, 
                        Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 
                        100-119, Title I, Sec. 106(a), Sept. 29, 1987, 
                        101 Stat. 780; Pub. L. 100-203, Title VIII, 
                        Sec. 8003(c), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330-282; 
                        Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
                        Sec. Sec. 13112(a)(2), 13201(b)(1), 13211(a), 
                        Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-607, 1388-614, 
                        1388-620; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10101, 
                        Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 678; Pub. L. 112-25, 
                        Title I, Sec. 105(b), Aug. 2, 2011, 125 Stat. 
                        247.)
            
               Chapter 17A--CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET AND FISCAL OPERATIONS

       281  Sec. 631. Timetable
                The timetable with respect to the congressional budget 
            process for any fiscal year is as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
            On or before:                   Action to be completed:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
First Monday in February.............  President submits his budget.
February 15..........................  Congressional Budget Office
                                        submits report to Budget
                                        Committees.
Not later than 6 weeks after           Committees submit views and
 President submits budget.              estimates to Budget Committees.
April 1..............................  Senate Budget Committee reports
                                        concurrent resolution on the
                                        budget.
April 15.............................  Congress completes action on
                                        concurrent resolution on the
                                        budget.
May 15...............................  Annual appropriation bills may be
                                        considered in the House.
June 10..............................  House Appropriations Committee
                                        reports last annual
                                        appropriation bill.
June 15..............................  Congress completes action on
                                        reconciliation legislation.
June 30..............................  House completes action on annual
                                        appropriation bills.
October 1............................  Fiscal year begins.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

            (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 300, July 12, 1974, 88 
            Stat. 306; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 
            1985, 99 Stat. 1040; Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
            13112(a)(4), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-608; Pub. L. 105-
            33, Title X, Sec. 10104(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 679.)

       282  Sec. 632. Annual adoption of concurrent resolution on the 
                budget
            (a) Content of concurrent resolution on the budget
                On or before April 15 of each year, the Congress shall 
            complete action on a concurrent resolution on the budget for 
            the fiscal year beginning on October 1 of such year. The 
            concurrent resolution shall set forth appropriate levels for 
            the fiscal year beginning on October 1 of such year and for 
            at least each of the 4 ensuing fiscal years for the 
            following--

[[Page 248]]

                            (1) totals of new budget authority and 
                        outlays;
                            (2) total Federal revenues and the amount, 
                        if any, by which the aggregate level of Federal 
                        revenues should be increased or decreased by 
                        bills and resolutions to be reported by the 
                        appropriate committees;
                            (3) the surplus or deficit in the budget;
                            (4) new budget authority and outlays for 
                        each major functional category, based on 
                        allocations of the total levels set forth 
                        pursuant to paragraph (1);
                            (5) the public debt;
                            (6) For \2\ purposes of Senate enforcement 
                        under this subchapter, outlays of the old-age, 
                        survivors, and disability insurance program 
                        established under title II of the Social 
                        Security Act [42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.] for the 
                        fiscal year of the resolution and for each of 
                        the 4 succeeding fiscal years; and
                \2\ So in original. Probably should be for.
                            (7) For \3\ purposes of Senate enforcement 
                        under this subchapter, revenues of the old-age, 
                        survivors, and disability insurance program 
                        established under title II of the Social 
                        Security Act (and the related provisions of the 
                        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 1 et 
                        seq.]) for the fiscal year of the resolution and 
                        for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years.
                \3\ So in original. Probably should be for.

            The concurrent resolution shall not include the outlays and 
            revenue totals of the old-age, survivors, and disability 
            insurance program established under title II of the Social 
            Security Act or the related provisions of the Internal 
            Revenue Code of 1986 in the surplus or deficit totals 
            required by this subsection or in any other surplus or 
            deficit totals required by this subchapter.

            (b) Additional matters in concurrent resolution
                The concurrent resolution on the budget may--
                            (1) set forth, if required by subsection 
                        (f), the calendar year in which, in the opinion 
                        of the Congress, the goals for reducing 
                        unemployment set forth in section 4(b) of the 
                        Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1022a(b)] 
                        should be achieved;
                            (2) include reconciliation directives 
                        described in section 641 of this title;
                            (3) require a procedure under which all or 
                        certain bills or resolutions providing new 
                        budget authority or new entitlement authority 
                        for such fiscal year shall not be enrolled until 
                        the Congress has completed action on any 
                        reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution 
                        or both required by such concurrent resolution 
                        to be reported in accordance with section 641(b) 
                        of this title;
                            (4) set forth such other matters, and 
                        require such other procedures, relating to the 
                        budget, as may be appropriate to carry out the 
                        purposes of this Act;
                            (5) include a heading entitled ``Debt 
                        Increase as Measure of Deficit'' in which the 
                        concurrent resolution shall set forth the 
                        amounts by which the debt subject to limit (in 
                        section 3101 of title 31) has increased or would 
                        increase in each of the relevant fiscal years;

[[Page 249]]

                            (6) include a heading entitled ``Display of 
                        Federal Retirement Trust Fund Balances'' in 
                        which the concurrent resolution shall set forth 
                        the balances of the Federal retirement trust 
                        funds;
                            (7) set forth procedures in the Senate 
                        whereby committee allocations, aggregates, and 
                        other levels can be revised for legislation if 
                        that legislation would not increase the deficit, 
                        or would not increase the deficit when taken 
                        with other legislation enacted after the 
                        adoption of the resolution, for the first fiscal 
                        year or the total period of fiscal years covered 
                        by the resolution;
                            (8) set forth procedures to effectuate pay-
                        as-you-go in the House of Representatives; and
                            (9) set forth direct loan obligation and 
                        primary loan guarantee commitment levels.
            (c) Consideration of procedures or matters which have effect 
                of changing any rule of House
                If the Committee on the Budget of the House of 
            Representatives reports any concurrent resolution on the 
            budget which includes any procedure or matter which has the 
            effect of changing any rule of the House of Representatives, 
            such concurrent resolution shall then be referred to the 
            Committee on Rules with instructions to report it within 
            five calendar days (not counting any day on which the House 
            is not in session). The Committee on Rules shall have 
            jurisdiction to report any concurrent resolution referred to 
            it under this paragraph with an amendment or amendments 
            changing or striking out any such procedure or matter.
            (d) Views and estimates of other committees
                Within 6 weeks after the President submits a budget 
            under section 1105(a) of title 31, or at such time as may be 
            requested by the Committee on the Budget, each committee of 
            the House of Representatives having legislative jurisdiction 
            shall submit to the Committee on the Budget of the House and 
            each committee of the Senate having legislative jurisdiction 
            shall submit to the Committee on the Budget of the Senate 
            its views and estimates (as determined by the committee 
            making such submission) with respect to all matters set 
            forth in subsections (a) and (b) which relate to matters 
            within the jurisdiction or functions of such committee. The 
            Joint Economic Committee shall submit to the Committees on 
            the Budget of both Houses its recommendations as to the 
            fiscal policy appropriate to the goals of the Employment Act 
            of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.]. Any other committee of the 
            House of Representatives or the Senate may submit to the 
            Committee on the Budget of its House, and any joint 
            committee of the Congress may submit to the Committees on 
            the Budget of both Houses, its views and estimates with 
            respect to all matters set forth in subsections (a) and (b) 
            which relate to matters within its jurisdiction or 
            functions. Any Committee 1 of the House of Representatives 
            or the Senate that anticipates that the committee will 
            consider any proposed legislation establishing, amending, or 
            reauthorizing any Federal program likely to have a 
            significant budgetary impact on any State, local, or tribal 
            government, or likely to have a significant financial impact 
            on the private sector, including any legislative proposal 
            submitted by the executive branch likely to have such a 
            budgetary or financial impact, shall include its views and 
            estimates on that proposal to the Committee on the Budget of 
            the applicable House.

[[Page 250]]

            (e) Hearings and report
                (1) In general
                            In developing the concurrent resolution on 
                        the budget referred to in subsection (a) for 
                        each fiscal year, the Committee on the Budget of 
                        each House shall hold hearings and shall receive 
                        testimony from Members of Congress and such 
                        appropriate representatives of Federal 
                        departments and agencies, the general public, 
                        and national organizations as the committee 
                        deems desirable. Each of the recommendations as 
                        to short-term and medium-term goals set forth in 
                        the report submitted by the members of the Joint 
                        Economic Committee under subsection (d) may be 
                        considered by the Committee on the Budget of 
                        each House as part of its consideration of such 
                        concurrent resolution, and its report may 
                        reflect its views thereon, including its views 
                        on how the estimates of revenues and levels of 
                        budget authority and outlays set forth in such 
                        concurrent resolution are designed to achieve 
                        any goals it is recommending.
                (2) Required contents of report
                            The report accompanying the resolution shall 
                        include--

                                (A) a comparison of the levels of total 
                            new budget authority, total outlays, total 
                            revenues, and the surplus or deficit for 
                            each fiscal year set forth in the resolution 
                            with those requested in the budget submitted 
                            by the President;

                                (B) with respect to each major 
                            functional category, an estimate of total 
                            new budget authority and total outlays, with 
                            the estimates divided between discretionary 
                            and mandatory amounts;

                                (C) the economic assumptions that 
                            underlie each of the matters set forth in 
                            the resolution and any alternative economic 
                            assumptions and objectives the committee 
                            considered;

                                (D) information, data, and comparisons 
                            indicating the manner in which, and the 
                            basis on which, the committee determined 
                            each of the matters set forth in the 
                            resolution;

                                (E) the estimated levels of tax 
                            expenditures (the tax expenditures budget) 
                            by major items and functional categories for 
                            the President's budget and in the 
                            resolution; and

                                (F) allocations described in section 
                            633(a) of this title.

                (3) Additional contents of report
                            The report accompanying the resolution may 
                        include--

                                (A) a statement of any significant 
                            changes in the proposed levels of Federal 
                            assistance to State and local governments;

                                (B) an allocation of the level of 
                            Federal revenues recommended in the 
                            resolution among the major sources of such 
                            revenues;

                                (C) information, data, and comparisons 
                            on the share of total Federal budget outlays 
                            and of gross domestic product devoted to 
                            investment in the budget submitted by the 
                            President and in the resolution;

                                (D) the assumed levels of budget 
                            authority and outlays for public buildings, 
                            with a division between amounts for 
                            construction and repair and for rental 
                            payments; and

                                (E) other matters, relating to the 
                            budget and to fiscal policy, that the 
                            committee deems appropriate.

[[Page 251]]

            (f) Achievement of goals for reducing unemployment
                (1) If, pursuant to section 4(c) of the Employment Act 
            of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1022a(c)], the President recommends in 
            the Economic Report that the goals for reducing unemployment 
            set forth in section 4(b) of such Act [15 U.S.C. 1022a(b)] 
            be achieved in a year after the close of the five-year 
            period prescribed by such subsection, the concurrent 
            resolution on the budget for the fiscal year beginning after 
            the date on which such Economic Report is received by the 
            Congress may set forth the year in which, in the opinion of 
            the Congress, such goals can be achieved.
                (2) After the Congress has expressed its opinion 
            pursuant to paragraph (1) as to the year in which the goals 
            for reducing unemployment set forth in section 4(b) of the 
            Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1022a(b)] can be achieved, 
            if, pursuant to section 4(e) of such Act [15 U.S.C. 
            1022a(e)], the President recommends in the Economic Report 
            that such goals be achieved in a year which is different 
            from the year in which the Congress has expressed its 
            opinion that such goals should be achieved, either in its 
            action pursuant to paragraph (1) or in its most recent 
            action pursuant to this paragraph, the concurrent resolution 
            on the budget for the fiscal year beginning after the date 
            on which such Economic Report is received by the Congress 
            may set forth the year in which, in the opinion of the 
            Congress, such goals can be achieved.
                (3) It shall be in order to amend the provision of such 
            resolution setting forth such year only if the amendment 
            thereto also proposes to alter the estimates, amounts, and 
            levels (as described in subsection (a)) set forth in such 
            resolution in germane fashion in order to be consistent with 
            the economic goals (as described in sections 3(a)(2) and 
            4(b) of the Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1022(a)(2), 
            1022a(b)]) which such amendment proposes can be achieved by 
            the year specified in such amendment.
            (g) Economic assumptions
                (1) It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider 
            any concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal year, 
            or any amendment thereto, or any conference report thereon, 
            that sets forth amounts and levels that are determined on 
            the basis of more than one set of economic and technical 
            assumptions.
                (2) The joint explanatory statement accompanying a 
            conference report on a concurrent resolution on the budget 
            shall set forth the common economic assumptions upon which 
            such joint statement and conference report are based, or 
            upon which any amendment contained in the joint explanatory 
            statement to be proposed by the conferees in the case of 
            technical disagreement, is based.
                (3) Subject to periodic reestimation based on changed 
            economic conditions or technical estimates, determinations 
            under titles III and IV of the Congressional Budget Act of 
            1974 [2 U.S.C. 631 et seq., 651 et seq.] shall be based upon 
            such common economic and technical assumptions.
            (h) Budget Committee's consultation with committees
                The Committee on the Budget of the House of 
            Representatives shall consult with the committees of its 
            House having legislative jurisdiction during the 
            preparation, consideration, and enforcement of the 
            concurrent

[[Page 252]]

            resolution on the budget with respect to all matters which 
            relate to the jurisdiction or functions of such committees.
            (i) Social security point of order
                It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider any 
            concurrent resolution on the budget (or amendment, motion, 
            or conference report on the resolution) that would decrease 
            the excess of social security revenues over social security 
            outlays in any of the fiscal years covered by the concurrent 
            resolution. No change in chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue 
            Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.] shall be treated as 
            affecting the amount of social security revenues unless such 
            provision changes the income tax treatment of social 
            security benefits. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 301, 
            July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 306; Pub. L. 95-523, Title III, 
            Sec. Sec. 303(a), 304, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1905, 1906; 
            Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 
            Stat. 1040; Pub. L. 100-119, Title I, Sec. 106(d), Title II, 
            Sec. 208(a), Sept. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 781, 786; Pub. L. 
            100-418, Title V, Sec. 5302, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1462; 
            Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. 13112(a)(5), 13203, 13204, 
            13301(b), 13303(a), (b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-608, 
            1388-615, 1388-616, 1388-623, 1388-625; Pub. L. 104-4, Title 
            I, Sec. 102(2), Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 62; Pub. L. 105-33, 
            Title X, Sec. 10105(a)-(f)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 679, 
            680; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, title I, Sec. 122(1), (2), Dec. 
            26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1175.)
       283  Sec. 633. Committee allocations
            (a) Committee spending allocations
                (1) Allocation among committees
                            The joint explanatory statement accompanying 
                        a conference report on a concurrent resolution 
                        on the budget shall include an allocation, 
                        consistent with the resolution recommended in 
                        the conference report, of the levels for the 
                        first fiscal year of the resolution, for at 
                        least each of the ensuing 4 fiscal years, and a 
                        total for that period of fiscal years (except in 
                        the case of the Committee on Appropriations only 
                        for the fiscal year of that resolution) of--

                                (A) total new budget authority; and

                                (B) total outlays;

                    among each committee of the House of Representatives 
                    or the Senate that has jurisdiction over legislation 
                    providing or creating such amounts.
                (2) No double counting
                            In the House of Representatives, any item 
                        allocated to one committee may not be allocated 
                        to another committee.
                (3) Further division of amounts
                            (A) In the Senate

                                In the Senate, the amount allocated to 
                            the Committee on Appropriations shall be 
                            further divided among the categories 
                            specified in section 900(c)(4) of this title 
                            and shall not exceed the limits for each 
                            category set forth in section 901(c) of this 
                            title.

                            (B) In the House

                                In the House of Representatives, the 
                            amounts allocated to each committee for each 
                            fiscal year, other than the Committee on 
                            Appropriations, shall be further divided 
                            between amounts provided or required by law 
                            on the date of filing of that conference 
                            report and amounts not so provided or 
                            required. The

[[Page 253]]

                            amounts allocated to the Committee on 
                            Appropriations shall be further divided--

                                        (i) between discretionary and 
                                    mandatory amounts or programs, as 
                                    appropriate; and

                                        (ii) consistent with the 
                                    categories specified in section 
                                    900(c)(4) of this title.

                (4) Amounts not allocated
                            In the House of Representatives or the 
                        Senate, if a committee receives no allocation of 
                        new budget authority or outlays, that committee 
                        shall be deemed to have received an allocation 
                        equal to zero for new budget authority or 
                        outlays.
                (5) Adjusting allocation of discretionary spending in 
            the House of Representatives
                            (A) If a concurrent resolution on the budget 
                        is not adopted by April 15, the chairman of the 
                        Committee on the Budget of the House of 
                        Representatives shall submit to the House, as 
                        soon as practicable, an allocation under 
                        paragraph (1) to the Committee on Appropriations 
                        consistent with the discretionary spending 
                        levels in the most recently agreed to concurrent 
                        resolution on the budget for the appropriate 
                        fiscal year covered by that resolution.
                            (B) As soon as practicable after an 
                        allocation under paragraph (1) is submitted 
                        under this section, the Committee on 
                        Appropriations shall make suballocations and 
                        report those suballocations to the House of 
                        Representatives.
            (b) Suballocations by Appropriations Committees
                As soon as practicable after a concurrent resolution on 
            the budget is agreed to, the Committee on Appropriations of 
            each House (after consulting with the Committee on 
            Appropriations of the other House) shall suballocate each 
            amount allocated to it for the budget year under subsection 
            (a) among its subcommittees. Each Committee on 
            Appropriations shall promptly report to its House 
            suballocations made or revised under this subsection. The 
            Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
            shall further divide among its subcommittees the divisions 
            made under subsection (a)(3)(B) and promptly report those 
            divisions to the House.
            (c) Point of order
                After the Committee on Appropriations has received an 
            allocation pursuant to subsection (a) for a fiscal year, it 
            shall not be in order in the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, amendment, 
            motion, or conference report within the jurisdiction of that 
            committee providing new budget authority for that fiscal 
            year, until that committee makes the suballocations required 
            by subsection (b).
            (d) Subsequent concurrent resolutions
                In the case of a concurrent resolution on the budget 
            referred to in section 635 of this title, the allocations 
            under subsection (a) and the subdivisions under subsection 
            (b) shall be required only to the extent necessary to take 
            into account revisions made in the most recently agreed to 
            concurrent resolution on the budget.

[[Page 254]]

            (e) Alteration of allocations
                At any time after a committee reports the allocations 
            required to be made under subsection (b), such committee may 
            report to its House an alteration of such allocations. Any 
            alteration of such allocations must be consistent with any 
            actions already taken by its House on legislation within the 
            committee's jurisdiction.
            (f) Legislation subject to point of order
                (1) In the House of Representatives
                            After the Congress has completed action on a 
                        concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal 
                        year, it shall not be in order in the House of 
                        Representatives to consider any bill, joint 
                        resolution, or amendment providing new budget 
                        authority for any fiscal year, or any conference 
                        report on any such bill or joint resolution, 
                        if--

                                (A) the enactment of such bill or 
                            resolution as reported;

                                (B) the adoption and enactment of such 
                            amendment; or

                                (C) the enactment of such bill or 
                            resolution in the form recommended in such 
                            conference report,

                    would cause the applicable allocation of new budget 
                    authority made under subsection (a) or (b) for the 
                    first fiscal year or the total of fiscal years to be 
                    exceeded.
                (2) In the Senate
                            After a concurrent resolution on the budget 
                        is agreed to, it shall not be in order in the 
                        Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, 
                        amendment, motion, or conference report that 
                        would cause--

                                (A) in the case of any committee except 
                            the Committee on Appropriations, the 
                            applicable allocation of new budget 
                            authority or outlays under subsection (a) 
                            for the first fiscal year or the total of 
                            fiscal years to be exceeded; or

                                (B) in the case of the Committee on 
                            Appropriations, the applicable suballocation 
                            of new budget authority or outlays under 
                            subsection (b) to be exceeded.

            (g) Pay-as-you-go exception in the House
                (1) In general
                            (A) Subsection (f)(1) and, after April 15, 
                        section 634(a) of this title shall not apply to 
                        any bill or joint resolution, as reported, 
                        amendment thereto, or conference report thereon 
                        if, for each fiscal year covered by the most 
                        recently agreed to concurrent resolution on the 
                        budget--

                                (i) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution as reported;

                                (ii) the adoption and enactment of that 
                            amendment; or

                                (iii) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution in the form recommended in that 
                            conference report,

                    would not increase the deficit, and, if the sum of 
                    any revenue increases provided in legislation 
                    already enacted during the current session (when 
                    added to revenue increases, if any, in excess of any 
                    outlay increase provided by the legislation proposed 
                    for consideration) is at least as great as the sum 
                    of the amount, if any, by which the aggregate level 
                    of Federal revenues should be increased as set forth 
                    in that concurrent resolution and the amount, if 
                    any, by which revenues are to be increased pursuant 
                    to pay-as-you-go procedures under section 632(b)(8) 
                    of this title, if included in that concurrent 
                    resolution.

[[Page 255]]

                            (B) Section 642(a) of this title, as that 
                        section applies to revenues, shall not apply to 
                        any bill, joint resolution, amendment thereto, 
                        or conference report thereon if, for each fiscal 
                        year covered by the most recently agreed to 
                        concurrent resolution on the budget--

                                (i) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution as reported;

                                (ii) the adoption and enactment of that 
                            amendment; or

                                (iii) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution in the form recommended in that 
                            conference report,

                    would not increase the deficit, and, if the sum of 
                    any outlay reductions provided in legislation 
                    already enacted during the current session (when 
                    added to outlay reductions, if any, in excess of any 
                    revenue reduction provided by the legislation 
                    proposed for consideration) is at least as great as 
                    the sum of the amount, if any, by which the 
                    aggregate level of Federal outlays should be reduced 
                    as required by that concurrent resolution and the 
                    amount, if any, by which outlays are to be reduced 
                    pursuant to pay-as-you-go procedures under section 
                    632(b)(8) of this title, if included in that 
                    concurrent resolution.
                (2) Revised allocations
                            (A) As soon as practicable after Congress 
                        agrees to a bill or joint resolution that would 
                        have been subject to a point of order under 
                        subsection (f)(1) but for the exception provided 
                        in paragraph (1)(A) or would have been subject 
                        to a point of order under section 642(a) of this 
                        title but for the exception provided in 
                        paragraph (1)(B), the chairman of the Committee 
                        on the Budget of the House of Representatives 
                        shall file with the House appropriately revised 
                        allocations under subsection (a) and revised 
                        functional levels and budget aggregates to 
                        reflect that bill.
                            (B) Such revised allocations, functional 
                        levels, and budget aggregates shall be 
                        considered for the purposes of this Act as 
                        allocations, functional levels, and budget 
                        aggregates contained in the most recently agreed 
                        to concurrent resolution on the budget. (Pub. L. 
                        93-344, Title III, Sec. 302, July 12, 1974, 88 
                        Stat. 308; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, 
                        Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1044; Pub. 
                        L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. Sec. 13112(a)(6), 
                        (7), 13201(b)(2), (3), 13207(a)(1)(A), (B), (2), 
                        13303(c), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-608, 
                        1388-614, 1388-617, 1388-618, 1388-625; Pub. L. 
                        105-33, Title X, Sec. 10106, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 
                        Stat. 680; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, title I, 
                        Sec. 122(3), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1175.)
       284  Sec. 634. Concurrent resolution on the budget must be 
                adopted before budget-related legislation is considered
            (a) In general
                Until the concurrent resolution on the budget for a 
            fiscal year has been agreed to, it shall not be in order in 
            the House of Representatives, with respect to the first 
            fiscal year covered by that resolution, or the Senate, with 
            respect to any fiscal year covered by that resolution, to 
            consider any bill or joint resolution, amendment or motion 
            thereto, or conference report thereon that--
                            (1) first provides new budget authority for 
                        that fiscal year;
                            (2) first provides an increase or decrease 
                        in revenues during that fiscal year;

[[Page 256]]

                            (3) provides an increase or decrease in the 
                        public debt limit to become effective during 
                        that fiscal year;
                            (4) in the Senate only, first provides new 
                        entitlement authority for that fiscal year; or
                            (5) in the Senate only, first provides for 
                        an increase or decrease in outlays for that 
                        fiscal year.
            (b) Exceptions in House
                In the House of Representatives, subsection (a) does not 
            apply--
                            (1)(A) to any bill or joint resolution, as 
                        reported, providing advance discretionary new 
                        budget authority that first becomes available 
                        for the first or second fiscal year after the 
                        budget year; or
                            (B) to any bill or joint resolution, as 
                        reported, first increasing or decreasing 
                        revenues in a fiscal year following the fiscal 
                        year to which the concurrent resolution applies;
                            (2) after May 15, to any general 
                        appropriation bill or amendment thereto; or
                            (3) to any bill or joint resolution unless 
                        it is reported by a committee.
            (c) Application to appropriation measures in Senate
                (1) In general
                            Until the concurrent resolution on the 
                        budget for a fiscal year has been agreed to and 
                        an allocation has been made to the Committee on 
                        Appropriations of the Senate under section 
                        633(a) of this title for that year, it shall not 
                        be in order in the Senate to consider any 
                        appropriation bill or joint resolution, 
                        amendment or motion thereto, or conference 
                        report thereon for that year or any subsequent 
                        year.
                (2) Exception
                            Paragraph (1) does not apply to 
                        appropriations legislation making advance 
                        appropriations for the first or second fiscal 
                        year after the year the allocation referred to 
                        in that paragraph is made. (Pub. L. 93-344, 
                        Title III, Sec. 303, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 
                        309; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 
                        12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1046; Pub. L. 101-508, Title 
                        XIII, Sec. Sec. 13205, 13207(a)(1)(C), Nov. 5, 
                        1990, 104 Stat. 1388-616, 1388-617; Pub. L. 105-
                        33, Title X, Sec. 10107(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 
                        Stat. 683.)
       285  Sec. 635. Permissible revisions of concurrent resolutions on 
                the budget
                At any time after the concurrent resolution on the 
            budget for a fiscal year has been agreed to pursuant to 
            section 632 of this title, and before the end of such fiscal 
            year, the two Houses may adopt a concurrent resolution on 
            the budget which revises or reaffirms the concurrent 
            resolution on the budget for such fiscal year most recently 
            agreed to. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 304, July 12, 
            1974, 88 Stat. 310; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 201(b), 
            Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1047; Pub. L. 100-119, Title II, 
            Sec. 208(b), Sept. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 786; Pub. L. 101-508, 
            Title XIII, Sec. 13112(a)(8), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-
            608; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10108, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 
            Stat. 684.)

[[Page 257]]

       286  Sec. 636. Provisions relating to consideration of concurrent 
                resolutions on the budget
            (a) Procedure in House after report of Committee; debate
                (1) When a concurrent resolution on the budget has been 
            reported by the Committee on the Budget of the House of 
            Representatives and has been referred to the appropriate 
            calendar of the House, it shall be in order on any day 
            thereafter, subject to clause 4 of rule XIII of the Rules of 
            the House of Representatives, to move to proceed to the 
            consideration of the concurrent resolution. The motion is 
            highly privileged and is not debatable. An amendment to the 
            motion is not in order and it is not in order to move to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (2) General debate on any concurrent resolution on the 
            budget in the House of Representatives shall be limited to 
            not more than 10 hours, which shall be divided equally 
            between the majority and minority parties, plus such 
            additional hours of debate as are consumed pursuant to 
            paragraph (3). A motion further to limit debate is not 
            debatable. A motion to recommit the concurrent resolution is 
            not in order, and it is not in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the concurrent resolution is agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (3) Following the presentation of opening statements on 
            the concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal year by 
            the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on 
            the Budget of the House, there shall be a period of up to 
            four hours for debate on economic goals and policies.
                (4) Only if a concurrent resolution on the budget 
            reported by the Committee on the Budget of the House sets 
            forth the economic goals (as described in sections 
            1022(a)(2) and 1022a(b) of title 15) which the estimates, 
            amounts, and levels (as described in section 632(a) of this 
            title) set forth in such resolution are designed to achieve, 
            shall it be in order to offer to such resolution an 
            amendment relating to such goals, and such amendment shall 
            be in order only if it also proposes to alter such 
            estimates, amounts, and levels in germane fashion in order 
            to be consistent with the goals proposed in such amendment.
                (5) Consideration of any concurrent resolution on the 
            budget by the House of Representatives shall be in the 
            Committee of the Whole, and the resolution shall be 
            considered for amendment under the five-minute rule in 
            accordance with the applicable provisions of rule XVIII of 
            the Rules of the House of Representatives. After the 
            Committee rises and reports the resolution back to the 
            House, the previous question shall be considered as ordered 
            on the resolution and any amendments thereto to final 
            passage without intervening motion; except that it shall be 
            in order at any time prior to final passage (notwithstanding 
            any other rule or provision of law) to adopt an amendment 
            (or a series of amendments) changing any figure or figures 
            in the resolution as so reported to the extent necessary to 
            achieve mathematical consistency.
                (6) Debate in the House of Representatives on the 
            conference report on any concurrent resolution on the budget 
            shall be limited to not more than 5 hours, which shall be 
            divided equally between the majority and minority parties. A 
            motion further to limit debate is not debatable. A motion to 
            recommit the conference report is not in order, and it is 
            not in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
            conference report is agreed to or disagreed to.

[[Page 258]]

                (7) Appeals from decisions of the Chair relating to the 
            application of the Rules of the House of Representatives to 
            the procedure relating to any concurrent resolution on the 
            budget shall be decided without debate.
            (b) Procedure in Senate after report of Committee; debate; 
                amendments
                (1) Debate in the Senate on any concurrent resolution on 
            the budget, and all amendments thereto and debatable motions 
            and appeals in connection therewith, shall be limited to not 
            more than 50 hours, except that with respect to any 
            concurrent resolution referred to in section 635 of this 
            title all such debate shall be limited to not more than 15 
            hours. The time shall be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader 
            or their designees.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on any amendment to a 
            concurrent resolution on the budget shall be limited to 2 
            hours, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, the 
            mover and the manager of the concurrent resolution, and 
            debate on any amendment to an amendment, debatable motion, 
            or appeal shall be limited to 1 hour, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the mover and the manager of the 
            concurrent resolution, except that in the event the manager 
            of the concurrent resolution is in favor of any such 
            amendment, motion, or appeal, the time in opposition thereto 
            shall be controlled by the minority leader or his designee. 
            No amendment that is not germane to the provisions of such 
            concurrent resolution shall be received. Such leaders, or 
            either of them, may, from the time under their control on 
            the passage of the concurrent resolution, allot additional 
            time to any Senator during the consideration of any 
            amendment, debatable motion, or appeal.
                (3) Following the presentation of opening statements on 
            the concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal year by 
            the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on 
            the Budget of the Senate, there shall be a period of up to 
            four hours for debate on economic goals and policies.
                (4) Subject to the other limitations of this Act, only 
            if a concurrent resolution on the budget reported by the 
            Committee on the Budget of the Senate sets forth the 
            economic goals (as described in sections 1022(a)(2) and 
            1022a(b) of title 15) which the estimates, amounts, and 
            levels (as described in section 632(a) of this title) set 
            forth in such resolution are designed to achieve, shall it 
            be in order to offer to such resolution an amendment 
            relating to such goals, and such amendment shall be in order 
            only if it also proposes to alter such estimates, amounts, 
            and levels in germane fashion in order to be consistent with 
            the goals proposed in such amendment.
                (5) A motion to further limit debate is not debatable. A 
            motion to recommit (except a motion to recommit with 
            instructions to report back within a specified number of 
            days, not to exceed 3, not counting any day on which the 
            Senate is not in session) is not in order. Debate on any 
            such motion to recommit shall be limited to 1 hour, to be 
            equally divided between, and controlled by, the mover and 
            the manager of the concurrent resolution.
                (6) Notwithstanding any other rule, an amendment or 
            series of amendments to a concurrent resolution on the 
            budget proposed in the Senate shall always be in order if 
            such amendment or series of amendments proposes to change 
            any figure or figures then contained in such concur

[[Page 259]]

            rent resolution so as to make such concurrent resolution 
            mathematically consistent or so as to maintain such 
            consistency.
            (c) Action on conference reports in Senate
                (1) A motion to proceed to the consideration of the 
            conference report on any concurrent resolution on the budget 
            (or a reconciliation bill or resolution) may be made even 
            though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to.
                (2) During the consideration in the Senate of the 
            conference report (or a message between Houses) on any 
            concurrent resolution on the budget, and all amendments in 
            disagreement, and all amendments thereto, and debatable 
            motions and appeals in connection therewith, debate shall be 
            limited to 10 hours, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and minority leader or 
            their designees. Debate on any debatable motion or appeal 
            related to the conference report (or a message between 
            Houses) shall be limited to 1 hour, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the mover and the manager of the 
            conference report (or a message between Houses).
                (3) Should the conference report be defeated, debate on 
            any request for a new conference and the appointment of 
            conferees shall be limited to 1 hour, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the manager of the conference 
            report and the minority leader or his designee, and should 
            any motion be made to instruct the conferees before the 
            conferees are named, debate on such motion shall be limited 
            to one-half hour, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the mover and the manager of the conference 
            report. Debate on any amendment to any such instructions 
            shall be limited to 20 minutes, to be equally divided 
            between and controlled by the mover and the manager of the 
            conference report. In all cases when the manager of the 
            conference report is in favor of any motion, appeal, or 
            amendment, the time in opposition shall be under the control 
            of the minority leader or his designee.
                (4) In any case in which there are amendments in 
            disagreement, time on each amendment shall be limited to 30 
            minutes, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, 
            the manager of the conference report and the minority leader 
            or his designee. No amendment that is not germane to the 
            provisions of such amendments shall be received.
            (d) Concurrent resolution must be consistent in Senate
                It shall not be in order in the Senate to vote on the 
            question of agreeing to--
                            (1) a concurrent resolution on the budget 
                        unless the figures then contained in such 
                        resolution are mathematically consistent; or
                            (2) a conference report on a concurrent 
                        resolution on the budget unless the figures 
                        contained in such resolution, as recommended in 
                        such conference report, are mathematically 
                        consistent. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, 
                        Sec. 305, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 310; Pub. L. 
                        95-523, Title III, Sec. 303(b), (c), Oct. 27, 
                        1978, 92 Stat. 1905, 1906; Pub. L. 99-177, Title 
                        II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1047; 
                        Pub. L. 100-119, Title II, Sec. 209, Sept. 29, 
                        1987, 101 Stat. 787; Pub. L. 100-203 Title VIII, 
                        Sec. 8003(d), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330-282; 
                        Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. 13209, 
                        13210(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-619, 
                        1388-620; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, 
                        Sec. 10109(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 684; Pub. 
                        L. 113-67, div. A, title I, 122(4)-(6), Dec. 26, 
                        2013, 127 Stat. 1175. )

[[Page 260]]

       287  Sec. 637. Legislation dealing with Congressional budget must 
                be handled by Budget Committees
            (a) In the Senate
                In the Senate, no bill, resolution, amendment, motion, 
            or conference report, dealing with any matter which is 
            within the jurisdiction of the Committee on the Budget shall 
            be considered unless it is a bill or resolution which has 
            been reported by the Committee on the Budget (or from the 
            consideration of which such committee has been discharged) 
            or unless it is an amendment to such a bill or resolution.
            (b) In the House of Representatives
                In the House of Representatives, no bill or joint 
            resolution, or amendment thereto, or conference report 
            thereon, dealing with any matter which is within the 
            jurisdiction of the Committee on the Budget shall be 
            considered unless it is a bill or joint resolution which has 
            been reported by the Committee on the Budget (or from the 
            consideration of which such committee has been discharged) 
            or unless it is an amendment to such a bill or joint 
            resolution. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 306, July 12, 
            1974, 88 Stat. 313; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 201(b), 
            Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1050; Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
            Sec. 13207(a)(1)(D), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-617; Pub. 
            L. 113-67, div. A, title I, Sec. 122(7), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 
            Stat. 1175.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       288  Sec. 639. Reports, summaries, and projections of 
                Congressional budget actions
            (a) Legislation providing new budget authority or providing 
                increase or decrease in revenues or tax expenditures
                (1) Whenever a committee of either House reports to its 
            House a bill or joint resolution, or committee amendment 
            thereto, providing new budget authority (other than 
            continuing appropriations) or providing an increase or 
            decrease in revenues or tax expenditures for a fiscal year 
            (or fiscal years), the report accompanying that bill or 
            joint resolution shall contain a statement, or the committee 
            shall make available such a statement in the case of an 
            approved committee amendment which is not reported to its 
            House, prepared after consultation with the Director of the 
            Congressional Budget Office--
                            (A) comparing the levels in such measure to 
                        the appropriate allocations in the reports 
                        submitted under section 633(b) of this title for 
                        the most recently agreed to concurrent 
                        resolution on the budget for such fiscal year 
                        (or fiscal years);
                            (B) containing a projection by the 
                        Congressional Budget Office of how such measure 
                        will affect the levels of such budget authority, 
                        budget outlays, revenues, or tax expenditures 
                        under existing law for such fiscal year (or 
                        fiscal years) and each of the four ensuing 
                        fiscal years, if timely submitted before such 
                        report is filed; and
                            (C) containing an estimate by the 
                        Congressional Budget Office of the level of new 
                        budget authority for assistance to State and 
                        local governments provided by such measure, if 
                        timely submitted before such report is filed.
                (2) Whenever a conference report is filed in either 
            House and such conference report or any amendment reported 
            in disagreement or any

[[Page 261]]

            amendment contained in the joint statement of managers to be 
            proposed by the conferees in the case of technical 
            disagreement on such bill or joint resolution provides new 
            budget authority (other than continuing appropriations) or 
            provides an increase or decrease in revenues for a fiscal 
            year (or fiscal years), the statement of managers 
            accompanying such conference report shall contain the 
            information described in paragraph (1), if available on a 
            timely basis. If such information is not available when the 
            conference report is filed, the committee shall make such 
            information available to Members as soon as practicable 
            prior to the consideration of such conference report.
                (3) CBO PAYGO estimates.--
                            (A) The Chairs of the Committees on the 
                        Budget of the House and Senate, as applicable, 
                        shall request from the Director of the 
                        Congressional Budget Office an estimate of the 
                        budgetary effects of PAYGO legislation.
                            (B) Estimates shall be prepared using 
                        baseline estimates supplied by the Congressional 
                        Budget Office, consistent with section 907 of 
                        this title.
                            (C) The Director shall not count timing 
                        shifts, as that term is defined at section 
                        932(8) of this title, in estimates of the 
                        budgetary effects of PAYGO Legislation.
            (b) Up-to-date tabulations of Congressional budget action
                (1) The Director of the Congressional Budget Office 
            shall issue to the committees of the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate reports on at least a monthly 
            basis detailing and tabulating the progress of congressional 
            action on bills and joint resolutions providing new budget 
            authority or providing an increase or decrease in revenues 
            or tax expenditures for each fiscal year covered by a 
            concurrent resolution on the budget. Such reports shall 
            include but are not limited to an up-to-date tabulation 
            comparing the appropriate aggregate and functional levels 
            (including outlays) included in the most recently adopted 
            concurrent resolution on the budget with the levels provided 
            in bills and joint resolutions reported by committees or 
            adopted by either House or by the Congress, and with the 
            levels provided by law for the fiscal year preceding the 
            first fiscal year covered by the appropriate concurrent 
            resolution.
                (2) The Committee on the Budget of each House shall make 
            available to Members of its House summary budget 
            scorekeeping reports. Such reports--
                            (A) shall be made available on at least a 
                        monthly basis, but in any case frequently enough 
                        to provide Members of each House an accurate 
                        representation of the current status of 
                        congressional consideration of the budget;
                            (B) shall include, but are not limited to, 
                        summaries of tabulations provided under 
                        subsection (b)(1); and
                            (C) shall be based on information provided 
                        under subsection (b)(1) without substantive 
                        revision.

            The chairman of the Committee on the Budget of the House of 
            Representatives shall submit such reports to the Speaker.

[[Page 262]]

            (c) Five-year projection of Congressional budget action
                As soon as practicable after the beginning of each 
            fiscal year, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office 
            shall issue a report projecting for the period of 5 fiscal 
            years beginning with such fiscal year--
                            (1) total new budget authority and total 
                        budget outlays for each fiscal year in such 
                        period;
                            (2) revenues to be received and the major 
                        sources thereof, and the surplus or deficit, if 
                        any, for each fiscal year in such period;
                            (3) tax expenditures for each fiscal year in 
                        such period; and
                            (4) entitlement authority for each fiscal 
                        year in such period.
            (d) Scorekeeping guidelines
                Estimates under this section shall be provided in 
            accordance with the scorekeeping guidelines determined under 
            section 902(d)(5) of this title. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, 
            Sec. 308, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 313; Pub. L. 99-177, Title 
            II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1051; Pub. L. 101-
            508, Title XIII, Sec. 13206, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-
            617; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10110, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 
            Stat. 685; Pub. L. 111-139, Title I, Sec. 4(b), Feb. 12, 
            2010, 124 Stat. 11; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, Title I, 
            Sec. 122(8), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1175.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       289  Sec. 641. Reconciliation
            (a) Inclusion of reconciliation directives in concurrent 
                resolutions on the budget
                A concurrent resolution on the budget for any fiscal 
            year, to the extent necessary to effectuate the provisions 
            and requirements of such resolution, shall--
                            (1) specify the total amount by which--

                                (A) new budget authority for such fiscal 
                            year;

                                (B) budget authority initially provided 
                            for prior fiscal years;

                                (C) new entitlement authority which is 
                            to become effective during such fiscal year; 
                            and

                                (D) credit authority for such fiscal 
                            year, contained in laws, bills, and 
                            resolutions within the jurisdiction of a 
                            committee, is to be changed and direct that 
                            committee to determine and recommend changes 
                            to accomplish a change of such total amount;

                            (2) specify the total amount by which 
                        revenues are to be changed and direct that the 
                        committees having jurisdiction to determine and 
                        recommend changes in the revenue laws, bills, 
                        and resolutions to accomplish a change of such 
                        total amount;
                            (3) specify the amounts by which the 
                        statutory limit on the public debt is to be 
                        changed and direct the committee having 
                        jurisdiction to recommend such change; or
                            (4) specify and direct any combination of 
                        the matters described in paragraphs (1), (2), 
                        and (3) (including a direction to achieve 
                        deficit reduction).
            (b) Legislative procedure
                If a concurrent resolution containing directives to one 
            or more committees to determine and recommend changes in 
            laws, bills, or resolutions is agreed to in accordance with 
            subsection (a), and--

[[Page 263]]

                            (1) only one committee of the House or the 
                        Senate is directed to determine and recommend 
                        changes, that committee shall promptly make such 
                        determination and recommendations and report to 
                        its House reconciliation legislation containing 
                        such recommendations; or
                            (2) more than one committee of the House or 
                        the Senate is directed to determine and 
                        recommend changes, each such committee so 
                        directed shall promptly make such determination 
                        and recommendations and submit such 
                        recommendations to the Committee on the Budget 
                        of its House, which, upon receiving all such 
                        recommendations, shall report to its House 
                        reconciliation legislation carrying out all such 
                        recommendations without any substantive 
                        revision.

            For purposes of this subsection, a reconciliation resolution 
            is a concurrent resolution directing the Clerk of the House 
            of Representatives or the Secretary of the Senate, as the 
            case may be, to make specified changes in bills and 
            resolutions which have not been enrolled.

            (c) Compliance with reconciliation directions
                (1) Any committee of the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate that is directed, pursuant to a concurrent resolution 
            on the budget, to determine and recommend changes of the 
            type described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) 
            with respect to laws within its jurisdiction, shall be 
            deemed to have complied with such directions--
                            (A) if--

                                (i) the amount of the changes of the 
                            type described in paragraph (1) of such 
                            subsection recommended by such committee do 
                            not exceed or fall below the amount of the 
                            changes such committee was directed by such 
                            concurrent resolution to recommend under 
                            that paragraph by more than--

                                        (I) in the Senate, 20 percent of 
                                    the total of the amounts of the 
                                    changes such committee was directed 
                                    to make under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
                                    of such subsection; or

                                        (II) in the House of 
                                    Representatives, 20 percent of the 
                                    sum of the absolute value of the 
                                    changes the committee was directed 
                                    to make under paragraph (1) and the 
                                    absolute value of the changes the 
                                    committee was directed to make under 
                                    paragraph (2); and

                                (ii) the amount of the changes of the 
                            type described in paragraph (2) of such 
                            subsection recommended by such committee do 
                            not exceed or fall below the amount of the 
                            changes such committee was directed by such 
                            concurrent resolution to recommend under 
                            that paragraph by more than--

                                        (I) in the Senate, 20 percent of 
                                    the total of the amounts of the 
                                    changes such committee was directed 
                                    to make under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
                                    of such subsection; or

                                        (II) in the House of 
                                    Representatives, 20 percent of the 
                                    sum of the absolute value of the 
                                    changes the committee was directed 
                                    to make under paragraph (1) and the 
                                    absolute value of the changes the 
                                    committee was directed to make under 
                                    paragraph (2); and

                            (B) if the total amount of the changes 
                        recommended by such committee is not less than 
                        the total of the amounts of the changes such 
                        committee was directed to make under paragraphs 
                        (1) and (2) of such subsection.

[[Page 264]]

                (2)(A) Upon the reporting to the Committee on the Budget 
            of the Senate of a recommendation that shall be deemed to 
            have complied with such directions solely by virtue of this 
            subsection, the chairman of that committee may file with the 
            Senate appropriately revised allocations under section 
            633(a) of this title and revised functional levels and 
            aggregates to carry out this subsection.
                (B) Upon the submission to the Senate of a conference 
            report recommending a reconciliation bill or resolution in 
            which a committee shall be deemed to have complied with such 
            directions solely by virtue of this subsection, the chairman 
            of the Committee on the Budget of the Senate may file with 
            the Senate appropriately revised allocations under section 
            633(a) of this title and revised functional levels and 
            aggregates to carry out this subsection.
                (C) Allocations, functional levels, and aggregates 
            revised pursuant to this paragraph shall be considered to be 
            allocations, functional levels, and aggregates contained in 
            the concurrent resolution on the budget pursuant to section 
            632 of this title.
                (D) Upon the filing of revised allocations pursuant to 
            this paragraph, the reporting committee shall report revised 
            allocations pursuant to section 633(b) of this title to 
            carry out this subsection.
            (d) Limitation on amendments to reconciliation bills and 
                resolutions
                (1) It shall not be in order in the House of 
            Representatives to consider any amendment to a 
            reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution if such 
            amendment would have the effect of increasing any specific 
            budget outlays above the level of such outlays provided in 
            the bill or resolution (for the fiscal years covered by the 
            reconciliation instructions set forth in the most recently 
            agreed to concurrent resolution on the budget), or would 
            have the effect of reducing any specific Federal revenues 
            below the level of such revenues provided in the bill or 
            resolution (for such fiscal years), unless such amendment 
            makes at least an equivalent reduction in other specific 
            budget outlays, an equivalent increase in other specific 
            Federal revenues, or an equivalent combination thereof (for 
            such fiscal years), except that a motion to strike a 
            provision providing new budget authority or new entitlement 
            authority may be in order.
                (2) It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider 
            any amendment to a reconciliation bill or reconciliation 
            resolution if such amendment would have the effect of 
            decreasing any specific budget outlay reductions below the 
            level of such outlay reductions provided (for the fiscal 
            years covered) in the reconciliation instructions which 
            relate to such bill or resolution set forth in a resolution 
            providing for reconciliation, or would have the effect of 
            reducing Federal revenue increases below the level of such 
            revenue increases provided (for such fiscal years) in such 
            instructions relating to such bill or resolution, unless 
            such amendment makes a reduction in other specific budget 
            outlays, an increase in other specific Federal revenues, or 
            a combination thereof (for such fiscal years) at least 
            equivalent to any increase in outlays or decrease in 
            revenues provided by such amendment, except that a motion to 
            strike a provision shall always be in order.
                (3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not apply if a 
            declaration of war by the Congress is in effect.
                (4) For purposes of this section, the levels of budget 
            outlays and Federal revenues for a fiscal year shall be 
            determined on the basis

[[Page 265]]

            of estimates made by the Committee on the Budget of the 
            House of Representatives or of the Senate, as the case may 
            be.
                (5) The Committee on Rules of the House of 
            Representatives may make in order amendments to achieve 
            changes specified by reconciliation directives contained in 
            a concurrent resolution on the budget if a committee or 
            committees of the House fail to submit recommended changes 
            to its Committee on the Budget pursuant to its instruction.
            (e) Procedure in Senate
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the provisions 
            of section 636 of this title for the consideration in the 
            Senate of concurrent resolutions on the budget and 
            conference reports thereon shall also apply to the 
            consideration in the Senate of reconciliation bills reported 
            under subsection (b) and conference reports thereon.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on any reconciliation bill 
            reported under subsection (b), and all amendments thereto 
            and debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, 
            shall be limited to not more than 20 hours.
            (f) Completion of reconciliation process
                It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives 
            to consider any resolution providing for an adjournment 
            period of more than three calendar days during the month of 
            July until the House of Representatives has completed action 
            on the reconciliation legislation for the fiscal year 
            beginning on October 1 of the calendar year to which the 
            adjournment resolution pertains, if reconciliation 
            legislation is required to be reported by the concurrent 
            resolution on the budget for such fiscal year.
            (g) Limitation on changes to Social Security Act
                Notwithstanding any other provision of law, it shall not 
            be in order in the Senate or the House of Representatives to 
            consider any reconciliation bill or reconciliation 
            resolution reported pursuant to a concurrent resolution on 
            the budget agreed to under section 632 or 635 of this title, 
            or a joint resolution pursuant to section 907d of this 
            title, or any amendment thereto or conference report 
            thereon, that contains recommendations with respect to the 
            old-age, survivors, and disability insurance program 
            established under title II of the Social Security Act [42 
            U.S.C. 401 et seq.]. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 310, 
            July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 315; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, 
            Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1053; Pub. L. 101-508, 
            Title XIII, Sec. Sec. 13112(a)(9), 13207(c), (d), 13210(2), 
            Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-608, 1388-618 to 1388-620; Pub. 
            L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10111, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 685; 
            Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, Title I, Sec. 122(9), Dec. 26, 2013, 
            127 Stat. 1175.)
       290  Sec. 642. Budget-related legislation must be within 
                appropriate levels
            (a) Enforcement of budget aggregates
                (1) In House of Representatives
                            Except as provided by subsection (c), after 
                        the Congress has completed action on a 
                        concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal 
                        year, it shall not be in order in the House of 
                        Representatives to consider any bill, joint 
                        resolution, amendment, motion, or conference 
                        report providing new budget authority or 
                        reducing revenues, if--

                                (A) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution as reported;

[[Page 266]]

                                (B) the adoption and enactment of that 
                            amendment; or

                                (C) the enactment of that bill or 
                            resolution in the form recommended in that 
                            conference report;

                    would cause the level of total new budget authority 
                    or total outlays set forth in the applicable 
                    concurrent resolution on the budget for the first 
                    fiscal year to be exceeded, or would cause revenues 
                    to be less than the level of total revenues set 
                    forth in that concurrent resolution for the first 
                    fiscal year or for the total of that first fiscal 
                    year and the ensuing fiscal years for which 
                    allocations are provided under section 633(a) of 
                    this title, except when a declaration of war by the 
                    Congress is in effect.
                (2) In Senate
                            After a concurrent resolution on the budget 
                        is agreed to, it shall not be in order in the 
                        Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, 
                        amendment, motion, or conference report that--

                                (A) would cause the level of total new 
                            budget authority or total outlays set forth 
                            for the first fiscal year in the applicable 
                            resolution to be exceeded; or

                                (B) would cause revenues to be less than 
                            the level of total revenues set forth for 
                            that first fiscal year or for the total of 
                            that first fiscal year and the ensuing 
                            fiscal years in the applicable resolution 
                            for which allocations are provided under 
                            section 633(a) of this title.

                (3) Enforcement of social security levels in Senate
                            After a concurrent resolution on the budget 
                        is agreed to, it shall not be in order in the 
                        Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, 
                        amendment, motion, or conference report that 
                        would cause a decrease in social security 
                        surpluses or an increase in social security 
                        deficits relative to the levels set forth in the 
                        applicable resolution for the first fiscal year 
                        or for the total of that fiscal year and the 
                        ensuing fiscal years for which allocations are 
                        provided under section 633(a) of this title.
            (b) Social security levels
                (1) In general
                            For purposes of subsection (a)(3), social 
                        security surpluses equal the excess of social 
                        security revenues over social security outlays 
                        in a fiscal year or years with such an excess 
                        and social security deficits equal the excess of 
                        social security outlays over social security 
                        revenues in a fiscal year or years with such an 
                        excess.
                (2) Tax treatment
                            For purposes of subsection (a)(3), no 
                        provision of any legislation involving a change 
                        in chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                        1986 [26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.] shall be treated as 
                        affecting the amount of social security revenues 
                        or outlays unless that provision changes the 
                        income tax treatment of social security 
                        benefits.
            (c) Exception in House of Representatives
                Subsection (a)(1) shall not apply in the House of 
            Representatives to any bill, joint resolution, or amendment 
            that provides new budget authority for a fiscal year or to 
            any conference report on any such bill or resolution, if--
                            (1) the enactment of that bill or resolution 
                        as reported;
                            (2) the adoption and enactment of that 
                        amendment; or

[[Page 267]]

                            (3) the enactment of that bill or resolution 
                        in the form recommended in that conference 
                        report;

            would not cause the appropriate allocation of new budget 
            authority made pursuant to section 633(a) of this title for 
            that fiscal year to be exceeded. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, 
            Sec. 311, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 316; Pub. L. 99-177, Title 
            II, Sec. 201(b), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1055; Pub. L. 100-
            119, Title I, Sec. 106(e)(1), Sept. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 781; 
            Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. Sec. 13112(a)(10), 
            13207(a)(1)(E), 13303(d), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-608, 
            1388-617, 1388-626; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10112(a), 
            Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 686.)

       291  Sec. 643. Determinations and points of order
            (a) Budget Committee determinations
                For purposes of this subchapter and subchapter II, the 
            levels of new budget authority, outlays, direct spending, 
            new entitlement authority, and revenues for a fiscal year 
            shall be determined on the basis of estimates made by the 
            Committee on the Budget of the House of Representatives or 
            the Senate, as applicable.
            (b) Discretionary spending point of order in Senate
                (1) In general
                            Except as otherwise provided in this 
                        subsection, it shall not be in order in the 
                        Senate to consider any bill or resolution (or 
                        amendment, motion, or conference report on that 
                        bill or resolution) that would exceed any of the 
                        discretionary spending limits in section 251(c) 
                        of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit 
                        Control Act of 1985 [2 U.S.C. 901(c)].
                (2) Exceptions
                            This subsection shall not apply if a 
                        declaration of war by the Congress is in effect 
                        or if a joint resolution pursuant to section 258 
                        of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit 
                        Control Act of 1985 [2 U.S.C. 907a] has been 
                        enacted.
            (c) Maximum deficit amount point of order in Senate
                It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider any 
            concurrent resolution on the budget for a fiscal year, or to 
            consider any amendment to that concurrent resolution, or to 
            consider a conference report on that concurrent resolution, 
            if--
                            (1) the level of total outlays for the first 
                        fiscal year set forth in that concurrent 
                        resolution or conference report exceeds; or
                            (2) the adoption of that amendment would 
                        result in a level of total outlays for that 
                        fiscal year that exceeds;

            the recommended level of Federal revenues for that fiscal 
            year, by an amount that is greater than the maximum deficit 
            amount, if any, specified in the Balanced Budget and 
            Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 for that fiscal year.

            (d) Timing of points of order in Senate
                A point of order under this Act may not be raised 
            against a bill, resolution, amendment, motion, or conference 
            report while an amendment or motion, the adoption of which 
            would remedy the violation of this Act, is pending before 
            the Senate.

[[Page 268]]

            (e) Points of order in Senate against amendments between 
                Houses
                Each provision of this Act that establishes a point of 
            order against an amendment also establishes a point of order 
            in the Senate against an amendment between the Houses. If a 
            point of order under this Act is raised in the Senate 
            against an amendment between the Houses and the point of 
            order is sustained, the effect shall be the same as if the 
            Senate had disagreed to the amendment.
            (f) Effect of point of order in Senate
                In the Senate, if a point of order under this Act 
            against a bill or resolution is sustained, the Presiding 
            Officer shall then recommit the bill or resolution to the 
            committee of appropriate jurisdiction for further 
            consideration. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 312, as 
            added Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. 13207(b)(1), Nov. 5, 
            1990, 104 Stat. 1388-618, and amended Pub. L. 105-33, Title 
            X, Sec. 10113(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 687.)
       292  Sec. 644. Extraneous matter in reconciliation legislation
            (a) In general
                When the Senate is considering a reconciliation bill or 
            a reconciliation resolution pursuant to section 641 of this 
            title (whether that bill or resolution originated in the 
            Senate or the House) or section 907d of this title, upon a 
            point of order being made by any Senator against material 
            extraneous to the instructions to a committee which is 
            contained in any title or provision of the bill or 
            resolution or offered as an amendment to the bill or 
            resolution, and the point of order is sustained by the 
            Chair, any part of said title or provision that contains 
            material extraneous to the instructions to said Committee as 
            defined in subsection (b) shall be deemed stricken from the 
            bill and may not be offered as an amendment from the floor.
            (b) Extraneous provisions
                (1)(A) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a provision 
            of a reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution 
            considered pursuant to section 641 of this title shall be 
            considered extraneous if such provision does not produce a 
            change in outlays or revenues, including changes in outlays 
            and revenues brought about by changes in the terms and 
            conditions under which outlays are made or revenues are 
            required to be collected (but a provision in which outlay 
            decreases or revenue increases exactly offset outlay 
            increases or revenue decreases shall not be considered 
            extraneous by virtue of this subparagraph); (B) any 
            provision producing an increase in outlays or decrease in 
            revenues shall be considered extraneous if the net effect of 
            provisions reported by the committee reporting the title 
            containing the provision is that the committee fails to 
            achieve its reconciliation instructions; (C) a provision 
            that is not in the jurisdiction of the committee with 
            jurisdiction over said title or provision shall be 
            considered extraneous; (D) a provision shall be considered 
            extraneous if it produces changes in outlays or revenues 
            which are merely incidental to the non-budgetary components 
            of the provision; (E) a provision shall be considered to be 
            extraneous if it increases, or would increase, net outlays, 
            or if it decreases, or would decrease, revenues during a 
            fiscal year after the fiscal years covered by such 
            reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution, and such 
            increases or decreases are greater than outlay

[[Page 269]]

            reductions or revenue increases resulting from other 
            provisions in such title in such year; and (F) a provision 
            shall be considered extraneous if it violates section 641(g) 
            of this title.
                (2) A Senate-originated provision shall not be 
            considered extraneous under paragraph (1)(A) if the Chairman 
            and Ranking Minority Member of the Committee on the Budget 
            and the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member of the 
            Committee which reported the provision certify that: (A) the 
            provision mitigates direct effects clearly attributable to a 
            provision changing outlays or revenues and both provisions 
            together produce a net reduction in the deficit; (B) the 
            provision will result in a substantial reduction in outlays 
            or a substantial increase in revenues during fiscal years 
            after the fiscal years covered by the reconciliation bill or 
            reconciliation resolution; (C) a reduction of outlays or an 
            increase in revenues is likely to occur as a result of the 
            provision, in the event of new regulations authorized by the 
            provision or likely to be proposed, court rulings on pending 
            litigation, or relationships between economic indices and 
            stipulated statutory triggers pertaining to the provision, 
            other than the regulations, court rulings or relationships 
            currently projected by the Congressional Budget Office for 
            scorekeeping purposes; or (D) such provision will be likely 
            to produce a significant reduction in outlays or increase in 
            revenues but, due to insufficient data, such reduction or 
            increase cannot be reliably estimated.
                (3) A provision reported by a committee shall not be 
            considered extraneous under paragraph (1)(C) if (A) the 
            provision is an integral part of a provision or title, which 
            if introduced as a bill or resolution would be referred to 
            such committee, and the provision sets forth the procedure 
            to carry out or implement the substantive provisions that 
            were reported and which fall within the jurisdiction of such 
            committee; or (B) the provision states an exception to, or a 
            special application of, the general provision or title of 
            which it is a part and such general provision or title if 
            introduced as a bill or resolution would be referred to such 
            committee.
            (c) Extraneous materials
                Upon the reporting or discharge of a reconciliation bill 
            or resolution pursuant to section 641 of this title in the 
            Senate, and again upon the submission of a conference report 
            on such a reconciliation bill or resolution, the Committee 
            on the Budget of the Senate shall submit for the record a 
            list of material considered to be extraneous under 
            subsections (b)(1)(A), (b)(1)(B), and (b)(1)(E) of this 
            section to the instructions of a committee as provided in 
            this section. The inclusion or exclusion of a provision 
            shall not constitute a determination of extraneousness by 
            the Presiding Officer of the Senate.
            (d) Conference reports
                When the Senate is considering a conference report on, 
            or an amendment between the Houses in relation to, a 
            reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution pursuant to 
            section 641 of this title, upon--
                            (1) a point of order being made by any 
                        Senator against extraneous material meeting the 
                        definition of subsections (b)(1)(A), (b)(1)(B), 
                        (b)(1)(D), (b)(1)(E), or (b)(1)(F), and
                            (2) such point of order being sustained,

            such material contained in such conference report or 
            amendment shall be deemed stricken, and the Senate shall 
            proceed, without intervening

[[Page 270]]

            action or motion, to consider the question of whether the 
            Senate shall recede from its amendment and concur with a 
            further amendment, or concur in the House amendment with a 
            further amendment, as the case may be, which further 
            amendment shall consist of only that portion of the 
            conference report or House amendment, as the case may be, 
            not so stricken. Any such motion in the Senate shall be 
            debatable for two hours. In any case in which such point of 
            order is sustained against a conference report (or Senate 
            amendment derived from such conference report by operation 
            of this subsection), no further amendment shall be in order.

            (e) General point of order
                Notwithstanding any other law or rule of the Senate, it 
            shall be in order for a Senator to raise a single point of 
            order that several provisions of a bill, resolution, 
            amendment, motion, or conference report violate this 
            section. The Presiding Officer may sustain the point of 
            order as to some or all of the provisions against which the 
            Senator raised the point of order. If the Presiding Officer 
            so sustains the point of order as to some of the provisions 
            (including provisions of an amendment, motion, or conference 
            report) against which the Senator raised the point of order, 
            then only those provisions (including provisions of an 
            amendment, motion, or conference report) against which the 
            Presiding Officer sustains the point of order shall be 
            deemed stricken pursuant to this section. Before the 
            Presiding Officer rules on such a point of order, any 
            Senator may move to waive such a point of order as it 
            applies to some or all of the provisions against which the 
            point of order was raised. Such a motion to waive is 
            amendable in accordance with the rules and precedents of the 
            Senate. After the Presiding Officer rules on such a point of 
            order, any Senator may appeal the ruling of the Presiding 
            Officer on such a point of order as it applies to some or 
            all of the provisions on which the Presiding Officer ruled. 
            (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, Sec. 313, as added and amended 
            Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, Sec. 13214(a)-(b)(4), Nov. 5, 
            1990, 104 Stat. 1388-621, 1388-622; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, 
            Sec. 10113(b)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 688.)
       293  Sec. 645. Adjustments
            (a) Adjustments
                After the reporting of a bill or joint resolution or the 
            offering of an amendment thereto or the submission of a 
            conference report thereon, the chairman of the Committee on 
            the Budget of the House of Representatives or the Senate may 
            make appropriate budgetary adjustments of new budget 
            authority and the outlays flowing therefrom in the same 
            amount as required by section 901(b) of this title.
            (b) Application of adjustments
                The adjustments made pursuant to subsection (a) for 
            legislation shall--
                            (1) apply while that legislation is under 
                        consideration;
                            (2) take effect upon the enactment of that 
                        legislation; and
                            (3) be published in the Congressional Record 
                        as soon as practicable.

[[Page 271]]

            (c) Reporting revised suballocations
                Following any adjustment made under subsection (a), the 
            Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives may report appropriately revised 
            suballocations under section 633(b) of this title to carry 
            out this section.
            (d) Emergencies in the House of Representatives
                            (1) In the House of Representatives, if a 
                        reported bill or joint resolution, or amendment 
                        thereto or conference report thereon, contains a 
                        provision providing new budget authority and 
                        outlays or reducing revenue, and a designation 
                        of such provision as an emergency requirement 
                        pursuant to 901(b)(2)(A) of this title, the 
                        chair of the Committee on the Budget of the 
                        House of Representatives shall not count the 
                        budgetary effects of such provision for purposes 
                        of this subchapter and subchapter II and the 
                        Rules of the House of Representatives.
                            (2)(A) In the House of Representatives, a 
                        proposal to strike a designation under paragraph 
                        (1) shall be excluded from an evaluation of 
                        budgetary effects for purposes of this 
                        subchapter and subchapter II and the Rules of 
                        the House of Representatives.
                              (B) An amendment offered under 
                              subparagraph (A) that also proposes to 
                              reduce each amount appropriated or 
                              otherwise made available by the pending 
                              measure that is not required to be 
                              appropriated or otherwise made available 
                              shall be in order at any point in the 
                              reading of the pending measure.
                  
            (e) Senate point of order against an emergency designation
                            (1) In general
                When the Senate is considering a bill, resolution, 
            amendment, motion, amendment between the Houses, or 
            conference report, if a point of order is made by a Senator 
            against an emergency designation in that measure, that 
            provision making such a designation shall be stricken from 
            the measure and may not be offered as an amendment from the 
            floor.
                            (2) Supermajority waiver and appeals

                                        (A) Waiver

                                                Paragraph (1) may be 
                                            waived or suspended in the 
                                            Senate only by an 
                                            affirmative vote of three-
                                            fifths of the Members, duly 
                                            chosen and sworn.

                                        (B) Appeals

                                                Appeals in the Senate 
                                            from the decisions of the 
                                            Chair relating to any 
                                            provision of this subsection 
                                            shall be limited to 1 hour, 
                                            to be equally divided 
                                            between, and controlled by, 
                                            the appellant and the 
                                            manager of the bill or joint 
                                            resolution, as the case may 
                                            be. An affirmative vote of 
                                            three-fifths of the Members 
                                            of the Senate, duly chosen 
                                            and sworn, shall be required 
                                            to sustain an appeal of the 
                                            ruling of the Chair on a 
                                            point of order raised under 
                                            this subsection.

                            (3) Definition of an emergency designation
                For purposes of paragraph (1), a provision shall be 
            considered an emergency designation if it designates any 
            item pursuant to section 901(b)(2)(A)(i) of this title.

[[Page 272]]

                            (4) Form of the point of order
                A point of order under paragraph (1) may be raised by a 
            Senator as provided in section 644(e) of this title.
                            (5) Conference reports
                When the Senate is considering a conference report on, 
            or an amendment between the Houses in relation to, a bill, 
            upon a point of order being made by any Senator pursuant to 
            this section, and such point of order being sustained, such 
            material contained in such conference report shall be deemed 
            stricken, and the Senate shall proceed to consider the 
            question of whether the Senate shall recede from its 
            amendment and concur with a further amendment, or concur in 
            the House amendment with a further amendment, as the case 
            may be, which further amendment shall consist of only that 
            portion of the conference report or House amendment, as the 
            case may be, not so stricken. Any such motion in the Senate 
            shall be debatable. In any case in which such point of order 
            is sustained against a conference report (or Senate 
            amendment derived from such conference report by operation 
            of this subsection), no further amendment shall be in order.
            (f) Enforcement of discretionary spending caps
                It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives 
            or the Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, 
            amendment, motion, or conference report that would cause the 
            discretionary spending limits as set forth in section 901 of 
            this title to be exceeded.
            (g) Adjustment for reemployment services and eligibility 
                assessments
                            (1) In general

                                        (A) Adjustments

                                                If the Committee on 
                                            Appropriations of either 
                                            House reports an 
                                            appropriation measure for 
                                            any of fiscal years 2022 
                                            through 2027 that provides 
                                            budget authority for grants 
                                            under section 506 of title 
                                            42, or if a conference 
                                            committee submits a 
                                            conference report thereon, 
                                            the chairman of the 
                                            Committee on the Budget of 
                                            the House of Representatives 
                                            or the Senate shall make the 
                                            adjustments referred to in 
                                            subparagraph (B) to reflect 
                                            the additional new budget 
                                            authority provided for such 
                                            grants in that measure or 
                                            conference report and the 
                                            outlays resulting therefrom, 
                                            consistent with subparagraph 
                                            (D).

                                        (B) Types of adjustments

                                                The adjustments referred 
                                            to in this subparagraph 
                                            consist of adjustments to--

                                          (i) the discretionary spending 
                                    limits for that fiscal year as set 
                                    forth in the most recently adopted 
                                    concurrent resolution on the budget;

                                          (ii) the allocations to the 
                                    Committees on Appropriations of the 
                                    Senate and the House of 
                                    Representatives for that fiscal year 
                                    under section 633(a) of this title; 
                                    and

                                          (iii) the appropriate budget 
                                    aggregates for that fiscal year in 
                                    the most recently adopted concurrent 
                                    resolution on the budget.

[[Page 273]]

                                        (C) Enforcement

                                                The adjusted 
                                            discretionary spending 
                                            limits, allocations, and 
                                            aggregates under this 
                                            paragraph shall be 
                                            considered the appropriate 
                                            limits, allocations, and 
                                            aggregates for purposes of 
                                            congressional enforcement of 
                                            this Act and concurrent 
                                            budget resolutions under 
                                            this Act.

                                        (D) Limitation

                                                No adjustment may be 
                                            made under this subsection 
                                            in excess of--

                                          (i) for fiscal year 2022, 
                                    $133,000,000;

                                          (ii) for fiscal year 2023, 
                                    $258,000,000;

                                          (iii) for fiscal year 2024, 
                                    $433,000,000;

                                          (iv) for fiscal year 2025, 
                                    $533,000,000;

                                          (v) for fiscal year 2026, 
                                    $608,000,000; and

                                          (vi) for fiscal year 2027, 
                                    $633,000,000.

                                        (E) Definition

                                                As used in this 
                                            subsection, the term 
                                            ``additional new budget 
                                            authority'' means the amount 
                                            provided for a fiscal year, 
                                            in excess of $117,000,000, 
                                            in an appropriation measure 
                                            or conference report (as the 
                                            case may be) and specified 
                                            to pay for grants to States 
                                            under section 506 of title 
                                            42.
                  
                            (2) Report on 633(b) level
                Following any adjustment made under paragraph (1), the 
            Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives may report appropriately revised 
            suballocations pursuant to section 633(b) of this title to 
            carry out this subsection. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title III, 
            Sec. 314, as added Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10114(a), 
            Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 688; amended Pub. L. 105-89, Title 
            II, Sec. 201(b)(2), Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2125; Pub. L. 
            112-25, Title I, Sec. 105(a), Aug. 2, 2011, 125 Stat. 246; 
            Pub. L. 112-78, Title V, Sec. 511, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 
            1291; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, Title I, Sec. 122(10), Dec. 
            26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1176; Pub. L. 115-123, div. C, Title II, 
            Sec. 30206(d), Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 131.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       294  Sec. 651. Budget-related legislation not subject to 
                appropriations
            (a) Controls on certain budget-related legislation not 
                subject to appropriations
                It shall not be in order in either the House of 
            Representatives or the Senate to consider any bill or joint 
            resolution (in the House of Representatives only, as 
            reported), amendment, motion, or conference report that 
            provides--
                            (1) new authority to enter into contracts 
                        under which the United States is obligated to 
                        make outlays;
                            (2) new authority to incur indebtedness 
                        (other than indebtedness incurred under chapter 
                        31 of title 31) for the repayment of which the 
                        United States is liable; or
                            (3) new credit authority;

            unless that bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or 
            conference report also provides that the new authority is to 
            be effective for any

[[Page 274]]

            fiscal year only to the extent or in the amounts provided in 
            advance in appropriation Acts.

            (b) Legislation providing new entitlement authority
                (1) Point of order.--It shall not be in order in either 
            the House of Representatives or the Senate to consider any 
            bill or joint resolution (in the House of Representatives 
            only, as reported), amendment, motion, or conference report 
            that provides new entitlement authority that is to become 
            effective during the current fiscal year.
                (2) If any committee of the House of Representatives or 
            the Senate reports any bill or resolution which provides new 
            entitlement authority which is to become effective during a 
            fiscal year and the amount of new budget authority which 
            will be required for such fiscal year if such bill or 
            resolution is enacted as so reported exceeds the appropriate 
            allocation of new budget authority reported under section 
            633(a) of this title in connection with the most recently 
            agreed to concurrent resolution on the budget for such 
            fiscal year, such bill or resolution shall then be referred 
            to the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate or may then 
            be referred to the Committee on Appropriations of the House, 
            as the case may be, with instructions to report it, with the 
            committee's recommendations, within 15 calendar days (not 
            counting any day on which that House is not in session) 
            beginning with the day following the day on which it is so 
            referred. If the Committee on Appropriations of either House 
            fails to report a bill or resolution referred to it under 
            this paragraph within such 15-day period, the committee 
            shall automatically be discharged from further consideration 
            of such bill or resolution and such bill or resolution shall 
            be placed on the appropriate calendar.
                (3) The Committee on Appropriations of each House shall 
            have jurisdiction to report any bill or resolution referred 
            to it under paragraph (2) with an amendment which limits the 
            total amount of new spending authority provided in such bill 
            or resolution.
            (c) Exceptions
                (1) Subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply to new 
            authority described in those subsections if outlays from 
            that new authority will flow--
                            (A) from a trust fund established by the 
                        Social Security Act (as in effect on July 12, 
                        1974) [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.]; or
                            (B) from any other trust fund, 90 percent or 
                        more of the receipts of which consist or will 
                        consist of amounts (transferred from the general 
                        fund of the Treasury) equivalent to amounts of 
                        taxes (related to the purposes for which such 
                        outlays are or will be made) received in the 
                        Treasury under specified provisions of the 
                        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 1 et 
                        seq.].
                (2) Subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply to new 
            authority described in those subsections to the extent 
            that--
                            (A) the outlays resulting therefrom are made 
                        by an organization which is (i) a mixed-
                        ownership Government corporation (as defined in 
                        section 9101(2) of title 31), or (ii) a wholly 
                        owned Government corporation (as defined in 
                        section 9101(3) of title 31) which is 
                        specifically exempted by law from compliance 
                        with any or all of the provisions of chapter 91 
                        of title 31, as of December 12, 1985; or
                            (B) the outlays resulting therefrom consist 
                        exclusively of the proceeds of gifts or bequests 
                        made to the United States for a specific 
                        purpose.

[[Page 275]]

                (3) In the House of Representatives, subsections (a) and 
            (b) shall not apply to new authority described in those 
            subsections to the extent that a provision in a bill or 
            joint resolution, or an amendment thereto or a conference 
            report thereon, establishes prospectively for a Federal 
            office or position a specified or minimum level of 
            compensation to be funded by annual discretionary 
            appropriations. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title IV, Sec. 401, July 
            12, 1974, 88 Stat. 317; Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 211, 
            Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1056; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 
            22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
            Sec. 13207(a)(1)(F), (G), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-617, 
            1388-618; Pub. L. 105-33, Title X, Sec. 10116(a)(1)-(5), 
            Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 690, 691; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, 
            Title I, Sec. 122(12), (13), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1176.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                              Part B.--Federal Mandates

       295  Sec. 658. Definitions
                For purposes of this part:
                            (1) Agency

                                The term ``agency'' has the same meaning 
                            as defined in section 551(1) of title 5, but 
                            does not include independent regulatory 
                            agencies.

                            (2) Amount

                                The term ``amount'', with respect to an 
                            authorization of appropriations for Federal 
                            financial assistance, means the amount of 
                            budget authority for any Federal grant 
                            assistance program or any Federal program 
                            providing loan guarantees or direct loans.

                            (3) Direct costs

                                The term ``direct costs''--

                                        (A)(i) in the case of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate, means the 
                                    aggregate estimated amounts that all 
                                    State, local, and tribal governments 
                                    would be required to spend or would 
                                    be prohibited from raising in 
                                    revenues in order to comply with the 
                                    Federal intergovernmental mandate; 
                                    or

                                        (ii) in the case of a provision 
                                    referred to in paragraph (5)(A)(ii), 
                                    means the amount of Federal 
                                    financial assistance eliminated or 
                                    reduced;

                                        (B) in the case of a Federal 
                                    private sector mandate, means the 
                                    aggregate estimated amounts that the 
                                    private sector will be required to 
                                    spend in order to comply with the 
                                    Federal private sector mandate;

                                        (C) shall be determined on the 
                                    assumption that--

                                                (i) State, local, and 
                                            tribal governments, and the 
                                            private sector will take all 
                                            reasonable steps necessary 
                                            to mitigate the costs 
                                            resulting from the Federal 
                                            mandate, and will comply 
                                            with applicable standards of 
                                            practice and conduct 
                                            established by recognized 
                                            professional or trade 
                                            associations; and
                                                (ii) reasonable steps to 
                                            mitigate the costs shall not 
                                            include increases in State, 
                                            local, or tribal taxes or 
                                            fees; and

                                        (D) shall not include--

[[Page 276]]

                                                (i) estimated amounts 
                                            that the State, local, and 
                                            tribal governments (in the 
                                            case of a Federal 
                                            intergovernmental mandate) 
                                            or the private sector (in 
                                            the case of a Federal 
                                            private sector mandate) 
                                            would spend--
                                                  (I) to comply with or 
                                            carry out all applicable 
                                            Federal, State, local, and 
                                            tribal laws and regulations 
                                            in effect at the time of the 
                                            adoption of the Federal 
                                            mandate for the same 
                                            activity as is affected by 
                                            that Federal mandate; or
                                                  (II) to comply with or 
                                            carry out State, local, and 
                                            tribal governmental 
                                            programs, or private-sector 
                                            business or other activities 
                                            in effect at the time of the 
                                            adoption of the Federal 
                                            mandate for the same 
                                            activity as is affected by 
                                            that mandate; or
                                                (ii) expenditures to the 
                                            extent that such 
                                            expenditures will be offset 
                                            by any direct savings to the 
                                            State, local, and tribal 
                                            governments, or by the 
                                            private sector, as a result 
                                            of--
                                                  (I) compliance with 
                                            the Federal mandate; or
                                                  (II) other changes in 
                                            Federal law or regulation 
                                            that are enacted or adopted 
                                            in the same bill or joint 
                                            resolution or proposed or 
                                            final Federal regulation and 
                                            that govern the same 
                                            activity as is affected by 
                                            the Federal mandate.

                            (4) Direct savings

                                The term ``direct savings'', when used 
                            with respect to the result of compliance 
                            with the Federal mandate--

                                        (A) in the case of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate, means the 
                                    aggregate estimated reduction in 
                                    costs to any State, local, or tribal 
                                    government as a result of compliance 
                                    with the Federal intergovernmental 
                                    mandate; and

                                        (B) in the case of a Federal 
                                    private sector mandate, means the 
                                    aggregate estimated reduction in 
                                    costs to the private sector as a 
                                    result of compliance with the 
                                    Federal private sector mandate.

                            (5) Federal intergovernmental mandate

                                The term ``Federal intergovernmental 
                            mandate'' means--

                                        (A) any provision in 
                                    legislation, statute, or regulation 
                                    that--

                                                (i) would impose an 
                                            enforceable duty upon State, 
                                            local, or tribal 
                                            governments, except--
                                                  (I) a condition of 
                                            Federal assistance; or
                                                  (II) a duty arising 
                                            from participation in a 
                                            voluntary Federal program, 
                                            except as provided in 
                                            subparagraph (B); or
                                                (ii) would reduce or 
                                            eliminate the amount of 
                                            authorization of 
                                            appropriations for--
                                                  (I) Federal financial 
                                            assistance that would be 
                                            provided to State, local, or 
                                            tribal governments for the 
                                            purpose of complying with 
                                            any such previously imposed 
                                            duty unless such duty is 
                                            reduced or eliminated by a 
                                            corresponding amount; or
                                                  (II) the control of 
                                            borders by the Federal 
                                            Government; or reimbursement 
                                            to State, local, or tribal 
                                            govern

[[Page 277]]

                                            ments for the net cost 
                                            associated with illegal, 
                                            deportable, and excludable 
                                            aliens, including court-
                                            mandated expenses related to 
                                            emergency health care, 
                                            education or criminal 
                                            justice; when such a 
                                            reduction or elimination 
                                            would result in increased 
                                            net costs to State, local, 
                                            or tribal governments in 
                                            providing education or 
                                            emergency health care to, or 
                                            incarceration of, illegal 
                                            aliens; except that this 
                                            subclause shall not be in 
                                            effect with respect to a 
                                            State, local, or tribal 
                                            government, to the extent 
                                            that such government has not 
                                            fully cooperated in the 
                                            efforts of the Federal 
                                            Government to locate, 
                                            apprehend, and deport 
                                            illegal aliens;

                                        (B) any provision in 
                                    legislation, statute, or regulation 
                                    that relates to a then-existing 
                                    Federal program under which 
                                    $500,000,000 or more is provided 
                                    annually to State, local, and tribal 
                                    governments under entitlement 
                                    authority, if the provision--

                                                (i)(I) would increase 
                                            the stringency of conditions 
                                            of assistance to State, 
                                            local, or tribal governments 
                                            under the program; or
                                                (II) would place caps 
                                            upon, or otherwise decrease, 
                                            the Federal Government's 
                                            responsibility to provide 
                                            funding to State, local, or 
                                            tribal governments under the 
                                            program; and
                                                (ii) the State, local, 
                                            or tribal governments that 
                                            participate in the Federal 
                                            program lack authority under 
                                            that program to amend their 
                                            financial or programmatic 
                                            responsibilities to continue 
                                            providing required services 
                                            that are affected by the 
                                            legislation, statute, or 
                                            regulation.

                            (6) Federal mandate

                                The term ``Federal mandate'' means a 
                            Federal intergovernmental mandate or a 
                            Federal private sector mandate, as defined 
                            in paragraphs (5) and (7).

                            (7) Federal private sector mandate

                                The term ``Federal private sector 
                            mandate'' means any provision in 
                            legislation, statute, or regulation that--

                                        (A) would impose an enforceable 
                                    duty upon the private sector 
                                    except--

                                                (i) a condition of 
                                            Federal assistance; or
                                                (ii) a duty arising from 
                                            participation in a voluntary 
                                            Federal program; or

                                        (B) would reduce or eliminate 
                                    the amount of authorization of 
                                    appropriations for Federal financial 
                                    assistance that will be provided to 
                                    the private sector for the purposes 
                                    of ensuring compliance with such 
                                    duty.

                            (8) Local government

                                The term ``local government'' has the 
                            same meaning as defined in section 6501(6) 
                            of title 31.

                            (9) Private sector

                                The term ``private sector'' means all 
                            persons or entities in the United States, 
                            including individuals, partnerships, associa

[[Page 278]]

                            tions, corporations, and educational and 
                            nonprofit institutions, but shall not 
                            include State, local, or tribal governments.

                            (10) Regulation; rule

                                The term ``regulation'' or ``rule'' 
                            (except with respect to a rule of either 
                            House of the Congress) has the meaning of 
                            ``rule'' as defined in section 601(2) of 
                            title 5.

                            (11) Small government

                                The term ``small government'' means any 
                            small governmental jurisdictions defined in 
                            section 601(5) of title 5 and any tribal 
                            government.

                            (12) State

                                The term ``State'' has the same meaning 
                            as defined in section 6501(9) of title 31.

                            (13) Tribal government

                                The term ``tribal government'' means any 
                            Indian tribe, band, nation, or other 
                            organized group or community, including any 
                            Alaska Native village or regional or village 
                            corporation as defined in or established 
                            pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims 
                            Settlement Act (85 Stat. 688; 43 U.S.C. 1601 
                            et seq.) which is recognized as eligible for 
                            the special programs and services provided 
                            by the United States to Indians because of 
                            their special status as Indians. (Pub. L. 
                            93-344, Title IV, Sec. 421, as added Pub. L. 
                            104-4, Title I, Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 
                            1995, 109 Stat. 50; amended Pub. L. 113-67, 
                            div. A, Title I, Sec. 122(14), Dec. 26, 
                            2013, 127 Stat. 1176.)

       296  Sec. 658a. Exclusions
                This part shall not apply to any provision in a bill, 
            joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report 
            before Congress that--
                            (1) enforces constitutional rights of 
                        individuals;
                            (2) establishes or enforces any statutory 
                        rights that prohibit discrimination on the basis 
                        of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, 
                        age, handicap, or disability;
                            (3) requires compliance with accounting and 
                        auditing procedures with respect to grants or 
                        other money or property provided by the Federal 
                        Government;
                            (4) provides for emergency assistance or 
                        relief at the request of any State, local, or 
                        tribal government or any official of a State, 
                        local, or tribal government;
                            (5) is necessary for the national security 
                        or the ratification or implementation of 
                        international treaty obligations;
                            (6) the President designates as emergency 
                        legislation and that the Congress so designates 
                        in statute; or
                            (7) relates to the old-age, survivors, and 
                        disability insurance program under title II of 
                        the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.] 
                        (including taxes imposed by sections 3101(a) and 
                        3111(a) of title 26 (relating to old-age, 
                        survivors, and disability insurance)). (Pub. L. 
                        93-344, Title IV, Sec. 422, as added Pub. L. 
                        104-4, Title I, Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 1995, 
                        109 Stat. 53.)

[[Page 279]]

       297  Sec. 658b. Duties of Congressional committees
            (a) In general
                When a committee of authorization of the Senate or the 
            House of Representatives reports a bill or joint resolution 
            of public character that includes any Federal mandate, the 
            report of the committee accompanying the bill or joint 
            resolution shall contain the information required by 
            subsections (c) and (d).
            (b) Submission of bills to Director
                When a committee of authorization of the Senate or the 
            House of Representatives orders reported a bill or joint 
            resolution of a public character, the committee shall 
            promptly provide the bill or joint resolution to the 
            Director of the Congressional Budget Office and shall 
            identify to the Director any Federal mandates contained in 
            the bill or resolution.
            (c) Reports on Federal mandates
                Each report described under subsection (a) shall 
            contain--
                            (1) an identification and description of any 
                        Federal mandates in the bill or joint 
                        resolution, including the direct costs to State, 
                        local, and tribal governments, and to the 
                        private sector, required to comply with the 
                        Federal mandates;
                            (2) a qualitative, and if practicable, a 
                        quantitative assessment of costs and benefits 
                        anticipated from the Federal mandates (including 
                        the effects on health and safety and the 
                        protection of the natural environment); and
                            (3) a statement of the degree to which a 
                        Federal mandate affects both the public and 
                        private sectors and the extent to which Federal 
                        payment of public sector costs or the 
                        modification or termination of the Federal 
                        mandate as provided under section 658d(a)(2) of 
                        this title would affect the competitive balance 
                        between State, local, or tribal governments and 
                        the private sector including a description of 
                        the actions, if any, taken by the committee to 
                        avoid any adverse impact on the private sector 
                        or the competitive balance between the public 
                        sector and the private sector.
            (d) Intergovernmental mandates
                If any of the Federal mandates in the bill or joint 
            resolution are Federal intergovernmental mandates, the 
            report required under subsection (a) shall also contain--
                            (1)(A) a statement of the amount, if any, of 
                        increase or decrease in authorization of 
                        appropriations under existing Federal financial 
                        assistance programs, or of authorization of 
                        appropriations for new Federal financial 
                        assistance, provided by the bill or joint 
                        resolution and usable for activities of State, 
                        local, or tribal governments subject to the 
                        Federal intergovernmental mandates;
                            (B) a statement of whether the committee 
                        intends that the Federal intergovernmental 
                        mandates be partly or entirely unfunded, and if 
                        so, the reasons for that intention; and
                            (C) if funded in whole or in part, a 
                        statement of whether and how the committee has 
                        created a mechanism to allocate the funding in a 
                        manner that is reasonably consistent with the 
                        expected direct costs among and between the 
                        respective levels of State, local, and tribal 
                        government;

[[Page 280]]

                            (2) any existing sources of Federal 
                        assistance in addition to those identified in 
                        paragraph (1) that may assist State, local, and 
                        tribal governments in meeting the direct costs 
                        of the Federal intergovernmental mandates; and
                            (3) if the bill or joint resolution would 
                        make the reduction specified in section 
                        658(5)(B)(i)(II) of this title, a statement of 
                        how the committee specifically intends the 
                        States to implement the reduction and to what 
                        extent the legislation provides additional 
                        flexibility, if any, to offset the reduction.
            (e) Preemption clarification and information
                When a committee of authorization of the Senate or the 
            House of Representatives reports a bill or joint resolution 
            of public character, the committee report accompanying the 
            bill or joint resolution shall contain, if relevant to the 
            bill or joint resolution, an explicit statement on the 
            extent to which the bill or joint resolution is intended to 
            preempt any State, local, or tribal law, and, if so, an 
            explanation of the effect of such preemption.
            (f) Publication of statement from Director
                (1) In general
                            Upon receiving a statement from the Director 
                        under section 658c of this title, a committee of 
                        the Senate or the House of Representatives shall 
                        publish the statement in the committee report 
                        accompanying the bill or joint resolution to 
                        which the statement relates if the statement is 
                        available at the time the report is printed.
                (2) Other publication of statement of Director
                            If the statement is not published in the 
                        report, or if the bill or joint resolution to 
                        which the statement relates is expected to be 
                        considered by the Senate or the House of 
                        Representatives before the report is published, 
                        the committee shall cause the statement, or a 
                        summary thereof, to be published in the 
                        Congressional Record in advance of floor 
                        consideration of the bill or joint resolution. 
                        (Pub. L. 93-344, Title IV, Sec. 423, as added 
                        Pub. L. 104-4, Title I, Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 
                        1995, 109 Stat. 53; amended Pub. L. 106-141, 
                        Sec. 2(a), Dec. 7, 1999, 113 Stat. 1699.)
       298  Sec. 658c. Duties of Director; statements on bills and joint 
                resolutions other than appropriations bills and joint 
                resolutions
            (a) Federal intergovernmental mandates in reported bills and 
                resolutions
                For each bill or joint resolution of a public character 
            reported by any committee of authorization of the Senate or 
            the House of Representatives, the Director of the 
            Congressional Budget Office shall prepare and submit to the 
            committee a statement as follows:
                            (1) Contents

                                If the Director estimates that the 
                            direct cost of all Federal intergovernmental 
                            mandates in the bill or joint resolution 
                            will equal or exceed $50,000,000 (adjusted 
                            annually for inflation) in the fiscal year 
                            in which any Federal intergovernmental 
                            mandate in the bill or joint resolution (or 
                            in any necessary implementing regulation) 
                            would first be effective or in any of the 4 
                            fiscal years following such fiscal year, the 
                            Director shall so

[[Page 281]]

                            state, specify the estimate, and briefly 
                            explain the basis of the estimate.

                            (2) Estimates

                                Estimates required under paragraph (1) 
                            shall include estimates (and brief 
                            explanations of the basis of the estimates) 
                            of--

                                        (A) the total amount of direct 
                                    cost of complying with the Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandates in the 
                                    bill or joint resolution;

                                        (B) if the bill or resolution 
                                    contains an authorization of 
                                    appropriations under section 
                                    658d(a)(2)(B) of this title, the 
                                    amount of new budget authority for 
                                    each fiscal year for a period not to 
                                    exceed 10 years beyond the effective 
                                    date necessary for the direct cost 
                                    of the intergovernmental mandate; 
                                    and

                                        (C) the amount, if any, of 
                                    increase in authorization of 
                                    appropriations under existing 
                                    Federal financial assistance 
                                    programs, or of authorization of 
                                    appropriations for new Federal 
                                    financial assistance, provided by 
                                    the bill or joint resolution and 
                                    usable by State, local, or tribal 
                                    governments for activities subject 
                                    to the Federal intergovernmental 
                                    mandates.

                            (3) Additional flexibility information

                                The Director shall include in the 
                            statement submitted under this subsection, 
                            in the case of legislation that makes 
                            changes as described in section 
                            658(5)(B)(i)(II) of this title--

                                        (A) if no additional flexibility 
                                    is provided in the legislation, a 
                                    description of whether and how the 
                                    States can offset the reduction 
                                    under existing law; or

                                        (B) if additional flexibility is 
                                    provided in the legislation, whether 
                                    the resulting savings would offset 
                                    the reductions in that program 
                                    assuming the States fully implement 
                                    that additional flexibility.

                            (4) Estimate not feasible

                                If the Director determines that it is 
                            not feasible to make a reasonable estimate 
                            that would be required under paragraphs (1) 
                            and (2), the Director shall not make the 
                            estimate, but shall report in the statement 
                            that the reasonable estimate cannot be made 
                            and shall include the reasons for that 
                            determination in the statement. If such 
                            determination is made by the Director, a 
                            point of order under this part shall lie 
                            only under section 658d(a)(1) of this title 
                            and as if the requirement of section 
                            658d(a)(1) of this title had not been met.

            (b) Federal private sector mandates in reported bills and 
                joint resolutions
                For each bill or joint resolution of a public character 
            reported by any committee of authorization of the Senate or 
            the House of Representatives, the Director of the 
            Congressional Budget Office shall prepare and submit to the 
            committee a statement as follows:
                            (1) Contents

                                If the Director estimates that the 
                            direct cost of all Federal private sector 
                            mandates in the bill or joint resolution 
                            will equal or exceed $100,000,000 (adjusted 
                            annually for inflation) in the

[[Page 282]]

                            fiscal year in which any Federal private 
                            sector mandate in the bill or joint 
                            resolution (or in any necessary implementing 
                            regulation) would first be effective or in 
                            any of the 4 fiscal years following such 
                            fiscal year, the Director shall so state, 
                            specify the estimate, and briefly explain 
                            the basis of the estimate.

                            (2) Estimates

                                Estimates required under paragraph (1) 
                            shall include estimates (and a brief 
                            explanation of the basis of the estimates) 
                            of--

                                        (A) the total amount of direct 
                                    costs of complying with the Federal 
                                    private sector mandates in the bill 
                                    or joint resolution; and

                                        (B) the amount, if any, of 
                                    increase in authorization of 
                                    appropriations under existing 
                                    Federal financial assistance 
                                    programs, or of authorization of 
                                    appropriations for new Federal 
                                    financial assistance, provided by 
                                    the bill or joint resolution usable 
                                    by the private sector for the 
                                    activities subject to the Federal 
                                    private sector mandates.

                            (3) Estimate not feasible

                                If the Director determines that it is 
                            not feasible to make a reasonable estimate 
                            that would be required under paragraphs (1) 
                            and (2), the Director shall not make the 
                            estimate, but shall report in the statement 
                            that the reasonable estimate cannot be made 
                            and shall include the reasons for that 
                            determination in the statement.

            (c) Legislation falling below direct costs thresholds
                If the Director estimates that the direct costs of a 
            Federal mandate will not equal or exceed the thresholds 
            specified in subsections (a) and (b), the Director shall so 
            state and shall briefly explain the basis of the estimate.
            (d) Amended bills and joint resolutions; conference reports
                If a bill or joint resolution is passed in an amended 
            form (including if passed by one House as an amendment in 
            the nature of a substitute for the text of a bill or joint 
            resolution from the other House) or is reported by a 
            committee of conference in amended form, and the amended 
            form contains a Federal mandate not previously considered by 
            either House or which contains an increase in the direct 
            cost of a previously considered Federal mandate, then the 
            committee of conference shall ensure, to the greatest extent 
            practicable, that the Director shall prepare a statement as 
            provided in this subsection or a supplemental statement for 
            the bill or joint resolution in that amended form. (Pub. L. 
            93-344, Title IV, Sec. 424, as added Pub. L. 104-4, Title I, 
            Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 55; amended Pub. L. 
            106-141, Sec. 2(b) Dec. 7, 1999, 113 Stat. 1699.)
       299  Sec. 658d. Legislation subject to point of order
            (a) In general \4\
                \4\ Section 3203 of S. Con. Res. 11 (114th Congress) 
                established that this point of order is subject to 
                waiver and appeal by supermajority vote. The resolution 
                states: ``Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 425(a) of 
                the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 658d(a)) 
                shall be subject to the waiver and appeal requirements 
                of subsections (c)(2) and (d)(3),respectively, of 
                section 904 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
                U.S.C. 621 note).''
                It shall not be in order in the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives to consider--

[[Page 283]]

                            (1) any bill or joint resolution that is 
                        reported by a committee unless the committee has 
                        published a statement of the Director on the 
                        direct costs of Federal mandates in accordance 
                        with section 658b(f) of this title before such 
                        consideration, except this paragraph shall not 
                        apply to any supplemental statement prepared by 
                        the Director under section 658c(d) of this 
                        title; and
                            (2) any bill, joint resolution, amendment, 
                        motion, or conference report that would increase 
                        the direct costs of Federal intergovernmental 
                        mandates by an amount that causes the thresholds 
                        specified in section 658c(a)(1) of this title to 
                        be exceeded, unless--

                                (A) the bill, joint resolution, 
                            amendment, motion, or conference report 
                            provides new budget authority or new 
                            entitlement authority in the House of 
                            Representatives or direct spending authority 
                            in the Senate for each fiscal year for such 
                            mandates included in the bill, joint 
                            resolution, amendment, motion, or conference 
                            report in an amount equal to or exceeding 
                            the direct costs of such mandate; or

                                (B) the bill, joint resolution, 
                            amendment, motion, or conference report 
                            includes an authorization for appropriations 
                            in an amount equal to or exceeding the 
                            direct costs of such mandate, and--

                                        (i) identifies a specific dollar 
                                    amount of the direct costs of such 
                                    mandate for each year up to 10 years 
                                    during which such mandate shall be 
                                    in effect under the bill, joint 
                                    resolution, amendment, motion or 
                                    conference report, and such estimate 
                                    is consistent with the estimate 
                                    determined under subsection (e) for 
                                    each fiscal year;

                                        (ii) identifies any 
                                    appropriation bill that is expected 
                                    to provide for Federal funding of 
                                    the direct cost referred to under 
                                    clause (i); and

                                        (iii)(I) provides that for any 
                                    fiscal year the responsible Federal 
                                    agency shall determine whether there 
                                    are insufficient appropriations for 
                                    that fiscal year to provide for the 
                                    direct costs under clause (i) of 
                                    such mandate, and shall (no later 
                                    than 30 days after the beginning of 
                                    the fiscal year) notify the 
                                    appropriate authorizing committees 
                                    of Congress of the determination and 
                                    submit either--

                                                (aa) a statement that 
                                            the agency has determined, 
                                            based on a re-estimate of 
                                            the direct costs of such 
                                            mandate, after consultation 
                                            with State, local, and 
                                            tribal governments, that the 
                                            amount appropriated is 
                                            sufficient to pay for the 
                                            direct costs of such 
                                            mandate; or
                                                (bb) legislative 
                                            recommendations for either 
                                            implementing a less costly 
                                            mandate or making such 
                                            mandate ineffective for the 
                                            fiscal year;

                                        (II) provides for expedited 
                                    procedures for the consideration of 
                                    the statement or legislative 
                                    recommendations referred to in 
                                    subclause (I) by Congress no later 
                                    than 30 days after the statement or 
                                    recommendations are submitted to 
                                    Congress; and

[[Page 284]]

                                        (III) provides that such mandate 
                                    shall--

                                                (aa) in the case of a 
                                            statement referred to in 
                                            subclause (I)(aa), cease to 
                                            be effective 60 days after 
                                            the statement is submitted 
                                            unless Congress has approved 
                                            the agency's determination 
                                            by joint resolution during 
                                            the 60-day period;
                                                (bb) cease to be 
                                            effective 60 days after the 
                                            date the legislative 
                                            recommendations of the 
                                            responsible Federal agency 
                                            are submitted to Congress 
                                            under subclause (I)(bb) 
                                            unless Congress provides 
                                            otherwise by law; or
                                                (cc) in the case that 
                                            such mandate that has not 
                                            yet taken effect, continue 
                                            not to be effective unless 
                                            Congress provides otherwise 
                                            by law.
            (b) Rule of construction
                The provisions of subsection (a)(2)(B)(iii) shall not be 
            construed to prohibit or otherwise restrict a State, local, 
            or tribal government from voluntarily electing to remain 
            subject to the original Federal intergovernmental mandate, 
            complying with the programmatic or financial 
            responsibilities of the original Federal intergovernmental 
            mandate and providing the funding necessary consistent with 
            the costs of Federal agency assistance, monitoring, and 
            enforcement.
            (c) Committee on Appropriations
                (1) Application
                            The provisions of subsection (a)--

                                (A) shall not apply to any bill or 
                            resolution reported by the Committee on 
                            Appropriations of the Senate or the House of 
                            Representatives; except

                                (B) shall apply to--

                                        (i) any legislative provision 
                                    increasing direct costs of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate contained 
                                    in any bill or resolution reported 
                                    by the Committee on Appropriations 
                                    of the Senate or House of 
                                    Representatives;

                                        (ii) any legislative provision 
                                    increasing direct costs of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate contained 
                                    in any amendment offered to a bill 
                                    or resolution reported by the 
                                    Committee on Appropriations of the 
                                    Senate or House of Representatives;

                                        (iii) any legislative provision 
                                    increasing direct costs of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate in a 
                                    conference report accompanying a 
                                    bill or resolution reported by the 
                                    Committee on Appropriations of the 
                                    Senate or House of Representatives; 
                                    and

                                        (iv) any legislative provision 
                                    increasing direct costs of a Federal 
                                    intergovernmental mandate contained 
                                    in any amendments in disagreement 
                                    between the two Houses to any bill 
                                    or resolution reported by the 
                                    Committee on Appropriations of the 
                                    Senate or House of Representatives.

                (2) Certain provisions stricken in Senate
                            Upon a point of order being made by any 
                        Senator against any provision listed in 
                        paragraph (1)(B), and the point of order being 
                        sustained by the Chair, such specific provision 
                        shall be deemed stricken from the bill, 
                        resolution, amendment, amendment in dis

[[Page 285]]

                        agreement, or conference report and may not be 
                        offered as an amendment from the floor.
            (d) Determinations of applicability to pending legislation
                For purposes of this section, in the Senate, the 
            presiding officer of the Senate shall consult with the 
            Committee on Governmental Affairs, to the extent 
            practicable, on questions concerning the applicability of 
            this part to a pending bill, joint resolution, amendment, 
            motion, or conference report.
            (e) Determinations of Federal mandate levels
                For purposes of this section, in the Senate, the levels 
            of Federal mandates for a fiscal year shall be determined 
            based on the estimates made by the Committee on the Budget. 
            (Pub. L. 93-344, Title IV, Sec. 425, as added Pub. L. 104-4, 
            Title I, Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 56.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       300  Sec. 658f. Requests to Congressional Budget Office from 
                Senators
                At the written request of a Senator, the Director shall, 
            to the extent practicable, prepare an estimate of the direct 
            costs of a Federal intergovernmental mandate contained in an 
            amendment of such Senator. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title IV, 
            Sec. 427, as added Pub. L. 104-4, Title I, Sec. 101(a)(2), 
            Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 59.)
       301  Sec. 658g. Clarification of application
            (a) In general
                This part applies to any bill, joint resolution, 
            amendment, motion, or conference report that reauthorizes 
            appropriations, or that amends existing authorizations of 
            appropriations, to carry out any statute, or that otherwise 
            amends any statute, only if enactment of the bill, joint 
            resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report--
                            (1) would result in a net reduction in or 
                        elimination of authorization of appropriations 
                        for Federal financial assistance that would be 
                        provided to State, local, or tribal governments 
                        for use for the purpose of complying with any 
                        Federal intergovernmental mandate, or to the 
                        private sector for use to comply with any 
                        Federal private sector mandate, and would not 
                        eliminate or reduce duties established by the 
                        Federal mandate by a corresponding amount; or
                            (2) would result in a net increase in the 
                        aggregate amount of direct costs of Federal 
                        intergovernmental mandates or Federal private 
                        sector mandates other than as described in 
                        paragraph (1).
            (b) Direct costs
                (1) In general
                            For purposes of this part, the direct cost 
                        of the Federal mandates in a bill, joint 
                        resolution, amendment, motion, or conference 
                        report that reauthorizes appropriations, or that 
                        amends existing authorizations of 
                        appropriations, to carry out a statute, or that 
                        otherwise amends any statute, means the net 
                        increase, resulting from enactment of the bill, 
                        joint resolution, amendment, motion, or 
                        conference report, in the amount described under 
                        paragraph (2)(A) over the amount described under 
                        paragraph (2)(B).

[[Page 286]]

                (2) Amounts
                            The amounts referred to under paragraph (1) 
                        are--

                                (A) the aggregate amount of direct costs 
                            of Federal mandates that would result under 
                            the statute if the bill, joint resolution, 
                            amendment, motion, or conference report is 
                            enacted; and

                                (B) the aggregate amount of direct costs 
                            of Federal mandates that would result under 
                            the statute if the bill, joint resolution, 
                            amendment, motion, or conference report were 
                            not enacted.

                (3) Extension of authorization of appropriations
                            For purposes of this section, in the case of 
                        legislation to extend authorization of 
                        appropriations, the authorization level that 
                        would be provided by the extension shall be 
                        compared to the authorization level for the last 
                        year in which authorization of appropriations is 
                        already provided. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title IV, 
                        Sec. 428, as added Pub. L. 104-4, Title I, 
                        Sec. 101(a)(2), Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 59.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                          Chapter 17B--IMPOUNDMENT CONTROL

            
                          Subchapter I.--General Provisions

       302  Sec. 681. Disclaimer.
                Nothing contained in this Act, or in any amendments made 
            by this Act, shall be construed as--
                            (1) asserting or conceding the 
                        constitutional powers or limitations of either 
                        the Congress or the President;
                            (2) ratifying or approving any impoundment 
                        heretofore or hereafter executed or approved by 
                        the President or any other Federal officer or 
                        employee, except insofar as pursuant to 
                        statutory authorization then in effect;
                            (3) affecting in any way the claims or 
                        defenses of any party to litigation concerning 
                        any impoundment; or
                            (4) superseding any provision of law which 
                        requires the obligation of budget authority or 
                        the making of outlays thereunder. (Pub. L. 93-
                        344, Title X, Sec. 1001, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 
                        332.)
            
              Subchapter II.--Congressional Consideration of Proposed 
            Recissions, Reservations, and Deferrals of Budget Authority

       303  Sec. 682. Definitions
                For purposes of sections 682 to 688 of this title--
                            (1) ``deferral of budget authority'' 
                        includes--

                                (A) withholding or delaying the 
                            obligation or expenditure of budget 
                            authority (whether by establishing reserves 
                            or otherwise) provided for projects or 
                            activities; or

                                (B) any other type of Executive action 
                            or inaction which effectively precludes the 
                            obligation or expenditure of budget 
                            authority, including authority to obligate 
                            by contract in advance of appropriations as 
                            specifically authorized by law;

                            (2) ``Comptroller General'' means the 
                        Comptroller General of the United States;
                            (3) ``rescission bill'' means a bill or 
                        joint resolution which only rescinds, in whole 
                        or in part, budget authority proposed to be 
                        rescinded in a special message transmitted by 
                        the President under

[[Page 287]]

                        section 683 of this title, and upon which the 
                        Congress completes action before the end of the 
                        first period of 45 calendar days of continuous 
                        session of the Congress after the date on which 
                        the President's message is received by the 
                        Congress;
                            (4) ``impoundment resolution'' means a 
                        resolution of the House of Representatives or 
                        the Senate which only expresses its disapproval 
                        of a proposed deferral of budget authority set 
                        forth in a special message transmitted by the 
                        President under section 684 of this title; and
                            (5) continuity of a session of the Congress 
                        shall be considered as broken only by an 
                        adjournment of the Congress sine die, and the 
                        days on which either House is not in session 
                        because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to 
                        a day certain shall be excluded in the 
                        computation of the 45-day period referred to in 
                        paragraph (3) of this section and in section 683 
                        of this title, and the 25-day periods referred 
                        to in sections 687 and 688(b)(1) of this title. 
                        If a special message is transmitted under 
                        section 683 of this title during any Congress 
                        and the last session of such Congress adjourns 
                        sine die before the expiration of 45 calendar 
                        days of continuous session (or a special message 
                        is so transmitted after the last session of the 
                        Congress adjourns sine die), the message shall 
                        be deemed to have been retransmitted on the 
                        first day of the succeeding Congress and the 45-
                        day period referred to in paragraph (3) of this 
                        section and in section 683 of this title (with 
                        respect to such message) shall commence on the 
                        day after such first day. (Pub. L. 93-344, Title 
                        X, Sec. 1011, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 333.)
       304  Sec. 683. Rescission of budget authority
            (a) Transmittal of special message
                Whenever the President determines that all or part of 
            any budget authority will not be required to carry out the 
            full objectives or scope of programs for which it is 
            provided or that such budget authority should be rescinded 
            for fiscal policy or other reasons (including the 
            termination of authorized projects or activities for which 
            budget authority has been provided), or whenever all or part 
            of budget authority provided for only one fiscal year is to 
            be reserved from obligation for such fiscal year, the 
            President shall transmit to both Houses of Congress a 
            special message specifying--
                            (1) the amount of budget authority which he 
                        proposes to be rescinded or which is to be so 
                        reserved;
                            (2) any account, department, or 
                        establishment of the Government to which such 
                        budget authority is available for obligation, 
                        and the specific project or governmental 
                        functions involved;
                            (3) the reasons why the budget authority 
                        should be rescinded or is to be so reserved;
                            (4) to the maximum extent practicable, the 
                        estimated fiscal, economic, and budgetary effect 
                        of the proposed rescission or of the 
                        reservation; and
                            (5) all facts, circumstances, and 
                        considerations relating to or bearing upon the 
                        proposed rescission or the reservation and the 
                        decision to effect the proposed rescission or 
                        the reservation, and to the maximum extent 
                        practicable, the estimated effect of the 
                        proposed rescis

[[Page 288]]

                        sion or the reservation upon the objects, 
                        purposes, and programs for which the budget 
                        authority is provided.
            (b) Requirement to make available for obligation
                Any amount of budget authority proposed to be rescinded 
            or that is to be reserved as set forth in such special 
            message shall be made available for obligation unless, 
            within the prescribed 45-day period, the Congress has 
            completed action on a rescission bill rescinding all or part 
            of the amount proposed to be rescinded or that is to be 
            reserved. Funds made available for obligation under this 
            procedure may not be proposed for rescission again. (Pub. L. 
            93-344, Title X, Sec. 1012, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 333; 
            Pub. L. 100-119, Title II, Sec. 207, Sept. 29, 1987, 101 
            Stat. 786.)
       305  Sec. 684. Proposed deferrals of budget authority
            (a) Transmittal of special message
                Whenever the President, the Director of the Office of 
            Management and Budget, the head of any department or agency 
            of the United States, or any officer or employee of the 
            United States proposes to defer any budget authority 
            provided for a specific purpose or project, the President 
            shall transmit to the House of Representatives and the 
            Senate a special message specifying--
                            (1) the amount of the budget authority 
                        proposed to be deferred;
                            (2) any account, department, or 
                        establishment of the Government to which such 
                        budget authority is available for obligation, 
                        and the specific projects or governmental 
                        functions involved;
                            (3) the period of time during which the 
                        budget authority is proposed to be deferred;
                            (4) the reasons for the proposed deferral, 
                        including any legal authority invoked to justify 
                        the proposed deferral;
                            (5) to the maximum extent practicable, the 
                        estimated fiscal, economic, and budgetary effect 
                        of the proposed deferral; and
                            (6) all facts, circumstances, and 
                        considerations relating to or bearing upon the 
                        proposed deferral and the decision to effect the 
                        proposed deferral, including an analysis of such 
                        facts, circumstances, and considerations in 
                        terms of their application to any legal 
                        authority, including specific elements of legal 
                        authority, invoked to justify such proposed 
                        deferral, and to the maximum extent practicable, 
                        the estimated effect of the proposed deferral 
                        upon the objects, purposes, and programs for 
                        which the budget authority is provided.
                A special message may include one or more proposed 
            deferrals of budget authority. A deferral may not be 
            proposed for any period of time extending beyond the end of 
            the fiscal year in which the special message proposing the 
            deferral is transmitted to the House and the Senate.
            (b) Consistency with legislative policy
                Deferrals shall be permissible only--
                            (1) to provide for contingencies;
                            (2) to achieve savings made possible by or 
                        through changes in requirements or greater 
                        efficiency of operations; or
                            (3) as specifically provided by law.
                No officer or employee of the United States may defer 
            any budget authority for any other purpose.

[[Page 289]]

            (c) Exception
                The provisions of this section do not apply to any 
            budget authority proposed to be rescinded or that is to be 
            reserved as set forth in a special message required to be 
            transmitted under section 683 of this title. (Pub. L. 93-
            344, Title X, Sec. 1013, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 334; Pub. 
            L. 100-119, Title II, Sec. 206(a), Sept. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 
            785.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       306  Sec. 688. Procedure in House of Representatives and Senate
            (a) Referral
                Any rescission bill introduced with respect to a special 
            message or impoundment resolution introduced with respect to 
            a proposed deferral of budget authority shall be referred to 
            the appropriate committee of the House of Representatives or 
            the Senate, as the case may be.
            (b) Discharge of committee
                (1) If the committee to which a rescission bill or 
            impoundment resolution has been referred has not reported it 
            at the end of 25 calendar days of continuous session of the 
            Congress after its introduction, it is in order to move 
            either to discharge the committee from further consideration 
            of the bill or resolution or to discharge the committee from 
            further consideration of any other rescission bill with 
            respect to the same special message or impoundment 
            resolution with respect to the same proposed deferral, as 
            the case may be, which has been referred to the committee.
                (2) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the bill or resolution, may be made only 
            if supported by one-fifth of the Members of the House 
            involved (a quorum being present), and is highly privileged 
            in the House and privileged in the Senate (except that it 
            may not be made after the committee has reported a bill or 
            resolution with respect to the same special message or the 
            same proposed deferral, as the case may be); and debate 
            thereon shall be limited to not more than 1 hour, the time 
            to be divided in the House equally between those favoring 
            and those opposing the bill or resolution, and to be divided 
            in the Senate equally between, and controlled by, the 
            majority leader and the minority leader or their designees. 
            An amendment to the motion is not in order, and it is not in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
            (c) Floor consideration in House
                (1) When the committee of the House of Representatives 
            has reported, or has been discharged from further 
            consideration of, a rescission bill or impoundment 
            resolution, it shall at any time thereafter be in order 
            (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of the 
            bill or resolution. The motion shall be highly privileged 
            and not debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be 
            in order, nor shall it be in order to move to reconsider the 
            vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (2) Debate on a rescission bill or impoundment 
            resolution shall be limited to not more than 2 hours, which 
            shall be divided equally between those favoring and those 
            opposing the bill or resolution. A motion further

[[Page 290]]

            to limit debate shall not be debatable. In the case of an 
            impoundment resolution, no amendment to, or motion to 
            recommit, the resolution shall be in order. It shall not be 
            in order to move to reconsider the vote by which a 
            rescission bill or impoundment resolution is agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (3) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            consideration of a rescission bill or impoundment 
            resolution, and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (4) All appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating 
            to the application of the Rules of the House of 
            Representatives to the procedure relating to any rescission 
            bill or impoundment resolution shall be decided without 
            debate.
                (5) Except to the extent specifically provided in the 
            preceding provisions of this subsection, consideration of 
            any rescission bill or impoundment resolution and amendments 
            thereto (or any conference report thereon) shall be governed 
            by the Rules of the House of Representatives applicable to 
            other bills and resolutions, amendments, and conference 
            reports in similar circumstances.
            (d) Floor consideration in Senate
                (1) Debate in the Senate on any rescission bill or 
            impoundment resolution, and all amendments thereto (in the 
            case of a rescission bill) and debatable motions and appeals 
            in connection therewith, shall be limited to not more than 
            10 hours. The time shall be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader 
            or their designees.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on any amendment to a 
            rescission bill shall be limited to 2 hours, to be equally 
            divided between, and controlled by, the mover and the 
            manager of the bill. Debate on any amendment to an 
            amendment, to such a bill, and debate on any debatable 
            motion or appeal in connection with such a bill or an 
            impoundment resolution shall be limited to 1 hour, to be 
            equally divided between, and controlled by, the mover and 
            the manager of the bill or resolution, except that in the 
            event the manager of the bill or resolution is in favor of 
            any such amendment, motion, or appeal, the time in 
            opposition thereto, shall be controlled by the minority 
            leader or his designee. No amendment that is not germane to 
            the provisions of a rescission bill shall be received. Such 
            leaders, or either of them, may, from the time under their 
            control on the passage of a rescission bill or impoundment 
            resolution, allot additional time to any Senator during the 
            consideration of any amendment, debatable motion, or appeal.
                (3) A motion to further limit debate is not debatable. 
            In the case of a rescission bill, a motion to recommit 
            (except a motion to recommit with instructions to report 
            back within a specified number of days, not to exceed 3, not 
            counting any day on which the Senate is not in session) is 
            not in order. Debate on any such motion to recommit shall be 
            limited to one hour, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the mover and the manager of the concurrent 
            resolution. In the case of an impoundment resolution, no 
            amendment or motion to recommit is in order.
                (4) The conference report on any rescission bill shall 
            be in order in the Senate at any time after the third day 
            (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) following 
            the day on which such a conference report is reported and is 
            available to Members of the Senate.

[[Page 291]]

            A motion to proceed to the consideration of the conference 
            report may be made even though a previous motion to the same 
            effect has been disagreed to.
                (5) During the consideration in the Senate of the 
            conference report on any rescission bill, debate shall be 
            limited to 2 hours to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and minority leader or 
            their designees. Debate on any debatable motion or appeal 
            related to the conference report shall be limited to 30 
            minutes, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, 
            the mover and the manager of the conference report.
                (6) Should the conference report be defeated, debate on 
            any request for a new conference and the appointment of 
            conferees shall be limited to one hour, to be equally 
            divided between, and controlled by, the manager of the 
            conference report and the minority leader or his designee, 
            and should any motion be made to instruct the conferees 
            before the conferees are named, debate on such motion shall 
            be limited to 30 minutes, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the mover and the manager of the conference 
            report. Debate on any amendment to any such instructions 
            shall be limited to 20 minutes, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the mover and the manager of the 
            conference report. In all cases when the manager of the 
            conference report is in favor of any motion, appeal, or 
            amendment, the time in opposition shall be under the control 
            of the minority leader or his designee.
                (7) In any case in which there are amendments in 
            disagreement, time on each amendment shall be limited to 30 
            minutes, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, 
            the manager of the conference report and the minority leader 
            or his designee. No amendment that is not germane to the 
            provisions of such amendments shall be received. (Pub. L. 
            93-344, Title X, Sec. 1017, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 337.)
            
                                        NOTE

                  
            Supermajority Waiver and Appeal
                (b) Any provision of Title III or IV may be waived or 
            suspended in the Senate by a majority vote of the Members 
            voting, a quorum being present, or by the unanimous consent 
            of the Senate.
                (c) Waivers.--
                            (1) Permanent.--Sections 305(b)(2), 
                        305(c)(4), 306, 310(d)(2), 313, 904(c), and 
                        904(d) of this Act may be waived or suspended in 
                        the Senate only by the affirmative vote of 
                        three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and 
                        sworn.
                            (2) Temporary.--Sections 301(i), 302(c), 
                        302(f), 310(g), 311(a), 312(b), and 312(c) of 
                        this Act and sections 258(a)(4)(C), 
                        258A(b)(3)(C)(I)\5\, 258B(f)(1), 258B(h)(1), 
                        258(h)(3)\6\, 258C(a)(5), and 258C(b)(1) of the 
                        Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control 
                        Act of 1985 may be waived or suspended in the 
                        Senate only by the affirmative vote of three-
                        fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn.
                \5\ So in law. Probably should read 
                ``258A(b)(3)(C)(i)''.
                \6\ So in law. Probably should read ``258B(h)(3)''.
                (d) Appeals.--

[[Page 292]]

                            (1) Procedure.--Appeals in the Senate from 
                        the decisions of the Chair relating to any 
                        provision of Title III or IV or section 1017 
                        shall, except as otherwise provided therein, be 
                        limited to 1 hour, to be equally divided 
                        between, and controlled by, the mover and the 
                        manager of the resolution, concurrent 
                        resolution, reconciliation bill, or rescission 
                        bill, as the case may be.
                            (2) Permanent.--An affirmative vote of 
                        three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and 
                        sworn, shall be required in the Senate to 
                        sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on 
                        a point of order raised under sections 
                        305(b)(2), 305(c)(4), 306, 310(d)(2), 313, 
                        904(c), and 904(d) of this Act.
                            (3) Temporary.--An affirmative vote of 
                        three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and 
                        sworn, shall be required in the Senate to 
                        sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on 
                        a point of order raised under sections 301(i), 
                        302(c), 302(f), 310(g), 311(a), 312(b), and 
                        312(c) of this Act and sections 258(a)(4)(C), 
                        258A(b)(3)(C)(I) , 258B(f)(1), 258B(h)(1), 
                        258(h)(3) , 258C(a)(5), and 258C(b)(1) of the 
                        Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control 
                        Act of 1985.
                (e) Expiration of Certain Supermajority Voting 
            Requirements.--Subsections (c)(2) and (d)(3) shall expire on 
            September 30, 2002.

            (2 U.S.C. 621 note.)\7\

                \7\ Section 3201 of S. Con. Res. 11 (114th Congress) 
                extended this expiration date. The resolution states:
                ``Notwithstanding any provision of the Congressional 
                Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 621 et seq.), subsections 
                (c)(2) and (d)(3) of section 904 of the Congressional 
                Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 621 note) shall remain in 
                effect for purposes of Senate enforcement through 
                September 30, 2025.''
            Referral of matters dealing with rescissions and deferrals.
                On January 30, 1975, the Senate agreed to the following 
            resolution, which provides for the referral of matters 
            dealing with rescissions and deferrals:
                Resolved (1) That messages received pursuant to Title X 
            of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act [2 
            U.S.C. 681-2 U.S.C. 688] be referred concurrently to the 
            Appropriations Committee, to the Budget Committee, and to 
            any other appropriate authorizing committee.
                (2) That bills, resolutions, and joint resolutions 
            introduced with respect to rescissions and deferrals shall 
            be referred to the Appropriations Committee, the Budget 
            Committee, and pending implementation of section 410 of the 
            Congressional Budget Impoundment Control Act [should be 
            section 401, 2 U.S.C. 651] and subject to section 401(d) [2 
            U.S.C. 651(d)], to any other committee exercising 
            jurisdiction over contract and borrowing authority programs 
            as defined by section 401(c)(2) (A) and (B) [2 U.S.C. 
            651(c)(2) (A) and (B)]. The Budget Committee and such other 
            Committees shall report their views, if any, to the 
            Appropriations Committee within 20 days following referral 
            of such bills, resolutions, or joint resolutions. The Budget 
            Committee's consideration shall extend only to macroeconomic 
            implications, impact on priorities and aggregate spending 
            levels, and the legality of the President's use of the 
            deferral and rescissions mechanism under Title X. The 
            Appropriations and authorizing committees shall exercise 
            their normal responsibilities over programs and priorities.
                (3) If any Committee to which a bill or resolution has 
            been referred recommends its passage, the Appropriations 
            Committee shall report that

[[Page 293]]

            bill or resolution together with its views and reports of 
            the Budget and any appropriate authorizing committees to the 
            Senate within:
                            (A) the time remaining under the Act in the 
                        case of rescissions, or
                            (B) within 20 days in the case of deferrals.
                (4) The 20 day period referred to herein means 20 
            calendar days; and for the purposes of computing the 20 
            days, recesses or adjournments of the Senate for more than 3 
            days to a day certain shall not be counted; and for recesses 
            and adjournments of more than 30 calendar days, continuous 
            duration or the sine die adjournment of a session, the 20 
            day period shall begin anew on the day following the 
            reconvening of the Senate. (S. Res. 45, 94-1, Jan. 30, 1975, 
            121 Cong. Rec. 1917, amended by unanimous consent, Apr. 11, 
            1986, Cong. Rec., p. 4157, daily ed.).
            Joint referral of legislation affecting the budget process.
                On August 4, 1977, the Senate agreed to an order 
            providing that legislation affecting the congressional 
            budget process be referred jointly to the Committee on the 
            Budget and the Committee on Governmental Affairs and that, 
            if one committee reports a jointly referred measure, the 
            other must act on the measure within 30 calendar days of 
            continuous possession or be automatically discharged from 
            further consideration of the measure:
                Legislative proposals affecting the congressional budget 
            process to which this order applies are:
                First. The functions, duties, and powers of the Budget 
            Committee--as described in Title I of the . . . 
            [Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974];
                Second. The functions, duties, and powers of the 
            Congressional Budget Office--as described in Titles II and 
            IV of the Act [2 U.S.C. 601-603; 2 U.S.C. 651-653];
                Third. The process by which Congress annually 
            establishes the appropriate levels of budget authority, 
            outlays, revenues, deficits or surpluses, and public debt--
            including subdivisions thereof. That process includes the 
            establishment of: mandatory ceilings on spending and 
            appropriations; a floor on revenues; timetables for 
            congressional action on concurrent resolutions, on the 
            reporting of authorization bills, and on the enactment of 
            appropriation bills; and enforcement mechanisms for the 
            limits and timetables, all as described in Title III and IV 
            of the act [2 U.S.C. 631-641; 2 U.S.C. 651-653].
                Fourth. The limiting of backdoor spending devices--as 
            described in Title IV of the act [2 U.S.C. 651-653];
                Fifth. The timetables for Presidential submission of 
            appropriations and authorization requests--as described in 
            Title VI of the act [repealed, with portions being codified 
            in sections 1105, 1109, and 1110 of Title 31, United States 
            Code];
                Sixth. The definitions of what constitutes impoundment--
            such as ``rescissions'' and ``deferrals,'' as provided in 
            the Impoundment Control Act, Title X [2 U.S.C. 681-688];
                Seventh. The process and determination by which 
            impoundments must be reported to and considered by 
            Congress--as provided in the Impoundment Control Act, Title 
            X [2 U.S.C. 681-688];
                Eighth. The mechanisms to insure Executive compliance 
            with the provisions of the Impoundment Control Act, Title X 
            [2 U.S.C. 681-688]--such as GAO review and lawsuits; and

[[Page 294]]

                Ninth. The provisions which affect the content or 
            determination of amounts included in or excluded from the 
            congressional budget or the calculation of such amounts, 
            including the definition of terms provided by the Budget 
            Act--as set forth in Title I thereof [2 U.S.C. 622]. (By 
            unanimous consent, Aug. 4, 1977; Cong. Rec., p. S13553, 
            daily ed.)
            
                         Constitutionality of Line Item Veto

                The United States Supreme Court, in Clinton v. City of 
            New York, 524 U.S. 811, 118 S.Ct. 2091, 141 L.Ed. 2d 393 
            (1998), found that the Line Item Veto Act of 1996, Pub. L. 
            104-130, April 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 1200, which is classified 
            generally to Subchapter III of Chapter 17B (section 691 et 
            seq.) of Title 2 was unconstitutional as a violation of the 
            Presentment Clause of the United States Constitution (USCA 
            Const. Art. I Sec. 7, cl. 2).

              Chapter 20--EMERGENCY POWERS TO ELIMINATE BUDGET DEFICITS

       307  Sec. 907a. Suspension in event of war or low growth
            (a) Procedures in event of low-growth report
                (1) Trigger

                                Whenever CBO issues a low-growth report 
                            under section 254(i) [2 U.S.C. 904(i)], the 
                            Majority Leader of the House of 
                            Representatives may, and the Majority Leader 
                            of the Senate shall, introduce a joint 
                            resolution (in the form set forth in 
                            paragraph (2)) declaring that the conditions 
                            specified in section 254(i) are met and 
                            suspending the relevant provisions of this 
                            title, titles III and VI of the 
                            Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 
                            631 et seq.], and section 1103 of title 31.

                (2) Form of joint resolution
                            (A) The matter after the resolving clause in 
                        any joint resolution introduced pursuant to 
                        paragraph (1) shall be as follows: ``That the 
                        Congress declares that the conditions specified 
                        in section 254(j) of the Balanced Budget and 
                        Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 are met, 
                        and the implementation of the Congressional 
                        Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, 
                        chapter 11 of title 31, United States Code, and 
                        part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency 
                        Deficit Control Act of 1985 are modified as 
                        described in section 258(b) of the Balanced 
                        Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
                        1985.''
                            (B) The title of the joint resolution shall 
                        be ``Joint resolution suspending certain 
                        provisions of law pursuant to section 258(a)(2) 
                        of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit 
                        Control Act of 1985.''; and the joint resolution 
                        shall not contain any preamble.
                (3) Committee action

                                Each joint resolution introduced 
                            pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be referred 
                            to the appropriate committees of the House 
                            of Representatives or the Committee on the 
                            Budget of the Senate, as the case may be; 
                            and such Committee shall report the joint 
                            resolution to its House without amendment on 
                            or before the fifth day on which such House 
                            is in session after the date on which the 
                            joint resolution is introduced. If the 
                            Committee fails to report the joint 
                            resolution within the five-day period 
                            referred to in the preceding sentence, it 
                            shall be automatically

[[Page 295]]

                            discharged from further consideration of the 
                            joint resolution, and the joint resolution 
                            shall be placed on the appropriate calendar.

                (4) Consideration of joint resolution
                            (A) A vote on final passage of a joint 
                        resolution reported to the Senate or discharged 
                        pursuant to paragraph (3) shall be taken on or 
                        before the close of the fifth calendar day of 
                        session after the date on which the joint 
                        resolution is reported or after the Committee 
                        has been discharged from further consideration 
                        of the joint resolution. If prior to the passage 
                        by one House of a joint resolution of that 
                        House, that House receives the same joint 
                        resolution from the other House, then--

                                        (i) the procedure in that House 
                                    shall be the same as if no such 
                                    joint resolution had been received 
                                    from the other House, but

                                        (ii) the vote on final passage 
                                    shall be on the joint resolution of 
                                    the other House. When the joint 
                                    resolution is agreed to, the Clerk 
                                    of the House of Representatives (in 
                                    the case of a House joint resolution 
                                    agreed to in the House of 
                                    Representatives) or the Secretary of 
                                    the Senate (in the case of a Senate 
                                    joint resolution agreed to in the 
                                    Senate) shall cause the joint 
                                    resolution to be engrossed, 
                                    certified, and transmitted to the 
                                    other House of the Congress as soon 
                                    as practicable.

                            (B)(i) In the Senate, a joint resolution 
                        under this paragraph shall be privileged. It 
                        shall not be in order to move to reconsider the 
                        vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
                        disagreed to.

                                        (ii) Debate in the Senate on a 
                                    joint resolution under this 
                                    paragraph, and all debatable motions 
                                    and appeals in connection therewith, 
                                    shall be limited to not more than 
                                    five hours. The time shall be 
                                    equally divided between, and 
                                    controlled by, the majority leader 
                                    and the minority leader or their 
                                    designees.

                                        (iii) Debate in the Senate on 
                                    any debatable motion or appeal in 
                                    connection with a joint resolution 
                                    under this paragraph shall be 
                                    limited to not more than one hour, 
                                    to be equally divided between, and 
                                    controlled by, the mover and the 
                                    manager of the joint resolution, 
                                    except that in the event the manager 
                                    of the joint resolution is in favor 
                                    of any such motion or appeal, the 
                                    time in opposition thereto shall be 
                                    controlled by the minority leader or 
                                    his designee.

                                        (iv) A motion in the Senate to 
                                    further limit debate on a joint 
                                    resolution under this paragraph is 
                                    not debatable. A motion to table or 
                                    to recommit a joint resolution under 
                                    this paragraph is not in order.

                            (C) No amendment to a joint resolution 
                        considered under this paragraph shall be in 
                        order in the Senate.
            (b) Suspension of sequestration procedures

                                Upon the enactment of a declaration of 
                            war or a joint resolution described in 
                            subsection (a)--

                (1) the subsequent issuance of any sequestration report 
            or any sequestration order is precluded;

[[Page 296]]

                (2) sections 302(f), 310(d), 311(a), and title VI of the 
            Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 633(f), 641(d), 
            642(a)] are suspended; and
                (3) section 1103 of title 31 is suspended.
            (c) Restoration of sequestration procedures
                (1) In the event of a suspension of sequestration 
            procedures due to a declaration of war, then, effective with 
            the first fiscal year that begins in the session after the 
            state of war is concluded by Senate ratification of the 
            necessary treaties, the provisions of subsection (b) 
            triggered by that declaration of war are no longer 
            effective.
                (2) In the event of a suspension of sequestration 
            procedures due to the enactment of a joint resolution 
            described in subsection (a), then, effective with regard to 
            the first fiscal year beginning at least 12 months after the 
            enactment of that resolution, the provisions of subsection 
            (b) triggered by that resolution are no longer effective. 
            (Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 258, as added Pub. L. 101-
            508, Title XIII, Sec. 13101(f), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 
            1388-593; amended Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, Title I, 
            Sec. 121(10), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1175.)
       308  Sec. 907b. Modification of Presidential order
            (a) Introduction of joint resolution

                                At any time after the Director of OMB 
                            issues a final sequestration report under 
                            section 904 of this title for a fiscal year, 
                            but before the close of the twentieth 
                            calendar day of the session of Congress 
                            beginning after the date of issuance of such 
                            report, the majority leader of either House 
                            of Congress may introduce a joint resolution 
                            which contains provisions directing the 
                            President to modify the most recent order 
                            issued under section 904 of this title or 
                            provide an alternative to reduce the deficit 
                            for such fiscal year. After the introduction 
                            of the first such joint resolution in either 
                            House of Congress in any calendar year, then 
                            no other joint resolution introduced in such 
                            House in such calendar year shall be subject 
                            to the procedures set forth in this section.

            (b) Procedures for consideration of joint resolutions
                (1) Referral to committee

                                A joint resolution introduced in the 
                            Senate under subsection (a) shall not be 
                            referred to a committee of the Senate and 
                            shall be placed on the calendar pending 
                            disposition of such joint resolution in 
                            accordance with this subsection.

                (2) Consideration in Senate

                                On or after the third calendar day 
                            (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal 
                            holidays) beginning after a joint resolution 
                            is introduced under subsection (a), 
                            notwithstanding any rule or precedent of the 
                            Senate, including Rule XXII of the Standing 
                            Rules of the Senate, it is in order (even 
                            though a previous motion to the same effect 
                            has been disagreed to) for any Member of the 
                            Senate to move to proceed to the 
                            consideration of the joint resolution. The 
                            motion is not in order after the eighth 
                            calendar day (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, 
                            and legal holidays) beginning after a joint 
                            resolution (to which the motion applies) is 
                            introduced. The joint resolution is 
                            privileged in the Senate. A motion to 
                            reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
                            agreed

[[Page 297]]

                            to or disagreed to shall not be in order. If 
                            a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
                            the joint resolution is agreed to, the 
                            Senate shall immediately proceed to 
                            consideration of the joint resolution 
                            without intervening motion, order, or other 
                            business, and the joint resolution shall 
                            remain the unfinished business of the Senate 
                            until disposed of.

                (3) Debate in Senate
                            (A) In the Senate, debate on a joint 
                        resolution introduced under subsection (a), 
                        amendments thereto, and all debatable motions 
                        and appeals in connection therewith shall be 
                        limited to not more than 10 hours, which shall 
                        be divided equally between the majority leader 
                        and the minority leader (or their designees).
                            (B) A motion to postpone, or a motion to 
                        proceed to the consideration of other business 
                        is not in order. A motion to reconsider the vote 
                        by which the joint resolution is agreed to or 
                        disagreed to is not in order, and a motion to 
                        recommit the joint resolution is not in order.
                            (C)(i) No amendment that is not germane to 
                        the provisions of the joint resolution or to the 
                        order issued under section 904 of this title 
                        shall be in order in the Senate. In the Senate, 
                        an amendment, any amendment to an amendment, or 
                        any debatable motion or appeal is debatable for 
                        not to exceed 30 minutes to be equally divided 
                        between, and controlled by, the mover and the 
                        majority leader (or their designees), except 
                        that in the event that the majority leader 
                        favors the amendment, motion, or appeal, the 
                        minority leader (or the minority leader's 
                        designee) shall control the time in opposition 
                        to the amendment, motion, or appeal.

                                        (ii) In the Senate, an amendment 
                                    that is otherwise in order shall be 
                                    in order notwithstanding the fact 
                                    that it amends the joint resolution 
                                    in more than one place or amends 
                                    language previously amended. It 
                                    shall not be in order in the Senate 
                                    to vote on the question of agreeing 
                                    to such a joint resolution or any 
                                    amendment thereto unless the figures 
                                    then contained in such joint 
                                    resolution or amendment are 
                                    mathematically consistent.

                (4) Vote on final passage

                                Immediately following the conclusion of 
                            the debate on a joint resolution introduced 
                            under subsection (a), a single quorum call 
                            at the conclusion of the debate if requested 
                            in accordance with the rules of the Senate, 
                            and the disposition of any pending 
                            amendments under paragraph (3), the vote on 
                            final passage of the joint resolution shall 
                            occur.

                (5) Appeals

                                Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
                            shall be decided without debate.

                (6) Conference reports

                                In the Senate, points of order under 
                            titles III, IV, and VI 1 of the 
                            Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 
                            631 et seq., 651 et seq.] are applicable to 
                            a conference report on the joint resolution 
                            or any amendments in disagreement thereto.

                (7) Resolution from other House

                                If, before the passage by the Senate of 
                            a joint resolution of the Senate introduced 
                            under subsection (a), the Senate re

[[Page 298]]

                            ceives from the House of Representatives a 
                            joint resolution introduced under subsection 
                            (a), then the following procedures shall 
                            apply:

                            (A) The joint resolution of the House of 
                        Representatives shall not be referred to a 
                        committee and shall be placed on the calendar.
                            (B) With respect to a joint resolution 
                        introduced under subsection (a) in the Senate--

                                        (i) the procedure in the Senate 
                                    shall be the same as if no joint 
                                    resolution had been received from 
                                    the House; but

                                        (ii)(I) the vote on final 
                                    passage shall be on the joint 
                                    resolution of the House if it is 
                                    identical to the joint resolution 
                                    then pending for passage in the 
                                    Senate; or

                                          (II) if the joint resolution 
                                    from the House is not identical to 
                                    the joint resolution then pending 
                                    for passage in the Senate and the 
                                    Senate then passes the Senate joint 
                                    resolution, the Senate shall be 
                                    considered to have passed the House 
                                    joint resolution as amended by the 
                                    text of the Senate joint resolution.

                            (C) Upon disposition of the joint resolution 
                        received from the House, it shall no longer be 
                        in order to consider the resolution originated 
                        in the Senate.
                (8) Senate action on House resolution

                                If the Senate receives from the House of 
                            Representatives a joint resolution 
                            introduced under subsection (a) after the 
                            Senate has disposed of a Senate originated 
                            resolution which is identical to the House 
                            passed joint resolution, the action of the 
                            Senate with regard to the disposition of the 
                            Senate originated joint resolution shall be 
                            deemed to be the action of the Senate with 
                            regard to the House originated joint 
                            resolution. If it is not identical to the 
                            House passed joint resolution, then the 
                            Senate shall be considered to have passed 
                            the joint resolution of the House as amended 
                            by the text of the Senate joint resolution. 
                            (Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 258A, as 
                            added Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
                            Sec. 13101(f), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-
                            595.)

       309  Sec. 907c. Flexibility among defense programs, projects, and 
                activities
            (a) Reductions beyond amount specified in Presidential order

                                Subject to subsections (b), (c), and 
                            (d), new budget authority and unobligated 
                            balances for any programs, projects, or 
                            activities within major functional category 
                            050 (other than a military personnel 
                            account) may be further reduced beyond the 
                            amount specified in an order issued by the 
                            President under section 904 of this title 
                            for such fiscal year. To the extent such 
                            additional reductions are made and result in 
                            additional outlay reductions, the President 
                            may provide for lesser reductions in new 
                            budget authority and unobligated balances 
                            for other programs, projects, or activities 
                            within major functional category 050 for 
                            such fiscal year, but only to the extent 
                            that the resulting outlay increases do not 
                            exceed the additional outlay reductions, and 
                            no such program, project, or activity may be 
                            increased above the level actually made 
                            available by law in appropriation Acts 
                            (before

[[Page 299]]

                            taking sequestration into account). In 
                            making calculations under this subsection, 
                            the President shall use account outlay rates 
                            that are identical to those used in the 
                            report by the Director of OMB under section 
                            904 of this title.

            (b) Base closures prohibited

                                No actions taken by the President under 
                            subsection (a) for a fiscal year may result 
                            in a domestic base closure or realignment 
                            that would otherwise be subject to section 
                            2687 of title 10.

            (c) Report and joint resolution required

                                The President may not exercise the 
                            authority provided by this paragraph for a 
                            fiscal year unless--

                (1) the President submits a single report to Congress 
            specifying, for each account, the detailed changes proposed 
            to be made for such fiscal year pursuant to this section;
                (2) that report is submitted within 5 calendar days of 
            the start of the next session of Congress; and
                (3) a joint resolution affirming or modifying the 
            changes proposed by the President pursuant to this paragraph 
            becomes law.
            (d) Introduction of joint resolution

                                Within 5 calendar days of session after 
                            the President submits a report to Congress 
                            under subsection (c)(1) for a fiscal year, 
                            the majority leader of each House of 
                            Congress shall (by request) introduce a 
                            joint resolution which contains provisions 
                            affirming the changes proposed by the 
                            President pursuant to this paragraph.

            (e) Form and title of joint resolution
                (1) The matter after the resolving clause in any joint 
            resolution introduced pursuant to subsection (d) shall be as 
            follows: ``That the report of the President as submitted on 
            [Insert Date] under section 258B is hereby approved.''
                (2) The title of the joint resolution shall be ``Joint 
            resolution approving the report of the President submitted 
            under section 258B of the Balanced Budget and Emergency 
            Deficit Control Act of 1985.''
                (3) Such joint resolution shall not contain any 
            preamble.
            (f) Calendaring and consideration of joint resolution in 
                Senate
                (1) A joint resolution introduced in the Senate under 
            subsection (d) shall be referred to the Committee on 
            Appropriations, and if not reported within 5 calendar days 
            (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) from the 
            date of introduction shall be considered as having been 
            discharged therefrom and shall be placed on the appropriate 
            calendar pending disposition of such joint resolution in 
            accordance with this subsection. In the Senate, no amendment 
            proposed in the Committee on Appropriations shall be in 
            order other than an amendment (in the nature of a 
            substitute) that is germane or relevant to the provisions of 
            the joint resolution or to the order issued under section 
            904 of this title. For purposes of this paragraph, an 
            amendment shall be considered to be relevant if it relates 
            to function 050 (national defense).
                (2) On or after the third calendar day (excluding 
            Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) beginning after a 
            joint resolution is placed on the

[[Page 300]]

            Senate calendar, notwithstanding any rule or precedent of 
            the Senate, including Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the 
            Senate, it is in order (even though a previous motion to the 
            same effect has been disagreed to) for any Member of the 
            Senate to move to proceed to the consideration of the joint 
            resolution. The motion is not in order after the eighth 
            calendar day (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal 
            holidays) beginning after such joint resolution is placed on 
            the appropriate calendar. The motion is not debatable. The 
            joint resolution is privileged in the Senate. A motion to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed 
            to the consideration of the joint resolution is agreed to, 
            the Senate shall immediately proceed to consideration of the 
            joint resolution without intervening motion, order, or other 
            business, and the joint resolution shall remain the 
            unfinished business of the Senate until disposed of.
            (g) Debate of joint resolution; motions
                (1) In the Senate, debate on a joint resolution 
            introduced under subsection (d), amendments thereto, and all 
            debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith shall 
            be limited to not more than 10 hours, which shall be divided 
            equally between the majority leader and the minority leader 
            (or their designees).
                (2) A motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed to the 
            consideration of other business is not in order. A motion to 
            reconsider the vote by which the joint resolution is agreed 
            to or disagreed to is not in order. In the Senate, a motion 
            to recommit the joint resolution is not in order.
            (h) Amendment of joint resolution
                (1) No amendment that is not germane or relevant to the 
            provisions of the joint resolution or to the order issued 
            under section 904 of this title shall be in order in the 
            Senate. For purposes of this paragraph, an amendment shall 
            be considered to be relevant if it relates to function 050 
            (national defense). In the Senate, an amendment, any 
            amendment to an amendment, or any debatable motion or appeal 
            is debatable for not to exceed 30 minutes to be equally 
            divided between, and controlled by, the mover and the 
            majority leader (or their designees), except that in the 
            event that the majority leader favors the amendment, motion, 
            or appeal, the minority leader (or the minority leader's 
            designee) shall control the time in opposition to the 
            amendment, motion, or appeal.
                (2) In the Senate, an amendment that is otherwise in 
            order shall be in order notwithstanding the fact that it 
            amends the joint resolution in more than one place or amends 
            language previously amended, so long as the amendment makes 
            or maintains mathematical consistency. It shall not be in 
            order in the Senate to vote on the question of agreeing to 
            such a joint resolution or any amendment thereto unless the 
            figures then contained in such joint resolution or amendment 
            are mathematically consistent.
                (3) It shall not be in order in the Senate to consider 
            any amendment to any joint resolution introduced under 
            subsection (d) or any conference report thereon if such 
            amendment or conference report would have the effect of 
            decreasing any specific budget outlay reductions below the 
            level of such outlay reductions provided in such joint 
            resolution unless such amendment or conference report makes 
            a reduction in other specific budget outlays at least 
            equivalent to any increase in outlays provided by such 
            amendment or conference report.

[[Page 301]]

                (4) For purposes of the application of paragraph (3), 
            the level of outlays and specific budget outlay reductions 
            provided in an amendment shall be determined on the basis of 
            estimates made by the Committee on the Budget of the Senate.
            (i) Vote on final passage of joint resolution

                                Immediately following the conclusion of 
                            the debate on a joint resolution introduced 
                            under subsection (d), a single quorum call 
                            at the conclusion of the debate if requested 
                            in accordance with the rules of the Senate, 
                            and the disposition of any pending 
                            amendments under subsection (h), the vote on 
                            final passage of the joint resolution shall 
                            occur.

            (j) Appeal from decision of Chair

                                Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
                            relating to the application of the rules of 
                            the Senate to the procedure relating to a 
                            joint resolution described in subsection (d) 
                            shall be decided without debate.

            (k) Conference reports

                                In the Senate, points of order under 
                            titles III and IV of the Congressional 
                            Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 631 et seq., 
                            651 et seq.] (including points of order 
                            under sections 302(c), 303(a), 306, and 
                            401(b)(1) [2 U.S.C. 633(c), 634(a), 637, 
                            651(b)(1)]) are applicable to a conference 
                            report on the joint resolution or any 
                            amendments in disagreement thereto.

            (l) Resolution from other House

                                If, before the passage by the Senate of 
                            a joint resolution of the Senate introduced 
                            under subsection (d), the Senate receives 
                            from the House of Representatives a joint 
                            resolution introduced under subsection (d), 
                            then the following procedures shall apply:

                (1) The joint resolution of the House of Representatives 
            shall not be referred to a committee.
                (2) With respect to a joint resolution introduced under 
            subsection (d) in the Senate--
                            (A) the procedure in the Senate shall be the 
                        same as if no joint resolution had been received 
                        from the House; but
                            (B)(i) the vote on final passage shall be on 
                        the joint resolution of the House if it is 
                        identical to the joint resolution then pending 
                        for passage in the Senate; or

                                        (ii) if the joint resolution 
                                    from the House is not identical to 
                                    the joint resolution then pending 
                                    for passage in the Senate and the 
                                    Senate then passes the Senate joint 
                                    resolution, the Senate shall be 
                                    considered to have passed the House 
                                    joint resolution as amended by the 
                                    text of the Senate joint resolution.

                (3) Upon disposition of the joint resolution received 
            from the House, it shall no longer be in order to consider 
            the joint resolution originated in the Senate.
            (m) Senate action on House resolution

                                If the Senate receives from the House of 
                            Representatives a joint resolution 
                            introduced under subsection (d) after the 
                            Senate

[[Page 302]]

                            has disposed of a Senate originated joint 
                            resolution which is identical to the House 
                            passed joint resolution, the action of the 
                            Senate with regard to the disposition of the 
                            Senate originated joint resolution shall be 
                            deemed to be the action of the Senate with 
                            regard to the House originated joint 
                            resolution. If it is not identical to the 
                            House passed joint resolution, then the 
                            Senate shall be considered to have passed 
                            the joint resolution of the House as amended 
                            by the text of the Senate joint resolution. 
                            (Pub. L. 99-177, Title II, Sec. 258B, as 
                            added Pub. L. 101-508, Title XIII, 
                            Sec. 13101(g), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-
                            597.)

       310  Sec. 907d. Special reconciliation process
            (a) Reporting of resolutions and reconciliation bills and 
                resolutions, in Senate
                (1) Committee alternatives to Presidential order

                                After the submission of an OMB 
                            sequestration update report under section 
                            904 of this title that envisions a 
                            sequestration under section 902 or 903 of 
                            this title, each standing committee of the 
                            Senate may, not later than October 10, 
                            submit to the Committee on the Budget of the 
                            Senate information of the type described in 
                            section 632(d) of this title with respect to 
                            alternatives to the order envisioned by such 
                            report insofar as such order affects laws 
                            within the jurisdiction of the committee.

                (2) Initial Budget Committee action

                                After the submission of such a report, 
                            the Committee on the Budget of the Senate 
                            may, not later than October 15, report to 
                            the Senate a resolution. The resolution may 
                            affirm the impact of the order envisioned by 
                            such report, in whole or in part. To the 
                            extent that any part is not affirmed, the 
                            resolution shall state which parts are not 
                            affirmed and shall contain instructions to 
                            committees of the Senate of the type 
                            referred to in section 641(a) of this title, 
                            sufficient to achieve at least the total 
                            level of deficit reduction contained in 
                            those sections which are not affirmed.

                (3) Response of committees

                                Committees instructed pursuant to 
                            paragraph (2), or affected thereby, shall 
                            submit their responses to the Budget 
                            Committee no later than 10 days after the 
                            resolution referred to in paragraph (2) is 
                            agreed to, except that if only one such 
                            Committee is so instructed such Committee 
                            shall, by the same date, report to the 
                            Senate a reconciliation bill or 
                            reconciliation resolution containing its 
                            recommendations in response to such 
                            instructions. A committee shall be 
                            considered to have complied with all 
                            instructions to it pursuant to a resolution 
                            adopted under paragraph (2) if it has made 
                            recommendations with respect to matters 
                            within its jurisdiction which would result 
                            in a reduction in the deficit at least equal 
                            to the total reduction directed by such 
                            instructions.

                (4) Budget Committee action

                                Upon receipt of the recommendations 
                            received in response to a resolution 
                            referred to in paragraph (2), the Budget 
                            Committee shall report to the Senate a 
                            reconciliation bill or reconcili

[[Page 303]]

                            ation resolution, or both, carrying out all 
                            such recommendations without any substantive 
                            revisions. In the event that a committee 
                            instructed in a resolution referred to in 
                            paragraph (2) fails to submit any 
                            recommendation (or, when only one committee 
                            is instructed, fails to report a 
                            reconciliation bill or resolution) in 
                            response to such instructions, the Budget 
                            Committee shall include in the 
                            reconciliation bill or reconciliation 
                            resolution reported pursuant to this 
                            subparagraph legislative language within the 
                            jurisdiction of the noncomplying committee 
                            to achieve the amount of deficit reduction 
                            directed in such instructions.

                (5) Point of order

                                It shall not be in order in the Senate 
                            to consider any reconciliation bill or 
                            reconciliation resolution reported under 
                            paragraph (4) with respect to a fiscal year, 
                            any amendment thereto, or any conference 
                            report thereon if--

                            (A) the enactment of such bill or resolution 
                        as reported;
                            (B) the adoption and enactment of such 
                        amendment; or
                            (C) the enactment of such bill or resolution 
                        in the form recommended in such conference 
                        report,

                                would cause the amount of the deficit 
                            for such fiscal year to exceed the maximum 
                            deficit amount for such fiscal year, unless 
                            the low-growth report submitted under 
                            section 904 of this title projects negative 
                            real economic growth for such fiscal year, 
                            or for each of any two consecutive quarters 
                            during such fiscal year.

                (6) Treatment of certain amendments

                                In the Senate, an amendment which adds 
                            to a resolution reported under paragraph (2) 
                            an instruction of the type referred to in 
                            such paragraph shall be in order during the 
                            consideration of such resolution if such 
                            amendment would be in order but for the fact 
                            that it would be held to be non-germane on 
                            the basis that the instruction constitutes 
                            new matter.

                (7) ``Day'' defined

                                For purposes of paragraphs (1), (2), and 
                            (3), the term ``day'' shall mean any 
                            calendar day on which the Senate is in 
                            session.

            (b) Procedures
                (1) In general

                                Except as provided in paragraph (2), in 
                            the Senate the provisions of sections 636 
                            and 641 of this title for the consideration 
                            of concurrent resolutions on the budget and 
                            conference reports thereon shall also apply 
                            to the consideration of resolutions, and 
                            reconciliation bills and reconciliation 
                            resolutions reported under this paragraph 
                            and conference reports thereon.

                (2) Limit on debate

                                Debate in the Senate on any resolution 
                            reported pursuant to subsection (a)(2), and 
                            all amendments thereto and debatable motions 
                            and appeals in connection therewith, shall 
                            be limited to 10 hours.

                (3) Limitation on amendments

                                Section 641(d)(2) of this title shall 
                            apply to reconciliation bills and 
                            reconciliation resolutions reported under 
                            this subsection.

[[Page 304]]

                (4) Bills and resolutions received from the House

                                Any bill or resolution received in the 
                            Senate from the House, which is a companion 
                            to a reconciliation bill or reconciliation 
                            resolution of the Senate for the purposes of 
                            this subsection, shall be considered in the 
                            Senate pursuant to the provisions of this 
                            subsection.

                (5) ``Resolution'' defined

                                For purposes of this subsection, the 
                            term ``resolution'' means a simple, joint, 
                            or concurrent resolution. (Pub. L. 99-177, 
                            Title II, Sec. 258C, as added Pub. L. 101-
                            508, Title XIII, Sec. 13101(g), Nov. 5, 
                            1990, 104 Stat. 1388-600.)

                                    * * * * * * *

                        Chapter 20A--STATUTORY PAY-AS-YOU-GO

       311  Sec. 931. Purpose
                The purpose of this chapter is to reestablish a 
            statutory procedure to enforce a rule of budget neutrality 
            on new revenue and direct spending legislation. (Pub. L. 
            111-139, Title I, Sec. 2, Feb. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 8.)
       312  Sec. 932. Definitions and applications
                As used in this chapter--
                            (1) The term ``BBEDCA'' means the Balanced 
                        Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
                        1985.
                            (2) The definitions set forth in section 622 
                        of this title and in section 250 of BBEDCA [2 
                        U.S.C. 900] shall apply to this chapter, except 
                        to the extent that they are specifically 
                        modified as follows:

                                (A) The term ``outyear'' means a fiscal 
                            year one or more years after the budget 
                            year.

                                (B) In section 250(c)(8)(C) [2 U.S.C. 
                            900(c)(8)(C)], the reference to the food 
                            stamp program shall be deemed to be a 
                            reference to the Supplemental Nutrition 
                            Assistance Program.

                            (3) The term ``AMT'' means the Alternative 
                        Minimum Tax for individuals under sections 55-59 
                        of title 26, the term ``EGTRRA'' means the 
                        Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation 
                        Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-16), and the term 
                        ``JGTRRA'' means the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief 
                        and 1 Reconciliation Act of 2003 (Public Law 
                        108-27).
                            (4)(A) The term ``budgetary effects'' means 
                        the amount by which PAYGO legislation changes 
                        outlays flowing from direct spending or revenues 
                        relative to the baseline and shall be determined 
                        on the basis of estimates prepared under section 
                        933 of this title. Budgetary effects that 
                        increase outlays flowing from direct spending or 
                        decrease revenues are termed ``costs'' and 
                        budgetary effects that increase revenues or 
                        decrease outlays flowing from direct spending 
                        are termed ``savings''. Budgetary effects shall 
                        not include any costs associated with debt 
                        service.
                            (B) For purposes of these definitions, off-
                        budget effects shall not be counted as budgetary 
                        effects.
                            (C) Solely for purposes of recording entries 
                        on a PAYGO scorecard, provisions in 
                        appropriation Acts are also considered to be 
                        budgetary effects for purposes of this chapter 
                        if such provisions make outyear modifications to 
                        substantive law, except that provisions for 
                        which

[[Page 305]]

                        the outlay effects net to zero over a period 
                        consisting of the current year, the budget year, 
                        and the 4 subsequent years shall not be 
                        considered budgetary effects. For purposes of 
                        this paragraph, the term, ``modifications to 
                        substantive law'' refers to changes to or 
                        restrictions on entitlement law or other 
                        mandatory spending contained in appropriations 
                        Acts, notwithstanding section 250(c)(8) of 
                        BBEDCA [2 U.S.C. 900(c)(8)]. Provisions in 
                        appropriations Acts that are neither outyear 
                        modifications to substantive law nor changes in 
                        revenues have no budgetary effects for purposes 
                        of this chapter.
                            (5) The term ``debit'' refers to the net 
                        total amount, when positive, by which costs 
                        recorded on the PAYGO scorecards for a fiscal 
                        year exceed savings recorded on those scorecards 
                        for that year.
                            (6) The term ``entitlement law'' refers to a 
                        section of law which provides entitlement 
                        authority.
                            (7) The term ``PAYGO legislation'' or a 
                        ``PAYGO Act'' refers to a bill or joint 
                        resolution that affects direct spending or 
                        revenue relative to the baseline. The budgetary 
                        effects of changes in revenues and outyear 
                        modifications to substantive law included in 
                        appropriation Acts as defined in paragraph (4) 
                        shall be treated as if they were contained in 
                        PAYGO legislation or a PAYGO Act.
                            (8) The term ``timing shift'' refers to a 
                        delay of the date on which outlays flowing from 
                        direct spending would otherwise occur from the 
                        ninth outyear to the tenth outyear or an 
                        acceleration of the date on which revenues would 
                        otherwise occur from the tenth outyear to the 
                        ninth outyear. (Pub. L. 111-139, Title I, 
                        Sec. 3, Feb. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 8.)
       313  Sec. 933. PAYGO estimates and PAYGO scorecards
            (a) PAYGO estimates
                (1) Required designation in PAYGO Acts
                            (A) House of Representatives
                            To establish the budgetary effects of a 
                        PAYGO Act consistent with the determination made 
                        by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, a 
                        PAYGO Act originated in or amended by the House 
                        of Representatives may include the following 
                        statement: ``The budgetary effects of this Act, 
                        for the purpose of complying with the Statutory 
                        Pay-As-You-Go-Act of 2010, shall be determined 
                        by reference to the latest statement titled 
                        `Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation' for 
                        this Act, submitted for printing in the 
                        Congressional Record by the Chairman of the 
                        House Budget Committee, provided that such 
                        statement has been submitted prior to the vote 
                        on passage.''.
                            (B) Senate
                            To establish the budgetary effects of a 
                        PAYGO Act consistent with the determination made 
                        by the Chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, 
                        a PAYGO Act originated in or amended by the 
                        Senate shall include the following statement: 
                        ``The budgetary effects of this Act, for the 
                        purpose of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-
                        You-Go-Act of 2010, shall be determined by 
                        reference to the latest statement titled 
                        `Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation' for 
                        this Act, submitted for printing in the 
                        Congressional Record by the Chairman of the 
                        Senate Budget Committee, provided that such 
                        statement has been submitted prior to the vote 
                        on passage.''.

[[Page 306]]

                            (C) Conference reports and amendments 
                        between the Houses
                            To establish the budgetary effects of the 
                        conference report on a PAYGO Act, or an 
                        amendment to an amendment between Houses on a 
                        PAYGO Act, which if estimated shall be estimated 
                        jointly by the Chairmen of the House and Senate 
                        Budget Committees, the conference report or 
                        amendment between the Houses shall include the 
                        following statement: ``The budgetary effects of 
                        this Act, for the purpose of complying with the 
                        Statutory Pay-As-You-Go-Act of 2010, shall be 
                        determined by reference to the latest statement 
                        titled `Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation' 
                        for this Act, jointly submitted for printing in 
                        the Congressional Record by the Chairmen of the 
                        House and Senate Budget Committees, provided 
                        that such statement has been submitted prior to 
                        the vote on passage in the House acting first on 
                        this conference report or amendment between the 
                        Houses.''.
                (2) Determination of budgetary effects of PAYGO Acts
                            (A) Original legislation

                                (i) Statement and estimate

                                Prior to a vote on passage of a PAYGO 
                            Act originated or amended by one House, the 
                            Chairman of the Budget Committee of that 
                            House may submit for printing in the 
                            Congressional Record a statement titled 
                            ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' 
                            which shall include an estimate of the 
                            budgetary effects of that Act, if available 
                            prior to passage of the Act by that House 
                            and shall submit, if applicable, an 
                            identification of any current policy 
                            adjustments made pursuant to section 936 of 
                            this title. The timely submission of such a 
                            statement, in conjunction with the 
                            appropriate designation made pursuant to 
                            paragraph (1)(A) or (1)(B), as applicable, 
                            shall establish the budgetary effects of the 
                            PAYGO Act for the purposes of this Act.

                                (ii) Effect

                                The latest statement submitted by the 
                            Chairman of the Budget Committee of that 
                            House prior to passage shall supersede any 
                            prior statements submitted in the 
                            Congressional Record and shall be valid only 
                            if the PAYGO Act is not further amended by 
                            either House.

                                (iii) Failure to submit estimate

                                If--

                                        (I) the estimate required by 
                                    clause (i) has not been submitted 
                                    prior to passage by that House;

                                        (II) such estimate has been 
                                    submitted but is no longer valid due 
                                    to a subsequent amendment to the 
                                    PAYGO Act; or

                                        (III) the designation required 
                                    pursuant to this subsection has not 
                                    been made;

                                        the budgetary effects of the 
                                    PAYGO Act shall be determined under 
                                    subsection (d)(3), provided that 
                                    this clause shall not apply if a 
                                    valid designation is subsequently 
                                    included in that PAYGO Act pursuant 
                                    to paragraph (1)(C) and a statement 
                                    is submitted pursuant to 
                                    subparagraph (B).

[[Page 307]]

                            (B) Conference reports and amendments 
                        between Houses

                                (i) In general

                Prior to the adoption of a report of a committee of 
            conference on a PAYGO Act in either House, or disposition of 
            an amendment to an amendment between Houses on a PAYGO Act, 
            the Chairmen of the Budget Committees of the House and 
            Senate may jointly submit for printing in the Congressional 
            Record a statement titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO 
            Legislation'' which shall include an estimate of the 
            budgetary effects of that Act if available prior to passage 
            of the Act by the House acting first on the legislation and 
            shall submit, if applicable, an identification of any 
            current policy adjustments made pursuant to section 936 of 
            this title. The timely submission of such a statement, in 
            conjunction with the appropriate designation made pursuant 
            to paragraph (1)(C), shall establish the budgetary effects 
            of the PAYGO Act for the purposes of this Act.

                                (ii) Failure to submit estimate

                If such estimate has not been submitted prior to the 
            adoption of a report of a committee of conference by either 
            House, or if the designation required pursuant to this 
            subsection has not been made, the budgetary effects of the 
            PAYGO Act shall be determined under subsection (d)(3).
                (3) Procedure in the Senate
                In the Senate, upon submission of a statement titled 
            ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' by the Chairman 
            of the Senate Budget Committee for printing in the 
            Congressional Record, the Legislative Clerk shall read the 
            statement.
                (4) Jurisdiction of the Budget Committees
                For the purposes of enforcing section 637 of this title, 
            a designation made pursuant to paragraph (1)(A), (1)(B), or 
            (1)(C), that includes only the language specifically 
            prescribed therein, shall not be considered a matter within 
            the jurisdiction of either the Senate or House Committees on 
            the Budget.
            (b) Omitted
            (c) Current policy adjustments for certain legislation
                (1) In general
                For any provision of legislation that meets the criteria 
            in subsection (c), (d), (e) or (f) of section 936 of this 
            title, the Chairs of the Committees on the Budget of the 
            House and Senate, as applicable, shall request that CBO 
            adjust the estimate of budgetary effects of that legislation 
            pursuant to paragraph (2) for the purposes of this chapter. 
            A single piece of legislation may contain provisions that 
            meet criteria in more than one of the subsections referred 
            to in the preceding sentence. CBO shall adjust estimates for 
            legislation designated under subsection (a) and estimated 
            under subsection (b). OMB shall adjust estimates for 
            legislation estimated under subsection (d)(3).
                (2) Adjustments
                            (A) Estimates
                CBO or OMB, as applicable, shall exclude from the 
            estimate of budgetary effects any budgetary effects of a 
            provision that meets the criteria in subsection (c), (d), 
            (e) or (f) of section 936 of this title, to the extent that 
            those budgetary effects, when combined with all other 
            excluded budgetary effects of any other previously 
            designated provisions of en

[[Page 308]]

            acted legislation under the same subsection of section 936 
            of this title, do not exceed the maximum applicable current 
            policy adjustment defined under the applicable subsection of 
            section 936 of this title for the applicable 10-year period.
                            (B) Baseline
                Any estimate made pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be 
            prepared using baseline estimates supplied by the 
            Congressional Budget Office, consistent with section 907 of 
            this title. CBO estimates of legislation adjusted for 
            current policy shall include a separate presentation of 
            costs excluded from the calculation of budgetary effects for 
            the legislation, as well as an updated total of all excluded 
            costs of provisions within subsection (c), (d), or (e) of 
            section 936 of this title, as applicable, and in the case of 
            paragraph (1) of section 936(f) of this title, within any of 
            the subparagraphs (A) through (L) of such paragraph, as 
            applicable.
                (3) Limitation on availability of excess savings
                            (A) Prohibition on use of excess saving for 
                        ineligible policies
                To the extent the adjustment for current policy of any 
            provision estimated under this subsection exceeds the 
            estimated budgetary effects of that provision, these excess 
            savings shall not be available to offset the costs of any 
            provisions not otherwise eligible for a current policy 
            adjustment under section 936 of this title, and shall not be 
            counted on the PAYGO scorecards established pursuant to 
            subsections (d)(4) and (d)(5).
                            (B) Prohibition on use of excess savings 
                        across budget areas
                For provisions eligible for a current policy adjustment 
            under subsections (c) through (f) of section 936 of this 
            title, to the extent the adjustment for current policy of 
            any provision exceeds the estimated budgetary effects of 
            that same provision, the excess savings shall be available 
            only to offset the costs of other provisions that qualify 
            for a current policy adjustment in that same subsection. 
            Each paragraph in section 936(f)(1) of this title shall be 
            considered a separate subsection for purposes of this 
            section.
                (4) Further guidance on estimating budgetary effects
                Estimates of budgetary effects under this subsection 
            shall be consistent with the guidance provided at section 
            936(h) of this title.
                (5) Inclusion of statement
                For PAYGO legislation adjusted pursuant to section 936 
            of this title, the Chairman of the House or Senate Budget 
            Committee, as applicable, shall include in any statement 
            titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation'', submitted 
            for that legislation pursuant to this section, an 
            explanation of the current policy designation and 
            adjustments.
            (d) OMB PAYGO scorecards
                (1) In general
                            OMB shall maintain and make publicly 
                        available a continuously updated document 
                        containing two PAYGO scorecards displaying the 
                        budgetary effects of PAYGO legislation as 
                        determined under section 639 of this title, 
                        applying the look-back requirement in subsection 
                        (e) and the averaging requirement in subsection 
                        (f), and a separate addendum displaying the 
                        estimates of the costs of provisions designated 
                        in statute as emergency requirements.

[[Page 309]]

                (2) Estimates in legislation
                            Except as provided in paragraph (3), in 
                        making the calculations for the PAYGO 
                        scorecards, OMB shall use the budgetary effects 
                        included by reference in the applicable 
                        legislation pursuant to subsection (a).
                (3) OMB PAYGO estimates
                            If a PAYGO Act does not contain a valid 
                        reference to its budgetary effects consistent 
                        with subsection (a), OMB shall estimate the 
                        budgetary effects of that legislation upon its 
                        enactment. The OMB estimate shall be based on 
                        the approaches to scorekeeping set forth in 
                        section 639 of this title, as amended by this 
                        title,3 and subsection (g)(4), and shall use the 
                        same economic and technical assumptions as used 
                        in the most recent budget submitted by the 
                        President under section 1105(a) of title 31.
                (4) 5-year scorecard
                            The first scorecard shall display the 
                        budgetary effects of PAYGO legislation in each 
                        year over the 5-year period beginning in the 
                        budget year.
                (5) 10-year scorecard
                            The second scorecard shall display the 
                        budgetary effects of PAYGO legislation in each 
                        year over the 10-year period beginning in the 
                        budget year.
                (6) Community Living Assistance Services and Supports 
            Act
                            Neither scorecard maintained by OMB pursuant 
                        to this subsection shall include net savings 
                        from any provisions of legislation titled 
                        ``Community Living Assistance Services and 
                        Supports Act'', which establishes a Federal 
                        insurance program for long-term care, if such 
                        legislation is enacted into law, or amended, 
                        subsequent to February 12, 2010.
            (e) Look-back to capture current-year effects
                For purposes of this section, OMB shall treat the 
            budgetary effects of PAYGO legislation enacted during a 
            session of Congress that occur during the current year as 
            though they occurred in the budget year.
            (f) Averaging used to measure compliance over 5-year and 10-
                year periods
                OMB shall cumulate the budgetary effects of a PAYGO Act 
            over the budget year (which includes any look-back effects 
            under subsection (e)) and--
                            (1) for purposes of the 5-year scorecard 
                        referred to in subsection (d)(4), the four 
                        subsequent outyears, divide that cumulative 
                        total by five, and enter the quotient in the 
                        budget-year column and in each subsequent column 
                        of the 5-year PAYGO scorecard; and
                            (2) for purposes of the 10-year scorecard 
                        referred to in subsection (d)(5), the nine 
                        subsequent outyears, divide that cumulative 
                        total by ten, and enter the quotient in the 
                        budget-year column and in each subsequent column 
                        of the 10-year PAYGO scorecard.
            (g) Emergency legislation
                (1) Designation in statute
                            If a provision of direct spending or revenue 
                        legislation in a PAYGO Act is enacted as an 
                        emergency requirement that the Congress so 
                        designates in statute pursuant to this section, 
                        the amounts of new

[[Page 310]]

                        budget authority, outlays, and revenue in all 
                        fiscal years resulting from that provision shall 
                        be treated as an emergency requirement for the 
                        purposes of this Act.

                (2) Designation in the House of Representatives

                            If a PAYGO Act includes a provision 
                        expressly designated as an emergency for the 
                        purposes of this chapter, the Chair shall put 
                        the question of consideration with respect 
                        thereto.

                (3) Point of order in the Senate

                            (A) In general

                            When the Senate is considering a PAYGO Act, 
                        if a point of order is made by a Senator against 
                        an emergency designation in that measure, that 
                        provision making such a designation shall be 
                        stricken from the measure and may not be offered 
                        as an amendment from the floor.

                            (B) Supermajority waiver and appeals

                                (i) Waiver

                                Subparagraph (A) may be waived or 
                            suspended in the Senate only by an 
                            affirmative vote of three-fifths of the 
                            Members, duly chosen and sworn.

                                (ii) Appeals

                                Appeals in the Senate from the decisions 
                            of the Chair relating to any provision of 
                            this subsection shall be limited to 1 hour, 
                            to be equally divided between, and 
                            controlled by, the appellant and the manager 
                            of the bill or joint resolution, as the case 
                            may be. An affirmative vote of three-fifths 
                            of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen 
                            and sworn, shall be required to sustain an 
                            appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point 
                            of order raised under this subsection.

                            (C) Definition of an emergency designation

                            For purposes of subparagraph (A), a 
                        provision shall be considered an emergency 
                        designation if it designates any item as an 
                        emergency requirement pursuant to this 
                        subsection.

                            (D) Form of the point of order

                            A point of order under subparagraph (A) may 
                        be raised by a Senator as provided in section 
                        644(e) of this title.

                            (E) Conference reports

                            When the Senate is considering a conference 
                        report on, or an amendment between the Houses in 
                        relation to, a PAYGO Act, upon a point of order 
                        being made by any Senator pursuant to this 
                        section, and such point of order being 
                        sustained, such material contained in such 
                        conference report shall be deemed stricken, and 
                        the Senate shall proceed to consider the 
                        question of whether the Senate shall recede from 
                        its amendment and concur with a further 
                        amendment, or concur in the House amendment with 
                        a further amendment, as the case may be, which 
                        further amendment shall consist of only that 
                        portion of the conference report or House 
                        amendment, as the case may be, not so stricken. 
                        Any such motion in the Senate shall be 
                        debatable. In any case in which such point of 
                        order is sustained against a conference report 
                        (or Senate amendment derived from

[[Page 311]]

                        such conference report by operation of this 
                        subsection), no further amendment shall be in 
                        order.

                            (4) Effect of designation on scoring
                            If a provision is designated as an emergency 
                        requirement under this Act, CBO or OMB, as 
                        applicable, shall not include the budgetary 
                        effects of such a provision in its estimate of 
                        the budgetary effects of that PAYGO legislation. 
                        (Pub. L. 111-139, Title I, Sec. 4, Feb. 12, 
                        2010, 124 Stat. 9.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       314  Sec. 938. Determinations and points of order
                Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as limiting 
            the authority of the chairmen of the Committees on the 
            Budget of the House and Senate under section 643 of this 
            title. CBO may consult with the Chairmen of the House and 
            Senate Budget Committees to resolve any ambiguities in this 
            chapter. (Pub. L. 111-139, Title I, Sec. 12, Feb. 12, 2010, 
            124 Stat. 29.)
       315  Sec. 939. Limitation on changes to the Social Security Act
            (a) Limitation on changes to the Social Security Act
                Notwithstanding any other provision of law, it shall not 
            be in order in the Senate or the House of Representatives to 
            consider any bill or resolution pursuant to any expedited 
            procedure to consider the recommendations of a Task Force 
            for Responsible Fiscal Action or other commission that 
            contains recommendations with respect to the old-age, 
            survivors, and disability insurance program established 
            under title II of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 401 et 
            seq.], or the taxes received under subchapter A of chapter 
            9; the taxes imposed by subchapter E of chapter 1; and the 
            taxes collected under section 86 of part II of subchapter B 
            of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code.
            (b) Waiver
                This section may be waived or suspended in the Senate 
            only by the affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, 
            duly chosen and sworn.
            (c) Appeals
                An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members of 
            the Senate, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required in the 
            Senate to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a 
            point of order raised under this section. (Pub. L. 111-139, 
            Title I, Sec. 13, Feb. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 29.)

                      Chapter 24--CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY

       316  Sec. 1383. Procedural rules
            (a) In general
                The Executive Director shall, subject to the approval of 
            the Board, adopt rules governing the procedures of the 
            Office, including the procedures of hearing officers, which 
            shall be submitted for publication in the Congressional 
            Record. The rules may be amended in the same manner.
            (b) Procedure
                The Executive Director shall adopt rules referred to in 
            subsection (a) in accordance with the principles and 
            procedures set forth in section

[[Page 312]]

            553 of title 5. The Executive Director shall publish a 
            general notice of proposed rulemaking under section 553(b) 
            of title 5, but, instead of publication of a general notice 
            of proposed rulemaking in the Federal Register, the 
            Executive Director shall transmit such notice to the Speaker 
            of the House of Representatives and the President pro 
            tempore of the Senate for publication in the Congressional 
            Record on the first day on which both Houses are in session 
            following such transmittal. Before adopting rules, the 
            Executive Director shall provide a comment period of at 
            least 30 days after publication of a general notice of 
            proposed rulemaking. Upon adopting rules, the Executive 
            Director shall transmit notice of such action together with 
            a copy of such rules to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate 
            for publication in the Congressional Record on the first day 
            on which both Houses are in session following such 
            transmittal. Rules shall be considered issued by the 
            Executive Director as of the date on which they are 
            published in the Congressional Record. (Pub. L. 104-1, Title 
            III, Sec. 303, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 28.)
       317  Sec. 1384. Substantive regulations
            (a) Regulations
                (1) In general
                            The procedures applicable to the regulations 
                        of the Board issued for the implementation of 
                        this chapter, which shall include regulations 
                        the Board is required to issue under subchapter 
                        II (including regulations on the appropriate 
                        application of exemptions under the laws made 
                        applicable in subchapter II) are as prescribed 
                        in this section.
                (2) Rulemaking procedure
                            Such regulations of the Board--

                                (A) shall be adopted, approved, and 
                            issued in accordance with subsection (b); 
                            and

                                (B) shall consist of 3 separate bodies 
                            of regulations, which shall apply, 
                            respectively, to--

                                        (i) the Senate and employees of 
                                    the Senate;

                                        (ii) the House of 
                                    Representatives and employees of the 
                                    House of Representatives; and

                                        (iii) all other covered 
                                    employees and employing offices.

            (b) Adoption by Board
                The Board shall adopt the regulations referred to in 
            subsection (a)(1) in accordance with the principles and 
            procedures set forth in section 553 of title 5 and as 
            provided in the following provisions of this subsection:
                            (1) Proposal

                                The Board shall publish a general notice 
                            of proposed rulemaking under section 553(b) 
                            of title 5, but, instead of publication of a 
                            general notice of proposed rulemaking in the 
                            Federal Register, the Board shall transmit 
                            such notice to the Speaker of the House of 
                            Representatives and the President pro 
                            tempore of the Senate for publication in the 
                            Congressional Record on the first day on 
                            which both Houses are in session following 
                            such transmittal. Such notice shall set 
                            forth the recommendations of the Deputy 
                            Director for the Senate in regard to 
                            regulations under subsection (a)(2)(B)(i), 
                            the recommendations of the

[[Page 313]]

                            Deputy Director for the House of 
                            Representatives in regard to regulations 
                            under subsection (a)(2)(B)(ii), and the 
                            recommendations of the Executive Director 
                            for regulations under subsection 
                            (a)(2)(B)(iii).

                            (2) Comment

                                Before adopting regulations, the Board 
                            shall provide a comment period of at least 
                            30 days after publication of a general 
                            notice of proposed rulemaking.

                            (3) Adoption

                                After considering comments, the Board 
                            shall adopt regulations and shall transmit 
                            notice of such action together with a copy 
                            of such regulations to the Speaker of the 
                            House of Representatives and the President 
                            pro tempore of the Senate for publication in 
                            the Congressional Record on the first day on 
                            which both Houses are in session following 
                            such transmittal.

                            (4) Recommendation as to method of approval

                                The Board shall include a recommendation 
                            in the general notice of proposed rulemaking 
                            and in the regulations as to whether the 
                            regulations should be approved by resolution 
                            of the Senate, by resolution of the House of 
                            Representatives, by concurrent resolution, 
                            or by joint resolution.

            (c) Approval of regulations
                (1) In general
                            Regulations referred to in paragraph 
                        (2)(B)(i) of subsection (a) may be approved by 
                        the Senate by resolution or by the Congress by 
                        concurrent resolution or by joint resolution. 
                        Regulations referred to in paragraph (2)(B)(ii) 
                        of subsection (a) may be approved by the House 
                        of Representatives by resolution or by the 
                        Congress by concurrent resolution or by joint 
                        resolution. Regulations referred to in paragraph 
                        (2)(B)(iii) may be approved by Congress by 
                        concurrent resolution or by joint resolution.
                (2) Referral
                            Upon receipt of a notice of adoption of 
                        regulations under subsection (b)(3), the 
                        presiding officers of the House of 
                        Representatives and the Senate shall refer such 
                        notice, together with a copy of such 
                        regulations, to the appropriate committee or 
                        committees of the House of Representatives and 
                        of the Senate. The purpose of the referral shall 
                        be to consider whether such regulations should 
                        be approved, and, if so, whether such approval 
                        should be by resolution of the House of 
                        Representatives or of the Senate, by concurrent 
                        resolution or by joint resolution.
                (3) Joint referral and discharge in the Senate
                            The presiding officer of the Senate may 
                        refer the notice of issuance of regulations, or 
                        any resolution of approval of regulations, to 
                        one committee or jointly to more than one 
                        committee. If a committee of the Senate acts to 
                        report a jointly referred measure, any other 
                        committee of the Senate must act within 30 
                        calendar days of continuous session, or be 
                        automatically discharged.
                (4) One-House resolution or concurrent resolution
                            In the case of a resolution of the House of 
                        Representatives or the Senate or a concurrent 
                        resolution referred to in paragraph (1), the 
                        matter after the resolving clause shall be the 
                        following: ``The following regulations issued by 
                        the Office of Congressional Work

[[Page 314]]

                        place Rights on _____ are hereby approved:'' 
                        (the blank space being appropriately filled in, 
                        and the text of the regulations being set 
                        forth).
                (5) Joint resolution
                            In the case of a joint resolution referred 
                        to in paragraph (1), the matter after the 
                        resolving clause shall be the following: ``The 
                        following regulations issued by the Office of 
                        Congressional Workplace Rights on _____ are 
                        hereby approved and shall have the force and 
                        effect of law:'' (the blank space being 
                        appropriately filled in, and the text of the 
                        regulations being set forth).
            (d) Issuance and effective date
                (1) Publication
                            After approval of regulations under 
                        subsection (c), the Board shall submit the 
                        regulations to the Speaker of the House of 
                        Representatives and the President pro tempore of 
                        the Senate for publication in the Congressional 
                        Record on the first day on which both Houses are 
                        in session following such transmittal.
                (2) Date of issuance
                            The date of issuance of regulations shall be 
                        the date on which they are published in the 
                        Congressional Record under paragraph (1).
                (3) Effective date
                            Regulations shall become effective not less 
                        than 60 days after the regulations are issued, 
                        except that the Board may provide for an earlier 
                        effective date for good cause found (within the 
                        meaning of section 553(d)(3) of title 5) and 
                        published with the regulation.
            (e) Amendment of regulations
                Regulations may be amended in the same manner as is 
            described in this section for the adoption, approval, and 
            issuance of regulations, except that the Board may, in its 
            discretion, dispense with publication of a general notice of 
            proposed rulemaking of minor, technical, or urgent 
            amendments that satisfy the criteria for dispensing with 
            publication of such notice pursuant to section 553(b)(B) of 
            title 5. (Pub. L. 104-1, Title III, Sec. 304, Jan. 23, 1995, 
            109 Stat. 29; Pub. L. 115-397, Title III, Sec. 308(b)(12), 
            (13), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5326.)

                                    * * * * * * *
                               3 u.s.c.--the president

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law


[[Page 315]]
 
                            TITLE 3--THE PRESIDENT
            
                   Chapter 1--PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND VACANCIES

       318  Sec. 5. Determination of controversy as to appointment of 
                electors
                If any State shall have provided, by laws enacted prior 
            to the day fixed for the appointment of the electors, for 
            its final determination of any controversy or contest 
            concerning the appointment of all or any of the electors of 
            such State, by judicial or other methods or procedures, and 
            such determination shall have been made at least six days 
            before the time fixed for the meeting of the electors, such 
            determination made pursuant to such law so existing on said 
            day, and made at least six days prior to said time of 
            meeting of the electors, shall be conclusive, and shall 
            govern in the counting of the electoral votes as provided in 
            the Constitution, and as hereinafter regulated, so far as 
            the ascertainment of the electors appointed by such State is 
            concerned. (June 25, 1948, ch. 644, 62 Stat. 673.)
       319  Sec. 6. Credentials of electors; transmission to Archivist 
                of the United States and to Congress; public inspection
                It shall be the duty of the executive of each State, as 
            soon as practicable after the conclusion of the appointment 
            of the electors in such State by the final ascertainment, 
            under and in pursuance of the laws of such State providing 
            for such ascertainment, to communicate by registered mail 
            under the seal of the State to the Archivist of the United 
            States a certificate of such ascertainment of the electors 
            appointed, setting forth the names of such electors and the 
            canvass or other ascertainment under the laws of such State 
            of the number of votes given or cast for each person for 
            whose appointment any and all votes have been given or cast; 
            and it shall also thereupon be the duty of the executive of 
            each State to deliver to the electors of such State, on or 
            before the day on which they are required by section 7 of 
            this title to meet, six duplicate-originals of the same 
            certificate under the seal of the State; and if there shall 
            have been any final determination in a State in the manner 
            provided for by law of a controversy or contest concerning 
            the appointment of all or any of the electors of such State, 
            it shall be the duty of the executive of such State, as soon 
            as practicable after such determination, to communicate 
            under the seal of the State to the Archivist of the United 
            States a certificate of such determination in form and 
            manner as the same shall have been made; and the certificate 
            or certificates so received by the Archivist of the United 
            States shall be preserved by him for one year and shall be a 
            part of the public records of his office and shall be open 
            to public inspection; and the Archivist of the United States 
            at the first meeting of Congress thereafter shall transmit 
            to the two Houses of Congress copies in full of each and 
            every such certificate so received at the National Archives 
            and Records Administration. (June 25, 1948, ch. 644, 62 
            Stat. 673; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, Sec. 6, 65 Stat. 711; 
            Pub. L. 98-497, Title I, Sec. 107(e)(1), (2)(A), Oct. 19, 
            1984, 98 Stat. 2291.)

[[Page 316]]


       320  Sec. 15. Counting electoral votes in Congress
                Congress shall be in session on the sixth day of January 
            succeeding every meeting of the electors. The Senate and 
            House of Representatives shall meet in the Hall of the House 
            of Representatives at the hour of 1 o'clock in the afternoon 
            on that day, and the President of the Senate shall be their 
            presiding officer. Two tellers shall be previously appointed 
            on the part of the Senate and two on the part of the House 
            of Representatives, to whom shall be handed, as they are 
            opened by the President of the Senate, all the certificates 
            and papers purporting to be certificates of the electoral 
            votes, which certificates and papers shall be opened, 
            presented, and acted upon in the alphabetical order of the 
            States, beginning with the letter A; and said tellers, 
            having then read the same in the presence and hearing of the 
            two Houses, shall make a list of the votes as they shall 
            appear from the said certificates; and the votes having been 
            ascertained and counted according to the rules in this 
            subchapter provided, the result of the same shall be 
            delivered to the President of the Senate, who shall 
            thereupon announce the state of the vote, which announcement 
            shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of the persons, if 
            any, elected President and Vice President of the United 
            States, and, together with a list of the votes, be entered 
            on the Journals of the two Houses. Upon such reading of any 
            such certificate or paper, the President of the Senate shall 
            call for objections, if any. Every objection shall be made 
            in writing, and shall state clearly and concisely, and 
            without argument, the ground thereof, and shall be signed by 
            at least one Senator and one Member of the House of 
            Representatives before the same shall be received. When all 
            objections so made to any vote or paper from a State shall 
            have been received and read, the Senate shall thereupon 
            withdraw, and such objections shall be submitted to the 
            Senate for its decision; and the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives shall, in like manner, submit such 
            objections to the House of Representatives for its decision; 
            and no electoral vote or votes from any State which shall 
            have been regularly given by electors whose appointment has 
            been lawfully certified to according to section 6 of this 
            title from which but one return has been received shall be 
            rejected, but the two Houses concurrently may reject the 
            vote or votes when they agree that such vote or votes have 
            not been so regularly given by electors whose appointment 
            has been so certified. If more than one return or paper 
            purporting to be a return from a State shall have been 
            received by the President of the Senate, those votes, and 
            those only, shall be counted which shall have been regularly 
            given by the electors who are shown by the determination 
            mentioned in section 5 of this title to have been appointed, 
            if the determination in said section provided for shall have 
            been made, or by such successors or substitutes, in case of 
            a vacancy in the board of electors so ascertained, as have 
            been appointed to fill such vacancy in the mode provided by 
            the laws of the State; but in case there shall arise the 
            question which of two or more of such State authorities 
            determining what electors have been appointed, as mentioned 
            in section 5 of this title, is the lawful tribunal of such 
            State, the votes regularly given of those electors, and 
            those only, of such State shall be counted whose title as 
            electors the two Houses, acting separately, shall 
            concurrently decide is supported by the decision of such 
            State so authorized by its law; and in such case of more 
            than one return or paper purporting

[[Page 317]]

            to be a return from a State, if there shall have been no 
            such determination of the question in the State aforesaid, 
            then those votes, and those only, shall be counted which the 
            two Houses shall concurrently decide were cast by lawful 
            electors appointed in accordance with the laws of the State, 
            unless the two Houses, acting separately, shall concurrently 
            decide such votes not to be the lawful votes of the legally 
            appointed electors of such State. But if the two Houses 
            shall disagree in respect of the counting of such votes, 
            then, and in that case, the votes of the electors whose 
            appointment shall have been certified by the executive of 
            the State, under the seal thereof, shall be counted. When 
            the two Houses have voted, they shall immediately again 
            meet, and the presiding officer shall then announce the 
            decision of the questions submitted. No votes or papers from 
            any other State shall be acted upon until the objections 
            previously made to the votes or papers from any State shall 
            have been finally disposed of.  (June 25, 1948, ch. 644, 
            Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 675.)
       321  Sec. 16. Same; seats for officers and Members of two Houses 
                in joint meeting
                At such joint meeting of the two Houses seats shall be 
            provided as follows: For the President of the Senate, the 
            Speaker's chair; for the Speaker, immediately upon his left; 
            the Senators, in the body of the Hall upon the right of the 
            presiding officer; for the Representatives, in the body of 
            the Hall not provided for the Senators; for the tellers, 
            Secretary of the Senate, and Clerk of the House of 
            Representatives, at the Clerk's desk; for the other officers 
            of the two Houses, in front of the Clerk's desk and upon 
            each side of the Speaker's platform. Such joint meeting 
            shall not be dissolved until the count of electoral votes 
            shall be completed and the result declared; and no recess 
            shall be taken unless a question shall have arisen in regard 
            to counting any such votes, or otherwise under this 
            subchapter, in which case it shall be competent for either 
            House, acting separately, in the manner hereinbefore 
            provided, to direct a recess of such House not beyond the 
            next calendar day, Sunday excepted, at the hour of 10 
            o'clock in the forenoon. But if the counting of the 
            electoral votes and the declaration of the result shall not 
            have been completed before the fifth calendar day next after 
            such first meeting of the two Houses, no further or other 
            recess shall be taken by either House.  (June 25, 1948, ch. 
            644, Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 676.)
       322  Sec. 17. Same; limit of debate in each House
                When the two Houses separate to decide upon an objection 
            that may have been made to the counting of any electoral 
            vote or votes from any State, or other question arising in 
            the matter, each Senator and Representative may speak to 
            such objection or question five minutes, and not more than 
            once; but after such debate shall have lasted two hours it 
            shall be the duty of the presiding officer of each House to 
            put the main question without further debate.  (June 25, 
            1948, ch. 644, Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 676.)
       323  Sec. 18. Same; parliamentary procedure at joint meeting
                While the two Houses shall be in meeting as provided in 
            this chapter, the President of the Senate shall have power 
            to preserve order; and no debate shall be allowed and no 
            question shall be put by the presiding officer except to 
            either House on a motion to withdraw.  (June 25, 1948, ch. 
            644, Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 676; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1263, Sec. 3, 
            68 Stat. 1227.)
                   5 u.s.c.--government organization and employees

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law


[[Page 318]]
 
                   TITLE 5--GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

            
                Chapter 8--CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF AGENCY RULEMAKING

       324  Sec. 801. Congressional review
                (a)(1)(A) Before a rule can take effect, the Federal 
            agency promulgating such rule shall submit to each House of 
            the Congress and to the Comptroller General a report 
            containing--
                            (i) a copy of the rule;
                            (ii) a concise general statement relating to 
                        the rule, including whether it is a major rule; 
                        and
                            (iii) the proposed effective date of the 
                        rule.
                (B) On the date of the submission of the report under 
            subparagraph (A), the Federal agency promulgating the rule 
            shall submit to the Comptroller General and make available 
            to each House of Congress--
                            (i) a complete copy of the cost-benefit 
                        analysis of the rule, if any;
                            (ii) the agency's actions relevant to 
                        sections 603, 604, 605, 607, and 609;
                            (iii) the agency's actions relevant to 
                        sections 202, 203, 204, and 205 of the Unfunded 
                        Mandates Reform Act of 1995; and
                            (iv) any other relevant information or 
                        requirements under any other Act and any 
                        relevant Executive orders.
                (C) Upon receipt of a report submitted under 
            subparagraph (A), each House shall provide copies of the 
            report to the chairman and ranking member of each standing 
            committee with jurisdiction under the rules of the House of 
            Representatives or the Senate to report a bill to amend the 
            provision of law under which the rule is issued.
                (2)(A) The Comptroller General shall provide a report on 
            each major rule to the committees of jurisdiction in each 
            House of the Congress by the end of 15 calendar days after 
            the submission or publication date as provided in section 
            802(b)(2). The report of the Comptroller General shall 
            include an assessment of the agency's compliance with 
            procedural steps required by paragraph (1)(B).
                (B) Federal agencies shall cooperate with the 
            Comptroller General by providing information relevant to the 
            Comptroller General's report under subparagraph (A).
                (3) A major rule relating to a report submitted under 
            paragraph (1) shall take effect on the latest of--
                            (A) the later of the date occurring 60 days 
                        after the date on which--

                                (i) the Congress receives the report 
                            submitted under paragraph (1); or

                                (ii) the rule is published in the 
                            Federal Register, if so published;

[[Page 319]]

                            (B) if the Congress passes a joint 
                        resolution of disapproval described in section 
                        802 relating to the rule, and the President 
                        signs a veto of such resolution, the earlier 
                        date--

                                (i) on which either House of Congress 
                            votes and fails to override the veto of the 
                            President; or

                                (ii) occurring 30 session days after the 
                            date on which the Congress received the veto 
                            and objections of the President; or

                            (C) the date the rule would have otherwise 
                        taken effect, if not for this section (unless a 
                        joint resolution of disapproval under section 
                        802 is enacted).
                (4) Except for a major rule, a rule shall take effect as 
            otherwise provided by law after submission to Congress under 
            paragraph (1).
                (5) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), the effective date of 
            a rule shall not be delayed by operation of this chapter 
            beyond the date on which either House of Congress votes to 
            reject a joint resolution of disapproval under section 802.
                (b)(1) A rule shall not take effect (or continue), if 
            the Congress enacts a joint resolution of disapproval, 
            described under section 802, of the rule.
                (2) A rule that does not take effect (or does not 
            continue) under paragraph (1) may not be reissued in 
            substantially the same form, and a new rule that is 
            substantially the same as such a rule may not be issued, 
            unless the reissued or new rule is specifically authorized 
            by a law enacted after the date of the joint resolution 
            disapproving the original rule.
                (c)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
            section (except subject to paragraph (3)), a rule that would 
            not take effect by reason of subsection (a)(3) may take 
            effect, if the President makes a determination under 
            paragraph (2) and submits written notice of such 
            determination to the Congress.
                (2) Paragraph (1) applies to a determination made by the 
            President by Executive order that the rule should take 
            effect because such rule is--
                            (A) necessary because of an imminent threat 
                        to health or safety or other emergency;
                            (B) necessary for the enforcement of 
                        criminal laws;
                            (C) necessary for national security; or
                            (D) issued pursuant to any statute 
                        implementing an international trade agreement.
                (3) An exercise by the President of the authority under 
            this subsection shall have no effect on the procedures under 
            section 802 or the effect of a joint resolution of 
            disapproval under this section.
                (d)(1) In addition to the opportunity for review 
            otherwise provided under this chapter, in the case of any 
            rule for which a report was submitted in accordance with 
            subsection (a)(1)(A) during the period beginning on the date 
            occurring--
                            (A) in the case of the Senate, 60 session 
                        days, or
                            (B) in the case of the House of 
                        Representatives, 60 legislative days,

            before the date the Congress adjourns a session of Congress 
            through the date on which the same or succeeding Congress 
            first convenes its next session, section 802 shall apply to 
            such rule in the succeeding session of Congress.

[[Page 320]]

                (2)(A) In applying section 802 for purposes of such 
            additional review, a rule described under paragraph (1) 
            shall be treated as though--
                            (i) such rule were published in the Federal 
                        Register (as a rule that shall take effect) on--

                                (I) in the case of the Senate, the 15th 
                            session day, or

                                (II) in the case of the House of 
                            Representatives, the 15th legislative day, 
                            after the succeeding session of Congress 
                            first convenes; and

                            (ii) a report on such rule were submitted to 
                        Congress under subsection (a)(1) on such date.
                (B) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to 
            affect the requirement under subsection (a)(1) that a report 
            shall be submitted to Congress before a rule can take 
            effect.
                (3) A rule described under paragraph (1) shall take 
            effect as otherwise provided by law (including other 
            subsections of this section).
                (e)(1) For purposes of this subsection, section 802 
            shall also apply to any major rule promulgated between March 
            1, 1996, and the date of the enactment of this chapter.
                (2) In applying section 802 for purposes of 
            Congressional review, a rule described under paragraph (1) 
            shall be treated as though--
                            (A) such rule were published in the Federal 
                        Register on the date of enactment of this 
                        chapter; and
                            (B) a report on such rule were submitted to 
                        Congress under subsection (a)(1) on such date.
                (3) The effectiveness of a rule described under 
            paragraph (1) shall be as otherwise provided by law, unless 
            the rule is made of no force or effect under section 802.
                (f) Any rule that takes effect and later is made of no 
            force or effect by enactment of a joint resolution under 
            section 802 shall be treated as though such rule had never 
            taken effect.
                (g) If the Congress does not enact a joint resolution of 
            disapproval under section 802 respecting a rule, no court or 
            agency may infer any intent of the Congress from any action 
            or inaction of the Congress with regard to such rule, 
            related statute, or joint resolution of disapproval. (Pub. 
            L. 104-121, Title II, Sec. 251, Mar. 29, 1996, 110 Stat. 
            868.)
       325  Sec. 802. Congressional disapproval procedure
                (a) For purposes of this section, the term ``joint 
            resolution'' means only a joint resolution introduced in the 
            period beginning on the date on which the report referred to 
            in section 801(a)(1)(A) is received by Congress and ending 
            60 days thereafter (excluding days either House of Congress 
            is adjourned for more than 3 days during a session of 
            Congress), the matter after the resolving clause of which is 
            as follows: ``That Congress disapproves the rule submitted 
            by the _____ relating to _____, and such rule shall have no 
            force or effect.'' (The blank spaces being appropriately 
            filled in).
                (b)(1) A joint resolution described in subsection (a) 
            shall be referred to the committees in each House of 
            Congress with jurisdiction.
                (2) For purposes of this section, the term ``submission 
            or publication date'' means the later of the date on which--
                            (A) the Congress receives the report 
                        submitted under section 801(a)(1); or
                            (B) the rule is published in the Federal 
                        Register, if so published.

[[Page 321]]

                (c) In the Senate, if the committee to which is referred 
            a joint resolution described in subsection (a) has not 
            reported such joint resolution (or an identical joint 
            resolution) at the end of 20 calendar days after the 
            submission or publication date defined under subsection 
            (b)(2), such committee may be discharged from further 
            consideration of such joint resolution upon a petition 
            supported in writing by 30 Members of the Senate, and such 
            joint resolution shall be placed on the calendar.
                (d)(1) In the Senate, when the committee to which a 
            joint resolution is referred has reported, or when a 
            committee is discharged (under subsection (c)) from further 
            consideration of a joint resolution described in subsection 
            (a), it is at any time thereafter in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) 
            for a motion to proceed to the consideration of the joint 
            resolution, and all points of order against the joint 
            resolution (and against consideration of the joint 
            resolution) are waived. The motion is not subject to 
            amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or to a motion to 
            proceed to the consideration of other business. A motion to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed 
            to the consideration of the joint resolution is agreed to, 
            the joint resolution shall remain the unfinished business of 
            the Senate until disposed of.
                (2) In the Senate, debate on the joint resolution, and 
            on all debatable motions and appeals in connection 
            therewith, shall be limited to not more than 10 hours, which 
            shall be divided equally between those favoring and those 
            opposing the joint resolution. A motion further to limit 
            debate is in order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a 
            motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed to the 
            consideration of other business, or a motion to recommit the 
            joint resolution is not in order.
                (3) In the Senate, immediately following the conclusion 
            of the debate on a joint resolution described in subsection 
            (a), and a single quorum call at the conclusion of the 
            debate if requested in accordance with the rules of the 
            Senate, the vote on final passage of the joint resolution 
            shall occur.
                (4) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure 
            relating to a joint resolution described in subsection (a) 
            shall be decided without debate.
                (e) In the Senate the procedure specified in subsection 
            (c) or (d) shall not apply to the consideration of a joint 
            resolution respecting a rule--
                            (1) after the expiration of the 60 session 
                        days beginning with the applicable submission or 
                        publication date, or
                            (2) if the report under section 801(a)(1)(A) 
                        was submitted during the period referred to in 
                        section 801(d)(1), after the expiration of the 
                        60 session days beginning on the 15th session 
                        day after the succeeding session of Congress 
                        first convenes.
                (f) If, before the passage by one House of a joint 
            resolution of that House described in subsection (a), that 
            House receives from the other House a joint resolution 
            described in subsection (a), then the following procedures 
            shall apply:
                            (1) The joint resolution of the other House 
                        shall not be referred to a committee.
                            (2) With respect to a joint resolution 
                        described in subsection (a) of the House 
                        receiving the joint resolution--

[[Page 322]]

                                (A) the procedure in that House shall be 
                            the same as if no joint resolution had been 
                            received from the other House; but

                                (B) the vote on final passage shall be 
                            on the joint resolution of the other House.

                (g) This section is enacted by Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of a joint 
                        resolution described in subsection (a), and it 
                        supersedes other rules only to the extent that 
                        it is inconsistent with such rules; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 104-121, 
                        Title II, Sec. 251, Mar. 29, 1996, 110 Stat. 
                        871.)
       326  Sec. 803. Special rule on statutory, regulatory, and 
                judicial deadlines
                (a) In the case of any deadline for, relating to, or 
            involving any rule which does not take effect (or the 
            effectiveness of which is terminated) because of enactment 
            of a joint resolution under section 802, that deadline is 
            extended until the date 1 year after the date of enactment 
            of the joint resolution. Nothing in this subsection shall be 
            construed to affect a deadline merely by reason of the 
            postponement of a rule's effective date under section 
            801(a).
                (b) The term ``deadline'' means any date certain for 
            fulfilling any obligation or exercising any authority 
            established by or under any Federal statute or regulation, 
            or by or under any court order implementing any Federal 
            statute or regulation. (Pub. L. 104-121, Title II, Sec. 251, 
            Mar. 29, 1996, 110 Stat. 873.)
       327  Sec. 804. Definitions
                For purposes of this chapter--
                            (1) The term ``Federal agency'' means any 
                        agency as that term is defined in section 
                        551(1).
                            (2) The term ``major rule'' means any rule 
                        that the Administrator of the Office of 
                        Information and Regulatory Affairs of the Office 
                        of Management and Budget finds has resulted in 
                        or is likely to result in--

                                (A) an annual effect on the economy of 
                            $100,000,000 or more;

                                (B) a major increase in costs or prices 
                            for consumers, individual industries, 
                            Federal, State, or local government 
                            agencies, or geographic regions; or

                                (C) significant adverse effects on 
                            competition, employment, investment, 
                            productivity, innovation, or on the ability 
                            of United States-based enterprises to 
                            compete with foreign-based enterprises in 
                            domestic and export markets.

                    The term does not include any rule promulgated under 
                    the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the 
                    amendments made by that Act.
                            (3) The term ``rule'' has the meaning given 
                        such term in section 551, except that such term 
                        does not include--

[[Page 323]]

                                (A) any rule of particular 
                            applicability, including a rule that 
                            approves or prescribes for the future rates, 
                            wages, prices, services, or allowances 
                            therefor, corporate or financial structures, 
                            reorganizations, mergers, or acquisitions 
                            thereof, or accounting practices or 
                            disclosures bearing on any of the foregoing;

                                (B) any rule relating to agency 
                            management or personnel; or

                                (C) any rule of agency organization, 
                            procedure, or practice that does not 
                            substantially affect the rights or 
                            obligations of non-agency parties. (Pub. L. 
                            104-121, Title II, Sec. 251, Mar. 29, 1996, 
                            110 Stat. 873.)

       328  Sec. 805. Judicial review.
                No determination, finding, action, or omission under 
            this chapter shall be subject to judicial review. (Added 
            Pub. L. 104-121, Title II, Sec. 251, Mar. 29, 1996, 110 
            Stat. 873.)
            
                         Chapter 9--EXECUTIVE REORGANIZATION

       329  Sec. 903. Reorganization plans
                (a) Whenever the President, after investigation, finds 
            that changes in the organization of agencies are necessary 
            to carry out any policy set forth in section 901(a) of this 
            title, he shall prepare a reorganization plan specifying the 
            reorganizations he finds are necessary. Any plan may provide 
            for--
                            (1) the transfer of the whole or a part of 
                        an agency, or of the whole or a part of the 
                        functions thereof, to the jurisdiction and 
                        control of another agency;
                            (2) the abolition of all or a part of the 
                        functions of an agency, except that no 
                        enforcement function or statutory program shall 
                        be abolished by the plan;
                            (3) the consolidation or coordination of the 
                        whole or a part of an agency, or of the whole or 
                        a part of the functions thereof, with the whole 
                        or a part of another agency or the functions 
                        thereof;
                            (4) the consolidation or coordination of 
                        part of an agency or the functions thereof with 
                        another part of the same agency or the functions 
                        thereof;
                            (5) the authorization of an officer to 
                        delegate any of his functions; or
                            (6) the abolition of the whole or a part of 
                        an agency which agency or part does not have, or 
                        on the taking effect of the reorganization plan 
                        will not have, any functions.

            The President shall transmit the plan (bearing an 
            identification number) to the Congress together with a 
            declaration that, with respect to each reorganization 
            included in the plan, he has found that the reorganization 
            is necessary to carry out any policy set forth in section 
            901(a) of this title.

                (b) The President shall have a reorganization plan 
            delivered to both Houses on the same day and to each House 
            while it is in session, except that no more than three plans 
            may be pending before the Congress at one time. In his 
            message transmitting a reorganization plan, the President 
            shall specify with respect to each abolition of a function 
            included in the plan the statutory authority for the 
            exercise of the function. The message shall also estimate 
            any reduction or increase

[[Page 324]]

            in expenditures (itemized so far as practicable), and 
            describe any improvements in management, delivery of Federal 
            services, execution of the laws, and increases in efficiency 
            of Government operations, which it is expected will be 
            realized as a result of the reorganizations included in the 
            plan. In addition, the President's message shall include an 
            implementation section which shall (1) describe in detail 
            (A) the actions necessary or planned to complete the 
            reorganization, (B) the anticipated nature and substance of 
            any orders, directives, and other administrative and 
            operational actions which are expected to be required for 
            completing or implementing the reorganization, and (C) any 
            preliminary actions which have been taken in the 
            implementation process, and (2) contain a projected 
            timetable for completion of the implementation process. The 
            President shall also submit such further background or other 
            information as the Congress may require for its 
            consideration of the plan.
                (c) Any time during the period of 60 calendar days of 
            continuous session of Congress after the date on which the 
            plan is transmitted to it, but before any resolution 
            described in section 909 has been ordered reported in either 
            House, the President may make amendments or modifications to 
            the plan, consistent with sections 903-905 of this title, 
            which modifications or revisions shall thereafter be treated 
            as a part of the reorganization plan originally transmitted 
            and shall not affect in any way the time limits otherwise 
            provided for in this chapter. The President may withdraw the 
            plan any time prior to the conclusion of 90 calendar days of 
            continuous session of Congress following the date on which 
            the plan is submitted to Congress. (Pub. L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 
            1966, 80 Stat. 394; Pub. L. 90-83, Sec. 1(99), Sept. 11, 
            1967, 81 Stat. 220; Pub. L. 92-179, Sec. 2, Dec. 10, 1971, 
            85 Stat. 574; Pub. L. 95-17, Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 
            30; Pub. L. 98-614, Sec. Sec. 3(b)(1), (2), 4, Nov. 8, 1984, 
            98 Stat. 3192 , 3193.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       330  Sec. 906. Effective date and publication of reorganization 
                plans
                (a) Except as provided under subsection (c) of this 
            section, a reorganization plan shall be effective upon 
            approval by the President of a resolution (as defined in 
            section 909) with respect to such plan, if such resolution 
            is passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
            within the first period of 90 calendar days of continuous 
            session of Congress after the date on which the plan is 
            transmitted to Congress. Failure of either House to act upon 
            such resolution by the end of such period shall be the same 
            as disapproval of the resolution.
                (b) For the purpose of this chapter--
                            (1) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of any period of time in which 
                        Congress is in continuous session.
                (c) Under provisions contained in a reorganization plan, 
            any provision thereof may be effective at a time later than 
            the date on which the plan otherwise is effective.
                (d) A reorganization plan which is effective shall be 
            printed (1) in the Statutes at Large in the same volume as 
            the public laws and (2) in the Federal Register. (Pub. L. 
            89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 396;

[[Page 325]]

            Pub. L. 95-17, Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 32; Pub. L. 
            98-614, Sec. 3(a), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3192.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       331  Sec. 908. Rules of Senate and House of Representatives on 
                reorganization plans
                Sections 909 through 912 of this title are enacted by 
            Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such they are deemed a part 
                        of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of 
                        resolutions with respect to any reorganization 
                        plans transmitted to Congress (in accordance 
                        with section 903(b) of this chapter 1) on or 
                        before December 31, 1984; and they supersede 
                        other rules only to the extent that they are 
                        inconsistent therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 89-554, Sept. 
                        6, 1966, 80 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 95-17, Sec. 2, 
                        Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 33; Pub. L. 98-614, 
                        Sec. 2(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3192.)
       332  Sec. 909. Terms of resolution
                For the purpose of sections 908 through 912 of this 
            title, ``resolution'' means only a joint resolution of the 
            Congress, the matter after the resolving clause of which is 
            as follows: ``That the Congress approves the reorganization 
            plan numbered ___ transmitted to the Congress by the 
            President on _____, 19__.'', and includes such modifications 
            and revisions as are submitted by the President under 
            section 903(c) of this chapter. The blank spaces therein are 
            to be filled appropriately. The term does not include a 
            resolution which specifies more than one reorganization 
            plan. (Pub. L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 
            95-17, Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 33; Pub. L. 98-614, 
            Sec. 3(c), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3192.)
       333  Sec. 910. Introduction and reference of resolution
                (a) No later than the first day of session following the 
            day on which a reorganization plan is transmitted to the 
            House of Representatives and the Senate under section 903, a 
            resolution, as defined in section 909, shall be introduced 
            (by request) in the House by the chairman of the Government 
            Operations Committee of the House, or by a Member or Members 
            of the House designated by such chairman; and shall be 
            introduced (by request) in the Senate by the chairman of the 
            Governmental Affairs Committee of the Senate, or by a Member 
            or Members of the Senate designated by such chairman.
                (b) A resolution with respect to a reorganization plan 
            shall be referred to the Committee on Governmental Affairs 
            of the Senate and the Committee on Government Operations of 
            the House (and all resolutions with respect to the same plan 
            shall be referred to the same committee) by the President of 
            the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
            as the case may be. The committee shall make its 
            recommendations to the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate, respectively, within 75 calendar days of continuous 
            session of Congress following the date

[[Page 326]]

            of such resolution's introduction. (Pub. L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 
            1966, 80 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 95-17, Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 
            Stat. 33; Pub. L. 98-614, Sec. 3(b)(3), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 
            Stat. 3192.)
       334  Sec. 911. Discharge of committee considering resolution
                If the committee to which is referred a resolution 
            introduced pursuant to subsection (a) of section 910 (or, in 
            the absence of such a resolution, the first resolution 
            introduced with respect to the same reorganization plan) has 
            not reported such resolution or identical resolution at the 
            end of 75 calendar days of continuous session of Congress 
            after its introduction, such committee shall be deemed to be 
            discharged from further consideration of such resolution and 
            such resolution shall be placed on the appropriate calendar 
            of the House involved. (Pub. L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 
            Stat. 397; Pub. L. 92-179, Sec. 5, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 
            576; Pub. L. 95-17, Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 34; Pub. 
            L. 98-614, Sec. 3(b)(4), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3192.)
       335  Sec. 912. Procedure after report or discharge of committee; 
                debate; vote on final passage
                (a) When the committee has reported, or has been deemed 
            to be discharged (under section 911) from further 
            consideration of, a resolution with respect to a 
            reorganization plan, it is at any time thereafter in order 
            (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) for any Member of the respective House to move 
            to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion is highly privileged and is not debatable. The motion 
            shall not be subject to amendment, or to a motion to 
            postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. 
            If a motion to proceed to the consideration of the 
            resolution is agreed to, the resolution shall remain the 
            unfinished business of the respective House until disposed 
            of.
                (b) Debate on the resolution, and on all debatable 
            motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall be 
            limited to not more than ten hours, which shall be divided 
            equally between individuals favoring and individuals 
            opposing the resolution. A motion further to limit debate is 
            in order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a motion to 
            postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, or a motion to recommit the resolution is 
            not in order. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
            resolution is passed or rejected shall not be in order.
                (c) Immediately following the conclusion of the debate 
            on the resolution with respect to a reorganization plan, and 
            a single quorum call at the conclusion of the debate if 
            requested in accordance with the rules of the appropriate 
            House, the vote on final passage of the resolution shall 
            occur.
                (d) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedure 
            relating to a resolution with respect to a reorganization 
            plan shall be decided without debate.
                (e) If, prior to the passage by one House of a 
            resolution of that House, that House receives a resolution 
            with respect to the same reorganization plan from the other 
            House, then--

[[Page 327]]

                            (1) the procedure in that House shall be the 
                        same as if no resolution had been received from 
                        the other House; but
                            (2) the vote on final passage shall be on 
                        the resolution of the other House. (Pub. L. 89-
                        554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 398; Pub. L. 95-17, 
                        Sec. 2, Apr. 6, 1977, 91 Stat. 34; Pub. L. 98-
                        614, Sec. 3(d)(e(1), (2), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 
                        3193.)
                        8 u.s.c.--the aliens and nationality

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[[Page 328]]
 
                           TITLE 8--ALIENS AND NATIONALITY

            
                       Chapter 12--IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY

       336  Sec. 1254a. Temporary protected status

                                    * * * * * * *

            (h) Limitation on consideration in Senate of legislation 
                adjusting status
                (1) In general
                            Except as provided in paragraph (2), it 
                        shall not be in order in the Senate to consider 
                        any bill, resolution, or amendment that--

                                (A) provides for adjustment to lawful 
                            temporary or permanent resident alien status 
                            for any alien receiving temporary protected 
                            status under this section, or

                                (B) has the effect of amending this 
                            subsection or limiting the application of 
                            this subsection.

                (2) Supermajority required
                            Paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in 
                        the Senate only by the affirmative vote of 
                        three-fifths of the Members duly chosen and 
                        sworn. An affirmative vote of three-fifths of 
                        the Members of the Senate duly chosen and sworn 
                        shall be required in the Senate to sustain an 
                        appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of 
                        order raised under paragraph (1).
                (3) Rules
                            Paragraphs (1) and (2) are enacted--

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and as such they are 
                            deemed a part of the rules of the Senate, 
                            but applicable only with respect to the 
                            matters described in paragraph (1) and 
                            supersede other rules of the Senate only to 
                            the extent that such paragraphs are 
                            inconsistent therewith; and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of the Senate to change 
                            such rules at any time, in the same manner 
                            as in the case of any other rule of the 
                            Senate. (Pub. L. 101-649, Title III, 
                            Sec. 302(a), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 5035.)

                                    * * * * * * *
                               10 u.s.c.--armed forces

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[[Page 329]]
 
                               TITLE 10--ARMED FORCES

            
             Chapter 159--REAL PROPERTY; RELATED PERSONAL PROPERTY; AND 
                            LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY

       337  Sec. 2687 note. Defense Base Closure and Realignment 
                Commission

                                    * * * * * * *

            Sec. 2904. Closure and Realignment of Military Installations
                ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), the 
            Secretary shall--
                            ``(1) close all military installations 
                        recommended for closure by the Commission in 
                        each report transmitted to the Congress by the 
                        President pursuant to section 2903(e);
                            ``(2) realign all military installations 
                        recommended for realignment by such Commission 
                        in each such report;
                            ``(3) carry out the privatization in place 
                        of a military installation recommended for 
                        closure or realignment by the Commission in the 
                        2005 report only if privatization in place is a 
                        method of closure or realignment of the military 
                        installation specified in the recommendations of 
                        the Commission in such report and is determined 
                        by the Commission to be the most cost-effective 
                        method of implementation of the recommendation;
                            ``(4) initiate all such closures and 
                        realignments no later than two years after the 
                        date on which the President transmits a report 
                        to the Congress pursuant to section 2903(e) 
                        containing the recommendations for such closures 
                        or realignments; and
                            ``(5) complete all such closures and 
                        realignments no later than the end of the six-
                        year period beginning on the date on which the 
                        President transmits the report pursuant to 
                        section 2903(e) containing the recommendations 
                        for such closures or realignments.
                ``(b) Congressional Disapproval.--(1) The Secretary may 
            not carry out any closure or realignment recommended by the 
            Commission in a report transmitted from the President 
            pursuant to section 2903(e) if a joint resolution is 
            enacted, in accordance with the provisions of section 2908, 
            disapproving such recommendations of the Commission before 
            the earlier of--
                            ``(A) the end of the 45-day period beginning 
                        on the date on which the President transmits 
                        such report; or
                            ``(B) the adjournment of Congress sine die 
                        for the session during which such report is 
                        transmitted.
                ``(2) For purposes of paragraph (1) of this subsection 
            and subsections (a) and (c) of section 2908, the days on 
            which either House of Congress is not in session because of 
            an adjournment of more than three days to a day certain 
            shall be excluded in the computation of a period. (Pub. L. 
            101-510, div. B, Title XXIX, part A, Sec. 2904, Nov. 5, 
            1990, 104 Stat. 1812, 1813.)

                                    * * * * * * *

[[Page 330]]

            Sec. 2908. Congressional Consideration of Commission Report
                ``(a) Terms of the Resolution.--For purposes of section 
            2904(b), the term `joint resolution' means only a joint 
            resolution which is introduced within the 10-day period 
            beginning on the date on which the President transmits the 
            report to the Congress under section 2903(e), and--
                            ``(1) which does not have a preamble;
                            ``(2) the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is as follows: `That Congress 
                        disapproves the recommendations of the Defense 
                        Base Closure and Realignment Commission as 
                        submitted by the President on________', the 
                        blank space being filled in with the appropriate 
                        date; and
                            ``(3) the title of which is as follows: 
                        `Joint resolution disapproving the 
                        recommendations of the Defense Base Closure and 
                        Realignment Commission.'.
                ``(b) Referral.--A resolution described in subsection 
            (a) that is introduced in the House of Representatives shall 
            be referred to the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
            of Representatives. A resolution described in subsection (a) 
            introduced in the Senate shall be referred to the Committee 
            on Armed Services of the Senate.
                ``(c) Discharge.--If the committee to which a resolution 
            described in subsection (a) is referred has not reported 
            such resolution (or an identical resolution) by the end of 
            the 20-day period beginning on the date on which the 
            President transmits the report to the Congress under section 
            2903(e), such committee shall be, at the end of such period, 
            discharged from further consideration of such resolution, 
            and such resolution shall be placed on the appropriate 
            calendar of the House involved.
                ``(d) Consideration.--(1) On or after the third day 
            after the date on which the committee to which such a 
            resolution is referred has reported, or has been discharged 
            (under subsection (c)) from further consideration of, such a 
            resolution, it is in order (even though a previous motion to 
            the same effect has been disagreed to) for any Member of the 
            respective House to move to proceed to the consideration of 
            the resolution. A Member may make the motion only on the day 
            after the calendar day on which the Member announces to the 
            House concerned the Member's intention to make the motion, 
            except that, in the case of the House of Representatives, 
            the motion may be made without such prior announcement if 
            the motion is made by direction of the committee to which 
            the resolution was referred. All points of order against the 
            resolution (and against consideration of the resolution) are 
            waived. The motion is highly privileged in the House of 
            Representatives and is privileged in the Senate and is not 
            debatable. The motion is not subject to amendment, or to a 
            motion to postpone, or to a motion to proceed to the 
            consideration of other business. A motion to reconsider the 
            vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall 
            not be in order. If a motion to proceed to the consideration 
            of the resolution is agreed to, the respective House shall 
            immediately proceed to consideration of the joint resolution 
            without intervening motion, order, or other business, and 
            the resolution shall remain the unfinished business of the 
            respective House until disposed of.
                            ``(2) Debate on the resolution, and on all 
                        debatable motions and appeals in connection 
                        therewith, shall be limited to not more than 2 
                        hours, which shall be divided equally between 
                        those favoring and those opposing the 
                        resolution. An amendment to the resolution is

[[Page 331]]

                        not in order. A motion further to limit debate 
                        is in order and not debatable. A motion to 
                        postpone, or a motion to proceed to the 
                        consideration of other business, or a motion to 
                        recommit the resolution is not in order. A 
                        motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
                        resolution is agreed to or disagreed to is not 
                        in order.
                            ``(3) Immediately following the conclusion 
                        of the debate on a resolution described in 
                        subsection (a) and a single quorum call at the 
                        conclusion of the debate if requested in 
                        accordance with the rules of the appropriate 
                        House, the vote on final passage of the 
                        resolution shall occur.
                            ``(4) Appeals from the decisions of the 
                        Chair relating to the application of the rules 
                        of the Senate or the House of Representatives, 
                        as the case may be, to the procedure relating to 
                        a resolution described in subsection (a) shall 
                        be decided without debate.
                ``(e) Consideration by Other House.--(1) If, before the 
            passage by one House of a resolution of that House described 
            in subsection (a), that House receives from the other House 
            a resolution described in subsection (a), then the following 
            procedures shall apply:
                            ``(A) The resolution of the other House 
                        shall not be referred to a committee and may not 
                        be considered in the House receiving it except 
                        in the case of final passage as provided in 
                        subparagraph (B)(ii).
                            ``(B) With respect to a resolution described 
                        in subsection (a) of the House receiving the 
                        resolution--

                                ``(i) the procedure in that House shall 
                            be the same as if no resolution had been 
                            received from the other House; but

                                ``(ii) the vote on final passage shall 
                            be on the resolution of the other House.

                            ``(2) Upon disposition of the resolution 
                        received from the other House, it shall no 
                        longer be in order to consider the resolution 
                        that originated in the receiving House.
                ``(f) Rules of the Senate and House.--This section is 
            enacted by Congress--
                            ``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of a 
                        resolution described in subsection (a), and it 
                        supersedes other rules only to the extent that 
                        it is inconsistent with such rules; and
                            ``(2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 101-510, div. 
                        B, Title XXIX, part A, Sec. 2908, Nov. 5, 1990, 
                        104 Stat. 1816, 1818.)
                            15 u.s.c.--commerce and trade

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law
                   
                   

[[Page 332]]
 
                            TITLE 15--COMMERCE AND TRADE

            
                   Chapter 15C--ALASKA NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION

       338  Sec. 719f. Congressional review
            (a) Effectiveness of decision designating transportation 
                system for approval upon enactment of joint resolution
                Any decision under section 719e(a) of this title or 
            subsection (b) designating for approval a transportation 
            system for the delivery of Alaska natural gas shall take 
            effect upon enactment of a joint resolution within the first 
            period of 60 calendar days of continuous session of Congress 
            beginning on the date after the date of receipt by the 
            Senate and House of Representatives of a decision 
            transmitted pursuant to section 719e(b) of this title or 
            subsection (b) of this section.
            (b) New decision: statement of reasons for proposal; 
                transmittal to Congress
                If the Congress does not enact such a joint resolution 
            within such 60-day period, the President, not later than the 
            end of the 30th day following the expiration of the 60-day 
            period, may propose a new decision and shall provide a 
            detailed statement concerning the reasons for such proposal. 
            The new decision shall be submitted in accordance with 
            section 719e(a) of this title and transmitted to the House 
            of Representatives and the Senate on the same day while both 
            are in session and shall take effect pursuant to subsection 
            (a) of this section. In the event that a resolution 
            respecting the President's decision was defeated by vote of 
            either House, no new decision may be transmitted pursuant to 
            this subsection unless such decision differs in a material 
            respect from the previous decision.
            (c) Sessions of Congress
                For purposes of this section--
                            (1) continuity of session of Congress is 
                        broken only by an adjournment sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 3 
                        days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the 60-day calendar period.
            (d) Rules under rulemaking powers of Congress; change of 
                rules; ``resolution'' defined; referral to Congressional 
                committees; debate limitation; motion for consideration 
                of resolution; debate on resolution; nondebatable 
                motions and appeals from procedural decisions
                (1) This subsection is enacted by Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of each House of Congress, respectively, and as 
                        such it is deemed a part of the rules of each 
                        House, respectively, but applicable only with 
                        respect to the procedure to be followed in that 
                        House in the case of resolutions described by 
                        paragraph (2) of this subsection; and it 
                        supersedes

[[Page 333]]

                        other rules only to the extent that it is 
                        inconsistent therewith; and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as those rules relate to the 
                        procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                        same manner and to the same extent as in the 
                        case of any other rule of such House.
                (2) For purposes of this chapter, the term 
            ``resolution'' means (A) a joint resolution, the resolving 
            clause of which is as follows: ``That the House of 
            Representatives and Senate approve the Presidential decision 
            on an Alaska natural gas transportation system submitted to 
            the Congress on_____, 19 , and find that any environmental 
            impact statements prepared relative to such system and 
            submitted with the President's decision are in compliance 
            with the Natural Environmental Policy Act of 1969.''; the 
            blank space therein shall be filled with the date on which 
            the President submits his decision to the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate; or (B) a joint resolution 
            described in subsection (g).
                (3) A resolution once introduced with respect to a 
            Presidential decision on an Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system shall be referred to one or more 
            committees (and all resolutions with respect to the same 
            Presidential decision on an Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system shall be referred to the same 
            committee or committees) by the President of the Senate or 
            the Speaker of the House of Representatives, as the case may 
            be.
                (4)(A) If any committee to which a resolution with 
            respect to a Presidential decision on an Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system has been referred has not reported it 
            at the end of 30 calendar days after its referral, it shall 
            be in order to move either to discharge such committee from 
            further consideration of such resolution or to discharge 
            such committee from consideration of any other resolution 
            with respect to such Presidential decision on an Alaska 
            natural gas transportation system which has been referred to 
            such committee.
                (B) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported a resolution with respect to the same 
            Presidential decision on an Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system), and debate thereon shall be limited 
            to not more than 1 hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
            the motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (C) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same Presidential decision on 
            an Alaska natural gas transportation system.
                (5)(A) When any committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, but 
            in no case earlier than 30 days after the date of receipt of 
            the President's decision to the Congress, it shall be at any 
            time thereafter in order (even though a previous motion to 
            the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to 
            the consideration of the resolution. The motion shall be 
            highly privileged and shall not be debatable. An amendment 
            to the motion shall

[[Page 334]]

            not be in order, and it shall not be in order to move to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion was agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (B) Debate on the resolution described in paragraph 
            (2)(A) of this subsection shall be limited to not more than 
            10 hours and on any resolution described in subsection (g) 
            to one hour. This time shall be divided equally between 
            those favoring and those opposing such resolution. A motion 
            further to limit debate shall not be debatable. An amendment 
            to, or motion to recommit the resolution shall not be in 
            order, and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which such resolution was agreed to or disagreed 
            to or, thereafter within such 60-day period, to consider any 
            other resolution respecting the same Presidential decision.
                (6)(A) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee, or the consideration of a 
            resolution and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (B) Appeals from the decision of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedures 
            relating to a resolution shall be decided without debate.
            (e) Presidential finding respecting and supplementation or 
                modification of environmental impact statement; 
                submittal to Congressional committees
                The President shall find that any required environmental 
            impact statement relative to the Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system designated for approval by the 
            President has been prepared and that such statement is in 
            compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 
            1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.]. Such finding shall be set 
            forth in the report of the President submitted under section 
            719e of this title. The President may supplement or modify 
            the environmental impact statements prepared by the 
            Commission or other Federal officers or agencies. Any such 
            environmental impact statement shall be submitted 
            contemporaneously with the transmittal to the Senate and 
            House of Representatives of the President's decision 
            pursuant to section 719e(b) of this title or subsection (b) 
            of this section.
            (f) Report of Commission: submittal to Congress; Council on 
                Environmental Quality: hearings, report, submittal to 
                Congress; Congressional committee hearings
                Within 20 days of the transmittal of the President's 
            decision to the Congress under section 719e(b) of this title 
            or under subsection (b) of this section, (1) the Commission 
            shall submit to the Congress a report commenting on the 
            decision and including any information with regard to that 
            decision which the Commission considers appropriate, and (2) 
            the Council on Environmental Quality shall provide an 
            opportunity to any interested person to present oral and 
            written data, views, and arguments on any environmental 
            impact statement submitted by the President relative to any 
            system designated by him for approval which is different 
            from any system reported on by the Commission under section 
            719c(c) of this title, and shall submit to the Congress a 
            report summarizing any such views received. The committees 
            in each House of Congress to which a resolution has been 
            referred under subsection (d)(3) shall conduct hearings on 
            the Council's report and include in any report of the 
            committee respecting such resolution the findings of the 
            committee

[[Page 335]]

            on the legal and factual sufficiency of any environmental 
            impact statement submitted by the President relative to any 
            system designated by him for approval.
            (g) Waiver; submittal to Congress
                (1) At any time after a decision designating a 
            transportation system is submitted to the Congress pursuant 
            to this section, if the President finds that any provision 
            of law applicable to actions to be taken under subsection 
            (a) or (c) of section 719g of this title require waiver in 
            order to permit expeditious construction and initial 
            operation of the approved transportation system, the 
            President may submit such proposed waiver to both Houses of 
            Congress.
                (2) Such provision shall be waived with respect to 
            actions to be taken under subsection (a) or (c) of section 
            719g of this title upon enactment of a joint resolution 
            pursuant to the procedures specified in subsections (c) and 
            (d) of this section (other than subsection (d)(2) thereof) 
            within the first period of 60 calendar days of continuous 
            session of Congress beginning on the date after the date of 
            receipt by the Senate and House of Representatives of such 
            proposal.
                (3) The resolving clause of the joint resolution 
            referred to in this subsection is as follows: ``That the 
            House of Representatives and Senate approve the waiver of 
            the provision of law ( ) as proposed by the President, 
            submitted to the Congress on ______, 19__.'' The first blank 
            space therein being filled with the citation to the 
            provision of law and the second blank space therein being 
            filled with the date on which the President submits his 
            decision to the House of Representatives and the Senate.
                (4) In the case of action with respect to a joint 
            resolution described in this subsection, the phrase ``a 
            waiver of a provision of law'' shall be substituted in 
            subsection (d) for the phrase ``the Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system.''. (Pub. L. 94-586, Sec. 8, Oct. 22, 
            1976, 90 Stat. 2909.)
                               16 u.s.c.--conservation

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law
                   
                   

[[Page 336]]
 
                               TITLE 16--CONSERVATION

            
                   Chapter 38--FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

       339  Sec. 1823. Congressional oversight of international fishery 
                agreements
            (a) In general
                No governing international fishery agreement, bycatch 
            reduction agreement, or Pacific Insular Area fishery 
            agreement shall become effective with respect to the United 
            States before the close of the first 120 days (excluding any 
            days in a period for which the Congress is adjourned sine 
            die) after the date on which the President transmits to the 
            House of Representatives and to the Senate a document 
            setting forth the text of such governing international 
            fishery agreement, bycatch reduction agreement, or Pacific 
            Insular Area fishery agreement. A copy of the document shall 
            be delivered to each House of Congress on the same day and 
            shall be delivered to the Clerk of the House of 
            Representatives, if the House is not in session, and to the 
            Secretary of the Senate, if the Senate is not in session.
            (b) Referral to committees
                Any document described in subsection (a) shall be 
            immediately referred in the House of Representatives to the 
            Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, and in the 
            Senate to the Committees on Commerce, Science, and 
            Transportation and on Foreign Relations.
            (c) Congressional procedures
                (1) Rules of the House of Representatives and Senate
                            The provisions of this section are enacted 
                        by the Congress--

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the House of Representatives and 
                            the Senate, respectively, and they are 
                            deemed a part of the rules of each House, 
                            respectively, but applicable only with 
                            respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                            that House in the case of fishery agreement 
                            resolutions described in paragraph (2), and 
                            they supersede other rules only to the 
                            extent that they are inconsistent therewith; 
                            and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as they relate to 
                            the procedure of that House) at any time, 
                            and in the same manner and to the same 
                            extent as in the case of any other rule of 
                            that House.

                (2) ``Fishery agreement resolution'' defined
                            For purposes of this subsection, the term 
                        ``fishery agreement resolution'' refers to a 
                        joint resolution of either House of Congress--

                                (A) the effect of which is to prohibit 
                            the entering into force and effect of any 
                            governing international fishery agreement, 
                            bycatch reduction agreement, or Pacific 
                            Insular Area fishery agreement the text of 
                            which is transmitted to the Congress 
                            pursuant to subsection (a); and

[[Page 337]]

                                (B) which is reported from the Committee 
                            on Merchant Marine and Fisheries of the 
                            House of Representatives or the Committee on 
                            Commerce, Science, and Transportation or the 
                            Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                            Senate, not later than 45 days after the 
                            date on which the document described in 
                            subsection (a) relating to that agreement is 
                            transmitted to the Congress.

                (3) Placement on calendar
                            Any fishery agreement resolution upon being 
                        reported shall immediately be placed on the 
                        appropriate calendar.
                (4) Floor consideration in the House
                            (A) A motion in the House of Representatives 
                        to proceed to the consideration of any fishery 
                        agreement resolution shall be highly privileged 
                        and not debatable. An amendment to the motion 
                        shall not be in order, nor shall it be in order 
                        to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
                        motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                            (B) Debate in the House of Representatives 
                        on any fishery agreement resolution shall be 
                        limited to not more than 10 hours, which shall 
                        be divided equally between those favoring and 
                        those opposing the resolution. A motion further 
                        to limit debate shall not be debatable. It shall 
                        not be in order to move to recommit any fishery 
                        agreement resolution or to move to reconsider 
                        the vote by which any fishery agreement 
                        resolution is agreed to or disagreed to.
                            (C) Motions to postpone, made in the House 
                        of Representatives with respect to the 
                        consideration of any fishery agreement 
                        resolution, and motions to proceed to the 
                        consideration of other business, shall be 
                        decided without debate.
                            (D) All appeals from the decisions of the 
                        Chair relating to the application of the Rules 
                        of the House of Representatives to the procedure 
                        relating to any fishery agreement resolution 
                        shall be decided without debate.
                            (E) Except to the extent specifically 
                        provided in the preceding provisions of this 
                        subsection, consideration of any fishery 
                        agreement resolution shall be governed by the 
                        Rules of the House of Representatives applicable 
                        to other bills and resolutions in similar 
                        circumstances.
                (5) Floor consideration in the Senate
                            (A) A motion in the Senate to proceed to the 
                        consideration of any fishery agreement 
                        resolution shall be privileged and not 
                        debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not 
                        be in order, nor shall it be in order to move to 
                        reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
                        agreed to or disagreed to.
                            (B) Debate in the Senate on any fishery 
                        agreement resolution and on all debatable 
                        motions and appeals in connection therewith 
                        shall be limited to not more than 10 hours. The 
                        time shall be equally divided between, and 
                        controlled by, the majority leader and the 
                        minority leader or their designees.
                            (C) Debate in the Senate on any debatable 
                        motion or appeal in connection with any fishery 
                        agreement resolution shall be limited to not 
                        more than 1 hour, to be equally divided between, 
                        and controlled by, the mover of the motion or 
                        appeal and the manager of the resolution, except 
                        that if the manager of the resolution is in 
                        favor of any such motion or appeal, the time in 
                        opposition thereto

[[Page 338]]

                        shall be controlled by the minority leader or 
                        his designee. The majority leader and the 
                        minority leader, or either of them, may allot 
                        additional time to any Senator during the 
                        consideration of any debatable motion or appeal, 
                        from time under their control with respect to 
                        the applicable fishery agreement resolution.
                            (D) A motion in the Senate to further limit 
                        debate is not debatable. A motion to recommit 
                        any fishery agreement resolution is not in 
                        order. (Pub. L. 94-265, Title II, Sec. 203, Apr. 
                        13, 1976, 90 Stat. 340; Pub. L. 103-437, 
                        Sec. 6(x), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4587; Pub. L. 
                        104-297, Title I, Sec. 105(c), Oct. 11, 1996, 
                        110 Stat. 3564.)
            
               Chapter 51--ALASKA NATIONAL INTEREST LANDS CONSERVATION

       340  Sec. 3166. Agency, Presidential, and Congressional actions
            (a) Agency action in cases other than those involving 
                section 3165 or wilderness areas
                (1) In the case of any application for the approval of 
            any transportation or utility system to which section 3165 
            of this title does not apply or that does not occupy, use, 
            or traverse any area within the National Wilderness 
            Preservation System, if, in compliance with section 3164 of 
            this title--
                            (A) each Federal agency concerned decides to 
                        approve each authorization within its 
                        jurisdiction with respect to that system, then 
                        the system shall be deemed to be approved and 
                        each such agency shall promptly issue, in 
                        accordance with applicable law, such rights-of-
                        way, permits, licenses, leases, certificates, or 
                        other authorizations as are necessary with 
                        respect to the establishment of the system; or
                            (B) one or more Federal agencies decide to 
                        disapprove any authorization within its 
                        jurisdiction with respect, to that system, then 
                        the system shall be deemed to be disapproved and 
                        the applicant for the system may appeal the 
                        disapproval to the President.
                (2) If an applicant appeals under paragraph (1)(B), the 
            President, within four months after receiving the appeal, 
            shall decide whether to approve or deny the application. The 
            President shall approve the application if he finds, after 
            consideration of the factors set forth in section 3164(g)(2) 
            of this title, that such approval would be in the public 
            interest and that (1) such system would be compatible with 
            the purposes for which the unit was established; and (2) 
            there is no economically feasible and prudent alternative 
            route for the system. In making a decision, the President 
            shall consider any environmental impact statement prepared 
            pursuant to section 3164(e) of this title, comments of the 
            public and Federal agencies received during the preparation 
            of such statement, and the findings and recommendations, if 
            any, of each Federal agency that rendered a decision with 
            respect to the application. The President's decision to 
            approve or deny the application shall be published in the 
            Federal Register, together with a statement of the reasons 
            for his determination.
                (3) If the President approves an application under 
            paragraph (2), each Federal agency concerned shall promptly 
            issue, in accordance with applicable law, such rights-of-
            way, permits, licenses, leases, certificates, or

[[Page 339]]

            other authorizations as are necessary with respect to the 
            establishment of the system
                (4) If the President denies an application under 
            paragraph (2), the applicant shall be deemed to have 
            exhausted his administrative remedies and may file suit in 
            any appropriate Federal court to challenge such decision.
            (b) Agency action in cases involving section 3165 or 
                wilderness areas
                (1) In the case of any application for the approval of a 
            transportation or utility system to which section 3165 of 
            this title applies or that proposes to occupy, use, or 
            traverse any area within the National Wilderness 
            Preservation System, each Federal agency concerned shall 
            promptly submit to the President notification whether the 
            agency tentatively approved or disapproved each 
            authorization within its jurisdiction that applies with 
            respect to the system. Such notification shall be 
            accompanied by a statement of the reasons and findings 
            supporting the agency position.
                (2) Within four months after receiving all notification 
            referred to in paragraph (1) and after considering such 
            notifications, any environmental impact statement prepared 
            pursuant to section 3164(e) of this title, and the comments 
            of the public and Federal agencies received during the 
            preparation of such statement, the President shall decide 
            whether or not the application for the system concerned 
            should be approved. If the President denies an application 
            the applicant shall be deemed to have exhausted his 
            administrative remedies, and may file suit in any 
            appropriate Federal court to challenge such decision. If the 
            President approves the application, he shall submit to 
            Congress his recommendation for approval of the 
            transportation or utility system covered, whereupon the 
            Congress shall consider the application as provided in 
            subsection (c). The President shall include with his 
            recommendation to Congress--
                            (A) the application which is the subject of 
                        his recommendation;
                            (B) a report setting forth in detail the 
                        relevant factual background and the reasons for 
                        his findings and recommendation;
                            (C) the joint environmental impact 
                        statement;\8\
                \8\ So in original. Probably should be followed by 
                ``and.''
                            (D) a statement of the conditions and 
                        stipulations which would govern the use of the 
                        system if approved by the Congress.
            (c) Congressional approval
                (1) No application for any transportation or utility 
            system with respect to which the President makes a 
            recommendation for approval under subsection (b) shall be 
            approved unless the Senate and House of Representatives 
            approve a resolution described in paragraph (4) within the 
            first period of one hundred and twenty calendar days of 
            continuous session of the Congress beginning on the date 
            after the date of receipt by the Senate and House of 
            Representatives of such recommendation.
                (2) For purposes of this subsection--
                            (A) continuity of session of the Congress is 
                        broken only by an adjournment sine die; and
                            (B) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are

[[Page 340]]

                        excluded in the computation of the one-hundred-
                        and-twenty-day calendar period.
                (3) This subsection is enacted by the Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of each House of the Congress respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in the House in the case of 
                        resolutions described by paragraph (6) of this 
                        subsection; and it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that it is inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as those relate to the 
                        procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                        same manner and to the same extent as in the 
                        case of any other rule of such House.
                (4) For the purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``resolution'' means a joint resolution, the resolving 
            clause of which is as follows: ``That the House of 
            Representatives and Senate approve the application for _____ 
            under title XI of the Alaska National Interest Lands 
            Conservation Act submitted by the President to the Congress 
            on _____, 19__.''; the first blank space therein to be 
            filled in with the appropriate transportation or utility 
            system and the second blank therein to be filled with the 
            date on which the President submits the application to the 
            House of Representatives and the Senate.
                (5) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the 
            provisions of section 719f(d) of title 15 shall apply to the 
            consideration of the resolution.
                (6) After an application for a transportation or utility 
            system has been approved under subsection (a), the 
            appropriate Federal agencies shall issue appropriate 
            authorizations in accordance with applicable law. In any 
            case in which an application for a transportation or utility 
            system has been approved pursuant to subsection (b), the 
            appropriate Federal agencies shall issue appropriate 
            authorizations in accordance with title V of the Federal 
            Lands Policy Management Act [43 U.S.C. 1761 et seq.] or 
            other applicable law. After issuance pursuant to this 
            subsection, the appropriate land managing agency shall 
            administer the right-of-way in accordance with relevant 
            management authorities of the land managing agency and title 
            V of the Federal Lands Policy Management Act. (Pub. L. 96-
            487, Title XI, Sec. 1106, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2461.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       341  Sec. 3232. Recommendations of President to Congress
            (a) Recommendation
                At any time after December 2, 1980, the President may 
            transmit a recommendation to the Congress that mineral 
            exploration, development, or extraction not permitted under 
            this Act or other applicable law shall be permitted in a 
            specified area of the lands referred to in section 3231 of 
            this title. Notice of such transmittal shall be published in 
            the Federal Register. No recommendation of the President 
            under this section may be transmitted to the Congress before 
            ninety days after publication in the Federal Register of 
            notice of his intention to submit such recommendation.

[[Page 341]]

            (b) Findings
                A recommendation may be transmitted to the Congress 
            under subsection (a) if the President finds that, based on 
            the information available to him--
                            (1) there is an urgent national need for the 
                        mineral activity; and
                            (2) such national need outweighs the other 
                        public values of the public lands involved and 
                        the potential adverse environmental impacts 
                        which are likely to result from the activity.
            (c) Report
                Together with his recommendation, the President shall 
            submit to the Congress--
                            (1) a report setting forth in detail the 
                        relevant factual background and the reasons for 
                        his findings and recommendation;
                            (2) a statement of the conditions and 
                        stipulations which would govern the activity if 
                        approved by the Congress; and
                            (3) in any case in which an environmental 
                        impact statement is required under the National 
                        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 
                        et seq.], a statement which complies with the 
                        requirements of section 102(2)(C) of such Act 
                        [42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)]. In the case of any 
                        recommendation for which an environmental impact 
                        statement is not required under section 
                        102(2)(C) of the National environmental Policy 
                        Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)], the 
                        President may, if he deems it desirable, include 
                        such a statement in his transmittal to the 
                        Congress.
            (d) Approval
                Any recommendation under this section shall take effect 
            only upon enactment of a joint resolution approving such 
            recommendation within the first period of one hundred and 
            twenty calendar days of continuous session of Congress 
            beginning on the date after the date of receipt by the 
            Senate and House of Representatives of such recommendation. 
            Any recommendation of the President submitted to Congress 
            under subsection (a) shall be considered received by both 
            Houses for purposes of this section on the first day on 
            which both are in session occurring after such 
            recommendation is submitted.
            (e) One-hundred-and-twenty-day computation
                For purposes of this section--
                            (1) continuity of session of Congress is 
                        broken only by an adjournment sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the one-hundred-and-twenty-day 
                        calendar period. (Pub. L. 96-487, Title XV, 
                        Sec. 1502, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2549.)
       342  Sec. 3233. Expedited Congressional review
            (a) Rulemaking
                This subsection is enacted by Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of each House of Congress, respectively, and as 
                        such it is deemed a part of the rules of each 
                        House, respectively, but applicable only with 
                        respect to the procedure to be followed in the 
                        House in the case of resolutions

[[Page 342]]

                        described by subsection (b) of this section and 
                        it supersedes other rules only to the extent 
                        that it is inconsistent therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as those relate to the 
                        procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                        same manner and to the same extent as in the 
                        case of any other rule of such House.
            (b) Resolution
                For purposes of this section, the term ``resolution'' 
            means a joint resolution, the resolving clause of which is 
            as follows: ``That the House of Representatives and Senate 
            approve the recommendation of the President for _____ in 
            _____ submitted to the Congress on _____, 19__.'', the first 
            blank space therein to be filled in with appropriate 
            activity, the second blank space therein to be filled in 
            with the name or description of the area of land affected by 
            the activity, and the third blank space therein to be filled 
            with the date on which the President submits his 
            recommendation to the House of Representatives and the 
            Senate. Such resolution may also include material relating 
            to the application and effect of the National Environmental 
            Policy Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] to the 
            recommendation.
            (c) Referral
                A resolution once introduced with respect to such 
            Presidential recommendation shall be referred to one or more 
            committees (and all resolutions with respect to the same 
            Presidential recommendation shall be referred to the same 
            committee or committees) by the President of the Senate or 
            the Speaker of the House of Representatives, as the case may 
            be.
            (d) Other procedures
                Except as otherwise provided in this section the 
            provisions of section 719f(d) of title 15 shall apply to the 
            consideration of the resolution. (Pub. L. 96-487, Title XV, 
            Sec. 1503, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2550.)
                   
                   

[[Page 343]]
 
                       TITLE 18--CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

            
            Chapter 119--WIRE AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS INTERCEPTION 
                      AND INTERCEPTION OF ORAL COMMUNICATIONS

       343  Sec. 2523. Executive agreements on access to data by foreign 
                governments

                                    * * * * * * *

                (b) Executive Agreement Requirements.--For purposes of 
            this chapter, chapter 121, and chapter 206, an executive 
            agreement governing access by a foreign government to data 
            subject to this chapter, chapter 121, or chapter 206 shall 
            be considered to satisfy the requirements of this section if 
            the Attorney General, with the concurrence of the Secretary 
            of State, determines, and submits a written certification of 
            such determination to Congress, including a written 
            certification and explanation of each consideration in 
            paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4),

                                    * * * * * * *

                (d) Effective Date of Certification.--
                            (1) Notice.--Not later than 7 days after the 
                        date on which the Attorney General certifies an 
                        executive agreement under subsection (b), the 
                        Attorney General shall provide notice of the 
                        determination under subsection (b) and a copy of 
                        the executive agreement to Congress, including--

                                (A) the Committee on the Judiciary and 
                            the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                            Senate; and

                                (B) the Committee on the Judiciary and 
                            the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                            House of Representatives.

                            (2) Entry into force.--An executive 
                        agreement that is determined and certified by 
                        the Attorney General to satisfy the requirements 
                        of this section shall enter into force not 
                        earlier than the date that is 180 days after the 
                        date on which notice is provided under paragraph 
                        (1), unless Congress enacts a joint resolution 
                        of disapproval in accordance with paragraph (4).
                            (3) Requests for information.--Upon request 
                        by the Chairman or Ranking Member of a 
                        congressional committee described in paragraph 
                        (1), the head of an agency shall promptly 
                        furnish a summary of factors considered in 
                        determining that the foreign government 
                        satisfies the requirements of this section.
                            (4) Congressional review.--

                                (A) Joint resolution defined.--In this 
                            paragraph, the term ``joint resolution'' 
                            means only a joint resolution--

                                        (i) introduced during the 180-
                                    day period described in paragraph 
                                    (2);

                                        (ii) which does not have a 
                                    preamble;

                                        (iii) the title of which is as 
                                    follows: ``Joint resolution 
                                    disapproving the executive agreement 
                                    signed by the United

[[Page 344]]

                                    States and_____.'', the blank space 
                                    being appropriately filled in; and

                                        (iv) the matter after the 
                                    resolving clause of which is as 
                                    follows: ``That Congress disapproves 
                                    the executive agreement governing 
                                    access by_____ to certain electronic 
                                    data as submitted by the Attorney 
                                    General on_____'', the blank spaces 
                                    being appropriately filled in.

                                (B) Joint resolution enacted.--
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
                            section, if not later than 180 days after 
                            the date on which notice is provided to 
                            Congress under paragraph (1), there is 
                            enacted into law a joint resolution 
                            disapproving of an executive agreement under 
                            this section, the executive agreement shall 
                            not enter into force.

                                (C) Introduction.--During the 180-day 
                            period described in subparagraph (B), a 
                            joint resolution of disapproval may be 
                            introduced--

                                        (i) in the House of 
                                    Representatives, by the majority 
                                    leader or the minority leader; and

                                        (ii) in the Senate, by the 
                                    majority leader (or the majority 
                                    leader's designee) or the minority 
                                    leader (or the minority leader's 
                                    designee).

                            (5) Floor consideration in House of 
                        Representatives.--If a committee of the House of 
                        Representatives to which a joint resolution of 
                        disapproval has been referred has not reported 
                        the joint resolution within 120 days after the 
                        date of referral, that committee shall be 
                        discharged from further consideration of the 
                        joint resolution.
                            (6) Consideration in the Senate.--

                                (A) Committee referral.--A joint 
                            resolution of disapproval introduced in the 
                            Senate shall be referred jointly--

                                        (i) to the Committee on the 
                                    Judiciary; and

                                        (ii) to the Committee on Foreign 
                                    Relations.

                                (B) Reporting and discharge.--If a 
                            committee to which a joint resolution of 
                            disapproval was referred has not reported 
                            the joint resolution within 120 days after 
                            the date of referral of the joint 
                            resolution, that committee shall be 
                            discharged from further consideration of the 
                            joint resolution and the joint resolution 
                            shall be placed on the appropriate calendar.

                                (C) Proceeding to consideration.--It is 
                            in order at any time after both the 
                            Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee 
                            on Foreign Relations report a joint 
                            resolution of disapproval to the Senate or 
                            have been discharged from consideration of 
                            such a joint resolution (even though a 
                            previous motion to the same effect has been 
                            disagreed to) to move to proceed to the 
                            consideration of the joint resolution, and 
                            all points of order against the joint 
                            resolution (and against consideration of the 
                            joint resolution) are waived. The motion is 
                            not debatable or subject to a motion to 
                            postpone. A motion to reconsider the vote by 
                            which the motion is agreed to or disagreed 
                            to shall not be in order.

                                (D) Consideration in the Senate.--In the 
                            Senate, consideration of the joint 
                            resolution, and on all debatable motions and 
                            appeals in connection therewith, shall be 
                            limited to not more than 10 hours, which 
                            shall be divided equally between those 
                            favoring

[[Page 345]]

                            and those opposing the joint resolution. A 
                            motion further to limit debate is in order 
                            and not debatable. An amendment to, or a 
                            motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed 
                            to the consideration of other business, or a 
                            motion to recommit the joint resolution is 
                            not in order.

                                (E) Consideration of veto messages.--
                            Debate in the Senate of any veto message 
                            with respect to a joint resolution of 
                            disapproval, including all debatable motions 
                            and appeals in connection with the joint 
                            resolution, shall be limited to 10 hours, to 
                            be equally divided between, and controlled 
                            by, the majority leader and the minority 
                            leader or their designees.

                            (7) Rules relating to Senate and House of 
                        Representatives.--

                                (A) Treatment of Senate joint resolution 
                            in house.--In the House of Representatives, 
                            the following procedures shall apply to a 
                            joint resolution of disapproval received 
                            from the Senate (unless the House has 
                            already passed a joint resolution relating 
                            to the same proposed action):

                                        (i) The joint resolution shall 
                                    be referred to the appropriate 
                                    committees.

                                        (ii) If a committee to which a 
                                    joint resolution has been referred 
                                    has not reported the joint 
                                    resolution within 7 days after the 
                                    date of referral, that committee 
                                    shall be discharged from further 
                                    consideration of the joint 
                                    resolution.

                                        (iii) Beginning on the third 
                                    legislative day after each committee 
                                    to which a joint resolution has been 
                                    referred reports the joint 
                                    resolution to the House or has been 
                                    discharged from further 
                                    consideration thereof, it shall be 
                                    in order to move to proceed to 
                                    consider the joint resolution in the 
                                    House. All points of order against 
                                    the motion are waived. Such a motion 
                                    shall not be in order after the 
                                    House has disposed of a motion to 
                                    proceed on the joint resolution. The 
                                    previous question shall be 
                                    considered as ordered on the motion 
                                    to its adoption without intervening 
                                    motion. The motion shall not be 
                                    debatable. A motion to reconsider 
                                    the vote by which the motion is 
                                    disposed of shall not be in order.

                                        (iv) The joint resolution shall 
                                    be considered as read. All points of 
                                    order against the joint resolution 
                                    and against its consideration are 
                                    waived. The previous question shall 
                                    be considered as ordered on the 
                                    joint resolution to final passage 
                                    without intervening motion except 2 
                                    hours of debate equally divided and 
                                    controlled by the sponsor of the 
                                    joint resolution (or a designee) and 
                                    an opponent. A motion to reconsider 
                                    the vote on passage of the joint 
                                    resolution shall not be in order.

                                (B) Treatment of house joint resolution 
                            in Senate.--

                                        (i) If, before the passage by 
                                    the Senate of a joint resolution of 
                                    disapproval, the Senate receives an 
                                    identical joint resolution from the 
                                    House of Representatives, the 
                                    following procedures shall apply:

                                          (I) That joint resolution 
                                    shall not be referred to a 
                                    committee.

                                          (II) With respect to that 
                                    joint resolution--

[[Page 346]]

                                            (aa) the procedure in the 
                                    Senate shall be the same as if no 
                                    joint resolution had been received 
                                    from the House of Representatives; 
                                    but

                                            (bb) the vote on passage 
                                    shall be on the joint resolution 
                                    from the House of Representatives.

                                        (ii) If, following passage of a 
                                    joint resolution of disapproval in 
                                    the Senate, the Senate receives an 
                                    identical joint resolution from the 
                                    House of Representatives, that joint 
                                    resolution shall be placed on the 
                                    appropriate Senate calendar.

                                        (iii) If a joint resolution of 
                                    disapproval is received from the 
                                    House, and no companion joint 
                                    resolution has been introduced in 
                                    the Senate, the Senate procedures 
                                    under this subsection shall apply to 
                                    the House joint resolution.

                                (C) Application to revenue measures.--
                            The provisions of this paragraph shall not 
                            apply in the House of Representatives to a 
                            joint resolution of disapproval that is a 
                            revenue measure.

                            (8) Rules of House of Representatives and 
                        Senate.--This subsection is enacted by 
                        Congress--

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and the House of 
                            Representatives, respectively, and as such 
                            is deemed a part of the rules of each House, 
                            respectively, and supersedes other rules 
                            only to the extent that it is inconsistent 
                            with such rules; and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                            same manner, and to the same extent as in 
                            the case of any other rule of that House.

                (e) Renewal of Determination.--
                            (1) In general.--The Attorney General, with 
                        the concurrence of the Secretary of State, shall 
                        review and may renew a determination under 
                        subsection (b) every 5 years.
                            (2) Report.--Upon renewing a determination 
                        under subsection (b), the Attorney General shall 
                        file a report with the Committee on the 
                        Judiciary and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
                        of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary 
                        and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                        House of Representatives describing--

                                (A) the reasons for the renewal;

                                (B) any substantive changes to the 
                            agreement or to the relevant laws or 
                            procedures of the foreign government since 
                            the original determination or, in the case 
                            of a second or subsequent renewal, since the 
                            last renewal; and

                                (C) how the agreement has been 
                            implemented and what problems or 
                            controversies, if any, have arisen as a 
                            result of the agreement or its 
                            implementation.

                            (3) Nonrenewal.--If a determination is not 
                        renewed under paragraph (1), the agreement shall 
                        no longer be considered to satisfy the 
                        requirements of this section.
                (f) Revisions to Agreement.--A revision to an agreement 
            under this section shall be treated as a new agreement for 
            purposes of this section and shall be subject to the 
            certification requirement under subsection (b), and to the 
            procedures under subsection (d), except that for purposes of 
            a revision to an agreement--

[[Page 347]]

                            (1) the applicable time period under 
                        paragraphs (2), (4)(A)(i), (4)(B), and (4)(C) of 
                        subsection (d) shall be 90 days after the date 
                        notice is provided under subsection (d)(1); and
                            (2) the applicable time period under 
                        paragraphs (5) and (6)(B) of subsection (d) 
                        shall be 60 days after the date notice is 
                        provided under subsection (d)(1).
                (g) Publication.--Any determination or certification 
            under subsection (b) regarding an executive agreement under 
            this section, including any termination or renewal of such 
            an agreement, shall be published in the Federal Register as 
            soon as is reasonably practicable.
                (h) Minimization Procedures.--A United States authority 
            that receives the content of a communication described in 
            subsection (b)(4)(H) from a foreign government in accordance 
            with an executive agreement under this section shall use 
            procedures that, to the maximum extent possible, meet the 
            definition of minimization procedures in section 101 of the 
            Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 
            1801) to appropriately protect nonpublicly available 
            information concerning United States persons. (Added Pub. L. 
            115-141, div. V, Sec. 105(a), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1217, 
            1224.)
            
                              19 u.s.c.--customs duties

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 348]]
 
                              TITLE 19--CUSTOMS DUTIES

            
                            Chapter 4--TARIFF ACT OF 1930

       344  Sec. 1332 note. American manufacturing competitiveness

                                    * * * * * * *

                ``SEC. 5. PUBLICATION OF LIMITED TARIFF BENEFITS IN THE 
            HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE.
                ``(a) House of Representatives.--
                            ``(1) In general.--The chair of the 
                        Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                        Representatives shall include a list of limited 
                        tariff benefits contained in a miscellaneous 
                        tariff bill in the report to accompany such a 
                        bill or, in a case where a miscellaneous tariff 
                        bill is not reported by the committee, shall 
                        cause such a list to be printed in the 
                        appropriate section of the Congressional Record.
                            ``(2) Limited tariff benefit defined.--For 
                        purposes of this subsection and consistent with 
                        clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the House 
                        of Representatives, as in effect during the One 
                        Hundred Fourteenth Congress, the term `limited 
                        tariff benefit' means a provision modifying the 
                        Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States 
                        [see Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule 
                        note set out under section 1202 of this title] 
                        in a manner that benefits 10 or fewer entities.
                ``(b) Senate.--
                            ``(1) In general.--The chairman of the 
                        Committee on Finance of the Senate, the Majority 
                        Leader of the Senate, or the designee of the 
                        Majority Leader of the Senate, shall provide for 
                        the publication in the Congressional Record of a 
                        certification that--

                                ``(A) each limited tariff benefit 
                            contained in a miscellaneous tariff bill 
                            considered in the Senate has been identified 
                            through lists, charts, or other similar 
                            means; and

                                ``(B) the information identified in 
                            subparagraph (A) has been available on a 
                            publicly accessible congressional website in 
                            a searchable format at least 48 hours before 
                            the vote on the motion to proceed to the 
                            miscellaneous tariff bill or the vote on the 
                            adoption of a report of a committee of 
                            conference in connection with the 
                            miscellaneous tariff bill, as the case may 
                            be.

                            ``(2) Satisfaction of Senate rules.--
                        Publication of a certification in the 
                        Congressional Record under paragraph (1) 
                        satisfies the certification requirements of 
                        paragraphs 1(a), 2(a), and 3(a) of rule XLIV of 
                        the Standing Rules of the Senate.
                            ``(3) Limited tariff benefit defined.--For 
                        purposes of this subsection and consistent with 
                        rule XLIV of the Standing Rules of the Senate, 
                        as in effect during the One Hundred Fourteenth 
                        Congress, the term `limited tariff benefit' 
                        means a provision modifying the Harmonized 
                        Tariff Schedule of the United States in a manner 
                        that benefits 10 or fewer entities.
                ``(c) Enactment as Exercise of Rulemaking Power of House 
            of Representatives and Senate.--This section is enacted by 
            Congress--

[[Page 349]]

                            ``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
                        respectively, and as such are deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, and such 
                        procedures supersede other rules only to the 
                        extent that they are inconsistent with such 
                        other rules; and
                            ``(2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 114-159, 
                        Sec. 5, May. 20, 2016, 130 Stat. 402.)
            
                         Chapter 7--TRADE EXPANSION PROGRAM

       345  Sec. 1862. Safeguarding national security

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Adjustment of imports; determination by President; 
                report to Congress; additional actions; publication in 
                Federal Register
                (1)(A) Within 90 days after receiving a report submitted 
            under subsection (b)(3)(A) in which the Secretary finds that 
            an article is being imported into the United States in such 
            quantities or under such circumstances as to threaten to 
            impair the national security, the President shall--
                            (i) determine whether the President concurs 
                        with the finding of the Secretary, and
                            (ii) if the President concurs, determine the 
                        nature and duration of the action that, in the 
                        judgment of the President, must be taken to 
                        adjust the imports of the article and its 
                        derivatives so that such imports will not 
                        threaten to impair the national security.
                (B) If the President determines under subparagraph (A) 
            to take action to adjust imports of an article and its 
            derivatives, the President shall implement that action by no 
            later than the date that is 15 days after the day on which 
            the President determines to take action under subparagraph 
            (A).
                (2) By no later than the date that is 30 days after the 
            date on which the President makes any determinations under 
            paragraph (1), the President shall submit to the Congress a 
            written statement of the reasons why the President has 
            decided to take action, or refused to take action, under 
            paragraph (1). Such statement shall be included in the 
            report published under subsection (e).
                (3)(A) If--
                            (i) the action taken by the President under 
                        paragraph (1) is the negotiation of an agreement 
                        which limits or restricts the importation into, 
                        or the exportation to, the United States of the 
                        article that threatens to impair national 
                        security, and
                            (ii) either--

                                (I) no such agreement is entered into 
                            before the date that is 180 days after the 
                            date on which the President makes the 
                            determination under paragraph (1)(A) to take 
                            such action, or

                                (II) such an agreement that has been 
                            entered into is not being carried out or is 
                            ineffective in eliminating the threat to the 
                            national security posed by imports of such 
                            article,the President shall take such other 
                            actions as the President deems nec

[[Page 350]]

                            essary to adjust the imports of such article 
                            so that such imports will not threaten to 
                            impair the national security. The President 
                            shall publish in the Federal Register notice 
                            of any additional actions being taken under 
                            this section by reason of this subparagraph.

                (B) If--
                            (i) clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) 
                        apply, and
                            (ii) the President determines not to take 
                        any additional actions under this subsection, 
                        the President shall publish in the Federal 
                        Register such determination and the reasons on 
                        which such determination is based.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (f) Congressional disapproval of Presidential adjustment of 
                imports of petroleum or petroleum products; disapproval 
                resolution
                (1) An action taken by the President under subsection 
            (c) to adjust imports of petroleum or petroleum products 
            shall cease to have force and effect upon the enactment of a 
            disapproval resolution, provided for in paragraph (2), 
            relating to that action.
                (2)(A) This paragraph is enacted by the Congress--
                            (i) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
                        respectively, and as such is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedures 
                        to be followed in that House in the case of 
                        disapproval resolutions and such procedures 
                        supersede other rules only to the extent that 
                        they are inconsistent therewith; and
                            (ii) with the full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as any other rule of that 
                        House.
                (B) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``disapproval resolution'' means only a joint resolution of 
            either House of Congress the matter after the resolving 
            clause of which is as follows: ``That the Congress 
            disapproves the action taken under section 232 of the Trade 
            Expansion Act of 1962 with respect to petroleum imports 
            under _____ dated_____.'', the first blank space being 
            filled with the number of the proclamation, Executive order, 
            or other Executive act issued under the authority of 
            subsection (c) of this section for purposes of adjusting 
            imports of petroleum or petroleum products and the second 
            blank being filled with the appropriate date.
                (C)(i) All disapproval resolutions introduced in the 
            House of Representatives shall be referred to the Committee 
            on Ways and Means and all disapproval resolutions introduced 
            in the Senate shall be referred to the Committee on Finance.
                (ii) No amendment to a disapproval resolution shall be 
            in order in either the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate, and no motion to suspend the application of this 
            clause shall be in order in either House nor shall it be in 
            order in either House for the Presiding Officer to entertain 
            a request to suspend the application of this clause by 
            unanimous consent. (Pub. L. 87-794, Title II, Sec. 232, Oct. 
            11, 1962, 76 Stat. 877; Pub. L. 93-618, Title I, 
            Sec. 127(d), Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 1993; Pub.

[[Page 351]]

            L. 96-223, Title IV, Sec. 402, Apr. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 301; 
            Pub. L. 100-418, Title I, Sec. 1501(a), (b)(1), Aug. 23, 
            1988, 102 Stat. 1257, 1259.)
            
                            Chapter 12--TRADE ACT OF 1974

       346  Sec. 2191. Bills implementing trade agreements on nontariff 
                barriers and resolutions approving commercial agreements 
                with Communist countries
            (a) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                This section and sections 2192 and 2193 of this title 
            are enacted by the Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
                        respectively, and as such they are deemed a part 
                        of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of 
                        implementing bills described in subsection 
                        (b)(1), implementing revenue bills described in 
                        subsection (b)(2), approval resolutions 
                        described in subsection (b)(3), and resolutions 
                        described in sections 2192(a) and 2193(a) of 
                        this title; and they supersede other rules only 
                        to the extent that they are inconsistent 
                        therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House.
            (b) Definitions
                For purposes of this section--
                            (1) The term ``implementing bill'' means 
                        only a bill of either House of Congress which is 
                        introduced as provided in subsection (c) with 
                        respect to one or more trade agreements, or with 
                        respect to an extension described in section 
                        3572(c)(3) of this title, submitted to the House 
                        of Representatives and the Senate under section 
                        2112 of this title, section 3572 of this title, 
                        or section 4205(a)(1) of this title and which 
                        contains--

                                (A) a provision approving such trade 
                            agreement or agreements or such extension,

                                (B) a provision approving the statement 
                            of administrative action (if any) proposed 
                            to implement such trade agreement or 
                            agreements, and

                                (C) if changes in existing laws or new 
                            statutory authority is required to implement 
                            such trade agreement or agreements or such 
                            extension, provisions, necessary or 
                            appropriate to implement such trade 
                            agreement or agreements or such extension, 
                            either repealing or amending existing laws 
                            or providing new statutory authority.

                            (2) The term ``implementing revenue bill or 
                        resolution'' means an implementing bill, or 
                        approval resolution, which contains one or more 
                        revenue measures by reason of which it must 
                        originate in the House of Representatives.
                            (3) The term ``approval resolution'' means 
                        only a joint resolution of the two Houses of the 
                        Congress, the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is as follows: ``That the Congress 
                        approves the extension of nondiscriminatory 
                        treatment with respect to the products of _____ 
                        transmitted by the President to the Congress on

[[Page 352]]

                        _____.'', the first blank space being filled 
                        with the name of the country involved and the 
                        second blank space being filled with the 
                        appropriate date.
            (c) Introduction and referral
                (1) On the day on which a trade agreement or extension 
            is submitted to the House of Representatives and the Senate 
            under section 2112 of this title, section 3572 of this 
            title, or section 4205(a)(1) of this title, the implementing 
            bill submitted by the President with respect to such trade 
            agreement or extension shall be introduced (by request) in 
            the House by the majority leader of the House, for himself 
            and the minority leader of the House, or by Members of the 
            House designated by the majority leader and minority leader 
            of the House; and shall be introduced (by request) in the 
            Senate by the majority leader of the Senate, for himself and 
            the minority leader of the Senate, or by Members of the 
            Senate designated by the majority leader and minority leader 
            of the Senate. If either House is not in session on the day 
            on which such a trade agreement or extension is submitted, 
            the implementing bill shall be introduced in that House, as 
            provided in the preceding sentence, on the first day 
            thereafter on which that House is in session. Such bills 
            shall be referred by the Presiding Officers of the 
            respective Houses to the appropriate committee, or, in the 
            case of a bill containing provisions within the jurisdiction 
            of two or more committees, jointly to such committees for 
            consideration of those provisions within their respective 
            jurisdictions.
                (2) On the day on which a bilateral commercial 
            agreement, entered into under subchapter IV of this chapter 
            after January 3, 1975, is transmitted to the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate, an approval resolution with 
            respect to such agreement shall be introduced (by request) 
            in the House by the majority leader of the House, for 
            himself and the minority leader of the House, or by Members 
            of the House designated by the majority leader and minority 
            leader of the House; and shall be introduced (by request) in 
            the Senate by the majority leader of the Senate, for himself 
            and the minority leader of the Senate, or by Members of the 
            Senate designated by the majority leader and minority leader 
            of the Senate. If either House is not in session on the day 
            on which such an agreement is transmitted, the approval 
            resolution with respect to such agreement shall be 
            introduced in that House, as provided in the preceding 
            sentence, on the first day thereafter on which that House is 
            in session. The approval resolution introduced in the House 
            shall be referred to the Committee on Ways and Means and the 
            approval resolution introduced in the Senate shall be 
            referred to the Committee on Finance.
            (d) Amendments prohibited
                No amendment to an implementing bill or approval 
            resolution shall be in order in either the House of 
            Representatives or the Senate; and no motion to suspend the 
            application of this subsection shall be in order in either 
            House, nor shall it be in order in either House for the 
            Presiding Officer to entertain a request to suspend the 
            application of this subsection by unanimous consent.

[[Page 353]]

            (e) Period for committee and floor consideration
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), if the 
            committee or committees of either House to which an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution has been referred 
            have not reported it at the close of the 45th day after its 
            introduction, such committee or committees shall be 
            automatically discharged from further consideration of the 
            bill or resolution and it shall be placed on the appropriate 
            calendar. A vote on final passage of the bill or resolution 
            shall be taken in each House on or before the close of the 
            15th day after the bill or resolution is reported by the 
            committee or committees of that House to which it was 
            referred, or after such committee or committees have been 
            discharged from further consideration of the bill or 
            resolution. If prior to the passage by one House of an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution of that House, that 
            House receives the same implementing bill or approval 
            resolution from the other House, then--
                            (A) the procedure in that House shall be the 
                        same as if no implementing bill or approval 
                        resolution had been received from the other 
                        House, but
                            (B) the vote on final passage shall be on 
                        the implementing bill or approval resolution of 
                        the other House.
                (2) The provisions of paragraph (1) shall not apply in 
            the Senate to an implementing revenue bill or resolution. An 
            implementing revenue bill or resolution received from the 
            House shall be referred to the appropriate committee or 
            committees of the Senate. If such committee or committees 
            have not reported such bill or resolution at the close of 
            the 15th day after its receipt by the Senate (or, if later, 
            before the close of the 45th day after the corresponding 
            implementing revenue bill or resolution was introduced in 
            the Senate), such committee or committees shall be 
            automatically discharged from further consideration of such 
            bill or resolution and it shall be placed on the calendar. A 
            vote on final passage of such bill or resolution shall be 
            taken in the Senate on or before the close of the 15th day 
            after such bill or resolution is reported by the committee 
            or committees of the Senate to which it was referred, or 
            after such committee or committees have been discharged from 
            further consideration of such bill or resolution.
                (3) For purposes of paragraphs (1) and (2), in computing 
            a number of days in either House, there shall be excluded 
            any day on which that House is not in session.
            (f) Floor consideration in the House
                (1) A motion in the House of Representatives to proceed 
            to the consideration of an implementing bill or approval 
            resolution shall be highly privileged and not debatable. An 
            amendment to the motion shall not be in order, nor shall it 
            be in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (2) Debate in the House of Representatives on an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution shall be limited to 
            not more than 20 hours, which shall be divided equally 
            between those favoring and those opposing the bill or 
            resolution. A motion further to limit debate shall not be 
            debatable. It shall not be in order to move to recommit an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution or to move to 
            reconsider the vote by which an implementing bill or 
            approval resolution is agreed to or disagreed to.

[[Page 354]]

                (3) Motions to postpone, made in the House of 
            Representatives with respect to the consideration of an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution, and motions to 
            proceed to the consideration of other business, shall be 
            decided without debate.
                (4) All appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating 
            to the application of the Rules of the House of 
            Representatives to the procedure relating to an implementing 
            bill or approval resolution shall be decided without debate.
                (5) Except to the extent specifically provided in the 
            preceding provisions of this subsection, consideration of an 
            implementing bill or approval resolution shall be governed 
            by the Rules of the House of Representatives applicable to 
            other bills and resolutions in similar circumstances.
            (g) Floor consideration in the Senate
                (1) A motion in the Senate to proceed to the 
            consideration of an implementing bill or approval resolution 
            shall be privileged and not debatable. An amendment to the 
            motion shall not be in order, nor shall it be in order to 
            move to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to 
            or disagreed to.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on an implementing bill or 
            approval resolution, and all debatable motions and appeals 
            in connection therewith, shall be limited to not more than 
            20 hours. The time shall be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader 
            or their designees.
                (3) Debate in the Senate on any debatable motion or 
            appeal in connection with an implementing bill or approval 
            resolution shall be limited to not more than 1 hour, to be 
            equally divided between, and controlled by, the mover and 
            the manager of the bill or resolution, except that in the 
            event the manager of the bill or resolution is in favor of 
            any such motion or appeal, the time in opposition thereto, 
            shall be controlled by the minority leader or his designee. 
            Such leaders, or either of them, may, from time under their 
            control on the passage of an implementing bill or approval 
            resolution, allot additional time to any Senator during the 
            consideration of any debatable motion or appeal.
                (4) A motion in the Senate to further limit debate is 
            not debatable. A motion to recommit an implementing bill or 
            approval resolution is not in order. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title 
            I, Sec. 151, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2001; Pub. L. 100-418, 
            Title I, Sec. 1107(b)(1), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1135; 
            Pub. L. 101-382, Title I, Sec. 132(b)(2), Aug. 20, 1990, 104 
            Stat. 645; Pub. L. 103-465, Title II, Sec. 282(c)(4), Dec. 
            8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4929; Pub. L. 107-210, div. B, Title XXI, 
            Sec. 2110(a)(1), Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1019; Pub. L. 114-
            26, Title I, Sec. 110(a)(6), June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 358.)
       347  Sec. 2192. Resolutions disapproving certain actions
            (a) Contents of resolutions
                (1) For purposes of this section, the term 
            ``resolution'' means only--
                            (A) a joint resolution of the two Houses of 
                        the Congress, the matter after the resolving 
                        clause of which is as follows: ``That the 
                        Congress does not approve the action taken by, 
                        or the determination of, the President under 
                        section 203 of the Trade Act of 1974 transmitted 
                        to the Congress on _____'', the blank space 
                        being filled with the appropriate date; and

[[Page 355]]

                            (B) a joint resolution of the two Houses of 
                        Congress, the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is as follows: ``That the Congress does 
                        not approve _____ transmitted to the Congress on 
                        _____.'', with the first blank space being 
                        filled in accordance with paragraph (2), and the 
                        second blank space being filled with the 
                        appropriate date.
                (2) The first blank space referred to in paragraph 
            (1)(B) shall be filled, in the case of a resolution referred 
            to in section 2437(c)(2) of this title, with the phrase 
            ``the report of the President submitted under section __ of 
            the Trade Act of 1974 with respect to _____'' (with the 
            first blank space being filled with ``402(b)'' or 
            ``409(b)'', as appropriate, and the second blank space being 
            filled with the name of the country involved).
            (b) Reference to committees
                All resolutions introduced in the House of 
            Representatives shall be referred to the Committee on Ways 
            and Means and all resolutions introduced in the Senate shall 
            be referred to the Committee on Finance.
            (c) Discharge of committees
                (1) If the committee of either House to which a 
            resolution has been referred has not reported it at the end 
            of 30 days after its introduction, not counting any day 
            which is excluded under section 2194(b) of this title, it is 
            in order to move either to discharge the committee from 
            further consideration of the resolution or to discharge the 
            committee from further consideration of any other resolution 
            introduced with respect to the same matter, except that a 
            motion to discharge--
                            (A) may only be made on the second 
                        legislative day after the calendar day on which 
                        the Member making the motion announces to the 
                        House his intention to do so; and
                            (B) is not in order after the Committee has 
                        reported a resolution with respect to the same 
                        matter.
                (2) A motion to discharge under paragraph (1) may be 
            made only by an individual favoring the resolution, and is 
            highly privileged in the House and privileged in the Senate; 
            and debate thereon shall be limited to not more than 1 hour, 
            the time to be divided in the House equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution, and to be 
            divided in the Senate equally between, and controlled by, 
            the majority leader and the minority leader or their 
            designees. An amendment to the motion is not in order, and 
            it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by which 
            the motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
            (d) Floor consideration in the House
                (1) A motion in the House of Representatives to proceed 
            to the consideration of a resolution shall be highly 
            privileged and not debatable. An amendment to the motion 
            shall not be in order, nor shall it be in order to move to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (2) Debate in the House of Representatives on a 
            resolution shall be limited to not more than 20 hours, which 
            shall be divided equally between those favoring and those 
            opposing the resolution. A motion further to limit debate 
            shall not be debatable. No amendment to, or motion to 
            recommit, the resolution shall be in order. It shall not be 
            in order

[[Page 356]]

            to move to reconsider the vote by which a resolution is 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (3) Motions to postpone, made in the House of 
            Representatives with respect to the consideration of a 
            resolution, and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (4) All appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating 
            to the application of the Rules of the House of 
            Representatives to the procedure relating to a resolution 
            shall be decided without debate.
                (5) Except to the extent specifically provided in the 
            preceding provisions of this subsection, consideration of a 
            resolution in the House of Representatives shall be governed 
            by the Rules of the House of Representatives applicable to 
            other resolutions in similar circumstances.
            (e) Floor consideration in the Senate
                (1) A motion in the Senate to proceed to the 
            consideration of a resolution shall be privileged. An 
            amendment to the motion shall not be in order, nor shall it 
            be in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on a resolution, and all 
            debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall 
            be limited to not more than 20 hours, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the majority leader and the 
            minority leader or their designees.
                (3) Debate in the Senate on any debatable motion or 
            appeal in connection with a resolution shall be limited to 
            not more than 1 hour, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the mover and the manager of the resolution, 
            except that in the event the manager of the resolution is in 
            favor of any such motion or appeal, the time in opposition 
            thereto, shall be controlled by the minority leader or his 
            designee. Such leaders, or either of them, may, from time 
            under their control on the passage of a resolution, allot 
            additional time to any Senator during the consideration of 
            any debatable motion or appeal.
                (4) A motion in the Senate to further limit debate on a 
            resolution, debatable motion, or appeal is not debatable. No 
            amendment to, or motion to recommit, a resolution is in 
            order in the Senate.
            (f) Procedures in the Senate
                (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the 
            following procedures shall apply in the Senate to a 
            resolution to which this section applies:
                            (A)(i) Except as provided in clause (ii), a 
                        resolution that has passed the House of 
                        Representatives shall, when received in the 
                        Senate, be referred to the Committee on Finance 
                        for consideration in accordance with this 
                        section.
                            (ii) If a resolution to which this section 
                        applies was introduced in the Senate before 
                        receipt of a resolution that has passed the 
                        House of Representatives, the resolution from 
                        the House of Representatives shall, when 
                        received in the Senate, be placed on the 
                        calendar. If this clause applies, the procedures 
                        in the Senate with respect to a resolution 
                        introduced in the Senate that contains the 
                        identical matter as the resolution that passed 
                        the House of Representatives shall be the same 
                        as if no resolution had been received from the 
                        House of Representatives, except that the vote 
                        on passage in the Senate shall be on the 
                        resolution that passed the House of 
                        Representatives.

[[Page 357]]

                            (B) If the Senate passes a resolution before 
                        receiving from the House of Representatives a 
                        joint resolution that contains the identical 
                        matter, the joint resolution shall be held at 
                        the desk pending receipt of the joint resolution 
                        from the House of Representatives. Upon receipt 
                        of the joint resolution from the House of 
                        Representatives, such joint resolution shall be 
                        deemed to be read twice, considered, read the 
                        third time, and passed.
                (2) If the texts of joint resolutions described in this 
            section or section 2193(a) of this title, whichever is 
            applicable, concerning any matter are not identical--
                            (A) the Senate shall vote passage on the 
                        resolution introduced in the Senate, and
                            (B) the text of the joint resolution passed 
                        by the Senate shall, immediately upon its 
                        passage (or, if later, upon receipt of the joint 
                        resolution passed by the House), be substituted 
                        for the text of the joint resolution passed by 
                        the House of Representatives, and such 
                        resolution, as amended, shall be returned with a 
                        request for a conference between the two Houses.
                (3) Consideration in the Senate of any veto message with 
            respect to a joint resolution described in subsection 
            (a)(2)(B) or section 2193(a) of this title, including 
            consideration of all debatable motions and appeals in 
            connection therewith, shall be limited to 10 hours, to be 
            equally divided between, and controlled by, the majority 
            leader and the minority leader or their designees. (Pub. L. 
            93-618, Title I, Sec. 152, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2004; Pub. 
            L. 96-39, Title IX, Sec. 902(a)(1), Title XI, 
            Sec. 1106(c)(5), July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 299, 312; Pub. L. 
            98-573, Title II, Sec. 248(b), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2998; 
            Pub. L. 101-382, Title I, Sec. 132(c)(2)-(5), Aug. 20, 1990, 
            104 Stat. 646, 647; Pub. L. 103-465, Title II, 
            Sec. 261(d)(1)(A)(ii), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4909; Pub. L. 
            104-295, Sec. 20(b)(10), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3527.)
       348  Sec. 2193. Resolutions relating to extension of waiver 
                authority under section 402 of the Trade Act of 1974
            (a) Contents of resolution
                For purposes of this section, the term ``resolution'' 
            means only a joint resolution of the two Houses of Congress, 
            the matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
            follows: ``That the Congress does not approve the extension 
            of the authority contained in section 402(c) of the Trade 
            Act of 1974 recommended by the President to the Congress 
            on_____ with respect to_____.'', with the first blank space 
            being filled with the appropriate date, and the second blank 
            space being filled with the names of those countries, if 
            any, with respect to which such extension of authority is 
            not approved, and with the clause beginning with ``with 
            respect to'' being omitted if the extension of the authority 
            is not approved with respect to any country.
            (b) Application of rules of section 2192 of this title; 
                exceptions
                (1) Except as provided in this section, the provisions 
            of section 2192 of this title shall apply to resolutions 
            described in subsection (a).
                (2) In applying section 2192(c)(1) of this title, all 
            calendar days shall be counted.
                (3) That part of section 2192(d)(2) of this title which 
            provides that no amendment is in order shall not apply to 
            any amendment to a resolution which is limited to striking 
            out or inserting the names of

[[Page 358]]

            one or more countries or to striking out or inserting a 
            with-respect-to clause. Debate in the House of 
            Representatives on any amendment to a resolution shall be 
            limited to not more than 1 hour which shall be equally 
            divided between those favoring and those opposing the 
            amendment. A motion in the House to further limit debate on 
            an amendment to a resolution is not debatable.
                (4) That part of section 2192(e)(4) of this title which 
            provides that no amendment is in order shall not apply to 
            any amendment to a resolution which is limited to striking 
            out or inserting the names of one or more countries or to 
            striking out or inserting a with-respect-to clause. The time 
            limit on a debate on a resolution in the Senate under 
            section 2192(e)(2) of this title shall include all 
            amendments to a resolution. Debate in the Senate on any 
            amendment to a resolution shall be limited to not more than 
            1 hour, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, 
            the mover and the manager of the resolution, except that in 
            the event the manager of the resolution is in favor of any 
            such amendment, the time in opposition thereto shall be 
            controlled by the minority leader or his designee. The 
            majority leader and minority leader may, from time under 
            their control on the passage of a resolution, allot 
            additional time to any Senator during the consideration of 
            any amendment. A motion in the Senate to further limit 
            debate on an amendment to a resolution is not debatable.
            (c) Consideration of second resolution not in order
                It shall not be in order in either the House of 
            Representatives or the Senate to consider a resolution with 
            respect to a recommendation of the President under section 
            2432(d) of this title (other than a resolution described in 
            subsection (a) received from the other House), if that House 
            has adopted a resolution with respect to the same 
            recommendation.
            (d) Procedures relating to conference reports in the Senate
                (1) Consideration in the Senate of the conference report 
            on any joint resolution described in subsection (a), 
            including consideration of all amendments in disagreement 
            (and all amendments thereto), and consideration of all 
            debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall 
            be limited to 10 hours, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the majority leader and the minority leader 
            or their designees. Debate on any debatable motion or appeal 
            related to the conference report shall be limited to 1 hour, 
            to be equally divided between, and controlled by, the mover 
            and the manager of the conference report.
                (2) In any case in which there are amendments in 
            disagreement, time on each amendment shall be limited to 30 
            minutes, to be equally divided between, and controlled by, 
            the manager of the conference report and the minority leader 
            or his designee. No amendment to any amendment in 
            disagreement shall be received unless it is a germane 
            amendment. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title I, Sec. 153, Jan. 3, 1975, 
            88 Stat. 2006; Pub. L. 101-382, Title I, Sec. 132(a)(3)-(6), 
            Aug. 20, 1990, 104 Stat. 644, 645.)
       349  Sec. 2194. Special rules relating to Congressional 
                procedures
            (a) Delivery of documents to both Houses
                Whenever, pursuant to section 2112(e), 2253(b), 2432(d), 
            or 2437(a) or (b), a document is required to be transmitted 
            to the Congress, copies of such document shall be delivered 
            to both Houses of Congress on

[[Page 359]]

            the same day and shall be delivered to the Clerk of the 
            House of Representatives if the House is not in session and 
            to the Secretary of the Senate if the Senate is not in 
            session.
            (b) Computation of 90-day period
                For purposes of sections 2253(c) and 2437(c)(2) of this 
            title, the 90-day period referred to in such sections shall 
            be computed by excluding--
                            (1) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 3 
                        days to a day certain or an adjournment of the 
                        Congress sine die, and
                            (2) any Saturday and Sunday, not excluded 
                        under paragraph (1), when either House is not in 
                        session. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title I, Sec. 154, 
                        Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2008; Pub. L. 96-39, 
                        Title IX, Sec. 902(a)(2), July 26, 1979, 93 
                        Stat. 300; Pub. L. 101-382, Title I, 
                        Sec. 132(c)(6), Aug. 20, 1990, 104 Stat. 647; 
                        Pub. L. 103-465, Title II, 
                        Sec. 261(d)(1)(A)(iii), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 
                        4909; Pub. L. 106-36, Title I, Sec. 1001(a)(5), 
                        June 25, 1999, 113 Stat. 130.)
       350  Sec. 2253. Action by President after determination of import 
                injury

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Reports to Congress
                (1) On the day the President takes action under 
            subsection (a)(1), the President shall transmit to Congress 
            a document describing the action and the reasons for taking 
            the action. If the action taken by the President differs 
            from the action required to be recommended by the Commission 
            under section 2252(e)(1) of this title, the President shall 
            state in detail the reasons for the difference.
                (2) On the day on which the President decides that there 
            is no appropriate and feasible action to take under 
            subsection (a)(1) with respect to a domestic industry, the 
            President shall transmit to Congress a document that sets 
            forth in detail the reasons for the decision.
                (3) On the day on which the President takes any action 
            under subsection (a)(1) that is not reported under paragraph 
            (1), the President shall transmit to Congress a document 
            setting forth the action being taken and the reasons 
            therefor.
            (c) Implementation of action recommended by Commission
                If the President reports under subsection (b)(1) or (2) 
            that--
                            (1) the action taken under subsection (a)(1) 
                        differs from the action recommended by the 
                        Commission under section 2252(e)(1) of this 
                        title; or
                            (2) no action will be taken under subsection 
                        (a)(1) with respect to the domestic industry;the 
                        action recommended by the Commission shall take 
                        effect (as provided in subsection (d)(2)) upon 
                        the enactment of a joint resolution described in 
                        section 2192(a)(1)(A) of this title within the 
                        90-day period beginning on the date on which the 
                        document referred to in subsection (b)(1) or (2) 
                        is transmitted to the Congress. (Pub. L. 93-618, 
                        Title II, Sec. 203, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2015; 
                        Pub. L. 96-39, Title XI, Sec. 1106(d), July 26, 
                        1979, 93 Stat. 312; Pub. L. 98-573, Title II, 
                        Sec. 248(a), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2998; Pub. 
                        L. 100-418, Title I, Sec. Sec. 1214(j)(2), 
                        1401(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1158, 1234; 
                        Pub. L. 100-647, Title IX, Sec. 9001(a)(2), Nov.

[[Page 360]]

                        10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3806; Pub. L. 103-465, Title 
                        III, Sec. Sec. 301(d)(3), 302(a)-(b)(4)(A), 
                        303(7) (10), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4933-4937.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       351  Sec. 2432. Freedom of emigration in East-West trade

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Waiver authority of President
                (1) During the 18-month period beginning on January 3, 
            1975, the President is authorized to waive by Executive 
            order the application of subsections (a) and (b) with 
            respect to any country, if he reports to the Congress that--
                            (A) he has determined that such waiver will 
                        substantially promote the objectives of this 
                        section; and
                            (B) he has received assurances that the 
                        emigration practices of that country will 
                        henceforth lead substantially to the achievement 
                        of the objectives of this section.
                (2) During any period subsequent to the 18-month period 
            referred to in paragraph (1), the President is authorized to 
            waive by Executive order the application of subsections (a) 
            and (b) with respect to any country, if the waiver authority 
            granted by this subsection continues to apply to such 
            country pursuant to subsection (d), and if he reports to the 
            Congress that--
                            (A) he has determined that such waiver will 
                        substantially promote the objectives of this 
                        section; and
                            (B) he has received assurances that the 
                        emigration practices of that country will 
                        henceforth lead substantially to the achievement 
                        of the objectives of this section.
                (3) A waiver with respect to any country shall terminate 
            on the day after the waiver authority granted by this 
            subsection ceases to be effective with respect to such 
            country pursuant to subsection (d). The President may, at 
            any time, terminate by Executive order any waiver granted 
            under this subsection.
            (d) Extension of waiver authority
                (1) If the President determines that the further 
            extension of the waiver authority granted under subsection 
            (c) will substantially promote the objectives of this 
            section, he may recommend further extensions of such 
            authority for successive 12-month periods. Any such 
            recommendations shall--
                            (A) be made not later than 30 days before 
                        the expiration of such authority;
                            (B) be made in a document transmitted to the 
                        House of Representatives and the Senate setting 
                        forth his reasons for recommending the extension 
                        of such authority; and
                            (C) include, for each country with respect 
                        to which a waiver granted under subsection (c) 
                        is in effect, a determination that continuation 
                        of the waiver applicable to that country will 
                        substantially promote the objectives of this 
                        section, and a statement setting forth his 
                        reasons for such determination.
                If the President recommends the further extension of 
            such authority, such authority shall continue in effect 
            until the end of the 12-month period following the end of 
            the previous 12-month extension with respect to any country 
            (except for any country with respect to which such author

[[Page 361]]

            ity has not been extended under this subsection), unless a 
            joint resolution described in section 2193(a) of this title 
            is enacted into law pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 
            (2).
                (2)(A) The requirements of this paragraph are met if the 
            joint resolution is enacted under the procedures set forth 
            in section 2193 of this title, and--

                                (i) the Congress adopts and transmits 
                            the joint resolution to the President before 
                            the end of the 60-day period beginning on 
                            the date the waiver authority would expire 
                            but for an extension under paragraph (1), 
                            and

                                (ii) if the President vetoes the joint 
                            resolution, each House of Congress votes to 
                            override such veto on or before the later of 
                            the last day of the 60-day period referred 
                            to in clause (i) or the last day of the 15-
                            day period (excluding any day described in 
                            section 2194(b) of this title) beginning on 
                            the date the Congress receives the veto 
                            message from the President.

                (B) If a joint resolution is enacted into law under the 
            provisions of this paragraph, the waiver authority 
            applicable to any country with respect to which the joint 
            resolution disapproves of the extension of such authority 
            shall cease to be effective as of the day after the 60-day 
            period beginning on the date of the enactment of the joint 
            resolution.
                (C) A joint resolution to which this subsection and 
            section 2193 of this title apply may be introduced at any 
            time on or after the date the President transmits to the 
            Congress the document described in paragraph (1)(B).
            (e) Countries not covered
                This section shall not apply to any country the products 
            of which are eligible for the rates set forth in rate column 
            numbered 1 of the Tariff Schedules of the United States on 
            January 3, 1975. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title IV, Sec. 402, Jan. 
            3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2056; Pub. L. 96-39, Title XI, 
            Sec. 1106(f)(1), July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 312; Pub. L. 101-
            382, Title I, Sec. 132(a)(1), (2), Aug. 20, 1990, 104 Stat. 
            643, 644; Pub. L. 105-206, Title V, Sec. 5003(b)(2)(A), July 
            22, 1998, 112 Stat. 789.)
       352  Sec. 2437. Procedure for Congressional approval or 
                disapproval of extension of nondiscriminatory treatment 
                and Presidential reports
            (a) Transmission of nondiscriminatory treatment documents to 
                Congress
                Whenever the President issues a proclamation under 
            section 2434 of this title extending nondiscriminatory 
            treatment to the products of any foreign country, he shall 
            promptly transmit to the House of Representatives and to the 
            Senate a document setting forth the proclamation and the 
            agreement the proclamation proposes to implement, together 
            with his reasons therefor.
            (b) Transmission of freedom of emigration documents to 
                Congress
                The President shall transmit to the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate a document containing the 
            initial report submitted by him under section 2432(b) or 
            2439(b) of this title with respect to a nonmarket economy 
            country. On or before December 31 of each year, the 
            President shall transmit to the House of Representatives and 
            the Senate, a docu

[[Page 362]]

            ment containing the report required by section 2432(b) or 
            2439(b) of this title as the case may be, to be submitted on 
            or before such December 31.
            (c) Effective date of proclamations and agreements; 
                disapproval of reports
                (1) In the case of a document referred to in subsection 
            (a), the proclamation set forth in the document may become 
            effective and the agreement set forth in the document may 
            enter into force and effect only if a joint resolution 
            described in section 2191(b)(3) of this title that approves 
            of the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the 
            products of the country concerned is enacted into law.
                (2) In the case of a document referred to in subsection 
            (b) which contains a report submitted by the President under 
            section 2432(b) or 2439(b) of this title with respect to a 
            nonmarket economy country, if, before the close of the 90-
            day period beginning on the day on which such document is 
            delivered to the House of Representatives and to the Senate, 
            a joint resolution described in section 2192(a)(1)(B) of 
            this title is enacted into law that disapproves of the 
            report submitted by the President with respect to such 
            country, then, beginning with the day after the end of the 
            60-day period beginning with the date of the enactment of 
            such resolution of disapproval, (A) nondiscriminatory 
            treatment shall not be in force with respect to the products 
            of such country, and the products of such country shall be 
            dutiable at the rates set forth in rate column numbered 2 of 
            the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, (B) 
            such country may not participate in any program of the 
            Government of the United States which extends credit or 
            credit guarantees or investment guarantees, and (C) no 
            commercial agreement may thereafter be concluded with such 
            country under this subchapter. If the President vetoes the 
            joint resolution, the joint resolution shall be treated as 
            enacted into law before the end of the 90-day period under 
            this paragraph if both Houses of Congress vote to override 
            such veto on or before the later of the last day of such 90-
            day period or the last day of the 15-day period (excluding 
            any day described in section 2194(b) of this title) 
            beginning on the date the Congress receives the veto message 
            from the President. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title IV, Sec. 407, 
            Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 100-418, Title I, 
            Sec. 1214(j)(4), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1158 ; Pub. L. 
            101-382, Title I, Sec. 132(b)(3), (c)(1), Aug. 20, 1990, 104 
            Stat. 646.)
       353  Sec. 2492. Tariff treatment of products of uncooperative 
                major drug producing or drug-transit countries
            (a) Required action by President
                Subject to subsection (b), for every major drug 
            producing country and every major drug-transit country, the 
            President shall, on or after March 1, 1987, and March 1 of 
            each succeeding year, to the extent considered necessary by 
            the President to achieve the purposes of this subchapter--
                            (1) deny to any or all of the products of 
                        that country tariff treatment under the 
                        Generalized System of Preferences, the Caribbean 
                        Basin Economic Recovery Act [19 U.S.C. 2701 et 
                        seq.], or any other law providing preferential 
                        tariff treatment;
                            (2) apply to any or all of the dutiable 
                        products of that country an additional duty at a 
                        rate not to exceed 50 percent ad valorem or the 
                        specific rate equivalent;

[[Page 363]]

                            (3) apply to one or more duty-free products 
                        of that country a duty at a rate not to exceed 
                        50 percent ad valorem;
                            (4) take the steps described in subsection 
                        (d)(1) or (d)(2), or both, to curtail air 
                        transportation between the United States and 
                        that country;
                            (5) withdraw the personnel and resources of 
                        the United States from participation in any 
                        arrangement with that country for the pre-
                        clearance of customs by visitors between the 
                        United States and that country; or
                            (6) take any combination of the actions 
                        described in paragraphs (1) through (5).
            (b) Certifications; Congressional action
                            (1)(A) Subject to paragraph (3), subsection 
                        (a) shall not apply with respect to a country if 
                        the President determines and certifies to the 
                        Congress, at the time of the submission of the 
                        report required by section 2291h of title 22, 
                        that-- * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

                            (3) Subsection (a) shall apply to a country 
                        without regard to paragraph (1) of this 
                        subsection if the Congress enacts, within 45 
                        days of continuous session after receipt of a 
                        certification under paragraph (1), a joint 
                        resolution disapproving the determination of the 
                        President contained in that certification.
                            (4) If the President takes action under 
                        subsection (a), that action shall remain in 
                        effect until--

                                (A) the President makes the 
                            certification under paragraph (1), a period 
                            of 45 days of continuous session of Congress 
                            elapses, and during that period the Congress 
                            does not enact a joint resolution of 
                            disapproval; or

                                (B) the President submits at any other 
                            time a certification of the matters 
                            described in paragraph (1) with respect to 
                            that country, a period of 45 days of 
                            continuous session of Congress elapses, and 
                            during that period the Congress does not 
                            enact a joint resolution of disapproving the 
                            determination contained in that 
                            certification.

                            (5) For the purpose of expediting the 
                        consideration and enactment of joint resolutions 
                        under paragraphs (3) and (4)--

                                (A) a motion to proceed to the 
                            consideration of any such joint resolution 
                            after it has been reported by the Committee 
                            on Ways and Means shall be treated as highly 
                            privileged in the House of Representatives; 
                            and

                                (B) a motion to proceed to the 
                            consideration of any such joint resolution 
                            after it has been reported by the Committee 
                            on Finance shall be treated as privileged in 
                            the Senate. (Pub. L. 93-618, Title VIII, 
                            Sec. 802, as added Pub. L. 99-570, Title IX, 
                            Sec. 9001, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207-
                            164; amended Pub. L. 100-204, Title VIII, 
                            Sec. 806(a), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1398; 
                            Pub. L. 100-690, Title IV, Sec. 4408, Nov. 
                            18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4281; Pub. L. 101-231, 
                            Sec. 17(h)(1)-(4), Dec. 13, 1989, 103 Stat.

[[Page 364]]

                            1965; Pub. L. 106-36, Title I, 
                            Sec. 1001(a)(8), June 25, 1999, 113 Stat. 
                            131.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       354  Sec. 2495. Definitions
                For purposes of this subchapter--
                            (1) continuity of a session of Congress is 
                        broken only by an adjournment of the Congress 
                        sine die, and the days on which either House is 
                        not in session because of an adjournment of more 
                        than three days to a day certain are excluded in 
                        the computation of the period indicated. (Pub. 
                        L. 93-618, Title VIII, Sec. 805, as added Pub. 
                        L. 99-570, Title IX, Sec. 9001, Oct. 27, 1986, 
                        100 Stat. 3207-166; amended Pub. L. 101-231, 
                        Sec. 17(h)(5), Dec. 13, 1989, 103 Stat. 1965; 
                        Pub. L. 106-36, Title I, Sec. 1001(a)(10), June 
                        25, 1999, 113 Stat. 131.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                Chapter 17--NEGOTIATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TRADE 
                                     AGREEMENTS

       355  Sec. 2903. Implementation of trade agreements
            (a) In general
                (1) Any agreement entered into under section 2902(b) or 
            (c) of this title shall enter into force with respect to the 
            United States if (and only if)--
                            (A) the President, at least 90 calendar days 
                        before the day on which he enters into the trade 
                        agreement, notifies the House of Representatives 
                        and the Senate of his intention to enter into 
                        the agreement, and promptly thereafter publishes 
                        notice of such intention in the Federal 
                        Register;
                            (B) after entering into the agreement, the 
                        President submits a document to the House of 
                        Representatives and to the Senate containing a 
                        copy of the final legal text of the agreement, 
                        together with--

                                (i) a draft of an implementing bill,

                                (ii) a statement of any administrative 
                            action proposed to implement the trade 
                            agreement, and

                                (iii) the supporting information 
                            described in paragraph (2); and

                            (C) the implementing bill is enacted into 
                        law.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Application of Congressional ``fast track'' procedures 
                to implementing bills
                (1) Except as provided in subsection (c)--
                            (A) the provisions of section 2191 of this 
                        title (hereinafter in this section referred to 
                        as ``fast track procedures'') apply to 
                        implementing bills submitted with respect to 
                        trade agreements entered into under section 
                        2902(b) or (c) of this title before June 1, 
                        1991; and
                            (B) such fast track procedures shall be 
                        extended to implementing bills submitted with 
                        respect to trade agreements entered into under 
                        section 2902(b) or (c) of this title after May 
                        31, 1991, and before June 1, 1993, if (and only 
                        if)--

[[Page 365]]

                                (i) the President requests such 
                            extension under paragraph (2); and

                                (ii) neither House of the Congress 
                            adopts an extension disapproval resolution 
                            under paragraph (5) before June 1, 1991.

                (2) If the President is of the opinion that the fast 
            track procedures should be extended to implementing bills 
            described in paragraph (1)(B), the President must submit to 
            the Congress, no later than March 1, 1991, a written report 
            that contains a request for such extension, together with--
                            (A) a description of all trade agreements 
                        that have been negotiated under section 2902(b) 
                        or (c) of this title and the anticipated 
                        schedule for submitting such agreements to the 
                        Congress for approval;
                            (B) a description of the progress that has 
                        been made in multilateral and bilateral 
                        negotiations to achieve the purposes, policies, 
                        and objectives of this title, and a statement 
                        that such progress justifies the continuation of 
                        negotiations; and
                            (C) a statement of the reasons why the 
                        extension is needed to complete the 
                        negotiations.
                (3) The President shall promptly inform the Advisory 
            Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations established 
            under section 2155 of this title of his decision to submit a 
            report to Congress under paragraph (2). The Advisory 
            Committee shall submit to the Congress as soon as 
            practicable, but no later than March 1, 1991, a written 
            report that contains--
                            (A) its views regarding the progress that 
                        has been made in multilateral and bilateral 
                        negotiations to achieve the purposes, policies, 
                        and objectives of this title; and
                            (B) a statement of its views, and the 
                        reasons therefor, regarding whether the 
                        extension requested under paragraph (2) should 
                        be approved or disapproved.
                (4) The reports submitted to the Congress under 
            paragraphs (2) and (3), or any portion of the reports, may 
            be classified to the extent the President determines 
            appropriate.
                (5)(A) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``extension disapproval resolution'' means a resolution of 
            either House of the Congress, the sole matter after the 
            resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That the _____ 
            disapproves the request of the President for the extension, 
            under section 1103(b)(1)(B)(i) of the Omnibus Trade and 
            Competitiveness Act of 1988, of the provisions of section 
            151 of the Trade Act of 1974 to any implementing bill 
            submitted with respect to any trade agreement entered into 
            under section 1102(b) or (c) of such Act after May 31, 1991, 
            because sufficient tangible progress has not been made in 
            trade negotiations.'', with the blank space being filled 
            with the name of the resolving House of the Congress.
                (B) Extension disapproval resolutions--
                            (i) may be introduced in either House of the 
                        Congress by any member of such House; and
                            (ii) shall be jointly referred, in the House 
                        of Representatives, to the Committee on Ways and 
                        Means and the Committee on Rules.
                (C) The provisions of section 2192(d) and (e) of this 
            title (relating to the floor consideration of certain 
            resolutions in the House and Senate) apply to extension 
            disapproval resolutions.
                (D) It is not in order for--

[[Page 366]]

                            (i) the Senate to consider any extension 
                        disapproval resolution not reported by the 
                        Committee on Finance;
                            (ii) the House of Representatives to 
                        consider any extension disapproval resolution 
                        not reported by the Committee on Ways and Means 
                        and the Committee on Rules; or
                            (iii) either House of the Congress to 
                        consider an extension disapproval resolution 
                        that is reported to such House after May 15, 
                        1991.
            (c) Limitations on use of ``fast track'' procedures
                (1)(A) The fast track procedures shall not apply to any 
            implementing bill submitted with respect to a trade 
            agreement entered into under section 2902(b) or (c) of this 
            title if both Houses of the Congress separately agree to 
            procedural disapproval resolutions within any 60-day period.
                (B) Procedural disapproval resolutions--
                            (i) in the House of Representatives--

                                (I) shall be introduced by the chairman 
                            or ranking minority member of the Committee 
                            on Ways and Means or the chairman or ranking 
                            minority member of the Committee on Rules,

                                (II) shall be jointly referred to the 
                            Committee on Ways and Means and the 
                            Committee on Rules, and

                                (III) may not be amended by either 
                            Committee; and

                            (ii) in the Senate shall be original 
                        resolutions of the Committee on Finance.
                (C) The provisions of section 2192(d) and (e) of this 
            title (relating to the floor consideration of certain 
            resolutions in the House and Senate) apply to procedural 
            disapproval resolutions.
                (D) It is not in order for the House of Representatives 
            to consider any procedural disapproval resolution not 
            reported by the Committee on Ways and Means and the 
            Committee on Rules.
                (E) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``procedural disapproval resolution'' means a resolution of 
            either House of the Congress, the sole matter after the 
            resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That the 
            President has failed or refused to consult with Congress on 
            trade negotiations and trade agreements in accordance with 
            the provisions of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act 
            of 1988, and, therefore, the provisions of section 151 of 
            the Trade Act of 1974 shall not apply to any implementing 
            bill submitted with respect to any trade agreement entered 
            into under section 1102(b) or (c) of such Act of 1988, if, 
            during the 60-day period beginning on the date on which this 
            resolution is agreed to by the _____, the _____ agrees to a 
            procedural disapproval resolution (within the meaning of 
            section 1103(c)(1)(E) of such Act of 1988).'', with the 
            first blank space being filled with the name of the 
            resolving House of the Congress and the second blank space 
            being filled with the name of the other House of the 
            Congress.
                (2) The fast track procedures shall not apply to any 
            implementing bill that contains a provision approving of any 
            trade agreement which is entered into under section 2902(c) 
            of this title with any foreign country if either--
                            (A) the requirements of section 2902(c)(3) 
                        of this title are not met with respect to the 
                        negotiation of such agreement; or
                            (B) the Committee on Finance of the Senate 
                        or the Committee on Ways and Means of the House 
                        of Representatives disapproves

[[Page 367]]

                        of the negotiation of such agreement before the 
                        close of the 60-day period which begins on the 
                        date notice is provided under section 
                        2902(c)(3)(C)(i) of this title with respect to 
                        the negotiation of such agreement.
            (d) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                Subsections (b) and (c) are enacted by the Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
                        respectively, and as such is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, and such 
                        procedures supersede other rules only to the 
                        extent that they are inconsistent with such 
                        other rules; and
                            (2) with the full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedures 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as any other rule of that 
                        House.
            (e) Computation of certain periods of time
                Each period of time described in subsection (c)(1)(A) 
            and (E) and (2) of this section shall be computed without 
            regard to--
                            (1) the days on which either House of 
                        Congress is not in session because of an 
                        adjournment of more than 3 days to a day certain 
                        or an adjournment of the Congress sine die; and
                            (2) any Saturday and Sunday, not excluded 
                        under paragraph (1), when either House of the 
                        Congress is not in session. (Pub. L. 100-418, 
                        Title I, Sec. 1103, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 
                        1128.)
            
                     Chapter 22--URUGUAY ROUND TRADE AGREEMENTS

       356  Sec. 3535. Review of participation in WTO
            (a) Report on operation of WTO
                The first annual report submitted to the Congress under 
            section 3534 of this title--
                            (1) after the end of the 5-year period 
                        beginning on the date on which the WTO Agreement 
                        enters into force with respect to the United 
                        States, and
                            (2) after the end of every 5-year period 
                        thereafter,

            shall include an analysis of the effects of the WTO 
            Agreement on the interests of the United States, the costs 
            and benefits to the United States of its participation in 
            the WTO, and the value of the continued participation of the 
            United States in the WTO.

            (b) Congressional disapproval of U.S. participation in WTO
                (1) General rule
                            The approval of the Congress, provided under 
                        section 3511(a) of this title, of the WTO 
                        Agreement shall cease to be effective if, and 
                        only if, a joint resolution described in 
                        subsection (c) is enacted into law pursuant to 
                        the provisions of paragraph (2).
                (2) Procedural provisions
                            (A) The requirements of this paragraph are 
                        met if the joint resolution is enacted under 
                        subsection (c), and--

                                (i) the Congress adopts and transmits 
                            the joint resolution to the President before 
                            the end of the 90-day period (excluding any 
                            day described in section 2194(b) of this 
                            title), beginning

[[Page 368]]

                            on the date on which the Congress receives a 
                            report referred to in subsection (a), and

                                (ii) if the President vetoes the joint 
                            resolution, each House of Congress votes to 
                            override that veto on or before the later of 
                            the last day of the 90-day period referred 
                            to in clause (i) or the last day of the 15-
                            day period (excluding any day described in 
                            section 2194(b) of this title) beginning on 
                            the date on which the Congress receives the 
                            veto message from the President.

                            (B) A joint resolution to which this section 
                        applies may be introduced at any time on or 
                        after the date on which the President transmits 
                        to the Congress a report described in subsection 
                        (a), and before the end of the 90-day period 
                        referred to in subparagraph (A).
            (c) Joint resolutions
                (1) Joint resolutions
                            For purposes of this section, the term 
                        ``joint resolution'' means only a joint 
                        resolution of the 2 Houses of Congress, the 
                        matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the Congress withdraws its 
                        approval, provided under section 101(a) of the 
                        Uruguay Round Agreements Act, of the WTO 
                        Agreement as defined in section 2(9) of that 
                        Act.''
                (2) Procedures
                            (A) Joint resolutions may be introduced in 
                        either House of the Congress by any member of 
                        such House.
                            (B) Subject to the provisions of this 
                        subsection, the provisions of subsections (b), 
                        (d), (e), and (f) of section 2192 of this title 
                        apply to joint resolutions to the same extent as 
                        such provisions apply to resolutions under such 
                        section.
                            (C) If the committee of either House to 
                        which a joint resolution has been referred has 
                        not reported it by the close of the 45th day 
                        after its introduction (excluding any day 
                        described in section 2194(b) of this title), 
                        such committee shall be automatically discharged 
                        from further consideration of the joint 
                        resolution and it shall be placed on the 
                        appropriate calendar.
                            (D) It is not in order for--

                                (i) the Senate to consider any joint 
                            resolution unless it has been reported by 
                            the Committee on Finance or the committee 
                            has been discharged under subparagraph (C); 
                            or

                                (ii) the House of Representatives to 
                            consider any joint resolution unless it has 
                            been reported by the Committee on Ways and 
                            Means or the committee has been discharged 
                            under subparagraph (C).

                            (E) A motion in the House of Representatives 
                        to proceed to the consideration of a joint 
                        resolution may only be made on the second 
                        legislative day after the calendar day on which 
                        the Member making the motion announces to the 
                        House his or her intention to do so.
                (3) Consideration of second resolution not in order
                            It shall not be in order in either the House 
                        of Representatives or the Senate to consider a 
                        joint resolution (other than a joint resolution 
                        received from the other House), if that House 
                        has previously adopted a joint resolution under 
                        this section.

[[Page 369]]

            (d) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                This section is enacted by the Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
                        respectively, and as such is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, and such 
                        procedures supersede other rules only to the 
                        extent that they are inconsistent with such 
                        other rules; and
                            (2) with the full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedures 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as any other rule of that 
                        House. (Pub. L. 103-465, Dec. 8, 1994, Title I, 
                        Sec. 125, 108 Stat. 4833.)
            
             Chapter 27--BIPARTISAN CONGRESSIONAL TRADE PRIORITIES AND 
                                   ACCOUNTABILITY

       357  Sec. 4202. Trade agreements authority
            (a) Agreements regarding tariff barriers
                (1) In general
                            Whenever the President determines that one 
                        or more existing duties or other import 
                        restrictions of any foreign country or the 
                        United States are unduly burdening and 
                        restricting the foreign trade of the United 
                        States and that the purposes, policies, 
                        priorities, and objectives of this chapter will 
                        be promoted thereby, the President--

                                (A) may enter into trade agreements with 
                            foreign countries before--

                                        (i) July 1, 2018; or

                                        (ii) July 1, 2021, if trade 
                                    authorities procedures are extended 
                                    under subsection (c); and

                                (B) may, subject to paragraphs (2) and 
                            (3), proclaim--

                                        (i) such modification or 
                                    continuance of any existing duty,

                                        (ii) such continuance of 
                                    existing duty free or excise 
                                    treatment, or

                                        (iii) such additional duties,

                            as the President determines to be required 
                        or appropriate to carry out any such trade 
                        agreement.
                Substantial modifications to, or substantial additional 
            provisions of, a trade agreement entered into after July 1, 
            2018, or July 1, 2021, if trade authorities procedures are 
            extended under subsection (c), shall not be eligible for 
            approval under this chapter.
                (2) Notification
                            The President shall notify Congress of the 
                        President's intention to enter into an agreement 
                        under this subsection.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Agreements regarding tariff and nontariff barriers
                (1) In general
                            (A) Whenever the President determines that--

                                (i) 1 or more existing duties or any 
                            other import restriction of any foreign 
                            country or the United States or any other 
                            barrier to, or other distortion of, 
                            international trade unduly burdens or 
                            restricts the foreign trade of the United 
                            States or adversely affects the United 
                            States economy, or

[[Page 370]]

                                (ii) the imposition of any such barrier 
                            or distortion is likely to result in such a 
                            burden, restriction, or effect,
                            and that the purposes, policies, priorities, 
                            and objectives of this chapter will be 
                            promoted thereby, the President may enter 
                            into a trade agreement described in 
                            subparagraph (B) during the period described 
                            in subparagraph (C).

                            (B) The President may enter into a trade 
                        agreement under subparagraph (A) with foreign 
                        countries providing for--

                                (i) the reduction or elimination of a 
                            duty, restriction, barrier, or other 
                            distortion described in subparagraph (A); or

                                (ii) the prohibition of, or limitation 
                            on the imposition of, such barrier or other 
                            distortion.

                            (C) The President may enter into a trade 
                        agreement under this paragraph before--

                                (i) July 1, 2018; or

                                (ii) July 1, 2021, if trade authorities 
                            procedures are extended under subsection 
                            (c).

                            Substantial modifications to, or substantial 
                        additional provisions of, a trade agreement 
                        entered into after July 1, 2018, or July 1, 
                        2021, if trade authorities procedures are 
                        extended under subsection (c), shall not be 
                        eligible for approval under this chapter.
                (2) Conditions
                            A trade agreement may be entered into under 
                        this subsection only if such agreement makes 
                        progress in meeting the applicable objectives 
                        described in subsections (a) and (b) of section 
                        4201 of this title and the President satisfies 
                        the conditions set forth in sections 4203 and 
                        4204 of this title.
                (3) Bills qualifying for trade authorities procedures
                            (A) The provisions of section 2191 of this 
                        title (in this chapter referred to as ``trade 
                        authorities procedures'') apply to a bill of 
                        either House of Congress which contains 
                        provisions described in subparagraph (B) to the 
                        same extent as such section 2191 applies to 
                        implementing bills under that section. A bill to 
                        which this paragraph applies shall hereafter in 
                        this chapter be referred to as an ``implementing 
                        bill''.
                            (B) The provisions referred to in 
                        subparagraph (A) are--

                                (i) a provision approving a trade 
                            agreement entered into under this subsection 
                            and approving the statement of 
                            administrative action, if any, proposed to 
                            implement such trade agreement; and

                                (ii) if changes in existing laws or new 
                            statutory authority are required to 
                            implement such trade agreement or 
                            agreements, only such provisions as are 
                            strictly necessary or appropriate to 
                            implement such trade agreement or 
                            agreements, either repealing or amending 
                            existing laws or providing new statutory 
                            authority.

            (c) Extension disapproval process for congressional trade 
                authorities procedures
                (1) In general
                            Except as provided in section 4205(b) of 
                        this title--

                                (A) the trade authorities procedures 
                            apply to implementing bills submitted with 
                            respect to trade agreements entered into 
                            under subsection (b) before July 1, 2018; 
                            and

[[Page 371]]

                                (B) the trade authorities procedures 
                            shall be extended to implementing bills 
                            submitted with respect to trade agreements 
                            entered into under subsection (b) after June 
                            30, 2018, and before July 1, 2021, if (and 
                            only if)--

                                        (i) the President requests such 
                                    extension under paragraph (2); and

                                        (ii) neither House of Congress 
                                    adopts an extension disapproval 
                                    resolution under paragraph (5) 
                                    before July 1, 2018.

                (2) Report to Congress by the President
                            If the President is of the opinion that the 
                        trade authorities procedures should be extended 
                        to implementing bills described in paragraph 
                        (1)(B), the President shall submit to Congress, 
                        not later than April 1, 2018, a written report 
                        that contains a request for such extension, 
                        together with--

                                (A) a description of all trade 
                            agreements that have been negotiated under 
                            subsection (b) and the anticipated schedule 
                            for submitting such agreements to Congress 
                            for approval;

                                (B) a description of the progress that 
                            has been made in negotiations to achieve the 
                            purposes, policies, priorities, and 
                            objectives of this chapter, and a statement 
                            that such progress justifies the 
                            continuation of negotiations; and

                                (C) a statement of the reasons why the 
                            extension is needed to complete the 
                            negotiations.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (5) Extension disapproval resolutions
                            (A) For purposes of paragraph (1), the term 
                        ``extension disapproval resolution'' means a 
                        resolution of either House of Congress, the sole 
                        matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the_____ disapproves the request 
                        of the President for the extension, under 
                        section 103(c)(1)(B)(i) of the Bipartisan 
                        Congressional Trade Priorities and 
                        Accountability Act of 2015, of the trade 
                        authorities procedures under that Act to any 
                        implementing bill submitted with respect to any 
                        trade agreement entered into under section 
                        103(b) of that Act after June 30, 2018.'', with 
                        the blank space being filled with the name of 
                        the resolving House of Congress.
                            (B) Extension disapproval resolutions--

                                (i) may be introduced in either House of 
                            Congress by any member of such House; and

                                (ii) shall be referred, in the House of 
                            Representatives, to the Committee on Ways 
                            and Means and, in addition, to the Committee 
                            on Rules.

                            (C) The provisions of subsections (d) and 
                        (e) of section 2192 of this title (relating to 
                        the floor consideration of certain resolutions 
                        in the House and Senate) apply to extension 
                        disapproval resolutions.
                            (D) It is not in order for--

                                (i) the House of Representatives to 
                            consider any extension disapproval 
                            resolution not reported by the Committee on 
                            Ways and Means and, in addition, by the 
                            Committee on Rules;

                                (ii) the Senate to consider any 
                            extension disapproval resolution not 
                            reported by the Committee on Finance; or

[[Page 372]]

                                (iii) either House of Congress to 
                            consider an extension disapproval resolution 
                            after June 30, 2018. (Pub. L. 114-26, Title 
                            I, Sec. 103, June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 333.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       358  Sec. 4204. Notice, consultations, and reports
            (a) Notice, consultations, and reports before negotiation
                (1) Notice
                            The President, with respect to any agreement 
                        that is subject to the provisions of section 
                        4202(b) of this title, shall--

                                (A) provide, at least 90 calendar days 
                            before initiating negotiations with a 
                            country, written notice to Congress of the 
                            President's intention to enter into the 
                            negotiations with that country and set forth 
                            in the notice the date on which the 
                            President intends to initiate those 
                            negotiations, the specific United States 
                            objectives for the negotiations with that 
                            country, and whether the President intends 
                            to seek an agreement, or changes to an 
                            existing agreement;

                                (B) before and after submission of the 
                            notice, consult regarding the negotiations 
                            with the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
                            House of Representatives and the Committee 
                            on Finance of the Senate, such other 
                            committees of the House and Senate as the 
                            President deems appropriate, and the House 
                            Advisory Group on Negotiations and the 
                            Senate Advisory Group on Negotiations 
                            convened under section 4203(c) of this 
                            title;

                                (C) upon the request of a majority of 
                            the members of either the House Advisory 
                            Group on Negotiations or the Senate Advisory 
                            Group on Negotiations convened under section 
                            4203(c) of this title, meet with the 
                            requesting congressional advisory group 
                            before initiating the negotiations or at any 
                            other time concerning the negotiations; and

                                (D) after consulting with the Committee 
                            on Ways and Means and the Committee on 
                            Finance, and at least 30 calendar days 
                            before initiating negotiations with a 
                            country, publish on a publicly available 
                            Internet website of the Office of the United 
                            States Trade Representative, and regularly 
                            update thereafter, a detailed and 
                            comprehensive summary of the specific 
                            objectives with respect to the negotiations, 
                            and a description of how the agreement, if 
                            successfully concluded, will further those 
                            objectives and benefit the United States.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Consultation with Congress before entry into agreement
                (1) Consultation
                            Before entering into any trade agreement 
                        under section 4202(b) of this title, the 
                        President shall consult with--

                                (A) the Committee on Ways and Means of 
                            the House of Representatives and the 
                            Committee on Finance of the Senate;

                                (B) each other committee of the House 
                            and the Senate, and each joint committee of 
                            Congress, which has jurisdiction over 
                            legislation involving subject matters which 
                            would be affected by the trade agreement; 
                            and

[[Page 373]]

                                (C) the House Advisory Group on 
                            Negotiations and the Senate Advisory Group 
                            on Negotiations convened under section 
                            4203(c) of this title.

                (2) Scope
                            The consultation described in paragraph (1) 
                        shall include consultation with respect to--

                                (A) the nature of the agreement;

                                (B) how and to what extent the agreement 
                            will achieve the applicable purposes, 
                            policies, priorities, and objectives of this 
                            chapter; and

                                (C) the implementation of the agreement 
                            under section 4205 of this title, including 
                            the general effect of the agreement on 
                            existing laws.

                (3) Report regarding United States trade remedy laws

                                (A) Changes in certain trade laws

                            The President, not less than 180 calendar 
                        days before the day on which the President 
                        enters into a trade agreement under section 
                        4202(b) of this title, shall report to the 
                        Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                        Representatives and the Committee on Finance of 
                        the Senate--

                                        (i) the range of proposals 
                                    advanced in the negotiations with 
                                    respect to that agreement, that may 
                                    be in the final agreement, and that 
                                    could require amendments to title 
                                    VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 
                                    U.S.C. 1671 et seq.) or to chapter 1 
                                    of title II of the Trade Act of 1974 
                                    (19 U.S.C. 2251 et seq.); and

                                        (ii) how these proposals relate 
                                    to the objectives described in 
                                    section 4201(b)(17) of this title.

                                (B) Resolutions

                                        (i) At any time after the 
                                    transmission of the report under 
                                    subparagraph (A), if a resolution is 
                                    introduced with respect to that 
                                    report in either House of Congress, 
                                    the procedures set forth in clauses 
                                    (iii) through (vii) shall apply to 
                                    that resolution if--

                                          (I) no other resolution with 
                                    respect to that report has 
                                    previously been reported in that 
                                    House of Congress by the Committee 
                                    on Ways and Means or the Committee 
                                    on Finance, as the case may be, 
                                    pursuant to those procedures; and

                                          (II) no procedural disapproval 
                                    resolution under section 4205(b) of 
                                    this title introduced with respect 
                                    to a trade agreement entered into 
                                    pursuant to the negotiations to 
                                    which the report under subparagraph 
                                    (A) relates has previously been 
                                    reported in that House of Congress 
                                    by the Committee on Ways and Means 
                                    or the Committee on Finance, as the 
                                    case may be.

                                        (ii) For purposes of this 
                                    subparagraph, the term 
                                    ``resolution'' means only a 
                                    resolution of either House of 
                                    Congress, the matter after the 
                                    resolving clause of which is as 
                                    follows: ``That the_____ finds that 
                                    the proposed changes to United 
                                    States trade remedy laws contained 
                                    in the report of the President 
                                    transmitted to Congress on_____ 
                                    under section 105(b)(3) of the 
                                    Bipartisan Congressional

[[Page 374]]

                                    Trade Priorities and Accountability 
                                    Act of 2015 with respect to_____, 
                                    are inconsistent with the 
                                    negotiating objectives described in 
                                    section 102(b)(17) of that Act.'', 
                                    with the first blank space being 
                                    filled with the name of the 
                                    resolving House of Congress, the 
                                    second blank space being filled with 
                                    the appropriate date of the report, 
                                    and the third blank space being 
                                    filled with the name of the country 
                                    or countries involved.

                                        (iii) Resolutions in the House 
                                    of Representatives--

                                          (I) may be introduced by any 
                                    Member of the House;

                                          (II) shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Ways and Means and, in 
                                    addition, to the Committee on Rules; 
                                    and

                                          (III) may not be amended by 
                                    either Committee.

                                        (iv) Resolutions in the Senate--

                                          (I) may be introduced by any 
                                    Member of the Senate;

                                          (II) shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Finance; and

                                          (III) may not be amended.

                                        (v) It is not in order for the 
                                    House of Representatives to consider 
                                    any resolution that is not reported 
                                    by the Committee on Ways and Means 
                                    and, in addition, by the Committee 
                                    on Rules.

                                        (vi) It is not in order for the 
                                    Senate to consider any resolution 
                                    that is not reported by the 
                                    Committee on Finance.

                                        (vii) The provisions of 
                                    subsections (d) and (e) of section 
                                    152 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 
                                    U.S.C. 2192) (relating to floor 
                                    consideration of certain resolutions 
                                    in the House and Senate) shall apply 
                                    to resolutions. (Pub. L. 114-26, 
                                    Title I, Sec. 105, June 29, 2015, 
                                    129 Stat. 342; Pub. L. 114-125, 
                                    Title IX, Sec. 914(f)(1), Feb. 24, 
                                    2016, 130 Stat. 275.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       359  Sec. 4205. Implementation of trade agreements
            (a) In general
                (1) Notification and submission
                            Any agreement entered into under section 
                        4202(b) of this title shall enter into force 
                        with respect to the United States if (and only 
                        if)--

                                (A) the President, at least 90 calendar 
                            days before the day on which the President 
                            enters into the trade agreement, notifies 
                            the House of Representatives and the Senate 
                            of the President's intention to enter into 
                            the agreement, and promptly thereafter 
                            publishes notice of such intention in the 
                            Federal Register;

                                (B) the President, at least 60 days 
                            before the day on which the President enters 
                            into the agreement, publishes the text of 
                            the agreement on a publicly available 
                            Internet website of the Office of the United 
                            States Trade Representative;

                                (C) within 60 days after entering into 
                            the agreement, the President submits to 
                            Congress a description of those changes to 
                            existing laws that the President considers 
                            would be required in order to bring the 
                            United States into compliance with the 
                            agreement;

[[Page 375]]

                                (D) the President, at least 30 days 
                            before submitting to Congress the materials 
                            under subparagraph (E), submits to 
                            Congress--

                                        (i) a draft statement of any 
                                    administrative action proposed to 
                                    implement the agreement; and

                                        (ii) a copy of the final legal 
                                    text of the agreement;

                                (E) after entering into the agreement, 
                            the President submits to Congress, on a day 
                            on which both Houses of Congress are in 
                            session, a copy of the final legal text of 
                            the agreement, together with--

                                        (i) a draft of an implementing 
                                    bill described in section 4202(b)(3) 
                                    of this title;

                                        (ii) a statement of any 
                                    administrative action proposed to 
                                    implement the trade agreement; and

                                        (iii) the supporting information 
                                    described in paragraph (2)(A);

                                (F) the implementing bill is enacted 
                            into law; and

                                (G) the President, not later than 30 
                            days before the date on which the agreement 
                            enters into force with respect to a party to 
                            the agreement, submits written notice to 
                            Congress that the President has determined 
                            that the party has taken measures necessary 
                            to comply with those provisions of the 
                            agreement that are to take effect on the 
                            date on which the agreement enters into 
                            force.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (4) Disclosure of commitments
                            Any agreement or other understanding with a 
                        foreign government or governments (whether oral 
                        or in writing) that--

                                (A) relates to a trade agreement with 
                            respect to which Congress enacts an 
                            implementing bill under trade authorities 
                            procedures; and

                                (B) is not disclosed to Congress before 
                            an implementing bill with respect to that 
                            agreement is introduced in either House of 
                            Congress, shall not be considered to be part 
                            of the agreement approved by Congress and 
                            shall have no force and effect under United 
                            States law or in any dispute settlement 
                            body.

            (b) Limitations on trade authorities procedures
                (1) For lack of notice or consultations

                                (A) In general

                            The trade authorities procedures shall not 
                        apply to any implementing bill submitted with 
                        respect to a trade agreement or trade agreements 
                        entered into under section 4202(b) of this title 
                        if during the 60-day period beginning on the 
                        date that one House of Congress agrees to a 
                        procedural disapproval resolution for lack of 
                        notice or consultations with respect to such 
                        trade agreement or agreements, the other House 
                        separately agrees to a procedural disapproval 
                        resolution with respect to such trade agreement 
                        or agreements.

                                (B) Procedural disapproval resolution

                                        (i) For purposes of this 
                                    paragraph, the term ``procedural 
                                    disapproval resolution'' means a 
                                    resolution of either House of 
                                    Congress, the sole matter after the 
                                    resolving clause of which is as 
                                    follows: ``That the President has 
                                    failed or re

[[Page 376]]

                                    fused to notify or consult in 
                                    accordance with the Bipartisan 
                                    Congressional Trade Priorities and 
                                    Accountability Act of 2015 on 
                                    negotiations with respect to_____ 
                                    and, therefore, the trade 
                                    authorities procedures under that 
                                    Act shall not apply to any 
                                    implementing bill submitted with 
                                    respect to such trade agreement or 
                                    agreements.'', with the blank space 
                                    being filled with a description of 
                                    the trade agreement or agreements 
                                    with respect to which the President 
                                    is considered to have failed or 
                                    refused to notify or consult.

                                        (ii) For purposes of clause (i) 
                                    and paragraphs (3)(C) and (4)(C), 
                                    the President has ``failed or 
                                    refused to notify or consult in 
                                    accordance with the Bipartisan 
                                    Congressional Trade Priorities and 
                                    Accountability Act of 2015'' on 
                                    negotiations with respect to a trade 
                                    agreement or trade agreements if--

                                          (I) the President has failed 
                                    or refused to consult (as the case 
                                    may be) in accordance with sections 
                                    4203 and 4204 of this title and this 
                                    section with respect to the 
                                    negotiations, agreement, or 
                                    agreements;

                                          (II) guidelines under section 
                                    4203 of this title have not been 
                                    developed or met with respect to the 
                                    negotiations, agreement, or 
                                    agreements;

                                          (III) the President has not 
                                    met with the House Advisory Group on 
                                    Negotiations or the Senate Advisory 
                                    Group on Negotiations pursuant to a 
                                    request made under section 
                                    4203(c)(4) of this title with 
                                    respect to the negotiations, 
                                    agreement, or agreements; or

                                          (IV) the agreement or 
                                    agreements fail to make progress in 
                                    achieving the purposes, policies, 
                                    priorities, and objectives of this 
                                    chapter.

                (2) Procedures for considering resolutions

                                (A) Procedural disapproval resolutions--

                                        (i) in the House of 
                                    Representatives--

                                          (I) may be introduced by any 
                                    Member of the House;

                                          (II) shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Ways and Means and, in 
                                    addition, to the Committee on Rules; 
                                    and

                                          (III) may not be amended by 
                                    either Committee; and

                                        (ii) in the Senate--

                                          (I) may be introduced by any 
                                    Member of the Senate;

                                          (II) shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Finance; and

                                          (III) may not be amended.

                                (B) The provisions of subsections (d) 
                            and (e) of section 2192 of this title 
                            (relating to the floor consideration of 
                            certain resolutions in the House and Senate) 
                            apply to a procedural disapproval resolution 
                            introduced with respect to a trade agreement 
                            if no other procedural disapproval 
                            resolution with respect to that trade 
                            agreement has previously been reported in 
                            that House of Congress by the Committee on 
                            Ways and Means or the Committee on Finance, 
                            as the case may be, and if no resolution 
                            described in clause (ii) of section 
                            4204(b)(3)(B) of this title with respect to 
                            that trade agreement has been reported in 
                            that House of Congress by the Committee on 
                            Ways and Means or the Committee on Finance, 
                            as the case may be, pursuant to the 
                            procedures set forth in clauses (iii) 
                            through (vii) of such section.

[[Page 377]]

                                (C) It is not in order for the House of 
                            Representatives to consider any procedural 
                            disapproval resolution not reported by the 
                            Committee on Ways and Means and, in 
                            addition, by the Committee on Rules.

                                (D) It is not in order for the Senate to 
                            consider any procedural disapproval 
                            resolution not reported by the Committee on 
                            Finance.

                (3) Consideration in Senate of consultation and 
            compliance resolution to remove trade authorities procedures

                                (A) Reporting of resolution

                            If, when the Committee on Finance of the 
                        Senate meets on whether to report an 
                        implementing bill with respect to a trade 
                        agreement or agreements entered into under 
                        section 4202(b) of this title, the committee 
                        fails to favorably report the bill, the 
                        committee shall report a resolution described in 
                        subparagraph (C).

                                (B) Applicability of trade authorities 
                            procedures

                            The trade authorities procedures shall not 
                        apply in the Senate to any implementing bill 
                        submitted with respect to a trade agreement or 
                        agreements described in subparagraph (A) if the 
                        Committee on Finance reports a resolution 
                        described in subparagraph (C) and such 
                        resolution is agreed to by the Senate.

                                (C) Resolution described

                            A resolution described in this subparagraph 
                        is a resolution of the Senate originating from 
                        the Committee on Finance the sole matter after 
                        the resolving clause of which is as follows: 
                        ``That the President has failed or refused to 
                        notify or consult in accordance with the 
                        Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and 
                        Accountability Act of 2015 on negotiations with 
                        respect to_____ and, therefore, the trade 
                        authorities procedures under that Act shall not 
                        apply in the Senate to any implementing bill 
                        submitted with respect to such trade agreement 
                        or agreements.'', with the blank space being 
                        filled with a description of the trade agreement 
                        or agreements described in subparagraph (A).

                                (D) Procedures

                            If the Senate does not agree to a motion to 
                        invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to a 
                        resolution described in subparagraph (C), the 
                        resolution shall be committed to the Committee 
                        on Finance.
                (4) Consideration in the House of Representatives of a 
            consultation and compliance resolution

                                (A) Qualifications for reporting 
                            resolution

                            If--

                                        (i) the Committee on Ways and 
                                    Means of the House of 
                                    Representatives reports an 
                                    implementing bill with respect to a 
                                    trade agreement or agreements 
                                    entered into under section 4202(b) 
                                    of this title with other than a 
                                    favorable recommendation; and

                                        (ii) a Member of the House of 
                                    Representatives has introduced a 
                                    consultation and compliance 
                                    resolution on the legislative day 
                                    following the filing of a report to 
                                    accompany the implementing bill with 
                                    other than a favorable 
                                    recommendation, then the Committee 
                                    on Ways and Means shall consider a 
                                    consultation and compliance 
                                    resolution pursuant to subparagraph 
                                    (B).

[[Page 378]]

                                (B) Committee consideration of a 
                            qualifying resolution

                                        (i) Not later than the fourth 
                                    legislative day after the date of 
                                    introduction of the resolution, the 
                                    Committee on Ways and Means shall 
                                    meet to consider a resolution 
                                    meeting the qualifications set forth 
                                    in subparagraph (A).

                                        (ii) After consideration of one 
                                    such resolution by the Committee on 
                                    Ways and Means, this subparagraph 
                                    shall not apply to any other such 
                                    resolution.

                                        (iii) If the Committee on Ways 
                                    and Means has not reported the 
                                    resolution by the sixth legislative 
                                    day after the date of its 
                                    introduction, that committee shall 
                                    be discharged from further 
                                    consideration of the resolution.

                                (C) Consultation and compliance 
                            resolution described

                            A consultation and compliance resolution--

                                        (i) is a resolution of the House 
                                    of Representatives, the sole matter 
                                    after the resolving clause of which 
                                    is as follows: ``That the President 
                                    has failed or refused to notify or 
                                    consult in accordance with the 
                                    Bipartisan Congressional Trade 
                                    Priorities and Accountability Act of 
                                    2015 on negotiations with respect 
                                    to_____ and, therefore, the trade 
                                    authorities procedures under that 
                                    Act shall not apply in the House of 
                                    Representatives to any implementing 
                                    bill submitted with respect to such 
                                    trade agreement or agreements.'', 
                                    with the blank space being filled 
                                    with a description of the trade 
                                    agreement or agreements described in 
                                    subparagraph (A); and

                                        (ii) shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Ways and Means.

                                (D) Applicability of trade authorities 
                            procedures

                            The trade authorities procedures shall not 
                        apply in the House of Representatives to any 
                        implementing bill submitted with respect to a 
                        trade agreement or agreements which are the 
                        object of a consultation and compliance 
                        resolution if such resolution is adopted by the 
                        House.
                (5) For failure to meet other requirements
                            Not later than December 15, 2015, the 
                        Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the 
                        Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 
                        Treasury, the Attorney General, and the United 
                        States Trade Representative, shall transmit to 
                        Congress a report setting forth the strategy of 
                        the executive branch to address concerns of 
                        Congress regarding whether dispute settlement 
                        panels and the Appellate Body of the World Trade 
                        Organization have added to obligations, or 
                        diminished rights, of the United States, as 
                        described in section 4201(b)(16)(C) of this 
                        title. Trade authorities procedures shall not 
                        apply to any implementing bill with respect to 
                        an agreement negotiated under the auspices of 
                        the World Trade Organization unless the 
                        Secretary of Commerce has issued such report by 
                        the deadline specified in this paragraph.

[[Page 379]]

                (6) Limitations on procedures with respect to agreements 
            with countries not in compliance with Trafficking Victims 
            Protection Act of 2000

                                (A) In general

                            The trade authorities procedures shall not 
                        apply to any implementing bill submitted with 
                        respect to a trade agreement or trade agreements 
                        entered into under section 4202(b) of this title 
                        with a country listed as a tier 3 country in the 
                        most recent annual report on trafficking in 
                        persons.

                                (B) Exception

                                        (i) Invoking exception

                            If the President submits to the appropriate 
                        congressional committees a letter stating that a 
                        country to which subparagraph (A) applies has 
                        taken concrete actions to implement the 
                        principal recommendations with respect to that 
                        country in the most recent annual report on 
                        trafficking in persons, the prohibition under 
                        subparagraph (A) shall not apply with respect to 
                        a trade agreement or trade agreements with that 
                        country.

                                        (ii) Content of letter; public 
                                    availability

                            A letter submitted under clause (i) with 
                        respect to a country shall--

                                          (I) include a description of 
                                    the concrete actions that the 
                                    country has taken to implement the 
                                    principal recommendations described 
                                    in clause (i);

                                          (II) be accompanied by 
                                    supporting documentation providing 
                                    credible evidence of each such 
                                    concrete action, including copies of 
                                    relevant laws or regulations adopted 
                                    or modified, and any enforcement 
                                    actions taken, by that country, 
                                    where appropriate; and

                                          (III) be made available to the 
                                    public.

                                (C) Special rule for changes in certain 
                            determinations

                            If a country is listed as a tier 3 country 
                        in an annual report on trafficking in persons 
                        submitted in calendar year 2014 or any calendar 
                        year thereafter and, in the annual report on 
                        trafficking in persons submitted in the next 
                        calendar year, is listed on the tier 2 watch 
                        list, the President shall submit a detailed 
                        description of the credible evidence supporting 
                        the change in listing of the country, 
                        accompanied by copies of documents providing 
                        such evidence, where appropriate, to the 
                        appropriate congressional committees--

                                        (i) in the case of a change in 
                                    listing reflected in the annual 
                                    report on trafficking in persons 
                                    submitted in calendar year 2015, not 
                                    later than 90 days after February 
                                    24, 2016; and

                                        (ii) in the case of a change in 
                                    listing reflected in an annual 
                                    report on trafficking in persons 
                                    submitted in calendar year 2016 or 
                                    any calendar year thereafter, not 
                                    later than 90 days after the 
                                    submission of that report.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                            Subsection (b) of this section, section 
                        4202(c) of this title, and section 4204(b)(3) of 
                        this title are enacted by Congress--

[[Page 380]]

                                (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the House of Representatives and 
                            the Senate, respectively, and as such are 
                            deemed a part of the rules of each House, 
                            respectively, and such procedures supersede 
                            other rules only to the extent that they are 
                            inconsistent with such other rules; and

                                (2) with the full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedures of that House) at any time, in 
                            the same manner, and to the same extent as 
                            any other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 114-
                            26, Title I, Sec. 106, June 29, 2015, 129 
                            Stat. 350; Pub. L. 114-125, Title IX, 
                            Sec. 914(e), (f)(2), Feb. 24, 2016, 130 
                            Stat. 274, 276.)
                    22 u.s.c.--foreign relations and intercourse

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 381]]
 
                     TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

            
                  Chapter 7--INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS, CONGRESS, ETC.

       360  Sec. 287e-2. Reimbursement for goods and services provided 
                by the United States to the United Nations
            (a) Requirement to obtain reimbursement
                (1) In general
                            Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
                        President shall seek and obtain in a timely 
                        fashion a commitment from the United Nations to 
                        provide reimbursement to the United States from 
                        the United Nations whenever the United States 
                        Government furnishes assistance pursuant to the 
                        provisions of law described in subsection (c)--

                                (A) to the United Nations when the 
                            assistance is designed to facilitate or 
                            assist in carrying out an assessed 
                            peacekeeping operation;

                                (B) for any United Nations peacekeeping 
                            operation that is authorized by the United 
                            Nations Security Council under Chapter VI or 
                            Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter 
                            and paid for by peacekeeping or regular 
                            budget assessment of the United Nations 
                            members; or

                                (C) to any country participating in any 
                            operation authorized by the United Nations 
                            Security Council under Chapter VI or Chapter 
                            VII of the United Nations Charter and paid 
                            for by peacekeeping assessments of United 
                            Nations members when the assistance is 
                            designed to facilitate or assist the 
                            participation of that country in the 
                            operation.

                (2) Exceptions
                            (A) In general

                                The requirement in paragraph (1) shall 
                            not apply to--

                                        (i) goods and services provided 
                                    to the United States Armed Forces;

                                        (ii) assistance having a value 
                                    of less than $3,000,000 per fiscal 
                                    year per operation;

                                        (iii) assistance furnished 
                                    before November 29, 1999;

                                        (iv) salaries and expenses of 
                                    civilian police and other civilian 
                                    and military monitors where United 
                                    Nations policy is to require payment 
                                    by contributing members for similar 
                                    assistance to United Nations 
                                    peacekeeping operations; or

                                        (v) any assistance commitment 
                                    made before November 29, 1999.

                            (B) Deployments of United States military 
                        forces

                                The requirements of subsection (d)(1)(B) 
                            shall not apply to the deployment of United 
                            States military forces when the President 
                            determines that such deployment is important 
                            to the security interests of the United 
                            States. The cost of such deployment

[[Page 382]]

                            shall be included in the data provided under 
                            section 2348d of this title.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Covered assistance
                Subsection (a) applies to assistance provided under the 
            following provisions of law:

                            (1) Sections 287d and 287d-1 of this title.

                            (2) Sections 2261, 2318(a)(1), 2321j, 
                        2348a(c), and 2357 of this title.

                            (3) Any other provisions of law pursuant to 
                        which assistance is provided by the United 
                        States to carry out the mandate of an assessed 
                        United Nations peacekeeping operation.
            (d) Waiver

                (1) Authority

                            (A) In general

                                The President may authorize the 
                            furnishing of assistance covered by this 
                            section without regard to subsection (a) if 
                            the President determines, and so notifies in 
                            writing the Committee on Foreign Relations 
                            of the Senate and the Speaker of the House 
                            of Representatives, that to do so is 
                            important to the security interests of the 
                            United States.

                            (B) Congressional notification

                                When exercising the authorities of 
                            subparagraph (A), the President shall notify 
                            the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                            Senate and the Committee on International 
                            Relations of the House of Representatives in 
                            accordance with the procedures applicable to 
                            reprogramming notifications under section 
                            2394-1 of this title.

                (2) Congressional review

                            Notwithstanding a notice under paragraph (1) 
                        with respect to assistance covered by this 
                        section, subsection (a) shall apply to the 
                        furnishing of the assistance if, not later than 
                        15 calendar days after receipt of a notification 
                        under that paragraph, the Congress enacts a 
                        joint resolution disapproving the determination 
                        of the President contained in the notification.

                (3) Senate procedures

                            Any joint resolution described in paragraph 
                        (2) shall be considered in the Senate in 
                        accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) 
                        of the International Security Assistance and 
                        Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\9\  (Dec. 20, 
                        1945, ch. 583, Sec. 10, as added Pub. L. 106-
                        113, div. B, Sec. 1000(a)(7) [div. A, Title VII, 
                        Sec. 723], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-
                        463.)
                \9\ Relevant portions of Sec. 601(b) of Title VI, Pub. 
                L. 94-329, International Security Assistance and Arms 
                Export Control Act of 1976 (ISAAECA), are reproduced in 
                Sec. 431 of the Senate Manual.

                                    * * * * * * *

[[Page 383]]



            
                           Chapter 32--FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

       361  
            Sec. 2291 note. United States Senate Caucus on International 
                                 Narcotics Control

                (a) Establishment.--There is established the United 
            States Senate Caucus on International Narcotics Control 
            (hereafter in this section referred to as the 'Caucus').
                (b) Duties.--The Caucus is authorized and directed--
                            (1) to monitor and promote international 
                        compliance with narcotics control treaties, 
                        including eradication and other relevant issues; 
                        and
                            (2) to monitor and encourage United States 
                        Government and private programs seeking to 
                        expand international cooperation against drug 
                        abuse and narcotics trafficking.
                (c) Membership.--(1) The Caucus shall be composed of 12 
            members as follows:

                                (A) 7 Members of the Senate appointed by 
                            the President of the Senate, 4 of whom 
                            (including the member designated as 
                            Chairman) shall be selected from the 
                            majority party of the Senate, after 
                            consultation with the majority leader, and 3 
                            of whom (including the member designated as 
                            Cochairman) shall be selected from the 
                            minority party of the Senate, after 
                            consultation with the minority leader.

                                (B) 5 members of the public to be 
                            appointed by the President after 
                            consultation with the members of the 
                            appropriate congressional committees.

                            (2) There shall be a Chairman and a 
                        Cochairman of the Caucus.
                (d) Powers.--In carrying out this section, the Caucus 
            may require, by subpoena or otherwise, the attendance and 
            testimony of such witnesses and the production of such 
            books, records, correspondence, memorandums, papers, and 
            documents as it deems necessary. Subpoenas may be issued 
            over the signature of the Chairman of the Caucus or any 
            member designated by him, and may be served by any person 
            designated by the Chairman or such member. The Chairman of 
            the Caucus, or any member designated by him, may administer 
            oaths to any witness.
                (e) Report by President to Caucus.--In order to assist 
            the Caucus in carrying out its duties, the President shall 
            submit to the Caucus a copy of the report required by 
            section 481(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
            U.S.C. 2991(e)) [22 U.S.C. 2291(e)].
                (f) Report to Senate.--The Caucus is authorized and 
            directed to report to the Senate with respect to the matters 
            covered by this section on a periodic basis and to provide 
            information to Members of the Senate as requested. For each 
            fiscal year for which an appropriation is made the Caucus 
            shall submit to the Congress a report on its expenditures 
            under such appropriation.

                                    * * * * * * *

                            (2) For purposes of section 502(b) of the 
                        Mutual Security Act of 1954 (22 U.S.C. 1754(b)), 
                        the Caucus shall be deemed to be a standing 
                        committee of the Senate and shall be entitled to 
                        the use of funds in accordance with such 
                        section.
                (h) Staff.--The Caucus may appoint and fix the pay of 
            such staff personnel as it deems desirable, without regard 
            to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing 
            appointments in the competitive

[[Page 384]]

            service, and without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 
            and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to 
            classification and General Schedule pay rates.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (Pub. L. 99-93, Title VIII, Sec. 814, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 
            Stat. 455, as amended by Pub. L. 99-151, Title III, 
            Sec. 306, Nov. 13, 1985, 99 Stat. 808; Pub. L. 100-202, 
            Sec. 101(i) [Title I, Sec. 5], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 
            1329-290, 1329-294; Pub. L. 102-392, Title III, Sec. 323, 
            Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1726; Pub. L. 105-119, Title VI, 
            Sec. 625, Nov. 26, 1997, 111 Stat. 2522; Pub. L. 106-57, 
            Title I, Sec. 7, Sept. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 412; Pub. L. 107-
            228, div. A, Title VI, Sec. 684, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 
            1411.)
       362  Sec. 2291j. Annual certification procedures
            (a) Withholding of bilateral assistance and opposition to 
                multilateral development assistance
                (1) Bilateral assistance
                            Fifty percent of the United States 
                        assistance allocated each fiscal year in the 
                        report required by section 2413 of this title 
                        for each major illicit drug producing country, 
                        major drug-transit country, or country 
                        identified pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) of 
                        section 2291h(a)(8)(A) of this title shall be 
                        withheld from obligation and expenditure, except 
                        as provided in subsection (b). This paragraph 
                        shall not apply with respect to a country if the 
                        President determines that its application to 
                        that country would be contrary to the national 
                        interest of the United States, except that any 
                        such determination shall not take effect until 
                        at least 15 days after the President submits 
                        written notification of that determination to 
                        the appropriate congressional committees in 
                        accordance with the procedures applicable to 
                        reprogramming notifications under section 2394-1 
                        of this title.
                (2) Multilateral assistance
                            The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct 
                        the United States Executive Director of each 
                        multilateral development bank to vote, on and 
                        after March 1 of each year, against any loan or 
                        other utilization of the funds of their 
                        respective institution to or for any major 
                        illicit drug producing country or major drug-
                        transit country (as determined under subsection 
                        (h)) or country identified pursuant to clause 
                        (i) or (ii) of section 2291h(a)(8)(A) of this 
                        title, except as provided in subsection (b). For 
                        purposes of this paragraph, the term 
                        ``multilateral development bank'' means the 
                        International Bank for Reconstruction and 
                        Development, the International Development 
                        Association, the Inter-American Development 
                        Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the African 
                        Development Bank, and the European Bank for 
                        Reconstruction and Development.
            (b) Certification procedures
                (1) What must be certified
                            Subject to subsection (d), the assistance 
                        withheld from a country pursuant to subsection 
                        (a)(1) may be obligated and expended, and the 
                        requirement of subsection (a)(2) to vote against 
                        multilateral development bank assistance to a 
                        country shall not apply, if the President 
                        determines and certifies to the Congress, at the 
                        time of the submission of the report required by 
                        section 2291h(a) of this title, that--

[[Page 385]]

                                (A) during the previous year the country 
                            has cooperated fully with the United States, 
                            or has taken adequate steps on its own, to 
                            achieve full compliance with the goals and 
                            objectives established by the United Nations 
                            Convention Against Illicit Traffic in 
                            Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances; 
                            or

                                (B) for a country that would not 
                            otherwise qualify for certification under 
                            subparagraph (A), the vital national 
                            interests of the United States require that 
                            the assistance withheld pursuant to 
                            subsection (a)(1) be provided and that the 
                            United States not vote against multilateral 
                            development bank assistance for that country 
                            pursuant to subsection (a)(2).

                (2) Considerations regarding cooperation
                            In making the determination described in 
                        paragraph (1)(A), the President shall consider 
                        the extent to which the country has--

                                (A) met the goals and objectives of the 
                            United Nations Convention Against Illicit 
                            Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic 
                            Substances, including action on such issues 
                            as illicit cultivation, production, 
                            distribution, sale, transport and financing, 
                            and money laundering, asset seizure, 
                            extradition, mutual legal assistance, law 
                            enforcement and transit cooperation, 
                            precursor chemical control, and demand 
                            reduction;

                                (B) accomplished the goals described in 
                            an applicable bilateral narcotics agreement 
                            with the United States or a multilateral 
                            agreement; and

                                (C) taken legal and law enforcement 
                            measures to prevent and punish public 
                            corruption, especially by senior government 
                            officials, that facilitates the production, 
                            processing, or shipment of narcotic and 
                            psychotropic drugs and other controlled 
                            substances, or that discourages the 
                            investigation or prosecution of such acts.

                (3) Information to be included in national interest 
            certification
                            If the President makes a certification with 
                        respect to a country pursuant to paragraph 
                        (1)(B), the President shall include in such 
                        certification--

                                (A) a full and complete description of 
                            the vital national interests placed at risk 
                            if United States bilateral assistance to 
                            that country is terminated pursuant to this 
                            section and multilateral development bank 
                            assistance is not provided to such country; 
                            and

                                (B) a statement weighing the risk 
                            described in subparagraph (A) against the 
                            risks posed to the vital national interests 
                            of the United States by the failure of such 
                            country to cooperate fully with the United 
                            States in combating narcotics or to take 
                            adequate steps to combat narcotics on its 
                            own.

            (c) Licit opium producing countries
                The President may make a certification under subsection 
            (b)(1)(A) with respect to a major illicit drug producing 
            country, or major drug-transit country, that is a producer 
            of licit opium only if the President determines that such 
            country maintains licit production and stockpiles at levels 
            no higher than those consistent with licit market demand, 
            and has taken adequate steps to prevent significant 
            diversion of its licit cultivation and production into the 
            illicit markets and to prevent illicit cultivation and 
            production.

[[Page 386]]

            (d) Congressional review
                Subsection (e) shall apply if, within 30 calendar days 
            after receipt of a certification submitted under subsection 
            (b) at the time of submission of the report required by 
            section 2291h(a) of this title, the Congress enacts a joint 
            resolution disapproving the determination of the President 
            contained in such certification.
            (e) Denial of assistance for countries decertified
                If the President does not make a certification under 
            subsection (b) with respect to a country or the Congress 
            enacts a joint resolution disapproving such certification, 
            then until such time as the conditions specified in 
            subsection (f) are satisfied--
                            (1) funds may not be obligated for United 
                        States assistance for that country, and funds 
                        previously obligated for United States 
                        assistance for that country may not be expended 
                        for the purpose of providing assistance for that 
                        country; and
                            (2) the requirement to vote against 
                        multilateral development bank assistance 
                        pursuant to subsection (a)(2) shall apply with 
                        respect to that country, without regard to the 
                        date specified in that subsection.
            (f) Recertification
                Subsection (e) shall apply to a country described in 
            that subsection until--
                            (1) the President, at the time of submission 
                        of the report required by section 2291h(a) of 
                        this title, makes a certification under 
                        subsection (b)(1)(A) or (b)(1)(B) with respect 
                        to that country, and the Congress does not enact 
                        a joint resolution under subsection (d) 
                        disapproving the determination of the President 
                        contained in that certification; or
                            (2) the President, at any other time, makes 
                        the certification described in subsection 
                        (b)(1)(B) with respect to that country, except 
                        that this paragraph applies only if either--

                                (A) the President also certifies that--

                                        (i) that country has undergone a 
                                    fundamental change in government, or

                                        (ii) there has been a 
                                    fundamental change in the conditions 
                                    that were the reason--

                                          (I) why the President had not 
                                    made a certification with respect to 
                                    that country under subsection 
                                    (b)(1)(A), or

                                          (II) if he had made such a 
                                    certification and the Congress 
                                    enacted a joint resolution 
                                    disapproving the determination 
                                    contained in the certification, why 
                                    the Congress enacted that joint 
                                    resolution; or

                                (B) the Congress enacts a joint 
                            resolution approving the determination 
                            contained in the certification under 
                            subsection (b)(1)(B).

                Any certification under subparagraph (A) of paragraph 
            (2) shall discuss the justification for the certification.

[[Page 387]]

            (g) Senate procedures
                Any joint resolution under this section shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976. \10\
                \10\ Id.
            (h) Determining major drug-transit and major illicit drug 
                producing countries
                Not later than November 1 of each year, the President 
            shall notify the appropriate committees of the Congress of 
            which countries have been determined to be major drug-
            transit countries, and which countries have been determined 
            to be major illicit drug producing countries, for purposes 
            of this chapter. (Pub. L. 87-195, Pt. I, Sec. 490, as added 
            Pub. L. 102-583, Sec. 5(a), Nov. 2, 1992, 106 Stat. 4924; 
            amended Pub. L. 103-447, Title I, Sec. 101(g)(1), Nov. 2, 
            1994, 108 Stat. 4692; Pub. L. 104-66, Title I, Sec. 1112(d), 
            Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 724; Pub. L. 109-177, Title VII, 
            Sec. 722(b), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 268.)
       363  Sec. 2304. Human rights and security assistance

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Congressional request for information; information 
                required; 30-day period; failure to supply information; 
                termination or restriction of assistance
                (1) Upon the request of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives by resolution of either such House, or upon 
            the request of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
            Senate or the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, the Secretary of State shall, within thirty 
            days after receipt of such request, transmit to both such 
            committees a statement, prepared with the assistance of the 
            Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, 
            and Labor, with respect to the country designated in such 
            request, setting forth--
                            (A) all the available information about 
                        observance of and respect for human rights and 
                        fundamental freedom in that country, and a 
                        detailed description of practices by the 
                        recipient government with respect thereto;
                            (B) the steps the United States has taken 
                        to--

                                (i) promote respect for and observance 
                            of human rights in that country and 
                            discourage any practices which are inimical 
                            to internationally recognized human rights, 
                            and

                                (ii) publicly or privately call 
                            attention to, and disassociate the United 
                            States and any security assistance provided 
                            for such country from, such practices;

                            (C) whether, in the opinion of the Secretary 
                        of State, notwithstanding any such practices--

                                (i) extraordinary circumstances exist 
                            which necessitate a continuation of security 
                            assistance for such country, and, if so, a 
                            description of such circumstances and the 
                            extent to which such assistance should be 
                            continued (subject to such conditions as 
                            Congress may impose under this section), and

                                (ii) on all the facts it is in the 
                            national interest of the United States to 
                            provide such assistance; and

[[Page 388]]

                            (D) such other information as such committee 
                        or such House may request.
                (2)(A) A resolution of request under paragraph (1) of 
            this subsection shall be considered in the Senate in 
            accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the 
            International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control 
            Act of 1976.\11\
                \11\ Id.
                (B) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 
            of such Act, means, for the purposes of this subsection, a 
            resolution of request of the Senate under paragraph (1) of 
            this subsection.
                (3) In the event a statement with respect to a country 
            is requested pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection 
            but is not transmitted in accordance therewith within thirty 
            days after receipt of such request, no security assistance 
            shall be delivered to such country except as may thereafter 
            be specifically authorized by law from such country unless 
            and until such statement is transmitted.
                (4)(A) In the event a statement with respect to a 
            country is transmitted under paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection, the Congress may at any time thereafter adopt a 
            joint resolution terminating, restricting, or continuing 
            security assistance for such country. In the event such a 
            joint resolution is adopted, such assistance shall be so 
            terminated, so restricted, or so continued, as the case may 
            be.
                (B) Any such resolution shall be considered in the 
            Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) 
            of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export 
            Control Act of 1976.\12\
                \12\ Id.
                (C) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 
            of such Act, means, for the purposes of this paragraph, a 
            statement transmitted under paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection. (Pub. L. 87-195, Pt. II, Sec. 502B, as added 
            Pub. L. 93-559, Sec. 46, Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1815; 
            amended Pub. L. 94-329, Title III, Sec. 301(a), June 30, 
            1976, 90 Stat. 748; Pub. L. 95-105, Title I, Sec. 109(a)(3), 
            Aug. 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 846; Pub. L. 95-384, Sec. Sec. 6(a)-
            (d)(1), (e), 10(b)(1), 12(b), Sept. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 731, 
            732, 735, 737; Pub. L. 96-53, Title V, Sec. 511, Aug. 14, 
            1979, 93 Stat. 380; Pub. L. 96-92, Sec. 4, Oct. 29, 1979, 93 
            Stat. 702; Pub. L. 96-533, Title VII, Sec. Sec. 701(b), 704, 
            Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3156, 3157; Pub. L. 98-151, 
            Sec. 101(b)(2), Nov. 14, 1983, 97 Stat. 972; Pub. L. 99-64, 
            Title I, Sec. 124, July 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 156; Pub. L. 99-
            83, Title XII, Sec. 1201, Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 276; Pub. 
            L. 100-204, Title I, Sec. 127(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 
            1343; Pub. L. 103-236, Title I, Sec. 162(e)(2), Apr. 30, 
            1994, 108 Stat. 405; Pub. L. 103-437, Sec. 9(a)(6), Nov. 2, 
            1994, 108 Stat. 4588 ; Pub. L. 104-319, Title II, 
            Sec. 201(b), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3866; Pub. L. 105-292, 
            Title I, Sec. 102(d)(2), Title IV, Sec. 421(b), Oct. 27, 
            1998, 112 Stat. 2795, 2810; Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, 
            Sec. 1000(a)(7) [div. A, Title II, Sec. 252, Title VIII, 
            Sec. 806(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-432, 
            1501A-471; Pub. L. 106-386, div. A, Sec. 104(b), Oct. 28, 
            2000, 114 Stat. 1472; Pub. L. 107-228, div. A, Title VI, 
            Sec. Sec. 665(b), 683(b), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1407, 
            1411; Pub. L. 108-332, Sec. 6(a)(2), Oct. 16, 2004, 118 
            Stat. 1285; Pub. L. 111-166, Sec. 2(2), May 17, 2010, 124 
            Stat. 1187; Pub. L. 113-4, Title XII, Sec. 1207(b)(2), Mar. 
            7, 2013, 127 Stat.

[[Page 389]]

            141; Pub. L. 113-276, Title II, Sec. Sec. 206, 208(b)(2), 
            Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2992, 2993.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       364  Sec. 2314. Furnishing of defense articles or related 
                training or other defense service on grant basis

                                    * * * * * * *

            (g) Discrimination on basis of race, religion, national 
                origin, or sex prohibited
                (1) It is the policy of the United States that no 
            assistance under this part should be furnished to any 
            foreign country, the laws, regulations, official policies, 
            or governmental practices of which prevent any United States 
            person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) from 
            participating in the furnishing of defense articles or 
            defense services under this part on the basis of race, 
            religion, national origin, or sex.
                (2)(A) No agency performing functions under this part 
            shall, in employing or assigning personnel to participate in 
            the performance of any such function, whether in the United 
            States or abroad, take into account the exclusionary 
            policies or practices of any foreign government where such 
            policies or practices are based upon race, religion, 
            national origin, or sex.
                (B) Each contract entered into by any such agency for 
            the performance of any function under this part shall 
            contain a provision to the effect that no person, 
            partnership, corporation, or other entity performing 
            functions pursuant to such contract, shall, in employing or 
            assigning personnel to participate in the performance of any 
            such function, whether in the United States or abroad, take 
            into account the exclusionary policies or practices of any 
            foreign government where such policies or practices are 
            based upon race, religion, national origin, or sex.
                (3) The President shall promptly transmit reports to the 
            Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of 
            the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate concerning 
            any transaction in which any United States person (as 
            defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) is prevented by 
            a foreign government on the basis of race, religion, 
            national origin, or sex, from participating in the 
            furnishing of assistance under this part, or education and 
            training under part V of this subchapter, to any foreign 
            country. Such reports shall include (A) a description of the 
            facts and circumstances of any such discrimination, (B) the 
            response thereto on the part of the United States or any 
            agency or employee thereof, and (C) the result of such 
            response, if any.
                (4)(A) Upon the request of the Committee on Foreign 
            Relations of the Senate or the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
            of the House of Representatives, the President shall, within 
            60 days after receipt of such request, transmit to both such 
            committees a statement, prepared with the assistance of the 
            Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, 
            and Labor, with respect to the country designated in such 
            request, setting forth--
                            (i) all the available information about the 
                        exclusionary policies or practices of the 
                        government of such country when such policies or 
                        practices are based upon race, religion, 
                        national origin, or sex and prevent any such 
                        person from participating in a transaction

[[Page 390]]

                        involving the furnishing of any assistance under 
                        this part or any education and training under 
                        part V of this subchapter;
                            (ii) the response of the United States 
                        thereto and the results of such response;
                            (iii) whether, in the opinion of the 
                        President, notwithstanding any such policies or 
                        practices--

                                (I) extraordinary circumstances exist 
                            which necessitate a continuation of such 
                            assistance or education and training 
                            transaction, and, if so, a description of 
                            such circumstances and the extent to which 
                            such assistance or education and training 
                            transaction should be continued (subject to 
                            such conditions as Congress may impose under 
                            this section), and

                                (II) on all the facts it is in the 
                            national interest of the United States to 
                            continue such assistance or education and 
                            training transaction; and

                            (iv) such other information as such 
                        committee may request.
                (B) In the event a statement with respect to an 
            assistance or training transaction is requested pursuant to 
            subparagraph (A) of this paragraph but is not transmitted in 
            accordance therewith within 60 days after receipt of such 
            request, such assistance or training transaction shall be 
            suspended unless and until such statement is transmitted.
                (C)(i) In the event a statement with respect to an 
            assistance or training transaction is transmitted under 
            subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Congress may at any 
            time thereafter adopt a joint resolution terminating or 
            restricting such assistance or training transaction.
                (ii) Any such resolution shall be considered in the 
            Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) 
            of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export 
            Control Act of 1976.\13\
                \13\ Id.
                (iii) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 
            of such Act, means, for the purposes of this paragraph, a 
            statement transmitted under subparagraph (A) of this 
            paragraph. (Pub. L. 87-195, Pt. II, Sec. 505, formerly 
            Sec. 506, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 436; Pub. L. 87-565, Pt. 
            II, Sec. 201(a), Aug. 1, 1962, 76 Stat. 259; Pub. L. 89-583, 
            Pt. II, Sec. 201(b), Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 803; 
            renumbered Sec. 505, Pub. L. 90-137, Pt. II, Sec. 201(e), 
            Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 456 and amended Pub. L. 92-226, Pt. 
            II, Sec. 201(b), (c), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 25; Pub. L. 93-
            189, Sec. 12(b)(3), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 721; Pub. L. 94-
            329, Title II, Sec. Sec. 203(b), 204(b)(2), Title III, 
            Sec. Sec. 302(a), 304(a), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 735 , 736, 
            751, 754; Pub. L. 95-105, Title I, Sec. 109(a)(4), Aug. 17, 
            1977, 91 Stat. 846; Pub. L. 99-83, Title I, Sec. 123(b), 
            Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 205; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 
            1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 101-513, Title III, Nov. 5, 
            1990, 104 Stat. 1998; Pub. L. 103-236, Title I, 
            Sec. 162(e)(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 405; Pub. L. 103-
            437, Sec. 9(a)(6), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588.)
            
                           Chapter 39--ARMS EXPORT CONTROL

       365  Sec. 2753. Eligibility for defense services or defense 
                articles
            (a) Prerequisites for consent by President; report to 
                Congress
                No defense article or defense service shall be sold or 
            leased by the United States Government under this chapter to 
            any country or inter

[[Page 391]]

            national organization, and no agreement shall be entered 
            into for a cooperative project (as defined in section 2767 
            of this title), unless--

                                    * * * * * * *

                (2) the country or international organization shall have 
            agreed not to transfer title to, or possession of, any 
            defense article or related training or other defense service 
            so furnished to it, or produced in a cooperative project (as 
            defined in section 2767 of this title), to anyone not an 
            officer, employee, or agent of that country or international 
            organization (or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or 
            the specified member countries (other than the United 
            States) in the case of a cooperative project) and not to use 
            or permit the use of such article or related training or 
            other defense service for purposes other than those for 
            which furnished unless the consent of the President has 
            first been obtained;

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Termination of credits, guaranties or sales; report of 
                violation by President; national security exception; 
                conditions for reinstatement
                (1)(A) No credits (including participations in credits) 
            may be issued and no guaranties may be extended for any 
            foreign country under this chapter as hereinafter provided, 
            if such country uses defense articles or defense services 
            furnished under this chapter, or any predecessor Act, in 
            substantial violation (either in terms of quantities or in 
            terms of the gravity of the consequences regardless of the 
            quantities involved) of any agreement entered into pursuant 
            to any such Act (i) by using such articles or services for a 
            purpose not authorized under section 2754 of this title or, 
            if such agreement provides that such articles or services 
            may only be used for purposes more limited than those 
            authorized under section 2754 of this title for a purpose 
            not authorized under such agreement; (ii) by transferring 
            such articles or services to, or permitting any use of such 
            articles or services by, anyone not an officer, employee, or 
            agent of the recipient country without the consent of the 
            President; or (iii) by failing to maintain the security of 
            such articles or services.
                (B) No cash sales or deliveries pursuant to previous 
            sales may be made with respect to any foreign country under 
            this chapter as hereinafter provided, if such country uses 
            defense articles or defense services furnished under this 
            chapter, or any predecessor Act, in substantial violation 
            (either in terms of quantity or in terms of the gravity of 
            the consequences regardless of the quantities involved) of 
            any agreement entered into pursuant to any such Act by using 
            such articles or services for a purpose not authorized under 
            section 2754 of this title or, if such agreement provides 
            that such articles or services may only be used for purposes 
            more limited than those authorized under section 2754 of 
            this title, for a purpose not authorized under such 
            agreement.
                (2) The President shall report to the Congress promptly 
            upon the receipt of information that a violation described 
            in paragraph (1) of this subsection may have occurred.
                (3)(A) A country shall be deemed to be ineligible under 
            subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of this subsection, or 
            both subparagraphs (A) and (B) of such paragraph in the case 
            of a violation described in both such paragraphs, if the 
            President so determines and so reports in writing to the 
            Congress, or if the Congress so determines by joint 
            resolution.

[[Page 392]]

                (B) Notwithstanding a determination by the President of 
            ineligibility under subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of 
            this subsection, cash sales and deliveries pursuant to 
            previous sales may be made if the President certifies in 
            writing to the Congress that a termination thereof would 
            have significant adverse impact on United States security, 
            unless the Congress adopts or has adopted a joint resolution 
            pursuant to subparagraph (A) of this paragraph with respect 
            to such ineligibility.
                (4) A country shall remain ineligible in accordance with 
            paragraph (1) of this subsection until such time as--
                            (A) the President determines that the 
                        violation has ceased; and
                            (B) the country concerned has given 
                        assurances satisfactory to the President that 
                        such violation will not recur.
            (d) Submission of written certification to Congress; 
                contents; classified material; effective date of 
                consent; report to Congress; transfers not subject to 
                procedures
                (1) Subject to paragraph (5), the President may not give 
            his consent under paragraph (2) of subsection (a) or under 
            the third sentence of such subsection, or under section 
            2314(a)(1) or 2314(a)(4) of this title, to a transfer of any 
            major defense equipment valued (in terms of its original 
            acquisition cost) at $14,000,000 or more, or any defense 
            article or related training or other defense service valued 
            (in terms of its original acquisition cost) at $50,000,000 
            or more, unless the President submits to the Speaker of the 
            House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
            of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate a written certification with 
            respect to such proposed transfer containing--
                            (A) the name of the country or international 
                        organization proposing to make such transfer,
                            (B) a description of the article or service 
                        proposed to be transferred, including its 
                        acquisition cost,
                            (C) the name of the proposed recipient of 
                        such article or service,
                            (D) the reasons for such proposed transfer, 
                        and
                            (E) the date on which such transfer is 
                        proposed to be made.

            Any certification submitted to Congress pursuant to this 
            paragraph shall be unclassified, except that information 
            regarding the dollar value and number of articles or 
            services proposed to be transferred may be classified if 
            public disclosure thereof would be clearly detrimental to 
            the security of the United States.

                (2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), unless 
            the President states in the certification submitted pursuant 
            to paragraph (1) of this subsection that an emergency exists 
            which requires that consent to the proposed transfer become 
            effective immediately in the national security interests of 
            the United States, such consent shall not become effective 
            until 30 calendar days after the date of such submission and 
            such consent shall become effective then only if the 
            Congress does not enact, within such 30-day period, a joint 
            resolution prohibiting the proposed transfer.
                (B) In the case of a proposed transfer to the North 
            Atlantic Treaty Organization, or any member country of such 
            Organization, Japan, Australia, the Republic of Korea, 
            Israel, or New Zealand, unless the President states in the 
            certification submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection that an emergency exists which requires that 
            consent to the proposed transfer become effective 
            immediately in the national

[[Page 393]]

            security interests of the United States, such consent shall 
            not become effective until fifteen calendar days after the 
            date of such submission and such consent shall become 
            effective then only if the Congress does not enact, within 
            such fifteen-day period, a joint resolution prohibiting the 
            proposed transfer.
                (C) If the President states in his certification under 
            subparagraph (A) or (B) that an emergency exists which 
            requires that consent to the proposed transfer become 
            effective immediately in the national security interests of 
            the United States, thus waiving the requirements of that 
            subparagraph, the President shall set forth in the 
            certification a detailed justification for his 
            determination, including a description of the emergency 
            circumstances which necessitate immediate consent to the 
            transfer and a discussion of the national security interests 
            involved.
                (D)(i) Any joint resolution under this paragraph shall 
            be considered in the Senate in accordance with the 
            provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security 
            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\14\
                \14\ Id.
                (ii) For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under this paragraph, a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of any such joint 
            resolution after it has been reported by the appropriate 
            committee shall be treated as highly privileged in the House 
            of Representatives.
                (3)(A) Subject to paragraph (5), the President may not 
            give his consent to the transfer of any major defense 
            equipment valued (in terms of its original acquisition cost) 
            at $14,000,000 or more, or of any defense article or defense 
            service valued (in terms of its original acquisition cost) 
            at $50,000,000 or more, the export of which has been 
            licensed or approved under section 2778 of this title or has 
            been exempted from the licensing requirements of this 
            chapter pursuant to a treaty referred to in section 
            2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title where such treaty does not 
            authorize the transfer without prior United States 
            Government approval, unless before giving such consent the 
            President submits to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
            House of Representatives, and the Chairman of the Committee 
            on Foreign Relations of the Senate a certification 
            containing the information specified in subparagraphs (A) 
            through (E) of paragraph (1). Such certification shall be 
            submitted--
                            (i) at least 15 calendar days before such 
                        consent is given in the case of a transfer to a 
                        country which is a member of the North Atlantic 
                        Treaty Organization or Australia, Japan, the 
                        Republic of Korea, Israel, or New Zealand; and
                            (ii) at least 30 calendar days before such 
                        consent is given in the case of a transfer to 
                        any other country,

            unless the President states in his certification that an 
            emergency exists which requires that consent to the proposed 
            transfer become effective immediately in the national 
            security interests of the United States. If the President 
            states in his certification that such an emergency exists 
            (thus waiving the requirements of clause (i) or (ii), as the 
            case may be, and of subparagraph (B)) the President shall 
            set forth in the certification a detailed justification for 
            his determination, including a description of the emergency 
            circumstances which necessitate that consent to

[[Page 394]]

            the proposed transfer become effective immediately and a 
            discussion of the national security interests involved.

                (B) Consent to a transfer subject to subparagraph (A) 
            shall become effective after the end of the 15-day or 30-day 
            period specified in subparagraph (A)(i) or (ii), as the case 
            may be, only if the Congress does not enact, within that 
            period, a joint resolution prohibiting the proposed 
            transfer.
                (C)(i) Any joint resolution under this paragraph shall 
            be considered in the Senate in accordance with the 
            provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security 
            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\15\
                \15\ Id.
                (ii) For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under this paragraph, a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of any such joint 
            resolution after it has been reported by the appropriate 
            committee shall be treated as highly privileged in the House 
            of Representatives.
                (4) This subsection shall not apply--
                            (A) to transfers of maintenance, repair, or 
                        overhaul defense services, or of the repair 
                        parts or other defense articles used in 
                        furnishing such services, if the transfer will 
                        not result in any increase, relative to the 
                        original specifications, in the military 
                        capability of the defense articles and services 
                        to be maintained, repaired, or overhauled;
                            (B) to temporary transfers of defense 
                        articles for the sole purpose of receiving 
                        maintenance, repair, or overhaul; or
                            (C) to arrangements among members of the 
                        North Atlantic Treaty Organization or between 
                        the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and any 
                        of its member countries--

                                (i) for cooperative cross servicing, or

                                (ii) for lead-nation procurement if the 
                            certification transmitted to the Congress 
                            pursuant to section 2776(b) of this title 
                            with regard to such lead-nation procurement 
                            identified the transferees on whose behalf 
                            the lead-nation procurement was proposed. 
                            (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 1, Sec. 3, Oct. 22, 
                            1968, 82 Stat. 1322; Pub. L. 91-672, Sec. 1, 
                            Jan. 12, 1971, 84 Stat. 2053; Pub. L. 93-
                            189, Sec. 25(2), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 
                            729; Pub. L. 93-559, Sec. 45(a)(1), Dec. 30, 
                            1974, 88 Stat. 1813; Pub. L. 94-329, Title 
                            II, Sec. Sec. 203(a), 204(a), (b)(1), Title 
                            III, Sec. 304(b), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 
                            735, 736, 754, 755; Pub. L. 95-92, 
                            Sec. Sec. 15-18, Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 622; 
                            Pub. L. 96-92, Sec. 11, Oct. 29, 1979, 93 
                            Stat. 705; Pub. L. 96-533, Title I, 
                            Sec. 101, Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3131; Pub. 
                            L. 97-113, Title I, Sec. Sec. 101(a), 
                            102(a), 109(b)(2), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 
                            1519, 1520, 1526; Pub. L. 99-83, Title I, 
                            Sec. 115(b)(2), Title V, Sec. 503(b), Aug. 
                            8, 1985, 99 Stat. 201, 221; Pub. L. 99-145, 
                            Title XI, Sec. 1102(a)(3), (5), Nov. 8, 
                            1985, 99 Stat. 710; Pub. L. 99-247, 
                            Sec. 1(a), Feb. 12, 1986, 100 Stat. 9; Pub. 
                            L. 99-661, div. A, Title XIII, Sec. 1342(e), 
                            Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3991; Pub. L. 100-
                            461, Title V, Sec. 577, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 
                            Stat. 2268-45; Pub. L. 101-222, Sec. 2(b), 
                            Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1896; Pub. L. 103-
                            236, Title VIII, Sec. 822(a)(1), Apr. 30, 
                            1994, 108 Stat. 511; Pub. L. 104-164, Title 
                            I, Sec. Sec. 141(a), (b), 142, July 21, 
                            1996, 110 Stat. 1430, 1431, 1433; Pub. L. 
                            106-

[[Page 395]]

                            113, div. B, Sec. 1000(a)(7) [div. B, Title 
                            XII, Sec. 1225], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 
                            1536 , 1501A-499; Pub. L. 107-228, div. B, 
                            Title XIV, Sec. 1405(a)(1), Sept. 30, 2002, 
                            116 Stat. 1456; Pub. L. 110-429, Title II, 
                            Sec. 203(b)(1), (2), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 
                            Stat. 4845 ; Pub. L. 111-266, Title I, 
                            Sec. Sec. 102(a), 104(a), Title III, 
                            Sec. 301, Oct. 8, 2010, 124 Stat. 2797, 
                            2799, 2804; Pub. L. 113-276, Title II, 
                            Sec. 208(a)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 
                            2992.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       366  Sec. 2755. Discrimination prohibited if based on race, 
                religion, national origin, or sex
            (a) Congressional declaration of policy
                It is the policy of the United States that no sales 
            should be made, and no credits (including participations in 
            credits) or guaranties extended to or for any foreign 
            country, the laws, regulations, official policies, or 
            governmental practices of which prevent any United States 
            person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) from 
            participating in the furnishing of defense articles or 
            defense services under this chapter on the basis of race, 
            religion, national origin, or sex.
            (b) Employment of personnel; required contractual provision
                (1) No agency performing functions under this chapter 
            shall, in employing or assigning personnel to participate in 
            the performance of any such function, whether in the United 
            States or abroad, take into account the exclusionary 
            policies or practices of any foreign government where such 
            policies or practices are based upon race, religion, 
            national origin, or sex.
                (2) Each contract entered into by any such agency for 
            the performance of any function under this chapter shall 
            contain a provision to the effect that no person, 
            partnership, corporation, or other entity performing 
            functions pursuant to such contract, shall, in employing or 
            assigning personnel to participate in the performance of any 
            such function, whether in the United States or abroad, take 
            into account the exclusionary policies or practices of any 
            foreign government where such policies or practices are 
            based upon race, religion, national origin, or sex.
            (c) Report by President; contents
                The President shall promptly transmit reports to the 
            Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on 
            Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the 
            chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
            concerning any instance in which any United States person 
            (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) is prevented 
            by a foreign government on the basis of race, religion, 
            national origin, or sex, from participating in the 
            performance of any sale or licensed transaction under this 
            chapter or any import or export under a treaty referred to 
            in section 2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title. Such reports 
            shall include (1) a description of the facts and 
            circumstances of any such discrimination, (2) the response 
            thereto on the part of the United States or any agency or 
            employee thereof, and (3) the result of such response, if 
            any.

[[Page 396]]

            (d) Congressional request for information from President; 
                information required; 60 day period; failure to supply 
                information; termination or restriction of sale
                (1) Upon the request of the Committee on Foreign 
            Relations of the Senate or the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
            of the House of Representatives, the President shall, within 
            60 days after receipt of such request, transmit to both such 
            committees a statement, prepared with the assistance of the 
            Secretary of State, with respect to the country designated 
            in such request, setting forth--
                            (A) all the available information about the 
                        exclusionary policies or practices of the 
                        government of such country when such policies or 
                        practices are based upon race, religion, 
                        national origin or sex and prevent any such 
                        person from participating in the performance of 
                        any sale or licensed transaction under this 
                        chapter;
                            (B) the response of the United States 
                        thereto and the results of such response;
                            (C) whether, in the opinion of the 
                        President, notwithstanding any such policies or 
                        practices--

                                (i) extraordinary circumstances exist 
                            which necessitate a continuation of such 
                            sale or licensed transaction, and, if so, a 
                            description of such circumstances and the 
                            extent to which such sale or licensed 
                            transaction should be continued (subject to 
                            such conditions as Congress may impose under 
                            this section), and

                                (ii) on all the facts it is in the 
                            national interest of the United States to 
                            continue such sale or licensed transaction; 
                            and

                            (D) such other information as such committee 
                        may request.
                (2) In the event a statement with respect to a sale or 
            licensed transaction is requested pursuant to paragraph (1) 
            of this subsection but is not transmitted in accordance 
            therewith within 60 days after receipt of such request, such 
            sale or licensed transaction shall be suspended unless and 
            until such statement is transmitted.
                (3)(A) In the event a statement with respect to a sale 
            or licensed transaction is transmitted under paragraph (1) 
            of this subsection, the Congress may at any time thereafter 
            adopt a joint resolution terminating or restricting such 
            sale or licensed transaction.
                (B) Any such resolution shall be considered in the 
            Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) 
            of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export 
            Control Act of 1976.
                (C) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 
            of such Act, means, for the purposes of this paragraph, a 
            statement transmitted under paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection. (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 1, Sec. 5, as added Pub. L. 
            94-329, Title III, Sec. 302(b), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 752; 
            amended Pub. L. 95-105, Title I, Sec. 109(a)(5), Aug. 17, 
            1977, 91 Stat. 846; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 
            100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 103-236, Title I, Sec. 162(f), Apr. 
            30, 1994, 108 Stat. 405; Pub. L. 103-437, Sec. 9(a)(7), Nov. 
            2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588; Pub. L. 111-266, Title I, 
            Sec. 104(b), Oct. 8, 2010, 124 Stat. 2799; Pub. L. 113-276, 
            Title II, Sec. 208(a)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2992.)
       367  Sec. 2776. Reports and certifications to Congress on 
                military exports

                                    * * * * * * *

                (1) Subject to paragraph (6), in the case of any letter 
            of offer to sell any defense articles or services under this 
            chapter for $50,000,000

[[Page 397]]

            or more, any design and construction services for 
            $200,000,000 or more, or any major defense equipment for 
            $14,000,000 or more, before such letter of offer is issued, 
            the President shall submit to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
            House of Representatives, and to the chairman of the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a numbered 
            certification with respect to such offer to sell containing 
            the information specified in clauses * * * subsection (a) * 
            * *
                A certification transmitted pursuant to this subsection 
            shall be unclassified, except that the information specified 
            in clause (ii) and the details of the description specified 
            in clause (iii) of subsection (a) may be classified if the 
            public disclosure thereof would be clearly detrimental to 
            the security of the United States, in which case the 
            information shall be accompanied by a description of the 
            damage to the national security that could be expected to 
            result from public disclosure of the information. The letter 
            of offer shall not be issued, with respect to a proposed 
            sale to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, any member 
            country of such Organization, Japan, Australia, the Republic 
            of Korea, Israel, or New Zealand, if the Congress, within 
            fifteen calendar days after receiving such certification, or 
            with respect to a proposed sale to any other country or 
            organization, if the Congress within thirty calendar days 
            after receiving such certification, enacts a joint 
            resolution prohibiting the proposed sale, unless the 
            President states in his certification that an emergency 
            exists which requires such sale in the national security 
            interests of the United States. If the President states in 
            his certification that an emergency exists which requires 
            the proposed sale in the national security interest of the 
            United States, thus waiving the congressional review 
            requirements of this subsection, he shall set forth in the 
            certification a detailed justification for his 
            determination, including a description of the emergency 
            circumstances which necessitate the immediate issuance of 
            the letter of offer and a discussion of the national 
            security interests involved.
                (2) Any such joint resolution shall be considered in the 
            Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) 
            of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export 
            Control Act of 1976, except that for purposes of 
            consideration of any joint resolution with respect to the 
            North Atlantic Treaty Organization, any member country of 
            such Organization, Japan, Australia, the Republic of Korea, 
            Israel, or New Zealand, it shall be in order in the Senate 
            to move to discharge a committee to which such joint 
            resolution was referred if such committee has not reported 
            such joint resolution at the end of five calendar days after 
            its introduction.\16\
                \16\ Id.
                (3) For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under this subsection, a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of any such joint 
            resolution after it has been reported

[[Page 398]]

            by the appropriate committee shall be treated as highly 
            privileged in the House of Representatives.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Application for export license; submission of numbered 
                Presidential certification and statement to Congress; 
                contents; emergency circumstances; joint resolution; 
                exception; notification of upgrades

                                    * * * * * * *

                (2) Unless the President states in his certification 
            that an emergency exists which requires the proposed export 
            in the national security interests of the United States, a 
            license for export described in paragraph (1)--
                            (A) in the case of a license for an export 
                        to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, any 
                        member country of that Organization or 
                        Australia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Israel, 
                        or New Zealand, shall not be issued until at 
                        least 15 calendar days after the Congress 
                        receives such certification, and shall not be 
                        issued then if the Congress, within that 15-day 
                        period, enacts a joint resolution prohibiting 
                        the proposed export;
                            (B) in the case of a license for an export 
                        of a commercial communications satellite for 
                        launch from, and by nationals of, the Russian 
                        Federation, Ukraine, or Kazakhstan, shall not be 
                        issued until at least 15 calendar days after the 
                        Congress receives such certification, and shall 
                        not be issued then if the Congress, within that 
                        15-day period, enacts a joint resolution 
                        prohibiting the proposed export; and
                            (C) in the case of any other license, shall 
                        not be issued until at least 30 calendar days 
                        after the Congress receives such certification, 
                        and shall not be issued then if the Congress, 
                        within that 30-day period, enacts a joint 
                        resolution prohibiting the proposed export.
                If the President states in his certification that an 
            emergency exists which requires the proposed export in the 
            national security interests of the United States, thus 
            waiving the requirements of subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 
            this paragraph, he shall set forth in the certification a 
            detailed justification for his determination, including a 
            description of the emergency circumstances which necessitate 
            the immediate issuance of the export license and a 
            discussion of the national security interests involved.
                (3)(A) Any joint resolution under this subsection shall 
            be considered in the Senate in accordance with the 
            provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security 
            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\17\
                \17\ Id.
                (B) For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under this subsection, a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of any such joint 
            resolution after it has been reported

[[Page 399]]

            by the appropriate committee shall be treated as highly 
            privileged in the House of Representatives.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (d) Commercial technical assistance or manufacturing 
                licensing agreements with non-North Atlantic Treaty 
                Organization member countries; submission of 
                Presidential certification; contents
                (1) In the case of an approval under section 2778 of 
            this title of a United States commercial technical 
            assistance or manufacturing licensing agreement which 
            involves the manufacture abroad of any item of significant 
            combat equipment on the United States Munitions List, before 
            such approval is given, the President shall submit a 
            certification with respect to such proposed commercial 
            agreement in a manner similar to the certification required 
            under subsection (c)(1) containing comparable information, 
            except that the last sentence of such subsection shall not 
            apply to certifications submitted pursuant to this 
            subsection.
                (2) A certification under this subsection shall be 
            submitted--
                            (A) at least 15 days before approval is 
                        given in the case of an agreement for or in a 
                        country which is a member of the North Atlantic 
                        Treaty Organization or Australia, Japan, the 
                        Republic of Korea, Israel, or New Zealand; and
                            (B) at least 30 days before approval is 
                        given in the case of an agreement for or in any 
                        other country;

            unless the President states in his certification that an 
            emergency exists which requires the immediate approval of 
            the agreement in the national security interests of the 
            United States.

                (3) If the President states in his certification that an 
            emergency exists which requires the immediate approval of 
            the agreement in the national security interests of the 
            United States, thus waiving the requirements of paragraph 
            (4), he shall set forth in the certification a detailed 
            justification for his determination, including a description 
            of the emergency circumstances which necessitate the 
            immediate approval of the agreement and a discussion of the 
            national security interests involved.
                (4) Approval for an agreement subject to paragraph (1) 
            may not be given under section 2778 of this title if the 
            Congress, within the 15-day or 30-day period specified in 
            paragraph (2)(A) or (B), as the case may be, enacts a joint 
            resolution prohibiting such approval.
                (5)(A) Any joint resolution under paragraph (4) shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\18\
                \18\ Id.
                (B) For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under paragraph (4), a motion 
            to proceed to the consideration of any such joint resolution 
            after it has been reported by the appropriate committee 
            shall be treated as highly privileged in the House of 
            Representatives. (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 3, Sec. 36, Oct. 22, 
            1968, 82 Stat. 1326; Pub. L. 93-189, Sec. 25(10), Dec. 17, 
            1973, 87 Stat. 731; Pub. L. 93-559, Sec. 45(a)(5), Dec. 30, 
            1974, 88 Stat. 1814; Pub. L. 94-329, Title II, Sec. 211(a), 
            Title VI, Sec. 604(a), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 740, 766; 
            Pub. L. 95-384, Sec. 21, Sept. 26, 1978, 92 Stat. 741; Pub. 
            L.

[[Page 400]]

            96-92, Sec. Sec. 16(b), 19(a), (c), 20(b), Oct. 29, 1979, 93 
            Stat. 708-710; Pub. L. 96-533, Title I, Sec. Sec. 105(c), 
            (d), 107(b), 109(f), Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3134, 3136, 
            3138; Pub. L. 97-113, Title I, Sec. Sec. 101(c)-(e), 102(b), 
            109(d)(2), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1520 , 1526; Pub. L. 99-
            83, Title I, Sec. Sec. 117, 118, Title XII, Sec. 1209(c), 
            Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 202, 203, 279; Pub. L. 99-247, 
            Sec. 1(b), (c), Feb. 12, 1986, 100 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 101-222, 
            Sec. Sec. 3(b), 7, Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1896, 1899; Pub. 
            L. 103-236, Title VII, Sec. Sec. 732, 735(a), (b), Apr. 30, 
            1994, 108 Stat. 503, 505, 506; Pub. L. 103-437, 
            Sec. 9(a)(7), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588; Pub. L. 104-164, 
            Title I, Sec. Sec. 141(c), (d), 155, July 21, 1996, 110 
            Stat. 1431, 1432, 1440; Pub. L. 104-201, div. A, Title X, 
            Sec. 1045(a), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2644; Pub. L. 105-
            277, div. G, subdiv. A, Title XII, Sec. 1225(a)(1), Oct. 21, 
            1998, 112 Stat. 2681-773; Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, 
            Sec. 1000(a)(7) [div. B, Title XII, Sec. Sec. 1224, 1245, 
            Title XIII, Sec. Sec. 1301, 1302(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 
            Stat. 1536, 1501A-498, 1501A-502, 1501A-510, 1501A-511; Pub. 
            L. 106-280, Title I, Sec. 102(c)(1), Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 
            849; Pub. L. 107-228, div. B, Title XII, Sec. Sec. 1205(a), 
            1262(c), Title XIV, Sec. 1405(a)(2), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 
            Stat. 1427, 1434, 1457; Pub. L. 110-429, Title II, 
            Sec. Sec. 201(d), 203(b)(1), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4843, 
            4845; Pub. L. 111-266, Title I, Sec. 104(d), Title III, 
            Sec. 301(1), Oct. 8, 2010, 124 Stat. 2799, 2804; Pub. L. 
            113-276, Title II, Sec. Sec. 201, 208(a)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 
            128 Stat. 2990, 2992; Pub. L. 113-296, Sec. 11(b), Dec. 19, 
            2014, 128 Stat. 4078.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       368  Sec. 2780. Transactions with countries supporting acts of 
                international terrorism

                                    * * * * * * *

            (d) Countries covered by prohibition
                The prohibitions contained in this section apply with 
            respect to a country if the Secretary of State determines 
            that the government of that country has repeatedly provided 
            support for acts of international terrorism. For purposes of 
            this subsection, such acts shall include all activities that 
            the Secretary determines willfully aid or abet the 
            international proliferation of nuclear explosive devices to 
            individuals or groups, willfully aid or abet an individual 
            or groups in acquiring unsafeguarded special nuclear 
            material, or willfully aid or abet the efforts of an 
            individual or group to use, develop, produce, stockpile, or 
            otherwise acquire chemical, biological, or radiological 
            weapons.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (f) Rescission
                (1) A determination made by the Secretary of State under 
            subsection (d) may not be rescinded unless the President 
            submits to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the 
            Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, and the chairman of the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate--
                            (A) before the proposed rescission would 
                        take effect, a report certifying that--

                                (i) there has been a fundamental change 
                            in the leadership and policies of the 
                            government of the country concerned;

                                (ii) that government is not supporting 
                            acts of international terrorism; and

[[Page 401]]

                                (iii) that government has provided 
                            assurances that it will not support acts of 
                            international terrorism in the future; or

                            (B) at least 45 days before the proposed 
                        rescission would take effect, a report 
                        justifying the rescission and certifying that--

                                (i) the government concerned has not 
                            provided any support for international 
                            terrorism during the preceding 6-month 
                            period; and

                                (ii) the government concerned has 
                            provided assurances that it will not support 
                            acts of international terrorism in the 
                            future.

                (2)(A) No rescission under paragraph (1)(B) of a 
            determination under subsection (d) may be made if the 
            Congress, within 45 days after receipt of a report under 
            paragraph (1)(B), enacts a joint resolution the matter after 
            the resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That the 
            proposed rescission of the determination under section 40(d) 
            of the Arms Export Control Act pursuant to the report 
            submitted to the Congress on_____ is hereby prohibited.'', 
            the blank to be completed with the appropriate date.
                (B) A joint resolution described in subparagraph (A) and 
            introduced within the appropriate 45-day period shall be 
            considered in the Senate and the House of Representatives in 
            accordance with paragraphs (3) through (7) of section 
            8066(c) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act (as 
            contained in Public Law 98-473), except that references in 
            such paragraphs to the Committees on Appropriations of the 
            House of Representatives and the Senate shall be deemed to 
            be references to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
            House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
            Relations of the Senate, respectively. (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 
            3, Sec. 40, as added Pub. L. 99-399, Title V, Sec. 509(a), 
            Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 874; amended Pub. L. 101-222, 
            Sec. 2(a), Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1892; Pub. L. 102-138, 
            Title III, Sec. 321, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 710; Pub. L. 
            103-236, Title VIII, Sec. 822(a)(2), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 
            Stat. 511; Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, Sec. 1000(a)(7) [div. B, 
            Title XIII, Sec. 1303], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 
            1501A-511; Pub. L. 107-228, div. B, Title XII, Sec. 1204, 
            Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1427; Pub. L. 111-195, Title I, 
            Sec. 107(a)(3), July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1337; Pub. L. 113-
            276, Title II, Sec. 208(a)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 
            2992.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       369  Sec. 2796a. Reports to Congress
            (a) Written certification to Speaker of the House and 
                chairmen of Congressional committees
                Before entering into or renewing any agreement with a 
            foreign country or international organization to lease any 
            defense article under this subchapter, or to loan any 
            defense article under chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign 
            Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2311 et seq.], for a 
            period of one year or longer, the President shall transmit 
            to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the 
            Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, and to the chairman of the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate and the chairman of the 
            Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, a written 
            certification which specifies--
                            (1) the country or international 
                        organization to which the defense article is to 
                        be leased or loaned;

[[Page 402]]

                            (2) the type, quantity, and value (in terms 
                        of replacement cost) of the defense article to 
                        be leased or loaned;
                            (3) the terms and duration of the lease or 
                        loan; and
                            (4) a justification for the lease or loan, 
                        including an explanation of why the defense 
                        article is being leased or loaned rather than 
                        sold under this chapter.
            (b) Waiver; determination of emergency
                The President may waive the requirements of this section 
            (and in the case of an agreement described in section 2796b 
            of this title, may waive the provisions of that section) if 
            he states in his certification, that an emergency exists 
            which requires that the lease or loan be entered into 
            immediately in the national security interests of the United 
            States. If the President states in his certification that 
            such an emergency exists, he shall set forth in the 
            certification a detailed justification for his 
            determination, including a description of the emergency 
            circumstances which necessitate that the lease be entered 
            into immediately and a discussion of the national security 
            interests involved.
            (c) Transmission of certification
                The certification required by subsection (a) shall be 
            transmitted--
                            (1) not less than 15 calendar days before 
                        the agreement is entered into or renewed in the 
                        case of an agreement with the North Atlantic 
                        Treaty Organization, any member country of that 
                        Organization or Australia, Japan, the Republic 
                        of Korea, Israel, or New Zealand; and
                            (2) not less than 30 calendar days before 
                        the agreement is entered into or renewed in the 
                        case of an agreement with any other organization 
                        or country. (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 6, Sec. 62, as 
                        added Pub. L. 97-113, Title I, Sec. 109(a), Dec. 
                        29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1525; amended Pub. L. 104-
                        164, Title I, Sec. 141(e)(1), July 21, 1996, 110 
                        Stat. 1432; Pub. L. 110-429, Title II, 
                        Sec. 203(b)(1), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4845; 
                        Pub. L. 111-266, Title III, Sec. 301(1), Oct. 8, 
                        2010, 124 Stat. 2804; Pub. L. 113-276, Title II, 
                        Sec. 208(a)(4), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2993.)
       370  Sec. 2796b. Legislative review procedures
            (a) Applicability
                (1) Subject to paragraph (2), in the case of any 
            agreement involving the lease under this subchapter, or the 
            loan under chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance 
            Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2311 et seq.], to any foreign country 
            or international organization for a period of one year or 
            longer of any defense articles which are either (i) major 
            defense equipment valued (in terms of its replacement cost 
            less any depreciation in its value) at $14,000,000 or more, 
            or (ii) defense articles valued (in terms of their 
            replacement cost less any depreciation in their value) at 
            $50,000,000 or more, the agreement may not be entered into 
            or renewed if the Congress, within the 15-day or 30-day 
            period specified in section 2796a(c)(1) or (2) of this 
            title, as the case may be, enacts a joint resolution 
            prohibiting the proposed lease or loan.
                (2) In the case of an agreement described in paragraph 
            (1) that is entered into with a member country of the North 
            Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or Australia, Japan, the 
            Republic of Korea, Israel, or New Zealand, the limitations 
            in paragraph (1) shall apply only if the agreement involves 
            a lease or loan of--

[[Page 403]]

                            (A) major defense equipment valued (in terms 
                        of its replacement cost less any depreciation in 
                        its value) at $25,000,000 or more; or
                            (B) defense articles valued (in terms of 
                        their replacement cost less any depreciation in 
                        their value) at $100,000,000 or more.
            (b) Consideration of resolution
                Any joint resolution under subsection (a) shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\19\
                \19\ Id.
            (c) Highly privileged nature of resolution
                For the purpose of expediting the consideration and 
            enactment of joint resolutions under subsection (a), a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of any such joint 
            resolution after it has been reported by the appropriate 
            committee shall be treated as highly privileged in the House 
            of Representatives. (Pub. L. 90-629, ch. 6, Sec. 63, as 
            added Pub. L. 97-113, Title I, Sec. 109(a), Dec. 29, 1981, 
            95 Stat. 1525; amended Pub. L. 99-247, Sec. 1(d), Feb. 12, 
            1986, 100 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 104-164, Title I, Sec. 141(e)(2), 
            July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1433; Pub. L. 107-228, div. B, 
            Title XIV, Sec. 1405(a)(3), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1457; 
            Pub. L. 110-429, Title II, Sec. 203(b)(1), Oct. 15, 2008, 
            122 Stat. 4845; Pub. L. 111-266, Title III, Sec. 301(1), 
            Oct. 8, 2010, 124 Stat. 2804.)
       371  Sec. 2799aa. Nuclear enrichment transfers
            (a) Prohibitions; safeguards and management
                Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no 
            funds made available to carry out the Foreign Assistance Act 
            of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] or this chapter may be used 
            for the purpose of providing economic assistance (including 
            assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign 
            Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2346 et seq.]), providing 
            military assistance or grant military education and 
            training, providing assistance under chapter 6 of part II of 
            that Act [22 U.S.C. 2348 et seq.], or extending military 
            credits or making guarantees, to any country which the 
            President determines delivers nuclear enrichment equipment, 
            materials, or technology to any other country on or after 
            August 4, 1977, or receives such equipment, materials, or 
            technology from any other country on or after August 4, 
            1977, unless before such delivery--
                            (1) the supplying country and receiving 
                        country have reached agreement to place all such 
                        equipment, materials, or technology, upon 
                        delivery, under multilateral auspices and 
                        management when available; and
                            (2) the recipient country has entered into 
                        an agreement with the International Atomic 
                        Energy Agency to place all such equipment, 
                        materials, technology, and all nuclear fuel and 
                        facilities in such country under the safeguards 
                        system of such Agency.
            (b) Certification by President of necessity of continued 
                assistance; disapproval by Congress
                (1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the 
            President may furnish assistance which would otherwise be 
            prohibited under such subsection if he determines and 
            certifies in writing to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
            House

[[Page 404]]

            of Representatives, and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
            of the Senate that--
                            (A) the termination of such assistance would 
                        have a serious adverse effect on vital United 
                        States interests; and
                            (B) he has received reliable assurances that 
                        the country in question will not acquire or 
                        develop nuclear weapons or assist other nations 
                        in doing so.
                Such certification shall set forth the reasons 
            supporting such determination in each particular case.
                (2)(A) A certification under paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection shall take effect on the date on which the 
            certification is received by the Congress. However, if, 
            within thirty calendar days after receiving this 
            certification, the Congress enacts a joint resolution 
            stating in substance that the Congress disapproves the 
            furnishing of assistance pursuant to the certification, then 
            upon the enactment of that resolution the certification 
            shall cease to be effective and all deliveries of assistance 
            furnished under the authority of that certification shall be 
            suspended immediately.
                (B) Any joint resolution under this paragraph shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\20\
                \20\ Id.
       372  Sec. 2799aa-1. Nuclear reprocessing transfers, illegal 
                exports for nuclear explosive devices, transfers of 
                nuclear explosive devices, and nuclear detonations
            (a) Prohibitions on assistance to countries involved in 
                transfer of nuclear reprocessing equipment, materials, 
                or technology; exceptions; procedures applicable
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this 
            subsection, no funds made available to carry out the Foreign 
            Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] or this 
            chapter may be used for the purpose of providing economic 
            assistance (including assistance under chapter 4 of part II 
            of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2346 et 
            seq.]), providing military assistance or grant military 
            education and training, providing assistance under chapter 6 
            of part II of that Act [22 U.S.C. 2348 et seq.], or 
            extending military credits or making guarantees, to any 
            country which the President determines--
                            (A) delivers nuclear reprocessing equipment, 
                        materials, or technology to any other country on 
                        or after August 4, 1977, or receives such 
                        equipment, materials, or technology from any 
                        other country on or after August 4, 1977 (except 
                        for the transfer of reprocessing technology 
                        associated with the investigation, under 
                        international evaluation programs in which the 
                        United States participates, of technologies 
                        which are alternatives to pure plutonium 
                        reprocessing), or
                            (B) is a non-nuclear-weapon state which, on 
                        or after August 8, 1985, exports illegally (or 
                        attempts to export illegally) from the United 
                        States any material, equipment, or technology 
                        which would contribute significantly to the 
                        ability of such country to manufacture a nuclear 
                        explosive device, if the President determines 
                        that the material, equipment, or technology was 
                        to be used by such country in the manufacture of 
                        a nuclear explosive device.

[[Page 405]]



            For purposes of clause (B), an export (or attempted export) 
            by a person who is an agent of, or is otherwise acting on 
            behalf of or in the interests of, a country shall be 
            considered to be an export (or attempted export) by that 
            country.

                (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection, 
            the President in any fiscal year may furnish assistance 
            which would otherwise be prohibited under that paragraph if 
            he determines and certifies in writing during that fiscal 
            year to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the 
            Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
            the Senate that the termination of such assistance would be 
            seriously prejudicial to the achievement of United States 
            nonproliferation objectives or otherwise jeopardize the 
            common defense and security. The President shall transmit 
            with such certification a statement setting forth the 
            specific reasons therefor.
                (3)(A) A certification under paragraph (2) of this 
            subsection shall take effect on the date on which the 
            certification is received by the Congress. However, if, 
            within 30 calendar days after receiving this certification, 
            the Congress enacts a joint resolution stating in substance 
            that the Congress disapproves the furnishing of assistance 
            pursuant to the certification, then upon the enactment of 
            that resolution the certification shall cease to be 
            effective and all deliveries of assistance furnished under 
            the authority of that certification shall be suspended 
            immediately.
                (B) Any joint resolution under this paragraph shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\21\
                \21\ Id.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (4)(A) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection, 
            the President may, for a period of not more than 30 days of 
            continuous session, delay the imposition of sanctions which 
            would otherwise be required under paragraph (1)(A) or (1)(B) 
            of this subsection if the President first transmits to the 
            Speaker of the House of Representatives, and to the chairman 
            of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, a 
            certification that he has determined that an immediate 
            imposition of sanctions on that country would be detrimental 
            to the national security of the United States. Not more than 
            one such certification may be transmitted for a country with 
            respect to the same detonation, transfer, or receipt of a 
            nuclear explosive device.
                (B) If the President transmits a certification to the 
            Congress under subparagraph (A), a joint resolution which 
            would permit the President to exercise the waiver authority 
            of paragraph (5) of this subsection shall, if introduced in 
            either House within thirty days of continuous session after 
            the Congress receives this certification, be considered in 
            the Senate in accordance with subparagraph (C) of this 
            paragraph.
                (C) Any joint resolution under this paragraph shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance 
            and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\22\
                \22\ Id.
                (D) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``joint 
            resolution'' means a joint resolution the matter after the 
            resolving clause of which is as

[[Page 406]]

            follows: ``That the Congress having received on_____ a 
            certification by the President under section 102(b)(4) of 
            the Arms Export Control Act with respect to_____, the 
            Congress hereby authorizes the President to exercise the 
            waiver authority contained in section 102(b)(5) of that 
            Act.'', with the date of receipt of the certification 
            inserted in the first blank and the name of the country 
            inserted in the second blank.
                (5) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection, if 
            the Congress enacts a joint resolution under paragraph (4) 
            of this subsection, the President may waive any sanction 
            which would otherwise be required under paragraph (1)(A) or 
            (1)(B) if he determines and certifies in writing to the 
            Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate that the imposition of such 
            sanction would be seriously prejudicial to the achievement 
            of United States nonproliferation objectives or otherwise 
            jeopardize the common defense and security. The President 
            shall transmit with such certification a statement setting 
            forth the specific reasons therefor.
                (6)(A) In the event the President is required to impose 
            sanctions against a country under paragraph (1)(C) or 
            (1)(D), the President shall forthwith so inform such country 
            and shall impose the required sanctions beginning 30 days 
            after submitting to the Congress the report required by 
            paragraph (1) unless, and to the extent that, there is 
            enacted during the 30-day period a law prohibiting the 
            imposition of such sanctions.
                (B) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
            sanctions which are required to be imposed against a country 
            under paragraph (1)(C) or (1)(D) shall not apply if the 
            President determines and certifies in writing to the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
            Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
            Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that the 
            application of such sanctions against such country would 
            have a serious adverse effect on vital United States 
            interests. The President shall transmit with such 
            certification a statement setting forth the specific reasons 
            therefor.
                (7) For purposes of this subsection, continuity of 
            session is broken only by an adjournment of Congress sine 
            die and the days on which either House is not in session 
            because of an adjournment of more than three days to a day 
            certain are excluded in the computation of any period of 
            time in which Congress is in continuous session. (Pub. L. 
            90-629, ch. 10, Sec. 102, as added Pub. L. 103-236, Title 
            VIII, Sec. 826(a), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 516; amended 
            Pub. L. 105-194, Sec. 2(a)-(c), July 14, 1998, 112 Stat. 
            627; Pub. L. 113-276, Title II, Sec. 208(a)(1), Dec. 18, 
            2014, 128 Stat. 2992.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                        Chapter 47--NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION

       373  Sec. 3224a. Studies and agreements by Secretary of Energy on 
                multinational or international basis concerning spent 
                fuel storage facilities and transportation systems; 
                congressional consent; authorization of appropriations; 
                limitations on use of funds; exceptions; special nuclear 
                material for India

                                    * * * * * * *

                That, notwithstanding any other provision of law, that 
            none of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or any 
            other funds made available to the Secretary of Energy under 
            any other authorization or appro

[[Page 407]]

            priation Act shall be used, directly or indirectly, for the 
            repurchase, transportation, or storage of any such foreign 
            spent nuclear fuel for storage or other disposition, interim 
            or permanent, in the United States, unless the use of the 
            funds for that specific purpose has been (1) previously and 
            expressly authorized by Congress in legislation hereafter 
            enacted, (2) previously and expressly authorized by a 
            concurrent resolution, or (3) the President submits a plan 
            for such use, with the report information specified herein, 
            thirty days during which the Congress is in continuous 
            session, as defined in the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 
            [2 U.S.C. 681 et seq.], prior to such use and neither House 
            of Congress approves a resolution of disapproval of the plan 
            prior to the expiration of the aforementioned thirty-day 
            period. If such a resolution of disapproval has been 
            introduced, but has not been reported by the Committee on or 
            before the twentieth day after transmission of the 
            Presidential message, a privileged motion shall be in order 
            in the respective body to discharge the Committee from 
            further consideration of the resolution and to provide for 
            its immediate consideration, using the procedures specified 
            for consideration of an impoundment resolution in section 
            1017 of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (31 U.S.C. 1407) 
            [2 U.S.C. 688]. (Pub. L. 95-238, Title I, Sec. 107, Feb. 25, 
            1978, 92 Stat. 55; Pub. L. 103-437, Sec. 9(c), Nov. 2, 1994, 
            108 Stat. 4588.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                     Chapter 66--UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY

       374  Sec. 5701 note. Hong Kong Autonomy Act

                                    * * * * * * *

            Sec. 6. Sanctions with Respect to Foreign Persons that 
                Contravene the Obligations of China Under the Joint 
                Declaration or the Basic Law.
                (a) Imposition of Sanctions.--
                            (1) In General.--On and after the date on 
                        which a foreign person is included in the report 
                        under section 5(a) or an update to that report 
                        under section 5(e), the President may impose 
                        sanctions described in subsection (b) with 
                        respect to that foreign person.
                            (2) Mandatory Sanctions.--Not later than one 
                        year after the date on which a foreign person is 
                        included in the report under section 5(a) or an 
                        update to that report under section5(e), the 
                        President shall impose sanctions described in 
                        subsection (b) with respect to that foreign 
                        person.

                                    * * * * * * *

            Sec. 7. Sanctions with Respect to Foreign Financial 
                Institutions that Conduct Significant Transactions with 
                Foreign Persons that Contravene the Obligations of China 
                Under the Joint Declaration or the Basic Law.
                (a) Imposition of Sanctions.
                            (1) Initial Sanctions.--Not later than one 
                        year after the date on which a foreign financial 
                        institution is included in the report under 
                        section 5(b) or an update to that report under 
                        section 5(e), the President shall impose not 
                        fewer than 5 of the sanctions described in 
                        subsection (b) with respect to that foreign 
                        financial institution.

[[Page 408]]

                            (2) Expanded Sanctions.--Not later than two 
                        years after the date on which a foreign 
                        financial institution is included in the report 
                        under section 5(b) or an update to that report 
                        under section 5(e), the President shall impose 
                        each of the sanctions described in subsection 
                        (b).

                                    * * * * * * *

            Sec. 8. Waiver, Termination, Exceptions, and Congressional 
                Review Process.
                (a) National Security Waiver.--Unless a disapproval 
            resolution is enacted under subsection (e), the President 
            may waive the application of sanctions under section 6 or 7 
            with respect to a foreign person or foreign financial 
            institution if the President--
                            (1) determines that the waiver is in the 
                        national security interest of the United States; 
                        and
                            (2) submits to the appropriate congressional 
                        committees and leadership a report on the 
                        determination and the reasons for the 
                        determination.
                (b) Termination of Sanctions and Removal from Report.--
                Unless a disapproval resolution is enacted under 
            subsection (e), the President may terminate the application 
            of sanctions under section 6 or 7 with respect to a foreign 
            person or foreign financial institution and remove the 
            foreign person from the report required under section 5(a) 
            or the foreign financial institution from the report 
            required under section 5(b), as the case may be, if the 
            Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 
            the Treasury, determines that the actions taken by the 
            foreign person or foreign financial institution that led to 
            the imposition of sanctions--
                            (1) do not have a significant and lasting 
                        negative effect that contravenes the obligations 
                        of China under the Joint Declaration and the 
                        Basic Law;
                            (2) are not likely to be repeated in the 
                        future; and
                            (3) have been reversed or otherwise 
                        mitigated through positive countermeasures taken 
                        by that foreign person or foreign financial 
                        institution.
                (c) Termination of Act.--
                            (1) Report.--

                                (A) In General.--Not later than July 1, 
                            2046, the President, in consultation with 
                            the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 
                            Treasury, and the heads of such other 
                            Federal agencies as the President considers 
                            appropriate, shall submit to Congress a 
                            report evaluating the implementation of this 
                            Act and sanctions imposed pursuant to this 
                            Act.

                                (B) Elements.--The President shall 
                            include in the report submitted under 
                            subparagraph (A) an assessment of whether 
                            this Act and the sanctions imposed pursuant 
                            to this Act should be terminated.

                            (2) Termination.--This Act and the sanctions 
                        imposed pursuant to this Act shall remain in 
                        effect unless a termination resolution is 
                        enacted under subsection (e) after July 1, 2047.
                (d) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--

[[Page 409]]

                            (1) In General.--The authorities and 
                        requirements to impose sanctions under sections 
                        6 and 7 shall not include the authority or 
                        requirement to impose sanctions on the 
                        importation of goods.
                            (2) Good Defined.--In this subsection, the 
                        term ``good'' means any article, natural or 
                        manmade substance, material, supply, or 
                        manufactured product, including inspection and 
                        test equipment, and excluding technical data.
                (e) Congressional Review.--
                            (1) Resolutions.--

                                (A) Disapproval resolution.--In this 
                            section, the term `disapproval resolution' 
                            means only a joint resolution of either 
                            House of Congress--

                                        (i) the title of which is as 
                                    follows: `A joint resolution 
                                    disapproving the waiver or 
                                    termination of sanctions with 
                                    respect to a foreign person that 
                                    contravenes the obligations of China 
                                    with respect to Hong Kong or a 
                                    foreign financial institution that 
                                    conducts a significant transaction 
                                    with that person.'; and

                                        (ii) the sole matter after the 
                                    resolving clause of which is the 
                                    following: `Congress disapproves of 
                                    the action under section 8 of the 
                                    Hong Kong Autonomy Act relating to 
                                    the application of sanctions imposed 
                                    with respect to a foreign person 
                                    that contravenes the obligations of 
                                    China with respect to Hong Kong, or 
                                    a foreign financial institution that 
                                    conducts a significant transaction 
                                    with that person, on ------------ 
                                    relating to ------------.', with the 
                                    first blank space being filled with 
                                    the appropriate date and the second 
                                    blank space being filled with a 
                                    short description of the proposed 
                                    action.

                                (B) Termination resolution.--In this 
                            section, the term `termination resolution' 
                            means only a joint resolution of either 
                            House of Congress--

                                        (i) the title of which is as 
                                    follows: `A joint resolution 
                                    terminating sanctions with respect 
                                    to foreign persons that contravene 
                                    the obligations of China with 
                                    respect to Hong Kong and foreign 
                                    financial institutions that conduct 
                                    significant transactions with those 
                                    persons.'; and

                                        (ii) the sole matter after the 
                                    resolving clause of which is the 
                                    following: `The Hong Kong Autonomy 
                                    Act and any sanctions imposed 
                                    pursuant to that Act shall terminate 
                                    on ------------.', with the blank 
                                    space being filled with the 
                                    termination date.

                                (C) Covered resolution.--In this 
                            subsection, the term `covered resolution' 
                            means a disapproval resolution or a 
                            termination resolution.

                            (2) Introduction.--A covered resolution may 
                        be introduced--(A) in the House of 
                        Representatives, by the majority leader or the 
                        minority leader; and(B) in the Senate, by the 
                        majority leader (or the majority leader's 
                        designee) or the minority leader (or the 
                        minority leader's designee).
                            (3) Floor consideration in House of 
                        Representatives.--If a committee of the House of 
                        Representatives to which a covered resolution 
                        has been referred has not reported the 
                        resolution within 10 legisla

[[Page 410]]

                        tive days after the date of referral, that 
                        committee shall be discharged from further 
                        consideration of the resolution.
                            (4) Consideration in the Senate.--

                                (A) Committee referral.--

                                        (i) Disapproval resolution.--A 
                                    disapproval resolution introduced in 
                                    the Senate shall be--

                                          (I) referred to the Committee 
                                    on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                                    Affairs if the resolution relates to 
                                    an action that is not intended to 
                                    significantly alter United States 
                                    foreign policy with regard to China; 
                                    and

                                          (II) referred to the Committee 
                                    on Foreign Relations if the 
                                    resolution relates to an action that 
                                    is intended to significantly alter 
                                    United States foreign policy with 
                                    regard to China.

                                        (ii) Termination resolution.--A 
                                    termination resolution introduced in 
                                    the Senate shall be referred to the 
                                    Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
                                    Urban Affairs and the Committee on 
                                    Foreign Relations.

                                (B) Reporting and discharge.--If a 
                            committee to which a covered resolution was 
                            referred has not reported the resolution 
                            within 10 legislative days after the date of 
                            referral of the resolution, that committee 
                            shall be discharged from further 
                            consideration of the resolution and the 
                            resolution shall be placed on the 
                            appropriate calendar.

                                (C) Proceeding to consideration.--
                            Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the Standing 
                            Rules of the Senate, it is in order at any 
                            time after the Committee on Banking, 
                            Housing, and Urban Affairs or the Committee 
                            on Foreign Relations, as the case may be, 
                            reports a covered resolution to the Senate 
                            or has been discharged from consideration of 
                            such a resolution (even though a previous 
                            motion to the same effect has been disagreed 
                            to) to move to proceed to the consideration 
                            of the resolution, and all points of order 
                            against the resolution (and against 
                            consideration of the resolution) are waived. 
                            The motion to proceed is not debatable. The 
                            motion is not subject to a motion to 
                            postpone. A motion to reconsider the vote by 
                            which the motion is agreed to or disagreed 
                            to shall not be in order.

                                (D) Rulings of the chair on procedure.--
                            Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
                            relating to the application of the rules of 
                            the Senate, as the case may be, to the 
                            procedure relating to a covered resolution 
                            shall be decided without debate.

                                (E) Consideration of veto messages.--
                            Debate in the Senate of any veto message 
                            with respect to a covered resolution, 
                            including all debatable motions and appeals 
                            in connection with the resolution, shall be 
                            limited to 10 hours, to be equally divided 
                            between, and controlled by, the majority 
                            leader and the minority leader or their 
                            designees.

                            (5) Rules relating to Senate and House of 
                        Representatives.--

                                (A) Treatment of Senate Resolution in 
                            House.--In the House of Representatives, the 
                            following procedures shall apply to a 
                            covered resolution received from the Senate 
                            (unless the House has already passed a 
                            resolution relating to the same proposed 
                            action):

[[Page 411]]

                                        (i) The resolution shall be 
                                    referred to the appropriate 
                                    committees.

                                        (ii) If a committee to which a 
                                    resolution has been referred has not 
                                    reported the resolution within 10 
                                    legislative days after the date of 
                                    referral, that committee shall be 
                                    discharged from further 
                                    consideration of the resolution.

                                        (iii) Beginning on the third 
                                    legislative day after each committee 
                                    to which a resolution has been 
                                    referred reports the resolution to 
                                    the House or has been discharged 
                                    from further consideration thereof, 
                                    it shall be in order to move to 
                                    proceed to consider the resolution 
                                    in the House. All points of order 
                                    against the motion are waived. Such 
                                    a motion shall not be in order after 
                                    the House has disposed of a motion 
                                    to proceed on the resolution. The 
                                    previous question shall be 
                                    considered as ordered on the motion 
                                    to its adoption without intervening 
                                    motion. The motion shall not be 
                                    debatable. A motion to reconsider 
                                    the vote by which the motion is 
                                    disposed of shall not be in order.

                                        (iv) The resolution shall be 
                                    considered as read. All points of 
                                    order against the resolution and 
                                    against its consideration are 
                                    waived. The previous question shall 
                                    be considered as ordered on the 
                                    resolution to final passage without 
                                    intervening motion except 2 hours of 
                                    debate equally divided and 
                                    controlled by the offeror of the 
                                    motion to proceed (or a designee) 
                                    and an opponent. A motion to 
                                    reconsider the vote on passage of 
                                    the resolution shall not be in 
                                    order.

                                (B) Treatment of House Resolution in 
                            Senate.--

                                        (i) Received before passage of 
                                    Senate resolution.--If, before the 
                                    passage by the Senate of a covered 
                                    resolution, the Senate receives an 
                                    identical resolution from the House 
                                    of Representatives, the following 
                                    procedures shall apply:

                                          (I) That resolution shall not 
                                    be referred to a committee.

                                          (II) With respect to that 
                                    resolution--

                                            (aa) the procedure in the 
                                    Senate shall be the same as if no 
                                    resolution had been received from 
                                    the House of Representatives; but

                                            (bb) the vote on passage 
                                    shall be on the resolution from the 
                                    House of Representatives.

                                        (ii) Received after passage of 
                                    Senate resolution.--If, following 
                                    passage of a covered resolution in 
                                    the Senate, the Senate receives an 
                                    identical resolution from the House 
                                    of Representatives, that resolution 
                                    shall be placed on the appropriate 
                                    Senate calendar.

                                        (iii) No Senate companion.--If a 
                                    covered resolution is received from 
                                    the House of Representatives, and no 
                                    companion resolution has been 
                                    introduced in the Senate, the Senate 
                                    procedures under this subsection 
                                    shall apply to the resolution from 
                                    the House of Representatives.

                                (C) Application to revenue measures.--
                            The provisions of this paragraph shall not 
                            apply in the House of Representatives to a 
                            covered resolution that is a revenue 
                            measure.

                            (6) Rules of House of Representatives and 
                        Senate.--This subsection is enacted by 
                        Congress--

[[Page 412]]

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and the House of 
                            Representatives, respectively, and as such 
                            is deemed a part of the rules of each House, 
                            respectively, and supersedes other rules 
                            only to the extent that it is inconsistent 
                            with such rules; and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                            same manner, and to the same extent as in 
                            the case of any other rule of that House. 
                            (Pub. L. 116-149, Sec. Sec. 6, 7, 8, July, 
                            14, 2020, 134 Stat. 673, 677.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                Chapter 69a--CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY 
                                     (LIBERTAD)

       375  Sec. 6064. Termination of economic embargo of Cuba
            (a) Presidential actions
                Upon submitting a determination to the appropriate 
            congressional committees under section 6063(c)(1) of this 
            title that a transition government in Cuba is in power, the 
            President, after consultation with the Congress, is 
            authorized to take steps to suspend the economic embargo of 
            Cuba and to suspend the right of action created in section 
            6082 of this title with respect to actions thereafter filed 
            against the Cuban Government, to the extent that such steps 
            contribute to a stable foundation for a democratically 
            elected government in Cuba.
            (b) Suspension of certain provisions of law
                In carrying out subsection (a), the President may 
            suspend the enforcement of--
                            (1) section 2370(a) of this title;
                            (2) section 2370(f) of this title with 
                        respect to the ``Republic of Cuba'';
                            (3) sections 6003, 6004(d), and 6005 of this 
                        title;
                            (4) section 902(c) of the Food Security Act 
                        of 1985; and
                            (5) the prohibitions on transactions 
                        described in part 515 of title 31, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations.
            (c) Additional Presidential actions
                Upon submitting a determination to the appropriate 
            congressional committees under section 6063(c)(3) of this 
            title that a democratically elected government in Cuba is in 
            power, the President shall take steps to terminate the 
            economic embargo of Cuba, including the restrictions under 
            part 515 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (d) Conforming amendments
                On the date on which the President submits a 
            determination under section 6063(c)(3) of this title--
                            (1) section 2370(a) of this title is 
                        repealed;
                            (2) section 2370(f) of this title is amended 
                        by striking ``Republic of Cuba'';
                            (3) sections 6003, 6004(d), and 6005 of this 
                        title are repealed; and
                            (4) section 902(c) of the Food Security Act 
                        of 1985 is repealed.

[[Page 413]]

            (e) Review of suspension of economic embargo
                (1) Review
                            If the President takes action under 
                        subsection (a) to suspend the economic embargo 
                        of Cuba, the President shall immediately so 
                        notify the Congress. The President shall report 
                        to the Congress no less frequently than every 6 
                        months thereafter, until he submits a 
                        determination under section 6063(c)(3) of this 
                        title that a democratically elected government 
                        in Cuba is in power, on the progress being made 
                        by Cuba toward the establishment of such a 
                        democratically elected government. The action of 
                        the President under subsection (a) shall cease 
                        to be effective upon the enactment of a joint 
                        resolution described in paragraph (2).
                (2) Joint resolutions
                            For purposes of this subsection, the term 
                        ``joint resolution'' means only a joint 
                        resolution of the 2 Houses of Congress, the 
                        matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the Congress disapproves the 
                        action of the President under section 204(a) of 
                        the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity 
                        (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996 to suspend the economic 
                        embargo of Cuba, notice of which was submitted 
                        to the Congress on_____.'', with the blank space 
                        being filled with the appropriate date.
                (3) Referral to committees
                            Joint resolutions introduced in the House of 
                        Representatives shall be referred to the 
                        Committee on International Relations and joint 
                        resolutions introduced in the Senate shall be 
                        referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.
                (4) Procedures
                            (A) Any joint resolution shall be considered 
                        in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
                        of section 601(b) of the International Security 
                        Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 
                        1976.\23\
                \23\ Id.
                            (B) For the purpose of expediting the 
                        consideration and enactment of joint 
                        resolutions, a motion to proceed to the 
                        consideration of any joint resolution after it 
                        has been reported by the appropriate committee 
                        shall be treated as highly privileged in the 
                        House of Representatives.
                            (C) Not more than 1 joint resolution may be 
                        considered in the House of Representatives and 
                        the Senate in the 6-month period beginning on 
                        the date on which the President notifies the 
                        Congress under paragraph (1) of the action taken 
                        under subsection (a), and in each 6-month period 
                        thereafter. (Pub. L. 104-114, Title II, 
                        Sec. 204, Mar. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 810.)
            
              Chapter 102--COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN EUROPE AND 
                                      EURASIA

       376  Sec. 9511. Congressional review of certain actions relating 
                to sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian 
                Federation
            (a) Submission to Congress of proposed action
                (1) In general
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        before taking any action described in paragraph 
                        (2), the President shall submit to

[[Page 414]]

                        the appropriate congressional committees and 
                        leadership a report that describes the proposed 
                        action and the reasons for that action.
                (2) Actions described
                            (A) In general

                                An action described in this paragraph 
                            is--

                                        (i) an action to terminate the 
                                    application of any sanctions 
                                    described in subparagraph (B);

                                        (ii) with respect to sanctions 
                                    described in subparagraph (B) 
                                    imposed by the President with 
                                    respect to a person, an action to 
                                    waive the application of those 
                                    sanctions with respect to that 
                                    person; or

                                        (iii) a licensing action that 
                                    significantly alters United States' 
                                    1 foreign policy with regard to the 
                                    Russian Federation.

                            (B) Sanctions described

                                The sanctions described in this 
                            subparagraph are--

                                        (i) sanctions provided for 
                                    under--

                                          (I) this chapter or any 
                                    provision of law amended by this 
                                    title, including the Executive 
                                    orders codified under section 9522 
                                    of this title;

                                          (II) the Support for the 
                                    Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, 
                                    and Economic Stability of Ukraine 
                                    Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8901 et 
                                    seq.); or

                                          (III) the Ukraine Freedom 
                                    Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8921 
                                    et seq.); and

                                        (ii) the prohibition on access 
                                    to the properties of the Government 
                                    of the Russian Federation located in 
                                    Maryland and New York that the 
                                    President ordered vacated on 
                                    December 29, 2016.

                (3) Description of type of action
                            Each report submitted under paragraph (1) 
                        with respect to an action described in paragraph 
                        (2) shall include a description of whether the 
                        action--

                                (A) is not intended to significantly 
                            alter United States foreign policy with 
                            regard to the Russian Federation; or

                                (B) is intended to significantly alter 
                            United States foreign policy with regard to 
                            the Russian Federation.

                (4) Inclusion of additional matter
                            (A) In general

                                Each report submitted under paragraph 
                            (1) that relates to an action that is 
                            intended to significantly alter United 
                            States foreign policy with regard to the 
                            Russian Federation shall include a 
                            description of--

                                        (i) the significant alteration 
                                    to United States foreign policy with 
                                    regard to the Russian Federation;

                                        (ii) the anticipated effect of 
                                    the action on the national security 
                                    interests of the United States; and

                                        (iii) the policy objectives for 
                                    which the sanctions affected by the 
                                    action were initially imposed.

                            (B) Requests from banking and financial 
                        services committees

                                The Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
                            Urban Affairs of the Senate or the Committee 
                            on Financial Services of the House

[[Page 415]]

                            of Representatives may request the 
                            submission to the Committee of the matter 
                            described in clauses (ii) and (iii) of 
                            subparagraph (A) with respect to a report 
                            submitted under paragraph (1) that relates 
                            to an action that is not intended to 
                            significantly alter United States foreign 
                            policy with regard to the Russian 
                            Federation.

                (5) Confidentiality of proprietary information
                            Proprietary information that can be 
                        associated with a particular person with respect 
                        to an action described in paragraph (2) may be 
                        included in a report submitted under paragraph 
                        (1) only if the appropriate congressional 
                        committees and leadership provide assurances of 
                        confidentiality, unless such person otherwise 
                        consents in writing to such disclosure.
                (6) Rule of construction
                            Paragraph (2)(A)(iii) shall not be construed 
                        to require the submission of a report under 
                        paragraph (1) with respect to the routine 
                        issuance of a license that does not 
                        significantly alter United States foreign policy 
                        with regard to the Russian Federation.
            (b) Period for review by Congress
                (1) In general
                            During the period of 30 calendar days 
                        beginning on the date on which the President 
                        submits a report under subsection (a)(1)--

                                (A) in the case of a report that relates 
                            to an action that is not intended to 
                            significantly alter United States foreign 
                            policy with regard to the Russian 
                            Federation, the Committee on Banking, 
                            Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and 
                            the Committee on Financial Services of the 
                            House of Representatives should, as 
                            appropriate, hold hearings and briefings and 
                            otherwise obtain information in order to 
                            fully review the report; and

                                (B) in the case of a report that relates 
                            to an action that is intended to 
                            significantly alter United States foreign 
                            policy with regard to the Russian 
                            Federation, the Committee on Foreign 
                            Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
                            Foreign Affairs of the House of 
                            Representatives should, as appropriate, hold 
                            hearings and briefings and otherwise obtain 
                            information in order to fully review the 
                            report.

                (2) Exception
                            The period for congressional review under 
                        paragraph (1) of a report required to be 
                        submitted under subsection (a)(1) shall be 60 
                        calendar days if the report is submitted on or 
                        after July 10 and on or before September 7 in 
                        any calendar year.
                (3) Limitation on actions during initial congressional 
            review period
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        during the period for congressional review 
                        provided for under paragraph (1) of a report 
                        submitted under subsection (a)(1) proposing an 
                        action described in subsection (a)(2), including 
                        any additional period for such review as 
                        applicable under the exception provided in 
                        paragraph (2), the President may not take that 
                        action unless a joint resolution of approval 
                        with respect to that action is enacted in 
                        accordance with subsection (c).

[[Page 416]]

                (4) Limitation on actions during presidential 
            consideration of a joint resolution of disapproval
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        if a joint resolution of disapproval relating to 
                        a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) 
                        proposing an action described in subsection 
                        (a)(2) passes both Houses of Congress in 
                        accordance with subsection (c), the President 
                        may not take that action for a period of 12 
                        calendar days after the date of passage of the 
                        joint resolution of disapproval.
                (5) Limitation on actions during congressional 
            reconsideration of a joint resolution of disapproval
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        if a joint resolution of disapproval relating to 
                        a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) 
                        proposing an action described in subsection 
                        (a)(2) passes both Houses of Congress in 
                        accordance with subsection (c), and the 
                        President vetoes the joint resolution, the 
                        President may not take that action for a period 
                        of 10 calendar days after the date of the 
                        President's veto.
                (6) Effect of enactment of a joint resolution of 
            disapproval 
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        if a joint resolution of disapproval relating to 
                        a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) 
                        proposing an action described in subsection 
                        (a)(2) is enacted in accordance with subsection 
                        (c), the President may not take that action.
            (c) Joint resolutions of disapproval or approval defined

            In this subsection:

                (1) Joint resolution of approval
                            The term ``joint resolution of approval'' 
                        means only a joint resolution of either House of 
                        Congress--

                                (A) the title of which is as follows: 
                            ``A joint resolution approving the 
                            President's proposal to take an action 
                            relating to the application of certain 
                            sanctions with respect to the Russian 
                            Federation.''; and

                                (B) the sole matter after the resolving 
                            clause of which is the following: ``Congress 
                            approves of the action relating to the 
                            application of sanctions imposed with 
                            respect to the Russian Federation proposed 
                            by the President in the report submitted to 
                            Congress under section 216(a)(1) of the 
                            Russia Sanctions Review Act of 2017 on_____ 
                            relating to_____.'', with the first blank 
                            space being filled with the appropriate date 
                            and the second blank space being filled with 
                            a short description of the proposed action.

                (2) Joint resolution of disapproval
                            The term ``joint resolution of disapproval'' 
                        means only a joint resolution of either House of 
                        Congress--

                                (A) the title of which is as follows: 
                            ``A joint resolution disapproving the 
                            President's proposal to take an action 
                            relating to the application of certain 
                            sanctions with respect to the Russian 
                            Federation.''; and

                                (B) the sole matter after the resolving 
                            clause of which is the following: ``Congress 
                            disapproves of the action relating to the 
                            application of sanctions imposed with 
                            respect to the Russian Federation proposed 
                            by the President in the report submitted to 
                            Congress under section 216(a)(1) of the 
                            Russia Sanctions Review Act of 2017 on_____ 
                            relating to_____.'', with the

[[Page 417]]

                            first blank space being filled with the 
                            appropriate date and the second blank space 
                            being filled with a short description of the 
                            proposed action.

                (3) Introduction
                            During the period of 30 calendar days 
                        provided for under subsection (b)(1), including 
                        any additional period as applicable under the 
                        exception provided in subsection (b)(2), a joint 
                        resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                        disapproval may be introduced--

                                (A) in the House of Representatives, by 
                            the majority leader or the minority leader; 
                            and

                                (B) in the Senate, by the majority 
                            leader (or the majority leader's designee) 
                            or the minority leader (or the minority 
                            leader's designee).

                (4) Floor consideration in House of Representatives
                            If a committee of the House of 
                        Representatives to which a joint resolution of 
                        approval or joint resolution of disapproval has 
                        been referred has not reported the joint 
                        resolution within 10 calendar days after the 
                        date of referral, that committee shall be 
                        discharged from further consideration of the 
                        joint resolution.
                (5) Consideration in the Senate
                            (A) Committee referral

                                A joint resolution of approval or joint 
                            resolution of disapproval introduced in the 
                            Senate shall be--

                                        (i) referred to the Committee on 
                                    Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 
                                    if the joint resolution relates to a 
                                    report under subsection (a)(3)(A) 
                                    that relates to an action that is 
                                    not intended to significantly alter 
                                    United States foreign policy with 
                                    regard to the Russian Federation; 
                                    and

                                        (ii) referred to the Committee 
                                    on Foreign Relations if the joint 
                                    resolution relates to a report under 
                                    subsection (a)(3)(B) that relates to 
                                    an action that is intended to 
                                    significantly alter United States 
                                    foreign policy with respect to the 
                                    Russian Federation.

                            (B) Reporting and discharge

                                If the committee to which a joint 
                            resolution of approval or joint resolution 
                            of disapproval was referred has not reported 
                            the joint resolution within 10 calendar days 
                            after the date of referral of the joint 
                            resolution, that committee shall be 
                            discharged from further consideration of the 
                            joint resolution and the joint resolution 
                            shall be placed on the appropriate calendar.

                            (C) Proceeding to consideration

                                Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the 
                            Standing Rules of the Senate, it is in order 
                            at any time after the Committee on Banking, 
                            Housing, and Urban Affairs or the Committee 
                            on Foreign Relations, as the case may be, 
                            reports a joint resolution of approval or 
                            joint resolution of disapproval to the 
                            Senate or has been discharged from 
                            consideration of such a joint resolution 
                            (even though a previous motion to the same 
                            effect has been disagreed to) to move to 
                            proceed to the consideration of the joint 
                            resolution, and all points of order against 
                            the joint resolution (and against 
                            consideration of the joint resolution) are 
                            waived. The motion to proceed is not 
                            debatable. The motion is not subject to a 
                            motion to postpone. A motion to reconsider 
                            the vote by

[[Page 418]]

                            which the motion is agreed to or disagreed 
                            to shall not be in order.

                            (D) Rulings of the chair on procedure

                                Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
                            relating to the application of the rules of 
                            the Senate, as the case may be, to the 
                            procedure relating to a joint resolution of 
                            approval or joint resolution of disapproval 
                            shall be decided without debate.

                            (E) Consideration of veto messages

                                Debate in the Senate of any veto message 
                            with respect to a joint resolution of 
                            approval or joint resolution of disapproval, 
                            including all debatable motions and appeals 
                            in connection with the joint resolution, 
                            shall be limited to 10 hours, to be equally 
                            divided between, and controlled by, the 
                            majority leader and the minority leader or 
                            their designees.

                (6) Rules relating to Senate and House of 
            Representatives
                            (A) Treatment of Senate joint resolution in 
                        House

                                In the House of Representatives, the 
                            following procedures shall apply to a joint 
                            resolution of approval or a joint resolution 
                            of disapproval received from the Senate 
                            (unless the House has already passed a joint 
                            resolution relating to the same proposed 
                            action):

                                        (i) The joint resolution shall 
                                    be referred to the appropriate 
                                    committees.

                                        (ii) If a committee to which a 
                                    joint resolution has been referred 
                                    has not reported the joint 
                                    resolution within 2 calendar days 
                                    after the date of referral, that 
                                    committee shall be discharged from 
                                    further consideration of the joint 
                                    resolution.

                                        (iii) Beginning on the third 
                                    legislative day after each committee 
                                    to which a joint resolution has been 
                                    referred reports the joint 
                                    resolution to the House or has been 
                                    discharged from further 
                                    consideration thereof, it shall be 
                                    in order to move to proceed to 
                                    consider the joint resolution in the 
                                    House. All points of order against 
                                    the motion are waived. Such a motion 
                                    shall not be in order after the 
                                    House has disposed of a motion to 
                                    proceed on the joint resolution. The 
                                    previous question shall be 
                                    considered as ordered on the motion 
                                    to its adoption without intervening 
                                    motion. The motion shall not be 
                                    debatable. A motion to reconsider 
                                    the vote by which the motion is 
                                    disposed of shall not be in order.

                                        (iv) The joint resolution shall 
                                    be considered as read. All points of 
                                    order against the joint resolution 
                                    and against its consideration are 
                                    waived. The previous question shall 
                                    be considered as ordered on the 
                                    joint resolution to final passage 
                                    without intervening motion except 2 
                                    hours of debate equally divided and 
                                    controlled by the sponsor of the 
                                    joint resolution (or a designee) and 
                                    an opponent. A motion to reconsider 
                                    the vote on passage of the joint 
                                    resolution shall not be in order.

                            (B) Treatment of House joint resolution in 
                        Senate

                                        (i) If, before the passage by 
                                    the Senate of a joint resolution of 
                                    approval or joint resolution of 
                                    disapproval, the Sen

[[Page 419]]

                                    ate receives an identical joint 
                                    resolution from the House of 
                                    Representatives, the following 
                                    procedures shall apply:

                                          (I) That joint resolution 
                                    shall not be referred to a 
                                    committee.

                                          (II) With respect to that 
                                    joint resolution--

                                            (aa) the procedure in the 
                                    Senate shall be the same as if no 
                                    joint resolution had been received 
                                    from the House of Representatives; 
                                    but

                                            (bb) the vote on passage 
                                    shall be on the joint resolution 
                                    from the House of Representatives.

                                        (ii) If, following passage of a 
                                    joint resolution of approval or 
                                    joint resolution of disapproval in 
                                    the Senate, the Senate receives an 
                                    identical joint resolution from the 
                                    House of Representatives, that joint 
                                    resolution shall be placed on the 
                                    appropriate Senate calendar.

                                        (iii) If a joint resolution of 
                                    approval or a joint resolution of 
                                    disapproval is received from the 
                                    House, and no companion joint 
                                    resolution has been introduced in 
                                    the Senate, the Senate procedures 
                                    under this subsection shall apply to 
                                    the House joint resolution.

                            (C) Application to revenue measures

                                The provisions of this paragraph shall 
                            not apply in the House of Representatives to 
                            a joint resolution of approval or joint 
                            resolution of disapproval that is a revenue 
                            measure.

                (7) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                            This subsection is enacted by Congress--

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and the House of 
                            Representatives, respectively, and as such 
                            is deemed a part of the rules of each House, 
                            respectively, and supersedes other rules 
                            only to the extent that it is inconsistent 
                            with such rules; and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                            same manner, and to the same extent as in 
                            the case of any other rule of that House.

            (d) Appropriate congressional committees and leadership 
                defined
                In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional 
            committees and leadership'' means--
                            (1) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
                        Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
                        Relations, and the majority and minority leaders 
                        of the Senate; and
                            (2) the Committee on Financial Services, the 
                        Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Speaker, 
                        the majority leader, and the minority leader of 
                        the House of Representatives. (Pub. L. 115-44, 
                        Title II, Sec. 216, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 
                        900.)
                          26 u.s.c.--internal revenue code

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 420]]
 
                           TITLE 26--INTERNAL REVENUE CODE

            
                   Chapter 95--PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND

       377  Sec. 9009. Reports to Congress; regulations
            (a) Reports
                The Commission shall, as soon as practicable after each 
            presidential election, submit a full report to the Senate 
            and House of Representatives setting forth--
                            (1) the qualified campaign expenses (shown 
                        in such detail as the Commission determines 
                        necessary) incurred by the candidates of each 
                        political party and their authorized committees;
                            (2) the amounts certified by it under 
                        section 9005 for payment to the eligible 
                        candidates of each political party; and
                            (3) the amount of payments, if any, required 
                        from such candidates under section 9007, and the 
                        reasons for each payment required.

            Each report submitted pursuant to this section shall be 
            printed as a Senate document.

            (b) Regulations, etc.
                The Commission is authorized to prescribe such rules and 
            regulations in accordance with the provisions of subsection 
            (c), to conduct such examinations and audits (in addition to 
            the examinations and audits required by section 9007(a)), to 
            conduct such investigations, and to require the keeping and 
            submission of such books, records, and information, as it 
            deems necessary to carry out the functions and duties 
            imposed on it by this chapter.
            (c) Review of regulations
                (1) The Commission, before prescribing any rule or 
            regulation under subsection (b), shall transmit a statement 
            with respect to such rule or regulation to the Senate and to 
            the House of Representatives, in accordance with the 
            provisions of this subsection. Such statement shall set 
            forth the proposed rule or regulation and shall contain a 
            detailed explanation and justification of such rule or 
            regulation.
                (2) If either such House does not, through appropriate 
            action, disapprove the proposed rule or regulation set forth 
            in such statement no later than 30 legislative days after 
            receipt of such statement, then the Commission may prescribe 
            such rule or regulation. Whenever a committee of the House 
            of Representatives reports any resolution relating to any 
            such rule or regulation, it is at any time thereafter in 
            order (even though a previous motion to the same effect has 
            been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration 
            of the resolution. The motion is highly privileged and is 
            not debatable. An amendment to the motion is not in order, 
            and it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by 
            which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to. The 
            Commission may not prescribe any rule or regulation which is 
            disapproved by either such House under this paragraph.

[[Page 421]]

                (3) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``legislative days'' does not include any calendar day on 
            which both Houses of the Congress are not in session.
                (4) For purposes of this subsection, the term ``rule or 
            regulation'' means a provision or series of interrelated 
            provisions stating a single separable rule of law. (Added 
            Pub. L. 92-178, Title VIII, Sec. 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 
            Stat. 569; amended Pub. L. 93-443, Title IV, 
            Sec. Sec. 404(c)(12), (13), 406(b)(1), 409, Oct. 15, 1974, 
            88 Stat. 1292, 1293, 1296, 1303; Pub. L. 94-283, Title III, 
            Sec. 304(a), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 113-94, 
            Sec. 2(c)(1), Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1085.)
            
              Chapter 96--PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY MATCHING PAYMENT ACCOUNT

       378  Sec. 9039. Reports to Congress; regulations
            (a) Reports
                The Commission shall, as soon as practicable after each 
            matching payment period, submit a full report to the Senate 
            and House of Representatives setting forth--
                            (1) the qualified campaign expenses (shown 
                        in such detail as the Commission determines 
                        necessary) incurred by the candidates of each 
                        political party and their authorized committees,
                            (2) the amounts certified by it under 
                        section 9036 for payment to each eligible 
                        candidate, and
                            (3) the amount of payments, if any, required 
                        from candidates under section 9038, and the 
                        reasons for each payment required.

            Each report submitted pursuant to this section shall be 
            printed as a Senate document.

            (b) Regulations, etc.
                The Commission is authorized to prescribe rules and 
            regulations in accordance with the provisions of subsection 
            (c), to conduct examinations and audits (in addition to the 
            examinations and audits required by section 9038(a)), to 
            conduct investigations, and to require the keeping and 
            submission of any books, records, and information, which it 
            determines to be necessary to carry out its responsibilities 
            under this chapter.
            (c) Review of regulations
                (1) The Commission, before prescribing any rule or 
            regulation under subsection (b), shall transmit a statement 
            with respect to such rule or regulation to the Senate and to 
            the House of Representatives, in accordance with the 
            provisions of this subsection. Such statement shall set 
            forth the proposed rule or regulation and shall contain a 
            detailed explanation and justification of such rule or 
            regulation.
                (2) If either such House does not, through appropriate 
            action, disapprove the proposed rule or regulation set forth 
            in such statement no later than 30 legislative days after 
            receipt of such statement, then the Commission may prescribe 
            such rule or regulation. Whenever a committee of the House 
            of Representatives reports any resolution relating to any 
            such rule or regulation, it is at any time thereafter in 
            order (even though a previous motion to the same effect has 
            been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration 
            of the resolution. The motion is highly privileged and is 
            not debatable. An amendment to the motion is not in order, 
            and it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote

[[Page 422]]

            by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to. The 
            Commission may not prescribe any rule or regulation which is 
            disapproved by either such House under this paragraph.
                (3) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``legislative days'' does not include any calendar day on 
            which both Houses of the Congress are not in session.
                (4) For purposes of this subsection, the term ``rule or 
            regulation'' means a provision or series of interrelated 
            provisions stating a single separable rule of law. (Added 
            Pub. L. 93-443, Title IV, Sec. 408(c), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 
            Stat. 1301; amended Pub. L. 94-283, Title III, Sec. 304(b), 
            May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 499.)
                                  29 u.s.c.--labor

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 423]]
 
                                   TITLE 29--LABOR

            
               Chapter 18--EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY PROGRAM

       379  Sec. 1306. Premium rates

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Revised schedule; Congressional procedures applicable
                (1) In order to place a revised schedule (other than a 
            schedule described in subsection (a)(2)(C), (D), or (E)) in 
            effect, the corporation shall transmit the proposed 
            schedule, its proposed effective date, and the reasons for 
            its proposal to the Committee on Ways and Means and the 
            Committee on Education and Labor of the House of 
            Representatives, and to the Committee on Finance and the 
            Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate.
                (2) The succeeding paragraphs of this subsection are 
            enacted by Congress as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
            of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
            respectively, and as such they shall be deemed a part of the 
            rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with 
            respect to the procedure to be followed in that House in the 
            case of resolutions described in paragraph (3). They shall 
            supersede other rules only to the extent that they are 
            inconsistent therewith. They are enacted with full 
            recognition of the constitutional right of either House to 
            change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
            that House) at any time, in the same manner and to the same 
            extent as in the case of any rule of that House.
                (3) For the purpose of the succeeding paragraphs of this 
            subsection, ``resolution'' means only a joint resolution, 
            the matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
            follows: ``The proposed revised schedule transmitted to 
            Congress by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation on_____ 
            is hereby approved.'', the blank space therein being filled 
            with the date on which the corporation's message proposing 
            the rate was delivered.
                (4) A resolution shall be referred to the Committee on 
            Ways and Means and the Committee on Education and Labor of 
            the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Finance 
            and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the 
            Senate.
                (5) If a committee to which has been referred a 
            resolution has not reported it before the expiration of 10 
            calendar days after its introduction, it shall then (but not 
            before) be in order to move to discharge the committee from 
            further consideration of that resolution, or to discharge 
            the committee from further consideration of any other 
            resolution with respect to the proposed adjustment which has 
            been referred to the committee. The motion to discharge may 
            be made only by a person favoring the resolution, shall be 
            highly privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported a resolution with respect to the same 
            proposed rate), and debate thereon shall be limited to not 
            more than 1 hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
            the motion is

[[Page 424]]

            not in order, and it is not in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to. 
            If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed to, the 
            motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the committee be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same proposed rate.
                (6) When a committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of a resolution, it is 
            at any time thereafter in order (even though a previous 
            motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to 
            proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The motion 
            is highly privileged and is not debatable. An amendment to 
            the motion is not in order, and it is not in order to move 
            to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to. Debate on the resolution shall be limited to 
            not more than 10 hours, which shall be divided equally 
            between those favoring and those opposing the resolution. A 
            motion further to limit debate is not debatable. An 
            amendment to, or motion to recommit, the resolution is not 
            in order, and it is not in order to move to reconsider the 
            vote by which the resolution is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (7) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee, or the consideration of, a 
            resolution and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business shall be decided without debate. Appeals from 
            the decisions of the Chair relating to the application of 
            the rules of the Senate or the House of Representatives, as 
            the case may be, to the procedure relating to a resolution 
            shall be decided without debate. (Pub. L. 93-406, Title IV, 
            Sec. 4006, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 1010; Pub. L. 96-364, 
            Title I, Sec. 105, Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1264; Pub. L. 
            99-272, Title XI, Sec. 11005(a)-(c)(3), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 
            Stat. 240-242; Pub. L. 100-203, Title IX, Sec. 9331(a), (b), 
            (e), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330-367, 1330-368; Pub. L. 
            101-239, Title VII, Sec. 7881(h), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 
            2442; Pub. L. 101-508, Title XII, Sec. 12021(a), (b), Nov. 
            5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-573; Pub. L. 103-465, Title VII, 
            Sec. 774(a)(1), (b)(1), (2), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 5045 , 
            5046; Pub. L. 107-147, Title IV, Sec. 405(c), Mar. 9, 2002, 
            116 Stat. 43; Pub. L. 108-218, Title I, Sec. 101(a)(4), Apr. 
            10, 2004, 118 Stat. 597; Pub. L. 108-311, Title IV, 
            Sec. 403(d), Oct. 4, 2004, 118 Stat. 1187; Pub. L. 109-171, 
            Title VIII, Sec. 8101(a)-(c), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 180-
            182; Pub. L. 109-280, Title III, Sec. 301(a)(3), Title IV, 
            Sec. Sec. 401(a)(1), (b)(1), (2)(A), 405(a), Aug. 17, 2006, 
            120 Stat. 919, 922, 928; Pub. L. 110-458, Title I, 
            Sec. 104(a), Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5104; Pub. L. 112-141, 
            div. D, Title II, Sec. Sec. 40211(b)(3)(C), 40221, 40222, 
            July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 849-852; Pub. L. 113-67, div. A, 
            Title VII, Sec. 703(a)-(d), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1190, 
            1191; Pub. L. 113-235, div. O, Title I, Sec. 131(a), Dec. 
            16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2796; Pub. L. 114-74, Title V, 
            Sec. 501(a)-(b)(2), Nov. 2, 2015, 129 Stat. 591, 592; Pub. 
            L. 116-94, div. O, Title II, Sec. 206, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 
            Stat. 3174.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       380  Sec. 1322a. Multiemployer plan benefits guaranteed

                                    * * * * * * *

            (f) Study, report, etc., respecting premium increase in 
                existing basic-benefit guarantee levels; Congressional 
                procedures applicable for revision of schedules
                (1) No later than 5 years after September 26, 1980, and 
            at least every fifth year thereafter, the corporation 
            shall--

[[Page 425]]

                            (A) conduct a study to determine--

                                (i) the premiums needed to maintain the 
                            basic-benefit guarantee levels for 
                            multiemployer plans described in subsection 
                            (c), and

                                (ii) whether the basic-benefit guarantee 
                            levels for multiemployer plans may be 
                            increased without increasing the basic-
                            benefit premiums for multiemployer plans 
                            under this subchapter; and

                            (B) report such determinations to the 
                        Committee on Ways and Means and the Committee on 
                        Education and Labor of the House of 
                        Representatives and to the Committee on Finance 
                        and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources 
                        of the Senate.
                (2)(A) If the last report described in paragraph (1) 
            indicates that a premium increase is necessary to support 
            the existing basic-benefit guarantee levels for 
            multiemployer plans, the corporation shall transmit to the 
            Committee on Ways and Means and the Committee on Education 
            and Labor of the House of Representatives and to the 
            Committee on Finance and the Committee on Labor and Human 
            Resources of the Senate by March 31 of any calendar year in 
            which congressional action under this subsection is 
            requested--
                            (i) a revised schedule of basic-benefit 
                        guarantees for multiemployer plans which would 
                        be necessary in the absence of an increase in 
                        premiums approved in accordance with section 
                        1306(b) of this title,
                            (ii) a revised schedule of basic-benefit 
                        premiums for multiemployer plans which is 
                        necessary to support the existing basic-benefit 
                        guarantees for such plans, and
                            (iii) a revised schedule of basic-benefit 
                        guarantees for multiemployer plans for which the 
                        schedule of premiums necessary is higher than 
                        the existing premium schedule for such plans but 
                        lower than the revised schedule of premiums for 
                        such plans specified in clause (ii), together 
                        with such schedule of premiums.
                (B) The revised schedule of increased premiums referred 
            to in subparagraph (A)(ii) or (A)(iii) shall go into effect 
            as approved by the enactment of a joint resolution.
                (C) If an increase in premiums is not so enacted, the 
            revised guarantee schedule described in subparagraph (A)(i) 
            shall go into effect on the first day of the second calendar 
            year following the year in which such revised guarantee 
            schedule was submitted to the Congress.
                (3)(A) If the last report described in paragraph (1) 
            indicates that basic-benefit guarantees for multiemployer 
            plans can be increased without increasing the basic-benefit 
            premiums for multiemployer plans under this subchapter, the 
            corporation shall submit to the Committee on Ways and Means 
            and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of 
            Representatives and to the Committee on Finance and the 
            Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate by 
            March 31 of the calendar year in which congressional action 
            under this paragraph is requested--
                            (i) a revised schedule of increases in the 
                        basic-benefit guarantees which can be supported 
                        by the existing schedule of basic-benefit 
                        premiums for multiemployer plans, and
                            (ii) a revised schedule of basic-benefit 
                        premiums sufficient to support the existing 
                        basic-benefit guarantees.

[[Page 426]]

                (B) The revised schedules referred to in subparagraph 
            (A)(i) or subparagraph (A)(ii) shall go into effect as 
            approved by the enactment of a joint resolution.
                (4)(A) The succeeding subparagraphs of this paragraph 
            are enacted by the Congress as an exercise of the rulemaking 
            power of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
            respectively, and as such they shall be deemed a part of the 
            rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with 
            respect to the procedure to be followed in that House in the 
            case of joint resolutions (as defined in subparagraph (B)). 
            Such subparagraphs shall supersede other rules only to the 
            extent that they are inconsistent therewith. They are 
            enacted with full recognition of the constitutional right of 
            either House to change the rules (so far as relating to the 
            procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
            and to the same extent as in the case of any rule of that 
            House.
                (B) For purposes of this subsection, ``joint 
            resolution'' means only a joint resolution, the matter after 
            the resolving clause of which is as follows: ``The proposed 
            schedule described in transmitted to the Congress by the 
            Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation on is hereby 
            approved.'', the first blank space therein being filled with 
            ``section 4022A(f)(2)(A)(ii) of the Employee Retirement 
            Income Security Act of 1974'', ``section 4022A(f)(2)(A)(iii) 
            of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974'', 
            ``section 4022A(f)(3)(A)(i) of the Employee Retirement 
            Income Security Act of 1974'', or ``section 
            4022A(f)(3)(A)(ii) of the Employee Retirement Income 
            Security Act of 1974'' (whichever is applicable), and the 
            second blank space therein being filled with the date on 
            which the corporation's message proposing the revision was 
            submitted.
                (C) The procedure for disposition of a joint resolution 
            shall be the procedure described in section 1306(b)(4) 
            through (7) of this title.
            (g) Guarantee of payment of other classes of benefits and 
                establishment of terms and conditions of guarantee; 
                promulgation of regulations for establishment of 
                supplemental program to guarantee benefits otherwise 
                ineligible; status of benefits; applicability of revised 
                schedule of premiums
                (1) The corporation may guarantee the payment of such 
            other classes of benefits under multiemployer plans, and 
            establish the terms and conditions under which those other 
            classes of benefits are guaranteed, as it determines to be 
            appropriate.
                (2)(A) The corporation shall prescribe regulations to 
            establish a supplemental program to guarantee benefits under 
            multiemployer plans which would be guaranteed under this 
            section but for the limitations in subsection (c). Such 
            regulations shall be proposed by the corporation no later 
            than the end of the 18th calendar month following September 
            26, 1980. The regulations shall make coverage under the 
            supplemental program available no later than January 1, 
            1983. Any election to participate in the supplemental 
            program shall be on a voluntary basis, and a plan electing 
            such coverage shall continue to pay the premiums required 
            under section 1306(a)(2)(B) of this title to the revolving 
            fund used pursuant to section 1305 of this title in 
            connection with benefits otherwise guaranteed under this 
            section. Any such election shall be irrevocable, except to 
            the extent otherwise provided by regulations prescribed by 
            the corporation.
                (B) The regulations prescribed under this paragraph 
            shall provide--

[[Page 427]]

                            (i) that a plan must elect coverage under 
                        the supplemental program within the time 
                        permitted by the regulations;
                            (ii) unless the corporation determines 
                        otherwise, that a plan may not elect 
                        supplemental coverage unless the value of the 
                        assets of the plan as of the end of the plan 
                        year preceding the plan year in which the 
                        election must be made is an amount equal to 15 
                        times the total amount of the benefit payments 
                        made under the plan for that year; and
                            (iii) such other reasonable terms and 
                        conditions for supplemental coverage, including 
                        funding standards and any other reasonable 
                        limitations with respect to plans or benefits 
                        covered or to means of program financing, as the 
                        corporation determines are necessary and 
                        appropriate for a feasible supplemental program 
                        consistent with the purposes of this subchapter.
                (3) Any benefits guaranteed under this subsection shall 
            be considered nonbasic benefits for purposes of this 
            subchapter.
                (4)(A) No revised schedule of premiums under this 
            subsection, after the initial schedule, shall go into effect 
            unless--
                            (i) the revised schedule is submitted to the 
                        Congress, and
                            (ii) a joint resolution described in 
                        subparagraph (B) is not enacted before the close 
                        of the 60th legislative day after such schedule 
                        is submitted to the Congress.
                (B) For purposes of subparagraph (A), a joint resolution 
            described in this subparagraph is a joint resolution the 
            matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: 
            ``The revised premium schedule transmitted to the Congress 
            by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation under section 
            4022A(g)(4) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act 
            of 1974 on ______ is hereby disapproved.'', the blank space 
            therein being filled with the date on which the revised 
            schedule was submitted.
                (C) For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term 
            ``legislative day'' means any calendar day other than a day 
            on which either House is not in session because of a sine 
            die adjournment or an adjournment of more than 3 days to a 
            day certain.
                (D) The procedure for disposition of a joint resolution 
            described in subparagraph (B) shall be the procedure 
            described in paragraphs (4) through (7) of section 1306(b) 
            of this title.
                (5) Regulations prescribed by the corporation to carry 
            out the provisions of this subsection, may, to the extent 
            provided therein, supersede the requirements of sections 
            1426, 1431, and 1441 of this title, and the requirements of 
            section 418E of title 26, but only with respect to benefits 
            guaranteed under this subsection. (Pub. L. 93-406, Title IV, 
            Sec. 4022A, as added Pub. L. 96-364, Title I, Sec. 102, 
            Sept. 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 1210; amended Pub. L. 99-272, Title 
            XI, Sec. 11005(c)(4)-(12), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 242; Pub. 
            L. 101-239, Title VII, Sec. Sec. 7891(a)(1), 7893(b), 
            7894(g)(3)(C)(i), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2445, 2447, 2451; 
            Pub. L. 106-554, Sec. 1(a)(6) [Title IX, Sec. 951(a)], Dec. 
            21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-586; Pub. L. 113-235, div. 
            O, Title I, Sec. 110(a), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2792.)

                                    * * * * * * *
                            31 u.s.c.--money and finance

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[[Page 428]]
 
                             TITLE 31--MONEY AND FINANCE

            
               Chapter 11--THE BUDGET AND FISCAL, BUDGET, AND PROGRAM 
                                    INFORMATION

       381  Sec. 1105. Budget contents and submission to Congress

                                    * * * * * * *

                (h)(1) If there is a medicare funding warning under 
            section 801(a)(2) of the Medicare Prescription Drug, 
            Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 made in a year, 
            the President shall submit to Congress, within the 15-day 
            period beginning on the date of the budget submission to 
            Congress under subsection (a) for the succeeding year, 
            proposed legislation to respond to such warning.
                (2) Paragraph (1) does not apply if, during the year in 
            which the warning is made, legislation is enacted which 
            eliminates excess general revenue medicare funding (as 
            defined in section 801(c) of the Medicare Prescription Drug, 
            Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003) for the 7-
            fiscal-year reporting period, as certified by the Board of 
            Trustees of each medicare trust fund (as defined in section 
            801(c)(5) of such Act) not later than 30 days after the date 
            of the enactment of such legislation.

                                    * * * * * * *

       382  Sec. 1105 note. Procedures in the Senate
                ``(a) Introduction and Referral of President's 
            Legislative Proposal.--
                            ``(1) Introduction.--In the case of a 
                        legislative proposal submitted by the President 
                        pursuant to section 1105(h) of title 31, United 
                        States Code, within the 15-day period specified 
                        in paragraph (1) of such section, the Majority 
                        Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate (or 
                        their designees) shall introduce such proposal 
                        (by request), the title of which is as follows: 
                        `A bill to respond to a medicare funding 
                        warning.' Such bill shall be introduced within 3 
                        days of session after Congress receives such 
                        proposal.
                            ``(2) Referral.--Any legislation introduced 
                        pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be referred to 
                        the Committee on Finance.
                ``(b) Medicare Funding Legislation.--For purposes of 
            this section, the term `medicare funding legislation' 
            means--
                            ``(1) legislation introduced pursuant to 
                        subsection (a)(1), but only if the legislative 
                        proposal upon which the legislation is based was 
                        submitted within the 15-day period referred to 
                        in such subsection; or
                            ``(2) any bill the title of which is as 
                        follows: `A bill to respond to a medicare 
                        funding warning.'.
                ``(c) Qualification for Special Procedures.--
                            ``(1) In general.--The special procedures 
                        set forth in subsections (d) and (e) shall apply 
                        to medicare funding legislation, as described in 
                        subsection (b), only if the legislation--

                                ``(A) is medicare funding legislation 
                            that is passed by the House of 
                            Representatives; or

                                ``(B) contains matter within the 
                            jurisdiction of the Committee on Finance in 
                            the Senate.

[[Page 429]]

                            ``(2) Failure to qualify for special 
                        procedures.--If the medicare funding legislation 
                        does not satisfy paragraph (1), then the 
                        legislation shall be considered under the 
                        ordinary procedures of the Standing Rules of the 
                        Senate.
                ``(d) Discharge.--
                            ``(1) In general.--If the Committee on 
                        Finance has not reported medicare funding 
                        legislation described in subsection (c)(1) by 
                        June 30 of a year in which the President is 
                        required to submit medicare funding legislation 
                        to Congress under section 1105(h) of title 31, 
                        United States Code, then any Senator may move to 
                        discharge the Committee of any single medicare 
                        funding legislation measure. Only one such 
                        motion shall be in order in any session of 
                        Congress.
                            ``(2) Debate limits.--Debate in the Senate 
                        on any such motion to discharge, and all appeals 
                        in connection therewith, shall be limited to not 
                        more than 2 hours. The time shall be equally 
                        divided between, and controlled by, the maker of 
                        the motion and the Majority Leader, or their 
                        designees, except that in the event the Majority 
                        Leader is in favor of such motion, the time in 
                        opposition thereto shall be controlled by the 
                        Minority Leader or the Minority Leader's 
                        designee. A point of order under this subsection 
                        may be made at any time. It is not in order to 
                        move to proceed to another measure or matter 
                        while such motion (or the motion to reconsider 
                        such motion) is pending.
                            ``(3) Amendments.--No amendment to the 
                        motion to discharge shall be in order.
                            ``(4) Exception if certified legislation 
                        enacted.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), it 
                        shall not be in order to discharge the Committee 
                        from further consideration of medicare funding 
                        legislation pursuant to this subsection during a 
                        session of a Congress if the chairman of the 
                        Committee on the Budget of the Senate certifies 
                        that medicare funding legislation has been 
                        enacted that eliminates excess general revenue 
                        medicare funding (as defined in section 801(c) 
                        [set out as a note under section 1395i of Title 
                        42, The Public Health and Welfare]) for each 
                        fiscal year in the 7-fiscal-year reporting 
                        period.
                ``(e) Consideration.--After the date on which the 
            Committee on Finance has reported medicare funding 
            legislation described in subsection (c)(1), or has been 
            discharged (under subsection (d)) from further consideration 
            of, such legislation, it is in order (even though a previous 
            motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) for any 
            Member of the Senate to move to proceed to the consideration 
            of such legislation.
                ``(f) Rules of the Senate.--This section is enacted by 
            the Senate--
                            ``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of the Senate, but applicable only 
                        with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                        the Senate in the case of a bill described in 
                        this paragraph, and it supersedes other rules 
                        only to the extent that it is inconsistent with 
                        such rules; and
                            ``(2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change the 
                        rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        the Senate) at any time, in the same manner, and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate.'' (Pub. L. 108-173, Title 
                        VIII, Sec. 804, Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2363.)
                            38 u.s.c.--veterans' benefits

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 430]]
 
                            TITLE 38--VETERANS' BENEFITS

            
            Chapter 17--HOSPITAL, NURSING HOME, DOMICILIARY, AND MEDICAL 
                                        CARE

       383  Sec. 1703E. Center for Innovation for Care and Payment
                (a) In General.--(1) There is established within the 
            Department a Center for Innovation for Care and Payment (in 
            this section referred to as the ``Center'').
                (2) The Secretary, acting through the Center, may carry 
            out such pilot programs the Secretary determines to be 
            appropriate to develop innovative approaches to testing 
            payment and service delivery models in order to reduce 
            expenditures while preserving or enhancing the quality of 
            care furnished by the Department.
                (3) The Secretary, acting through the Center, shall test 
            payment and service delivery models to determine whether 
            such models--
                            (A) improve access to, and quality, 
                        timeliness, and patient satisfaction of care and 
                        services; and
                            (B) create cost savings for the Department.
                (4)(A) The Secretary shall test a model in a location 
            where the Secretary determines that the model will addresses 
            deficits in care (including poor clinical outcomes or 
            potentially avoidable expenditures) for a defined 
            population.
                (B) The Secretary shall focus on models the Secretary 
            expects to reduce program costs while preserving or 
            enhancing the quality of care received by individuals 
            receiving benefits under this chapter.
                (C) The models selected may include those described in 
            section 1115A(b)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
            1315a(b)(2)(B)).
                (5) In selecting a model for testing, the Secretary may 
            consider, in addition to other factors identified in this 
            subsection, the following factors:
                            (A) Whether the model includes a regular 
                        process for monitoring and updating patient care 
                        plans in a manner that is consistent with the 
                        needs and preferences of individuals receiving 
                        benefits under this chapter.
                            (B) Whether the model places the individual 
                        receiving benefits under this chapter (including 
                        family members and other caregivers of such 
                        individual) at the center of the care team of 
                        such individual.
                            (C) Whether the model uses technology or new 
                        systems to coordinate care over time and across 
                        settings.
                            (D) Whether the model demonstrates effective 
                        linkage with other public sector payers, private 
                        sector payers, or statewide payment models.
                (6)(A) Models tested under this section may not be 
            designed in such a way that would allow the United States to 
            recover or collect reasonable charges from a Federal health 
            care program for care or services furnished by the Secretary 
            to a veteran under pilot programs carried out under this 
            section.

[[Page 431]]

                (B) In this paragraph, the term ``Federal health care 
            program'' means--

                                (i) an insurance program described in 
                            section 1811 of the Social Security Act (42 
                            U.S.C. 1395c) or established by section 1831 
                            of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395j);

                                (ii) a State plan for medical assistance 
                            approved under title XIX of such Act (42 
                            U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); or

                                (iii) a TRICARE program operated under 
                            sections 1075, 1075a, 1076, 1076a, 1076c, 
                            1076d, 1076e, or 1076f of title 10.

                (b) Duration.--Each pilot program carried out by the 
            Secretary under this section shall terminate no later than 5 
            years after the date of the commencement of the pilot 
            program.
                (c) Location.--The Secretary shall ensure that each 
            pilot program carried out under this section occurs in an 
            area or areas appropriate for the intended purposes of the 
            pilot program. To the extent practicable, the Secretary 
            shall ensure that the pilot programs are located in 
            geographically diverse areas of the United States.
                (d) Budget.--Funding for each pilot program carried out 
            by the Secretary under this section shall come from 
            appropriations--
                            (1) provided in advance in appropriations 
                        acts for the Veterans Health Administration; and
                            (2) provided for information technology 
                        systems.
                (e) Notice.--The Secretary shall--
                            (1) publish information about each pilot 
                        program under this section in the Federal 
                        Register; and
                            (2) take reasonable actions to provide 
                        direct notice to veterans eligible to 
                        participate in such pilot programs.
                (f) Waiver of Authorities.--(1) Subject to reporting 
            under paragraph (2) and approval under paragraph (3), in 
            implementing a pilot program under this section, the 
            Secretary may waive such requirements in subchapters I, II, 
            and III of this chapter as the Secretary determines 
            necessary solely for the purposes of carrying out this 
            section with respect to testing models described in 
            subsection (a).
                (2) Before waiving any authority under paragraph (1), 
            the Secretary shall submit to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, the minority leader of the House of 
            Representatives, the majority leader of the Senate, the 
            minority leader of the Senate, and each standing committee 
            with jurisdiction under the rules of the Senate and of the 
            House of Representatives to report a bill to amend the 
            provision or provisions of law that would be waived by the 
            Department, a report on a request for waiver that describes 
            in detail the following:
                            (A) The specific authorities to be waived 
                        under the pilot program.
                            (B) The standard or standards to be used in 
                        the pilot program in lieu of the waived 
                        authorities.
                            (C) The reasons for such waiver or waivers.
                            (D) A description of the metric or metrics 
                        the Secretary will use to determine the effect 
                        of the waiver or waivers upon the access to and 
                        quality, timeliness, or patient satisfaction of 
                        care and services furnished through the pilot 
                        program.
                            (E) The anticipated cost savings, if any, of 
                        the pilot program.
                            (F) The schedule for interim reports on the 
                        pilot program describing the results of the 
                        pilot program so far and the feasibility and 
                        advisability of continuing the pilot program.

[[Page 432]]

                            (G) The schedule for the termination of the 
                        pilot program and the submission of a final 
                        report on the pilot program describing the 
                        result of the pilot program and the feasibility 
                        and advisability of making the pilot program 
                        permanent.
                            (H) The estimated budget of the pilot 
                        program.
                (3)(A) Upon receipt of a report submitted under 
            paragraph (2), each House of Congress shall provide copies 
            of the report to the chairman and ranking member of each 
            standing committee with jurisdiction under the rules of the 
            House of Representatives or the Senate to report a bill to 
            amend the provision or provisions of law that would be 
            waived by the Department under this subsection.
                (B) The waiver requested by the Secretary under 
            paragraph (2) shall be considered approved under this 
            paragraph if there is enacted into law a joint resolution 
            approving such request in its entirety.
                (C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``joint 
            resolution'' means only a joint resolution which is 
            introduced within the period of five legislative days 
            beginning on the date on which the Secretary transmits the 
            report to the Congress under such paragraph (2), and--

                                (i) which does not have a preamble; and

                                (ii) the matter after the resolving 
                            clause of which is as follows: ``that 
                            Congress approves the request for a waiver 
                            under section 1703E(f) of title 38, United 
                            States Code, as submitted by the Secretary 
                            on_____'', the blank space being filled with 
                            the appropriate date.

                (D)(i) Any committee of the House of Representatives to 
            which a joint resolution is referred shall report it to the 
            House without amendment not later than 15 legislative days 
            after the date of introduction thereof. If a committee fails 
            to report the joint resolution within that period, the 
            committee shall be discharged from further consideration of 
            the joint resolution.
                (ii) It shall be in order at any time after the third 
            legislative day after each committee authorized to consider 
            a joint resolution has reported or has been discharged from 
            consideration of a joint resolution, to move to proceed to 
            consider the joint resolution in the House. All points of 
            order against the motion are waived. Such a motion shall not 
            be in order after the House has disposed of a motion to 
            proceed on a joint resolution addressing a particular 
            submission. The previous question shall be considered as 
            ordered on the motion to its adoption without intervening 
            motion. The motion shall not be debatable. A motion to 
            reconsider the vote by which the motion is disposed of shall 
            not be in order.
                (iii) The joint resolution shall be considered as read. 
            All points of order against the joint resolution and against 
            its consideration are waived. The previous question shall be 
            considered as ordered on the joint resolution to its passage 
            without intervening motion except two hours of debate 
            equally divided and controlled by the proponent and an 
            opponent. A motion to reconsider the vote on passage of the 
            joint resolution shall not be in order.
                (E)(i) A joint resolution introduced in the Senate shall 
            be referred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs.
                (ii) Any committee of the Senate to which a joint 
            resolution is referred shall report it to the Senate without 
            amendment not later than 15 session days after the date of 
            introduction of a joint resolution described

[[Page 433]]

            in paragraph (C). If a committee fails to report the joint 
            resolution within that period, the committee shall be 
            discharged from further consideration of the joint 
            resolution and the joint resolution shall be placed on the 
            calendar.
                (iii)(I) Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the Standing Rules 
            of the Senate, it is in order at any time after the third 
            session day on which the Committee on Veterans' Affairs has 
            reported or has been discharged from consideration of a 
            joint resolution described in paragraph (C) (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the joint 
            resolution, and all points of order against the joint 
            resolution (and against consideration of the joint 
            resolution) are waived. The motion to proceed is not 
            debatable. The motion is not subject to a motion to 
            postpone. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. 
            If a motion to proceed to the consideration of the 
            resolution is agreed to, the joint resolution shall remain 
            the unfinished business until disposed of.
                (II) Consideration of the joint resolution, and on all 
            debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall 
            be limited to not more than two hours, which shall be 
            divided equally between the majority and minority leaders or 
            their designees. A motion further to limit debate is in 
            order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a motion to 
            postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, or a motion to recommit the joint resolution 
            is not in order.
                (III) If the Senate has voted to proceed to a joint 
            resolution, the vote on passage of the joint resolution 
            shall occur immediately following the conclusion of 
            consideration of the joint resolution, and a single quorum 
            call at the conclusion of the debate if requested in 
            accordance with the rules of the Senate.
                (IV) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate, as the case may 
            be, to the procedure relating to a joint resolution shall be 
            decided without debate.
                (F) A joint resolution considered pursuant to this 
            paragraph shall not be subject to amendment in either the 
            House of Representatives or the Senate.
                (G)(i) If, before the passage by one House of the joint 
            resolution of that House, that House receives the joint 
            resolution from the other House, then the following 
            procedures shall apply:
                            (I) The joint resolution of the other House 
                        shall not be referred to a committee.
                            (II) With respect to the joint resolution of 
                        the House receiving the joint resolution--

                                        (aa) the procedure in that House 
                                    shall be the same as if no joint 
                                    resolution had been received from 
                                    the other House; but

                                        (bb) the vote on passage shall 
                                    be on the joint resolution of the 
                                    other House.

                (ii) If the Senate fails to introduce or consider a 
            joint resolution under this paragraph, the joint resolution 
            of the House shall be entitled to expedited floor procedures 
            under this subparagraph.
                (iii) If, following passage of the joint resolution in 
            the Senate, the Senate then receives the companion measure 
            from the House of Representatives, the companion measure 
            shall not be debatable.

[[Page 434]]

                (H) This subparagraph is enacted by Congress--
                            (i) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of a joint 
                        resolution, and it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that it is inconsistent with such 
                        rules; and
                            (ii) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 115-182, 
                        Title I, Sec. 152(a), June 6, 2018, 132 Stat. 
                        1432.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
               Chapter 81--ACQUISITION AND OPERATION OF HOSPITAL AND 
           DOMICILIARY FACILITIES; PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY; ENHANCED-USE 
                              LEASES OF REAL PROPERTY

       384  38 U.S.C. 8122 note. VA asset and infrastructure review

                                    * * * * * * *

                ``SEC. 204. ACTIONS REGARDING INFRASTRUCTURE AND 
            FACILITIES OF THE VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION.
                ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), the 
            Secretary shall begin to implement the recommended 
            modernizations and realignments in the report under section 
            203(d) not later than 3 years after the date on which the 
            President transmits such report to Congress. In any fiscal 
            year, such implementation includes--
                            ``(1) the planning of modernizations and 
                        realignments of facilities of the Veterans 
                        Health Administration as recommended in such 
                        report; and
                            ``(2) providing detailed information on the 
                        budget for such modernizations or realignments 
                        in documents submitted to Congress by the 
                        Secretary in support of the President's budget 
                        for that fiscal year.
                ``(b) Congressional Disapproval.--
                            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may not 
                        carry out any modernization or realignment 
                        recommended by the Commission in a report 
                        transmitted from the President pursuant to 
                        section 203(d) if a joint resolution is enacted, 
                        in accordance with the provisions of section 
                        207, disapproving such recommendations of the 
                        Commission before the earlier of--

                                ``(A) the end of the 45-day period 
                            beginning on the date on which the President 
                            transmits such report; or

                                ``(B) the adjournment of Congress sine 
                            die for the session during which such report 
                            is transmitted.

                            ``(2) Computation of period.--For purposes 
                        of paragraph (1) and subsections (a) and (c) of 
                        section 207, the days on which either House of 
                        Congress is not in session because of an 
                        adjournment of more than three days to a day 
                        certain shall be excluded in the computation of 
                        a period.

                                    * * * * * * *

[[Page 435]]

                ``SEC. 207. CONGRESSIONAL CONSIDERATION OF COMMISSION 
            REPORT.
                ``(a) Disapproval Resolution.--For purposes of this 
            subtitle, the term `joint resolution' means only a joint 
            resolution which is introduced within the 5-day period 
            beginning on the date on which the President transmits the 
            report to the Congress under section 203(d), and--
                            ``(1) which does not have a preamble;
                            ``(2) the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is as follows: `that Congress 
                        disapproves the recommendations of the VHA Asset 
                        and Infrastructure Review Commission as 
                        submitted by the President on_____', the blank 
                        space being filled with the appropriate date; 
                        and
                            ``(3) the title of which is as follows: 
                        `Joint resolution disapproving the 
                        recommendations of the VHA Asset and 
                        Infrastructure Review Commission.'.
                ``(b) Consideration in the House of Representatives.--
                            ``(1) Reporting and discharge.--Any 
                        committee of the House of Representatives to 
                        which a joint resolution is referred shall 
                        report it to the House without amendment not 
                        later than 15 legislative days after the date of 
                        introduction thereof. If a committee fails to 
                        report the joint resolution within that period, 
                        the committee shall be discharged from further 
                        consideration of the joint resolution.
                            ``(2) Proceeding to consideration.--It shall 
                        be in order at any time after the third 
                        legislative day after each committee authorized 
                        to consider a joint resolution has reported or 
                        has been discharged from consideration of a 
                        joint resolution, to move to proceed to consider 
                        the joint resolution in the House.
                            All points of order against the motion are 
                        waived. Such a motion shall not be in order 
                        after the House has disposed of a motion to 
                        proceed on a joint resolution addressing a 
                        particular submission. The previous question 
                        shall be considered as ordered on the motion to 
                        its adoption without intervening motion. The 
                        motion shall not be debatable. A motion to 
                        reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
                        disposed of shall not be in order.
                            ``(3) Consideration.--The joint resolution 
                        shall be considered as read. All points of order 
                        against the joint resolution and against its 
                        consideration are waived. The previous question 
                        shall be considered as ordered on the joint 
                        resolution to its passage without intervening 
                        motion except 2 hours of debate equally divided 
                        and controlled by the proponent and an opponent. 
                        A motion to reconsider the vote on passage of 
                        the joint resolution shall not be in order.
                ``(c) Consideration in the Senate.--
                            ``(1) Referral.--A joint resolution 
                        introduced in the Senate shall be referred to 
                        the Committee on Veterans' Affairs.
                            ``(2) Reporting and discharge.--Any 
                        committee of the Senate to which a joint 
                        resolution is referred shall report it to the 
                        Senate without amendment not later than 15 
                        session days after the date of introduction of a 
                        joint resolution described in subsection (a). If 
                        a committee fails to report the joint resolution 
                        within that period, the committee shall be 
                        discharged from further consideration of the 
                        joint resolution and the joint resolution shall 
                        be placed on the calendar.
                            ``(3) Floor consideration.--

[[Page 436]]

                                ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding Rule 
                            XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, it 
                            is in order at any time after the third 
                            session day on which the Committee on 
                            Veterans' Affairs has reported or has been 
                            discharged from consideration of a joint 
                            resolution described in subsection (a) (even 
                            though a previous motion to the same effect 
                            has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to 
                            the consideration of the joint resolution, 
                            and all points of order against the joint 
                            resolution (and against consideration of the 
                            joint resolution) are waived. The motion to 
                            proceed is not debatable. The motion is not 
                            subject to a motion to postpone. A motion to 
                            reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
                            agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in 
                            order. If a motion to proceed to the 
                            consideration of the resolution is agreed 
                            to, the joint resolution shall remain the 
                            unfinished business until disposed of.

                                ``(B) Consideration.--Consideration of 
                            the joint resolution, and on all debatable 
                            motions and appeals in connection therewith, 
                            shall be limited to not more than 2 hours, 
                            which shall be divided equally between the 
                            majority and minority leaders or their 
                            designees. A motion further to limit debate 
                            is in order and not debatable. An amendment 
                            to, or a motion to postpone, or a motion to 
                            proceed to the consideration of other 
                            business, or a motion to recommit the joint 
                            resolution is not in order.

                                ``(C) Vote on passage.--If the Senate 
                            has voted to proceed to a joint resolution, 
                            the vote on passage of the joint resolution 
                            shall occur immediately following the 
                            conclusion of consideration of the joint 
                            resolution, and a single quorum call at the 
                            conclusion of the debate if requested in 
                            accordance with the rules of the Senate.

                                ``(D) Rulings of the chair on 
                            procedure.--Appeals from the decisions of 
                            the Chair relating to the application of the 
                            rules of the Senate, as the case may be, to 
                            the procedure relating to a joint resolution 
                            shall be decided without debate.

                ``(d) Amendment Not in Order.--A joint resolution of 
            disapproval considered pursuant to this section shall not be 
            subject to amendment in either the House of Representatives 
            or the Senate.
                ``(e) Coordination With Action by Other House.--
                            ``(1) In general.--If, before the passage by 
                        one House of the joint resolution of that House, 
                        that House receives the joint resolution from 
                        the other House, then the following procedures 
                        shall apply:

                                ``(A) The joint resolution of the other 
                            House shall not be referred to a committee.

                                ``(B) With respect to the joint 
                            resolution of the House receiving the joint 
                            resolution--

                                        ``(i) the procedure in that 
                                    House shall be the same as if no 
                                    joint resolution had been received 
                                    from the other House; but

                                        ``(ii) the vote on passage shall 
                                    be on the joint resolution of the 
                                    other House.

                            ``(2) Treatment of joint resolution of other 
                        house.--If the Senate fails to introduce or 
                        consider a joint resolution under this section, 
                        the joint resolution of the House shall be 
                        entitled to expedited floor procedures under 
                        this section.

[[Page 437]]

                            ``(3) Treatment of companion measures.--If, 
                        following passage of the joint resolution in the 
                        Senate, the Senate then receives the companion 
                        measure from the House of Representatives, the 
                        companion measure shall not be debatable.
                ``(f) Rules of the House of Representatives and 
            Senate.--This section is enacted by Congress--
                            ``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of a joint 
                        resolution, and it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that it is inconsistent with such 
                        rules; and
                            ``(2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House. (Pub. L. 115-182, 
                        Title II, Subtitle A, June 6, 2018, 132 Stat. 
                        1443.)
                      42 u.s.c.--the public health and welfare

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law


[[Page 438]]
 
                       TITLE 42--THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE

            
                Chapter 23--DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF ATOMIC ENERGY

       385  Sec. 2153. Cooperation with other nations
                No cooperation with any nation, group of nations or 
            regional defense organization pursuant to sections 2073, 
            2074(a), 2077, 2094, 2112, 2121, 2133, 2134, or 2164 of this 
            title shall be undertaken until--
                            (a) Terms, conditions, duration, nature, 
                        scope, and other requirements of proposed 
                        agreements for cooperation; Presidential 
                        exemptions; negotiations; Nuclear Proliferation 
                        Assessment Statement

                    the proposed agreement for cooperation has been 
                    submitted to the President, which proposed agreement 
                    shall include the terms, conditions, duration, 
                    nature, and scope of the cooperation; and shall 
                    include the following requirements * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

                            (b) Presidential approval and authorization 
                        for execution of proposed agreements for 
                        cooperation

                    the President has submitted text of the proposed 
                    agreement for cooperation (except an agreement 
                    arranged pursuant to section 2121(c), 2164(b), 
                    2164(c), or 2164(d) of this title), together with 
                    the accompanying unclassified Nuclear Proliferation 
                    Assessment Statement, to the Committee on Foreign 
                    Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
                    Affairs of the House of Representatives, the 
                    President has consulted with such Committees for a 
                    period of not less than thirty days of continuous 
                    session (as defined in section 2159(g) of this 
                    title) concerning the consistency of the terms of 
                    the proposed agreement with all the requirements of 
                    this chapter, and the President has approved and 
                    authorized the execution of the proposed agreement 
                    for cooperation and has made a determination in 
                    writing that the performance of the proposed 
                    agreement will promote, and will not constitute an 
                    unreasonable risk to, the common defense and 
                    security;
                            (c) Submittal of proposed agreements for 
                        cooperation to Congressional committees

                    the proposed agreement for cooperation (if not an 
                    agreement subject to subsection (d)), together with 
                    the approval and determination of the President, has 
                    been submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
                    of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                    Foreign Relations of the Senate for a period of 
                    thirty days of continuous session (as defined in 
                    section 2159(g) of this title): Provided, however, 
                    That these committees, after having received such 
                    agreement for cooperation, may by resolution in 
                    writing waive the conditions of all or any portion 
                    of such thirty-day period; and

[[Page 439]]

                            (d) Congressional action

                    the proposed agreement for cooperation (if arranged 
                    pursuant to section 2121(c), 2164(b), 2164(c), or 
                    2164(d) of this title, or if entailing 
                    implementation of section 2073, 2074(a), 2133, or 
                    2134 of this title in relation to a reactor that may 
                    be capable of producing more than five thermal 
                    megawatts or special nuclear material for use in 
                    connection therewith) has been submitted to the 
                    Congress, together with the approval and 
                    determination of the President, for a period of 
                    sixty days of continuous session (as defined in 
                    section 2159(g) of this title) and referred to the 
                    Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
                    Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
                    Relations of the Senate, and in addition, in the 
                    case of a proposed agreement for cooperation 
                    arranged pursuant to section 2121(c), 2164(b), 
                    2164(c), or 2164(d) of this title, the Committee on 
                    Armed Services of the House of Representatives and 
                    the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, but 
                    such proposed agreement for cooperation shall not 
                    become effective if during such sixty-day period the 
                    Congress adopts, and there is enacted, a joint 
                    resolution stating in substance that the Congress 
                    does not favor the proposed agreement for 
                    cooperation: Provided, That the sixty-day period 
                    shall not begin until a Nuclear Proliferation 
                    Assessment Statement prepared by the Secretary of 
                    State, and any annexes thereto, when required by 
                    subsection (a), have been submitted to the Congress: 
                    Provided further, That an agreement for cooperation 
                    exempted by the President pursuant to subsection (a) 
                    from any requirement contained in that subsection, 
                    or an agreement exempted pursuant to section 
                    8003(a)(1) of title 22, shall not become effective 
                    unless the Congress adopts, and there is enacted, a 
                    joint resolution stating that the Congress does 
                    favor such agreement. During the sixty-day period 
                    the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
                    Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
                    Relations of the Senate shall each hold hearings on 
                    the proposed agreement for cooperation and submit a 
                    report to their respective bodies recommending 
                    whether it should be approved or disapproved. Any 
                    such proposed agreement for cooperation shall be 
                    considered pursuant to the procedures set forth in 
                    section 2159(i) of this title.
                Following submission of a proposed agreement for 
            cooperation (except an agreement for cooperation arranged 
            pursuant to section 2121(c), 2164(b), 2164(c), or 2164(d) of 
            this title) to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
            of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
            the Senate, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the 
            Department of State, the Department of Energy, and the 
            Department of Defense shall, upon the request of either of 
            those committees, promptly furnish to those committees their 
            views as to whether the safeguards and other controls 
            contained therein provide an adequate framework to ensure 
            that any exports as contemplated by such agreement will not 
            be inimical to or constitute an unreasonable risk to the 
            common defense and security.If, after March 10, 1978, the 
            Congress fails to disapprove a proposed agreement for 
            cooperation which exempts the recipient nation from the 
            requirement set forth in subsection (a)(2), such failure to 
            act shall constitute a failure to adopt a resolution of 
            disapproval pursuant to section 2157(b)(3) of this title for 
            purposes of the Commission's consideration of applications 
            and requests under sec

[[Page 440]]

            tion 2155(a)(2) of this title and there shall be no 
            congressional review pursuant to section 2157 of this title 
            of any subsequent license or authorization with respect to 
            that state until the first such license or authorization 
            which is issued after twelve months from the elapse of the 
            sixty-day period in which the agreement for cooperation in 
            question is reviewed by the Congress. (Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 
            724, Title I, Sec. 123, as added Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, 
            Sec. 1, 68 Stat. 940; amended Pub. L. 85-479, Sec. Sec. 3, 
            4, July 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 277; Pub. L. 85-681, Sec. 4, Aug. 
            19, 1958, 72 Stat. 632; Pub. L. 88-489, Sec. 15, Aug. 26, 
            1964, 78 Stat. 606; Pub. L. 93-377, Sec. 5, Aug. 17, 1974, 
            88 Stat. 475; Pub. L. 93-485, Sec. 1, Oct. 26, 1974, 88 
            Stat. 1460; Pub. L. 95-242, Title IV, Sec. 401, Mar. 10, 
            1978, 92 Stat. 142; Pub. L. 99-64, Title III, Sec. 301(a), 
            (b), July 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 159, 160; renumbered Title I, 
            Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 
            106 Stat. 2944; Pub. L. 103-337, div. C, Title XXXI, 
            Sec. 3155(c)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3092; Pub. L. 103-
            437, Sec. 15(f)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592; Pub. L. 
            104-106, div. A, Title XV, Sec. 1505(g), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 
            Stat. 515; Pub. L. 105-277, div. G, Title XII, 
            Sec. 1225(d)(4), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-774; Pub. L. 
            109-401, Title I, Sec. 104(e), Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 
            2734; Pub. L. 110-369, Title II, Sec. 202, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 
            Stat. 4033.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       386  Sec. 2153c. Renegotiation of agreements for cooperation

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Presidential review of export agreement conditions and 
                policy goals
                The President shall annually review each of requirements 
            (1) through (9) set forth for inclusion in agreements for 
            cooperation under section 123 a. of the 1954 Act [42 U.S.C. 
            2153(a)] and the export policy goals set forth in section 
            2153b of this title to determine whether it is in the 
            interest of United States non-proliferation objectives for 
            any such requirements or export policies which are not 
            already being applied as export criteria to be enacted as 
            additional export criteria.
            (c) Presidential proposals for additional export criteria
                If the President proposes enactment of any such 
            requirements or export policies as additional export 
            criteria or to take any other action with respect to such 
            requirements or export policy goals for the purpose of 
            encouraging adherence by nations and groups of nations to 
            such requirements and policies, he shall submit such a 
            proposal together with an explanation thereof to the 
            Congress.
            (d) Congressional action
                If the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or 
            the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, after reviewing the President's annual 
            report or any proposed legislation, determines that it is in 
            the interest of United States non-proliferation objectives 
            to take any action with respect to such requirements or 
            export policy goals, it shall report a joint resolution to 
            implement such determination. Any joint resolution so 
            reported shall be considered in the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives, respectively, under applicable procedures 
            provided for the consideration of resolutions pursuant to 
            subsection 130 b. through g. of the 1954 Act [42 U.S.C. 
            2159(b) through (g)]. (Pub.

[[Page 441]]

            L. 95-242, Title IV, Sec. 404, Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 147; 
            Pub. L. 103-437, Sec. 15(g), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4593.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       387  Sec. 2155. Export licensing procedures
            (a) Executive branch judgment on export applications; 
                criteria governing United States nuclear exports
                No license may be issued by the Nuclear Regulatory 
            Commission (the ``Commission'') for the export of any 
            production or utilization facility, or any source material 
            or special nuclear material, including distributions of any 
            material by the Department of Energy under section 2074, 
            2094, or 2112 of this title, for which a license is required 
            or requested, and no exemption from any requirement for such 
            an export license may be granted by the Commission, as the 
            case may be, until--

                                    * * * * * * *

            Provided, That continued cooperation under an agreement for 
            cooperation as authorized in accordance with section 2154 of 
            this title shall not be prevented by failure to meet the 
            provisions of paragraph (4) or (5) of section 2156 of this 
            title for a period of thirty days after March 10, 1978, and 
            for a period of twenty-three months thereafter if the 
            Secretary of State notifies the Commission that the nation 
            or group of nations bound by the relevant agreement has 
            agreed to negotiations as called for in section 2153c(a) of 
            this title; however, nothing in this subsection shall be 
            deemed to relinquish any rights which the United States may 
            have under agreements for cooperation in force on March 10, 
            1978: Provided further, That if, upon the expiration of such 
            twenty-four month period, the President determines that 
            failure to continue cooperation with any group of nations 
            which has been exempted pursuant to the above proviso from 
            the provisions of paragraph (4) or (5) of section 2156 of 
            this title, but which has not yet agreed to comply with 
            those provisions would be seriously prejudicial to the 
            achievement of United States non-proliferation objectives or 
            otherwise jeopardize the common defense and security, he 
            may, after notifying the Congress of his determination, 
            extend by Executive order the duration of the above proviso 
            for a period of twelve months, and may further extend the 
            duration of such proviso by one year increments annually 
            thereafter if he again makes such determination and so 
            notifies the Congress. In the event that the Committee on 
            Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives or the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate reports a joint 
            resolution to take any action with respect to any such 
            extension, such joint resolution will be considered in the 
            House or Senate, as the case may be, under procedures 
            identical to those provided for the consideration of 
            resolutions pursuant to section 2159 of this title * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Requests to be given timely consideration; Presidential 
                review if Commission is unable to make required 
                statutory determinations; Commission review
                (1) Timely consideration shall be given by the 
            Commission to requests for export licenses and exemptions 
            and such requests shall be granted

[[Page 442]]

            upon a determination that all applicable statutory 
            requirements have been met.
                (2) If, after receiving the executive branch judgment 
            that the issuance of a proposed export license will not be 
            inimical to the common defense and security, the Commission 
            does not issue the proposed license on a timely basis 
            because it is unable to make the statutory determinations 
            required under this chapter, the Commission shall publicly 
            issue its decision to that effect, and shall submit the 
            license application to the President. The Commission's 
            decision shall include an explanation of the basis for the 
            decision and any dissenting or separate views. If, after 
            receiving the proposed license application and reviewing the 
            Commission's decision, the President determines that 
            withholding the proposed export would be seriously 
            prejudicial to the achievement of United States non-
            proliferation objectives, or would otherwise jeopardize the 
            common defense and security, the proposed export may be 
            authorized by Executive order: Provided, That prior to any 
            such export, the President shall submit the Executive order, 
            together with his explanation of why, in light of the 
            Commission's decision, the export should nonetheless be 
            made, to the Congress for a period of sixty days of 
            continuous session (as defined in section 2159(g) of this 
            title) and shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign 
            Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate, but any such proposed 
            export shall not occur if during such sixty-day period the 
            Congress adopts a concurrent resolution stating in substance 
            that it does not favor the proposed export. Any such 
            Executive order shall be considered pursuant to the 
            procedures set forth in section 2159 of this title for the 
            consideration of Presidential submissions * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

            (c) Additional export criteria
                In the event that the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate passes a joint resolution which would adopt one or 
            more additional export criteria, or would modify any 
            existing export criteria under this chapter, any such joint 
            resolution shall be referred in the other House to the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or the 
            Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, and shall be considered 
            by the other House under applicable procedures provided for 
            the consideration of resolutions pursuant to section 2159 of 
            this title. (Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, Sec. 126, as 
            added Pub. L. 95-242, Title III, Sec. 304(a), Mar. 10, 1978, 
            92 Stat. 131; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, 
            Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; amended Pub. 
            L. 103-437, Sec. 15(f)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592; 
            Pub. L. 105-277, div. G, Title XII, Sec. 1225(d)(5), Oct. 
            21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-774.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       388  Sec. 2157. Additional export criterion and procedures

                                    * * * * * * *

            Provided, That no such export of any production or 
            utilization facility or of any source or special nuclear 
            material (intended for use as fuel in any production or 
            utilization facility) which has been licensed or authorized 
            pursuant to this subsection shall be made to any non-
            nuclear-weapon state which has failed to meet such criterion 
            until the first

[[Page 443]]

            such license or authorization with respect to such state is 
            submitted to the Congress (together with a detailed 
            assessment of the reasons underlying the President's 
            determination, the judgment of the executive branch required 
            under section 2155 of this title, and any Commission opinion 
            and views) for a period of sixty days of continuous session 
            (as defined in section 2159(g) of this title) and referred 
            to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
            the Senate, but such export shall not occur if during such 
            sixty-day period the Congress adopts a concurrent resolution 
            stating in substance that the Congress does not favor the 
            proposed export. Any such license or authorization shall be 
            considered pursuant to the procedures set forth in section 
            2159 of this title for the consideration of Presidential 
            submissions.

                (2) If the Congress adopts a resolution of disapproval 
            pursuant to paragraph (1), no further export of materials, 
            facilities, or technology specified in subsection (a) shall 
            be permitted for the remainder of that Congress, unless such 
            state meets the criterion or the President notifies the 
            Congress that he has determined that significant progress 
            has been made in achieving adherence to such criterion by 
            such state or that United States foreign policy interests 
            dictate reconsideration and the Congress, pursuant to the 
            procedure of paragraph (1), does not adopt a concurrent 
            resolution stating in substance that it disagrees with the 
            President's determination.
                (3) If the Congress does not adopt a resolution of 
            disapproval with respect to a license or authorization 
            submitted pursuant to paragraph (1), the criterion set forth 
            in subsection (a) shall not be applied as an export 
            criterion with respect to exports of materials, facilities 
            and technology specified in subsection (a) to that state: 
            Provided, That the first license or authorization with 
            respect to that state which is issued pursuant to this 
            paragraph after twelve months from the elapse of the sixty-
            day period specified in paragraph (1), and the first such 
            license or authorization which is issued after each twelve-
            month period thereafter, shall be submitted to the Congress 
            for review pursuant to the procedures specified in paragraph 
            (1): Provided further, That if the Congress adopts a 
            resolution of disapproval during any review period provided 
            for by this paragraph, the provisions of paragraph (2) shall 
            apply with respect to further exports to such state. (Aug. 
            1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, Sec. 128, as added Pub. L. 95-
            242, Title III, Sec. 306, Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 137; 
            renumbered Title I, Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, 
            Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; amended Pub. 
            L. 103-437, Sec. 15(f)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592.)
       389  Sec. 2158. Conduct resulting in termination of nuclear 
                exports
                (a) No nuclear materials and equipment or sensitive 
            nuclear technology shall be exported to--
                            (1) any non-nuclear-weapon state that is 
                        found by the President to have, at any time 
                        after March 10, 1978 * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

            unless the President determines that cessation of such 
            exports would be seriously prejudicial to the achievement of 
            United States non-proliferation objectives or otherwise 
            jeopardize the common defense and security: Provided, That 
            prior to the effective date of any such determination, the 
            President's determination, together with a report con

[[Page 444]]

            taining the reasons for his determination, shall be 
            submitted to the Congress and referred to the Committee on 
            Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate for a period of 
            sixty days of continuous session (as defined in section 
            2159(g) of this title), but any such determination shall not 
            become effective if during such sixty-day period the 
            Congress adopts, and there is enacted, a joint resolution 
            stating in substance that it does not favor the 
            determination. Any such determination shall be considered 
            pursuant to the procedures set forth in section 2159 of this 
            title for the consideration of Presidential submissions. 
            (Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, Sec. 129, as added Pub. L. 
            95-242, Title III, Sec. 307, Mar. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 138; 
            renumbered Title I, Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, 
            Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; amended Pub. 
            L. 103-437, Sec. 15(f)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592; 
            Pub. L. 109-58, Title VI, Sec. 632(a), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 
            Stat. 788; Pub. L. 110-369, Title II, Sec. 203, Oct. 8, 
            2008, 122 Stat. 4033.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       390  Sec. 2159. Congressional review procedures
            (a) Committee consideration of Presidential submissions; 
                reports
                Not later than forty-five days of continuous session of 
            Congress after the date of transmittal to the Congress of 
            any submission of the President required by section 
            2155(a)(2), 2155(b)(2), 2157(b), 2158, 2160(a)(3), or 
            2160(f)(1)(A) of this title, the Committee on Foreign 
            Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
            of the House of Representatives shall each submit a report 
            to its respective House on its views and recommendations 
            respecting such Presidential submission together with a 
            resolution, as defined in subsection (f), stating in 
            substance that the Congress approves or disapproves such 
            submission, as the case may be: Provided, That if any such 
            committee has not reported such a resolution at the end of 
            such forty-five day period, such committee shall be deemed 
            to be discharged from further consideration of such 
            submission. If no such resolution has been reported at the 
            end of such period, the first resolution, as defined in 
            subsection (f), which is introduced within five days 
            thereafter within such House shall be placed on the 
            appropriate calendar of such House.
            (b) Consideration of resolution by respective Houses of 
                Congress
                When the relevant committee or committees have reported 
            such a resolution (or have been discharged from further 
            consideration of such a resolution pursuant to subsection 
            (a)) or when a resolution has been introduced and placed on 
            the appropriate calendar pursuant to subsection (a), as the 
            case may be, it is at any time thereafter in order (even 
            though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) for any Member of the respective House to move 
            to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion is highly privileged and is not debatable. The motion 
            shall not be subject to amendment, or to a motion to 
            postpone, or to a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. 
            If a motion to proceed to the consideration of the 
            resolution is agreed to, the resolution shall remain the 
            unfinished business of the respective House until disposed 
            of.

[[Page 445]]

            (c) Debate
                Debate on the resolution, and on all debatable motions 
            and appeals in connection therewith, shall be limited to not 
            more than ten hours, which shall be divided equally between 
            individuals favoring and individuals opposing the 
            resolution. A motion further to limit debate is in order and 
            not debatable. An amendment to a motion to postpone, or a 
            motion to recommit the resolution, or a motion to proceed to 
            the consideration of other business is not in order. A 
            motion to reconsider the vote by which the resolution is 
            agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. No 
            amendment to any concurrent resolution pursuant to the 
            procedures of this section is in order except as provided in 
            subsection (d).
            (d) Vote on final approval
                Immediately following (1) the conclusion of the debate 
            on such concurrent resolution, (2) a single quorum call at 
            the conclusion of debate if requested in accordance with the 
            rules of the appropriate House, and (3) the consideration of 
            an amendment introduced by the Majority Leader or his 
            designee to insert the phrase, ``does not'' in lieu of the 
            word ``does'' if the resolution under consideration is a 
            concurrent resolution of approval, the vote on final 
            approval of the resolution shall occur.
            (e) Appeals from decisions of Chair
                Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to the 
            application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedure 
            relating to such a resolution shall be decided without 
            debate.
            (f) Resolution
                For the purposes of subsections (a) through (e) of this 
            section, the term ``resolution'' means a concurrent 
            resolution of the Congress, the matter after the resolving 
            clause of which is as follows: ``That the Congress (does or 
            does not) favor the transmitted to the Congress by the 
            President on , .'', the blank spaces therein to be 
            appropriately filled, and the affirmative or negative phrase 
            within the parenthetical to be appropriately selected.
            (g) Continuity of Congressional sessions; computation of 
                time
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), for the 
            purposes of this section--
                            (A) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die; and
                            (B) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of any period of time in which 
                        Congress is in continuous session.
                (2) For purposes of this section insofar as it applies 
            to section 2153 of this title--
                            (A) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die at the end 
                        of a Congress; and
                            (B) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days are excluded in the computation of 
                        any period of time in which Congress is in 
                        continuous session.

[[Page 446]]

            (h) Supersedure or change in rules
                This section is enacted by Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such they are deemed a part 
                        of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of 
                        resolutions described by subsection (f) of this 
                        section; and they supersede other rules only to 
                        the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House.
            (i) Joint resolutions
                (1) For the purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``joint resolution'' means--
                            (A) for an agreement for cooperation 
                        pursuant to section 2153 of this title, a joint 
                        resolution, the matter after the resolving 
                        clause of which is as follows: ``That the 
                        Congress (does or does not) favor the proposed 
                        agreement for cooperation transmitted to the 
                        Congress by the President on_____ .'',
                            (B) for a determination under section 2158 
                        of this title, a joint resolution, the matter 
                        after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the Congress does not favor the 
                        determination transmitted to the Congress by the 
                        President on_____ .'', or
                            (C) for a subsequent arrangement under 
                        section 201 of the United States--India Nuclear 
                        Cooperation Approval and Nonproliferation 
                        Enhancement Act, a joint resolution, the matter 
                        after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the Congress does not favor the 
                        subsequent arrangement to the Agreement for 
                        Cooperation Between the Government of the United 
                        States of America and the Government of India 
                        Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy that 
                        was transmitted to Congress by the President on 
                        September 10, 2008.'',

            with the date of the transmission of the proposed agreement 
            for cooperation inserted in the blank, and the affirmative 
            or negative phrase within the parenthetical appropriately 
            selected.

                (2) On the day on which a proposed agreement for 
            cooperation is submitted to the House of Representatives and 
            the Senate under section 2153(d) of this title, a joint 
            resolution with respect to such agreement for cooperation 
            shall be introduced (by request) in the House by the 
            chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, for himself 
            and the ranking minority member of the Committee, or by 
            Members of the House designated by the chairman and ranking 
            minority member; and shall be introduced (by request) in the 
            Senate by the majority leader of the Senate, for himself and 
            the minority leader of the Senate, or by Members of the 
            Senate designated by the majority leader and minority leader 
            of the Senate. If either House is not in session on the day 
            on which such an agreement for cooperation is submitted, the 
            joint resolution shall be introduced in that House, as 
            provided in the preceding sentence, on the first day 
            thereafter on which that House is in session.

[[Page 447]]

                (3) All joint resolutions introduced in the House of 
            Representatives shall be referred to the appropriate 
            committee or committees, and all joint resolutions 
            introduced in the Senate shall be referred to the Committee 
            on Foreign Relations and in addition, in the case of a 
            proposed agreement for cooperation arranged pursuant to 
            section 2121(c), 2164(b), or 2164(c) of this title, the 
            Committee on Armed Services.
                (4) If the committee of either House to which a joint 
            resolution has been referred has not reported it at the end 
            of 45 days after its introduction (or in the case of a joint 
            resolution related to a subsequent arrangement under section 
            201 of the United States--India Nuclear Cooperation Approval 
            and Nonproliferation Enhancement Act, 15 days after its 
            introduction), the committee shall be discharged from 
            further consideration of the joint resolution or of any 
            other joint resolution introduced with respect to the same 
            matter; except that, in the case of a joint resolution which 
            has been referred to more than one committee, if before the 
            end of that 45-day period (or in the case of a joint 
            resolution related to a subsequent arrangement under section 
            201 of the United States--India Nuclear Cooperation Approval 
            and Nonproliferation Enhancement Act, 15-day period) one 
            such committee has reported the joint resolution, any other 
            committee to which the joint resolution was referred shall 
            be discharged from further consideration of the joint 
            resolution or of any other joint resolution introduced with 
            respect to the same matter.
                (5) A joint resolution under this subsection shall be 
            considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions 
            of section 601(b)(4) of the International Security 
            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976. For the 
            purpose of expediting the consideration and passage of joint 
            resolutions reported or discharged pursuant to the 
            provisions of this subsection, it shall be in order for the 
            Committee on Rules of the House of Representatives to 
            present for consideration a resolution of the House of 
            Representatives providing procedures for the immediate 
            consideration of a joint resolution under this subsection 
            which may be similar, if applicable, to the procedures set 
            forth in section 601(b)(4) of the International Security 
            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.\24\
                \24\ Id.
                (6) In the case of a joint resolution described in 
            paragraph (1), if prior to the passage by one House of a 
            joint resolution of that House, that House receives a joint 
            resolution with respect to the same matter from the other 
            House, then--
                            (A) the procedure in that House shall be the 
                        same as if no joint resolution had been received 
                        from the other House; but
                            (B) the vote on final passage shall be on 
                        the joint resolution of the other House. (Aug. 
                        1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, Sec. 130, as added 
                        Pub. L. 95-242, Title III, Sec. 308, Mar. 10, 
                        1978, 92 Stat. 139; amended Pub. L. 99-64, Title 
                        III, Sec. 301(c), July 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 160; 
                        renumbered Title I, Pub. L. 102-486, Title IX, 
                        Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 2944; 
                        Pub. L. 103-437, Sec. 15(f)(5), Nov. 2, 1994, 
                        108 Stat. 4592; Pub. L. 110-369, Title II, 
                        Sec. 205, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 4033.)

[[Page 448]]


       391  Sec. 2160. Subsequent arrangements

                                    * * * * * * *

            (f) Subsequent arrangements involving direct or indirect 
                commitment of United States for storage or other 
                disposition of foreign spent nuclear fuel in United 
                States
                (1) With regard to any subsequent arrangement under 
            subsection (a)(2)(E) (for the storage or disposition of 
            irradiated fuel elements), where such arrangement involves a 
            direct or indirect commitment of the United States for the 
            storage or other disposition, interim or permanent, of any 
            foreign spent nuclear fuel in the United States, the 
            Secretary of Energy may not enter into any such subsequent 
            arrangement, unless:
                            (A)(i) Such commitment of the United States 
                        has been submitted to the Congress for a period 
                        of sixty days of continuous session (as defined 
                        in section 2159(g) of this title) and has been 
                        referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
                        the House of Representatives and the Committee 
                        on Foreign Relations of the Senate, but any such 
                        commitment shall not become effective if during 
                        such sixty-day period the Congress adopts a 
                        concurrent resolution stating in substance that 
                        it does not favor the commitment, any such 
                        commitment to be considered pursuant to the 
                        procedures set forth in section 2159 of this 
                        title for the consideration of Presidential 
                        submissions; or (ii) if the President has 
                        submitted a detailed generic plan for such 
                        disposition or storage in the United States to 
                        the Congress for a period of sixty days of 
                        continuous session (as defined in section 
                        2159(g) of this title), which plan has been 
                        referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
                        the House of Representatives and the Committee 
                        on Foreign Relations of the Senate and has not 
                        been disapproved during such sixty-day period by 
                        the adoption of a concurrent resolution stating 
                        in substance that Congress does not favor the 
                        plan; and the commitment is subject to the terms 
                        of an effective plan. Any such plan shall be 
                        considered pursuant to the procedures set forth 
                        in section 2159 of this title for the 
                        consideration of Presidential submissions; (Aug. 
                        1, 1946, ch. 724, Title I, Sec. 131, as added 
                        Pub. L. 95-242, Title III, Sec. 303(a), Mar. 10, 
                        1978, 92 Stat. 127; renumbered Title I, Pub. L. 
                        102-486, Title IX, Sec. 902(a)(8), Oct. 24, 
                        1992, 106 Stat. 2944; amended Pub. L. 103-437, 
                        Sec. 15(f)(6), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592; 
                        Pub. L. 105-277, div. G, Title XII, 
                        Sec. 1225(d)(6), (7), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 
                        2681-774.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       392  Sec. 2160e. Congressional review and oversight of agreements 
                with Iran
            (a) Transmission to Congress of nuclear agreements with Iran 
                and verification assessment with respect to such 
                agreements
                (1) Transmission of agreements
                            Not later than 5 calendar days after 
                        reaching an agreement with Iran relating to the 
                        nuclear program of Iran, the President shall 
                        transmit to the appropriate congressional 
                        committees and leadership--

[[Page 449]]

                                (A) the agreement, as defined in 
                            subsection (h)(1), including all related 
                            materials and annexes * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Period for review by Congress of nuclear agreements with 
                Iran
                (1) In general
                            During the 30-calendar day period following 
                        transmittal by the President of an agreement 
                        pursuant to subsection (a), the Committee on 
                        Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
                        Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
                        Representatives shall, as appropriate, hold 
                        hearings and briefings and otherwise obtain 
                        information in order to fully review such 
                        agreement.
                (2) Exception
                            The period for congressional review under 
                        paragraph (1) shall be 60 calendar days if an 
                        agreement, including all materials required to 
                        be transmitted to Congress pursuant to 
                        subsection (a)(1), is transmitted pursuant to 
                        subsection (a) between July 10, 2015, and 
                        September 7, 2015.
                (3) Limitation on actions during initial congressional 
            review period
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        except as provided in paragraph (6), prior to 
                        and during the period for transmission of an 
                        agreement in subsection (a)(1) and during the 
                        period for congressional review provided in 
                        paragraph (1), including any additional period 
                        as applicable under the exception provided in 
                        paragraph (2), the President may not waive, 
                        suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or 
                        otherwise limit the application of statutory 
                        sanctions with respect to Iran under any 
                        provision of law or refrain from applying any 
                        such sanctions pursuant to an agreement 
                        described in subsection (a).
                (4) Limitation on actions during presidential 
            consideration of a joint resolution of disapproval
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        except as provided in paragraph (6), if a joint 
                        resolution of disapproval described in 
                        subsection (c)(2)(B) passes both Houses of 
                        Congress, the President may not waive, suspend, 
                        reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit 
                        the application of statutory sanctions with 
                        respect to Iran under any provision of law or 
                        refrain from applying any such sanctions 
                        pursuant to an agreement described in subsection 
                        (a) for a period of 12 calendar days following 
                        the date of such passage.
                (5) Limitation on actions during congressional 
            reconsideration of a joint resolution of disapproval
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        except as provided in paragraph (6), if a joint 
                        resolution of disapproval described in 
                        subsection (c)(2)(B) passes both Houses of 
                        Congress, and the President vetoes such joint 
                        resolution, the President may not waive, 
                        suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or 
                        otherwise limit the application of statutory 
                        sanctions with respect to Iran under any 
                        provision of law or refrain from applying any 
                        such sanctions pursuant to an agreement 
                        described in subsection (a) for a period of 10 
                        calendar days following the date of the 
                        President's veto.

[[Page 450]]

                (6) Exception
                            The prohibitions under paragraphs (3) 
                        through (5) do not apply to any new deferral, 
                        waiver, or other suspension of statutory 
                        sanctions pursuant to the Joint Plan of Action 
                        if that deferral, waiver, or other suspension is 
                        made--

                                (A) consistent with the law in effect on 
                            May 22, 2015; and

                                (B) not later than 45 calendar days 
                            before the transmission by the President of 
                            an agreement, assessment report, and 
                            certification under subsection (a).

                (7) Definition
                            In the House of Representatives, for 
                        purposes of this subsection, the terms 
                        ``transmittal,'' ``transmitted,'' and 
                        ``transmission'' mean transmittal, transmitted, 
                        and transmission, respectively, to the Speaker 
                        of the House of Representatives.
            (c) Effect of congressional action with respect to nuclear 
                agreements with Iran
                (1) Sense of Congress
                            It is the sense of Congress that--

                                (A) the sanctions regime imposed on Iran 
                            by Congress is primarily responsible for 
                            bringing Iran to the table to negotiate on 
                            its nuclear program;

                                (B) these negotiations are a critically 
                            important matter of national security and 
                            foreign policy for the United States and its 
                            closest allies;

                                (C) this section does not require a vote 
                            by Congress for the agreement to commence;

                                (D) this section provides for 
                            congressional review, including, as 
                            appropriate, for approval, disapproval, or 
                            no action on statutory sanctions relief 
                            under an agreement; and

                                (E) even though the agreement may 
                            commence, because the sanctions regime was 
                            imposed by Congress and only Congress can 
                            permanently modify or eliminate that regime, 
                            it is critically important that Congress 
                            have the opportunity, in an orderly and 
                            deliberative manner, to consider and, as 
                            appropriate, take action affecting the 
                            statutory sanctions regime imposed by 
                            Congress.

                (2) In general
                            Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
                        action involving any measure of statutory 
                        sanctions relief by the United States pursuant 
                        to an agreement subject to subsection (a) or the 
                        Joint Plan of Action--

                                (A) may be taken, consistent with 
                            existing statutory requirements for such 
                            action, if, during the period for review 
                            provided in subsection (b), there is enacted 
                            a joint resolution stating in substance that 
                            the Congress does favor the agreement;

                                (B) may not be taken if, during the 
                            period for review provided in subsection 
                            (b), there is enacted a joint resolution 
                            stating in substance that the Congress does 
                            not favor the agreement; or

                                (C) may be taken, consistent with 
                            existing statutory requirements for such 
                            action, if, following the period for review 
                            provided in subsection (b), there is not 
                            enacted any such joint resolution.

[[Page 451]]

                (3) Definition
                            For the purposes of this subsection, the 
                        phrase ``action involving any measure of 
                        statutory sanctions relief by the United 
                        States'' shall include waiver, suspension, 
                        reduction, or other effort to provide relief 
                        from, or otherwise limit the application of 
                        statutory sanctions with respect to, Iran under 
                        any provision of law or any other effort to 
                        refrain from applying any such sanctions.
            (d) Congressional oversight of Iranian compliance with 
                nuclear agreements
                (1) In general
                            The President shall keep the appropriate 
                        congressional committees and leadership fully 
                        and currently informed of all aspects of Iranian 
                        compliance with respect to an agreement subject 
                        to subsection (a).
                (2) Potentially significant breaches and compliance 
            incidents
                            The President shall, within 10 calendar days 
                        of receiving credible and accurate information 
                        relating to a potentially significant breach or 
                        compliance incident by Iran with respect to an 
                        agreement subject to subsection (a), submit such 
                        information to the appropriate congressional 
                        committees and leadership.
                (3) Material breach report
                            Not later than 30 calendar days after 
                        submitting information about a potentially 
                        significant breach or compliance incident 
                        pursuant to paragraph (2), the President shall 
                        make a determination whether such potentially 
                        significant breach or compliance issue 
                        constitutes a material breach and, if there is 
                        such a material breach, whether Iran has cured 
                        such material breach, and shall submit to the 
                        appropriate congressional committees and 
                        leadership such determination, accompanied by, 
                        as appropriate, a report on the action or 
                        failure to act by Iran that led to the material 
                        breach, actions necessary for Iran to cure the 
                        breach, and the status of Iran's efforts to cure 
                        the breach * * *

                                    * * * * * * *

                (6) Compliance certification
                            After the review period provided in 
                        subsection (b), the President shall, not less 
                        than every 90 calendar days--

                                (A) determine whether the President is 
                            able to certify that--

                                        (i) Iran is transparently, 
                                    verifiably, and fully implementing 
                                    the agreement, including all related 
                                    technical or additional agreements;

                                        (ii) Iran has not committed a 
                                    material breach with respect to the 
                                    agreement or, if Iran has committed 
                                    a material breach, Iran has cured 
                                    the material breach;

                                        (iii) Iran has not taken any 
                                    action, including covert activities, 
                                    that could significantly advance its 
                                    nuclear weapons program; and

                                        (iv) suspension of sanctions 
                                    related to Iran pursuant to the 
                                    agreement is--

                                          (I) appropriate and 
                                    proportionate to the specific and 
                                    verifiable measures taken by Iran 
                                    with respect to terminating its 
                                    illicit nuclear program; and

                                          (II) vital to the national 
                                    security interests of the United 
                                    States; and

[[Page 452]]

                                (B) if the President determines he is 
                            able to make the certification described in 
                            subparagraph (A), make such certification to 
                            the appropriate congressional committees and 
                            leadership.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (e) Expedited consideration of legislation
                (1) Initiation
                            (A) In general

                                In the event the President does not 
                            submit a certification pursuant to 
                            subsection (d)(6) during each 90-day period 
                            following the review period provided in 
                            subsection (b), or submits a determination 
                            pursuant to subsection (d)(3) that Iran has 
                            materially breached an agreement subject to 
                            subsection (a) and the material breach has 
                            not been cured, qualifying legislation 
                            introduced within 60 calendar days of such 
                            event shall be entitled to expedited 
                            consideration pursuant to this subsection.

                            (B) Definition

                                In the House of Representatives, for 
                            purposes of this paragraph, the terms 
                            ``submit'' and ``submits'' mean submit and 
                            submits, respectively, to the Speaker of the 
                            House of Representatives.

                (2) Qualifying legislation defined
                            For purposes of this subsection, the term 
                        ``qualifying legislation'' means only a bill of 
                        either House of Congress--

                                (A) the title of which is as follows: 
                            ``A bill reinstating statutory sanctions 
                            imposed with respect to Iran.''; and

                                (B) the matter after the enacting clause 
                            of which is: ``Any statutory sanctions 
                            imposed with respect to Iran pursuant 
                            to_____ that were waived, suspended, 
                            reduced, or otherwise relieved pursuant to 
                            an agreement submitted pursuant to section 
                            135(a) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 are 
                            hereby reinstated and any action by the 
                            United States Government to facilitate the 
                            release of funds or assets to Iran pursuant 
                            to such agreement, or provide any further 
                            waiver, suspension, reduction, or other 
                            relief pursuant to such agreement is hereby 
                            prohibited.'', with the blank space being 
                            filled in with the law or laws under which 
                            sanctions are to be reinstated.

                (3) Introduction
                            During the 60-calendar day period provided 
                        for in paragraph (1), qualifying legislation may 
                        be introduced--

                                (A) in the House of Representatives, by 
                            the majority leader or the minority leader; 
                            and

                                (B) in the Senate, by the majority 
                            leader (or the majority leader's designee) 
                            or the minority leader (or the minority 
                            leader's designee).

                (4) Floor consideration in House of Representatives
                            (A) Reporting and discharge

                                If a committee of the House to which 
                            qualifying legislation has been referred has 
                            not reported such qualifying legislation 
                            within 10 legislative days after the date of 
                            referral, that committee shall be discharged 
                            from further consideration thereof.

[[Page 453]]

                            (B) Proceeding to consideration

                                Beginning on the third legislative day 
                            after each committee to which qualifying 
                            legislation has been referred reports it to 
                            the House or has been discharged from 
                            further consideration thereof, it shall be 
                            in order to move to proceed to consider the 
                            qualifying legislation in the House. All 
                            points of order against the motion are 
                            waived. Such a motion shall not be in order 
                            after the House has disposed of a motion to 
                            proceed on the qualifying legislation with 
                            regard to the same agreement. The previous 
                            question shall be considered as ordered on 
                            the motion to its adoption without 
                            intervening motion. The motion shall not be 
                            debatable. A motion to reconsider the vote 
                            by which the motion is disposed of shall not 
                            be in order.

                            (C) Consideration

                                The qualifying legislation shall be 
                            considered as read. All points of order 
                            against the qualifying legislation and 
                            against its consideration are waived. The 
                            previous question shall be considered as 
                            ordered on the qualifying legislation to 
                            final passage without intervening motion 
                            except two hours of debate equally divided 
                            and controlled by the sponsor of the 
                            qualifying legislation (or a designee) and 
                            an opponent. A motion to reconsider the vote 
                            on passage of the qualifying legislation 
                            shall not be in order.

                (5) Consideration in the Senate
                            (A) Committee referral

                                Qualifying legislation introduced in the 
                            Senate shall be referred to the Committee on 
                            Foreign Relations.

                            (B) Reporting and discharge

                                If the Committee on Foreign Relations 
                            has not reported such qualifying legislation 
                            within 10 session days after the date of 
                            referral of such legislation, that committee 
                            shall be discharged from further 
                            consideration of such legislation and the 
                            qualifying legislation shall be placed on 
                            the appropriate calendar.

                            (C) Proceeding to consideration

                                Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the 
                            Standing Rules of the Senate, it is in order 
                            at any time after the committee authorized 
                            to consider qualifying legislation reports 
                            it to the Senate or has been discharged from 
                            its consideration (even though a previous 
                            motion to the same effect has been disagreed 
                            to) to move to proceed to the consideration 
                            of qualifying legislation, and all points of 
                            order against qualifying legislation (and 
                            against consideration of the qualifying 
                            legislation) are waived. The motion to 
                            proceed is not debatable. The motion is not 
                            subject to a motion to postpone. A motion to 
                            reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
                            agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in 
                            order. If a motion to proceed to the 
                            consideration of the qualifying legislation 
                            is agreed to, the qualifying legislation 
                            shall remain the unfinished business until 
                            disposed of.

                            (D) Debate

                                Debate on qualifying legislation, and on 
                            all debatable motions and appeals in 
                            connection therewith, shall be limited to 
                            not more than 10 hours, which shall be 
                            divided equally between the majority and 
                            minority leaders or their designees. A 
                            motion

[[Page 454]]

                            to further limit debate is in order and not 
                            debatable. An amendment to, or a motion to 
                            postpone, or a motion to proceed to the 
                            consideration of other business, or a motion 
                            to recommit the qualifying legislation is 
                            not in order.

                            (E) Vote on passage

                                The vote on passage shall occur 
                            immediately following the conclusion of the 
                            debate on the qualifying legislation and a 
                            single quorum call at the conclusion of the 
                            debate, if requested in accordance with the 
                            rules of the Senate.

                            (F) Rulings of the Chair on procedure

                                Appeals from the decisions of the Chair 
                            relating to the application of the rules of 
                            the Senate, as the case may be, to the 
                            procedure relating to qualifying legislation 
                            shall be decided without debate.

                            (G) Consideration of veto messages

                                Debate in the Senate of any veto message 
                            with respect to qualifying legislation, 
                            including all debatable motions and appeals 
                            in connection with such qualifying 
                            legislation, shall be limited to 10 hours, 
                            to be equally divided between, and 
                            controlled by, the majority leader and the 
                            minority leader or their designees.

                (6) Rules relating to Senate and House of 
            Representatives
                            (A) Coordination with action by other House

                                If, before the passage by one House of 
                            qualifying legislation of that House, that 
                            House receives qualifying legislation from 
                            the other House, then the following 
                            procedures shall apply:

                                        (i) The qualifying legislation 
                                    of the other House shall not be 
                                    referred to a committee.

                                        (ii) With respect to qualifying 
                                    legislation of the House receiving 
                                    the legislation--

                                          (I) the procedure in that 
                                    House shall be the same as if no 
                                    qualifying legislation had been 
                                    received from the other House; but

                                          (II) the vote on passage shall 
                                    be on the qualifying legislation of 
                                    the other House.

                            (B) Treatment of a bill of other House

                                If one House fails to introduce 
                            qualifying legislation under this section, 
                            the qualifying legislation of the other 
                            House shall be entitled to expedited floor 
                            procedures under this section.

                            (C) Treatment of companion measures

                                If, following passage of the qualifying 
                            legislation in the Senate, the Senate then 
                            receives a companion measure from the House 
                            of Representatives, the companion measure 
                            shall not be debatable.

                            (D) Application to revenue measures

                                The provisions of this paragraph shall 
                            not apply in the House of Representatives to 
                            qualifying legislation which is a revenue 
                            measure.

            (f) Rules of House of Representatives and Senate
                Subsection (e) is enacted by Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such are deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only

[[Page 455]]

                        with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                        that House in the case of legislation described 
                        in those sections, and supersede other rules 
                        only to the extent that they are inconsistent 
                        with such rules; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House.

                                    * * * * * * *

            (h) Definitions
                In this section:
                            (1) Agreement

                                The term ``agreement'' means an 
                            agreement related to the nuclear program of 
                            Iran that includes the United States, 
                            commits the United States to take action, or 
                            pursuant to which the United States commits 
                            or otherwise agrees to take action, 
                            regardless of the form it takes, whether a 
                            political commitment or otherwise, and 
                            regardless of whether it is legally binding 
                            or not, including any joint comprehensive 
                            plan of action entered into or made between 
                            Iran and any other parties, and any 
                            additional materials related thereto, 
                            including annexes, appendices, codicils, 
                            side agreements, implementing materials, 
                            documents, and guidance, technical or other 
                            understandings, and any related agreements, 
                            whether entered into or implemented prior to 
                            the agreement or to be entered into or 
                            implemented in the future.

                            (2) Appropriate congressional committees

                                The term ``appropriate congressional 
                            committees'' means the Committee on Finance, 
                            the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                            Affairs, the Select Committee on 
                            Intelligence, and the Committee on Foreign 
                            Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
                            Ways and Means, the Committee on Financial 
                            Services, the Permanent Select Committee on 
                            Intelligence, and the Committee on Foreign 
                            Affairs of the House of Representatives.

                            (3) Appropriate congressional committees and 
                        leadership

                                The term ``appropriate congressional 
                            committees and leadership'' means the 
                            Committee on Finance, the Committee on 
                            Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the 
                            Select Committee on Intelligence, and the 
                            Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
                            Majority and Minority Leaders of the Senate 
                            and the Committee on Ways and Means, the 
                            Committee on Financial Services, the 
                            Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, 
                            and the

[[Page 456]]

                            Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the 
                            Speaker, Majority Leader, and Minority 
                            Leader of the House of Representatives.

                                    * * * * * * *

       393  Sec. 2210. Indemnification and limitation of liability

                                    * * * * * * *

            (e) Limitation on aggregate public liability
                (1) The aggregate public liability for a single nuclear 
            incident of persons indemnified, including such legal costs 
            as are authorized to be paid under subsection (o)(1)(D), 
            shall not exceed--
                            (A) in the case of facilities designed for 
                        producing substantial amounts of electricity and 
                        having a rated capacity of 100,000 electrical 
                        kilowatts or more, the maximum amount of 
                        financial protection required of such facilities 
                        under subsection (b) (plus any surcharge 
                        assessed under subsection (o)(1)(E));
                            (B) in the case of contractors with whom the 
                        Secretary has entered into an agreement of 
                        indemnification under subsection (d), the amount 
                        of indemnity and financial protection that may 
                        be required under paragraph (2) of subsection 
                        (d); and
                            (C) in the case of all other licensees of 
                        the Commission required to maintain financial 
                        protection under this section--

                                (i) $500,000,000, together with the 
                            amount of financial protection required of 
                            the licensee; or

                                (ii) if the amount of financial 
                            protection required of the licensee exceeds 
                            $60,000,000, $560,000,000 or the amount of 
                            financial protection required of the 
                            licensee, whichever amount is more.

                (2) In the event of a nuclear incident involving damages 
            in excess of the amount of aggregate public liability under 
            paragraph (1), the Congress will thoroughly review the 
            particular incident in accordance with the procedures set 
            forth in subsection (i) and will in accordance with such 
            procedures, take whatever action is determined to be 
            necessary (including approval of appropriate compensation 
            plans and appropriation of funds) to provide full and prompt 
            compensation to the public for all public liability claims 
            resulting from a disaster of such magnitude.
                (3) No provision of paragraph (1) may be construed to 
            preclude the Congress from enacting a revenue measure, 
            applicable to licensees of the Commission required to 
            maintain financial protection pursuant to subsection (b), to 
            fund any action undertaken pursuant to paragraph (2).
                (4) With respect to any nuclear incident occurring 
            outside of the United States to which an agreement of 
            indemnification entered into under the provisions of 
            subsection (d) is applicable, such aggregate public 
            liability shall not exceed the amount of $500,000,000, 
            together with the amount of financial protection required of 
            the contractor.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (2) Not later than 90 days after any determination by a 
            court, pursuant to subsection (o), that the public liability 
            from a single nuclear incident may exceed the applicable 
            amount of aggregate public liability under subparagraph (A), 
            (B), or (C) of subsection (e)(1) the President shall submit 
            to the Congress--

[[Page 457]]

                            (A) an estimate of the aggregate dollar 
                        value of personal injuries and property damage 
                        that arises from the nuclear incident and 
                        exceeds the amount of aggregate public liability 
                        under subsection (e)(1);
                            (B) recommendations for additional sources 
                        of funds to pay claims exceeding the applicable 
                        amount of aggregate public liability under 
                        subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of subsection 
                        (e)(1), which recommendations shall consider a 
                        broad range of possible sources of funds 
                        (including possible revenue measures on the 
                        sector of the economy, or on any other class, to 
                        which such revenue measures might be applied);
                            (C) 1 or more compensation plans, that 
                        either individually or collectively shall 
                        provide for full and prompt compensation for all 
                        valid claims and contain a recommendation or 
                        recommendations as to the relief to be provided, 
                        including any recommendations that funds be 
                        allocated or set aside for the payment of claims 
                        that may arise as a result of latent injuries 
                        that may not be discovered until a later date; 
                        and
                            (D) any additional legislative authorities 
                        necessary to implement such compensation plan or 
                        plans.
                (3)(A) Any compensation plan transmitted to the Congress 
            pursuant to paragraph (2) shall bear an identification 
            number and shall be transmitted to both Houses of Congress 
            on the same day and to each House while it is in session.
                (B) The provisions of paragraphs (4) through (6) shall 
            apply with respect to consideration in the Senate of any 
            compensation plan transmitted to the Senate pursuant to 
            paragraph (2).
                (4) No such compensation plan may be considered approved 
            for purposes of subsection (e)(2) unless between the date of 
            transmittal and the end of the first period of sixty 
            calendar days of continuous session of Congress after the 
            date on which such action is transmitted to the Senate, the 
            Senate passes a resolution described in paragraph 6 of this 
            subsection.
                (5) For the purpose of paragraph (4) of this 
            subsection--
                            (A) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die; and
                            (B) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the sixty-day calendar period.
                (6)(A) This paragraph is enacted--
                            (i) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of the Senate, but applicable only 
                        with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                        the Senate in the case of resolutions described 
                        by subparagraph (B) and it supersedes other 
                        rules only to the extent that it is inconsistent 
                        therewith; and
                            (ii) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change the 
                        rules at any time, in the same manner and to the 
                        same extent as in the case of any other rule of 
                        the Senate.
                (B) For purposes of this paragraph, the term 
            ``resolution'' means only a joint resolution of the Congress 
            the matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
            follows: ``That the _____ approves the compensation plan 
            numbered ___ submitted to the Congress on _____, 19__.'',

[[Page 458]]

            the first blank space therein being filled with the name of 
            the resolving House and the other blank spaces being 
            appropriately filled; but does not include a resolution 
            which specifies more than one compensation plan.
                (C) A resolution once introduced with respect to a 
            compensation plan shall immediately be referred to a 
            committee (and all resolutions with respect to the same 
            compensation plan shall be referred to the same committee) 
            by the President of the Senate.
                (D)(i) If the committee of the Senate to which a 
            resolution with respect to a compensation plan has been 
            referred has not reported it at the end of twenty calendar 
            days after its referral, it shall be in order to move either 
            to discharge the committee from further consideration of 
            such resolution or to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration with respect to such compensation plan which 
            has been referred to the committee.
                            (ii) A motion to discharge may be made only 
                        by an individual favoring the resolution, shall 
                        be highly privileged (except that it may not be 
                        made after the committee has reported a 
                        resolution with respect to the same compensation 
                        plan), and debate thereon shall be limited to 
                        not more than one hour, to be divided equally 
                        between those favoring and those opposing the 
                        resolution. An amendment to the motion shall not 
                        be in order, and it shall not be in order to 
                        move to reconsider the vote by which the motion 
                        was agreed to or disagreed to.
                            (iii) If the motion to discharge is agreed 
                        to or disagreed to, the motion may not be 
                        renewed, nor may another motion to discharge the 
                        committee be made with respect to any other 
                        resolution with respect to the same compensation 
                        plan.
                (E)(i) When the committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, it 
            shall be at any time thereafter in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (ii) Debate on the resolution referred to in clause (i) 
            of this subparagraph shall be limited to not more than ten 
            hours, which shall be divided equally between those favoring 
            and those opposing such resolution. A motion further to 
            limit debate shall not be debatable. An amendment to, or 
            motion to recommit, the resolution shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which such resolution was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (F)(i) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee, or the consideration of a 
            resolution or motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.

[[Page 459]]

                (ii) Appeals from the decision of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate to the procedures 
            relating to a resolution shall be decided without debate.

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                           Chapter 77--ENERGY CONSERVATION

       394  Sec. 6249c. Contracts for which implementing legislation is 
                needed
            (a) In general
                (1) In the case of contracts entered into under this 
            part, and amendments to such contracts, for which 
            implementing legislation will be needed, the Secretary may 
            transmit an implementing bill to both Houses of the 
            Congress.
                (2) In the Senate, any such bill shall be considered in 
            accordance with the provisions of this section.
                (3) For purposes of this section--
                            (A) the term ``implementing bill'' means a 
                        bill introduced in either House of Congress with 
                        respect to one or more contracts or amendments 
                        to contracts submitted to the House of 
                        Representatives and the Senate under this 
                        section and which contains--

                                (i) a provision approving such contracts 
                            or amendments, or both; and

                                (ii) legislative provisions that are 
                            necessary or appropriate for the 
                            implementation of such contracts or 
                            amendments, or both; and

                            (B) the term ``implementing revenue bill'' 
                        means an implementing bill which contains one or 
                        more revenue measures by reason of which it must 
                        originate in the House of Representatives.
            (b) Consultation
                The Secretary shall consult, at the earliest possible 
            time and on a continuing basis, with each committee of the 
            House and the Senate that has jurisdiction over all matters 
            expected to be affected by legislation needed to implement 
            any such contract.
            (c) Effective date
                Each contract and each amendment to a contract for which 
            an implementing bill is necessary may become effective only 
            if--
                            (1) the Secretary, not less than 30 days 
                        before the day on which such contract is entered 
                        into, notifies the House of Representatives and 
                        the Senate of the intention to enter into such a 
                        contract and promptly thereafter publishes 
                        notice of such intention in the Federal 
                        Register;
                            (2) after entering into the contract, the 
                        Secretary transmits a report to the House of 
                        Representatives and to the Senate containing a 
                        copy of the final text of such contract together 
                        with--

                                (A) the implementing bill, and an 
                            explanation of how the implementing bill 
                            changes or affects existing law; and

                                (B) a statement of the reasons why the 
                            contract serves the interests of the United 
                            States and why the implementing bill is 
                            required or appropriate to implement the 
                            contract; and

                            (3) the implementing bill is enacted into 
                        law.

[[Page 460]]

            (d) Rules of Senate
                Subsections (e) through (h) are enacted by the 
            Congress--
                            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate, and as such they are deemed a 
                        part of the rules of the Senate but applicable 
                        only with respect to the procedure to be 
                        followed in the Senate in the case of 
                        implementing bills and implementing revenue 
                        bills described in subsection (a), and they 
                        supersede other rules only to the extent that 
                        they are inconsistent therewith; and
                            (2) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change the 
                        rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        the Senate) at any time, in the same manner and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate.
            (e) Introduction and referral in Senate
                (1) On the day on which an implementing bill is 
            transmitted to the Senate under this section, the 
            implementing bill shall be introduced (by request) in the 
            Senate by the majority leader of the Senate, for himself or 
            herself and the minority leader of the Senate, or by Members 
            of the Senate designated by the majority leader and minority 
            leader of the Senate.
                (2) If the Senate is not in session on the day on which 
            such an agreement is submitted, the implementing bill shall 
            be introduced in the Senate, as provided in the paragraph 
            (1), on the first day thereafter on which the Senate is in 
            session.
                (3) Such bills shall be referred by the presiding 
            officer of the Senate to the appropriate committee, or, in 
            the case of a bill containing provisions within the 
            jurisdiction of two or more committees, jointly to such 
            committees for consideration of those provisions within 
            their respective jurisdictions.
            (f) Consideration of amendments to implementing bill 
                prohibited in Senate
                (1) No amendments to an implementing bill shall be in 
            order in the Senate, and it shall not be in order in the 
            Senate to consider an implementing bill that originated in 
            the House if such bill passed the House containing any 
            amendment to the introduced bill.
                (2) No motion to suspend the application of this 
            subsection shall be in order in the Senate; nor shall it be 
            in order in the Senate for the Presiding Officer to 
            entertain a request to suspend the application of this 
            subsection by unanimous consent.
            (g) Discharge in Senate
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the 
            committee or committees of the Senate to which an 
            implementing bill has been referred have not reported it at 
            the close of the 30th day after its introduction, such 
            committee or committees shall be automatically discharged 
            from further consideration of the bill, and it shall be 
            placed on the appropriate calendar.
                (2) A vote on final passage of the bill shall be taken 
            in the Senate on or before the close of the 15th day after 
            the bill is reported by the committee or committees to which 
            it was referred or after such committee or committees have 
            been discharged from further consideration of the bill.

[[Page 461]]

                (3) The provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not 
            apply in the Senate to an implementing revenue bill. An 
            implementing revenue bill received from the House shall be, 
            subject to subsection (f)(1), referred to the appropriate 
            committee or committees of the Senate. If such committee or 
            committees have not reported such bill at the close of the 
            15th day after its receipt by the Senate, such committee or 
            committees shall be automatically discharged from further 
            consideration of such bill and it shall be placed on the 
            calendar. A vote on final passage of such bill shall be 
            taken in the Senate on or before the close of the 15th day 
            after such bill is reported by the committee or committees 
            of the Senate to which it was referred, or after such 
            committee or committees have been discharged from further 
            consideration of such bill.
                (4) For purposes of this subsection, in computing a 
            number of days in the Senate, there shall be excluded any 
            day on which the Senate is not in session.
            (h) Floor consideration in Senate
                (1) A motion in the Senate to proceed to the 
            consideration of an implementing bill shall be privileged 
            and not debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be 
            in order, nor shall it be in order to move to reconsider the 
            vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (2) Debate in the Senate on an implementing bill, and 
            all debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, 
            shall be limited to not more than 20 hours. The time shall 
            be equally divided between, and controlled by, the majority 
            leader and the minority leader or their designees.
                (3) Debate in the Senate on any debatable motion or 
            appeal in connection with an implementing bill shall be 
            limited to not more than one hour to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the mover and the manager of the 
            bill, except that in the event the manager of the bill is in 
            favor of any such motion or appeal, the time in opposition 
            thereto shall be controlled by the minority leader or his 
            designee. Such leaders, or either of them, may, from time 
            under their control on the passage of an implementing bill, 
            allot additional time to any Senator during the 
            consideration of any debatable motion or appeal.
                (4) A motion in the Senate to further limit debate is 
            not debatable. A motion to recommit an implementing bill is 
            not in order. (Pub. L. 94-163, Title I, Sec. 174, as added 
            Pub. L. 101-383, Sec. 6(a)(4), Sept. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 
            731.)
       395  Sec. 6272. International voluntary agreements

                                    * * * * * * *

            (m) Limitation on new plans of action
                (1) With respect to any plan of action approved by the 
            Attorney General after July 2, 1985--
                            (A) the defenses under subsection (f) and 
                        (j) shall be applicable to Type 1 activities (as 
                        that term is defined in the International Energy 
                        Agency Emergency Management Manual, dated 
                        December 1982) only if--

                                (i) the Secretary has transmitted such 
                            plan of action to the Congress; and

[[Page 462]]

                                (ii)(I) 90 calendar days of continuous 
                            session have elapsed since receipt by the 
                            Congress of such transmittal; or

                                (II) within 90 calendar days of 
                            continuous session after receipt of such 
                            transmittal, either House of the Congress 
                            has disapproved a joint resolution of 
                            disapproval pursuant to subsection (n); and

                            (B) such defenses shall not be applicable to 
                        Type 1 activities if there has been enacted, in 
                        accordance with subsection (n), a joint 
                        resolution of disapproval.
                (2) The Secretary may withdraw the plan of action at any 
            time prior to adoption of a joint resolution described in 
            subsection (n)(3) by either House of Congress.
                (3) For the purpose of this subsection--
                            (A) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of the Congress sine die at the 
                        end of the second session of Congress; and
                            (B) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 
                        three days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the calendar-day period involved.
            (n) Joint resolution of disapproval
                (1)(A) The application of defenses under subsections (f) 
            and (j) for Type 1 activities with respect to any plan of 
            action transmitted to Congress as described in subsection 
            (m)(1)(A)(i) shall be disapproved if a joint resolution of 
            disapproval has been enacted into law during the 90-day 
            period of continuous session after which such transmission 
            was received by the Congress. For the purpose of this 
            subsection, the term ``joint resolution'' means only a joint 
            resolution of either House of the Congress as described in 
            paragraph (3).
                (B) After receipt by the Congress of such plan of 
            action, a joint resolution of disapproval may be introduced 
            in either House of the Congress. Upon introduction in the 
            Senate, the joint resolution shall be referred in the Senate 
            immediately to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
            of the Senate.
                (2) This subsection is enacted by the Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of the Senate, but applicable only 
                        with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                        the Senate in the case of resolutions described 
                        by paragraph (3); it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that is inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change the 
                        rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        the Senate) at any time, in the same manner and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate.
                (3) The joint resolution disapproving the transmission 
            under subsection (m) shall read as follows after the 
            resolving clause: ``That the Congress of the United States 
            disapproves the availability of the defenses pursuant to 
            section 252 (f) and (j) of the Energy Policy and 
            Conservation Act with respect to Type 1 activities under the 
            plan of action submitted to the Congress by the Secretary of 
            Energy on .'', the blank space therein being filled with the 
            date and year of receipt by the Congress of the plan of 
            action transmitted as described in subsection (m).

[[Page 463]]

                (4)(A) If the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
            of the Senate has not reported a joint resolution referred 
            to it under this subsection at the end of 20 calendar days 
            of continuous session after its referral, it shall be in 
            order to move either to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration of such resolution or to discharge the 
            committee from further consideration of any other joint 
            resolution which has been referred to the committee with 
            respect to such plan of action.
                (B) A motion to discharge shall be highly privileged 
            (except that it may not be made after the Committee on 
            Energy and Natural Resources has reported a joint resolution 
            with respect to the plan of action), and debate thereon 
            shall be limited to not more than one hour, to be divided 
            equally between those favoring and those opposing the joint 
            resolution. An amendment to the motion shall not be in 
            order, and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (C) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the committee be made with respect to any other 
            joint resolution with respect to the same transmission.
                (5)(A) When the Committee on Energy and Natural 
            Resources of the Senate has reported or has been discharged 
            from further consideration of a joint resolution, it shall 
            be in order at any time thereafter within the 90-day period 
            following receipt by the Congress of the plan of action 
            (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of 
            such joint resolution. The motion shall be highly privileged 
            and shall not be debatable. An amendment to the motion shall 
            not be in order, and it shall not be in order to move to 
            reconsider a vote by which the motion was agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (B) Debate on the joint resolution shall be limited to 
            not more than 10 hours and final action on the joint 
            resolution shall occur immediately following conclusion of 
            such debate. A motion further to limit debate shall not be 
            debatable. A motion to recommit such a joint resolution 
            shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order to move 
            to reconsider the vote by which such a joint resolution was 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (6)(A) Motions to postpone made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee or consideration of a joint 
            resolution, shall be decided without debate.
                (B) Appeals from the decision of the Chair relating to 
            the application of rules of the Senate to the procedures 
            relating to a joint resolution shall be decided without 
            debate. (Pub. L. 94-163, Title II, Sec. 252, Dec. 22, 1975, 
            89 Stat. 894; Pub. L. 95-619, Title VI, Sec. 691(b)(2), Nov. 
            9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3288; Pub. L. 96-30, June 30, 1979, 93 
            Stat. 80; Pub. L. 96-94, Oct. 31, 1979, 93 Stat. 720; Pub. 
            L. 96-133, Sec. Sec. 1, 2, Nov. 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 1053; 
            Pub. L. 97-5, Mar. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 97-50, 
            Sept. 30, 1981, 95 Stat. 957; Pub. L. 97-163, Apr. 1, 1982, 
            96 Stat. 24; Pub. L. 97-190, June 1, 1982, 96 Stat. 106; 
            Pub. L. 97-217, July 19, 1982, 96 Stat. 196; Pub. L. 97-229, 
            Sec. 2(a), (b)(2), Aug. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 248; Pub. L. 98-
            239, Mar. 20, 1984, 98 Stat. 93; Pub. L. 99-58, Title I, 
            Sec. Sec. 104(c)(2), (4), 105, July 2, 1985, 99 Stat. 105; 
            Pub. L. 104-66, Title I, Sec. 1091(g), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 
            Stat. 722; Pub. L. 105-177, Sec. 1(4), June 1, 1998, 112 
            Stat. 105.)

[[Page 464]]


       396  Sec. 6421. Procedure for Congressional review of 
                Presidential requests to implement certain authorities
            (a) ``Energy action'' defined
                For purposes of this section, the term ``energy action'' 
            means any matter required to be transmitted, or submitted to 
            the Congress in accordance with the procedures of this 
            section.
            (b) Transmittal of energy action to Congress
                The President shall transmit any energy action (bearing 
            an identification number) to both Houses of Congress on the 
            same day. If both Houses are not in session on the day any 
            energy action is received by the appropriate officers of 
            each House, for purposes of this section such energy action 
            shall be deemed to have been transmitted on the first 
            succeeding day on which both Houses are in session.
            (c) Effective date of energy action
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this 
            subsection, if energy action is transmitted to the Houses of 
            Congress, such action shall take effect at the end of the 
            first period of 15 calendar days of continuous session of 
            Congress after the date on which such action is transmitted 
            to such Houses, unless between the date of transmittal and 
            the end of such 15-day period, either House passes a 
            resolution stating in substance that such House does not 
            favor such action.
                (2) An energy action described in paragraph (1) may take 
            effect prior to the expiration of the 15-calendar-day period 
            after the date on which such action is transmitted, if each 
            House of Congress approves a resolution affirmatively 
            stating in substance that such House does not object to such 
            action.
            (d) Computation of period
                For the purpose of subsection (c) of this section--
                            (1) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 3 
                        days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the 15-calendar-day period.
            (e) Provision in energy action for later effective date
                Under provisions contained in an energy action, a 
            provision of such an action may take effect on a date later 
            than the date on which such action otherwise takes effect 
            pursuant to the provisions of this section.
            (f) Resolutions with respect to energy action
                (1) This subsection is enacted by Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of 
                        resolutions described by paragraph (2) of this 
                        subsection; and it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that it is inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that

[[Page 465]]

                        House) at any time, in the same manner and to 
                        the same extent as in the case of any other rule 
                        of the House.
                (2) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``resolution'' means only a resolution of either House of 
            Congress described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of this 
            paragraph.
                            (A) A resolution the matter after the 
                        resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That 
                        the_____ does not object to the energy action 
                        numbered_____ submitted to the Congress on_____, 
                        19_.'', the first blank space therein being 
                        filled with the name of the resolving House and 
                        the other blank spaces being appropriately 
                        filled; but does not include a resolution which 
                        specifies more than one energy action.
                            (B) A resolution the matter after the 
                        resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That 
                        the_____ does not favor the energy action 
                        numbered_____ transmitted to Congress on_____, 
                        19_.'', the first blank space therein being 
                        filled with the name of the resolving House and 
                        the other blank spaces therein being 
                        appropriately filled; but does not include a 
                        resolution which specifies more than one energy 
                        action.
                (3) A resolution once introduced with respect to an 
            energy action shall immediately be referred to a committee 
            (and all resolutions with respect to the same plan shall be 
            referred to the same committee) by the President of the 
            Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives, as 
            the case may be.
                (4)(A) If the committee to which a resolution with 
            respect to an energy action has been referred has not 
            reported it at the end of 5 calendar days after its 
            referral, it shall be in order to move either to discharge 
            the committee from further consideration of such resolution 
            or to discharge the committee from further consideration of 
            any other resolution with respect to such energy action 
            which has been referred to the committee.
                (B) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported a resolution with respect to the same 
            energy action), and debate thereon shall be limited to not 
            more than one hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
            the motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (C) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the committee be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same energy action.
                (5)(A) When the committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, it 
            shall be at any time thereafter in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (B) Debate on the resolution referred to in subparagraph 
            (A) of this paragraph shall be limited to not more than 10 
            hours, which shall

[[Page 466]]

            be divided equally between those favoring and those opposing 
            such resolution. A motion further to limit debate shall not 
            be debatable. An amendment to, or motion to recommit, the 
            resolution shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which such 
            resolution was agreed to or disagreed to; except that it 
            shall be in order--
                            (i) to offer an amendment in the nature of a 
                        substitute, consisting of the text of a 
                        resolution described in paragraph (2)(A) of this 
                        subsection with respect to an energy action, for 
                        a resolution described in paragraph (2)(B) of 
                        this subsection with respect to the same such 
                        action, or
                            (ii) to offer an amendment in the nature of 
                        a substitute, consisting of the text of a 
                        resolution described in paragraph (2)(B) of this 
                        subsection with respect to an energy action, for 
                        a resolution described in paragraph (2)(A) of 
                        this subsection with respect to the same such 
                        action.The amendments described in clauses (i) 
                        and (ii) of this subparagraph shall not be 
                        amendable.
                (6)(A) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee, or the consideration of a 
            resolution and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (B) Appeals from the decision of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedure 
            relating to a resolution shall be decided without debate.
                (7) Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this 
            subsection, if a House has approved a resolution with 
            respect to an energy action, then it shall not be in order 
            to consider in that House any other resolution with respect 
            to the same such action. (Pub. L. 94-163, Title V, Sec. 551, 
            Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 965.)
       397  Sec. 6422. Expedited procedure for Congressional 
                consideration of certain authorities
            (a) Contingency plan identification number; transmittal of 
                plan to Congress
                Any contingency plan transmitted to the Congress 
            pursuant to section 6261(a)(1) of this title shall bear an 
            identification number and shall be transmitted to both 
            Houses of Congress on the same day and to each House while 
            it is in session.
            (b) Necessity of Congressional resolution within certain 
                period for plan to be considered approved
                (1) No such energy conservation contingency plan may be 
            considered approved for purposes of section 6261(b) of this 
            title unless between the date of transmittal and the end of 
            the first period of 60 calendar days of continuous session 
            of Congress after the date on which such action is 
            transmitted to such House, each House of Congress passes a 
            resolution described in subsection (d)(2)(A).
                (2)(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), any such rationing 
            contingency plan shall be considered approved for purposes 
            of section 6261(d) of this title only if such plan is not 
            disapproved by a resolution described in subsection 
            (d)(2)(B)(i) which passes each House of the Congress during 
            the 30-calendar-day period of continuous session after the 
            plan is transmitted to such Houses and which thereafter 
            becomes law.

[[Page 467]]

                (B) A rationing contingency plan may be considered 
            approved prior to the expiration of the 30-calendar-day 
            period after such plan is transmitted if a resolution 
            described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(ii) is passed by each 
            House of the Congress and thereafter becomes law.
            (c) Computation of period
                For the purpose of subsection (b) of this section--
                            (1) continuity of session is broken only by 
                        an adjournment of Congress sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 3 
                        days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the calendar-day period involved.
            (d) Resolution with respect to contingency plan
                (1) This subsection is enacted by Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such it is deemed a part of 
                        the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        applicable only with respect to the procedure to 
                        be followed in that House in the case of 
                        resolutions described by paragraph (2) of this 
                        subsection; and it supersedes other rules only 
                        to the extent that it is inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of the House.
                (2)(A) For purposes of applying this section with 
            respect to any energy conservation contingency plan, the 
            term ``resolution'' means only a resolution of either House 
            of Congress the matter after the resolving clauses of which 
            is as follows: ``That the_____ approves the energy 
            conservation contingency plan numbered _____ submitted to 
            the Congress on _____, 19_____.'', the first blank space 
            therein being filled with the name of the resolving House 
            and the other blank spaces being appropriately filled; but 
            does not include a resolution which specifies more than one 
            energy conservation contingency plan.
                (B) For purposes of applying this subsection with 
            respect to any rationing contingency plan (other than 
            pursuant to section 6261(d)(2)(B) of this title), the term 
            ``resolution'' means only a joint resolution described in 
            clause (i) or (ii) of this subparagraph with respect to such 
            plan.
                            (i) A joint resolution of either House of 
                        the Congress (I) which is entitled: ``Joint 
                        resolution relating to a rationing contingency 
                        plan.'', (II) which does not contain a preamble, 
                        and (III) the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is: ``That the Congress of the United 
                        States disapproves the rationing contingency 
                        plan transmitted to the Congress on _____, 
                        19_____.'', the blank spaces therein 
                        appropriately filled.
                            (ii) A joint resolution of either House of 
                        the Congress (I) which is entitled: ``Joint 
                        resolution relating to a rationing contingency 
                        plan.'', (II) which does not contain a preamble, 
                        and (III) the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is: ``That the Congress of the United 
                        States does not object to the rationing 
                        contingency plan transmitted to the Congress on 
                        _____, 19_____.'', the blank spaces therein 
                        appropriately filled.

[[Page 468]]

                (3) A resolution once introduced with respect to a 
            contingency plan shall immediately be referred to a 
            committee (and all resolutions with respect to the same 
            contingency plan shall be referred to the same committee) by 
            the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be.
                (4)(A) If the committee to which a resolution with 
            respect to a contingency plan has been referred has not 
            reported it at the end of 20 calendar days after its 
            referral in the case of any energy conservation contingency 
            plan or at the end of 10 calendar days after its referral in 
            the case of any rationing contingency plan, it shall be in 
            order to move either to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration of such resolution or to discharge the 
            committee from further consideration of any other resolution 
            with respect to such contingency plan which has been 
            referred to the committee.
                (B) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported a resolution with respect to the same 
            contingency plan), and debate thereon shall be limited to 
            not more than 1 hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. Except to the 
            extent provided in paragraph (7)(A), an amendment to the 
            motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order 
            to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (C) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the committee be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same contingency plan.
                (5)(A) When the committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, it 
            shall be at any time thereafter in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (B) Debate on the resolution referred to in subparagraph 
            (A) of this paragraph shall be limited to not more than 10 
            hours, which shall be divided equally between those favoring 
            and those opposing such resolution. A motion further to 
            limit debate shall not be debatable. Except to the extent 
            provided in paragraph (7)(B), an amendment to, or motion to 
            recommit the resolution shall not be in order, and it shall 
            not be in order to move to reconsider the vote by which such 
            resolution was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (6)(A) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from committee, or the consideration of a 
            resolution and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (B) Appeals from the decision of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedures 
            relating to a resolution shall be decided without debate.
                (7) With respect to any rationing contingency plan--
                            (A) In the consideration of any motion to 
                        discharge any committee from further 
                        consideration of any resolution on any such 
                        plan, it

[[Page 469]]

                        shall be in order after debate allowed for under 
                        paragraph (4)(B) to offer an amendment in the 
                        nature of a substitute for such motion--

                                (i) consisting of a motion to discharge 
                            such committee from further consideration of 
                            a resolution described in paragraph 
                            (2)(B)(i) with respect to any rationing 
                            contingency plan, if the discharge motion 
                            sought to be amended relates to a resolution 
                            described in paragraph (2)(B)(ii) with 
                            respect to the same such plan, or

                                (ii) consisting of a motion to discharge 
                            such committee from further consideration of 
                            a resolution described in paragraph 
                            (2)(B)(ii) with respect to any rationing 
                            contingency plan, if the discharge motion 
                            sought to be amended relates to a resolution 
                            described in paragraph (2)(B)(i) with 
                            respect to the same such plan.

                An amendment described in this subparagraph shall not be 
            amendable. Debate on such an amendment shall be limited to 
            not more than 1 hour, which shall be divided equally between 
            those favoring and those opposing the amendment.
                            (B) In the consideration of any resolution 
                        on any such plan which has been reported by a 
                        committee, it shall be in order at any time 
                        during the debate allowed for under paragraph 
                        (5)(B) to offer an amendment in the nature of a 
                        substitute for such resolution--

                                (i) consisting of the text of a 
                            resolution described in paragraph (2)(B)(i) 
                            with respect to any rationing contingency 
                            plan, if the resolution sought to be amended 
                            is a resolution described in paragraph 
                            (2)(B)(ii) with respect to the same such 
                            plan, or

                                (ii) consisting of the text of a 
                            resolution described in paragraph (2)(B)(ii) 
                            with respect to any rationing contingency 
                            plan, if the resolution sought to be amended 
                            is a resolution described in paragraph 
                            (2)(B)(i) with respect to the same such 
                            plan.

                An amendment described in this subparagraph shall not be 
            amendable.
                            (C) If one House receives from the other 
                        House a resolution with respect to a rationing 
                        contingency plan, then the following procedure 
                        applies:

                                (i) the resolution of the other House 
                            with respect to such plan shall not be 
                            referred to a committee;

                                (ii) in the case of a resolution of the 
                            first House with respect to such plan--

                                        (I) the procedure with respect 
                                    to that or other resolutions of such 
                                    House with respect to such plan 
                                    shall be the same as if no 
                                    resolution from the other House with 
                                    respect to such plan had been 
                                    received; but

                                        (II) on any vote on final 
                                    passage of a resolution of the first 
                                    House with respect to such plan a 
                                    resolution from the other House with 
                                    respect to such plan which has the 
                                    same effect shall be automatically 
                                    substituted for the resolution of 
                                    the first House.

                            (D) Notwithstanding any of the preceding 
                        provisions of this subsection, if a House has 
                        approved a resolution with respect to a 
                        rationing contingency plan, then it shall not be 
                        in order to consider in that House any other 
                        resolution under this section with respect

[[Page 470]]

                        to the approval of such plan. (Pub. L. 94-163, 
                        Title V, Sec. 552, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 967; 
                        Pub. L. 96-102, title I, Sec. Sec. 103(b)(2), 
                        105(a)(4), (b)(6), Nov. 5, 1979, 93 Stat. 753, 
                        756; Pub. L. 105-388, Sec. 5(a)(16), Nov. 13, 
                        1998, 112 Stat. 3479.)
            
                   Chapter 92--POWERPLANT AND INDUSTRIAL FUEL USE

       398  Sec. 8374. Emergency authorities
            (a) Coal allocation authority
                (1) If the President--
                            (A) declares a severe energy supply 
                        interruption, as defined in section 6202(8) of 
                        this title, or
                            (B) finds, and publishes such finding, that 
                        a national or regional fuel supply shortage 
                        exists or may exist which the President 
                        determines--

                                (i) is, or is likely to be, of 
                            significant scope and duration, and of an 
                            emergency nature;

                                (ii) causes, or may cause, major adverse 
                            impact on public health, safety, or welfare 
                            or on the economy; and

                                (iii) results, or is likely to result, 
                            from an interruption in the supply of coal 
                            or from sabotage, or an act of God;

            the President may, by order, allocate coal (and require the 
            transportation thereof) for the use of any electric 
            powerplant or major fuel-burning installation, in accordance 
            with such terms and conditions as he may prescribe, to 
            insure reliability of electric service or prevent 
            unemployment, or protect public health, safety, or welfare.

                (2) For purposes of this subsection, the term ``coal'' 
            means anthracite and bituminous coal and lignite (but does 
            not mean any fuel derivative thereof).
            (b) Emergency prohibition on use of natural gas or petroleum
                If the President declares a severe energy supply 
            interruption, as defined in section 6202(8) of this title, 
            the President may, by order, prohibit any electric 
            powerplant or major fuel-burning installation from using 
            natural gas or petroleum, or both, as a primary energy 
            source for the duration of such interruption. 
            Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, any 
            suspension of emission limitations or other requirements of 
            applicable implementation plans, as defined in section 
            7410(d) of this title, required by such prohibition shall be 
            issued only in accordance with section 7410(f) of this 
            title.
            (c) Emergency stays
                The President may, by order, stay the application of any 
            provision of this chapter, or any rule or order thereunder, 
            applicable to any new or existing electric powerplant, if 
            the President finds, and publishes such finding, that an 
            emergency exists, due to national, regional, or systemwide 
            shortages of coal or other alternate fuels, or disruption of 
            transportation facilities, which emergency is likely to 
            affect reliability of service of any such electric 
            powerplant.
            (d) Duration of emergency orders
                (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), any order 
            issued by the President under this section shall not be 
            effective for longer than the

[[Page 471]]

            duration of the interruption or emergency, or 90 days, 
            whichever is less.
                (2) Any such order may be extended by a subsequent order 
            which the President shall transmit to the Congress in 
            accordance with section 6421 of this title. Such order shall 
            be subject to congressional review pursuant to such section.
                (3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the effectiveness of 
            any order issued under this section shall not terminate 
            under this subsection during the 15-calendar-day period 
            during which any such subsequent order described in 
            paragraph (2) is subject to congressional review under 
            section 6421 of this title.
                (4) For purposes of this subsection, the provisions of 
            this subsection supersede the provisions of subchapter II of 
            chapter 34 of title 50.
            (e) Delegation of authority prohibited
                The authority of the President to issue any order under 
            this section may not be delegated. This subsection shall not 
            be construed to prevent the President from directing any 
            Federal agency to issue rules or regulations or take such 
            other action, consistent with this section, in the 
            implementation of such order.
            (f) Publication and reports to Congress of orders
                Any order issued under this section shall be published 
            in the Federal Register. To the greatest extent practicable, 
            the President shall, before issuing any order under this 
            section, but in no event later than 5 days after issuing 
            such order, report to the Congress of his intention to issue 
            such order and state his reasons therefor. (Pub. L. 95-620, 
            Title IV, Sec. 404, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3319; Pub. L. 
            100-42, Sec. 1(c)(15), May 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 313.)
            
                          Chapter 108--NUCLEAR WASTE POLICY

       399  Sec. 10135. Review of repository site selection
            (a) ``Resolution of repository siting approval'' defined
                For purposes of this section, the term ``resolution of 
            repository siting approval'' means a joint resolution of the 
            Congress, the matter after the resolving clause of which is 
            as follows: ``That there hereby is approved the site at 
            _____ for a repository, with respect to which a notice of 
            disapproval was submitted by _____ on _____''. The first 
            blank space in such resolution shall be filled with the name 
            of the geographic location of the proposed site of the 
            repository to which such resolution pertains; the second 
            blank space in such resolution shall be filled with the 
            designation of the State Governor and legislature or Indian 
            tribe governing body submitting the notice of disapproval to 
            which such resolution pertains; and the last blank space in 
            such resolution shall be filled with the date of such 
            submission.
            (b) State or Indian tribe petitions
                The designation of a site as suitable for application 
            for a construction authorization for a repository shall be 
            effective at the end of the 60-day period beginning on the 
            date that the President recommends such site to the Congress 
            under section 10134 of this title, unless the Governor and 
            legislature of the State in which such site is located, or 
            the governing body of an Indian tribe on whose reservation 
            such site

[[Page 472]]

            is located, as the case may be, has submitted to the 
            Congress a notice of disapproval under section 10136 or 
            10138 of this title. If any such notice of disapproval has 
            been submitted, the designation of such site shall not be 
            effective except as provided under subsection (c).
            (c) Congressional review of petitions
                If any notice of disapproval of a repository site 
            designation has been submitted to the Congress under section 
            10136 or 10138 of this title after a recommendation for 
            approval of such site is made by the President under section 
            10134 of this title, such site shall be disapproved unless, 
            during the first period of 90 calendar days of continuous 
            session of the Congress after the date of the receipt by the 
            Congress of such notice of disapproval, the Congress passes 
            a resolution of repository siting approval in accordance 
            with this subsection approving such site, and such 
            resolution thereafter becomes law.
            (d) Procedures applicable to Senate
                (1) The provisions of this subsection are enacted by the 
            Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate, and as such they are deemed a 
                        part of the rules of the Senate, but applicable 
                        only with respect to the procedure to be 
                        followed in the Senate in the case of 
                        resolutions of repository siting approval, and 
                        such provisions supersede other rules of the 
                        Senate only to the extent that they are 
                        inconsistent with such other rules; and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change the 
                        rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        the Senate) at any time, in the same manner and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate.
                (2)(A) Not later than the first day of session following 
            the day on which any notice of disapproval of a repository 
            site selection is submitted to the Congress under section 
            10136 or 10138 of this title, a resolution of repository 
            siting approval shall be introduced (by request) in the 
            Senate by the chairman of the committee to which such notice 
            of disapproval is referred, or by a Member or Members of the 
            Senate designated by such chairman.
                (B) Upon introduction, a resolution of repository siting 
            approval shall be referred to the appropriate committee or 
            committees of the Senate by the President of the Senate, and 
            all such resolutions with respect to the same repository 
            site shall be referred to the same committee or committees. 
            Upon the expiration of 60 calendar days of continuous 
            session after the introduction of the first resolution of 
            repository siting approval with respect to any site, each 
            committee to which such resolution was referred shall make 
            its recommendations to the Senate.
                (3) If any committee to which is referred a resolution 
            of siting approval introduced under paragraph (2)(A), or, in 
            the absence of such a resolution, any other resolution of 
            siting approval introduced with respect to the site 
            involved, has not reported such resolution at the end of 60 
            days of continuous session of Congress after introduction of 
            such resolution, such committee shall be deemed to be 
            discharged from further consideration of such resolution, 
            and such resolution shall be placed on the appropriate 
            calendar of the Senate.
                (4)(A) When each committee to which a resolution of 
            siting approval has been referred has reported, or has been 
            deemed to be discharged from further consideration of, a 
            resolution described in paragraph (3),

[[Page 473]]

            it shall at any time thereafter be in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) 
            for any Member of the Senate to move to proceed to the 
            consideration of such resolution. Such motion shall be 
            highly privileged and shall not be debatable. Such motion 
            shall not be subject to amendment, to a motion to postpone, 
            or to a motion to proceed to the consideration of other 
            business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which such 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. 
            If a motion to proceed to the consideration of such 
            resolution is agreed to, such resolution shall remain the 
            unfinished business of the Senate until disposed of.
                (B) Debate on a resolution of siting approval, and on 
            all debatable motions and appeals in connection with such 
            resolution, shall be limited to not more than 10 hours, 
            which shall be divided equally between Members favoring and 
            Members opposing such resolution. A motion further to limit 
            debate shall be in order and shall not be debatable. Such 
            motion shall not be subject to amendment, to a motion to 
            postpone, or to a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, and a motion to recommit such resolution 
            shall not be in order. A motion to reconsider the vote by 
            which such resolution is agreed to or disagreed to shall not 
            be in order.
                (C) Immediately following the conclusion of the debate 
            on a resolution of siting approval, and a single quorum call 
            at the conclusion of such debate if requested in accordance 
            with the rules of the Senate, the vote on final approval of 
            such resolution shall occur.
                (D) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure 
            relating to a resolution of siting approval shall be decided 
            without debate.
                (5) If the Senate receives from the House a resolution 
            of repository siting approval with respect to any site, then 
            the following procedure shall apply:
                            (A) The resolution of the House with respect 
                        to such site shall not be referred to a 
                        committee.
                            (B) With respect to the resolution of the 
                        Senate with respect to such site--

                                (i) the procedure with respect to that 
                            or other resolutions of the Senate with 
                            respect to such site shall be the same as if 
                            no resolution from the House with respect to 
                            such site had been received; but

                                (ii) on any vote on final passage of a 
                            resolution of the Senate with respect to 
                            such site, a resolution from the House with 
                            respect to such site where the text is 
                            identical shall be automatically substituted 
                            for the resolution of the Senate.

            (e) Procedures applicable to House of Representatives
                (1) The provisions of this section are enacted by the 
            Congress--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the House of Representatives, and as such 
                        they are deemed a part of the rules of the 
                        House, but applicable only with respect to the 
                        procedure to be followed in the House in the 
                        case of resolutions of repository siting 
                        approval, and such provisions supersede other 
                        rules of the House only to the extent that they 
                        are inconsistent with such other rules; and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the House to change the 
                        rules (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        the

[[Page 474]]

                        House) at any time, in the same manner and to 
                        the same extent as in the case of any other rule 
                        of the House.
                (2) Resolutions of repository siting approval shall upon 
            introduction, be immediately referred by the Speaker of the 
            House to the appropriate committee or committees of the 
            House. Any such resolution received from the Senate shall be 
            held at the Speaker's table.
                (3) Upon the expiration of 60 days of continuous session 
            after the introduction of the first resolution of repository 
            siting approval with respect to any site, each committee to 
            which such resolution was referred shall be discharged from 
            further consideration of such resolution, and such 
            resolution shall be referred to the appropriate calendar, 
            unless such resolution or an identical resolution was 
            previously reported by each committee to which it was 
            referred.
                (4) It shall be in order for the Speaker to recognize a 
            Member favoring a resolution to call up a resolution of 
            repository siting approval after it has been on the 
            appropriate calendar for 5 legislative days. When any such 
            resolution is called up, the House shall proceed to its 
            immediate consideration and the Speaker shall recognize the 
            Member calling up such resolution and a Member opposed to 
            such resolution for 2 hours of debate in the House, to be 
            equally divided and controlled by such Members. When such 
            time has expired, the previous question shall be considered 
            as ordered on the resolution to adoption without intervening 
            motion. No amendment to any such resolution shall be in 
            order, nor shall it be in order to move to reconsider the 
            vote by which such resolution is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (5) If the House receives from the Senate a resolution 
            of repository siting approval with respect to any site, then 
            the following procedure shall apply:
                            (A) The resolution of the Senate with 
                        respect to such site shall not be referred to a 
                        committee.
                            (B) With respect to the resolution of the 
                        House with respect to such site--

                                (i) the procedure with respect to that 
                            or other resolutions of the House with 
                            respect to such site shall be the same as if 
                            no resolution from the Senate with respect 
                            to such site had been received; but

                                (ii) on any vote on final passage of a 
                            resolution of the House with respect to such 
                            site, a resolution from the Senate with 
                            respect to such site where the text is 
                            identical shall be automatically substituted 
                            for the resolution of the House.

            (f) Computation of days
                For purposes of this section--
                            (1) continuity of session of Congress is 
                        broken only by an adjournment sine die; and
                            (2) the days on which either House is not in 
                        session because of an adjournment of more than 3 
                        days to a day certain are excluded in the 
                        computation of the 90-day period referred to in 
                        subsection

[[Page 475]]

                        (c) and the 60-day period referred to in 
                        subsections (d) and (e). (Pub. L. 97-425, Title 
                        I, Sec. 115, Jan. 7, 1983, 96 Stat. 2217.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       400  Sec. 10155. Storage of spent nuclear fuel

                                    * * * * * * *

                (6)(A) Upon deciding to provide an aggregate of 300 or 
            more metric tons of storage capacity under subsection (a)(1) 
            at any one site, the Secretary shall notify the Governor and 
            legislature of the State where such site is located, or the 
            governing body of the Indian tribe in whose reservation such 
            site is located, as the case may be, of such decision. 
            During the 60-day period following receipt of notification 
            by the Secretary of his decision to provide an aggregate of 
            300 or more metric tons of storage capacity at any one site, 
            the Governor or legislature of the State in which such site 
            is located, or the governing body of the affected Indian 
            tribe where such site is located, as the case may be, may 
            disapprove the provision of 300 or more metric tons of 
            storage capacity at the site involved and submit to the 
            Congress a notice of such disapproval. A notice of 
            disapproval shall be considered to be submitted to the 
            Congress on the date of the transmittal of such notice of 
            disapproval to the Speaker of the House and the President 
            pro tempore of the Senate. Such notice of disapproval shall 
            be accompanied by a statement of reasons explaining why the 
            provision of such storage capacity at such site was 
            disapproved by such Governor or legislature or the governing 
            body of such Indian tribe.
                (B) Unless otherwise provided by State law, the Governor 
            or legislature of each State shall have authority to submit 
            a notice of disapproval to the Congress under subparagraph 
            (A). In any case in which State law provides for submission 
            of any such notice of disapproval by any other person or 
            entity, any reference in this part to the Governor or 
            legislature of such State shall be considered to refer 
            instead to such other person or entity.
                (C) The authority of the Governor and legislature of 
            each State under this paragraph shall not be applicable with 
            respect to any site located on a reservation.
                (D) If any notice of disapproval is submitted to the 
            Congress under subparagraph (A), the proposed provision of 
            300 or more metric tons of storage capacity at the site 
            involved shall be disapproved unless, during the first 
            period of 90 calendar days of continuous session of the 
            Congress following the date of the receipt by the Congress 
            of such notice of disapproval, the Congress passes a 
            resolution approving such proposed provision of storage 
            capacity in accordance with the procedures established in 
            this paragraph and subsections (d) through (f) of section 
            10135 of this title and such resolution thereafter becomes 
            law. For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``resolution'' 
            means a joint resolution of either House of the Congress, 
            the matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
            follows: ``That there hereby is approved the provision of 
            300 or more metric tons of spent nuclear fuel storage 
            capacity at the site located at _____, with respect to which 
            a notice of disapproval was submitted by _____ on _____.''. 
            The first blank space in such resolution shall be filled 
            with the geographic location of the site involved; the 
            second blank space in such resolution shall be filled with 
            the designation of the State Governor and legislature

[[Page 476]]

            or affected Indian tribe governing body submitting the 
            notice of disapproval involved; and the last blank space in 
            such resolution shall be filled with the date of submission 
            of such notice of disapproval.
                (E) For purposes of the consideration of any resolution 
            described in subparagraph (D), each reference in subsections 
            (d) and (e) of section 10135 of this title to a resolution 
            of repository siting approval shall be considered to refer 
            to the resolution described in such subparagraph.
                (7) As used in this section, the term ``affected Tribal 
            Council'' means the governing body of any Indian tribe 
            within whose reservation boundaries there is located a 
            potentially acceptable site for interim storage capacity of 
            spent nuclear fuel from civilian nuclear power reactors, or 
            within whose boundaries a site for such capacity is selected 
            by the Secretary, or whose federally defined possessory or 
            usage rights to other lands outside of the reservation's 
            boundaries arising out of congressionally ratified treaties, 
            as determined by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to a 
            petition filed with him by the appropriate governmental 
            officials of such tribe, may be substantially and adversely 
            affected by the establishment of any such storage capacity.
            (e) Limitations
                Any spent nuclear fuel stored under this section shall 
            be removed from the storage site or facility involved as 
            soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 3 years 
            following the date on which a repository or monitored 
            retrievable storage facility developed under this chapter is 
            available for disposal of such spent nuclear fuel. (Pub. L. 
            97-425, Title I, Sec. 135, Jan. 7, 1983, 96 Stat. 2232.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       401  Sec. 10161. Monitored retrievable storage

                                    * * * * * * *

            (b) Submission of proposal by Secretary
                (1) On or before June 1, 1985, the Secretary shall 
            complete a detailed study of the need for and feasibility 
            of, and shall submit to the Congress a proposal for, the 
            construction of one or more monitored retrievable storage 
            facilities for high-level radioactive waste and spent 
            nuclear fuel. Each such facility shall be designed--
                            (A) to accommodate spent nuclear fuel and 
                        high-level radioactive waste resulting from 
                        civilian nuclear activities;
                            (B) to permit continuous monitoring, 
                        management, and maintenance of such spent fuel 
                        and waste for the foreseeable future;
                            (C) to provide for the ready retrieval of 
                        such spent fuel and waste for further processing 
                        or disposal; and
                            (D) to safely store such spent fuel and 
                        waste as long as may be necessary by maintaining 
                        such facility through appropriate means, 
                        including any required replacement of such 
                        facility.
                (2) Such proposal shall include--
                            (A) the establishment of a Federal program 
                        for the siting, development, construction, and 
                        operation of facilities capable of safely 
                        storing high-level radioactive waste and spent 
                        nuclear fuel, which facilities are to be 
                        licensed by the Commission;
                            (B) a plan for the funding of the 
                        construction and operation of such facilities, 
                        which plan shall provide that the costs of such 
                        activities shall be borne by the generators and 
                        owners of the high-level

[[Page 477]]

                        radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel to be 
                        stored in such facilities;
                            (C) site-specific designs, specifications, 
                        and cost estimates sufficient to (i) solicit 
                        bids for the construction of the first such 
                        facility; (ii) support congressional 
                        authorization of the construction of such 
                        facility; and (iii) enable completion and 
                        operation of such facility as soon as 
                        practicable following congressional 
                        authorization of such facility; and
                            (D) a plan for integrating facilities 
                        constructed pursuant to this section with other 
                        storage and disposal facilities authorized in 
                        this chapter.
                (3) In formulating such proposal, the Secretary shall 
            consult with the Commission and the Administrator, and shall 
            submit their comments on such proposal to the Congress at 
            the time such proposal is submitted.
                (4) The proposal shall include, for the first such 
            facility, at least 3 alternative sites and at least 5 
            alternative combinations of such proposed sites and facility 
            designs consistent with the criteria of paragraph (1). The 
            Secretary shall recommend the combination among the 
            alternatives that the Secretary deems preferable. The 
            environmental assessment under subsection (c) shall include 
            a full analysis of the relative advantages and disadvantages 
            of all 5 such alternative combinations of proposed sites and 
            proposed facility designs.
            (c) Environmental impact statements
                (1) Preparation and submission to the Congress of the 
            proposal required in this section shall not require the 
            preparation of an environmental impact statement under 
            section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act 
            of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)). The Secretary shall prepare, 
            in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary 
            implementing such Act [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.], an 
            environmental assessment with respect to such proposal. Such 
            environmental assessment shall be based upon available 
            information regarding alternative technologies for the 
            storage of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive 
            waste. The Secretary shall submit such environmental 
            assessment to the Congress at the time such proposal is 
            submitted.
                (2) If the Congress by law, after review of the proposal 
            submitted by the Secretary under subsection (b), 
            specifically authorizes construction of a monitored 
            retrievable storage facility, the requirements of the 
            National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
            seq.) shall apply with respect to construction of such 
            facility, except that any environmental impact statement 
            prepared with respect to such facility shall not be required 
            to consider the need for such facility or any alternative to 
            the design criteria for such facility set forth in 
            subsection (b)(1).
            (d) Licensing
                Any facility authorized pursuant to this section shall 
            be subject to licensing under section 5842(3) of this title. 
            In reviewing the application filed by the Secretary for 
            licensing of the first such facility, the Commission may not 
            consider the need for such facility or any alternative to 
            the design criteria for such facility set forth in 
            subsection (b)(1).
            (e) Clarification
                Nothing in this section limits the consideration of 
            alternative facility designs consistent with the criteria of 
            paragraph (b)(1) in any environ

[[Page 478]]

            mental impact statement, or in any licensing procedure of 
            the Commission, with respect to any monitored, retrievable 
            facility authorized pursuant to this section.
            (f) Impact assistance
                (1) Upon receipt by the Secretary of congressional 
            authorization to construct a facility described in 
            subsection (b), the Secretary shall commence making annual 
            impact aid payments to appropriate units of general local 
            government in order to mitigate any social or economic 
            impacts resulting from the construction and subsequent 
            operation of any such facility within the jurisdictional 
            boundaries of any such unit.
                (2) Payments made available to units of general local 
            government under this subsection shall be--
                            (A) allocated in a fair and equitable 
                        manner, with priority given to units of general 
                        local government determined by the Secretary to 
                        be most severely affected; and
                            (B) utilized by units of general local 
                        government only for planning, construction, 
                        maintenance, and provision of public services 
                        related to the siting of such facility.
                (3) Such payments shall be subject to such terms and 
            conditions as the Secretary determines are necessary to 
            ensure achievement of the purposes of this subsection. The 
            Secretary shall issue such regulations as may be necessary 
            to carry out the provisions of this subsection.
                (4) Such payments shall be made available entirely from 
            funds held in the Nuclear Waste Fund established in section 
            10222(c) of this title and shall be available only to the 
            extent provided in advance in appropriation Acts.
                (5) The Secretary may consult with appropriate units of 
            general local government in advance of commencement of 
            construction of any such facility in an effort to determine 
            the level of payments each such unit is eligible to receive 
            under this subsection.
            (g) Limitation
                No monitored retrievable storage facility developed 
            pursuant to this section may be constructed in any State in 
            which there is located any site approved for site 
            characterization under section 10132 of this title. The 
            restriction in the preceding sentence shall only apply until 
            such time as the Secretary decides that such candidate site 
            is no longer a candidate site under consideration for 
            development as a repository. Such restriction shall continue 
            to apply to any site selected for construction as a 
            repository.
            (h) Participation of States and Indian tribes
                Any facility authorized pursuant to this section shall 
            be subject to the provisions of sections 10135, 10136(a), 
            10136(b), 10136(d), 10137, and 10138 of this title. For 
            purposes of carrying out the provisions of this subsection, 
            any reference in sections 10135 through 10138 of this title 
            to a repository shall be considered to refer to a monitored 
            retrievable storage facility. (Pub. L. 97-425, Title I, 
            Sec. 141, Jan. 7, 1983, 96 Stat. 2241.)

[[Page 479]]


       402  Sec. 10165. Site selection
            (a) In general
                The Secretary may select the site evaluated under 
            section 10164 of this title that the Secretary determines on 
            the basis of available information to be the most suitable 
            for a monitored retrievable storage facility that is an 
            integral part of the system for the disposal of spent 
            nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste established 
            under this chapter. (Pub. L. 97-425, Title I, Sec. 145, as 
            added Pub. L. 100-202, Sec. 101(d) [Title III, Sec. 300], 
            Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329-104, 1329-121; Pub. L. 100-
            203, Title V, Sec. 5021, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330-234.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       403  Sec. 10166. Notice of disapproval
            (a) In general
                The selection of a site under section 10165 of this 
            title shall be effective at the end of the period of 60 
            calendar days beginning on the date of notification under 
            such subsection, unless the governing body of the Indian 
            tribe on whose reservation such site is located, or, if the 
            site is not on a reservation, the Governor and the 
            legislature of the State in which the site is located, has 
            submitted to Congress a notice of disapproval with respect 
            to such site. If any such notice of disapproval has been 
            submitted under this subsection, the selection of the site 
            under section 10165 of this title shall not be effective 
            except as provided under section 10135(c) of this title.
            (b) References
                For purposes of carrying out the provisions of this 
            subsection, references in section 10135(c) of this title to 
            a repository shall be considered to refer to a monitored 
            retrievable storage facility and references to a notice of 
            disapproval of a repository site designation under section 
            10136(b) or 10138(a) of this title shall be considered to 
            refer to a notice of disapproval under this section. (Pub. 
            L. 97-425, Title I, Sec. 146, as added Pub. L. 100-202, 
            Sec. 101(d) [Title III, Sec. 300], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 
            1329-104, 1329-121; Pub. L. 100-203, Title V, Sec. 5021, 
            Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330-235.)
       404  Sec. 10222. Nuclear Waste Fund
            (a) Contracts
                (1) In the performance of his functions under this 
            chapter, the Secretary is authorized to enter into contracts 
            with any person who generates or holds title to high-level 
            radioactive waste, or spent nuclear fuel, of domestic origin 
            for the acceptance of title, subsequent transportation, and 
            disposal of such waste or spent fuel. Such contracts shall 
            provide for payment to the Secretary of fees pursuant to 
            paragraphs (2) and (3) sufficient to offset expenditures 
            described in subsection (d).
                (2) For electricity generated by a civilian nuclear 
            power reactor and sold on or after the date 90 days after 
            January 7, 1983, the fee under paragraph (1) shall be equal 
            to 1.0 mil per kilowatt-hour.
                (3) For spent nuclear fuel, or solidified high-level 
            radioactive waste derived from spent nuclear fuel, which 
            fuel was used to generate electricity in a civilian nuclear 
            power reactor prior to the application of the fee under 
            paragraph (2) to such reactor, the Secretary shall, not

[[Page 480]]

            later than 90 days after January 7, 1983, establish a 1 time 
            fee per kilogram of heavy metal in spent nuclear fuel, or in 
            solidified high-level radioactive waste. Such fee shall be 
            in an amount equivalent to an average charge of 1.0 mil per 
            kilowatt-hour for electricity generated by such spent 
            nuclear fuel, or such solidified high-level waste derived 
            therefrom, to be collected from any person delivering such 
            spent nuclear fuel or high-level waste, pursuant to section 
            10143 of this title, to the Federal Government. Such fee 
            shall be paid to the Treasury of the United States and shall 
            be deposited in the separate fund established by subsection 
            (c). In paying such a fee, the person delivering spent fuel, 
            or solidified high-level radioactive wastes derived 
            therefrom, to the Federal Government shall have no further 
            financial obligation to the Federal Government for the long-
            term storage and permanent disposal of such spent fuel, or 
            the solidified high-level radioactive waste derived 
            therefrom.
                (4) Not later than 180 days after January 7, 1983, the 
            Secretary shall establish procedures for the collection and 
            payment of the fees established by paragraph (2) and 
            paragraph (3). The Secretary shall annually review the 
            amount of the fees established by paragraphs (2) and (3) 
            above to evaluate whether collection of the fee will provide 
            sufficient revenues to offset the costs as defined in 
            subsection (d) herein. In the event the Secretary determines 
            that either insufficient or excess revenues are being 
            collected, in order to recover the costs incurred by the 
            Federal Government that are specified in subsection (d), the 
            Secretary shall propose an adjustment to the fee to insure 
            full cost recovery. The Secretary shall immediately transmit 
            this proposal for such an adjustment to Congress. The 
            adjusted fee proposed by the Secretary shall be effective 
            after a period of 90 days of continuous session have elapsed 
            following the receipt of such transmittal unless during such 
            90-day period either House of Congress adopts a resolution 
            disapproving the Secretary's proposed adjustment in 
            accordance with the procedures set forth for congressional 
            review of an energy action under section 6421 of this title. 
            (Pub. L. 97-425, Title III, Sec. 302, Jan. 7, 1983, 96 Stat. 
            2257.)

                                    * * * * * * *
                               43 u.s.c.--public lands

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 481]]
 
                               TITLE 43--PUBLIC LANDS

            
                             Chapter 29--SUBMERGED LANDS

       405  Sec. 1337. Leases, easements, and rights-of-way on the outer 
                Continental Shelf

                                    * * * * * * *

                (4)(A) The Secretary of Energy shall submit any bidding 
            system authorized in subparagraph (H) of paragraph (1) to 
            the Senate and House of Representatives. The Secretary may 
            institute such bidding system unless either the Senate or 
            the House of Representatives passes a resolution of 
            disapproval within thirty days after receipt of the bidding 
            system.
                (B) Subparagraphs (C) through (J) of this paragraph are 
            enacted by Congress--
                            (i) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such they are deemed a part 
                        of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
                        they are applicable only with respect to the 
                        procedures to be followed in that House in the 
                        case of resolutions described by this paragraph, 
                        and they supersede other rules only to the 
                        extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
                            (ii) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rules (so far as relating to the procedure 
                        of that House) at any time, in the same manner, 
                        and to the same extent as in the case of any 
                        other rule of that House.
                (C) A resolution disapproving a bidding system submitted 
            pursuant to this paragraph shall immediately be referred to 
            a committee (and all resolutions with respect to the same 
            request shall be referred to the same committee) by the 
            President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be.
                (D) If the committee to which has been referred any 
            resolution disapproving the bidding system of the Secretary 
            has not reported the resolution at the end of ten calendar 
            days after its referral, it shall be in order to move either 
            to discharge the committee from further consideration of the 
            resolution or to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration of any other resolution with respect to the 
            same bidding system which has been referred to the 
            committee.
                (E) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported a resolution with respect to the same 
            recommendation), and debate thereon shall be limited to not 
            more than one hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
            the motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
            agreed to or disagreed to.
                (F) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the committee be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same bidding system.

[[Page 482]]

                (G) When the committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution as 
            provided in this paragraph, it shall be at any time 
            thereafter in order (even though a previous motion to the 
            same effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the 
            consideration of the resolution. The motion shall be highly 
            privileged and shall not be debatable. An amendment to the 
            motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order 
            to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed 
            to or disagreed to.
                (H) Debate on the resolution is limited to not more than 
            two hours, to be divided equally between those favoring and 
            those opposing the resolution. A motion further to limit 
            debate is not debatable. An amendment to, or motion to 
            recommit, the resolution is not in order, and it is not in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the resolution 
            is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (I) Motions to postpone, made with respect to the 
            discharge from the committee, or the consideration of a 
            resolution with respect to a bidding system, and motions to 
            proceed to the consideration of other business, shall be 
            decided without debate.
                (J) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedure 
            relating to a resolution with respect to a bidding system 
            shall be decided without debate. (Aug. 7, 1953, ch. 345, 
            Sec. 8, 67 Stat. 468; Pub. L. 95-372, Title II, Sec. 205(a), 
            (b), Sept. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 640, 644; Pub. L. 99-272, 
            Title VIII, Sec. 8003, Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 148; Pub. L. 
            100-202, Sec. 101(g) [Title I, Sec. 100], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 
            Stat. 1329-213, 1329-225; Pub. L. 103-426, Sec. 1(a), Oct. 
            31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4371; Pub. L. 104-58, Title III, 
            Sec. Sec. 302, 303, Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 563, 565; Pub. 
            L. 105-362, Title IX, Sec. 901(k), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 
            3290; Pub. L. 106-53, Title II, Sec. 215(b)(1), Aug. 17, 
            1999, 113 Stat. 292; Pub. L. 109-58, Title III, 
            Sec. Sec. 346, 388(a), (c), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 704, 
            744, 747.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                   Chapter 35--FEDERAL LAND POLICY AND MANAGEMENT

       406  Sec. 1712. Land use plans
            (a) Development, maintenance, and revision by Secretary
                The Secretary shall, with public involvement and 
            consistent with the terms and conditions of this Act, 
            develop, maintain, and, when appropriate, revise land use 
            plans which provide by tracts or areas for the use of the 
            public lands. Land use plans shall be developed for the 
            public lands regardless of whether such lands previously 
            have been classified, withdrawn, set aside, or otherwise 
            designated for one or more uses.
            (b) Coordination of plans for National Forest System lands 
                with Indian land use planning and management programs 
                for purposes of development and revision
                In the development and revision of land use plans, the 
            Secretary of Agriculture shall coordinate land use plans for 
            lands in the National Forest System with the land use 
            planning and management programs of and for Indian tribes 
            by, among other things, considering the policies of approved 
            tribal land resource management programs.

[[Page 483]]

            (c) Criteria for development and revision
                In the development and revision of land use plans, the 
            Secretary shall--
                            (1) use and observe the principles of 
                        multiple use and sustained yield set forth in 
                        this and other applicable law;
                            (2) use a systematic interdisciplinary 
                        approach to achieve integrated consideration of 
                        physical, biological, economic, and other 
                        sciences;
                            (3) give priority to the designation and 
                        protection of areas of critical environmental 
                        concern;
                            (4) rely, to the extent it is available, on 
                        the inventory of the public lands, their 
                        resources, and other values;
                            (5) consider present and potential uses of 
                        the public lands;
                            (6) consider the relative scarcity of the 
                        values involved and the availability of 
                        alternative means (including recycling) and 
                        sites for realization of those values;
                            (7) weigh long-term benefits to the public 
                        against short-term benefits;
                            (8) provide for compliance with applicable 
                        pollution control laws, including State and 
                        Federal air, water, noise, or other pollution 
                        standards or implementation plans; and
                            (9) to the extent consistent with the laws 
                        governing the administration of the public 
                        lands, coordinate the land use inventory, 
                        planning, and management activities of or for 
                        such lands with the land use planning and 
                        management programs of other Federal departments 
                        and agencies and of the States and local 
                        governments within which the lands are located, 
                        including, but not limited to, the statewide 
                        outdoor recreation plans developed under chapter 
                        2003 of title 54, and of or for Indian tribes 
                        by, among other things, considering the policies 
                        of approved State and tribal land resource 
                        management programs. In implementing this 
                        directive, the Secretary shall, to the extent he 
                        finds practical, keep apprised of State, local, 
                        and tribal land use plans; assure that 
                        consideration is given to those State, local, 
                        and tribal plans that are germane in the 
                        development of land use plans for public lands; 
                        assist in resolving, to the extent practical, 
                        inconsistencies between Federal and non-Federal 
                        Government plans, and shall provide for 
                        meaningful public involvement of State and local 
                        government officials, both elected and 
                        appointed, in the development of land use 
                        programs, land use regulations, and land use 
                        decisions for public lands, including early 
                        public notice of proposed decisions which may 
                        have a significant impact on non-Federal lands. 
                        Such officials in each State are authorized to 
                        furnish advice to the Secretary with respect to 
                        the development and revision of land use plans, 
                        land use guidelines, land use rules, and land 
                        use regulations for the public lands within such 
                        State and with respect to such other land use 
                        matters as may be referred to them by him. Land 
                        use plans of the Secretary under this section 
                        shall be consistent with State and local plans 
                        to the maximum extent he finds consistent with 
                        Federal law and the purposes of this Act.

[[Page 484]]

            (d) Review and inclusion of classified public lands; review 
                of existing land use plans; modification and termination 
                of classifications
                Any classification of public lands or any land use plan 
            in effect on October 21, 1976, is subject to review in the 
            land use planning process conducted under this section, and 
            all public lands, regardless of classification, are subject 
            to inclusion in any land use plan developed pursuant to this 
            section. The Secretary may modify or terminate any such 
            classification consistent with such land use plans.
            (e) Management decisions for implementation of developed or 
                revised plans
                The Secretary may issue management decisions to 
            implement land use plans developed or revised under this 
            section in accordance with the following:
                            (1) Such decisions, including but not 
                        limited to exclusions (that is, total 
                        elimination) of one or more of the principal or 
                        major uses made by a management decision shall 
                        remain subject to reconsideration, modification, 
                        and termination through revision by the 
                        Secretary or his delegate, under the provisions 
                        of this section, of the land use plan involved.
                            (2) Any management decision or action 
                        pursuant to a management decision that excludes 
                        (that is, totally eliminates) one or more of the 
                        principal or major uses for two or more years 
                        with respect to a tract of land of one hundred 
                        thousand acres or more shall be reported by the 
                        Secretary to the House of Representatives and 
                        the Senate. If within ninety days from the 
                        giving of such notice (exclusive of days on 
                        which either House has adjourned for more than 
                        three consecutive days), the Congress adopts a 
                        concurrent resolution of nonapproval of the 
                        management decision or action, then the 
                        management decision or action shall be promptly 
                        terminated by the Secretary. If the committee to 
                        which a resolution has been referred during the 
                        said ninety day period, has not reported it at 
                        the end of thirty calendar days after its 
                        referral, it shall be in order to either 
                        discharge the committee from further 
                        consideration of such resolution or to discharge 
                        the committee from consideration of any other 
                        resolution with respect to the management 
                        decision or action. A motion to discharge may be 
                        made only by an individual favoring the 
                        resolution, shall be highly privileged (except 
                        that it may not be made after the committee has 
                        reported such a resolution), and debate thereon 
                        shall be limited to not more than one hour, to 
                        be divided equally between those favoring and 
                        those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
                        the motion shall not be in order, and it shall 
                        not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
                        by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed 
                        to. If the motion to discharge is agreed to or 
                        disagreed to, the motion may not be made with 
                        respect to any other resolution with respect to 
                        the same management decision or action. When the 
                        committee has reprinted, or has been discharged 
                        from further consideration of a resolution, it 
                        shall at any time thereafter be in order (even 
                        though a previous motion to the same effect has 
                        been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the 
                        consideration of the resolution. The motion 
                        shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
                        debatable. An amendment to the motion

[[Page 485]]

                        shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
                        order to move to reconsider the vote by which 
                        the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                            (3) Withdrawals made pursuant to section 
                        1714 of this title may be used in carrying out 
                        management decisions, but public lands shall be 
                        removed from or restored to the operation of the 
                        Mining Law of 1872, as amended (R.S. 2318-2352; 
                        30 U.S.C. 21 et seq.) or transferred to another 
                        department, bureau, or agency only by withdrawal 
                        action pursuant to section 1714 of this title or 
                        other action pursuant to applicable law: 
                        Provided, That nothing in this section shall 
                        prevent a wholly owned Government corporation 
                        from acquiring and holding rights as a citizen 
                        under the Mining Law of 1872.
            (f) Procedures applicable to formulation of plans and 
                programs for public land management
                The Secretary shall allow an opportunity for public 
            involvement and by regulation shall establish procedures, 
            including public hearings where appropriate, to give 
            Federal, State, and local governments and the public, 
            adequate notice and opportunity to comment upon and 
            participate in the formulation of plans and programs 
            relating to the management of the public lands. (Pub. L. 94-
            579, Title II, Sec. 202, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2747; Pub. 
            L. 113-287, Sec. 5(l)(6), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3271.)
       407  Sec. 1713. Sales of public land tracts
            (a) Criteria for disposal; excepted lands
                A tract of the public lands (except land in units of the 
            National Wilderness Preservation System, National Wild and 
            Scenic Rivers Systems, and National System of Trails) may be 
            sold under this Act where, as a result of land use planning 
            required under section 1712 of this title, the Secretary 
            determines that the sale of such tract meets the following 
            disposal criteria:
                            (1) such tract because of its location or 
                        other characteristics is difficult and 
                        uneconomic to manage as part of the public 
                        lands, and is not suitable for management by 
                        another Federal department or agency; or
                            (2) such tract was acquired for a specific 
                        purpose and the tract is no longer required for 
                        that or any other Federal purpose; or
                            (3) disposal of such tract will serve 
                        important public objectives, including but not 
                        limited to, expansion of communities and 
                        economic development, which cannot be achieved 
                        prudently or feasibly on land other than public 
                        land and which outweigh other public objectives 
                        and values, including, but not limited to, 
                        recreation and scenic values, which would be 
                        served by maintaining such tract in Federal 
                        ownership.
            (b) Conveyance of land of agricultural value and desert in 
                character
                Where the Secretary determines that land to be conveyed 
            under clause (3) of subsection (a) of this section is of 
            agricultural value and is desert in character, such land 
            shall be conveyed either under the sale authority of this 
            section or in accordance with other existing law.

[[Page 486]]

            (c) Congressional approval procedures applicable to tracts 
                in excess of two thousand five hundred acres
                Where a tract of the public lands in excess of two 
            thousand five hundred acres has been designated for sale, 
            such sale may be made only after the end of the ninety days 
            (not counting days on which the House of Representatives or 
            the Senate has adjourned for more than three consecutive 
            days) beginning on the day the Secretary has submitted 
            notice of such designation to the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives, and then only if the Congress has not 
            adopted a concurrent resolution stating that such House does 
            not approve of such designation. If the committee to which a 
            resolution has been referred during the said ninety day 
            period, has not reported it at the end of thirty calendar 
            days after its referral, it shall be in order to either 
            discharge the committee from further consideration of such 
            resolution or to discharge the committee from consideration 
            of any other resolution with respect to the designation. A 
            motion to discharge may be made only by an individual 
            favoring the resolution, shall be highly privileged (except 
            that it may not be made after the committee has reported 
            such a resolution), and debate thereon shall be limited to 
            not more than one hour, to be divided equally between those 
            favoring and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to 
            the motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in 
            order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to. If the motion to discharge is 
            agreed to or disagreed to, the motion may not be made with 
            respect to any other resolution with respect to the same 
            designation. When the committee has reprinted, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of a resolution, it 
            shall at any time thereafter be in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
            (d) Sale price
                Sales of public lands shall be made at a price not less 
            than their fair market value as determined by the Secretary.
            (e) Maximum size of tracts
                The Secretary shall determine and establish the size of 
            tracts of public lands to be sold on the basis of the land 
            use capabilities and development requirements of the lands; 
            and, where any such tract which is judged by the Secretary 
            to be chiefly valuable for agriculture is sold, its size 
            shall be no larger than necessary to support a family-sized 
            farm.
            (f) Competitive bidding requirements
                Sales of public lands under this section shall be 
            conducted under competitive bidding procedures to be 
            established by the Secretary. However, where the Secretary 
            determines it necessary and proper in order (1) to assure 
            equitable distribution among purchasers of lands, or (2) to 
            recognize equitable considerations or public policies, 
            including but not limited to, a preference to users, he may 
            sell those lands with modified competitive bidding or 
            without competitive bidding. In recog

[[Page 487]]

            nizing public policies, the Secretary shall give 
            consideration to the following potential purchasers:
                            (1) the State in which the land is located;
                            (2) the local government entities in such 
                        State which are in the vicinity of the land;
                            (3) adjoining landowners;
                            (4) individuals; and
                            (5) any other person.
            (g) Acceptance or rejection of offers to purchase
                The Secretary shall accept or reject, in writing, any 
            offer to purchase made through competitive bidding at his 
            invitation no later than thirty days after the receipt of 
            such offer or, in the case of a tract in excess of two 
            thousand five hundred acres, at the end of thirty days after 
            the end of the ninety-day period provided in subsection (c) 
            of this section, whichever is later, unless the offeror 
            waives his right to a decision within such thirty-day 
            period. Prior to the expiration of such periods the 
            Secretary may refuse to accept any offer or may withdraw any 
            land or interest in land from sale under this section when 
            he determines that consummation of the sale would not be 
            consistent with this Act or other applicable law. (Pub. L. 
            94-579, Title II, Sec. 203, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2750.)
       408  Sec. 1714. Withdrawals of lands
            (a) Authorization and limitation; delegation of authority
                On and after the effective date of this Act the 
            Secretary is authorized to make, modify, extend, or revoke 
            withdrawals but only in accordance with the provisions and 
            limitations of this section. The Secretary may delegate this 
            withdrawal authority only to individuals in the Office of 
            the Secretary who have been appointed by the President, by 
            and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
            (b) Application and procedures applicable subsequent to 
                submission of application
                (1) Within thirty days of receipt of an application for 
            withdrawal, and whenever he proposes a withdrawal on his own 
            motion, the Secretary shall publish a notice in the Federal 
            Register stating that the application has been submitted for 
            filing or the proposal has been made and the extent to which 
            the land is to be segregated while the application is being 
            considered by the Secretary. Upon publication of such notice 
            the land shall be segregated from the operation of the 
            public land laws to the extent specified in the notice. The 
            segregative effect of the application shall terminate upon 
            (a) rejection of the application by the Secretary, (b) 
            withdrawal of lands by the Secretary, or (c) the expiration 
            of two years from the date of the notice.
                (2) The publication provisions of this subsection are 
            not applicable to withdrawals under subsection (e) hereof.
            (c) Congressional approval procedures applicable to 
                withdrawals aggregating five thousand acres or more
                (1) On and after October 21, 1976, a withdrawal 
            aggregating five thousand acres or more may be made (or such 
            a withdrawal or any other withdrawal involving in the 
            aggregate five thousand acres or more which terminates after 
            such date of approval may be extended) only

[[Page 488]]

            for a period of not more than twenty years by the Secretary 
            on his own motion or upon request by a department or agency 
            head. The Secretary shall notify both Houses of Congress of 
            such a withdrawal no later than its effective date and the 
            withdrawal shall terminate and become ineffective at the end 
            of ninety days (not counting days on which the Senate or the 
            House of Representatives has adjourned for more than three 
            consecutive days) beginning on the day notice of such 
            withdrawal has been submitted to the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives, if the Congress has adopted a concurrent 
            resolution stating that such House does not approve the 
            withdrawal. If the committee to which a resolution has been 
            referred during the said ninety day period, has not reported 
            it at the end of thirty calendar days after its referral, it 
            shall be in order to either discharge the committee from 
            further consideration of such resolution or to discharge the 
            committee from consideration of any other resolution with 
            respect to the Presidential recommendation. A motion to 
            discharge may be made only by an individual favoring the 
            resolution, shall be highly privileged (except that it may 
            not be made after the committee has reported such a 
            resolution), and debate thereon shall be limited to not more 
            than one hour, to be divided equally between those favoring 
            and those opposing the resolution. An amendment to the 
            motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order 
            to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to. If the motion to discharge is 
            agreed to or disagreed to, the motion may not be made with 
            respect to any other resolution with respect to the same 
            Presidential recommendation. When the committee has 
            reprinted, or has been discharged from further consideration 
            of a resolution, it shall at any time thereafter be in order 
            (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of the 
            resolution. The motion shall be highly privileged and shall 
            not be debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in 
            order, and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to.
                (2) With the notices required by subsection (c)(1) of 
            this section and within three months after filing the notice 
            under subsection (e) of this section, the Secretary shall 
            furnish to the committees--
                            (1) a clear explanation of the proposed use 
                        of the land involved which led to the 
                        withdrawal;
                            (2) an inventory and evaluation of the 
                        current natural resource uses and values of the 
                        site and adjacent public and nonpublic land and 
                        how it appears they will be affected by the 
                        proposed use, including particularly aspects of 
                        use that might cause degradation of the 
                        environment, and also the economic impact of the 
                        change in use on individuals, local communities, 
                        and the Nation;
                            (3) an identification of present users of 
                        the land involved, and how they will be affected 
                        by the proposed use;
                            (4) an analysis of the manner in which 
                        existing and potential resource uses are 
                        incompatible with or in conflict with the 
                        proposed use, together with a statement of the 
                        provisions to be made for continuation or 
                        termination of existing uses, including an 
                        economic analysis of such continuation or 
                        termination;
                            (5) an analysis of the manner in which such 
                        lands will be used in relation to the specific 
                        requirements for the proposed use;

[[Page 489]]

                            (6) a statement as to whether any suitable 
                        alternative sites are available (including cost 
                        estimates) for the proposed use or for uses such 
                        a withdrawal would displace;
                            (7) a statement of the consultation which 
                        has been or will be had with other Federal 
                        departments and agencies, with regional, State, 
                        and local government bodies, and with other 
                        appropriate individuals and groups;
                            (8) a statement indicating the effect of the 
                        proposed uses, if any, on State and local 
                        government interests and the regional economy;
                            (9) a statement of the expected length of 
                        time needed for the withdrawal;
                            (10) the time and place of hearings and of 
                        other public involvement concerning such 
                        withdrawal;
                            (11) the place where the records on the 
                        withdrawal can be examined by interested 
                        parties; and
                            (12) a report prepared by a qualified mining 
                        engineer, engineering geologist, or geologist 
                        which shall include but not be limited to 
                        information on: general geology, known mineral 
                        deposits, past and present mineral production, 
                        mining claims, mineral leases, evaluation of 
                        future mineral potential, present and potential 
                        market demands.
            (d) Withdrawals aggregating less than five thousand acres; 
                procedure applicable
                A withdrawal aggregating less than five thousand acres 
            may be made under this subsection by the Secretary on his 
            own motion or upon request by a department or an agency 
            head--
                            (1) for such period of time as he deems 
                        desirable for a resource use; or
                            (2) for a period of not more than twenty 
                        years for any other use, including but not 
                        limited to use for administrative sites, 
                        location of facilities, and other proprietary 
                        purposes; or
                            (3) for a period of not more than five years 
                        to preserve such tract for a specific use then 
                        under consideration by the Congress.
            (e) Emergency withdrawals; procedure applicable; duration
                When the Secretary determines, or when the Committee on 
            Natural Resources of the House of Representatives or the 
            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
            notifies the Secretary, that an emergency situation exists 
            and that extraordinary measures must be taken to preserve 
            values that would otherwise be lost, the Secretary 
            notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (c)(1) and (d) 
            of this section, shall immediately make a withdrawal and 
            file notice of such emergency withdrawal with both of those 
            Committees. Such emergency withdrawal shall be effective 
            when made but shall last only for a period not to exceed 
            three years and may not be extended except under the 
            provisions of subsection (c)(1) or (d), whichever is 
            applicable, and (b)(1) of this section. The information 
            required in subsection (c)(2) of this subsection shall be 
            furnished the committees within three months after filing 
            such notice.
            (f) Review of existing withdrawals and extensions; procedure 
                applicable to extensions; duration
                All withdrawals and extensions thereof, whether made 
            prior to or after October 21, 1976, having a specific period 
            shall be reviewed by

[[Page 490]]

            the Secretary toward the end of the withdrawal period and 
            may be extended or further extended only upon compliance 
            with the provisions of subsection (c)(1) or (d), whichever 
            is applicable, and only if the Secretary determines that the 
            purpose for which the withdrawal was first made requires the 
            extension, and then only for a period no longer than the 
            length of the original withdrawal period. The Secretary 
            shall report on such review and extensions to the Committee 
            on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.
            (g) Processing and adjudication of existing applications
                All applications for withdrawal pending on October 21, 
            1976 shall be processed and adjudicated to conclusion within 
            fifteen years of October 21, 1976, in accordance with the 
            provisions of this section. The segregative effect of any 
            application not so processed shall terminate on that date.
            (h) Public hearing required for new withdrawals
                All new withdrawals made by the Secretary under this 
            section (except an emergency withdrawal made under 
            subsection (e) of this section) shall be promulgated after 
            an opportunity for a public hearing.
            (i) Consent for withdrawal of lands under administration of 
                department or agency other than Department of the 
                Interior
                In the case of lands under the administration of any 
            department or agency other than the Department of the 
            Interior, the Secretary shall make, modify, and revoke 
            withdrawals only with the consent of the head of the 
            department or agency concerned, except when the provisions 
            of subsection (e) of this section apply.
            (j) Applicability of other Federal laws withdrawing lands as 
                limiting authority
                The Secretary shall not make, modify, or revoke any 
            withdrawal created by Act of Congress; make a withdrawal 
            which can be made only by Act of Congress; modify or revoke 
            any withdrawal creating national monuments under chapter 
            3203 of title 54; or modify, or revoke any withdrawal which 
            added lands to the National Wildlife Refuge System prior to 
            October 21, 1976, or which thereafter adds lands to that 
            System under the terms of this Act. Nothing in this Act is 
            intended to modify or change any provision of the Act of 
            February 27, 1976 (90 Stat. 199; 16 U.S.C. 668dd(a)).
            (k) Authorization of appropriations for processing 
                applications
                There is hereby authorized to be appropriated the sum of 
            $10,000,000 for the purpose of processing withdrawal 
            applications pending on the effective date of this Act, to 
            be available until expended.
            (l) Review of existing withdrawals in certain States; 
                procedure applicable for determination of future status 
                of lands; authorization of appropriations
                (1) The Secretary shall, within fifteen years of October 
            21, 1976, review withdrawals existing on October 21, 1976, 
            in the States of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, 
            Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and 
            Wyoming of (1) all Federal lands other than withdrawals of 
            the public lands administered by the Bureau of Land 
            Management and of lands which, on October 21, 1976, were 
            part of

[[Page 491]]

            Indian reservations and other Indian holdings, the National 
            Forest System, the National Park System, the National 
            Wildlife Refuge System, other lands administered by the Fish 
            and Wildlife Service or the Secretary through the Fish and 
            Wildlife Service, the National Wild and Scenic Rivers 
            System, and the National System of Trails; and (2) all 
            public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management 
            and of lands in the National Forest System (except those in 
            wilderness areas, and those areas formally identified as 
            primitive or natural areas or designated as national 
            recreation areas) which closed the lands to appropriation 
            under the Mining Law of 1872 (17 Stat. 91, as amended; 30 
            U.S.C. 22 et seq.) or to leasing under the Mineral Leasing 
            Act of 1920 (41 Stat. 437, as amended; 30 U.S.C. 181 et 
            seq.).
                (2) In the review required by paragraph (1) of this 
            subsection, the Secretary shall determine whether, and for 
            how long, the continuation of the existing withdrawal of the 
            lands would be, in his judgment, consistent with the 
            statutory objectives of the programs for which the lands 
            were dedicated and of the other relevant programs. The 
            Secretary shall report his recommendations to the President, 
            together with statements of concurrence or nonconcurrence 
            submitted by the heads of the departments or agencies which 
            administer the lands. The President shall transmit this 
            report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the 
            House of Representatives, together with his recommendations 
            for action by the Secretary, or for legislation. The 
            Secretary may act to terminate withdrawals other than those 
            made by Act of the Congress in accordance with the 
            recommendations of the President unless before the end of 
            ninety days (not counting days on which the Senate and the 
            House of Representatives has adjourned for more than three 
            consecutive days) beginning on the day the report of the 
            President has been submitted to the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives the Congress has adopted a concurrent 
            resolution indicating otherwise. If the committee to which a 
            resolution has been referred during the said ninety day 
            period, has not reported it at the end of thirty calendar 
            days after its referral, it shall be in order to either 
            discharge the committee from further consideration of such 
            resolution or to discharge the committee from consideration 
            of any other resolution with respect to the Presidential 
            recommendation. A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported such a resolution), and debate 
            thereon shall be limited to not more than one hour, to be 
            divided equally between those favoring and those opposing 
            the resolution. An amendment to the motion shall not be in 
            order, and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to. 
            If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed to, the 
            motion may not be made with respect to any other resolution 
            with respect to the same Presidential recommendation. When 
            the committee has reprinted, or has been discharged from 
            further consideration of a resolution, it shall at any time 
            thereafter be in order (even though a previous motion to the 
            same effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the 
            consideration of the resolution. The motion shall be highly 
            privileged and shall not be debatable. An amendment to the 
            motion shall not be in order, and it shall not be in order 
            to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was 
            agreed to or disagreed to.

[[Page 492]]

                (3) There are hereby authorized to be appropriated not 
            more than $10,000,000 for the purpose of paragraph (1) of 
            this subsection to be available until expended to the 
            Secretary and to the heads of other departments and agencies 
            which will be involved. (Pub. L. 94-579, Title II, Sec. 204, 
            Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2751; Pub. L. 103-437, 
            Sec. 16(d)(1), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4594; Pub. L. 113-
            287, Sec. 5(l)(7), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3271.)
       409  Sec. 1722. Sale of public lands subject to unintentional 
                trespass
            (a) Preference right of contiguous landowners; offering 
                price
                Notwithstanding the provisions of the Act of September 
            26, 1968 (82 Stat. 870; 43 U.S.C. 1431-1435), hereinafter 
            called the ``1968 Act'', with respect to applications under 
            the 1968 Act which were pending before the Secretary as of 
            the effective date of this subsection and which he approves 
            for sale under the criteria prescribed by the 1968 Act, he 
            shall give the right of first refusal to those having a 
            preference right under section 2 of the 1968 Act [43 U.S.C. 
            1432]. The Secretary shall offer such lands to such 
            preference right holders at their fair market value 
            (exclusive of any values added to the land by such holders 
            and their predecessors in interest) as determined by the 
            Secretary as of September 26, 1973.
            (b) Procedures applicable
                Within three years after October 21, 1976, the Secretary 
            shall notify the filers of applications subject to paragraph 
            (a) of this section whether he will offer them the lands 
            applied for and at what price; that is, their fair market 
            value as of September 26, 1973, excluding any value added to 
            the lands by the applicants or their predecessors in 
            interest. He will also notify the President of the Senate 
            and the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the lands 
            which he has determined not to sell pursuant to paragraph 
            (a) of this section and the reasons therefor. With respect 
            to such lands which the Secretary determined not to sell, he 
            shall take no other action to convey those lands or 
            interests in them before the end of ninety days (not 
            counting days on which the House of Representatives or the 
            Senate has adjourned for more than three consecutive days) 
            beginning on the date the Secretary has submitted such 
            notice to the Senate and House of Representatives. If, 
            during that ninety-day period, the Congress adopts a 
            concurrent resolution stating the length of time such 
            suspension of action should continue, he shall continue such 
            suspension for the specified time period. If the committee 
            to which a resolution has been referred during the said 
            ninety-day period, has not reported it at the end of thirty 
            calendar days after its referral, it shall be in order to 
            either discharge the committee from further consideration of 
            such resolution or to discharge the committee from 
            consideration of any other resolution with respect to the 
            suspension of action. A motion to discharge may be made only 
            by an individual favoring the resolution, shall be highly 
            privileged (except that it may not be made after the 
            committee has reported such a resolution), and debate 
            thereon shall be limited to not more than one hour, to be 
            divided equally between those favoring and those opposing 
            the resolution. An amendment to the motion shall not be in 
            order, and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider 
            the vote by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to. 
            If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed to, the 
            motion may not be made with respect

[[Page 493]]

            to any other resolution with respect to the same suspension 
            of action. When the committee has reprinted, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of a resolution, it 
            shall at any time thereafter be in order (even though a 
            previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to 
            move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The 
            motion shall be highly privileged and shall not be 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall not be in order, 
            and it shall not be in order to move to reconsider the vote 
            by which the motion was agreed to or disagreed to. (Pub. L. 
            94-579, Title II, Sec. 214, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2760.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                    Chapter 38--CRUDE OIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

       410  Sec. 2008. Procedures for waiver of Federal law
            (a) Waiver of provisions of Federal law
                The President may identify those provisions of Federal 
            law (including any law or laws regarding the location of a 
            crude oil transportation system but not including any 
            provision of the antitrust laws) which, in the national 
            interest, as determined by the President, should be waived 
            in whole or in part to facilitate construction or operation 
            of any such system approved under section 2007 of this title 
            or of the Long Beach-Midland project, and he shall submit 
            any such proposed waiver to both Houses of the Congress. The 
            provisions so identified shall be waived with respect to 
            actions to be taken to construct or operate such system or 
            project only upon enactment of a joint resolution within the 
            first period of 60 calendar days of continuous session of 
            Congress beginning on the date of receipt by the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate of such proposal.
            (b) Joint resolution
                The resolving clause of the joint resolution referred to 
            in subsection (a) is as follows: ``That the House of 
            Representatives and Senate approve the waiver of the 
            provisions of law ( ) as proposed by the President, 
            submitted to the Congress on _____, 19__.''. The first blank 
            space therein being filled with the citation to the 
            provisions of law proposed to be waived by the President and 
            the second blank space therein being filled with the date on 
            which the President submits his decision to wave \25\ such 
            provisions of law to the House of Representatives and the 
            Senate. Rules and procedures for consideration of any such 
            joint resolution shall be governed by section 719f(c) and 
            (d) of title 15, other than paragraph (2) of section 719f(d) 
            of title 15, except that for the purposes of this 
            subsection, the phrase ``a waiver of provisions of law'' 
            shall be substituted in section 719f(d) of title 15 each 
            place where the phrase ``an Alaska natural gas 
            transportation system'' appears. (Pub. L. 95-617, Title V, 
            Sec. 508, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3162.)
                \25\ So in original. Probably should be ``waive.''
                   48 u.s.c.--territories and insular possessions

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 494]]
 
                    TITLE 48--TERRITORIES AND INSULAR POSSESSIONS

            
                 Chapter 18--MICRONESIA, MARSHALL ISLANDS, AND PALAU

       411  Sec. 1901. Approval of Compact of Free Association
            (a) Federated States of Micronesia
                The Compact of Free Association set forth in title II of 
            this joint resolution between the United States and the 
            Government of the Federated States of Micronesia is hereby 
            approved, and Congress hereby consents to the subsidiary 
            agreements as set forth on pages 115 through 391 of House 
            Document 98-192 of March 30, 1984, as they relate to such 
            Government. Subject to the provisions of this joint 
            resolution, the President is authorized to agree, in 
            accordance with section 411 of the Compact, to an effective 
            date for and thereafter to implement such Compact, having 
            taken into account any procedures with respect to the United 
            Nations for termination of the Trusteeship Agreement.
            (b) Marshall Islands
                The Compact of Free Association set forth in title II of 
            this joint resolution between the United States and the 
            Government of the Marshall Islands is hereby approved, and 
            Congress hereby consents to the subsidiary agreements as set 
            forth on pages 115 through 391 of House Document 98-192 of 
            March 30, 1984, as they relate to such Government. Subject 
            to the provisions of this joint resolution, the President is 
            authorized to agree, in accordance with section 411 of the 
            Compact, to an effective date for and thereafter to 
            implement such Compact, having taken into account any 
            procedures with respect to the United Nations for 
            termination of the Trusteeship Agreement.
            (c) Reference to Compact
                Any reference in this joint resolution to ``the 
            Compact'' shall be treated as a reference to the Compact of 
            Free Association set forth in title II of this joint 
            resolution.
            (d) Amendment, change, or termination in Compact and certain 
                agreements
                (1) Mutual agreement by the Government of the United 
            States as provided in the Compact which results in 
            amendment, change, or termination of all or any part thereof 
            shall be effected only by Act of Congress and no unilateral 
            action by the Government of the United States provided for 
            in the Compact, and having such result, may be effected 
            other than by Act of Congress.
                (2) The provisions of paragraph (1) shall apply--
                            (A) to all actions of the Government of the 
                        United States under the Compact including, but 
                        not limited to, actions taken pursuant to 
                        sections 431, 432, 441, or 442;
                            (B) to any amendment, change, or termination 
                        in the Agreement between the Government of the 
                        United States and the Government

[[Page 495]]

                        of the Federated States of Micronesia Regarding 
                        Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Security 
                        Concluded Pursuant to Sections 321 and 323 of 
                        the Compact of Free Association referred to in 
                        section 462(j) of the Compact and the Agreement 
                        between the Government of the United States and 
                        the Government of the Marshall Islands 
                        Concerning Mutual Security Concluded Pursuant to 
                        Sections 321 and 323 of the Compact of Free 
                        Association referred to in section 462(k) of the 
                        Compact;
                            (C) to any amendment, change, or termination 
                        of the agreements concluded pursuant to Compact 
                        sections 175, 177, and 221(a)(5), the terms of 
                        which are incorporated by reference into the 
                        Compact; and
                            (D) to the following subsidiary agreements, 
                        or portions thereof:

                                (i) Article II of the agreement referred 
                            to in section 462(a) of the Compact;

                                (ii) Article II of the agreement 
                            referred to in section 462(b) of the 
                            Compact;

                                (iii) Article II and Section 7 of 
                            Article XI of the agreement referred to in 
                            section 462(e) of the Compact;

                                (iv) the agreement referred to in 
                            section 462(f) of the Compact;

                                (v) Articles III and IV of the agreement 
                            referred to in section 462(g) of the 
                            Compact;

                                (vi) Articles III and IV of the 
                            agreement referred to in section 462(h) of 
                            the Compact; and

                                (vii) Articles VI, XV, and XVII of the 
                            agreement referred to in section 462(i) of 
                            the Compact.

            (e) Subsidiary agreements deemed bilateral
                For purposes of implementation of the Compact and this 
            joint resolution, each of the subsidiary agreements referred 
            to in subsections (a) and (b) (whether or not bilateral in 
            form) shall be deemed to be bilateral agreements between the 
            United States and each other party to such subsidiary 
            agreement. The consent or concurrence of any other party 
            shall not be required for the effectiveness of any actions 
            taken by the United States in conjunction with either the 
            Federated States of Micronesia or the Marshall Islands which 
            are intended to affect the implementation, modification, 
            suspension, or termination of any such subsidiary agreement 
            (or any provision thereof) as regards the mutual 
            responsibilities of the United States and the party in 
            conjunction with whom the actions are taken.
            (f) Effective date
                (1) The President shall not agree to an effective date 
            for the Compact, as authorized by this section, until after 
            certifying to Congress that the agreements described in 
            section 1902 of this title and section 1903 of this title 
            have been concluded.
                (2) Any agreement concluded with the Federated States of 
            Micronesia or the Marshall Islands pursuant to sections 1902 
            and 1903 of this title and any agreement which would amend, 
            change, or terminate any subsidiary agreement or portion 
            thereof as set forth in paragraph (4) of this subsection 
            shall be submitted to the Congress. No such agreement shall 
            take effect until after the expiration of 30 days after the 
            date such agreement is so submitted (excluding days on which 
            either House of Congress is not in session).

[[Page 496]]

                (3) No agreement described in paragraph (2) shall take 
            effect if a joint resolution of disapproval is enacted 
            during the period specified in paragraph (2). For the 
            purpose of expediting the consideration of such a joint 
            resolution, a motion to proceed to the consideration of any 
            such joint resolution after it has been reported by an 
            appropriate committee shall be treated as highly privileged 
            in the House of Representatives. Any such joint resolution 
            shall be considered in the Senate in accordance with the 
            provisions of section 601(b) of Public Law 94-329.
                (4) The subsidiary agreements or portions thereof 
            referred to in paragraph (2) are as follows:
                            (A) Articles III and IV of the agreement 
                        referred to in section 462(b) of the Compact.
                            (B) Articles III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, 
                        X, and XI (except for Section 7 thereof) of the 
                        agreement referred to in section 462(e) of the 
                        Compact.
                            (C) Articles IV, V, X, XIV, XVI, and XVIII 
                        of the agreement referred to in section 462(i) 
                        of the Compact.
                            (D) Articles II, V, VI, VII, and VIII of the 
                        agreement referred to in section 462(g) of the 
                        Compact.
                            (E) Articles II, V, VI, and VIII of the 
                        agreement referred to in section 462(h) of the 
                        Compact.
                            (F) The Agreement set forth on pages 388 
                        through 391 of House Document 98-192 of March 
                        30, 1984.
                (5) No agreement between the United States and the 
            Government of either the Federated States of Micronesia or 
            the Marshall Islands which would amend, change, or terminate 
            any subsidiary agreement or portion thereof, other than 
            those set forth in subsection (d) of this section or 
            paragraph (4) of this subsection shall take effect until the 
            President has transmitted such agreement to the President of 
            the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives 
            together with an explanation of the agreement and the 
            reasons therefore. (Pub. L. 99-239, Title I, Sec. 101, Jan. 
            14, 1986, 99 Stat. 1773.)
       412  Sec. 1931. Approval of Compact of Free Association
            (a) Approval
                The Compact of Free Association set forth in title II of 
            this joint resolution between the United States and the 
            Government of Palau is hereby approved, and Congress hereby 
            consents to the agreements as set forth on pages 154 through 
            405 of House Document 99-193 of April 9, 1986 (hereafter in 
            this joint resolution referred to as subsidiary or related 
            agreements), as they relate to such Government. Subject to 
            the provisions of this joint resolution, the President is 
            authorized to agree, in accordance with section 411 of the 
            Compact, to an effective date for and thereafter to 
            implement such Compact, having taken into account any 
            procedures with respect to the United Nations for 
            termination of the Trusteeship Agreement.
            (b) Reference to Compact
                Any reference in this joint resolution to the 
            ``Compact'' shall be treated as a reference to the Compact 
            of Free Association set forth in title II of this joint 
            resolution.

[[Page 497]]

            (c) Amendment, change, or termination of Compact and certain 
                agreements
                (1) Mutual agreement by the Government of the United 
            States as provided in the Compact which results in 
            amendment, change, or termination of all or any part thereof 
            shall be affected only by Act of Congress and no unilateral 
            action by the Government of the United States provided for 
            in the Compact, and having such result, may be effected 
            other than by Act of Congress.
                (2) The provisions of paragraph (1) shall apply--
                            (A) to all actions of the Government of the 
                        United States under the Compact including, but 
                        not limited to, actions taken pursuant to 
                        sections 431, 432, 441, or 442;
                            (B) to any amendment, change, or termination 
                        in any agreement that may be concluded at any 
                        time between the Government of the United States 
                        and the Government of Palau regarding 
                        friendship, cooperation and mutual security 
                        concluded pursuant to sections 321 and 323 of 
                        the Compact referred to in section 462(h);
                            (C) to any amendment, change, or termination 
                        of the agreements concluded pursuant to Compact 
                        sections 175 and 221(a)(4), the terms of which 
                        are incorporated by reference into the Compact; 
                        and
                            (D) to the following subsidiary agreements, 
                        or portions thereof:

                                (i) Article II of the agreement referred 
                            to in section 462(a) of the Compact;

                                (ii) Article II of the agreement 
                            referred to in section 462(b) of the 
                            Compact;

                                (iii) Article II and Section 7 of 
                            Article X of the agreement referred to in 
                            section 462(f) of the Compact;

                                (iv) the agreement referred to in 
                            section 462(g) of the Compact;

                                (v) Articles II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII 
                            of the agreement referred to in section 
                            462(h) of the Compact; and

                                (vi) Articles VI, XV, and XVII of the 
                            agreement referred to in section 462(i) of 
                            the Compact.

            (d) Effective date
                (1) The authority of the President to agree to an 
            effective date for the Compact of Free Association between 
            the United States and Palau concurrently with termination of 
            the Trusteeship shall be carried out in accordance with this 
            section, and the Compact shall not take effect until after--
                            (A) The President has certified to the 
                        Congress that the Compact has been approved in 
                        accordance with Section 411(a) and (b) of the 
                        Compact, and that there exists no legal 
                        impediment to the ability of the United States 
                        to carry out fully its responsibilities and to 
                        exercise its rights under Title Three of the 
                        Compact, as set forth in this Act, and
                            (B) enactment of a joint resolution which 
                        has been reported by the Committee on Energy and 
                        Natural Resources of the Senate and the 
                        Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs and 
                        Foreign Affairs and other appropriate Committees 
                        of the House of Representatives authorizing 
                        entry into force of the Compact, and
                            (C) agreements have been concluded with 
                        Palau which satisfy the requirements of section 
                        1902 of this title. For the purpose of

[[Page 498]]

                        this subsection the word ``Palau'' shall be 
                        substituted for ``Federated States of 
                        Micronesia'' whenever it appears in section 1902 
                        of this title.
                (2) Any agreement concluded with Palau pursuant to 
            subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) and any agreement which 
            would amend, change, or terminate any subsidiary agreement 
            or related agreement, or portion thereof, as set forth in 
            paragraph (4) of this subsection shall be submitted to the 
            Congress. No such agreement shall take effect until after 
            the expiration of 30 days after the date such agreement is 
            so submitted (excluding days on which either House of 
            Congress is not in session).
                (3) No agreement described in paragraph (2) shall take 
            effect if a joint resolution of disapproval is enacted 
            during the period specified in paragraph (2). For the 
            purpose of expediting the consideration of such a joint 
            resolution, a motion to proceed to the consideration of any 
            such joint resolution after it has been reported by an 
            appropriate committee shall be treated as highly privileged 
            in the House of Representatives. Any such joint resolution 
            shall be considered in the Senate in accordance with the 
            provisions of section 601(b) of Public Law 94-329.
                (4) The subsidiary agreement of portions thereof 
            referred to in paragraph (2) are as follows:
                            (A) Articles III and IV of the agreement 
                        referred to in section 462(b) of the Compact.
                            (B) Articles III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, 
                        and X (except for section 7 thereof) of the 
                        agreement referred to in section 462(f) of the 
                        Compact.
                            (C) Articles IV, V, X, XIV, XVI, and XVIII 
                        of the agreement referred to in section 462(i) 
                        of the Compact.
                            (D) Articles II, V, VI, VII, and VIII of the 
                        agreement referred to in section 462(h) of the 
                        Compact.
                            (E) The agreement referred to in section 
                        462(j) of the Compact.
                (5) No agreement between the United States and the 
            Government of Palau which would amend, change, or terminate 
            any subsidiary or related agreement, or portion thereof, 
            other than those set forth in subsection (d) of this section 
            or paragraph (4) of this subsection, shall take effect until 
            the President has transmitted such an agreement to the 
            President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives, together with an explanation of the 
            agreement and the reasons therefor. (Pub. L. 99-658, Title 
            I, Sec. 101, Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3673.)
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                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 499]]
 
                              TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION

            
                                Chapter 449--SECURITY

       413  Sec. 44901 note. Identification standards
                ``(a) Proposed Standards.--
                            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Homeland 
                        Security--

                                ``(A) shall propose minimum standards 
                            for identification documents required of 
                            domestic commercial airline passengers for 
                            boarding an aircraft; and

                                ``(B) may, from time to time, propose 
                            minimum standards amending or replacing 
                            standards previously proposed and 
                            transmitted to Congress and approved under 
                            this section.

                            ``(2) Submission to congress.--Not later 
                        than 6 months after the date of enactment of 
                        this Act [Dec. 17, 2004], the Secretary shall 
                        submit the standards under paragraph (1)(A) to 
                        the Senate and the House of Representatives on 
                        the same day while each House is in session.
                            ``(3) Effective date.--Any proposed 
                        standards submitted to Congress under this 
                        subsection shall take effect when an approval 
                        resolution is passed by the House and the Senate 
                        under the procedures described in subsection (b) 
                        and becomes law.
                ``(b) Congressional Approval Procedures.--
                            ``(1) Rulemaking power.--This subsection is 
                        enacted by Congress--

                                ``(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and the House of 
                            Representatives, respectively, and as such 
                            they are deemed a part of the rules of each 
                            House, respectively, but applicable only 
                            with respect to the procedure to be followed 
                            in that House in the case of such approval 
                            resolutions; and it supersedes other rules 
                            only to the extent that they are 
                            inconsistent therewith; and

                                ``(B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                            same manner and to the same extent as in the 
                            case of any other rule of that House.

                            ``(2) Approval resolution.--For the purpose 
                        of this subsection, the term `approval 
                        resolution' means a joint resolution of 
                        Congress, the matter after the resolving clause 
                        of which is as follows: `That the Congress 
                        approves the proposed standards issued under 
                        section 7220 of the 9/11 Commission 
                        Implementation Act of 2004, transmitted by the 
                        President to the Congress on _____', the blank 
                        space being filled in with the appropriate date.
                            ``(3) Introduction.--Not later than the 
                        first day of session following the day on which 
                        proposed standards are transmitted to the House 
                        of Representatives and the Senate under 
                        subsection (a), an approval resolution--

                                ``(A) shall be introduced (by request) 
                            in the House by the Majority Leader of the 
                            House of Representatives, for himself or 
                            herself and the Minority Leader of the House 
                            of Representa

[[Page 500]]

                            tives, or by Members of the House of 
                            Representatives designated by the Majority 
                            Leader and Minority Leader of the House; and

                                ``(B) shall be introduced (by request) 
                            in the Senate by the Majority Leader of the 
                            Senate, for himself or herself and the 
                            Minority Leader of the Senate, or by Members 
                            of the Senate designated by the Majority 
                            Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate.

                            ``(4) Prohibitions.--

                                ``(A) Amendments.--No amendment to an 
                            approval resolution shall be in order in 
                            either the House of Representatives or the 
                            Senate.

                                ``(B) Motions to suspend.--No motion to 
                            suspend the application of this paragraph 
                            shall be in order in either House, nor shall 
                            it be in order in either House for the 
                            Presiding Officer to entertain a request to 
                            suspend the application of this paragraph by 
                            unanimous consent.

                            ``(5) Referral.--

                                ``(A) In general.--An approval 
                            resolution shall be referred to the 
                            committees of the House of Representatives 
                            and of the Senate with jurisdiction. Each 
                            committee shall make its recommendations to 
                            the House of Representatives or the Senate, 
                            as the case may be, within 45 days after its 
                            introduction. Except as provided in 
                            subparagraph (B), if a committee to which an 
                            approval resolution has been referred has 
                            not reported it at the close of the 45th day 
                            after its introduction, such committee shall 
                            be automatically discharged from further 
                            consideration of the resolution and it shall 
                            be placed on the appropriate calendar.

                                ``(B) Final passage.--A vote on final 
                            passage of the resolution shall be taken in 
                            each House on or before the close of the 
                            15th day after the resolution is reported by 
                            the committee or committees of that House to 
                            which it was referred, or after such 
                            committee or committees have been discharged 
                            from further consideration of the 
                            resolution.

                                ``(C) Computation of days.--For purposes 
                            of this paragraph, in computing a number of 
                            days in either House, there shall be 
                            excluded any day on which that House is not 
                            in session.

                            ``(6) Coordination with action of other 
                        house.--If prior to the passage by one House of 
                        an approval resolution of that House, that House 
                        receives the same approval resolution from the 
                        other House, then the procedure in that House 
                        shall be the same as if no approval resolution 
                        has been received from the other House, but the 
                        vote on final passage shall be on the approval 
                        resolution of the other House.
                            ``(7) Floor consideration in the House of 
                        Representatives.--

                                ``(A) Motion to proceed.--A motion in 
                            the House of Representatives to proceed to 
                            the consideration of an approval resolution 
                            shall be highly privileged and not 
                            debatable. An amendment to the motion shall 
                            not be in order, not shall it be in order to 
                            move to reconsider the vote by which the 
                            motion is agreed to or disagreed to.

                                ``(B) Debate.--Debate in the House of 
                            Representatives on an implementing bill or 
                            approval resolution shall be limited to not 
                            more than 4 hours, which shall be divided 
                            equally between

[[Page 501]]

                            those favoring and those opposing the 
                            resolution. A motion to further limit debate 
                            shall not be debatable. It shall not be in 
                            order to move to recommit an approval 
                            resolution or to move to reconsider the vote 
                            by which an approval resolution is agreed to 
                            or disagreed to.

                                ``(C) Motion to postpone.--Motions to 
                            postpone made in the House of 
                            Representatives with respect to the 
                            consideration of an approval resolution and 
                            motions to proceed to the consideration of 
                            other business shall be decided without 
                            debate.

                                ``(D) Appeals.--All appeals from the 
                            decisions of the Chair relating to the 
                            application of the Rules of the House of 
                            Representatives to the procedure relating to 
                            an approval resolution shall be decided 
                            without debate.

                                ``(E) Rules of the House of 
                            Representatives.--Except to the extent 
                            specifically provided in subparagraphs (A) 
                            through (D), consideration of an approval 
                            resolution shall be governed by the Rules of 
                            the House of Representatives applicable to 
                            other resolutions in similar circumstances.

                            ``(8) Floor consideration in the Senate.--

                                ``(A) Motion to proceed.--A motion in 
                            the Senate to proceed to the consideration 
                            of an approval resolution shall be 
                            privileged and not debatable. An amendment 
                            to the motion shall not be in order, nor 
                            shall it be in order to move to reconsider 
                            the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
                            disagreed to.

                                ``(B) Debate on resolution.--Debate in 
                            the Senate on an approval resolution, and 
                            appeals in connection therewith, shall be 
                            limited to not more than 10 hours, which 
                            shall be equally divided between, and 
                            controlled by, the Majority Leader and the 
                            Minority Leader, or their designees.

                                ``(C) Debate on motions and appeals.--
                            Debate in the Senate on any debatable motion 
                            or appeal in connection with an approval 
                            resolution shall be limited to not more than 
                            1 hour, which shall be equally divided 
                            between, and controlled by, the mover and 
                            the manager of the resolution, except that 
                            in the event the manager of the resolution 
                            is in favor of any such motion or appeal, 
                            the time in opposition thereto, shall be 
                            controlled by the Minority Leader or 
                            designee. Such leaders, or either of them, 
                            may, from time under their control on the 
                            passage of an approval resolution, allot 
                            additional time to any Senator during the 
                            consideration of any debatable motion or 
                            appeal.

                                ``(D) Limit on debate.--A motion in the 
                            Senate to further limit debate is not 
                            debatable. A motion to recommit an approval 
                            resolution is not in order. (Pub. L. 108-
                            458, Title VII, Sec. c7220, Dec. 17, 2004, 
                            118 Stat. 3835.)

                                    * * * * * * *
                         50 u.s.c.--war and national defense

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 502]]
 
                         TITLE 50--WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE

            
                          Chapter 33--WAR POWERS RESOLUTION

       414  Sec. 1543. Reporting requirement
            (a) Written report; time of submission; circumstances 
                necessitating submission; information reported
                In the absence of a declaration of war, in any case in 
            which United States Armed Forces are introduced--
                            (1) into hostilities or into situations 
                        where imminent involvement in hostilities is 
                        clearly indicated by the circumstances;
                            (2) into the territory, airspace or waters 
                        of a foreign nation, while equipped for combat, 
                        except for deployments which relate solely to 
                        supply, replacement, repair, or training of such 
                        forces; or
                            (3) in numbers which substantially enlarge 
                        United States Armed Forces equipped for combat 
                        already located in a foreign nation;the 
                        President shall submit within 48 hours to the 
                        Speaker of the House of Representatives and to 
                        the President pro tempore of the Senate a 
                        report, in writing, setting forth--

                                (A) the circumstances necessitating the 
                            introduction of United States Armed Forces;

                                (B) the constitutional and legislative 
                            authority under which such introduction took 
                            place; and

                                (C) the estimated scope and duration of 
                            the hostilities or involvement.

            (b) Other information reported
                The President shall provide such other information as 
            the Congress may request in the fulfillment of its 
            constitutional responsibilities with respect to committing 
            the Nation to war and to the use of United States Armed 
            Forces abroad.
            (c) Periodic reports; semiannual requirement
                Whenever United States Armed Forces are introduced into 
            hostilities or into any situation described in subsection 
            (a) of this section, the President shall, so long as such 
            armed forces continue to be engaged in such hostilities or 
            situation, report to the Congress periodically on the status 
            of such hostilities or situation as well as on the scope and 
            duration of such hostilities or situation, but in no event 
            shall he report to the Congress less often than once every 
            six months. (Pub. L. 93-148, Sec. 4, Nov. 7, 1973, 87 Stat. 
            555.)
       415  Sec. 1544. Congressional action
            (a) Transmittal of report and referral to Congressional 
                committees; joint request for convening Congress
                Each report submitted pursuant to section 1543(a)(1) of 
            this title shall be transmitted to the Speaker of the House 
            of Representatives and to the President pro tempore of the 
            Senate on the same calendar day. Each report so transmitted 
            shall be referred to the Committee on For

[[Page 503]]

            eign Affairs of the House of Representatives and to the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate for appropriate 
            action. If, when the report is transmitted, the Congress has 
            adjourned sine die or has adjourned for any period in excess 
            of three calendar days, the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate, 
            if they deem it advisable (or if petitioned by at least 30 
            percent of the membership of their respective Houses) shall 
            jointly request the President to convene Congress in order 
            that it may consider the report and take appropriate action 
            pursuant to this section.
            (b) Termination of use of United States Armed Forces; 
                exceptions; extension period
                Within sixty calendar days after a report is submitted 
            or is required to be submitted pursuant to section 
            1543(a)(1) of this title, whichever is earlier, the 
            President shall terminate any use of United States Armed 
            Forces with respect to which such report was submitted (or 
            required to be submitted), unless the Congress (1) has 
            declared war or has enacted a specific authorization for 
            such use of United States Armed Forces, (2) has extended by 
            law such sixty-day period, or (3) is physically unable to 
            meet as a result of an armed attack upon the United States. 
            Such sixty-day period shall be extended for not more than an 
            additional thirty days if the President determines and 
            certifies to the Congress in writing that unavoidable 
            military necessity respecting the safety of United States 
            Armed Forces requires the continued use of such armed forces 
            in the course of bringing about a prompt removal of such 
            forces.
            (c) Concurrent resolution for removal by President of United 
                States Armed Forces
                Notwithstanding subsection (b), at any time that United 
            States Armed Forces are engaged in hostilities outside the 
            territory of the United States, its possessions and 
            territories without a declaration of war or specific 
            statutory authorization, such forces shall be removed by the 
            President if the Congress so directs by concurrent 
            resolution. (Pub. L. 93-148, Sec. 5, Nov. 7, 1973, 87 Stat. 
            556.)
       416  Sec. 1545. Congressional priority procedures for joint 
                resolution or bill
            (a) Time requirement; referral to Congressional committee; 
                single report
                Any joint resolution or bill introduced pursuant to 
            section 1544(b) of this title at least thirty calendar days 
            before the expiration of the sixty-day period specified in 
            such section shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign 
            Affairs of the House of Representatives or the Committee on 
            Foreign Relations of the Senate, as the case may be, and 
            such committee shall report one such joint resolution or 
            bill, together with its recommendations, not later than 
            twenty-four calendar days before the expiration of the 
            sixty-day period specified in such section, unless such 
            House shall otherwise determine by the yeas and nays.
            (b) Pending business; vote
                Any joint resolution or bill so reported shall become 
            the pending business of the House in question (in the case 
            of the Senate the time for debate shall be equally divided 
            between the proponents and the

[[Page 504]]

            opponents), and shall be voted on within three calendar days 
            thereafter, unless such House shall otherwise determine by 
            yeas and nays.
            (c) Referral to other House committee
                Such a joint resolution or bill passed by one House 
            shall be referred to the committee of the other House named 
            in subsection (a) and shall be reported out not later than 
            fourteen calendar days before the expiration of the sixty-
            day period specified in section 1544(b) of this title. The 
            joint resolution or bill so reported shall become the 
            pending business of the House in question and shall be voted 
            on within three calendar days after it has been reported, 
            unless such House shall otherwise determine by yeas and 
            nays.
            (d) Disagreement between Houses
                In the case of any disagreement between the two Houses 
            of Congress with respect to a joint resolution or bill 
            passed by both Houses, conferees shall be promptly appointed 
            and the committee of conference shall make and file a report 
            with respect to such resolution or bill not later than four 
            calendar days before the expiration of the sixty-day period 
            specified in section 1544(b) of this title. In the event the 
            conferees are unable to agree within 48 hours, they shall 
            report back to their respective Houses in disagreement. 
            Notwithstanding any rule in either House concerning the 
            printing of conference reports in the Record or concerning 
            any delay in the consideration of such reports, such report 
            shall be acted on by both Houses not later than the 
            expiration of such sixty-day period. (Pub. L. 93-148, 
            Sec. 6, Nov. 7, 1973, 87 Stat. 557.)
       417  Sec. 1546. Congressional priority procedures for concurrent 
                resolution
            (a) Referral to Congressional committee; single report
                Any concurrent resolution introduced pursuant to section 
            1544(c) of this title shall be referred to the Committee on 
            Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives or the 
            Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, as the case 
            may be, and one such concurrent resolution shall be reported 
            out by such committee together with its recommendations 
            within fifteen calendar days, unless such House shall 
            otherwise determine by the yeas and nays.
            (b) Pending business; vote
                Any concurrent resolution so reported shall become the 
            pending business of the House in question (in the case of 
            the Senate the time for debate shall be equally divided 
            between the proponents and the opponents) and shall be voted 
            on within three calendar days thereafter, unless such House 
            shall otherwise determine by yeas and nays.
            (c) Referral to other House committee
                Such a concurrent resolution passed by one House shall 
            be referred to the committee of the other House named in 
            subsection (a) and shall be reported out by such committee 
            together with its recommendations within fifteen calendar 
            days and shall thereupon become the pending business of such 
            House and shall be voted upon within three calendar days, 
            unless such House shall otherwise determine by yeas and 
            nays.

[[Page 505]]

            (d) Disagreement between Houses
                In the case of any disagreement between the two Houses 
            of Congress with respect to a concurrent resolution passed 
            by both Houses, conferees shall be promptly appointed and 
            the committee of conference shall make and file a report 
            with respect to such concurrent resolution within six 
            calendar days after the legislation is referred to the 
            committee of conference. Notwithstanding any rule in either 
            House concerning the printing of conference reports in the 
            Record or concerning any delay in the consideration of such 
            reports, such report shall be acted on by both Houses not 
            later than six calendar days after the conference report is 
            filed. In the event the conferees are unable to agree within 
            48 hours, they shall report back to their respective Houses 
            in disagreement. (Pub. L. 93-148, Sec. 7, Nov. 7, 1973, 87 
            Stat. 557.)
       418  Sec. 1546a. Expedited procedures for certain joint 
                resolutions and bills
                Any joint resolution or bill introduced in either House 
            which requires the removal of United States Armed Forces 
            engaged in hostilities outside the territory of the United 
            States, its possessions and territories, without a 
            declaration of war or specific statutory authorization shall 
            be considered in accordance with the procedures of section 
            601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms 
            Export Control Act of 1976,\26\ except that any such 
            resolution or bill shall be amendable. If such a joint 
            resolution or bill should be vetoed by the President, the 
            time for debate in consideration of the veto message on such 
            measure shall be limited to twenty hours in the Senate and 
            in the House shall be determined in accordance with the 
            Rules of the House.(Pub. L. 98-164, Title X, Sec. 1013, Nov. 
            22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1062.)
                \26\ Id.

            
                          Chapter 34--NATIONAL EMERGENCIES

       419  Sec. 1621. Declaration of national emergency by President; 
                publication in Federal Register; effect on other laws; 
                superseding legislation
                (a) With respect to Acts of Congress authorizing the 
            exercise, during the period of a national emergency, of any 
            special or extraordinary power, the President is authorized 
            to declare such national emergency. Such proclamation shall 
            immediately be transmitted to the Congress and published in 
            the Federal Register.
                (b) Any provisions of law conferring powers and 
            authorities to be exercised during a national emergency 
            shall be effective and remain in effect (1) only when the 
            President (in accordance with subsection (a) of this 
            section), specifically declares a national emergency, and 
            (2) only in accordance with this chapter. No law enacted 
            after September 14, 1976, shall supersede this subchapter 
            unless it does so in specific terms, referring to this 
            subchapter, and declaring that the new law supersedes the 
            provisions of this subchapter. (Pub. L. 94-412, Title II, 
            Sec. 201, Sept. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1255.)

[[Page 506]]


       420  Sec. 1622. National emergencies
            (a) Termination methods
                Any national emergency declared by the President in 
            accordance with this subchapter shall terminate if--
                            (1) there is enacted into law a joint 
                        resolution terminating the emergency; or
                            (2) the President issues a proclamation 
                        terminating the emergency.
                Any national emergency declared by the President shall 
            be terminated on the date specified in any joint resolution 
            referred to in clause (1) or on the date specified in a 
            proclamation by the President terminating the emergency as 
            provided in clause (2) of this subsection, whichever date is 
            earlier, and any powers or authorities exercised by reason 
            of said emergency shall cease to be exercised after such 
            specified date, except that such termination shall not 
            affect--

                                (A) any action taken or proceeding 
                            pending not finally concluded or determined 
                            on such date;

                                (B) any action or proceeding based on 
                            any act committed prior to such date; or

                                (C) any rights or duties that matured or 
                            penalties that were incurred prior to such 
                            date.

            (b) Termination review of national emergencies by Congress
                Not later than six months after a national emergency is 
            declared, and not later than the end of each six-month 
            period thereafter that such emergency continues, each House 
            of Congress shall meet to consider a vote on a joint 
            resolution to determine whether that emergency shall be 
            terminated.
            (c) Joint resolution; referral to Congressional committees; 
                conference committee in event of disagreement; filing of 
                report; termination procedure deemed part of rules of 
                House and Senate
                            (1) A joint resolution to terminate a 
                        national emergency declared by the President 
                        shall be referred to the appropriate committee 
                        of the House of Representatives or the Senate, 
                        as the case may be. One such joint resolution 
                        shall be reported out by such committee together 
                        with its recommendations within fifteen calendar 
                        days after the day on which such resolution is 
                        referred to such committee, unless such House 
                        shall otherwise determine by the yeas and nays.
                            (2) Any joint resolution so reported shall 
                        become the pending business of the House in 
                        question (in the case of the Senate the time for 
                        debate shall be equally divided between the 
                        proponents and the opponents) and shall be voted 
                        on within three calendar days after the day on 
                        which such resolution is reported, unless such 
                        House shall otherwise determine by yeas and 
                        nays.
                            (3) Such a joint resolution passed by one 
                        House shall be referred to the appropriate 
                        committee of the other House and shall be 
                        reported out by such committee together with its 
                        recommendations within fifteen calendar days 
                        after the day on which such resolution is 
                        referred to such committee and shall thereupon 
                        become the pending business of such House and 
                        shall be voted upon within three

[[Page 507]]

                        calendar days after the day on which such 
                        resolution is reported, unless such House shall 
                        otherwise determine by yeas and nays.
                            (4) In the case of any disagreement between 
                        the two Houses of Congress with respect to a 
                        joint resolution passed by both Houses, 
                        conferees shall be promptly appointed and the 
                        committee of conference shall make and file a 
                        report with respect to such joint resolution 
                        within six calendar days after the day on which 
                        managers on the part of the Senate and the House 
                        have been appointed. Notwithstanding any rule in 
                        either House concerning the printing of 
                        conference reports or concerning any delay in 
                        the consideration of such reports, such report 
                        shall be acted on by both Houses not later than 
                        six calendar days after the conference report is 
                        filed in the House in which such report is filed 
                        first. In the event the conferees are unable to 
                        agree within forty-eight hours, they shall 
                        report back to their respective Houses in 
                        disagreement.
                            (5) Paragraphs (1)-(4) of this subsection, 
                        subsection (b) of this section, and section 
                        1651(b) of this title are enacted by Congress--

                                (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking 
                            power of the Senate and the House of 
                            Representatives, respectively, and as such 
                            they are deemed a part of the rules of each 
                            House, respectively, but applicable only 
                            with respect to the procedure to be followed 
                            in the House in the case of resolutions 
                            described by this subsection; and they 
                            supersede other rules only to the extent 
                            that they are inconsistent therewith; and

                                (B) with full recognition of the 
                            constitutional right of either House to 
                            change the rules (so far as relating to the 
                            procedure of that House) at any time, in the 
                            same manner, and to the same extent as in 
                            the case of any other rule of that House. 
                            (Pub. L. 94-412, Title II, Sec. 202, Sept. 
                            14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1255; Pub. L. 99-93, 
                            Title VIII, Sec. 801, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 
                            Stat. 448.)

                                    * * * * * * *

            
                 Chapter 35--INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY ECONOMIC POWERS

       421  Sec. 1701 note. Burmese freedom and democracy

                                    * * * * * * *

            Sec. 9 Duration of Sanctions
                (a) Termination by Request From Democratic Burma.--The 
            President may terminate any provision in this Act upon the 
            request of a democratically elected government in Burma, 
            provided that all the conditions in section 3(a)(3) have 
            been met.
                (b) Continuation of Import Sanctions.--
                            (1) Expiration.--The import restrictions 
                        contained in section 3(a)(1) shall expire 1 year 
                        from the date of enactment of this Act [July 28, 
                        2003] unless renewed under paragraph (2) of this 
                        section [subsection].
                            (2) Resolution by congress.--The import 
                        restrictions contained in section 3(a)(1) may be 
                        renewed annually for a 1-year period if, prior 
                        to the anniversary of the date of enactment of 
                        this Act, and each year thereafter, a renewal 
                        resolution is enacted into law in accordance 
                        with subsection (c).

[[Page 508]]

                            (3) Limitation.--The import restrictions 
                        contained in section 3(a)(1) may be renewed for 
                        a maximum of twelve years from the date of the 
                        enactment of this Act [July 28, 2003].
                            (4) Rule of construction.--For purposes of 
                        this subsection, any reference to section 
                        3(a)(1) shall be deemed to include a reference 
                        to section 3A(b)(1) and (c)(1).
                (c) Renewal Resolutions.--
                            (1) In general.--For purposes of this 
                        section, the term `renewal resolution' means a 
                        joint resolution of the 2 Houses of Congress, 
                        the sole matter after the resolving clause of 
                        which is as follows: `That Congress approves the 
                        renewal of the import restrictions contained in 
                        section 3(a)(1) and section 3A(b)(1) and (c)(1) 
                        of the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 
                        2003.'.
                            (2) Procedures.--

                                (A) In general.--A renewal resolution--

                                        (i) may be introduced in either 
                                    House of Congress by any member of 
                                    such House at any time within the 
                                    90-day period before the expiration 
                                    of the import restrictions contained 
                                    in section 3(a)(1) and section 
                                    3A(b)(1) and (c)(1); and

                                        (ii) the provisions of 
                                    subparagraph (B) shall apply.

                                (B) Expedited consideration.--The 
                            provisions of section 152(b), (c), (d), (e), 
                            and (f) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 
                            2192 (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f)) apply to a 
                            renewal resolution under this Act as if such 
                            resolution were a resolution described in 
                            section 152(a) of the Trade Act of 1974. 
                            (Pub. L. 112-192, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 
                            1441, as amended by Pub. L. 113-235, div. J, 
                            Title VII, Sec. 7043(b)(8)(A), Dec. 16, 
                            2014, 128 Stat. 2648.)

       422  Sec. 1702. Presidential authorities
            (a) In general
                (1) At the times and to the extent specified in section 
            1701 of this title, the President may, under such 
            regulations as he may prescribe, by means of instructions, 
            licenses, or otherwise--
                            (A) investigate, regulate, or prohibit--

                                (i) any transactions in foreign 
                            exchange,

                                (ii) transfers of credit or payments 
                            between, by, through, or to any banking 
                            institution, to the extent that such 
                            transfers or payments involve any interest 
                            of any foreign country or a national 
                            thereof,

                                (iii) the importing or exporting of 
                            currency or securities, by any person, or 
                            with respect to any property, subject to the 
                            jurisdiction of the United States;

                            (B) investigate, block during the pendency 
                        of an investigation, regulate, direct and 
                        compel, nullify, void, prevent or prohibit, any 
                        acquisition, holding, withholding, use, 
                        transfer, withdrawal, transportation, 
                        importation or exportation of, or dealing in, or 
                        exercising any right, power, or privilege with 
                        respect to, or transactions involving, any 
                        property in which any foreign country or a 
                        national thereof has any interest by any person, 
                        or with respect to any property, subject to the 
                        jurisdiction of the United States; and.1
                            (C) when the United States is engaged in 
                        armed hostilities or has been attacked by a 
                        foreign country or foreign nationals, con

[[Page 509]]

                        fiscate any property, subject to the 
                        jurisdiction of the United States, of any 
                        foreign person, foreign organization, or foreign 
                        country that he determines has planned, 
                        authorized, aided, or engaged in such 
                        hostilities or attacks against the United 
                        States; and all right, title, and interest in 
                        any property so confiscated shall vest, when, 
                        as, and upon the terms directed by the 
                        President, in such agency or person as the 
                        President may designate from time to time, and 
                        upon such terms and conditions as the President 
                        may prescribe, such interest or property shall 
                        be held, used, administered, liquidated, sold, 
                        or otherwise dealt with in the interest of and 
                        for the benefit of the United States, and such 
                        designated agency or person may perform any and 
                        all acts incident to the accomplishment or 
                        furtherance of these purposes. (Pub. L. 95-223, 
                        Title II, Sec. 203, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 
                        1626; Pub. L. 100-418, Title II, 
                        Sec. 2502(b)(1), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1371; 
                        Pub. L. 103-236, Title V, Sec. 525(c)(1), Apr. 
                        30, 1994, 108 Stat. 474; Pub. L. 107-56, Title 
                        I, Sec. 106, Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 277.)

                                    * * * * * * *

       423  Sec. 1706. Savings provisions
            (a) Termination of national emergencies pursuant to National 
                Emergencies Act
                (1) Except as provided in subsection (b), 
            notwithstanding the termination pursuant to the National 
            Emergencies Act [50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] of a national 
            emergency declared for purposes of this chapter, any 
            authorities granted by this chapter, which are exercised on 
            the date of such termination on the basis of such national 
            emergency to prohibit transactions involving property in 
            which a foreign country or national thereof has any 
            interest, may continue to be so exercised to prohibit 
            transactions involving that property if the President 
            determines that the continuation of such prohibition with 
            respect to that property is necessary on account of claims 
            involving such country or its nationals.
                (2) Notwithstanding the termination of the authorities 
            described in section 101(b) of this Act, any such 
            authorities, which are exercised with respect to a country 
            on the date of such termination to prohibit transactions 
            involving any property in which such country or any national 
            thereof has any interest, may continue to be exercised to 
            prohibit transactions involving that property if the 
            President determines that the continuation of such 
            prohibition with respect to that property is necessary on 
            account of claims involving such country or its nationals.
            (b) Congressional termination of national emergencies by 
                concurrent resolution
                The authorities described in subsection (a)(1) may not 
            continue to be exercised under this section if the national 
            emergency is terminated by the Congress by concurrent 
            resolution pursuant to section 202 of the National 
            Emergencies Act [50 U.S.C. 1622] and if the Congress 
            specifies in such concurrent resolution that such 
            authorities may not continue to be exercised under this 
            section.

[[Page 510]]

            (c) Supplemental savings provisions; supersedure of 
                inconsistent provisions
                (1) The provisions of this section are supplemental to 
            the savings provisions of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of 
            section 101(a) [50 U.S.C. 1601(a)(1), (2), (3)] and of 
            paragraphs (A), (B), and (C) of section 202(a) [50 U.S.C. 
            1622(a)(A), (B), and (C)] of the National Emergencies Act.
                (2) The provisions of this section supersede the 
            termination provisions of section 101(a) [50 U.S.C. 1601(a)] 
            and of title II [50 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.] of the National 
            Emergencies Act to the extent that the provisions of this 
            section are inconsistent with these provisions.
            (d) Periodic reports to Congress
                If the President uses the authority of this section to 
            continue prohibitions on transactions involving foreign 
            property interests, he shall report to the Congress every 
            six months on the use of such authority. (Pub. L. 95-223, 
            Title II, Sec. 207, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1628.)
                  51 u.s.c.--national and commercial space programs

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 511]]
 
                  TITLE 51--NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS

            
                   Chapter 509--COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH ACTIVITIES

       424  Sec. 50915. Paying claims exceeding liability insurance and 
                financial responsibility requirements
                (a) General Requirements.--(1) To the extent provided in 
            advance in an appropriation law or to the extent additional 
            legislative authority is enacted providing for paying claims 
            in a compensation plan submitted under subsection (d) of 
            this section, the Secretary of Transportation shall provide 
            for the payment by the United States Government of a 
            successful claim (including reasonable litigation or 
            settlement expenses) of a third party against a person 
            described in paragraph (3)(A) resulting from an activity 
            carried out under the license issued or transferred under 
            this chapter for death, bodily injury, or property damage or 
            loss resulting from an activity carried out under the 
            license. However, claims may be paid under this section only 
            to the extent the total amount of successful claims related 
            to one launch or reentry--
                            (A) is more than the amount of insurance or 
                        demonstration of financial responsibility 
                        required under section 50914(a)(1)(A) of this 
                        title; and
                            (B) is not more than $1,500,000,000 (plus 
                        additional amounts necessary to reflect 
                        inflation occurring after January 1, 1989) above 
                        that insurance or financial responsibility 
                        amount.
                (2) The Secretary may not provide for paying a part of a 
            claim for which death, bodily injury, or property damage or 
            loss results from willful misconduct by the licensee or 
            transferee. To the extent insurance required under section 
            50914(a)(1)(A) of this title is not available to cover a 
            successful third party liability claim because of an 
            insurance policy exclusion the Secretary decides is usual 
            for the type of insurance involved, the Secretary may 
            provide for paying the excluded claims without regard to the 
            limitation contained in section 50914(a)(1).
                (3)(A) A person described in this subparagraph is--

                                (i) a licensee or transferee under this 
                            chapter;

                                (ii) a contractor, subcontractor, or 
                            customer of the licensee or transferee;

                                (iii) a contractor or subcontractor of a 
                            customer; or

                                (iv) a space flight participant.

                (B) Clause (iv) of subparagraph (A) ceases to be 
            effective September 30, 2025.
                (b) Notice, Participation, and Approval.--Before a 
            payment under subsection (a) of this section is made--
                            (1) notice must be given to the Government 
                        of a claim, or a civil action related to the 
                        claim, against a party described in subsection 
                        (a)(1) of this section for death, bodily injury, 
                        or property damage or loss;
                            (2) the Government must be given an 
                        opportunity to participate or assist in the 
                        defense of the claim or action; and

[[Page 512]]

                            (3) the Secretary must approve any part of a 
                        settlement to be paid out of appropriations of 
                        the Government.
                (c) Withholding Payments.--The Secretary may withhold a 
            payment under subsection (a) of this section if the 
            Secretary certifies that the amount is not reasonable. 
            However, the Secretary shall deem to be reasonable the 
            amount of a claim finally decided by a court of competent 
            jurisdiction.
                (d) Surveys, Reports, and Compensation Plans.--(1) If as 
            a result of an activity carried out under a license issued 
            or transferred under this chapter the total of claims 
            related to one launch or reentry is likely to be more than 
            the amount of required insurance or demonstration of 
            financial responsibility, the Secretary shall--
                            (A) survey the causes and extent of damage; 
                        and
                            (B) submit expeditiously to Congress a 
                        report on the results of the survey.
                (2) Not later than 90 days after a court determination 
            indicates that the liability for the total of claims related 
            to one launch or reentry may be more than the required 
            amount of insurance or demonstration of financial 
            responsibility, the President, on the recommendation of the 
            Secretary, shall submit to Congress a compensation plan 
            that--
                            (A) outlines the total dollar value of the 
                        claims;
                            (B) recommends sources of amounts to pay for 
                        the claims;
                            (C) includes legislative language required 
                        to carry out the plan if additional legislative 
                        authority is required; and
                            (D) for a single event or incident, may not 
                        be for more than $1,500,000,000.
                (3) A compensation plan submitted to Congress under 
            paragraph (2) of this subsection shall--
                            (A) have an identification number; and
                            (B) be submitted to the Senate and the House 
                        of Representatives on the same day and when the 
                        Senate and House are in session.
                (e) Congressional Resolutions.--(1) In this subsection, 
            ``resolution''--
                            (A) means a joint resolution of Congress the 
                        matter after the resolving clause of which is as 
                        follows: ``That the Congress approves the 
                        compensation plan numbered _____ submitted to 
                        the Congress on _____ XX, 20__.'', with the 
                        blank spaces being filled appropriately; but
                            (B) does not include a resolution that 
                        includes more than one compensation plan.
                (2) The Senate shall consider under this subsection a 
            compensation plan requiring additional appropriations or 
            legislative authority not later than 60 calendar days of 
            continuous session of Congress after the date on which the 
            plan is submitted to Congress.
                (3) A resolution introduced in the Senate shall be 
            referred immediately to a committee by the President of the 
            Senate. All resolutions related to the same plan shall be 
            referred to the same committee.
                (4)(A) If the committee of the Senate to which a 
            resolution has been referred does not report the resolution 
            within 20 calendar days after it is referred, a motion is in 
            order to discharge the committee from further consideration 
            of the resolution or to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration of the plan.
                (B) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution and is highly privileged 
            (except that the motion may

[[Page 513]]

            not be made after the committee has reported a resolution on 
            the plan). Debate on the motion is limited to one hour, to 
            be divided equally between those favoring and those opposing 
            the resolution. An amendment to the motion is not in order. 
            A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
            agreed to or disagreed to is not in order.
                (C) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed and another motion to 
            discharge the committee from another resolution on the same 
            plan may not be made.
                (5)(A) After a committee of the Senate reports, or is 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, a 
            motion to proceed to the consideration of the resolution is 
            in order at any time, even though a similar previous motion 
            has been disagreed to. The motion is highly privileged and 
            is not debatable. An amendment to the motion is not in 
            order. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion 
            is agreed to or disagreed to is not in order.
                (B) Debate on the resolution referred to in subparagraph 
            (A) of this paragraph is limited to not more than 10 hours, 
            to be divided equally between those favoring and those 
            opposing the resolution. A motion further to limit debate is 
            not debatable. An amendment to, or motion to recommit, the 
            resolution is not in order. A motion to reconsider the vote 
            by which the resolution is agreed to or disagreed to is not 
            in order.
                (6) The following shall be decided in the Senate without 
            debate:
                            (A) a motion to postpone related to the 
                        discharge from committee.
                            (B) a motion to postpone consideration of a 
                        resolution.
                            (C) a motion to proceed to the consideration 
                        of other business.
                            (D) an appeal from a decision of the chair 
                        related to the application of the rules of the 
                        Senate to the procedures related to a 
                        resolution.
                (f) Application.--This section applies to a license 
            issued or transferred under this chapter for which the 
            Secretary receives a complete and valid application not 
            later than September 30, 2025. This section does not apply 
            to permits. (Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 
            Stat. 1338, Sec. 70113 of Title 49; Pub. L. 104-287, 
            Sec. 5(94), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3398; Pub. L. 105-303, 
            Title I, Sec. 102(a)(13), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2850; 
            Pub. L. 106-74, Title IV, Sec. 433, Oct. 20, 1999, 113 Stat. 
            1097; Pub. L. 106-377, Sec. 1(a)(1) [Title IV, Sec. 429], 
            Oct. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 1441, 1441A-56; Pub. L. 106-405, 
            Sec. Sec. 5(b), 6(a), Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1752; Pub. L. 
            108-428, Sec. 1, Nov. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2432; Pub. L. 108-
            492, Sec. 2(c)(22), (23), Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3981; 
            Pub. L. 111-125, Sec. 1, Dec. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 3486; 
            renumbered Sec. 70113 then Sec. 50915 of Title 51 and 
            amended Pub. L. 111-314, Sec. 4(d)(2), (3)(O), (5)(Q), (R), 
            Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3440-3442; Pub. L. 112-273, Sec. 3, 
            Jan. 14, 2013, 126 Stat. 2454; Pub. L. 113-76, Sec. 8, Jan. 
            17, 2014, 128 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 114-90, Title I, 
            Sec. Sec. 102(d), 103(a)(2), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 706.)
                           52 u.s.c.--voting and elections

                   united states senate procedures enacted in law



[[Page 514]]
 
                           TITLE 52--VOTING AND ELECTIONS

            
                       Chapter 301--FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

       425  Sec. 30111. Administrative provisions
            (a) Duties of Commission

                                    * * * * * * *

            (d) Rules, regulations, or forms; issuance, procedures 
                applicable, etc.
                (1) Before prescribing any rule, regulation, or form 
            under this section or any other provision of this Act, the 
            Commission shall transmit a statement with respect to such 
            rule, regulation, or form to the Senate and the House of 
            Representatives, in accordance with this subsection. Such 
            statement shall set forth the proposed rule, regulation, or 
            form, and shall contain a detailed explanation and 
            justification of it.
                (2) If either House of the Congress does not disapprove 
            by resolution any proposed rule or regulation submitted by 
            the Commission under this section within 30 legislative days 
            after the date of the receipt of such proposed rule or 
            regulation or within 10 legislative days after the date of 
            receipt of such proposed form, the Commission may prescribe 
            such rule, regulation, or form.
                (3) For purposes of this subsection, the term 
            ``legislative day'' means, with respect to statements 
            transmitted to the Senate, any calendar day on which the 
            Senate is in session, and with respect to statements 
            transmitted to the House of Representatives, any calendar 
            day on which the House of Representatives is in session.
                (4) For purposes of this subsection, the terms ``rule'' 
            and ``regulation'' mean a provision or series of 
            interrelated provisions stating a single, separable rule of 
            law.
                (5)(A) A motion to discharge a committee of the Senate 
            from the consideration of a resolution relating to any such 
            rule, regulation, or form or a motion to proceed to the 
            consideration of such a resolution, is highly privileged and 
            shall be decided without debate.
                (B) Whenever a committee of the House of Representatives 
            reports any resolution relating to any such form, rule or 
            regulation, it is at any time thereafter in order (even 
            though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
            disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of the 
            resolution. The motion is highly privileged and is not 
            debatable. An amendment to the motion is not in order, and 
            is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed with.
            (e) Scope of protection for good faith reliance upon rules 
                or regulations
                Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any person 
            who relies upon any rule or regulation prescribed by the 
            Commission in accordance with the provisions of this section 
            and who acts in good faith in accordance with such rule or 
            regulation shall not, as a result of such act,

[[Page 515]]

            be subject to any sanction provided by this Act or by 
            chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26.
            (f) Promulgation of rules, regulations, and forms by 
                Commission and Internal Revenue Service; report to 
                Congress on cooperative efforts
                In prescribing such rules, regulations, and forms under 
            this section, the Commission and the Internal Revenue 
            Service shall consult and work together to promulgate rules, 
            regulations, and forms which are mutually consistent. The 
            Commission shall report to the Congress annually on the 
            steps it has taken to comply with this subsection. (Pub. L. 
            92-225, Title III, Sec. 311, formerly Sec. 308, Feb. 7, 
            1972, 86 Stat. 16; renumbered Sec. 316 and amended Pub. L. 
            93-443, Title II, Sec. Sec. 208(a), (c)(7)-(10), 209(a)(1), 
            (b), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1279, 1286, 1287; renumbered 
            Sec. 315 and amended Pub. L. 94-283, Title I, Sec. Sec. 105, 
            110, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 481, 486; renumbered Sec. 311 
            and amended Pub. L. 96-187, Title I, Sec. Sec. 105(4), 109, 
            Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1354, 1362; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, 
            Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(c), 
            Dec. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 792; Pub. L. 107-252, Title VIII, 
            Sec. 801(b), Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1726.)
                                    miscellaneous

                  general and permanent laws relating to the senate




[[Page 516]]
 
                                    MISCELLANEOUS

       426  Sec. Sec. 303(a-d), 602(c), 604, 740, District of Columbia 
                Home Rule Act
                Pub. L. 93-198; 87 Stat. 774; D.C. Official Code Sec. 1-
            201.01 et seq. Approved December 24, 1973
       427  Sec. 1-203.03. Charter amending procedure.
                (a) The charter set forth in subchapter IV of this 
            chapter (including any provision of law amended by such 
            subchapter), except Sec. Sec. 1-204.01(a) and 1-204.21(a), 
            and part C of such subchapter, may be amended by an act 
            passed by the Council and ratified by a majority of the 
            registered qualified electors of the District voting in the 
            referendum held for such ratification. The Chairman of the 
            Council shall submit all such acts to the Speaker of the 
            House of Representatives and the President of the Senate on 
            the day the Board of Elections and Ethics certifies that 
            such act was ratified by a majority of the registered 
            qualified electors voting thereon in such referendum.
                (b) An amendment to the charter ratified by the 
            registered electors shall take effect upon the expiration of 
            the 35-calendar-day period (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, 
            holidays, and days on which either House of Congress is not 
            in session) following the date such amendment was submitted 
            to the Congress, or upon the date prescribed by such 
            amendment, whichever is later, unless during such 35-day 
            period, there has been enacted into law a joint resolution, 
            in accordance with the procedures specified in Sec. 1-
            206.04, disapproving such amendment. In any case in which 
            any such joint resolution disapproving such an amendment 
            has, within such 35-day period, passed both Houses of 
            Congress and has been transmitted to the President, such 
            resolution, upon becoming law subsequent to the expiration 
            of such 35-day period, shall be deemed to have repealed such 
            amendment, as of the date such resolution becomes law.
                (c) The Board of Elections and Ethics shall prescribe 
            such rules as are necessary with respect to the distribution 
            and signing of petitions and the holding of elections for 
            ratifying amendments to subchapter IV of this chapter 
            according to the procedures specified in subsection (a) of 
            this section.
                (d) The amending procedure provided in this section may 
            not be used to enact any law or affect any law with respect 
            to which the Council may not enact any act, resolution, or 
            rule under the limitations specified in Sec. Sec. 1-206.01 
            to 1-206.03. (Pub. L. 93-198, Title III, Sec. 303, Dec. 24, 
            1973, 87 Stat. 784; Pub. L. 93-376, Title III, Sec. 306(a), 
            Aug. 14, 1974, 88 Stat. 458; Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 131(b), 
            Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1974.)
       428  Sec. 1-206.02. Limitations on the Council.

                                    * * * * * * *

                (c)(1) Except acts of the Council which are submitted to 
            the President in accordance with Chapter 11 of Title 31, 
            United States Code, any act which the Council determines, 
            according to Sec. 1-204.12(a), should take effect 
            immediately because of emergency circumstances, and acts

[[Page 517]]

            proposing amendments to subchapter IV of this chapter and 
            except as provided in Sec. 1-204.62(c) and Sec. 1-
            204.72(d)(1) the Chairman of the Council shall transmit to 
            the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the 
            President of the Senate, a copy of each act passed by the 
            Council and signed by the Mayor, or vetoed by the Mayor and 
            repassed by two-thirds of the Council present and voting, 
            each act passed by the Council and allowed to become 
            effective by the Mayor without his signature, and each 
            initiated act and act subject to referendum which has been 
            ratified by a majority of the registered qualified electors 
            voting on the initiative or referendum. Except as provided 
            in paragraph (2) of this subsection, such act shall take 
            effect upon the expiration of the 30-calendar-day period 
            (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, and any day on 
            which neither House is in session because of an adjournment 
            sine die, a recess of more than 3 days, or an adjournment of 
            more than 3 days) beginning on the day such act is 
            transmitted by the Chairman to the Speaker of the House of 
            Representatives and the President of the Senate, or upon the 
            date prescribed by such act, whichever is later, unless 
            during such 30-day period, there has been enacted into law a 
            joint resolution disapproving such act. In any case in which 
            any such joint resolution disapproving such an act has, 
            within such 30-day period, passed both Houses of Congress 
            and has been transmitted to the President, such resolution, 
            upon becoming law, subsequent to the expiration of such 30-
            day period, shall be deemed to have repealed such act, as of 
            the date such resolution becomes law. The provisions of 
            Sec. 1-206.04, except subsections (d), (e), and (f) of such 
            section, shall apply with respect to any joint resolution 
            disapproving any act pursuant to this paragraph.
                (2) In the case of any such act transmitted by the 
            Chairman with respect to any act codified in Title 22, 23, 
            or 24 of the District of Columbia Code, such act shall take 
            effect at the end of the 60-day period beginning on the day 
            such act is transmitted by the Chairman to the Speaker of 
            the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate 
            unless, during such 60-day period, there has been enacted 
            into law a joint resolution disapproving such act. In any 
            case in which any such joint resolution disapproving such an 
            act has, within such 60-day period, passed both Houses of 
            Congress and has been transmitted to the President, such 
            resolution, upon becoming law subsequent to the expiration 
            of such 60-day period shall be deemed to have repealed such 
            act, as of the date such resolution becomes law. The 
            provisions of Sec. 1A1-206.04, relating to an expedited 
            procedure for consideration of joint resolutions, shall 
            apply to a joint resolution disapproving such act as 
            specified in this paragraph.
                (3) The Council shall submit with each Act transmitted 
            under this subsection an estimate of the costs which will be 
            incurred by the District of Columbia as a result of the 
            enactment of the act in each of the first 4 fiscal years for 
            which the act is in effect, together with a statement of the 
            basis for such estimate. (Pub. L. 93-198, Title VI, 
            Sec. 602, Dec. 24, 1973, 87 Stat. 813; Pub. L. 94-402, Sept. 
            7, 1976, 90 Stat. 1220; Pub. L. 95-526, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 
            Stat. 2023; Pub. L. 97-105, Sec. 17, Dec. 23, 1981, 95 Stat. 
            1493; Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 131(d)-(g), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 
            Stat. 1974; Pub. L. 104-8, Sec. Sec. 108(b)(2), 301(d)(1), 
            Apr. 17, 1995, 109 Stat. 107, 142.)

[[Page 518]]


       429  Sec. 1-206.04. Congressional action on certain District 
                matters.
                (a) This section is enacted by Congress:
                            (1) As an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
                        respectively, and as such these provisions are 
                        deemed a part of the rule of each House, 
                        respectively, but applicable only with respect 
                        to the procedure to be followed in that House in 
                        the case of resolutions described by this 
                        section; and they supersede other rules only to 
                        the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; 
                        and
                            (2) With full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of either House to change 
                        the rule (so far as relating to the procedure of 
                        that House) at any time, in the same manner and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of that House.
                (b) For the purpose of this section, ``resolution'' 
            means only a joint resolution, the matter after the 
            resolving clause of which is as follows: ``That the 
            ......... approves/disapproves of the action of the District 
            of Columbia Council described as follows: _____'', the blank 
            spaces therein being appropriately filled, and either 
            approval or disapproval being appropriately indicated; but 
            does not include a resolution which specifies more than 1 
            action.
                (c) A resolution with respect to Council action shall be 
            referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia of the 
            House of Representatives, or the Committee on the District 
            of Columbia of the Senate, by the President of the Senate or 
            the Speaker of the House of Representatives, as the case may 
            be.
                (d) If the Committee to which a resolution has been 
            referred has not reported it at the end of 20 calendar days 
            after its introduction, it is in order to move to discharge 
            the Committee from further consideration of any other 
            resolution with respect to the same Council action which has 
            been referred to the Committee.
                (e) A motion to discharge may be made only by an 
            individual favoring the resolution, is highly privileged 
            (except that it may not be made after the Committee has 
            reported a resolution with respect to the same action), and 
            debate thereon shall be limited to not more than 1 hour, to 
            be divided equally between those favoring and those opposing 
            the resolution. An amendment to the motion is not in order, 
            and it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by 
            which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (f) If the motion to discharge is agreed to or disagreed 
            to, the motion may not be renewed, nor may another motion to 
            discharge the Committee be made with respect to any other 
            resolution with respect to the same action.
                (g) When the Committee has reported, or has been 
            discharged from further consideration of, a resolution, it 
            is at any time thereafter in order (even though a previous 
            motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to 
            proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The motion 
            is highly privileged and is not debatable. An amendment to 
            the motion is not in order, and it is not in order to move 
            to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
            disagreed to.
                (h) Debate on the resolution shall be limited to not 
            more than 10 hours, which shall be divided equally between 
            those favoring and those opposing the resolution. A motion 
            further to limit debate is not debatable. An amendment to, 
            or motion to recommit, the resolution is not

[[Page 519]]

            in order, and it is not in order to move to reconsider the 
            vote by which the resolution is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (i) Motions to postpone made with respect to the 
            discharge from Committee or the consideration of a 
            resolution, and motions to proceed to the consideration of 
            other business, shall be decided without debate.
                (j) Appeals from the decisions of the chair relating to 
            the application of the rules of the Senate or the House of 
            Representatives, as the case may be, to the procedure 
            relating to a resolution shall be decided without debate.
       430  Sec.  1-207.40. Emergency control of police.
                (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever 
            the President of the United States determines that special 
            conditions of an emergency nature exist which require the 
            use of the Metropolitan Police force for federal purposes, 
            he may direct the Mayor to provide him, and the Mayor shall 
            provide, such services of the Metropolitan Police force as 
            the President may deem necessary and appropriate. In no 
            case, however, shall such services made available pursuant 
            to any such direction under this subsection extend for a 
            period in excess of 48 hours unless the President has, prior 
            to the expiration of such period, notified the Chairmen and 
            ranking minority members of the Committees on the District 
            of Columbia of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
            in writing, as to the reason for such direction and the 
            period of time during which the need for such services is 
            likely to continue.
                (b) Subject to the provisions of subsection (c) of this 
            section, such services made available in accordance with 
            subsection (a) of this section shall terminate upon the end 
            of such emergency, the expiration of a period of 30 days 
            following the date on which such services are first made 
            available, or the enactment into law of a joint resolution 
            by the Congress providing for such termination, whichever 
            first occurs.
                (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this 
            section, in any case in which such services are made 
            available in accordance with the provisions of subsection 
            (a) of this section during any period of an adjournment of 
            the Congress sine die, such services shall terminate upon 
            the end of the emergency, the expiration of the 30-day 
            period following the date on which Congress first convenes 
            following such adjournment, or the enactment into law of a 
            joint resolution by the Congress providing for such 
            termination, whichever first occurs.
                (d) Except to the extent provided for in subsection (c) 
            of this section, no such services made available pursuant to 
            the direction of the President pursuant to subsection (a) of 
            this section shall extend for any period in excess of 30 
            days, unless the Senate and the House of Representatives 
            enact into law a joint resolution authorizing such an 
            extension.
       431  Pub. L. 94-329, International Security Assistance and Arms 
                Export Control Act of 1976 (ISAAECA), Title VI, 
                Sec. 601(b), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 765.

                                    * * * * * * *

            Expedited Procedure in the Senate
                (b)(1) For purposes of any such law, the continuity of a 
            session of Congress is broken only by an adjournment of the 
            Congress sine die, and the days on which either House is not 
            in session because of an

[[Page 520]]

            adjournment of more than three days to a day certain are 
            excluded in the computation of the period indicated.
                (2) Paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection are 
            enacted--
                            (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power 
                        of the Senate and as such they are deemed a part 
                        of the rules of the Senate, but applicable only 
                        with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
                        the Senate in the case of resolutions described 
                        by subsection (a)(1) of this section; and they 
                        supersede other rules of the Senate only to the 
                        extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
                            (B) with full recognition of the 
                        constitutional right of the Senate to change 
                        such rules at any time, in the same manner and 
                        to the same extent as in the case of any other 
                        rule of the Senate.
                (3)(A) If the committee of the Senate to which has been 
            referred a resolution relating to a certification has not 
            reported such resolution at the end of ten calendar days 
            after its introduction, not counting any day which is 
            excluded under paragraph (1) of this subsection, it is order 
            to move either to discharge the committee from further 
            consideration of the resolution or to discharge the 
            committee from further consideration of any other resolution 
            introduced with respect to the same certification which has 
            been referred to the committee, except that no motion to 
            discharge shall be in order after the committee has reported 
            a resolution with respect to the same certification.
                (B) A motion to discharge under subparagraph (A) of this 
            paragraph may be made only by a Senator favoring the 
            resolution, is privileged, and debate thereon shall be 
            limited to not more than 1 hour, to be divided equally 
            between those favoring and those opposing the resolution, 
            the time to be divided equally between, and controlled by, 
            the majority leader and the minority leader or their 
            designees. An amendment to the motion is not in order, and 
            it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by which 
            the motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (4)(A) A motion in the Senate to proceed to the 
            consideration of a resolution shall be privileged. An 
            amendment to the motion shall not be in order, nor shall it 
            be in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the 
            motion is agreed to or disagreed to.
                (B) Debate in the Senate on a resolution, and all 
            debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall 
            be limited to not more than 10 hours, to be equally divided 
            between, and controlled by, the majority leader and the 
            minority leader or their designees.
                (C) Debate in the Senate on any debatable motion or 
            appeal in connection with a resolution shall be limited to 
            not more than 1 hour, to be equally divided between, and 
            controlled by, the mover and the manager of the resolution, 
            except that in the event the manager of the resolution is in 
            favor of any such motion or appeal, the time in opposition 
            thereto, shall be controlled by the minority leader or his 
            designee. Such leaders, or either of them, may, from time 
            under their control on the passage of a resolution, allot 
            additional time to any Senator during the consideration of 
            any debatable motion or appeal.
                (D) A motion in the Senate to further limit debate on a 
            resolution, debatable motion, or appeal is not debatable. No 
            amendment to, or motion to recommit, a resolution is in 
            order in the Senate.




[[Page 521]]

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                                HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS
                                          

            ===========================================================


[[Page 523]]
                                       [1700]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                             DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

                              IN CONGRESS JULY 4, 1776

            ____________________________________________________________

             THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES OF 
                                       AMERICA

                When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary 
            for one people to dissolve the political bands which have 
            connected them with another, and to assume among the powers 
            of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the 
            Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent 
            respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should 
            declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
                We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men 
            are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator 
            with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, 
            Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these 
            rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their 
            just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever 
            any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it 
            is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to 
            institute new Government, laying its foundation on such 
            principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to 
            them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and 
            Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments 
            long established should not be changed for light and 
            transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn 
            that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are 
            sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms 
            to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of 
            abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object 
            evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it 
            is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such 
            Government, and to provide new Guards for their future 
            security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these 
            Colonies;

[[Page 524]]

            and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter 
            their former Systems of Government. The history of the 
            present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated 
            injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the 
            establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To 
            prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
                He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome 
            and necessary for the public good.
                He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate 
            and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation 
            till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended he 
            has utterly neglected to attend to them.
                He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation 
            of large districts of people, unless those people would 
            relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a 
            right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
                He has called together legislative bodies at places 
            unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the dispository of 
            their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them 
            into compliance with his measures.
                He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for 
            opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of 
            the people.
                He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, 
            to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative 
            powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the 
            People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in 
            the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from 
            without, and convulsions within.
                He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these 
            States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for 
            Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to 
            encourage their migrations hither, and raising the 
            conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
                He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by 
            refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary 
            powers.
                He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the 
            tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their 
            salaries.

[[Page 525]]

                He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent 
            hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out 
            their substance.
                He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies 
            without the Consent of our legislatures.
                He has affected to render the Military independent of 
            and superior to the Civil power.
                He has combined with others to subject us to a 
            jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged 
            by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended 
            Legislation:
                For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
                For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment 
            for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants 
            of these States:
                For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
                For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
                For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial 
            by Jury:
                For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for 
            pretended offences:
                For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a 
            neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary 
            government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it 
            at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the 
            same absolute rule into these Colonies:
                For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most 
            valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our 
            Governments:
                For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring 
            themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all 
            cases whatsoever.
                He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of 
            his Protection and waging War against us.
                He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our 
            towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
                He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign 
            Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and 
            tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & 
            perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and 
            totally unworthy of the Head of a civilized nation.
                He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on 
            the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country,

[[Page 526]]

            to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or 
            to fall themselves by their Hands.
                He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and 
            has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our 
            frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of 
            warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes 
            and conditions.
                In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned 
            for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions 
            have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince, whose 
            character is thus marked by every act which may define a 
            Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
                Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our British 
            brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts 
            by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction 
            over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our 
            emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their 
            native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by 
            the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, 
            which would inevitably interrupt our connections and 
            correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of 
            justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce 
            in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold 
            them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in 
            Peace Friends.
                WE, THEREFORE, the Representatives of the United States 
            of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the 
            Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our 
            intentions, do, in the Name, and by authority of the good 
            People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That 
            these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and 
            Independent States; that they are Absolved from all 
            Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political 
            connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is 
            and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and 
            Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, 
            conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and 
            do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of 
            right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a 
            firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we 
            mutually pledge

[[Page 527]]

            to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred Honor.

  (The foregoing declaration was, by order of Congress, engrossed, and 
                    signed by the following members:)

                                                           JOHN HANCOCK.

                              New Hampshire

            Vosiah Bartlett,
            Wm. Whipple,
            Matthew Thornton.
              

                            Massachusetts Bay

            Saml. Adams,
            John Adams,
            Robt. Treat Paine,
            Elbridge Gerry.

                           Rhode Island, etc.

            Step. Hopkins,
            William Ellery.

                               Connecticut

            Roger Sherman,
            Sam'el Huntington,
            Wm. Williams,
            Oliver Wolcott.

                                New York

            Wm. Floyd,
            Phil. Livingston,
            Frans. Lewis,
            Lewis Morris.

                               New Jersey

            Richd. Stockton,
            Jno. Witherspoon,
            Fras. Hopkinson,
            John Hart,
            Abra Clark.
              

                              Pennsylvania

            Robt. Morris,
            Benjamin Rush,
            Benja. Franklin,
            John Morton,
            Geo. Clymer,
            Jas. Smith,
            Geo. Taylor,
            James Wilson,
            Geo. Ross.
              

                                Delaware

            Caesar Rodney,
            Geo. Read,
            Tho. M'Kean.
              

                                Maryland

            Samuel Chase,
            Wm. Paca,
              
            Thos. Stone,
            Charles Carroll of
              Carrollton.

[[Page 528]]



                                Virginia

            George Withe,
            Richard Henry Lee,
            Th. Jefferson,
            Benja. Harrison,
            Thos. Nelson, Jr.,
            Francis Lightfoot Lee,
            Carter Braxton.
              

                             North Carolina

            Wm. Hooper,
            Joseph Hewes,
            John Penn.
              

                             South Carolina

            Edward Rutledge,
            Thos. Heyward, Junr.,
            Thomas Lynch, Junr.,
            Arthur Middleton.

                                 Georgia

            Button Gwinnett,
            Lyman Hall,

            Geo. Walton.
              
                  

                Resolved, That copies of the Declaration be sent to the 
            several assemblies, conventions, and committees or councils 
            of safety, and to the several commanding officers of the 
            Continental Troops: That it be proclaimed in each of the 
            United States, and at the Head of the Army.--[Jour. Cong., 
            vol. 1, p. 396.]
                              articles of confederation

            articles of confederation



[[Page 529]]
                                       [1701]

            ____________________________________________________________
 
                              ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
            ____________________________________________________________

                                HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

                While the Declaration of Independence was under 
            consideration in the Continental Congress, and before it was 
            finally agreed upon, measures were taken for the 
            establishment of a constitutional form of government; and on 
            the 11th of June, 1776, it was ``Resolved, That a committee 
            be appointed to prepare and digest the form of a 
            confederation to be entered into between these Colonies''; 
            which committee was appointed the next day, June 12, and 
            consisted of a member from each Colony, namely: Mr. 
            Bartlett, Mr. S. Adams, Mr. Hopkins, Mr. Sherman, Mr. R. R. 
            Livingston, Mr. Dickinson, Mr. McKean, Mr. Stone, Mr. 
            Nelson, Mr. Hewes, Mr. E. Rutledge, and Mr. Gwinnett. On the 
            12th of July, 1776, the committee reported a draft of the 
            Articles of Confederation, which was printed for the use of 
            the members under the strictest injunctions of secrecy.
                This report underwent a thorough discussion in Congress, 
            from time to time, until the 15th of November, 1777; on 
            which day, ``Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union'' 
            were finally agreed to in form, and they were directed to be 
            proposed to the legislatures of all the United States, and 
            if approved by them, they were advised to authorize their 
            delegates to ratify the same in the Congress of the United 
            States; and in that event they were to become conclusive. On 
            the 17th of November, 1777, the Congress agreed upon the 
            form of a circular letter to accompany the Articles of 
            Confederation, which concluded with a recommendation to each 
            of the several legislatures ``to invest its delegates with 
            competent powers, ultimately, and in the name and behalf of 
            the State, to subscribe articles of confederation and 
            perpetual union of the United States, and to attend Congress 
            for that purpose on or before the 10th day of March next.'' 
            This letter was signed by the President of Congress and 
            sent, with a copy of the articles, to each State 
            legislature.
                On the 26th of June, 1778, Congress agreed upon the form 
            of a ratification of the Articles of Confederation, and 
            directed a copy of the articles and the ratification to be 
            engrossed on parchment; which, on the 9th of July, 1778, 
            having been examined and the blanks filled, was signed by 
            the delegates of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode 
            Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, 
            Pennsylvania, Virginia, and South Carolina. Congress then 
            directed that a circular letter be addressed to the States 
            whose delegates were not present, or being present, 
            conceived they were not authorized to sign the ratification, 
            informing them how many and what States had ratified the 
            Articles of Confederation, and desiring them, with all 
            convenient dispatch, to authorize their delegates to ratify 
            the same. Of these States,

[[Page 530]]

            North Carolina ratified on the 21st and Georgia on the 24th 
            of July, 1778; New Jersey on the 26th of November following; 
            Delaware on the 5th of May, 1779; Maryland on the 1st of 
            March, 1781; and on the 2d of March, 1781, Congress 
            assembled under the new form of government.
                              articles of confederation

            articles of confederation



[[Page 531]]
                                       [1701]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                            ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION\1\
            ____________________________________________________________
    1701.1      ACT OF CONFEDERATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

            to all to whom these presents shall come, we the undersigned 
                delegates of the states affixed to our names, send 
                greetings

                Whereas the Delegates of the United States of America in 
            Congress assembled did on the 15th day of November in the 
            Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy 
            seven, and in the Second Year of the Independence of America 
            agree to certain articles of Confederation and perpetual 
            Union between the states of Newhampshire, Massachusetts-bay, 
            Rhodeisland and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New 
            York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, 
            Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia in the 
            Words following, viz.
                \1\Adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 
            1777, while meeting at York, Pennsylvania, which served as 
            the site of the National Capital from September 30, 1777, to 
            June 27, 1778. Ratification of the Articles by the 
            respective delegates commenced on July 9, 1778, in 
            Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but was not completed until 
            March 1, 1781, when the Articles were signed by the 
            delegates from Maryland.

            ``articles of confederation and perpetual union between the 
                states of newhampshire, massachusetts-bay, rhodeisland 
                and providence plantations, connecticut, new york, new 
                jersey, pennsylvania, delaware, maryland, virginia, 
                north carolina, south carolina and georgia

    1701.2      Article i. The Stile of this confederacy shall be ``The 
            United States of America.''
    1701.3      Article ii. Each State retains its Sovereignty, freedom 
            and independence, and every Power, Jurisdiction and right, 
            which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to 
            the United States in Congress assembled.

[[Page 532]]


    1701.4      Article iii. The said states hereby severally enter into 
            a firm league of friendship with each other, for their 
            common defence, the security of their Liberties, and their 
            mutual and general welfare, binding themselves to assist 
            each other, against all force offered to, or attacks made 
            upon them, or any of them, on account of religion, 
            sovereignty, trade, or any other pretence whatever.
    1701.5      Article iv. The better to secure and perpetuate mutual 
            friendship and intercourse among the people of the different 
            states in this union, the free inhabitants of each of these 
            states, paupers, vagabonds and fugitives from Justice 
            excepted, shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities 
            of free citizens in the several states, and the people of 
            each state shall have free ingress and regress to and from 
            any other state, and shall enjoy therein all the privileges 
            of trade and commerce, subject to the same duties, 
            impositions and restrictions as the inhabitants thereof 
            respectively, provided that such restrictions shall not 
            extend so far as to prevent the removal of property imported 
            into any state, to any other state of which the Owner is an 
            inhabitant, provided also that no imposition, duties or 
            restriction shall be laid by any state, on the property of 
            the united states, or either of them.
                If any Person guilty of, or charged with treason, felony 
            or other high misdemeanor in any state, shall flee from 
            Justice, and be found in any of the united states, he shall 
            upon demand of the Governor or executive power, of the state 
            from which he fled, be delivered up and removed to the state 
            having jurisdiction of his offence.
                Full faith and credit shall be given in each of these 
            states to the records, acts and judicial proceedings of the 
            courts and magistrates of every other state.
    1701.6      Article v. For the more convenient management of the 
            general interest of the united states, delegates shall be 
            annually appointed in such manner as the legislature of each 
            state shall direct, to meet in Congress on the first Monday 
            in November, in every year, with a power reserved to each 
            state, to recall its delegates, or any of them, at any time 
            within the year, and to send others in their stead, for the 
            remainder of the Year.
                No state shall be represented in Congress by less than 
            two, nor by more than seven Members; and no person shall be 
            capable of being a delegate for more than three years in any 
            term of six years; nor shall any person,

[[Page 533]]

            being a delegate, be capable of holding any office under the 
            united states, for which he, or another for his benefit 
            receives any salary, fees or emolument of any kind.
                Each state shall maintain its own delegates in a meeting 
            of the states, and while they act as members of the 
            committee of the states.
                In determining questions in the united states, in 
            Congress assembled, each state shall have one vote.
                Freedom of speech and debate in Congress shall not be 
            impeached or questioned in any Court, or place out of 
            Congress, and the members of congress shall be protected in 
            their persons from arrests and imprisonments, during the 
            time of their going to and from, and attendance on congress, 
            except for treason, felony, or breach of the peace.
    1701.7      Article vi. No state without the Consent of the united 
            states in congress assembled, shall send any embassy to, or 
            receive any embassy from, or enter into any conference, 
            agreement, alliance or treaty with any King, prince or 
            state; nor shall any person holding any office of profit or 
            trust under the united states, or any of them, accept of any 
            present, emolument, office or title of any kind whatever 
            from any king, prince or foreign state; nor shall the united 
            states in congress assembled, or any of them, grant any 
            title of nobility.
                No two or more states shall enter into any treaty, 
            confederation or alliance whatever between them, without the 
            consent of the united states in congress assembled, 
            specifying accurately the purposes for which the same is to 
            be entered into, and how long it shall continue.
                No state shall lay any imposts of duties, which may 
            interfere with any stipulations in treaties, entered into by 
            the united states in congress assembled with any king, 
            prince or state, in pursuance of any treaties already 
            proposed by congress to the courts of France and Spain.
                No vessels of war shall be kept up in time of peace by 
            any state, except such number only, as shall be deemed 
            necessary by the united states in congress assembled, for 
            the defence of such state, or its trade; nor shall any body 
            of forces be kept up by any state, in time of peace, except 
            such number only, as in the judgment of the united states, 
            in congress assembled, shall be deemed requisite to garrison 
            the forts necessary for the defence of such state; but every 
            state shall always keep up a well regulated and

[[Page 534]]

            disciplined militia, sufficiently armed and accoutred, and 
            shall provide and constantly have ready for use, in public 
            stores, a due number of field-pieces and tents, and a proper 
            quantity of arms, ammunition and camp equipage.
                No state shall engage in any war without the consent of 
            the united states in congress assembled, unless such state 
            be actually invaded by enemies, or shall have received 
            certain advice of a resolution being formed by some nation 
            of Indians to invade such state, and the danger is so 
            imminent as not to admit of a delay, till the united states 
            in congress assembled can be consulted: nor shall any state 
            grant commissions to any ships or vessels of war, nor 
            letters of marque or reprisal, except it be after a 
            declaration of war by the united states in Congress 
            assembled, and then only against the kingdom or state and 
            the subjects thereof, against which war has been so 
            declared, and under such regulations as shall be established 
            by the united states in congress assembled, unless such 
            state be infested by pirates, in which case vessels of war 
            may be fitted out for that occasion, and kept so long as the 
            danger shall continue, or until the united states in 
            congress assembled shall determine otherwise.
    1701.8      Article vii. When land-forces are raised by any state 
            for the common defence, all officers of or under the rank of 
            colonel, shall be appointed by the legislature of each state 
            respectively by whom such forces shall be raised, or in such 
            manner as such state shall direct, and all vacancies shall 
            be filled up by the state which first made the appointment.
    1701.9      Article viii. All charges of war, and all other expences 
            that shall be incurred for the common defence or general 
            welfare, and allowed by the united states in congress 
            assembled, shall be defrayed out of a common treasury, which 
            shall be supplied by the several states, in proportion to 
            the value of all land within each state, granted to or 
            surveyed for any Person, as such land and the buildings and 
            improvements thereon shall be estimated according to such 
            mode as the united states in congress assembled, shall from 
            time to time direct and appoint.
                The taxes for paying that proportion shall be laid and 
            levied by the authority and direction of the legislatures of 
            the several states within the time agreed upon by the united 
            states in congress assembled.

[[Page 535]]


   1701.10      Article ix. The united states in congress assembled, 
            shall have the sole and exclusive right and power of 
            determining on peace and war, except in the cases mentioned 
            in the sixth article--of sending and receiving embassadors--
            entering into treaties and alliances, provided that no 
            treaty of commerce shall be made whereby the legislative 
            power of the respective states shall be restrained from 
            imposing such imposts and duties on foreigners, as their own 
            people are subjected to, or from prohibiting the exportation 
            or importation of any species of goods or commodities 
            whatsoever--of establishing rules for deciding in all cases, 
            what captures on land or water shall be legal, and in what 
            manner prizes taken by land or naval forces in the service 
            of the united states shall be divided or appropriated--of 
            granting letters of marque and reprisal in times of peace--
            appointing courts for the trial of piracies and felonies 
            committed on the high seas and establishing courts for 
            receiving and determining finally appeals in all cases of 
            captures, provided that no member of congress shall be 
            appointed a judge of any of the said courts.
                The united states in congress assembled shall also be 
            the last resort on appeal in all disputes and differences 
            now subsisting or that hereafter may arise between two or 
            more states concerning boundary, jurisdiction or any other 
            cause whatever, which authority shall always be exercised in 
            the manner following. Whenever the legislative or executive 
            authority or lawful agent of any state in controversy with 
            another shall present a petition to congress stating the 
            matter in question and praying for a hearing, notice thereof 
            shall be given by order of congress to the legislative or 
            executive authority of the other state in controversy, and a 
            day assigned for the appearance of the parties by their 
            lawful agents, who shall then be directed to appoint by 
            joint consent, commissioners or judges to constitute a court 
            for hearing and determining the matter in question: but if 
            they cannot agree, congress shall name three persons out of 
            each of the united states, and from the list of such persons 
            each party shall alternately strike out one, the petitioners 
            beginning, until the number shall be reduced to thirteen; 
            and from that number not less than seven, nor more than nine 
            names as congress shall direct, shall in the presence of 
            congress be drawn out by lot, and the persons whose

[[Page 536]]

            names shall be so drawn or any five of them, shall be 
            commissioners or judges, to hear and finally determine the 
            controversy, so always as a major part of the judges who 
            shall hear the cause shall agree in the determination: and 
            if either party shall neglect to attend at the day 
            appointed, without showing reasons, which congress shall 
            judge sufficient, or being present shall refuse to strike, 
            the congress shall proceed to nominate three persons out of 
            each State, and the secretary of congress shall strike in 
            behalf of such party absent or refusing; and the judgment 
            and sentence of the court to be appointed, in the manner 
            before prescribed, shall be final and conclusive; and if any 
            of the parties shall refuse to submit to the authority of 
            such court, or to appear or defend their claim or cause, the 
            court shall nevertheless proceed to pronounce sentence, or 
            judgment, which shall in like manner be final and decisive, 
            the judgment or sentence and other proceedings being in 
            either case transmitted to congress, and lodged among the 
            acts of congress for the security of the parties concerned: 
            provided that every commissioner, before he sits in 
            judgment, shall take an oath to be administered by one of 
            the judges of the supreme or superior court of the state, 
            where the cause shall be tried, ``well and truly to hear and 
            determine the matter in question, according to the best of 
            his judgment without favour, affection or hope of reward'': 
            provided also that no state shall be deprived of territory 
            for the benefit of the united states.
                All controversies concerning the private right of soil 
            claimed under different grants of two or more states, whose 
            jurisdiction as they may respect such lands, and the states 
            which passed such grants are adjusted, the said grants or 
            either of them being at the same time claimed to have 
            originated antecedent to such settlement of jurisdiction, 
            shall on the petition of either party to the congress of the 
            united states, be finally determined as near as may be in 
            the same manner as is before prescribed for deciding 
            disputes respecting territorial jurisdiction between 
            different states.
                The united states in congress assembled shall also have 
            the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the 
            alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by 
            that of the respective states--fixing the standard of 
            weights and measures throughout the united states--

[[Page 537]]

            regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the 
            Indians, not members of any of the states, provided that the 
            legislative right of any state within its own limits be not 
            infringed or violated--establishing and regulating post-
            offices from one state to another, throughout all the united 
            states, and exacting such postage on the papers passing 
            thro' the same as may be requisite to defray the expences of 
            the said office--appointing all officers of the land forces, 
            in the service of the united states, excepting regimental 
            officers--appointing all the officers of the naval forces, 
            and commissioning all officers whatever in the service of 
            the united states--making rules for the government and 
            regulation of the said land and naval forces, and directing 
            their operations.
                The united states in congress assembled shall have 
            authority to appoint a committee, to sit in the recess of 
            congress, to be denominated ``A Committee of the States,'' 
            and to consist of one delegate from each state; and to 
            appoint such other committees and civil officers as may be 
            necessary for managing the general affairs of the united 
            states under their direction--to appoint one of their number 
            to preside, provided that no person be allowed to serve in 
            the office of president more than one year in any term of 
            three years; to ascertain the necessary sums of Money to be 
            raised for the service of the united states, and to 
            appropriate and apply the same for defraying the public 
            expences--to borrow money, or emit bills on the credit of 
            the united states, transmitting every half year to the 
            respective states an account of the sums of moneys so 
            borrowed or emitted--to build and equip a navy--to agree 
            upon the number of land forces, and to make requisition from 
            each state for its quota, in proportion to the number of 
            white inhabitants in such state; which requisitions shall be 
            binding, and thereupon the legislature of each state shall 
            appoint the regimental officers, raise the men and cloath, 
            arm and equip them in a soldier like manner, at the expence 
            of the united states; and the officers and men so cloathed, 
            armed and equipped shall march to the place appointed, and 
            within the time agreed on by the united states in congress 
            assembled: But if the united states in congress assembled 
            shall, on consideration of circumstances judge proper that 
            any state should not raise men, or should raise a smaller 
            number than its quota, and that any other state should raise

[[Page 538]]

            a greater number of men than the quota thereof, such extra 
            number shall be raised, officered, cloathed, armed and 
            equipped in the same manner as the quota of such state, 
            unless the legislature of such state shall judge that such 
            extra number cannot be safely spared out of the same, in 
            which case they shall raise, officer, cloath, arm and equip 
            as many of such extra number as they judge can be safely 
            spared. And the officers and men so cloathed, armed and 
            equipped, shall march to the place appointed, and within the 
            time agreed on by the united states in congress assembled.
                The united states in congress assembled shall never 
            engage in a war, nor grant letters of marque and reprisal in 
            time of peace, nor enter into any treaties or alliances, nor 
            coin money, nor regulate the value thereof, nor ascertain 
            the sums and expences necessary for the defence and welfare 
            of the united states, or any of them, nor emit bills, nor 
            borrow money on the credit of the united states, nor 
            appropriate money, nor agree upon the number of vessels of 
            war, to be built or purchased, or the number of land or sea 
            forces to be raised, nor appoint a commander-in-chief of the 
            army or navy, unless nine states assent to the same; nor 
            shall a question on any other point, except for adjourning 
            from day to day be determined, unless by the votes of a 
            majority of the united states in congress assembled.
                The Congress of the united states shall have power to 
            adjourn to any time within the year, and to any place within 
            the united states, so that no period of adjournment be for a 
            longer duration than the space of six Months, and shall 
            publish the Journal of their proceedings monthly, except 
            such parts thereof relating to treaties, alliances or 
            military operations as in their judgment require secrecy; 
            and the yeas and nays of the delegates of each state on any 
            question shall be entered on the Journal, when it is desired 
            by any delegate; and the delegates of a state, or any of 
            them, at his or their request shall be furnished with a 
            transcript of the said Journal, except such parts as are 
            above excepted, to lay before the legislatures of the 
            several states.
   1701.11      Article x. The committee of the states, or any nine of 
            them, shall be authorized to execute, in the recess of 
            congress such of the powers of congress as the united states 
            in congress assembled, by the consent of nine

[[Page 539]]

            states, shall from time to time think expedient to vest them 
            with; provided that no power be delegated to the said 
            committee, for the exercise of which, by the articles of 
            confederation, the voice of nine states in the congress of 
            the united states assembled is requisite.
   1701.12      Article xi. Canada acceding to this confederation, and 
            joining in the measures of the united states, shall be 
            admitted into, and entitled to all the advantages of this 
            union: but no other colony shall be admitted into the same, 
            unless such admission be agreed to by nine states.
   1701.13      Article xii. All bills of credit emitted, monies 
            borrowed and debts contracted by, or under the authority of 
            congress, before the assembling of the united states, in 
            pursuance of the present confederation, shall be deemed and 
            considered as a charge against the united states, for 
            payment and satisfaction whereof the said united states, and 
            the public faith are hereby solemnly pledged.
   1701.14      Article xiii. Every state shall abide by the 
            determinations of the united states in congress assembled, 
            on all questions which by this confederation are submitted 
            to them. And the Articles of this confederation shall be 
            inviolably observed by every state, and the union shall be 
            perpetual; nor shall any alteration at any time hereafter be 
            made in any of them; unless such alteration be agreed to in 
            a congress of the united states, and be afterward confirmed 
            by the legislatures of every state.
   1701.15      AND WHEREAS it has pleased the Great Governor of the 
            World to incline the hearts of the legislatures we 
            respectively represent in congress, to approve of, and to 
            authorize us to ratify the said articles of confederation 
            and perpetual union. KNOW YE that we the undersigned 
            delegates, by virtue of the power and authority to us given 
            for that purpose, do by these presents, in the name and in 
            behalf of our respective constituents, fully and entirely 
            ratify and confirm each and every of the said articles of 
            confederation and perpetual union, and all and singular the 
            matters and things therein contained: And we do further 
            solemnly plight and engage the faith of our respective 
            constituents, that they shall abide by the determinations of 
            the united states in congress assembled, on all questions, 
            which by the said confederation are submitted to them. And 
            that the articles thereof shall be

[[Page 540]]

            inviolably observed by the states we respectively represent 
            and that the union shall be perpetual.
   1701.16      IN WITNESS whereof we have hereunto set our hands in 
            Congress. DONE at Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania 
            the ninth Day of July in the Year of our Lord one Thousand 
            seven Hundred and Seventy-eight, and in the third year of 
            the independence of America.

          On the part and behalf of the State of New Hampshire.

            Josiah Bartlett,
              
            John Wentworth, Junr.
              August 8, 1778.

        On the part and behalf of the State of Massachusetts Bay.

            John Hancock,
            Samuel Adams,
            Elbridge Gerry,
            Francis Dana,
            James Lovell,
            Samuel Holten.

 On the part and in behalf of the State of Rhode Island and Providence 
                              Plantations.

            William Ellery,
            Henry Marchant,
            John Collins.

           On the part and behalf of the State of Connecticut.

            Roger Sherman,
            Samuel Huntington,
            Oliver Wolcott,
            Titus Hosmer,
            Andrew Adams.

            On the part and behalf of the State of New York.

            Jas Duane,
            Fras Lewis,
            William Duer,
            Gouvr Morris.

          On the part and in behalf of the State of New Jersey.

            Jno Witherspoon,
              
            Nathl Scudder, Nov. 26, 1778.

          On the part and behalf of the State of Pennsylvania.

            Robt. Morris,
            Daniel Roberdeau,
            Jona Bayard Smith,
            William Clingan,
            Joseph Reed, July 22, 1778.

            On the part and behalf of the State of Delaware.

            John Dickinson, May 5, 1779,
            Nicholas Van Dyke,
            Tho. M'Kean, Feb. 12, 1779.

            On the part and behalf of the State of Maryland.

            John Hanson, March 1, 1781,
            Daniel Carrol    Do

[[Page 541]]



            On the part and behalf of the State of Virginia.

            Richard Henry Lee,
            John Banister,
            Thomas Adams,
            Jno Harvie,
            Francis Lightfoot Lee.

         On the part and behalf of the State of North Carolina.

            John Penn, July 21, 1778,
            Corns. Harnett,
            Jno Williams.

         On the part and behalf of the State of South Carolina.

            Henry Laurens,
            William Henry Drayton,
            Jno Mathews,
            Richard Hutson,
            Thos. Heyward, Junr.

             On the part and behalf of the State of Georgia.

            Jno Walton, 24th July 1778,
            Edwd Telfair,
            Edwd. Langworthy.
                                  ordinance of 1787

            ordinance of 1787



[[Page 543]]
                                       [1702]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                                  ORDINANCE OF 1787
            ____________________________________________________________

              AN ORDINANCE FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE TERRITORY OF THE 
                      UNITED STATES NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO

                      [The Confederate Congress, July 13, 1787]

    1702.1      Section 1. Be it ordained by the United States in 
            Congress assembled, That the said Territory, for the purpose 
            of temporary government, by one district, subject, however, 
            to be divided into two districts, as future circumstances 
            may, in the opinion of Congress, make it expedient.
    1702.2      Sec. 2. Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That 
            the estates both of resident and non-resident proprietors in 
            the said territory, dying intestate, shall descend to, and 
            be distributed among, their children and the descendants of 
            a deceased child in equal parts, the descendants of a 
            deceased child or grandchild to take the share of their 
            deceased parent in equal parts among them; and where there 
            shall be no children or descendants, then in equal parts to 
            the next of kin, in equal degree; and among collaterals, the 
            children of a deceased brother or sister of the intestate 
            shall have, in equal parts among them, their deceased 
            parent's share; and there shall, in no case, be a 
            distinction between kindred of the whole and half blood; 
            saving in all cases to the widow of the intestate, her third 
            part of the real estate for life, and one-third part of the 
            personal estate; and this law relative to descents and 
            dower, shall remain in full force until altered by the 
            legislature of the district. And until the governor and 
            judges shall adopt laws as hereinafter mentioned, estates in 
            the said territory may be devised or bequeathed by wills in 
            writing, signed and sealed by him or her in whom the estate 
            may be (being of full age), and attested by three witnesses; 
            and real estates may be conveyed by lease and release, or 
            bargain and sale, signed, sealed, and delivered by the 
            person, being of full

[[Page 544]]

            age, in whom the estate may be, and attested by two 
            witnesses, provided such wills be duly proved, and such 
            conveyances be acknowledged, or the execution thereof duly 
            proved, and be recorded within one year after proper 
            magistrates, courts, and registers, shall be appointed for 
            that purpose; and personal property may be transferred by 
            delivery, saving, however, to the French and Canadian 
            inhabitants, and other settlers of the Kaskaskies, Saint 
            Vincents, and the neighboring villages, who have heretofore 
            professed themselves citizens of Virginia, their laws and 
            customs now in force among them, relative to the descent and 
            conveyance of property.
    1702.3      Sec. 3. Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That 
            there shall be appointed, from time to time, by Congress, a 
            governor whose commission shall continue in force for the 
            term of three years, unless sooner revoked by Congress; he 
            shall reside in the district, and have a freehold estate 
            therein, in one thousand acres of land, while in the 
            exercise of his office.
    1702.4      Sec. 4. There shall be appointed from time to time, by 
            Congress, a secretary, whose commission shall continue in 
            force for four years, unless sooner revoked; he shall reside 
            in the district, and have a freehold estate therein, in five 
            hundred acres of land, while in the exercise of his office. 
            It shall be his duty to keep and preserve the acts and laws 
            passed by the legislature, and the public records of the 
            district, and the proceedings of the governor in his 
            executive department, and transmit authentic copies of such 
            acts and proceedings every six months to the Secretary of 
            Congress. There shall also be appointed a court, to consist 
            of three judges, any two of whom to form a court, who shall 
            have a common-law jurisdiction, and reside in the district, 
            and have each therein a freehold estate, in five hundred 
            acres of land, while in the exercise of their offices; and 
            their commissions shall continue in force during good 
            behavior.
    1702.5      Sec. 5. The governor and judges, or a majority of them, 
            shall adopt and publish in the district such laws of the 
            original States, criminal and civil, as may be necessary, 
            and best suited to the circumstances of the district, and 
            report them to Congress from time to time, which laws shall 
            be in force in the district until the organization of the 
            general assembly therein, unless disapproved of

[[Page 545]]

            by Congress; but afterwards the legislature shall have 
            authority to alter them as they shall think fit.
    1702.6      Sec. 6. The governor, for the time being, shall be 
            commander-in-chief of the militia, appoint and commission 
            all officers in the same below the rank of general officers; 
            all general officers shall be appointed, and commissioned by 
            Congress.
    1702.7      Sec. 7. Previous to the organization of the general 
            assembly the governor shall appoint such magistrates, and 
            other civil officers, in each county or township, as he 
            shall find necessary for the preservation of the peace and 
            good order in the same. After the general assembly shall be 
            organized the powers and duties of magistrates and other 
            civil officers shall be regulated and defined by the said 
            assembly; but all magistrates and other civil officers, not 
            herein otherwise directed, shall, during the continuance of 
            this temporary government, be appointed by the governor.
    1702.8      Sec. 8. For the prevention of crimes and injuries, the 
            laws to be adopted or made shall have force in all parts of 
            the district, and for the execution of process, criminal and 
            civil, the governor shall make proper divisions thereof, and 
            he shall proceed, from time to time, as circumstances may 
            require, to lay out the parts of the district in which the 
            Indian titles shall have been extinguished, into counties 
            and townships, subject, however, to such alterations as may 
            thereafter be made by the legislature.
    1702.9      Sec. 9. So soon as there shall be five thousand free 
            male inhabitants, of full age, in the district, upon giving 
            proof thereof to the governor, they shall receive authority, 
            with time and place, to elect representatives from their 
            counties or townships, to represent them in the general 
            assembly: Provided, That for every five hundred free male 
            inhabitants there shall be one representative, and so on, 
            progressively, with the number of free male inhabitants, 
            shall the right of representation increase, until the number 
            of representatives shall amount to twenty-five; after which 
            the number and proportion of representatives shall be 
            regulated by the legislature: Provided, That no person be 
            eligible or qualified to act as a representative, unless he 
            shall have been a citizen of one of the United States three 
            years, and be a resident in the district, or unless

[[Page 546]]

            he shall have resided in the district three years, and, in 
            either case, shall likewise hold in his own right, in fee-
            simple, two hundred acres of land within the same: Provided 
            also, That a freehold in fifty acres of land in the 
            district, having been a citizen of one of the States, and 
            being resident in the district, or the like freehold and two 
            years' residence in the district, shall be necessary to 
            qualify a man as an elector of a representative.
   1702.10      Sec. 10. The representatives thus elected shall serve 
            for the term of two years; and in case of the death of a 
            representative, or removal from office, the governor shall 
            issue a writ to the county or township, for which he was a 
            member, to elect another in his stead, to serve for the 
            residue of the term.
   1702.11      Sec. 11. The general assembly, or legislature, shall 
            consist of the governor, legislative council, and a house of 
            representatives. The legislative council shall consist of 
            five members, to continue in office five years, unless 
            sooner removed by Congress; any three of whom to be a 
            quorum; and the members of the council shall be nominated 
            and appointed in the following manner, to wit: As soon as 
            representatives shall be elected the governor shall appoint 
            a time and place for them to meet together, and, when met 
            they shall nominate ten persons, resident in the district, 
            and each possessed of a freehold in five hundred acres of 
            land, and return their names to Congress, five of whom 
            Congress shall appoint and commission to serve as aforesaid; 
            and whenever a vacancy shall happen in the council, by death 
            or removal from office, the house of representatives shall 
            nominate two persons, qualified as aforesaid, for each 
            vacancy, and return their names to Congress, one of whom 
            Congress shall appoint and commission for the residue of the 
            term; and every five years, four months at least before the 
            expiration of the time of service of the members of the 
            council, the said house shall nominate ten persons, 
            qualified as aforesaid, and return their names to Congress, 
            five of whom Congress shall appoint and commission to serve 
            as members of the council five years, unless sooner removed. 
            And the governor, legislative council, and house of 
            representatives shall have authority to make laws in all 
            cases for the good government of the district, not repugnant 
            to the principles and articles in this ordinance established 
            and declared. And all bills, having passed by a majority in 
            the

[[Page 547]]

            house, and by a majority in the council, shall be referred 
            to the governor for his assent; but no bill or legislative 
            act whatever, shall be of any force without his assent. The 
            governor shall have power to convene, prorogue, and dissolve 
            the general assembly, when, in his opinion, it shall be 
            expedient.
   1702.12      Sec. 12. The governor, judges, legislative council, 
            secretary, and such other officers as Congress shall appoint 
            in the district, shall take an oath or affirmation of 
            fidelity, and of office; the governor before the President 
            of Congress, and all other officers before the governor. As 
            soon as a legislature shall be formed in the district, the 
            council and house assembled, in one room, shall have 
            authority, by joint ballot, to elect a delegate to Congress, 
            who shall have a seat in Congress, with a right of debating, 
            but not of voting, during this temporary government.
   1702.13      Sec. 13. And for extending the fundamental principles of 
            civil and religious liberty, which form the basis whereon 
            these republics, their laws and constitutions, are erected; 
            to fix and establish those principles as the basis of all 
            laws, constitutions, and governments, which forever 
            hereafter shall be formed in the said territory; to provide, 
            also, for the establishment of States, and permanent 
            government therein, and for their admission to a share in 
            the Federal councils on an equal footing with the original 
            States, at as early periods as may be consistent with the 
            general interest:
   1702.14      Sec. 14. It is hereby ordained and declared, by the 
            authority aforesaid, That the following articles shall be 
            considered as articles of compact, between the original 
            States and the people and States in the said territory, and 
            forever remain unalterable, unless by common consent, to 
            wit:

   1702.15                            Article I

                No person, demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly 
            manner, shall ever be molested on account of his mode of 
            worship, or religious sentiments, in the said territories.

   1702.16                           Article II

                The inhabitants of the said territory shall always be 
            entitled to the benefits of the writs of habeas corpus, and 
            of the trial by jury; of a proportionate representation

[[Page 548]]

            of the people in the legislature, and of judicial 
            proceedings according to the course of the common law. All 
            persons shall be bailable, unless for capital offences, 
            where the proof shall be evident, or the presumption great. 
            All fines shall be moderate; and no cruel or unusual 
            punishments shall be inflicted. No man shall be deprived of 
            his liberty or property, but by the judgment of his peers, 
            or the law of the land, and should the public exigencies 
            make it necessary, for the common preservation, to take any 
            person's property, or to demand his particular services, 
            full compensation shall be made for the same. And, in the 
            just preservation of rights and property, it is understood 
            and declared, that no law ought ever to be made or have 
            force in the said territory, that shall, in any manner 
            whatever, interfere with or affect private contracts, or 
            engagements, bona fide, and without fraud previously formed.

   1702.17                           Article III

                Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to 
            good government, and the happiness of mankind, schools and 
            the means of education shall forever be encouraged. The 
            utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the 
            Indians; their lands and property shall never be taken from 
            them without their consent; and in their property, rights, 
            and liberty they never shall be invaded or disturbed, unless 
            in just and lawful wars authorized by Congress; but laws 
            founded in justice and humanity shall, from time to time, be 
            made, for preventing wrongs being done to them, and for 
            preserving peace and friendship with them.

   1702.18                           Article IV

                The said territory, and the States which may be formed 
            therein, shall forever remain a part of this confederacy of 
            the United States of America, subject to the Articles of 
            Confederation, and to such alterations therein as shall be 
            constitutionally made; and to all the acts and ordinances of 
            the United States in Congress assembled, conformable 
            thereto. The inhabitants and settlers in the said territory 
            shall be subject to pay a part of the Federal debts, 
            contracted, or to be contracted, and a proportional part of 
            the expenses of government to be apportioned on them by 
            Congress, according to the same common rule

[[Page 549]]

            and measure by which apportionments thereof shall be made on 
            the other States; and the taxes for paying their proportion 
            shall be laid and levied by the authority and direction of 
            the legislatures of the district or districts, or new 
            States, as in the original States, within the time agreed 
            upon by the United States in Congress assembled. The 
            legislatures of those districts, or new States, shall never 
            interfere with the primary disposal of the soil by the 
            United States in Congress assembled, nor with any 
            regulations Congress may find necessary for securing the 
            title in such soil to the bona-fide purchasers. No tax shall 
            be imposed on lands the property of the United States; and 
            in no case shall non-resident proprietors be taxed higher 
            than residents. The navigable waters leading into the 
            Mississippi and Saint Lawrence, and the carrying places 
            between the same, shall be common highways, and forever 
            free, as well to the inhabitants of the said territory as to 
            the citizens of the United States, and those of any other 
            States that may be admitted into the confederacy, without 
            any tax, impost, or duty therefor.
            [Sands v. Manistee River Imp. Co., 123 U.S. 288.]
   1702.19                            Article V

                There shall be formed in the said territory not less 
            than three nor more than five States; and the boundaries of 
            the States, as soon as Virginia shall alter her act of 
            cession and consent to the same, shall become fixed and 
            established as follows, to wit: The western State, in the 
            said territory, shall be bounded by the Mississippi, the 
            Ohio, and the Wabash Rivers; a direct line drawn from the 
            Wabash and Post Vincents, due north, to the territorial line 
            between the United States and Canada; and by the said 
            territorial line to the Lake of the Woods and Mississippi. 
            The middle State shall be bounded by the said direct line, 
            the Wabash from Post Vincents to the Ohio, by the Ohio, by a 
            direct line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great 
            Miami to the said territorial line, and by the said 
            territorial line. The eastern State shall be bounded by the 
            last-mentioned direct line, the Ohio, Pennsylvania, and the 
            said territorial line: Provided, however, And it is further 
            understood and declared, that the boundaries of these three 
            States shall be subject so far to be altered that, if 
            Congress shall hereafter find it expedient, they shall have 
            authority to form one or two States

[[Page 550]]

            in that part of the said territory which lies north of an 
            east and west line drawn through the southerly bend or 
            extreme of Lake Michigan. And whenever any of the said 
            States shall have sixty thousand free inhabitants therein, 
            such State shall be admitted, by its delegates, into the 
            Congress of the United States, on an equal footing with the 
            original States, in all respects whatever; and shall be at 
            liberty to form a permanent constitution and State 
            government: Provided, The constitution and government, so to 
            be formed, shall be republican, and in conformity to the 
            principles contained in these articles, and, so far as it 
            can be consistent with the general interests of the 
            Confederacy, such admission shall be allowed at an earlier 
            period, and when there may be a less number of free 
            inhabitants in the State than sixty thousand.

   1702.20                           Article VI

                There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude 
            in the said territory, otherwise than in the punishment of 
            crimes, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted: 
            Provided always, That any person escaping in the same, from 
            whom labor or service is lawfully claimed in any one of the 
            original States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed, 
            and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor service 
            as aforesaid.
   1702.21      Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That the 
            resolutions of the 23d of April, 1784, relative to the 
            subject of this ordinance, be, and the same are hereby, 
            repealed, and declared null and void.
                Done by the United States, in Congress assembled, the 
            13th day of July, in the year of our Lord 1787, and of their 
            sovereignty and independence the 12th.

                                                        Charles Thomson,

                                                                  Sec'y.
                          constitution of the united states




[[Page 551]]
                                       [1710]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                    CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
            ____________________________________________________________

                                HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

                In May 1785, a committee of Congress made a report 
            recommending an alteration in the Articles of Confederation, 
            but no action was taken on it, and it was left to the State 
            Legislatures to proceed in the matter. In January 1786, the 
            Legislature of Virginia passed a resolution providing for 
            the appointment of five commissioners, who, or any three of 
            them, should meet such commissioners as might be appointed 
            in the other States of the Union, at a time and place to be 
            agreed upon, to take into consideration the trade of the 
            United States; to consider how far a uniform system in their 
            commercial regulations may be necessary to their common 
            interest and their permanent harmony; and to report to the 
            several States such an act, relative to this great object, 
            as, when ratified by them, will enable the United States in 
            Congress effectually to provide for the same.
                The Virginia commissioners, after some correspondence, 
            fixed the first Monday in September as the time, and the 
            city of Annapolis as the place for the meeting, but only 
            four other States were represented, viz: Delaware, New York, 
            New Jersey, and Pennsylvania; the commissioners appointed by 
            Massachusetts, New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Rhode 
            Island failed to attend. Under the circumstances of so 
            partial a representation, the commissioners present agreed 
            upon a report (drawn by Mr. Hamilton, of New York), 
            expressing their unanimous conviction that it might 
            essentially tend to advance the interests of the Union if 
            the States by which they were respectively delegated would 
            concur, and use their endeavors to procure the concurrence 
            of the other States, in the appointment of commissioners to 
            meet at Philadelphia on the second Monday of May following, 
            to take into consideration the situation of the United 
            States; to devise such further provisions as should appear 
            to them necessary to render the Constitution of the Federal 
            Government adequate to the exigencies of the Union; and to 
            report such an act for that purpose to the United States in 
            Congress assembled as, when agreed to by them and afterwards 
            confirmed by the Legislatures of every State, would 
            effectually provide for the same.
                Congress, on the 21st of February, 1787, adopted a 
            resolution in favor of a convention, and the Legislatures of 
            those States which had not already done so (with the 
            exception of Rhode Island) promptly appointed delegates. On 
            the 25th of May, seven States having convened, George 
            Washington, of Virginia, was unanimously elected President, 
            and the consideration of the proposed constitution was 
            commenced. On the 17th of September, 1787, the Constitution 
            as engrossed and agreed upon was signed by all the members 
            present, except Mr. Gerry, of Massachu

[[Page 552]]

            setts, and Messrs. Mason and Randolph, of Virginia. The 
            president of the convention transmitted it to Congress, with 
            a resolution stating how the proposed Federal Government 
            should be put in operation, and an explanatory letter. 
            Congress, on the 28th of September, 1787, directed the 
            Constitution so framed, with the resolutions and letter 
            concerning the same, to ``be transmitted to the several 
            Legislatures in order to be submitted to a convention of 
            delegates chosen in each State by the people thereof, in 
            conformity to the resolves of the convention.''
                On the 4th of March, 1789, the day which had been fixed 
            for commencing the operations of Government under the new 
            Constitution, it had been ratified by the conventions chosen 
            in each State to consider it, as follows: Delaware, December 
            7, 1787; Pennsylvania, December 12, 1787; New Jersey, 
            December 19, 1787; Georgia, January 2, 1788; Connecticut, 
            January 9, 1788; Massachusetts, February 6, 1788; Maryland, 
            April 28, 1788; South Carolina, May 23, 1788; New Hampshire, 
            June 21, 1788; Virginia, June 25, 1788; and New York, July 
            26, 1788.
                The President informed Congress, on the 28th of January, 
            1790, that North Carolina had ratified the Constitution 
            November 21, 1789; and he informed Congress on the 1st of 
            June, 1790, that Rhode Island had ratified the Constitution 
            May 29, 1790. Vermont, in convention, ratified the 
            Constitution January 10, 1791, and was, by an act of 
            Congress approved February 18, 1791, ``received and admitted 
            into this Union as a new and entire member of the United 
            States.''
            constitution of the united states



[[Page 553]]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
                    CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
            ____________________________________________________________
    1710.1  We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more 
                perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic 
                Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the 
                general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to 
                ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish 
                this Constitution for the United States of America.


      1711                            ARTICLE I

    1711.1      Section 1. All legislative Powers herein granted shall 
            be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall 
            consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
    1711.2      Section 2. \1\The House of Representatives shall be 
            composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People 
            of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall 
            have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most 
            numerous Branch of the State Legislature.
    1711.3      \2\ No Person shall be a Representative who shall not 
            have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been 
            seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall 
            not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which 
            he shall be chosen.
                Note: The Constitution consists of sections and clauses. 
            While sections are numbered, clauses are designated by a 
            superscript to the left of a paragraph. Text set off by 
            brackets has been repealed, amended, or otherwise changed.
                The part in Article 1, section 2, clause 3 relating to 
            apportionment of Representatives was repealed by section 1 
            of amendment XIV; the part relating to taxes on income 
            without apportionment was repealed by amendment XVI.
    1711.4      \3\ [Representatives and direct Taxes shall be 
            apportioned among the several States which may be included 
            within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, 
            which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of 
            free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of 
            Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all 
            other Persons.] The actual Enumeration shall be made within 
            three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the 
            United States, and within every subse

[[Page 554]]

            quent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law 
            direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one 
            for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at 
            Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall 
            be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to 
            chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and 
            Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, 
            New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland 
            six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, 
            and Georgia three.\1\
                \1\ The Act of June 18, 1926 (46 Stat. 26), as amended 
            by the Act of Nov. 15, 1941 (55 Stat. 761), provides for 
            reapportionment of the existing number of Representatives 
            (435) among the States following each new census (see 2 
            U.S.C. 2a).
                The part included in brackets in Article I, section 3, 
            clause 1 was changed by amendment XVII.
                The part included in brackets in Article I, section 3, 
            clause 2 was changed by amendment XVII.
    1711.5      \4\ When vacancies happen in the Representation from any 
            State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of 
            Election to fill such Vacancies.
    1711.6      \5\ The House of Representatives shall chuse their 
            Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of 
            Impeachment.
    1711.7      \1\ Section 3. The Senate of the United States shall be 
            composed of two Senators from each State, [chosen by the 
            Legislature] thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall 
            have one Vote.
    1711.8      \2\ Immediately after they shall be assembled in 
            Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as 
            equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the 
            Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the 
            Expiration of the Second Year, of the second Class at the 
            Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the 
            Expiration of the sixth Year; so that one-third may be 
            chosen every second Year; [and if Vacancies happen by 
            Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the 
            Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make 
            temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the 
            Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies].
    1711.9      \3\ No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have 
            attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a 
            Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when 
            elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall 
            be chosen.

[[Page 555]]


   1711.10      \4\ The Vice President of the United States shall be 
            President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they 
            be equally divided.
   1711.11      \5\ The Senate shall choose their other Officers, and 
            also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice 
            President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President 
            of the United States.
   1711.12      \6\ The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all 
            Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be 
            on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United 
            States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no 
            Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two-
            thirds of the Members present.
   1711.13      \7\ Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend 
            further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to 
            hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust, or Profit under 
            the United States: but the Party convicted shall 
            nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, 
            Judgment, and Punishment, according to Law.
   1711.14      Section 4. \1\ The Time, Places and Manner of holding 
            Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be 
            prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the 
            Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such 
            Regulations, except as to the Places of choosing Senators.
   1711.15      \2\ [The Congress shall assemble at least once in every 
            Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in 
            December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.]
                The part included in brackets in Article I, section 4, 
            clause 2 was superseded by section 2 of amendment XX.
   1711.16      Section 5. \1\ Each House shall be the Judge of the 
            Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members, 
            and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do 
            Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, 
            and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent 
            Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each 
            House may provide.
   1711.17      \2\ Each House may determine the Rules of its 
            Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behavior, 
            and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
   1711.18      \3\ Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, 
            and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts 
            as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the

[[Page 556]]

            Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question 
            shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present be 
            entered on the Journal.
   1711.19      \4\ Neither House, during the Session of Congress, 
            shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more 
            than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which 
            the two Houses shall be sitting.
   1711.20      Section 6. \1\ The Senators and Representatives shall 
            receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained 
            by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. 
            They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach 
            of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their 
            Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in 
            going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or 
            Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any 
            other Place.
   1711.21      \2\ No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time 
            for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office 
            under the Authority of the United States, which shall have 
            been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been 
            encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office 
            under the United States, shall be a Member of either House 
            during his Continuance in Office.
   1711.22      Section 7. \1\ All Bills for raising Revenue shall 
            originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate 
            may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
   1711.23      \2\ Every Bill which shall have passed the House of 
            Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a 
            Law, be presented to the President of the United States; if 
            he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, 
            with his Objections to that House in which it shall have 
            originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their 
            Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such 
            Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass 
            the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to 
            the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, 
            and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become 
            a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall 
            be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons 
            voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the 
            Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be 
            returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) 
            after it shall

[[Page 557]]

            have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like 
            Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their 
            Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not 
            be a Law.
   1711.24      \3\ Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the 
            Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may 
            be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be 
            presented to the President of the United States; and before 
            the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or 
            being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of 
            the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the 
            Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
   1711.25      Section 8. \1\ The Congress shall have Power To lay and 
            collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts 
            and provide for the common Defense and general Welfare of 
            the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall 
            be uniform throughout the United States;
   1711.26      \2\ To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
   1711.27      \3\ To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among 
            the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
   1711.28      \4\ To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and 
            uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the 
            United States;
   1711.29      \5\ To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of 
            foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
   1711.30      \6\ To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the 
            Securities and current Coin of the United States;
   1711.31      \7\ To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
   1711.32      \8\ To promote  the Progress of Science and useful Arts, 
            by  securing  for  limited  Times  to  Authors  and  
            Inventors  the exclusive Right to their respective Writings 
            and Discoveries;
   1711.33      \9\ To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme 
            Court;
   1711.34      \10\ To define and punish Piracies and Felonies 
            committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of 
            Nations;
   1711.35      \11\ To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and 
            Reprisal and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and 
            Water;
   1711.36      \12\ To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation 
            of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two 
            Years;

[[Page 558]]


   1711.37      \13\ To provide and maintain a Navy;
   1711.38      \14\ To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of 
            the land and naval Forces;
   1711.39      \15\ To provide  for calling forth the Militia to 
            execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and 
            repel Invasions;
   1711.40      \16\ To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining 
            the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be 
            employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to 
            the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, 
            and the Authority of training the Militia according to the 
            discipline prescribed by Congress;
   1711.41      \17\ To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases 
            whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles 
            square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the 
            acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of 
            the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all 
            Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the 
            State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, 
            Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful 
            Buildings;--And
   1711.42      \18\ To make all Laws which shall be necessary and 
            proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and 
            all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the 
            Government of the United States, or in any Department or 
            Officer thereof.
   1711.43      Section 9. \1\ The Migration or Importation of Such 
            Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper 
            to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to 
            the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or 
            duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten 
            dollars for each Person.
   1711.44      \2\ The privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not 
            be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion 
            the public Safety may require it.
   1711.45      \3\ No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be 
            passed.
   1711.46      \4\ No capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, 
            unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein 
            before directed to be taken. \2\
                \2\ See also amendment XVI.

[[Page 559]]


   1711.47      \5\ No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported 
            from any State.
   1711.48      \6\ No preference shall be given by any Regulation of 
            Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of 
            another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State be 
            obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
   1711.49      \7\ No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in 
            Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular 
            Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of 
            all public Money shall be published from time to time.
   1711.50      \8\ No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United 
            States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust 
            under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, 
            accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any 
            kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.
   1711.51      Section 10.\1\ No State shall enter into any Treaty, 
            Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and 
            Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing 
            but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass 
            any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing 
            the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
   1711.52      \2\ No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, 
            lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what 
            may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection 
            Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by 
            any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the 
            Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be 
            subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress.
   1711.53      \3\ No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay 
            any duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of 
            Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another 
            State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless 
            actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not 
            admit of delay.

      1712

                                           

                                     ARTICLE II

    1712.1      Section 1. \1\ The executive Power shall be vested in a 
            President of the United States of America. He shall

[[Page 560]]

            hold his Office during the Term of four years, \3\ and, 
            together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same Term, 
            be elected, as follows:
                \3\See also amendment XXII.
    1712.2      \2\ Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the 
            Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal 
            to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which 
            the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or 
            Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or 
            Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an 
            Elector.
    1712.3      [The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and 
            vote by Ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall 
            not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And 
            they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of 
            the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and 
            certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government 
            of the United States, directed to the President of the 
            Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence 
            of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the 
            Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The 
            Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the 
            President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number 
            of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who 
            have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then 
            the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by 
            Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a 
            Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said 
            House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in 
            chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, 
            the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum 
            for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from 
            two-thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States 
            shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the 
            Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest 
            Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice-President. 
            But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, 
            the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice-
            President.]
                The part in Article II, section 1, clause 2 included in 
            brackets was superseded by amendment XII.
    1712.4      \3\ The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the 
            Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their

[[Page 561]]

            Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United 
            States.
    1712.5      \4\ No person except a natural born Citizen, or a 
            Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of 
            this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of 
            President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that 
            Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-five 
            Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United 
            States.
    1712.6      \5\ In case of the Removal of the President from Office, 
            or of his Death, resignation, or Inability to discharge the 
            Powers and Duties of the said Office,\4\ the same shall 
            devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law 
            provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or 
            Inability, both of the President and Vice President, 
            declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such 
            Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be 
            removed, or a President shall be elected.
                \4\ See also amendment XXV.
    1712.7      \6\ The President shall, at stated Times, receive for 
            his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be 
            encreased nor diminished during the Period for which he 
            shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within 
            that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or 
            any of them.
    1712.8      \7\ Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he 
            shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:--``I do 
            solemly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the 
            Office of President of the United States, and will to the 
            best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the 
            Constitution of the United States.''
    1712.9      Section 2. \1\ The President shall be Commander in Chief 
            of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the 
            Militia of the several States, when called into the actual 
            Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in 
            writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive 
            Departments, upon any subject relating to the Duties of 
            their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant 
            Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United 
            States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
   1712.10      \2\ He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and 
            Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two-

[[Page 562]]

            thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall 
            nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the 
            Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers 
            and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other 
            Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not 
            herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be 
            established by law; but the Congress may by Law vest the 
            Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, 
            in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the 
            Heads of Departments.
   1712.11      \3\ The President shall have Power to fill up all 
            Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, 
            by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of 
            their next Session.
   1712.12      Section 3. He shall from time to time give to the 
            Congress Information of the State of the Union, and 
            recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall 
            judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary 
            Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in 
            Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time 
            of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall 
            think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public 
            Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully 
            executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the 
            United States.
   1712.13      Section 4. The President, Vice President and all civil 
            Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office 
            on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or 
            other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.

      1713                           ARTICLE III

    1713.1      Section 1. The judicial Power of the United States, 
            shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior 
            Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and 
            establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior 
            Courts, shall hold their offices during good Behaviour, and 
            shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a 
            Compensation which shall not be diminished during their 
            Continuance in Office.
    1713.2      Section 2. \1\ The judicial Power shall extend to all 
            Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, 
            the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which 
            shall be made, under their Authority;--to all Cases

[[Page 563]]

            affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;--
            to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;--to 
            Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--
            to Controversies between two or more States;--between a 
            State and Citizens of another State;--between Citizens of 
            different States;--between Citizens of the same State 
            claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between 
            a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, 
            Citizens or Subjects.
    1713.3      \2\ In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public 
            Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be 
            Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. 
            In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court 
            shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, 
            with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the 
            Congress shall make.
    1713.4      \3\ The trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of 
            Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held 
            in the State where the said Crimes shall have been 
            committed; but when not committed within any State, the 
            Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may 
            by Law have directed.
    1713.5      Section 3. \1\ Treason against the United States, shall 
            consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to 
            their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall 
            be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two 
            Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open 
            Court.
    1713.6      \2\ The Congress shall have power to declare the 
            Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall 
            work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the 
            Life of the Person attainted.

      1714                           ARTICLE IV

    1714.1      Section 1. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each 
            State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings 
            of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws 
            prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and 
            Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
    1714.2      Section 2. \1\ The Citizens of each State shall be 
            entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the 
            several States.

[[Page 564]]


    1714.3      \2\ A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, 
            or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in 
            another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of 
            the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed 
            to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
    1714.4      \3\ [No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, 
            under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in 
            Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged 
            from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on 
            Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be 
            due.]
                The part included in brackets in Article IV, section 2, 
            clause 3 was superseded by amendment XIII.
    1714.5      Section 3. \1\ New States may be admitted by the 
            Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed 
            or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor 
            any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, 
            or parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures 
            of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
    1714.6      \2\ The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make 
            all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory 
            of other Property belonging to the United States; and 
            nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to 
            Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any 
            particular State.
    1714.7      Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every 
            State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and 
            shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on 
            Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when 
            the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic 
            Violence.
                                      ARTICLE V

      1715      The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall 
            deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this 
            Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of 
            two-thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention 
            for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be 
            valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this 
            Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three-
            fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three-
            fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of 
            Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that 
            no

[[Page 565]]

            Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand 
            eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first 
            and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first 
            Article, and that no State without its Consent, shall be 
            deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.


      1716                           ARTICLE VI

    1716.1      \1\ All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, 
            before the Adoption of this Constitution shall be as valid 
            against the United States under this Constitution, as under 
            the Confederation.
    1716.2      \2\ This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States 
            which shall be made in Pursuance thereof, and all Treaties 
            made, or which shall be made, under Authority of the United 
            States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land, and the Judges 
            in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the 
            Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary 
            notwithstanding.
    1716.3      \3\ The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, 
            and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all 
            executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States 
            and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or 
            Affirmation, to support this constitution; but no religious 
            Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office 
            or public Trust under the United States.


      1717                           ARTICLE VII

                The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States shall 
            be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution 
            between the States so ratifying the Same.
      1718  Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States 
                present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of 
                our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and 
                of the Independence of the United States of America the 
                Twelfth. In witness whereof We have here unto subscribed 
                our Names,

                                             Go. WASHINGTON--

                           Presidt. and deputy from Virginia.

                                    New Hampshire

            John Langdon,
            Nicholas Gilman.

[[Page 566]]



                                    Massachusetts

            Nathaniel Gorham,
            Rufus King.

                                     Connecticut

            Wm. Saml. Johnson,
            Roger Sherman.

                                      New York

            Alexander Hamiltion.
              

                                     New Jersey

            Wil: Livingston,
            David Brearley,
            Wm. Paterson,
            Jona. Dayton.

                                    Pennsylvania

            B. Franklin,
            Robt. Morris,
            Tho: Fitzsimons,
            James Wilson,
            Thomas Mifflin,
            Geo: Clymer,
            Jared Ingersoll,
            Gouv: Morris.

                                      Delaware

            Geo: Read,
            John Dickinson,
            Jaco: Broom,
            Gunning Bedford, Jun'r,
            Richard Bassett.

                                      Maryland

            James M'Henry,
            Danl Carroll,
            Dan: of St. Thos. Jenifer.

                                      Virginia

            John Blair,
            James Madison, Jr.

                                   North Carolina

            Wm. Blount,
            Hu. Williamson,
            Rich'd Dobbs Spaight.

                                   South Carolina

            J. Rutledge,
              
            Charles Pinckney,
            Charles Cotesworth
              Pinckney,
            Pierce Butler.

[[Page 567]]



                                       Georgia

            William Few,
              
                Attest:
            Abr. Baldwin.
              
            William Jackson, Secretary.

            constitution of the united states




[[Page 569]]
                                       [1720]
            ____________________________________________________________
 
            Articles in addition to, and amendment of, the constitution 
                of the united states of america, proposed by congress, 
                and ratified by the legislatures of the several states, 
                pursuant to the fifth article of the original 
                constitution
            ____________________________________________________________

      1721                         AMENDMENT I \1\

                Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment 
            of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or 
            abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the 
            right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition 
            the Government for a redress of grievances.
                \1\The first 10 amendments were proposed by Congress on 
            September 25, 1789, when they passed the Senate [1 Ann. 
            Cong. (1st Cong., 1st sess.) 90], having previously passed 
            the House on September 24, 1789 [Id., 948]. They appear 
            officially in 1 Stat. 97 and were proposed to the 
            legislatures of the several States by the First Congress on 
            September 25, 1789. The first 10 amendments were ratified by 
            the following States on the following dates: New Jersey, 
            November 20, 1789; Maryland, December 19, 1789; North 
            Carolina, December 22, 1789; South Carolina, January 19, 
            1790; New Hampshire, January 25, 1790; Delaware, January 28, 
            1790; New York, February 27, 1790; Pennsylvania, March 10, 
            1790; Rhode Island, June 7, 1790; Vermont, November 3, 1791; 
            Virginia, December 15, 1791; Massachusetts, March 2, 1939; 
            Georgia, March 18, 1939; Connecticut, April 19, 1939.
                In Dillon v. Gloss, 256 U.S. 368 [1921], the Supreme 
            Court stated that it would take judicial notice of the date 
            on which a State ratified a proposed constitutional 
            amendment. Accordingly, the Court consulted the State 
            journals to determine the dates on which each house of the 
            legislature of certain States ratified the Eighteenth 
            amendment. It, therefore, follows that the date on which the 
            governor approved the ratification, or the date on which the 
            secretary of state of a given State certified the 
            ratification, or the date on which the Secretary of State of 
            the United States received a copy of said certificate, or 
            the date on which he proclaimed that the amendment had been 
            ratified are not controlling. Hence, the ratification date 
            given on the following pages is the date on which the 
            legislature of a given State approved the particular 
            amendment (signature by the speaker or presiding officers of 
            both houses being considered a part of the ratification of 
            the ``legislature''). When that date is not available, the 
            date given is that on which it was approved by the governor 
            or certified by the secretary of state of the particular 
            State. In each case such fact has been noted. Information as 
            to ratification is based on data supplied by the Department 
            of State and the General Services Administration.

      1722                          AMENDMENT II

                A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the 
            security of a free State, the right of the people to keep 
            and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.


[[Page 570]]


      1723                          AMENDMENT III

                No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any 
            house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, 
            but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

      1724                          AMENDMENT IV

                The right of the people to be secure in their persons, 
            houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches 
            and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall 
            issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or 
            affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be 
            searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

      1725                           AMENDMENT V

                No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or 
            other wise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or 
            indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the 
            land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual 
            service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any 
            person be subject for the same offenses to be twice put in 
            jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any 
            criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be 
            deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process 
            of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, 
            without just compensation.

      1726                          AMENDMENT VI

                In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy 
            the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury 
            of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been 
            committed, which district shall have been previously 
            ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and 
            cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses 
            against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining 
            witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of 
            Counsel for his defence.

      1727                          AMENDMENT VII

                In suits at common law, where the value in controversy 
            shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury 
            shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be 
            other

[[Page 571]]

            wise reexamined in any Court of the United States, than 
            according to the rules of the common law.

      1728                         AMENDMENT VIII

                Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive 
            fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

      1729                          AMENDMENT IX

                The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, 
            shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained 
            by the people.

      1730                           AMENDMENT X

                The powers not delegated to the United States by the 
            Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are 
            reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

      1731                        AMENDMENT XI \2\

                The Judicial power of the United States shall not be 
            construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced 
            or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens 
            of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign 
            State.
                \2\The eleventh amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            March 4, 1794, when it passed the House [4 Ann. Cong. (3d 
            Cong., 1st sess.) 477, 478], having previously passed the 
            Senate on January 14 [Id., 30, 31]. It appears officially in 
            1 Stat. 402. Ratification was completed on February 7, 1795, 
            when the twelfth State (North Carolina) approved the 
            amendment, there being then 15 States in the Union. Official 
            announcement of ratification was not made until January 8, 
            1798, when President John Adams in a message to Congress 
            stated that the eleventh amendment had been adopted by 
            three-fourths of the States and that it ``may now be deemed 
            to be part of the Constitution'' [1 Mess. and Papers of 
            Pres. 250]. In the interim South Carolina had ratified, and 
            Tennessee had been admitted into the Union as the sixteenth 
            State.
                The eleventh amendment was ratified by the several State 
            legislatures on the following dates: New York, March 27, 
            1794; Rhode Island, March 31, 1794; Connecticut, May 8, 
            1794; New Hampshire, June 16, 1794; Massachusetts, June 26, 
            1794; Vermont, between October 9 and November 9, 1794; 
            Virginia, November 18, 1794; Georgia, November 29, 1794; 
            Kentucky, December 7, 1794; Maryland, December 26, 1794; 
            Delaware, January 23, 1795; North Carolina, February 7, 
            1795; South Carolina, December 4, 1797 [State Department, 
            Press Releases, vol. XII, p. 247 (1935)].

      1732                        AMENDMENT XII \3\

                                    AMENDMENT XII

                The electors shall meet in their respective states, and 
            vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of
                The part included in brackets in amendment XII was 
            superseded by section 3 of amendment XX.
                \3\The twelfth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            December 9, 1803, when it passed the House [13 Ann. Cong. 
            (8th Cong., 1st sess.) 775, 776], having previously passed 
            the Senate on December 2 [Id., 209]. It was not signed by 
            the presiding officers of the House and Senate until 
            December 12. It appears officially in 2 Stat. 306. 
            Ratification was probably completed on June 15, 1804, when 
            the legislature of the thirteenth State (New Hampshire) 
            approved the amendment, there being then 17 States in the 
            Union. The Governor of New Hampshire, however, vetoed this 
            act of the legislature on June 20, and the act failed to 
            pass again by two-thirds vote then required by the State 
            constitution. In as much as Article V of the Federal 
            Constitution specifies that amendments shall become 
            effective ``when ratified by the legislatures of three-
            fourths of the several States or by conventions in three-
            fourths thereof,'' it has been generally believed that an 
            approval or veto by a Governor is without significance. If 
            the ratification by New Hampshire be deemed ineffective, 
            then the amendment became operative by Tennessee's 
            ratification on July 27, 1804. On September 25, 1804, in a 
            circular letter to the Governors of the several States, 
            Secretary of State Madison declared the amendment ratified 
            by three-fourths of the States.
                The twelfth amendment was ratified by the several State 
            legislatures on the following dates: North Carolina, 
            December 22, 1803; Maryland, December 24, 1803; Kentucky, 
            December 27, 1803; Ohio, between December 5 and December 30, 
            1803; Pennsylvania, January 5, 1804; Vermont, January 30, 
            1804; Virginia, between December 20, 1803 and February 3, 
            1804; New York, February 10, 1804; New Jersey, February 22, 
            1804; Rhode Island, between February 27 and March 12, 1804; 
            South Carolina, May 15, 1804; Georgia, May 19, 1804; New 
            Hampshire, June 15, 1804; Tennessee, July 27, 1804. The 
            amendment was rejected by Delaware on January 18, 1804; and 
            by Connecticut at its session begun May 10, 1804; 
            Massachusetts ratified this amendment in 1961 (after having 
            rejected it on February 3, 1804).

[[Page 572]]

            whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state 
            with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person 
            voted for, as President, and in distinct ballots the person 
            voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct 
            lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all 
            persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of 
            votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and 
            transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United 
            States, directed to the President of the Senate;--The 
            President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate 
            and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and 
            the votes shall then be counted;--The person having the 
            greatest number of votes for President, shall be the 
            President, if such number be a majority of the whole number 
            of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, 
            then from the persons having the highest numbers not 
            exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, 
            the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by 
            ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the 
            votes shall be taken by states the representation from each 
            state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall 
            consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the 
            states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary 
            to a choice. [And if the House of Representatives shall not 
            choose a President whenever the right of

[[Page 573]]

            choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of 
            March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as 
            President, as in the case of the death or other 
            constitutional disability of the President.]--The person 
            having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall 
            be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the 
            whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a 
            majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the 
            Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the 
            purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of 
            Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be 
            necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally 
            ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to 
            that of Vice-President of the United States.

      1733                       AMENDMENT XIII \4\

    1733.1      Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, 
            except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall 
            have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United 
            States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
                \4\The thirteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            January 31, 1865, when it passed the House [Cong. Globe 
            (38th Cong., 2d sess.) 531], having previously passed the 
            Senate on April 8, 1864 [Id. (38th cong., 1st sess.) 1490]. 
            It appears officially in 13 Stat. 567 under date of February 
            1, 1865. Ratification was completed on December 6, 1865, 
            when the legislature of the twenty-seventh State (Georgia) 
            approved the amendment, there being then 36 States in the 
            Union. On December 18, 1865, Secretary of State Seward 
            certified that the thirteenth amendment had become a part of 
            the Constitution [13 Stat. 774].
                The thirteenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Illinois, 
            February 1, 1865; Rhode Island, February 2, 1865; Michigan, 
            February 2, 1865; Maryland, February 3, 1865; New York, 
            February 3, 1865; West Virginia, February 3, 1865; Missouri, 
            February 6, 1865; Maine, February 7, 1865; Kansas, February 
            7, 1865; Massachusetts, February 7, 1865; Pennsylvania, 
            February 8, 1865; Virginia, February 9, 1865; Ohio, February 
            10, 1865; Louisiana, February 15 or 16, 1865; Indiana, 
            February 16, 1865; Nevada, February 16, 1865; Minnesota, 
            February 23, 1865; Wisconsin, February 24, 1865; Vermont, 
            March 9, 1865 (date on which it was ``approved'' by 
            Governor); Tennessee, April 7, 1865; Arkansas, April 14, 
            1865; Connecticut, May 4, 1865; New Hampshire, June 30, 
            1865; South Carolina, November 13, 1865; Alabama, December 
            2, 1865 (date on which it was ``approved'' by Provisional 
            Governor); North Carolina, December 4, 1865; Georgia, 
            December 6, 1865; Oregon, December 11, 1865; California, 
            December 15, 1865; Florida, December 28, 1865 (Florida again 
            ratified this amendment on June 9, 1868, upon its adoption 
            of a new constitution); Iowa, January 17, 1866; New Jersey, 
            January 23, 1866 (after having rejected the amendment on 
            March 16, 1865); Texas, February 17, 1870; Delaware, 
            February 12, 1901 (after having rejected the amendment on 
            February 8, 1865); Kentucky, March 18, 1976 (after having 
            rejected the amendment on February 24, 1865). The amendment 
            was rejected by Mississippi on December 2, 1865.
                A ``thirteenth amendment'' depriving of United States 
            citizenship any citizen who should accept any title, office, 
            or emolument from a foreign power, was proposed by Congress 
            on May 1, 1810, when it passed the House [21 Ann. Cong. 
            (11th Cong., 2d sess.) 2050], having previously passed the 
            Senate on April 27 [20 Ann. Cong. (11th Cong., 2d sess.) 
            672]. It appears officially in 2 Stat. 613. It failed of 
            adoption, being ratified by but 12 States up to December 10, 
            1812 [2 Miscell. Amer. State Papers, 477-479; 2 Doc. Hist. 
            Const. 454-499], there then being 18 in all.
                Another ``thirteenth amendment'', forbidding any future 
            amendment that should empower Congress to interfere with the 
            domestic institution of any State, was proposed by Congress 
            on March 2, 1861, when it passed the Senate [Cong. Globe 
            (36th Cong., 2d sess.) 1403], having previously passed the 
            House on February 28 [Id., 1285]. It appears officially in 
            12 Stat. 2512. It failed of adoption, being ratified by but 
            three States: Ohio, May 13, 1861 [58 Laws Ohio 190]; 
            Maryland, January 10, 1862 [Laws Maryland (1861-62) 21]; 
            Illinois, February 14, 1862 [2 Doc. Hist. Const., 518] 
            irregular, because by convention instead of by legislature 
            as authorized by Congress.

[[Page 574]]


    1733.2      Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this 
            article by appropriate legislation.

      1734                          AMENDMENT XIV

                                  AMENDMENT XIV \5\

    1734.1      Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United 
            States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are

[[Page 575]]

            citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they 
            reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall 
            abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the 
            United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of 
            life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor 
            deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal 
            protection of the laws.
                \5\The fourteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            June 13, 1866, when it passed the House [Cong. Globe (39th 
            Cong., 1st sess.) 3148, 3149], having previously passed the 
            Senate on June 8 [Id., 3042]. It appears officially in 14 
            Stat. 358 under date of June 16, 1866. Ratification was 
            probably completed on July 9, 1868, when the legislature of 
            the twenty-eighth State (South Carolina or Louisiana) 
            approved the amendment, there being then 37 States in the 
            Union. However, Ohio and New Jersey had prior to that date 
            ``withdrawn'' their earlier assent to this amendment. 
            Accordingly, Secretary of State Seward on July 20, 1868, 
            certified that the amendment had become a part of the 
            Constitution if the said withdrawals were ineffective [15 
            Stat. 706-707]. Congress at once (July 21, 1868) passed a 
            joint resolution declaring the amendment a part of the 
            Constitution and directing the Secretary to promulgate it as 
            such. On July 28, 1868, Secretary Seward certified without 
            reservation that the amendment was a part of the 
            Constitution. In the interim, two other States, Alabama on 
            July 13 and Georgia on July 21, 1868, had added their 
            ratifications.
                The fourteenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Connecticut, June 
            30, 1866; New Hampshire, July 7, 1866; Tennessee, July 19, 
            1866; New Jersey, September 11, 1866 (the New Jersey 
            Legislature on February 20, 1868, ``withdrew'' its consent 
            to the ratification; the Governor vetoed that bill on March 
            5, 1868, and it was repassed over his veto on March 24, 
            1868; and on Nov. 12, 1980, the Legislature expressed 
            support for the amendment); Oregon, September 19, 1866 
            (Oregon ``withdrew'' its consent on October 15, 1868); 
            Vermont, October 30, 1866; New York, January 10, 1867; Ohio, 
            January 11, 1867 (Ohio ``withdrew'' its consent on January 
            15, 1868); Illinois, January 15, 1867; West Virginia, 
            January 16, 1867; Michigan, January 16, 1867; Kansas, 
            January 17, 1867; Minnesota, January 17, 1867; Maine, 
            January 19, 1867; Nevada, January 22, 1867; Indiana, January 
            23, 1867; Missouri, January 26, 1867 (date on which it was 
            certified by the Missouri secretary of state); Rhode Island, 
            February 7, 1867; Pennsylvania, February 12, 1867; 
            Wisconsin, February 13, 1867 (actually passed February 7, 
            but not signed by legislative officers until February 13); 
            Massachusetts, March 20, 1867; Nebraska, June 15, 1867; 
            Iowa, March 9, 1868; Arkansas, April 6, 1868; Florida, June 
            9, 1868; North Carolina, July 2, 1868 (after having rejected 
            the amendment on December 13, 1866); Louisiana, July 9, 1868 
            (after having rejected the amendment on February 6, 1867); 
            South Carolina, July 9, 1868 (after having rejected the 
            amendment on December 20, 1866); Alabama, July 13, 1868 
            (date on which it was ``approved'' by the Governor); 
            Georgia, July 21, 1868 (after having rejected the amendment 
            on November 9, 1866--Georgia ratified again on February 2, 
            1870); Virginia, October 8, 1869 (after having rejected the 
            amendment on January 9, 1867); Mississippi, January 17, 
            1870; Texas, February 18, 1870 (after having rejected the 
            amendment on October 27, 1866); Delaware, February 12, 1901 
            (after having rejected the amendment on February 8, 1867); 
            Maryland, April 4, 1959 (after having rejected the amendment 
            on March 23, 1867); California, May 6, 1959; Kentucky, March 
            18, 1976 (after having rejected the amendment on January 8, 
            1867).
    1734.2      Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among 
            the several States according to their respective numbers, 
            counting the whole number of persons in each State, 
            excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at 
            any election for the choice of electors for President and 
            Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in 
            Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or 
            the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of 
            the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years 
            of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way 
            abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other 
            crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced 
            in the proportion which the number of such male citizens 
            shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one 
            years of age in such State.
    1734.3      Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or 
            Representative in Congress, or elector of President and 
            Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under 
            the United States, or under any State, who, having 
            previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an 
            officer of the United States, or as a member of any State 
            legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any 
            State, to support the Constitution of the United States, 
            shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the 
            same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But 
            Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove 
            such disability.
    1734.4      Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United 
            States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for 
            payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing 
            insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But 
            neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay 
            any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or 
            rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the 
            loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, 
            obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

[[Page 576]]


    1734.5      Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by 
            appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

      1735                          AMENDMENT XV

                                   AMENDMENT XV \6\

    1735.1      Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to 
            vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or 
            by any State on account of race, color, or previous 
            condition of servitude.
                \6\The fifteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            February 26, 1869, when it passed the Senate [Cong. Globe 
            (40th Cong., 3d sess.) 1641], having previously passed the 
            House on February 25 [Id., 1563, 1564]. It appears 
            officially in 15 Stat. 346 under date of February 27, 1869. 
            Ratification was probably completed on February 3, 1870, 
            when the legislature of the twenty-eighth State (Iowa) 
            approved the amendment, there being then 37 States in the 
            Union. However, New York had prior to that date 
            ``withdrawn'' its earlier assent to this amendment. Even if 
            this withdrawal were effective, Nebraska's ratification on 
            February 17, 1870, authorized Secretary of State Fish's 
            certification of March 30, 1870, that the 15th amendment had 
            become a part of the Constitution [16 Stat. 1131].
                The fifteenth amendmentas ratified by the several State 
            legislatures on the following dates: Nevada, March 1, 1869; 
            West Virginia, March 3, 1869; North Carolina, March 5, 1869; 
            Louisiana, March 5, 1869 (date on which it was ``approved'' 
            by the Governor); Illinois, March 5, 1869; Michigan, March 
            5, 1869; Wisconsin, March 5, 1869; Maine, March 11, 1869; 
            Massachusetts, March 12, 1869; South Carolina, March 15, 
            1869; Arkansas, March 15, 1869; Pennsylvania, March 25, 
            1869; New York, April 14, 1869 (New York ``withdrew'' its 
            consent to the ratification on January 5, 1870, which action 
            it rescinded on March 30, 1970); Indiana, May 14, 1869; 
            Connecticut, May 19, 1869; Florida, June 14, 1869; New 
            Hampshire, July 1, 1869; Virginia, October 8, 1869; Vermont, 
            October 20, 1869; Alabama, November 16, 1869; Missouri, 
            January 7, 1870 (Missouri had ratified the first section of 
            the 15th Amendment on March 1, 1869; it failed to include in 
            its ratification the second section of the amendment); 
            Minnesota, January 13, 1870; Mississippi, January 17, 1870; 
            Rhode Island, January 18, 1870; Kansas, January 19, 1870 
            (Kansas had by a defectively worded resolution previously 
            ratified this amendment on February 27, 1869); Ohio, January 
            27, 1870 (after having rejected the amendment on May 4, 
            1869); Georgia, February 2, 1870; Iowa, February 3, 1870; 
            Nebraska, February 17, 1870; Texas, February 18, 1870; New 
            Jersey, February 15, 1871 (after having rejected the 
            amendment on February 7, 1870); Delaware, February 12, 1901 
            (date on which approved by Governor; Delaware had previously 
            rejected the amendment on March 18, 1869); Oregon, February 
            24, 1959 (after having rejected the amendment on October 26, 
            1870); California, April 3, 1962 (after having rejected the 
            amendment on January 28, 1870); Maryland, May 7, 1973 (date 
            on which approved by Governor; Maryland had previously 
            rejected the amendment on February 26, 1870); Kentucky, 
            March 18, 1976 (after having rejected the amendment on March 
            12, 1869). The amendment was rejected by Tennessee on 
            November 16, 1869.
    1735.2      Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this 
            article by appropriate legislation.

      1736                        AMENDMENT XVI \7\

                The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes 
            on incomes, from whatever source derived, without appor

[[Page 577]]

            tionment among the several States, and without regard to any 
            census or enumeration.
                \7\The sixteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            July 12, 1909, when it passed the House [44 Cong. Rec. (61st 
            Cong., 1st sess.) 4390, 4440, 4441], having previously 
            passed the Senate on July 5 [Id., 4121]. It appears 
            officially in 36 Stat. 184. Ratification was completed on 
            February 3, 1913, when the legislature of the thirty-sixth 
            State (Delaware, Wyoming, or New Mexico) approved the 
            amendment, there being then 48 States in the Union. On 
            February 25, 1913, Secretary of State Knox certified that 
            this amendment had become a part of the Constitution [37 
            Stat. 1785].
                The sixteenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Alabama, August 
            10, 1909; Kentucky, February 8, 1910; South Carolina, 
            February 19, 1910; Illinois, March 1, 1910; Mississippi, 
            March 7, 1910; Oklahoma, March 10, 1910; Maryland, April 8, 
            1910; Georgia, August 3, 1910; Texas, August 16, 1910; Ohio, 
            January 19, 1911; Idaho, January 20, 1911; Oregon, January 
            23, 1911; Washington, January 26, 1911; Montana, January 27, 
            1911; Indiana, January 30, 1911; California, January 31, 
            1911; Nevada, January 31, 1911; South Dakota, February 1, 
            1911; Nebraska, February 9, 1911; North Carolina, February 
            11, 1911; Colorado, February 15, 1911; North Dakota, 
            February 17, 1911; Michigan, February 23, 1911; Iowa, 
            February 24, 1911; Kansas, March 2, 1911; Missouri, March 
            16, 1911; Maine, March 31, 1911; Tennessee, April 7, 1911; 
            Arkansas, April 22, 1911 (after having rejected the 
            amendment at the session begun January 9, 1911); Wisconsin, 
            May 16, 1911; New York, July 12, 1911; Arizona, April 3, 
            1912; Minnesota, June 11, 1912; Louisiana, June 28, 1912; 
            West Virginia, January 31, 1913; Delaware, February 3, 1913; 
            Wyoming, February 3, 1913; New Mexico, February 3, 1913; New 
            Jersey, February 4, 1913; Vermont, February 19, 1913; 
            Massachusetts, March 4, 1913; New Hampshire, March 7, 1913 
            (after having rejected the amendment on March 2, 1911). The 
            amendment was rejected (and not subsequently ratified) by 
            Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Utah.

      1737                       AMENDMENT XVII \8\

                \8\The seventeenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            May 13, 1912, when it passed the House [48 Cong. Rec. (62d 
            Cong., 2d sess.) 6367], having previously passed the Senate 
            on June 12, 1911 [47 Cong. Rec. (62d Cong., 1st sess.) 
            1925]. It appears officially in 37 Stat. 646. Ratification 
            was completed on April 8, 1913, when the thirty-sixth State 
            (Connecticut) approved the amendment, there being then 48 
            States in the Union. On May 31, 1913, Secretary of State 
            Bryan certified that it had become a part of the 
            Constitution [38 Stat. 2049].
                The seventeenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Massachusetts, 
            May 22, 1912; Arizona, June 3, 1912; Minnesota, June 10, 
            1912; New York, January 15, 1913; Kansas, January 17, 1913; 
            Oregon, January 23, 1913; North Carolina, January 25, 1913; 
            California, January 28, 1913; Michigan, January 28, 1913; 
            Iowa, January 30, 1913; Montana, January 30, 1913; Idaho, 
            January 31, 1913; West Virginia, February 4, 1913; Colorado, 
            February 5, 1913; Nevada, February 6, 1913; Texas, February 
            7, 1913; Washington, February 7, 1913; Wyoming, February 8, 
            1913; Arkansas, February 11, 1913; Illinois, February 13, 
            1913; North Dakota, February 14, 1913; Wisconsin, February 
            18, 1913; Indiana, February 19, 1913; New Hampshire, 
            February 19, 1913; Vermont, February 19, 1913; South Dakota, 
            February 19, 1913; Maine, February 20, 1913; Oklahoma, 
            February 24, 1913; Ohio, February 25, 1913; Missouri, March 
            7, 1913; New Mexico, March 13, 1913; Nebraska, March 14, 
            1913; New Jersey, March 17, 1913; Tennessee, April 1, 1913; 
            Pennsylvania, April 2, 1913; Connecticut, April 8, 1913; 
            Louisiana, June 5, 1914. The amendment was rejected by Utah 
            on February 26, 1913.
                The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two 
            Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for 
            six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The 
            electors in each State shall have the qualifications 
            requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the 
            State legislatures.
                When vacancies happen in the representation of any State 
            in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall 
            issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Pro

[[Page 578]]

            vided, That the legislature of any State may empower the 
            executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the 
            people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may 
            direct.
                This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect 
            the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes 
            valid as part of the Constitution.

      1738                         AMENDMENT XVIII

                                 AMENDMENT XVIII \9\

    1738.1      [Section 1. After one year from the ratification of this 
            article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of 
            intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, 
            or the exportation thereof from the United States and all 
            territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage 
            purposes is hereby prohibited.
                Amendment XVIII was repealed in its entirety by 
            amendment XXI.
                \9\The eighteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            December 18, 1917, when it passed the Senate [Cong. Rec. 
            (65th Cong., 2d sess.) 478], having previously passed the 
            House on December 17 [Id., 470]. It appears officially in 40 
            Stat. 1050. Ratification was completed on January 16, 1919, 
            when the thirty-sixth State approved the amendment, there 
            being then 48 States in the Union. On January 29, 1919, 
            Acting Secretary of State Polk certified that this amendment 
            had been adopted by the requisite number of States [40 Stat. 
            1941]. By its terms this amendment did not become effective 
            until 1 year after ratification.
                The eighteenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Mississippi, 
            January 8, 1918; Virginia, January 11, 1918; Kentucky, 
            January 14, 1918; North Dakota, January 28, 1918 (date on 
            which approved by Governor); South Carolina, January 29, 
            1918; Maryland, February 13, 1918; Montana, February 19, 
            1918; Texas, March 4, 1918; Delaware, March 18, 1918; South 
            Dakota, March 20, 1918; Massachusetts, April 2, 1918; 
            Arizona, May 24, 1918; Georgia, June 26, 1918; Louisiana, 
            August 9, 1918 (date on which approved by Governor); 
            Florida, November 27, 1918; Michigan, January 2, 1919; Ohio, 
            January 7, 1919; Oklahoma, January 7, 1919; Idaho, January 
            8, 1919; Maine, January 8, 1919; West Virginia, January 9, 
            1919; California, January 13, 1919; Tennessee, January 13, 
            1919; Washington, January 13, 1919; Arkansas, January 14, 
            1919; Kansas, January 14, 1919; Illinois, January 14, 1919; 
            Indiana, January 14, 1919; Alabama, January 15, 1919; 
            Colorado, January 15, 1919; Iowa, January 15, 1919; New 
            Hampshire, January 15, 1919; Oregon, January 15, 1919; 
            Nebraska, January 16, 1919; North Carolina, January 16, 
            1919; Utah, January 16, 1919; Missouri, January 16, 1919; 
            Wyoming, January 16, 1919; Minnesota, January 17, 1919; 
            Wisconsin, January 17, 1919; New Mexico, January 20, 1919; 
            Nevada, January 21, 1919; New York, January 29, 1919; 
            Vermont, January 29, 1919; Pennsylvania, February 25, 1919; 
            Connecticut, May 6, 1919; New Jersey, March 9, 1922. The 
            amendment was rejected (and not subsequently ratified) by 
            Rhode Island.
    1738.2      [Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall 
            have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate 
            legislation.
    1738.3      [Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it 
            shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution 
            by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in 
            the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the 
            submission hereof to the States by the Congress.]


[[Page 579]]


      1739                       AMENDMENT XIX \10\

                \10\The nineteenth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            June 4, 1919, when it passed the Senate [Cong. Rec. (66th 
            Cong., 1st sess.) 635], having previously passed the House 
            on May 21 [Id., 94]. It appears officially in 41 Stat. 362. 
            Ratification was completed on August 18, 1920, when the 
            thirty-sixth State (Tennessee) approved the amendment, there 
            being then 48 States in the Union. On August 26, 1920, 
            Secretary of State Colby certified that it had become a part 
            of the Constitution [41 Stat. 1823].
                The nineteenth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Illinois, June 
            10, 1919 (readopted June 17, 1919); Michigan, June 10, 1919; 
            Wisconsin, June 10, 1919; Kansas, June 16, 1919; New York, 
            June 16, 1919; Ohio, June 16, 1919; Pennsylvania, June 24, 
            1919; Massachusetts, June 25, 1919; Texas, June 28, 1919; 
            Iowa, July 2, 1919 (date on which approved by Governor); 
            Missouri, July 3, 1919; Arkansas, July 28, 1919; Montana, 
            August 2, 1919 (date on which approved by Governor); 
            Nebraska, August 2, 1919; Minnesota, September 8, 1919; New 
            Hampshire, September 10, 1919 (date on which approved by 
            Governor); Utah, October 2, 1919; California, November 1, 
            1919; Maine, November 5, 1919; North Dakota, December 1, 
            1919; South Dakota, December 4, 1919 (date on which 
            certified); Colorado, December 15, 1919 (date on which 
            approved by Governor); Kentucky, January 6, 1920; Rhode 
            Island, January 6, 1920; Oregon, January 13, 1920; Indiana, 
            January 16, 1920; Wyoming, January 27, 1920; Nevada, 
            February 7, 1920; New Jersey, February 9, 1920; Idaho, 
            February 11, 1920; Arizona, February 12, 1920; New Mexico, 
            February 21, 1920 (date on which approved by Governor); 
            Oklahoma, February 28, 1920; West Virginia, March 10, 1920; 
            Washington, March 22, 1920; Tennessee, August 18, 1920; 
            Connecticut, September 14, 1920 (confirmed September 21, 
            1920); Vermont, February 8, 1921; Delaware, March 6, 1923 
            (after having rejected it on June 2, 1920); Maryland, March 
            29, 1941 (after having rejected it on February 24, 1920, 
            ratification certified on February 25, 1958); Virginia, 
            February 21, 1952 (after having rejected it on February 12, 
            1920); Alabama, September 8, 1953 (after having rejected it 
            on September 22, 1919); Florida, May 13, 1969; South 
            Carolina, July 1, 1969 (after having rejected it on January 
            29, 1920); Georgia, February 20, 1970 (after having rejected 
            it on July 24, 1919); Louisiana, June 11, 1970 (after having 
            rejected it on July 1, 1920); North Carolina, May 6, 1971; 
            Mississippi, March 22, 1984 (after having rejected it on 
            March 29, 1920).
                The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall 
            not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any 
            State on account of sex.
                Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
            appropriate legislation.

      1740                        AMENDMENT XX \11\

                                    AMENDMENT XX

    1740.1      Section 1. The terms of the President and Vice-President 
            shall end at noon on the 20th day of January,

[[Page 580]]

             and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on 
            the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms 
            would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and 
            the terms of their successors shall then begin.
                \11\The twentieth amendment was proposed by Congress on 
            March 2, 1932, when it passed the Senate [Cong. Rec. (72d 
            Cong., 1st sess.) 5086], having previously passed the House 
            on March 1 [Id., 5027]. It appears officially in 47 Stat. 
            745. Ratification was completed on January 23, 1933, when 
            the thirty-sixth State approved the amendment, there being 
            then 48 States in the Union. On February 6, 1933, Secretary 
            of State Stimson certified that it had become a part of the 
            Constitution [47 Stat. 2569].
                The twentieth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Virginia, March 
            4, 1932; New York, March 11, 1932; Mississippi, March 16, 
            1932; Arkansas, March 17, 1932; Kentucky, March 17, 1932; 
            New Jersey, March 21, 1932; South Carolina, March 25, 1932; 
            Michigan, March 31, 1932; Maine, April 1, 1932; Rhode 
            Island, April 14, 1932; Illinois, April 21, 1932; Louisiana, 
            June 22, 1932; West Virginia, July 30, 1932; Pennsylvania, 
            August 11, 1932; Indiana, August 15, 1932; Texas, September 
            7, 1932; Alabama, September 13, 1932; California, January 4, 
            1933; North Carolina, January 5, 1933; North Dakota, January 
            9, 1933; Minnesota, January 12, 1933; Arizona, January 13, 
            1933; Montana, January 13, 1933; Nebraska, January 13, 1933; 
            Oklahoma, January 13, 1933; Kansas, January 16, 1933; 
            Oregon, January 16, 1933; Delaware, January 19, 1933; 
            Washington, January 19, 1933; Wyoming, January 19, 1933; 
            Iowa, January 20, 1933; South Dakota, January 20, 1933; 
            Tennessee, January 20, 1933; Idaho, January 21, 1933; New 
            Mexico, January 21, 1933; Georgia, January 23, 1933; 
            Missouri, January 23, 1933; Ohio, January 23, 1933; Utah, 
            January 23, 1933; Colorado, January 24, 1933; Massachusetts, 
            January 24, 1933; Wisconsin, January 24, 1933; Nevada, 
            January 26, 1933; Connecticut, January 27, 1933; New 
            Hampshire, January 31, 1933; Vermont, February 2, 1933; 
            Maryland, March 24, 1933; Florida, April 26, 1933.
                A proposed amendment which would authorize Congress to 
            limit, regulate, and prohibit the labor of persons under 18 
            years of age was passed by Congress on June 2, 1924. This 
            proposal at the time it was submitted to the States was 
            referred to as ``the proposed 20th Amendment.'' It appears 
            officially in 43 Stat. 670. The status of this proposed 
            amendment is a matter of conflicting opinion. The Kentucky 
            Court of Appeals in Wise v. Chandler (270 Ky. 1 [1937]) has 
            held that it is no longer open to ratification because: (1) 
            Rejected by more than one-fourth of the States; (2) a State 
            may not reject and then subsequently ratify, at least when 
            more than one-fourth of the States are on record as 
            rejecting; and (3) more than a reasonable time has elapsed 
            since it was submitted to the States in 1924 (for subsequent 
            litigation in the Chandler case see 303 U.S. 634 and 307 
            U.S. 474). The Kansas Supreme Court in Coleman v. Miller 
            (146 Kan. 390 [1937]) came to the opposite conclusion.
                On October 1, 1937, 27 States had ratified the proposed 
            amendment. Of these States 10 had previously rejected the 
            amendment on one or more occasions. At least 26 different 
            States have at one time rejected the amendment.
    1740.2      Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in 
            every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d 
            day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different 
            day.
    1740.3      Section 3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning of 
            the term of the President, the President elect shall have 
            died, the Vice-President elect shall become President. If a 
            President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed 
            for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect 
            shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice-President elect 
            shall act as President until a President shall have 
            qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case 
            wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice-President elect 
            shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as 
            President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be 
            selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a 
            President or Vice-President shall have qualified.
    1740.4      Section 4. The Congress may by law provide for the case 
            of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of 
            Representatives may choose a President when

[[Page 581]]

            ever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and 
            for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom 
            the Senate may choose a Vice-President whenever the right of 
            choice shall have devolved upon them.
    1740.5      Section 5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 
            15th day of October following the ratification of this 
            article.
    1740.6      Section 6. This article shall be inoperative unless it 
            shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution 
            by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States 
            within seven years from the date of its submission.

      1741                       AMENDMENT XXI \12\

                \12\The twenty-first amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on February 20, 1933, when it passed the House [76 Cong. 
            Rec. (72d Cong., 2d sess.) 4516], having previously passed 
            the Senate on February 16 [Id., 4231]. It appears officially 
            in 47 Stat. 1625. Ratification was completed on December 5, 
            1933, when the thirty-sixth State (Utah) approved the 
            amendment, there being then 48 States in the Union. On 
            December 5, 1933, Acting Secretary of State Phillips 
            certified that it had been adopted by the requisite number 
            of States [48 Stat. 1749].
                The twenty-first amendment was ratified by the several 
            State conventions on the following dates: Michigan, April 
            10, 1933; Wisconsin, April 25, 1933; Rhode Island, May 8, 
            1933; Wyoming, May 25, 1933; New Jersey, June 1, 1933; 
            Delaware, June 24, 1933; Indiana, June 26, 1933; 
            Massachusetts, June 26, 1933; New York, June 27, 1933; 
            Illinois, July 10, 1933; Iowa, July 10, 1933; Connecticut, 
            July 11, 1933; New Hampshire, July 11, 1933; California, 
            July 24, 1933; West Virginia, July 25, 1933; Arkansas, 
            August 1, 1933; Oregon, August 7, 1933; Alabama, August 8, 
            1933; Tennessee, August 11, 1933; Missouri, August 29, 1933; 
            Arizona, September 5, 1933; Nevada, September 5, 1933; 
            Vermont, September 23, 1933; Colorado, September 26, 1933; 
            Washington, October 3, 1933; Minnesota, October 10, 1933; 
            Idaho, October 17, 1933; Maryland, October 18, 1933; 
            Virginia, October 25, 1933; New Mexico, November 2, 1933; 
            Florida, November 14, 1933; Texas, November 24, 1933; 
            Kentucky, November 27, 1933; Ohio, December 5, 1933; 
            Pennsylvania, December 5, 1933; Utah, December 5, 1933; 
            Maine, December 6, 1933; Montana, August 6, 1934. The 
            amendment was rejected by a convention in the State of South 
            Carolina, on December 4, 1933. The electorate of the State 
            of North Carolina voted against holding a convention at a 
            general election held on November 7, 1933.
    1741.1      Section 1. The eighteenth article of amendment to the 
            Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
    1741.2      Section 2. The transportation or importation into any 
            State, Territory, or possession of the United States for 
            delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in 
            violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
    1741.3      Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it 
            shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution 
            by conventions in the several States, as provided in the 
            Constitution, within seven years from the date of the 
            submission hereof to the States by the Congress.


[[Page 582]]


      1742                         AMENDMENT XXII

                                 AMENDMENT XXII \13\

    1742.1      Section 1. No person shall be elected to the office of 
            the President more than twice, and no person who has held 
            the office of President, or acted as President, for more 
            than two years of a term to which some other person was 
            elected President shall be elected to the office of the 
            President more than once. But this Article shall not apply 
            to any person holding the office of President when this 
            Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent 
            any person who may be holding the office of President, or 
            acting as President, during the term within which this 
            Article becomes operative, from holding the office of 
            President or acting as President during the remainder of 
            such term.
                \13\The twenty-second amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on March 24, 1947, when the House agreed to Senate amendment 
            [93 Cong. Rec. (80th Cong., 1st sess.) 2389], having 
            previously been passed in the House of Representatives on 
            February 6, 1947 [93 Cong. Rec. (80th Cong., 1st sess.) 
            872], and in the Senate on March 12, 1947, with an amendment 
            [93 Cong. Rec. (80th Cong., 1st sess.) 1978]. Ratification 
            was completed on February 27, 1951, when the legislature of 
            the thirty-sixth State (Minnesota) approved the amendment, 
            there being then forty-eight States in the Union. On March 
            1, 1951, the Administrator of General Services, Jess Larson, 
            certified that this amendment had become a part of the 
            Constitution.
                The twenty-second amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Maine, March 31, 
            1947; Michigan, March 31, 1947; Iowa, April 1, 1947; Kansas, 
            April 1, 1947; New Hampshire, April 1, 1947; Delaware, April 
            2, 1947; Illinois, April 3, 1947; Oregon, April 3, 1947; 
            Colorado, April 12, 1947; California, April 15, 1947; New 
            Jersey, April 15, 1947; Vermont, April 15, 1947; Ohio, April 
            16, 1947; Wisconsin, April 16, 1947; Pennsylvania, April 29, 
            1947; Connecticut, May 21, 1947; Missouri, May 22, 1947; 
            Nebraska, May 23, 1947; Virginia, January 28, 1948; 
            Mississippi, February 12, 1948; New York, March 9, 1948; 
            South Dakota, January 21, 1949; North Dakota, February 25, 
            1949; Louisiana, May 17, 1950; Montana, January 25, 1951; 
            Indiana, January 29, 1951; Idaho, January 30, 1951; New 
            Mexico, February 12, 1951; Wyoming, February 12, 1951; 
            Arkansas, February 15, 1951; Georgia, February 17, 1951; 
            Tennessee, February 20, 1951; Texas, February 22, 1951; 
            Utah, February 26, 1951; Nevada, February 26, 1951; 
            Minnesota, February 27, 1951; North Carolina, February 28, 
            1951; South Carolina, March 13, 1951; Maryland, March 14, 
            1951; Florida, April 16, 1951; Alabama, May 4, 1951. The 
            amendment was rejected (and not subsequently ratified) by 
            Oklahoma in June 1947, and Massachusetts on June 9, 1949.
    1742.2      Section 2. This article shall be inoperative unless it 
            shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution 
            by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States 
            within seven years from the date of its submission to the 
            States by the Congress.

      1743                      AMENDMENT XXIII \14\

    1743.1      Section 1. The District constituting the seat of 
            Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner 
            as the Congress may direct:
                \14\The twenty-third amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on June 16, 1960, when the Senate agreed to S.J. Res. 39, 
            86th Cong., as passed by the House of Representatives on 
            June 14; which action consisted of substituting H.J. Res. 
            757 for the original text of S.J. Res. 39 [106 Cong. Rec. 
            (86th Cong., 2d sess.) 12571]. S.J. Res. 39 as approved by 
            the Senate on February 2, 1960 [106 Cong. Rec. (86th Cong., 
            2d sess.) 12850-58], for the first time since 1789, proposed 
            several unrelated articles of amendment, though several 
            amendments cover several points in sections of an article; 
            as finally proposed it dealt with a single matter. It 
            appears officially in 74 Stat. 1057 under date of June 16, 
            1960. Ratification was completed on March 29, 1961, when the 
            legislature of the thirty-eighth State (Ohio) approved the 
            amendment, there being then fifty States in the Union. The 
            identity of the thirty-eighth State was in doubt until New 
            Hampshire by ``official notice'' determined March 30 as the 
            date of its ratification. On April 3, 1961, the 
            Administrator of General Services, John L. Moore, certified 
            that this amendment had become a part of the Constitution 
            (26 F.R. 2808 and 75 Stat. 847).
                The twenty-third amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Hawaii, June 23, 
            1960 (technical correction, June 30, 1960); Massachusetts, 
            August 22, 1960; New Jersey, December 19, 1960; New York, 
            January 17, 1961; California, January 19, 1961; Oregon, 
            January 27, 1961; Maryland, January 30, 1961; Idaho, January 
            31, 1961; Maine, January 31, 1961; Minnesota, January 31, 
            1961; New Mexico, February 1, 1961; Nevada, February 2, 
            1961; Montana, February 6, 1961; Colorado, February 8, 1961; 
            Washington, February 9, 1961; West Virginia, February 9, 
            1961; Alaska, February 10, 1961; Wyoming, February 13, 1961; 
            South Dakota, February 14, 1961 (date of filing in Office of 
            Secretary of State of South Dakota); Delaware, February 20, 
            1961; Utah, February 21, 1961; Wisconsin, February 21, 1961; 
            Pennsylvania, February 28, 1961; Indiana, March 3, 1961; 
            North Dakota, March 3, 1961; Tennessee, March 6, 1961; 
            Michigan, March 8, 1961; Connecticut, March 9, 1961; 
            Arizona, March 10, 1961; Illinois, March 14, 1961; Nebraska, 
            March 15, 1961; Vermont, March 15, 1961; Iowa, March 16, 
            1961; Missouri, March 20, 1961; Oklahoma, March 21, 1961; 
            Rhode Island, March 22, 1961; Kansas, March 29, 1961; Ohio, 
            March 29, 1961; New Hampshire, March 30, 1961 (date in 
            official notice; preceded by ratification on March 29, 1961, 
            which was annulled and then repeated March 29). Arkansas 
            rejected the proposal on January 24, 1961.

[[Page 583]]

                A number of electors of President and Vice President 
            equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in 
            Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were 
            a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; 
            they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, 
            but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the 
            election of President and Vice President, to be electors 
            appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District 
            and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article 
            of amendment.
    1743.2      Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this 
            article by appropriate legislation.

      1744                         AMENDMENT XXIV

                                 AMENDMENT XXIV \15\

    1744.1      Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to 
            vote in any primary or other election for President

[[Page 584]]

            or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice 
            President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, 
            shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any 
            State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
                \15\The twenty-fourth amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on August 27, 1962, when it passed the House [108 Cong. Rec. 
            (87th Cong., 2d sess.) 1767], having previously passed the 
            Senate on March 27, 1962 [Id., 5105]. It appears officially 
            in 76 Stat. 1259 under date of August 29, 1962. Ratification 
            was completed on January 23, 1964, when the legislature of 
            the thirty-eighth State (South Dakota) approved the 
            amendment, there being then fifty States in the Union. On 
            February 4, 1964, the Administrator of General Services, 
            Bernard L. Boutin, certified that this amendment had become 
            a part of the Constitution (29 F.R. 1715).
                The twenty-fourth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Illinois, 
            November 14, 1962; New Jersey, December 3, 1962; Oregon, 
            January 25, 1963; Montana, January 28, 1963; West Virginia, 
            February 1, 1963; New York, February 4, 1963; Maryland, 
            February 6, 1963; California, February 7, 1963; Alaska, 
            February 11, 1963; Rhode Island, February 14, 1963; Indiana, 
            February 19, 1963; Utah, February 20, 1963; Michigan, 
            February 20, 1963; Colorado, February 21, 1963; Ohio, 
            February 27, 1963; Minnesota, February 27, 1963; New Mexico, 
            March 5, 1963; Hawaii, March 6, 1963; North Dakota, March 7, 
            1963; Idaho, March 8, 1963; Washington, March 14, 1963; 
            Vermont, March 15, 1963; Nevada, March 19, 1963; 
            Connecticut, March 20, 1963; Tennessee, March 21, 1963; 
            Pennsylvania, March 25, 1963; Wisconsin, March 26, 1963; 
            Kansas, March 28, 1963; Massachusetts, March 28, 1963; 
            Nebraska, April 4, 1963; Florida, April 18, 1963; Iowa, 
            April 24, 1963; Delaware, May 1, 1963; Missouri, May 13, 
            1963; New Hampshire, June 16, 1963; Kentucky, June 27, 1963; 
            Maine, January 16, 1964; South Dakota, January 23, 1964; 
            Virginia, February 25, 1977; North Carolina, May 3, 1989. 
            Mississippi rejected the proposal on December 20, 1962.
    1744.2      Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this 
            article by appropriate legislation.

      1745                          AMENDMENT XXV

                                  AMENDMENT XXV \16\

                \16\The twenty-fifth amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on July 6, 1965, when the Senate agreed to a conference 
            report, to which the House had previously agreed on June 30, 
            1965. It appears officially in 79 Stat. 1327. Ratification 
            was completed on February 10, 1967, when the legislature of 
            the thirty-eighth State (Nevada) approved the amendment, 
            there being then fifty States in the Union. On February 23, 
            1967, the Administrator of General Services, Lawson B. 
            Knott, Jr., certified that this amendment had become a part 
            of the Constitution (32 F.R. 3287).
                The twenty-fifth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Nebraska, July 
            12, 1965; Wisconsin, July 13, 1965; Oklahoma, July 16, 1965; 
            Massachusetts, August 9, 1965; Pennsylvania, August 18, 
            1965; Kentucky, September 15, 1965; Arizona, September 22, 
            1965; Michigan, October 5, 1965; Indiana, October 20, 1965; 
            California, October 21, 1965; Arkansas, November 4, 1965; 
            New Jersey, November 29, 1965; Delaware, December 7, 1965; 
            Utah, January 17, 1966; West Virginia, January 20, 1966; 
            Maine, January 24, 1966; Rhode Island, January 28, 1966; 
            Colorado, February 3, 1966; New Mexico, February 3, 1966; 
            Kansas, February 8, 1966; Vermont, February 10, 1966; 
            Alaska, February 18, 1966; Idaho, March 2, 1966; Hawaii, 
            March 3, 1966; Virginia, March 8, 1966; Mississippi, March 
            10, 1966; New York, March 14, 1966; Maryland, March 23, 
            1966; Missouri, March 30, 1966; New Hampshire, June 13, 
            1966; Louisiana, July 5, 1966; Tennessee, January 12, 1967; 
            Wyoming, January 25, 1967; Washington, January 26, 1967; 
            Iowa, January 26, 1967; Oregon, February 2, 1967; Minnesota, 
            February 10, 1967; Nevada, February 10, 1967; Connecticut, 
            February 14, 1967; Montana, February 15, 1967; South Dakota, 
            March 6, 1967; Ohio, March 7, 1967; Alabama, March 14, 1967; 
            North Carolina, March 22, 1967; Illinois, March 22, 1967; 
            Texas, April 25, 1967; Florida, May 25, 1967.
    1745.1      Section 1. In case of the removal of the President from 
            office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President 
            shall become President.

[[Page 585]]


    1745.2      Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of 
            the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice 
            President who shall take office upon confirmation by a 
            majority vote of both Houses of Congress.
    1745.3      Section 3. Whenever the President transmits to the 
            President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the 
            House of Representatives his written declaration that he is 
            unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and 
            until he transmits to them a written declaration to the 
            contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the 
            Vice President as Acting President.
    1745.4      Section 4. Whenever the Vice President and a majority of 
            either the principal officers of the executive departments 
            or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, 
            transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the 
            Speaker of the House of Representatives their written 
            declaration that the President is unable to discharge the 
            powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall 
            immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as 
            Acting President.
                Thereafter, when the President transmits to the 
            President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the 
            House of Representatives his written declaration that no 
            inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of 
            his office unless the Vice President and a majority of 
            either the principal officers of the executive department 
            \17\ or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, 
            transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of 
            the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives 
            their written declaration that the President is unable to 
            discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon 
            Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-
            eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the 
            Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter 
            written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, 
            within twenty-one days after Congress is required to 
            assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that 
            the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties 
            of his office, the Vice President shall continue to 
            discharge the same as Acting President;

[[Page 586]]

            otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties 
            of his office.
                \17\``Department'' is per the original text of the 
            amendment; it likely should be ``departments''.

      1746                         AMENDMENT XXVI

                                 AMENDMENT XXVI \18\

    1746.1      Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States, 
            who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be 
            denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on 
            account of age.
                \18\The twenty-sixth amendment was proposed by Congress 
            on March 23, 1971, when it passed the House [117 Cong. Rec. 
            (92d Cong., 1st sess.) 7570], having previously passed the 
            Senate on March 10, 1971 [Id., 5830]. It appears officially 
            in 85 Stat. 825. Ratification was completed on July 1, 1971, 
            when the legislature of the thirty-eighth State (North 
            Carolina) approved the amendment, there being then fifty 
            States in the Union. On July 5, 1971, the Administrator of 
            General Services, Robert L. Kunzig, certified that this 
            amendment had become a part of the Constitution (36 F.R. 
            12725).
                The twenty-sixth amendment was ratified by the several 
            State legislatures on the following dates: Connecticut, 
            March 23, 1971; Delaware, March 23, 1971; Minnesota, March 
            23, 1971; Tennessee, March 23, 1971; Washington, March 23, 
            1971; Hawaii, March 24, 1971; Massachusetts, March 24, 1971; 
            Montana, March 29, 1971; Arkansas, March 30, 1971; Idaho, 
            March 30, 1971; Iowa, March 30, 1971; Nebraska, April 2, 
            1971; New Jersey, April 3, 1971; Kansas, April 7, 1971; 
            Michigan, April 7, 1971; Alaska, April 8, 1971; Maryland, 
            April 8, 1971; Indiana, April 8, 1971; Maine, April 9, 1971; 
            Vermont, April 16, 1971; Louisiana, April 17, 1971; 
            California, April 19, 1971; Colorado, April 27, 1971; 
            Pennsylvania, April 27, 1971; Texas, April 27, 1971; South 
            Carolina, April 28, 1971; West Virginia, April 28, 1971; New 
            Hampshire, May 13, 1971; Arizona, May 14, 1971; Rhode 
            Island, May 27, 1971; New York, June 2, 1971; Oregon, June 
            4, 1971; Missouri, June 14, 1971; Wisconsin, June 22, 1971; 
            Illinois, June 29, 1971; Alabama, June 30, 1971; Ohio, June 
            30, 1971; North Carolina, July 1, 1971; Oklahoma, July 1, 
            1971; Virginia, July 8, 1971; Wyoming, July 8, 1971; 
            Georgia, October 4, 1971.
    1746.2      Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this 
            article by appropriate legislation.


[[Page 587]]


      1747                      AMENDMENT XXVII \19\

                No law, varying the compensation for the services of the 
            Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an 
            election of Representatives shall have intervened.
                \19\The twenty-seventh amendment was the second of 
            twelve articles proposed by the First Congress on Sept. 25, 
            1789. Ratification was completed on May 7, 1992, when the 
            legislatures of the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth States 
            (Michigan and New Jersey) approved the amendment, there 
            being then fifty States in the Union. On May 18, 1992, the 
            Archivist of the United States, Don W. Wilson, declared this 
            amendment to have become valid. (F.R. Doc. 92-11951, 57 F.R. 
            21187).
                The twenty-seventh amendment was ratified by the 
            following States: Maryland, December 19, 1789; North 
            Carolina, December 22, 1789; South Carolina, January 19, 
            1790; Delaware, January 28, 1790; Vermont, November 3, 1791; 
            Virginia, December 15, 1791; Ohio, May 6, 1873; Wyoming, 
            March 6, 1978; Maine, April 27, 1983; Colorado, April 22, 
            1984; South Dakota, February 21, 1985; New Hampshire, March 
            7, 1985; Arizona, April 3, 1985; Tennessee, May 23, 1985; 
            Oklahoma, July 10, 1985; New Mexico, February 14, 1986; 
            Indiana, February 24, 1986; Utah, February 25, 1986; 
            Arkansas, March 6, 1987; Montana, March 17, 1987; 
            Connecticut, May 13, 1987; Wisconsin, July 15, 1987; 
            Georgia, February 2, 1988; West Virginia, March 10, 1988; 
            Louisiana, July 7, 1988; Iowa, February 9, 1989; Idaho, 
            March 23, 1989; Nevada, April 26, 1989; Alaska, May 6, 1989; 
            Oregon, May 19, 1989; Minnesota, May 22, 1989; Texas, May 
            25, 1989; Kansas, April 5, 1990; Florida, May 31, 1990; 
            North Dakota, March 25, 1991; Alabama, May 5, 1992; 
            Missouri, May 5, 1992; Michigan, May 7, 1992; New Jersey, 
            May 7, 1992; Illinois, May 12, 1992; California, June 26, 
            1992; Rhode Island, June 10, 1993.



[[Page 589]]

            ===========================================================
 
                                  STATISTICAL DATA

            ===========================================================
                                           
                         


[[Page 591]]

            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                        PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE

             FROM THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE END OF THE FIRST SESSION OF 
                         THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS
            ------------------------------------------------------------

            [In earlier years the appointment or election of a President 
                pro tempore was held by the Senate to be for the 
                occasion only, so that more than one appears in several 
                sessions and in others none were chosen. Since Mar. 12, 
                1890, however, they have served until ``the Senate 
                otherwise ordered.'']

 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Name of President pro
              Congress                       tempore                  State                     Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
First..............................  John Langdon..........  New Hampshire            Apr. 6, 1789.
                                                                                      Aug. 7, 1789
Second.............................  Richard Henry Lee.....  Virginia                 Apr. 18, 1792.
    Do.............................  John Langdon..........  New Hampshire            Nov. 5, 1792.
                                                                                      Mar. 1, 1793.
Third..............................  Ralph Izard...........  South Carolina           May 31, 1794.
    Do.............................  Henry Tazewell........  Virginia                 Feb. 20, 1795.\1\
Fourth.............................  ......do..............  ......do                 Dec. 7, 1795.
    Do.............................  Samuel Livermore......  New Hampshire            May 6, 1796.
    Do.............................  William Bingham.......  Pennsylvania             Feb. 16, 1797.
Fifth..............................  William Bradford......  Rhode Island             July 6, 1797.
    Do.............................  Jacob Read............  South Carolina           Nov. 22, 1797.
    Do.............................  Theodore Sedgwick.....  Massachusetts            June 27, 1798.
    Do.............................  John Laurance.........  New York                 Dec. 6, 1798.
    Do.............................  James Ross............  Pennsylvania             Mar. 1, 1799.
Sixth..............................  Samuel Livermore......  New Hampshire            Dec. 2, 1799.
    Do.............................  Uriah Tracy...........  Connecticut              May 14, 1800.
    Do.............................  John E. Howard........  Maryland                 Nov. 21, 1800.
    Do.............................  James Hillhouse.......  Connecticut              Feb. 28, 1801.
Seventh............................  Abraham Baldwin.......  Georgia                  Dec. 7, 1801.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1802.
    Do.............................  Stephen R. Bradley....  Vermont                  Dec. 14, 1802.
                                                                                      Feb. 25, 1803.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1803.
Eighth.............................  John Brown............  Kentucky                 Oct. 17, 1803.
                                                                                      Jan. 23, 1804.
    Do.............................  Jesse Franklin........  North Carolina           Mar. 10, 1804.
    Do.............................  Joseph Anderson.......  Tennessee                Jan. 15, 1805.
                                                                                      Feb. 28, 1805.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1805.
Ninth..............................  Samuel Smith..........  Maryland                 Dec. 2, 1805.
                                                                                      Mar. 18, 1806.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1807.
Tenth..............................  ......do..............  ......do                 Apr. 16, 1808.
    Do.............................  Stephen R. Bradley....  Vermont                  Dec. 28, 1808.
    Do.............................  John Milledge.........  Georgia                  Jan. 30, 1809.
Eleventh...........................  Andrew Gregg..........  Pennsylvania             June 26, 1809.
    Do.............................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Feb. 28, 1810.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1810.
    Do.............................  John Pope.............  Kentucky                 Feb. 23, 1811.
Twelfth............................  William H. Crawford...  Georgia                  Mar. 24, 1812.
Thirteenth.........................  Joseph B. Varnum......  Massachusetts            Dec. 6, 1813.
    Do.............................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Apr. 18, 1814.
                                                                                      Nov. 25, 1814, upon the
                                                                                       death of Vice President
                                                                                       Elbridge Gerry.\2\

See footnotes at end of table.



[[Page 592]]

 
Fourteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 6, 1817.
Fifteenth..........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 31, 1818.\3\
    Do.............................  James Barbour.........  Virginia                 Feb. 15, 1819.
Sixteenth..........................  John Gaillard.........  South Carolina           Jan. 25, 1820.
Seventeenth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Feb. 1, 1822.
                                                                                      Feb. 19, 1823.
Eighteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 May 21, 1824.
Nineteenth.........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 9, 1825.\4\
    Do.............................  Nathaniel Macon.......  North Carolina           May 20, 1826.
                                                                                      Jan. 2, 1827.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1827.
Twentieth..........................  Samuel Smith..........  Maryland                 May 15, 1828.\5\
Twenty-first.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 13, 1829.\4\
                                                                                      May 29, 1830.
                                                                                      Mar. 1, 1831.\6\
Twenty-second......................  Littleton W. Tazewell.  Virginia                 July 9, 1832.
    Do.............................  Hugh L. White.........  Tennessee                Dec. 3, 1832.
Twenty-third.......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
    Do.............................  George Poindexter.....  Mississippi              June 28, 1834.
    Do.............................  John Tyler............  Virginia                 Mar. 3, 1835.
Twenty-fourth......................  William R. King.......  Alabama                  July 1, 1836.
                                                                                      Jan. 28, 1837.
Twenty-fifth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1837.\4\
                                                                                      Oct. 13, 1837.
                                                                                      July 2, 1838.
                                                                                      Feb. 25, 1839.
Twenty-sixth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
                                                                                      July 3, 1840.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1841.
Twenty-seventh.....................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1841.\4\
    Do.............................  Samuel L. Southard....  New Jersey               Mar. 11, 1841.\8\
    Do.............................  Willie P. Mangum......  North Carolina           May 31, 1842.
Twenty-eighth......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Twenty-ninth.......................  Ambrose H. Sevier.....  Arkansas                 Dec. 27, 1845.\9\
    Do.............................  David R. Atchison.....  Missouri                 Aug. 8, 1846.
                                                                                      Jan. 11, 1847.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1847.
Thirtieth..........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Feb. 2, 1848.
                                                                                      June 1, 1848.
                                                                                      June 26, 1848.
                                                                                      July 29, 1848.
                                                                                      Dec. 26, 1848.
                                                                                      Mar. 2, 1849.
Thirty-first.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 5, 1849.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 16, 1849.
    Do.............................  William R. King.......  Alabama                  May 6, 1850.
                                                                                      July 11, 1850.
Thirty-second......................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\10\)
    Do.............................  David R. Atchison.....  Missouri                 Dec. 20, 1852.
Thirty-third.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1853.\4\
    Do.............................  Lewis Cass............  Michigan                 Dec. 4, 1854.
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  Dec. 5, 1854.
Thirty-fourth......................  Charles E. Stuart.....  Michigan                 June 9, 1856.\11\
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  June 11, 1856.
    Do.............................  James M. Mason........  Virginia                 Jan. 6, 1857.\12\
Thirty-fifth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1857.\4\
    Do.............................  Thomas J. Rusk........  Texas                    Mar. 14, 1857.\4\
    Do.............................  Benjamin Fitzpatrick..  Alabama                  Dec. 7, 1857.
                                                                                      Mar. 29, 1858.
                                                                                      June 14, 1858.
                                                                                      Jan. 25, 1859.
Thirty-sixth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 9, 1859.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 19, 1859.
                                                                                      Feb. 20, 1860.\4\
                                                                                      June 26, 1860.
    Do.............................  Jesse D. Bright.......  Indiana                  June 12, 1860.
    Do.............................  Benjamin Fitzpatrick..  Alabama                  June 26, 1860.
    Do.............................  Solomon Foot..........  Vermont                  Feb. 16, 1861.

[[Page 593]]

 
Thirty-seventh.....................  Solomon Foot..........  ......do                 Mar. 23, 1861.\4\
                                                                                      July 18, 1861.
                                                                                      Jan. 15, 1862.
                                                                                      Mar. 31, 1862.
                                                                                      June 19, 1862.
                                                                                      Feb. 18, 1863.
Thirty-eighth......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 4, 1863.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 18, 1863.
                                                                                      Feb. 23, 1864.
                                                                                      Mar. 11, 1864.
                                                                                      Apr. 11, 1864.
    Do.............................  Daniel Clark..........  New Hampshire            Apr. 26, 1864.
                                                                                      Feb. 9, 1865.
Thirty-ninth.......................  Layfayette S. Foster..  Connecticut              Mar. 7, 1865.\13\
    Do.............................  Benjamin F. Wade......  Ohio                     Mar. 2, 1867.
Fortieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Forty-first........................  Henry B. Anthony......  Rhode Island             Mar. 23, 1869.
                                                                                      Apr. 9, 1869.
                                                                                      May 28, 1870.
                                                                                      July 1, 1870.
                                                                                      July 14, 1870.
Forty-second.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 10, 1871.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1871.
                                                                                      May 23, 1871.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 21, 1871.
                                                                                      Feb. 23, 1872.
                                                                                      June 8, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 4, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 13, 1872.
                                                                                      Dec. 20, 1872.
                                                                                      Jan. 24, 1873.
Forty-third........................  Matthew H. Carpenter..  Wisconsin                Mar. 12, 1873.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 26, 1873.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 11, 1873.
                                                                                      Dec. 23, 1874.
    Do.............................  Henry B. Anthony......  Rhode Island             Jan. 25, 1875.
                                                                                      Feb. 15, 1875.
Forty-fourth.......................  Thomas W. Ferry.......  Michigan                 Mar. 9, 1875.\4\
                                                                                      Mar. 19, 1875.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 20, 1875.
Forty-fifth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 5, 1877.\4\
                                                                                      Feb. 26, 1878.
                                                                                      Apr. 17, 1878.
                                                                                      Mar. 3, 1879.
Forty-sixth........................  Allen G. Thurman......  Ohio                     Apr. 15, 1879.
                                                                                      Apr. 7, 1880.
                                                                                      May 6, 1880.
Forty-seventh......................  Thomas F. Bayard......  Delaware                 Oct. 10, 1881.\4\
    Do.............................  David Davis...........  Illinois                 Oct. 13, 1881.\14\
    Do.............................  George F. Edmunds.....  Vermont                  Mar. 3, 1883.
Forty-eighth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Jan. 14, 1884.
Forty-ninth........................  John Sherman..........  Ohio                     Dec. 7, 1885.\15\
    Do.............................  John J. Ingalls.......  Kansas                   Feb. 26, 1887.
Fiftieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\7\)
Fifty-first........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1889.\4\
                                                                                      Apr. 2, 1889.\4\
                                                                                      Dec. 5, 1889.
                                                                                      Feb. 28, 1890.
                                                                                      Apr. 3, 1890.\16\
    Do.............................  Charles F. Manderson..  Nebraska                 Mar. 2, 1891.
Fifty-second.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-third........................  ......do..............  ......do                       (\17\)
    Do.............................  Isham G. Harris.......  Tennessee                Mar. 22, 1893.\4\
    Do.............................  Matt W. Ransom........  North Carolina           Jan. 7, 1895.\18\
    Do.............................  Isham G. Harris.......  Tennessee                Jan. 10, 1895.
Fifty-fourth.......................  William P. Frye.......  Maine                    Feb. 7, 1896.
Fifty-fifth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-sixth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-seventh......................  ......do..............  ......do                 Mar. 7, 1901.\4\
Fifty-eighth.......................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Fifty-ninth........................  ......do..............  ......do                 ..........................
Sixtieth...........................  ......do..............  ......do                 Dec. 5, 1907.

                See footnotes at end of table.

[[Page 594]]



 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Name of President pro
               Congress                        tempore                   State                   Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sixty-first..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-second.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\19\)
    Do...............................  Augustus O. Bacon......  Georgia................  August 14, 1911.\20\
    Do...............................  Charles Curtis.........  Kansas.................  Dec. 4, 1911.\21\
    Do...............................  Augustus O. Bacon......  Georgia................  Jan. 15, 1912.\22\
    Do...............................  Jacob H. Gallinger.....  New Hampshire..........  Feb. 12, 1912.\23\
    Do...............................  Henry Cabot Lodge......  Massachusetts..........  Mar. 25, 1912.\24\
    Do...............................  ......do...............  ......do...............  May 25, 1912.
Sixty-third..........................  James P. Clarke........  Arkansas...............  Mar. 13, 1913.\4\
Sixty-fourth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Dec. 6, 1915.\25\
    Do...............................  Willard Saulsbury......  Delaware...............  Dec. 14, 1916.
Sixty-fifth..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-sixth..........................  Albert B. Cummins......  Iowa...................  May 19, 1919.
Sixty-seventh........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Mar. 7, 1921.\4\
Sixty-eighth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Sixty-ninth..........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
    Do...............................  George H. Moses........  New Hampshire..........  Mar. 6, 1925.\4\
Seventieth...........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Dec. 15, 1927.
Seventy-first........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-second.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-third........................  Key Pittman............  Nevada.................  Mar. 9, 1933.
Seventy-fourth.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 7, 1935.
Seventy-fifth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Seventy-sixth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\26\)
    Do...............................  William H. King........  Utah...................  Nov. 19, 1940.
Seventy-seventh......................  Pat Harrison...........  Mississippi............  Jan. 6, 1941.\27\
    Do...............................  Carter Glass...........  Virginia...............  July 10, 1941.
Seventy-eighth.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 14, 1943.
Seventy-ninth........................  Kenneth McKellar.......  Tennessee..............  Jan. 6, 1945.
Eightieth............................  Arthur H. Vandenberg...  Michigan...............  Jan. 4, 1947.
Eighty-first.........................  Kenneth McKellar.......  Tennessee..............  Jan. 3, 1949.
Eighty-second........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-third.........................  Styles Bridges.........  New Hampshire..........  Jan. 3, 1953.
Eighty-fourth........................  Walter F. George.......  Georgia................  Jan. 5, 1955.
Eighty-fifth.........................  Carl Hayden............  Arizona................  Jan. 3, 1957.
Eighty-sixth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-seventh.......................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Eighty-eighth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 9, 1963.
Eighty-ninth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninetieth............................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-first.........................  Richard B. Russell.....  Georgia................  Jan. 3, 1969.\28\
Ninety-second........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
    Do...............................  Allen J. Ellender......  Louisiana..............  Jan. 22, 1971.\29\
    Do...............................  James O. Eastland......  Mississippi............  July 28, 1972.
Ninety-third.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-fourth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-fifth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-sixth.........................  Warren G. Magnuson.....  Washington.............  Jan. 15, 1979.
    Do...............................  Milton R. Young........  North Dakota...........  Dec. 4, 1980.\30\
Ninety-seventh.......................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 5, 1981.
Ninety-eighth........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
Ninety-ninth.........................  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 3, 1985.
One-hundredth........................  John C. Stennis........  Mississippi............  Jan. 6, 1987.
One-hundred-first....................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 3, 1989.
One-hundred-second...................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-third....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-fourth...................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 4, 1995.
One-hundred-fifth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-sixth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-seventh..................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 3, 2001.\31\
    Do...............................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  Jan. 3, 2001.\32\
    Do...............................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  June 6, 2001.
One-hundred-eighth...................  Ted Stevens............  Alaska.................  Jan. 7, 2003.
One-hundred-ninth....................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
One-hundred-tenth....................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 4, 2007.
One-hundred-eleventh.................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\33\)
    Do...............................  Daniel K. Inouye.......  Hawaii.................  June 28, 2010.
One-hundred-twelfth..................  ......do...............  ......do...............        (\34\)
    Do...............................  Patrick J. Leahy.......  Vermont................  Dec. 17, 2012.
One-hundred-thirteenth...............  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................

[[Page 595]]

 
One-hundred- fourteenth..............  Orrin Hatch............  Utah...................  Jan. 6, 2015.
One-hundred- fifteenth...............  ......do...............  ......do...............  Jan. 3, 2017.
One-hundred- sixteenth...............  Charles E. Grassley....  Iowa...................  Jan. 3, 2019.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Samuel Livermore was elected Feb. 20, 1795, but declined.
\2\Vice President Gerry died in preceding Congress.
\3\Continuing from preceding session.
\4\Special session of the Senate.
\5\Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina, was first elected on the same day, but declined to serve.
\6\Littleton W. Tazewell, of Virginia, was first elected, but declined to serve.
\7\Continuing from preceding session.
\8\Special session of the Senate. Resigned as President pro tempore May 31, 1842.
\9\Served as President pro tempore 1 day, under designation by the Vice President.
\10\Resigned as President pro tempore Dec. 20, 1852.
\11\Resigned June 11, 1856.
\12\Served Jan. 5, 1856, by request of President pro tempore Bright.
\13\Special session of the Senate. Elected ``to serve in the absence of the Vice President'' and served until
  Mar. 2, 1867.
\14\Special session of the Senate. Resigned Mar. 3, 1883.
\15\Resigned as President pro tempore, effective Feb. 26, 1887.
\16\Resigned as President pro tempore, effective Mar. 2, 1891; in March 1890, the Senate adopted a resolution
  stating that Presidents pro tempore would hold office continuously until the election of another President pro
  tempore, rather than being elected for the period in which the vice president was absent. The new system has
  continued to the present.
\17\Resigned as President pro tempore Mar. 22, 1893.
\18\Resigned as President pro tempore Jan. 10, 1895.
\19\Resigned as President pro tempore Apr. 27, 1911.
\20\Bacon served as President pro tempore Aug. 14 but was actually elected on Aug. 13.
\21\Elected to serve Dec. 4 to 12, 1911.
\22\Elected to serve Jan. 15 to 17, Mar. 11 and 12, Apr. 8, May 10, May 30 to June 3, June 13 to July 5, Aug. 1
  to 10, and Aug. 27 to Dec. 15, 1912; Jan. 5 to 18 and Feb. 2 to 15, 1913.
\23\Elected to serve Feb. 12 to 14, Apr. 26 and 27, May 7, July 6 to 31, Aug. 12 to 26, 1912; Dec. 16, 1912, to
  Jan. 4, 1913; Jan 19 to Feb. 1 and Feb. 16 to Mar. 3, 1913.
\24\Elected to serve Mar. 25 and 26, 1912.
\25\Died Oct. 1, 1916.
\26\Died Nov. 10, 1940.
\27\Died June 22, 1941.
\28\Died Jan. 21, 1971.
\29\Died July 27, 1972.
\30\Elected to serve for one day only (Dec. 5, 1980). Magnuson resumed the post.
\31\Elected to serve Jan. 3 to Jan. 20, 2001.
\32\Elected to serve beginning Jan. 20, 2001, after Republicans regained control of the Senate. Thurmond was
  designated President pro tempore emeritus of the United States Senate (S. Res. 103, 107-1, June 6, 2001) after
  Democrats regained control of Senate.
\33\Died June 28, 2010.
\34\Died Dec. 17, 2012.

                  
             
See footnotes at end of table.



[[Page 596]]
 
1801                           Deputy Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate
 


    1801                    Deputy Presidents Pro Tempore of the Senate\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Congress                          Name                    State                   Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
95th.................................  Hubert H. Humphrey.....  Minnesota..............  Jan. 10, 1977
                                                                                          (effective Jan. 5,
                                                                                          1977).\2\
100th................................  George J. Mitchell.....  Maine..................  Jan. 28, 1987.\3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\This office was established by S. Res. 17, 95-1, agreed to Jan. 10, 1977 (effective Jan. 5, 1977). The
  resolution provided that ``[a]ny Member of the Senate who has held the Office of President of the United
  States or Vice President of the United States shall be a Deputy President pro tempore''.
\2\Died Jan. 13, 1978.
\3\ S. Res. 90, 100-1, agreed to Jan. 28, 1987, provided that in addition to Senators who hold the Office of
  Deputy President pro tempore under authority of S. Res. 17, 95-1, any other Member of the Senate designated by
  Senate resolution shall hold the office at the pleasure of the Senate during the 100th Congress. Senator
  Mitchell was so designated by S. Res. 91, agreed to the same date.


      1802

                             permanent acting president pro tempore of the senate\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Congress                          Name                    State                   Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
88th-95th............................  Lee Metcalf............  Montana................  Feb. 7, 1964.\2\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Development of this office started in 1963 upon adoption of S. Res. 232 and S. Res. 238, making Senator
  Metcalf Permanent Acting President pro tempore from Dec. 9, 1963, until meeting of the second regular session
  of the 88th Congress. On Feb. 7, 1964, S. Res. 296 was adopted authorizing Senator Metcalf ``to perform the
  duties of the Chair as Acting President pro tempore until otherwise ordered by the Senate.''
\2\Died Jan. 12, 1978.


      1803

                                presidents pro tempore emeritus of the senate\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Congress                          Name                    State                   Elected
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
107th................................  Strom Thurmond.........  South Carolina.........  June 6, 2001.\2\
108th................................  Robert C. Byrd.........  West Virginia..........  Jan. 15, 2003.\3\
110th................................  Ted Stevens............  Alaska.................  Jan. 4, 2007.\4\
114th................................  Patrick J. Leahy.......  Vermont................  Jan. 6, 2015.\5\
115th................................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
116th................................  ......do...............  ......do...............  .......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\This office was first created on June 6, 2001, with S. Res. 103, designating Senator Strom Thurmond as
  President pro tempore emeritus.
\2\Designated by S. Res. 103.
\3\Designated by S. Res. 21.
\4\Designated by S. Res. 6.
\5\Designated by S. Res. 6.



[[Page 597]]
            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                            SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES

               FROM THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE BEGINNING OF THE SECOND 
                    SESSION OF THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS
            ------------------------------------------------------------

                             CLASSIFICATION OF SENATORS

                Under Article I, section 3, clause 2, of the 
            Constitution of the United States, relating to the 
            classification of Senators in the First and succeeding 
            Congresses, it was provided that, ``Immediately after they 
            shall be assembled in consequence of the first election they 
            shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. 
            The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be 
            vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second 
            class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third 
            class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third 
            may be chosen every second year.'' The classification of the 
            Senators of the First Congress was made in accordance with 
            this provision by lot. The following table shows the classes 
            to which the Senators of the First Congress, and from States 
            subsequently admitted into the Union, were severally 
            assigned, and the succession in each State to the second 
            session of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress.


                                  TERMS OF SENATORS

                Technically, pursuant to the Twentieth Amendment to the 
            Constitution of the United States, ratified January 23, 
            1933, the terms of Members of the Senate commence at noon on 
            the third day of January and end six years later at noon on 
            the third day of January. In view of the impracticality of 
            dealing with split days, however, it has been the long 
            established practice for payment of salaries, computation of 
            allowances, and recording of service to credit a Member for 
            the full day of the third of January and to consider the 
            term as ended at the close of business on the second of 
            January six years later. Accordingly, the service of Members 
            of the Senate is shown on that basis in the following 
            tables.



[[Page 599]]
 
            TABLE OF SENATORS FROM THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE SECOND 
                SESSION OF THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS *
                
                                                              1805  1806

                                                     ALABAMA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16th-29th.......................  William R. King...  Dec. 14, 1819     Mar. 3, 1847      Res. Apr. 15, 1844.
28th............................  Dixon H. Lewis....  Apr. 22, 1844     Dec. 9, 1844      By gov., to fill vac.
28th-32d........................  ......do..........  Dec. 10, 1844     Mar. 3, 1853      Died Oct. 25, 1848.
30th-31st.......................  Benjamin            Nov. 25, 1848     Nov. 30, 1849     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Fitzpatrick.
31st-32d........................  Jeremiah Clemens..  Nov. 30, 1849     Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-38th........................  Clement Claiborne   Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1865            (\1\)
                                   Clay, Jr.
40th-41st.......................  Willard Warner....  July 23, 1868     Mar. 3, 1871            (\2\)
42d-44th........................  George Goldthwaite  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877            (\3\)
45th-62d........................  John T. Morgan....  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1913      Died June 11, 1907.
60th............................  John H. Bankhead..  June 18, 1907     July 16, 1907     By gov., to fill vac.
60th-68th.......................  ......do..........  July 17, 1907     Mar. 3, 1925      Died Mar. 1, 1920.
66th............................  Braxton B. Comer..  Mar. 5, 1920      Nov. 2, 1920      By gov., to fill vac.
66th-71st.......................  J. Thomas Heflin..  Nov. 3, 1920      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-80th........................  John H. Bankhead    Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1949      Died June 12, 1946.
                                   II.
79th............................  George R. Swift...  June 15, 1946     Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
79th-95th.......................  John Sparkman.....  Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-104th......................  Howell Heflin.....  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-116th.....................  Jeff Sessions.....  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021      Res. Feb. 8, 2017.
115th...........................  Luther Strange....  Feb. 9, 2017      Jan. 2, 2018      By gov., to fill vac.
115th-116th.....................  Doug Jones........  Jan. 3, 2018      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16th-18th.......................  John W. Walker....  Dec. 14, 1819     Mar. 3, 1825      Res. Dec. 12, 1822.
17th-18th.......................  William Kelly.....  Dec. 12, 1822         Do.           ......................
19th-21st.......................  Henry H. Chambers.  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      Died Jan. 24, 1826.
19th............................  Israel Pickens....  Feb. 17, 1826     Nov. 27, 1826     By gov., to fill vac.
19th-21st.......................  John McKinley.....  Nov. 27, 1826     Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-24th........................  Gabriel Moore.....  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      ......................
25th............................  John McKinley.....  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Apr. 22, 1837.
25th-27th.......................  Clement Comer Clay  June 19, 1837         Do.           Res. Nov. 15, 1841.
27th-30th.......................  Arthur P. Bagby...  Nov. 24, 1841     Mar. 3, 1849      Res. June 16, 1848.
30th............................  William R. King...  July 1, 1848          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
31st-33d........................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      Res. Dec. 20, 1852.
32d-33d.........................  Benjamin            Jan. 14, 1853     Mar. 3, 1855      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Fitzpatrick.
34th-36th.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861            (\4\)
40th-45th.......................  George E. Spencer.  July 21, 1868     Mar. 3, 1879            (\5\)
46th-48th.......................  George S. Houston.  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      Died Dec. 31, 1879.
46th............................  Luke Pryor........  Jan. 7, 1880      Nov. 23, 1880     By gov., to fill vac.
46th-54th.......................  James L. Pugh.....  Nov. 24, 1880     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-60th.......................  Edmund W. Pettus..  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1909      Died July 27, 1907.
60th-63d........................  Joseph F. Johnston  Aug. 6, 1907      Mar. 3, 1915            (\6\)
63d.............................  Francis S. White..  May 11, 1914          Do.           ......................
64th-69th.......................  Oscar W. Underwood  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-75th.......................  Hugo Black........  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1939      Res. Aug. 19, 1937.
75th............................  Dixie Bibb Graves.  Aug. 20, 1937         Do.                 (\7\)
75th............................  J. Lister Hill....  Jan. 11, 1938     Apr. 26, 1938     By gov., to fill vac.
75th-90th.......................  ......do..........  April 27, 1938    Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-96th.......................  James B. Allen....  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1981      Died June 1, 1978.
95th............................  Maryon Pittman      June 8, 1978      Nov. 7, 1978      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Allen.
95th-96th.......................  Donald W. Stewart.  Nov. 8, 1978      Jan. 2, 1981      Res. Jan. 1, 1981.
96th-99th.......................  Jeremiah Denton...  Jan. 2, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987            (\8\)
100th-117th.....................  Richard C. Shelby.  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* These tables are accurate as of January 2019.

Footnotes continued on next page.


[[Page 600]]

 
\1\Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy
  from Jan. 21, 1861, to July 22, 1868.
\2\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated July 25, 1868.
\3\Not sworn in until Jan. 15, 1872, because of contested election.
\4\Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy
  from Jan. 21, 1861, to July 20, 1868.
\5\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867. Seated July 25, 1868.
\6\Died Aug. 8, 1913. Vacancy from Aug. 8, 1913, to May 11, 1914. Henry D. Clayton was appointed by governor
  Aug. 12, 1913, to fill vacancy but his credentials were withdrawn on Oct. 21, 1913; Frank P. Glass was
  appointed by governor Nov. 17, 1913, but by Senate resolution, Feb. 4, 1914, was declared not entitled to a
  seat.
\7\By governor, to fill vacancy. Resigned Jan. 10, 1938.
\8\Elected for term commencing Jan. 3, 1981; subsequently appointed by governor on Jan. 2, 1981, to fill vacancy
  in term ending Jan. 2, 1981.
 

                See footnotes at end of Arkansas table.
                
                
            1807  1808

                                                     ALASKA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
86th-92d........................  E. L. Bartlett....  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1973      Died Dec. 11, 1968.
90th-91st.......................  Ted Stevens.......  Dec. 24, 1968     Nov. 3, 1970      By gov., to fill vac.
91st-110th......................  ......do..........  Nov. 4, 1970      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-113th.....................  Mark Begich.......  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Dan Sullivan......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
86th-90th.......................  Ernest Gruening...  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-96th.......................  Mike Gravel.......  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1981
97th-108th......................  Frank H. Murkowski  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 2005      Res. Dec. 2, 2002.
107th-108th.....................  Lisa Murkowski....  Dec. 20, 2002     Nov. 2, 2004      By gov., to fill vac.
109th-117th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 2004      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            1809  1810

                                                     ARIZONA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62d-76th........................  Henry Fountain      Mar. 27, 1912     Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
                                   Ashurst.
77th-82d........................  Ernest W.           Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
                                   McFarland.
83d-88th........................  Barry Goldwater...  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1965      ......................
89th-94th.......................  Paul J. Fannin....  Jan. 3, 1965      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-103d.......................  Dennis DeConcini..  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-112th.....................  Jon Kyl...........  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-115th.....................  Jeff Flake........  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Krysten Sinema....  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62d-66th........................  Marcus A. Smith...  Mar. 27, 1912     Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  Ralph H. Cameron..  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-90th.......................  Carl Hayden.......  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-99th.......................  Barry Goldwater...  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
100th-117th.....................  John S. McCain III  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2023      Died Aug. 25, 2018
115th...........................  Jon Kyl...........  Sept. 4, 2018     Nov. 3, 2020            (\1\)
116th...........................  Martha McSally....  Jan. 3, 2018          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ By governor, to fill vacancy. Resigned Dec. 31, 2018.

                See footnotes at end of Arkansas table.
                
            1811  1812

                                                    ARKANSAS
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24th-29th.......................  William S. Fulton.  Sept. 18, 1836    Mar. 3, 1847      Died Aug. 15, 1844.
28th-32d........................  Chester Ashley....  Nov. 8, 1844      Mar. 3, 1853      Died Apr. 29, 1848.
30th............................  William K.          May 12, 1848      Nov. 16, 1848     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Sebastian.

[[Page 601]]

 
30th-38th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 17, 1848     Mar. 3, 1865            (\1\)
40th-41st.......................  Alexander McDonald  June 22, 1868     Mar. 3, 1871            (\2\)
42d-44th........................  Powell Clayton....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-50th.......................  Augustus H.         Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1889      Res. Mar. 6, 1885.
                                   Garland.
49th-59th.......................  James H. Berry....  Mar. 20, 1885     Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
60th-62d........................  Jeff Davis........  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      Died Jan. 3, 1913.
62d.............................  John N. Heiskell..  Jan. 6, 1913      Jan. 29, 1913     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  William M.          Jan. 29, 1913     Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
                                   Kavanaugh.
63d-77th........................  Joseph T. Robinson  Mar. 10, 1913     Jan. 2, 1943            (\3\)
75th-77th.......................  John E. Miller....  Nov. 15, 1937         Do.                 (\4\)
77th............................  Lloyd Spencer.....  Apr. 1, 1941          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
78th-95th.......................  John L. McClellan.  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1979      Died Nov. 28, 1977.
95th............................  Kaneaster Hodges,   Dec. 10, 1977         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Jr..
96th-104th......................  David H. Pryor....  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-107th.....................  Tim Hutchinson....  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2003
108th-113th.....................  Mark Pryor........  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Tom Cotton........  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24th-30th.......................  Ambrose H. Sevier.  Sept. 18, 1836    Mar. 3, 1849      Res. Mar. 15, 1848.
30th............................  Solon Borland.....  Mar. 30, 1848     Nov. 16, 1848     By gov., to fill vac.
30th-33d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 17, 1848     Mar. 3, 1855      Res. Apr. 3, 1853.
33d.............................  Robert W. Johnson.  July 6, 1853      Nov. 9, 1854      By gov., to fill vac.
33d-36th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 10, 1854     Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  Charles B. Mitchel  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867            (\5\)
40th-42d........................  Benjamin F. Rice..  June 23, 1868     Mar. 3, 1873            (\6\)
43d-45th........................  Stephen W. Dorsey.  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  James D. Walker...  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-57th.......................  James K. Jones....  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-66th.......................  James P. Clarke...  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Oct. 1, 1916.
64th-66th.......................  William F. Kirby..  Nov. 8, 1916          Do.           ......................
67th-72d........................  Thaddeus H.         Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1933      Died Nov. 6, 1931.
                                   Caraway.
72d.............................  Hattie W. Caraway.  Nov. 13, 1931     Jan. 12, 1932     By gov., to fill vac.
72d-78th........................  ......do..........  Jan. 13, 1932     Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-93d........................  J. William          Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 31, 1974.
                                   Fulbright.
94th-105th......................  Dale Bumpers......  Jan. 3, 1975      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
106th-111th.....................  Blanche L. Lincoln  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
112th-117th.....................  John Boozman......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to June 22, 1868, when Arkansas was
  readmitted to representation.
\2\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865.
\3\Elected Jan. 28, 1913, for the term beginning Mar. 4, 1913. Took oath Mar. 10, 1913. Served as governor until
  Mar. 8, 1913. Died July 14, 1937. Vacancy from July 15 to Nov. 14, 1937.
\4\Elected Oct. 18, 1937. Served in House during interim. Resigned Mar. 31, 1941.
\5\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to June 22, 1868, when Arkansas was
  readmitted to representation.
\6\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867.
 

                See footnotes at end of California table.
                
                
                                                              1813  1814

                                                   CALIFORNIA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31st............................  John C. Fremont...  Sept. 9, 1850     Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  John B. Weller....  Jan. 30, 1852     Mar. 3, 1857            (\1\)
35th-37th.......................  David C. Broderick  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      Died Sept. 16, 1859.
36th............................  Henry P. Haun.....  Nov. 3, 1859      Mar. 5, 1860      By gov., to fill vac.
36th-37th.......................  Milton S. Latham..  Mar. 5, 1860      Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
38th-40th.......................  John Conness......  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  Eugene Casserly...  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      Res. Nov. 29, 1873.
43d.............................  John S. Hager.....  Dec. 23, 1873         Do.           ......................
44th-46th.......................  Newton Booth......  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  John F. Miller....  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      Died Mar. 8, 1886.
49th............................  George Hearst.....  Mar. 23, 1886     Aug. 4, 1886      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Abram P. Williams.  Aug. 4, 1886      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................

[[Page 602]]

 
50th-52d........................  George Hearst.....  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893      Died Feb. 28, 1891.
52d.............................  Charles N. Felton.  Mar. 19, 1891         Do.           ......................
53d-55th........................  Stephen M. White..  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1899
56th-58th.......................  Thomas R. Bard....  Feb. 7, 1900      Mar. 3, 1905            (\2\)
59th-61st.......................  Frank P. Flint....  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  John D. Works.....  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-79th.......................  Hiram W. Johnson..  Mar. 16, 1917     Jan. 2, 1947            (\3\)
78th............................  William F.          Aug. 26, 1945     Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Knowland.
78th-85th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-88th.......................  Clair Engle.......  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1965      Died July 30, 1964.
88th............................  Pierre Salinger...  Aug. 4, 1964      Jan. 2, 1971      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\4\
88th-91st.......................  George Murphy.....  Jan. 1, 1965          Do.                 (\5\)
91st-94th.......................  John V. Tunney....  Jan. 2, 1971      Jan. 2, 1977            (\6\)
94th-97th.......................  S. I. Hayakawa....  Jan. 2, 1977      Jan. 2, 1983            (\7\)
98th-102d.......................  Pete Wilson.......  Jan. 3, 1983      Jan. 2, 1995      Res. Jan. 7, 1991.
102d............................  John Seymour......  Jan. 7, 1991      Nov. 3, 1992      By gov., to fill vac.
102d-118th......................  Dianne Feinstein..  Nov. 4, 1992      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31st-33d........................  William M. Gwin...  Sept. 9, 1850     Mar. 3, 1855            (\8\)
34th-36th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 13, 1857     Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  James A. McDougall  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-42d........................  Cornelius Cole....  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  Aaron A. Sargent..  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  James T. Farley...  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-54th.......................  Leland Stanford...  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1897      Died June 21, 1893.
53d.............................  George C. Perkins.  July 26, 1893     Jan. 22, 1895     By gov., to fill vac.
53d-63d.........................  ......do..........  Jan. 23, 1895     Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-66th.......................  James D. Phelan...  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-72d........................  Samuel M.           Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
                                   Shortridge.
73d-75th........................  William Gibbs       Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      Res. Nov. 8, 1938.
                                   McAdoo.
75th............................  Thomas M. Storke..  Nov. 9, 1938          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
76th-81st.......................  Sheridan Downey...  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1951      Res. Nov. 30, 1950.
81st-84th.......................  Richard M. Nixon..  Dec. 1, 1950      Jan 2, 1957             (\9\)
83d.............................  Thomas H. Kuchel..  Jan. 2, 1953      Nov. 2, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
83d-90th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1954      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-102d.......................  Alan Cranston.....  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1993      ......................
103d-114th......................  Barbara Boxer.....  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2017      ......................
115th-117th.....................  Kamala O. Harris..  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1851, to Jan. 30, 1852.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1899, to Feb. 7, 1900, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\3\Elected Nov. 7, 1916. Took oath Apr. 2, 1917. Governor during interim, until his resignation on Mar. 15,
  1917. Died Aug. 6, 1945.
\4\Resigned Dec. 31, 1964.
\5\Elected to full term beginning Jan. 3, 1965; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1965. Resigned Jan. 1, 1971.
\6\Elected to full term beginning Jan. 3, 1971; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1971. Resigned Jan. 1, 1977.
\7\Elected to full term beginning Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1977.
\8\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1855, to Jan. 12, 1857, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\9\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1951; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1951. Resigned Nov. 11, 1952, effective Jan. 1, 1953, having been elected Vice President of the
  United States for the 42nd term on Nov. 4, 1952.
 

                See footnotes at end of Colorado table.
                
                
            1815  1816

                                                    COLORADO
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44th-47th.......................  Henry M. Teller...  Nov. 15, 1876     Mar. 3, 1883      Res. Apr. 17, 1882.
47th............................  George M. Chilcott  Apr. 17, 1882     Jan. 27, 1883     By gov., to fill vac.
47th............................  Horace A. W. Tabor  Jan. 27, 1883     Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-50th.......................  Thomas M. Bowen...  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1889      ......................
51st-56th.......................  Edward O. Wolcott.  Mar. 4, 1889      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Thomas M.           Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
                                   Patterson.

[[Page 603]]

 
60th-62d........................  Simon Guggenheim..  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  John F. Shafroth..  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
66th-71st.......................  Lawrence C. Phipps  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-74th........................  Edward P. Costigan  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-83d........................  Edwin C. Johnson..  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
84th-92d........................  Gordon Allott.....  Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
93d-95th........................  Floyd K. Haskell..  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-101st......................  William L.          Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1991
                                   Armstrong.
102d-104th......................  Hank Brown........  Jan. 3, 1991      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-110th.....................  Wayne Allard......  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-113th.....................  Mark Udall........  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Cory Gardner......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44th-45th.......................  Jerome B. Chaffee.  Nov. 15, 1876     Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  Nathaniel P. Hill.  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-60th.......................  Henry M. Teller...  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  Charles J. Hughes,  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      Died Jan. 11, 1911.
                                   Jr..
62d-66th........................  Charles S. Thomas.  Jan. 15, 1913     Mar. 3, 1921            (\1\)
67th-69th.......................  Samuel D.           Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      Died Mar. 24, 1923.
                                   Nicholson.
68th............................  Alva B. Adams.....  May 17, 1923      Nov. 30, 1924     By gov., to fill vac.
68th-69th.......................  Rice W. Means.....  Dec. 1, 1924      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-72d........................  Charles W.          Mar. 4, 1927      Mar. 3, 1933      Died Aug. 27, 1932.
                                   Waterman.
72d.............................  Walter Walker.....  Sept. 26, 1932    Dec. 6, 1932      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Karl C. Schuyler..  Dec. 7, 1932      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-78th........................  Alva B. Adams.....  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1945      Died Dec. 1, 1941.
77th............................  Eugene D. Millikin  Dec. 20, 1941     Nov. 3, 1942      By gov., to fill vac.
77th-84th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 4, 1942      Jan. 2, 1957      ......................
85th-87th.......................  John A. Carroll...  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1963      ......................
88th-93d........................  Peter H. Dominick.  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 1975      ......................
94th-99th.......................  Gary W. Hart......  Jan. 3, 1975      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
100th-102d......................  Timothy E. Wirth..  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 1993
103d-108th......................  Ben Nighthorse      Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
                                   Campbell.
109th-111th.....................  Ken Salazar.......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2011      Res. Jan. 20, 2009.
111th...........................  Michael Bennet....  Jan. 21, 2009     Jan. 2, 2011      By gov., to fill vac.
112th-117th.....................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Jan. 11, 1911, to Jan. 14, 1913, because of failure of legislature to elect.
 

                See footnotes at end of Connecticut table.
                
                                                              1817  1818

                                                   CONNECTICUT
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-4th.........................  Oliver Ellsworth..  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1797      Res. Mar. 8, 1796.
4th-13th........................  James Hillhouse...  May 18, 1796      Mar. 3, 1815      Res. June 10, 1810.
11th-16th.......................  Samuel W. Dana....  Dec. 4, 1810      Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-19th.......................  Elijah Boardman...  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1827      Died Oct. 8, 1823.
18th............................  Henry W. Edwards..  Oct. 8, 1823      May 4, 1824       By gov., to fill vac.
18th-19th.......................  ......do..........  May 5, 1824       Mar. 3, 1827      ......................
20th-22d........................  Samuel A. Foot....  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1833      ......................
23d-25th........................  Nathan Smith......  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      Died Dec. 6, 1835.
24th............................  John M. Niles.....  Dec. 14, 1835     May 3, 1836       By gov., to fill vac.
24th-25th.......................  ......do..........  May 4, 1836       Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  Thaddeus Betts....  Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1845      Died Apr. 7, 1840.
26th-31st.......................  Jabez W.            May 4, 1840       Mar. 3, 1851      Died Nov. 2, 1847.
                                   Huntington.
30th............................  Roger S. Baldwin..  Nov. 11, 1847     May 2, 1848       By gov., to fill vac.
30th-31st.......................  ......do..........  May 3, 1848       Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  Isaac Toucey......  May 12, 1852      Mar. 3, 1857            (\1\)
35th-40th.......................  James Dixon.......  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  William A.          Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      Died Feb. 5, 1875.
                                   Buckingham.
43d.............................  William W. Eaton..  Feb. 5, 1875          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
44th-46th.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-58th.......................  Joseph R. Hawley..  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
59th-61st.......................  Morgan G. Bulkeley  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................

[[Page 604]]

 
62d-70th........................  George P. McLean..  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-73d........................  Frederic C.         Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
                                   Walcott.
74th-79th.......................  Francis Maloney...  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1947      Died Jan. 16, 1945.
79th............................  Thomas C. Hart....  Feb. 15, 1945     Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
80th-82d........................  Raymond E. Baldwin  Dec. 27, 1946     Jan. 2, 1953            (\2\)
81st............................  William Benton....  Dec. 17, 1949     Nov. 7, 1950      By gov., to fill vac.
81st-82d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 8, 1950      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-85th........................  William A. Purtell  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-91st.......................  Thomas J. Dodd....  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92d-100th.......................  Lowell P. Weicker,  Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
                                   Jr..
101st-112th.....................  Joseph I.           Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
                                   Lieberman.
113th-118th.....................  Christopher Murphy  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-3d..........................  William S. Johnson  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1795      Res. Mar. 4, 1791.
2d-3d...........................  Roger Sherman.....  June 13, 1791         Do.           Died July 23, 1793.
3d..............................  Stephen M.          Dec. 2, 1793          Do.           ......................
                                   Mitchell.
4th-6th.........................  Jonathan Trumbull.  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1801      Res. June 10, 1796.
4th-12th........................  Uriah Tracy.......  Oct. 13, 1796     Mar. 3, 1813      Died July 19, 1807.
10th-15th.......................  Chauncey Goodrich.  Oct. 25, 1807     Mar. 3, 1819      Res. in May 1813.
13th-15th.......................  David Daggett.....  May 13, 1813          Do.           ......................
16th-18th.......................  James Lanman......  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-21st.......................  Calvin Willey.....  May 4, 1825       Mar. 3, 1831            (\3\)
22d-24th........................  Gideon Tomlinson..  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      ......................
25th-27th.......................  Perry Smith.......  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-30th.......................  John M. Niles.....  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-33d........................  Truman Smith......  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855            (\4\)
33d.............................  Francis Gillette..  May 25, 1854          Do.           ......................
34th-39th.......................  Lafayette S.        Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
                                   Foster.
40th-45th.......................  Orris S. Ferry....  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1879      Died Nov. 21, 1875.
44th............................  James E. English..  Nov. 27, 1875     May 17, 1876      By gov., to fill vac.
44th-45th.......................  William H. Barnum.  May 17, 1876      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-60th.......................  Orville H. Platt..  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1909      Died Apr. 21, 1905.
59th-69th.......................  Frank B. Brandegee  May 10, 1905      Mar. 3, 1927            (\5\)
68th-72d........................  Hiram Bingham.....  Jan. 8, 1925      Mar. 3, 1933            (\6\)
73d-75th........................  Augustine Lonergan  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-78th.......................  John A. Danaher...  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-84th.......................  Brien McMahon.....  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1957      Died July 28, 1952.
82d.............................  William A. Purtell  Aug. 29, 1952     Nov. 4, 1952      By gov., to fill vac.
82d-87th........................  Prescott Bush.....  Nov. 5, 1952      Jan. 3, 1963      ......................
88th-96th.......................  Abraham Ribicoff..  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-111th......................  Christopher J.      Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
                                   Dodd.
112th-117th.....................  Richard Blumenthal  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1851, to May 11, 1852, because of failure of governor to appoint.
\2\Elected Nov. 5, 1946, to fill the vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1947, and at the same time to the full term
  commencing Jan. 3, 1947; took oath Dec. 27, 1946. Governor during interim. Resigned Dec. 16, 1949.
\3\Because the state legislature had failed to elect a senator for the term beginning Mar. 4, 1825, the governor
  appointed James Lanman to serve until the legislature was scheduled to meet again in May, but the Senate, on
  Mar. 5, 1825, would not permit him to qualify; vacancy from Mar. 4 to May 3, 1825, because of recess of
  legislature.
\4\Resigned Apr. 11, 1854, to take effect May 24, 1854.
\5\Died Oct. 14, 1924. Vacancy from Oct. 15 to Jan. 8, 1925.
\6\Elected Dec. 16, 1924. Governor during interim.

                See footnotes at end of Delaware table.
                
            1819  1820

                                                    DELAWARE
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-4th.........................  George Read.......  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1797            (\1\)
3d-7th..........................  Henry Latimer.....  Feb. 7, 1795      Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Feb. 28, 1801.
6th-7th.........................  Samuel White......  Feb. 28, 1801     Jan. 13, 1802     By gov., to fill vac.
7th-13th........................  ......do..........  Jan. 14, 1802     Mar. 3, 1815      Died Nov. 4, 1809.
11th-16th.......................  Outerbridge Horsey  Jan. 12, 1810     Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-19th.......................  Caesar A. Rodney..  Jan. 24, 1822     Mar. 3, 1827            (\2\)

                Footnotes continued on next page.
                

[[Page 605]]



                                               DELAWARE--Continued
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18th-19th.......................  Thomas Clayton....  Jan. 15, 1824         Do.                 (\3\)
20th-22d........................  Louis McLane......  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Apr. 16, 1829.
21st-25th.......................  Arnold Naudain....  Jan. 7, 1830      Mar. 3, 1839      Res. June 16, 1836.
24th-28th.......................  Richard H. Bayard.  June 17, 1836     Mar. 3, 1845            (\4\)
29th-31st.......................  John M Clayton....  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Res. Feb. 23, 1849.
30th-31st.......................  John Wales........  Feb. 23, 1849         Do.           ......................
32d-40th........................  James Asheton       Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1869      Res. Jan. 29, 1864.
                                   Bayard, Jr.
38th-40th.......................  George Read Riddle  Jan. 29, 1864         Do.           Died Mar. 29, 1867.
40th............................  James Asheton       Apr. 5, 1867      Jan. 18, 1869     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Bayard, Jr.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 19, 1869     Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-49th.......................  Thomas F. Bayard,   Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1887      Res. Mar. 6, 1885.
                                   Sr.
49th-55th.......................  George Gray.......  Mar. 18, 1885     Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
57th-58th.......................  L. Heisler Ball...  Mar. 2, 1903      Mar. 3, 1905            (\5\)
59th-64th.......................  Henry A. du Pont..  June 13, 1906     Mar. 3, 1917            (\6\)
65th-67th.......................  Josiah O. Wolcott.  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      Res. July 2, 1921.
67th............................  T. Coleman du Pont  July 7, 1921      Nov. 6, 1922      By gov., to fill vac.
67th-70th.......................  Thomas F. Bayard,   Nov. 8, 1922      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
                                   Jr..
71st-76th.......................  John G. Townsend,   Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
                                   Jr..
77th-79th.......................  James M. Tunnell..  Jan 3, 1941       Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-91st.......................  John J. Williams..  Jan 3, 1947       Jan. 2, 1971      Res. Dec. 31, 1970
91st-106th......................  William V. Roth,    Jan. 1, 1971      Jan. 2, 2001            (\7\)
                                   Jr..
107th-118th.....................  Thomas Carper.....  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  Richard Bassett...  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1793      ......................
3d-5th..........................  John Vining.......  Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. Jan. 19, 1798.
5th.............................  Joshua Clayton....  Jan. 19, 1798         Do.           Died Aug. 11, 1798.
5th-8th.........................  William Hill Wells  Jan. 17, 1799     Mar. 3, 1805      Res. Nov. 6, 1804.
8th-14th........................  James Asheton       Nov. 13, 1804     Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Mar. 3, 1813.
                                   Bayard, Sr.
13th-14th.......................  William Hill Wells  May 28, 1813          Do.           ......................
15th-20th.......................  Nicholas Van Dyke.  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1829      Died May 21, 1826.
19th............................  Daniel Rodney.....  Nov. 8, 1826      Jan. 12, 1827     By gov., to fill vac.
19th-20th.......................  Henry M. Ridgely..  Jan. 12, 1827     Mar. 3, 1829
21st-26th.......................  John M. Clayton...  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1841      Res. Dec. 29, 1836.
24th-29th.......................  Thomas Clayton....  Jan. 9, 1837      Mar. 3, 1847
30th-32d........................  Presley Spruance..  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853
33d-35th........................  John M. Clayton...  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      Died Nov. 9, 1856.
34th............................  Joseph P. Comegys.  Nov. 19, 1856     Jan. 14, 1857     By gov., to fill vac.
34th-35th.......................  Martin W. Bates...  Jan. 14, 1857     Mar. 3, 1859
36th-41st.......................  Willard Saulsbury,  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1871
                                   Sr.
42d-50th........................  Eli Saulsbury.....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1889
51st-53d........................  Anthony Higgins...  Mar. 4, 1889      Mar. 3, 1895
54th-56th.......................  Richard R. Kenney.  Jan. 19, 1897     Mar. 3, 1901            (\8\)
57th-59th.......................  James F. Allee....  Mar. 2, 1903      Mar. 3, 1907            (\9\)
60th-62d........................  Harry A.            Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913
                                   Richardson.
63d-65th........................  Willard Saulsbury,  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919
                                   Jr.
66th-68th.......................  L. Heisler Ball...  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925
69th-70th.......................  T. Coleman du Pont  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      Res. Dec. 9, 1928.
70th-71st.......................  Daniel O. Hastings  Dec. 10, 1928     Nov. 4, 1930      By gov., to fill vac.
71st-74th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 1930      Jan. 2, 1937
75th-77th.......................  James H. Hughes...  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1943
78th-80th.......................  C. Douglass Buck..  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949
81st-86th.......................  J. Allen Frear, Jr  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1961
87th-92d........................  J. Caleb Boggs....  Jan. 3, 1961      Jan. 2, 1973
93d-113th.......................  Joseph R. Biden,    Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 2015      Res. Jan. 15,
                                   Jr.                                                     2009.\10\
111th...........................  Edward E. (Ted)     Jan. 15, 2009     Nov. 15, 2010     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Kaufman.
111th-116th.....................  Christopher Coons.  Nov. 15, 2010     Jan. 2, 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned Sept. 18, 1793. Vacancy from Sept. 18, 1793, to Feb. 7, 1795. Kensey Johns was appointed by governor
  Mar. 19, 1794, to fill vacancy, but by Senate resolution of Mar. 28, 1794, was declared not entitled to a
  seat.
\2\Elected to fill vacancy in term commencing Mar. 4, 1821, and took his seat Jan. 24, 1822; vacancy in this
  class from Mar. 4, 1821, to Jan. 23, 1822; resigned Jan. 29, 1823.
\3\Vacancy from Jan. 29, 1823, to Jan. 14, 1824, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\4\Resigned Sept. 19, 1839. Reelected, serving from Jan. 12, 1841, to Mar. 3, 1845. Vacancy from Sept. 19, 1839,
  to Jan. 11, 1841.
\5\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1899, to Mar. 2, 1903, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\6\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1905, to June 13, 1906, because of failure of legislature to elect.

[[Page 606]]

 
\7\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1971; subsequently appointed by governor Jan. 1, 1971, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1971.
\8\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1895, to Jan. 19, 1897, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\9\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1901, to Mar. 2, 1903, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\10\Resigned having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 56th term on Nov. 4, 2008.
 


                Footnotes continued on next page.
                
            1821  1822

                                                     FLORIDA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29th-31st.......................  David Levy Yulee..  July 1, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851            (\1\)
32d-37th........................  Stephen R. Mallory  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1863            (\2\)
40th............................  Adonijah S. Welch.  June 25, 1868     Mar. 3, 1869            (\3\)
41st-43d........................  Abijah Gilbert....  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875
44th-49th.......................  Charles W. Jones..  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1887
50th-52d........................  Samuel Pasco......  May 19, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893            (\4\)
53d.............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1893      Apr. 19, 1893     By gov., to fill vac.
53d-55th........................  ......do..........  Apr. 20, 1893     Mar. 3, 1899
56th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1899      Apr. 19, 1899         Do.
56th-58th.......................  James P.            Apr. 20, 1899     Mar. 3, 1905
                                   Taliaferro.
59th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1905      Apr. 19, 1905         Do.
59th-61st.......................  ......do..........  Apr. 20, 1905     Mar. 3, 1911
62d.............................  Nathan P. Bryan...  Mar. 4, 1911      Apr. 18, 1911         Do.
62d-64th........................  ......do..........  Apr. 19, 1911     Mar. 3, 1917
65th-76th.......................  Park Trammell.....  Mar. 4, 1917      Jan. 2, 1941      Died May 8, 1936.
74th............................  Scott M. Loftin...  May 26, 1936      Nov. 3, 1936      By gov., to fill vac.
74th-79th.......................  Charles O. Andrews  Nov. 4, 1936      Jan. 2, 1947      Died Sept. 18, 1946.
79th............................  Spessard L.         Sept. 25, 1946    Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Holland.
79th-91st.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1956      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92d-100th.......................  Lawton Chiles.....  Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-106th.....................  Connie Mack.......  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-115th.....................  Bill Nelson.......  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Rick Scott........  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025            (\5\)
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29th-30th.......................  James D. Westcott,  July 1, 1845      Mar. 3, 1849
                                   Jr..
31st-33d........................  Jackson Morton....  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855
34th-36th.......................  David L. Yulee....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861            (\5\)
40th-42d........................  Thomas W. Osborn..  June 25, 1868     Mar. 3, 1873            (\6\)
43d-45th........................  Simon B. Conover..  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879
46th-54th.......................  Wilkinson Call....  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1897
55th-57th.......................  Stephen R. Mallory  May 15, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903            (\7\)
58th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1903      Apr. 21, 1903     By gov., to fill vac.
58th-60th.......................  ......do..........  Apr. 22, 1903     Mar. 3, 1909      Died Dec. 23, 1907.
60th............................  William J. Bryan..  Dec. 26, 1907         Do.                 (\8\)
  Do............................  William H. Milton.  Mar. 27, 1908         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
61st............................  Duncan U. Fletcher  Mar. 4, 1909      Apr. 20, 1909     By gov., to fill vac.
61st-75th.......................  ......do..........  Apr. 21, 1909     Jan. 2, 1939      Died June 17, 1936.
74th............................  William L. Hill...  July 1, 1936      Nov. 3, 1936      By gov., to fill vac.
74th-81st.......................  Claude Pepper.....  Nov. 4, 1936      Jan. 2, 1951
82d-90th........................  George A. Smathers  Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1969
91st-93d........................  Edward J. Gurney..  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 31, 1974.
93d-96th........................  Richard (Dick)      Jan. 1, 1975      Jan. 2, 1981            (\9\)
                                   Stone.
96th-99th.......................  Paula Hawkins.....  Jan. 1, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987            (\10\)
100th-108th.....................  Bob Graham........  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2005
109th-111th.....................  Mel Martinez......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2011      Res. Sep. 9, 2009.
111th...........................  George LeMieux....  Sep. 9, 2009      Jan. 2, 2011      By gov., to fill vac.
112th-117th.....................  Marco Rubio.......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Joint credentials of David Levy and James D. Westcott, Jr., dated July 1, 1845. Name David Levy changed to
  David Levy Yulee by an act of the legislature of Florida (Sen. Jour., Jan. 12, 1846).
\2\Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy
  from Jan. 21, 1861, to June 25, 1868, when Florida was readmitted to representation. Wilkinson Call presented
  credentials of an election held on Dec. 29, 1865, but was not seated.
\3\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1863. Seated July 2, 1868.
\4\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to May 19, 1887; Jesse J. Finley was appointed on Feb. 28, 1887, but never qualified for
  the reason that President pro tempore Ingalls held that the appointment having been anticipated was not valid;
  a successor was elected.
\5\Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 2019. Governor during interim.

[[Page 607]]

 
\6\Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 21, 1861, to June 25, 1868,
  when Florida was readmitted to representation. William Marvin presented credentials of an election held on
  Dec. 29, 1865, for term ending Mar. 3, 1867, and of an election held on Nov. 28, 1866, for term commencing
  Mar. 4, 1867, but was not seated.
\7\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867. Seated June 30, 1868.
\8\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to May 24, 1897. John A. Henderson was appointed by the governor on Mar. 6, 1897, but was
  not seated.
\9\By governor, to fill vacancy. Died Mar. 22, 1908.
\10\Elected to full term beginning Jan. 3, 1975; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1975. Resigned Dec. 31, 1980.
\11\Elected to full term beginning Jan. 3, 1981; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1981.
 

                See footnotes at end of Georgia table.
                                        
                                                                   1823  1824

                                                     GEORGIA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  William Few.......  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1793
2d-5th..........................  James Jackson.....  Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. 1795.
3d..............................  George Walton.....  Nov. 16, 1795     Apr. 12, 1796     By gov., to fill vac.
4th-5th.........................  Josiah Tatnall....  Apr. 12, 1796     Mar. 3, 1799
6th-11th........................  Abraham Baldwin...  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1811      Died Mar. 4, 1807.
10th............................  George Jones......  Aug. 27, 1807     Nov. 7, 1807      By gov., to fill vac.
10th-14th.......................  William H.          Nov. 7, 1807      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Mar. 23, 1813.
                                   Crawford.
13th............................  William B. Bulloch  Apr. 8, 1813      Nov. 6, 1813      By gov., to fill vac.
13th-14th.......................  William Wyatt Bibb  Nov. 6, 1813      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Nov. 9, 1816.
14th-17th.......................  George Michael      Nov. 13, 1816     Mar. 3, 1823      Res. Sept. 23, 1818.
                                   Troup.
15th-17th.......................  John Forsyth......  Nov. 23, 1818         Do.                 (\1\)
16th-17th.......................  Freeman Walker....  Nov. 6, 1819          Do.           Res. Aug. 8, 1821.
17th-20th.......................  Nicholas Ware.....  Nov. 10, 1821     Mar. 3, 1829      Died Sept. 7, 1824.
18th-20th.......................  Thomas W. Cobb....  Dec. 6, 1824          Do.           Res. in 1828.
20th............................  Oliver H. Prince..  Nov. 7, 1828          Do.
21st-23d........................  George Michael      Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. Nov. 8, 1833.
                                   Troup.
23d-26th........................  John Pendleton      Nov. 21, 1833     Mar. 3, 1841      Res. Nov. 1, 1837.
                                   King.
25th-26th.......................  Wilson Lumpkin....  Nov. 22, 1837         Do.
27th-29th.......................  John Macpherson     Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      Res. May 1845.
                                   Berrien.
29th............................  ......do..........  Nov. 14, 1845         Do.
30th-32d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 13, 1847     Mar. 3, 1853      Res. May 28, 1852.\2\
32d.............................  Robert M. Charlton  May 31, 1852          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
33d-38th........................  Robert Toombs.....  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1865            (\3\)
40th-41st.......................  Homer V. M. Miller  Feb. 24, 1871     Mar. 3, 1871            (\4\)
42d-44th........................  Thomas M. Norwood.  Nov. 14, 1871     Mar. 3, 1877            (\5\)
45th-47th.......................  Benjamin H. Hill..  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      Died Aug. 16, 1882.
47th............................  Pope Barrow.......  Nov. 15, 1882         Do.           ......................
48th-53d........................  Alfred H. Colquitt  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      Died Mar. 26, 1894.
53d.............................  Patrick Walsh.....  Apr. 2, 1894      Nov. 6, 1894      By gov., to fill vac.
    Do..........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1894      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-59th.......................  Augustus O. Bacon.  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
60th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1907      July 8, 1907          Do.
60th-62d........................  ......do..........  July 9, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d.............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1913      July 9, 1913          Do.
63d-65th........................  ......do..........  July 10, 1913     Mar. 3, 1919      Died Feb. 14, 1914.
63d.............................  William S. West...  Mar. 2, 1914      Nov. 3, 1914      By gov., to fill vac.
63d-65th........................  Thomas W. Hardwick  Nov. 4, 1914      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
66th-74th.......................  William J. Harris.  Mar. 4, 1919      Jan. 2, 1937      Died Apr. 18, 1932.
72d.............................  John S. Cohen.....  Apr. 25, 1932     Jan. 11, 1933     By gov., to fill vac.
72d-92d.........................  Richard B. Russell  Jan. 12, 1933     Jan. 2, 1973      Died Jan. 21, 1971.
92d.............................  David H. Gambrell.  Feb. 1, 1971      Nov. 7, 1972      By gov., to fill vac.
92d-104th.......................  Sam Nunn..........  Nov. 8, 1972      Jan. 2, 1997            (\6\)
105th-107th.....................  Max Cleland.......  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2003
108th-113th.....................  Saxby Chambliss...  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  David Perdue......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-6th.........................  James Gunn........  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  James Jackson.....  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Died Mar. 19, 1806.
9th-12th........................  John Milledge.....  June 19, 1806     Mar. 3, 1813      Res. Nov. 14, 1809.
11th-15th.......................  Charles Tait......  Nov. 27, 1809     Mar. 3, 1819      ......................
16th-18th.......................  John Elliott......  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-21st.......................  John Macpherson     Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      Res. Mar. 9, 1829.
                                   Berrien.
21st-24th.......................  John Forsyth......  Nov. 9, 1829      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. June 27, 1834.


[[Page 608]]


                                               GEORGIA--Continued
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23d-27th........................  Alfred Cuthbert...  Jan. 12, 1835     Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-30th.......................  Walter T. Colquitt  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      Res. Feb. 1848.
30th............................  Herschel V.         Feb. 4, 1848          Do.           By gov., to fill
                                   Johnson.                                                vac.\7\
31st-33d........................  William C. Dawson.  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  Alfred Iverson....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861            (\8\)
40th-42d........................  Joshua Hill.......  Feb. 1, 1871      Mar. 3, 1873            (\9\)
43d-48th........................  John B. Gordon....  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1885            (\10\)
46th............................  Joseph E. Brown...  May 26, 1880      Nov. 15, 1880     By gov., to fill vac.
46th-51st.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 16, 1880     Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  John B. Gordon....  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-63d........................  Alexander S. Clay.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1915      Died Nov. 13, 1910.
61st-63d........................  Joseph M. Terrell.  Nov. 17, 1910         Do.                 (\11\)
62d-66th........................  Hoke Smith........  Nov. 16, 1911     Mar. 3, 1921            (\12\)
67th-69th.......................  Thomas E. Watson..  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      Died Sept. 26, 1922.
67th............................  Rebecca L. Felton.  Oct. 3, 1922      Nov. 21, 1922     By gov., to fill vac.
67th-84th.......................  Walter F. George..  Nov. 22, 1922     Jan. 2, 1957      ......................
85th-96th.......................  Herman E. Talmadge  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1981
97th-99th.......................  Mack Mattingly....  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987
100th-102d......................  Wyche Fowler, Jr..  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 1993
103d-108th......................  Paul Coverdell....  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2005      Died July 18, 2000.
106th...........................  Zell Bryan Miller.  July 24, 2000     Nov. 6, 2000      By gov., to fill vac.
106th-108th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 2000      Jan. 2, 2005
109th-117th.....................  Johnny Isakson....  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2023      Res. Dec. 31, 2019.
116th...........................  Kelly Loeffler....  Jan. 6, 2020      Nov. 3, 2020      By gov., to fill vac.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Nov. 7, 1818. Served in House during interim. Resigned Feb. 17, 1819.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Nov. 12, 1847, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\3\Withdrew from the Senate Feb. 4, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from
  Feb. 4, 1861, to Feb. 23, 1871.
\4\Miller was elected July 28, 1868. His credentials were challenged, however, and he was not seated until Feb.
  24, 1871.
\5\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Nov. 13, 1871.  Foster Blodgett presented credentials, but was not permitted to
  qualify, and on Dec. 19, 1871, was adjudged not elected in accordance with the Constitution.
\6\Elected Nov. 7, 1972, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1973, and also to full term ending Jan. 2, 1979.
\7\Senator-elect in 1866, but was not permitted to qualify.
\8\Withdrew from Senate Jan. 28, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 28, 1861, to Jan. 31, 1871.
\9\Elected July 28, 1868, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867; credentials challenged; took oath Feb.
  1, 1871.
\10\Tendered resignation May 14, 1880, effective May 26, 1880.
\11\By governor, to fill vacancy.  Resigned July 14, 1911.
\12\Elected July 12, 1911. Took oath Dec. 4, 1911. Governor during interim.
 

                  
            1825  1826

                                                     HAWAII
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
86th-94th.......................  Hiram L. Fong.....  Aug. 21, 1959     Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-103d.......................  Spark M. Matsunaga  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1995      Died Apr. 15, 1990.
101st...........................  Daniel K. Akaka...  May 16, 1990      Nov. 6, 1990      By gov., to fill vac.
101st-112th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1990      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Mazie Hirono......  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
86th-87th.......................  Oren E. Long......  Aug. 21, 1959     Jan. 2, 1963      ......................
88th-114th......................  Daniel K. Inouye..  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 2017      Died Dec. 17, 2012.
112th-113th.....................  Brian Schatz......  Dec. 26, 2012     Nov. 4, 2014      By gov., to fill vac.
113th-117th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 2014      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

                See footnotes at end of Idaho table.

[[Page 609]]


                                                              1827  1828

                                                      IDAHO
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-56th.......................  George L. Shoup...  Dec. 18, 1890     Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Fred T. Dubois....  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
60th-77th.......................  William E. Borah..  Mar. 4, 1907      Jan. 2, 1943      Died Jan. 19, 1940.
76th............................  John Thomas.......  Jan. 27, 1940     Nov. 5, 1940      By gov., to fill vac.
76th-80th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1940      Jan. 2, 1949      Died Nov. 10, 1945.
79th............................  Charles C. Gossett  Nov. 17, 1945     Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
80th............................  Henry C. Dworshak.  Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-83d........................  Bert H. Miller....  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1955      Died Oct. 8, 1949.
81st............................  Henry C. Dworshak.  Oct. 14, 1949     Nov. 6, 1950      By gov., to fill vac.
81st-89th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1950      Jan. 2, 1967      Died July 23, 1962.
87th............................  Len B. Jordan.....  Aug. 6, 1962      Nov. 6, 1962      By gov., to fill vac.
87th-92d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1962      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
93d-101st.......................  James A. McClure..  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1991      ......................
102d-110th......................  Larry E. Craig....  Jan. 3, 1991      Jan. 2, 2009
111th-116th.....................  Jim Risch.........  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan 2. 2021       ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st............................  William J.          Dec. 18, 1890     Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
                                   McConnell.
52d-54th........................  Fred T. Dubois....  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  Henry Heitfeld....  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-63d........................  Weldon B. Heyburn.  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1915      Died Oct. 17, 1912.
62d.............................  Kirtland I. Perky.  Nov. 18, 1912     Feb. 5, 1913      By gov., to fill vac.
62d-66th........................  James H. Brady....  Feb. 6, 1913      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Jan. 13, 1918.
65th............................  John F. Nugent....  Jan. 22, 1918     Nov. 4, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
66th............................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 1918      Mar. 3, 1921      Res. Jan 14, 1921.
66th-72d........................  Frank R. Gooding..  Jan. 15, 1921     Mar. 3, 1933            (\1\)
70th............................  John Thomas.......  June 30, 1928     Nov. 5, 1928      By gov., to fill vac.
70th-72d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1928      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-75th........................  James P. Pope.....  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-78th.......................  D. Worth Clark....  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-81st.......................  Glen H. Taylor....  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-84th........................  Herman Welker.....  Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1957      ......................
85th-96th.......................  Frank Church......  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-102d.......................  Steven D. Symms...  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1993      ......................
103d-105th......................  Dirk Kempthorne...  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
106th-117th.....................  Mike Crapo........  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected to full term commencing Mar. 4, 1921; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Mar. 3, 1921. Died June 24, 1928.
 

                See footnotes at end of Illinois table.
                                                              1829  1830

                                                    ILLINOIS
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15th-20th.......................  Jesse B. Thomas...  Dec. 3, 1818      Mar. 3, 1829      ......................
21st-23d........................  John McLean.......  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      Died Oct. 14, 1830.
21st............................  David J. Baker....  Nov. 12, 1830     Dec. 11, 1830     By gov., to fill vac.
21st-26th.......................  John M. Robinson..  Dec. 11, 1830     Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  Samuel McRoberts..  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      Died Mar. 27, 1843.
28th............................  James Semple......  Aug. 16, 1843     Dec. 10, 1844     By gov., to fill vac.
28th-29th.......................  ......do..........  Dec. 11, 1844     Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-38th.......................  Stephen A. Douglas  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1865      Died June 3, 1861.
37th............................  Orville H.          June 26, 1861     Jan. 12, 1863     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Browning.
37th-38th.......................  William A.          Jan. 12, 1863     Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
                                   Richardson.
39th-41st.......................  Richard Yates.....  Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-44th........................  John A. Logan.....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-47th.......................  David Davis.......  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-62d........................  Shelby M. Cullom..  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  James Hamilton      Mar. 26, 1913     Mar. 3, 1919            (\1\)
                                   Lewis.
66th-68th.......................  Medill McCormick..  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      Died Feb. 25, 1925.
68th-71st.......................  Charles S. Deneen.  Feb. 26, 1925     Mar. 3, 1931            (\2\)
72d-77th........................  James Hamilton      Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1943      Died Apr. 9, 1939.
                                   Lewis.
76th............................  James M. Slattery.  Apr. 14, 1939     Nov. 21, 1940     By gov., to fill vac.
76th-80th.......................  C. Wayland Brooks.  Nov. 22, 1940     Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-89th.......................  Paul H. Douglas...  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967      ......................

[[Page 610]]

 
90th-98th.......................  Charles H. Percy..  Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1985      ......................
99th-104th......................  Paul Simon........  Jan. 3, 1985      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-116th.....................  Richard J. Durbin.  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15th-18th.......................  Ninian Edwards....  Dec. 3, 1818      Mar. 3, 1825      Res. Mar. 4, 1824.
18th............................  John McLean.......  Nov. 23, 1824         Do.           ......................
19th-24th.......................  Elias K. Kane.....  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1837      Died Dec. 11, 1835.
24th............................  William Lee D.      Dec. 30, 1835         Do.           ......................
                                   Ewing.
25th-27th.......................  Richard M. Young..  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-30th.......................  Sidney Breese.....  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-33d........................  James Shields.....  Oct. 27, 1849     Mar. 3, 1855            (\3\)
34th-42d........................  Lyman Trumbull....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  Richard J. Oglesby  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-51st.......................  John A. Logan.....  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1891      Died Dec. 26, 1886.
49th-51st.......................  Charles B. Farwell  Jan. 19, 1877         Do.           ......................
52d-54th........................  John McAuley        Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
                                   Palmer.
55th-57th.......................  William E. Mason..  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-60th.......................  Albert J. Hopkins.  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  William Lorimer...  June 18, 1909     Mar. 3, 1915            (\4\)
63d.............................  Lawrence Y.         Mar. 26, 1913         Do.                 (\5\)
                                   Sherman.
64th-66th.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  William B.          Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      Died Dec. 7, 1926.
                                   McKinley.
70th-72d........................  Frank L. Smith....  Mar. 4, 1927      Mar. 3, 1933            (\6\)
71st-72d........................  Otis F. Glenn.....  Dec. 3, 1928          Do.           ......................
73d-75th........................  William H.          Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
                                   Dieterich.
76th-81st.......................  Scott W. Lucas....  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-93d.........................  Everett McKinley    Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1975      Died Sept. 7, 1969.
                                   Dirksen.
91st............................  Ralph Tyler Smith.  Sept. 17, 1969    Nov. 16, 1970     By gov., to fill vac.
91st-96th.......................  Adlai E. Stevenson  Nov. 17, 1970     Jan. 2, 1981            (\7\)
                                   III.
97th-102d.......................  Alan J. Dixon.....  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1993      ......................
103d-105th......................  Carol Moseley-      Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
                                   Braun.
106th-108th.....................  Peter G.            Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
                                   Fitzgerald.
109th-111th.....................  Barack Obama......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2011      Res. Nov. 16, 2008.\8\
111th...........................  Roland Burris.....  Jan. 12, 2009     Nov. 29, 2010     By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\9\
111th-114th.....................  Mark Kirk.........  Nov. 29, 2010     Jan. 2, 2017            (\10\)
115th-117th.....................  Tammy Duckworth...  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Mar. 25, 1913, because of recess of legislature.
\2\Elected Nov. 4, 1924, for full term commencing Mar. 4, 1925; subsequently appointed by governor to fill
  vacancy in term ending Mar. 3, 1925.
\3\Elected for term commencing Mar. 4, 1849; took his seat on Mar. 6, 1849, but on Mar. 15, 1849, the Senate
  declared his election void on the ground that he had not been a citizen of the United States the number of
  years required by the Constitution; immediately elected for the same term. Vacancy from Mar. 16 to Oct. 27,
  1849.
\4\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to May 27, 1909, because of failure of legislature to elect, and also from May 27 to June
  17, 1909, because Mr. Lorimer did not resign his seat in the House of Representatives until the last named
  date. Election declared invalid July 13, 1912.
\5\Vacancy from July 14, 1912, to Mar. 25, 1913, because of recess of legislature.
\6\By governor, to fill vacancy, Dec. 16, 1926. Oath not administered. Elected for term beginning Mar. 4, 1927,
  but was not permitted to qualify. Resignation sent to governor of Illinois, Feb. 9, 1928. Vacancy from Dec. 8,
  1926, to Dec. 2. 1928.
\7\Elected Nov. 3, 1970, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1975.
\8\Resigned Nov. 16, 2008, having been elected President of the United States for the 56th term on Nov. 4, 2008.
  Vacancy from Nov. 17, 2008, to Jan. 11, 2009.
\9\Appointed Dec. 31, 2008, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 2011, but credentials were not found to be in
  order until Jan. 12, 2009.
\10\Elected in a special election to fill remainder of term ending Jan. 2, 2011, and simultaneously elected to
  full term beginning Jan. 3, 2011.
 

                See footnotes at end of Indiana table.
            1831  1832

                                                     INDIANA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14th-22d........................  James Noble.......  Dec. 11, 1816     Mar. 3, 1833      Died Feb. 26, 1831.
22d.............................  Robert Hanna......  Aug. 19, 1831     Jan. 3, 1832      By gov., to fill vac.

[[Page 611]]

 
22d-25th........................  John Tipton.......  Jan. 3, 1832      Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  Albert S. White...  Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1845      ......................
29th-37th.......................  Jesse D. Bright...  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1863      Exp. Feb. 5, 1862.
37th............................  Joseph A. Wright..  Feb. 24, 1862     Jan. 14, 1863     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  David Turpie......  Jan. 14, 1863     Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
37th-40th.......................  Thomas A.           Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
                                   Hendricks.
41st-43d........................  Daniel D. Pratt...  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Joseph E. McDonald  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  Benjamin Harrison.  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-55th.......................  David Turpie......  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-61st.......................  Albert J.           Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
                                   Beveridge.
62d-64th........................  John W. Kern......  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-67th.......................  Harry S. New......  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-70th.......................  Samuel M. Ralston.  Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      Died Oct. 14, 1925.
69th............................  Arthur R. Robinson  Oct. 20, 1925     Nov. 2, 1926      By gov., to fill vac.
69th-73d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1926      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  Sherman Minton....  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
77th-79th.......................  Raymond E. Willis.  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-85th.......................  William E. Jenner.  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-94th.......................  Vance Hartke......  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-112th......................  Richard G. Lugar..  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 2013
113th-115th.....................  Joe Donnelly......  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2019
116th-118th.....................  Mike Braun........  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14th-18th.......................  Waller Taylor.....  Dec. 11, 1816     Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-24th.......................  William Hendricks.  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1837      ......................
25th-27th.......................  Oliver H. Smith...  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-30th.......................  Edward A. Hannegan  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-33d........................  James Whitcomb....  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      Died Oct. 4, 1852.
32d.............................  Charles W.          Nov. 23, 1852     Jan. 11, 1853     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Cathcart.
32d-33d.........................  John Petit........  Jan. 11, 1853     Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  Graham N. Fitch...  Feb. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1861            (\1\)
37th-39th.......................  Henry S. Lane.....  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-45th.......................  Oliver H. P. T.     Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1879      Died Nov. 1, 1877.
                                   Morton.
45th............................  Daniel W. Voorhees  Nov. 6, 1877      Jan. 30, 1879     By gov., to fill vac.
45th-54th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 31, 1879     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-60th.......................  Charles W.          Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1909      Res. Mar. 3, 1905.
                                   Fairbanks.
59th-60th.......................  James A. Hemenway.  Mar. 4, 1905          Do.           ......................
61st-66th.......................  Benjamin F.         Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Mar. 14, 1916.
                                   Shively.
64th............................  Thomas Taggart....  Mar. 20, 1916     Nov. 7, 1916      By gov., to fill vac.
64th-72d........................  James E. Watson...  Nov. 8, 1916      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-78th........................  Frederick Van Nuys  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1945      Died Jan. 25, 1944.
78th............................  Samuel D. Jackson.  Jan. 28, 1944     Nov. 13, 1944     By gov., to fill vac.
78th............................  William E. Jenner.  Nov. 14, 1944     Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-87th.......................  Homer E. Capehart.  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1963      ......................
88th-96th.......................  Birch Bayh........  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-102d.......................  Dan Quayle........  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1993      Res. Jan. 2, 1989.\2\
101st...........................  Dan Coats.........  Jan. 3, 1989      Nov. 6, 1990      By gov., to fill vac.
101st-105th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1990      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
106th-111th.....................  Evan Bayh.........  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2011
112th-114th.....................  Dan Coats.........  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2017      ......................
115th-117th.....................  Todd Young........  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1855, to Feb. 3, 1857.
\2\Resigned Jan. 2, 1989, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 51st term on Nov. 8,
  1988.
 

                See footnotes at end of Iowa table.
                                                        
                                                                1833  1834

                                                      IOWA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30th-35th.......................  George W. Jones...  Dec. 7, 1848      Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-41st.......................  James W. Grimes...  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1871      Res. Dec. 6, 1869.

[[Page 612]]

 
41st............................  James B. Howell...  Jan. 18, 1870         Do.           ......................
42d-44th........................  George G. Wright..  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-47th.......................  Samuel J. Kirkwood  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      Res. Mar. 7, 1881.
47th............................  James W. McDill...  Mar. 8, 1881      Jan. 17, 1882     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 18, 1882     Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-53d........................  James F. Wilson...  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-59th.......................  John H. Gear......  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1907      Died July 14, 1900.
56th............................  Jonathan P.         Aug. 22, 1900     Mar. 3, 1901      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Dolliver.
57th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1901      Jan. 20, 1902         Do.
57th-62d........................  ......do..........  Jan. 21, 1902     Mar. 3, 1913      Died Oct. 15, 1910.
61st-62d........................  Lafayette Young...  Nov. 12, 1910     Apr. 11, 1911     By gov., to fill vac.
62d-68th........................  William S. Kenyon.  Apr. 12, 1911     Mar. 3, 1925      Res. Feb. 24, 1922.
67th............................  Charles A. Rawson.  Feb. 24, 1922     Nov. 7, 1922      By gov., to fill vac.
67th-68th.......................  Smith W. Brookhart  Nov. 8, 1922      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931            (\1\)
  Do............................  Daniel F. Steck...  Apr. 12, 1926         Do.                 (\2\)
72d-74th........................  L. J. Dickinson...  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-77th.......................  Clyde L. Herring..  Jan. 15, 1937     Jan. 2, 1943            (\3\)
78th-80th.......................  George A. Wilson..  Jan. 14, 1943     Jan. 2, 1949            (\4\)
81st-83d........................  Guy M. Gillette...  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
84th-86th.......................  Thomas E. Martin..  Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1961      ......................
87th-92d........................  Jack Miller.......  Jan. 3, 1961      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
93d-95th........................  Dick Clark........  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-98th.......................  Roger W. Jepsen...  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1985      ......................
99th-113th......................  Thomas R. Harkin..  Jan. 3, 1985      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Joni Ernst........  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30th-33d........................  Augustus C. Dodge.  Dec. 7, 1848      Mar. 3, 1855      Res. Feb. 22, 1855.
34th-36th.......................  James Harlan......  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861            (\5\)
34th-39th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 17, 1857     Mar. 3, 1867            (\6\)
39th............................  Samuel J. Kirkwood  Jan. 13, 1866         Do.           ......................
40th-42d........................  James Harlan......  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-60th........................  William B. Allison  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1909            (\7\)
60th-69th.......................  Albert B. Cummins.  Nov. 24, 1908     Mar. 3, 1927      Died July 30, 1926.
69th............................  David W. Stewart..  Aug. 7, 1926      Nov. 9, 1926      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Nov. 10, 1926     Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-72d........................  Smith W. Brookhart  Mar. 4, 1927      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-75th........................  Richard Louis       Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939            (\8\)
                                   Murphy.
74th-78th.......................  Guy M. Gillette...  Nov. 4, 1936      Jan. 2, 1945
79th-90th.......................  Bourke B.           Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
                                   Hickenlooper.
91st-93d........................  Harold E. Hughes..  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1975      ......................
94th-96th.......................  John C. Culver....  Jan. 3, 1975      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-117th......................  Charles E.          Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
                                   Grassley.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Election declared invalid, Apr. 12, 1926.
\2\ Successfully contested the election of Smith W. Brookhart and took his seat Apr. 12, 1926.
\3\ Elected Nov. 3, 1936. Governor during interim.
\4\ Elected Nov. 3, 1942. Governor during interim.
\5\ Seat declared vacant Jan. 12, 1857.
\6\ Resigned May 15, 1865. Vacancy from May 16, 1865, to Jan. 12, 1866.
\7\ Died Aug. 4, 1908. Vacancy from Aug. 4 to Nov. 24, 1908, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\8\ Died July 16, 1936. Vacancy from July 17 to Nov. 3, 1936, when a successor was elected.
 

                See footnotes at end of Kansas table.
            1835  1836

                                                     KANSAS
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37th-41st.......................  James H. Lane.....  Apr. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1871      Died July 11, 1866.
39th............................  Edmund G. Ross....  July 19, 1866     Jan. 22, 1867     By gov., to fill vac.
39th-41st.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 23, 1867     Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-44th........................  Alexander Caldwell  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      Res. Mar. 24, 1873.
43d.............................  Robert Crozier....  Nov. 24, 1873     Feb. 12, 1874     By gov., to fill vac.
43d-44th........................  James M. Harvey...  Feb. 12, 1874     Mar. 3, 1877      ......................

[[Page 613]]

 
45th-53d........................  Preston B. Plumb..  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1895      Died Dec. 20, 1891.
52d.............................  Bishop W. Perkins.  Jan. 1, 1892      Mar. 3, 1893      By gov., to fill vac.
53d.............................  John Martin.......  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-56th.......................  Lucien Baker......  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Joseph R. Burton..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      Res. June 4, 1906.
59th............................  Alfred W. Benson..  June 11, 1906     Jan. 23, 1907     By gov., to fill vac.
59th-62d........................  Charles Curtis....  Jan. 29, 1907     Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  William H.          Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
                                   Thompson.
66th-80th.......................  Arthur Capper.....  Mar. 4, 1919      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-89th.......................  Andrew F.           Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967      Died Jan. 21, 1962.
                                   Schoeppel.
87th............................  James B. Pearson..  Jan. 31, 1962     Nov. 5, 1962      By gov., to fill vac.
87th-95th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1962      Jan. 2, 1979      Res. Dec. 23, 1978.
95th-104th......................  Nancy L. Kassebaum  Dec. 23, 1978     Jan. 2, 1997            (\1\)
105th-116th.....................  Pat Roberts.......  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37th-42d........................  Samuel C. Pomeroy.  Apr. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-51st........................  John J. Ingalls...  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  William A. Peffer.  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  William A. Harris.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-60th.......................  Chester I. Long...  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  Joseph L. Bristow.  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-72d........................  Charles Curtis....  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1933      Res. Mar. 3, 1929.\2\
71st............................  Henry J. Allen....  Apr. 1, 1929      Nov. 30, 1930     By gov., to fill vac.
71st-75th.......................  George McGill.....  Dec. 1, 1930      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-81st.......................  Clyde M. Reed.....  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1951      Died Nov. 8, 1949.
81st............................  Harry Darby.......  Dec. 2, 1949      Nov. 28, 1950     By gov., to fill vac.
81st-90th.......................  Frank Carlson.....  Nov. 29, 1950     Jan. 2, 1969            (\3\)
91st-104th......................  Robert Dole.......  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1999      Res. June 11, 1996.
104th...........................  Sheila Frahm......  June 11, 1996     Nov. 5, 1996      By gov., to fill vac.
104th-111th.....................  Sam Brownback.....  Nov. 7, 1996      Jan. 2, 2011            (\4\)
112th-117th.....................  Jerry Moran.......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2. 1979.
\2\ Resigned Mar. 3, 1929, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 36th term on Nov. 6,
  1928.
\3\ Elected Nov. 7, 1950, to fill unexpired term ending Jan. 2, 1951, and also to full term ending Jan. 2, 1957.
\4\ Elected on Nov. 5, 1996, to unexpired term ending Jan. 2, 1999. Resigned from the House of Representatives
  on Nov. 27, retroactive to Nov. 7, 1996. Sworn in on Nov. 27.
 

                See footnotes at end of Kentucky table.
                                                              
                                                              1837  1838

                                                    KENTUCKY
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2d-8th..........................  John Brown........  June 18, 1792     Mar. 3, 1805      ......................
9th-11th........................  Buckner Thruston..  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1811      Res. Dec. 18, 1809.
11th............................  Henry Clay........  Jan. 4, 1810          Do.           ......................
12th-14th.......................  George M. Bibb....  Mar. 4, 1811      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Aug. 23, 1814.
13th............................  George Walker.....  Aug. 30, 1814     Feb. 1, 1815      By gov., to fill vac.
13th-14th.......................  William T. Barry..  Feb. 2, 1815      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. May 1, 1816.
14th............................  Martin D. Hardin..  Nov. 13, 1816     Dec. 4, 1816      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Dec. 5, 1816      Mar. 3, 1817      ......................
15th-17th.......................  John J. Crittenden  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      Res. Mar. 3, 1819.
16th-20th.......................  Richard M. Johnson  Dec. 10, 1819     Mar. 3, 1829      ......................
21st-23d........................  George M. Bibb....  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
24th-26th.......................  John J. Crittenden  Mar. 4, 1835      Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  James T. Morehead.  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-32d........................  Joseph R.           Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
                                   Underwood.
33d-35th........................  John B. Thompson..  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  Lazarus W. Powell.  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
39th-41st.......................  James Guthrie.....  Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1871      Res. Feb. 7, 1868.
40th-41st.......................  Thomas C. McCreery  Feb. 19, 1868         Do.           ......................
42d-44th........................  John W. Stevenson.  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................

[[Page 614]]

 
45th-53d........................  James B. Beck.....  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1895      Died May 3, 1890.
51st-53d........................  John G. Carlisle..  May 17, 1890          Do.           Res. Feb. 4, 1893.
52d-56th........................  William Lindsay...  Feb. 15, 1893     Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Joseph C. S.        Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
                                   Blackburn.
60th-62d........................  Thomas H. Paynter.  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  Ollie M. James....  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      Died Aug. 28, 1918.
65th............................  George B. Martin..  Sept. 7, 1918         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
66th-68th.......................  A. Owsley Stanley.  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  Fred M. Sackett...  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      Res. Jan. 9, 1930.
71st............................  John M. Robsion...  Jan. 11, 1930     Nov. 30, 1930     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Ben M. Williamson.  Dec. 1, 1930      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-77th........................  Marvel M. Logan...  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1943      Died Oct. 3, 1939.
76th............................  Albert B. Chandler  Oct. 10, 1939     Nov. 5, 1940      By gov., to fill vac.
76th-80th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1940      Jan. 2, 1949      Res. Nov. 1, 1945.
79th............................  William A.          Nov. 19, 1945     Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Stanfill.
80th............................  John Sherman        Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
                                   Cooper.
81st-83d........................  Virgil Chapman....  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1955      Died Mar. 8, 1951.
82d.............................  Thomas R.           Mar. 19, 1951     Nov. 4, 1952      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Underwood.
82d-83d.........................  John Sherman        Nov. 5, 1952      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
                                   Cooper.
84th-86th.......................  Alben W. Barkley..  Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1961      Died Apr. 30, 1956.
84th............................  Robert Humphreys..  June 21, 1956     Nov. 6, 1956      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\1\
85th-92d........................  John Sherman        Nov. 7, 1956      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
                                   Cooper.
93d-98th........................  Walter D.           Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1985      ......................
                                   Huddleston.
99th-116th......................  Mitch McConnell...  Jan. 3, 1985      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2d-3d...........................  John Edwards......  June 18, 1792     Mar. 3, 1795      ......................
4th-6th.........................  Humphrey Marshall.  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  John Breckinridge.  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Res. Aug. 7, 1805.
9th.............................  John Adair........  Nov. 8, 1805          Do.           Res. Nov. 18, 1806.
  Do............................  Henry Clay........  Dec. 29, 1806         Do.           ......................
10th-12th.......................  John Pope.........  Mar. 4, 1807      Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Jesse Bledsoe.....  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      Res. Jan. 14, 1815.\2\
  Do............................  Isham Talbot......  Feb. 2, 1815          Do.           ......................
16th-18th.......................  William Logan.....  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      Res. May 28, 1820.
  Do............................  Isham Talbot......  Oct. 19, 1820         Do.           ......................
19th-21st.......................  John Rowan........  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-27th........................  Henry Clay........  Nov. 10, 1831     Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Mar. 31, 1842.
27th-30th.......................  John J. Crittenden  Mar. 31, 1842     Mar. 3, 1849      Res. June 12, 1848.
30th............................  Thomas Metcalfe...  June 23, 1848     Jan. 2, 1849      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 1849      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-33d........................  Henry Clay........  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855            (\3\)
32d.............................  David Meriwether..  July 6, 1852      Sept. 1, 1852     By gov., to fill vac.
32d-33d.........................  Archibald Dixon...  Sept. 1, 1852     Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  John J. Crittenden  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  John C.             Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      Exp. Dec. 4, 1861.
                                   Breckinridge.
37th-42d........................  Garrett Davis.....  Dec. 10, 1861     Mar. 3, 1873      Died Sept. 22, 1872.
42d.............................  Willis B. Machen..  Sept. 27, 1872    Jan. 20, 1873     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 21, 1873     Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  Thomas C. McCreery  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  John Stuart         Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
                                   Williams.
49th-54th.......................  Joseph C. S.        Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
                                   Blackburn.
55th-57th.......................  William J. Deboe..  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-60th.......................  James B. McCreary.  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  William O. Bradley  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      Died May 23, 1914.
63d.............................  Johnson N. Camden,  June 16, 1914     Nov. 2, 1914      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Jr..
  Do............................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1914      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-66th.......................  John C. W. Beckham  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  Richard P. Ernst..  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-81st.......................  Alben W. Barkley..  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1951            (\4\)
81st............................  Garrett L. Withers  Jan. 20, 1949     Nov. 26, 1950     By gov., to fill vac.
81st-84th.......................  Earle C. Clements.  Nov. 27, 1950     Jan. 2, 1957            (\5\)
85th-90th.......................  Thruston B. Morton  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1969      Res. Dec. 16, 1968.
90th-93d........................  Marlow W. Cook....  Dec. 17, 1968     Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 27, 1974.\6\
93d-105th.......................  Wendell H. Ford...  Dec. 28, 1974     Jan. 2, 1999            (\7\)
106th-111th.....................  Jim Bunning.......  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2011


[[Page 615]]


                                               KENTUCKY--Continued
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
112th-117th.....................  Rand Paul.........  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Joseph J. Leary appointed June 18, 1956, to fill vacancy, but declined to serve.
\2\Resignation offered Dec. 24, 1814, but remained on Senate payroll until Jan. 14, 1815.
\3\Resigned Dec. 17, 1851, to take effect first Monday in Sept. 1852. Died June 29, 1852.
\4\Resigned Jan. 19, 1949, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 41st term on Nov. 2,
  1948.
\5\Elected Nov. 7, 1950, for vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1951, and at the same time, elected for full term
  beginning Jan. 3, 1951. Oath administered Nov. 27, 1950.
\6\Elected to six-year term commencing Jan. 3, 1969; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1969.
\7\Elected to six-year term commencing Jan. 3, 1975; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1975.
 

                See footnotes at end of Louisiana table.
                                                              
                                                              
                                                              1839  1840

                                                    LOUISIANA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12th-14th.......................  Jean N. Destrehan.  Sept. 3, 1812     Mar. 3, 1817            (\1\)
12th............................  Thomas Posey......  Oct. 8, 1812      Feb. 4, 1813      By gov., to fill vac.
12th-14th.......................  James Brown.......  Feb. 5, 1813      Mar. 3, 1817      Elect. Dec. 1, 1812.
15th-17th.......................  William C. C.       Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      Died Nov. 23, 1817.
                                   Claiborne.
15th-20th.......................  Henry Johnson.....  Jan. 12, 1818     Mar. 3, 1829      Res. May 27, 1824.
18th-20th.......................  Dominique Bouligny  Nov. 19, 1824         Do.           ......................
21st-23d........................  Edward Livingston.  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. May 24, 1831.
22d-23d.........................  George A. Waggaman  Nov. 15, 1831         Do.           ......................
24th-26th.......................  Robert C. Nicholas  Jan. 13, 1836     Mar. 3, 1841            (\2\)
27th-29th.......................  Alexander Barrow..  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      Died Dec. 29, 1846.
29th............................  Pierre Soule......  Jan. 21, 1847         Do.           ......................
30th-32d........................  Solomon W. Downs..  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-38th........................  Judah P. Benjamin.  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1865            (\3\)
40th-41st.......................  John S. Harris....  July 9, 1868      Mar. 3, 1871            (\4\)
42d-44th........................  J. Rodman West....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-47th.......................  William P. Kellogg  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-53d........................  Randall L. Gibson.  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      Died Dec. 15, 1892.
52d-53d.........................  Donelson Caffery..  Dec. 31, 1892     May 22, 1894      By gov., to fill vac.
53d-56th........................  ......do..........  May 23, 1894      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-62d........................  Murphy J. Foster..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-71st........................  Joseph E. Ransdell  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-74th........................  Huey P. Long......  Jan. 25, 1932     Jan. 2, 1937            (\5\)
74th............................  Rose McConnell      Jan. 31, 1936     Apr. 20, 1936     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Long.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Apr. 21, 1936     Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-92d........................  Allen J. Ellender.  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1973      Died July 27, 1972.
92d.............................  Elaine S. Edwards.  Aug. 1, 1972          Do.                 (\6\)
92d-104th.......................  J. Bennett          Nov. 14, 1972     Jan. 2, 1997            (\7\)
                                   Johnston, Jr..
105th-113th.....................  Mary L. Landrieu..  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2015
114th-116th.....................  Bill Cassidy......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12th............................  Allan B. Magruder.  Sept. 3, 1812     Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Eligius Fromentin.  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      ......................
16th-18th.......................  James Brown.......  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      Res. Dec. 10, 1823.
18th-24th.......................  Josiah S. Johnston  Jan. 15, 1824     Mar. 3, 1837      Died May 19, 1833.\8\
23d-24th........................  Alexander Porter..  Dec. 19, 1833         Do.           Res. Jan. 5, 1837.
24th-27th.......................  Alexander Mouton..  Jan. 12, 1837     Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Mar. 1, 1842.
27th............................  Charles M. Conrad.  Apr. 14, 1842         Do.           ......................
28th-30th.......................  Henry Johnson.....  Feb. 12, 1844     Mar. 3, 1849            (\9\)
31st-33d........................  Pierre Soule......  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      Res. Apr. 11, 1853.
33d-36th........................  John Slidell......  Apr. 28, 1853     Mar. 3, 1861            (\10\)
40th-44th.......................  William P. Kellogg  July 9, 1868      Mar. 3, 1873            (\11\)
44th-45th.......................  James B. Eustis...  Jan. 12, 1876     Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  Benjamin F. Jonas.  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-51st.......................  James B. Eustis...  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  Edward D. White...  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      Res. Mar. 12, 1894.
53d.............................  Newton C.           Mar. 12, 1894     May 22, 1894      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Blanchard.
53d-54th........................  ......do..........  May 23, 1894      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................


[[Page 616]]


                                              LOUISIANA--Continued
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
55th-63d........................  Samuel D. McEnery.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1915      Died June 28, 1910.
61st-63d........................  John R. Thornton..  Dec. 7, 1910      Mar. 3, 1915            (\12\)
64th-66th.......................  Robert F.           Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Apr. 12, 1918.
                                   Broussard.
65th............................  Walter Guion......  Apr. 22, 1918     Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
65th-66th.......................  Edward J. Gay.....  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-72d........................  Edwin S. Broussard  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-81st........................  John H. Overton...  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1951      Died May 14, 1948.
80th............................  William C. Feazel.  May 18, 1948      Dec. 30, 1948     By gov., to fill vac.
80th-99th.......................  Russell B. Long...  Dec. 31, 1948     Jan. 2, 1987            (\13\)
100th-108th.....................  John B. Breaux....  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
109th-114th.....................  David Vitter......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2017      ......................
115th-117th.....................  John Kennedy......  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Not sworn. Resigned Oct. 1, 1812.
\2\Elected in place of Chas. E. A. Gayarre, who did not qualify. Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1835, to Jan. 13, 1836.
\3\Withdrew Feb. 4, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Feb. 4, 1861,
  to July 9, 1868, when Louisiana was readmitted to representation.
\4\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated July 17, 1868.
\5\Elected Nov. 4, 1930. Took oath Jan. 25, 1932. Governor during interim. Died Sept. 10, 1935. Vacancy from
  Sept. 11, 1935, to Jan. 30, 1936.
\6\By governor, to fill vacancy. Resigned, effective Nov. 13, 1972.
\7\Elected to six-year term commencing Jan. 3, 1973; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1973.
\8\Vacancy from May 20 to Dec. 18, 1833.
\9\Alexander Porter was elected for this term, but he did not present credentials nor qualify. Vacancy from Mar.
  4, 1843, to Feb. 12, 1844.
\10\Withdrew from the Senate Feb. 4, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Feb. 4, 1861, to July 9, 1868,
  when Louisiana was readmitted to representation.
\11\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867. Seated July 17, 1868. Resigned Nov. 1, 1872.
  Vacancy from Nov. 1, 1872, to Jan. 12, 1876.
\12\Vacancy from June 29 to Dec. 6, 1910.
\13\Elected Nov. 2, 1948, for term ending Jan. 2, 1951. Oath administered Dec. 31, 1948.
 

                  
                See footnotes at end of Main table.
                
            1841  1842

                                                      MAINE
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16th-19th.......................  John Holmes.......  June 13, 1820     Mar. 3, 1827      ......................
20th-22d........................  Albion K. Parris..  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Aug. 26, 1828.
  Do............................  John Holmes.......  Jan. 15, 1829         Do.           ......................
23d-25th........................  Ether Shepley.....  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      Res. Mar. 3, 1836.
24th............................  Judah Dana........  Dec. 7, 1836      Mar. 3, 1837      By gov., to fill vac.
25th-28th.......................  Reuel Williams....  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1845      Res. Feb. 15, 1843.
28th-31st.......................  John Fairfield....  Mar. 7, 1843      Mar. 3, 1851      Died Dec. 24, 1847.
30th............................  Wyman B. S. Moor..  Jan. 5, 1848      June 7, 1848      By gov., to fill vac.
30th-34th.......................  Hannibal Hamlin...  June 8, 1848      Mar. 3, 1857      Res. Jan. 7, 1857.
34th............................  Amos Nourse.......  Jan. 16, 1857         Do.           ......................
35th-37th.......................  Hannibal Hamlin...  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863            (\1\)
36th-40th.......................  Lot Myrick Morrill  Jan. 17, 1861     Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-46th.......................  Hannibal Hamlin...  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-61st.......................  Eugene Hale.......  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  Charles F. Johnson  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-76th.......................  Frederick Hale....  Mar. 4, 1917      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
77th-82d........................  Ralph O. Brewster.  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1953      Res. Dec. 31, 1952.
83d-85th........................  Frederick G. Payne  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-97th.......................  Edmund S. Muskie..  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1983      Res. May 7, 1980.
96th............................  George J. Mitchell  May 17, 1980      Jan. 2, 1983      By gov., to fill vac.
96th-103d.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 1983      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-112th.....................  Olympia J. Snowe..  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Angus King........  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16th-20th.......................  John Chandler.....  June 14, 1820     Mar. 3, 1829      ......................
21st-23d........................  Peleg Sprague.....  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. Jan. 1, 1835.
23d-26th........................  John Ruggles......  Jan. 20, 1835     Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  George Evans......  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      ......................


[[Page 617]]


                                                MAINE--Continued
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30th-32d........................  James W. Bradbury.  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-38th........................  William Pitt        Feb. 10, 1854     Mar. 3, 1865      Res. July 1, 1864.
                                   Fessenden.
38th............................  Nathan A. Farwell.  Oct. 27, 1864     Jan. 10, 1865     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 11, 1865     Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
39th-41st.......................  William Pitt        Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1871      Died Sept. 8, 1869.
                                   Fessenden.
41st............................  Lot Myrick Morrill  Oct. 30, 1869     Jan. 18, 1870     By gov., to fill vac.
41st-44th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 19, 1870     Mar. 3, 1877      Res. July 7, 1876.
44th............................  James G. Blaine...  July 10, 1876     Jan. 16, 1877     By gov., to fill vac.
44th-47th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 17, 1877     Mar. 3, 1883      Res. Mar. 5, 1881.
47th-62d........................  William P. Frye...  Mar. 18, 1881     Mar. 3, 1913            (\2\)
62d.............................  Obadiah Gardner...  Sept. 23, 1911    Apr. 1, 1912      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Apr. 2, 1912      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  Edwin C. Burleigh.  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      Died June 16, 1916.\3\
64th-71st.......................  Bert M. Fernald...  Sept. 12, 1916    Mar. 3, 1931      Died Aug. 23, 1926.
69th-71st.......................  Arthur R. Gould...  Nov. 30, 1926     Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-80th........................  Wallace H. White,   Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
                                   Jr..
81st-92d........................  Margaret Chase      Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
                                   Smith.
93d-95th........................  William D.          Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
                                   Hathaway.
96th-104th......................  William S. Cohen..  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-116th.....................  Susan M. Collins..  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned Jan. 7, 1861, to take effect Jan. 17, 1861, having been elected Vice President of the United States
  for the 19th term on Nov. 6, 1860.
\2\Elected Mar. 15, 1881. Resigned From House Mar. 17, 1881. Died Aug. 8, 1911.
\3\Vacancy from June 17 to Sept. 11, 1916, because of recess of legislature.
 

                See footnotes at end of Maryland table.
                                                              
                                                              1843  1844

                                                    MARYLAND
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-4th.........................  C. Carroll, of      Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1797      Res. Nov. 30, 1792.
                                   Carrollton.
2d-4th..........................  Richard Potts.....  Jan. 10, 1793         Do.           Res. Oct. 24, 1796.
4th-7th.........................  John E. Howard....  Nov. 21, 1796     Mar. 3, 1803      ......................
8th-10th........................  Samuel Smith......  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      ......................
11th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1809      Nov. 15, 1809     By gov., to fill vac.
11th-13th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 16, 1809     Mar. 3, 1815      ......................
14th-16th.......................  Robert G. Harper..  Jan. 29, 1816     Mar. 3, 1821            (\1\)
  Do............................  Alexander Contee    Dec. 20, 1816         Do.           Died Apr. 23, 1819.
                                   Hanson.
16th-19th.......................  William Pinkney...  Dec. 21, 1819     Mar. 3, 1827      Died Feb. 25, 1822.
17th-23d........................  Samuel Smith......  Dec. 16, 1822     Mar. 3, 1833      ......................
23d-25th........................  Joseph Kent.......  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      Died Nov. 24, 1837.
25th-28th.......................  William D. Merrick  Jan. 4, 1838      Mar. 3, 1845      ......................
29th-31st.......................  Reverdy Johnson...  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Res. Mar. 7, 1849.
31st............................  David Stewart.....  Dec. 6, 1849      Jan. 12, 1850     By gov., to fill vac.
31st-34th.......................  Thomas G. Pratt...  Jan. 12, 1850     Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Anthony Kennedy...  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
38th-40th.......................  Reverdy Johnson...  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      Res. July 10, 1868.
40th............................  William Pinkney     July 13, 1868         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Whyte.
41st-43d........................  William T.          Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
                                   Hamilton.
44th-46th.......................  William Pinkney     Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
                                   Whyte.
47th-55th.......................  Arthur P. Gorman..  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-58th.......................  Louis E. McComas..  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
59th-64th.......................  Isidor Rayner.....  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1917      Died Nov. 25, 1912.
62d-63d.........................  William P. Jackson  Nov. 29, 1912     Jan. 28, 1914     By gov., to fill vac.
63d-64th........................  Blair Lee.........  Jan. 29, 1914     Mar. 3, 1917
65th-67th.......................  Joseph L. France..  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-70th.......................  William Cabell      Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
                                   Bruce.
71st-73d........................  Phillips Lee        Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
                                   Goldsborough.
74th-79th.......................  George L.P.         Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
                                   Radcliffe.
80th-82d........................  Herbert R. O'Conor  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-88th........................  J. Glenn Beall....  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1965      ......................
89th-91st.......................  Joseph D. Tydings.  Jan. 3, 1965      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92d-94th........................  J. Glenn Beall,     Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
                                   Jr..
95th-109th......................  Paul S. Sarbanes..  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................

[[Page 618]]

 
110th-118th.....................  Benjamin L. Cardin  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-6th.........................  John Henry........  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1801      Res. July 10, 1797.
5th-6th.........................  James Lloyd.......  Dec. 8, 1797          Do.           Res. Dec. 1, 1800.
6th.............................  William Hindman...  Dec. 12, 1800         Do.           ......................
7th.............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1801      Nov. 19, 1801     By gov., to fill vac.
7th-9th.........................  Robert Wright.....  Nov. 19, 1801     Mar. 3, 1807      Res. Nov. 12, 1806.
9th-12th........................  Philip Reed.......  Nov. 25, 1806     Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Robert H.           May 21, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819            (\2\)
                                   Goldsborough.
16th-21st.......................  Edward Lloyd......  Dec. 27, 1819     Mar. 3, 1831      Res. Jan. 14, 1826.
19th-24th.......................  Ezekiel F.          Jan. 24, 1826     Mar. 3, 1837      Res. Dec. 20, 1834.
                                   Chambers.
23d-24th........................  Robert H.           Jan. 13, 1835         Do.           Died Oct. 5, 1936.
                                   Goldsborough.
24th-27th.......................  John S. Spence....  Dec. 31, 1836     Mar. 3, 1843      Died Oct. 24, 1840.
26th-27th.......................  John Leeds Kerr...  Jan. 5, 1841          Do.           ......................
28th-29th.......................  James A. Pearce...  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1867      Died Dec. 20, 1862.
37th-38th.......................  Thomas H. Hicks...  Dec. 29, 1862     Jan. 11, 1864     By gov., to fill vac.
38th-39th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 12, 1864     Mar. 3, 1867      Died Feb. 14, 1865.
39th............................  John A. J.          Mar. 9, 1865          Do.           ......................
                                   Creswell.
40th-42d........................  George Vickers....  Mar. 7, 1868      Mar. 3, 1873            (\3\)
43d-45th........................  George R. Dennis..  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  James B. Groome...  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-51st.......................  Ephraim King        Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1891            (\4\)
                                   Wilson.
52d.............................  Charles H. Gibson.  Nov. 19, 1891     Jan. 21, 1892     By gov., to fill vac.
52d-54th........................  ......do..........  Jan. 21, 1892     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  George L.           Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
                                   Wellington.
58th-60th.......................  Arthur P. Gorman..  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      Died June 4, 1906.
59th-60th.......................  William Pinkney     June 8, 1906      Jan. 14, 1908     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Whyte.
60th............................  ......do..........  Jan. 15, 1908     Mar. 3, 1909      Died Mar. 17, 1908.
60th-66th.......................  John Walter Smith.  Mar. 25, 1908     Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  Ovington E. Weller  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-81st.......................  Millard E. Tydings  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-87th........................  John Marshall       Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1963      ......................
                                   Butler.
88th-90th.......................  Daniel B. Brewster  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-99th.......................  Charles McC.        Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
                                   Mathias, Jr..
100th-114th.....................  Barbara A.          Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2017      ......................
                                   Mikulski.
115th-117th.....................  Chris Van Hollen..  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1815, to Jan. 28, 1816, due to failure of legislature to elect. Resigned Dec. 6, 1816.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1813, to May 20, 1813, due to failure of legislature to elect.
\3\Philip F. Thomas was elected but was not permitted to qualify. Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1867, to Mar. 6, 1868.
\4\Died Feb. 24, 1891. Had been reelected on Jan. 15, 1890, for the term beginning Mar. 4, 1891. Vacancy from
  Feb. 25 to Nov. 18, 1891, because of recess of legislature.
 

                See footnotes at end of Massachusetts table.
                
                
            1845  1846

                                                  MASSACHUSETTS
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st.............................  Tristram Dalton...  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1791      ......................
2d-4th..........................  George Cabot......  Mar. 4, 1791      Mar. 3, 1797      Res. June 9, 1796.
4th-7th.........................  Benjamin Goodhue..  June 11, 1796     Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Nov. 8, 1800.
6th-7th.........................  Jonathan Mason....  Nov. 14, 1800         Do.           ......................
8th-10th........................  John Quincy Adams.  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. June 8, 1808.
10th-13th.......................  James Lloyd.......  June 9, 1808      Mar. 3, 1815      Res. May 1, 1813.
13th............................  Christopher Gore..  May 5, 1813       May 29, 1813      By gov., to fill vac.
13th-16th.......................  ......do..........  May 30, 1813      Mar. 3, 1821      Res. May 30, 1816.
14th-16th.......................  Eli P. Ashmun.....  June 12, 1816         Do.           Res. May 10, 1818.
15th-16th.......................  Prentiss Mellen...  June 5, 1818          Do.           Res. May 15, 1820.
16th-19th.......................  Elijah H. Mills...  June 12, 1820     Mar. 3, 1827      ......................
20th-28th.......................  Daniel Webster....  May 30, 1827      Mar. 3, 1845      Res. Feb. 22, 1841.
26th-28th.......................  Rufus Choate......  Feb. 23, 1841         Do.           ......................
29th-31st.......................  Daniel Webster....  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Res. July 22, 1850.

[[Page 619]]

 
31st............................  Robert C. Winthrop  July 30, 1850     Feb. 1, 1851      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Robert Rantoul....  Feb. 1, 1851      Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-43d.........................  Charles Sumner....  Apr. 24, 1851     Mar. 3, 1875      Died Mar. 11, 1874.
43d.............................  William B.          Apr. 17, 1874     Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
                                   Washburn.
44th-52d........................  Henry L. Dawes....  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-70th........................  Henry Cabot Lodge.  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1929      Died Nov. 9, 1924.
69th............................  William M. Butler.  Nov. 13, 1924     Dec. 5, 1926      By gov., to fill vac.
69th-79th.......................  David I. Walsh....  Dec. 6, 1926      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-82d........................  Henry Cabot Lodge,  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
                                   Jr..
83d-88th........................  John F. Kennedy...  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1965            (\1\)
87th............................  Benjamin A. Smith,  Dec. 27, 1960     Nov. 6, 1962      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   II.
87th-112th......................  Edward M. Kennedy.  Nov. 7, 1962      Jan. 2, 2013      Died Aug. 25, 2009.
111th...........................  Paul G. Kirk, Jr..  Sept. 24, 2009    Feb. 4, 2010      By gov., to fill vac.
111th-112th.....................  Scott P. Brown....  Feb. 4, 2010      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Elizabeth Warren..  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-5th.........................  Caleb Strong......  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. June 1, 1796.
4th-5th.........................  Theodore Sedgwick.  June 11, 1796         Do.           ......................
6th-8th.........................  Samuel Dexter.....  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1805      Res. May 30, 1800.
  Do............................  Dwight Foster.....  June 6, 1800          Do.           Res. Mar. 3, 1803.
8th-11th........................  Timothy Pickering.  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1811      ......................
12th-14th.......................  Joseph B. Varnum..  June 8, 1811      Mar. 3, 1817      ......................
15th-17th.......................  Harrison Gray Otis  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      Res. May 30, 1822.
17th-20th.......................  James Lloyd.......  June 5, 1822      Mar. 3, 1829      Res. May 23, 1826.
19th-23d........................  Nathaniel Silsbee.  May 31, 1826      Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
24th-26th.......................  John Davis........  Mar. 4, 1835      Mar. 3, 1841      Res. Jan. 5, 1841.
26th-29th.......................  Isaac C. Bates....  Jan. 13, 1841     Mar. 3, 1847      Died Mar. 16, 1945.
29th-32d........................  John Davis........  Mar. 24, 1845     Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  Edward Everett....  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      Res. June 1, 1854.
33d.............................  Julius Rockwell...  June 3, 1854      Jan. 31, 1855     By gov., to fill vac.
33d-44th........................  Henry Wilson......  Jan. 31, 1855     Mar. 3, 1877      Res. Mar. 3, 1873.
43d-44th........................  George S. Boutwell  Mar. 12, 1873         Do.           ......................
45th-59th.......................  George F. Hoar....  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1907      Died Sept. 30, 1904.
58th............................  Winthrop Murray     Oct. 12, 1904     Jan. 17, 1905     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Crane.
58th-62d........................  ......do..........  Jan. 18, 1905     Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  John W. Weeks.....  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
66th-68th.......................  David I. Walsh....  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  Frederick H.        Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
                                   Gillett.
72d-74th........................  Marcus A. Coolidge  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-80th.......................  Henry Cabot Lodge,  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1949      Res. Feb. 3, 1944.
                                   Jr..
78th............................  Sinclair Weeks....  Feb. 8, 1944      Dec. 19, 1944     By gov., to fill vac.
78th-89th.......................  Leverett            Jan. 4, 1945      Jan. 2, 1967            (\2\)
                                   Saltonstall.
90th-95th.......................  Edward W. Brooke..  Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-98th.......................  Paul Tsongas......  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1985      Res. Jan. 2, 1985.
98th-113th......................  John F. Kerry.....  Jan. 2, 1985      Jan. 2, 2015            (\3\)
113th...........................  William ``Mo''      Feb. 1, 2013      July 15, 2013     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Cowan.
113th-116th.....................  Edward Markey.....  July 16, 2013     Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned Dec. 22, 1960, having been elected President of the United States for the 44th term on Nov. 8, 1960.
  Vacancy from Dec. 23 to 26, 1960.
\2\Elected Nov. 7, 1944. Took oath Jan. 10, 1945. Governor during interim.
\3\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1985; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1985. Resigned Feb. 1, 2013.

                See footnotes at end of Michigan table.
                
                
                                                              1847  1848

                                                    MICHIGAN
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24th-25th.......................  Lucius Lyon.......  Jan. 26, 1837     Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  Augustus S. Porter  Jan. 20, 1840     Mar. 3, 1845      ......................
29th-31st.......................  Lewis Cass........  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Res. May 29, 1848.
30th............................  Thomas Fitzgerald.  June 8, 1848      Mar. 3, 1849      By gov., to fill vac.
30th-34th.......................  Lewis Cass........  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-43d........................  Zachariah Chandler  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Isaac P.            Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      Res. Feb. 10, 1879.
                                   Christiancy.

[[Page 620]]

 
46th............................  Zachariah Chandler  Feb. 19, 1879         Do.           Died Nov. 1, 1879.
  Do............................  Henry P. Baldwin..  Nov. 17, 1879     Jan. 18, 1881     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 19, 1881     Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  Omar D. Conger....  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-55th.......................  Francis B.          Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1899      Died Apr. 30, 1894.
                                   Stockbridge.
53d.............................  John Patton, Jr...  May 5, 1894       Jan. 14, 1895     By gov., to fill vac.
53d-61st........................  Julius C. Burrows.  Jan. 23, 1895     Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  Charles E.          Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
                                   Townsend.
68th-70th.......................  Woodbridge N.       Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      Died Mar. 23, 1928.
                                   Ferris.
70th............................  Arthur H.           Mar. 31, 1928     Nov. 5, 1928      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Vandenberg.
70th-82d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1928      Jan. 2, 1953      Died Apr. 18, 1951.
82d.............................  Blair Moody.......  Apr. 23, 1951     Nov. 4, 1952      By gov., to fill vac.
82d-85th........................  Charles E. Potter.  Nov. 5, 1952      Jan. 2, 1959            (\1\)
86th-94th.......................  Phillip A. Hart...  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      Died Dec. 26, 1976.
94th-103d.......................  Donald W. Riegle,   Dec. 30, 1976     Jan. 2, 1995            (\2\)
                                   Jr..
104th-106th.....................  Spencer Abraham...  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-118th.....................  Debbie Stabenow...  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24th-26th.......................  John Norvell......  Jan. 26, 1837     Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  William Woodbridge  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-32d........................  Alpheus Felch.....  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  Charles E. Stuart.  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  Kinsley S. Bingham  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865      Died Oct. 5, 1861.
37th-41st.......................  Jacob M. Howard...  Jan. 4, 1862      Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-47th........................  Thomas W. Ferry...  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-50th.......................  Thomas W. Palmer..  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1889      ......................
51st-59th.......................  James McMillan....  Mar. 4, 1889      Mar. 3, 1907      Died Aug. 10, 1902.
57th............................  Russell A. Alger..  Sept. 27, 1902    Jan. 19, 1903     By gov., to fill vac.
57th-59th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 20, 1903     Mar. 3, 1907      Died Jan. 24, 1907.
59th-65th.......................  William Alden       Feb. 6, 1907      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
                                   Smith.
66th-68th.......................  Truman H. Newberry  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      Res. Nov. 18, 1922.
67th-68th.......................  James Couzens.....  Nov. 29, 1922     Nov. 3, 1924      By gov., to fill vac.
68th-74th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 4, 1924      Jan. 2, 1937      Died Oct. 22, 1936.
74th-77th.......................  Prentiss M. Brown.  Nov. 19, 1936     Jan. 2, 1943            (\3\)
78th-83d........................  Homer Ferguson....  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
84th-89th.......................  Patrick V.          Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1967      Died Apr. 30, 1966.
                                   McNamara.
89th............................  Robert P. Griffin.  May 11, 1966      Jan. 2, 1967      By gov., to fill vac.
89th-95th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-113th......................  Carl Levin........  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Gary C. Peters....  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Nov. 4, 1952, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1953, and also to full term ending Jan. 2, 1959.
\2\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1977.
\3\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1937; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1937.
 

                See footnotes at end of Minnesota table.
                
                
            1849  1850

                                                    MINNESOTA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35th-37th.......................  Henry M. Rice.....  May 11, 1858      Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
38th-43d........................  Alexander Ramsey..  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-49th.......................  Samuel J. R.        Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
                                   McMillan.
50th-58th.......................  Cushman K. Davis..  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1905      Died Nov. 27, 1900.
56th............................  Charles A. Towne..  Dec. 5, 1900      Jan. 28, 1901     By gov., to fill vac.
56th-64th.......................  Moses E. Clapp....  Jan. 28, 1901     Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-67th.......................  Frank B. Kellogg..  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-79th.......................  Henrik Shipstead..  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-85th.......................  Edward J. Thye....  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-91st.......................  Eugene J. McCarthy  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92nd-97th.......................  Hubert H. Humphrey  Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1983      Died Jan. 13, 1978.
95th............................  Muriel Humphrey...  Jan. 25, 1978     Nov. 7, 1978      By gov., to fill vac.

[[Page 621]]

 
95th-103d.......................  David Durenberger.  Nov. 8, 1978      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-106th.....................  Rod Grams.........  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-109th.....................  Mark Dayton.......  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-118th.....................  Amy Klobuchar.....  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35th............................  James Shields.....  May 11, 1858      Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  Morton S.           Mar. 4, 1859      Mar 3, 1865       ......................
                                   Wilkinson.
39th-41st.......................  Daniel S. Norton..  Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1871      Died July 13, 1870.
41st............................  William Windom....  July 15, 1870     Jan. 22, 1871     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Ozora P. Stearns..  Jan. 23, 1871     Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-47th........................  William Windom....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1883      Res. Mar. 7, 1881.
47th............................  A. J. Edgerton....  Mar. 12, 1881     Nov. 14, 1881     By gov. to fill vac.
  Do............................  William Windom....  Nov. 15, 1881     Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-50th.......................  Dwight M. Sabin...  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1889      ......................
51st-53d........................  William D.          Mar. 4, 1889      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
                                   Washburn.
54th-68th.......................  Knute Nelson......  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1925      Died Apr. 28, 1923.
68th............................  Magnus Johnson....  July 16, 1923         Do.           ......................
69th-74th.......................  Thomas D. Schall..  Mar. 4, 1925      Jan. 2, 1937      Died Dec. 22, 1935.
74th............................  Elmer A. Benson...  Dec. 27, 1935     Nov. 3, 1936      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Guy V. Howard.....  Nov. 4, 1936      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-77th.......................  Ernest Lundeen....  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1943      Died Aug. 31, 1940.
76th-77th.......................  Joseph H. Ball....  Oct. 14, 1940     Nov. 17, 1942     By gov., to fill vac.
77th............................  Arthur E. Nelson..  Nov. 18, 1942     Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-80th.......................  Joseph H. Ball....  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-89th.......................  Hubert H. Humphrey  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967            (\1\)
88th-89th.......................  Walter F. Mondale.  Dec. 30, 1964     Jan. 2, 1967      By gov., to fill vac.
90th-95th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1979            (\2\)
95th-97th.......................  Wendell R.          Dec. 30, 1976     Jan. 2, 1979            (\3\)
                                   Anderson.
96th-101st......................  Rudolph E.          Dec. 30, 1978     Jan. 2, 1991            (\4\)
                                   Boschwitz.
102d-107th......................  Paul D. Wellstone.  Jan. 3, 1991      Jan. 2, 2003      Died Oct. 25, 2002.
107th...........................  Dean Barkley......  Nov. 4, 2002      Jan. 2, 2003      By gov., to fill vac.
108th-110th.....................  Norm Coleman......  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2009
110th-116th.....................  Al Franken........  July 7, 2009      Jan. 2, 2021            (\5\)
115th...........................  Tina Smith........  Jan. 3, 2018      Nov. 6, 2018      By gov.,to fill vac.
115th-116th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 2018      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned Dec. 29, 1964, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 45th term on Nov. 3,
  1964.
\2\Resigned Dec. 30, 1976, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 48th term on Nov. 2,
  1976.
\3\By governor, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1979. Resigned Dec. 29, 1978.
\4\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor on Dec. 30, 1978, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1979.
\5\The contested election case between Al Franken and Norm Coleman was resolved by the Minnesota Supreme Court
  on June 30, 2009. Franken was sworn into office on July 7, 2009. Vacancy from Jan. 3 until July 6. Resigned
  Jan. 2, 2018.
 

                See footnotes at end of Mississippi table.
                
                                                              1851  1852

                                                   MISSISSIPPI
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15th-16th.......................  Walter Leake......  Dec. 10, 1817     Mar. 3, 1821      Res. May 15, 1820.
16th............................  David Holmes......  Aug. 30, 1820         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
17th-19th.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1827      Res. Sept. 25, 1825.
19th............................  Powhatan Ellis....  Sept. 28, 1825    Jan. 28, 1826     By gov., to fill vac.
19th............................  Thomas B. Reed....  Jan. 28, 1826     Mar. 3, 1827      ......................
20th-22d........................  Powhatan Ellis....  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. July 16, 1832.
22d.............................  John Black........  Nov. 12, 1832         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
23d-25th........................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      Res. Jan. 22, 1838.
25th............................  James F. Trotter..  Jan. 22, 1838         Do.           Res. July 10, 1838.
  Do............................  Thomas Hickman      Nov. 12, 1838     Jan. 29, 1839     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Williams.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Jan. 30, 1839     Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  John Henderson....  Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1845      ......................

                  

[[Page 622]]



                                             MISSISSIPPI--Continuted
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29th-31st.......................  Jesse Speight.....  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851.     Died May 1, 1847.
30th............................  Jefferson Davis...  Aug. 10, 1847     Jan. 10, 1848     By gov., to fill vac.
30th-34th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 11, 1848     Mar. 3, 1857      Res. Sept. 23, 1851.
32d.............................  John J. McRae.....  Dec. 1, 1851      Mar. 17, 1852     By gov., to fill vac.
32d-34th........................  Stephen Adams.....  Mar. 17, 1852     Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Jefferson Davis...  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863            (\1\)
41st-43d........................  Adelbert Ames.....  Feb. 23, 1870     Mar. 3, 1875            (\2\)
43d.............................  Henry R. Pease....  Feb. 3, 1874          Do.           ......................
44th-46th.......................  Blanche K. Bruce..  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-55th.......................  James Z. George...  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1899      Died Aug. 14, 1897.
55th............................  Hernando D. Money.  Oct. 8, 1897      Jan. 18, 1898     By gov., to fill vac.
55th-61st.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 19, 1898     Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  John Sharp          Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
                                   Williams.
68th-73d........................  Hubert D. Stephens  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-82d........................  Theodore G. Bilbo.  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1953            (\3\)
80th-100th......................  John C. Stennis...  Nov. 5, 1947      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-112th.....................  Trent Lott........  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2013      Res. Dec. 18, 2007
110th...........................  Roger F. Wicker...  Dec. 31, 2007     Nov. 4, 2008      By gov., to fill vac.
110th-118th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 2008      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15th-20th.......................  Thomas Hill         Dec. 10, 1817     Mar. 3, 1829      ......................
                                   Williams.
21st-23d........................  Thomas B. Reed....  Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      Died Nov. 26, 1829.
  Do............................  Robert H. Adams...  Jan. 6, 1830          Do.           Died July 2, 1830.
21st............................  George Poindexter.  Oct. 15, 1830     Nov. 17, 1830     By gov., to fill vac.
21st-23d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 18, 1830     Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
24th-29th.......................  Robert J. Walker..  Mar. 4, 1835      Mar. 3, 1847      Res. Mar. 5, 1845.
29th............................  Joseph W. Chalmers  Nov. 3, 1845      Jan. 9, 1846      By gov., to fill vac.
    Do..........................  ......do..........  Jan. 10, 1846     Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-32d........................  Henry Stuart Foote  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      Res. Jan. 8, 1852.
32d.............................  Walker Brooke.....  Feb. 18, 1852         Do.           ......................
33d-38th........................  Albert G. Brown...  Jan. 7, 1854      Mar. 3, 1865            (\4\)
41st............................  Hiram R. Revels...  Feb. 23, 1870     Mar. 3, 1871            (\5\)
42d-44th........................  James L. Alcorn...  Dec. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877            (\6\)
45th-50th.......................  Lucius Q. C. Lamar  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1889      Res. Mar. 6, 1885.
49th............................  Edward C. Walthall  Mar. 9, 1885      Jan. 20, 1886     By gov., to fill vac.
49th-53d........................  ......do..........  Jan. 20, 1886     Mar. 3, 1895      Res. Jan. 24, 1894.
53d.............................  Anselm J. McLaurin  Feb. 7, 1894          Do.           ......................
54th-56th.......................  Edward C. Walthall  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      Died Apr. 21, 1898.
55th-56th.......................  William V.          May 31, 1898      Jan. 15, 1900     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Sullivan.
56th............................  ......do..........  Jan. 16, 1900     Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-62d........................  Anselm J. McLaurin  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1913      Died Dec. 22, 1909.
61st............................  James Gordon......  Dec. 27, 1909     Feb. 22, 1910     By gov., to fill vac.
61st-62d........................  Le Roy Percy......  Feb. 23, 1910     Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  James K. Vardaman.  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
66th-77th.......................  Pat Harrison......  Mar. 4, 1919      Jan. 2, 1943      Died June 22, 1941.
77th............................  James O. Eastland.  June 30, 1941     Sept. 28, 1941    By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Wall Doxey........  Sept. 29, 1941    Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-95th.......................  James O. Eastland.  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1979      Res. Dec. 27, 1978.
95th-116th......................  Thad Cochran......  Dec. 27, 1978     Jan. 2, 2021            (\7\)
115th...........................  Cindy Hyde-Smith..  Apr. 9, 2018      Nov. 27, 2018     By gov., to fill vac.
115th-116th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 28, 2018     Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy
  from Jan. 21, 1861, to Feb. 23, 1870, when Mississippi was readmitted to representation.
\2\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1869. Credentials challenged; seated Apr. 1, 1870.
  Resigned Jan. 10, 1874.
\3\Oath not administered for term beginning Jan. 3, 1947. Died Aug. 21, 1947. Vacancy from Aug. 21 to Nov. 4,
  1947.
\4\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1853, to Jan. 6, 1854, because of legislature's failure to elect. Brown was elected on
  Jan. 7 and took his seat Jan. 26. Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 12, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861.
  Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 13, 1861, to Feb. 23, 1870, when Mississippi was readmitted to
  representation.
\5\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Credentials challenged; seated Feb. 25, 1870.
\6\Elected Jan. 18, 1870, for term beginning Mar. 4, 1871. Took oath Dec. 4, 1871. Governor during interim.
\7\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1979. Resigned Apr. 1, 2018

[[Page 623]]

 
 
 
 
 

                  
                                                              1853  1854

                                                    MISSOURI
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17th-31st.......................  Thomas H. Benton..  Aug. 10, 1821     Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  Henry S. Geyer....  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Trusten Polk......  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      Exp. Jan. 10, 1862.
37th............................  John B. Henderson.  Jan. 17, 1862     Jan. 5, 1863      By gov., to fill vac.
37th-40th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 6, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  Carl Schurz.......  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-58th.......................  Francis M.          Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
                                   Cockrell.
59th-61st.......................  William Warner....  Mar. 18, 1905     Mar. 3, 1911            (\1\)
62d-70th........................  James A. Reed.....  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-73d........................  Roscoe C.           Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
                                   Patterson.
74th-79th.......................  Harry S. Truman...  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1947            (\2\)
79th............................  Frank P. Briggs...  Jan. 18, 1945         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
80th-82d........................  James P. Kem......  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-94th........................  Stuart Symington..  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1977      Res. Dec. 27, 1976.
94th-103d.......................  John C. Danforth..  Dec. 27, 1976     Jan. 2, 1995            (\3\)
104th-106th.....................  John Ashcroft.....  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th...........................  Jean Carnahan.....  Jan. 3, 2001      Nov. 23, 2002           (\4\)
107th-109th.....................  Jim Talent........  Nov. 23, 2002     Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-115th.....................  Claire McCaskill..  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Joshua D. Hawley..  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17th-21st.......................  David Barton......  Aug. 10, 1821     Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-24th........................  Alexander Buckner.  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Died June 6, 1833.
23d.............................  Lewis F. Linn.....  Oct. 25, 1833     Nov. 19, 1834     By gov., to fill vac.
23d-30th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 20, 1834     Mar. 3, 1849      Died Oct. 3, 1843.
28th............................  David R. Atchison.  Oct. 14, 1843     Nov. 19, 1844     By gov., to fill vac.
28th-33d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 20, 1844     Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  James S. Green....  Jan. 12, 1857     Mar. 3, 1861            (\5\)
37th-39th.......................  Waldo P. Johnson..  Mar. 17, 1861     Mar. 3, 1867      Exp. Jan. 10, 1862.
37th-38th.......................  Robert Wilson.....  Jan. 17, 1862     Nov. 13, 1863     By gov., to fill vac.
38th-39th.......................  B. Gratz Brown....  Nov. 13, 1863     Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-42d........................  Charles D. Drake..  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1873      Res. Dec. 19, 1870.
41st............................  Daniel T. Jewett..  Dec. 19, 1870     Jan. 20, 1871     By gov., to fill vac.
41st-42d........................  Francis P. Blair..  Jan. 20, 1871     Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  Lewis V. Bogy.....  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 4, 1879      Died Sept. 20, 1877.
45th............................  David H. Armstrong  Sept. 29, 1877    Jan. 26, 1879     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  James Shields.....  Jan. 27, 1879     Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-57th.......................  George G. Vest....  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-66th.......................  William J. Stone..  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Apr. 14, 1918.
65th............................  Xenophon P.         Apr. 30, 1918     Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Wilfley.
65th-69th.......................  Selden P. Spencer.  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1927      Died May 16, 1925.
69th............................  George H. Williams  May 25, 1925      Dec. 5, 1926      By gov., to fill vac.
69th-72d........................  Harry B. Hawes....  Dec. 6, 1926      Mar. 3, 1933      Res. Feb. 3, 1933.
72d-78th........................  Joel Bennett Clark  Feb. 3, 1933      Jan. 2, 1945            (\6\)
79th-81st.......................  Forrest C. Donnell  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-87th........................  Thomas C.           Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1963      Died Sept. 13, 1960.
                                   Hennings, Jr..
86th............................  Edward V. Long....  Sept. 23, 1960    Nov. 8, 1960      By gov., to fill vac.
86th-90th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 9, 1960      Jan. 2, 1969      Res. Dec. 27, 1968.
90th-99th.......................  Thomas F. Eagleton  Dec. 28, 1968     Jan. 2, 1987            (\7\)
100th-111th.....................  Christopher S.      Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
                                   Bond.
112th-117th.....................  Roy Blunt.........  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Mar. 17, 1905, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\2\Resigned Jan. 17, 1945, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 40th term on Nov. 7,
  1944.
\3\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1977.
\4\ By governor, to fill vacancy caused by death of husband Mel, who was posthumously elected to term ending
  Jan. 2, 2007. Defeated in special election.
\5\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1855, to Jan. 12, 1857, and from Mar. 3 to Mar. 17, 1861.
\6\Elected to full term commencing Mar. 4, 1933; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Mar. 3, 1933.
\7\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1969; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1969.

[[Page 624]]

 
 
 
 
 

                See footnotes at end of Montana table.
                
                
            1855  1856

                                                     MONTANA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-52d........................  Wilbur F. Sanders.  Jan. 1, 1890      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  Lee Mantle........  Jan. 16, 1895     Mar. 3, 1899            (\1\)
56th-58th.......................  William A. Clark..  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1905            (\2\)
57th-58th.......................  Paris Gibson......  Mar. 7, 1901          Do.           ......................
59th-61st.......................  Thomas H. Carter..  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  Henry L. Myers....  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-79th.......................  Burton K. Wheeler.  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-82d........................  Zales N. Ecton....  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-94th........................  Mike Mansfield....  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-100th......................  John Melcher......  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-109th.....................  Conrad Burns......  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-118th.....................  Jon Tester........  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-53d........................  Thomas C. Power...  Jan. 2, 1890      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-56th.......................  Thomas H. Carter..  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  William A. Clark..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
60th-62d........................  Joseph M. Dixon...  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-74th........................  Thomas J. Walsh...  Mar. 4, 1913      Jan. 2, 1937      Died Mar. 2, 1933.
73d.............................  John E. Erickson..  Mar. 13, 1933     Nov. 6, 1934      By gov., to fill vac.
73d-86th........................  James E. Murray...  Nov. 7, 1934      Jan. 2, 1961      ......................
87th-95th.......................  Lee Metcalf.......  Jan. 3, 1961      Jan. 2, 1979      Died Jan. 12, 1978.
95th............................  Paul G. Hatfield..  Jan. 22, 1978         Do.                 (\3\)
95th-113th......................  Max Baucus........  Dec. 15, 1978     Jan. 2, 2015      Res. Feb. 6, 2014.\4\
113th...........................  John E. Walsh.....  Feb. 9, 2014          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
114th-116th.....................  Steve Daines......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1893, to Jan. 16, 1895, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\2\Resigned, to take effect May 15, 1900. Vacancy from May 15, 1900, to Mar. 7, 1901.
\3\By governor, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1979. Resigned Dec. 14, 1978.
\4\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1979.

                See footnotes at end of Nebraska table.
                
                
            1857  1858

                                                    NEBRASKA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40th-43d........................  Thomas W. Tipton..  Mar. 1, 1867      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Algernon S.         Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
                                   Paddock.
47th-49th.......................  Charles H. Van      Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
                                   Wyck.
50th-52d........................  Algernon S.         Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
                                   Paddock.
53d-55th........................  William V. Allen..  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-58th.......................  Monroe L. Hayward.  Mar. 8, 1899      Mar. 3, 1905            (\1\)
56th-57th.......................  William V. Allen..  Dec. 13, 1899     Mar. 28, 1901     By gov., to fill vac.
57th-58th.......................  Charles H.          May 1, 1901       Mar. 3, 1905            (\2\)
                                   Dietrich.
59th-61st.......................  Elmer J. Burkett..  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  Gilbert M.          Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923
                                   Hitchcock.
68th-73d........................  Robert B. Howell..  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1935            (\3\)
73d.............................  William H.          May 24, 1933      Nov. 6, 1934      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Thompson.
  Do............................  Richard C. Hunter.  Nov. 7, 1934      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  Edward R. Burke...  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
77th-85th.......................  Hugh Butler.......  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1959      Died July 1, 1954.
83d.............................  Sam W. Reynolds...  July 3, 1954      Nov. 7, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
83d-94th........................  Roman L. Hruska...  Nov. 8, 1954      Jan. 2, 1977      Res. Dec. 27, 1976.
94th-100th......................  Edward Zorinsky...  Dec. 28, 1976     Jan. 2, 1989            (\4\)
100th...........................  David K. Karnes...  Mar. 11, 1987     Jan. 2, 1989      By gov., to fill vac.
101st-106th.....................  J. Robert Kerrey..  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-112th.....................  Ben Nelson........  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Debra Fischer.....  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40th-41st.......................  John M. Thayer....  Mar. 1, 1867      Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-44th........................  Phineas W.          Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
                                   Hitchcock.


[[Page 625]]


                                               NEBRASKA--Continued
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
45th-47th.......................  Alvin Saunders....  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-53d........................  Charles F.          Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
                                   Manderson.
54th-56th.......................  John M. Thurston..  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Joseph H. Millard.  Mar. 28, 1901     Mar. 3, 1907            (\5\)
60th-62d........................  Norris Brown......  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-77th........................  George W. Norris..  Mar. 4, 1913      Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-83d........................  Kenneth S. Wherry.  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1955      Died Nov. 29, 1951.
82d.............................  Fred A. Seaton....  Dec. 10, 1951     Nov. 4, 1952      By gov., to fill vac.
82d-83d.........................  Dwight Griswold...  Nov. 5, 1952      Jan. 2, 1955      Died Apr. 12, 1954.
83d.............................  Eva Bowring.......  Apr. 16, 1954     Nov. 7, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Hazel H. Abel.....  Nov. 8, 1954      Jan. 2, 1955      Res. Dec. 31, 1954.
84th-95th.......................  Carl T. Curtis....  Jan. 1, 1955      Jan. 2, 1979            (\6\)
96th-104th......................  J.J. Exon.........  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-110th.....................  Chuck Hagel.......  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-113th.....................  Mike Johanns......  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2015      ......................
114th-116th.....................  Ben Sasse.........  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Mar. 8, 1899, to fill vacancy caused by failure of legislature to elect, but died Dec. 5, 1899,
  before qualifying.
\2\Elected Mar. 28, 1901. Did not resign as governor until May 1, 1901. Seated Dec. 2, 1901.
\3\Died Mar. 11, 1933. Vacancy from Mar. 12 to May 23, 1933.
\4\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1977. Died Mar. 6, 1987.
\5\Vacancy from Mar. 3 to Mar. 28, 1901, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\6\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1955; subsequently appointed by governor Jan. 1, 1955, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1955.
 

                  
                                                              1859  1860

                                                     NEVADA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38th-43d........................  William M. Stewart  Dec. 15, 1864     Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  William Sharon....  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  James G. Fair.....  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-58th.......................  William M. Stewart  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
59th-64th.......................  George S. Nixon...  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1917      Died June 5, 1912.
62d.............................  William A. Massey.  July 1, 1912      Jan. 29, 1913     By gov., to fill vac.
62d-76th........................  Key Pittman.......  Jan. 29, 1913     Jan. 2, 1941      Died Nov. 10, 1940.
76th-77th.......................  Berkeley L. Bunker  Nov. 27, 1940     Dec. 6, 1942      By gov., to fill vac.
77th-79th.......................  James G. Scrugham.  Dec. 7, 1942      Jan. 2, 1947      Died June 23, 1945.
79th............................  E.P. Carville.....  July 25, 1945         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
80th-85th.......................  George W. Malone..  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-97th.......................  Howard W. Cannon..  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1983      ......................
98th-100th......................  Chic Hecht........  Jan. 3, 1983      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-106th.....................  Richard H. Bryan..  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-112th.....................  John Ensign.......  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2013      Res. May 3, 2011
112th...........................  Dean Heller.......  May 9, 2011           Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
113th-115th.....................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Jacky Rosen.......  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38th-42d........................  James W. Nye......  Dec. 16, 1864     Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-57th........................  John P. Jones.....  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-66th.......................  Francis G.          Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Dec. 24, 1917.
                                   Newlands.
65th............................  Charles B.          Jan. 12, 1918     Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Henderson.
65th-66th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-72d........................  Tasker L. Oddie...  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-84th........................  Patrick A.          Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1957      Died Sept. 28, 1954.
                                   McCarran.
83d.............................  Ernest S. Brown...  Oct. 1, 1954      Dec. 1, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
83d-93d.........................  Alan Bible........  Dec. 2, 1954      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 17, 1974.
93d-99th........................  Paul Laxalt.......  Dec. 18, 1974     Jan. 2, 1987            (\1\)
100th-114th.....................  Harry M. Reid.....  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2017
115th-117th.....................  Catherine Cortez    Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
                                   Masto.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1975; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1975.
 

                See footnotes at end of New Hampshire table.

[[Page 626]]


            1861  1862

                                                  NEW HAMPSHIRE
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  Paine Wingate.....  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1793      ......................
3d-8th..........................  Samuel Livermore..  Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1805      Res. June 12, 1801.
7th-8th.........................  Simeon Olcott.....  June 17, 1801         Do.           ......................
9th-14th........................  Nicholas Gilman...  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1817      Died May 2, 1814.
13th-14th.......................  Thomas W. Thompson  June 24, 1814         Do.           ......................
15th-17th.......................  David L. Morrill..  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      ......................
18th-23d........................  Samuel Bell.......  Mar. 4, 1823      Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
24th-26th.......................  Henry Hubbard.....  Mar. 4, 1835      Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  Levi Woodbury.....  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      Res. Nov. 20, 1845.
29th............................  Benning W. Jenness  Dec. 1, 1845      June 13, 1846     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Joseph Cilley.....  June 13, 1846     Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-32d........................  John P. Hale......  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  Charles G.          Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      Died Nov. 15, 1853.
                                   Atherton.
33d.............................  Jared W. Williams.  Nov. 29, 1853     Aug. 4, 1854            (\1\)
34th-38th.......................  John P. Hale......  July 30, 1855     Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
39th-44th.......................  Aaron H. Cragin...  Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-47th.......................  Edward H. Rollins.  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-50th.......................  Austin F. Pike....  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1889      Died Oct. 8, 1886.
49th-50th.......................  Person C. Cheney..  Nov. 24, 1886     June 14, 1887     By gov., to fill vac.
50th............................  William E.          June 14, 1887     Mar. 3, 1889      ......................
                                   Chandler.
51st............................  Gilman Marston....  Mar. 4, 1889      June18,1889       By gov., to fill vac.
51st-56th.......................  William E.          June 18, 1889     Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
                                   Chandler.
57th-62d........................  Henry E. Burnham..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  Henry F. Hollis...  Mar. 13, 1913     Mar. 3, 1919            (\2\)
66th-74th.......................  Henry W. Keyes....  Mar. 4, 1919      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-89th.......................  Styles Bridges....  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1967      Died Nov. 26, 1961.
87th............................  Maurice J. Murphy,  Dec. 7, 1961      Nov. 6, 1962      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Jr..
87th-95th.......................  Thomas J. McIntyre  Nov. 7, 1962      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-101st......................  Gordon J. Humphrey  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1991      Res. Dec. 4, 1990.
101st-107th.....................  Robert C. Smith...  Dec. 7, 1990      Jan. 2, 2003            (\3\)
108th-110th.....................  John E. Sununu....  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-116th.....................  Jeanne Shaheen....  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-6th.........................  John Langdon......  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  James Sheafe......  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Res. June 14, 1802.
    Do..........................  William Plumer....  June 17, 1802         Do.           ......................
10th-12th.......................  Nahum Parker......  Mar. 4, 1807      Mar. 3, 1813      Res. June 1, 1810.
11th-12th.......................  Charles Cutts.....  June 21, 1810         Do.           ......................
13th............................  ......do..........  Apr. 2, 1813      June10,1813       By gov., to fill vac.
13th-15th.......................  Jeremiah Mason....  June 10, 1813     Mar. 3, 1819      Res. June 16, 1817.
15th............................  Clement Storer....  June 27, 1817         Do.           ......................
16th-18th.......................  John F. Parrott...  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-21st.......................  Levi Woodbury.....  June 16, 1825     Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-24th........................  Isaac Hill........  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. May 30, 1836.
24th............................  John Page.........  June 8, 1836          Do.           ......................
25th-27th.......................  Franklin Pierce...  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1834      Res. Feb. 28, 1842.
27th............................  Leonard Wilcox....  Mar. 1, 1842      June 8, 1842      By gov., to fill vac.
    Do..........................  ......do..........  June 9, 1842      Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-30th.......................  Charles G.          Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
                                   Atherton.
31st-33d........................  Moses Norris, Jr..  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      Died Jan. 11, 1855.
33d.............................  John S. Wells.....  Jan. 16, 1855         Do.                 (\4\)
34th-36th.......................  James Bell........  July 30, 1855     Mar. 3, 1861      Died May 26, 1857.
35th-39th.......................  Daniel Clark......  June 27, 1857     Mar. 3, 1867      Res. July 27, 1866.
39th............................  George G. Fogg....  Aug. 31, 1866         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
40th-42d........................  James W. Patterson  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  Bainbridge          Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
                                   Wadleigh.
46th............................  Charles H. Bell...  Mar. 13, 1879     June16,1879           Do.
46th-48th.......................  Henry W. Blair....  June 17, 1879     Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 5, 1885      June16,1885           Do.
49th-51st.......................  ......do..........  June 17, 1885     Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-66th........................  Jacob H. Gallinger  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Aug. 17, 1918.
65th............................  Irving W. Drew....  Sept. 2, 1918     Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
65th-72d........................  George H. Moses...  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-75th........................  Fred H. Brown.....  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-84th.......................  Charles W. Tobey..  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1957      Died July 24, 1953.
83d.............................  Robert W. Upton...  Aug. 14, 1953     Nov. 7, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.


[[Page 627]]


                                            NEW HAMPSHIRE--Continuted
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
83d-93d.........................  Norris Cotton.....  Nov. 8, 1954      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 31, 1974.\5\
93d.............................  Louis C. Wyman....  Dec. 31, 1974         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
94th............................  Norris Cotton.....  Aug. 8, 1975      Sept. 17, 1975          (\6\)
94th-96th.......................  John A. Durkin....  Sept. 18, 1975    Jan. 2, 1981            (\7\)
96th-102d.......................  Warren Rudman.....  Dec. 29, 1980     Jan. 2, 1993            (\8\)
103d-111th......................  Judd Gregg........  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
                  112th-114th...  Kelly Ayotte......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2017      ......................
115th-117th.....................  Margaret W. Hassan  Jan. 3, 2017      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\By governor, to fill vacancy. Senate resolution of Aug. 4, 1854, declared that representation under the
  appointment had expired. Vacancy from Aug. 5, 1854, to July 29, 1855.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 3 to Mar. 13, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\3\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1991; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1991.
\4\By governor to fill vacancy. Vacancy from Mar. 4 to July 29, 1855.
\5\Elected Nov. 2, 1954, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1957. Seated Nov. 8, 1954. Served in House
  during interim.
\6\By governor, to fill vacancy until new senatorial election. Vacancy Jan. 3, 1975, to Aug. 8, 1975, due to
  contested election. On July 30, 1975, the Senate voted to declare the seat vacant as of Aug. 8, 1975; New
  Hampshire called a special election to fill the seat on September 16, 1975.
\7\Elected Sept. 16, 1975, to fill vacancy in unexpired term ending Jan. 2, 1981. Resigned Dec. 29, 1980.
\8\Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 1981; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term ending
  Jan. 2, 1981.
 

                See footnotes at end of New Jersey table.
                                                              1863  1864

                                                   NEW JERSEY
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st.............................  Jonathan Elmer....  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1791      ......................
2d-7th..........................  John Rutherfurd...  Mar. 4, 1791      Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Nov. 26, 1798.
5th.............................  Franklin Davenport  Dec. 5, 1798      Mar. 3, 1799      By gov., to fill vac.
5th-7th.........................  James Schureman...  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1803            (\1\)
6th-7th.........................  Aaron Ogden.......  Feb. 28, 1801         Do.           ......................
8th.............................  John Condit.......  Sept. 1, 1803     Nov. 2, 1803            (\2\)
8th-10th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      ......................
11th-13th.......................  John Lambert......  Mar. 4, 1809      Mar. 3, 1815      ......................
14th-16th.......................  James J. Wilson...  Mar. 4, 1815      Mar. 3, 1821      Res. Jan. 8, 1821.
16th............................  Samuel L. Southard  Jan. 26, 1821         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
17th-19th.......................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1827      Res. Mar. 3, 1823.
18th-19th.......................  Joseph McIlvaine..  Nov. 12, 1823         Do.           Died Aug. 19, 1826.
19th-22d........................  Ephraim Bateman...  Nov. 9, 1826      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Jan. 12, 1829.
20th-22d........................  Mahlon Dickerson..  Jan. 30, 1829         Do.           ......................
23d-28th........................  Samuel L. Southard  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1845      Died June 26, 1842.
27th............................  William L. Dayton.  July 2, 1842      Oct. 27, 1842     By gov., to fill vac.
27th-31st.......................  ......do..........  Oct. 28, 1842     Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  Robert F. Stockton  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      Res. Jan. 10, 1853.
33d-37th........................  John R. Thomson...  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1863      Died Sept. 12, 1862.
37th............................  Richard S. Field..  Nov. 21, 1862     Jan. 14, 1863     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  James W. Wall.....  Jan. 14, 1863     Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
38th-40th.......................  William Wright....  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      Died Nov. 1, 1866.
39th............................  Frederick T.        Nov. 12, 1866     Jan. 22, 1867     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Frelinghuysen.
39th-40th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 23, 1867     Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  John P. Stockton..  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Theodore F.         Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
                                   Randolph.
47th-49th.......................  William J. Sewell.  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-52d........................  Rufus Blodgett....  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  James Smith, Jr...  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-61st.......................  John Kean.........  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  James E. Martine..  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-67th.......................  Joseph S.           Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
                                   Frelinghuysen.
68th-70th.......................  Edward I. Edwards.  Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-73d........................  Hamilton F. Kean..  Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  A. Harry Moore....  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1941      Res. Jan. 18, 1938.
75th............................  John Milton.......  Jan. 18, 1938     Nov. 8, 1938      By gov., to fill vac.
75th-79th.......................  W. Warren Barbour.  Nov. 9, 1938      Jan. 2, 1947      Died Nov. 22, 1943.
78th............................  Arthur Walsh......  Nov. 26, 1943     Dec. 6, 1944      By gov., to fill vac.
78th-85th.......................  H. Alexander Smith  Dec. 7, 1944      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................

[[Page 628]]

 
86th-97th.......................  Harrison A.         Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1983      Res. Mar. 11, 1982
                                   Williams, Jr..
97th............................  Nicholas F. Brady.  Apr. 12, 1982         Do.           By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\3\
97th-106th......................  Frank R.            Dec. 27, 1982     Jan. 2, 2001            (\4\)
                                   Lautenberg.
107th-109th.....................  John Corzine......  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2007      Res. Jan. 17, 2006
109th...........................  Robert Menendez...  Jan. 17, 2006         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
110th-118th.....................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  William Paterson..  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1793      Res. Nov. 13, 1790.
  Do............................  Philemon Dickinson  Nov. 23, 1790         Do.           ......................
3d-5th..........................  Frederick           Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. Nov. 12, 1796.
                                   Frelinghuysen.
4th-5th.........................  Richard Stockton..  Nov. 12, 1796         Do.           ......................
6th-8th.........................  Jonathan Dayton...  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1805      ......................
9th-11th........................  Aaron Kitchell....  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1811      Res. Mar. 12, 1809.
11th............................  John Condit.......  Mar. 21, 1809     Nov. 1, 1809      By gov., to fill vac.
11th-14th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 2, 1809      Mar. 3, 1817      ......................
15th-20th.......................  Mahlon Dickerson..  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1829      Res. Jan. 30, 1829.
21st-23d........................  Theodore            Mar. 4, 1829      Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
                                   Frelinghuysen.
24th-26th.......................  Garret D. Wall....  Mar. 4, 1835      Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-32d........................  Jacob W. Miller...  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  William Wright....  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  John C. Ten Eyck..  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
39th-41st.......................  John P. Stockton..  Mar. 15, 1865     Mar. 3, 1871            (\5\)
  Do............................  Alexander G.        Sept. 19, 1866        Do.                 (\6\)
                                   Cattell.
42d-44th........................  Frederick T.        Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
                                   Frelinghuysen.
45th-53d........................  John R. McPherson.  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-59th.......................  William J. Sewell.  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1907      Died Dec. 27, 1901.
57th-59th.......................  John F. Dryden....  Jan. 29, 1902         Do.           ......................
60th-62d........................  Frank O. Briggs...  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  William Hughes....  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      Died Jan. 30, 1918.
65th............................  David Baird.......  Feb. 23, 1918     Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................
66th-71st.......................  Walter E. Edge....  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1931      Res. Nov. 21, 1929.
71st............................  David Baird, Jr...  Nov. 30, 1929     Dec. 2, 1930      By gov., to fill vac.
71st-74th.......................  Dwight W. Morrow..  Dec. 3, 1930      Jan. 2, 1937      Died Oct. 5, 1931.
72d.............................  W. Warren Barbour.  Dec. 1, 1931      Nov. 8, 1932      By gov., to fill vac.
72d-74th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 9, 1932      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-77th.......................  William H.          Apr. 15, 1937     Jan. 2, 1943            (\7\)
                                   Smathers.
78th-80th.......................  Albert W. Hawkes..  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-83d........................  Robert C.           Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
                                   Hendrickson.
84th-95th.......................  Clifford P. Case..  Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-104th......................  Bill Bradley......  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-107th.....................  Robert G.           Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2003
                                   Torricelli.
108th-113th.....................  Frank Lautenberg..  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2015      Died June 3, 2013.
113th...........................  Jeffrey Chiesa....  June 6, 2013      Oct. 30, 2013     By gov., to fill vac.
113th-116th.....................  Cory A. Booker....  Oct. 31, 2013     Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Elected Feb. 14, 1799. Served in the House during interim. Resigned Feb. 16, 1801.
\2\ By governor, to fill vacancy. Vacancy from Mar. 3, to Sept. 1, 1803, because of failure of legislature to
  elect.
\3\ Resigned Dec. 27, 1982.
\4\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1983; subsequently appointed by governor, Dec. 27, 1982, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1983.
\5\ Seat declared vacant Mar. 27, 1866.
\6\ Elected to fill unexpired term of John P. Stockton, unseated. Vacancy from Mar. 28 to Sept. 18, 1866.
\7\ Elected Nov. 3, 1936. Took oath Apr. 15, 1937. Served as a state senator during interim.
 

                See footnotes at end of New Mexico table.
                
            1865  1866

                                                   NEW MEXICO
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62d-64th........................  Thomas B. Catron..  Mar. 27, 1912     Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-70th.......................  Andrieus A. Jones.  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1929      Died Dec. 20, 1927.
70th............................  Bronson Cutting...  Dec. 29, 1927     Dec. 6, 1928      By gov., to fill vac.

[[Page 629]]

 
  Do............................  Octaviano A.        Dec. 7, 1928      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
                                   Larrazolo.
71st-76th.......................  Bronson Cutting...  Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1941      Died May 6, 1935.
74th............................  Dennis Chavez.....  May 11, 1935      Nov. 3, 1936      By gov., to fill vac.
74th-88th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 4, 1936      Jan. 2, 1965      Died Nov. 18, 1962
87th-88th.......................  E. L. Mechem......  Nov. 30, 1962     Nov. 3, 1964      By gov., to fill vac.
88th-94th.......................  Joseph M. Montoya.  Nov. 4, 1964      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-97th.......................  Harrison H.         Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1983      ......................
                                   Schmitt.
98th-112th......................  Jeff Bingaman.....  Jan. 3, 1983      Jan. 2, 2013
113th-118th.....................  Martin Heinrich...  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62d-68th........................  Albert B. Fall....  Mar. 27, 1912     Mar. 3, 1925      Res. Mar. 4, 1921.
67th............................  Holm O. Bursum....  Mar. 11, 1921     Sept.19,1921      By gov., to fill vac.
67th-68th.......................  ......do..........  Sept. 20, 1921    Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-74th.......................  Sam G. Bratton....  Mar. 4, 1925      Jan. 2, 1937      Res. June 24, 1933.
73d.............................  Carl A. Hatch.....  Oct. 10, 1933     Nov. 6, 1934      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\1\
73d-80th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1934      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-92d........................  Clinton P.          Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
                                   Anderson.
93d-110th.......................  Pete V. Domenici..  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-116th.....................  Tom Udall.........  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vacancy from June 25 to Oct. 9, 1933.
 

                See footnotes at end of New York table.
                                                              1867  1868

                                                    NEW YORK
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st.............................  Philip Schuyler...  July 15, 1789     Mar. 3, 1791      ......................
2d-4th..........................  Aaron Burr........  Mar. 4, 1791      Mar. 3, 1797      ......................
5th-7th.........................  Philip Schuyler...  Mar. 4, 1797      Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Jan. 3, 1798.
  Do............................  John S. Hobart....  Jan. 11, 1798         Do.           Res. Apr. 16, 1798.
5th.............................  William North.....  May 5, 1798       Aug. 17, 1798     By gov., to fill vac.
5th-7th.........................  James Watson......  Aug. 17, 1798     Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Mar. 19, 1800.
6th-7th.........................  Gouverneur Morris.  Apr. 3, 1800          Do.           ......................
8th-10th........................  Theodorus Bailey..  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. Jan. 16, 1804.
  Do............................  John Armstrong....  Feb. 4, 1804          Do.           Res. June 30, 1804.
  Do............................  Samuel L. Mitchill  Nov. 9, 1804          Do.           ......................
11th-13th.......................  Obadiah German....  Mar. 4, 1809      Mar. 3, 1815      ......................
14th-16th.......................  Nathan Sanford....  Mar. 4, 1815      Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-22d........................  Martin Van Buren..  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Dec. 20, 1828.
20th-22d........................  Charles E. Dudley.  Jan. 15, 1829     Mar. 3, 1833      ......................
23d-28th........................  Nathaniel P.        Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1845      Res. June 17, 1844.
                                   Tallmadge.
28th............................  Daniel S.           Nov. 30, 1844     Jan. 17, 1845     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Dickinson.
28th-31st.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 18, 1845     Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  Hamilton Fish.....  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Preston King......  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      ......................
38th-40th.......................  Edwin D. Morgan...  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  Reuben E. Fenton..  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Francis Kernan....  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  Thomas C. Platt...  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      Res. May 16, 1881.
  Do............................  Warner Miller.....  July 16, 1881         Do.           ......................
50th-52d........................  Frank Hiscock.....  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  Edward Murphy, Jr.  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1890      ......................
56th-61st.......................  Chauncey M. Depew.  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  James A. O'Gorman.  Mar. 31, 1911     Mar. 3, 1917            (\1\)
65th-67th.......................  William M. Calder.  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-76th.......................  Royal S. Copeland.  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1941      Died June 17, 1938.
75th-79th.......................  James M. Mead.....  Dec. 3, 1938      Jan. 2, 1947            (\2\)
80th-85th.......................  Irving M. Ives....  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-88th.......................  Kenneth B. Keating  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1965      ......................
89th-91st.......................  Robert F. Kennedy.  Jan. 3, 1965      Jan. 2, 1971      Died June 6, 1968.
90th-91st.......................  Charles E. Goodell  Sept. 10, 1968        Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
92d-94th........................  James L. Buckley..  Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-106th......................  Daniel P. Moynihan  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................

[[Page 630]]

 
107th-112th.....................  Hillary Clinton...  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2013      Res. Jan. 21, 2009.
111th...........................  Kirsten Gillibrand  Jan. 27, 2009     Nov. 2, 2010      By gov., to fill vac.
111th-118th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 2010      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-6th.........................  Rufus King........  July 16, 1789     Mar. 3, 1801      Res. May 23, 1796.
4th-6th.........................  John Laurance.....  Nov. 9, 1796          Do.           Res. in Aug. 1800.
6th-9th.........................  John Armstrong....  Nov. 6, 1800      Mar. 3, 1807      Res. Feb. 5, 1802.
7th-9th.........................  De Witt Clinton...  Feb. 9, 1802          Do.           Res. Nov. 4, 1803.
8th.............................  John Armstrong....  Nov. 10, 1803     Feb. 4, 1804      By gov., to fill vac.
8th-12th........................  John Smith........  Feb. 4, 1804      Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-18th.......................  Rufus King........  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-21st.......................  Nathan Sanford....  Jan. 14, 1826     Mar. 3, 1831            (\3\)
22d-24th........................  William L. Marcy..  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. Jan. 1, 1833.
22d-30th........................  Silas Wright, Jr..  Jan. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1849      Res. Nov. 26, 1844.
28th............................  Henry A. Foster...  Nov. 30, 1844     Jan. 18, 1845     By gov., to fill vac.
28th-30th.......................  John A. Dix.......  Jan. 18, 1845     Jan. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-36th.......................  William H. Seward.  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  Ira Harris........  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-48th.......................  Roscoe Conkling...  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1885      Res. May 16, 1881.
47th-48th.......................  Elbridge G. Lapham  July 22, 1881         Do.           ......................
49th-51st.......................  William M. Evarts.  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  David B. Hill.....  Jan. 7, 1892      Mar. 3, 1897            (\4\)
55th-60th.......................  Thomas C. Platt...  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  Elihu Root........  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-69th.......................  James W.            Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
                                   Wadsworth, Jr..
70th-81st.......................  Robert F. Wagner..  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1951      Res. June 28, 1949.
81st............................  John Foster Dulles  July 7, 1949      Nov. 8, 1949      By gov., to fill vac.
81st-84th.......................  Herbert H. Lehman.  Nov. 9, 1949      Jan. 2, 1957      ......................
85th-96th.......................  Jacob K. Javits...  Jan. 9, 1957      Jan. 2, 1981            (\5\)
97th-105th......................  Alfonse M. D'Amato  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
106th-117th.....................  Charles E. Schumer  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Mar. 30, 1911, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\2\ Elected Nov. 8, 1938. Served in the House during interim. Vacancy from June 18 to Dec. 2, 1938.
\3\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1825, to Jan. 13, 1826.
\4\Elected Jan. 21, 1891, for term commencing Mar. 4, 1891. Took oath Jan. 7, 1892. Governor during interim.
\5\Waived compensation Jan. 3-8, 1957, while serving as attorney general of state.
 

                See footnotes at end of North Carolina table.
            1869  1870

                                                 NORTH CAROLINA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  Samuel Johnston...  Nov. 26, 1789     Mar. 3, 1793      ......................
3d-5th..........................  Alexander Martin..  Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1799      ......................
6th-8th.........................  Jesse Franklin....  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1805      ......................
9th-14th........................  James Turner......  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Nov. 21, 1816.
14th-17th.......................  Montfort Stokes...  Dec. 4, 1816      Mar. 3, 1823      ......................
18th-23d........................  John Branch.......  Mar. 4, 1823      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. Mar. 9, 1829.
21st-26th.......................  Bedford Brown.....  Dec. 9, 1829      Mar. 3, 1841      Res. Nov. 11, 1840.
26th-32d........................  Willie P. Mangum..  Nov. 25, 1840     Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  David S. Reid.....  Dec. 6, 1854      Mar. 3, 1859            (\1\)
36th-38th.......................  Thomas Bragg......  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865            (\2\)
40th-41st.......................  Joseph C. Abbott..  July 14, 1868     Mar. 3, 1871            (\3\)
42d-53d.........................  Matt W. Ransom....  Jan. 30, 1872     Mar. 3, 1895            (\4\)
54th-56th.......................  Marion Butler.....  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-71st.......................  Furnifold M.        Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
                                   Simmons.
72d-80th........................  Josiah W. Bailey..  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1949      Died Dec. 15, 1946.
80th............................  Wm. B. Umstead....  Dec. 18, 1946     Dec. 30, 1948     By gov., to fill vac.
80th-83d........................  J. Melville         Dec. 31, 1948     Jan. 2, 1955            (\5\)
                                   Broughton.
81st............................  Frank P. Graham...  Mar. 29, 1949     Nov. 26, 1950     By gov., to fill vac.
81st-83d........................  Willis Smith......  Nov. 27, 1950     Jan. 2, 1955      Died June 26, 1953.
83d.............................  Alton A. Lennon...  July 10, 1953     Nov. 28, 1954     By gov., to fill vac.

[[Page 631]]

 
83d-86th........................  W. Kerr Scott.....  Nov. 29, 1954     Jan. 2, 1961            (\6\)
85th............................  B. Everett Jordan.  Apr. 19, 1958     Nov. 4, 1958      By gov., to fill vac.
85th-92d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 1958      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
93d-107th.......................  Jesse Helms.......  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 2003
108th-110th.....................  Elizabeth Dole....  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-113th.....................  Kay Hagan.........  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2015
114th-116th.....................  Thom Tillis.......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-3d..........................  Benjamin Hawkins..  Dec. 8, 1789      Mar. 3, 1795      ......................
4th-6th.........................  Timothy Bloodworth  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  David Stone.......  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Res. Feb. 17, 1807.
10th-12th.......................  Jesse Franklin....  Mar. 4, 1807      Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  David Stone.......  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      Res. Dec. 24, 1814.
  Do............................  Francis Locke.....  ................      Do.                 (\7\)
14th-21st.......................  Nathaniel Macon...  Dec. 5, 1815      Mar. 3, 1831      Res. Nov. 14, 1828.
20th-21st.......................  James Iredell.....  Dec. 15, 1828         Do.           ......................
22d-24th........................  Willie P. Mangum..  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. Nov. 26, 1836.
24th-27th.......................  Robert Strange....  Dec. 5, 1836      Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Nov. 16, 1840.
26th-27th.......................  William A. Graham.  Nov. 25, 1840         Do.           ......................
28th-30th.......................  William H.          Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1849      Res. July 25, 1846.
                                   Haywood, Jr..
29th-33d........................  George E. Badger..  Nov. 25, 1846     Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  Asa Biggs.........  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861      Res. May 5, 1858.
35th............................  Thomas L. Clingman  May 6, 1858       Nov. 22, 1858     By gov., to fill vac.
35th-39th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 23, 1858     Mar. 3, 1867            (\8\)
40th-42d........................  John Pool.........  July 14, 1868     Mar. 3, 1873            (\9\)
43d-45th........................  Augustus S.         Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
                                   Merrimon.
46th-54th.......................  Zebulon B. Vance..  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1897      Died Apr. 14, 1894.
53d.............................  Thomas J. Jarvis..  Apr. 19, 1894     Jan. 23, 1895     By gov., to fill vac.
53d-58th........................  Jeter C. Pritchard  Jan. 23, 1895     Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-72d........................  Lee S. Overman....  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1933      Died Dec. 12, 1930.
71st-72d........................  Cameron Morrison..  Dec. 13, 1930     Dec. 4, 1932      By gov., to fill vac.
72d-78th........................  Robert R. Reynolds  Dec. 5, 1932      Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-84th.......................  Clyde R. Hoey.....  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1957      Died May 12, 1954.
83d.............................  Sam J. Ervin, Jr..  June 5, 1954      Nov. 2, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
83d-93d.........................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1954      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 31, 1974
94th-96th.......................  Robert Morgan.....  Jan. 3, 1975      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-99th.......................  John P. East......  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987      Died June 29, 1986.
99th............................  James T. Broyhill.  July 14, 1986     Nov. 4, 1986      By gov., to fill vac.
99th-102d.......................  Terry Sanford.....  Nov. 5, 1986      Jan. 2, 1993            (\10\)
103d-105th......................  Lauch Faircloth...  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 1999      ......................
106th-108th.....................  John Edwards......  Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
109th-117th.....................  Richard Burr......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1853, to Dec. 6, 1854.
\2\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to July 13, 1868.
\3\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated July 17, 1868.
\4\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1871, to Jan. 29, 1872. Zebulon B. Vance was elected but not admitted.
\5\Elected Nov. 2, 1948, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1949, and at the same time to full term
  commencing Jan. 3, 1949. Died Mar. 6, 1949.
\6\Elected Nov. 2, 1954, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1955, and at the same time to full term ending
  Jan. 2, 1961. Died Apr. 16, 1958.
\7\Did not qualify. Resigned Dec. 5, 1815.
\8\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to July 13, 1868.
\9\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867. Seated July 17, 1868.
\10\ Elected Nov. 5, 1986, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 3, 1987, and at the same time to full term ending
  Jan. 3, 1993.
 

                See footnotes at end of North Dakota table.
                                                              1871  1872

                                                  NORTH DAKOTA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-52d........................  Lyman R. Casey....  Nov. 25, 1889     Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  William N. Roach..  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-67th.......................  Porter J. McCumber  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-76th.......................  Lynn J. Frazier...  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................

[[Page 632]]

 
77th-86th.......................  William Langer....  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1965      Died Nov. 8, 1959.
86th............................  C. Norman           Nov. 19, 1959     Aug. 7, 1960      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Brunsdale.
86th-103d.......................  Quentin N. Burdick  Aug. 8, 1960      Jan. 2, 1995      Died Sept. 8, 1992.
102d............................  Jocelyn Birch       Sept. 12, 1992    Dec. 14, 1992     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Burdick.
102d-112th......................  Kent Conrad.......  Dec. 14, 1992     Jan. 2, 2013            (\1\)
113th-115th.....................  Heidi Heitkamp....  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Kevin Cramer......  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st............................  Gilbert A. Pierce.  Nov. 21, 1889     Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-60th........................  Henry C.            Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
                                   Hansbrough.
61st-63d........................  Martin N. Johnson.  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      Died Oct. 21, 1909.
61st............................  Fountain L.         Nov. 10, 1909         Do.           By gov., to fill
                                   Thompson.                                               vac.\2\
  Do............................  William E. Purcell  Feb. 1, 1910      Feb. 1, 1911          Do.
61st-66th.......................  Asle J. Gronna....  Feb. 2, 1911      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  Edwin F. Ladd.....  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      Died June 22, 1925.
69th............................  Gerald P. Nye.....  Nov. 14, 1925     June 29, 1926     By gov., to fill vac.
69th-78th.......................  ......do..........  June 30, 1926     Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-81st.......................  John Moses........  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1951      Died Mar. 3, 1945.
79th............................  Milton R. Young...  Mar. 12, 1945     June 24, 1946     By gov., to fill vac.
79th-96th.......................  ......do..........  June 25, 1946     Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-99th.......................  Mark Andrews......  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
100th-102d......................  Kent Conrad.......  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 1993            (\3\)
102d-111th......................  Byron L. Dorgan...  Dec. 14, 1992     Jan. 2, 2011            (\4\)
112th-117th.....................  John Hoeven.......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Was serving in the Class 3 Senate seat when he was elected Dec. 4, 1992, to fill the vacancy in Class 1. Sen.
  Conrad resigned his Class 3 seat on Dec. 14, 1992.
\2\Resigned Jan. 31, 1910.
\3\Resigned Dec. 14, 1992, having been elected to the Class 1 Senate seat from North Dakota.
\4\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1993; subsequently appointed by governor on Dec. 14, 1992, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1993, created by the resignation of Sen. Conrad, who switched to the Class 1
  seat.
 

                See footnotes at end of Ohio table.
            1873  1874

                                                      OHIO
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8th-10th........................  John Smith........  Apr. 1, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. Apr. 25, 1808.
10th-13th.......................  Return J. Meigs,    Dec. 12, 1808     Mar. 3, 1815      Res. Dec. 8, 1810\1\
                                   Jr..
11th-13th.......................  Thomas Worthington  Dec. 15, 1810         Do.           Res. Dec. 1, 1814.
13th............................  Joseph Kerr.......  Dec. 10, 1814         Do.           ......................
14th-22d........................  Benjamin Ruggles..  Mar. 4, 1815      Mar. 3, 1833      ......................
23d-25th........................  Thomas Morris.....  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  Benjamin Tappan...  Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1845      ......................
29th-31st.......................  Thomas Corwin.....  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Res. July 20, 1850.
31st............................  Thomas Ewing......  July 20, 1850         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
32d-40th........................  Benjamin F. Wade..  Mar. 15, 1851     Mar. 3, 1869            (\2\)
41st-46th.......................  Allen G. Thurman..  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-55th.......................  John Sherman......  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1899      Res. Mar. 5, 1897.
55th............................  Marcus A. Hanna...  Mar. 5, 1897      Jan. 11, 1898     By gov., to fill vac.
55th-58th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 12, 1898     Mar. 3, 1905      Died Feb. 15, 1904.
58th-61st.......................  Charles W. F. Dick  Mar. 2, 1904      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  Atlee Pomerene....  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-73d........................  Simeon D. Fess....  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  Vic Donahey.......  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
77th-79th.......................  Harold H. Burton..  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1947      Res. Sept. 30, 1945.
79th............................  James W. Huffman..  Oct. 8, 1945      Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Kingsley A. Taft..  Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-85th.......................  John W. Bricker...  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-91st.......................  Stephen M. Young..  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92d-94th........................  Robert Taft, Jr...  Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1977      Res. Dec. 28, 1976.
93d-103d........................  Howard M.           Dec. 29, 1976     Jan. 2, 1995            (\3\)
                                   Metzenbaum.
104th-109th.....................  Mike DeWine.......  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................

[[Page 633]]

 
110th-118th.....................  Sherrod Brown.....  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8th-9th.........................  Thomas Worthington  Apr. 1, 1803      Mar. 3, 1807      ......................
10th-12th.......................  Edward Tiffin.....  Mar. 4, 1807      Mar. 3, 1813      Res. Mar. 3, 1809.
11th............................  Stanley Griswold..  May 18, 1809      Dec. 11, 1809     By gov., to fill vac.
11th-12th.......................  Alexander Campbell  Dec. 11, 1809     Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Jeremiah Morrow...  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      ......................
16th-18th.......................  William A. Trimble  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      Died Dec. 13, 1821.
17th-18th.......................  Ethan Allen Brown.  Jan. 3, 1822          Do.           ......................
19th-21st.......................  William H.          Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      Res. May 20, 1828.
                                   Harrison.
20th-21st.......................  Jacob Burnet......  Dec. 10, 1828         Do.           ......................
22d-24th........................  Thomas Ewing......  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      ......................
25th-30th.......................  William Allen.....  Mar. 4, 1837      Mar. 3, 1849      ......................
31st-33d........................  Salmon P. Chase...  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  George E. Pugh....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  Salmon P. Chase...  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      Res. Mar. 6, 1861.
37th-45th.......................  John Sherman......  Mar. 21, 1861     Mar. 3, 1879      Res. Mar. 8, 1877.
45th............................  Stanley Matthews..  Mar. 21, 1877         Do.           ......................
46th-48th.......................  George H.           Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
                                   Pendleton.
49th-51st.......................  Henry B. Payne....  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  Calvin S. Brice...  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-60th.......................  Joseph B. Foraker.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  Theodore E. Burton  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-66th.......................  Warren G. Harding.  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921            (\4\)
66th-72d........................  Frank B. Willis...  Jan. 14, 1921     Mar. 3, 1933            (\5\)
70th............................  Cyrus Locher......  Apr. 4, 1928      Dec. 14, 1928     By gov., to fill vac.
70th-72d........................  Theodore E. Burton  Dec. 15, 1928     Mar. 3, 1933      Died Oct. 28, 1929.
71st............................  Roscoe C.           Nov. 5, 1929      Nov. 30, 1930     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   McCulloch.
71st-75th.......................  Robert J. Bulkley.  Dec. 1, 1930      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-84th.......................  Robert A. Taft....  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1957      Died July 31, 1953.
83d.............................  Thomas A. Burke...  Nov. 10, 1953     Dec. 2, 1954      By gov., to fill vac.
83d-84th........................  George H. Bender..  Dec. 16, 1954     Jan. 2, 1957            (\6\)
85th-90th.......................  Frank J. Lausche..  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-93d........................  William B. Saxbe..  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Jan. 3, 1974.
93d.............................  Howard M.           Jan. 4, 1974      Jan. 2, 1975            (\7\)
                                   Metzenbaum.
93d-105th.......................  John H. Glenn.....  Dec. 24, 1974     Jan. 2, 1999            (\8\)
106th-111th.....................  George V.           Jan. 3, 1999      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
                                   Voinovich.
112th-117th.....................  Robert Portman....  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned on or before this date, having been elected governor.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Mar. 14, 1851, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\3\Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term ending
  Jan. 2, 1977.
\4\Resigned effective Jan. 13, 1921, having been elected President of the United States for the 34th term on
  Nov. 2, 1920.
\5\Elected in 1920 for the term commencing Mar. 4, 1921; subsequently appointed by governor to fill the vacancy
  in term ending Mar. 3, 1921, caused by the resignation of Warren G. Harding.
\6\Elected Nov. 2, 1954, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1957. Chose to continue as a Member of the House
  of Representatives until Dec. 15, 1954, waiving right to commence service in the Senate on Dec. 3, 1954.
\7\By governor, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1975; resigned Dec. 23, 1974, to fill vacancy in Class 1.
\8\Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 1975; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term ending
  Jan. 2, 1975.
 

                  
                See footnotes at end of Oklahoma table.
                                                              1875  1876

                                                    OKLAHOMA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
60th-68th.......................  Robert L. Owen....  Dec. 11, 1907     Mar. 3. 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  William B. Pine...  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-74th........................  Thomas P. Gore....  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-77th.......................  Josh Lee..........  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-80th.......................  Edward H. Moore...  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-87th.......................  Robert S. Kerr....  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967      Died Jan. 1, 1963.

[[Page 634]]

 
88th............................  J. Howard           Jan. 7, 1963      Nov. 3, 1964      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Edmondson.
88th-92d........................  Fred R. Harris....  Nov. 4, 1964      Jan. 2, 1973      ......................
93d-95th........................  Dewey F. Bartlett.  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-104th......................  David L. Boren....  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      Res. Nov. 15, 1994.
103d-116th......................  James M. Inhofe...  Nov. 16, 1994     Jan. 2, 2021            (\1\)
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
60th-66th.......................  Thomas P. Gore....  Dec. 11, 1907     Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-69th.......................  John W. Harreld...  Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-81st.......................  Elmer Thomas......  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-90th........................  A. S. Mike          Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
                                   Monroney.
91st-96th.......................  Henry Bellmon.....  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-108th......................  Don Nickles.......  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
109th-114th.....................  Tom Coburn........  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2017      Res. Jan. 3, 2015.
114th-117th.....................  James Lankford....  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Nov. 8, 1994. Served in House during interim.
 

                See footnotes at end of Oregon table.
                
            1877  1878

                                                     OREGON
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35th............................  Delazon Smith.....  Feb. 14, 1859     Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  Edward D. Baker...  Oct. 2, 1860      Mar. 3, 1865            (\1\)
37th............................  Benjamin Stark....  Oct. 29, 1861     Sept. 12, 1862    By gov., to fill vac.
37th-38th.......................  Benjamin F.         Sept. 12, 1862    Mar. 3, 1865      ......................
                                   Harding.
39th-41st.......................  George Henry        Mar. 4, 1865      Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
                                   Williams.
42d-44th........................  James K. Kelly....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-47th.......................  La Fayette Grover.  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-53d........................  Joseph N. Dolph...  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-56th.......................  George W. McBride.  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  John H. Mitchell..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      Died Dec. 8, 1905.
59th............................  John M. Gearin....  Dec. 13, 1905     Jan. 23, 1907     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Frederick W.        Jan. 23, 1907     Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
                                   Mulkey.
60th-62d........................  Jonathan Bourne,    Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
                                   Jr..
63d-65th........................  Harry Lane........  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919      Died May 23, 1917.
65th............................  Charles L. McNary.  May 29, 1917      Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Frederick W.        Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1919      Res. Dec. 17, 1918
                                   Mulkey.
65th-80th.......................  Charles L. McNary.  Dec. 18, 1918     Jan. 2, 1949            (\2\)
78th............................  Guy Cordon........  Mar. 4, 1944      Nov. 7, 1944      By gov., to fill vac.
78th-83d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 8, 1944      Jan. 2, 1955      ......................
84th-86th.......................  Richard L.          Jan. 3, 1955      Jan. 2, 1961      Died Mar. 9, 1960.
                                   Neuberger.
86th............................  Hall S. Lusk......  Mar. 16, 1960     Nov. 8, 1960      By gov., to fill vac.
86th-89th.......................  Maurine B.          Nov. 9, 1960      Jan. 2, 1967            (\3\)
                                   Neuberger.
90th-104th......................  Mark O. Hatfield..  Jan. 10, 1967     Jan. 2, 1997            (\4\)
105th-110th.....................  Gordon H. Smith...  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2009      ......................
111th-116th.....................  Jeff Merkley......  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35th-36th.......................  Joseph Lane.......  Feb. 14, 1859     Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-39th.......................  James W. Nesmith..  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-42d........................  Henry W. Corbett..  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1873      ......................
43d-45th........................  John H. Mitchell..  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  James H. Slater...  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      ......................
49th-54th.......................  John H. Mitchell..  Nov. 18, 1885     Mar. 3, 1897            (\5\)
55th-57th.......................  Joseph Simon......  Oct. 8, 1898      Mar. 3, 1903            (\6\)
58th-60th.......................  Charles W. Fulton.  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-66th.......................  George E.           Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
                                   Chamberlain.
67th-69th.......................  Robert N.           Mar. 4, 1921      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
                                   Stanfield.
70th-75th.......................  Frederick Steiwer.  Mar. 4, 1927      Jan. 2, 1939      Res. Jan. 31, 1938.
75th............................  Alfred Evan Reames  Feb. 1, 1938      Nov. 8, 1938      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Alexander G. Barry  Nov. 9, 1938      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................


[[Page 635]]


                                                OREGON--Continued
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76th-78th.......................  Rufus C. Holman...  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-90th.......................  Wayne L. Morse....  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-105th......................  Robert W. Packwood  Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1999      Res. Oct. 1, 1995.
104th-117th.....................  Ron Wyden.........  Feb. 5, 1996      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1859, to Oct. 2, 1860. Killed in the battle of Balls Bluff, Va., Oct. 21, 1861.
\2\Elected to full term commencing Mar. 4, 1919; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Mar. 3, 1919. Died Feb. 25, 1944.
\3\Elected Nov. 8, 1960, to fill unexpired term ending Jan. 2, 1961, and to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1961.
\4\Waived compensation Jan. 3-9, 1967, to complete term as governor.
\5\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Nov. 18, 1885, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\6\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1897, to Oct. 7, 1898, because of failure of legislature to elect.
 

                See footnotes at end of Pennsylvania table.
                                                              1879  1880

                                                  PENNSYLVANIA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st.............................  William Maclay....  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1791      ......................
2d-4th..........................  Albert Gallatin...  Feb. 28, 1793     Mar. 3, 1797            (\1\)
3d-7th..........................  James Ross........  Apr. 24, 1794     Mar. 3, 1803            (\2\)
8th-10th........................  Samuel Maclay.....  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. Jan. 4, 1809.
10th-13th.......................  Michael Leib......  Jan. 9, 1809      Mar. 3, 1815      Res. Feb. 14, 1814.
13th-16th.......................  Jonathan Roberts..  Feb. 24, 1814     Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-19th.......................  William Findlay...  Dec. 10, 1821     Mar. 3, 1827            (\3\)
20th-22d........................  Isaac D. Barnard..  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Dec. 6, 1831.
22d.............................  George M. Dallas..  Dec. 13, 1831         Do.           ......................
23d-25th........................  Samuel McKean.....  Dec. 7, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839            (\4\)
26th-31st.......................  Daniel Sturgeon...  Jan. 14, 1840     Mar. 3, 1851            (\5\)
32d-34th........................  Richard Brodhead..  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Simon Cameron.....  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      Res. Mar. 4, 1861.
37th............................  David Wilmot......  Mar. 14, 1861         Do.           ......................
38th-40th.......................  Charles R.          Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
                                   Buckalew.
41st-43d........................  John Scott........  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  William A. Wallace  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  John I. Mitchell..  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-55th.......................  Matthew S. Quay...  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-58th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 16, 1901     Mar. 3, 1905            (\6\)
58th............................  Philander C. Knox.  June 10, 1904     Jan. 17, 1905     By gov., to fill vac.
59th-61st.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 18, 1905     Mar. 3, 1911      Res. Mar. 4, 1909.
61st-64th.......................  George T. Oliver..  Mar. 17, 1909     Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-67th.......................  Philander C. Knox.  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      Died Oct. 12, 1921.
67th............................  William E. Crow...  Oct. 24, 1921         Do.                 (\7\)
  Do............................  David A. Reed.....  Aug. 8, 1922      Nov. 7, 1922      By gov., to fill vac.
67th-73d........................  ......do..........  Nov. 8, 1922      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-79th.......................  Joseph F. Guffey..  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-85th.......................  Edward Martin.....  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-94th.......................  Hugh Scott........  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-102d.......................  H. John Heinz III.  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1995      Died Apr. 4, 1991.
102d............................  Harris Wofford....  May 8, 1991       Nov. 5, 1991      By gov. to fill vac.
102d-103d.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 6, 1991      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-109th.....................  Rick Santorum.....  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-118th.....................  Robert P. Casey,    Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025
                                   Jr..
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-3d..........................  Robert Morris.....  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1795      ......................
4th-6th.........................  William Bingham...  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  John Peter G.       ................  ................
                                   Muhlen-.
                                    berg............  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Res. June 30, 1801.
7th.............................  George Logan......  July 13, 1801     Dec. 15, 1801     By gov., to fill vac.
7th-9th.........................  ......do..........  Dec. 16, 1801     Mar. 3, 1807      ......................
10th-12th.......................  Andrew Gregg......  Mar. 4, 1807      Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Abner Lacock......  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      ......................
16th-18th.......................  Walter Lowrie.....  Mar. 4, 1819      Mar. 3, 1825      ......................


[[Page 636]]


                                            PENNSYLVANIA--Continuted
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19th-21st.......................  William Marks.....  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-24th........................  William Wilkins...  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. June 30, 1834.
23d-30th........................  James Buchanan....  Dec. 6, 1834      Mar. 3, 1849      Res. Mar. 5, 1845.
29th-30th.......................  Simon Cameron.....  Mar. 13, 1845         Do.           ......................
31st-33d........................  James Cooper......  Mar. 4, 1849      Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  William Bigler....  Jan. 14, 1856     Mar. 3, 1861            (\8\)
37th-39th.......................  Edgar Cowan.......  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-45th.......................  Simon Cameron.....  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1879      Res. Mar. 3, 1877.
45th-54th.......................  James Donald        Mar. 20, 1877     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
                                   Cameron.
55th-69th.......................  Boies Penrose.....  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1927      Died Dec. 31, 1921.
67th............................  George Wharton      Jan. 9, 1922      Nov. 6, 1922      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Pepper.
67th-69th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1922      Mar. 3, 1927      ......................
70th-72d........................  William S. Vare...  Mar. 4, 1927      Mar. 3, 1933            (\9\)
71st............................  Joseph R. Grundy..  Dec. 11, 1929     Dec. 1, 1930      By gov., to fill vac.
71st-78th.......................  James J. Davis....  Dec. 2, 1930      Jan. 2, 1945      ......................
79th-81st.......................  Francis J. Myers..  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-84th........................  James H. Duff.....  Jan. 16, 1951     Jan. 2, 1957            (\10\)
85th-90th.......................  Joseph S. Clark...  Jan. 3, 1957      Jan. 2, 1969      ......................
91st-96th.......................  Richard S.          Jan. 3, 1969      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
                                   Schweiker.
97th-111th......................  Arlen Specter.....  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
112th-117th.....................  Patrick J. Toomey.  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1791, to Feb. 28, 1793, because of failure of legislature to elect. Senate resolution
  of Feb. 28, 1794, declared that Mr. Gallatin had not been a citizen the term of years required by law.
\2\ Vacancy from Feb. 28 to Apr. 23, 1794.
\3\ Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Dec. 10, 1821.
\4\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, to Dec. 7, 1833, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\5\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1839, to Jan. 13, 1840, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\6\ Appointed by governor Apr. 21, 1899, to fill vacancy caused by legislature's failure to elect. By Senate
  resolution of Apr. 24, 1900, was declared not entitled to seat, but was subsequently elected. Vacancy from
  Apr. 24, 1900, to Jan. 16, 1901. Died May 28, 1904.
\7\ By governor, to fill vacancy. Died Aug. 2, 1922.
\8\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1855, to Jan. 14, 1856, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\9\ Credentials as Senator elect were presented and referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections for
  report; meanwhile Mr. Vare was not permitted to qualify and by S. Res. No. 111 of Dec. 6, 1929, was declared
  not entitled to a seat.
\10\ Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 1951. Oath administered on Jan. 18, 1951. Governor during interim.
 

                See footnotes at the end of Rhode Island table.
            1881  1882

                                                  RHODE ISLAND
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-7th.........................  Theodore Foster...  June 12, 1790     Mar. 3, 1803      ......................
8th-10th........................  Samuel J. Potter..  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Died Oct. 14, 1804.
  Do............................  Benjamin Howland..  Oct. 29, 1804         Do.           ......................
11th-13th.......................  Francis Malbone...  Mar. 4, 1809      Mar. 3, 1815      Died June 4, 1809.
  Do............................  Christopher G.      June 26, 1809         Do.           Res. Oct. 2, 1811.
                                   Champlin.
12th-16th.......................  William Hunter....  Oct. 28, 1811     Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-19th.......................  James De Wolf.....  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1827      Res. Oct. 31, 1825.
19th-25th.......................  Asher Robbins.....  Oct. 31, 1825     Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-28th.......................  Nathan F. Dixon     Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1845      Died Jan. 29, 1842.
                                   1st.
27th-28th.......................  William Sprague...  Feb. 5, 1842          Do.           Res. Jan. 17, 1844.
28th............................  John B. Francis...  Jan. 25, 1844         Do.           ......................
29th-31st.......................  Albert C. Greene..  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  Charles T. James..  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  James F. Simmons..  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863      Res. Sept. 5, 1862.
37th............................  Samuel G. Arnold..  Sept. 5, 1862         Do.           ......................
38th-43d........................  William Sprague...  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1875            (\1\)
44th-49th.......................  Ambrose E.          Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1887      Died Sept. 13, 1881.
                                   Burnside.
47th-61st.......................  Nelson W. Aldrich.  Oct. 5, 1881      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  Henry F. Lippitt..  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-70th.......................  Peter G. Gerry....  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-73d........................  Felix Hebert......  Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-79th.......................  Peter G. Gerry....  Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-82d........................  J. Howard McGrath.  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1953      Res. Aug. 23, 1949.
80th-81st.......................  Edward L. Leahy...  Aug. 24, 1949     Nov. 7, 1950      By gov., to fill vac.
81st-94th.......................  John O. Pastore...  Dec. 19, 1950     Jan. 2, 1977      Res. Dec. 28, 1976.

[[Page 637]]

 
94th-106th......................  John H. Chafee....  Dec. 29, 1976     Jan. 2, 2001            (\2\)
106th...........................  Lincoln D. Chafee.  Nov. 2, 1999      Jan. 2, 2001      By gov., to fill vac.
107th-109th.....................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-118th.....................  Sheldon Whitehouse  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  Joseph Stanton,     June 12, 1790     Mar. 3, 1793      ......................
                                   Jr..
3d-5th..........................  William Bradford..  Mar. 4, 1793      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. in Oct. 1797.
5th-8th.........................  Ray Greene........  Nov. 13, 1797     Mar. 3, 1805      Res. Mar. 5, 1801.
7th-8th.........................  Christopher Ellery  May 6, 1801           Do.           ......................
9th-11th........................  James Fenner......  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1811      Res. in Sept. 1807.
10th-11th.......................  Elisha Mathewson..  Oct. 26, 1807         Do.           ......................
12th-14th.......................  Jeremiah B. Howell  Mar. 4, 1811      Mar. 3, 1817      ......................
15th-17th.......................  James Burrill, Jr.  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      Died Dec. 25, 1820.
16th-26th.......................  Nehemiah R. Knight  Jan. 9, 1821      Mar. 3, 1841      ......................
27th-29th.......................  James F. Simmons..  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-32d........................  John H. Clarke....  Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  Philip Allen......  July 20, 1853     Mar. 3, 1859            (\3\)
36th-50th.......................  Henry B. Anthony..  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1889      Died Sept. 2, 1884.
48th............................  William P.          Nov. 19, 1884     Jan. 20, 1885     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Sheffield.
48th-53d........................  Jonathan Chace....  Jan. 20, 1885     Mar. 3, 1895      Res. Apr. 9, 1889.
51st-53d........................  Nathan F. Dixon 3d  Apr. 10, 1889         Do.           ......................
54th-59th.......................  George Peabody      Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
                                   Wetmore.
60th-62d........................  ......do..........  Jan. 22, 1908     Mar. 3, 1913            (\4\)
63d-68th........................  LeBaron B. Colt...  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1925      Died Aug. 18, 1924.
68th-74th.......................  Jesse H. Metcalf..  Nov. 5, 1924      Jan. 2, 1937            (\5\)
75th-86th.......................  Theodore Francis    Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1961      ......................
                                   Green.
87th-104th......................  Claiborne Pell....  Jan. 3, 1961      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-116th.....................  Jack Reed.........  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Nephew of William Sprague, above, who served Feb. 5, 1842-Jan. 17, 1844.
\2\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1977; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 3, 1977. Died Oct. 24, 1999.
\3\ Elected May 4, 1853. Served as governor until July 20, 1853. Vacancy from Mar. 4 to July 20, 1853.
\4\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1907, to Jan. 21, 1908, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\5\Vacancy from Aug. 19 to Nov. 4, 1924, because of failure of legislature to elect.
 

                See footnotes at end of South Carolina table.
                                                              1883  1884

                                                 SOUTH CAROLINA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-5th.........................  Pierce Butler.....  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1799      Res. Oct. 25, 1796.
4th-5th.........................  John Hunter.......  Dec. 8, 1796          Do.           Res. Nov. 26, 1798.
5th-8th.........................  Charles Pinckney..  Dec. 6, 1798      Mar. 3, 1805      Res. in 1801.
7th-11th........................  Thomas Sumter.....  Dec. 15, 1801     Mar. 3, 1811      Res. Dec. 16, 1810.
11th-14th.......................  John Taylor.......  Dec. 31, 1810     Mar. 3, 1817      Res. in Nov. 1816.
14th-17th.......................  William Smith.....  Dec. 4, 1816      Mar. 3, 1823      ......................
18th-23d........................  Robert Young Hayne  Mar. 4, 1823      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. Dec. 13, 1832.
22d-29th........................  John C. Calhoun...  Dec. 29, 1832     Mar. 3, 1847            (\1\)
28th-29th.......................  Daniel Elliott      Mar. 4, 1843          Do.           Res. Mar. 3, 1845.
                                   Huger.
29th-32d........................  John C. Calhoun...  Nov. 26, 1845     Mar. 3, 1853            (\2\)
31st............................  Franklin H. Elmore  Apr. 11, 1850     Dec. 18, 1850           (\3\)
  Do............................  Robert W. Barnwell  June 4, 1850          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
31st-32d........................  R. Barnwell Rhett.  Dec. 18, 1850     Mar. 3, 1853      Res. May 7, 1852.
32d.............................  William F. De       May 10, 1852      Nov. 28, 1852     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Saussure.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Nov. 29, 1852     Mar. 3, 1853      ......................
33d-35th........................  Josiah J. Evans...  Mar. 4, 1853      Mar. 3, 1859      Died May 6, 1858.
35th............................  Arthur P. Hayne...  May 11, 1858      Dec. 2, 1858      By gov., to fill vac.
35th-36th.......................  James Chesnut, Jr.  Dec. 3, 1858      Mar. 3, 1865            (\4\)
40th-44th.......................  Thomas J.           July 15, 1868     Mar. 3, 1877            (\5\)
                                   Robertson.
45th-53d........................  Matthew C. Butler.  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-65th.......................  Benjamin R.         Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1919      Died July 3, 1918.
                                   Tillman.
65th............................  Christie Benet....  July 6, 1918      Nov. 5, 1918      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  William P. Pollock  Nov. 6, 1918      Mar. 3, 1919      ......................

[[Page 638]]

 
66th-68th.......................  Nathaniel B. Dial.  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  Coleman L. Blease.  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-77th........................  James F. Byrnes...  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1943      Res. July 8, 1941.
77th............................  Alva M. Lumpkin...  July 22, 1941     Nov. 4, 1941            (\6\)
  Do............................  Roger C. Peace....  Aug. 5, 1941      Nov. 4, 1941      By gov., to fill vac.
77th-83d........................  Burnet R. Maybank.  Nov. 5, 1941      Jan. 2, 1955      Died Sept. 1, 1954.
83d.............................  Charles E. Daniel.  Sept. 6, 1954     Jan. 2, 1955      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\7\
83d-86th........................  Strom Thurmond....  Dec. 24, 1954     Jan. 2, 1961      Res. Apr. 4, 1956.\8\
84th............................  Thomas A. Wofford.  Apr. 5, 1956      Nov. 6, 1956      By gov., to fill vac.
85th-107th......................  Strom Thurmond....  Nov. 7, 1956      Jan. 2, 2003            (\9\)
108th-116th.....................  Lindsey Graham....  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2021
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-3d..........................  Ralph Izard.......  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1795      ......................
4th-6th.........................  Jacob Read........  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1801      ......................
7th-9th.........................  John Ewing Colhoun  Mar. 4, 1801      Mar. 3, 1807      Died Oct. 26, 1802.
  Do............................  Pierce Butler.....  Nov. 4, 1802          Do.           Res. Nov. 21, 1804.
8th-21st........................  John Gaillard.....  Dec. 6, 1804      Mar. 3, 1831      Died Feb. 26, 1826.
19th............................  William Harper....  Mar. 8, 1826      Nov. 29, 1826     By gov., to fill vac.
19th-21st.......................  William Smith.....  Nov. 29, 1826     Mar. 3, 1831      ......................
22d-24th........................  Stephen D. Miller.  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1837      Res. Mar. 2, 1833.
23d-27th........................  William C. Preston  Nov. 26, 1833     Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Nov. 29, 1842.
27th-30th.......................  George McDuffie...  Dec. 2, 1842      Mar. 3, 1849      Res. Aug. 17,
                                                                                           1846.\10\
29th-36th.......................  Andrew P. Butler..  Dec. 4, 1846      Mar. 3, 1861      Died May 25, 1857.
35th-36th.......................  James H. Hammond..  Dec. 7, 1857          Do.                 (\11\)
40th-42d........................  Frederick A.        July 16, 1868     Mar. 3, 1873            (\12\)
                                   Sawyer.
43d-45th........................  John J. Patterson.  Mar. 4, 1873      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-51st.......................  Wade Hampton......  Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  John L. M. Irby...  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  Joseph H. Earle...  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      Died May 20, 1897.
55th............................  John L. McLaurin..  May 27, 1897      Jan. 25, 1898     By gov., to fill vac.
55th-57th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 26, 1898     Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-60th.......................  Asbury C. Latimer.  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      Died Feb. 20, 1908.
60th............................  Frank B. Gary.....  Mar. 6, 1908          Do.           ......................
61st-78th.......................  Ellison D. Smith..  Mar. 4, 1909      Jan. 2, 1945      Died Nov. 17, 1944.
78th............................  Wilton E. Hall....  Nov. 20, 1944         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
79th-90th.......................  Olin D. Johnston..  Jan. 3, 1945      Jan. 2, 1969      Died Apr. 18, 1965.
89th-90th.......................  Donald Russell....  Apr. 22, 1965         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
89th-108th......................  Ernest F. Hollings  Nov. 9, 1966      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
109th-114th.....................  James DeMint......  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2017      Res. Jan. 1, 2013.
112th-113th.....................  Tim Scott.........  Jan. 2, 2013      Nov. 4, 2014      By gov., to fill vac.
113th-117th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 2014      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Dec. 12, 1832. Took oath Jan. 4, 1833. Vice President during interim. Resigned Mar. 3, 1843.
\2\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Nov. 26, 1845. Died Mar. 31, 1850.
\3\By governor, to fill vacancy. Died May 29, 1850.
\4\Withdrew from the Senate Nov. 10, 1860. Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Nov. 10,
  1860, to July 14, 1868.
\5\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865.
\6\By governor, to fill vacancy. Died Aug. 1, 1941.
\7\Resigned effective Dec. 23, 1954.
\8\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1955; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1955.
\9\Elected Nov. 6, 1956, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1961.
\10\Vacancy from Aug. 18 to Dec. 3, 1846.
\11\Withdrew from Senate Nov. 11, 1860. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Nov. 11, 1860, to July 15, 1868.
\12\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867.
 

                See footnotes at the end of South Dakota table.
            1885  1886

                                                  SOUTH DAKOTA
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-56th.......................  Richard F.          Nov. 2, 1889      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
                                   Pettigrew.

[[Page 639]]

 
57th-62d........................  Robert J. Gamble..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-68th........................  Thomas Sterling...  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  William H.          Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
                                   McMaster.
72d-77th........................  William J. Bulow..  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-80th.......................  Harlan J.           Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      Died Sept. 27, 1948.
                                   Bushfield.
80th............................  Vera C. Bushfield.  Oct. 6, 1948      Jan. 2, 1949      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\1\
80th-92d........................  Karl E. Mundt.....  Dec. 31, 1948     Jan. 2, 1973            (\2\)
93d-95th........................  James Abourezk....  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      ......................
96th-104th......................  Larry Pressler....  Jan. 3, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997      ......................
105th-113th.....................  Tim Johnson.......  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2015
114th-116th.....................  Mike Rounds.......  Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st............................  Gideon C. Moody...  Nov. 2, 1889      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-57th........................  James H. Kyle.....  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1903      Died July 1, 1901.
57th............................  Alfred B.           July 11, 1901     Jan. 20, 1903     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Kittredge.
57th-60th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 21, 1903     Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-63d........................  Coe I. Crawford...  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-66th.......................  Edwin S. Johnson..  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      ......................
67th-75th.......................  Peter Norbeck.....  Mar. 4, 1921      Jan. 2, 1939      Died Dec. 20, 1936.
74th-75th.......................  Herbert E.          Dec. 29, 1936     Nov. 8, 1938      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Hitchcock.
75th............................  Gladys Pyle.......  Nov. 9, 1938      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-81st.......................  J. Chandler Gurney  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-87th........................  Francis Case......  Jan 3, 1951       Jan. 2, 1963      Died June 22, 1962.
87th............................  Joe H. Bottum.....  July 9, 1962          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
88th-96th.......................  George McGovern...  Jan. 3, 1963      Jan. 2, 1981      ......................
97th-99th.......................  James Abdnor......  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
100th-108th.....................  Thomas A. Daschle.  Jan. 3, 1987      Jan. 2, 2005      ......................
109th-117th.....................  John Thune........  Jan. 3, 2005      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Resigned Dec. 26, 1948.
\2\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1949; subsequently appointed by governor on Dec. 27, 1948, to fill
  vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1949. Oath administered Dec. 31, 1948. Continued to serve as Member of House of
  Representatives during interim.
 

                See footnotes at end of Tennessee table.
                                                              1887  1888

                                                    TENNESSEE
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4th.............................  William Cocke.....  Aug. 2, 1796      Mar. 3, 1797      ......................
5th.............................  ......do..........  Apr. 22, 1797     Sept. 26, 1797          (\1\)
5th-7th.........................  Andrew Jackson....  Sept. 26, 1797    Mar. 3, 1803      Res. in April 1798.
5th.............................  Daniel Smith......  Oct. 6, 1798      Mar. 3, 1799      By gov., to fill vac.
5th-10th........................  Joseph Anderson...  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1809            (\2\)
11th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1809      Apr. 10, 1809     By gov., to fill vac.
11th-13th.......................  ......do..........  Apr. 11, 1809     Mar. 3, 1815      ......................
14th-16th.......................  George W. Campbell  Oct. 10, 1815     Mar. 3, 1821            (\3\)
15th-16th.......................  John H. Eaton.....  Sept. 5, 1818     Oct. 8, 1819      By gov., to fill vac.
16th-22d........................  ......do..........  Oct. 9, 1819      Mar. 3, 1833      Res. Mar. 9, 1829.
21st-25th.......................  Felix Grundy......  Oct. 19, 1829     Mar. 3, 1839      Res. July 4, 1838.
25th............................  Ephraim H. Foster.  Sept. 17, 1838        Do.                 (\4\)
26th-28th.......................  Felix Grundy......  Dec. 14, 1839     Mar. 3, 1845      Died Dec. 19, 1840.
26th-27th.......................  Alfred O. P.        Dec. 25, 1840     Feb. 7, 1842      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Nicholson.
28th............................  Ephraim H. Foster.  Oct. 17, 1843     Mar. 3, 1845            (\5\)
29th-31st.......................  Hopkins L. Turney.  Mar. 4, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-34th........................  James C. Jones....  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-37th.......................  Andrew Johnson....  Oct. 8, 1857      Mar. 3, 1863            (\6\)
39th-40th.......................  David T. Patterson  July 24, 1866     Mar. 3, 1869            (\7\)
41st-43d........................  William G.          Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
                                   Brownlow.
44th-46th.......................  Andrew Johnson....  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      Died July 31, 1875.
44th............................  David M. Key......  Aug. 18, 1875     Jan. 19, 1877     By gov., to fill vac.
44th-46th.......................  James E. Bailey...  Jan. 19, 1877     Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  Howell E. Jackson.  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      Res. Apr. 14, 1886.
49th............................  Washington C......  ................  ................
                                    Whitthorne......  Apr. 16, 1886         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
50th-61st.......................  William B. Bate...  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1911      Died Mar. 9, 1905.

                Footnotes continued on next page.

[[Page 640]]



                                              TENNESSEE--Continued
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
59th-61st.......................  James B. Frazier..  Mar. 21, 1905         Do.           ......................
62d-64th........................  Luke Lea..........  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-82d........................  Kenneth D.          Mar. 4, 1917      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
                                   McKellar.
83d-91st........................  Albert Gore.......  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1971      ......................
92d-94th........................  William E. Brock    Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
                                   III.
95th-103d.......................  James R. Sasser...  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-109th.....................  Bill Frist........  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-115th.....................  Bob Corker........  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Marsha Blackburn..  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4th-5th.........................  William Blount....  Aug. 2, 1796      Mar. 3, 1799      Exp. July 8, 1797.
5th.............................  Joseph Anderson...  Sept. 26, 1797        Do.           ......................
6th-8th.........................  William Cocke.....  Mar. 4, 1799      Mar. 3, 1805      ......................
9th-11th........................  Daniel Smith......  Mar. 4, 1805      Mar. 3, 1811      Res. Mar. 31, 1809.
11th-14th.......................  Jenkin Whiteside..  Apr. 11, 1809     Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Oct. 8, 1811.
12th-14th.......................  George W. Campbell  Oct. 8, 1811          Do.           Res. Feb. 11, 1814.
13th-14th.......................  Jesse Wharton.....  Mar. 17, 1814     Oct. 10, 1815     By gov., to fill vac.
14th............................  John Williams.....  Oct. 10, 1815     Mar. 3, 1817      ......................
15th............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1817      Oct. 1, 1817            (\8\)
15th-17th.......................  ......do..........  Oct. 2, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      ......................
18th-20th.......................  Andrew Jackson....  Mar. 4, 1823      Mar. 3, 1829      Res. Oct. 14, 1825.
19th-23d........................  Hugh Lawson White.  Oct. 28, 1825     Mar. 3, 1835      ......................
24th-26th.......................  ......do..........  Oct. 6, 1835      Mar. 3, 1841      Res. Jan. 13, 1840.\9\
26th............................  Alexander Anderson  Jan. 27, 1840         Do.           ......................
28th-29th.......................  Spencer Jarnagin..  Oct. 17, 1843     Mar. 3, 1847            (\10\)
30th-32d........................  John Bell.........  Nov. 22, 1847     Mar. 3, 1853            (\11\)
33d-35th........................  ......do..........  Oct. 29, 1853     Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  Alfred O. P.        Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865            (\12\)
                                   Nicholson.
39th-41st.......................  Joseph S. Fowler..  July 24, 1866     Mar. 3, 1871            (\13\)
42d-44th........................  Henry Cooper......  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1877      ......................
45th-56th.......................  Isham G. Harris...  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1901      Died July 8, 1897.
55th............................  Thomas B. Turley..  July 20, 1897     Feb. 1, 1898      By gov., to fill vac.
55th-56th.......................  ......do..........  Feb. 2, 1898      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-59th.......................  Edward W. Carmack.  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1907      ......................
60th-62d........................  Robert L. Taylor..  Mar. 4, 1907      Mar. 3, 1913      Died Mar. 31, 1912.
62d.............................  Newell Sanders....  Apr. 8, 1912      Jan. 24, 1913     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  William R. Webb...  Jan. 24, 1913     Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-68th........................  John K. Shields...  Mar. 4, 1913      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  Lawrence D. Tyson.  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      Died Aug. 24, 1929.
71st............................  William E. Brock..  Sept. 2, 1929     Nov. 3, 1930      By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Nov. 4, 1930      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................
72d-74th........................  Cordell Hull......  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1937      Res. Mar. 3, 1933.
73d.............................  Nathan L. Bachman.  Mar. 4, 1933      Nov. 6, 1934      By gov., to fill vac.
73d-77th........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1934      Jan. 2, 1943      Died Apr. 23, 1937.
75th............................  George L. Berry...  May 6, 1937       Nov. 8, 1938      By gov., to fill vac.
75th-80th.......................  Tom Stewart.......  Jan. 16, 1939     Jan. 2, 1949            (\14\)
81st-89th.......................  Estes Kefauver....  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967      Died Aug. 10, 1963.
88th............................  Herbert S. Walters  Aug. 20, 1963     Nov. 3, 1964      By gov., to fill vac.
88th-89th.......................  Ross Bass.........  Nov. 4, 1964      Jan. 2, 1967      ......................
90th-98th.......................  Howard H. Baker,    Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1985      ......................
                                   Jr..
99th-104th......................  Albert Gore, Jr...  Jan. 3, 1985      Jan. 2, 1997            (\15\)
102d-103d.......................  Harlan Mathews....  Jan. 2, 1993      Dec. 1, 1994      By gov., to fill vac.
103d-107th......................  Fred Thompson.....  Dec. 2, 1994      Jan. 2, 2003      ......................
108th-116th.....................  Lamar Alexander...  Jan. 3, 2003      Jan. 2, 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\By governor, to fill vacancy because of legislature's failure to elect.
\2\Elected on Dec. 12, 1798, but remained in the other Tennessee seat until Mar. 3, 1799.
\3\Vacancy from Mar. 1 to Oct. 10, 1815. Resigned, effective Apr. 20, 1818.
\4\By governor, to fill vacancy; subsequently elected to term beginning Mar. 4, 1839; resigned Mar. 3, 1839.
  Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Dec. 14, 1839.
\5\Vacancy from Feb. 8, 1842, to Oct. 16, 1843.
\6\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Oct. 7, 1857. Resigned Mar. 4, 1862, to become military governor of Tennessee. Because
  of Civil War, vacancy from Mar. 4, 1862, to July 24, 1866, when Tennessee was readmitted to representation.
\7\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1863. Seated July 28, 1866, after the Senate
  resolved a challenge to his credentials.
\8\By governor, during recess of legislature.
\9\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Oct. 5, 1835.

[[Page 641]]

 
\10\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1841, to Oct. 16, 1843.
\11\Vacancy from Mar. 4 to Oct. 28, 1853.
\12\Withdrew Mar. 3, 1861. Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Mar. 3, 1861, to July 24,
  1866, when Tennessee was readmitted to representation.
\13\By legislature to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated July 25, 1866.
\14\Elected Nov. 8, 1938, but did not assume duties until Jan. 16, 1939. Vacancy from Nov. 9, 1938, to Jan. 15,
  1939.
\15\Resigned Jan. 2, 1993, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 52nd term on Nov. 3,
  1992.
 

                  
                                                              1889  1890

                                                      TEXAS
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29th-37th.......................  Thomas J. Rusk....  Feb. 21, 1846     Mar. 3, 1863      Died July 29, 1857.
35th-37th.......................  J. Pinckney         Nov. 9, 1857          Do.                 (\1\)
                                   Henderson.
35th-36th.......................  Matthias Ward.....  Sept. 27, 1858    Dec. 5, 1859      By gov., to fill vac.
36th-37th.......................  Louis T. Wigfall..  Dec. 5, 1859      Mar. 3, 1863            (\2\)
41st-43d........................  J. W. Flanagan....  Mar. 30, 1870     Mar. 3, 1875            (\3\)
44th-49th.......................  Samuel B. Maxey...  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-52d........................  John H. Reagan....  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1893      Res. June 10, 1891.
52d.............................  Horace Chilton....  June 10, 1891     Mar. 22, 1892     By gov., to fill vac.
52d-55th........................  Roger Q. Mills....  Mar. 23, 1892     Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-67th.......................  Charles A.          Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
                                   Culberson.
68th-70th.......................  Earle B. Mayfield.  Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-82d........................  Tom Connally......  Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-85th........................  Price Daniel......  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1959      Res. Jan. 14, 1957.
85th............................  Wm. A. Blakley....  Jan. 15, 1957     Apr. 28, 1957     By gov., to fill vac.
85th-91st.......................  Ralph Yarborough..  Apr. 29, 1957     Jan. 2, 1971            (\4\)
92d-103d........................  Lloyd M. Bentsen,   Jan. 3, 1971      Jan. 2, 1995      Res. Jan. 20, 1993.
                                   Jr..
103d............................  Bob Krueger.......  Jan. 21, 1993     June 14, 1993     By gov., to fill vac.
103d-112th......................  Kay Bailey          June 14, 1993     Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
                                   Hutchison.
113th-118th.....................  Ted Cruz..........  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29th-35th.......................  Sam Houston.......  Feb. 21, 1846     Mar. 3, 1859      ......................
36th-38th.......................  John Hemphill.....  Mar. 4, 1859      Mar. 3, 1865            (\5\)
41st-44th.......................  Morgan C. Hamilton  Mar. 30, 1870     Mar. 3, 1877            (\6\)
45th-53d........................  Richard Coke......  Mar. 4, 1877      Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-56th.......................  Horace Chilton....  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1901      ......................
57th-62d........................  Joseph W. Bailey..  Mar. 4, 1901      Mar. 3, 1913      Res. Jan. 3, 1913.
62d.............................  Rienzi M. Johnston  Jan. 4, 1913      Jan. 29, 1913     By gov., to fill vac.
62d-77th........................  Morris Sheppard...  Jan. 29, 1913     Jan. 2, 1943      Died Apr. 9, 1941.
77th............................  Andrew Jackson      Apr. 21, 1941     June 26, 1941           (\7\)
                                   Houston.
77th-80th.......................  W. Lee O'Daniel...  Aug. 4, 1941      Jan. 2, 1949            (\8\)
81st-87th.......................  Lyndon B. Johnson.  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1967            (\9\)
87th............................  Wm. A. Blakley....  Jan. 3, 1961      June 14, 1961     By gov., to fill vac.
87th-98th.......................  John G. Tower.....  June 15, 1961     Jan. 2, 1985            (\10\)
99th-107th......................  Phil Gramm........  Jan. 3, 1985      Jan. 2, 2003      Res. Nov. 30, 2002.
107th-116th.....................  John Cornyn.......  Dec. 2, 2002      Jan. 2, 2021            (\11\)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\By gov., to fill vac.; died June 4, 1858.
\2\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to Mar. 30, 1870, when Texas was
  readmitted to representation.
\3\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1869. Seated Mar. 31, 1870.
\4\Elected Apr. 2, 1957, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1959. Took oath Apr. 29, 1957.
\5\Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from July 11, 1861, to Mar. 30, 1870, when Texas was
  readmitted to representation.
\6\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated Mar. 31, 1870.
\7\By governor, to fill vacancy. Died June 26, 1941.
\8\Elected June 28, 1941. Took oath Aug. 4, 1941, Governor during interim.
\9\Elected Nov. 8, 1960, to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1961, but resigned Jan. 3, 1961, immediately after
  taking oath of office, having been elected Vice President of the United States for the 44th term on Nov. 8,
  1960.
\10\Elected May 27, 1961, to serve unexpired term. See S. Jour. 547, 87-1, July 17, 1961.
\11\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 2003; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 2003.
 

                See footnotes at end of Utah table.

[[Page 642]]


            1891  1892

                                                      UTAH
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54th-55th.......................  Frank J. Cannon...  Jan. 22, 1896     Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-58th.......................  Thomas Kearns.....  Jan. 23, 1901     Mar. 3, 1905            (\1\)
59th-65th.......................  George Sutherland.  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-76th.......................  William H. King...  Mar. 4, 1917      Jan. 2, 1941      ......................
77th-79th.......................  Abe Murdock.......  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
80th-85th.......................  Arthur V. Watkins.  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-94th.......................  Frank E. Moss.....  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-115th......................  Orrin G. Hatch....  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 2019      ......................
116th-118th.....................  Mitt Romney.......  Jan. 3, 2019      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54th............................  Arthur Brown......  Jan. 22, 1896     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  Joseph L. Rawlins.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-72d........................  Reed Smoot........  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-81st........................  Elbert D. Thomas..  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1951      ......................
82d-93d.........................  Wallace F. Bennett  Jan. 3, 1951      Jan. 2, 1975      Res. Dec. 20, 1974.
93d-102d........................  E. J. ``Jake''      Dec. 21, 1974     Jan. 2, 1993            (\2\)
                                   Garn.
103d-111th......................  Robert F. Bennett.  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
112th-117th.....................  Mike Lee..........  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
\1\Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1899 to Jan. 22, 1901, because of failure of legislature to elect.
\2\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1975; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1975.
 

                See footnotes at end of Vermont table.
            1893  1894

                                                     VERMONT
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2d-4th..........................  Moses Robinson....  Oct. 17, 1791     Mar. 3, 1797      Res. Oct. 15, 1796.
4th-7th.........................  Isaac Tichenor....  Oct. 18, 1796     Mar. 3, 1803      Res. Oct. 17, 1797.
5th-7th.........................  Nathaniel Chipman.  Oct. 17, 1797         Do.           ......................
8th-10th........................  Israel Smith......  Mar. 4, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. Oct. 1, 1807.
10th-13th.......................  Jonathan Robinson.  Oct. 10, 1807     Mar. 3, 1815      ......................
14th-16th.......................  Issac Tichenor....  Mar. 4, 1815      Mar. 3, 1821      ......................
17th-22d........................  Horatio Seymour...  Mar. 4, 1821      Mar. 3, 1833      ......................
23d-25th........................  Benjamin Swift....  Mar. 4, 1833      Mar. 3, 1839      ......................
26th-31st.......................  Samuel S. Phelps..  Mar. 4, 1839      Mar. 3, 1851      ......................
32d-40th........................  Solomon Foot......  Mar. 4, 1851      Mar. 3, 1869      Died Mar. 28, 1866.
39th............................  George F. Edmunds.  Apr. 3, 1866      Oct. 23, 1866     By gov., to fill vac.
39th-52d........................  ......do..........  Oct. 24, 1866     Mar. 3, 1893      Res. Nov. 1, 1891.
52d.............................  Redfield Proctor..  Nov. 2, 1891      Oct. 18, 1892     By gov., to fill vac.
52d-61st........................  ......do..........  Oct. 19, 1892     Mar. 3, 1911      Died Mar. 4, 1908.
60th............................  John W. Stewart...  Mar. 24, 1908     Oct. 20, 1908     By gov., to fill vac.
60th-67th.......................  Carroll S. Page...  Oct. 21, 1908     Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-73d........................  Frank L. Greene...  Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1935      Died Dec. 17, 1930.
71st-72d........................  Frank C. Partridge  Dec. 23, 1930     Mar. 31, 1931     By gov., to fill vac.
72d-79th........................  Warren R. Austin..  Apr. 1, 1931      Jan. 2, 1947      Res. Aug. 2, 1946.
79th............................  Ralph E. Flanders.  Nov. 1, 1946          Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
80th-85th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-94th.......................  Winston L. Prouty.  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      Died Sept. 10, 1971.
92d.............................  Robert T. Stafford  Sept. 16, 1971    Jan. 7, 1972      By gov., to fill vac.
92d-100th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 7, 1972      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-109th.....................  James M. Jeffords.  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-118th.....................  Bernard Sanders...  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2d-3d...........................  Stephen R. Bradley  Oct. 17, 1791     Mar. 3, 1795      ......................
4th-6th.........................  Elijah Paine......  Mar. 4, 1795      Mar. 3, 1802      Res. Sept. 1, 1801.
7th-12th........................  Stephen R. Bradley  Oct. 15, 1801     Mar. 3, 1813      ......................
13th-15th.......................  Dudley Chase......  Mar. 4, 1813      Mar. 3, 1819      Res. Nov. 3, 1817.
15th............................  James Fisk........  Nov. 4, 1817          Do.           Res. Jan. 8, 1818.
15th-18th.......................  William A. Palmer.  Oct. 20, 1818     Mar. 3, 1825      ......................
19th-21st.......................  Dudley Chase......  Mar. 4, 1825      Mar. 3, 1831      ......................


[[Page 643]]


                                               VERMONT--Continued
                                                     Class 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22d-27th........................  Samuel Prentiss...  Mar. 4, 1831      Mar. 3, 1843      Res. Apr. 11, 1842.
27th............................  Samuel C. Crafts..  Apr. 23, 1842     Oct. 25, 1842     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Oct. 26, 1842     Mar. 3, 1843      ......................
28th-33d........................  William Upham.....  Mar. 4, 1843      Mar. 3, 1855      Died Jan. 14, 1853.
32d-33d.........................  Samuel S. Phelps..  Jan. 17, 1853     Mar. 16, 1854           (\1\)
33d.............................  Lawrence Brainerd.  Oct. 14, 1854     Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-39th.......................  Jacob Collamer....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1867      Died Nov. 9, 1865.
39th............................  Luke P. Poland....  Nov. 21, 1865     Oct. 23, 1866     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  ......do..........  Oct. 24, 1866     Mar. 3, 1867      ......................
40th-57th.......................  Justin S. Morrill.  Mar. 4, 1867      Mar. 3, 1903      Died Dec. 28, 1898.
55th-56th.......................  Jonathan Ross.....  Jan. 11, 1899     Oct. 17, 1900     By gov., to fill vac.
56th-69th.......................  William P.          Oct. 18, 1900     Mar. 3, 1927      Died July 12, 1923.\2\
                                   Dillingham.
68th-75th.......................  Porter H. Dale....  Nov. 6, 1923      Jan. 2, 1939      Died Oct. 6, 1933.\3\
73d.............................  Ernest W. Gibson..  Nov. 21, 1933     Jan. 16, 1934     By gov., to fill vac.
73d-78th........................  ......do..........  Jan. 17, 1934     Jan. 2, 1945      Died June 20, 1940.
76th............................  Ernest W. Gibson,   June 24, 1940     Jan. 2, 1941      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Jr..
77th-93d........................  George D. Aiken...  Jan. 10, 1941     Jan. 2, 1975            (\4\)
94th-117th......................  Patrick J. Leahy..  Jan. 3, 1975      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\By governor, to fill vacancy. By resolution of Senate, Mar. 16, 1854, declared not entitled to retain his
  seat. Vacancy from Mar. 16 to Oct. 13, 1854.
\2\Vacancy from July 13 to Nov. 5, 1923.
\3\Vacancy from Oct. 7 to Nov. 20, 1933.
\4\Elected Nov. 5, 1940, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1945. Took oath Jan. 10, 1941. Governor during
  interim.
 

                See footnotes at end of Virginia table.
                                                              1895  1896

                                                    VIRGINIA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st.............................  William Grayson...  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1791      Died Mar. 12, 1790.
  Do............................  John Walker.......  Mar. 31, 1790     Nov. 9, 1790      By gov., to fill vac.
1st-4th.........................  James Monroe......  Nov. 9, 1790      Mar. 3, 1797      Res. May 27, 1794.
3d-10th.........................  Stevens T. Mason..  Nov. 18, 1794     Mar. 3, 1809      Died May 10, 1803.
8th.............................  John Taylor.......  June 4, 1803      Dec. 7, 1803      By gov., to fill vac.
8th-10th........................  Abraham B. Venable  Dec. 7, 1803      Mar. 3, 1809      Res. June 7, 1804.
8th.............................  William B. Giles..  Aug. 11, 1804     Dec. 4, 1804      By gov., to fill vac.
8th-10th........................  Andrew Moore......  Dec. 4, 1804      Mar. 3, 1809      ......................
11th-13th.......................  Richard Brent.....  Mar. 4, 1809      Mar. 3, 1815      Died Dec. 30, 1814.
13th-19th.......................  James C. Barbour..  Jan. 2, 1815      Mar. 3, 1827      Res. Mar. 27, 1825.
19th............................  John Randolph.....  Dec. 9, 1825          Do.           ......................
20th-25th.......................  John Tyler........  Mar. 4, 1827      Mar. 3, 1839      Res. Feb. 29, 1836.
24th-25th.......................  William C. Rives..  Mar. 4, 1836          Do.           ......................
26th-28th.......................  ......do..........  Jan. 18, 1841     Mar. 3, 1845            (\1\)
29th-31st.......................  Isaac S.            Dec. 3, 1845      Mar. 3, 1851      Died Jan. 12, 1847.
                                   Pennybacker.
29th-37th.......................  James M. Mason....  Jan. 21, 1847     Mar. 3, 1863            (\2\)
37th............................  Waitman T. Willey.  July 9, 1861          Do.                 (\3\)
38th-40th.......................  Lemuel J. Bowden..  Mar. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869            (\4\)
41st-43d........................  John F. Lewis.....  Jan. 26, 1870     Mar. 3, 1875            (\5\)
44th-46th.......................  Robert E. Withers.  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  William Mahone....  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-64th.......................  John W. Daniel....  Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1917      Died June 29, 1910.
61st............................  Claude A. Swanson.  Aug. 1, 1910      Mar. 3, 1911      By gov., to fill vac.
62d.............................  ......do..........  Mar. 4, 1911      Jan. 23, 1912         Do.
62d-73d.........................  ......do..........  Jan. 24, 1912     Jan. 2, 1935      Res. Mar. 3, 1933.
73d.............................  Harry Flood Byrd..  Mar. 4, 1933      Nov. 7, 1933      By gov., to fill vac.
73d-91st........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1933      Jan. 2, 1971      Res. Nov. 10, 1965.
89th............................  Harry Flood Byrd,   Nov. 12, 1965     Nov. 8, 1966      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Jr..
89th-97th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 8, 1966      Jan. 2, 1983      ......................
98th-100th......................  Paul S. Trible,     Jan. 3, 1983      Jan. 2, 1989
                                   Jr..
101st-106th.....................  Charles S. Robb...  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-109th.....................  George Allen......  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2007      ......................
110th-112th.....................  Jim Webb..........  Jan. 3, 2007      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Tim Kaine.........  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................


[[Page 644]]


                                               VIRGINIA--Continued
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st-2d..........................  Richard Henry Lee.  Mar. 4, 1789      Mar. 3, 1793      Res. Oct. 8, 1792.
2d-5th..........................  John Taylor.......  Oct. 18, 1792     Mar. 3, 1799      Res. May 11, 1794.
3d-5th..........................  Henry Tazewell....  Nov. 18, 1794         Do.           Died Jan. 24, 1799.
6th-8th.........................  Wilson C. Nicholas  Dec. 5, 1799      Mar. 3, 1805      Res. May 22, 1804.
8th.............................  Andrew Moore......  Aug. 11, 1804     Dec. 4, 1804      By gov., to fill vac.
8th-14th........................  William B. Giles..  Dec. 4, 1804      Mar. 3, 1817      Res. Mar. 3, 1815.
14th............................  Armistead T. Mason  Jan. 3, 1816          Do.           ......................
15th-17th.......................  John W. Eppes.....  Mar. 4, 1817      Mar. 3, 1823      Res. Dec. 4, 1819.
16th-17th.......................  James Pleasants...  Dec. 10, 1819         Do.           Res. Dec. 15, 1822.
17th-20th.......................  John Taylor.......  Dec. 18, 1822     Mar. 3, 1829      Died Aug. 20, 1824.
18th-23d........................  Littleton W.        Dec. 7, 1824      Mar. 3, 1835      Res. July 16, 1832.
                                   Tazewell.
22d-23d.........................  William C. Rives..  Dec. 10, 1832         Do.           Res. Feb. 22, 1834.
23d-26th........................  Benjamin W. Leigh.  Feb. 26, 1834     Mar. 3, 1841      Res. July 4, 1836.
24th-26th.......................  Richard E. Parker.  Dec. 12, 1836         Do.           Res. Mar. 13, 1837.
25th-26th.......................  William H. Roane..  Mar. 14, 1837         Do.           ......................
27th-29th.......................  William S. Archer.  Mar. 4, 1841      Mar. 3, 1847      ......................
30th-38th.......................  Robert M. T.        Mar. 4, 1847      Mar. 3, 1865            (\6\)
                                   Hunter.
37th-38th.......................  John S. Carlile...  July 9, 1861          Do.                 (\7\)
41st............................  John W. Johnston..  Jan. 26, 1870     Mar. 3, 1871            (\8\)
42d-47th........................  ......do..........  Mar. 15, 1871     Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-50th.......................  Harrison H.         Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1889      ......................
                                   Riddleberger.
51st-53d........................  John S. Barbour,    Mar. 4, 1889      Mar. 3, 1895      Died May 14, 1892.
                                   Jr..
52d-53d.........................  Eppa Hunton.......  May 28, 1892      Dec. 19, 1893     By gov., to fill vac.
53d.............................  ......do..........  Dec. 20, 1893     Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-66th.......................  Thomas S. Martin..  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1925      Died Nov. 12, 1919.
66th............................  Carter Glass......  Feb. 2, 1919      Nov. 2, 1920            (\9\)
66th-80th.......................  ......do..........  Nov. 3, 1920      Jan. 2, 1949      Died May 28, 1946.
79th............................  Thomas G. Burch...  May 31, 1946      Nov. 5, 1946      By gov., to fill vac.
79th-89th.......................  A. Willis           Nov. 6, 1946      Jan. 2, 1967      Res. Dec. 30, 1966.
                                   Robertson.
89th-92d........................  William B. Spong,   Dec. 31, 1966     Jan. 2, 1973            (\10\)
                                   Jr..
93d-95th........................  William L. Scott..  Jan. 3, 1973      Jan. 2, 1979      Res. Jan. 1, 1979.
96th-110th......................  John W. Warner....  Jan. 2, 1979      Jan. 2, 2009            (\11\)
111th-116th.....................  Mark R. Warner....  Jan. 3, 2009      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Vacancy in this class from Mar. 4, 1839, to Jan. 17, 1841.
\2\Withdrew from Senate Mar. 28, 1861. Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Mar. 28 to
  July 8, 1861.
\3\By legislature, to fill vacancy.
\4\Died Jan. 2, 1864. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 2, 1864, to Jan. 26, 1870, when Virginia was
  readmitted to representation.
\5\By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1869. Seated Jan. 27, 1870.
\6\Withdrew from Senate Mar. 28, 1861. Expelled July 11, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Mar. 28 to
  July 8, 1861.
\7\By legislature to fill vacancy. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Mar. 4, 1865, to Jan. 26, 1870, when
  Virginia was readmitted to representation.
\8\By legislature to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865. Seated Jan. 28, 1870.
\9\Appointed by governor. Took oath Feb. 2, 1920. Secretary of Treasury during interim. Vacancy from Nov. 12,
  1919, to Feb. 1, 1920.
\10\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1967; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1967.
\11\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1979.
 

                See footnotes at end of Washington table.
                
                
            1897  1898

                                                   WASHINGTON
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-52d........................  John B. Allen.....  Nov. 20, 1889     Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  John L. Wilson....  Feb. 19, 1895     Mar. 3, 1899            (\1\)
56th-58th.......................  Addison G. Foster.  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
59th-61st.......................  Samuel H. Piles...  Mar. 4, 1905      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-67th........................  Miles Poindexter..  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-73d........................  Clarence C. Dill..  Mar. 4, 1923      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  Lewis B.            Jan. 3, 1935      Jan. 2, 1941      Res. Dec. 16, 1940.
                                   Schwellenbach.
76th-79th.......................  Mon C. Wallgren...  Dec. 19, 1940     Jan. 2, 1947            (\2\)
79th............................  Hugh B. Mitchell..  Jan. 10, 1945         Do.                 (\3\)
79th-82nd.......................  Harry P. Cain.....  Dec. 26, 1946     Jan. 2, 1953            (\4\)
83d-98th........................  Henry M. Jackson..  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1989      Died Sept. 1, 1983.
98th............................  Daniel J. Evans...  Sept. 8, 1983     Nov. 8, 1983      By gov., to fill vac.

[[Page 645]]

 
98th-100th......................  ......do..........  Nov. 8, 1983      Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-106th.....................  Slade Gorton......  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2001      ......................
107th-118th.....................  Maria Cantwell....  Jan. 3, 2001      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-54th.......................  Watson C. Squire..  Nov. 20, 1889     Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-57th.......................  George Turner.....  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1903      ......................
58th-60th.......................  Levi Ankeny.......  Mar. 4, 1903      Mar. 3, 1909      ......................
61st-72d........................  Wesley L. Jones...  Mar. 4, 1909      Mar. 3, 1933      Died Nov. 19, 1932.
72d.............................  Elijah S. Grammer.  Nov. 22, 1932         Do.           By gov., to fill vac.
73d-78th........................  Homer T. Bone.....  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1945      Res. Nov. 13, 1944.
78th-96th.......................  Warren G. Magnuson  Dec. 14, 1944     Jan. 2, 1981            (\5\)
97th-99th.......................  Slade Gorton......  Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1987      ......................
100th-102d......................  Brock Adams.......  Jan 3, 1987       Jan. 2, 1993
103d-117th......................  Patty Murray......  Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1893, to Feb. 18, 1895, because of failure of legislature to elect. John B. Allen was
  appointed by governor Mar. 10, 1893, to fill vacancy, but by Senate resolution of Aug. 28, 1893, was declared
  not entitled to a seat. Wilson was elected Feb. 1, 1895, but served in House during interim.
\2\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1941; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1941. Resigned Jan. 10, 1945.
\3\ By governor, to fill vacancy. Resigned Dec. 25, 1946.
\4\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1947; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1947.
\5\ Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1945; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1945.
 

                See footnotes at end of West Virginia table.
                                                              1899  1900

                                                  WEST VIRGINIA
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38th-40th.......................  Peter G. Van        Aug. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
                                   Winkle.
41st-43d........................  Arthur I. Boreman.  Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
44th-46th.......................  Allen T. Caperton.  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      Died July 26, 1876.
44th............................  Samuel Price......  Aug. 26, 1876     Jan. 26, 1877     By gov., to fill vac.
44th-46th.......................  Frank Hereford....  Jan. 31, 1877     Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-49th.......................  Johnson N. Camden.  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1887      ......................
50th-55th.......................  Charles J.          Mar. 4, 1887      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
                                   Faulkner.
56th-61st.......................  Nathan B. Scott...  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1911      ......................
62d-64th........................  William E. Chilton  Mar. 4, 1911      Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-67th.......................  Howard Sutherland.  Mar. 4, 1917      Mar. 3, 1923      ......................
68th-70th.......................  Matthew M. Neely..  Mar. 4, 1923      Mar. 3, 1929      ......................
71st-73d........................  Henry D. Hatfield.  Mar. 4, 1929      Jan. 2, 1935      ......................
74th-76th.......................  Rush D. Holt......  June 21, 1935     Jan. 2, 1941            (\1\)
77th-85th.......................  Harley M. Kilgore.  Jan. 3, 1941      Jan. 2, 1959      Died Feb. 28, 1956.
84th............................  William R. Laird    Mar. 13, 1956     Nov. 6, 1956      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   III.
85th............................  Chapman Revercomb.  Nov. 7, 1956      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-112th......................  Robert C. Byrd....  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 2013      Died June 28, 2010.
111th...........................  Carte Goodwin.....  July 16, 2010     Nov. 15, 2010     By gov., to fill vac.
111th-118th.....................  Joe Manchin.......  Nov. 15, 2010     Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38th-41st.......................  Waitman T. Willey.  Aug. 4, 1863      Mar. 3, 1871      ......................
42d-47th........................  Henry G. Davis....  Mar. 4, 1871      Mar. 3, 1883      ......................
48th-53d........................  John E. Kenna.....  Mar. 4, 1883      Mar. 3, 1895      Died Jan. 11, 1893.
52d-53d.........................  Johnson N. Camden.  Jan. 25, 1893         Do.           ......................
54th-62d........................  Stephen B. Elkins.  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1913      Died Jan. 4, 1911.
61st............................  Davis Elkins......  Jan. 9, 1911      Jan. 31, 1911     By gov., to fill vac.
61st-62d........................  Clarence W. Watson  Feb. 1, 1911      Mar. 3, 1913      ......................
63d-65th........................  Nathan Goff.......  Apr. 1, 1913      Mar. 3, 1919            (\2\)
66th-68th.......................  Davis Elkins......  Mar. 4, 1919      Mar. 3, 1925      ......................
69th-71st.......................  Guy D. Goff.......  Mar. 4, 1925      Mar. 3, 1931      ......................


[[Page 646]]


                                            WEST VIRGINIA--Continued
                                                     Class 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
72d-77th........................  Matthew M. Neely..  Mar. 4, 1931      Jan. 2, 1943      Res. Jan. 12, 1941.
77th............................  Joseph Rosier.....  Jan. 13, 1941     Nov. 17, 1942     By gov., to fill vac.
  Do............................  Hugh Ike Shott....  Nov. 18, 1942     Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-80th.......................  Chapman Revercomb.  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-86th.......................  Matthew M. Neely..  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1961      Died Jan. 18, 1958.
85th............................  John D.             Jan. 25, 1958     Nov. 4, 1958      By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Hoblitzell, Jr..
85th-98th.......................  Jennings Randolph.  Nov. 5, 1958      Jan. 2, 1985      ......................
99th-113th......................  John D.             Jan. 15, 1985     Jan. 2, 2015            (\3\)
                                   Rockefeller IV.
114th-116th.....................  Shelley Moore       Jan. 3, 2015      Jan. 2, 2021      ......................
                                   Capito.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Elected Nov. 6, 1934, but not having reached the age required by the Constitution, did not take his seat
  until June 21, 1935.
\2\ Elected to term commencing Mar. 4, 1913. Seated Apr. 1, 1913. U.S. Circuit Judge during interim.
\3\ Elected to term commencing Jan. 3, 1985. Governor during interim.
 

                  
            1901  1902

                                                    WISCONSIN
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30th-34th.......................  Henry Dodge.......  June 8, 1848      Mar. 3, 1857      ......................
35th-40th.......................  James R. Doolittle  Mar. 4, 1857      Mar. 3, 1869      ......................
41st-43d........................  Matthew H.          Mar. 4, 1869      Mar. 3, 1875      ......................
                                   Carpenter.
44th-46th.......................  Angus Cameron.....  Mar. 4, 1875      Mar. 3, 1881      ......................
47th-52d........................  Philetus Sawyer...  Mar. 4, 1881      Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d-55th........................  John L. Mitchell..  Mar. 4, 1893      Mar. 3, 1899      ......................
56th-58th.......................  Joseph V. Quarles.  Mar. 4, 1899      Mar. 3, 1905      ......................
59th-70th.......................  Robert M. La        Jan. 4, 1906      Mar. 3, 1929            (\1\)
                                   Follette.
69th-79th.......................  Robert M. La        Sept. 30, 1925    Jan. 2, 1947      ......................
                                   Follette, Jr..
80th-85th.......................  Joseph R. McCarthy  Jan. 3, 1947      Jan. 2, 1959      Died May 2, 1957.
85th-100th......................  William Proxmire..  Aug. 28, 1957     Jan. 2, 1989      ......................
101st-112th.....................  Herbert Kohl......  Jan. 3, 1989      Jan. 2, 2013      ......................
113th-118th.....................  Tammy Baldwin.....  Jan. 3, 2013      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30th-33d........................  Isaac P. Walker...  June 8, 1848      Mar. 3, 1855      ......................
34th-36th.......................  Charles Durkee....  Mar. 4, 1855      Mar. 3, 1861      ......................
37th-45th.......................  Timothy O. Howe...  Mar. 4, 1861      Mar. 3, 1879      ......................
46th-48th.......................  Matthew H.          Mar. 4, 1879      Mar. 3, 1885      Died Feb. 24, 1881.
                                   Carpenter.
47th-48th.......................  Angus Cameron.....  Mar. 14, 1881         Do.           ......................
49th-51st.......................  John Coit Spooner.  Mar. 4, 1885      Mar. 3, 1891      ......................
52d-54th........................  William F. Vilas..  Mar. 4, 1891      Mar. 3, 1897      ......................
55th-60th.......................  John Coit Spooner.  Mar. 4, 1897      Mar. 3, 1909            (\2\)
60th-63d........................  Isaac Stephenson..  May 17, 1907      Mar. 3, 1915      ......................
64th-66th.......................  Paul O. Husting...  Mar. 4, 1915      Mar. 3, 1921      Died Oct. 21, 1917.
65th-69th.......................  Irvine L. Lenroot.  Apr. 18, 1918     Mar. 3, 1927            (\3\)
70th-72d........................  John J. Blaine....  Mar. 4, 1927      Mar. 3, 1933      ......................
73d-75th........................  F. Ryan Duffy.....  Mar. 4, 1933      Jan. 2, 1939      ......................
76th-87th.......................  Alexander Wiley...  Jan. 3, 1939      Jan. 2, 1963      ......................
88th-96th.......................  Gaylord Nelson....  Jan. 8, 1963      Jan. 2, 1981            (\4\)
97th-102d.......................  Robert W. Kasten,   Jan. 3, 1981      Jan. 2, 1993      ......................
                                   Jr..
103d-111th......................  Russell D.          Jan. 3, 1993      Jan. 2, 2011      ......................
                                   Feingold.
112th-117th.....................  Ron Johnson.......  Jan. 3, 2011      Jan. 2, 2023      ......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Elected Jan. 25, 1905. Took oath Jan. 4, 1906. Governor during interim. Died June 18, 1925. Vacancy from June
  19 to Sept. 29, 1925.
\2\Resigned Mar. 2, 1907, to take effect Apr. 30, 1907.
\3\Elected Apr. 2, 1918. Seated Apr. 18, 1918. Representative during interim. Vacancy from Oct. 22, 1917, to
  Apr. 1, 1918.
\4\Waived compensation Jan. 3-7, 1963, while governor of state.
 

                  

[[Page 647]]


                                                              1903  1904

                                                     WYOMING
                                                     Class 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Commencement of    Expiration of
            Congress                Name of Senator         term              term                Remarks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-52d........................  Francis E. Warren.  Nov. 24, 1890     Mar. 3, 1893      ......................
53d.............................  ..................  ................  ................        (\1\)
53d-64th........................  Clarence D. Clark.  Jan. 23, 1895     Mar. 3, 1917      ......................
65th-73d........................  John B. Kendrick..  Mar. 4, 1917      Jan. 2, 1935      Died Nov. 3, 1933.
73d.............................  Joseph C.           Jan. 1, 1934      Nov. 6, 1934      By gov., to fill
                                   O'Mahoney.                                              vac.\2\
73d-82d.........................  ......do..........  Nov. 7, 1934      Jan. 2, 1953      ......................
83d-85th........................  Frank A. Barrett..  Jan. 3, 1953      Jan. 2, 1959      ......................
86th-94th.......................  Gale W. McGee.....  Jan. 3, 1959      Jan. 2, 1977      ......................
95th-103d.......................  Malcolm Wallop....  Jan. 3, 1977      Jan. 2, 1995      ......................
104th-112th.....................  Craig Thomas......  Jan. 3, 1995      Jan. 2, 2013      Died June 4, 2007.
110th...........................  John Barrasso.....  June 22, 2007     Nov. 4, 2008      By gov., to fill vac.
110th-118th.....................  ......do..........  Nov. 5, 2008      Jan. 2, 2025      ......................
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     Class 2
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51st-53d........................  Joseph M. Carey...  Nov. 15, 1890     Mar. 3, 1895      ......................
54th-71st.......................  Francis E. Warren.  Mar. 4, 1895      Mar. 3, 1931      Died Nov. 24, 1929.
71st............................  Patrick J.          Dec. 5, 1929      Nov. 30, 1930     By gov., to fill vac.
                                   Sullivan.
71st-74th.......................  Robert D. Carey...  Dec. 1, 1930      Jan. 2, 1937      ......................
75th-77th.......................  Henry H. Schwartz.  Jan. 3, 1937      Jan. 2, 1943      ......................
78th-80th.......................  E. V. Robertson...  Jan. 3, 1943      Jan. 2, 1949      ......................
81st-83d........................  Lester C. Hunt....  Jan. 3, 1949      Jan. 2, 1955      Died June 19, 1954.
83d.............................  Edward D. Crippa..  June 24, 1954     Nov. 28, 1954     By gov., to fill vac.
83d-86th........................  Joseph C.           Nov. 29, 1954     Jan. 2, 1961            (\3\)
                                   O'Mahoney.
87th-89th.......................  John Joseph Hickey  Jan. 3, 1961      Nov. 6, 1962      By gov., to fill
                                                                                           vac.\4\
87th-89th.......................  Milward L. Simpson  Nov. 7, 1962      Jan. 2, 1967      ......................
90th-95th.......................  Clifford P. Hansen  Jan. 3, 1967      Jan. 2, 1979      Res. Dec. 31, 1978.
96th-104th......................  Alan K. Simpson...  Jan. 1, 1979      Jan. 2, 1997            (\5\)
105th-116th.....................  Michael B. Enzi...  Jan. 3, 1997      Jan. 2, 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Asahel C. Beckwith appointed by governor. Credentials presented to Senate Mar. 15, 1893, but did not qualify.
  On July 11, 1893, Mr. Beckwith resigned. Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1893 to Jan. 23, 1895, because of failure of
  legislature to elect.
\2\Appointed Dec. 18, 1933, but continued to serve as First Assistant Postmaster General through Dec. 31, 1933.
  Vacancy from Nov. 4 to Dec. 31, 1933.
\3\Elected Nov. 2, 1954, to fill vacancy in term ending Jan. 2, 1955, and to full term ending Jan. 2, 1961.
\4\Keith Thomson, who had been elected Nov. 8, 1960, to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1961, died Dec. 9, 1960,
  prior to taking the oath of office.
\5\Elected to full term commencing Jan. 3, 1979; subsequently appointed by governor to fill vacancy in term
  ending Jan. 2, 1979.




[[Page 649]]
                                       [1905]
           ____________________________________________________________
 
                ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES
            ____________________________________________________________

                                          A

            Abbott, Joseph C.; NC.................................  1869
            Abdnor, James; SD.....................................  1886
            Abel, Hazel H.; NE....................................  1858
            Abourezk, James; SD...................................  1885
            Abraham, Spencer; MI..................................  1847
            Adair, John; KY.......................................  1838
            Adams, Alva B.; CO....................................  1816
            Adams, Brock; WA......................................  1898
            Adams, John Quincy; MA................................  1845
            Adams, Robert H.; MS..................................  1852
            Adams, Stephen; MI....................................  1851
            Aiken, George D.; VT..................................  1894
            Akaka, Daniel K.; HI..................................  1825
            Alcorn, James L.; MS..................................  1852
            Aldrich, Nelson W.; RI................................  1881
            Alexander, Lamar; TN..................................  1888
            Alger, Russell A.; MI.................................  1848
            Allard, Wayne; CO.....................................  1815
            Allee, James F.; DE...................................  1820
            Allen, George; VA.....................................  1895
            Allen, Henry J.; KS...................................  1836
            Allen, James B.; AL...................................  1806
            Allen, John B.; WA....................................  1897
            Allen, Maryon Pittman; AL.............................  1806
            Allen, Philip; RI.....................................  1882
            Allen, William; OH....................................  1874
            Allen, William V.; NE.................................  1857
            Allison, William B.; IA...............................  1834
            Allott, Gordon; CO....................................  1815
            Ames, Adelbert; MS....................................  1851
            Anderson, Alexander; TN...............................  1888
            Anderson, Clinton P.; NM..............................  1866
            Anderson, Joseph; 
                TN............................................1887, 1888
            Anderson, Wendell R.; MN..............................  1850
            Andrews, Charles O.; FL...............................  1821
            Andrews, Mark; ND.....................................  1872
            Ankeny, Levi; WA......................................  1898
            Anthony, Henry B.; RI.................................  1882
            Archer, William S.; VA................................  1896
            Armstrong, David H.; MO...............................  1854
            Armstrong, John; 
                NY............................................1867, 1868
            Armstrong, William L.; CO.............................  1815
            Arnold, Samuel G.; RI.................................  1881
            Ashcroft, John; MO....................................  1853
            Ashley, Chester; AR...................................  1811
            Ashmun, Eli P.; MA....................................  1845
            Ashurst, Henry Fountain; AZ...........................  1809
            Atchison, David R.; MO................................  1854
            Atherton, Charles G.; NH..........................1861, 1862
            Austin, Warren R.; VT.................................  1893
            Ayotte, Kelly; NH.....................................  1862

                                          B

            Bachman, Nathan L.; TN................................  1888
            Bacon, Augustus O.; GA................................  1823
            Badger, George E.; NC.................................  1870
            Bagby, Arthur P.; AL..................................  1806
            Bailey, James E.; TN..................................  1887
            Bailey, Joseph W.; TX.................................  1890
            Bailey, Josiah W.; NC.................................  1869
            Bailey, Theodorus; NY.................................  1867
            Baird, David; NJ......................................  1864
            Baird, David, Jr.; NJ.................................  1864
            Baker, David J.; IL...................................  1829
            Baker, Edward D.; OR..................................  1877
            Baker, Howard H., Jr.; TN.............................  1888
            Baker, Lucien; KS.....................................  1835
            Baldwin, Abraham; GA..................................  1823
            Baldwin, Henry P.; MI.................................  1847
            Baldwin, Raymond E.; CT...............................  1817
            Baldwin, Roger S.; CT.................................  1817
            Baldwin, Tammy; WI....................................  1901
            Ball, Joseph H.; MN...................................  1850
            Ball, L. Heisler; DE..............................1819, 1820
            Bankhead, John H.; AL.................................  1805
            Bankhead, John H., 2d; AL.............................  1805
            Barbour, James C.; VA.................................  1895
            Barbour, John S., Jr.; VA.............................  1896
            Barbour, W. Warren; NJ............................1863, 1864
            Bard, Thomas R.; CA...................................  1813
            Barkley, Alben W.; KY.............................1837, 1838
            Barkley, Dean; MN.....................................  1850
            Barnard, Isaac D.; PA.................................  1879
            Barnum, William H.; CT................................  1818
            Barnwell, Robert W.; SC...............................  1883
            Barrasso, John; WY....................................  1903

[[Page 650]]

            Barrett, Frank A.; WY.................................  1903
            Barrow, Alexander; LA.................................  1839
            Barrow, Pope; GA......................................  1823
            Barry, Alexander G.; OR...............................  1878
            Barry, William T.; KY.................................  1837
            Bartlett, Dewey F.; OK................................  1875
            Bartlett, E. L.; AK...................................  1807
            Barton, David; MO.....................................  1854
            Bass, Ross; TN........................................  1888
            Bassett, Richard; DE..................................  1820
            Bate, William B.; TN..................................  1887
            Bateman, Ephraim; NJ..................................  1863
            Bates, Isaac C.; MA...................................  1846
            Bates, Martin W.; DE..................................  1820
            Baucus, Max; MT.......................................  1856
            Bayard, James A., Jr.; DE.............................  1819
            Bayard, James A., Sr.; DE.............................  1820
            Bayard, Richard H.; DE................................  1819
            Bayard, Thomas F., Jr.; DE............................  1819
            Bayard, Thomas F., Sr.; DE............................  1819
            Bayh, Birch; IN.......................................  1832
            Bayh, Evan; IN........................................  1832
            Beall, J. Glenn; MD...................................  1843
            Beall, J. Glenn, Jr.; MD..............................  1843
            Beck, James B.; KY....................................  1837
            Beckham, John C. W.; KY...............................  1838
            Beckwith, Asahel C.; WY \1\...........................  1903
                \1\ Appointed by governor, but did not qualify.
            Begich, Mark; AK......................................  1807
            Bell, Charles H.; NH..................................  1862
            Bell, James; NH.......................................  1862
            Bell, John; TN........................................  1888
            Bell, Samuel; NH......................................  1861
            Bellmon, Henry; OK....................................  1876
            Bender, George H.; OH.................................  1874
            Benet, Christie; SC...................................  1883
            Benjamin, Judah P.; LA................................  1839
            Bennet, Michael; CO...................................  1816
            Bennett, Robert F.; UT................................  1892
            Bennett, Wallace F.; UT...............................  1892
            Benson, Alfred W.; KS.................................  1835
            Benson, Elmer A.; MN..................................  1850
            Benton, Thomas H.; MO.................................  1853
            Benton, William; CT...................................  1817
            Bentsen, Lloyd M., Jr.; TX............................  1889
            Berrien, John M.; GA..............................1823, 1824
            Berry, George L.; TN..................................  1888
            Berry, James H.; AR...................................  1811
            Betts, Thaddeus; CT...................................  1817
            Beveridge, Albert J.; IN..............................  1831
            Bibb, George M.; KY...................................  1837
            Bibb, William W.; GA..................................  1823
            Bible, Alan; NV.......................................  1860
            Biden, Joseph R., Jr.; DE.............................  1820
            Biggs, Asa; NC........................................  1870
            Bigler, William; PA...................................  1880
            Bilbo, Theodore G.; MS................................  1851
            Bingaman, Jeff; NM....................................  1865
            Bingham, Hiram; CT....................................  1818
            Bingham, Kinsley S.; MI...............................  1848
            Bingham, William; PA..................................  1880
            Black, Hugo; AL.......................................  1806
            Black, John; MS.......................................  1851
            Blackburn, Joseph C.S.; KY........................1837, 1838
            Blackburn, Marsha; TN...................................1887
            Blaine, James G.; ME..................................  1842
            Blaine, John J.; WI...................................  1902
            Blair, Francis P.; MO.................................  1854
            Blair, Henry W.; NH...................................  1862
            Blakley, William A.; TX...........................1889, 1890
            Blanchard, Newton C.; LA..............................  1840
            Blease, Coleman L.; SC................................  1883
            Bledsoe, Jesse; KY....................................  1838
            Blodgett, Rufus; NJ...................................  1863
            Bloodworth, Timothy; NC...............................  1870
            Blount, William; TN...................................  1888
            Blumenthal, Richard; CT...............................  1818
            Blunt, Roy; MO........................................  1854
            Boardman, Elijah; CT..................................  1817
            Boggs, J. Caleb; DE...................................  1820
            Bogy, Lewis V.; MO....................................  1854
            Bond, Christopher S.; MO..............................  1854
            Bone, Homer T.; WA....................................  1898
            Booker, Cory A.; NJ...................................  1864
            Booth, Newton; CA.....................................  1813
            Boozman, John; AR.....................................  1812
            Borah, William E.; ID.................................  1827
            Boreman, Arthur I.; WV................................  1899
            Boren, David L.; OK...................................  1875
            Borland, Solon; AR....................................  1812
            Boschwitz, Rudy; MN...................................  1850
            Bottum, Joe H.; SD....................................  1886
            Bouligny, Dominique; LA...............................  1839
            Bourne, Jonathan, Jr.; OR.............................  1877
            Boutwell, George S.; MA...............................  1846
            Bowden, Lemuel L.; VA.................................  1895
            Bowen, Thomas M.; CO..................................  1815
            Bowring, Eva; NE......................................  1858
            Boxer, Barbara; CA....................................  1814
            Bradbury, James W.; ME................................  1842
            Bradford, William; RI.................................  1882
            Bradley, Bill; NJ.....................................  1864
            Bradley, Stephen R.; VT...............................  1894
            Bradley, William O.; KY...............................  1838
            Brady, James H.; ID...................................  1828
            Brady, Nicholas F.; NJ................................  1863
            Bragg, Thomas; NC.....................................  1869
            Brainerd, Lawrence; VT................................  1894
            Branch, John; NC......................................  1869

[[Page 651]]

            Brandegee, Frank B.; CT...............................  1818
            Bratton, Sam G.; NM...................................  1866
            Braun, Mike; IN.......................................  1831
            Breaux, John B.; LA...................................  1840
            Breckinridge, John; KY................................  1838
            Breckinridge, John C.; KY.............................  1838
            Breese, Sidney; IL....................................  1830
            Brent, Richard; VA....................................  1895
            Brewster, Daniel B.; MD...............................  1844
            Brewster, Ralph O.; ME................................  1841
            Brice, Calvin S.; OH..................................  1874
            Bricker, John W.; OH..................................  1873
            Bridges, Styles; NH...................................  1861
            Briggs, Frank O.; NJ..................................  1864
            Briggs, Frank P.; MO..................................  1853
            Bright, Jesse D.; IN..................................  1831
            Bristow, Joseph L.; KS................................  1836
            Brock, William E.; TN.................................  1888
            Brock, William E., III; TN............................  1887
            Broderick, David C.; CA...............................  1813
            Brodhead, Richard; PA.................................  1879
            Brooke, Edward W.; MA.................................  1846
            Brooke, Walker; MS....................................  1852
            Brookhart, Smith W.; IA...........................1833, 1834
            Brooks, C. Wayland; IL................................  1829
            Broughton, J. Melville; NC............................  1869
            Broussard, Edwin S.; LA...............................  1840
            Broussard, Robert F.; LA..............................  1840
            Brown, Albert G.; MS..................................  1852
            Brown, Arthur; UT.....................................  1892
            Brown, Bedford; NC....................................  1869
            Brown, B. Gratz; MO...................................  1854
            Brown, Ernest S.; NV..................................  1860
            Brown, Ethan A.; OH...................................  1874
            Brown, Fred H.; NH....................................  1862
            Brown, Hank; CO.......................................  1815
            Brown, James; LA..................................1839, 1840
            Brown, John; KY.......................................  1837
            Brown, Joseph E.; GA..................................  1824
            Brown, Norris; NE.....................................  1858
            Brown, Prentiss M.; MI................................  1848
            Brown, Scott; MA......................................  1845
            Brown, Sherrod; OH....................................  1873
            Brownback, Sam; KS....................................  1836
            Browning, Orville H.; IL..............................  1829
            Brownlow, William G.; TN..............................  1887
            Broyhill, James T.; NC................................  1870
            Bruce, Blanche K.; MS.................................  1851
            Bruce, William Cabell; MD.............................  1843
            Brunsdale, C. Norman; ND..............................  1871
            Bryan, Nathan P.; FL..................................  1821
            Bryan, Richard H.; NV.................................  1859
            Bryan, William J.; FL.................................  1822
            Buchanan, James; PA...................................  1880
            Buck, C. Douglass; DE.................................  1820
            Buckalew, Charles R.; PA..............................  1879
            Buckingham, William A.; CT............................  1817
            Buckley, James L.; NY.................................  1867
            Buckner, Alexander; MO................................  1854
            Bulkeley, Morgan G.; CT...............................  1817
            Bulkley, Robert J.; OH................................  1874
            Bulloch, William B.; GA...............................  1823
            Bulow, William J.; SD.................................  1885
            Bumpers, Dale; AR.....................................  1812
            Bunker, Berkeley L.; NV...............................  1859
            Bunning, Jim; KY......................................  1838
            Burch, Thomas G.; VA..................................  1896
            Burdick, Jocelyn B.; ND...............................  1871
            Burdick, Quentin N.; ND...............................  1871
            Burke, Edward R.; NE..................................  1857
            Burke, Thomas A.; OH..................................  1874
            Burkett, Elmer J.; NE.................................  1857
            Burleigh, Edwin C.; ME................................  1842
            Burnet, Jacob; OH.....................................  1874
            Burnham, Henry E.; NH.................................  1861
            Burns, Conrad; MT.....................................  1855
            Burnside, Ambrose E.; RI..............................  1881
            Burr, Aaron; NY.......................................  1867
            Burr, Richard; NC.....................................  1870
            Burrill, James, Jr.; RI...............................  1882
            Burris, Roland; IL....................................  1830
            Burrows, Julius C.; MI................................  1847
            Bursum, Holm O.; NM...................................  1866
            Burton, Harold H.; OH.................................  1873
            Burton, Joseph R.; KS.................................  1835
            Burton, Theodore E.; OH...............................  1874
            Bush, Prescott; CT....................................  1818
            Bushfield, Harlan J.; SD..............................  1885
            Bushfield, Vera C.; SD................................  1885
            Butler, Andrew P.; SC.................................  1884
            Butler, Hugh; NE......................................  1857
            Butler, John M.; MD...................................  1844
            Butler, Marion; NC....................................  1869
            Butler, Matthew C.; SC................................  1883
            Butler, Pierce; SC................................1883, 1884
            Butler, William M.; MA................................  1845
            Byrd, Harry Flood; VA.................................  1895
            Byrd, Harry Flood, Jr.; VA............................  1895
            Byrd, Robert C.; WV...................................  1899
            Byrnes, James F.; SC..................................  1883

                                          C

            Cabot, George; MA.....................................  1845
            Caffery, Donelson; LA.................................  1839
            Cain, Harry P.; WA....................................  1897
            Calder, William M.; NY................................  1867
            Caldwell, Alexander; KS...............................  1835
            Calhoun, John C.; SC..................................  1883
            Call, Wilkinson; FL...................................  1822
            Camden, Johnson N.; WV............................1899, 1900
            Camden, Johnson N., Jr.; 
                KY..................................................1838

[[Page 652]]

            Cameron, Angus; WI................................1901, 1902
            Cameron, James D.; PA.................................  1880
            Cameron, Ralph H.; AZ.................................  1810
            Cameron, Simon; PA................................1879, 1880
            Campbell, Alexander; OH...............................  1874
            Campbell, Ben Nighthorse; CO..........................  1816
            Campbell, George W.; TN...........................1887, 1888
            Cannon, Frank J.; UT..................................  1891
            Cannon, Howard W.; NV.................................  1859
            Cantwell, Maria; WA...................................  1897
            Capehart, Homer E.; IN................................  1832
            Caperton, Allen T.; WV................................  1899
            Capito, Shelley Moore; WV.............................  1900
            Capper, Arthur; KS....................................  1835
            Caraway, Mrs. Hattie W.; AR...........................  1812
            Caraway, Thaddeus H.; AR..............................  1812
            Cardin, Benjamin; MD..................................  1843
            Carey, Joseph M.; WY..................................  1904
            Carey, Robert D.; WY..................................  1904
            Carlile, John S.; VA..................................  1896
            Carlisle, John G.; KY.................................  1837
            Carlson, Frank; KS....................................  1836
            Carmack, Edward W.; TN................................  1888
            Carnahan, Jean; MO....................................  1853
            Carpenter, Matthew H.; WI.........................1901, 1902
            Carper, Thomas; DE....................................  1819
            Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton; MD...................  1843
            Carroll, John A.; CO..................................  1816
            Carter, Thomas H.; MT.............................1855, 1856
            Carville, E.P.; NV....................................  1859
            Case, Clifford P.; NJ.................................  1864
            Case, Francis; SD.....................................  1886
            Casey, Lyman R.; ND...................................  1871
            Casey, Robert P.; PA..................................  1879
            Cass, Lewis; MI.......................................  1847
            Casserly, Eugene; CA..................................  1813
            Cassidy, Bill; LA.....................................  1839
            Cathcart, Charles W.; IN..............................  1832
            Catron, Thomas B.; NM.................................  1865
            Cattell, Alexander G.; NJ.............................  1864
            Chace, Jonathan; RI...................................  1882
            Chafee, John H.; RI...................................  1881
            Chafee, Lincoln D.; RI................................  1881
            Chaffee, Jerome B.; CO................................  1816
            Chalmers, Joseph W.; MS...............................  1852
            Chamberlain, George E.; OR............................  1878
            Chambers, Ezekiel F.; MD..............................  1844
            Chambers, Henry H.; AL................................  1806
            Chambliss, Saxby; GA..................................  1823
            Champlin, Christopher G.; RI..........................  1881
            Chandler, Albert B.; KY...............................  1837
            Chandler, John; ME....................................  1842
            Chandler, William E.; NH..............................  1861
            Chandler, Zachariah; MI...............................  1847
            Chapman, Virgil; KY...................................  1837
            Charlton, Robert M.; GA...............................  1823
            Chase, Dudley; VT.....................................  1894
            Chase, Salmon P.; OH..................................  1874
            Chavez, Dennis; NM....................................  1865
            Cheney, Person C.; NH.................................  1861
            Chesnut, James, Jr.; SC...............................  1883
            Chilcott, George M.; CO...............................  1815
            Chiles, Lawton; FL....................................  1821
            Chilton, Horace; TX...............................1889, 1890
            Chilton, William E.; WV...............................  1899
            Chipman, Nathaniel; VT................................  1893
            Choate, Rufus; MA.....................................  1845
            Christiancy, Isaac P.; MI.............................  1847
            Church, Frank; ID.....................................  1828
            Cilley, Joseph; NH....................................  1861
            Claiborne, William C.C.; LA...........................  1839
            Clapp, Moses E.; MN...................................  1849
            Clark, Clarence D.; WY................................  1903
            Clark, D. Worth; ID...................................  1828
            Clark, Daniel; NH.....................................  1862
            Clark, Dick; IA.......................................  1833
            Clark, Joel Bennett; MO...............................  1854
            Clark, Joseph S.; PA..................................  1880
            Clark, William A.; 
                MT............................................1855, 1856
            Clarke, James P.; AR..................................  1812
            Clarke, John H.; RI...................................  1882
            Clay, Alexander S.; GA................................  1824
            Clay, Clement Claiborne, Jr.; AL......................  1805
            Clay, Clement Comer; AL...............................  1806
            Clay, Henry; KY...................................1837, 1838
            Clayton, Henry D.; AL \1\.............................  1806
                \1\ Appointed by governor, but withdrew.
            Clayton, John M.; 
                DE............................................1819, 1820
            Clayton, Joshua; DE...................................  1820
            Clayton, Powell; AR...................................  1811
            Clayton, Thomas; DE...............................1819, 1820
            Cleland, Max; GA........................................1823
            Clemens, Jeremiah; AL.................................  1805
            Clements, Earle C.; KY................................  1838
            Clingman, Thomas L.; NC...............................  1870
            Clinton, De Witt; NY..................................  1868
            Clinton, Hillary; NY..................................  1867
            Coats, Dan; IN........................................  1832
            Cobb, Thomas W.; GA...................................  1823
            Coburn, Tom; OK.......................................  1876
            Cochran, Thad; MS.....................................  1852
            Cocke, William; TN................................1887, 1888
            Cockrell, Francis M.; MO..............................  1853
            Cohen, John S.; GA....................................  1823

[[Page 653]]

            Cohen, William S.; ME.................................  1842
            Coke, Richard; TX.....................................  1890
            Cole, Cornelius; CA...................................  1814
            Coleman, Norm; MN.....................................  1850
            Colhoun, John E.; SC..................................  1884
            Collamer, Jacob; VT...................................  1894
            Collins, Susan M.; ME.................................  1842
            Colquitt, Alfred H.; GA...............................  1823
            Colquitt, Walter T.; GA...............................  1824
            Colt, LeBaron B.; RI..................................  1882
            Comegys, Joseph P.; DE................................  1820
            Comer, Braxton B.; AL.................................  1805
            Condit, John; NJ..................................1863, 1864
            Conger, Omar D.; MI...................................  1847
            Conkling, Roscoe; NY..................................  1868
            Connally, Tom; TX.....................................  1889
            Conness, John; CA.....................................  1813
            Conover, Simon B.; FL.................................  1822
            Conrad, Charles M.; LA................................  1840
            Conrad, Kent; 
                ND............................................1871, 1872
            Cook, Marlow W.; KY...................................  1838
            Coolidge, Marcus A.; MA...............................  1846
            Coons, Christopher; DE................................  1820
            Cooper, Henry; TN.....................................  1888
            Cooper, James; PA.....................................  1880
            Cooper, John S.; KY...................................  1837
            Copeland, Royal S.; NY................................  1867
            Corbett, Henry W.; OR.................................  1878
            Cordon, Guy; OR.......................................  1877
            Corker, Robert; TN....................................  1887
            Cornyn, John; TX......................................  1890
            Cortez Masto, Catherine; NV...........................  1860
            Corwin, Thomas; OH....................................  1873
            Corzine, John; NJ.....................................  1863
            Costigan, Edward P.; CO...............................  1815
            Cotton, Norris; NH....................................  1862
            Cotton, Tom; AR.......................................  1811
            Couzens, James; MI....................................  1848
            Coverdell, Paul; GA...................................  1824
            Cowan, Edgar; PA......................................  1880
            Cowan, William ``Mo''; MA.............................  1846
            Crafts, Samuel C.; VT.................................  1894
            Cragin, Aaron H.; NH..................................  1861
            Craig, Larry E.; ID...................................  1827
            Cramer, Kevin; ND.....................................  1871
            Crane, Winthrop M.; MA................................  1846
            Cranston, Alan; CA....................................  1814
            Crapo, Mike; ID.......................................  1828
            Crawford, Coe I.; SD..................................  1886
            Crawford, William H.; GA..............................  1823
            Creswell, John A. J.; MD..............................  1844
            Crippa, Edward D.; WY.................................  1904
            Crittenden, John J.; 
                KY............................................1837, 1838
            Crow, William E.; PA..................................  1879
            Crozier, Robert; KS...................................  1835
            Cruz, Ted; TX.........................................  1889
            Culberson, Charles A.; TX.............................  1889
            Cullom, Shelby M.; IL.................................  1829
            Culver, John C.; IA...................................  1834
            Cummins, Albert B.; IA................................  1834
            Curtis, Carl T.; NE...................................  1858
            Curtis, Charles; 
                KS............................................1835, 1836
            Cuthbert, Alfred; GA..................................  1824
            Cutting, Bronson; NM..................................  1865
            Cutts, Charles; NH....................................  1862

                                          D

            Daggett, David; CT....................................  1818
            Daines, Steve; MT.....................................  1856
            Dale, Porter H.; VT...................................  1894
            Dallas, George M.; PA.................................  1879
            Dalton, Tristram; MA..................................  1845
            D'Amato, Alfonse M.; NY...............................  1868
            Dana, Judah; ME.......................................  1841
            Dana, Samuel W.; CT...................................  1817
            Danaher, John A.; CT..................................  1818
            Danforth, John C.; MO.................................  1853
            Daniel, Charles E.; SC................................  1883
            Daniel, John W.; VA...................................  1895
            Daniel, Price; TX.....................................  1889
            Darby, Harry; KS......................................  1836
            Daschle, Thomas A.; SD................................  1886
            Davenport, Franklin; NJ...............................  1863
            Davis, Cushman K.; MN.................................  1849
            Davis, David; IL......................................  1829
            Davis, Garrett; KY....................................  1838
            Davis, Henry G.; WV...................................  1900
            Davis, James J.; PA...................................  1880
            Davis, Jeff; AR.......................................  1811
            Davis, Jefferson; MS..................................  1851
            Davis, John; MA.......................................  1846
            Dawes, Henry L.; MA...................................  1845
            Dawson, William C.; GA................................  1824
            Dayton, Jonathan; NJ..................................  1864
            Dayton, Mark; MN......................................  1849
            Dayton, William L.; NJ................................  1863
            Deboe, William J.; KY.................................  1838
            DeConcini, Dennis; AZ.................................  1809
            DeMint, James; SC.....................................  1884
            Deneen, Charles S.; IL................................  1829
            Dennis, George R.; MD.................................  1844
            Denton, Jeremiah; AL..................................  1806
            Depew, Chauncey M.; NY................................  1867
            DeSaussure, William F.; SC............................  1883
            Destrehan, John N.; LA \1\............................  1839
                \1\ Elected, but did not qualify.
            DeWine, Mike; OH......................................  1873
            DeWolf, James; RI.....................................  1881
            Dexter, Samuel; MA....................................  1846

[[Page 654]]

            Dial, Nathaniel B.; SC................................  1883
            Dick, Charles W.F.; OH................................  1873
            Dickerson, Mahlon; 
                NJ............................................1863, 1864
            Dickinson, Daniel S.; NY..............................  1867
            Dickinson, L. J.; IA..................................  1833
            Dickinson, Philemon; NJ...............................  1864
            Dieterich, William H.; IL.............................  1830
            Dietrich, Charles H.; NE..............................  1857
            Dill, Clarence C.; WA.................................  1897
            Dillingham, William P.; VT............................  1894
            Dirksen, Everett M.; IL...............................  1830
            Dix, John A.; NY......................................  1868
            Dixon, Alan J.; IL....................................  1830
            Dixon, Archibald; KY..................................  1838
            Dixon, James; CT......................................  1817
            Dixon, Joseph M.; MT..................................  1856
            Dixon, Nathan F., 1st; RI.............................  1881
            Dixon, Nathan F., 3d; RI..............................  1882
            Dodd, Christopher J.; CT..............................  1818
            Dodd, Thomas J.; CT...................................  1817
            Dodge, Augustus C.; IA................................  1834
            Dodge, Henry; WI......................................  1901
            Dole, Elizabeth; NC...................................  1869
            Dole, Robert; KS......................................  1836
            Dolliver, Jonathan P.; IA.............................  1833
            Dolph, Joseph N.; OR..................................  1877
            Domenici, Pete V.; NM.................................  1866
            Dominick, Peter H.; CO................................  1816
            Donahey, Vic; OH......................................  1873
            Donnell, Forrest C.; MO...............................  1854
            Donnelly, Joe; IN.....................................  1831
            Doolittle, James R.; WI...............................  1901
            Dorgan, Byron L.; ND..................................  1872
            Dorsey, Stephen W.; AR................................  1812
            Douglas, Paul H.; IL..................................  1829
            Douglas, Stephen A.; IL...............................  1829
            Downey, Sheridan; CA..................................  1814
            Downs, Solomon W.; LA.................................  1839
            Doxey, Wall; MS.......................................  1852
            Drake, Charles D.; MO.................................  1854
            Drew, Irving W.; NH...................................  1862
            Dryden, John F.; NJ...................................  1864
            Dubois, Fred T.; 
                ID............................................1827, 1828
            Duckworth, Tammy; IL..................................  1830
            Dudley, Charles E.; NY................................  1867
            Duff, James H.; PA....................................  1880
            Duffy, F. Ryan; WI....................................  1902
            Dulles, John Foster; NY...............................  1868
            duPont, Henry A.; DE..................................  1819
            duPont, T. Coleman; DE............................1819, 1820
            Durbin, Richard J.; IL................................  1829
            Durenberger, David; MN................................  1849
            Durkee, Charles; WI...................................  1902
            Durkin, John A., NH...................................  1862
            Dworshak, Henry C.; ID................................  1827

                                          E

            Eagleton, Thomas F.; MO...............................  1854
            Earle, Joseph H.; SC..................................  1884
            East, John P.; NC.....................................  1870
            Eastland, James O.; MS................................  1852
            Eaton, John H.; TN....................................  1887
            Eaton, William W.; CT.................................  1817
            Ecton, Zales N.; MT...................................  1855
            Edge, Walter E.; NJ...................................  1864
            Edgerton, Alonzo J.; MN...............................  1850
            Edmondson, J. Howard; OK..............................  1875
            Edmunds, George F.; VT................................  1893
            Edwards, Edward I.; NJ................................  1863
            Edwards, Elaine S.; LA................................  1839
            Edwards, Henry W.; CT.................................  1817
            Edwards, John; KY.....................................  1838
            Edwards, John; NC.....................................  1870
            Edwards, Ninian; IL...................................  1830
            Elkins, Davis; WV.....................................  1900
            Elkins, Stephen B.; WV................................  1900
            Ellender, Allen J.; LA................................  1839
            Ellery, Christopher; RI...............................  1882
            Elliott, John; GA.....................................  1824
            Ellis, Powhatan; MS...................................  1851
            Ellsworth, Oliver; CT.................................  1817
            Elmer, Jonathan; NJ...................................  1863
            Elmore, Franklin H.; SC...............................  1883
            Engle, Clair; CA......................................  1813
            English, James E.; CT.................................  1818
            Ensign, John; NV......................................  1859
            Enzi, Michael B; WY...................................  1904
            Eppes, John W.; VA....................................  1896
            Erickson, John E.; MT.................................  1856
            Ernst, Joni; IA.......................................  1833
            Ernst, Richard P.; KY.................................  1838
            Ervin, Sam J., Jr.; NC................................  1870
            Eustis, James B.; LA..................................  1840
            Evans, Daniel J.; WA..................................  1897
            Evans, George; ME.....................................  1842
            Evans, Josiah J.; SC..................................  1883
            Evarts, William M.; NY................................  1868
            Everett, Edward; MA...................................  1846
            Ewing, Thomas; OH.................................1873, 1874
            Ewing, William L.D.; IL...............................  1830
            Exon, J.J.; NE........................................  1858

                                          F

            Fair, James G.; NV....................................  1859
            Fairbanks, Charles W.; IN.............................  1832
            Faircloth, Lauch; NC..................................  1870
            Fairfield, John; ME...................................  1841
            Fall, Albert B.; NM...................................  1866
            Fannin, Paul J.; AZ...................................  1809
            Farley, James T.; CA..................................  1814

[[Page 655]]

            Farwell, Charles B.; IL...............................  1830
            Farwell, Nathan A.; ME................................  1842
            Faulkner, Charles J.; WV..............................  1899
            Feazel, William C.; LA................................  1840
            Feingold, Russell D.; WI..............................  1902
            Feinstein, Dianne; CA.................................  1813
            Felch, Alpheus; MI....................................  1848
            Felton, Charles N.; CA................................  1813
            Felton, Mrs. Rebecca L.; GA...........................  1824
            Fenner, James; RI.....................................  1882
            Fenton, Reuben E.; NY.................................  1867
            Ferguson, Homer; MI...................................  1848
            Fernald, Bert M.; ME..................................  1842
            Ferris, Woodbridge N.; MI.............................  1847
            Ferry, Orris S.; CT...................................  1818
            Ferry, Thomas W.; MI..................................  1848
            Fess, Simeon D.; OH...................................  1873
            Fessenden, William P.; ME.............................  1842
            Few, William; GA......................................  1823
            Field, Richard S.; NJ.................................  1863
            Findlay, William; PA..................................  1879
            Finley, Jesse J.; FL \1\..............................  1821
                \1\ Appointed by governor, but did not qualify.
            Fischer, Debra; NE....................................  1857
            Fish, Hamilton; NY....................................  1867
            Fisk, James; VT.......................................  1894
            Fitch, Graham N.; IN..................................  1832
            Fitzgerald, Peter G.; IL..............................  1830
            Fitzgerald, Thomas; MI................................  1847
            Fitzpatrick, Benjamin; AL.........................1805, 1806
            Flake, Jeff; AZ.......................................  1809
            Flanagan, James W.; TX................................  1889
            Flanders, Ralph E.; VT................................  1893
            Fletcher, Duncan U.; FL...............................  1822
            Flint, Frank P.; CA...................................  1813
            Fogg, George G.; NH...................................  1862
            Fong, Hiram L.; HI....................................  1825
            Foot, Samuel A.; CT...................................  1817
            Foot, Solomon; VT.....................................  1893
            Foote, Henry S.; MS...................................  1852
            Foraker, Joseph B.; OH................................  1874
            Ford, Wendell H.; KY..................................  1838
            Forsyth, John; GA.................................1823, 1824
            Foster, Addison G.; WA................................  1897
            Foster, Dwight; MA....................................  1846
            Foster, Ephraim III; TN...............................  1887
            Foster, Henry A.; NY..................................  1868
            Foster, Lafayette S.; CT..............................  1818
            Foster, Murphy J.; LA.................................  1839
            Foster, Theodore; RI..................................  1881
            Fowler, Joseph S.; TN.................................  1888
            Fowler, Wyche, Jr.; GA................................  1824
            Frahm, Sheila; KS.....................................  1836
            France, Joseph I.; MD.................................  1843
            Francis, John B.; RI..................................  1881
            Franken, Al; MN.......................................  1850
            Franklin, Jesse; NC...............................1869, 1870
            Frazier, James B.; TN.................................  1887
            Frazier, Lynn J.; ND..................................  1871
            Frear, J. Allen, Jr.; DE..............................  1820
            Frelinghuysen, Frederick; NJ..........................  1864
            Frelinghuysen, Frederick T.; NJ...................1863, 1864
            Frelinghuysen, Joseph S.; NJ..........................  1863
            Frelinghuysen, Theodore; NJ...........................  1864
            Fremont, John C.; CA..................................  1813
            Frist, William H.; TN.................................  1887
            Fromentin, Eligius; LA................................  1840
            Frye, William P.; ME..................................  1842
            Fulbright, J. William; AR.............................  1812
            Fulton, Charles W.; OR................................  1878
            Fulton, William S.; AR................................  1811

                                          G

            Gaillard, John; SC....................................  1884
                \1\ Elected but did not qualify.
            Gallatin, Albert; PA \1\..............................  1879
            Gallinger, Jacob H.; NH...............................  1862
            Gamble, Robert J.; SD.................................  1885
            Gambrell, David H.; GA................................  1823
            Gardner, Cory; CO.....................................  1815
            Gardner, Obadiah; ME..................................  1842
            Garland, Augustus H.; AR..............................  1811
            Garn, E. J. ``Jake''; UT..............................  1892
            Gary, Frank B.; SC....................................  1884
            Gay, Edward J.; LA....................................  1840
            Gear, John H.; IA.....................................  1833
            Gearin, John M.; OR...................................  1877
            George, James Z.; MS..................................  1851
            George, Walter F.; GA.................................  1824
            German, Obadiah; NY...................................  1867
            Gerry, Peter G.; RI...................................  1881
            Geyer, Henry S.; MO...................................  1853
            Gibson, Charles H.; MD................................  1844
            Gibson, Ernest W.; VT.................................  1894
            Gibson, Ernest W., Jr.; VT............................  1894
            Gibson, Paris; MT.....................................  1855
            Gibson, Randall L.; LA................................  1839
            Gilbert, Abijah; FL...................................  1821
            Giles, William B.; VA.............................1895, 1896
            Gillett, Frederick H.; MA.............................  1846
            Gillette, Francis; CT.................................  1818
            Gillette, Guy M.; IA..............................1833, 1834
            Gillibrand, Kirsten; NY...............................  1867
            Gilman, Nicholas; NH..................................  1861
            Glass, Carter; VA.....................................  1896
            Glass, Frank P.; AL \2\...............................  1806
                \2\ Appointed by governor, but did not qualify.
            Glenn, John H.; OH....................................  1874

[[Page 656]]

            Glenn, Otis F.; IL....................................  1830
            Goff, Guy D.; WV......................................  1900
            Goff, Nathan; WV......................................  1900
            Goldsborough, Phillips L.; MD.........................  1843
            Goldsborough, Robert H.; MD...........................  1844
            Goldthwaite, George; AL...............................  1805
            Goldwater, Barry; AZ..............................1809, 1810
            Goodell, Charles E.; NY...............................  1867
            Goodhue, Benjamin; MA.................................  1845
            Gooding, Frank R.; ID.................................  1828
            Goodrich, Chauncey; CT................................  1818
            Goodwin, Carte; WV....................................  1899
            Gordon, James; MS.....................................  1852
            Gordon, John B.; GA...................................  1824
            Gore, Albert; TN......................................  1887
            Gore, Albert, Jr.; TN.................................  1888
            Gore, Christopher; MA.................................  1845
            Gore, Thomas P.; OK...............................1875, 1876
            Gorman, Arthur P.; MD.............................1843, 1844
            Gorton, Slade; WA.................................1897, 1898
            Gossett, Charles C.; ID...............................  1827
            Gould, Arthur R.; ME..................................  1842
            Graham, Bob; FL.......................................  1822
            Graham, Frank P.; NC..................................  1869
            Graham, Lindsey; SC...................................  1883
            Graham, William A.; NC................................  1870
            Gramm, Wm. Philip; TX.................................  1890
            Grammer, Elijah S.; WA................................  1898
            Grams, Rod; MN........................................  1849
            Grassley, Charles E.; IA..............................  1834
            Gravel, Mike; AK......................................  1808
            Graves, Mrs. Dixie Bibb; AL...........................  1806
            Gray, George; DE......................................  1819
            Grayson, William; VA..................................  1895
            Green, James S.; MO...................................  1854
            Green, Theodore F.; RI................................  1882
            Greene, Albert C.; RI.................................  1881
            Greene, Frank L.; VT..................................  1893
            Greene, Ray; RI.......................................  1882
            Gregg, Andrew; PA.....................................  1880
            Gregg, Judd; NH.......................................  1862
            Griffin, Robert P.; MI................................  1848
            Grimes, James W.; IA..................................  1833
            Griswold, Dwight; NE..................................  1858
            Griswold, Stanley; OH.................................  1874
            Gronna, Asle J.; ND...................................  1872
            Groome, James B.; MD..................................  1844
            Grover, LaFayette; OR.................................  1877
            Gruening, Ernest; AK..................................  1808
            Grundy, Felix; TN.....................................  1887
            Grundy, Joseph R.; PA.................................  1880
            Guffey, Joseph F.; PA.................................  1879
            Guggenheim, Simon; CO.................................  1815
            Guion, Walter; LA.....................................  1840
            Gunn, James; GA.......................................  1824
            Gurney, Edward J.; FL.................................  1822
            Gurney, J. Chandler; SD...............................  1886
            Guthrie, James; KY....................................  1837
            Gwin, William M.; CA..................................  1814

                                          H

            Hagan, Kay; NC........................................  1869
            Hagel, Chuck; NE......................................  1858
            Hager, John S.; CA....................................  1813
            Hale, Eugene; ME......................................  1841
            Hale, Frederick; ME...................................  1841
            Hale, John P.; NH.....................................  1861
            Hall, Wilton E.; SC...................................  1884
            Hamilton, Morgan C.; TX...............................  1890
            Hamilton, William T.; MD..............................  1843
            Hamlin, Hannibal; ME..................................  1841
            Hammond, James H.; SC.................................  1884
            Hampton, Wade; SC.....................................  1884
            Hanna, Marcus A.; OH..................................  1873
            Hanna, Robert; IN.....................................  1831
            Hannegan, Edward A.; IN...............................  1832
            Hansbrough, Henry C.; ND..............................  1872
            Hansen, Clifford P.; WY...............................  1904
            Hanson, Alexander C.; MD..............................  1843
            Hardin, Martin D.; KY.................................  1837
            Harding, Benjamin F.; OR..............................  1877
            Harding, Warren G.; OH................................  1874
            Hardwick, Thomas W.; GA...............................  1823
            Harkin, Thomas R; IA..................................  1833
            Harlan, James; IA.....................................  1834
            Harper, Robert G.; MD.................................  1843
            Harper, William; SC...................................  1884
            Harreld, John W.; OK..................................  1876
            Harris, Fred R.; OK...................................  1875
            Harris, Ira; NY.......................................  1868
            Harris, Isham G.; TN..................................  1888
            Harris, John S.; LA...................................  1839
            Harris, Kamala O.; CA.................................  1814
            Harris, William A.; KS................................  1836
            Harris, William J.; GA................................  1823
            Harrison, Benjamin; IN................................  1831
            Harrison, Pat; MS.....................................  1852
            Harrison, William H.; OH..............................  1874
            Hart, Gary W.; CO.....................................  1816
            Hart, Philip A.; MI...................................  1847
            Hart, Thomas C.; CT...................................  1817
            Hartke, Vance; IN.....................................  1831
            Harvey, James M.; KS..................................  1835
            Haskell, Floyd K.; CO.................................  1815
            Hassan, Margaret W.;NH................................  1862
            Hastings, Daniel O.; DE...............................  1820
            Hatch, Carl A.; NM....................................  1866
            Hatch, Orrin G.; UT...................................  1891
            Hatfield, Henry D.; WV................................  1899
            Hatfield, Mark O.; OR.................................  1877
            Hatfield, Paul G.; MT.................................  1856
            Hathaway, William D.; ME..............................  1842

[[Page 657]]

            Haun, Henry P.; CA....................................  1813
            Hawes, Harry B.; MO...................................  1854
            Hawkes, Albert W.; NJ.................................  1864
            Hawkins, Benjamin; NC.................................  1870
            Hawkins, Paula; FL....................................  1822
            Hawley, Joseph R.; CT.................................  1817
            Hawley, Joshua D.; MO.................................  1853
            Hayakawa, S.I.; CA....................................  1813
            Hayden, Carl; AZ......................................  1810
            Hayne, Arthur P.; SC..................................  1883
            Hayne, Robert Y.; SC..................................  1883
            Hayward, Monroe L.; NE................................  1857
            Haywood, William H.; NC...............................  1870
            Hearst, George; CA....................................  1813
            Hebert, Felix; RI.....................................  1881
            Hecht, Chic; NV.......................................  1859
            Heflin, Howell; AL....................................  1805
            Heflin, J. Thomas; AL.................................  1805
            Heinrich, Martin; NM..................................  1865
            Heinz, H. John, III; PA...............................  1879
            Heiskell, John N.; AR.................................  1811
            Heitfeld, Henry; ID...................................  1828
            Heitkamp, Heidi; ND...................................  1871
            Heller, Dean; NV......................................  1859
            Helms, Jesse; NC......................................  1869
            Hemenway, James A.; IN................................  1832
            Hemphill, John; TX....................................  1890
            Henderson, Charles B.; NV.............................  1860
            Henderson, J. Pinckney; TX............................  1889
            Henderson, John; MS...................................  1851
            Henderson, John B.; MO................................  1853
            Hendricks, Thomas A.; IN..............................  1831
            Hendricks, William; IN................................  1832
            Hendrickson, Robert C.; NJ............................  1864
            Hennings, Thomas C., Jr.; MO..........................  1854
            Henry, John; MD.......................................  1844
            Hereford, Frank; WV...................................  1899
            Herring, Clyde L.; IA.................................  1833
            Heyburn, Weldon B.; ID................................  1828
            Hickenlooper, Bourke B.; IA...........................  1834
            Hickey, John Joseph; WY...............................  1904
            Hicks, Thomas H.; MD..................................  1844
            Higgins, Anthony; DE..................................  1820
            Hill, Benjamin H.; GA.................................  1823
            Hill, David B.; NY....................................  1868
            Hill, Isaac; NH.......................................  1862
            Hill, Joshua; GA......................................  1824
            Hill, Lister; AL......................................  1806
            Hill, Nathaniel P.; CO................................  1816
            Hill, William L.; FL..................................  1822
            Hillhouse, James; CT..................................  1817
            Hindman, William; MD..................................  1844
            Hirono, Mazie; HI.....................................  1825
            Hiscock, Frank; NY....................................  1867
            Hitchcock, Gilbert M.; NE.............................  1857
            Hitchcock, Herbert E.; SD.............................  1886
            Hitchcock, Phineas W.; NE.............................  1858
            Hoar, George F.; MA...................................  1846
            Hobart, John S.; NY...................................  1867
            Hoblitzell, John D., Jr.; WV..........................  1900
            Hodges, Kaneaster, Jr.; AR............................  1811
            Hoeven, John; ND......................................  1872
            Hoey, Clyde R.; NC....................................  1870
            Holland, Spessard L.; FL..............................  1821
            Hollings, Ernest F.; SC...............................  1884
            Hollis, Henry F.; NH..................................  1861
            Holman, Rufus C.; OR..................................  1878
            Holmes, David; MS.....................................  1851
            Holmes, John; ME......................................  1841
            Holt, Rush D., WV.....................................  1899
            Hopkins, Albert J.; IL................................  1830
            Horsey, Outerbridge; DE...............................  1819
            Houston, Andrew Jackson; TX...........................  1890
            Houston, George S.; AL................................  1806
            Houston, Sam; TX......................................  1890
            Howard, Guy V.; MN....................................  1850
            Howard, Jacob M.; MI..................................  1848
            Howard, John E.; MD...................................  1843
            Howe, Timothy O.; WI..................................  1902
            Howell, James B.; IA..................................  1833
            Howell, Jeremiah B.; RI...............................  1882
            Howell, Robert B.; NE.................................  1857
            Howland, Benjamin; RI.................................  1881
            Hruska, Roman L.; NE..................................  1857
            Hubbard, Henry; NH....................................  1861
            Huddleston, Walter D.; KY.............................  1837
            Huffman, James W.; OH.................................  1873
            Huger, Daniel E.; SC..................................  1883
            Hughes, Charles J., Jr.; CO...........................  1816
            Hughes, Harold E.; IA.................................  1834
            Hughes, James H.; DE..................................  1820
            Hughes, William; NJ...................................  1864
            Hull, Cordell; TN.....................................  1888
            Humphrey, Gordon J.; NH...............................  1861
            Humphrey, Hubert H.; MN...........................1849, 1850
            Humphrey, Muriel; MN..................................  1849
            Humphreys, Robert; KY.................................  1837
            Hunt, Lester C.; WY...................................  1904
            Hunter, John; SC......................................  1883
            Hunter, Richard C.; NE................................  1857
            Hunter, Robert M.T.; VA...............................  1896
            Hunter, William; RI...................................  1881
            Huntington, Jabez W.; CT..............................  1817
            Hunton, Eppa; VA......................................  1896
            Husting, Paul O.; WI..................................  1902
            Hutchinson, Tim; AR...................................  1811
            Hutchison, Kay B.; TX.................................  1889
            Hyde-Smith, Cindy; MS.................................  1852

                                          I

            Ingalls, John J.; KS..................................  1836

[[Page 658]]

            Inhofe, James M.; OK..................................  1875
            Inouye, Daniel K.; HI.................................  1826
            Irby, John L.M.; SC...................................  1884
            Iredell, James; NC....................................  1870
            Isakson, Johnny; GA...................................  1824
            Iverson, Alfred; GA...................................  1824
            Ives, Irving M.; NY...................................  1867
            Izard, Ralph; SC......................................  1884

                                          J

            Jackson, Andrew; TN...............................1887, 1888
            Jackson, Henry M.; WA.................................  1897
            Jackson, Howell E.; TN................................  1887
            Jackson, James; GA................................1823, 1824
            Jackson, Samuel D.; IN................................  1832
            Jackson, William P.; MD...............................  1843
            James, Charles T.; RI.................................  1881
            James, Ollie M.; KY...................................  1837
            Jarnagin, Spencer; TN.................................  1888
            Jarvis, Thomas J.; NC.................................  1870
            Javits, Jacob K.; NY..................................  1868
            Jeffords, James M.; VT................................  1893
            Jenner, William E.; IN............................1831, 1832
            Jenness, Benning W.; NH...............................  1861
            Jepsen, Roger W.; IA..................................  1833
            Jewett, Daniel T.; MO.................................  1854
            Johanns, Mike; NE.....................................  1858
            Johns, Kensey; DE \1\.................................  1819
                \1\ Appointed by governor but declared not entitled to 
            seat.
            Johnson, Andrew; TN...................................  1887
            Johnson, Charles F.; ME...............................  1841
            Johnson, Edwin C.; CO.................................  1815
            Johnson, Edwin S.; SD.................................  1886
            Johnson, Henry; LA................................1839, 1840
            Johnson, Herschel V.; GA..............................  1824
            Johnson, Hiram W.; CA.................................  1813
            Johnson, Lyndon B.; TX................................  1890
            Johnson, Magnus; MN...................................  1850
            Johnson, Martin N.; ND................................  1872
            Johnson, Reverdy; MD..................................  1843
            Johnson, Richard M.; KY...............................  1837
            Johnson, Robert W.; AR................................  1812
            Johnson, Ron; WI......................................  1902
            Johnson, Tim; SD......................................  1885
            Johnson, Waldo P.; MO.................................  1854
            Johnson, William S.; CT...............................  1818
            Johnston, J. Bennett; LA..............................  1839
            Johnston, John W.; VA.................................  1896
            Johnston, Joseph F.; AL...............................  1806
            Johnston, Josiah S.; LA...............................  1840
            Johnston, Olin D.; SC.................................  1884
            Johnston, Rienzi M.; TX...............................  1890
            Johnston, Samuel; NC..................................  1869
            Jonas, Benjamin F.; LA................................  1840
            Jones, Andrieus A.; NM................................  1865
            Jones, Charles W.; FL.................................  1821
            Jones, Doug; AL.......................................  1805
            Jones, George; GA.....................................  1823
            Jones, George W.; IA..................................  1833
            Jones, James C.; TN...................................  1887
            Jones, James K.; AR...................................  1812
            Jones, John P.; NV....................................  1860
            Jones, Wesley L.; WA..................................  1898
            Jordan, B. Everett; NC................................  1869
            Jordan, Len B.; ID....................................  1827

                                          K

            Kaine, Tim; VA........................................  1895
            Kane, Elias K.; IL....................................  1830
            Karnes, David K.; NE..................................  1857
            Kassebaum, Nancy Landon; KS...........................  1835
            Kasten, Robert W., Jr.; WI............................  1902
            Kaufman, Edward; DE...................................  1820
            Kavanaugh, William M.; AR.............................  1811
            Kean, Hamilton F.; NJ.................................  1863
            Kean, John; NJ........................................  1863
            Kearns, Thomas; UT....................................  1891
            Keating, Kenneth B.; NY...............................  1867
            Kefauver, Estes; TN...................................  1888
            Kellogg, Frank B.; MN.................................  1849
            Kellogg, William P.; LA...........................1839, 1840
            Kelly, James K.; OR...................................  1877
            Kelly, William; AL....................................  1806
            Kem, James P.; MO.....................................  1853
            Kempthorne, Dirk; ID..................................  1828
            Kendrick, John B.; WY.................................  1903
            Kenna, John E.; WV....................................  1900
            Kennedy, Anthony; MD..................................  1843
            Kennedy, Edward M.; MA................................  1845
            Kennedy, John F.; MA..................................  1845
            Kennedy, John; LA.....................................  1840
            Kennedy, Robert F.; NY................................  1867
            Kenney, Richard R.; DE................................  1820
            Kent, Joseph; MD......................................  1843
            Kenyon, William S.; IA................................  1833
            Kern, John W.; IN.....................................  1831
            Kernan, Francis; NY...................................  1867
            Kerr, John L.; MD.....................................  1844
            Kerr, Joseph; OH......................................  1873
            Kerr, Robert S.; OK...................................  1875
            Kerrey, J. Robert; NE.................................  1857
            Kerry, John F.; MA....................................  1846
            Key, David M.; TN.....................................  1887
            Keyes, Henry W.; NH...................................  1861
            Kilgore, Harley M.; WV................................  1899
            King, Angus; ME.......................................  1841
            King, John P.; GA.....................................  1823
            King, Preston; NY.....................................  1867
            King, Rufus; NY.......................................  1868

[[Page 659]]

            King, William H.; UT..................................  1891
            King, William R.; AL..............................1805, 1806
            Kirby, William F.; AR.................................  1812
            Kirk, Mark; IL........................................  1830
            Kirk, Paul G.; MA.....................................  1845
            Kirkwood, Samuel J.; IA...........................1833, 1834
            Kitchell, Aaron; NJ...................................  1864
            Kittredge, Alfred B.; SD..............................  1886
            Klobuchar, Amy; MN....................................  1849
            Knight, Nehemiah R.; RI...............................  1882
            Knowland, William F.; CA..............................  1813
            Knox, Philander C.; PA................................  1879
            Kohl, Herbert; WI.....................................  1901
            Krueger, Bob; TX......................................  1889
            Kuchel, Thomas H.; CA.................................  1814
            Kyl, Jon; AZ......................................1809, 1810
            Kyle, James H.; SD....................................  1886

                                          L

            Lacock, Abner; PA.....................................  1880
            Ladd, Edwin F.; ND....................................  1872
            LaFollette, Robert M.; WI.............................  1901
            LaFollette, Robert M., Jr.; WI........................  1901
            Laird, William R., III; WV............................  1899
            Lamar, Lucius Q.C.; MS................................  1852
            Lambert, John; NJ.....................................  1863
            Landrieu, Mary L.; LA.................................  1839
            Lane, Harry; OR.......................................  1877
            Lane, Henry S.; IN....................................  1832
            Lane, James H.; KS....................................  1835
            Lane, Joseph; OR......................................  1878
            Langdon, John; NH.....................................  1862
            Langer, William; ND...................................  1871
            Lankford, James; OK...................................  1876
            Lanman, James; CT.....................................  1818
            Lapham, Elbridge G.; NY...............................  1868
            Larrazolo, Octaviano A.; NM...........................  1865
            Latham, Milton S.; CA.................................  1813
            Latimer, Asbury C.; SC................................  1884
            Latimer, Henry; DE....................................  1819
            Laurance, John; NY....................................  1868
            Lausche, Frank J.; OH.................................  1874
            Lautenberg, Frank R.; NJ..........................1863, 1864
            Laxalt, Paul; NV......................................  1860
            Lea, Luke; TN.........................................  1887
            Leahy, Edward L.; RI..................................  1881
            Leahy, Patrick J.; VT.................................  1894
            Leake, Walter; MS.....................................  1851
            Lee, Blair; MD........................................  1843
            Lee, Josh; OK.........................................  1875
            Lee, Mike; UT.........................................  1892
            Lee, Richard H.; VA...................................  1896
            Lehman, Herbert H.; NY................................  1868
            Leib, Michael; PA.....................................  1879
            Leigh, Benjamin W.; VA................................  1896
            LeMieux, George; FL...................................  1822
            Lennon, Alton A.; NC..................................  1869
            Lenroot, Irvine L.; WI................................  1902
            Levin, Carl; MI.......................................  1848
            Lewis, Dixon H.; AL...................................  1805
            Lewis, James Hamilton; IL.............................  1829
            Lewis, John F.; VA....................................  1895
            Lieberman, Joseph I.; CT..............................  1817
            Lincoln, Blanche L.; AR...............................  1812
            Lindsay, William; KY..................................  1837
            Linn, Lewis F.; MO....................................  1854
            Lippitt, Henry F.; RI.................................  1881
            Livermore, Samuel; NH.................................  1861
            Livingston, Edward; LA................................  1839
            Lloyd, Edward; MD.....................................  1844
            Lloyd, James; MD......................................  1844
            Lloyd, James; MA..................................1845, 1846
            Locher, Cyrus; OH.....................................  1874
            Locke, Francis; NC....................................  1870
            Lodge, Henry Cabot; MA................................  1845
            Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr.; MA.................1824, 1845, 1846
            Loeffler, Kelly; GA...................................  1824
            Loftin, Scott M.; FL..................................  1821
            Logan, George; PA.....................................  1880
            Logan, John A.; IL................................1829, 1830
            Logan, Marvel M.; KY..................................  1837
            Logan, William; KY....................................  1838
            Lonergan, Augustine; CT...............................  1818
            Long, Chester I.; KS..................................  1836
            Long, Edward V.; MO...................................  1854
            Long, Huey P.; LA.....................................  1839
            Long, Oren E.; HI.....................................  1826
            Long, Rose McConnell; LA..............................  1839
            Long, Russell B.; LA..................................  1840
            Lorimer, William; IL..................................  1830
            Lott, Trent; MS.......................................  1851
            Lowrie, Walter; PA....................................  1880
            Lucas, Scott W.; IL...................................  1830
            Lugar, Richard G.; IN.................................  1831
            Lumpkin, Alva M.; SC..................................  1883
            Lumpkin, Wilson; GA...................................  1823
            Lundeen, Ernest; MN...................................  1850
            Lusk, Hall S.; OR.....................................  1877
            Lyon, Lucius; MI......................................  1847

                                          M

            Machen, Willis B.; KY.................................  1838
            Mack, Connie; FL......................................  1821
            Maclay, Samuel; PA....................................  1879
            Maclay, William; PA...................................  1879
            Macon, Nathaniel; NC..................................  1870
            Magnuson, Warren G.; WA...............................  1898
            Magruder, Allan B.; LA................................  1840
            Mahone, William; VA...................................  1895
            Malbone, Francis; RI..................................  1881

[[Page 660]]

            Mallory, Stephen R.; FL...............................  1821
            Mallory, Stephen R.; FL...............................  1822
            Malone, George W.; NV.................................  1859
            Maloney, Francis; CT..................................  1817
            Manchin, Joe; WV......................................  1899
            Manderson, Charles F.; NE.............................  1858
            Mangum, Willie P.; NC.............................1869, 1870
            Mansfield, Mike; MT...................................  1855
            Mantle, Lee; MT.......................................  1855
            Marcy, William L.; NY.................................  1868
            Markey, Edward; MA....................................  1846
            Marks, William; PA....................................  1880
            Marshall, Humphrey; KY................................  1838
            Marston, Gilman; NH...................................  1861
            Martin, Alexander; NC.................................  1869
            Martin, Edward; PA....................................  1879
            Martin, George B.; KY.................................  1837
            Martin, John; KS......................................  1835
            Martin, Thomas E.; IA.................................  1833
            Martin, Thomas S.; VA.................................  1896
            Martine, James E.; NJ.................................  1863
            Martinez, Mel; FL.....................................  1822
            Mason, Armistead T.; VA...............................  1896
            Mason, James M.; VA...................................  1895
            Mason, Jeremiah; NH...................................  1862
            Mason, Jonathan; MA...................................  1845
            Mason, Stevens T.; VA.................................  1895
            Mason, William E.; IL.................................  1830
            Massey, William A.; NV................................  1859
            Mathews, Harlan; TN...................................  1888
            Mathewson, Elisha; RI.................................  1882
            Mathias, Charles McC., Jr.; MD........................  1844
            Matsunaga, Spark M.; HI...............................  1825
            Matthews, Stanley; OH.................................  1874
            Mattingly, Mack; GA...................................  1824
            Maxey, Samuel B.; TX..................................  1889
            Maybank, Burnet R.; SC................................  1883
            Mayfield, Earle B.; TX................................  1889
            McAdoo, William Gibbs; CA.............................  1814
            McBride, George W.; OR................................  1877
            McCain, John S., III; AZ..............................  1810
            McCarran, Patrick A.; NV..............................  1860
            McCarthy, Eugene J.; MI...............................  1849
            McCarthy, Joseph R.; WI...............................  1901
            McClellan, John L.; AR................................  1811
            McCaskill, Claire; MO.................................  1853
            McClure, James A.; ID.................................  1827
            McComas, Louis E.; MD.................................  1843
            McConnell, Mitch; KY..................................  1837
            McConnell, William J.; ID.............................  1828
            McCormick, Medill; IL.................................  1829
            McCreary, James B.; KY................................  1838
            McCreery, Thomas C.; KY...........................1837, 1838
            McCulloch, Roscoe C.; OH..............................  1874
            McCumber, Porter J.; ND...............................  1871
            McDill, James W.; IA..................................  1833
            McDonald, Alexander; AR...............................  1811
            McDonald, Joseph E.; IN...............................  1831
            McDougall, James A.; CA...............................  1814
            McDuffie, George; SC..................................  1884
            McEnery, Samuel D.; LA................................  1840
            McFarland, Ernest W.; AZ..............................  1809
            McGee, Gale W.; WY....................................  1903
            McGill, George; KS....................................  1836
            McGovern, George; SD..................................  1886
            McGrath, J. Howard; RI................................  1881
            McIlvaine, Joseph; NJ.................................  1863
            McIntyre, Thomas J.; NH...............................  1861
            McKean, Samuel; PA....................................  1879
            McKellar, Kenneth D.; TN..............................  1887
            McKinley, John; AL....................................  1806
            McKinley, William B.; IL..............................  1830
            McLane, Louis; DE.....................................  1819
            McLaurin, Anselm J.; MS...............................  1852
            McLaurin, John L.; SC.................................  1884
            McLean, George P.; CT.................................  1817
            McLean, John; IL..................................1829, 1830
            McMahon, Brien; CT....................................  1818
            McMaster, William H.; SD..............................  1885
            McMillan, James; MI...................................  1848
            McMillan, Samuel J.R.; MN.............................  1849
            McNamara, Patrick V.; MI..............................  1848
            McNary, Charles L.; OR................................  1877
            McPherson, John R.; NJ................................  1864
            McRae, John J.; MS....................................  1851
            McRoberts, Samuel; IL.................................  1829
            McSally, Martha; AZ...................................  1810
            Mead, James M.; NY....................................  1867
            Means, Rice W.; CO....................................  1816
            Mechem, E.L.; NM......................................  1865
            Meigs, Return J., Jr.; OH.............................  1873
            Melcher, John; MT.....................................  1855
            Mellen, Prentiss; MA..................................  1845
            Menendez, Robert; NJ..................................  1863
            Meriwether, David; KY.................................  1838
            Merkley, Jeff; OR.....................................  1877
            Merrick, William D.; MD...............................  1843
            Merrimon, Augustus S.; NC.............................  1870
            Metcalf, Jesse H.; RI.................................  1882
            Metcalf, Lee; MT......................................  1856
            Metcalfe, Thomas; KY..................................  1838
            Metzenbaum, Howard M.; OH.........................1873, 1874
            Mikulski, Barbara A.; MD..............................  1844
            Millard, Joseph H.; NE................................  1858
            Milledge, John; GA....................................  1824
            Miller, Bert H.; ID...................................  1827
            Miller, Homer V.M.; GA................................  1823
            Miller, Jack; IA......................................  1833
            Miller, Jacob W.; NJ..................................  1864
            Miller, John E.; AR...................................  1811

[[Page 661]]

            Miller, John F.; CA...................................  1813
            Miller, Stephen D.; SC................................  1884
            Miller, Warner; NY....................................  1867
            Miller, Zell B.; GA...................................  1824
            Millikin, Eugene D.; CO...............................  1816
            Mills, Elijah H.; MA..................................  1845
            Mills, Roger Q.; TX...................................  1889
            Milton, John; NJ......................................  1863
            Milton, William H.; FL................................  1822
            Minton, Sherman; IN...................................  1831
            Mitchel, Charles B.; AR...............................  1812
            Mitchell, George J.; ME...............................  1841
            Mitchell, Hugh B.; WA.................................  1897
            Mitchell, John H.; 
                OR............................................1877, 1878
            Mitchell, John I.; PA.................................  1879
            Mitchell, John L.; WI.................................  1901
            Mitchell, Stephen M.; CT..............................  1818
            Mitchill, Samuel L.; NY...............................  1867
            Mondale, Walter F.; MN................................  1850
            Money, Hernando D.; MS................................  1851
            Monroe, James; VA.....................................  1895
            Monroney, A.S. Mike; OK...............................  1876
            Montoya, Joseph M.; NM................................  1865
            Moody, Blair; MI......................................  1847
            Moody, Gideon C.; SD..................................  1885
            Moor, Wyman B.S.; ME..................................  1841
            Moore, A. Harry; NJ...................................  1863
            Moore, Andrew; VA.................................1895, 1896
            Moore, Edward H.; OK..................................  1875
            Moore, Gabriel; AL....................................  1806
            Moran, Jerry; KS......................................  1836
            Morehead, James T.; KY................................  1837
            Morgan, Edwin D.; NY..................................  1867
            Morgan, John T.; AL...................................  1805
            Morgan, Robert; NC....................................  1870
            Morrill, David L.; NH.................................  1861
            Morrill, Justin S.; VT................................  1894
            Morrill, Lot Myrick; ME...........................1841, 1842
            Morris, Gouverneur; NY................................  1867
            Morris, Robert; PA....................................  1880
            Morris, Thomas; OH....................................  1873
            Morrison, Cameron; NC.................................  1870
            Morrow, Dwight W.; NJ.................................  1864
            Morrow, Jeremiah; OH..................................  1874
            Morse, Wayne L.; OR...................................  1878
            Morton, Jackson; FL...................................  1822
            Morton, Oliver H.P.T.; IN.............................  1832
            Morton, Thruston B.; KY...............................  1838
            Moseley-Braun, Carol; IL..............................  1830
            Moses, George H.; NH..................................  1862
            Moses, John; ND.......................................  1872
            Moss, Frank E.; UT....................................  1891
            Mouton, Alexander; LA.................................  1840
            Moynihan, Daniel P.; NY...............................  1867
            Muhlenberg, John P.G.; PA.............................  1880
            Mulkey, Frederick W.; OR..............................  1877
            Mundt, Karl E.; SD....................................  1885
            Murdock, Abe; UT......................................  1891
            Murkowski, Frank H.; AK...............................  1808
            Murkowski, Lisa; AK...................................  1808
            Murphy, Christopher; CT...............................  1818
            Murphy, Edward, Jr.; NY...............................  1867
            Murphy, George; CA....................................  1813
            Murphy, Maurice J., Jr; NH............................  1861
            Murphy, Richard Louis; IA.............................  1834
            Murray, James E.; MT..................................  1856
            Murray, Patty; WA.....................................  1898
            Muskie, Edmund S.; ME.................................  1841
            Myers, Francis J.; PA.................................  1880
            Myers, Henry L.; MT...................................  1855

                                          N

            Naudain, Arnold; DE...................................  1819
            Neely, Matthew M.; WV.............................1899, 1900
            Nelson, Arthur E.; MN.................................  1850
            Nelson, Ben; NE.......................................  1857
            Nelson, Bill; FL......................................  1821
            Nelson, Gaylord; WI...................................  1902
            Nelson, Knute; MN.....................................  1850
            Nesmith, James W.; OR.................................  1878
            Neuberger, Maurine B.; OR.............................  1877
            Neuberger, Richard L.; OR.............................  1877
            New, Harry S.; IN.....................................  1831
            Newberry, Truman H.; MI...............................  1848
            Newlands, Francis G.; NV..............................  1860
            Nicholas, Robert C.; LA...............................  1839
            Nicholas, Wilson C.; VA...............................  1896
            Nicholson, Alfred O.P.; TN........................1887, 1888
            Nicholson, Samuel D.; CO..............................  1816
            Nickles, Don; OK......................................  1876
            Niles, John M.; CT................................1817, 1818
            Nixon, George S.; NV..................................  1859
            Nixon, Richard M.; CA.................................  1814
            Noble, James; IN......................................  1831
            Norbeck, Peter; SD....................................  1886
            Norris, George W.; NE.................................  1858
            Norris, Moses, Jr.; NH................................  1862
            North, William; NY....................................  1867
            Norton, Daniel S.; MN.................................  1850
            Norvell, John; MI.....................................  1848
            Norwood, Thomas M.; GA................................  1823
            Nourse, Amos; ME......................................  1841
            Nugent, John F.; ID...................................  1828
            Nunn, Sam; GA.........................................  1823
            Nye, Gerald P.; ND....................................  1872
            Nye, James W.; NV.....................................  1860

                                          O

            Obama, Barack; IL.....................................  1830

[[Page 662]]

            O'Conor, Herbert R.; MD...............................  1843
            O'Daniel, W. Lee; TX..................................  1890
            Oddie, Tasker L.; NV..................................  1860
            Ogden, Aaron; NJ......................................  1863
            Oglesby, Richard J.; IL...............................  1830
            O'Gorman, James A.; NY................................  1867
            Olcott, Simeon; NH....................................  1861
            Oliver, George T.; PA.................................  1879
            O'Mahoney, Joseph C.; WY..........................1903, 1904
            Osborn, Thomas W.; FL.................................  1822
            Otis, Harrison G.; MA.................................  1846
            Overman, Lee S.; NC...................................  1870
            Overton, John H.; LA..................................  1840
            Owen, Robert L.; OK...................................  1875

                                          P

            Packwood, Robert W.; OR...............................  1878
            Paddock, Algernon S.; NE..............................  1857
            Page, Carroll S.; VT..................................  1893
            Page, John; NH........................................  1862
            Paine, Elijah; VT.....................................  1894
            Palmer, John M.; IL...................................  1830
            Palmer, Thomas W.; MI.................................  1848
            Palmer, William A.; VT................................  1894
            Parker, Nahum; NH.....................................  1862
            Parker, Richard E.; VA................................  1896
            Parris, Albion K.; ME.................................  1841
            Parrott, John F.; NH..................................  1862
            Partridge, Frank C.; VT...............................  1893
            Pasco, Samuel; FL.....................................  1821
            Pastore, John O.; RI..................................  1881
            Paterson, William; NJ.................................  1864
            Patterson, David T.; TN...............................  1887
            Patterson, James W.; NH...............................  1862
            Patterson, John J.; SC................................  1884
            Patterson, Roscoe C.; MO..............................  1853
            Patterson, Thomas M.; CO..............................  1815
            Patton, John, Jr.; MI.................................  1847
            Paul, Rand; KY........................................  1838
            Payne, Frederick G.; ME...............................  1841
            Payne, Henry B.; OH...................................  1874
            Paynter, Thomas H.; KY................................  1837
            Peace, Roger C.; SC...................................  1883
            Pearce, James A.; MD..................................  1844
            Pearson, James B.; KS.................................  1835
            Pease, Henry R.; MS...................................  1851
            Peffer, William A.; KS................................  1836
            Pell, Claiborne; RI...................................  1882
            Pendleton, George H.; OH..............................  1874
            Pennybacker, Isaac S.; VA.............................  1895
            Penrose, Boies; PA....................................  1880
            Pepper, Claude; FL....................................  1822
            Pepper, George W.; PA.................................  1880
            Percy, Charles H.; IL.................................  1829
            Percy, LeRoy; MS......................................  1852
            Perdue, David; GA.....................................  1823
            Perkins, Bishop W.; KS................................  1835
            Perkins, George C.; CA................................  1814
            Perky, Kirtland I.; ID................................  1828
            Peters, Gary C.; MI...................................  1848
            Pettigrew, Richard F.; SD.............................  1885
            Pettit, John; IN......................................  1832
            Pettus, Edmund W.; AL.................................  1806
            Phelan, James D.; CA..................................  1814
            Phelps, Samuel S.; 
                VT............................................1893, 1894
            Phipps, Lawrence C.; CO...............................  1815
            Pickens, Israel; AL...................................  1806
            Pickering, Timothy; MA................................  1846
            Pierce, Franklin; NH..................................  1862
            Pierce, Gilbert A.; ND................................  1872
            Pike, Austin F.; NH...................................  1861
            Piles, Samuel H.; WA..................................  1897
            Pinckney, Charles; SC.................................  1883
            Pine, William B.; OK..................................  1875
            Pinkney, William; MD..................................  1843
            Pittman, Key; NV......................................  1859
            Platt, Orville H.; CT.................................  1818
            Platt, Thomas C.; 
                NY............................................1867, 1868
            Pleasants, James; VA..................................  1896
            Plumb, Preston B.; KS.................................  1835
            Plumer, William; NH...................................  1862
            Poindexter, George; MS................................  1852
            Poindexter, Miles; WA.................................  1897
            Poland, Luke P.; VT...................................  1894
            Polk, Trusten; MO.....................................  1853
            Pollock, William P.; SC...............................  1883
            Pomerene, Atlee; OH...................................  1873
            Pomeroy, Samuel C.; KS................................  1836
            Pool, John; NC........................................  1870
            Pope, James P.; ID....................................  1828
            Pope, John; KY........................................  1838
            Porter, Alexander; LA.................................  1840
            Porter, Augustus S.; MI...............................  1847
            Portman, Robert; OH...................................  1874
            Posey, Thomas; LA.....................................  1839
            Potter, Charles E.; MI................................  1847
            Potter, Samuel J.; RI.................................  1881
            Potts, Richard; MD....................................  1843
            Powell, Lazarus W.; KY................................  1837
            Power, Thomas C.; MT..................................  1856
            Pratt, Daniel D.; IN..................................  1831
            Pratt, Thomas G.; MD..................................  1843
            Prentiss, Samuel; VT..................................  1894
            Pressler, Larry; SD...................................  1885
            Preston, William C.; SC...............................  1884
            Price, Samuel; WV.....................................  1899
            Prince, Oliver H.; GA.................................  1823
            Pritchard, Jeter C.; NC...............................  1870
            Proctor, Redfield; VT.................................  1893
            Prouty, Winston L.; VT................................  1893
            Proxmire, William; WI.................................  1901

[[Page 663]]

            Pryor, David H.; AR...................................  1811
            Pryor, Luke; AL.......................................  1806
            Pryor, Mark; AR.......................................  1811
            Pugh, George E.; OH...................................  1874
            Pugh, James L.; AL....................................  1806
            Purcell, William E.; ND...............................  1872
            Purtell, William A.; 
                CT............................................1817, 1818
            Pyle, Miss Gladys; SD.................................  1886

                                          Q

            Quarles, Joseph V.; WI................................  1901
            Quay, Matthew S.; PA..................................  1879
            Quayle, Dan; IN.......................................  1832

                                          R

            Radcliffe, George L.; MD..............................  1843
            Ralston, Samuel M.; IN................................  1831
            Ramsey, Alexander; MN.................................  1849
            Randolph, Jennings; WV................................  1900
            Randolph, John; VA....................................  1895
            Randolph, Theodore F.; NJ.............................  1863
            Ransdell, Joseph E.; LA...............................  1839
            Ransom, Matt W.; NC...................................  1869
            Rantoul, Robert; MA...................................  1845
            Rawlins, Joseph L.; UT................................  1892
            Rawson, Charles A.; IA................................  1833
            Rayner, Isidor; MD....................................  1843
            Read, George; DE......................................  1819
            Read, Jacob; SC.......................................  1884
            Reagan, John H.; TX...................................  1889
            Reames, Alfred E.; OR.................................  1878
            Reed, Clyde M.; KS....................................  1836
            Reed, David A.; PA....................................  1879
            Reed, Jack; RI........................................  1882
            Reed, James A.; MO....................................  1853
            Reed, Philip; MD......................................  1844
            Reed, Thomas B.; MS...............................1851, 1852
            Reid, David S.; NC....................................  1869
            Reid, Harry M.; NV....................................  1860
            Revels, Hiram R.; MS..................................  1852
            Revercomb, Chapman; WV............................1899, 1900
            Reynolds, Robert R.; NC...............................  1870
            Reynolds, Sam W.; NE..................................  1857
            Rhett, R. Barnwell; SC................................  1883
            Ribicoff, Abraham A.; CT..............................  1818
            Rice, Benjamin F.; AR.................................  1812
            Rice, Henry M.; MN....................................  1849
            Richardson, Harry A.; DE..............................  1820
            Richardson, William A.; IL............................  1829
            Riddle, George Read; DE...............................  1819
            Riddleberger, Harrison H.; VA.........................  1896
            Ridgely, Henry M.; DE.................................  1820
            Riegle, Donald W., Jr., MI............................  1847
            Risch, James; ID......................................  1827
            Rives, William C.; 
                VA............................................1895, 1896
            Roach, William N.; ND.................................  1871
            Roane, William H.; VA.................................  1896
            Robb, Charles S.; VA..................................  1895
            Robbins, Asher; RI....................................  1881
            Roberts, Jonathan; PA.................................  1879
            Roberts, Pat; KS......................................  1835
            Robertson, A. Willis; VA..............................  1896
            Robertson, Edward V.; WY..............................  1904
            Robertson, Thomas J.; SC..............................  1883
            Robinson, Arthur R.; IN...............................  1831
            Robinson, John M.; IL.................................  1829
            Robinson, Jonathan; VT................................  1893
            Robinson, Joseph T.; AR...............................  1811
            Robinson, Moses; VT...................................  1893
            Robsion, John M.; KY..................................  1837
            Rockefeller, John D., IV; 
                WV..................................................1900
            Rockwell, Julius; MA..................................  1846
            Rodney, Caesar A.; DE.................................  1819
            Rodney, Daniel; DE....................................  1820
            Rollins, Edward H.; NH................................  1861
            Romney, Mitt; UT......................................  1891
            Root, Elihu; NY.......................................  1868
            Rosen, Jacky; NV......................................  1859
            Rosier, Joseph; WV....................................  1900
            Ross, Edmund G.; KS...................................  1835
            Ross, James; PA.......................................  1879
            Ross, Jonathan; VT....................................  1894
            Roth, William V., Jr.; DE.............................  1819
            Rounds, Mike; SD......................................  1885
            Rowan, John; KY.......................................  1838
            Rubio, Marco; FL......................................  1822
            Rudman, Warren; NH....................................  1862
            Ruggles, Benjamin; OH.................................  1873
            Ruggles, John; ME.....................................  1842
            Rusk, Thomas J.; TX...................................  1889
            Russell, Donald; SC...................................  1884
            Russell, Richard B.; GA...............................  1823
            Rutherfurd, John; NJ..................................  1863

                                          S

            Sabin, Dwight M.; MN..................................  1850
            Sackett, Fred M.; KY..................................  1837
            Salazar, Ken; CO......................................  1816
            Salinger, Pierre; CA..................................  1813
            Saltonstall, Leverett; MA.............................  1846
            Sanders, Bernard; VT..................................  1893
            Sanders, Newell; TN...................................  1888
            Sanders, Wilbur F.; MT................................  1855
            Sanford, Nathan; 
                NY............................................1867, 1868
            Sanford, Terry; NC....................................  1870
            Santorum, Rick; PA....................................  1879
            Sarbanes, Paul S., MD.................................  1843

[[Page 664]]

            Sargent, Aaron A.; CA.................................  1814
            Sasse, Ben; NE........................................  1858
            Sasser, James R.; TN..................................  1887
            Saulsbury, Eli; DE....................................  1820
            Saulsbury, Willard, Jr.; DE...........................  1820
            Saulsbury, Willard, Sr.; DE...........................  1820
            Saunders, Alvin; NE...................................  1858
            Sawyer, Frederick A.; SC..............................  1884
            Sawyer, Philetus; WI..................................  1901
            Saxbe, William B.; OH.................................  1874
            Schall, Thomas D.; MI.................................  1850
            Schatz, Brian; HI.....................................  1826
            Schmitt, Harrison H.; NM..............................  1865
            Schoeppel, Andrew F.; KS..............................  1835
            Schumer, Charles E.; NY...............................  1868
            Schureman, James; NJ..................................  1863
            Schurz, Carl; MO......................................  1853
            Schuyler, Karl C.; CO.................................  1816
            Schuyler, Philip; NY..................................  1867
            Schwartz, H.H.; WY....................................  1904
            Schweiker, Richard S.; PA.............................  1880
            Schwellenbach, Lewis B.; 
                WA..................................................1897
            Scott, Hugh; PA.......................................  1879
            Scott, John; PA.......................................  1879
            Scott, Nathan B.; WV..................................  1899
            Scott, Rick; FL.......................................  1821
            Scott, Tim; SC........................................  1884
            Scott, W. Kerr; NC....................................  1869
            Scott, William L.; VA.................................  1896
            Scrugham, James G.; NV................................  1859
            Seaton, Fred A.; NE...................................  1858
            Sebastian, William K.; AR.............................  1811
            Sedgwick, Theodore; MA................................  1846
            Semple, James; IL.....................................  1829
            Sessions, Jeff; AL....................................  1805
            Sevier, Ambrose H.; AR................................  1812
            Seward, William H.; NY................................  1868
            Sewell, William J.; 
                NJ............................................1863, 1864
            Seymour, Horatio; VT..................................  1893
            Seymour, John; CA.....................................  1813
            Shafroth, John F.; CO.................................  1815
            Shaheen, Jeanne; NH...................................  1861
            Sharon, William; NV...................................  1859
            Sheafe, James; NH.....................................  1862
            Sheffield, William P.; RI.............................  1882
            Shelby, Richard C.; AL................................  1806
            Shepley, Ether; ME....................................  1841
            Sheppard, Morris; TX..................................  1890
            Sherman, John; OH.................................1873, 1874
            Sherman, Lawrence Y.; IL..............................  1830
            Sherman, Roger; CT....................................  1818
            Shields, James; IL....................................  1830
              
                                    MN............................
                                                                    1850
              
                                    MO............................
                                                                    1854
            Shields, John K.; TN..................................  1888
            Shipstead, Henrik; MN.................................  1849
            Shively, Benjamin F.; IN..............................  1832
            Shortridge, Samuel M.; CA.............................  1814
            Shott, Hugh Ike; WV...................................  1900
            Shoup, George Laird; ID...............................  1827
            Silsbee, Nathaniel; MA................................  1846
            Simmons, Furnifold M.; NC.............................  1869
            Simmons, James F.; RI.............................1881, 1882
            Simon, Joseph; OR.....................................  1878
            Simon, Paul; IL.......................................  1829
            Simpson, Alan K.; WY..................................  1904
            Simpson, Milward L.; WY...............................  1904
            Sinema, Krysten; AZ...................................  1809
            Slater, James H.; OR..................................  1878
            Slattery, James M.; IL................................  1829
            Slidell, John; LA.....................................  1840
            Smathers, George A.; FL...............................  1822
            Smathers, William H.; NJ..............................  1864
            Smith, Benjamin A., II; MA............................  1845
            Smith, Bob; NH........................................  1861
            Smith, Daniel; TN.................................1887, 1888
            Smith, Delazon; OR....................................  1877
            Smith, Ellison D.; SC.................................  1884
            Smith, Frank L.; IL...................................  1830
            Smith, Gordon H.; OR..................................  1877
            Smith, H. Alexander; NJ...............................  1863
            Smith, Hoke; GA.......................................  1824
            Smith, Israel; VT.....................................  1893
            Smith, James, Jr.; NJ.................................  1863
            Smith, John; NY.......................................  1868
            Smith, John; OH.......................................  1873
            Smith, John W.; MD....................................  1844
            Smith, Marcus A.; AZ..................................  1810
            Smith, Margaret Chase; ME.............................  1842
            Smith, Nathan; CT.....................................  1817
            Smith, Oliver H.; IN..................................  1832
            Smith, Perry; CT......................................  1818
            Smith, Ralph Tyler; IL................................  1830
            Smith, Samuel; MD.....................................  1843
            Smith, Tina; MN.......................................  1850
            Smith, Truman; CT.....................................  1818
            Smith, William; SC................................1883, 1884
            Smith, William A.; MI.................................  1848
            Smith, Willis; NC.....................................  1869
            Smoot, Reed; UT.......................................  1892
            Snowe, Olympia J.; ME.................................  1841
            Soule, Pierre; LA.................................1839, 1840
            Southard, Samuel L.; NJ...............................  1863
            Sparkman, John; AL....................................  1805
            Specter, Arlen; PA....................................  1880
            Speight, Jesse; MS....................................  1851
            Spence, John S.; MD...................................  1844
            Spencer, George E.; AL................................  1806
            Spencer, Lloyd; AR....................................  1811
            Spencer, Selden P.; MO................................  1854
            Spong, William B., Jr.; VA............................  1896

[[Page 665]]

            Spooner, John C.; WI..................................  1902
            Sprague, Peleg; ME....................................  1842
            Sprague, William; RI..................................  1881
            Sprague, William; RI \1\..............................  1881
                \1\ Nephew of the preceding.
            Spruance, Presley; DE.................................  1820
            Squire, Watson C.; WA.................................  1898
            Stabenow, Debbie; MI..................................  1847
            Stafford, Robert T.; VT...............................  1893
            Stanfield, Robert N.; OR..............................  1878
            Stanfill, William A.; KY..............................  1837
            Stanford, Leland; CA..................................  1814
            Stanley, A. Owsley; KY................................  1837
            Stanton, Joseph, Jr.; RI..............................  1882
            Stark, Benjamin; OR...................................  1877
            Stearns, Ozora P.; MN.................................  1850
            Steck, Daniel F.; IA..................................  1833
            Steiwer, Frederick; OR................................  1878
            Stennis, John C.; MS..................................  1851
            Stephens, Hubert D.; MS...............................  1851
            Stephenson, Isaac; WI.................................  1902
            Sterling, Thomas; SD..................................  1885
            Stevens, Ted; AK......................................  1807
            Stevenson, Adlai E., III; IL..........................  1830
            Stevenson, John W.; KY................................  1837
            Stewart, David; MD....................................  1843
            Stewart, David W.; IA.................................  1834
            Stewart, Donald W.; AL................................  1806
            Stewart, John W.; VT..................................  1893
            Stewart, Tom; TN......................................  1888
            Stewart, William M.; NV...............................  1859
            Stockbridge, Francis B.; MI...........................  1847
            Stockton, John P.; 
                NJ............................................1863, 1864
            Stockton, Richard; NJ.................................  1864
            Stockton, Robert F.; NJ...............................  1863
            Stokes, Montfort; NC..................................  1869
            Stone, David; NC......................................  1870
            Stone, Richard (Dick); FL.............................  1822
            Stone, William J.; MO.................................  1854
            Storer, Clement; NH...................................  1862
            Storke, Thomas M.; CA.................................  1814
            Strange, Luther; AL...................................  1805
            Strange, Robert; NC...................................  1870
            Strong, Caleb; MA.....................................  1846
            Stuart, Charles E.; MI................................  1848
            Sturgeon, Daniel; PA..................................  1879
            Sullivan, Dan; AK.....................................  1807
            Sullivan, Patrick J.; WY..............................  1904
            Sullivan, William V.; MS..............................  1852
            Sumner, Charles; MA...................................  1845
            Sumter, Thomas; SC....................................  1883
            Sununu, John E.; NH...................................  1861
            Sutherland, George; UT................................  1891
            Sutherland, Howard; WV................................  1899
            Swanson, Claude A.; VA................................  1895
            Swift, Benjamin; VT...................................  1893
            Swift, George R.; AL..................................  1805
            Symington, Stuart; MO.................................  1853
            Symms, Steven D.; ID..................................  1828

                                          T

            Tabor, Horace A.W.; CO................................  1815
            Taft, Kingsley A.; OH.................................  1873
            Taft, Robert A.; OH...................................  1874
            Taft, Robert, Jr.; OH.................................  1873
            Taggart, Thomas; IN...................................  1832
            Tait, Charles; GA.....................................  1824
            Talbot, Isham; KY.....................................  1838
            Talent, Jim; MO.......................................  1853
            Taliaferro, James P.; FL..............................  1821
            Tallmadge, Nathaniel P.; NY...........................  1867
            Talmadge, Herman E.; GA...............................  1824
            Tappan, Benjamin; OH..................................  1873
            Tatnal, Josiah; GA....................................  1823
            Taylor, Glen H.; ID...................................  1828
            Taylor, John; SC......................................  1883
            Taylor, John; VA..................................1895, 1896
            Taylor, Robert L.; TN.................................  1888
            Taylor, Waller; IN....................................  1832
            Tazewell, Henry; VA...................................  1896
            Tazewell, Littleton W.; VA............................  1896
            Teller, Henry M.; CO..............................1815, 1816
            Ten Eyck, John C.; NJ.................................  1864
            Terrell, Joseph M.; GA................................  1824
            Tester, Jon; MT.......................................  1855
            Thayer, John M.; NE...................................  1858
            Thomas, Charles S.; CO................................  1816
            Thomas, Craig; WY.....................................  1903
            Thomas, Elbert D.; UT.................................  1892
            Thomas, Elmer; OK.....................................  1876
            Thomas, Jesse B.; IL..................................  1829
            Thomas, John; ID..................................1827, 1828
            Thompson, Fountain L.; ND.............................  1872
            Thompson, Fred; TN....................................  1888
            Thompson, John B.; KY.................................  1837
            Thompson, Thomas W.; NH...............................  1861
            Thompson, William H.; KS..............................  1835
            Thompson, William H.; NE..............................  1857
            Thomson, John R.; NJ..................................  1863
            Thornton, John R.; LA.................................  1840
            Thruston, Buckner; KY.................................  1837
            Thune, John; SD.......................................  1886
            Thurman, Allen G.; OH.................................  1873
            Thurmond, Strom; SC...................................  1883
            Thurston, John M.; NE.................................  1858
            Thye, Edward J.; MN...................................  1849
            Tichenor, Isaac; VT...................................  1893
            Tiffin, Edward; OH....................................  1874
            Tillis, Thom; NC......................................  1869
            Tillman, Benjamin R.; SC..............................  1883
            Tipton, John; IN......................................  1831
            Tipton, Thomas W.; NE.................................  1857

[[Page 666]]

            Tobey, Charles W.; NH.................................  1862
            Tomlinson, Gideon; CT.................................  1818
            Toombs, Robert; GA....................................  1823
            Toomey, Patrick J.; PA................................  1880
            Torricelli, Robert G.; NJ.............................  1864
            Toucey, Isaac; CT.....................................  1817
            Tower, John G.; TX....................................  1890
            Towne, Charles A.; MN.................................  1849
            Townsend, Charles E.; MI..............................  1847
            Townsend, John G., Jr.; DE............................  1819
            Tracy, Uriah; CT......................................  1818
            Trammell, Park; FL....................................  1821
            Trible, Paul S., Jr.; VA..............................  1895
            Trimble, William A.; OH...............................  1874
            Trotter, James F.; MS.................................  1851
            Troup, George M.; GA..................................  1823
            Truman, Harry S.; MO..................................  1853
            Trumbull, Jonathan, CT................................  1818
            Trumbull, Lyman; IL...................................  1830
            Tsongas, Paul; MA.....................................  1846
            Tunnell, James M.; DE.................................  1819
            Tunney, John V.; CA...................................  1813
            Turley, Thomas B.; TN.................................  1888
            Turner, George; WA....................................  1898
            Turner, James; NC.....................................  1869
            Turney, Hopkins L.; TN................................  1887
            Turpie, David; IN.....................................  1831
            Tydings, Joseph D.; MD................................  1843
            Tydings, Millard E.; MD...............................  1844
            Tyler, John; VA.......................................  1895
            Tyson, Lawrence D.; TN................................  1888

                                          U

            Udall, Mark; CO.......................................  1815
            Udall, Tom; NM........................................  1866
            Umstead, William B.; NC...............................  1869
            Underwood, Joseph R.; KY..............................  1837
            Underwood, Oscar W.; AL...............................  1806
            Underwood, Thomas R.; KY..............................  1837
            Upham, William; VT....................................  1894
            Upton, Robert W.; NH..................................  1862

                                          V

            Van Buren, Martin; NY.................................  1867
            Van Hollen, Chris; MD.................................  1844
            Vance, Zebulon B.; NC.................................  1870
            Vandenberg, Arthur H.; MI.............................  1847
            Van Dyke, Nicholas; DE................................  1820
            Van Nuys, Frederick; IN...............................  1832
            Van Winkle, Peter G.; WV..............................  1899
            Van Wyck, Charles H.; NE..............................  1857
            Vardaman, James K.; MS................................  1852
            Vare, William S.; PA \1\..............................  1880
                \1\ Elected, but was not seated.
            Varnum, Joseph B.; MA.................................  1846
            Venable, Abraham B.; VA...............................  1895
            Vest, George G.; MO...................................  1854
            Vickers, George; MD...................................  1844
            Vilas, William F.; WI.................................  1902
            Vining, John; DE......................................  1820
            Vitter, David; LA.....................................  1840
            Voinovich, George V.; OH..............................  1874
            Voorhees, Daniel W.; IN...............................  1832

                                          W

            Wade, Benjamin F.; OH.................................  1873
            Wadleigh, Bainbridge; NH..............................  1862
            Wadsworth, James W., Jr.; NY..........................  1868
            Waggaman, George A.; LA...............................  1839
            Wagner, Robert F.; NY.................................  1868
            Walcott, Frederic C.; CT..............................  1817
            Wales, John; DE.......................................  1819
            Walker, Freeman; GA...................................  1823
            Walker, George; KY....................................  1837
            Walker, Isaac P.; WI..................................  1902
            Walker, James D.; AR..................................  1812
            Walker, John; VA......................................  1895
            Walker, John W.; AL...................................  1806
            Walker, Robert J.; MS.................................  1852
            Walker, Walter; CO....................................  1816
            Wall, Garret D.; NJ...................................  1864
            Wall, James W.; NJ....................................  1863
            Wallace, William A.; PA...............................  1879
            Wallgren, Mon C.; WA..................................  1897
            Wallop, Malcolm; WY...................................  1903
            Walsh, Arthur; NJ.....................................  1863
            Walsh, David I.; 
                MA............................................1845, 1846
            Walsh, John E.; MT....................................  1856
            Walsh, Patrick; GA....................................  1823
            Walsh, Thomas J.; MT..................................  1856
            Walters, Herbert S.; TN...............................  1888
            Walthall, Edward C.; MS...............................  1852
            Walton, George; GA....................................  1823
            Ward, Matthias; TX....................................  1889
            Ware, Nicholas; GA....................................  1823
            Warner, Mark; VA......................................  1896
            Warner, John W.; VA...................................  1896
            Warner, Willard; AL...................................  1805
            Warner, William; MO...................................  1853
            Warren, Elizabeth; MA...................................1845
            Warren, Francis E.; 
                WY............................................1903, 1904
            Washburn, William B.; MA..............................  1845
            Washburn, William D.; MN..............................  1850
            Waterman, Charles W.; CO..............................  1816
            Watkins, Arthur V.; UT................................  1891
            Watson, Clarence W.; WV...............................  1900
            Watson, James; NY.....................................  1867
            Watson, James E.; IN..................................  1832

[[Page 667]]

            Watson, Thomas E.; GA.................................  1824
            Webb, Jim; VA.........................................  1895
            Webb, William R.; TN..................................  1888
            Webster, Daniel; MA...................................  1845
            Weeks, John W.; MA....................................  1846
            Weeks, Sinclair; MA...................................  1846
            Weicker, Lowell P., Jr.; CT...........................  1817
            Welch, Adonijah S.; FL................................  1821
            Welker, Herman; ID....................................  1828
            Weller, John B.; CA...................................  1813
            Weller, Ovington E.; MD...............................  1844
            Wellington, George L.; MD.............................  1844
            Wells, John S.; NH....................................  1862
            Wells, William H.; DE.................................  1820
            Wellstone, Paul J.; MN................................  1850
            West, J. Rodman; LA...................................  1839
            West, William S.; GA..................................  1823
            Westcott, James D., Jr.; FL...........................  1822
            Wetmore, George P.; RI................................  1882
            Wharton, Jesse; TN....................................  1888
            Wheeler, Burton K.; MT................................  1855
            Wherry, Kenneth S.; NE................................  1858
            Whitcomb, James; IN...................................  1832
            White, Albert S.; IN..................................  1831
            White, Edward D.; LA..................................  1840
            White, Francis S.; AL.................................  1806
            White, Hugh L.; TN....................................  1888
            White, Samuel; DE.....................................  1819
            White, Stephen M.; CA.................................  1813
            White, Wallace H., Jr.; ME............................  1842
            Whiteside, Jenkin; TN.................................  1888
            Whitthorne, Washington C.; TN.........................  1887
            Whitehouse, Sheldon; RI...............................  1881
            Whyte, William P.; 
                MD............................................1843, 1844
            Wicker, Roger F.; MS..................................  1851
            Wigfall, Louis T.; TX.................................  1889
            Wilcox, Leonard; NH...................................  1862
            Wiley, Alexander; WI..................................  1902
            Wilfley, Xenophon P.; MO..............................  1854
            Wilkins, William; PA..................................  1880
            Wilkinson, Morton S.; MN..............................  1850
            Willey, Calvin; CT....................................  1818
            Willey, Waitman T.; VA................................  1895
              
                                    WV............................
                                                                    1900
            Williams, Abram P.; CA................................  1813
            Williams, George H.; MO...............................  1854
            Williams, George H.; OR...............................  1877
            Williams, Harrison A., Jr.; NJ........................  1863
            Williams, Jared W.; NH................................  1861
            Williams, John; TN....................................  1888
            Williams, John J.; DE.................................  1819
            Williams, John S.; KY.................................  1838
            Williams, John S.; MS.................................  1851
            Williams, Reuel; ME...................................  1841
            Williams, Thomas Hickman; MS..........................  1851
            Williams, Thomas Hill; MS.............................  1852
            Williamson, Ben M.; KY................................  1837
            Willis, Frank B.; OH..................................  1874
            Willis, Raymond E.; IN................................  1831
            Wilmot, David; PA.....................................  1879
            Wilson, Ephraim K.; MD................................  1844
            Wilson, George A.; IA.................................  1833
            Wilson, Henry; MA.....................................  1846
            Wilson, James F.; IA..................................  1833
            Wilson, James J.; NJ..................................  1863
            Wilson, John L.; WA...................................  1897
            Wilson, Pete; CA......................................  1813
            Wilson, Robert; MO....................................  1854
            Windom, William; MN...................................  1850
            Wingate, Paine; NH....................................  1861
            Winthrop, Robert C.; MA...............................  1845
            Wirth, Timothy E.; CO.................................  1816
            Withers, Garrett L.; KY...............................  1838
            Withers, Robert E.; VA................................  1895
            Wofford, Harris; PA...................................  1879
            Wofford, Thomas A.; SC................................  1883
            Wolcott, Edward O.; CO................................  1815
            Wolcott, Josiah O.; DE................................  1819
            Woodbridge, William; MI...............................  1848
            Woodbury, Levi; NH................................1861, 1862
            Works, John D.; CA....................................  1813
            Worthington, Thomas; OH...........................1873, 1874
            Wright, George G.; IA.................................  1833
            Wright, Joseph A.; IN.................................  1831
            Wright, Robert; MD....................................  1844
            Wright, Silas, Jr.; NY................................  1868
            Wright, William; NJ...............................1863, 1864
            Wyden, Ron; OR........................................  1878
            Wyman, Louis C.; NH...................................  1862

                                          Y

            Yarborough, Ralph; TX.................................  1889
            Yates, Richard; IL....................................  1829
            Young, Lafayette; IA..................................  1833
            Young, Milton R.; ND..................................  1872
            Young, Richard M.; IL.................................  1830
            Young, Stephen M.; OH.................................  1873
            Young, Todd; IN.......................................  1832
            Yulee, David L.; FL...............................1821, 1822

                                          Z

            Zorinsky, Edward; NE..................................  1857






[[Page 669]]
                                       [1906]
 
                  ELECTORAL VOTES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT

            1906

                                                         ELECTION FOR THE FIRST TERM, 1789-1793
                                                George Washington, President; John Adams, Vice President
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name of candidate                     Conn.     Del.     Ga.      Md.     Mass.     N.H.     N.J.     Pa.      S.C.     Va.     Total
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
George Washington, Esq...............................        7        3        5        6       10        5        6       10        7       10       69
John Adams, Esq......................................        5  .......  .......  .......       10        5        1        8  .......        5       34
Samuel Huntington, Esq...............................        2  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        2
John Jay, Esq........................................  .......        3  .......  .......  .......  .......        5  .......  .......        1        9
John Hancock, Esq....................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        2        1        1        4
Robert H. Harrison, Esq..............................  .......  .......  .......        6  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        6
George Clinton, Esq..................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        3        3
John Rutledge, Esq...................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        6  .......        6
John Milton, Esq.....................................  .......  .......        2  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        2
James Armstrong, Esq.................................  .......  .......        1  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        1
Edward Telfair, Esq..................................  .......  .......        1  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        1
Benjamin Lincoln, Esq................................  .......  .......        1  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        1
      Total electoral vote...........................        7        3        5        6       10        5        6       10        7       10       69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

[1907]

            [1907]
                                                                  [1907]

            1907

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE SECOND TERM, 1793-1797
                                                                    George Washington, President; John Adams, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Name of candidate                  Conn.     Del.     Ga.      Ky.      Md.     Mass.     N.H.     N.J.     N.Y.     N.C.     Pa.      R.I.     S.C.     Vt.      Va.     Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
George Washington, of Virginia..................        9        3        4        4        8       16        6        7       12       12       15        4        8        3       21      132
John Adams, of Massachusetts....................        9        3  .......  .......        8       16        6        7  .......  .......       14        4        7        3  .......       77
George Clinton, of New York.....................  .......  .......        4  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......       12       12        1  .......  .......  .......       21       50
Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia...................  .......  .......  .......        4  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        4
Aaron Burr, of New York.........................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......        1  .......  .......        1
      Total electoral vote......................        9        3        4        4        8       16        6        7       12       12       15        4        8        3       21      132
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1908]
                                                                  [1908]

[[Page 670]]

            1908

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE THIRD TERM, 1797-1801
                                                                     John Adams, President; Thomas Jefferson, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Name of candidate                          Conn.     Del.    Ga.    Ky.    Md.    Mass.    N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.    Vt.    Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
John Adams, of Massachusetts...................................        9        3  .....  .....      7       16      6      7     12      1      1      4  .....  .......      4      1       71
Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia..................................  .......  .......      4      4      4  .......  .....  .....  .....     11     14  .....      8        3  .....     20       68
Thomas Pinckney, of South Carolina.............................        4        3  .....  .....      4       13  .....      7     12      1      2  .....      8  .......      4      1       59
Aaron Burr, of New York........................................  .......  .......  .....      4      3  .......  .....  .....  .....      6     13  .....  .....        3  .....      1       30
Samuel Adams, of Massachusetts.................................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....     15       15
O. Ellsworth, of Connecticut...................................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....        1      6  .....  .....  .....  .....      4  .....  .......  .....  .....       11
John Jay, of New York..........................................        5  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        5
George Clinton, of New York....................................  .......  .......      4  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....      3        7
S. Johnston, of North Carolina.................................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....        2  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        2
James Iredell, of North Carolina...............................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....      3  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        3
George Washington, of Virginia.................................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....      1  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....      1        2
C. C. Pinckney, of South Carolina..............................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....      1  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        1
John Henry, of Maryland........................................  .......  .......  .....  .....      2  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        2
      Total electoral vote.....................................        9        3      4      4     10       16      6      7     12     12     15      4      8        3      4     21      138
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            [1909]
                                                                  [1909]

            1909

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE FOURTH TERM, 1801-1805
                                                                     Thomas Jefferson, President; Aaron Burr, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Name of candidate                          Conn.     Del.    Ga.    Ky.    Md.    Mass.    N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.    Vt.    Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia..................................  .......  .......      4      4      5  .......  .....  .....     12      8      8  .....      8        3  .....     21      *73
Aaron Burr, of New York........................................  .......  .......      4      4      5  .......  .....  .....     12      8      8  .....      8        3  .....     21      *73
John Adams, of Massachusetts...................................        9        3  .....  .....      5       16      6      7  .....      4      7      4  .....  .......      4  .....       65
Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina.........................        9        3  .....  .....      5       16      6      7  .....      4      7      3  .....  .......      4  .....       64
John Jay, of New York..........................................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      1  .....  .......  .....  .....        1
      Total electoral vote.....................................        9        3      4      4     10       16      6      7     12     12     15      4      8        3      4     21      138
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*There being no choice for President by the people, the election devolved upon the House of Representatives, and February 17, 1801, Thomas Jefferson was chosen by the votes of ten States, to
  four for Aaron Burr, and two blank.

            [1910]
                                                                  [1910]

[[Page 671]]

            1910

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE FIFTH TERM, 1805-1809
                                                                   Thomas Jefferson, President; George Clinton, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Name of candidate                     Conn.     Del.    Ga.    Ky.    Md.    Mass.    N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.    Ohio    Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.    Vt.    Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia.....................  .......  .......      6      8      9       19      7      8     19     14        3     20      4     10        5      6     24      162
    Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina............        9        3  .....  .....      2  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....       14
                                                       =========================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    George Clinton, of New York.......................  .......  .......      6      8      9       19      7      8     19     14        3     20      4     10        5      6     24      162
    Rufus King, of New York...........................        9        3  .....  .....      2  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....       14
                                                       =========================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote............................        9        3      6      8     11       19      7      8     19     14        3     20      4     10        5      6     24      176
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            [1911]
                                                                  [1911]

            1911

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE SIXTH TERM, 1809-1813
                                                                    James Madison, President; George Clinton, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Name of candidate                     Conn.     Del.    Ga.    Ky.    Md.    Mass.    N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.    Ohio    Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.    Vt.    Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Madison, of Virginia........................  .......  .......      6      7      9  .......  .....      8     13     11        3     20  .....     10        5      6     24      122
    George Clinton, of New York.......................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....      6  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        6
    Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina............        9        3  .....  .....      2       19      7  .....  .....      3  .......  .....      4  .....  .......  .....  .....       47
                                                       =========================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    George Clinton, of New York.......................  .......  .......      6      7      9  .......  .....      8     13     11  .......     20  .....     10        5  .....     24      113
    James Madison, of Virginia........................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....      3  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        3
    James Monroe, of Virginia.........................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....      3  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        3
    John Langdon, of New Hampshire....................  .......  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .....        3  .....  .....  .....  .......      6  .....        9
    Rufus King, of New York...........................        9        3  .....  .....      2       19      7  .....  .....      3  .......  .....      4  .....  .......  .....  .....       47
                                                       =========================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote............................        9        3      6      7     11       19      7      8     19     14        3     20      4     10        5      6     24      175
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1912]
                                                                  [1912]

[[Page 672]]

            1912

                                                                            ELECTION FOR THE SEVENTH TERM, 1813-1817
                                                                    James Madison, President; Elbridge Gerry, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Name of candidate              Conn.   Del.     Ga.     Ky.     La.     Md.    Mass.   N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio     Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Vt.     Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Madison, of Virginia..........  ......  ......       8      12       3       6  ......  ......  ......  ......      15       7      25  ......      11       8       8      25     128
    De Witt Clinton, of New York........       9       4  ......  ......  ......       5      22       8       8      29  ......  ......  ......       4  ......  ......  ......  ......      89
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Elbridge Gerry, of Massachusetts....  ......  ......       8      12       3       6       2       1  ......  ......      15       7      25  ......      11       8       8      25     131
    Jared Ingersoll, of Pennsylvania....       9       4  ......  ......  ......       5      20       7       8      29  ......  ......  ......       4  ......  ......  ......  ......      86
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............       9       4       8      12       3      11      22       8       8      29      15       7      25       4      11       8       8      25     217
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            [1913]
                                                                  [1913]

            1913

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE EIGHTH TERM, 1817-1821
                                                                   James Monroe, President; Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Name of candidate          Conn.   Del.     Ga.    Ind.     Ky.     La.     Md.    Mass.   N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio     Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Vt.     Va.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Monroe, of Virginia...  ......  ......       8       3      12       3       8  ......       8       8      29      15       8      25       4      11       8       8      25     183
    Rufus King, of New York.....       9       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      22  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      34
                                 ===============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Daniel D. Tompkins, of New    ......  ......       8       3      12       3       8  ......       8       8      29      15       8      25       4      11       8       8      25     183
     York.......................
    John E. Howard, of Maryland.  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      22  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      22
    James Ross, of Pennsylvania.       5  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       5
    John Marshall, of Virginia..       4  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       4
    Robert G. Harper, of          ......       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       3
     Maryland...................
                                 ===============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......       9       3       8       3      12       3       8      22       8       8      29      15       8      25       4      11       8       8      25     217
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1914]
                                                                  [1914]

[[Page 673]]

            1914

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE NINTH TERM, 1821-1825
                                                                   James Monroe, President; Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Name of candidate               Ala.  Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.  Maine  Md.  Mass.  Miss.  Mo.  N.H.  N.J.  N.Y.  N.C.  Ohio  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  Tenn.  Vt.  Va.  Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Monroe, of Virginia...............     3     9      4    8     3     3   12    3     9    11    15      2     3     7     8    29    15     8   24     4    11     7     8   25   231
    John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts.....  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...     1  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     1
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York.........     3     9   ....    8     3     3   12    3     9    10     7      2     3     7     8    29    15     8   24     4    11     7     8   25   218
    Richard Stockton, of New Jersey.........  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...     8   .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     8
    Robert G. Harper, of Maryland...........  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....    1  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     1
    Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania...........  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...     1  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     1
    Daniel Rodney, of Delaware..............  ....  .....     4  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     4
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................     3     9      4    8     3     3   12    3     9    11    15      3     3     8     8    29    15     8   25     4    11     8     8   25  *235
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The whole number of electors appointed was 235, but one elector from each of the States of Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Mississippi, having died, the number of votes actually cast was 232.

            [1915]
                                                                  [1915]

            1915

                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE TENTH TERM, 1825-1829
                                                                  John Quincy Adams, President; John C. Calhoun, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Name of candidate               Ala.  Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.  Maine  Md.  Mass.  Miss.  Mo.  N.H.  N.J.  N.Y.  N.C.  Ohio  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  Tenn.  Vt.  Va.  Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee............     5  .....  ....  ...     2     5  ...    3  .....    7  .....     3   ...  ....     8     1    15  ....   28  ....    11    11   ...  ...   *99
    John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts.....  ....     8      1  ...     1  ....  ...    2     9     3    15   .....  ...     8  ....    26  ....  ....  ...     4  ....  .....    7  ...   *84
    William H. Crawford, of Georgia.........  ....  .....     2    9  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....    1  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....     5  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...   24    41
    Henry Clay, of Kentucky.................  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....   14  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....    3  ....  ....     4  ....    16  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...    37
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina......     5  .....     1  ...     3     5    7    5     9    10    15      3   ...     7     8    29    15  ....   28     3    11    11     7  ...   182
    Nathan Sanford, of New York.............  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....    7  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....     7  ....    16  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...    30
    Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina......  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...   24    24
    Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee............  ....     8   ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....    1  .....  .....    3     1  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...    13
    Martin Van Buren, of New York...........  ....  .....  ....    9  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     9
    Henry Clay, of Kentucky.................  ....  .....     2  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     2
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................     5     8      3    9     3     5   14    5     9    11    15      3     3     8     8    36    15    16   28     4    11    11     7   24   261
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*No choice for President having been made by the people, the election devolved upon the House of Representatives, and John Quincy Adams was elected, receiving the votes of thirteen States to
  seven for Andrew Jackson and four for William H. Crawford.

            [1916]
                                                                  [1916]

[[Page 674]]

            1916

                                                                            ELECTION FOR THE ELEVENTH TERM, 1829-1833
                                                                   Andrew Jackson, President; John C. Calhoun, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Name of candidate               Ala.  Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.  Maine  Md.  Mass.  Miss.  Mo.  N.H.  N.J.  N.Y.  N.C.  Ohio  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  Tenn.  Vt.  Va.  Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee............     5  .....  ....    9     3     5   14    5     1     5  .....     3     3  ....  ....    20    15    16   28  ....    11    11   ...   24   178
    John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts.....  ....     8      3  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...     8     6    15   .....  ...     8     8    16  ....  ....  ...     4  ....  .....    7  ...    83
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina......     5  .....  ....    2     3     5   14    5     1     5  .....     3     3  ....  ....    20    15    16   28  ....    11    11   ...   24   171
    Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania...........  ....     8      3  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...     8     6    15   .....  ...     8     8    16  ....  ....  ...     4  ....  .....    7  ...    83
    William Smith, of South Carolina........  ....  .....  ....    7  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...     7
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................     5     8      3    9     3     5   14    5     9    11    15      3     3     8     8    36    15    16   28     4    11    11     7   24   261
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            [1917]
                                                                  [1917]

            1917

                                                                            ELECTION FOR THE TWELFTH TERM, 1833-1837
                                                                   Andrew Jackson, President; Martin Van Buren, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Name of candidate               Ala.  Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.  Maine  Md.  Mass.  Miss.  Mo.  N.H.  N.J.  N.Y.  N.C.  Ohio  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  Tenn.  Vt.  Va.  Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee............     7  .....  ....   11     5     9  ...    5    10     3  .....     4     4     7     8    42    15    21   30  ....  ....    15   ...   23   219
    Henry Clay, of Kentucky.................  ....     8      3  ...  ....  ....   15  ...  .....    5    14   .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...     4  ....  .....  ...  ...    49
    John Floyd, of Virginia.................  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....    11  .....  ...  ...    11
    William Wirt, of Maryland...............  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....    7  ...     7
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Martin Van Buren, of New York...........     7  .....  ....   11     5     9  ...    5    10     3  .....     4     4     7     8    42    15    21  ...  ....  ....    15   ...   23   189
    John Sergeant, of Pennsylvania..........  ....     8      3  ...  ....  ....   15  ...  .....    5    14   .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...     4  ....  .....  ...  ...    49
    William Wilkins, of Pennsylvania........  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....   30  ....  ....  .....  ...  ...    30
    Henry Lee, of Massachusetts.............  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....    11  .....  ...  ...    11
    Amos Ellmaker, of Pennsylvania..........  ....  .....  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  .....  ...  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ....  ....  ....  ...  ....  ....  .....    7  ...     7
                                             ===================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................     7     8      3   11     5     9   15    5    10    *8    14      4     4     7     8    42    15    21   30     4    11    15     7   23   286
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Two votes were not given in Maryland.

            [1918]
                                                                  [1918]

[[Page 675]]

            1918

                                                                                               ELECTION FOR THE THIRTEENTH TERM, 1837-1841
                                                                                     Martin Van Buren, President; Richard M. Johnson, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Name of candidate                  Ala.   Ark.   Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Miss.  Mo.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Ohio   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.   Vt.    Va.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Martin Van Buren, of New York..............      7      3       8  ....  ...     5  ....  ...    5      10  .....  ......       3       4    4      7  .....     42     15  .....     30      4  .....  ......  .....     23     170
    William H. Harrison, of Ohio...............  .....  .....  ......     3  ...  ....     9   15  ...  ......     10  ......  ......  ......  ...  .....      8  .....  .....     21  .....  .....  .....  ......      7  .....      73
    Hugh L. White, of Tennessee................  .....  .....  ......  ....   11  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  .....  ......  ......  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      15  .....  .....      26
    Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts...........  .....  .....  ......  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  .....      14  ......  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....      14
    Willie P. Mangum, of North Carolina........  .....  .....  ......  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  .....  ......  ......  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     11  ......  .....  .....      11
                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky............      7      3       8  ....  ...     5  ....  ...    5      10  .....  ......       3       4    4      7  .....     42     15  .....     30      4  .....  ......  .....  .....    *147
    Francis Granger, of New York...............  .....  .....  ......     3  ...  ....     9   15  ...  ......  .....      14  ......  ......  ...  .....      8  .....  .....     21  .....  .....  .....  ......      7  .....     *77
    John Tyler, of Virginia....................  .....  .....  ......  ....   11  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......     10  ......  ......  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     11      15  .....  .....      47
    William Smith, of Alabama..................  .....  .....  ......  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  .....  ......  ......  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....     23      23
                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................      7      3       8     3   11     5     9   15    5      10     10      14       3       4    4      7      8     42     15     21     30      4     11      15      7     23     294
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*There being no choice for Vice President by the people, the election devolved upon the Senate of the United States. Richard M. Johnson received 33 votes and Francis Granger 16 votes. Richard M. Johnson was thereupon declared
  elected Vice President.

            [1919]
                                                                  [1919]

[[Page 676]]

            1919

                                                                                               ELECTION FOR THE FOURTEENTH TERM, 1841-1845
                                                                                     William Henry Harrison,* President; John Tyler, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Name of candidate                     Ala.  Ark.   Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.   Maine  Md.  Mass.  Mich.  Miss.  Mo.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Ohio   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.  Vt.   Va.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William H. Harrison, of Ohio........................  ....  ....       8     3   11  ....     9   15    5      10   10     14      3      4  ...  .....      8     42     15     21     30      4  .....      15    7  .....     234
    Martin Van Buren, of New York.......................     7     3  ......  ....  ...     5  ....  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....    4      7  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     11  ......  ...     23      60
                                                         ===============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John Tyler, of Virginia.............................  ....  ....       8     3   11  ....     9   15    5      10   10     14      3      4  ...  .....      8     42     15     21     30      4  .....      15    7  .....     234
    R. M. Johnson, of Kentucky..........................     7     3  ......  ....  ...     5  ....  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....    4      7  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ......  ...     22      48
    L. W. Tazewell, of Virginia.........................  ....  ....  ......  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     11  ......  ...  .....      11
    James K. Polk, of Tennessee.........................  ....  ....  ......  ....  ...  ....  ....  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ......  ...      1       1
                                                         ===============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............................     7     3       8     3   11     5     9   15    5      10   10     14      3      4    4      7      8     42     15     21     30      4     11      15    7     23     294
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*William Henry Harrison, ninth President of the United States, died at Washington, April 4, 1841. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon John Tyler, Vice President, he accordingly took the oath of
  office April 6, 1841.
 

            [1920]
                                                                  [1920]

            1920

                                                                                               ELECTION FOR THE FIFTEENTH TERM, 1845-1849
                                                                                       James K. Polk, President; George M. Dallas, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Name of candidate                   Ala.   Ark.   Conn.  Del.  Ga.  Ill.  Ind.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Miss.  Mo.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Ohio   Pa.   R.I.*   S.C.   Tenn.  Vt.   Va.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James K. Polk, of Tennessee..................      9      3  ......  ....   10     9    12  ...    6       9  .....  ......       5       6    7      6  .....     36  .....  .....     26  .....      9  ......  ...     17     170
    Henry Clay, of Kentucky......................  .....  .....       6     3  ...  ....  ....   12  ...  ......      8      12  ......  ......  ...  .....      7  .....     11     23  .....      4  .....      13    6  .....     105
                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    George M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania............      9      3  ......  ....   10     9    12  ...    6       9  .....  ......       5       6    7      6  .....     36  .....  .....     26  .....      9  ......  ...     17     170
    Theodore Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey........  .....  .....       6     3  ...  ....  ....   12  ...  ......      8      12  ......  ......  ...  .....      7  .....     11     23  .....      4  .....      13    6  .....     105
                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......................      9      3       6     3   10     9    12   12    6       9      8      12       5       6    7      6      7     36     11     23     26      4      9      13    6     17     275
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*And Providence Plantations.

            [1921]
                                                                  [1921]

[[Page 677]]

            1921

                                                       ELECTION FOR THE SIXTEENTH TERM, 1849-1853
                                              Zachary Taylor,* President; Millard Fillmore, Vice President
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Ky.    La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Miss.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Zachary Taylor, of Louisiana.  .....  .....       6      3      3     10  .....  .....  ......     12      6  ......       8      12  ......  ......
    Lewis Cass, of Michigan......      9      3  ......  .....  .....  .....      9     12       4  .....  .....       9  ......  ......       5       6
                                  ======================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Millard Fillmore, of New York  .....  .....       6      3      3     10  .....  .....  ......     12      6  ......       8      12  ......  ......
    W. O. Butler, of Kentucky....      9      3  ......  .....  .....  .....      9     12       4  .....  .....       9  ......  ......       5       6
                                  ======================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......      9      3       6      3      3     10      9     12       4     12      6       9       8      12       5       6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Name of candidate             Mo.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.   Tex.   Vt.    Va.    Wis.   Total
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Zachary Taylor, of Louisiana......  .....  ......       7      36      11  .....      26       4  ......      13  .....      6  .....  .....     163
    Lewis Cass, of Michigan...........      7       6  ......  ......  ......     23  ......  ......       9  ......      4  .....     17      4     127
                                       =================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Millard Fillmore, of New York.....  .....  ......       7      36      11  .....      26       4  ......      13  .....      6  .....  .....     163
    W. O. Butler, of Kentucky.........      7       6  ......  ......  ......     23  ......  ......       9  ......      4  .....     17      4     127
                                       =================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote............      7       6       7      36      11     23      26       4       9      13      4      6     17      4     290
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Zachary Taylor, twelfth President of the United States, died at Washington, July 9, 1850. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this
  event, upon the Vice President, Millard Fillmore, he accordingly took the oath of office July 10, 1850.

            [1922]
                                                                  [1922]

[[Page 678]]

            1922

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE SEVENTEENTH TERM, 1853-1857
                                                                   Franklin Pierce, President; William R. King, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.    Ark.   Calif.   Conn.   Del.    Fla.     Ga.    Ill.    Ind.    Iowa     Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire...........................       9       4       4       6       3       3      10      11      13       4  ......       6       8       8  ......       6
    Winfield Scott, of New Jersey...............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......  ......      13  ......
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    William R. King, of Alabama.................................       9       4       4       6       3       3      10      11      13       4  ......       6       8       8  ......       6
    William A. Graham, of North Carolina........................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......  ......      13  ......
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......................................       9       4       4       6       3       3      10      11      13       4      12       6       8       8      13       6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Miss.    Mo.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio     Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.   Tex.     Vt.     Va.    Wis.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire...........................       7       9       5       7      35      10      23      27       4       8  ......       4  ......      15       5     254
    Winfield Scott, of New Jersey...............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......       5  ......  ......      42
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    William R. King, of Alabama.................................       7       9       5       7      35      10      23      27       4       8  ......       4  ......      15       5     254
    William A. Graham, of North Carolina........................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......       5  ......  ......      42
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......................................       7       9       5       7      35      10      23      27       4       8      12       4       5      15       5     296
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1923]
                                                                  [1923]

[[Page 679]]

            1923

                                                                           ELECTION FOR THE EIGHTEENTH TERM, 1857-1861
                                                                 James Buchanan, President; John C. Breckinridge, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.    Ark.   Calif.   Conn.   Del.    Fla.     Ga.    Ill.    Ind.    Iowa     Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania.............................       9       4       4  ......       3       3      10      11      13  ......      12       6  ......  ......  ......  ......
    John C. Fremont, of California..............................  ......  ......  ......       6  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       4  ......  ......       8  ......      13       6
    Millard Fillmore, of New York...............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       8  ......  ......
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky...........................       9       4       4  ......       3       3      10      11      13  ......      12       6  ......  ......  ......  ......
    William L. Dayton, of New Jersey............................  ......  ......  ......       6  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       4  ......  ......       8  ......      13       6
    Andrew J. Donelson, of Tennessee............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       8  ......  ......
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......................................       9       4       4       6       3       3      10      11      13       4      12       6       8       8      13       6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Miss.    Mo.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio     Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn    Tex.     Vt.     Va.    Wis.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania.............................       7       9  ......       7  ......      10  ......      27  ......       8      12       4  ......      15  ......     174
    John C. Fremont, of California..............................  ......  ......       5  ......      35  ......      23  ......       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5     114
    Millard Fillmore, of New York...............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       8
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky...........................       7       9  ......       7  ......      10  ......      27  ......       8      12       4  ......      15  ......     174
    William L. Dayton, of New Jersey............................  ......  ......       5  ......      35  ......      23  ......       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5     114
    Andrew J. Donelson, of Tennessee............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       8
                                                                 ===============================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......................................       7       9       5       7      35      10      23      27       4       8      12       4       5      15       5     296
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1924]
                                                                  [1924]

[[Page 680]]

            1924

                                                                           ELECTION FOR THE NINETEENTH TERM, 1861-1865
                                                                   Abraham Lincoln, President; Hannibal Hamlin, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Name of candidate                      Ala.    Ark.   Calif.   Conn.   Del.    Fla.     Ga.    Ill.    Ind.    Iowa     Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois........................  ......  ......       4       6  ......  ......  ......      11      13       4  ......  ......       8  ......      13       6       4
    John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky...................       9       4  ......  ......       3       3      10  ......  ......  ......  ......       6  ......       8  ......  ......  ......
    John Bell, of Tennessee.............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
    Stephen A. Douglas, of Illinois.....................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
                                                         =======================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine...........................  ......  ......       4       6  ......  ......  ......      11      13       4  ......  ......       8  ......      13       6       4
    Joseph Lane, of Oregon..............................       9       4  ......  ......       3       3      10  ......  ......  ......  ......       6  ......       8  ......  ......  ......
    Edward Everett, of Massachusetts....................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
    Herschel V. Johnson, of Georgia.....................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
                                                         =======================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............................       9       4       4       6       3       3      10      11      13       4      12       6       8       8      13       6       4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Name of candidate                      Miss.    Mo.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.    Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.   Texas    Vt.     Va.    Wis.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois........................  ......  ......       5       4      35  ......      23       3      27       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5     180
    John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky...................       7  ......  ......  ......  ......      10  ......  ......  ......  ......       8  ......       4  ......  ......  ......      72
    John Bell, of Tennessee.............................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......      15  ......      39
    Stephen A. Douglas, of Illinois.....................  ......       9  ......       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12
                                                         =======================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine...........................  ......  ......       5       4      35  ......      23       3      27       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5     180
    Joseph Lane, of Oregon..............................       7  ......  ......  ......  ......      10  ......  ......  ......  ......       8  ......       4  ......  ......  ......      72
    Edward Everett, of Massachusetts....................  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12  ......  ......      15  ......      39
    Herschel V. Johnson, of Georgia.....................  ......       9  ......       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12
                                                         =======================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............................       7       9       5       7      35      10      23       3      27       4       8      12       4       5      15       5     303
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1925]
                                                                  [1925]

[[Page 681]]

            1925

                                                                           ELECTION FOR THE TWENTIETH TERM, 1865-1869
                                                                   Abraham Lincoln,* President; Andrew Johnson, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Name of candidate              Ala.    Ark.   Calif.   Conn.   Del.    Fla.     Ga.    Ill.    Ind.    Iowa    Kans.    Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois........  ......  ......       5       6  ......  ......  ......      16      13       8       3  ......  ......       7       7      12       8       4  ......
    George B. McClellan, of New Jersey..  ......  ......  ......  ......       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      11  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee........  ......  ......       5       6  ......  ......  ......      16      13       8       3  ......  ......       7       7      12       8       4  ......
    George H. Pendleton, of Ohio........  ......  ......  ......  ......       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      11  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............  ......  ......       5       6       3  ......  ......      16      13       8       3      11  ......       7       7      12       8       4  ......
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Name of candidate                   Mo.    Nev.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.    Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.   Tex.     Vt.     Va.   W. Va.   Wis.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois................      11       2       5  ......      33  ......      21       3      26       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5       8     212
    George B. McClellan, of New Jersey..........  ......  ......  ......       7  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      21
                                                 ===============================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee................      11       2       5  ......      33  ......      21       3      26       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5       8     212
    George H. Pendleton, of Ohio................  ......  ......  ......       7  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      21
                                                 ===============================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote......................      11       2       5       7      33  ......      21       3      26       4  ......  ......  ......       5  ......       5       8     233
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth President of the United States, was shot by an assassin on the night of April 14, 1865, and died the following morning. The duties of the Presidential office
  devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Andrew Johnson, he accordingly took the oath of office April 15, 1865.

            [1926]
                                                                  [1926]

[[Page 682]]

            1926

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST TERM, 1869-1873
                                                                  Ulysses S. Grant, President; Schuyler Colfax, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Calif.   Conn.    Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.   Ind.    Iowa    Kans.    Ky.    La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.    Mich.    Minn.    Miss.    Mo.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois.      8      5        5        6  .....      3  .....     16     13        8        3  .....  .....        7  .....       12        8        4  .......     11
    Horatio Seymour, of New York..  .....  .....  .......  .......      3  .....      9  .....  .....  .......  .......     11      7  .......      7  .......  .......  .......  .......  .....
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana...      8      5        5        6  .....      3  .....     16     13        8        3  .....  .....        7  .....       12        8        4  .......     11
    Francis P. Blair, Jr., of       .....  .....  .......  .......      3  .....      9  .....  .....  .......  .......     11      7  .......      7  .......  .......  .......  .......  .....
     Missouri.....................
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........      8      5        5        6      3      3      9     16     13        8        3     11      7        7      7       12        8        4  .......     11
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                                                              Total,     Total,
                                                                                                                                                                            excluding  including
            Name of candidate               Nebr.    Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.    Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Tenn.    Tex.   Vt.    Va.    W. Va.   Wis.   vote of    vote of
                                                                                                                                                                             Georgia    Georgia
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois........        3      3      5  .....  .....      9       21  .......     26      4      6       10  .....      5  .....        5      8        214        214
    Horatio Seymour, of New York.........  .......  .....  .....      7     33  .....  .......        3  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....         71         80
                                          ======================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana..........        3      3      5  .....  .....      9       21  .......     26      4      6       10  .....      5  .....        5      8        214        214
    Francis P. Blair, Jr., of Missouri...  .......  .....  .....      7     33  .....  .......        3  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....         71         80
                                          ======================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote...............        3      3      5      7     33      9       21        3     26      4      6       10  .....      5  .....        5      8        285         29
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1927]
                                                                  [1927]

[[Page 683]]

            1927

                                                                         ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-SECOND TERM, 1873-1877
                                                                   Ulysses S. Grant, President; Henry Wilson,* Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Name of candidate              Ala.    Ark.   Calif.   Conn.   Del.    Fla.     Ga.    Ill.    Ind.    Iowa    Kans.    Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois.......      10  ......       6       6       3       4  ......      21      15      11       5  ......  ......       7  ......      13      11       5       8
    Horace Greeley, of New York.........  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  (By resolution of the House, 3 votes cast for Horace Greeley were not counted.

            [1927]
                                                                  [1927]

[[Page 684]]

                                           

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Name of candidate               Mo.    Nebr.   Nev.    N.H.    N.J.    N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.    Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.   Tex.     Vt.     Va.   W. Va.   Wis.    Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois.......  ......       3       3       5       9      35      10      22       3      29       4       7  ......  ......       5      11       5      10     286
    Horace Greeley, of New York.........  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......
    B. Gratz Brown, of Missouri.........       8  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      18
    Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana.....       6  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12       8  ......  ......  ......  ......      42
    Charles J. Jenkins, of Georgia......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       2
    David Davis, of Illinois............       1  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       1
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts......  ......       3       3       5       9      35      10      22       3      29       4       7  ......  ......       5      11       5      10     286
    B. Gratz Brown, of Missouri.........       6  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......      12       8  ......  ......  ......  ......      47
    N. P. Banks, of Massachusetts.......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       1
    George W. Julian, of Indiana........       5  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       5
    Alfred H. Colquitt, of Georgia......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       5
    John M. Palmer, of Illinois.........       3  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       3
    Thomas E. Bramlette, of Kentucky....  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       3
    William S. Groesbeck, of Ohio.......       1  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       1
    Willis B. Machen, of Kentucky.......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......  ......       1
                                         =======================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............      15       3       3       5       9      35      10      22       3      29       4       7      12       8       5      11       5      10     352
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1928]
                                                                  [1928]

[[Page 685]]

            1928

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-THIRD TERM, 1877-1881
                                                               Rutherford B. Hayes, President; William A. Wheeler, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.    Ind.     Iowa   Kans.   Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.     Mass.    Mich.    Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Rutherford B. Hayes, of Ohio..  .....  .....        6        3  .....  .....      4  .....     21  .......       11      5  .....        8      7  .......       13       11        5  .....
    Samuel J. Tilden, of New York.     10      6  .......  .......      6      3  .....     11  .....       15  .......  .....     12  .......  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      8
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    William A. Wheeler, of New      .....  .....        6        3  .....  .....      4  .....     21  .......       11      5  .....        8      7  .......       13       11        5  .....
     York.........................
    Thomas A. Hendricks, of            10      6  .......  .......      6      3  .....     11  .....       15  .......  .....     12  .......  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      8
     Indiana......................
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........     10      6        6        3      6      3      4     11     21       15       11      5     12        8      7        8       13       11        5      8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Name of candidate                  Mo.    Nebr.    Nev.    N.H.    N.J.   N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Tex.  Vt.  Va.   W. Va.   Wis.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Rutherford B. Hayes, of Ohio...............  .....        3       3       5  .....  ......  ......      22       3     29       4       7  .......  .....    5  ...  .......     10      185
    Samuel J. Tilden, of New York..............     15  .......  ......  ......      9      35      10  ......  ......  .....  ......  ......       12      8  ...   11        5  .....      184
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    William A. Wheeler, of New York............  .....        3       3       5  .....  ......  ......      22       3     29       4       7  .......  .....    5  ...  .......     10      185
    Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana............     15  .......  ......  ......      9      35      10  ......  ......  .....  ......  ......       12      8  ...   11        5  .....      184
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................     15        3       3       5      9      35      10      22       3     29       4       7       12      8    5   11        5     10      369
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1929]
                                                                  [1929]

[[Page 686]]

            1929

                                                                         ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-FOURTH TERM, 1881-1885
                                                                James A. Garfield,* President; Chester A. Arthur, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.    Ind.     Iowa   Kans.   Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.     Mass.    Mich.    Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James A. Garfield, of Ohio....  .....  .....        1        3      6  .....  .....  .....     21       15       11      5  .....  .......      7  .......       13       11        5  .....
    Winfield S. Hancock, of            10      6        5  .......  .....      3      4     11  .....  .......  .......  .....     12        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      8
     Pennsylvania.................
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Chester A. Arthur, of New York  .....  .....        1        3      6  .....  .....  .....     21       15       11      5  .....  .......      7  .......       13       11        5  .....
    William H. English, of Indiana     10      6        5  .......  .....      3      4     11  .....  .......  .......  .....     12        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      8
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........     10      6        6        3      6      3      4     11     21       15       11      5     12        8      7        8       13       11        5      8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Name of candidate                  Mo.    Nebr.    Nev.    N.H.    N.J.   N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Tex.  Vt.  Va.   W. Va.   Wis.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    James A. Garfield, of Ohio.................  .....        3  ......       5  .....      35  ......      22       3     29       4  ......  .......  .....    5  ...  .......     10      214
    Winfield S. Hancock, of Pennsylvania.......     15  .......       3  ......      9  ......      10  ......  ......  .....  ......       7       12      8  ...   11        5  .....  155
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Chester A. Arthur, of New York.............  .....        3  ......       5  .....      35  ......      22       3     29       4  ......  .......  .....    5  ...  .......     10      214
    William H. English, of Indiana.............     15  .......       3  ......      9  ......      10  ......  ......  .....  ......       7       12      8  ...   11        5  .....  155
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................     15        3       3       5      9      35      10      22       3     29       4       7       12      8    5   11        5     10      369
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*James A. Garfield, the twentieth President of the United States, was shot by an assassin July 2, 1881, and died from the effects of his wounds September 19, 1881. The duties of the
  Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Chester A. Arthur, he accordingly took the oath of office in New York City, September 20, 1881, and again formally took
  the oath of office at Washington, September 22, 1881.
 
The vote of Georgia, cast on the 8th of December, second Wednesday of the month, if not counted would reduce this total to 144.

            [1930]
                                                                  [1930]

[[Page 687]]

            1930

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-FIFTH TERM, 1885-1889
                                                                Grover Cleveland, President; Thomas A. Hendricks,* Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.    Ind.     Iowa   Kans.   Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.     Mass.    Mich.    Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Grover Cleveland, of New York.     10      7  .......  .......      6      3      4     12  .....       15  .......  .....     13        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      9
    James G. Blaine, of Maine.....  .....  .....        8        3  .....  .....  .....  .....     22  .......       13      9  .....  .......      6  .......       14       13        7  .....
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Thomas A. Hendricks, of            10      7  .......  .......      6      3      4     12  .....       15  .......  .....     13        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      9
     Indiana......................
    John A. Logan, of Illinois....  .....  .....        8        3  .....  .....  .....  .....     22  .......       13      9  .....  .......      6  .......       14       13        7  .....
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........     10      7        8        3      6      3      4     12     22       15       13      9     13        8      6        8       14       13        7      9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Name of candidate                  Mo.    Nebr.    Nev.    N.H.    N.J.   N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Tex.  Vt.  Va.   W. Va.   Wis.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Grover Cleveland, of New York..............     16  .......  ......  ......      9      36      11  ......  ......  .....  ......       9       12     13  ...   12        6  .....      219
    James G. Blaine, of Maine..................  .....        5       3       4  .....  ......  ......      23       3     30       4  ......  .......  .....    4  ...  .......     11      182
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana............     16  .......  ......  ......      9      36      11  ......  ......  .....  ......       9       12     13  ...   12        6  .....      219
    John A. Logan, of Illinois.................  .....        5       3       4  .....  ......  ......      23       3     30       4  ......  .......  .....    4  ...  .......     11      182
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................     16        5       3       4      9      36      11      23       3     30       4       9       12     13    4   12        6     11      401
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Thomas A. Hendricks died at Indianapolis, Ind., Nov. 25, 1885, aged 66 years.

            [1931]
                                                                  [1931]

[[Page 688]]

            1931

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-SIXTH TERM, 1889-1893
                                                                  Benjamin Harrison, President; Levi P. Morton, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of candidate           Ala.   Ark.   Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Ill.    Ind.     Iowa   Kans.   Ky.     La.    Maine    Md.     Mass.    Mich.    Minn.   Miss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana.  .....  .....        8        3  .....  .....  .....  .....     22       15       13      9  .....  .......      6  .......       14       13        7  .....
    Grover Cleveland, of New York.     10      7  .......  .......      6      3      4     12  .....  .......  .......  .....     13        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      9
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Levi P. Morton, of New York...  .....  .....        8        3  .....  .....  .....  .....     22       15       13      9  .....  .......      6  .......       14       13        7  .....
    Allen G. Thurman, of Ohio.....     10      7  .......  .......      6      3      4     12  .....  .......  .......  .....     13        8  .....        8  .......  .......  .......      9
                                   =============================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........     10      7        8        3      6      3      4     12     22       15       13      9     13        8      6        8       14       13        7      9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Name of candidate                  Mo.    Nebr.    Nev.    N.H.    N.J.   N.Y.    N.C.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.    S.C.    Tenn.    Tex.  Vt.  Va.   W. Va.   Wis.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana..............  .....        5       3       4  .....      36  ......      23       3     30       4  ......  .......  .....    4  ...  .......     11      233
    Grover Cleveland, of New York..............     16  .......  ......  ......      9  ......      11  ......  ......  .....  ......       9       12     13  ...   12        6  .....      168
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Levi P. Morton, of New York................  .....        5       3       4  .....      36  ......      23       3     30       4  ......  .......  .....    4  ...  .......     11      233
    Allen G. Thurman, of Ohio..................     16  .......  ......  ......      9  ......      11  ......  ......  .....  ......       9       12     13  ...   12        6  .....      168
                                                ================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................     16        5       3       4      9      36      11      23       3     30       4       9       12     13    4   12        6     11      401
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1932]
                                                                  [1932]

[[Page 689]]

            1932

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-SEVENTH TERM, 1893-1897
                                                                                     Grover Cleveland, President; Adlai E. Stevenson, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Name of candidate                         Ala.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa   Kans.   Ky.    La.    Maine    Md.   Mass.  Mich.   Minn.  Miss.    Mo.    Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Grover Cleveland, of New York............................     11      8       8  ......       6      3      4     13  ......     24     15  .....  ......     13      8  ......       8  .....      5  ......      9      17  ......
    Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana............................  .....  .....       1  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....     13  ......  .....  .....       6  ......     15      9       9  .....  ......       3
    James B. Weaver, of Iowa.................................  .....  .....  ......       4  ......  .....  .....  .....       3  .....  .....  .....      10  .....  .....  ......  ......  .....  .....  ......  .....  ......  ......
                                                              ==========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois..........................     11      8       8  ......       6      3      4     13  ......     24     15  .....  ......     13      8  ......       8  .....      5  ......      9      17  ......
    Whitelaw Reid, of New York...............................  .....  .....       1  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....     13  ......  .....  .....       6  ......     15      9       9  .....  ......       3
    James G. Field, of Virginia..............................  .....  .....  ......       4  ......  .....  .....  .....       3  .....  .....  .....      10  .....  .....  ......  ......  .....  .....  ......  .....  ......  ......
                                                              ==========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote...................................     11      8       9       4       6      3      4     13       3     24     15     13      10     13      8       6       8     15     14       9      9      17       3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                 N.                                           S.
                         Name of candidate                           Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Dak.    Tenn.   Tex.   Vt.    Va.    Wash.    W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Grover Cleveland, of New York.................................  ......  .....  .....     10     36     11       1       1  ......  .....  .....      9  ......      12     15  .....     12  .......        6     12  ......     277
    Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana.................................       8  .....      4  .....  .....  .....       1      22       3     32      4  .....       4  ......  .....      4  .....        4  .......  .....       3     145
    James B. Weaver, of Iowa......................................  ......      3  .....  .....  .....  .....       1  ......       1  .....  .....  .....  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .......  .....  ......      22
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois...............................  ......  .....  .....     10     36     11       1       1  ......  .....  .....      9  ......      12     15  .....     12  .......        6     12  ......     277
    Whitelaw Reid, of New York....................................       8  .....      4  .....  .....  .....       1      22       3     32      4  .....       4  ......  .....      4  .....        4  .......  .....       3     145
    James G. Field, of Virginia...................................  ......      3  .....  .....  .....  .....       1  ......       1  .....  .....  .....  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .......  .....  ......      22
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........................................       8      3      4     10     36     11       3      23       4     32      4      9       4      12     15      4     12        4        6     12       3     444
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1933]
                                                                  [1933]

[[Page 690]]

            1933

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-EIGHTH TERM, 1897-1901
                                                                                     William McKinley, President; Garret A. Hobart,* Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Name of candidate                        Ala.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.   Ky.    La.    Maine    Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.   Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William McKinley, of Ohio..............................  .....  .....       8  ......       6      3  .....  .....  ......     24     15      13  ......     12  .....        6      8      15      14       9  ......  .....  .....
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska..........................     11      8       1       4  ......  .....      4     13       3  .....  .....  ......      10      1      8  .......  .....  ......  ......  ......       9     17      3
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Garret A. Hobart, of New Jersey........................  .....  .....       8  ......       6      3  .....  .....  ......     24     15      13  ......     12  .....        6      8      15      14       9  ......  .....  .....
    Arthur Sewall, of Maine................................     11      5       1       4  ......  .....      4     13       3  .....  .....  ......      10      1      4  .......  .....  ......  ......  ......       9     13      2
    Thomas E. Watson, of Georgia...........................  .....      3  ......  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ......  ......  .....      4  .......  .....  ......  ......  ......  ......      4      1
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.................................     11      8       9       4       6      3      4     13       3     24     15      13      10     13      8        6      8      15      14       9       9     17      3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                           N.                                           S.
                      Name of candidate                        Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.    Ohio    Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Dak.    Tenn.   Tex.   Utah    Vt.    Va.    Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William McKinley, of Ohio...............................  ......  .....      4     10     36  .....       3      23       4     32      4  .....  ......  ......  .....  ......      4  .....  ......        6     12  .....     271
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska...........................       8      3  .....  .....  .....     11  ......  ......  ......  .....  .....      9       4      12     15       3  .....     12       4  .......  .....      3     176
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Garret A. Hobart, of New Jersey.........................  ......  .....      4     10     36  .....       3      23       4     32      4  .....  ......  ......  .....  ......      4  .....  ......        6     12  .....     271
    Arthur Sewall, of Maine.................................       4      3  .....  .....  .....      6  ......  ......  ......  .....  .....      9       2      12     15       2  .....     12       2  .......  .....      2     149
    Thomas E. Watson, of Georgia............................       4  .....  .....  .....  .....      5  ......  ......  ......  .....  .....  .....       2  ......  .....       1  .....  .....       2  .......  .....      1      27
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................................       8      3      4     10     36     11       3      23       4     32      4      9       4      12     15       3      4     12       4        6     12      3     447
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Garret A. Hobart died at Paterson, N.J., Nov. 21, 1899, aged 55 years.

            [1934]
                                                                  [1934]

[[Page 691]]

            1934

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE TWENTY-NINTH TERM, 1901-1905
                                                                                    William McKinley,* President; Theodore Roosevelt, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Name of candidate                        Ala.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.   Ky.    La.    Maine   Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.   Mo.    Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William McKinley, of Ohio..............................  .....  .....       9  ......       6      3  .....  .....  ......     24     15      13      10  .....  .....       6      8      15      14       9  ......  .....  ......
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska..........................     11      8  ......       4  ......  .....      4     13       3  .....  .....  ......  ......     13      8  ......  .....  ......  ......  ......       9     17       3
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York........................  .....  .....       9  ......       6      3  .....  .....  ......     24     15      13      10  .....  .....       6      8      15      14       9  ......  .....  ......
    Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois........................     11      8  ......       4  ......  .....      4     13       3  .....  .....  ......  ......     13      8  ......  .....  ......  ......  ......       9     17       3
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.................................     11      8       9       4       6      3      4     13       3     24     15      13      10     13      8       6      8      15      14       9       9     17       3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             N.                                         S.
                       Name of candidate                         Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.   Ohio   Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah    Vt.    Va.    Wash.    W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William McKinley, of Ohio..................................      8  .....      4     10     36  .....      3     23       4     32      4  .....       4  .....  .....       3      4  .....        4        6     12      3     292
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska..............................  .....      3  .....  .....  .....     11  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....      9  ......     12     15  ......  .....     12  .......  .......  .....  .....     155
                                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York............................      8  .....      4     10     36  .....      3     23       4     32      4  .....       4  .....  .....       3      4  .....        4        6     12      3     292
    Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois............................  .....      3  .....  .....  .....     11  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....      9  ......     12     15  ......  .....     12  .......  .......  .....  .....     155
                                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................................      8      3      4     10     36     11      3     23       4     32      4      9       4     12     15       3      4     12        4        6     12      3     447
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*William McKinley, the twenty-fourth President of the United States, was shot by an assassin Sept. 6, 1901, and died Sept. 14, 1901. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Theodore
  Roosevelt, he accordingly took the oath of office at Buffalo, N.Y., on Sept. 14, 1901.

            [1935]
                                                                  [1935]

[[Page 692]]

            1935

                                                                                               ELECTION FOR THE THIRTIETH TERM, 1905-1909
                                                                                 Theodore Roosevelt, President; Charles Warren Fairbanks, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Name of candidate                        Ala.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.   Ky.    La.    Maine   Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.   Mo.    Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York........................  .....  .....      10       5       7      3  .....  .....       3     27     15      13      10  .....  .....       6      1      16      14      11  ......     18       3
    Alton B. Parker, of New York...........................     11      9  ......  ......  ......  .....      5     13  ......  .....  .....  ......  ......     13      9  ......      7  ......  ......  ......      10  .....  ......
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana.......................  .....  .....      10       5       7      3  .....  .....       3     27     15      13      10  .....  .....       6      1      16      14      11  ......     18       3
    Henry G. Davis, of West Virginia.......................     11      9  ......  ......  ......  .....      5     13  ......  .....  .....  ......  ......     13      9  ......      7  ......  ......  ......      10  .....  ......
                                                            ============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.................................     11      9      10       5       7      3      5     13       3     27     15      13      10     13      9       6      8      16      14      11      10     18       3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                            N.                                          S.
                       Name of candidate                        Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.   Ohio   Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.    Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah    Vt.     Va.    Wash.  W. Va.   Wis.    Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York...........................      8      3      4     12     39  .....      4     23       4     34      4  ......       4  .....  .....       3      4  ......       5       7      13      3     336
    Alton B. Parker, of New York..............................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     12  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....       9  ......     12     18  ......  .....      12  ......  ......  ......  .....     140
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana..........................      8      3      4     12     39  .....      4     23       4     34      4  ......       4  .....  .....       3      4  ......       5       7      13      3     336
    Henry G. Davis, of West Virginia..........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     12  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....       9  ......     12     18  ......  .....      12  ......  ......  ......  .....     140
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote....................................      8      3      4     12     39     12      4     23       4     34      4       9       4     12     18       3      4      12       5       7      13      3     476
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1936]
                                                                  [1936]

[[Page 693]]

            1936

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-FIRST TERM, 1909-1913
                                                                               William Howard Taft, President; James Schoolcraft Sherman,* Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Name of candidate                           Ala.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.    Del.   Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.   Ky.   La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William H. Taft, of Ohio......................................  .....  .....      10  ......        7      3  .....  ...        3    27     15      13      10  .....  ...        6    2      16      14      11  .....   18       3
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska.................................     11      9  ......       5  .......  .....      5   13  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......     13    9  .......    6  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    James S. Sherman, of New York.................................  .....  .....      10  ......        7      3  .....  ...        3    27     15      13      10  .....  ...        6    2      16      14      11  .....   18       3
    John W. Kern, of Indiana......................................     11      9  ......       5  .......  .....      5   13  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......     13    9  .......    6  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........................................     11      9      10       5        7      3      5   13        3    27     15      13      10     13    9        6    8      16      14      11     10   18       3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Name of candidate                       Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.  N.J.   N.Y.   N.C.   N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.   R.I.   S.C.   S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.  Wis.   Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    William H. Taft, of Ohio..............................  ......  .....      4    12     39  .....         4     23  .....      4   34      4  .....         4  ......  .....       3    4  ...       5        7    13      3      321
    William J. Bryan, of Nebraska.........................       8      3  .....  ....  .....     12  ........  .....      7  .....  ...  .....      9  ........      12     18  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  ....  .....      162
                                                           =============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    James S. Sherman, of New York.........................  ......  .....      4    12     39  .....         4     23  .....      4   34      4  .....         4  ......  .....       3    4  ...       5        7    13      3      321
    John W. Kern, of Indiana..............................       8      3  .....  ....  .....     12  ........  .....      7  .....  ...  .....      9  ........      12     18  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  ....  .....      162
                                                           =============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote................................       8      3      4    12     39     12         4     23      7      4   34      4      9         4      12     18       3    4   12       5        7    13      3      483
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*James S. Sherman died at Utica, N.Y., Oct. 30, 1912, aged 57 years.

            [1937]
                                                                  [1937]

[[Page 694]]

            1937

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-SECOND TERM, 1913-1917
                                                                                    Woodrow Wilson, President; Thomas Riley Marshall, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Name of candidate                       Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.   Neb.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey...........................    12      3     9       2       6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10        6    8      18  ......  ......     10   18       4      8
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York.........................  ....  .....  ....      11  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  .......  ...  ......      15      12  .....  ...  ......  .....
    William H. Taft, of Ohio................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......  .....
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Thomas R. Marshall, of Indiana..........................    12      3     9       2       6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10        6    8      18  ......  ......     10   18       4      8
    Hiram W. Johnson, of California.........................  ....  .....  ....      11  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  .......  ...  ......      15      12  .....  ...  ......  .....
    Nicholas M. Butler,* of New York........................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......  .....
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................................    12      3     9      13       6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10        6    8      18      15      12     10   18       4      8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                         N.                    N.                                            S.
                        Name of candidate                          Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.   Pa.   R.I.  S.C.  Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.   Va.  Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey...............................      3      4     14       3     45     12      5     24     10      5  .....     5     9  ....      12     20  .....  .....   12  .....        8     13      3     435
    Theodore Roosevelt, of New York.............................  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     38  ....  ....     5  ......  .....  .....  .....  ...     7   .......  .....  .....      88
    William H. Taft, of Ohio....................................  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ....  ....  ......  .....      4      4  ...  .....  .......  .....  .....       8
                                                                 =======================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:                                               .....
    Thomas R. Marshall, of Indiana..............................      3      4     14       3     45     12      5     24     10      5  .....     5     9  ....      12     20  .....  .....   12  .....        8     13      3     435
    Hiram W. Johnson, of California.............................  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     38  ....  ....     5  ......  .....  .....  .....  ...     7   .......  .....  .....      88
    Nicholas M. Butler,* of New York............................  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ....  ....  ......  .....      4      4  ...  .....  .......  .....  .....       8
                                                                 =======================================================================================================================================================================
        Total electoral vote....................................      3      4     14       3     45     12      5     24     10      5     38     5     9     5      12     20      4      4   12     7         8     13      3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*After the election, was selected to receive the electoral votes of the States of Utah and Vermont owing to the death of James S. Sherman.

            [1938]
                                                                  [1938]

[[Page 695]]

            1938

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-THIRD TERM, 1917-1921
                                                                                    Woodrow Wilson, President; Thomas Riley Marshall, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Name of candidate                    Ala.   Ariz.   Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.   Fla.   Ga.    Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.   Ky.    La.    Maine   Md.    Mass.   Mich.   Minn.   Miss.   Mo.    Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey..................     12       3      9      13       6  ......  .....      6     14       4  .....  .....  ......      10     13     10  ......      8  ......  ......  ......      10     18       4
    Charles E. Hughes, of New York.................  .....  ......  .....  ......  ......       7      3  .....  .....  ......     29     15      13  ......  .....  .....       6  .....      18      15      12  ......  .....  ......
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:                                                                                                                                                                                                               ......
    Thomas R. Marshall, of Indiana.................     12       3      9      13       6  ......  .....      6     14       4  .....  .....  ......      10     13     10  ......      8  ......  ......  ......      10     18       4
    Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana...............  .....  ......  .....  ......  ......       7      3  .....  .....  ......     29     15      13  ......  .....  .....       6  .....      18      15      12  ......  .....  ......
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................     12       3      9      13       6       7      3      6     14       4     29     15      13      10     13     10       6      8      18      15      12      10     18       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              N.                    N.                                                 S.
              Name of candidate                 Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.    Ohio    Okla.   Oreg.  Pa.   R.I.   S.C.   Dak.    Tenn.   Tex.   Utah    Vt.    Va.    Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey............       8      3      4  .....       3  .....     12       5      24      10  ......  ...  .....      9  ......      12     20       4  .....     12       7        1  .....       3     277
    Charles E. Hughes, of New York...........  ......  .....  .....     14  ......     45  .....  ......  ......  ......       5   38      5  .....       5  ......  .....  ......      4  .....  ......        7     13  ......     254
                                              ==========================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Thomas R. Marshall, of Indiana...........       8      3      4  .....       3  .....     12       5      24      10  ......  ...  .....      9  ......      12     20       4  .....     12       7        1  .....       3     277
    Charles W. Fairbanks, of Indiana.........  ......  .....  .....     14  ......     45  .....  ......  ......  ......       5   38      5  .....       5  ......  .....  ......      4  .....  ......        7     13  ......     254
                                              ==========================================================================================================================================================================================
    Total electoral vote.....................       8      3      4     14       3     45     12       5      24      10       5   38      5      9       5      12     20       4      4     12       7        8     13       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1939]
                                                                  [1939]

[[Page 696]]

            1939

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-FOURTH TERM, 1921-1925
                                                                                     Warren G. Harding,* President; Calvin Coolidge, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Name of candidate                      Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.   Nebr.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Warren G. Harding, of Ohio............................  ....      3  ....      13       6       7     3  ....  ...       4    29     15      13      10  ...  ...        6    8      18      15      12  .....   18       4        8
    James M. Cox, of Ohio.................................    12  .....     9  ......  ......  ......  ....     6   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......   13   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .......
                                                           =============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Calvin Coolidge, of Massachusetts.....................  ....      3  ....      13       6       7     3  ....  ...       4    29     15      13      10  ...  ...        6    8      18      15      12  .....   18       4        8
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York....................    12  .....     9  ......  ......  ......  ....     6   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......   13   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .......
                                                           =============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote................................    12      3     9      13       6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10        6    8      18      15      12     10   18       4        8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Name of candidate                      Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N. Mex.   N.Y.   N.C.   N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.   S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Warren G. Harding, of Ohio..........................      3      4     14         3     45  .....         5     24     10      5   38     5  ....         5      12  .....       4    4  ...       7        8     13       3     404
    James M. Cox, of Ohio...............................  .....  .....  .....  ........  .....     12  ........  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     9  ........  ......     20  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  .....  ......     127
                                                         ===============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Calvin Coolidge, of Massachusetts...................      3      4     14         3     45  .....         5     24     10      5   38     5  ....         5      12  .....       4    4  ...       7        8     13       3     404
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York..................  .....  .....  .....  ........  .....     12  ........  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     9  ........  ......     20  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  .....  ......     127
                                                         ===============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..............................      3      4     14         3     45     12         5     24     10      5   38     5     9         5      12     20       4    4   12       7        8     13       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Warren G. Harding, the twenty-eighth President of the United States, died on Aug. 2, 1923. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Calvin Coolidge, he accordingly took the oath of
  office at Plymouth, Vt., on Aug. 3, 1923.

            [1940]
                                                                  [1940]

[[Page 697]]

            1940

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-FIFTH TERM, 1925-1929
                                                                                      Calvin Coolidge, President; Charles G. Dawes, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Name of candidate                        Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.  Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine  Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.  Nebr.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Calvin Coolidge, of Massachusetts.........................  ....      3  ....      13      6       7     3  ....  ...       4    29     15      13      10   13  ...       6    8      18      15      12  .....   18       4     8
    John W. Davis, of West Virginia...........................    12  .....     9  ......  .....  ......  ....     6   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .....
    Robert M. La Follette, of Wisconsin.......................  ....  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......  .....
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles G. Dawes, of Illinois.............................  ....      3  ....      13      6       7     3  ....  ...       4    29     15      13      10   13  ...       6    8      18      15      12  .....   18       4     8
    Charles W. Bryan, of Nebraska.............................    12  .....     9  ......  .....  ......  ....     6   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .....
    Burton K. Wheeler, of Montana.............................  ....  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......  .....
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote....................................    12      3     9      13      6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10       6    8      18      15      12     10   18       4     8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      N.                 N.                                              S.
       Name of candidate         Nev.  N.H.   N.J.   Mex.   N.Y.  N.C.  Dak.  Ohio   Okla.  Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.  Dak.  Tenn.  Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.  Wis.  Wyo.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Calvin Coolidge, of             3     4     14      3     45  ....     5    24  ......     5      38      5  .....     5  .....  ....       4    4  ...       7        8  ....     3     382
     Massachusetts............
    John W. Davis, of West      .....  ....  .....  .....  .....    12  ....  ....      10  .....  .....  .....      9  ....     12    20  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  ....  ....     136
     Virginia.................
    Robert M. La Follette, of   .....  ....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ....  ....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  .....  ....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......    13  ....      13
     Wisconsin................
                               =================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles G. Dawes, of            3     4     14      3     45  ....     5    24  ......     5      38      5  .....     5  .....  ....       4    4  ...       7        8  ....     3     382
     Illinois.................
    Charles W. Bryan, of        .....  ....  .....  .....  .....    12  ....  ....      10  .....  .....  .....      9  ....     12    20  ......  ...   12  ......  .......  ....  ....     136
     Nebraska.................
    Burton K. Wheeler, of       .....  ....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ....  ....  ......  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  .....  ....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......    13  ....      13
     Montana..................
                               =================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote....      3     4     14      3     45    12     5    24      10     5      38      5      9     5     12    20       4    4   12       7        8    13     3     531
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1941]
                                                                  [1941]

[[Page 698]]

            1941

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-SIXTH TERM, 1929-1933
                                                                                      Herbert C. Hoover, President; Charles Curtis, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Name of candidate                       Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.  Nebr.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Herbert C. Hoover, of California........................  ....      3  ....      13       6       7     3     6  ...       4    29     15      13      10   13  ...        6    8  ......      15      12  .....   18       4     8
    Alfred E. Smith, of New York............................    12  .....     9  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  .......  ...      18  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .....
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles Curtis, of Kansas...............................  ....      3  ....      13       6       7     3     6  ...       4    29     15      13      10   13  ...        6    8  ......      15      12  .....   18       4     8
    Joseph T. Robinson, of Arkansas.........................    12  .....     9  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....   14  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  .......  ...      18  ......  ......     10  ...  ......  .....
                                                             ===========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote..................................    12      3     9      13       6       7     3     6   14       4    29     15      13      10   13   10        6    8      18      15      12     10   18       4     8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     N.                  N.                                             S.
      Name of candidate         Nev.  N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.  N.C.  Dak.  Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.  Dak.  Tenn.  Tex.   Utah  Vt.   Va.    Wash.   W. Va.  Wis.  Wyo.   Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Herbert C. Hoover, of          3     4     14       3     45    12     5    24     10     5      38  .....  .....     5     12    20      4    4     12       7        8    13     3     444
     California..............
    Alfred E. Smith, of New    .....  ....  .....  ......  .....  ....  ....  ....  .....  .....  .....      5      9  ....  .....  ....  .....  ...  .....  ......  .......  ....  ....      87
     York....................
                              ==================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Charles Curtis, of Kansas      3     4     14       3     45    12     5    24     10     5      38  .....  .....     5     12    20      4    4     12       7        8    13     3     444
    Joseph T. Robinson, of     .....  ....  .....  ......  .....  ....  ....  ....  .....  .....  .....      5      9  ....  .....  ....  .....  ...  .....  ......  .......  ....  ....      87
     Arkansas................
                              ==================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote...      3     4     14       3     45    12     5    24     10     5      38      5      9     5     12    20      4    4     12       7        8    13     8     531
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1942]
                                                                  [1942]

[[Page 699]]

            1942

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-SEVENTH TERM, 1933-1937
                                                                                    Franklin D. Roosevelt, President; John N. Garner, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York...........................    11      3     9      22       6  .......  ....     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10  .......    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
    Herbert C. Hoover, of California.............................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......        8     3  ....  ...  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John N. Garner, of Texas.....................................    11      3     9      22       6  .......  ....     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10  .......    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
    Charles Curtis, of Kansas....................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......        8     3  ....  ...  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......................................    11      3     9      22       6        8     3     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10        5    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                             N.                  N.                                              S.
                       Name of candidate                        Nebr.   Nev.  N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.  N.C.  Dak.  Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.   Pa.    R.I.   S.C.   Dak.  Tenn.  Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.  Wis.  Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York........................     7       3  ....     16       3     47    13     4    26     11     5   .....      4      8      4    11     23       4  ...   11       8        8    12     3     472
    Herbert C. Hoover, of California..........................  .....  .....     4  .....  ......  .....  ....  ....  ....  .....  .....     36  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  ....  ....      59
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John N. Garner, of Texas..................................     7       3  ....     16       3     47    13     4    26     11     5   .....      4      8      4    11     23       4  ...   11       8        8    12     3     472
    Charles Curtis, of Kansas.................................  .....  .....     4  .....  ......  .....  ....  ....  ....  .....  .....     36  .....  .....  .....  .....  ....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  ....  ....      59
                                                               =========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote....................................     7       3     4     16       3     47    13     4    26     11     5      36      4      8      4    11     23       4    3   11       8        8    12     3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1943]
                                                                  [1943]

[[Page 700]]

            1943

                                                                                             ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-EIGHTH TERM, 1937-1941
                                                                                    Franklin D. Roosevelt, President; John N. Garner, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York...........................    11      3     9      22       6        8     3     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10  .......    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
    Alfred M. Landon, of Kansas..................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John N. Garner, of Texas.....................................    11      3     9      22       6        8     3     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10  .......    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
    Frank Knox, of Illinois......................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......................................    11      3     9      22       6        8     3     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10        5    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       N.                    N.                                            S.
                   Name of candidate                     Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.    Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.   Dak.    Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York................       7      3      4     16       3     47     13       4     26     11      5   36     4     8       4      11     23       4  ...   11       8        8     12       3     523
    Alfred M. Landon, of Kansas.......................  ......  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ......  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......       8
                                                       =================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    John N. Garner, of Texas..........................       7      3      4     16       3     47     13       4     26     11      5   36     4     8       4      11     23       4  ...   11       8        8     12       3     523
    Frank Knox, of Illinois...........................  ......  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  ......  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......       8
                                                       =================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote............................       7      3      4     16       3     47     13       4     26     11      5   36     4     8       4      11     23       4    3   11       8        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1944]
                                                                  [1944]

[[Page 701]]

            1944

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE THIRTY-NINTH TERM, 1941-1945
                                                                                   Franklin D. Roosevelt, President; Henry A. Wallace, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York...........................    11      3     9      22  ......        8     3     7   12        4    29  .....  ......  ......   11   10  .......    8      17  ......      11      9   15       4
    Wendell L. Willkie, of New York..............................  ....  .....  ....  ......       6  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....     14      11       9  ...  ...        5  ...  ......      19  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Henry A. Wallace, of Iowa....................................    11      3     9      22  ......        8     3     7   12        4    29  .....  ......  ......   11   10  .......    8      17  ......      11      9   15       4
    Charles L. McNary, of Oregon.................................  ....  .....  ....  ......       6  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....     14      11       9  ...  ...        5  ...  ......      19  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......................................    11      3     9      22       6        8     3     7   12        4    29     14      11       9   11   10        5    8      17      19      11      9   15       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       N.                    N.                                            S.
                   Name of candidate                     Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   Mex.    N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.    Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.   Dak.    Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York................  ......      3      4     16       3     47     13  ......     26     11      5   36     4     8  ......      11     23       4  ...   11       8        8     12       3     449
    Wendell L. Willkie, of New York...................       7  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....       4  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....       4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      82
                                                       =================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Henry A. Wallace, of Iowa.........................  ......      3      4     16       3     47     13  ......     26     11      5   36     4     8  ......      11     23       4  ...   11       9        9     12       3     449
    Charles L. McNary, of Oregon......................       7  .....  .....  .....  ......  .....  .....       4  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....       4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      82
                                                       =================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote............................       7      3      4     16       3     47     13       4     26     11      5   36     4     8       4      11     23       4    3   11       8        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1945]
                                                                  [1945]

[[Page 702]]

            1945

                                                                                                ELECTION FOR THE FORTIETH TERM, 1945-1949
                                                                                   Franklin D. Roosevelt,* President; Harry S. Truman, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Name of candidate                          Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.   Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York...........................    11      4     9      25  ......        8     3     8   12        4    28  .....  ......  ......   11   10  .......    8      16      19      11      9   15       4
    Thomas E. Dewey, of New York.................................  ....  .....  ....  ......       6  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....     13      10       8  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Harry S. Truman, of Missouri.................................    11      4     9      25  ......        8     3     8   12        4    28  .....  ......  ......   11   10  .......    8      16      19      11      9   15       4
    John W. Bricker, of Ohio.....................................  ....  .....  ....  ......       6  .......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ....     13      10       8  ...  ...        5  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
                                                                  ======================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.......................................    11      4     9      25       6        8     3     8   12        4    28     13      10       8   11   10        5    8      16      19      11      9   15       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Name of candidate                    Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.  N. Mex.   N.Y.   N.C.  N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York.............  ......      3      4     16        4     47     14  .......  .....     10      6   35     4     8  .......      12     23       4  ...   11       8        8  .....  ......     432
    Thomas E. Dewey, of New York...................       6  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        4     25  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....        4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......     12       3      99
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Harry S. Truman, of Missouri...................  ......      3      4     16        4     47     14  .......  .....     10      6   35     4     8  .......      12     23       4  ...   11       8        8  .....  ......     432
    John W. Bricker, of Ohio.......................       6  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....        4     25  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....        4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......     12       3      99
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................       6      3      4     16        4     47     14        4     25     10      6   35     4     8        4      12     23       4    3   11       8        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Franklin D. Roosevelt, the thirty-first President of the United States, died on April 12, 1945. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Harry S. Truman, he accordingly took the oath
  of office at Washington, D.C., on April 12, 1945.

            [1946]
                                                                  [1946]

[[Page 703]]

            1946

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-FIRST TERM, 1949-1953
                                                                                      Harry S. Truman, President; Alben W. Barkley, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Name of candidate                           Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Harry S. Truman, of Missouri...................................  ....      4     9      25       6  ......  ....     8   12       4    28  .....      10  ......   11  ...  .......  ...      16  ......      11  .....   15       4
    Thomas E. Dewey, of New York...................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......       8     3  ....  ...  ......  ....     13  ......       8  ...  ...        5    8  ......      19  ......  .....  ...  ......
    J. Strom Thurmond, of South Carolina...........................    11  .....  ....  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......      9  ...  ......
                                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Alben W. Barkley, of Kentucky..................................  ....      4     9      25       6  ......  ....     8   12       4    28  .....      10  ......   11  ...  .......  ...      16  ......      11  .....   15       4
    Earl Warren, of California.....................................  ....  .....  ....  ......  ......       8     3  ....  ...  ......  ....     13  ......       8  ...  ...        5    8  ......      19  ......  .....  ...  ......
    Fielding L. Wright, of Mississippi.............................    11  .....  ....  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......      9  ...  ......
                                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................................    11      4     9      25       6       8     3     8   12       4    28     13      10       8   11   10        5    8      16      19      11      9   15       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Name of candidate                    Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.  N. Mex.   N.Y.   N.C.  N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Harry S. Truman, of Missouri...................  ......      3  .....  .....        4  .....     14  .......     25     10  .....  ...     4  ....  .......      11     23       4  ...   11       8        8     12       3     303
    Thomas E. Dewey, of New York...................       6  .....      4     16  .......     47  .....        4  .....  .....      6   35  ....  ....        4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......     189
    J. Strom Thurmond, of South Carolina...........  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......       1  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      39
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Alben W. Barkley, of Kentucky..................  ......      3  .....  .....        4  .....     14  .......     25     10  .....  ...     4  ....  .......      11     23       4  ...   11       8        8     12       3     303
    Earl Warren, of California.....................       6  .....      4     16  .......     47  .....        4  .....  .....      6   35  ....  ....        4  ......  .....  ......    3  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......     189
    Fielding L. Wright, of Mississippi.............  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......       1  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      39
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................       6      3      4     16        4     47     14        4     25     10      6   35     4     8        4      12     23       4    3   11       8        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1947]
                                                                  [1947]

[[Page 704]]

            1947

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-SECOND TERM, 1953-1957
                                                                                    Dwight D. Eisenhower, President; Richard M. Nixon, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Name of candidate                          Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.   Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho   Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine   Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Dwight D. Eisenhower, of New York.............................  ....      4  ....      32       6       8     3    10  ...        4    27     13      10       8  ...  ...        5    9      16      20      11  .....   13       4
    Adlai Stevenson, of Illinois..................................    11  .....     8  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....   12  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......   10   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......      8  ...  ......
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Richard M. Nixon, of California...............................  ....      4  ....      32       6       8     3    10  ...        4    27     13      10       8  ...  ...        5    9      16      20      11  .....   13       4
    John Sparkman, of Alabama.....................................    11  .....     8  ......  ......  ......  ....  ....   12  .......  ....  .....  ......  ......   10   10  .......  ...  ......  ......  ......      8  ...  ......
                                                                   =====================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote........................................    11      4     8      32       6       8     3    10   12        4    27     13      10       8   10   10        5    9      16      20      11      8   13       4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Name of candidate                    Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   N. Mex   N.Y.   N.C.  N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Dwight D. Eisenhower, of New York..............       6      3      4     16        4     45  .....        4     25      8      6   32     4  ....        4      11     24       4    3   12       9  .......     12       3     442
    Adlai Stevenson, of Illinois...................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....     14  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......        8  .....  ......      89
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Richard M. Nixon, of California................       6      3      4     16        4     45  .....        4     25      8      6   32     4  ....        4      11     24       4    3   12       9  .......     12       3     442
    John Sparkman, of Alabama......................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....     14  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......        8  .....  ......      89
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................       6      3      4     16        4     45     14        4     25      8      6   32     4     8        4      11     24       4    3   12       9        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1948]
                                                                  [1948]

[[Page 705]]

            1948

                                                                          ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-THIRD TERM, 1957-1961
                                                                Dwight D. Eisenhower, President; Richard M. Nixon, Vice President
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Name of candidate        Ala.  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.  Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Idaho  Ill.   Ind.   Iowa    Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine  Md.   Mass.   Mich.   Minn.  Miss.  Mo.   Mont.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Dwight D. Eisenhower, of   ....      4  ....      32      6       8     3    10  ...       4    27     13      10       8   10   10       5    9      16      20      11  .....  ...       4
     Pennsylvania............
    Adlai Stevenson, of          10  .....     8  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....   12  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......      8   13  ......
     Illinois................
    Walter B. Jones, of           1  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
     Alabama.................
                              ==================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Richard M. Nixon, of       ....      4  ....      32      6       8     3    10  ...       4    27     13      10       8   10   10       5    9      16      20      11  .....  ...       4
     California..............
    Estes Kefauver, of           10  .....     8  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....   12  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......      8   13  ......
     Tennessee...............
    Herman Talmadge, of           1  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  ......  ....  .....  ......  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  ......  ......  ......  .....  ...  ......
     Georgia.................
                              ==================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote...    11      4     8      32      6       8     3    10   12       4    27     13      10       8   10   10       5    9      16      20      11      8   13       4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Name of candidate                    Nebr.   Nev.   N.H.   N.J.  N. Mex.   N.Y.   N.C.  N. Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.  S. Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah   Vt.  Va.   Wash.   W. Va.   Wis.   Wyo.    Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    Dwight D. Eisenhower, of Pennsylvania..........       6      3      4     16        4     45  .....        4     25      8      6   32     4  ....        4      11     24       4    3   12       9        8     12       3     457
    Adlai Stevenson, of Illinois...................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....     14  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      73
    Walter B. Jones, of Alabama....................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......       1
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Richard M. Nixon, of California................       6      3      4     16        4     45  .....        4     25      8      6   32     4  ....        4      11     24       4    3   12       9        8     12       3     457
    Estes Kefauver, of Tennessee...................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....     14  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....     8  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......      73
    Herman Talmadge, of Georgia....................  ......  .....  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .......  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  .......  ......  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  .......  .....  ......       1
                                                    ====================================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.........................       6      3      4     16        4     45     14        4     25      8      6   32     4     8        4      11     24       4    3   12       9        8     12       3     531
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1949]
                                                                  [1949]

[[Page 706]]

            1949

                                                                                              ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-FOURTH TERM, 1961-1965
                                                                                     John F. Kennedy,* President; Lyndon B. Johnson, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Name of candidate                      Ala.   Alaska  Ariz.  Ark.  Calif.  Colo.   Conn.  Del.  Fla.  Ga.   Hawaii   Idaho  Ill.  Ind.   Iowa   Kans.  Ky.  La.   Maine  Md.  Mass.  Mich.  Minn.  Miss.  Mo.  Mont.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    John F. Kennedy, of Massachusetts....................     5  .......  .....     8  ......  .....       8     3  ....   12        3  ......    27  ....  .....  ......  ...   10  ......    9     16     20     11  .....   13  .....
    Richard M. Nixon, of California......................  ....        3      4  ....      32      6  ......  ....    10  ...  .......       4  ....    13     10       8   10  ...       5  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  ...  .....
    Harry F. Byrd, of Virginia...........................     6  .......  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ......  ....  ....  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....      8  ...  .....
                                                          ==============================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Lyndon B. Johnson, of Texas..........................     5  .......  .....     8  ......  .....       8     3  ....   12        3  ......    27  ....  .....  ......  ...   10  ......    9     16     20     11  .....   13  .....
    Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts..................  ....        3      4  ....      32      6  ......  ....    10  ...  .......       4  ....    13     10       8   10  ...       5  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  ...      4
    Strom Thurmond, of South Carolina....................     6  .......  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ......  ....  ....  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....      8  ...  .....
    Barry Goldwater, of Arizona..........................  ....  .......  .....  ....  ......  .....  ......  ....  ....  ...  .......  ......  ....  ....  .....  ......  ...  ...  ......  ...  .....  .....  .....  .....  ...  .....
                                                          ==============================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote...............................    11        3      4     8      32      6       8     3    10   12        3       4    27    13     10       8   10   10       5    9     16     20     11      8   13      4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              N.                   N.                                           S.                                             W.
                       Name of candidate                         Nebr.  Nev.   N.H.   N.J.   Mex.   N.Y.   N.C.   Dak.   Ohio  Okla.  Oreg.  Pa.  R.I.  S.C.   Dak.   Tenn.   Tex.   Utah  Vt.  Va.   Wash.   Va.    Wis.   Wyo.   Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For President:
    John F. Kennedy, of Massachusetts..........................  .....     3  .....     16      4     45     14  .....  .....  .....  .....   32     4     8  .....  ......     24  .....  ...  ...  ......      8  .....  .....     303
    Richard M. Nixon, of California............................      6  ....      4  .....  .....  .....  .....      4     25      7      6  ...  ....  ....      4      11  .....      4    3   12       9  .....     12      3     219
    Harry F. Byrd, of Virginia.................................  .....  ....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      1  .....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ...  ...  ......  .....  .....  .....      15
                                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================
For Vice President:
    Lyndon B. Johnson, of Texas................................  .....     3  .....     16      4     45     14  .....  .....  .....  .....   32     4     8  .....  ......     24  .....  ...  ...  ......      8  .....  .....     303
    Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts........................      6  ....      4  .....  .....  .....  .....      4     25      7      6  ...  ....  ....      4      11  .....      4    3   12       9  .....     12      3     219
    Strom Thurmond, of South Carolina..........................  .....  ....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ...  ...  ......  .....  .....  .....      14
    Barry Goldwater, of Arizona................................  .....  ....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      1  .....  ...  ....  ....  .....  ......  .....  .....  ...  ...  ......  .....  .....  .....       1
                                                                ========================================================================================================================================================================
      Total electoral vote.....................................      6     3      4     16      4     45     14      4     25      8      6   32     4     8      4      11     24      4    3   12       9      8     12      3     537
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fourth President of the United States, was assassinated on November 22, 1963. The duties of the Presidential office devolving, in this event, upon the Vice President, Lyndon B. Johnson, he accordingly
  took the oath of office at Dallas, Tex., on November 22, 1963.

                  electoral votes for president and vice president
            electoral votes for president and vice president

            electoral votes for president and vice president

[[Page 707]]

            ____________________________________________________________

            [1950]
                                                                  [1950]
      1950

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-FIFTH TERM, 1965-1969
                        Lyndon B. Johnson, President; Hubert H. Humphrey, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 For President            For Vice President
                                              Electoral  -------------------------------------------------------
                   State                       vote of      Lyndon B.     Barry M.      Hubert H.    William E.
                                              each State   Johnson, of   Goldwater,   Humphrey, of   Miller, of
                                                              Texas      of Arizona     Minnesota     New York
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama....................................           10  ............            10  ............            10
Alaska.....................................            3             3  ............             3  ............
Arizona....................................            5  ............             5  ............             5
Arkansas...................................            6             6  ............             6  ............
California.................................           40            40  ............            40  ............
Colorado...................................            6             6  ............             6  ............
Connecticut................................            8             8  ............             8  ............
Delaware...................................            3             3  ............             3  ............
District of Columbia.......................            3             3  ............             3  ............
Florida....................................           14            14  ............            14  ............
Georgia....................................           12  ............            12  ............            12
Hawaii.....................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Idaho......................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Illinois...................................           26            26  ............            26  ............
Indiana....................................           13            13  ............            13  ............
Iowa.......................................            9             9  ............             9  ............
Kansas.....................................            7             7  ............             7  ............
Kentucky...................................            9             9  ............             9  ............
Louisiana..................................           10  ............            10  ............            10
Maine......................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Maryland...................................           10            10  ............            10  ............
Massachusetts..............................           14            14  ............            14  ............
Michigan...................................           21            21  ............            21  ............
Minnesota..................................           10            10  ............            10  ............
Mississippi................................            7  ............             7  ............             7
Missouri...................................           12            12  ............            12  ............
Montana....................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Nebraska...................................            5             5  ............             5  ............
Nevada.....................................            3             3  ............             3  ............
New Hampshire..............................            4             4  ............             4  ............
New Jersey.................................           17            17  ............            17  ............
New Mexico.................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
New York...................................           43            43  ............            43  ............
North Carolina.............................           13            13  ............            13  ............
North Dakota...............................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Ohio.......................................           26            26  ............            26  ............
Oklahoma...................................            8             8  ............             8  ............
Oregon.....................................            6             6  ............             6  ............
Pennsylvania...............................           29            29  ............            29  ............
Rhode Island...............................            4             4  ............             4  ............
South Carolina.............................            8  ............             8  ............             8
South Dakota...............................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Tennessee..................................           11            11  ............            11  ............
Texas......................................           25            25  ............            25  ............
Utah.......................................            4             4  ............             4  ............
Vermont....................................            3             3  ............             3  ............
Virginia...................................           12            12  ............            12  ............
Washington.................................            9             9  ............             9  ............
West Virginia..............................            7             7  ............             7  ............
Wisconsin..................................           12            12  ............            12  ............
Wyoming....................................            3             3  ............             3  ............
                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total................................          538           486            52           486            52
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1951]
                                                                  [1951]

[[Page 708]]

      1951

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-SIXTH TERM, 1969-1973
                           Richard M. Nixon, President; Spiro T. Agnew, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           For President                For Vice President
                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Electoral   Richard
                State                   vote of      M.     Hubert H.  George C.  Spiro T.   Edmund    Curtis E.
                                          each     Nixon,   Humphrey,   Wallace,   Agnew,      S.      LeMay, of
                                         State     of New       of         of        of      Muskie,  California
                                                    York    Minnesota   Alabama   Maryland  of Maine
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama..............................         10  ........  .........         10  ........  ........         10
Alaska...............................          3         3  .........  .........         3  ........  ..........
Arizona..............................          5         5  .........  .........         5  ........  ..........
Arkansas.............................          6  ........  .........          6  ........  ........          6
California...........................         40        40  .........  .........        40  ........  ..........
Colorado.............................          6         6  .........  .........         6  ........  ..........
Connecticut..........................          8  ........          8  .........  ........         8  ..........
Delaware.............................          3         3  .........  .........         3  ........  ..........
District of Columbia.................          3  ........          3  .........  ........         3  ..........
Florida..............................         14        14  .........  .........        14  ........  ..........
Georgia..............................         12  ........  .........         12  ........  ........         12
Hawaii...............................          4  ........          4  .........  ........         4  ..........
Idaho................................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
Illinois.............................         26        26  .........  .........        26  ........  ..........
Indiana..............................         13        13  .........  .........        13  ........  ..........
Iowa.................................          9         9  .........  .........         9  ........  ..........
Kansas...............................          7         7  .........  .........         7  ........  ..........
Kentucky.............................          9         9  .........  .........         9  ........  ..........
Louisiana............................         10  ........  .........         10  ........  ........         10
Maine................................          4  ........          4  .........  ........         4  ..........
Maryland.............................         10  ........         10  .........  ........        10  ..........
Massachusetts........................         14  ........         14  .........  ........        14  ..........
Michigan.............................         21  ........         21  .........  ........        21  ..........
Minnesota............................         10  ........         10  .........  ........        10  ..........
Mississippi..........................          7  ........  .........          7  ........  ........          7
Missouri.............................         12        12  .........  .........        12  ........  ..........
Montana..............................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
Nebraska.............................          5         5  .........  .........         5  ........  ..........
Nevada...............................          3         3  .........  .........         3  ........  ..........
New Hampshire........................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
New Jersey...........................         17        17  .........  .........        17  ........  ..........
New Mexico...........................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
New York.............................         43  ........         43  .........  ........        43  ..........
North Carolina.......................         13        12  .........          1        12  ........          1
North Dakota.........................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
Ohio.................................         26        26  .........  .........        26  ........  ..........
Oklahoma.............................          8         8  .........  .........         8  ........  ..........
Oregon...............................          6         6  .........  .........         6  ........  ..........
Pennsylvania.........................         29  ........         29  .........  ........        29  ..........
Rhode Island.........................          4  ........          4  .........  ........         4  ..........
South Carolina.......................          8         8  .........  .........         8  ........  ..........
South Dakota.........................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
Tennessee............................         11        11  .........  .........        11  ........  ..........
Texas................................         25  ........         25  .........  ........        25  ..........
Utah.................................          4         4  .........  .........         4  ........  ..........
Vermont..............................          3         3  .........  .........         3  ........  ..........
Virginia.............................         12        12  .........  .........        12  ........  ..........
Washington...........................          9  ........          9  .........  ........         9  ..........
West Virginia........................          7  ........          7  .........  ........         7  ..........
Wisconsin............................         12        12  .........  .........        12  ........  ..........
Wyoming..............................          3         3  .........  .........         3  ........  ..........
                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total..........................        538       301        191         46       301       191         46
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1952]
                                                                  [1952]

[[Page 709]]

      1952

                               ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-SEVENTH TERM, 1973-1977 \1\
                           Richard M. Nixon, President; Spiro T. Agnew, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          For President                  For Vice President
                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Electoral                                                   R.
              States                 votes of  Richard M.    George       John     Spiro T.   Sargent   Theodora
                                       each     Nixon, of   McGovern,   Hospers,    Agnew,   Shriver,   Nathan,
                                      State    California   of South       of         of        of     of Oregon
                                                             Dakota    California  Maryland  Maryland
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama...........................         9            9  ..........  ..........         9  ........  .........
Alaska............................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
Arizona...........................         6            6  ..........  ..........         6  ........  .........
Arkansas..........................         6            6  ..........  ..........         6  ........  .........
California........................        45           45  ..........  ..........        45  ........  .........
Colorado..........................         7            7  ..........  ..........         7  ........  .........
Connecticut.......................         8            8  ..........  ..........         8  ........  .........
Delaware..........................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
District of Columbia..............         3   ..........           3  ..........  ........         3  .........
Florida...........................        17           17  ..........  ..........        17  ........  .........
Georgia...........................        12           12  ..........  ..........        12  ........  .........
Hawaii............................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Idaho.............................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Illinois..........................        26           26  ..........  ..........        26  ........  .........
Indiana...........................        13           13  ..........  ..........        13  ........  .........
Iowa..............................         8            8  ..........  ..........         8  ........  .........
Kansas............................         7            7  ..........  ..........         7  ........  .........
Kentucky..........................         9            9  ..........  ..........         9  ........  .........
Louisiana.........................        10           10  ..........  ..........        10  ........  .........
Maine.............................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Maryland..........................        10           10  ..........  ..........        10  ........  .........
Massachusetts.....................        14   ..........          14  ..........  ........        14  .........
Michigan..........................        21           21  ..........  ..........        21  ........  .........
Minnesota.........................        10           10  ..........  ..........        10  ........  .........
Mississippi.......................         7            7  ..........  ..........         7  ........  .........
Missouri..........................        12           12  ..........  ..........        12  ........  .........
Montana...........................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Nebraska..........................         5            5  ..........  ..........         5  ........  .........
Nevada............................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
New Hampshire.....................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
New Jersey........................        17           17  ..........  ..........        17  ........  .........
New Mexico........................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
New York..........................        41           41  ..........  ..........        41  ........  .........
North Carolina....................        13           13  ..........  ..........        13  ........  .........
North Dakota......................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
Ohio..............................        25           25  ..........  ..........        25  ........  .........
Oklahoma..........................         8            8  ..........  ..........         8  ........  .........
Oregon............................         6            6  ..........  ..........         6  ........  .........
Pennsylvania......................        27           27  ..........  ..........        27  ........  .........
Rhode Island......................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
South Carolina....................         8            8  ..........  ..........         8  ........  .........
South Dakota......................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Tennessee.........................        10           10  ..........  ..........        10  ........  .........
Texas.............................        26           26  ..........  ..........        26  ........  .........
Utah..............................         4            4  ..........  ..........         4  ........  .........
Vermont...........................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
Virginia..........................        12           11  ..........           1        11  ........          1
Washington........................         9            9  ..........  ..........         9  ........  .........
West Virginia.....................         6            6  ..........  ..........         6  ........  .........
Wisconsin.........................        11           11  ..........  ..........        11  ........  .........
Wyoming...........................         3            3  ..........  ..........         3  ........  .........
                                   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.......................       538          520          17           1       520        17          1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Spiro T. Agnew resigned as Vice President on Oct. 10, 1973. Gerald R. Ford was sworn in as Vice President on
  Dec. 6, 1973. Richard M. Nixon resigned as President on Aug. 9, 1974, and Gerald R. Ford was sworn in as
  President on the same date. Nelson A. Rockefeller was sworn in as Vice President on Dec. 19, 1974.

            [1953]
                                                                  [1953]

[[Page 710]]

      1953

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-EIGHTH TERM, 1977-1981
                           Jimmy Carter, President; Walter F. Mondale, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             For President                 For Vice President
                                      Electoral ----------------------------------------------------------------
               States                  votes of     Jimmy      Gerald R.      Ronald     Walter F.      Robert
                                         each     Carter, of    Ford, of    Reagan, of  Mondale, of    Dole, of
                                        State      Georgia      Michigan    California   Minnesota      Kansas
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama.............................         9             9  ...........  ...........            9  ...........
Alaska..............................         3   ...........            3  ...........  ...........            3
Arizona.............................         6   ...........            6  ...........  ...........            6
Arkansas............................         6             6  ...........  ...........            6  ...........
California..........................        45   ...........           45  ...........  ...........           45
Colorado............................         7   ...........            7  ...........  ...........            7
Connecticut.........................         8   ...........            8  ...........  ...........            8
Delaware............................         3             3  ...........  ...........            3  ...........
District of Columbia................         3             3  ...........  ...........            3  ...........
Florida.............................        17            17  ...........  ...........           17  ...........
Georgia.............................        12            12  ...........  ...........           12  ...........
Hawaii..............................         4             4  ...........  ...........            4  ...........
Idaho...............................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
Illinois............................        26   ...........           26  ...........  ...........           26
Indiana.............................        13   ...........           13  ...........  ...........           13
Iowa................................         8   ...........            8  ...........  ...........            8
Kansas..............................         7   ...........            7  ...........  ...........            7
Kentucky............................         9             9  ...........  ...........            9  ...........
Louisiana...........................        10            10  ...........  ...........           10  ...........
Maine...............................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
Maryland............................        10            10  ...........  ...........           10  ...........
Massachusetts.......................        14            14  ...........  ...........           14  ...........
Michigan............................        21   ...........           21  ...........  ...........           21
Minnesota...........................        10            10  ...........  ...........           10  ...........
Mississippi.........................         7             7  ...........  ...........            7  ...........
Missouri............................        12            12  ...........  ...........           12  ...........
Montana.............................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
Nebraska............................         5   ...........            5  ...........  ...........            5
Nevada..............................         3   ...........            3  ...........  ...........            3
New Hampshire.......................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
New Jersey..........................        17   ...........           17  ...........  ...........           17
New Mexico..........................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
New York............................        41            41  ...........  ...........           41  ...........
North Carolina......................        13            13  ...........  ...........           13  ...........
North Dakota........................         3   ...........            3  ...........  ...........            3
Ohio................................        25            25  ...........  ...........           25  ...........
Oklahoma............................         8   ...........            8  ...........  ...........            8
Oregon..............................         6   ...........            6  ...........  ...........            6
Pennsylvania........................        27            27  ...........  ...........           27  ...........
Rhode Island........................         4             4  ...........  ...........            4  ...........
South Carolina......................         8             8  ...........  ...........            8  ...........
South Dakota........................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
Tennessee...........................        10            10  ...........  ...........           10  ...........
Texas...............................        26            26  ...........  ...........           26  ...........
Utah................................         4   ...........            4  ...........  ...........            4
Vermont.............................         3   ...........            3  ...........  ...........            3
Virginia............................        12   ...........           12  ...........  ...........           12
Washington..........................         9   ...........            8            1  ...........            9
West Virginia.......................         6             6  ...........  ...........            6  ...........
Wisconsin...........................        11            11  ...........  ...........           11  ...........
Wyoming.............................         3   ...........            3  ...........  ...........            3
                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................       538           297          240            1          297          241
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1954]
                                                                  [1954]

[[Page 711]]

      1954

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FORTY-NINTH TERM, 1981-1985
                              Ronald Reagan, President; George Bush, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    For President          For Vice President
                                                  Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------
                     States                        votes of      Ronald       Jimmy        George     Walter F.
                                                  each State   Reagan, of   Carter, of    Bush, of   Mondale, of
                                                               California    Georgia       Texas      Minnesota
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Alaska.........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Arizona........................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
Arkansas.......................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
California.....................................           45           45  ...........           45  ...........
Colorado.......................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Connecticut....................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Delaware.......................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
District of Columbia...........................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Florida........................................           17           17  ...........           17  ...........
Georgia........................................           12  ...........           12  ...........           12
Hawaii.........................................            4  ...........            4  ...........            4
Idaho..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Illinois.......................................           26           26  ...........           26  ...........
Indiana........................................           13           13  ...........           13  ...........
Iowa...........................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Kansas.........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Kentucky.......................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Louisiana......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Maine..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Maryland.......................................           10  ...........           10  ...........           10
Massachusetts..................................           14           14  ...........           14  ...........
Michigan.......................................           21           21  ...........           21  ...........
Minnesota......................................           10  ...........           10  ...........           10
Mississippi....................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Missouri.......................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Montana........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Nebraska.......................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
Nevada.........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
New Hampshire..................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Jersey.....................................           17           17  ...........           17  ...........
New Mexico.....................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New York.......................................           41           41  ...........           41  ...........
North Carolina.................................           13           13  ...........           13  ...........
North Dakota...................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Ohio...........................................           25           25  ...........           25  ...........
Oklahoma.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Oregon.........................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
Pennsylvania...................................           27           27  ...........           27  ...........
Rhode Island...................................            4  ...........            4  ...........            4
South Carolina.................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
South Dakota...................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Tennessee......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Texas..........................................           26           26  ...........           26  ...........
Utah...........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Vermont........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Virginia.......................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Washington.....................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
West Virginia..................................            6  ...........            6  ...........            6
Wisconsin......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Wyoming........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................................          538          489           49          489           49
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1955]
                                                                  [1955]

[[Page 712]]

      1955

                                    ELECTION FOR THE FIFTIETH TERM, 1985-1989
                              Ronald Reagan, President; George Bush, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    For President          For Vice President
                                                  Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------
                     States                        votes of      Ronald     Walter F.      George     Geraldine
                                                  each State   Reagan, of  Mondale, of    Bush, of   A. Ferraro,
                                                               California   Minnesota      Texas     of New York
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Alaska.........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Arizona........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Arkansas.......................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
California.....................................           47           47  ...........           47  ...........
Colorado.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Connecticut....................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Delaware.......................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
District of Columbia...........................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Florida........................................           21           21  ...........           21  ...........
Georgia........................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Hawaii.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Idaho..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Illinois.......................................           24           24  ...........           24  ...........
Indiana........................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Iowa...........................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Kansas.........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Kentucky.......................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Louisiana......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Maine..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Maryland.......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Massachusetts..................................           13           13  ...........           13  ...........
Michigan.......................................           20           20  ...........           20  ...........
Minnesota......................................           10  ...........           10  ...........           10
Mississippi....................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Missouri.......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Montana........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Nebraska.......................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
Nevada.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Hampshire..................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Jersey.....................................           16           16  ...........           16  ...........
New Mexico.....................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
New York.......................................           36           36  ...........           36  ...........
North Carolina.................................           13           13  ...........           13  ...........
North Dakota...................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Ohio...........................................           23           23  ...........           23  ...........
Oklahoma.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Oregon.........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Pennsylvania...................................           25           25  ...........           25  ...........
Rhode Island...................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
South Carolina.................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
South Dakota...................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Tennessee......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Texas..........................................           29           29  ...........           29  ...........
Utah...........................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
Vermont........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Virginia.......................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Washington.....................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
West Virginia..................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
Wisconsin......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Wyoming........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................................          538          525           13          525           13
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1956]
                                                                  [1956]

[[Page 713]]

      1956

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-FIRST TERM, 1989-1993
                               George Bush, President; Dan Quayle, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       For President                    For Vice President
                                 Electoral ---------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  votes of                                         Dan     Lloyd
             States                 each      George     Michael S.     Lloyd     Quayle  Bentsen    Michael S.
                                   State     Bush of     Dukakis of    Bentsen      of       of      Dukakis of
                                              Texas    Massachusetts   of Texas  Indiana   Texas   Massachusetts
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................         9           9  .............  .........        9  .......  .............
Alaska.........................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
Arizona........................         7           7  .............  .........        7  .......  .............
Arkansas.......................         6           6  .............  .........        6  .......  .............
California.....................        47          47  .............  .........       47  .......  .............
Colorado.......................         8           8  .............  .........        8  .......  .............
Connecticut....................         8           8  .............  .........        8  .......  .............
Delaware.......................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
District of Columbia...........         3   .........             3   .........  .......        3  .............
Florida........................        21          21  .............  .........       21  .......  .............
Georgia........................        12          12  .............  .........       12  .......  .............
Hawaii.........................         4   .........             4   .........  .......        4  .............
Idaho..........................         4           4  .............  .........        4  .......  .............
Illinois.......................        24          24  .............  .........       24  .......  .............
Indiana........................        12          12  .............  .........       12  .......  .............
Iowa...........................         8   .........             8   .........  .......        8  .............
Kansas.........................         7           7  .............  .........        7  .......  .............
Kentucky.......................         9           9  .............  .........        9  .......  .............
Louisiana......................        10          10  .............  .........       10  .......  .............
Maine..........................         4           4  .............  .........        4  .......  .............
Maryland.......................        10          10  .............  .........       10  .......  .............
Massachusetts..................        13   .........            13   .........  .......       13  .............
Michigan.......................        20          20  .............  .........       20  .......  .............
Minnesota......................        10   .........            10   .........  .......       10  .............
Mississippi....................         7           7  .............  .........        7  .......  .............
Missouri.......................        11          11  .............  .........       11  .......  .............
Montana........................         4           4  .............  .........        4  .......  .............
Nebraska.......................         5           5  .............  .........        5  .......  .............
Nevada.........................         4           4  .............  .........        4  .......  .............
New Hampshire..................         4           4  .............  .........        4  .......  .............
New Jersey.....................        16          16  .............  .........       16  .......  .............
New Mexico.....................         5           5  .............  .........        5  .......  .............
New York.......................        36   .........            36   .........  .......       36  .............
North Carolina.................        13          13  .............  .........       13  .......  .............
North Dakota...................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
Ohio...........................        23          23  .............  .........       23  .......  .............
Oklahoma.......................         8           8  .............  .........        8  .......  .............
Oregon.........................         7   .........             7   .........  .......        7  .............
Pennsylvania...................        25          25  .............  .........       25  .......  .............
Rhode Island...................         4   .........             4   .........  .......        4  .............
South Carolina.................         8           8  .............  .........        8  .......  .............
South Dakota...................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
Tennessee......................        11          11  .............  .........       11  .......  .............
Texas..........................        29          29  .............  .........       29  .......  .............
Utah...........................         5           5  .............  .........        5  .......  .............
Vermont........................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
Virginia.......................        12          12  .............  .........       12  .......  .............
Washington.....................        10   .........            10   .........  .......       10  .............
West Virginia..................         6   .........             5           1  .......        5            1
Wisconsin......................        11   .........            11   .........  .......       11  .............
Wyoming........................         3           3  .............  .........        3  .......  .............
                                --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................       538         426           111           1      426      111            1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1957]
                                                                  [1957]

[[Page 714]]

      1957

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-SECOND TERM, 1993-1997
                         William J. Clinton, President; Albert Gore, Jr., Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    For President          For Vice President
                                                  Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------
                     States                        votes of       Bill
                                                  each State   Clinton of  George Bush   Al Gore of   Dan Quayle
                                                                Arkansas     of Texas    Tennessee    of Indiana
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................................            9  ...........            9  ...........            9
Alaska.........................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Arizona........................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
Arkansas.......................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
California.....................................           54           54  ...........           54  ...........
Colorado.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Connecticut....................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Delaware.......................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
District of Columbia...........................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Florida........................................           25  ...........           25  ...........           25
Georgia........................................           13           13  ...........           13  ...........
Hawaii.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Idaho..........................................            4  ...........            4  ...........            4
Illinois.......................................           22           22  ...........           22  ...........
Indiana........................................           12  ...........           12  ...........           12
Iowa...........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Kansas.........................................            6  ...........            6  ...........            6
Kentucky.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Louisiana......................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Maine..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Maryland.......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Massachusetts..................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Michigan.......................................           18           18  ...........           18  ...........
Minnesota......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Mississippi....................................            7  ...........            7  ...........            7
Missouri.......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Montana........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Nebraska.......................................            5  ...........            5  ...........            5
Nevada.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Hampshire..................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Jersey.....................................           15           15  ...........           15  ...........
New Mexico.....................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
New York.......................................           33           33  ...........           33  ...........
North Carolina.................................           14  ...........           14  ...........           14
North Dakota...................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Ohio...........................................           21           21  ...........           21  ...........
Oklahoma.......................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
Oregon.........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Pennsylvania...................................           23           23  ...........           23  ...........
Rhode Island...................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
South Carolina.................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
South Dakota...................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Tennessee......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Texas..........................................           32  ...........           32  ...........           32
Utah...........................................            5  ...........            5  ...........            5
Vermont........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Virginia.......................................           13  ...........           13  ...........           13
Washington.....................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
West Virginia..................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
Wisconsin......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Wyoming........................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................................          538          370          168          370          168
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1958]
                                                                  [1958]

[[Page 715]]

      1958

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-THIRD TERM, 1997-2001
                         William J. Clinton, President; Albert Gore, Jr., Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    For President          For Vice President
                                                  Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------
                     States                        votes of       Bill
                                                  each State   Clinton of  Bob Dole of   Al Gore of   Jack Kemp
                                                                Arkansas      Kansas     Tennessee   of New York
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................................            9  ...........            9  ...........            9
Alaska.........................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Arizona........................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Arkansas.......................................            6            6  ...........            6  ...........
California.....................................           54           54  ...........           54  ...........
Colorado.......................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
Connecticut....................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Delaware.......................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
District of Columbia...........................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Florida........................................           25           25  ...........           25  ...........
Georgia........................................           13  ...........           13  ...........           13
Hawaii.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Idaho..........................................            4  ...........            4  ...........            4
Illinois.......................................           22           22  ...........           22  ...........
Indiana........................................           12  ...........           12  ...........           12
Iowa...........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Kansas.........................................            6  ...........            6  ...........            6
Kentucky.......................................            8            8  ...........            8  ...........
Louisiana......................................            9            9  ...........            9  ...........
Maine..........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
Maryland.......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Massachusetts..................................           12           12  ...........           12  ...........
Michigan.......................................           18           18  ...........           18  ...........
Minnesota......................................           10           10  ...........           10  ...........
Mississippi....................................            7  ...........            7  ...........            7
Missouri.......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Montana........................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Nebraska.......................................            5  ...........            5  ...........            5
Nevada.........................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Hampshire..................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
New Jersey.....................................           15           15  ...........           15  ...........
New Mexico.....................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
New York.......................................           33           33  ...........           33  ...........
North Carolina.................................           14  ...........           14  ...........           14
North Dakota...................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Ohio...........................................           21           21  ...........           21  ...........
Oklahoma.......................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
Oregon.........................................            7            7  ...........            7  ...........
Pennsylvania...................................           23           23  ...........           23  ...........
Rhode Island...................................            4            4  ...........            4  ...........
South Carolina.................................            8  ...........            8  ...........            8
South Dakota...................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
Tennessee......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Texas..........................................           32  ...........           32  ...........           32
Utah...........................................            5  ...........            5  ...........            5
Vermont........................................            3            3  ...........            3  ...........
Virginia.......................................           13  ...........           13  ...........           13
Washington.....................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
West Virginia..................................            5            5  ...........            5  ...........
Wisconsin......................................           11           11  ...........           11  ...........
Wyoming........................................            3  ...........            3  ...........            3
                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................................          538          379          159          379          159
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1959]
                                                                  [1959]

[[Page 716]]

      1959

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-FOURTH TERM 2001-2005
                            George W. Bush, President; Richard Cheney, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         For President                 For Vice President
                                      Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------------------
               State                   votes of    George W. Bush  Al Gore of   Richard Cheney    Joe Lieberman
                                      each State      of Texas      Tennessee     of Wyoming      of Connecticut
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama............................            9                9  ..........                 9  ...............
Alaska.............................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Arizona............................            8                8  ..........                 8  ...............
Arkansas...........................            6                6  ..........                 6  ...............
California.........................           54  ...............          54  ................               54
Colorado...........................            8                8  ..........                 8  ...............
Connecticut........................            8  ...............           8  ................                8
Delaware...........................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
District of  Columbia..............            3  ...............          2*  ................               2*
Florida............................           25               25  ..........                25  ...............
Georgia............................           13               13  ..........                13  ...............
Hawaii.............................            4  ...............           4  ................                4
Idaho..............................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
Illinois...........................           22  ...............          22  ................               22
Indiana............................           12               12  ..........                12  ...............
Iowa...............................            7  ...............           7  ................                7
Kansas.............................            6                6  ..........                 6  ...............
Kentucky...........................            8                8  ..........                 8  ...............
Louisiana..........................            9                9  ..........                 9  ...............
Maine..............................            4  ...............           4  ................                4
Maryland...........................           10  ...............          10  ................               10
Massachusetts......................           12  ...............          12  ................               12
Michigan...........................           18  ...............          18  ................               18
Minnesota..........................           10  ...............          10  ................               10
Mississippi........................            7                7  ..........                 7  ...............
Missouri...........................           11               11  ..........                11  ...............
Montana............................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Nebraska...........................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
Nevada.............................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
New Hampshire......................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
New Jersey.........................           15  ...............          15  ................               15
New Mexico.........................            5  ...............           5  ................                5
New York...........................           33  ...............          33  ................               33
North Carolina.....................           14               14  ..........                14  ...............
North Dakota.......................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Ohio...............................           21               21  ..........                21  ...............
Oklahoma...........................            8                8  ..........                 8  ...............
Oregon.............................            7  ...............           7  ................                7
Pennsylvania.......................           23  ...............          23  ................               23
Rhode Island.......................            4  ...............           4  ................                4
South Carolina.....................            8                8  ..........                 8  ...............
South Dakota.......................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Tennessee..........................           11               11  ..........                11  ...............
Texas..............................           32               32  ..........                32  ...............
Utah...............................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
Vermont............................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
Virginia...........................           13               13  ..........                13  ...............
Washington.........................           11  ...............          11  ................               11
West Virginia......................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
Wisconsin..........................           11  ...............          11  ................               11
Wyoming............................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total........................          271              271         266               271              266
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The District of Columbia has 3 electoral votes. Two votes were cast for Gore and the third vote was an
  abstention.
Total Electoral Vote = 538. Total Electoral Vote Needed to Win = 270.

            [1960]
                                                                  [1960]

[[Page 717]]

      1960

                                   ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-FIFTH TERM 2005-2009
                            George W. Bush, President; Richard Cheney, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                For President               For Vice President
                                                   -------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Electoral                                John                    John
                 State                   votes of    George W.  John F. Kerry   Edwards    Richard B.   Edwards
                                        each State    Bush of         of        of North   Cheney of    of North
                                                       Texas    Massachusetts   Carolina    Wyoming     Carolina
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama...............................           9           9  .............  .........            9  .........
Alaska................................           3           3  .............  .........            3  .........
Arizona...............................          10          10  .............  .........           10  .........
Arkansas..............................           6           6  .............  .........            6  .........
California............................          55  ..........            55   .........  ...........         55
Colorado..............................           9           9  .............  .........            9  .........
Connecticut...........................           7  ..........             7   .........  ...........          7
Delaware..............................           3  ..........             3   .........  ...........          3
District of  Columbia.................           3  ..........             3   .........  ...........          3
Florida...............................          27          27  .............  .........           27  .........
Georgia...............................          15          15  .............  .........           15  .........
Hawaii................................           4  ..........             4   .........  ...........          4
Idaho.................................           4           4  .............  .........            4  .........
Illinois..............................          21  ..........            21   .........  ...........         21
Indiana...............................          11          11  .............  .........           11  .........
Iowa..................................           7           7  .............  .........            7  .........
Kansas................................           6           6  .............  .........            6  .........
Kentucky..............................           8           8  .............  .........            8  .........
Louisiana.............................           9           9  .............  .........            9  .........
Maine.................................           4  ..........             4   .........  ...........          4
Maryland..............................          10  ..........            10   .........  ...........         10
Massachusetts.........................          12  ..........            12   .........  ...........         12
Michigan..............................          17  ..........            17   .........  ...........         17
Minnesota.............................          10  ..........             9           1  ...........         10
Mississippi...........................           6           6  .............  .........            6  .........
Missouri..............................          11          11  .............  .........           11  .........
Montana...............................           3           3  .............  .........            3  .........
Nebraska..............................           5           5  .............  .........            5  .........
Nevada................................           5           5  .............  .........            5  .........
New Hampshire.........................           4  ..........             4   .........  ...........          4
New Jersey............................          15  ..........            15   .........  ...........         15
New Mexico............................           5           5  .............  .........            5  .........
New York..............................          31  ..........            31   .........  ...........         31
North Carolina........................          15          15  .............  .........           15  .........
North Dakota..........................           3           3  .............  .........            3  .........
Ohio..................................          20          20  .............  .........           20  .........
Oklahoma..............................           7           7  .............  .........            7  .........
Oregon................................           7  ..........             7   .........  ...........          7
Pennsylvania..........................          21  ..........            21   .........  ...........         21
Rhode Island..........................           4  ..........             4   .........  ...........          4
South Carolina........................           8           8  .............  .........            8  .........
South Dakota..........................           3           3  .............  .........            3  .........
Tennessee.............................          11          11  .............  .........           11  .........
Texas.................................          34          34  .............  .........           34  .........
Utah..................................           5           5  .............  .........            5  .........
Vermont...............................           3  ..........             3   .........  ...........          3
Virginia..............................          13          13  .............  .........           13  .........
Washington............................          11  ..........            11   .........  ...........         11
West Virginia.........................           5           5  .............  .........            5  .........
Wisconsin.............................          10  ..........            10   .........  ...........         10
Wyoming...............................           3           3  .............  .........            3  .........
                                       -------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total...........................         538         286           251           1          286        252
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

            [1961]
                                                                  [1961]

[[Page 718]]

      1961

                                   ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-SIXTH TERM 2009-2013
                               Barack Obama, President; Joe Biden, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         For President                 For Vice President
                                      Electoral  ---------------------------------------------------------------
               State                   votes of                       John
                                      each State  Barack Obama of   McCain of    Joe Biden of     Sarah Palin of
                                                      Illinois       Arizona       Delaware           Alaska
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama............................            9  ...............           9  ................                9
Alaska.............................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
Arizona............................           10  ...............          10  ................               10
Arkansas...........................            6  ...............           6  ................                6
California.........................           55               55  ..........                55  ...............
Colorado...........................            9                9  ..........                 9  ...............
Connecticut........................            7                7  ..........                 7  ...............
Delaware...........................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
District of PColumbia..............            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Florida............................           27               27  ..........                27  ...............
Georgia............................           15  ...............          15  ................               15
Hawaii.............................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
Idaho..............................            4  ...............           4  ................                4
Illinois...........................           21               21  ..........                21  ...............
Indiana............................           11               11  ..........                11  ...............
Iowa...............................            7                7  ..........                 7  ...............
Kansas.............................            6  ...............           6  ................                6
Kentucky...........................            8  ...............           8  ................                8
Louisiana..........................            9  ...............           9  ................                9
Maine..............................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
Maryland...........................           10               10  ..........                10  ...............
Massachusetts......................           12               12  ..........                12  ...............
Michigan...........................           17               17  ..........                17  ...............
Minnesota..........................           10               10  ..........                10  ...............
Mississippi........................            6  ...............           6  ................                6
Missouri...........................           11  ...............          11  ................               11
Montana............................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
Nebraska...........................            5                1           4                 1                4
Nevada.............................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
New Hampshire......................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
New Jersey.........................           15               15  ..........                15  ...............
New Mexico.........................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
New York...........................           31               31  ..........                31  ...............
North Carolina.....................           15               15  ..........                15  ...............
North Dakota.......................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
Ohio...............................           20               20  ..........                20  ...............
Oklahoma...........................            7  ...............           7  ................                7
Oregon.............................            7                7  ..........                 7  ...............
Pennsylvania.......................           21               21  ..........                21  ...............
Rhode Island.......................            4                4  ..........                 4  ...............
South Carolina.....................            8  ...............           8  ................                8
South Dakota.......................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
Tennessee..........................           11  ...............          11  ................               11
Texas..............................           34  ...............          34  ................               34
Utah...............................            5  ...............           5  ................                5
Vermont............................            3                3  ..........                 3  ...............
Virginia...........................           13               13  ..........                13  ...............
Washington.........................           11               11  ..........                11  ...............
West Virginia......................            5                5  ..........                 5  ...............
Wisconsin..........................           10               10  ..........                10  ...............
Wyoming............................            3  ...............           3  ................                3
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total........................          538              365         173               365              173
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1962]
                                                                  [1962]

[[Page 719]]

      1962

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-SEVENTH TERM 2013-2017
                               Barack Obama, President; Joe Biden, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        For President                  For Vice President
                                  Electoral  -------------------------------------------------------------------
             State                 votes of   Barack Obama of   Mitt Romney of    Joe Biden of     Paul Ryan of
                                  each State      Illinois      Massachusetts       Delaware        Wisconsin
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................            9  ...............                9  ...............                9
Alaska.........................            3  ...............                3  ...............                3
Arizona........................           11  ...............               11  ...............               11
Arkansas.......................            6  ...............                6  ...............                6
California.....................           55               55  ...............               55  ...............
Colorado.......................            9                9  ...............                9  ...............
Connecticut....................            7                7  ...............                7  ...............
Delaware.......................            3                3  ...............                3  ...............
District of  Columbia..........            3                3  ...............                3  ...............
Florida........................           29               29  ...............               29  ...............
Georgia........................           16  ...............               16  ...............               16
Hawaii.........................            4                4  ...............                4  ...............
Idaho..........................            4  ...............                4  ...............                4
Illinois.......................           20               20  ...............               20  ...............
Indiana........................           11               11  ...............               11  ...............
Iowa...........................            6                6  ...............                6  ...............
Kansas.........................            6  ...............                6  ...............                6
Kentucky.......................            8  ...............                8  ...............                8
Louisiana......................            8  ...............                8  ...............                8
Maine..........................            4                4  ...............                4  ...............
Maryland.......................           10               10  ...............               10  ...............
Massachusetts..................           11               11  ...............               11  ...............
Michigan.......................           16               16  ...............               16  ...............
Minnesota......................           10               10  ...............               10  ...............
Mississippi....................            6  ...............                6  ...............                6
Missouri.......................           10  ...............               10  ...............               10
Montana........................            3  ...............                3  ...............                3
Nebraska.......................            5  ...............                5  ...............                5
Nevada.........................            6                6  ...............                6  ...............
New Hampshire..................            4                4  ...............                4  ...............
New Jersey.....................           14               14  ...............               14  ...............
New Mexico.....................            5                5  ...............                5  ...............
New York.......................           29               29  ...............               29  ...............
North Carolina.................           15               15  ...............               15  ...............
North Dakota...................            3  ...............                3  ...............                3
Ohio...........................           18               18  ...............               18  ...............
Oklahoma.......................            7  ...............                7  ...............                7
Oregon.........................            7                7  ...............                7  ...............
Pennsylvania...................           20               20  ...............               20  ...............
Rhode Island...................            4                4  ...............                4  ...............
South Carolina.................            9  ...............                9  ...............                9
South Dakota...................            3  ...............                3  ...............                3
Tennessee......................           11  ...............               11  ...............               11
Texas..........................           38  ...............               38  ...............               38
Utah...........................            6  ...............                6  ...............                6
Vermont........................            3                3  ...............                3  ...............
Virginia.......................           13               13  ...............               13  ...............
Washington.....................           12               12  ...............               12  ...............
West Virginia..................            5  ...............                5  ...............                5
Wisconsin......................           10               10  ...............               10  ...............
Wyoming........................            3  ...............                3  ...............                3
                                --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total....................          538              332              206              332              206
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            [1963]
                                                                  [1963]

[[Page 720]]

      1963

                                  ELECTION FOR THE FIFTY-EIGHTH TERM 2017-2021
                               Donald Trump, President; Mike Pence, Vice President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         For President                  For Vice President
                                     Electoral -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                      votes of              Hillary
               State                    each      Donald    Clinton                 Mike    Tim Kaine
                                       State     Trump of    of New     Other     Pence of      of       Other
                                                 New York     York                Indiana    Virginia
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama............................          9          9  .........  .........          9  .........  .........
Alaska.............................          3          3  .........  .........          3  .........  .........
Arizona............................         11         11  .........  .........         11  .........  .........
Arkansas...........................          6          6  .........  .........          6  .........  .........
California.........................         55  .........         55  .........  .........         55  .........
Colorado...........................          9  .........          9  .........  .........          9  .........
Connecticut........................          7  .........          7  .........  .........          7  .........
Delaware...........................          3  .........          3  .........  .........          3  .........
District of  Columbia..............          3  .........          3  .........  .........          3  .........
Florida............................         29         29  .........  .........         29  .........  .........
Georgia............................         16         16  .........  .........         16  .........  .........
Hawaii.............................          4  .........          3          1  .........          3          1
Idaho..............................          4          4  .........  .........          4  .........  .........
Illinois...........................         20  .........         20  .........  .........         20  .........
Indiana............................         11         11  .........  .........         11  .........  .........
Iowa...............................          6          6  .........  .........          6  .........
Kansas.............................          6          6  .........  .........          6  .........  .........
Kentucky...........................          8          8  .........  .........          8  .........  .........
Louisiana..........................          8          8  .........  .........          8  .........  .........
Maine..............................          4          1          3  .........          1          3  .........
Maryland...........................         10  .........         10  .........  .........         10  .........
Massachusetts......................         11  .........         11  .........  .........         11  .........
Michigan...........................         16         16  .........  .........         16  .........  .........
Minnesota..........................         10  .........         10  .........  .........         10  .........
Mississippi........................          6          6  .........  .........          6  .........  .........
Missouri...........................         10         10  .........  .........         10  .........  .........
Montana............................          3          3  .........  .........          3  .........  .........
Nebraska...........................          5          5  .........  .........          5  .........  .........
Nevada.............................          6  .........          6  .........  .........          6  .........
New Hampshire......................          4  .........          4  .........  .........          4  .........
New Jersey.........................         14  .........         14  .........  .........         14  .........
New Mexico.........................          5  .........          5  .........  .........          5  .........
New York...........................         29  .........         29  .........  .........         29  .........
North Carolina.....................         15         15  .........  .........         15  .........  .........
North Dakota.......................          3          3  .........  .........          3  .........  .........
Ohio...............................         18         18  .........  .........         18  .........  .........
Oklahoma...........................          7          7  .........  .........          7  .........  .........
Oregon.............................          7  .........          7  .........  .........          7  .........
Pennsylvania.......................         20         20  .........  .........         20  .........  .........
Rhode Island.......................          4  .........          4  .........  .........          4  .........
South Carolina.....................          9          9  .........  .........          9  .........  .........
South Dakota.......................          3          3  .........  .........          3  .........  .........
Tennessee..........................         11         11  .........  .........         11  .........  .........
Texas..............................         38         36  .........          2         37  .........          1
Utah...............................          6          6  .........  .........          6  .........  .........
Vermont............................          3  .........          3  .........  .........          3  .........
Virginia...........................         13  .........         13  .........  .........         13  .........
Washington.........................         12  .........          8          4  .........          8          4
West Virginia......................          5          5  .........  .........          5  .........  .........
Wisconsin..........................         10         10  .........  .........         10  .........  .........
Wyoming............................          3          3  .........  .........          3  .........  .........
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total........................        538        304        227          7        305        227          6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------





[[Page 721]]
 
                                         JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT     
                                                                              1970

                                     JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT, 1789 TO 2020 \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Years
             Name \2\                State whence appointed    Date of commission       Date service        of
                                                                       \3\               terminated      service
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          chief justices
 
 1. John Jay......................  New York................  Sept. 26, 1789        June 29, 1795              5
 2. John Rutledge.................  South Carolina..........  July 1, 1795          Dec. 15, 1795        (\4\)(\
                                                                                                             5\)
 3. Oliver Ellsworth..............  Connecticut.............  Mar. 4, 1796          Dec. 15, 1800              4
 4. John Marshall.................  Virginia................  Jan. 31, 1801         July 6, 1835              34
 5. Roger Brooke Taney............  Maryland................  Mar. 15, 1836         Oct. 12, 1864             28
 6. Salmon Portland Chase.........  Ohio....................  Dec. 6, 1864          May 7, 1873                8
 7. Morrison Remick Waite.........  ....do..................  Jan. 21, 1874         Mar. 23, 1888             14
 8. Melville Weston Fuller........  Illinois................  July 20, 1888         July 4, 1910              21
 9. Edward Douglas White..........  Louisiana...............  Dec. 12, 1910         May 19, 1921          \5\ 10
10. William Howard Taft...........  Connecticut.............  June 30, 1921         Feb. 3, 1930               8
11. Charles Evans Hughes..........  New York................  Feb. 13, 1930         June 30, 1941         \5\ 11
12. Harlan Fiske Stone............  ......do................  July 3, 1941          Apr. 22, 1946          \5\ 4
13. Fred Moore Vinson.............  Kentucky................  June 21, 1946         Sept. 8, 1953              7
14. Earl Warren...................  California..............  Oct. 2, 1953          June 23, 1969             15
15. Warren E. Burger..............  Virginia................  June 23, 1969         Sept. 26, 1986            17
16. William Hubbs Rehnquist.......  Virginia................  Sept. 25, 1986        Sept. 3, 2005         \5\ 19
17. John G. Roberts, Jr...........  Maryland................  Sept. 29, 2005        ...................  .......
        associate justices
 1. John Rutledge.................  South Carolina..........  Sept. 26, 1789        Mar. 5, 1791               1
 2. William Cushing...............  Massachusetts...........  Sept. 27, 1789        Sept. 13, 1810            20
 3. James Wilson..................  Pennsylvania............  Sept. 29, 1789        Aug. 21, 1798              8
 4. John Blair....................  Virginia................  Sept. 30, 1789        Jan. 27, 1796              5
 5. James Iredell.................  North Carolina..........  Feb. 10, 1790         Oct. 20, 1799              9
 6. Thomas Johnson................  Maryland................  Nov. 7, 1791          Feb. 1, 1793               1
 7. William Paterson..............  New Jersey..............  Mar. 4, 1793          Sept. 9, 1806             13
 8. Samuel Chase..................  Maryland................  Jan. 27, 1796         June 19, 1811             15
 9. Bushrod Washington............  Virginia................  Dec. 20, 1798         Nov. 26, 1829             30
10. Alfred Moore..................  North Carolina..........  Dec. 10, 1799         Jan. 26, 1804              3
11. William Johnson...............  South Carolina..........  Mar. 26, 1804         Aug. 4, 1834              30
12. Henry B. Livingston...........  New York................  Nov. 10, 1806         Mar. 18, 1823             16
13. Thomas Todd...................  Kentucky................  Mar. 3, 1807          Feb. 7, 1826              18
14. Gabriel Duvall................  Maryland................  Nov. 18, 1811         Jan. 14, 1835             23
15. Joseph Story..................  Massachusetts...........  ......do              Sept. 10, 1845            33
16. Smith Thompson................  New York................  Dec. 9, 1823          Dec. 18, 1843             20
17. Robert Trimble................  Kentucky................  May 9, 1826           Aug. 25, 1828              2
18. John McLean...................  Ohio....................  Mar. 7, 1829          Apr. 4, 1861              31
19. Henry Baldwin.................  Pennsylvania............  Jan. 6, 1830          Apr. 21, 1844             14
20. James Moore Wayne.............  Georgia.................  Jan. 9, 1835          July 5, 1867              32
21. Philip Pendleton Barbour......  Virginia................  Mar. 15, 1836         Feb. 25, 1841              4
22. John Catron...................  Tennessee...............  Mar. 8, 1837          May 30, 1865              28
23. John McKinley.................  Alabama.................  Sept. 25, 1837        July 19, 1852             14
24. Peter Vivian Daniel...........  Virginia................  Mar. 3, 1841          May 31, 1860              18
25. Samuel Nelson.................  New York................  Feb. 13, 1845         Nov. 28, 1872             27
26. Levi Woodbury.................  New Hampshire...........  Sept. 20, 1845        Sept. 4, 1851              5
27. Robert Cooper Grier...........  Pennsylvania............  Aug. 4, 1846          Jan. 31, 1870             23
28. Benjamin Robbins Curtis.......  Massachusetts...........  Sept. 22, 1851        Sept. 30, 1857             6
29. John Archibald Campbell.......  Alabama.................  Mar. 22, 1853         Apr. 30, 1861              8
30. Nathan Clifford...............  Maine...................  Jan. 12, 1858         July 25, 1881             23
31. Noah Haynes Swayne............  Ohio....................  Jan. 24, 1862         Jan. 24, 1881             18
32. Samuel Freeman Miller.........  Iowa....................  July 16, 1862         Oct. 13, 1890             28
33. David Davis...................  Illinois................  Dec. 8, 1862          Mar. 4, 1877              14
34. Stephen Johnson Field.........  California..............  Mar. 10, 1863         Dec. 1, 1897              34
35. William Strong................  Pennsylvania............  Feb. 18, 1870         Dec. 14, 1880             10
36. Joseph P. Bradley.............  New Jersey..............  Mar. 21, 1870         Jan. 22, 1892             21
37. Ward Hunt.....................  New York................  Dec. 11, 1872         Jan. 27, 1882              9

[[Page 722]]

 
38. John Marshall Harlan..........  Kentucky................  Nov. 29, 1877         Oct. 14, 1911             33
39. William Burnham Woods.........  Georgia.................  Dec. 21, 1880         May 14, 1887               6
40. Stanley Matthews..............  Ohio....................  May 12, 1881          Mar. 22, 1889              7
41. Horace Gray...................  Massachusetts...........  Dec. 20, 1881         Sept. 15, 1902            20
42. Samuel Blatchford.............  New York................  Mar. 22, 1882         July 7, 1893              11
43. Lucius Quintus C. Lamar.......  Mississippi.............  Jan. 16, 1888         Jan. 23, 1893              5
44. David Josiah Brewer...........  Kansas..................  Dec. 18, 1889         Mar. 28, 1910             20
45. Henry Billings Brown..........  Michigan................  Dec. 29, 1890         May 28, 1906              15
46. George Shiras, Jr.............  Pennsylvania............  July 26, 1892         Feb. 23, 1903             10
47. Howell Edmunds Jackson........  Tennessee...............  Feb. 18, 1893         Aug. 8, 1895               2
48. Edward Douglas White..........  Louisiana...............  Feb. 19, 1894         Dec. 18, 1910             16
49. Rufus Wheeler Peckham.........  New York................  Dec. 9, 1895          Oct. 24, 1909             13
50. Joseph McKenna................  California..............  Jan. 21, 1898         Jan. 5, 1925              26
51. Oliver Wendell Holmes.........  Massachusetts...........  Dec. 4, 1902          Jan. 12, 1932             29
52. William Rufus Day.............  Ohio....................  Feb. 23, 1903         Nov. 13, 1922             19
53. William Henry Moody...........  Massachusetts...........  Dec. 12, 1906         Nov. 20, 1910              3
54. Horace Harmon Lurton..........  Tennessee...............  Dec. 20, 1909         July 12, 1914              4
55. Charles Evans Hughes..........  New York................  May 2, 1910           June 10, 1916              5
56. Willis Van Devanter...........  Wyoming.................  Dec. 16, 1910         June 2, 1937              26
57. Joseph Rucker Lamar...........  Georgia.................  Dec. 17, 1910         Jan. 2, 1916               4
58. Mahlon Pitney.................  New Jersey..............  Mar. 13, 1912         Dec. 31, 1922             10
59. James Clark McReynolds........  Tennessee...............  Aug. 29, 1914         Jan. 31, 1941             26
60. Louis Dembitz Brandeis........  Massachusetts...........  June 1, 1916          Feb. 13, 1939             22
61. John Hessin Clarke............  Ohio....................  July 24, 1916         Sept. 18, 1922             5
62. George Sutherland.............  Utah....................  Sept. 5, 1922         Jan. 17, 1938             15
63. Pierce Butler.................  Minnesota...............  Dec. 21, 1922         Nov. 16, 1939             16
64. Edward Terry Sanford..........  Tennessee...............  Jan. 29, 1923         Mar. 8, 1930               7
65. Harlan Fiske Stone............  New York................  Feb. 5, 1925          July 2, 1941              16
66. Owen Josephus Roberts.........  Pennsylvania............  May 20, 1930          July 31, 1945             15
67. Benjamin Nathan Cardozo.......  New York................  Mar. 2, 1932          July 9, 1938               6
68. Hugo Lafayette Black..........  Alabama.................  Aug. 18, 1937         Sept. 17, 1971            34
69. Stanley Forman Reed...........  Kentucky................  Jan. 27, 1938         Feb. 25, 1957             19
70. Felix Frankfurter.............  Massachusetts...........  Jan. 20, 1939         Aug. 28, 1962             23
71. William Orville Douglas.......  Connecticut.............  Apr. 15, 1939         Nov. 12, 1975             36
72. Frank Murphy..................  Michigan................  Jan. 18, 1940         July 19, 1949              9
73. James Francis Byrnes..........  South Carolina..........  June 25, 1941         Oct. 3, 1942               1
74. Robert Houghwout Jackson......  New York................  July 11, 1941         Oct. 9, 1954              13
75. Wiley Blount Rutledge.........  Iowa....................  Feb. 11, 1943         Sept. 10, 1949             6
76. Harold Hitz Burton............  Ohio....................  Sept. 22, 1945        Oct. 13, 1958             13
77. Thomas Campbell Clark.........  Texas...................  Aug. 19, 1949         June 12, 1967             17
78. Sherman Minton................  Indiana.................  Oct. 5, 1949          Oct. 15, 1956              7
79. John Marshall Harlan..........  New York................  Mar. 17, 1955         Sept. 23, 1971            16
80. William J. Brennan, Jr........  New Jersey..............  Oct. 15, 1956         July 20, 1990             34
81. Charles Evans Whittaker.......  Missouri................  Mar. 22, 1957         Mar. 31, 1962              5
82. Potter Stewart................  Ohio....................  Oct. 14, 1958         July 3, 1981              23
83. Byron R. White................  Colorado................  Apr. 12, 1962         June 28, 1993             31
84. Arthur J. Goldberg............  Illinois................  Sept. 28, 1962        July 25, 1965              2
85. Abe Fortas....................  Tennessee...............  Aug. 11, 1965         May 14, 1969               3
86. Thurgood Marshall.............  New York................  Aug. 30, 1967         Oct. 1, 1991              24
87. Harry A. Blackmun.............  Minnesota...............  May 14, 1970          Aug. 3, 1994              24
88. Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr.....  Virginia................  Dec. 9, 1971          June 26, 1987             16
89. William Hubbs Rehnquist.......  Arizona.................  Dec. 15, 1971         Sept. 25, 1986            15
90. John Paul Stevens.............  Illinois................  Dec. 17, 1975         June 29, 2010             34
91. Sandra Day O'Connor...........  Arizona.................  Sept. 22, 1981        Jan. 31, 2006             26
92. Antonin Scalia................  Virginia................  Sept. 25, 1986        Feb. 13, 2016             29
93. Anthony M. Kennedy............  California..............  Feb. 18, 1988         July 31, 2013             30
94. David Hackett Souter..........  New Hampshire...........  Oct. 29, 1990         June 29, 2009             18
95. Clarence Thomas...............  Georgia.................  Oct. 23, 1991         ...................  .......
96. Ruth Bader Ginsburg...........  New York................  Aug. 10, 1993         Sept. 18, 2020            27
97. Stephen G. Breyer.............  Massachusetts...........  Aug. 3, 1994          ...................  .......
98. Samuel A. Alito, Jr...........  New Jersey..............  Jan. 31, 2006         ...................  .......
99. Sonia M. Sotomayor............  New York................  Aug. 8, 2009          ...................  .......
100. Elena Kagan..................  Massachusetts...........  Aug. 7, 2010          ...................  .......
101. Neil M. Gorsuch..............  Colorado................  Apr. 10, 2017         ...................  .......
102. Brett M. Kavanaugh...........  Maryland................  Oct. 6, 2018          ...................  .......
103. Amy Coney Barrett............  Indiana.................  Oct. 26, 2020         ...................  .......
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Source: Marshal, Supreme Court of the United States.

[[Page 723]]

 
\2\The acceptance of the appointment and commission by the appointee, as evidenced by the taking of the
  prescribed oaths, is here implied, otherwise the individual is not carried on this list of the Members of the
  Court. Examples: Robert Hanson Harrison is not carried, as a letter from President Washington of February 9,
  1790, states Harrison declined to serve; neither is Edwin M. Stanton, who died before he could take the
  necessary steps toward becoming a Member of the Court. Chief Justice Rutledge is included because he took his
  oaths and presided over the August term of 1795, his name appearing on two opinions of the Court for that
  term.
\3\Where a Member received two commissions the one entered on the Court's Minutes is here used.
\4\Commissioned July 1, 1795 (during adjournment of Congress); presided at August term, 1795. Nomination
  rejected by the Senate Dec. 15, 1795.
\5\Also served as Associate Justice.




[[Page 725]]
 
                                    CABINET OFFICERS, 1789 TO 2019  

            ------------------------------------------------------------

                                         SECRETARIES OF STATE                                      1971
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                       Confirmation date\1\                     President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Thomas Jefferson....................  Sept. 26, 1789             George Washington.
      Do................................  Mar. 4, 1793                   Do.
 2. Edmund Randolph.....................  Jan. 2, 1794                   Do.
 3. Timothy Pickering...................  Dec. 10, 1795                  Do.
      Do................................  Mar. 4, 1797               John Adams.
 4. John Marshall.......................  May 13, 1800                   Do.
 5. James Madison.......................  Mar. 5, 1801               Thomas Jefferson.
      Do................................  Mar. 4, 1805                   Do.
 6. Robert Smith........................  Mar. 6, 1809               James Madison.
 7. James Monroe........................  Nov. 25, 1811                  Do.\2\
      Do................................  Feb. 28, 1815                  Do.
 8. John Quincy Adams...................  Mar. 5, 1817               James Monroe.
 9. Henry Clay..........................  Mar. 7, 1825               John Quincy Adams.
10. Martin Van Buren....................  Mar. 6, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
11. Edward Livingston...................  Jan. 12, 1832                  Do.\3\
12. Louis McLane........................  May 29, 1833                   Do.
13. John Forsyth........................  June 27, 1834                  Do.
      Do................................  Mar. 4, 1837               Martin Van Buren.
14. Daniel Webster......................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
      Do................................  Apr. 6, 1841               John Tyler.
15. Abel P. Upshur......................  Jan. 2, 1844                   Do.\4\
16. John C. Calhoun.....................  Mar. 6, 1844                   Do.
17. James Buchanan......................  Mar. 5, 1845               James K. Polk.
18. John M. Clayton.....................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
19. Daniel Webster......................  July 20, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
20. Edward Everett......................  Dec. 9, 1852                   Do.\5\
21. William L. Marcy....................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
22. Lewis Cass..........................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
23. Jeremiah S. Black...................  Dec. 17, 1860                  Do.
24. William H. Seward...................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
       Do...............................  .........................  Andrew Johnson.
25. Elihu B. Washburne..................  Mar. 5, 1869               Ulysses S. Grant.
26. Hamilton Fish.......................  Mar. 11, 1869                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
27. William M. Evarts...................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
28. James G. Blaine.....................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
29. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen..........  Dec. 12, 1881              Chester A. Arthur.
30. Thomas F. Bayard....................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
31. James G. Blaine.....................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
32. John W. Foster......................  June 29, 1892                  Do.
33. Walter Q. Gresham...................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
34. Richard Olney.......................  Dec. 3, 1895                   Do.\6\
35. John Sherman........................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
36. William R. Day......................  Apr. 26, 1898                  Do.
37. John Hay............................  Dec. 7, 1898                   Do.\7\
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905               Theodore Roosevelt.
38. Elihu Root..........................  Dec. 6, 1905                   Do.\8\
39. Robert Bacon........................  Jan. 27, 1909                  Do.
40. Philander C. Knox...................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
41. William Jennings Bryan..............  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
42. Robert Lansing......................  Dec. 13, 1915                  Do.\9\
43. Bainbridge Colby....................  Mar. 22, 1920                  Do.
44. Charles Evans Hughes................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
45. Frank B. Kellogg....................  Feb. 16, 1925                  Do.
46. Henry Lewis Stimson.................  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.

[[Page 726]]

 
47. Cordell Hull........................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
48. Edward R. Stettinius, Jr............  Nov. 30, 1944                  Do.
49. James F. Byrnes.....................  July 2, 1945               Harry S. Truman.
50. George C. Marshall..................  Jan. 8, 1947                   Do.
51. Dean G. Acheson.....................  Jan. 18, 1949                  Do.
52. John Foster Dulles..................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
53. Christian A. Herter.................  Apr. 21, 1959                  Do.
54. Dean Rusk...........................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
55. William P. Rogers...................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
56. Henry A. Kissinger..................  Sept. 20, 1973                 Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
57. Cyrus Vance.........................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
58. Edmund S. Muskie....................  May 7, 1980                    Do.
59. Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr............  Jan. 21, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
60. George P. Shultz....................  July 15, 1982                  Do.
61. James A. Baker III..................  Jan. 25, 1989              George Bush.
62. Lawrence S. Eagleburger.............  Dec. 10, 1992                  Do.
63. Warren Christopher..................  Jan. 20, 1993              William J. Clinton.
64. Madeleine K. Albright...............  Jan. 22, 1997                  Do.
65. Colin L. Powell.....................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
66. Condoleeza Rice.....................  Jan. 26, 2005                  Do.
67. Hillary Rodham Clinton..............  Jan. 21, 2009              Barack Obama.
68. John Kerry..........................  Jan. 29, 2013                  Do.
69. Rex Tillerson.......................  Feb. 1, 2017               Donald J. Trump.
70. Mike Pompeo.........................  Apr. 26, 2018                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Previous editions of the Senate Manual listed the appointment date for cabinet officers. This edition
  provides the Senate's confirmation date. If the cabinet officer was appointed and began service during a
  Senate recess, a footnote provides a beginning service date.
\2\Recess appointment; began service April 2, 1811.
\3\Recess appointment; began service May 24, 1831.
\4\Recess appointment; began service July 24, 1843.
\5\Recess appointment; began service Nov. 6, 1852.
\6\Recess appointment; began service June 8, 1895.
\7\Recess appointment; began service Sept. 30, 1898.
\8\Recess appointment; began service July 19, 1905.
\9\Recess appointment; began service June 24, 1915.
 

            1972

                                           SECRETARIES OF THE TREASURY
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Alexander Hamilton..................  Sept. 11, 1789             George Washington.
 2. Oliver Wolcott, Jr..................  Feb. 3, 1795                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Adams.
 3. Samuel Dexter.......................  Dec. 31, 1800                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Thomas Jefferson.
 4. Albert Gallatin.....................  Jan. 26, 1802                  Do.\1\
       Do...............................  .........................  James Madison.
 5. George W. Campbell..................  Feb. 9, 1814                   Do.
 6. Alexander J. Dallas.................  Oct. 6, 1814                   Do.
 7. William H. Crawford.................  Oct. 22, 1816                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1817               James Monroe.
 8. Richard Rush........................  Mar. 7, 1825               John Quincy Adams.
 9. Samuel D. Ingham....................  Mar. 6, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
10. Louis McLane........................  Jan. 13, 1832                  Do.\2\
11. William J. Duane....................  .........................      Do.\3\
12. Roger B. Taney......................  .........................      Do.\4\
13. Levi Woodbury.......................  June 27, 1834                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Martin Van Buren.
14. Thomas Ewing........................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Tyler.
15. Walter Forward......................  Sept. 13, 1841                 Do.
16. John C. Spencer.....................  Mar. 3, 1843                   Do.
17. George M. Bibb......................  June 15, 1844                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  James K. Polk.
18. Robert J. Walker....................  Mar. 5, 1845                   Do.
19. William M. Meredith.................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
       Do...............................  .........................  Millard Fillmore.

[[Page 727]]

 
20. Thomas Corwin.......................  July 20, 1850                  Do.
21. James Guthrie.......................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
22. Howell Cobb.........................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
23. Phillip F. Thomas...................  Dec. 12, 1860                  Do.
24. John A. Dix.........................  Jan. 11, 1861                  Do.
25. Salmon P. Chase.....................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
26. William Pitt Fessenden..............  July 1, 1864                   Do.
27. Hugh McCulloch......................  Mar. 7, 1865                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Andrew Johnson.
28. George S. Boutwell..................  Mar. 11, 1869              Ulysses S. Grant.
29. William A. Richardson...............  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
30. Benjamin H. Bristow.................  June 2, 1874                   Do.
31. Lot M. Morrill......................  June 21, 1876                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Rutherford B. Hayes.
32. John Sherman........................  Mar. 8, 1877                   Do.
33. William Windom......................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
       Do...............................  .........................  Chester A. Arthur.
34. Charles J. Folger...................  Oct. 27, 1881                  Do.
35. Walter Q. Gresham...................  .........................      Do.\5\
36. Hugh McCulloch......................  Dec. 18, 1884                  Do.\6\
       Do...............................  .........................  Grover Cleveland.
37. Daniel Manning......................  Mar. 6, 1885                   Do.
38. Charles S. Fairchild................  Dec. 15, 1887                  Do.\7\
       Do...............................  .........................  Benjamin Harrison.
39. William Windom......................  Mar. 5, 1889                   Do.
40. Charles Foster......................  Feb. 24, 1891                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Grover Cleveland.
41. John G. Carlisle....................  Mar. 6, 1893                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  William McKinley.
42. Lyman J. Gage.......................  Mar. 5, 1897                   Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
43. Leslie M. Shaw......................  Jan. 9, 1902               Theodore Roosevelt.
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
44. George B. Cortelyou.................  Jan. 15, 1907                  Do.
45. Franklin MacVeagh...................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
46. William G. McAdoo...................  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
47. Carter Glass........................  Dec. 6, 1918                   Do.
48. David Franklin Houston..............  Jan. 31, 1920                  Do.
49. Andrew W. Mellon....................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
       Do...............................  .........................  Herbert C. Hoover.
50. Ogden L. Mills......................  Feb. 10, 1932                  Do.
51. William H. Woodin...................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
52. Henry Morgenthau, Jr................  Jan. 8, 1934                   Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Harry S. Truman.
53. Fred M. Vinson......................  July 17, 1945                  Do.
54. John W. Snyder......................  June 11, 1946                  Do.
55. George M. Humphrey..................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
56. Robert B. Anderson..................  July 2, 1957                   Do.
57. Douglas Dillon......................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
      Do................................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
58. Henry H. Fowler.....................  Mar. 25, 1965                  Do.
59. Joseph W. Barr......................  Dec. 21, 1968                  Do.\8\
60. David M. Kennedy....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
61. John B. Connally....................  Feb. 8, 1971                   Do.
62. George P. Shultz....................  June 8, 1972                   Do.
63. William E. Simon....................  Apr. 30, 1974                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
64. W. Michael Blumenthal...............  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
65. G. William Miller...................  Aug. 2, 1979                   Do.
66. Donald T. Regan.....................  Jan. 21, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
67. James A. Baker, III.................  Jan. 29, 1985                  Do.
68. Nicholas F. Brady...................  Sept. 14, 1988                 Do.
      Do................................  .........................  George Bush.
69. Lloyd Bentsen.......................  Jan. 20, 1993              William J. Clinton.
70. Robert E. Rubin.....................  Jan. 10, 1995                  Do.
71. Lawrence H. Summers.................  July 1, 1999                   Do.
72. Paul H. O'Neill.....................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
73. John Snow...........................  Jan. 30, 2003                  Do.
74. Henry Paulson.......................  June 28, 2006                  Do.
75. Timothy Geithner....................  Jan. 26, 2009              Barack Obama.

[[Page 728]]

 
76. Jacob J. Lew........................  Feb. 27, 2013                  Do.
77. Steve Mnuchin.......................  Feb. 13, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Recess appointment. Began service May 14, 1801.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Aug. 8, 1831.
\3\Recess appointment that was not submitted to the Senate. Duane served from May 29, 1833, to Sept. 23, 1833.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service Sept. 23, 1833, but was rejected by the Senate on Jun. 24, 1834.
\5\Recess appointment. Served from Sept. 25, 1884, to Oct. 30, 1884.
\6\Recess appointment. Began service on Oct. 31, 1884.
\7\Recess appointment. Began service on Apr. 1, 1887.
\8\Recess appointment. Received new commission Jan. 9, 1969, upon confirmation by the Senate.
 

            1973

                                             SECRETARIES OF DEFENSE*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. James V. Forrestal..................  July 26, 1947              Harry S. Truman.
 2. Louis A. Johnson....................  Mar. 23, 1949                  Do.
 3. George C. Marshall..................  Sept. 20, 1950                 Do.
 4. Robert A. Lovett....................  Sept. 14, 1951                 Do.
 5. Charles E. Wilson...................  Jan. 26, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
 6. Neil Hosler McElroy.................  Aug. 19, 1957                  Do.
 7. Thomas Sovereign Gates, Jr..........  Jan. 26, 1960                  Do.
 8. Robert S. McNamara..................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
 9. Clark M. Clifford...................  Jan. 30, 1968                  Do.
10. Melvin R. Laird.....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
11. Elliot L. Richardson................  Jan. 29, 1973                  Do.
12. James R. Schlesinger................  June 28, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
13. Donald H. Rumsfeld..................  Nov. 18, 1975                  Do.
14. Harold Brown........................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
15. Caspar Willard Weinberger...........  Jan. 20, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
16. Frank C. Carlucci...................  Nov. 20, 1987                  Do.
17. Richard B. Cheney...................  Mar. 17, 1989              George Bush.
18. Les Aspin...........................  Jan. 20, 1993              William J. Clinton.
19. William J. Perry....................  Feb. 3, 1994                   Do.
20. William S. Cohen....................  Jan. 22, 1997                  Do.
21. Donald H. Rumsfeld..................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
22. Robert Gates........................  Dec. 6, 2006                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Barack Obama.
23. Leon E. Panetta.....................  Jan. 21, 2011                  Do.
24. Chuck Hagel.........................  Feb. 26, 2013                  Do.
25. Ashton Carter.......................  Feb. 12, 2015                  Do.
26. James Mattis........................  Jan. 20, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
27. Mark Esper..........................  July 23, 2019                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The National Security Act of 1947, Public Law 253, 80th Cong., approved July 26, 1947, created the office of
  Secretary of Defense and merged the War and Navy Departments into the National Military Establishment.
 

            1974

                                               SECRETARIES OF WAR*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Harry Knox..........................  Sept. 12, 1789             George Washington.
 2. Timothy Pickering...................  Jan. 2, 1795                   Do.
 3. James McHenry.......................  Jan. 27, 1796                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 4, 1797               John Adams.
 4. Samuel Dexter.......................  May 13, 1800                   Do.
 5. Roger Griswold......................  Feb. 3, 1801                   Do.
 6. Henry Dearborn......................  Mar. 5, 1801               Thomas Jefferson.
 7. William Eustis......................  Mar. 6, 1809               James Madison.
 8. John Armstrong......................  Jan. 13, 1813                  Do.
 9. James Monroe........................  Sept. 27, 1814                 Do.
10. William H. Crawford.................  Mar. 3, 1815                   Do.
11. John C. Calhoun.....................  Dec. 15, 1817              James Monroe.\1\

[[Page 729]]

 
12. James Barbour.......................  Mar. 7, 1825               John Quincy Adams.
13. Peter B. Porter.....................  May 26, 1828                   Do.
14. John H. Eaton.......................  Mar. 9, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
15. Lewis Cass..........................  Dec. 30, 1831                  Do.\2\
16. Benjamin F. Butter..................  Mar. 3, 1837                   Do.\3\
17. Joel R. Poinsett....................  Mar. 7, 1837               Martin Van Buren.
18. John Bell...........................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Tyler.
19. John C. Spencer.....................  Dec. 20, 1841                  Do.
20. James M. Porter.....................  .........................      Do.\4\
21. William Wilkins.....................  Feb. 15, 1844                  Do.
22. William L. Marcy....................  Mar. 5, 1845               James K. Polk.
23. George W. Crawford..................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
24. Charles M. Conard...................  Aug. 15, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
25. Jefferson Davis.....................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
26. John B. Floyd.......................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
27. Joseph Holt.........................  Jan. 18, 1861                  Do.
28. Simon Cameron.......................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
29. Edwin M. Stanton....................  Jan. 15, 1862                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Andrew Johnson.
30. Ulysses S. Grant....................  .........................      Do.\5\
31. John M. Schofield...................  May 30, 1868                   Do.
32. John A. Rawlins.....................  Mar. 11, 1869              Ulysses S. Grant.
33. William T. Sherman..................  .........................      Do.\6\
34. William W. Belknap..................  Dec. 8, 1869                   Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
35. Alphonso Taft.......................  Mar. 8, 1876                   Do.
36. James D. Cameron....................  May 22, 1876                   Do.
37. George W. McCrary...................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
38. Alexander Ramsey....................  Dec. 10, 1879                  Do.
39. Robert T. Lincoln...................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
       Do...............................  .........................  Chester A. Arthur.
40. William C. Endicott.................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
41. Redfield Proctor....................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
42. Stephen B. Elkins...................  Dec. 22, 1891                  Do.
43. Daniel S. Lamont....................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
44. Russell A. Alger....................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
45. Elihu Root..........................  Dec. 6, 1899                   Do.\7\
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Theodore Roosevelt.
46. William H. Taft.....................  Jan. 11, 1904                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
47. Luke E. Wright......................  Dec. 9, 1908                   Do.\8\
48. Jacob M. Dickinson..................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
49. Henry Lewis Stimson.................  May 16, 1911                   Do.
50. Lindley M. Garrison.................  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
51. Newton D. Baker.....................  Mar. 7, 1916                   Do.
52. John Wingate Weeks..................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
53. Dwight F. Davis.....................  Dec. 15, 1925                  Do.
54. James William Good..................  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
55. Patrick J. Hurley...................  Dec. 9, 1929                   Do.
56. George H. Dern......................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
57. Harry Hines Woodring................  May 6, 1937                    Do.
58. Henry Lewis Stimson.................  July 9, 1940                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Harry S. Truman.
59. Robert P. Patterson.................  Sept. 20, 1945                 Do.
60. Kenneth C. Royall...................  July 19, 1947                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The National Security Act of 1947, Public Law 253, 80th Cong., approved July 26, 1947, created the office of
  Secretary of Defense and merged the War and Navy Departments into the National Military Establishment.
\1\Recess appointment. Began service on Oct. 8, 1817.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service on Aug. 1, 1831.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service on Oct. 6, 1836.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service on Mar. 8, 1843, but was rejected by the Senate on Jan. 30, 1844.
\5\Recess appointment. Served ad interim from Aug. 12, 1867, to Jan. 12, 1868.
\6\Recess appointment. Began service on Sept. 9, 1869, but nomination not submitted to Senate.
\7\Recess appointment. Began service on Aug. 1, 1899.
\8\Recess appointment. Began service on July 1, 1908.
 


[[Page 730]]

                                                                    1975

                                                ATTORNEYS GENERAL
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Edmund Randolph.....................  Sept. 26, 1789             George Washington.
 2. William Bradford....................  Jan. 27, 1794                  Do.
 3. Charles Lee.........................  Dec. 10, 1795                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Adams.
 4. Levi Lincoln........................  Mar. 5, 1801               Thomas Jefferson.
 5. John Breckenridge...................  Dec. 23, 1805                  Do.\1\
 6. Caesar A. Rodney....................  Jan. 20, 1807                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  James Madison.
 7. William Pinckney....................  Dec. 11, 1811                  Do.
 8. Richard Rush........................  Feb. 10, 1814                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  James Monroe.
 9. William Wirt........................  Dec. 15, 1817                  Do.\2\
       Do...............................  .........................  John Quincy Adams.
10. John M. Berrien.....................  Mar. 9, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
11. Roger B. Taney......................  Dec. 27, 1831                  Do.\3\
12. Benjamin F. Butler..................  June 24, 1834                  Do.\4\
       Do...............................  .........................  Martin Van Buren.
13. Felix Grundy........................  July 5, 1838                   Do.
14. Henry D. Gilpin.....................  Jan. 10, 1840                  Do.
15. John J. Crittenden..................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Tyler.
16. Hugh S. Legare......................  Sept. 13, 1841                 Do.
17. John Nelson.........................  Jan. 2, 1844                   Do.\5\
18. John Y. Mason.......................  Mar. 5, 1845               James K. Polk.
19. Nathan Clifford.....................  Dec. 23, 1846                  Do.\6\
20. Isaac Toucey........................  June 21, 1848                  Do.
21. Reverdy Johnson.....................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
22. John J. Crittenden..................  July 20, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
23. Caleb Cushing.......................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
24. Jeremiah S. Black...................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
25. Edwin M. Stanton....................  Dec. 20, 1860                  Do.
26. Edward Bates........................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
27. James Speed.........................  Dec. 12, 1864                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Andrew Johnson.
28. Henry Stanbery......................  July 23, 1866                  Do.\7\
29. William M. Evarts...................  July 15, 1868                  Do.
30. E. Rockwood Hoar....................  Mar. 5, 1869               Ulysses S. Grant.
31. Amos T. Ackerman....................  June 23, 1870                  Do.
32. George H. Williams..................  Dec. 14, 1871                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
33. Edwards Pierrepont..................  Dec. 9, 1875                   Do.\8\
34. Alphonso Taft.......................  May 22, 1876                   Do.
35. Charles Devens......................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
36. Wayne MacVeagh......................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
       Do...............................  .........................  Chester A. Arthur.
37. Benjamin H. Brewster................  Dec. 19, 1881                  Do.
38. Augustus H. Garland.................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
39. William H. H. Miller................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
40. Richard Olney.......................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
41. Judson Harmon.......................  Dec. 3, 1895                   Do.\9\
42. Joseph McKenna......................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
43. John W. Griggs......................  Jan. 25, 1898                  Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
44. Philander C. Knox...................  Dec. 16, 1901                  Do.\10\
       Do...............................  .........................  Theodore Roosevelt.
45. William H. Moody....................  Dec. 7, 1904               Theodore Roosevelt.\11\
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
46. Charles J. Bonaparte................  Dec. 12, 1906                  Do.
47. George W. Wickersham................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
48. James Clark McReynolds..............  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
49. Thomas Watt Gregory.................  Aug. 29, 1914                  Do.
50. A. Mitchell Palmer..................  Aug. 29, 1919                  Do.\12\
51. Harry M. Daugherty..................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
52. Harlan F. Stone.....................  Apr. 7, 1924                   Do.
53. John G. Sargent.....................  Mar. 17, 1925                  Do.
54. William DeWitt Mitchell.............  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
55. Homer S. Cummings...................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
56. Frank Murphy........................  Jan. 17, 1939                  Do.
57. Robert H. Jackson...................  Jan. 16, 1940                  Do.
58. Francis Biddle......................  Sept. 5, 1941                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Harry S. Truman.

[[Page 731]]

 
59. Tom C. Clark........................  June 14, 1945              Harry S. Truman.
60. J. Howard McGrath...................  Aug. 18, 1949                  Do.
61. James P. McGranery..................  May 20, 1952                   Do.
62. Herbert Brownell, Jr................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
63. William P. Rogers...................  Jan. 27, 1958                  Do.
64. Robert F. Kennedy...................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
65. Nicholas deB. Katzenbach............  Feb. 10, 1965                  Do.
66. Ramsey Clark........................  Mar. 2, 1967                   Do.
67. John N. Mitchell....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
68. Richard G. Kleindienst..............  June 8, 1972                   Do.
69. Elliot L. Richardson................  May 23, 1973                   Do.
70. William B. Saxbe....................  Dec. 17, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
71. Edward Hirsch Levi..................  Feb. 5, 1975                   Do.
72. Griffin B. Bell.....................  Jan. 25, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
73. Benjamin R. Civiletti...............  Aug. 1, 1979                   Do.
74. William French Smith................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
75. Edwin Meese III.....................  Feb. 23, 1985                  Do.
76. Richard L. Thornburgh...............  Aug. 11, 1988                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  George Bush.
77. William P. Barr.....................  Nov. 20, 1991                  Do.
78. Janet Reno..........................  Mar. 11, 1993              William J. Clinton.
79. John D. Ashcroft....................  Feb. 1, 2001               George W. Bush.
80. Alberto Gonzales....................  Feb. 3, 2005                   Do.
81. Michael Mukasey.....................  Nov. 8, 2007                   Do.
82. Eric Holder.........................  Feb. 2, 2009               Barack Obama.
83. Loretta Lynch.......................  Apr. 23, 2015                  Do.
84. Jeff Sessions.......................  Feb. 8, 2017               Donald J. Trump
85. William Barr........................  Feb. 14, 2019                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Recess appointment. Began service Aug. 7, 1805.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Nov. 15, 1817.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service July 20, 1831.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service Nov. 15, 1833.
\5\Recess appointment. Began service July 1, 1843.
\6\Recess appointment. Began service Oct. 17, 1846.
\7\Stanbery left his position as attorney general to serve as counsel to President Andrew Johnson in his
  impeachment trial. When Johnson again nominated Stanbery as attorney general after the trial, the Senate
  rejected the nomination.
\8\Recess appointment. Began service May 15, 1875.
\9\Recess appointment. Began service June 11, 1895.
\10\Recess appointment. Began service April 10, 1901.
\11\Recess appointment. Began service July 1, 1904.
\12\Palmer was nominated Feb. 27, 1919, but the Senate failed to act on the nomination. Wilson appointed him as
  a recess appointment and he began service on Mar. 5, 1919.
 

                                                                    1976

                                              POSTMASTERS GENERAL*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Samuel Osgood.......................  Sept. 26, 1789             George Washington.
 2. Timothy Pickering...................  Nov. 7, 1791                   Do.\1\
 3. Joseph Habersham....................  Feb. 25, 1795                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  John Adams.
       Do...............................  .........................  Thomas Jefferson.
 4. Gideon Granger......................  Jan. 6, 1802                   Do.\2\
      Do................................  .........................  James Madison.
 5. Return J. Meigs, Jr.................  Mar. 17, 1814                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  James Monroe.
 6. John McLean.........................  Dec. 9, 1823                   Do.\3\
      Do................................  .........................  John Quincy Adams.
 7. William T. Barry....................  Mar. 9, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
 8. Amos Kendall........................  Mar. 15, 1836                  Do.\4\
      Do................................  .........................  Martin Van Buren.
 9. John M. Niles.......................  May 18, 1840                   Do.
10. Francis Granger.....................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
      Do................................  .........................  John Tyler.
11. Charles A. Wickliffe................  Sept. 13, 1841                 Do.
12. Cave Johnson........................  Mar. 5, 1845               James K. Polk.
13. Jacob Collamer......................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.

[[Page 732]]

 
14. Nathan K. Hall......................  July 20, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
15. Samuel D. Hubbard...................  Aug. 31, 1852                  Do.
16. James Campbell......................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
17. Aaron V. Brown......................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
18. Joseph Holt.........................  Mar. 9, 1859                   Do.
19. Horatio King........................  Feb. 12, 1861                  Do.
20. Montgomery Blair....................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
21. William Dennison....................  Dec. 8, 1864                   Do.
      Do................................  Apr. 15, 1865              Andrew Johnson.
22. Alexander W. Randall................  July 25, 1866                  Do.
23. John A. Creswell....................  Mar. 5, 1869               Ulysses S. Grant.
      Do................................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
24. James W. Marshal....................  .........................      Do.\5\
25. Marshall Jewell.....................  Dec. 15, 1874                  Do.\6\
26. James N. Tyner......................  July 12, 1876                  Do.
27. David M. Key........................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
28. Horace Maynard......................  June 2, 1880                   Do.
29. Thomas L. James.....................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
      Do................................  Oct. 27, 1881              Chester A. Arthur.
30. Timothy O. Howe.....................  Dec. 20, 1881                  Do.
31. Walter Q. Gresham...................  Dec. 11, 1883                  Do.\7\
32. Frank Hatton........................  Dec. 4, 1884                   Do.\8\
33. William F. Vilas....................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
34. Don M. Dickinson....................  Jan. 16, 1888                  Do.
35. John Wanamaker......................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
36. Wilson S. Bissell...................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
37. William L. Wilson...................  Mar. 1, 1895                   Do.
38. James A. Gary.......................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
39. Charles Emory Smith.................  Apr. 21, 1898                  Do.
      Do................................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
40. Henry C. Payne......................  Jan. 9, 1902               Theodore Roosevelt.
41. Robert J. Wynne.....................  Dec. 7, 1904                   Do.\9\
42. George B. Cortelyou.................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
43. George von L. Meyer.................  Jan. 15, 1907                  Do.\10\
44. Frank H. Hitchcock..................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
45. Albert Sidney Burleson..............  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
      Do................................  Jan. 24, 1918                  Do.
46. Will H. Hays........................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
47. Hubert Work.........................  Mar. 2, 1922                   Do.
48. Harry S. New........................  Feb. 27, 1923                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
      Do................................  Mar. 5, 1925                   Do.
49. Walter Folger Brown.................  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
50. James A. Farley.....................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
51. Frank C. Walker.....................  Sept. 6, 1940                  Do.
      Do................................  Feb. 5, 1945                   Do.
52. Robert E. Hannegan..................  May 7, 1945                Harry S. Truman.
53. Jesse M. Donaldson..................  Dec. 15, 1947                  Do.
54. Arthur E. Summerfield...............  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
      Do................................  Feb. 4, 1957                   Do.
55. J. Edward Day.......................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
56. John A. Gronouski...................  Sept. 24, 1963                 Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
57. Lawrence F. O'Brien.................  Sept. 1, 1965                  Do.
58. W. Marvin Watson....................  Apr. 26, 1968                  Do.
59. Winton M. Blount....................  Jan. 21, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Post Office Department ceased to exist as a Cabinet Department upon the establishment of the United States
  Postal Service, effective July 1, 1971. Winton M. Blount was the last Postmaster General to be appointed by a
  President of the United States.
\1\Recess appointment. Began service Aug. 12, 1791.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Nov. 28, 1791.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service June 26, 1823.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service May 1, 1835.
\5\Recess appointment. Nomination never submitted to Senate. Served July 7, 1874, to Aug. 31, 1874.
\6\Recess appointment. Began service Sept. 1, 1874.
\7\Recess appointment. Began service Apr. 11, 1883.
\8\Recess appointment. Began service Oct. 14, 1884.
\9\Recess appointment. Began service Oct. 10, 1904.
\10\To take effect Mar. 4, 1907.
 


[[Page 733]]

                                                                    1977

                                            SECRETARIES OF THE NAVY*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Benjamin Stoddert...................  May 21, 1798               John Adams.
      Do................................  .........................  Thomas Jefferson.
 2. Robert Smith........................  .........................      Do.\1\
 3. Paul Hamilton.......................  Mar. 7, 1809               James Madison.
 4. William Jones.......................  Jan. 12, 1813                  Do.
 5. Benjamin W. Crowninshield...........  Dec. 19, 1814                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  James Monroe.
 6. Smith Thompson......................  Nov. 30, 1818                  Do.
 7. Samuel L. Southard..................  Dec. 9, 1823                   Do.\2\
      Do................................  .........................  John Quincy Adams.
 8. John Branch.........................  Mar. 9, 1829               Andrew Jackson.
 9. Levi Woodbury.......................  Dec. 27, 1831                  Do.\3\
10. Mahlon Dickerson....................  June 30, 1834                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Martin Van Buren.
11. James K. Paulding...................  June 20, 1838                  Do.
12. George E. Badger....................  Mar. 5, 1841               William H. Harrison.
      Do................................  .........................  John Tyler.
13. Abel P. Upshur......................  Sept. 13, 1841                 Do.
14. David Henshaw.......................  .........................      Do.\4\
15. Thomas W. Gilmer....................  Feb. 15, 1844                  Do.
16. John Y. Mason.......................  Mar. 14, 1844                  Do.
17. George Bancroft.....................  Mar. 10, 1845              James K. Polk.
18. John Y. Mason.......................  Dec. 17, 1846                  Do.\5\
19. William B. Preston..................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
20. William A. Graham...................  July 20, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
21. John P. Kennedy.....................  July 22, 1852                  Do.
22. James C. Dobbin.....................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
23. Isaac Toucey........................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
24. Gideon Welles.......................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
      Do................................  .........................  Andrew Johnson.
25. Adolph E. Borie.....................  Mar. 5, 1869               Ulysses S. Grant.
26. George M. Robeson...................  Dec. 8, 1869                   Do.\6\
      Do................................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
27. Richard W. Thompson.................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
28. Nathan Goff, Jr.....................  Jan. 6, 1881                   Do.
29. William H. Hunt.....................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
30. William E. Chandler.................  Apr. 12, 1882              Chester A. Arthur.
31. William C. Whitney..................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
32. Benjamin F. Tracy...................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
33. Hilary A. Herbert...................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
34. John D. Long........................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
      Do................................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
35. William H. Moody....................  Apr. 29, 1902              Theodore Roosevelt.
36. Paul Morton.........................  Dec. 7, 1904                   Do.\7\
      Do................................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
37. Charles J. Bonaparte................  Dec. 7, 1905               Theodore Roosevelt.\8\
38. Victor H. Metcalf...................  Dec. 12, 1906                  Do.
39. Truman H. Newberry..................  Dec. 9, 1908                   Do.
40. George von L. Meyer.................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
41. Josephus Daniels....................  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
42. Edwin Denby.........................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
      Do................................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
43. Curtis D. Wilbur....................  Mar. 18, 1924                  Do.
44. Charles Francis Adams...............  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
45. Claude A. Swanson...................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
46. Charles Edison......................  Jan. 11, 1940                  Do.
47. Frank Knox..........................  July 10, 1940                  Do.
48. James V. Forrestal..................  May 17, 1944                   Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Navy and War Departments were merged into the National Military Establishment by Public Law 253, 80th
  Cong., approved July 26, 1947.
\1\Recess appointment. Began service July 27, 1801.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Sept. 16, 1823.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service May 23, 1831.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service July 24, 1843. Rejected by the Senate on Jan. 15, 1844.
\5\Recess appointment. Began service Sept. 9, 1846.
\6\Recess appointment. Began service June 26, 1869.
\7\Recess appointment. Began service July 1, 1904.
\8\Recess appointment. Began service July 1, 1905.
 


[[Page 734]]

            1978

                                           SECRETARIES OF THE INTERIOR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Thomas Ewing........................  Mar. 7, 1849               Zachary Taylor.
 2. Thomas M. T. McKennan...............  Aug. 15, 1850              Millard Fillmore.
 3. Alex H. H. Stuart...................  Sept. 12, 1850                 Do.
 4. Robert McClelland...................  Mar. 7, 1853               Franklin Pierce.
 5. Jacob Thompson......................  Mar. 6, 1857               James Buchanan.
 6. Caleb B. Smith......................  Mar. 5, 1861               Abraham Lincoln.
 7. John P. Usher.......................  Jan. 8, 1863                   Do.
      Do................................  Apr. 15, 1865              Andrew Johnson.
 8. James Harlan........................  May 15, 1865                   Do.\1\
 9. Orville H. Browning.................  July 27, 1866                  Do.
10. Jacob D. Cox........................  Mar. 5, 1869               Ulysses S. Grant.
11. Columbus Delano.....................  Dec. 8, 1870                   Do.
      Do................................  Mar. 17, 1873                  Do.
12. Zachariah Chandler..................  Dec. 9, 1875                   Do.\2\
13. Carl Schurz.........................  Mar. 10, 1877              Rutherford B. Hayes.
14. Samuel J. Kirkwood..................  Mar. 5, 1881               James A. Garfield.
15. Henry M. Teller.....................  Apr. 6, 1882               Chester A. Arthur.
16. Lucius Q. C. Lamar..................  Mar. 6, 1885               Grover Cleveland.
17. William F. Vilas....................  Jan. 16, 1888                  Do.
18. John W. Noble.......................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
19. Hoke Smith..........................  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
20. David R. Francis....................  Jan. 18, 1897                  Do.\3\
21. Cornelius N. Bliss..................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
22. Ethan Allen Hitchcock...............  Dec. 21, 1898                  Do.
      Do................................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Theodore Roosevelt.
      Do................................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
23. James R. Garfield...................  Jan. 15, 1907                  Do.
24. Richard A. Ballinger................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
25. Walter L. Fisher....................  Apr. 17, 1911                  Do.
26. Franklin Knight Lane................  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
27. John Barton Payne...................  Feb. 28, 1920                  Do.
28. Albert Bacon Fall...................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
29. Hubert Work.........................  Feb. 27, 1923                  Do.
      Do................................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
30. Roy O. West.........................  July 20, 1928                  Do.
31. Ray Lyman Wilbur....................  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
32. Harold L. Ickes.....................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
      Do................................  .........................  Harry S. Truman.
33. Julius A. Krug......................  Mar. 5, 1946                   Do.
34. Oscar L. Chapman....................  Jan. 18, 1950                  Do.\4\
35. Douglas McKay.......................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
36. Frederick A. Seaton.................  June 6, 1956                   Do.
37. Stewart Lee Udall...................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
      Do................................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
38. Walter J. Hickel....................  Jan. 23, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
39. Rogers C. B. Morton.................  Jan. 28, 1971                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
40. Stanley K. Hathaway.................  June 11, 1975                  Do.
41. Thomas S. Kleppe....................  Oct. 9, 1975                   Do.
42. Cecil D. Andrus.....................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
43. James Gaius Watt....................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
44. William P. Clark....................  Nov. 18, 1983                  Do.
45. Donald P. Hodel.....................  Feb. 6, 1985                   Do.
46. Manuel Lujan, Jr....................  Feb. 2, 1989               George Bush.
47. Bruce Babbitt.......................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
48. Gale A. Norton......................  Jan. 30, 2001              George W. Bush.
49. Dirk Kempthorne.....................  May 26, 2006                   Do.
50. Ken Salazar.........................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
51. Sally Jewell........................  Apr. 10, 2013                  Do.
52. Ryan Zinke..........................  Mar. 1, 2017               Donald J. Trump.
53. David Bernhardt.....................  Apr. 11, 2019                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Harlan was nominated by Abraham Lincoln and confirmed by the Senate on Mar. 9, 1865, to take effect on May
  15, 1865.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Oct. 19, 1875.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service Sept. 1, 1896.
\4\Recess appointment. Began service Dec. 1, 1949.
 


[[Page 735]]

            1979

                                           SECRETARIES OF AGRICULTURE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Norman J. Coleman...................  Feb. 13, 1889              Grover Cleveland.
 2. Jeremiah M. Rusk....................  Mar. 5, 1889               Benjamin Harrison.
 3. Julius Sterling Morton..............  Mar. 6, 1893               Grover Cleveland.
 4. James Wilson........................  Mar. 5, 1897               William McKinley.
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1901                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Theodore Roosevelt.
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do.
       Do...............................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
 5. David Franklin Houston..............  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
 6. Edwin Thomas Meredith...............  Jan. 31, 1920                  Do.
 7. Henry C. Wallace....................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
 8. Howard M. Gore......................  Dec. 4, 1924                   Do.
 9. William M. Jardine..................  Feb. 17, 1925                  Do.
10. Arthur L. Hyde......................  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
11. Henry A. Wallace....................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
12. Claude R. Wickard...................  Aug. 23, 1940                  Do.
13. Clinton P. Anderson.................  June 1, 1945               Harry S. Truman.
14. Charles F. Brannan..................  May 28, 1948                   Do.
15. Ezra Taft Benson....................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
16. Orville L. Freeman..................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
17. Clifford M. Hardin..................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
18. Earl Lauer Butz.....................  Dec. 2, 1971                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
19. John A. Knebel......................  Nov. 3, 1976                   Do.\1\
20. Bob S. Bergland.....................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
21. John R. Block.......................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
22. Richard E. Lyng.....................  Mar. 6, 1986                   Do.
23. Clayton K. Yeutter..................  Feb. 8, 1989               George Bush.
24. Edward R. Madigan...................  Mar. 7, 1991                   Do.
25. Mike Espy...........................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
26. Daniel R. Glickman..................  Mar. 30, 1995                  Do.
27. Ann M. Veneman......................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush
28. Mike Johanns........................  Jan. 20, 2005                  Do.
29. Edward Schafer......................  Jan. 28, 2008                  Do.
30. Tom Vilsack.........................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
31. Sonny Perdue........................  Apr. 24, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Recess appointment. Nomination not confirmed by the Senate.
 

                                                                    1980

                                       SECRETARIES OF COMMERCE AND LABOR*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. George B. Cortelyou.................  Feb. 16, 1903              Theodore Roosevelt.
 2. Victor H. Metcalf...................  Dec. 7, 1904                   Do.\1\
       Do...............................  Mar. 6, 1905                   Do
 3. Oscar S. Straus.....................  Dec. 12, 1906                  Do.
 4. Charles Nagel.......................  Mar. 5, 1909               William H. Taft.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Department of Commerce and Labor abolished Mar. 3, 1913.
\1\Recess appointment. Began service July 1, 1904.
 

                                                                    1981

                                             SECRETARIES OF COMMERCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. William C. Redfield.................  Mar. 4, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
 2. Joshua Wills Alexander..............  Dec. 11, 1919                  Do.
 3. Herbert C. Hoover...................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
 4. William F. Whiting..................  Dec. 11, 1928                  Do.\1\
 5. Robert Patterson Lamont.............  Mar. 5, 1929               Herbert C. Hoover.
 6. Roy Dikeman Chapin..................  Dec. 14, 1932                  Do.\2\
 7. Daniel C. Roper.....................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
 8. Harry L. Hopkins....................  Jan. 23, 1939                  Do.
 9. Jesse H. Jones......................  Sept. 14, 1940                 Do.

[[Page 736]]

 
10. Henry A. Wallace....................  Mar. 1, 1945                   Do.
11. W. Averell Harriman.................  Jan. 27, 1947              Harry S. Truman.\3\
12. Charles Sawyer......................  May 5, 1948                    Do.
13. Sinclair Weeks......................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
14. Lewis L. Strauss....................  .........................      Do.\4\
15. Frederick Henry Mueller.............  Aug. 6, 1959                   Do.
16. Luther H. Hodges....................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
17. John T. Connor......................  Jan. 15, 1965                  Do.
18. Alexander B. Trowbridge.............  June 8, 1967                   Do.
19. C. R. Smith.........................  Mar. 1, 1968                   Do.
20. Maurice H. Stans....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
21. Peter G. Peterson...................  Feb. 21, 1972                  Do.
22. Frederick B. Dent...................  Jan. 18, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
23. Rogers C. B. Morton.................  Apr. 25, 1975                  Do.
24. Elliot L. Richardson................  Dec. 11, 1975                  Do.
25. Juanita M. Kreps....................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
26. Philip M. Klutznick.................  Dec. 20, 1979                  Do.
27. Malcolm Baldrige....................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
28. C. William Verity, Jr...............  Oct. 13, 1987                  Do.
29. Robert A. Mosbacher.................  Jan. 31, 1989              George Bush.
30. Barbara H. Franklin.................  Feb. 27, 1992                  Do.
31. Ronald H. Brown.....................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
32. Michael Kantor......................  .........................      Do.\5\
33. William M. Daley....................  Jan. 30, 1997                  Do.
34. Norman Y. Mineta....................  July 20, 2000                  Do.
35. Donald L. Evans.....................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
36. Carlos Gutierrez....................  Jan. 24, 2005                  Do.
37. Gary Locke..........................  Mar. 24, 2009              Barack Obama.
38. John E. Bryson......................  Oct. 20, 2011                  Do.
39. Penny Pritzker......................  June 25, 2013                  Do.
40. Wilbur Ross.........................  Feb. 27, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Recess appointment. Began service Aug. 22, 1928.
\2\Recess appointment. Began service Aug. 8, 1932.
\3\Recess appointment. Began service Oct. 7, 1946.
\4\Recess appointment. Served from Nov. 13, 1958 to June 30, 1958. Nomination rejected by the Senate (June 18,
  1959).
\5\Recess appointment. Served from Apr. 12, 1996 to Jan. 21, 1997.
 

            1982

                                              SECRETARIES OF LABOR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. William Bauchop Wilson..............  Mar. 5, 1913               Woodrow Wilson.
 2. James J. Davis......................  Mar. 4, 1921               Warren G. Harding.
       Do...............................  .........................  Calvin Coolidge.
 3. William N. Doak.....................  Dec. 8, 1930               Herbert C. Hoover.
 4. Frances Perkins.....................  Mar. 4, 1933               Franklin D. Roosevelt.
 5. Lewis B. Schwellenbach..............  May 31, 1945               Harry S. Truman.
 6. Maurice J. Tobin....................  Jan. 31, 1949                  Do.\1\
 7. Martin P. Durkin....................  Jan. 21, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
 8. James P. Mitchell...................  Jan. 19, 1954                  Do.
 9. Arthur J. Goldberg..................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
10. W. Willard Wirtz....................  Sept. 20, 1962                 Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
11. George P. Shultz....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
12. James D. Hodgson....................  June 17, 1970                  Do.
13. Peter J. Brennan....................  Jan. 31, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
14. John T. Dunlop......................  Mar. 6, 1975                   Do.
15. Willie J. Usery, Jr.................  Feb. 4, 1976                   Do.
16. Ray Marshall........................  Jan. 26, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
17. Raymond J. Donovan..................  Feb. 3, 1981               Ronald Reagan.
18. William E. Brock III................  April 26, 1985                 Do.
19. Ann D. McLaughlin...................  Dec. 11, 1987                  Do.
20. Elizabeth H. Dole...................  Jan. 25, 1989              George Bush.
21. Lynn Martin.........................  Feb. 7, 1991                   Do.
22. Robert B. Reich.....................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.

[[Page 737]]

 
23. Alexis M. Herman....................  Apr. 30, 1997                  Do.
24. Elaine L. Chao......................  Jan. 29, 2001              George W. Bush.
25. Hilda Solis.........................  Feb. 24, 2009              Barack Obama.
26. Thomas Perez........................  July 18, 2013                  Do.
27. Alexander Acosta....................  Apr. 27, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
28. Eugene Scalia.......................  Sept. 26, 2017                 Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Recess appointment. Began service on Aug. 13, 1948.
 

                                                                    1983

                                    SECRETARIES OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Oveta Culp Hobby....................  Apr. 10, 1953              Dwight D. Eisenhower.
 2. Marion B. Folsom....................  July 20, 1955                  Do.
 3. Arthur S. Flemming..................  July 9, 1958                   Do.
 4. Abraham Ribicoff....................  Jan. 21, 1961              John F. Kennedy.
 5. Anthony J. Celebrezze...............  July 20, 1962                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Lyndon B. Johnson.
 6. John W. Gardner.....................  Aug. 11, 1965                  Do.
 7. Wilbur J. Cohen.....................  May 9, 1968                    Do.
 8. Robert H. Finch.....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
 9. Elliot L. Richardson................  June 15, 1970                  Do.
10. Caspar W. Weinberger................  Feb. 8, 1973                   Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
11. Forrest David Mathews...............  July 22, 1975                  Do.
12. Joseph A. Califano, Jr..............  Jan. 24, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
13. Patricia Roberts Harris.............  July 27, 1979                  Do.
14. Richard S. Schweiker................  Jan. 21, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
15. Margaret M. Heckler.................  Mar. 7, 1983                   Do.
16. Dr. Otis R. Bowen...................  Dec. 12, 1985                  Do.
17. Dr. Louis W. Sullivan...............  Mar. 1, 1989               George Bush.
18. Donna E. Shalala....................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
19. Tommy G. Thompson...................  Jan. 24, 2001              George W. Bush.
20. Michael Leavitt.....................  Jan. 26, 2005                  Do.
21. Kathleen Sebelius...................  Apr. 28, 2009              Barack Obama.
22. Sylvia Mathews Burwell..............  June 5, 2014                   Do.
23. Tom Price...........................  Feb. 10, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
24. Alex Azar...........................  Jan. 24, 2018                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was created by Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953, approved
  Apr. 1, 1953 (67 Stat. 18; 5 U.S.C. 623), which, effective Apr. 11, 1953, abolished the Federal Security
  Agency and transferred its functions to the new Department. Name changed from Department of Health, Education,
  and Welfare effective May 4, 1980, pursuant to Executive Order 12212 of May 2, 1980.
 

                                                                    1984

                                  SECRETARIES OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Robert C. Weaver....................  Jan. 17, 1966              Lyndon B. Johnson.
 2. Robert C. Wood......................  .........................      Do.\1\
 3. George W. Romney....................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
 4. James T. Lynn.......................  Jan. 31, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
 5. Carla Anderson Hills................  Mar. 5, 1975                   Do.
 6. Patricia Roberts Harris.............  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
 7. Moon Landrieu.......................  Sept. 12, 1979                 Do.
 8. Samuel R. Pierce, Jr................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
 9. Jack Kemp...........................  Feb. 2, 1989               George Bush.
10. Henry G. Cisneros...................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
11. Andrew Cuomo........................  Jan. 29, 1997                  Do.
12. Mel R. Martinez.....................  Jan. 23, 2001              George W. Bush.
13. Alphonso R. Jackson.................  Mar. 31, 2004                  Do.
14. Steven C. Preston...................  June 4, 2008                   Do.
15. Shaun Donovan.......................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
16. Julian Castro.......................  July 9, 2014                   Do.

[[Page 738]]

 
17. Ben Carson..........................  Mar. 2, 2017               Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Housing and Urban Development was created by Public Law 89-174, approved Sept. 9, 1965.
\1\Recess appointment. Served from Jan. 7, 1969 to Jan. 20, 1969.
 

            1985

                                         SECRETARIES OF TRANSPORTATION*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Alan S. Boyd........................  Jan. 17, 1967              Lyndon B. Johnson.
 2. John A. Volpe.......................  Jan. 20, 1969              Richard M. Nixon.
 3. Claude S. Brinegar..................  Jan. 18, 1973                  Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  Gerald R. Ford.
 4. William T. Coleman, Jr..............  Mar. 3, 1975                   Do.
 5. Brockman Adams......................  Jan. 20, 1977              Jimmy Carter.
 6. Neil Goldschmidt....................  Sept. 21, 1979                 Do.
 7. Andrew L. Lewis, Jr.................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
 8. Elizabeth Hanford Dole..............  Feb. 1, 1983                   Do.
 9. James H. Burnley IV.................  Nov. 30, 1987                  Do.
10. Samuel K. Skinner...................  Jan. 31, 1989              George Bush.
11. Andrew H. Card, Jr..................  Feb. 21, 1992                  Do.
12. Federico Pena.......................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
13. Rodney E. Slater....................  Feb. 6, 1997                   Do.
14. Norman Y. Mineta....................  Jan. 24, 2001              George W. Bush.
15. Mary Peters.........................  Sept. 29, 2006                 Do.
16. Ray LaHood..........................  Jan. 22, 2009              Barack Obama.
17. Anthony Foxx........................  June 27, 2013                  Do.
18. Elaine Chao.........................  Jan. 31, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Transportation was created by Public Law 89-670, approved Oct. 15, 1966.
 

            1986

                                             SECRETARIES OF ENERGY*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. James R. Schlesinger................  Aug. 4, 1977               Jimmy Carter.
 2. Charles William Duncan, Jr..........  July 31, 1979                  Do.
 3. James B. Edwards....................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
 4. Donald P. Hodel.....................  Dec. 8, 1982                   Do.
 5. John S. Herrington..................  Feb. 6, 1985                   Do.
 6. James D. Watkins....................  Mar. 1, 1989               George Bush.
 7. Hazel Rollins O'Leary...............  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
 8. Frederico Pena......................  Mar. 12, 1997                  Do.
 9. Bill Richardson.....................  July 31, 1998                  Do.
10. Spencer Abraham.....................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
11. Sam Bodman..........................  Jan. 31, 2005                  Do.
12. Steven Chu..........................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
13. Ernest Moniz........................  May 16, 2013                   Do.
14. Rick Perry..........................  Mar. 2, 2017               Donald J. Trump.
15. Dan R. Brouillette..................  Dec. 2, 2017                   Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Energy was created by Public Law 95-91, approved Aug. 4, 1977.
 

            1987

                                            SECRETARIES OF EDUCATION*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Shirley Mount Hufstedler.............  Nov. 30, 1979              Jimmy Carter.
2. T.H. Bell............................  Jan. 22, 1981              Ronald Reagan.
3. William J. Bennett...................  Feb. 6, 1985                   Do.
4. Lauro F. Cavazos.....................  Sept. 20, 1988                 Do.
       Do...............................  .........................  George Bush.
5. Lamar Alexander......................  Mar. 14, 1991                  Do.

[[Page 739]]

 
6. Richard W. Riley.....................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
7. Roderick R. Paige....................  Jan. 20, 2001              George W. Bush.
8. Margaret Spellings...................  Jan. 20, 2005                  Do.
9. Arne Duncan..........................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
10. John King...........................  Mar. 14, 2016                  Do.
11. Betsy DeVos.........................  Feb. 7, 2017               Donald J. Trump.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Education was created by Public Law 96-88, approved Oct. 17, 1979, and became effective May
  4, 1980, pursuant to Executive Order 12212 of May 2, 1980.
 

                                                                    1988

                                        SECRETARIES OF VETERANS AFFAIRS*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Edward J. Derwinski..................  Mar. 2, 1989               George Bush.
2. Jesse Brown..........................  Jan. 21, 1993              William J. Clinton.
3. Togo D. West, Jr.....................  Apr. 28, 1998                  Do.\1\
4. Anthony J. Principi..................  Jan. 23, 2001              George W. Bush.
5. Jim Nicholson........................  Jan. 26, 2005                  Do.
6. James Peake..........................  Dec. 14, 2007                  Do.
7. Eric Shinseki........................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
8. Robert A. McDonald...................  July 29, 2014                  Do.
9. David Shulkin........................  Feb. 13, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
10. Robert Wilkie.......................  Feb. 13, 2017                  Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The Department of Veterans Affairs was created by Public Law 100-527, approved Oct. 25, 1988, which abolished
  the Veterans Administration and transferred its functions to the new Department, effective Mar. 15, 1989.
\1\Recess appointment. Began service Jan. 2, 1998.

                                                                    1989

                                        SECRETARIES OF HOMELAND SECURITY*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Name                        Confirmation date                       President
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Tom Ridge............................  Jan. 22, 2003              George W. Bush.
2. Michael Chertoff.....................  Feb. 15, 2005                  Do.
3. Janet Napolitano.....................  Jan. 20, 2009              Barack Obama.
4. Jeh Johnson..........................  Dec. 16, 2013                  Do.
5. John Kelly...........................  Jan. 30, 2017              Donald J. Trump.
6. Kirstjen Nielsen.....................  Dec. 5, 2017                   Do.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Created by Public Law 107-296, approved Nov. 25, 2002.





[[Page 740]]
                                                       [1990]
 
                             RATIFICATION\1\ OF THE CONSTITUTION BY THE THIRTEEN ORIGINAL STATES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Date of            Votes cast       Population at                    Area in
              State               ratification of the --------------------     date of       Population,     square                 Remarks
                                      Constitution       Yeas      Nays     ratification     2000 census      miles
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Delaware........................  Dec. 7, 1787.......     \2\30  ........          59,096         783,600       2,045  .................................
Pennsylvania....................  Dec. 12, 1787......        46        23         434,373      12,281,054      45,308  .................................
New Jersey......................  Dec. 18, 1787......     \2\38  ........         184,139       8,414,350       7,787  .................................
Georgia.........................  Jan. 2, 1788.......     \2\26  ........          82,548       8,186,453      58,910  Seceded Jan. 19, 1861. Readmitted
                                                                                                                        to representation by the act of
                                                                                                                        July 15, 1870.
Connecticut.....................  Jan. 9, 1788.......       128        40         238,141       3,405,565       5,018  .................................
Massachusetts...................  Feb. 6, 1788.......       187       168         378,787       6,349,097       8,284  .................................
Maryland........................  Apr. 28, 1788......        63        11         319,728       5,296,486      10,460  .................................
South Carolina..................  May 23, 1788.......       149        73         249,073       4,012,012      31,113  Seceded Dec. 20, 1860. Readmitted
                                                                                                                        to representation upon ratifying
                                                                                                                        the Fourteenth Amendment, July
                                                                                                                        9, 1868.
New Hampshire...................  June 21, 1788......        57        46         141,899       1,235,786       9,279  .................................
Virginia........................  June 25, 1788......        89        79         747,610       7,078,515  \3\ 40,767  Seceded Apr. 17, 1861. Readmitted
                                                                                                                        to representation by the act of
                                                                                                                        Jan. 26, 1870.
New York........................  July 26, 1788......        30        27         340,120      18,976,457      49,108  .................................
North Carolina..................  Nov. 21, 1789......       184        77         393,751       8,049,313      52,669  Seceded May 21, 1861. Readmitted
                                                                                                                        to representation upon ratifying
                                                                                                                        the Fourteenth Amendment, July
                                                                                                                        4, 1868.
Rhode Island....................  May 29, 1790.......        34        32          68,825       1,048,319       1,212  .................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\The Constitution was adopted by Convention of the States, Sept. 17, 1787, and was subsequently ratified by the several States in the order listed.
\2\Unanimous.
\3\The area of Virginia at the date of ratification was 61,352 square miles, but Dec. 31, 1862, a portion of its territory was set off and admitted into
  the Union as a free and independent State under the name of West Virginia.



[[Page 741]]
 
                                       [1991]

                                   STATES ADMITTED INTO THE UNION SINCE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Population at                    Area in
               State                    Date of admission        time of       Population,     square                       Formation
                                                                admission      2000 census      miles
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vermont............................  Mar. 4, 1791..........          85,539         608,827       9,614  Formed from a portion of the territory of the
                                                                                                          State of New York.
Kentucky...........................  June 1, 1792..........          73,677       4,041,769      40,410  Formed from a portion of the territory of the
                                                                                                          State of Virginia.
Tennessee..........................  June 1, 1796..........          77,262       5,689,283      42,144  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by North Carolina. Seceded June 8,
                                                                                                          1861. Readmitted to representation by joint
                                                                                                          resolution of July 24, 1866.
Ohio...............................  Mar. 1, 1803\1\.......          41,915      11,353,140      41,330  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the State of Virginia.
Louisiana..........................  Apr. 30, 1812.........          76,556       4,468,976      47,752  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by France under the Treaty of Paris of
                                                                                                          Apr. 30, 1803. Seceded Jan. 26, 1861.
                                                                                                          Readmitted to representation upon ratifying
                                                                                                          the Fourteenth Amendment, July 9, 1868.
Indiana............................  Dec. 11, 1816.........          63,897       6,080,485      36,185  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the State of Virginia.
Mississippi........................  Dec. 10, 1817.........          75,512       2,844,658      47,689  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the States of Georgia and South
                                                                                                          Carolina. Seceded Jan. 9, 1861. Readmitted to
                                                                                                          representation by act of Feb. 23, 1870.
Illinois...........................  Dec. 3, 1818..........          34,620      12,419,293      56,345  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the State of Virginia.
Alabama............................  Dec. 14, 1819.........         144,317       4,447,100      51,705  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the States of South Carolina and
                                                                                                          Georgia. Seceded Jan. 11, 1861. Readmitted to
                                                                                                          representation upon ratifying the Fourteenth
                                                                                                          Amendment, July 13, 1868.
Maine..............................  Mar. 15, 1820.........         298,335       1,274,923      33,265  Formed from a portion of the territory of the
                                                                                                          State of Massachusetts.
Missouri...........................  Aug. 10, 1821.........          66,586       5,595,211      69,697  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France, under the name of
                                                                                                          ``Louisiana,'' by the Treaty of Paris of 1803.
Arkansas...........................  June 15, 1836.........          52,240       2,673,400      53,187  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France, under the name of
                                                                                                          ``Louisiana,'' by the Treaty of Paris of 1803.
                                                                                                          Seceded May 6, 1861. Readmitted to
                                                                                                          representation upon ratifying the Fourteenth
                                                                                                          Amendment, June 22, 1868.
Michigan...........................  Jan. 26, 1837.........        *200,000       9,938,444      58,527  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the State of Virginia.
Florida............................  Mar. 3, 1845..........          54,477      15,982,378      58,664  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by Spain by Treaty of Washington of
                                                                                                          Feb. 22, 1819. Seceded Jan. 11, 1861.
                                                                                                          Readmitted to representation upon ratifying
                                                                                                          the Fourteenth Amendment, June 25, 1868.
Texas..............................  Dec. 29, 1845.........        *250,000      20,851,820     266,807  This State was originally a part of the
                                                                                                          Republic of Mexico, but by a successful revolt
                                                                                                          the people established for themselves an
                                                                                                          independent republican government, and were
                                                                                                          subsequently annexed to the United States.
                                                                                                          Seceded Feb. 1, 1861. Readmitted to
                                                                                                          representation by the act of Mar. 30, 1870.
Iowa...............................  Dec. 28, 1846.........          81,920       2,926,324      56,275  Formed from a portion of the Territory of
                                                                                                          Wisconsin, as the ``Territory of Iowa,'' June
                                                                                                          12, 1838.
Wisconsin..........................  May 29, 1848..........         210,596       5,363,675      56,153  Formed from a portion of the territory of the
                                                                                                          State of Michigan, as the ``Territory of
                                                                                                          Wisconsin,'' Apr. 20, 1836.
California.........................  Sept. 9, 1850.........         107,000      33,871,648     158,706  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by Mexico by the Treaty of Guadalupe
                                                                                                          Hidalgo of Feb. 2, 1848.
Minnesota..........................  May 11, 1858..........         150,042       4,919,479      84,402  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Paris of Apr. 30, 1803.

[[Page 742]]

 
Oregon.............................  Feb. 14, 1859.........          52,465       3,421,399      97,073  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by the Treaty with France of Apr. 30,
                                                                                                          1803, the Treaty with Spain of Feb. 22, 1819,
                                                                                                          and the Treaty with Great Britain of June 15,
                                                                                                          1846.
Kansas.............................  Jan. 29, 1861.........         107,206       2,688,418      82,277  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by France by the Treaty of Paris of
                                                                                                          Apr. 30, 1803, and by the State of Texas, in
                                                                                                          the settlement of her boundaries, in 1850.
West Virginia......................  June 20, 1863.........         376,683       1,808,344      24,232  Formed from a portion of the territory of the
                                                                                                          State of Virginia.
Nevada.............................  Oct. 31, 1864.........         *40,000       1,998,257     110,561  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by Mexico by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Guadalupe Hidalgo of Feb. 2, 1848.
Nebraska...........................  Mar. 1, 1867..........         *60,000       1,711,263      77,355  Formed from a petition of the territory ceded
                                                                                                          to the United States by France by the Treaty
                                                                                                          of Paris of Apr. 30, 1803.
Colorado...........................  Aug. 1, 1876..........        *150,000       4,301,261     104,091  Formed from portions of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Paris of Apr. 30, 1803 and of that ceded by
                                                                                                          Mexico by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of
                                                                                                          Feb. 2, 1848.
South Dakota.......................  Nov. 2, 1889..........        *460,000         754,844      77,116  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Paris of Apr. 30, 1803.
North Dakota.......................  Nov. 2, 1889..........                         642,200      70,702      Do.
Montana............................  Nov. 8, 1889..........        *112,000         902,195     147,046      Do.
Washington.........................  Nov. 11, 1889.........        *273,000       5,894,121      68,139  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by France by Treaty of Paris of Apr.
                                                                                                          30, 1803. The northern boundary of the
                                                                                                          territory was settled by a treaty with Great
                                                                                                          Britain, known as the ``Oregon Treaty'' of
                                                                                                          June 15, 1846.
Idaho..............................  July 3, 1890..........          84,385       1,293,953      83,564  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Paris of Apr. 30, 1803.
Wyoming............................  July 10, 1890.........          60,705         493,782      97,809  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by France by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Paris of Apr. 30, 1803.
Utah...............................  Jan. 4, 1896..........        *241,000       2,233,169      84,899  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by Mexico by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Guadalupe Hidalgo of Feb. 2, 1848.
Oklahoma...........................  Nov. 16, 1907.........      *1,414,177       3,450,654      69,956  Formed by the union of Oklahoma Territory and
                                                                                                          Indian Territory.
New Mexico.........................  Jan. 6, 1912..........        *338,470       1,819,046     121,593  Formed from a portion of the territory ceded to
                                                                                                          the United States by Mexico by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Guadalupe Hidalgo of Feb. 2, 1848.
Arizona............................  Feb. 14, 1912.........        *216,639       5,130,632     114,000  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by Mexico, part by the Treaty of
                                                                                                          Guadalupe Hidalgo of Feb. 2, 1848, and part by
                                                                                                          what is known as the ``Gadsden Purchase,''
                                                                                                          Dec. 30, 1853.
Alaska.............................  Jan. 3, 1959..........        *211,000         626,932     591,004  Formed from territory ceded to the United
                                                                                                          States by Russia by treaty of Mar. 30, 1867.
Hawaii.............................  Aug. 21, 1959.........        *595,000       1,211,537       6,471  Formed from the territory of the Republic of
                                                                                                          Hawaii, annexed to the United States by act of
                                                                                                          Congress of July 7, 1898.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Estimated.
\1\By Public Law 204 of the 83d Cong., approved Aug. 7, 1953 (67 Stat. 407), Congress corrected an oversight of one-and-one-half centuries and formally
  admitted the State of Ohio to the Union, setting Mar. 1, 1803, as the effective date of admission.

      

[[Page 743]]
                                             [1992]
 
                                  THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       Area in
              Territory                  Date of establishment of      Population,     square                           Formation
                                          territorial government       2000 census      miles
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
District of Columbia.................  ............................         572,059          69  Established under Art. I, sec. 8, clause 17 of
                                                                                                  Constitution. Territory originally ceded by Maryland
                                                                                                  (legislative act of Dec. 23, 1788) and Virginia
                                                                                                  (legislative act of Dec. 3, 1789). Cessions accepted
                                                                                                  by Congress by act of July 16, 1790; lines and bounds
                                                                                                  established by proclamation of President Washington,
                                                                                                  Mar. 30, 1791. Virginia's cession retroceded by act of
                                                                                                  Congress July 9, 1846. The government of the District
                                                                                                  is administered by a Mayor and a 13-member Council,
                                                                                                  all of whom are elected by the citizens of the
                                                                                                  District of Columbia. All acts of the council are
                                                                                                  reviewable by Congress. (Dec. 24, 1973, Pub. L. 93-
                                                                                                  198.) Pursuant to the District of Columbia Delegate
                                                                                                  Act the District of Columbia now has a non-voting
                                                                                                  Delegate to the House of Representatives. (Sept. 22,
                                                                                                  1970, Pub. L. 91-405, Sec. Sec.  201-206, 84 Stat.
                                                                                                  848.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 744]]
                                      [1993]
 
                     COMMONWEALTH OF PUERTO RICO, THE INSULAR POSSESSIONS, AND TRUST TERRITORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                            Area in
           Insular possession                Date of establishment of       Population,     square                        Acquisition
                                                insular government          2010 census      miles
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico............  July 25, 1952..................       3,725,789       3,421  Ceded to United States by Spain by the Treaty of
                                                                                                       Paris, Dec. 10, 1898. The constitution of the
                                                                                                       Commonwealth was approved July 3, 1952.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Guam...................................  Aug. 1, 1950...................         159,358         209  Ceded to the United States by Spain by the Treaty
                                                                                                       of Paris, Dec. 10, 1898.
American Samoa.........................        (\1\)                              55,579          77  Acquired by the United States Feb. 16, 1900, under
                                                                                                       terms of Tripartite Treaty Dec. 2, 1899. Full
                                                                                                       sovereignty accepted from native chiefs by United
                                                                                                       States Feb. 20, 1929.
Virgin Islands.........................  June 22, 1936..................         106,415         132  By purchase from Denmark, Mar. 3, 1917, for
                                                                                                       $25,000,000. The Revised Organic Act of 1954 is
                                                                                                       the basis for the present territorial government.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.        (\1\) (\2\)                ..............  ..........  Occupied during World War II. Placed under the
                                                                                                       United Nations Trusteeship system in 1947 by
                                                                                                       agreement with the Security Council of the United
                                                                                                       Nations.
Northern Mariana Islands...............  Jan. 9, 1978...................          53,883         184  Concluded future political status negotiations in
                                                                                                       1975 which will establish a commonwealth
                                                                                                       relationship with the U.S. at termination of the
                                                                                                       trusteeship. Covenant providing this relationship
                                                                                                       passed by Congress in March 1976 (Pub. L. 94-
                                                                                                       241).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Administered under jurisdiction of the Department of the Interior, with a locally drafted constitution and elected governor and legislature.
\2\ As of November 3, 1986 the Marshall Islands and the Federal States of Micronesia became freely associated states. The 2015 population of the
  remaining territory, the Republic of Palau, was 17,661.


[[Page 745]]
                                       [1994]
 
                                APPORTIONMENTS OF REPRESENTATIVES
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             State                1787   1790   1800   1810   1820   1830   1840   1850   1860   1870   1880   1890   1900   1910   1930   1940   1950   1960   1970   1980   1990   2000   2010
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama........................  .....  .....  .....     *1      3      5      7      7      6      8      8      9      9     10      9      9      9      8      7      7      7      7      7
Alaska.........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      1      1      1      1
Arizona........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      2      3      4      5      6      8      9
Arkansas.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      3      4      5      6      7      7      7      7      6      4      4      4      4      4      4
California.....................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      2      3      4      6      7      8     11     20     23     30     38     43     45     52     53     53
Colorado.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      3      4      4      4      4      4      5      6      6      7      7
Connecticut....................      5      7      7      7      6      6      4      4      4      4      4      4      5      5      6      6      6      6      6      6      6      5      5
Delaware.......................      1      1      1      2      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1
Florida........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      2      2      2      3      4      5      6      8     12     15     19     23     25     27
Georgia........................      3      2      4      6      7      9      8      8      7      9     10     11     11     12     10     10     10     10     10     10     11     13     14
Hawaii.........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      2      2      2      2      2      2
Idaho..........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2
Illinois.......................  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      3      7      9     14     19     20     22     25     27     27     26     25     24     24     22     20     19     18
Indiana........................  .....  .....  .....     *1      3      7     10     11     11     13     13     13     13     13     12     11     11     11     11     10     10      9      9
Iowa...........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      2      6      9     11     11     11     11      9      8      8      7      6      6      5      5      4
Kansas.........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      1      3      7      8      8      8      7      6      6      5      5      5      4      4      4
Kentucky.......................  .....      2      6     10     12     13     10     10      9     10     11     11     11     11      9      9      8      7      7      7      6      6      6
Louisiana......................  .....  .....  .....     *1      3      3      4      4      5      6      6      6      7      8      8      8      8      8      8      8      7      7      6
Maine..........................  .....  .....  .....      7      7      8      7      6      3      5      4      4      4      4      3      3      3      2      2      2      2      2      2
Maryland.......................      6      8      9      9      9      8      6      6      5      6      6      6      6      6      6      6      7      8      8      8      8      8      8
Mass...........................      8     14     17     13     13     12     10     11     10     11     12     13     14     16     15     14     14     12     12     11     10     10      9
Michigan.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      3      4      6      9     11     12     12     13     17     17     18     19     19     18     16     15     14
Minnesota......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      2      3      5      7      9     10      9      9      9      8      8      8      8      8      8
Mississippi....................  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      4      5      5      6      7      7      8      8      7      7      6      5      5      5      5      4      4
Missouri.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....      1      2      5      7      9     13     14     15     16     16     13     13     11     10     10      9      9      9      8
Montana........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      1      1      1
Nebraska.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      3      6      6      6      5      4      4      3      3      3      3      3      3
Nevada.........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      2      2      3      4
N. Hamp........................      3      4      5      6      6      5      4      3      3      3      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2
N. Jersey......................      4      5      6      6      6      6      5      5      5      7      7      8     10     12     14     14     14     15     15     14     13     13     12
N. Mexico......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      2      2      2      3      3      3      3
New York.......................      6     10     17     27     34     40     34     33     31     33     34     34     37     43     45     45     43     41     39     34     31     29     27
N. Carolina....................      5     10     12     13     13     13      9      8      7      8      9      9     10     10     11     12     12     11     11     11     12     13     13
N. Dakota......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      3      2      2      2      2      1      1      1      1      1
Ohio...........................  .....  .....     *1      6     14     19     21     21     19     20     21     21     21     22     24     23     23     24     23     21     19     18     16
Oklahoma.......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *5      8      9      8      6      6      6      6      6      5      5
Oregon.........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      1      2      2      3      3      4      4      4      4      5      5      5      5
Penn...........................      8     13     18     23     26     28     24     25     24     27     28     30     32     36     34     33     30     27     25     23     21     19     18
Rhode Is.......................      1      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      3      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2      2

[[Page 746]]

 
S. Carolina....................      5      6      8      9      9      9      7      6      4      5      7      7      7      7      6      6      6      6      6      6      6      6      7
S. Dakota......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      2      2      3      2      2      2      2      2      1      1      1      1
Tennessee......................  .....     *1      3      6      9     13     11     10      8     10     10     10     10     10      9     10      9      9      8      9      9      9      9
Texas..........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      2      4      6     11     13     16     18     21     21     22     23     24     27     30     32     36
Utah...........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      2      2      2      2      2      2      3      3      3      4
Vermont........................  .....      2      4      6      5      5      4      3      3      3      2      2      2      2      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1
Virginia.......................     10     19     22     23     22     21     15     13     11      9     10     10     10     10      9      9     10     10     10     10     11     11     11
Washington.....................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      2      3      5      6      6      7      7      7      8      9      9     10
W. Virginia....................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....      3      4      4      5      6      6      6      6      5      4      4      3      3      3
Wisconsin......................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *2      3      6      8      9     10     11     11     10     10     10     10      9      9      9      8      8
Wyoming........................  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....  .....     *1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1
                                ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total........................     65    106    142    186    213    242    232    237    243    293    332    357    391    435    435    435    437    435    435    435    435    435    435
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Indicates representation of new States admitted after the respective decennial census apportionments.
 
Note: The original apportionment of Representatives was established in 1787 by the Constitution. Subsequent apportionments based on the 1st Census through the 6th Census were as follows
  (number of census, date of act, and ratio of persons per Representative): 1st, Apr. 14, 1792, 33,000; 2d, Jan. 14, 1802, 33,000; 3d, Dec. 21, 1811, 35,000; 4th, Mar. 7, 1822, 40,000; 5th,
  May 22, 1832, 47,700; 6th, June 25, 1842, 70,680. Apportionment based on the 7th Census (1850) through the 12th Census (1900) was determined by the Vinton method, and for the 13th Census
  (1910) and 15th Census (1930) the method of major fractions was employed, there being no reapportionment in 1920. Apportionment based on the 16th Census (1940), through the 21st Census
  (1990), was determined by the method of equal proportions, a description of which may be found in S. Doc. 304, 76th Cong., 3d sess.




[[Page 747]]
                                       [2000]
            ------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                    GENERAL INDEX

            ------------------------------------------------------------

                                Senate Manual Section

                                          A

            Absence of:
                    Senators...........................................6
                    Vice President.....................................1
            Additional views in committee reports.................26.10c
            Addresses, memorial, printing of.........................134
            Adjourn, motion to..............................6.4, 9, 22.1
            Adjournment of Congress...................................60
            Admission of States to the Union (table)................1991
            Advertising devices prohibited in Senate wing.........150.11
            Agency rulemaking, Congressional Review Act..........324-328
            Aging, Special Committee on. See Committees, special.
            Agriculture, Secretaries of (table).....................1979
            Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, Committee on. 
                See Committees, standing.
            Alabama:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1805, 1806
            Alaska:
                    Alaska national interest lands conservation, 
                        expedited congressional review...........340-342
                    Alaska natural gas transportation, 
                        congressional review.........................338
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1807, 1808
            Allowances to Senators. See Senators: Allowances.
            Amend, motion to........................................22.1
            Amendment(s):
                    Committee, not within jurisdiction..............15.5
                    Division of a question..........................15.3
                    Laid on table without prejudice to bill.........15.4
                    Not in order....................................14.7
                    Of the rules.......................................5
                    Of treaties.....................................30.1
                    Post cloture....................................22.2
                    To appropriation bills............................16
                    Waiving reading...................................73
            American Samoa (historical data)........................1993
            Americans With Disabilities Act, application to 
                Congress............................................42.2
            Announcement of committee hearings.....................26.4a
            Appeal from ruling of Chair.............................19.4

[[Page 748]]

            Appointment of:
                    Committees......................................24.1
                    Public officials..................................31
                    Senator to the Chair.............................1.3
                    Senators, certificates of...................2.2, 2.3
            Apportionments of Representatives (table)...............1994
            Appropriation bills. See Bills and resolutions.
            Appropriations (see also Budget process, 
                Congressional):
                    Annual basis for...............................26.13
                    Procedure on, in committee........................16
                    Reappropriating unexpended balances.............16.8
            Appropriations, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Architect of the Capitol:
                    Capitol Building (see also as main entry):
                            Senate wing of:
                                            Busts of former Vice 
                                                Presidents placed 
                                                in...................121
            Archivist
                    Records of Congress..............................131
            Area of (tables):
                    Insular possessions of the United States........1993
                    States other than the Thirteen Original States
                                                                    1991
                    Thirteen Original States........................1990
            Arizona:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1809, 1810
            Arkansas:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1811, 1812
            Armed Services, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Arms Export Control Act, congressional review of 
                exports..........................................365-372
            Art, works of, in the Capitol...................126-127, 130
                    Conservation, replacement, etc..............126, 130
            Art, Senate Commission on................................127
            Articles of Confederation...............................1701
            Assignment of space:
                    In Senate wing and Senate Office Buildings....25.1n,
            Assistant Secretary of Senate
                    Performance of duties of Chair by................1.2
            Atomic energy, nuclear cooperation agreements with 
                other countries, congressional review............385-391
            Attorneys General (table)...............................1975
            Authority of standing committees..................25.1, 26.1
            Authorizations, expenditure, for committees.............26.9

                                          B

            Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Committee on. 
                See Committees, standing.
            Base closure, Senate review of...........................337
            Begging prohibited in Senate wing.....................150.11
            Bills and resolutions:
                    Amendments. See as main entry.
                    Appropriation bills:

[[Page 749]]

                            Amendment(s) to...........................16
                            Annual basis for.......................26.13
                            Consideration of..........................16
                            New spending authority.................25.1b
                            Private claims not to be included.......16.5
                            Procedure on..............................16
                            Reappropriating unexpended balances.....16.8
                            Rescission of appropriations...........25.1b
                    Calendar call...............................7.2, 8.1
                    Commitment of...................................14.3
                    Cost estimates of proposals in................26.11a
                    Court of Federal Claims, reference to...........14.9
                    Enrollment of...................................14.5
                            Signing enrolled bills...................1.3
                    From the House of Representatives................7.3
                    Introduction of..............................7, 14.1
                    Modification of a resolution....................15.2
                    Motion to commit..........................14.7, 22.1
                    Pension bills............................14.9, 14.10
                    Preambles.......................................14.8
                    Printing of...............................11.4, 11.6
                    Private bills............................14.9, 14.10
                    Procedure on......................................14
                    Reading of......................................14.2
                    Reference of........................14.3, 17.2, 17.3
                    Reported from committee....14.4, 17.4, 17.5, 26.10b, 
                                                    26.10c, 26.11, 26.12
                            Reports to show proposed changes in 
                                existing law (Cordon rule).........26.12
                    To lie over one day.............................14.6
                    Withdrawal of a resolution......................15.2
            Broadcast:
                    Committee hearings and meetings................26.5c
                    Senate chamber proceedings........................70
            Budget, Committee on the. See Committees, standing.
            Budget process, Congressional See also Manual 
                Sec. 280, separate Contents of Title 2, Chapters 
                17 A and B.......................................280-306
                    Congressional budget and fiscal operations...280-301
                            Concurrent resolutions on the budget:
                                            Annual concurrent 
                                                resolution:
                                            Additional matters in 
                                                                     282
                                            Common economic 
                                                             assumptions
                                               ..........            282
                                            Consultation with 
                                                other committees 
                                                                     282
                                            Content of concurrent 
                                                              resolution
                                              ...........            282
                                                     Hearings and report
                                                   ......            282
                                            Maximum deficit may 
                                                         not be exceeded
                                                   ......            282
                                            Unemployment, 
                                                achieving goals 
                                                            for reducing
                                                .........            282
                                            Views and estimates of 
                                                other committees 
                                                                     282
                                            Committee allocations:
                                            Allocation of totals 
                                                                     283

[[Page 750]]

                                            Alteration of 
                                                             allocations
                                               ..........            283
                                            Determinations by 
                                                Budget Committees 
                                                                     283
                                                         Points of order
                                               ..........            283
                                            Reports by committees 
                                                                     283
                                            Subsequent concurrent 
                                                             resolutions
                                               ..........            283
                                            Consideration of 
                                                concurrent 
                                                resolutions on the 
                                                budget:
                                            Conference committee, 
                                                         required action
                                                   ......            286
                                            Mathematical 
                                                consistency 
                                                                required
                                            .............            286
                                            Procedure in the House
                                                                     286
                                            Procedure in the 
                                                                  Senate
                                          ...............            286
                                            Senate action on 
                                                conference reports
                                                                     286
                                            First concurrent 
                                                resolution, 
                                                adoption required 
                                                prior to 
                                                consideration of 
                                                legislation 
                                                providing new 
                                                budget, spending, 
                                                or credit 
                                                authority, or 
                                                changes in 
                                                revenues or public 
                                                debt limit:
                                                              Exceptions
                                          ...............            284
                                                                 General
                                       ..................            284
                                                        Waiver in Senate
                                                .........            284
                                            New budget and 
                                                spending authority 
                                                and revenue 
                                                legislation to be 
                                                within appropriate 
                                                levels:
                                            Determination of 
                                                           budget levels
                                                 ........            292
                                            Extraneous matter in 
                                                          reconciliation
                                                  .......            292
                                                         Points of order
                                               ..........            292
                                            Permissible revisions 
                                                of concurrent 
                                                resolutions:
                                                                 General
                                       ..................            285
                                            Reconciliation:
                                                      Amendments limited
                                                  .......            289
                                            Legislative procedure 
                                                                     289
                                                     Procedure in Senate
                                                   ......            289
                                            Reconciliation 
                                                directives:
                                                    Compliance 
                                                        with.........289
                                                    In concurrent 
                                                        resolutions
                                                        .............289
                                            Social Security Act, 
                                                limit on changes 
                                                                     289
                                            Reports, summaries, 
                                                projections of 
                                                Congressional 
                                                budget actions:
                                            Five-year projection 
                                                                (by CBO)
                                            .............            288
                                            Legislation providing 
                                                new budget, 
                                                spending, 
                                                credit authority, 
                                                or increase/
                                                decrease in 
                                                revenues or 
                                                            expenditures
                                                .........            288
                                            Tabulations of (by 
                                                                    CBO)
                                        .................            288
                                            Timetable................281
                            Definitions..............................280
                            Referral of matters affecting the 
                                budget process.......................286
                        Budget deficits, emergency powers to 
                            eliminate:
                            Baseline.................................313
                            Enforcement:
                                            Pay-as-you-go............313
                                            Sequestration............307
                            Exceptions

[[Page 751]]

                                            Flexibility among 
                                                defense programs 
                                                                     309
                                            Modification of 
                                                presidential 
                                                orders...............308
                                            Special reconciliation 
                                                process..............310
                                            Suspension in the 
                                                event of war or 
                                                low growth...........307
                    Federal mandates. See also Unfunded Mandates 
                        Reform...................................295-301
                            Clarification of application.............301
                            Duties of congressional committees.......297
                            Duties of the Director; statements on 
                                bills and joint 
                                resolutions..........................298
                            Effective date; definitions..............295
                            Exclusions...............................296
                            Legislation subject to points of order
                                                                     283
                            Requests to the CBO from Senators........300
                            Extraneous provisions in 
                                reconciliation bills.................292
                            Presidential special messages:
                                            Deferrals................305
                                            Rescissions..............304
                                            Transmission and 
                                                publication..........305
                            Procedure in House and Senate............306
                                            Referral of bills to 
                                                committees...........306
                                            Floor consideration......306
                            Rescission of budget authority...........304
            Budget to accompany expenditure authorization 
                resolutions.........................................26.9
            Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act, procedures for 
                congressional review of sanctions....................421
            Business:
                    Continued from session to session.................18
                    Executive or confidential......................29-32
                    Morning............................................7
                            Conclusion of..................7.2, 8, 19.1b
                    Order of...........................................8
                            Special orders.......................8.1, 10
            Busts of former Vice Presidents, placing of..............121
            Buzzers, legislative..................................150.12
            ``Byrd rule''............................................292

                                          C

            Cabinet officers (table)................................1971
            Calendar, call of...................................7.2, 8.1
            Calendar Monday..........................................7.2
            Calendar of Bills and Resolutions:
                    Consideration of items on...................7.2, 8.1
                    Placing of items on.............................14.4
            Calendar of Special Orders..............................10.1
            California:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1813, 1814
            Cameras, restriction on........................150.13-150.14

[[Page 752]]

            Capitol Building (see also Architect of the Capitol):
                    Commission on Art of the United States Senate 
                                                                     127
                    Designation of Senator Daniel K. Inouye Room 
                                                                     125
                        Senate Chamber. See as main entry.
                        Senate wing:
                            Advertising devices prohibited in.....150.11
                            Assignment of space in.................25.1n
                            Busts of former Vice Presidents, 
                                placing of...........................121
                            Cloakrooms, admission to...............150.8
                            Closed-captioning of Senate 
                                proceedings...........................70
                            Galleries.......................33.2, 150.14
                            Marble Room............................150.7
                            Peddling and begging forbidden in.....150.11
                            Regulation of......................33.2, 150
                            Senate Chamber. See as main entry.
                            Sergeant at Arms to enforce 
                                regulations relative to............150.3
                            Smoking policy..................33.1, 150.14
                            Stands, booths, or counters for 
                                exhibitions or sale of any article 
                                prohibited........................150.11
                    Works of art in.....................127-128, 130-131
            Capitol Grounds
                    Sales and solicitations forbidden.............150.11
                    Caucus on International Narcotics Control, 
                        Senate.......................................361
            Certificates of election or appointment of a Senator 
                                                                2.2, 2.3
            Chair (see also Presiding Officer):
                    Appointment of Senator to perform duties of......1.3
                    Order in Chamber or galleries, enforcement of 
                                                                    19.6
                    Performance of duties of, by Secretary of the 
                        Senate or 
                        Assistant Secretary of the Senate............1.2
                    Ruling of, appeal from..........................19.4
            Chairman:
                        Committee. See Committee(s): Chairman.
                    Subcommittee...................................25.4e
            Chaplain of the Senate:
                    Daily prayer by............................4.1a, 4.2
            Chief Clerk of the Senate. See Assistant Secretary of 
                the Senate.
            Citizens' Commission on Public Service and 
                Compensation.....................................278-279
            Civil Rights Act, application to Congress................104
            Claims:
                    Sergeant at Arms may settle certain tort 
                        claims.......................................112
            Claims Court, U.S.:
                    Congressional reference case....................14.9
            Classification of Senators..............................1804
            Clay, Henry, desk in Senate chamber.......................69
            Cleaves' Manual of the Law and Practice in Regard to 
                Conferences and Conference Reports...................200
            Clerical employees. See Committee(s): Staff; Employees 
                of the 
                Senate.
            Cloakrooms, admission to...............................150.8
            Closed-captioning of Senate proceedings...................70
            Closed-door sessions of Senate............................21
            Closed sessions of committees..........................26.5b

[[Page 753]]

            Cloture procedure.......................................22.2
            Code of Official Conduct......................34-43, 115-117
            Colorado:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)................................1815-1816
            Commencement of daily sessions.............................4
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Committee on. 
                See Committees, standing.
            Commerce, Secretaries of (table)........................1981
            Commerce and Labor, Secretaries of (table)..............1980
            Commission on Art, Senate................................127
            Commit, motion to.................................14.7, 22.1
            Committee(s):
                    Amendments, not within jurisdiction of..........15.5
                    Appointment of....................................24
                    Appropriations:
                            On annual basis........................26.13
                    Authority.................................25.1, 26.1
                    Chairman:
                            Absence of..............................26.3
                            Appointment of............................24
                            Approval of vouchers....................26.1
                            Enforcement of order...................26.5d
                            Limitations on service as..............25.4e
                            Ranking majority member to serve in 
                                absence of..........................26.3
                            Reporting approved measures promptly 
                                                                  26.10b
                            Resignation of..........................24.4
                            Subcommittee chairman..................25.4e
                    Chief Counsel for Employment Emeritus, Senate 
                                                                      93
                    Clerical staff. See Staff, infra.
                    Closed or open sessions........................26.5b
                    Conference committees. See Conferences.
                    Consultants:
                            For Appropriations Committee..............76
                    Discharge, motion to...........................17.4a
                    Expenditure authorizations.................26.9, 339
                            Budgets to accompany....................26.9
                            Specification of portion for:
                                            Training of 
                                                professional staff
                                                                      80
                        Hearings:
                            Announcement of........................26.4a
                            Authority for...........................26.1
                            Availability of printed copies..........17.5
                            Broadcasting of........................26.5c
                            Closed.................................26.5b
                            Executive decisions.....................17.5
                            Obstruction of proceedings.......26.5d, 1079
                            Open...................................26.5b
                            Order in...............................26.5d
                            Printing of.....................17.5, 26.10a
                            Procedure...............................26.4
                            Scheduling............26.3, 26.5, 26.6, 85.2

[[Page 754]]

                            Stenographic assistance for reporting 
                                of..................................26.1
                            Testimony, staff to prepare summary of
                                                                   26.4c
                            Witnesses.........................26.1, 26.4
                                            Authority to summon.....26.1
                                            Reimbursement of 
                                                expenses.............113
                                            Selected by minority 
                                                                   26.4d
                                            Statements, to file 
                                                advance............26.4b
                    Investigations, authority for...................26.1
                    Joint. See Committees, joint.
                    Jurisdictions of............................25-25.1p
                    Legislative review by...........................26.8
                            Report on...............................26.8
                    Meetings..........................................26
                            Closed and open sessions...............26.5b
                            Scheduling of.....................26.3, 26.5
                    Membership on..............................25.2-25.4
                            Limitations and exceptions with 
                                respect to..........................25.4
                            Temporary increase in (leadership 
                                agreement).........................25.4c
                    Open or closed sessions........................26.5b
                    Personnel. See Staff, infra.
                    Powers..........................................26.1
                            Continuance of..........................25.1
                    Printing for..................................26.10a
                    Procedure:
                            Hearings................................26.4
                            Meetings................................26.3
                            Rules of................................26.2
                    Professional staff. See Staff, infra.
                    Proxies, use of, in.............................26.7
                    Quorum.........................................26.7a
                    Ranking majority member to serve in absence of 
                        chairman....................................26.3
                    Records................................26.5e, 26.10a
                            Availability to all Members of Senate 
                                                                  26.10a
                            Separate from chairman's office 
                                records...........................26.10a
                    Reference of bills and resolutions to....14.3, 17.2, 
                                                                    17.3
                    Reportorial services............................26.1
                    Reports.....................................7.1, 7.2
                            Additional views in...................26.10c
                            Appropriations Committee reports to 
                                identify with particularity items 
                                not required to carry out 
                                provisions of an existing law, etc
                                                                    16.7
                            Availability of (``2-day rule'')........17.5
                            Conference committee..................28, 70
                            Cost estimates of proposed legislation
                                                                  26.11a
                            Filing of.....................26.10b, 26.10c
                            Legislative review.....................26.8b
                            Minority views in.....................26.10c
                            On part-time employees....................97
                            On supplemental authorization 
                                resolutions.........................26.9
                            Printing of................11.4-11.6, 26.10c

[[Page 755]]

                            Submission of............................7.1
                            Supplemental views in.................26.10c
                            To be made promptly...................26.10b
                            To lie over one day....................17.4a
                            To require favorable vote of a 
                                majority present....................26.7
                            To show proposed changes in existing 
                                law (Cordon rule)..................26.12
                            To specify votes on measures...........26.7b
                            Two-day rule............................17.5
                    Select. See Committees, select.
                    Sessions:
                            Broadcasting of........................26.5c
                            Open or closed.........................26.5b
                            Scheduling of.....................26.4, 26.6
                    Sitting while Senate is in session.............26.5a
                    Special. See Committees, special.
                    Staff.............................................27
                            Appropriations Committee...............75-76
                                            Displaced by change of 
                                                committee 
                                                leadership...........100
                            Detailed from other Government 
                                agencies............................27.4
                            Minority...........................27.1-27.3
                            Part-time employees, report on............97
                            Professional staff members:
                                            Limitation on 
                                                appointment of......27.4
                    Standing. See Committees, standing.
                    Subcommittees...................................25.4
                            Assignment..............................85.1
                    Subpoena, power of..............................26.1
                    Suits by..........................................87
                    System:
                            Reorganization............................83
                            Review..................................85.3
                    Training for professional staff of................80
                    Voting:
                            Proxies.................................26.7
                            Record of...............................26.7
                    Witnesses. See Hearings, supra.
            Committees, conference. See Conferences.
            Committee, joint:
                    Membership on.............................25.3, 25.4
            Committees, other:
                        Indian Affairs:
                            Members, number of.....................25.3c
            Committees, select: Membership on.................25.3, 25.4
            Committees, select:
                    Ethics:
                            Chairman and Vice Chairman, exemption 
                                from 
                                application of legislative 
                                assistant clerk-hire allowance........79

[[Page 756]]

                            Financial disclosure, designated to 
                                administer reporting requirements 
                                of....................................78
                            Jurisdiction of.......................77, 78
                            Mandatory ethics training for members 
                                and staff............................105
                            Membership of..........................25.3c
                            Professional staff, training of...........80
                    Intelligence...............................25.3b, 81
            Committees, special:
                    Aging.............................................84
                            Members, number of.....................25.3b
            Committees, standing:
                    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1a
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Appropriations:
                            Appropriations bills. See Bills and 
                                resolutions.
                            Authority, additional.....................75
                            Consultants for...........................76
                            Excepted from certain committee 
                                procedures........26.3, 26.4, 26.7-26.11
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1b
                            Legislative review provisions (of 2 
                                U.S.C. 190d) not 
                                applicable to......................26.8a
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                            New spending authority.................25.1b
                            Procedure of..............................16
                            Rescission of appropriations......25.1b, 304
                            Reports to identify with particularity 
                                items not required to carry out 
                                provisions of existing law..........16.6
                            Sitting while Senate is in session.....26.5a
                            Staff.....................................75
                    Armed Services:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1c
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1d
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Budget:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1e
                            Legislative review, exemption from.....26.8a
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                            Referral of legislation affecting 
                                budget process.......................287
                            Rescissions and deferrals............304-305
                            Sitting while Senate is in session.....26.5a
                    Commerce, Science, and Transportation:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1f
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Energy and Natural Resources:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1g
                            Members, number of......................25.2

[[Page 757]]

                    Environment and Public Works:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1h
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Finance:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1i
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Foreign Relations:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1j
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Governmental Affairs:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1k
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1l
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs:
                            Jurisdiction of...........................82
                                            See Governmental 
                                                Affairs.
                    Judiciary:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1m
                            Members, number of......................25.2
                    Rules and Administration:
                            Budgets to accompany expenditure-
                                authorization 
                                resolutions........................26.9b
                            Busts of former Vice Presidents, 
                                placing of...........................121
                            Commission on Art of the United States 
                                Senate...............................127
                            Committee meetings schedule.............85.2
                            Committee personnel on detail from 
                                other Government agencies...........27.4
                            Committee system, review................85.3
                            Employees detailed or assigned to 
                                committees from other Government 
                                agencies on a reimbursable basis 
                                                                    27.4
                            Expenditure-authorization resolutions 
                                to be referred to..................26.9b
                            Galleries, regulation of................33.2
                            Gifts, acceptance on behalf of the 
                                Senate................................86
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1n
                            Members, number of.....................25.3a
                            Printing, matters relating to, to be 
                                referred to...................11.4, 11.5
                            Reportorial services to committees......26.1
                            Senate computer center facilities, 
                                regulation of.......................40.5
                            Senate Office Buildings:
                                            Assignment of space in
                                                                   25.1n
                                            Commemoration and 
                                                designation of, as 
                                                Russell, 
                                                Dirksen, and Hart 
                                                Senate Office 
                                                Buildings.......123, 124
                                            General policies in 
                                                respect to
                            Senate Recording Studio.................40.6
                            Senate Restaurants:
                                            Jurisdiction over.....25.1n, 
                                                                    33.2
                            Senate wing of the Capitol, regulation 
                                of.............................33.2, 150
                            Senate youth program.....................106

[[Page 758]]

                            Service pins or emblems..................122
                    Small Business:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1o
                            Members, number of.....................25.3a
                    Veterans' Affairs:
                            Jurisdiction of........................25.1p
                            Members, number of.....................25.3a
            Communications from:
                    Heads of departments.............................7.1
                    House of Representatives....................7.1, 9.1
                    President of United States..................7.1, 9.1
                    State legislatures and conventions...............7.5
                            Compacts of free association, 
                                congressional review of 
                                Micronesia, Marshall Islands, 
                                Palau............................411-412
            Compensation (see also Reimbursement):
                    Citizens' Commission on Public Service and 
                        Compensation.............................278-279
                    Committee employees
                            Displaced by change of committee 
                                leadership...........................100
                    Employees of a Senator
                            As affected by:
                                            Death of a Senator........99
                                            Resignation of a 
                                                Senator...............99
                                            Termination of service 
                                                of an appointed 
                                                Senator..............101
                    Leave without pay while serving in uniformed 
                        services.....................................102
                    Reimbursement. See as main entry.
                    Retirement benefits of Senators and Senate 
                        employees. See 5 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 8331-
                        8348. (Not included in Senate Manual.)
            Concurrent resolutions. See Bills and resolutions.
            Conferences:
                    Cleaves' Manual..................................200
                    Reports of....................................28, 71
                            Explanatory statement to accompany......28.4
            Confidential proceedings to be kept in separate book 
                                                                    4.1d
            Conflicts of interest.....................................37
            Congress:
                    Adjournment of....................................60
                    Electoral votes, counting of.................318-323
            Congressional Accountability. See also Government 
                Employee Rights                                  
              316-317
            Congressional Record:
                        Printing of:
                            Memorials and petitions, summary of......7.5
                            Nominations............................31.7b
                            Rules of procedure of committees........26.2
            Congressional Review Act.............................324-328
            Connecticut:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution................1990
                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1817, 1818

[[Page 759]]

            Consideration of reported measures, availability of 
                reports and hearings for............................17.5
            Constitution of the United States.......................1710
                    Amendments to...................................1720
                    Ratification of
                            Table...................................1990
            Contingent fund of the Senate:
                    Inquiries and investigations....................26.1
                    Payments from.............................25.1n, 108
            Contributions:
                    Charitable, of outside earned income......35.3, 35.4
                    Legal investigations, for costs of certain.......115
            ``Cordon rule'' (reports to show proposed changes in 
                existing law)......................................26.12
            Correspondents, Standing Committee on.................150.15
            Crude oil transportation systems. congressional review 
                of certain Presidential waivers......................410
            Credentials, presentation of...............................2
            Cuba, congressional review of termination of economic 
                embargo on...........................................375
            Curator Emeritus, Senate..................................95

                                          D

            Daily sessions, commencement of............................4
            Davis, Jefferson, desk in Senate chamber..................68
            Debate:
                    Cloture motion, limitation of debate............22.2
                    Disparaging reference to another Senator 
                        prohibited..................................19.2
                    Germaneness of.................................19.1b
                    Offensive reference to a State prohibited.......19.3
                    On conference reports.............................28
                    Procedure in......................................19
            Debt Collection..........................................111
            Deceased:
                        Senator:
                            Clerical assistants of....................99
                            Memorial tribute to......................134
            Declaration of Independence.............................1700
            Defense articles and related training, Senate review 
                of...................................................364
            Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission, 
                congressional review
            Defense, Secretaries of (table).........................1973
            Delaware:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1819, 1820
            Deputy President pro tempore of Senate:
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of..............................100
                    Establishment of Office of........................90
                    Table of........................................1801
            Diplomatic Gallery....................................150.14

[[Page 760]]

            Dirksen Senate Office Building...........................123
            Disabled, equal opportunities............................104
            Discharge a committee, motion to.......................17.4a
            Disclosure of:
                    Confidential business...........................29.5
                    Financial interests by senatorial candidates 
                        and by members, officers, and employees of 
                        the Senate....................................34
            Disorderly conduct in Capitol buildings or grounds.....19.6, 
                                                                   26.5d
            Display materials in Senate Chamber...................150.10
            District of Columbia: Disapproval of District laws and 
                charter amendments...............................426-430
            District of Columbia: Historical data...................1992
            Division of a question..................................15.3

                                          E

            Education of pages and other minor employees..............98
            Education, Secretary of (table).........................1987
            Elections:
                    Certificates of........................2.2, 2.3, 293
                    Federal Election Commission, congressional 
                        review of regulations..............377, 378, 425
            Electoral votes, counting of, by Congress............318-323
            Electoral votes for President and Vice President 
                (tables).......................................1907-1960
            Emergency powers to eliminate budget deficits........307-309
            Employees of the Senate (see also Officers of the 
                Senate, or title of specific officer):
                    Authority of officers of the Senate over those 
                        they 
                        supervise..................................37.11
                    Charitable contributions..................35.3, 35.4
                    Committee employees. See Committees: Staff.
                    Compensation. See Compensation.
                    Conflict of interest..............................37
                    Detailed or assigned from other agencies........27.4
                    Disclosure of financial interests.................34
                    Employees of a Senator:
                            Compensation of...................97, 99-102
                    Employees of a Senator-elect:
                            Ethics training, mandatory...............105
                    Equal opportunities..........................42, 104
                    Floor privilege........................23, 63, 150.6
                    Floor, permission for Senator to bring young 
                        son or daughter onto during votes.............63
                    Foreign travel.........................35.2, 39, 108
                    Gifts.........................................35, 86
                    Legal investigations, contributions for costs 
                        of certain...................................115
                    Loyalty, security, etc...........................103
                    Officers. See Officers of the Senate, or title 
                        of specific officer.
                    Pages. See Pages, Senate.
                    Per diem and subsistence expenses...............39.3
                    Political fund activity by........................41
                    Post-employment lobbying........................37.9

[[Page 761]]

                    Retirement benefits. See 5 U.S.C. 
                        Sec. Sec. 8331-8348 (not included in 
                        Senate Manual)
                    Rights and protections. See Government 
                        Employee Rights. See also Congressional 
                        Accountability.
                    Senior citizen interns...........................107
                    Service pins or emblems..........................122
                    Standards of conduct for..................34-43, 117
            Employment, equal opportunities......................42, 104
            Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on. See 
                Committees, standing.
            Energy conservation, congressional review of certain 
                executive authorities............................394-397
            Energy, Secretary of (table)............................1986
            Enrollment of bills and joint resolutions...............14.5
                    Signing of same..................................1.3
            Environment and Public Works, Committee on. See 
                Committees, standing.
            Ethics (Standing Rules 34-43)..........................34-43
            Ethics, Select Committee on. See Committees, select.
            Eulogies.................................................134
            Everett McKinley Dirksen Senate Office Building..........123
            Executive:
                    Business, motion to proceed to..................22.1
                    Proceedings to be kept in separate book.........4.1d
                    Sessions of Senate................................29
            Executive agreements on access to data by foreign 
                governments, congressional review....................343
            Executive Journal, printing of...........................133
            Executive reorganization, congressional review.......329-335
            Expenditure authorizations for committees...............26.9
            Expense allowance. See Compensation.
            Expenses, official, of Senators
                    Reimbursement:
                    Documentation required...........................109
                    Restriction on certain...........................110

                                          F

            Federal Election Commission. See Elections.
            Federal employees' group life insurance. See 5 U.S.C. 
                Sec. Sec. 8701-8716 (not included in Senate 
                Manual).
            Federal employees' health benefits program. See 5 
                U.S.C. 
                Sec. Sec. 8901-8913 (not included in Senate 
                Manual).
                    Federal Land Policy and Management Act, 
                        congressional review procedures..........406-409
            Federal mandates. See Budget process, Congressional.
            Filing of committee reports...........................26.10b
            Finance, Committee on. See Committees, standing.
            Financial disclosure:
                    Contents of reports.......................34.3, 34.4
                    Spouses and dependent children..................34.3
                    Trusts..........................................34.4

[[Page 762]]

            Fishery agreements, international, congressional 
                review...............................................339
            Flag, official Senate....................................119
            Floor:
                    Obtaining (recognition)........................19.1a
                    Privilege of..................................23, 63
            Florida:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1821, 1822
            Flowers in Senate Chamber.................................65
            Foreign assistance to drug-producing countries, Senate 
                consideration of legislation to certify..............362
            Foreign officials, reception of..........................128
            Foreign Relations, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Foreign travel......................................35.2, 39
            Formation of:
                    District of Columbia (table)....................1992
                    Insular possessions (table).....................1993
                    States other than the Thirteen Original States 
                        (table).....................................1991
            Franking privilege (see also Postage allowance for 
                Senators):
                    Mass mailings..............................40.1-40.5
                            Reports................................40.3a
            Fund-raising for candidates for Senate..................41.1
            Funds, committee. See Committees: Expenditure 
                authorizations.

                                          G

            Galleries:
                    Diplomatic Gallery............................150.14
                    Hats prohibited...............................150.14
                    News media, regulation of.......................33.2
                    Occupants of, no Senator shall call attention 
                        to any......................................19.7
                    Order in, enforcement of........................19.6
                    Periodical Press Gallery......................150.14
                    Presidential Gallery..........................150.14
                    Press Gallery.................................150.14
                    Press Photographers' Gallery..................150.14
                    Radio-Television Correspondents' Gallery......150.14
                    Regulation of...........................33.2, 150.14
                    Senate Gallery................................150.14
                    Special Gallery...............................150.14
                    Visitors' Galleries...........................150.14
            Georgia:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1823, 1824
            Germaneness:
                    Conference reports..............................28.3
                    Of debate......................................19.1b
                            During cloture proceedings..............22.2
            Gifts to Senators, officers, and employees................35
                    Reporting on......................................35
                    Acceptance of pro bono legal services............116
            Gifts to the Senate.......................................86

[[Page 763]]

            Government Publishing Office. See appropriate item 
                under Printing and binding.
            Governmental Affairs, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Group life insurance, Federal employees'. See 5 U.S.C. 

                Sec. Sec. 8701-8716 (not included in Senate 
                Manual).
            Guam (historical data)..................................1993

                                          H

            Hart Senate Office Building..............................124
            Hats prohibited in Galleries..........................150.14
            Hawaii:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)................................1825-1826
            Heads of departments, communications from................7.1
            Health and Human Services, Secretaries of (table).......1983
            Health benefits program, Federal employees'. See 5 
                U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 8901-8913 (not included in Senate 
                Manual).
            Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, Committee on. 
                See 
                Committees, standing.
            Hearings, committee. See Committee(s): Hearings.
            Historian Emeritus, Senate................................94
            Holds, notice of objecting to proceeding
            Hong Kong Autonomy Act, congressional review of 
                sanctions............................................374
            Honoraria................................................306
                    Charitable contribution in lieu of..............35.4
            House of Representatives:
                    Bills from.......................................7.3
                    Concurrence of, required for printing 
                        additional copies costing in excess of sum 
                        established by law..........................11.5
                    Messages from...............................7.1, 9.1
                    Messages to......................................9.2
                    Motion to request return of item from...........13.2
            Housing and Urban Development, Secretaries of (table) 
                                                                    1984
            Human rights, Senate request for information from 
                State Department.....................................363

                                          I

            Idaho:
                    Identification standards, minimum standards 
                        for airline passengers, congressional 
                        review.......................................413
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1827, 1828
            Illinois:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1829, 1830
            Impeachment:
                    Proceedings to be kept in separate book.........4.1d
                    Trials, rules for............................170-195
                    Immigration, limitation on Senate 
                        consideration of legislation providing 
                        temporary protected status...................336
            Impoundment control..................................302-306

[[Page 764]]

            Indian Affairs, Committee on. See Committees, other.
            Indiana:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1831, 1832
            Injunction of secrecy on international agreements.....29, 30
            Inquiries and investigations (see also Committee(s): 
                Expenditure authorizations; Hearings):
                    Authority for...................26.1, 77, 81, 84, 85
                    Hearings...........................26.4, 26.5, 26.10
                        Investigations:
                            Expenses of, payment of...........26.1, 26.9
                            Resolutions for.........................26.9
                    Jurisdiction of committees........................25
                    Witnesses. See under Committee(s): Hearings.
            Insular possessions of the United States (table)........1993
            Intelligence, Select Committee on. See Committees, 
                select.
            International Emergency Economic Powers, congressional 
                review...........................................421-423
            Interior, Secretaries of (table)........................1978
            Intern, senior citizen...................................107
            International Security Assistance and Arms Export 
                Control Act of 1976 (ISAAECA) , expedited 
                procedures for Senate disapproval....................431
            Investigations. See Inquiries and investigations.
            Iowa:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Iran, nuclear agreement with, congressional 
                        review.......................................381
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1833, 1834

                                          J

            Joint resolutions. See Bills and resolutions.
            Journal of the Senate. See Senate Journal.
            Judiciary, Committee on the. See Committees, standing.
            Jurisdiction of committees............25, 75, 77, 81, 84, 85
            Justices of the Supreme Court (table)...................1970

                                          K

            Kansas:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1835, 1836
            Kentucky:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1837, 1838

                                          L

            Labor, Secretaries of (table)...........................1982
            Land use policy, congressional review of plans, sales, 
                withdrawals......................................406-409
            Lay on table, motion to.................................22.1
            Leadership. See Majority Leader and Minority Leader.
            ``Leaks'' of confidential business prohibited...........29.5

[[Page 765]]

            Legal Counsel:
                            Enforcement of Senate subpoena or 
                                order............................276-277
                                            Civil actions, 
                                                institution of...276-277
                                            Committee or 
                                                subcommittee, in 
                                                                 name of
                                           ..........            276-277
            Legal investigations, contributions for costs of 
                certain..............................................115
            Legal services, acceptance of pro bono...................116
            Legislative call system (buzzers, signal lights)......150.12
            Legislative proceedings to be kept in separate book.....4.1d
            Legislative review by standing committees...............26.8
            Limited tariff benefits, Senate consideration of 
                legislation providing................................344
            Lobbying:
                    Former Senators and employees................37.8-11
            Louisiana:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1839, 1840
            Loyalty of employees to Government.......................103

                                          M

            Mailing. See Franking privilege; Senators: allowances: 
                Postage.
            Maine:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1841, 1842
            Majority Leader:
                    Committee system, review of.....................85.3
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of...............................99
            Majority Whip:
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of...............................99
            Marble room............................................150.7
            Marshall Islands, compact of free association, 
                congressional review.................................411
            Maryland:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1843, 1844
            Mass mailing. See Franking privilege.
            Massachusetts:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1845, 1846
            Mechanical equipment, use of, in Senate Chamber.......150.13
            Medicare funding warning, Senate consideration of 
                legislation responding to........................381-382
            Meetings, committee................................26.1-26.7
            Membership of committees...........................25.2-25.4
            Members of the Senate. See Senators.
            Memorials. See Petitions and memorials.
            Messages from:
                    House of Representatives....................7.1, 9.1
                    President of the United States..............7.1, 9.1

[[Page 766]]

            Messages to:
                    House of Representatives.........................9.2
                    President of the United States...................9.2
            Messengers acting as assistant doorkeepers...............154
            Michigan:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1847, 1848
            Micronesia, compact of free association, congressional 
                review...............................................411
            Minnesota:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1849, 1850
            Minority:
                    Staffs of committees.......................27.1-27.3
                    Witnesses before committees selected by........26.4d
            Minority Leader:
                    Committee system, review of.....................85.3
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of...............................99
            Minority views in committee reports...................26.10c
            Minority Whip:
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of...............................99
            Mississippi:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1851, 1852
            Missouri:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1853, 1854
            Montana:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1855, 1856
            Morning business...........................................7
            Morning hour:
                    Conclusion of..........................7.2, 8, 19.1b
            Motions:
                    Precedence of.............................15.3, 22.1
                    To be in writing................................15.1
                    Withdrawal or modification of, by mover.........15.2
            Motions to:
                    Adjourn.................................6.4, 9, 22.1
                    Amend...........................................22.1
                    Amend or correct journal........................4.1a
                    Amend the part to be stricken...................15.3
                    Change order of special orders..................10.2
                    Cloture.........................................22.2
                    Commit a bill or resolution...............14.7, 22.1
                    Compel the presence of absent Senators...........6.4
                    Continue the consideration of a subject..........7.2
                    Discharge a committee..........................17.4a
                    Extend post-cloture debate......................22.2
                    Lay before Senate bills or other matters from 
                        the President or the House...................7.3

[[Page 767]]

                    Lay on table....................................22.1
                    Postpone........................................22.1
                    Print (documents, reports, etc.)..........11.4, 11.5
                    Proceed to executive business...................22.1
                    Proceed to the consideration of:
                            Any change in Standing Rules.............8.2
                            Executive business......................22.1
                            Other business..........................10.2
                            Subject........................7.2, 8.1, 8.2
                    Recess..........................................22.1
                    Reconsider........................................13
                    Reconsider a nomination....................31.3-31.5
                    Reduced to writing...........................15.1a-b
                    Request return of item from House...............13.2
                    Strike out......................................15.3
                    Strike out and insert...........................15.3

                                          N

            National Emergencies Act, procedures for congressional 
                review...........................................419-420
            National Security Working Group, Senate...................88
            Navy, Secretaries of (table)............................1977
            Nebraska:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1857, 1858
            Nevada:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1859, 1860
            New Hampshire:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1861, 1862
            New Jersey:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1863, 1864
            New Mexico:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1865, 1866
            News media galleries, regulation of.....................33.2
            New York:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1867, 1868
            Nominations:
                    Injunction of secrecy on........................31.2
                    Proceedings on....................................31
                    Privileged nominations, consideration of..........74
            North Carolina:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990

[[Page 768]]

                    Senators from, since the formation of the 
                        Union (table).........................1869, 1870
            North Dakota:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1871, 1872
            Nuclear cooperation agreements with other nations, 
                congressional review.............................385-391
            Nuclear Agreement with Iran, congressional review........392
            Nuclear accident compensation plans, congressional 
                review...............................................393
            Nuclear waste policy, procedures and congressional 
                review of repository.............................399-404

                                          O

            Oaths:
                    Senators...........................................3
            Objection to proceeding, holds...........................275
            Objection to reading a paper............................11.3
            Office expenses:
                    Contributions used for..........................38.2
            Office of Senate Counsel. See Legal Counsel.
            Office of Senate Security................................136
            Officers of the Senate: (see also title of specific 
                officer):
                    Authority over employees of the Senate.........37.11
                    Conflict of interest..............................37
                    Disclosure of financial interests.................34
                    Legal investigations, contributions for costs 
                        of certain...................................115
                    Outside business or professional activity or 
                        employment....................................36
                    Political-fund activity by........................41
                    Service pins or emblems..........................122
                    Standards of conduct for..................34-43, 117
            Official expenses of Senators
                    Reimbursement:
                            Documentation required...................109
                    Restriction on certain...........................110
            Ohio:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1873, 1874
            Oklahoma:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1875, 1876
            Open sessions of committees............................26.5b
            Order:
                    In committee meetings........................26.5(d)
                    In the Chamber or galleries.....................19.6
                    Of business........................................8
                            Special orders.......................8.1, 10
                    Questions of......................................20
            Ordinance of 1787.......................................1702
            Oregon:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1877, 1878

[[Page 769]]

            Outside business or professional activity or 
                employment by officers or employees of the Senate 
                                                                  36, 37
            Outer Continental Shelf, leases, easements, and 
                rights-of-way, congressional review..................405
                    Charitable contributions..........................35

                                          P

            Palau, compact of free association, congressional 
                review...............................................412
            Pages, Senate:
                    Classification....................................98
                    Education of......................................98
                    Withholding from salary for expenses..............98
            Papers:
                    Objection to reading (a)........................11.3
                    Printing of...............................11.4, 11.5
                    Withdrawal of...................................11.1
            Parliamentarian Emeritus of the Senate....................92
            Pay. See Compensation.
            Peddling forbidden in Senate wing of Capitol..........150.11
            Pennsylvania:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1879, 1880
            Pension bills....................................14.9, 14.10
            Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, revised payment 
                schedules, congressional review..................379-380
            Periodical Correspondents' Association................150.15
            Periodical Press Gallery..............................150.15
            Personnel, Senate. See Employees of the Senate.
            Petitions and memorials:
                    Presentation of....................................7
                    Reference of.....................................7.4
                    Summary of, to be printed in Congressional 
                        Record.......................................7.5
            Petroleum products, Congressional disapproval of 
                Presidential adjustment of imports of................345
            Petroleum, contracts for purchase of foreign, 
                congressional consideration of implementing 
                legislation..........................................394
            Philip A. Hart Senate Office Building....................124
            Photographic Studio, Senate. See Senate Recording 
                Studio and Photographic Studio.
            Photographs, taking of, prohibited in Senate Chamber 
                                                                  150.14
            Points of order:
                    Conference report.........................28.2, 28.3
                    During cloture proceedings......................22.2
                    In the budget process..................291, 292, 306
                    Measure reported from a committee...............26.7
                    On appropriation bill amendments..................16
                    Restriction on the expenditure of funds 
                        appropriated................................16.6
            Political fund activity by officers and employees of 
                Senate................................................41
            Political fund activity, management by floor leaders 
                                                                      91
            Population of (tables):
                    District of Columbia............................1992

[[Page 770]]

                    Insular possessions of the United States........1993
                    States other than the Thirteen Original States
                                                                    1991
                    Thirteen Original States........................1990
            Post-employment lobbying..........................37.8, 37.9
            Postmasters General (table).............................1976
            Postpone, motion to.....................................22.1
            Powers, committee.................................25.1, 26.1
            Prayer, daily, by Chaplain...............................4.2
            Preambles to bills and resolutions......................14.8
            Precedence of motions.............................15.3, 22.1
            Presentation of credentials................................2
            Presidential Gallery..................................150.14
            President(s) of the United States:
                    Bills or other matters from......................7.3
                    Electoral votes for (table)................1907-1960
                    Former Presidents entitled to address the 
                        Senate......................................19.8
                    Meeting with Senate on executive business.......29.1
                    Messages to Congress.............................7.1
                            Confidential communications.............29.3
                    To be furnished with transcript of executive 
                        records of 
                        Senate........................................32
            President(s) pro tempore (see also President of the 
                Senate; 
                Presiding Officer; Vice President).....................1
                    Election of......................................1.1
                    Employees affected by death or resignation of, 
                        compensation of...............................99
                    Permanent acting (table)........................1802
                    Seal of..........................................118
                    Table of, since the First Congress..............1800
            Presiding Officer (see also President of the Senate; 
                President(s) pro tempore; Vice President):
                    Calling a Senator to order......................19.4
                    Chair:
                            Appointment of Senator to perform 
                                duties of..............................1
                            Order in Chamber or galleries, 
                                enforcement of......................19.6
                            Performance of duties of, by:
                                            Assistant Secretary of 
                                                the Senate...........1.2
                                            Secretary of the 
                                                Senate...............1.2
                            Ruling of, appeal from..................19.4
                    Directing a Senator to take his seat............19.4
                    May at any time lay before the Senate bills or 
                        other matters from the President or the 
                        House........................................7.1
                    Questions of order may be decided by, or 
                        submitted by him for decision by Senate.......20
                    Recognition of a Senator who desires to speak 
                                                                   19.1a
                    Rules for regulation of Senate wing, 
                        enforcement of..............................33.2
                    To decide questions of committee jurisdiction 
                                                                    17.1
                    To keep time during cloture debate..............22.2
                    Vice President (see also as main entry):
                            Absence of..........................1.1, 1.2
            Press Gallery.........................................150.15

[[Page 771]]

            Press Photographers' Gallery..........................150.15
            Printing and binding (see also Committees, joint: 
                Printing):
                    Bills and resolutions...........................11.6
                    Committee reports.............................26.10c
                    Conference reports..............................28.4
                    Congressional Record. See as main entry.
                    Eulogies.........................................134
                    Executive Journal................................133
                    Hearings, committee...........................26.10a
                            Printing of...........................26.10a
                    Memorial addresses...............................134
                    Motions to print..........................11.4, 11.5
                    Papers, etc.......................................29
            Private bills....................................14.9, 14.10
                    Banned.........................................14.10
            Private claims...................................14.10, 16.5
            Privilege of the floor....................................23
            Privileged nominations, consideration of..................74
            Pro bono legal services, acceptance of...................116
            Procedure, committee......................................26
            Professional staffs of committees. See Committee(s): 
                Staff.
            Proxies, use of, in committee...........................26.7
            Public office, appointive:
                    Nomination proceedings............................31
            Puerto Rico, commonwealth of (historical data)..........1993

                                          Q

            Question:
                    Division of a...................................15.3
                    Of absence of a quorum...........................6.3
                    Of order..........................................20
            Quorum:
                    Absence of, question of..........................6.3
                    For cloture vote................................22.2
                    For unanimous consent to take a final vote on 
                        a specified date............................12.4
                    Of a committee.................................26.7a
                    Of the Senate....................................6.1
                    Sergeant at Arms to obtain attendance of 
                        absent Senators..............................6.4

                                          R

            Radio and television broadcasting:
                    Committee hearings and meetings................26.5c
                    Senate Chamber proceedings........................70
            Radio-Television Correspondents' Gallery..............150.15
            Ranking majority member of committee to serve in 
                absence of chairman.................................26.3
            Ratification of:
                    Constitution of the United States...............1719
                            Table...................................1990
                    Treaties..........................................30

[[Page 772]]

            Reading of:
                    Bills and joint resolutions.....................14.2
                    Journal.....................................4.1, 9.1
                    Paper (a), objection to.........................11.3
                    Washington's Farewell Address.....................66
            Recess, motion to.......................................22.1
            Reconciliation. See Budget process, Congressional.
            Reconsideration...........................................13
                    Of nominations.............................31.3-31.5
            Record, Congressional.  See Congressional Record.
            Recording Studio and Photographic Studio, Senate........40.6
                    Restrictions on use.............................40.6
            Record of committee:
                    Action.........................................26.5e
                    Votes..........................................26.7b
            Records, committee.......................11.2, 26.5e, 26.10a
            Records of Congress:
                    Preservation of............................11.2, 131
                    Public access to.................................131
            Reference:
                    To committees.............................14.3, 17.1
            Reimbursement (see also Compensation):
                    Documentation required...........................109
                    Witnesses........................................113
            Reorganization of the executive branch, congressional 
                review...........................................329-335
            Reportorial services to committees, payment for.........26.1
            Reports:
                    Committee.  See Committee(s): Reports.
                    Conference committees........................28, 200
                    Ethics, Select Committee on, designated to 
                        administer financial disclosure reporting 
                        requirements..................................78
                    Financial disclosure..............................34
                    Members, officers and employees of the Senate:
                            Contributions.............................35
                            Financial interests...................34, 78
                            Gifts.....................................35
                            Outside business or professional 
                                activity..............................36
                    Senatorial candidates on contributions............34
                    To accompany supplemental authorization 
                        resolutions.................................26.9
            Representation (of constituents) by Members...............43
            Representatives, apportionments of (table)..............1994
            Rescissions and deferrals. See Budget process.
            Resignation of a Senator, compensation and direction 
                of employees as affected by...........................99
            Resolutions.  See Bills and resolutions.
            Retirement benefits of Senators and employees of the 
                Senate. See 5 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 8331-8348 (not 
                included in Senate Manual).
            Rhode Island:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1881, 1882
            Richard Brevard Russell Senate Office Building...........123

[[Page 773]]

            Rollcalls................................................6.3
            Rules, amendment and suspension of.........................5
            Rules, standing, of the Senate.  See Standing Rules of 
                the Senate.
            Rules and Administration, Committee on.  See 
                Committees, 
                standing.
            Rules for Regulation of the Senate Wing of the United 
                States 
                Capitol and Senate Office Buildings..................150
            Rules of Procedure and Practice in the Senate When 
                Sitting on 
                Impeachment Trials...................................170
            Rules of procedure for committees.......................26.2
            Russell Senate Office Building...........................123
            Russian Federation, congressional review of waiver of 
                sanctions on.........................................376

                                          S

            Salaries.  See Compensation.
            Sanctions, congressional review of, Hong Kong, Russian 
                Federation, Burma..........................374, 376, 421
            Scheduling of committee meetings..................26.3, 26.6
            Seal of the:
                    President pro tempore............................120
                    Senate...........................................118
            Secrecy, injunction of................30.1, 31.2, 36.2, 38.2
            Secretaries of (tables):
                    Agriculture.....................................1979
                    Commerce........................................1981
                    Commerce and Labor..............................1980
                    Defense.........................................1973
                    Education.......................................1987
                    Energy..........................................1986
                    Health and Human Services.......................1983
                    Housing and Urban Development...................1984
                    Interior........................................1978
                    Labor...........................................1982
                    Navy............................................1977
                    State...........................................1971
                    Transportation..................................1985
                    Treasury........................................1972
                    Veterans Affairs................................1988
                    War.............................................1974
            Secretary of the Conference of the Majority: 
                Compensation of 
                employees affected by death or resignation of.........99
            Secretary of the Conference of the Minority: 
                Compensation of 
                employees affected by death or resignation of.........99
            Secretary of State: Diplomatic gallery, admission 
                cards to..........................................150.14
            Secretary of the Senate. See also Officers of the 
                Senate:
                    Assistant Secretary of the Senate
                            Performance of duties of Chair by........1.2
                    Certificates of election and appointment....2.2, 2.3
                    Communications, official, function with 
                        respect to...................................7.6
                    Duties of the Chair, performance of, by..........1.2
                    Education of pages and other minor employees 
                                                                      98

[[Page 774]]

                    Employees of a Senator, direction of, in event 
                        of:
                            Death or resignation of a Senator.........99
                            Termination of service of appointed 
                                Senator..............................101
                    Enrollment of bills and joint resolutions and 
                        presentation of same to President of 
                        United States...............................14.5
                    Financial disclosure by senatorial candidates 
                        and officers and employees of Senate..........34
                    Franking privilege..............................40.3
                    Messages to the President and to the House to 
                        be certified and delivered by................9.2
                    Nominations, function in respect to........30.4-30.7
                    Pages, education of...............................98
                    Reports by committees on part-time employees 
                                                                      97
                    Seal of the Senate, custody of...................118
                    Senate Journal. See as main entry.
                    Service pins or emblems..........................122
                    Withdrawal of papers............................11.1
                    Security Director Emeritus, Senate................96
            Select committees, See Committees, select.
            Senate:
                    Senate Caucus on International Narcotics 
                        Control......................................361
                    Officers of. See Officers of the Senate, or 
                        title of specific officer.
                    Seal of..........................................118
            Senate Chamber:
                    Broadcast of proceedings..........................70
                    Cloakrooms, admission to.......................150.8
                    Daniel Webster desk...............................67
                    Display materials in..........................150.10
                    Flowers in........................................65
                    For Senate use only.............................33.1
                    Galleries, regulation of............19.6, 19.7, 33.2
                    Henry Clay desk...................................69
                    Jefferson Davis desk..............................68
                    Mechanical equipment in.......................150.13
                    Order in, enforcement of........................19.6
                    Permission for Senator to bring young son or 
                        daughter onto during votes....................63
                    Smoking not permitted in........................33.1
                    Taking of pictures, prohibited................150.14
                    Use of..........................................33.1
            Senate Code of Official Conduct...................34-43, 117
            Senate flag..............................................119
            Senate floor, persons admitted on.....................23, 63
            Senate Gallery........................................150.14
            Senate Journal:
                    Contents of.....................................4.1c
                    Legislative, executive, confidential, and 
                        impeachment 
                        proceedings to be recorded in separate 
                        books.......................................4.1d
                    Reading of............................4.1, 9.1, 28.1
            Senate Legal Counsel. See Legal Counsel.
            Senate Office Buildings:

[[Page 775]]

                    Assignment of space in.........................25.1n
                    Designated as Hart Senate Office Building........124
                    Designated as Russell and Dirksen Office 
                        Buildings....................................123
                    Regulation of...................................33.2
            Senate pages. See Pages, Senate.
            Senate Recording and Photographic Studios...............40.6
            Senate Restaurants
                    Control and direction of........................33.2
            Senate seal..............................................118
            Senate Security, Office of...............................135
            Senate Wing of the Capitol. See Capitol Building.
            Senate youth program.....................................106
            Senators:
                    Absence of.........................................6
                    Appointment of...................................2.2
                    Code of official conduct. See Rules 34-43.
                    Compensation of. See Compensation.
                    Contracts by. See Contracts.
                    Deceased:
                            Compensation of employees.................99
                    Directed to take his seat.......................19.4
                    Disclosure of financial interests.................34
                    Disparaging reference by one, to another........19.2
                    Ethics training, mandatory.......................105
                    Financial disclosure..............................34
                    Flags, Senate, purchase of.......................119
                    Foreign travel...............................39, 108
                    Franking privilege.........................40.1-40.5
                    Gifts.............................................35
                    Honoraria, prohibited.............................36
                    Legal investigations, contributions for costs 
                        of certain...................................115
                    Memorial tributes to.............................134
                    Oaths of...........................................3
                    Offensive reference by, to a State..............19.3
                    Official expenses, payment of
                            Documentation required for 
                                reimbursement........................109
                            Restriction on certain...................110
                    Outside business or professional activity or 
                        employment 
                        of............................................36
                    Post-employment lobbying........................37.8
                    Pro bono legal services, acceptance of...........116
                    Recording studios, restrictions on use of.......40.6
                    Retirement benefits. See 5 U.S.C. 
                        Sec. Sec. 8331-8348 (not included in 
                        Senate Manual).
                    Service pins or emblems..........................122
                    Staffs:
                            Anti-harassment training.................105
                    Standards of conduct, policy on...........34-43, 117
                    Subcommitee assignment....................25.4, 85.1
                    Unofficial office accounts prohibited.............38

[[Page 776]]

            Senators-elect:
                    Presentation of credentials of...................2.1
            Senators since the First Congress (table)
                    Special index to above..........................1905
            Senior citizen internship program........................107
            Sergeant at Arms. See also Officers of the Senate:
                    Doorkeeper of the Senate: Assistant 
                        doorkeepers, messengers acting as..........150.4
                    Quorum, function in obtaining....................6.4
                    Senate Office Buildings, enforcement of 
                        regulations..................................150
                    Senate pages. See Pages, Senate.
                    Senate wing of the Capitol, enforcement of 
                        regulations..................................150
                    Special deputies..................................89
                    Tort claims, settlement of.......................112
            Service pins or emblems..................................122
            Sessions:
                    Committee: Scheduling of..................26.3, 26.6
                    Executive.........................................29
                            On nominations............................31
                            On treaties...............................30
                            President of United States furnished 
                                with records of.......................32
                    With closed doors.................................21
            Signal lights, legislative............................150.12
            Simple resolutions. See Bills and resolutions.
            Small Business, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Smoking restrictions............................33.1, 150.14
            South Carolina:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1883, 1884
            South Dakota:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1885, 1886
            Space launch, claims exceeding liability insurance, 
                congressional oversight..............................424
            Special committees. See Committees, special.
            Special Gallery.......................................150.14
            Special orders............................................10
            Spending..................................................44
            Staffs of: (See also Employees of the Senate.)
                    Committees....................................27, 79
            Standards and conduct for Members, officers, and 
                employees of Senate...........................34-43, 117
            Standing Committee of Correspondents..................150.15
            Standing Committee of Press Photographers.............150.15
            Standing Committees of the Senate. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Standing orders not embraced in the rules.............60-135
            Standing Rules of the Senate:
                    Amendment or suspension of.......................5.1
                    Continuance in effect from Congress to 
                        Congress.....................................5.2
                    Motion to proceed to consideration of any 
                        change in....................................8.2
                    Suspension of......................................5

[[Page 777]]

            State Department, Senate requests to for information 
                on human rights practices............................363
            State, offensive reference by a Senator to a............19.3
            State, Secretaries of (table)...........................1971
            Statements of witnesses before committees, staff to 
                prepare digests of.................................26.4b
            States:
                    Admitted to the Union since the adoption of 
                        the Constitution (table)....................1991
                    Ratification of the Constitution by.............1719
                            (table).................................1990
                    Thirteen Original (table).......................1990
            Stenographic assistance for reporting of committee 
                hearings............................................26.1
            Subcommittees...........................................25.4
            Subpoena power of committees (standing).................26.1
                    Aging (Special)...................................84
                    Ethics (Select)...................................77
                    Indian Affairs (Other)............................85
                    Intelligence (Select).............................81
            Enforcement of Senate subpoena or order..............276-277
            Suits, filing of, by committees...........................87
            Summary of testimony before committees, staff to 
                prepare............................................26.4c
            Supplemental expenditure authorizations for committees
                                                                    26.9
            Supplemental views in committee reports...............26.10c
            Supreme Court Justices (table)..........................1970
            Surveillance by committees of execution of laws by 
                agencies...........................................26.8a
            Suspension of the rules....................................5

                                          T

            Tariff, Senate consideration of legislation providing 
                limited tariff benefits..............................344
            Tape copies of floor broadcast, use of....................70
            Tariff treatment of products of uncooperative drug 
                producing countries..................................353
            Television broadcasting:
                    Committee hearings and meetings................26.5c
                    Senate chamber proceedings........................70
            Temporary protected status, limitation on Senate 
                consideration of immigration legislation providing
                                                                     336
            Tennessee:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1887, 1888
            Texas:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1889, 1890
            Tort claims, settlement of...............................112
            Trade agreements, Congressional procedures with 
                respect to Presidential actions on...............357-359
                    Bipartisan Trade Promotion Authority.........357-359
            Training for professional staffs of committees............80
            Transit programs, Senate participation...................114
            Transportation, Secretaries of (table)..................1985

[[Page 778]]

            Travel expenses:
                    Employees of Senate..............................108
                    Foreign travel.........................35.3, 39, 108
                    Senators and staffs.................35, 39, 108, 114
                    Witnesses........................................113
            Treasury, Secretaries of (table)........................1972
            Treaties:
                    Injunction of secrecy on..................29.3, 30.1
                    Proceedings on....................................30
            Trials, impeachment......................................170
            Trust funds.............................................34.4
            Two-day rule............................................17.5

                                          U

            Unanimous consent:
                    To change or withdraw a Senator's vote..........12.1
                    To proceed to the consideration of a subject 
                                                                7.2, 8.2
                    To reconsider a question........................13.1
                    To suspend a rule..................................5
                    To suspend reading of Journal....................4.1
                    To take a final vote on a specific date.........12.4
            Unfinished business..............................10.1, 19.1b
            Unfunded mandates. See Budget process, Congressional
            United Nations, congressional review of reimbursement 
                for goods and services provided to...................360
            Unofficial office accounts prohibited.....................38
            Utah:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1891, 1892

                                          V

            Ventilating Senate wing..................................150
            Vermont:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1893, 1894
            Veterans' Affairs, Committee on. See Committees, 
                standing.
            Veterans' Affairs, Senate review of certain waivers of 
                law proposed by......................................372
            Veterans' Affairs asset and infrastructure review, 
                congressional disapproval procedure..................383
            Veterans' Affairs, Secretaries of (table)...............1988
            Vice President: (see also President of the Senate; 
                President(s) pro tempore; Presiding Officer):
                    Absence of..................................1.1, 1.2
                    Busts of former..................................121
                    Electoral votes for (table)................1906-1960
            Virginia:
                    Historical data.................................1990
                    Ratification of the Constitution..........1719, 1990
                    Senators from, since formation of the Union 
                        (table)...............................1895, 1896
            Virgin Islands (historical data)........................1993

[[Page 779]]

            Visitors' Galleries...................................150.14
            Votes, electoral, for President and Vice President 
                (table)........................................1906-1960
            Voting....................................................12
                    Changing or withdrawing a Senator's vote........12.1
                    Committee.......................................26.7
                            By proxy................................26.7
                    Reconsideration...................................13
                    Senator declining to vote.......................12.2
                    Unanimous consent to take a final vote on a 
                        specific date...............................12.4
                    Yeas and nays...................................12.1
                            From Senator's assigned desk..............62

                                          W

            War, Secretaries of (table).............................1974
            War Powers Resolution, procedures for congressional 
                authorization and oversight......................414-418
            Washington, State of:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1897, 1898
            Washington's Farewell Address, reading of.................66
            Webster, Daniel, desk in Senate chamber...................67
            West Virginia:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1899, 1900
            Whips. See Majority Whip; Minority Whip.
            Wisconsin:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1901, 1902
            Withdrawal of papers....................................11.2
            Witnesses. See also Committee(s): Hearings.
            World Trade Organization (WTO), congressional review 
                of United States participation.......................356
            Wyoming:
                    Historical data.................................1991
                    Senators from, since admission to the Union 
                        (table)...............................1903, 1904

                                          Y

            Yeas and nays.......................................12.1, 62
            Youth program, Senate....................................106