[House Document 115-62]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



 
115th Congress, 1st Session - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - House Document No. 115-62
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                        PRECEDENTS 
   
                                          OF THE 


                                       United States 
                            
                                  House of Representatives 

                                      
                                            By 
 
                               CHARLES W. JOHNSON, III, J.D. 

                                Parliamentarian of the House, 
           
                                         1994-2004 

                                  JOHN V. SULLIVAN, J.D. 

    
                               Parliamentarian of the House, 
                                  
                                         2004-2012 

                              THOMAS J. WICKHAM, Jr., J.D. 
                        
                           Parliamentarian of the House, 2012- 


                                          VOLUME 1 

                   __________________________________________________________
                   
                       COVERING PRECEDENTS THROUGH THE OPENING DAY OF 
                      THE 115TH CONGRESS AND EMPLOYING CITATIONS TO THE
                   RULES AND TO THE HOUSE RULES AND MANUAL OF THAT CONGRESS 
                   __________________________________________________________



_________________________________________________________________________________________
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                    Preface to New Precedent Series

    This book marks the inaugural volume in the fourth series of the 
precedents of the United States House of Representatives. This series 
continues the efforts of the Office of the Parliamentarian, pursuant to 
law, to compile and publish the parliamentary precedents of the House.
    The overarching role of the Office of the Parliamentarian is to 
facilitate the orderly conduct of business in the House by applying 
pertinent precedent to each procedural question as it arises, striving 
always to achieve consistency and regularity in parliamentary practice. 
In resolving questions of order, the Speaker and other presiding 
officers of the House adhere to the jurisprudential principle of stare 
decisis_a commitment to stand by earlier decisions. This fidelity to 
precedent promotes analytic consistency and procedural predictability, 
and thereby fosters legitimacy in parliamentary practice. To quote 
Lewis Deschler, former Parliamentarian: ``If the precedents of the 
House can be said to have an overriding function, it is to enable the 
Members to govern themselves democratically and fairly and at the same 
time execute the will of the majority.''
    The compilation of the parliamentary precedents of the House is as 
important as any other function of the Office of the Parliamentarian. 
This compilation process begins when parliamentary or procedural events 
occur on the floor of the House. These events are recorded in the 
Congressional Record, which is reviewed and notated regularly by the 
Parliamentarian. From these notations, a parliamentary syllabus is 
prepared, stating the substance of the decision and its legal rationale 
in suitably narrow terms. These ``headnotes'' are then logged in an 
internal database and compiled annually into scrapbooks for use by the 
Office. Finally, following years of analysis and review, the formal 
precedents are published in works such as this_extracting the most 
pertinent parliamentary events, and organizing them into a coherent and 
logical framework. Each precedent is presented with Congressional 
Record excerpts and annotated with descriptive procedural narratives 
that concisely state the applicable legal principles at issue. The 
published precedents thus represent for the House the most critical 
element of what Thomas Jefferson referred to in 1800 as the 
``parliamentary branch of the law.''
    The first series of House precedents, compiling the early 
precedents of the House from the First Congress through 1907, were 
published at the beginning of the 20th century in the five-volume work 
of Asher Hinds. The second series, compiled by Clarence Cannon, updated 
Hinds' work by publishing precedents from 1908 to 1936 in three 
additional volumes. The third series was commenced in 1974 by House 
Parliamentarian Lewis Deschler. The Deschler series continued with 
publications during the tenures of Parliamentarians William H. Brown, 
Charles W. Johnson III, and John V. Sullivan, with a final volume of 
the series published in 2013. The Deschler series, made up of 18 
volumes, was published over a 35-year period, reflecting a broad span 
of precedents dependent on the publication date of each individual 
volume.
    This fourth series of House precedents will maintain the overall 
organizational structure of the preceding series. Thus, each chapter in 
this new series will have a counterpart in the Deschler series, 
covering the same general subject matter, and will analyze procedural 
events occurring since the prior publication. The reasoning for this 
editorial decision is perhaps best illustrated by a quote from Henry H. 
Smith, a former Journal Clerk of the House, who wrote in 1890 that, 
``[U]niformity of arrangement of matter in a work of this character is 
of the first importance, and except for manifest reasons, should not be 
changed.''
    The series will continue the tradition of earlier volumes by 
presenting not only binding precedents but also the institutional 
history of the House. Thus, while the focus will typically be on formal 
procedural decisions of the Chair, the series will examine a broader 
range of House proceedings_from parliamentary rulings on discrete 
points of order to customary usages that attend ceremonial occasions 
and other non-legislative events.
    The naming of this series (``Precedents of the United States House 
of Representatives'') is a movement toward the original convention 
found in the United States Code (2 U.S.C. Sec. 28) and an 
acknowledgment of the evolution of the Office of Compilation of 
Precedents_a division of the Office of the Parliamentarian. The manual 
recordkeeping methods of the 1920s, when the Office of the 
Parliamentarian first began compiling parliamentary rulings, have given 
way to the sophisticated tools of the digital age. Paper files and 
handwritten notations have now been supplanted by an internal 
electronic database consisting of over 20,000 entries. The completion 
of the Deschler series and this inaugural volume of the new series 
would not have been possible without the two editors that anchor the 
Office of Compilation of Precedents_Andrew Neal and Max Spitzer. The 
contributions of these excellent attorneys to the development of that 
office and the unyielding drive for consistent analysis and publication 
of the precedents are gratefully acknowledged.
    One challenge of this series will be to document the procedural 
change that has occurred at a rapid pace since the publication of the 
initial volumes of the Deschler series in the 1970s. Parliamentarian 
Charles W. Johnson invoked this rapidity in his retirement letter of 
2004, following forty years of service in the Office of the 
Parliamentarian. He wrote: ``One need only refer to the prefaces of 
Hinds, Cannon's, and Deschler's Precedents to gain a sense of the 
extent of the procedural evolution in the House for the first 190 years 
of the Republic, and then compare with that documented history the 
nature and pace of more recent changes, to understand the enormity of 
contemporary developments.''
    Among the most fundamental developments has been the expanding role 
of ad hoc special orders of business reported by the Committee on Rules 
in the daily business of the House. The growth in the use of special 
rules to provide for the consideration of otherwise privileged business 
and the increased structuring of those rules will be documented in this 
series. The series will also detail the decreased use of conference 
committees as a means of resolving differences between the legislative 
products of the two chambers. Evolving transparency requirements will 
be addressed as the rules of the House have been modified to account 
for technological change_for example, the ability to make House 
documents available to Members and staff in electronic form. The series 
will also illuminate continuity of Congress provisions adopted after 
the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
    Finally, the goal of this series is to preserve a foundation for 
future parliamentary decision-making in the body closest to the people 
in our Federal government. The highly-organized structure and 
illustrated citations will guide the sophisticated researcher of 
parliamentary procedure and foster the transparency that is an 
essential element of prudent lawmaking. Through the publication, 
distribution, and use of this fourth series of precedents, the House 
continues its commitment to its founding ideals of regularity and 
consistency in parliamentary practice.

                                                Thomas J. Wickham, Jr.
                                                       Parliamentarian
                                                      December 1, 2017
                                                      



                                   


                            Acknowledgements

    Acknowledgement is made with appreciation to the staff of the 
Office of Compilation of Precedents, Catherine Moran, Bryan Feldblum, 
and Parliamentarian Emeritus Charles W. Johnson_and all the staff at 
the Office of the Parliamentarian_Ethan Lauer, Jason Smith, Anne Gooch, 
Kyle Jones, Julia Cook, Lloyd Jenkins and Kristen Donahue for their 
diligent annotation and documentation of the precedents. Assistance to 
this work was provided by details from the Government Publishing 
Office, Eve Hiers, Barbara Pike, and Alicia Torres and by interns 
Krista Viksnins, Thomas Sudol, Madison Lamp, Daniel Bushner, Aaron 
Garavaglia, Jasmine Young, Hannah Hanshaw, Megan Hawkins, Shannon Sun, 
Emily Nevala, Drew Bencie, and Max Aulbach.

                                                Thomas J. Wickham, Jr.
                                                        Andrew S. Neal
                                                        Max A. Spitzer

  December 2017
  
  


      Citation Notes for Precedents of the United States House of 
                            Representatives

    For Precedents of the United States House of Representatives, cite 
to Parliamentarian last name, chapter, section number:
    Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 1.1

    For Hinds' and Cannon's Precedents, cite to volume, series, section 
number:
    1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 101; 7 Cannon's Precedents Sec. 3900

    For Deschler's Precedents, Deschler-Brown Precedents, Deschler-
Brown-Johnson Precedents, and Deschler-Brown-Johnson-Sullivan 
Precedents, cite to Deschler's Precedents, chapter, section number:
    Deschler's Precedents Ch. 11 Sec. 1.1
    
    
               Table of Abbreviations and Terms


      A. (or A.2d)              Atlantic Reporter                  
      ad hoc                    For a particular purpose or end    
      A.L.R.                    American Law Reports Annotated     
      Am Jur                    American Jurisprudence             
      amend.                    Amendment to the Constitution      
      Annals of Cong.           Annals of Congress (1789ï¿½091824)     
      App. D.C.                 Appeal Cases, District of Columbia 
      App. Div.                 Appellate Division                 
      art.                      Article of the Constitution        
      C.A.                      Court of Appeals                   
      Cert.                     Certiorari                         
      cf.                       Compare with                       
      CFR                       Code of Federal Regulations        
      Ch.                       Chapter                            
      Cir.                      Circuit Court of Appeals (federal) 
      Cir. Ct. App.             Circuit Court of Appeals (state)   
      cl.                       clause                             
      Comm.                     Committee                          
      Cong.                     Congress                           
      Cong. Deb.                Congressional Debates (1824ï¿½091837)  
      Cong. Globe               Congressional Globe (1833ï¿½091873)    
      Cong. Rec.                Congressional Record               
      contra                    Contradictory authority            
      Crim. App.                Court of Criminal Appeals          
      Ct. Cl.                   Court of Claims                    
      D.                        District Court (federal)           
      daily ed.                 Daily edition of Record            
      e.g.                      For example                        
      et al.                    Omission of party in case name     
      et seq.                   And the following                  
      ex rel.                   On the relation of. . .            
      Exec. Comm.               Executive Communication            
      F (or F2d)                Federal Reporter                   
      FCA                       Federal Code Annotated             
      Fed. Reg.                 Federal Register                   
      FRD                       Federal Rules Decisions            
      F Supp                    Federal Supplement                 
      H. Con. Res.              House Concurrent Resolution        
      H. Doc.                   House Document                     
      H.J. Res.                 House Joint Resolution             
      H. Jour.                  House Journal                      
      H.R.                      House Bill                         
      H. Rept.                  House Report                       
      H. Res.                   House Resolution                   
      Id.                       Citation to same authority as in immedi- 
                                  ately preceding citation               
      i.e.                      That is                                  
      In re                     In the matter of . . .                   
      infra                     Subsequent section or chapter            
      inter alia                Among others                             
      L.Ed (or L.Ed2d)          Lawyers' Edition, U.S. Supreme Court     
                                  Reports                                  
      L.J.                      Law Journal                              
      L. Rev.                   Law Review                               
      Mem.                      Disposition of case without opinion      
      N.E. (or N.E.2d)          North Eastern Reporter                   
      N.W. (or N.W.2d)          North Western Reporter                   
      Op. Att'y Gen.            Attorney General's Opinions              
      P. (or P.2d)              Pacific Reporter                         
      Per Curiam                Disposition of case with short opinion   
      Priv. L.                  Private Law                              
      Pub. L.                   Uncodified Statute or Session Law        
      S.                        Senate Bill                              
      S. Con. Res.              Senate Concurrent Resolution             
      S. Ct.                    Supreme Court Reporter                   
      S. Doc.                   Senate Document                          
      S.E. (or S.E.2d)          South Eastern Reporter                   
      Sess.                     Session                                  
      Sic                       Mistake in original of quoted material   
      S.J. Res.                 Senate Joint Resolution                  
      S. Jour.                  Senate Journal                           
      S. Rept.                  Senate Report                            
      S. Res.                   Senate Resolution                        
      So. (or So.2d)            Southern Reporter                        
      Stat.                     Statutes at large                        
      Sup. Ct.                  Supreme Court                            
      supra                     Prior section or chapter                 
      S.W. (or S.W.2d)          South Western Reporter                   
      U.S.                      United States Supreme Court  Reports     
      USC (or USCA)             United States Code (or United States     
                                  Code Annotated)                        
      U.S. Code Cong. & Ad.     United States Code Congressional and     
        News                      Administrative News                    
      U.S. Const.               United States Constitution
      U.S.L.W.                  United States Law Week                   
         
  


                                Contents



Chapter 1. Assembly of Congress

A. Sessions of Congress

   Sec.  1. In General
   Sec.  2. The Date of Convening

B. Meeting and Organization

   Sec.  3. Clerk as Presiding Officer
   Sec.  4. Election of Speaker
   Sec.  5. Speaker as Presiding Officer
   Sec.  6. Adoption of Rules
   Sec.  7. Organization at a Second Session
   Sec.  8. Legislative Business of a Prior Session

C. Other Assembly and Convening Issues

   Sec.  9. Hour of Meeting
   Sec. 10. Place of Meeting
   Sec. 11. Recall, Reassembly, and Emergency Convening


Chapter 2. Oaths

   Sec. 1. In General; Status of Members-elect and Delegates-elect
   Sec. 2. Presentation of Credentials and the Clerk's Roll
   Sec. 3. Administering the Oath
   Sec. 4. Challenging the Right to be Sworn


Chapter 3. Party Organization

A. The Democratic Caucus and the Republican Conference

   Sec.  1. In General
   Sec.  2. Role of Parties at Organization
   Sec.  3. Other Duties and Functions of the Caucus or Conference
   Sec.  4. Party Committees and Other Informal Groups

B. Floor Leaders and Party Whips

   Sec.  5. In General
   Sec.  6. The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader
   Sec.  7. Party Whips

C. Committee Assignments

   Sec.  8. Electing Members to Committees
   Sec.  9. Committee Size and Ratios; Limitations on Service
   Sec. 10. Committee Procedures and Staff

D. Party Affiliation and Debate

   Sec. 11. Recognition for Debate Based on Party Affiliation
   Sec. 12. Non-Legislative Debate


Chapter 4. House Facilities and Capitol Grounds

A. Hall of the House

   Sec.  1. Control of the Hall of the House Generally
   Sec.  2. The Electronic Voting System; Legislative Call System
   Sec.  3. Audio-Visual Broadcast of House Proceedings
   Sec.  4. Galleries
   Sec.  5. Admission to the House Floor
   Sec.  6. Former Members' Floor Privileges

B. Capitol Grounds

   Sec.  7. The Capitol Complex
   Sec.  8. House Office Buildings
   Sec.  9. The Capitol Visitor Center
   Sec. 10. The Senate Chamber
   
   


                               CHAPTER 1


                          Assembly of Congress



---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Commentary and editing by Andrew S. Neal, J.D. and Max A. Spitzer, 
J.D., LL.M.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

A. Sessions of Congress

   Sec.  1. In General
   Sec.  2. The Date of Convening

B. Meeting and Organization

   Sec.  3. Clerk as Presiding Officer
   Sec.  4. Election of Speaker
   Sec.  5. Speaker as Presiding Officer
   Sec.  6. Adoption of Rules
   Sec.  7. Organization at a Second Session
   Sec.  8. Legislative Business of a Prior Session

C. Other Assembly and Convening Issues

   Sec.  9. Hour of Meeting
   Sec. 10. Place of Meeting
   Sec. 11. Recall, Reassembly, and Emergency Convening






                          Assembly of Congress


                        A. Sessions of Congress



Sec. 1. In General

    An understanding of the rules and proceedings of the United States 
House of Representatives begins with an examination of the first day of 
a new Congress. This series of parliamentary precedents will proceed 
from that opening day when the House first assembles, through an 
exploration of procedures that are used both on a regular basis as well 
as those used less frequently (including historical usages), and will 
end with a discussion of adjournments of the House, including the final 
adjournment sine die of a congressional session.
    This chapter is primarily concerned with the procedural steps and 
principles involved in organizing the House of Representatives as a 
parliamentary body at the opening of a new Congress. The customs, 
traditions, and precedents of the House mandate the proceedings (and 
the order in which they occur) that must take place when the House 
first assembles. The first division of this chapter is a general 
introduction to the terms and concepts used throughout this chapter and 
other chapters in this series. It distinguishes between different types 
of meetings that the House conducts, how the term ``session'' is used 
in different contexts, and what it means to convene the House for 
legislative activity. It also addresses the initial date of convening, 
including the constitutional requirements surrounding the setting of 
that date and the ability of Congress to set a different date by law.
    The second division deals primarily with the rules and customs 
adhered to on opening day of a new Congress. It proceeds roughly 
chronologically through the various steps of organization, including 
the initial quorum call of Members-elect, the election of the Speaker, 
and the administration of the oath of office. It further covers the 
procedural landscape prior to the adoption of the standing rules of the 
House and the customs and precedents incident to their adoption. It 
concludes with a discussion of organization at a second (or subsequent) 
session of the House, and analysis of legislative business that carries 
over from one session to another or from one Congress to another.
    The third division addresses other convening issues, such as 
distinguishing legislative days from calendar days and setting the 
daily hour at which the House is to meet for a given session. It also 
discusses the constitutional requirement regarding the place of meeting 
and the ability of Congress to assemble at a different location. 
Finally, it examines the procedures involved in recalling the House 
from an adjournment so that it may reassemble and conduct legislative 
business, as well as emergency convening authorities and how they are 
exercised.

Terms and Concepts

    The term ``session'' in the context of meetings of Congress can 
have a variety of meanings, so it is important to distinguish one type 
of session from another. The ``lifespan'' of a Congress encompasses the 
two-year term for which Members of the House are elected, beginning on 
the constitutionally-required January 3 start date(1) (even 
if the House delays its formal convening until a later 
date)(2) and typically ending with sine die adjournment 
(although the House may still take actions through its committees until 
noon on January 3).(3) Within that two-year period, Congress 
usually meets in two separate sessions. The President also has the 
authority to call special sessions of Congress, though this power has 
not been exercised in many years.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. U.S. Const. amend. XX; House Rules and Manual Sec. 242 (2017).
 2. See Sec. 2, infra.
 3. For more on adjournment, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 40.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The term ``session'' may also refer to particular kinds of meetings 
of the House or of Congress. For example a joint session occurs when 
both the House and Senate meet together in the House Chamber. Joint 
sessions are typically used when Congress wishes to hear an address 
from the President (including the annual address on the state of the 
Union),(4) and every four years Congress meets in joint 
session to count the electoral votes for President.(5) Joint 
sessions should be distinguished from joint meetings, which are 
typically used when the House and Senate wish to meet together to hear 
an address from a foreign dignitary or other personages.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. For more on joint sessions of Congress to receive presidential 
        messages, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 35 Sec. Sec. 4, 5 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 35.
 5. For more on presidential elections and the electoral college, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 10 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 10.
 6. For more on ceremonial joint meetings, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 36 Sec. 23 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 36.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House will occasionally meet in what is termed a pro forma 
session. This type of meeting generally does not involve the conduct of 
any legislative business, and may last as little as a few minutes 
before the House adjourns. Such meetings are typically used when the 
two Houses are unable to agree to an adjournment resolution and the 
House needs to conduct a meeting pursuant to the constitutional 
requirement of convening every third day.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 4; House Rules and Manual Sec. 84 
        (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House also (though rarely) conducts secret sessions pursuant to 
clause 10 of rule XVII.(8) These special meetings of the 
House are closed to the public, and only Members who have signed an 
oath of secrecy may attend.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. House Rules and Manual Sec. 969 (2017).
 9. For more on secret sessions of the House, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 29 Sec. 85 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 2. The Date of Convening

    As noted above, the 20th amendment to the U.S. Constitution 
requires Congress to assemble at least once a year and provides that 
such assembly take place at noon on January 3 unless Congress has, by 
law, appointed a different day.(1) Since the ratification of 
the 20th amendment in 1933, Congress has traditionally conducted one 
session each year. The only exceptions occurred in the 75th and 76th 
Congresses,(2) when President Franklin Roosevelt exercised 
his power under article II, section 3, of the Constitution, to convene 
two special sessions of Congress.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. For the first assembly of Congress pursuant to the 20th amendment, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.5.
 2. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 2.1-2.3.
 3. Parliamentarian's Note: President Franklin Roosevelt's exercise of 
        these convening authorities occurred after sine die adjournment 
        of the first session of the 75th and 76th Congresses in 1937 
        and 1939 respectively. Thus, upon reconvening pursuant to the 
        presidential proclamation, the House and Senate met in a second 
        session of each respective Congress (with the subsequent 
        regular session constituting a third session of those 
        Congresses). By contrast, President Harry Truman convened 
        Congress on two occasions (in 1947 and 1948) during a regular 
        adjournment period (not sine die). Thus, those meetings of 
        Congress constituted extensions of the first and second 
        sessions of the 80th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Congress has frequently changed the date of convening by joint 
resolution enacted into law.(4) In most cases, this action 
was simply a matter of convenience_for example, the desire of Members 
to avoid conducting an opening-day session on a weekend or other 
inconvenient time. Because of the relatively uncontroversial nature of 
such laws, the House has typically considered joint resolutions to 
change the convening date by unanimous consent(5) or 
suspension of the rules(6) (though special orders of 
business have also been used).(7) Though rare, amendments to 
such joint resolutions are in order.(8) The Chair does not 
normally interpret constitutional provisions in response to 
parliamentary inquiries, but the Chair has provided to Members a 
constitutional citation for the authority of Congress to change the 
date of convening.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. A complete list of all public laws since the 74th Congress in 1937 
        changing the date of convening for a session of Congress can be 
        found at: House Rules and Manual Sec. 243 (2017). For an 
        example of ``precall'' authority provided in a joint resolution 
        changing the date of convening, see Sec. 11.9, infra.
 5. See Sec. 2.4, infra.
 6. See Sec. 2.2, infra.
 7. See Sec. 2.3, infra.
 8. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.8.
 9. See Sec. 2.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Expiration of a Session

    A session of Congress formally ends or expires when both Houses 
agree to a concurrent resolution providing for adjournment sine die 
(literally ``without day'').(10) An adjournment sine die 
takes the House into a period of adjournment until the next session, 
which will either occur at noon on January 3 or on a different date 
should Congress enact a law changing the date of convening. In the 
absence of a concurrent resolution providing for sine die adjournment, 
a session of Congress will ``naturally'' expire at noon on January 3, 
as that is the constitutionally-prescribed date on which the terms of 
Senators and Representatives begin.(11) Thomas Jefferson, in 
his Manual of Parliamentary Practice, describes this form of 
termination as the ``dissolution of the efflux of their 
time.''(12) If the House is still in session on January 3, 
the Chair will typically declare the House adjourned sine die a few 
moments prior to noon. Alternatively, the Chair may await a motion to 
adjourn from the floor.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. For adjournments sine die generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        40 Sec. Sec. 14-18 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 40.
11. For an example of the expiration of a first session on January 3, 
        see Sec. 2.5, infra. See also 125 Cong. Rec. 37773, 37774, 96th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1980); 137 Cong. Rec. 36367, 102d 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1992); 141 Cong. Rec. 38609, 38610, 
        104th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1996); and 157 Cong. Rec. 21498 
        112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2012). For an example of the 
        expiration of a second session on January 3, see Sec. 2.6, 
        infra. See also 154 Cong. Rec. 24811-13, 110th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2009). For a similar expiration of the final session 
        of the 76th Congress in the Senate, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 1 Sec. 2.4.
12. House Rules and Manual Sec. 590 (2017).
13. See 137 Cong. Rec. 36367, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1992).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pursuant to section 132(a) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 
1946,(14) Congress is technically obligated to adjourn sine 
die by July 31 (in even-numbered years). However, while the term 
``shall'' is used, the act specifically states that such provision is 
applicable ``[u]nless otherwise provided by the Congress.'' This 
language has been interpreted to authorize a waiver of this law via 
concurrent resolution (which may provide for an alternate adjournment 
schedule), and such resolutions have used the phrase ``in consonance 
with section 132(a)'' to formally indicate a waiver of that 
provision.(15) This provision of law is inapplicable in 
cases of national emergency.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. P.L. 79-601, 60 Stat. 812 (as amended by the Legislative 
        Reorganization Act of 1970, P.L. 91-510, Sec. 461, 84 Stat. 
        1140).
15. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 16.
16. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Pro Forma Sessions

    As noted above, a pro forma session of the House is a regular 
legislative session of the House at which no substantive business is 
expected to occur. Under the Constitution, neither House of Congress 
may adjourn for more than three days without the consent of the other 
body. In cases where an adjournment for a longer period is desired_but 
the two Houses are unable to agree on a concurrent resolution of 
adjournment_the House may provide for one or more pro forma sessions to 
bridge the gap between the date of adjournment and the date of next 
convening.(17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. See Sec. 2.11, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 3.9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It is not uncommon for the House to provide for one or more pro 
forma sessions to begin a second session of Congress. At such sessions, 
an order of the House provides that no organizational business occurs, 
and the initial quorum call to begin the second session will be delayed 
until the date when regular legislative activities are scheduled to 
commence.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. See Sec. Sec. 2.8, 2.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the event that a concurrent resolution providing for sine die 
adjournment of both Houses is unable to be adopted, the House may (by 
simple resolution) provide for a series of pro forma sessions to end 
the legislative session instead.(19) The House may also 
authorize a series of recesses of the House that continue a single 
legislative day through a number of calendar days, but which do not 
violate the three-day limit imposed by the Constitution.(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. See Sec. 2.12, infra.
20. See Sec. 2.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Date of Convening

Sec. 2.1 While the Chair does not construe the constitutionality of a 
    proposed action of the House, the Chair may cite for the 
    information of Members the provision of the Constitution pursuant 
    to which a joint resolution setting a convening day for the next 
    Congress will be considered.

    On November 26, 1974,(21) Members of the House debated 
the ability of the House and Senate to set the date of convening for 
the following Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 120 Cong. Rec. 37407-408, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Garry] BROWN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, if this Congress 
    can set a different date than January 3 for the convening of the 
    new Congress why cannot this Congress set a convening day of August 
    15, or even December 31 of 1975, since the Constitution stipulates 
    that the Congress meet once each year?
        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. I suppose we could do 
    that if we wanted to do it. I know that the 90th Congress convened 
    on January 19. So we are following the will of the House and the 
    Senate.
        Mr. BROWN of Michigan. I know that there has been a precedent 
    established by the Congress of passing a bill and being signed by 
    the President, so, in the terms of the Constitution a new date for 
    convening has been set by the Congress, but, may I ask, has that 
    issue ever been contested, and judicially determined, so that the 
    procedure can properly be called a precedent?
        Mr. O'NEILL. I would have to say to the gentleman from Michigan 
    that the gentleman would have to ask the Speaker that question as a 
    parliamentary inquiry, or perhaps the Parliamentarian.
        Mr. BROWN of Michigan. If the gentleman will yield still 
    further, and I do not intend to be difficult on this issue, because 
    I recognize that that could make me persona non grata, but I have 
    pursued this subject and raised this issue before. I frankly do not 
    believe that this Congress can set a different date for the 
    convening of the House and the Senate other than the day set by the 
    Constitution, and that is January 3.
        The SPEAKER.(22) The gentleman is not stating a 
    parliamentary inquiry, but if he wants the constitutional citation, 
    the Chair is prepared to give it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. BROWN of Michigan. I would appreciate if the Chair would.
        The SPEAKER. Clause 2, section II of the 20th amendment:

  The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting 
shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law 
appoint a different day.

        Mr. BROWN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, that language appertains to 
    that Congress. The logic is there and clear. This Congress, 
    accordingly, can say to the next Congress, ``You cannot meet until 
    December 31, 1975.'' Obviously, that is not a logical objective of 
    Congress.
        The SPEAKER. This has been the congressional interpretation of 
    that provision of the Constitution. The Chair does not want to get 
    involved in this, but the Chair thinks if the Constitution meant 
    something else, it would state ``meet every other year.''
        Mr. BROWN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I wish the Speaker would 
    cite other precedents than his own precedents.
        I thank the Speaker.

Sec. 2.2 A joint resolution providing for the convening of the second 
    session of the 93d Congress on January 21, 1974, was considered and 
    passed under suspension of the rules.

    On December 17, 1973,(23) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 119 Cong. Rec. 42059, 93d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and pass the Senate joint resolution (S.J. Res. 
    180) relative to the convening of the second session of the 93d 
    Congress.
        The Clerk read as follows:

S.J. Res. 180

  Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States 
of America in Congress assembled, That the second regular session of the 
Ninety-third Congress shall begin at noon on Monday, January 21, 1974, or 
at noon on the second day after their respective Members are notified to 
reassemble in accordance with section 2 of this resolution, whichever event 
first occurs.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro 
tempore of the Senate, or the Majority Leader of the Senate and the 
Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, or the Minority Leader of 
the Senate and the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives, shall 
notify the Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives, 
respectively, to reassemble whenever in their opinion the public interest 
shall warrant it.

Sec. 2.3 A joint resolution providing for the convening of the second 
    session of the 107th Congress on January 23, 2002, was considered 
    and passed pursuant to a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules.

    On December 20, 2001,(24) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. 147 Cong. Rec. 27578, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H. RES. 322, APPOINTING DAY FOR 
           THE CONVENING OF THE SECOND SESSION OF THE 107TH CONGRESS

        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 322

  Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution it shall be in order 
to consider in the House a joint resolution appointing the day for the 
convening of the second session of the One Hundred Seventh Congress. The 
joint resolution shall be considered as read for amendment. The previous 
question shall be considered as ordered on the joint resolution to final 
passage without intervening motion except: (1) one hour of debate equally 
divided and controlled by the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader or 
their designees; and (2) one motion to recommit.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(25) The gentleman from 
    Washington (Mr. Hastings) is recognized for 1 hour.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. David Camp (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Richard (Doc)] HASTINGS of Washington. . . .
        Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 322 is a closed rule providing 
    for consideration of a joint resolution appointing the day for the 
    convening of the second session of the 107th Congress. The joint 
    resolution shall be considered as read for amendment.
        The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the 
    joint resolution to final passage without intervening motion 
    except: (1) 1 hour of debate, equally divided and controlled by the 
    Majority Leader and the Minority Leader or their designees; and (2) 
    one motion to recommit.
        Mr. Speaker, we had hoped to bring this resolution to the floor 
    under unanimous consent agreement, but were unable to secure such 
    an agreement. Accordingly, in the interest of completing the work 
    of the House as expeditiously as possible, I encourage my 
    colleagues to support both this rule and the resolution that it 
    makes in order.
        Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
        Mr. [Jonas] FROST [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such 
    time as I may consume.
        Mr. Speaker, this rule makes in order a joint resolution which 
    sets the date for convening of the second session of the 107th 
    Congress as January 23, 2002. This is a totally noncontroversial 
    rule and joint resolution, and I urge adoption of both.

        Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
        Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the 
    balance of my time, and I move the previous question on the 
    resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The resolution was agreed to.

Sec. 2.4 A joint resolution providing for the convening of the first 
    session of the 114th Congress on January 6, 2015, was considered 
    and passed by unanimous consent.

    On November 14, 2014,(26) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. 160 Cong. Rec. H7985 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         APPOINTING THE DAY FOR THE CONVENING OF THE FIRST SESSION OF 
                      THE ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS

        Mr. [Kevin] McCARTHY of California. Mr. Speaker, I send to the 
    desk a joint resolution (H.J. Res. 129) appointing the day for the 
    convening of the first session of the One Hundred Fourteenth 
    Congress, and ask unanimous consent for its immediate consideration 
    in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the joint resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(27) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Steve Womack (AR).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the joint resolution is as follows:

H.J. Res. 129

    Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled, That the first regular session of 
the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress shall begin at noon on Tuesday, January 
6, 2015.

        The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a 
    third time, was read the third time and passed, and a motion to 
    reconsider was laid on the table.

Expiration of Sessions

Sec. 2.5 The House convened for the final meeting of the first session 
    of the 113th Congress on January 3, 2014, at which (following a 
    brief recess) the Chair declared the House adjourned sine die 
    pursuant to the 20th amendment to the Constitution.

    On January 3, 2014,(28) the House convened at 11:00 
a.m., approved the Journal, recessed until 11:55 a.m., and then 
adjourned sine die as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 159 Cong. Rec. H8137 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For similar 
        sine die adjournment of the Senate, see 159 Cong. Rec. S9121 
        [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2014).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                THE JOURNAL    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(29) Pursuant to section 
    6(a) of House Resolution 438, the Journal of the last day's 
    proceedings is approved. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Thomas Petri (WI)                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Messer) at 11 o'clock and 55 minutes a.m. 
    . . .                          -------------------

                            SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(30) Pursuant to the 20th 
    amendment to the Constitution, the Chair declares the first session 
    of the 113th Congress adjourned sine die.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. Luke Messer (IN)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Accordingly (at 11 o'clock and 56 minutes a.m.), the House 
    adjourned.

Sec. 2.6 The House convened for the final meeting of the second session 
    of the 112th Congress on January 3, 2013, at which the Chair 
    declared the House adjourned sine die pursuant to the 20th 
    Amendment to the Constitution.

    On January 3, 2013,(31) the House convened at 11:00 
a.m., approved the Journal, recessed until 11:55 a.m., and then 
adjourned sine die as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 158 Cong. Rec. H7587, H7588, H7589 [Daily Ed.], 112th Cong. 2d 
        Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                  THE JOURNAL

        The SPEAKER.(32) The Chair has examined the Journal 
    of the last day's proceedings and announces to the House his 
    approval thereof. Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Journal stands 
    approved.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 11 a.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker. . . .                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER. Pursuant to clause 12(a) of rule I, the Chair 
    declares the House in recess subject to the call of the Chair.
        Accordingly (at 11 o'clock and 3 minutes a.m.), the House stood 
    in recess.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. [Robert] Dold [of Illinois]) at 11 o'clock 
    and 55 minutes a.m. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                            SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution of the United States, the Chair declares the 112th 
    Congress adjourned sine die.
        Thereupon (at 11 o'clock and 56 minutes a.m.), the House 
    adjourned.

Pro Forma Sessions

Sec. 2.7 The House by unanimous consent vacated a previous order 
    providing that the House meet in pro forma sessions on certain days 
    for the remainder of the session until otherwise ordered by the 
    House, and instead agreed to meet on the following day.

    On November 2, 1977,(33) the House agreed to the 
following unanimous-consent request regarding meeting dates for the 
remainder of the session:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. 123 Cong. Rec. 36659, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PERMISSION FOR THE HOUSE TO MEET ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS UNTIL 
                                 FURTHER ORDER

        Mr. [James] WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that from and after November 4, 1977, during the remainder 
    of this session, the House shall meet only on Tuesdays and Fridays 
    of each week until the further order of the House.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas?
        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Reserving the right to 
    object, from the date that the gentleman uses, does he contemplate 
    a session this Friday?
        Mr. WRIGHT. If the gentleman will yield, there will be a pro 
    forma session the day after tomorrow.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas?
        There was no objection.

    However, on November 29, 1977,(34) the House agreed by 
unanimous consent to vacate the previous order so that the House could 
meet the next day (a Wednesday):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 123 Cong. Rec. 38003, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          VACATING ORDER OF THE HOUSE OF WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1977, 
          PROVIDING FOR THE HOUSE TO MEET ONLY ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the order of the House of Wednesday, 
    November 2, 1977, providing for the House to meet only on Tuesdays 
    and Fridays, be vacated and that when the House adjourns today, it 
    adjourn to meet at noon on Wednesday, November 30, 1977. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(35) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Washington?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.

Sec. 2.8 Pursuant to a concurrent resolution agreed to in the first 
    session of the 102d Congress, the Speaker announced on January 3, 
    1992, that no organizational or legislative business would be 
    conducted in the House until January 22, 1992 (unless the two 
    Houses were recalled by the joint leaderships).

    On January 3, 1992,(36) the House convened to begin the 
second session of the 102d Congress, but, pursuant to a previously-
adopted concurrent resolution, organizational business was postponed 
and the House conducted a pro forma session only:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 138 Cong. Rec. 2, 9, 25, 102d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the date fixed by the 20th amendment of the 
    Constitution of the United States for the annual meeting of the 
    Congress of the United States, the Members of the 102d Congress met 
    in their Hall and, at 12 noon, were called to order by the Speaker 
    of the House of Representatives, Hon. Thomas S. Foley.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        At the beginning of this new day, we are grateful as 
    individuals and as a nation, O God, for all the blessings we have 
    been given. As we anticipate the opportunities and difficulties 
    that are . . .                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(37) Pursuant to the provisions of House 
    Concurrent Resolution 260, 102d Congress, the House shall conduct 
    no organizational or legislative business until January 22, 1992, 
    or until the House is notified of legislative business pursuant to 
    section 3 of that concurrent resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Thomas Foley (WA).                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. 
    [Gillespie V. (Sonny)] Montgomery) please come forward and lead the 
    House in the Pledge of Allegiance.
        Mr. MONTGOMERY led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for 
    all.                          -------------------

                   A PROPOSAL TO REINVIGORATE THE ECONOMY    

        (Mr. [Bill] RICHARDSON [of New Mexico] asked and was given 
    permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and 
    extend his remarks and include extraneous matter.) . . .

                 FROM CAPE HOPE TO CAPE FEAR AND BACK AGAIN    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, 
    the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Gephardt] is recognized for 60 
    minutes.
        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, when the 
    House last met, shortly before Thanksgiving, the President was 
    unable to settle on a plan for ending the recession. There was 
    confusion over whether he wanted the Congress to stay in session 
    during December, or to wait for his economic proposals in the State 
    of the Union Address.
        Members of the White House staff and the Cabinet communicated 
    directly to our leadership that the President would not be 
    submitting a recovery plan in December, and that he wanted Congress 
    to go into recess. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                 ADJOURNMENT TO WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 22, 1992    

        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Madam Speaker, I move 
    that the House do now adjourn.
        The motion was agreed to.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the provisions of House 
    Concurrent Resolution 260 of the 102d Congress, the House stands 
    adjourned until 12 noon Wednesday, January 22, 1992.
        Thereupon (at 2 o'clock and 50 minutes p.m.), pursuant to House 
    Concurrent Resolution 260, the House adjourned until Wednesday, 
    January 22, 1992, at 12 noon.

Sec. 2.9 The House agreed to a privileged resolution reported by the 
    Committee on Rules authorizing the Speaker to declare the House in 
    recesses subject to calls of the Chair during three discrete 
    periods, each consistent with the constitutional constraint that 
    neither House recess or adjourn for more than three days without 
    the consent of the other House.

    On December 21, 1995,(38) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. 141 Cong. Rec. 38141, 38149, 38150, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE SPEAKER TO DECLARE RECESSES SUBJECT 
           TO THE CALL OF THE CHAIR FROM DECEMBER 23, 1995, THROUGH 
                               DECEMBER 27, 1995

        Ms. [Deborah] PRYCE [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 320 and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 320

  Resolved, That the Speaker may declare recesses subject to the call of 
the Chair on the calendar days of Saturday, December 23, 1995, through 
Wednesday, December 27, 1995. A recess declared pursuant to this resolution 
may not extend beyond the calendar day of Wednesday, December 27, 1995.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(39) The gentlewoman from 
    Ohio [Ms. Pryce] is recognized for 1 hour.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. William Barrett (NE).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, for purposes of debate only, I yield 
    the customary 30 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. 
    Moakley], the distinguished ranking member of the Committee on 
    Rules, pending which I yield myself such time as I may consume.
        During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is 
    for the purpose of debate only.
        Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 320 is a simple, straightforward 
    resolution that allows the Speaker of the House to declare recesses 
    subject to the call of the Chair on the calendar days of Saturday, 
    December 23, 1995, through Wednesday, December 27, 1995. The 
    resolution further provides that any such recess may not extend 
    beyond the calendar day of Wednesday, December 27, 1995. . . .
        Mr. [John] MOAKLEY [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 
    myself such time as I may consume.
        Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on the 
    previous question. If the previous question is defeated, I will 
    offer an amendment so that this House does not recess until we 
    adopt a clean continuing resolution keeping the Government running 
    until January 26.
        I include for the Record my proposed amendment.

                Previous Question Amendment to Recess Resolution

        At the end of the resolution, add the following:

  ``Sec.   . Immediately upon the adoption of this resolution the House 
shall without intervention of any point of order consider in the House the 
joint resolution (H.J. Res. 131) making further continuing appropriations 
for the fiscal year 1996, and for other purposes. The joint resolution 
shall be debatable for one hour equally divided and controlled by the 
chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Appropriations. 
The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the joint 
resolution to final passage without intervening motion except one motion to 
recommit with or without instructions.

  Sec.  . The recess authority provided in the previous sections of this 
resolution shall be effective only on or after the date on which H.J. Res. 
131 is presented to the President for approval.''

        Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, and I yield 
    back the balance of my time.
        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
        Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 320 was reported by the Committee 
    on Rules last night by voice vote authorizing the Speaker to 
    declare recesses subject to the call of the Chair.
        The amendment I will offer would authorize the Speaker to 
    declare recesses subject to the call of the Chair on calendar day 
    Thursday, December 28, through Saturday, December 30.
        The amendment would further provide that after the House has 
    been in session on calendar day Saturday, December 30, the Speaker 
    may declare recesses subject to the call of the Chair on calendar 
    day Saturday, December 30, through Wednesday, January 3.
        Mr. Speaker, the Speaker needs this authority to keep the House 
    in recess next week subject to the call of the Chair, pending the 
    ongoing negotiations over the budget.
        Members should be aware that the House will not be adjourned, 
    but rather in recess on standby, should budget negotiations prove 
    successful.

                         amendment offered by ms. pryce

        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I offer an amendment authorized by the 
    Committee on Rules.
        The Clerk read as follows:

  Amendment offered by Ms. Pryce of Ohio: Strike all after the Resolved 
clause and insert:

  That the Speaker may declare recesses subject to the call of the Chair on 
the calendar days of Saturday, December 23, 1995, through Wednesday, 
December 27, 1995.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker may declare recesses subject to the call of the Chair 
on the calendar days of Thursday, December 28, 1995, through Saturday, 
December 30, 1995.

  Sec. 3. After the House has been in session on the calendar day of 
Saturday, December 30, 1995, the Speaker may declare recesses subject to 
the call of the Chair on the calendar days of Saturday, December 30, 1995, 
through Wednesday, January 3, 1996.

  Sec. 4.(a) A recess declared pursuant to the first section of this 
resolution may not extend beyond the calendar day of Wednesday, December 
27, 1995.

  (b) A recess declared pursuant to section 2 of this resolution may not 
extend beyond the calendar day of Saturday, December 30, 1995.

  (c) A recess declared pursuant to section 3 of this resolution may not 
extend beyond 11:55 a.m. on the calendar day of Wednesday, January 3, 1996.

        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, I 
    yield back the balance of my time, and I move the previous question 
    on the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on ordering the 
    previous question.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.
        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I object to the vote on the ground that 
    a quorum is not present and make the point of order that a quorum 
    is not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    228, nays 179, not voting 26, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 878] . . .

        So the previous question was ordered.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Barrett of Nebraska). The question 
    is on the amendment offered by the gentlewoman from Ohio [Ms. 
    Pryce].
        The amendment was agreed to.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution, as 
    amended.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.

                                 recorded vote

        Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    224, noes 186, not voting 24, as follows:

                                 [Roll No. 879]

Sec. 2.10 The House agreed to a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules authorizing for a pro forma 
    session to begin the second session of the Congress by providing 
    that no organizational or legislative business be conducted on the 
    first day of such session.

    On December 16, 2005,(40) the House adopted a resolution 
providing, inter alia, that no organizational or legislative business 
be conducted on the first day of the next session of Congress, as 
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. 151 Cong. Rec. 29054-55, 29061, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H. RES. 612, VICTORY IN IRAQ 
                                 RESOLUTION    

        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 619 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 619

  Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution it shall be in order 
without intervention of any point of order to consider in the House the 
resolution (H. Res. 612) expressing the commitment of the House of 
Representatives to achieving victory in Iraq. The resolution shall be 
considered as read. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on 
the resolution and preamble to final adoption without intervening motion or 
demand for division of the question except: (1) one hour of debate equally 
divided and controlled by the chairman and ranking minority member of the 
Committee on International Relations; and (2) one motion to recommit which 
may not contain instructions.

  Sec. 2. On the first legislative day of the second session of the One 
Hundred Ninth Congress, the House shall not conduct organizational or 
legislative business.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(41) The gentleman from 
    California (Mr. Dreier) is recognized for 1 hour.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. Lee Terry (NE).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, for the purpose of debate only, I 
    yield the customary 30 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts 
    (Mr. McGovern), pending which I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume. During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded 
    is for the purpose of debate only. . . .
        Mr. [James] McGOVERN [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 
    to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Doggett) for a unanimous consent 
    request.
        Mr. [Lloyd] DOGGETT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, given the stated 
    interest in democracy here in the House, I would ask unanimous 
    consent to amend the rule to permit for division of the question so 
    that we could express our unanimous support for the various 
    provisions of this resolution, except for that on which we have 
    disagreement as to the best way to achieve success in Iraq. At this 
    point, so that we can have the kind of democracy that occurred this 
    week in Iraq, of which the majority seems so proud, and actually 
    have it right here on the floor of the House, I ask unanimous 
    consent for a division of the question on the provisions of this 
    resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The majority manager of the resolution 
    has not yielded for the purpose of such a request.
        Mr. DOGGETT. Given his professed interest in democracy, I am 
    sure he will yield for that unanimous consent.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman from California 
    yield? The gentleman from California is indicating that he does not 
    yield for that purpose.

    On December 18, 2005,(42) the order of the House 
regarding pro forma sessions to begin the second session of the 108th 
Congress was expanded (by a subsequent special order of business 
resolution) to authorize the Speaker to dispense with organizational 
and legislative business on any day over a set period:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 151 Cong. Rec. 30378, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         WAIVING POINTS OF ORDER AGAINST CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 1932, 
                         DEFICIT REDUCTION ACT OF 2005

        Mr. [Adam] PUTNAM [of Florida], from the Committee on Rules, 
    submitted a privileged report (Rept. No. 109-363) on the resolution 
    (H. Res. 640) waiving points of order against the conference report 
    to accompany the Senate bill (S. 1932) to provide for 
    reconciliation pursuant to section 201(a) of the concurrent 
    resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2006, which was referred 
    to the House Calendar and ordered to be printed.
        Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on 
    Rules, I call up House Resolution 640 and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 640

  Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to 
consider the conference report to accompany the bill (S. 1932) to provide 
for reconciliation pursuant to section 201(a) of the concurrent resolution 
on the budget for fiscal year 2006. All points of order against the 
conference report and against its consideration are waived. The conference 
report shall be considered as read.

  Sec. 2. Section 2 of House Resolution 619 is amended to read as follows: 
``On any legislative day of the second session of the One Hundred Ninth 
Congress from January 3, 2006, through January 30, 2006, the Speaker may 
dispense with organizational and legislative business.''

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(43) The gentleman from 
    Florida (Mr. Putnam) is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Ray H. LaHood (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 2.11 The House agreed to a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules providing, inter alia, for an 
    August recess period by: (1) fixing the dates to which the House 
    would adjourn during a discrete period (to a time designated by the 
    Speaker in declaring the adjournment) as the third 
    constitutionally-permitted day hence; (2) providing for pro forma 
    sessions at which the Chair would be authorized to dispense with 
    legislative business; (3) providing for automatic approval of the 
    Journal for each pro forma session; (4) providing for automatic 
    adjournment after the third order of business on each pro forma day 
    (without motion or unanimous consent); and (5) authorizing the 
    Speaker, in his discretion, to conduct legislative business on any 
    day during the recess period should circumstances warrant.

    On July 28, 2011,(44) the House adopted the following 
resolution:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. 157 Cong. Rec. 12338, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF S. 627, BUDGET CONTROL ACT OF 
                                    2011    

        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 375 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 375

   Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution it shall be in order 
to consider in the House the bill (S. 627) to establish the Commission on 
Freedom of Information Act Processing Delays. All points of order against 
consideration of the bill are waived. The amendment in the nature of a 
substitute printed in part A of the report of the Committee on Rules 
accompanying this resolution, modified by the amendments printed in part B 
of that report, shall be considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall 
be considered as read. All points of order against provisions in the bill, 
as amended, are waived. The previous question shall be considered as 
ordered on the bill, as amended, to final passage without intervening 
motion except: (1) two hours of debate, with one hour equally divided and 
controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on 
Rules, 30 minutes equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking 
minority member of the Committee on Ways and Means, and 30 minutes equally 
divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the 
Committee on the Budget; and (2) one motion to recommit with or without 
instructions.

  Sec. 2. (a) It shall be in order at any time through the calendar day of 
July 31, 2011, for the Speaker to entertain motions that the House suspend 
the rules if the legislative text that is the object of the motion was 
available to Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner on the 
legislative day before consideration, except that a motion described in 
subsection (b) may not be entertained until the third legislative day on 
which the legislative text that is the object of the motion is available to 
Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner.

  (b) If the Speaker entertains a motion to suspend the rules relating to a 
measure proposing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution under 
subsection (a) debate under clause 1(c) of rule XV shall be extended to two 
hours.

  Sec. 3. When the House adjourns by operation of section 4 of this 
resolution on any legislative day during the period from August 1, 2011, 
through September 6, 2011, it shall stand adjourned until the third 
constitutional day thereafter at a time to be announced by the Speaker in 
declaring the adjournment (except that when the House adjourns on September 
6, 2011, it shall stand adjourned until 2 p.m. on September 7, 2011).

  Sec. 4. On each legislative day during the period addressed by section 3 
of this resolution:

  (a) the Speaker may dispense with legislative business, in which case the 
House shall stand adjourned pursuant to section 3 of this resolution after 
the third daily order of business under clause 1 of rule XIV; and

  (b) if the Speaker does not dispense with legislative business, the 
Speaker may at any time declare the House adjourned pursuant to section 3 
of this resolution.

  Sec. 5. On each legislative day during the period addressed by section 3 
of this resolution (except a day before August 8, 2011, on which the 
Speaker does not dispense with legislative business pursuant to section 4), 
the Journal of the proceedings of the previous day shall be considered as 
approved.

  Sec. 6. Each day during the period addressed by section 3 of this 
resolution shall not constitute a calendar day for purposes of section 7 of 
the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1546).

  Sec. 7. Bills and resolutions introduced during the period addressed by 
section 3 of this resolution shall be numbered, included in the 
Congressional Record, and printed with the date of introduction, but may be 
referred by the Speaker at a later time.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(45) The gentleman from 
    California is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. Daniel Webster (FL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The previous question was ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, on that I 
    demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were-yeas 
    238, nays 186, not voting 8, as follows: . . .

Sec. 2.12 The House agreed to a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules providing, inter alia, for two 
    discrete periods of adjournment spanning the first and second 
    sessions of the 112th Congress by: (1) authorizing the Speaker to 
    fix the date (and time) to which the House would adjourn during 
    such periods within the three-day limit imposed by the 
    Constitution; (2) providing for pro forma sessions at which the 
    Chair would be authorized to dispense with legislative business; 
    and (3) providing for automatic approval of the Journal for each 
    pro forma session.

    On December 14, 2011,(46) the House adopted the 
following resolution:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. 157 Cong. Rec. 20039, 20040, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 1540, NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 
                          ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2012    

        Mr. [Robert] BISHOP of Utah. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 493 and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 493

   Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to 
consider the conference report to accompany the bill (H.R. 1540) to 
authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2012 for military activities of 
the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense 
activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel 
strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. All points of order 
against the conference report and against its consideration are waived. The 
conference report shall be considered as read. The previous question shall 
be considered as ordered on the conference report to its adoption without 
intervening motion except: (1) one hour of debate; and (2) one motion to 
recommit if applicable.

  Sec. 2. It shall be in order at any time through the remainder of the 
first session of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress for the Speaker to 
entertain motions that the House suspend the rules, as though under clause 
1(c) of rule XV, if the text of the measure proposed in a motion is made 
available to Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner (including 
pursuant to clause 3 of rule XXIX) on the calendar day before 
consideration.

  Sec. 3. On any legislative day of the first session of the One Hundred 
Twelfth Congress after December 16, 2011--

  (a) the Journal of the proceedings of the previous day shall be 
considered as approved;

  (b) the Chair may at any time declare the House adjourned to meet at a 
date and time, within the limits of clause 4, section 5, article I of the 
Constitution, to be announced by the Chair in declaring the adjournment; 
and

  (c) bills and resolutions introduced during the period addressed by this 
section shall be numbered, listed in the Congressional Record, and when 
printed shall bear the date of introduction, but may be referred by the 
Speaker at a later time.

  Sec. 4. On any legislative day of the second session of the One Hundred 
Twelfth Congress before January 17, 2012--

  (a) the Speaker may dispense with organizational and legislative 
business;

  (b) the Journal of the proceedings of the previous day shall be 
considered as approved if applicable; and

  (c) the Chair at any time may declare the House adjourned to meet at a 
date and time, within the limits of clause 4, section 5, article I of the 
Constitution, to be announced by the Chair in declaring the adjournment.

  Sec. 5. The Speaker may appoint Members to perform the duties of the 
Chair for the duration of the period addressed by sections 3 and 4 as 
though under clause 8(a) of rule I.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Kevin] Yoder [of Kansas]). The 
    gentleman from Utah is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
        Mr. BISHOP of Utah. Mr. Speaker, this resolution provides a 
    standard conference report rule and other end-of-the-year 
    housekeeping provisions.



                      B. Meeting and Organization



Sec. 3. Clerk as Presiding Officer

    When a new Congress first convenes, the House does not yet have 
officers (including a Speaker), who must first be elected by the 
membership of the House. By statute as well as tradition, the Clerk of 
the House from the prior Congress presides over the House at the 
organization of a first session. At a second session, the officers of 
the House are already in place, and the House is called to order by the 
Speaker or a Speaker pro tempore.
    In the absence of the Clerk on opening day of a new Congress, other 
officers preside over the House at organization.(1) If the 
Clerk is absent, the Sergeant-at-Arms from the prior Congress presides, 
and such officer has done so on several occasions.(2) Under 
a prior form of the statute, in the absence of both the Clerk and the 
Sergeant-at-Arms, the Doorkeeper of the House would 
preside.(3) However, the position of Doorkeeper was 
abolished in the 104th Congress(4) in 1995 and the statute 
amended to remove the reference to that officer.(5) A Clerk 
from a prior Congress who was not elected, but instead appointed by the 
Speaker(6) to temporarily fill a vacancy in the office of 
Clerk, has presided over organization of the House at the next 
Congress.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 26.
 2. For instances of the Sergeant-at-Arms presiding on opening day, see 
        127 Cong. Rec. 93-96, 97th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 1981) and 
        129 Cong. Rec. 29-33, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1983).
 3. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.2.
 4. For more on the former position of Doorkeeper of the House, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. 20 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 6.
 5. P.L. 104-186, 110 Stat. 1718.
 6. Parliamentarian's Note: An appointed Clerk is treated the same as 
        an elected Clerk, and exercises all of the authorities of that 
        office until a new Clerk is elected. By contrast, a Clerk pro 
        tempore, designated under clause 2(g) of rule II (House Rules 
        and Manual Sec. 651 (2017)) may only exercise certain limited 
        authorities, and may not exercise any authorities provided by 
        statute. Such an individual would therefore be precluded from 
        presiding over the House at organization.
 7. See 145 Cong. Rec. 42-45, 106th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 1999).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In modern times, only two Speakers have resigned the speakership 
during a session of Congress.(8) In both instances, the 
Speaker tendered his resignation to become effective upon election of a 
successor, and in both instances, the resigning Speaker presided over 
the election of his successor.(9) Under former practice, 
when a Speaker died in office, the Clerk would preside on the next 
legislative day and the House would move immediately to the election of 
a new Speaker.(10) However, in the 108th Congress, the House 
amended clause 8(b) of rule I(11) to require the Speaker to 
provide to the Clerk a list of Members to serve as Speaker pro tempore 
in the case of death or incapacity of the Speaker. Although the need to 
use this authority has not yet arisen, were a Speaker to die or become 
incapacitated during his or her term of office, a designated Speaker 
pro tempore, pursuant to this rule, would preside over the election of 
a new Speaker.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. Speaker James Wright of Texas resigned on June 6, 1989. See 
        Sec. 4.6, infra. Speaker John Boehner of Ohio resigned on 
        October 29, 2015. 161 Cong. Rec. H7336-40 [Daily Ed.], 114th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
 9. For more on officers of the House generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 6 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. For the 
        resignation of Speakers of the House, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 37 Sec. 9.1 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 37.
10. The last Speaker to die in office was Speaker Sam Rayburn of Texas 
        in the 87th Congress (1961). See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. Sec. 6.6, 6.8.
11. House Rules and Manual Sec. 632 (2017). For the first announcement 
        regarding the delivery of this letter to the Clerk of the 
        House, see 149 Cong. Rec. 6118, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 13, 
        2003). An announcement is also made when the Speaker makes 
        changes to the list of Members to be designated as Speaker pro 
        tempore and delivers a new letter to the Clerk. See 151 Cong. 
        Rec. 28767, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 15, 2005) and 160 Cong. 
        Rec. H7177 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess. (July 31, 2014).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When the Clerk presides on opening day, such individual performs 
the traditional functions of the presiding officer of the House, which 
include ruling on points of order(12) and answering 
parliamentary inquiries from Members-elect.(13) Unanimous-
consent requests, usually related to the pending organizational 
business, may be entertained by the Clerk.(14) The Clerk may 
also make announcements to the body as to pertinent events, such as the 
death of a Member-elect.(15) On one occasion, the Clerk (who 
was not expected to be renominated for that position in the new 
Congress) gave brief farewell remarks to the body.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. See Sec. 3.4, infra.
13. See Sec. 3.5, infra.
14. See Sec. 3.6, infra.
15. See Sec. 3.7, infra. See also 125 Cong. Rec. 4, 96th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Jan. 15, 1979) and 135 Cong. Rec. 67, 101st Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Jan. 3, 1989).
16. See Sec. 3.8, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Clerk's primary function on opening day of a new Congress is to 
preside over the initial quorum call of Members-elect and the election 
of Speaker.(17) Prior to convening the House on opening day, 
the Clerk receives certificates of election from state officials and 
prepares the Clerk's roll of Members-elect.(18) This roll 
serves as evidence that the named individuals have been duly elected to 
the House and are thus entitled to take the oath of office. The quorum 
call of Members-elect establishes the presence of such individuals in 
the Chamber and that a quorum is present to conduct business (as 
required by the Constitution).(19) Beginning with the 97th 
Congress, the electronic voting system has been used for the initial 
quorum call of Members-elect.(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Parliamentarian's Note: Prior to the initial quorum call, the only 
        preliminary activity traditionally undertaken by the House is 
        the prayer offered by the returning Chaplain of the House and 
        (as of the 101st Congress in 1989) a recitation of the pledge 
        of allegiance.
18. For more on the Clerk's roll of Members-elect, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 2 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 2. See also 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. For more on certificates of 
        election, generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 8 
        Sec. Sec. 15-17.
19. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5; House Rules and Manual Sec. 52 (2017).
20. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 97th Congress, the use of the 
        electronic voting system for the initial quorum call by states 
        was authorized by unanimous consent. 127 Cong. Rec. 93, 97th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 1981). Beginning in the 110th 
        Congress, unanimous consent was no longer required, as use of 
        the electronic voting system prior to the adoption of standing 
        rules was considered authorized under general parliamentary 
        law. 153 Cong. Rec. 1-3, 110th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 4, 2007). 
        For more on general parliamentary law, see Sec. 6, infra; 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 8; and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Clerk Presiding at Organization

Sec. 3.1 At the beginning of a new Congress, the Clerk from the 
    previous Congress serves as interim presiding officer and, after 
    calling the House to order, takes the following organizational 
    steps: calls on the returning Chaplain for a prayer; leads a 
    recitation of the pledge of allegiance; announces the receipt of 
    credentials of Members-elect; causes a quorum to be established by 
    states by electronic device; announces the filing of credentials of 
    Delegates-elect (and the Resident Commissioner-elect for a four 
    year term); announces the establishment of a quorum; and makes 
    announcements regarding events occurring during sine die 
    adjournment.

    On January 3, 2013,(21) the House convened for the first 
session of the 113th Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 159 Cong. Rec. H1-H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For an 
        earlier example of the Clerk presiding at organization, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution of the United States, for the meeting of the 113th 
    Congress of the United States, the Representatives-elect met in 
    their Hall, and at noon were called to order by the Clerk of the 
    House of Representatives, Hon. Karen L. Haas.
        The Chaplain, the Reverend Patrick J. Conroy, offered the 
    following prayer:
        Loving God, we give You thanks for giving us another day.
        We gather on this most significant day, when once again we 
    celebrate the peaceful transition of democratic government. Though 
    many return from the 112th Congress, this people's House is a new 
    legislative assembly.
        May the service of all the Members here gathered give You 
    glory, and acquit well the charge entrusted to them by their fellow 
    citizens.
        Give each Member an abundance of wisdom, knowledge, and 
    understanding, that they might know best how to proceed in the work 
    they have to do, as well as the courage to act once they have 
    discerned where Your Spirit might lead them.
        And may all that is done this day, and all the days of the 
    113th Congress, be for Your greater honor and glory.
        Amen.

                              pledge of allegiance

        The CLERK.(22) The Representatives-elect and their 
    guests will please remain standing and join in the Pledge of 
    Allegiance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Karen Haas.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

        The CLERK. As directed by law, the Clerk of the House has 
    prepared the official roll of the Representatives-elect.
        Certificates of election covering 435 seats in the 113th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accord with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        The Representatives-elect will record their presence by 
    electronic device and their names will be reported in alphabetical 
    order by State, beginning with the State of Alabama, to determine 
    whether a quorum is present.
        Representatives-elect will have a minimum of 15 minutes to 
    record their presence by electronic device.
        Representatives-elect who have not obtained their voting ID 
    cards may do so now in the Speaker's lobby.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Representatives-elect responded to their names:

                               [Roll No. 1] . . .

        The CLERK. Four hundred twenty-nine Representatives-elect have 
    recorded their presence. A quorum is 
    present.                          -------------------

                         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CLERK    

        The CLERK. Credentials, regular in form, have been received 
    showing the election of:
        The Honorable Pedro R. Pierluisi as Resident Commissioner from 
    the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico for a term of 4 years beginning 
    January 3, 2013;
        The Honorable Eleanor Holmes Norton as Delegate from the 
    District of Columbia;
        The Honorable Madeleine Z. Bordallo as Delegate from Guam;
        The Honorable Donna M. Christensen as Delegate from the Virgin 
    Islands;
        The Honorable Eni F. H. Faleomavaega as Delegate from American 
    Samoa; and
        The Honorable Gregorio Sablan as Delegate from the Commonwealth 
    of the Northern Mariana Islands.
        The Clerk is in receipt of letters from the Honorable Jesse L. 
    Jackson, Jr., of Illinois and the Honorable Tim Scott of South 
    Carolina indicating that they will not serve in the House in the 
    113th Congress. Without objection, the letters will be placed in 
    the Record.

                                                December 13, 2012.

        Dear Madam Clerk, I am aware that you have received a 
    certificate for my election as Representative of the Second 
    Congressional District of the State of Illinois in the 113th 
    Congress. This letter serves to notify you that I do not intend to 
    serve in the 113th Congress.

            Sincerely,
                                                Jesse Jackson, Jr.



                                U.S. House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, December 30, 2012.
  Hon. John Boehner,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Speaker Boehner, I am writing to inform you that I have 
    notified the Governor of South Carolina of my resignation from the 
    U.S. House of Representatives effective January 2, 2013. A copy of 
    that letter is attached. I do not intend to take the office of 
    Representative for the First Congressional District of South 
    Carolina in the 113th Congress.
        It has truly been an honor to serve the First District of South 
    Carolina, and I look forward to continuing that service in my new 
    role as United States Senator. I have enjoyed working with you, 
    Majority Leader Cantor, and all of our colleagues in the House, and 
    wish you the best of luck in the future.

            Sincerely,
                                                    Tim Scott,    
                                               Member of Congress.

Sec. 3.2 Pursuant to clause 8(b)(3)(B) of rule I,(23) the 
    Speaker deposits with the Clerk a letter designating certain 
    Members to act as Speaker pro tempore in the case that the Speaker 
    is unable to perform the duties of the office, and the House is 
    informed that the requisite letter has been delivered to the 
    Clerk.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. House Rules and Manual Sec. 632 (2017).
24. For an announcement that such letter had been revised later in the 
        same Congress, see 160 Cong. Rec. H7177 [Daily Ed.], 113th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (July 31, 2014).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 3, 2013,(25) the Chair laid before the House 
a communication as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 159 Cong. Rec. H27 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                RECALL DESIGNEE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker of the House of Representatives:

                                       The Speaker's Rooms        
                                      House of Representatives    
                                  Washington, DC, January 3, 2013.
  Hon. Karen L. Haas,
  Clerk of the House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Clerk: Pursuant to House Concurrent Resolution 1, 
    and also for purposes of such concurrent resolutions of the current 
    Congress as may contemplate my designation of Members to act in 
    similar circumstances, I hereby designate Representative Eric 
    Cantor of Virginia to act jointly with the Majority Leader of the 
    Senate or his designee, in the event of my death or inability, to 
    notify the Members of the House and the Senate, respectively, of 
    any reassembly under any such concurrent resolution. In the event 
    of the death or inability of that designee, the alternate Members 
    of the House listed in the letter bearing this date that I have 
    placed with the Clerk are designated, in turn, for the same 
    purposes.

            Sincerely,
                                              John A. Boehner,    
                                                          Speaker.

Others Presiding in the Absence of Clerk

Sec. 3.3 Pursuant to statute,(26) when the Clerk of the 
    preceding Congress is unable to preside over the House on opening 
    day of a new Congress,(27) the Sergeant-at-Arms performs 
    this function and takes all necessary organizational steps that 
    would otherwise be performed by the Clerk.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 26.
27. Parliamentarian's Note: The Clerk of the House for the 97th 
        Congress, Edmund Henshaw, had suffered a stroke during his term 
        of office in the 96th Congress and had been incapacitated to 
        the extent that he was not able to fully perform all of his 
        duties as Clerk. Thus, the Sergeant-at-Arms for the 96th 
        Congress presided over the organization of the House at the 
        commencement of both the 97th and 98th Congresses. See 127 
        Cong. Rec. 93-96, 97th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 1981).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 3, 1983,(28) the Sergeant-at-Arms served as 
interim presiding officer in the absence of the Clerk, and presided 
over the organization of the House as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 129 Cong. Rec. 29-33, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. For a similar instance 
        of the Sergeant-at-Arms presiding at the opening of a Congress, 
        see 127 Cong. Rec. 93-96, 97th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 1981). 
        For an earlier example of the Doorkeeper of the House (a 
        position since abolished) presiding at organization, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment of the 
    Constitution of the United States for the annual meeting of the 
    Congress of the United States, the Members-elect of the 98th 
    Congress met in their Hall, and, at 12 o'clock noon, were called to 
    order by the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, Hon. 
    Benjamin J. Guthrie.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        Gracious God, we implore Your blessing upon this assembly and 
    upon all for whom the authority of government is given. We pray 
    that Your spirit of reconciliation and peace, of good will and 
    understanding will prevail in our hearts and in our lives. 
    Encourage us, O God, to use our abilities and talents in ways that 
    bring righteousness to this Nation and to all the people. Ever 
    remind us of the needs of the poor, the homeless or forgotten, 
    those who live without freedom or liberty, that we will be 
    instruments of justice for all citizens and ease the hurt of every 
    person. May Your spirit live with us each day and may Your grace 
    surround us and those we love that in all things we may be the 
    people You would have us be and serve this Nation as we ought to 
    serve. In Your name, we pray. Amen.
        The Sergeant at Arms.(29) Representatives-elect to 
    the 98th Congress, this being the day fixed by the 20th amendment 
    of the Constitution for the meeting of the 98th Congress, the Clerk 
    of the 97th Congress has prepared the official roll of the 
    Representatives-elect. Pursuant to 2 U.S.C. Sec. 26, the Sergeant 
    at Arms of the 97th Congress will make the following announcement:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Benjamin Guthrie.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Certificates of election covering the 435 seats in the 98th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House of 
    Representatives, and the names of those persons whose credentials 
    show that they were regularly elected as Representatives in 
    accordance with the laws of their respective States and of the 
    United States will be called.
        Without objection, the Representatives-elect will record their 
    presence by electronic device, and their names will be reported in 
    alphabetical order by States, beginning with the State of Alabama, 
    to determine whether a quorum is present.
        There was no objection.
        The Sergeant at Arms. The Chair would like to state that any 
    Member-elect who has not received his or her voting card may do so 
    now in the Speaker's lobby.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Representatives-elect responded to their names: . . .
        The Sergeant at Arms. The quorum call discloses that 416 
    Representatives-elect have answered to their names. A quorum is 
    present.                          -------------------

                   ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE SERGEANT AT ARMS    

        The Sergeant at Arms. The Sergeant at Arms will state that the 
    credentials are on file showing the election of the Honorable 
    Baltasar Corrada as Resident Commissioner from the Commonwealth of 
    Puerto Rico for a term of 4 years beginning January 3, 1981; the 
    election of the Honorable Walter E. Fauntroy as Delegate from the 
    District of Columbia; the election of the Honorable Antonio Borja 
    Won Pat as Delegate from Guam; the election of the Honorable Ron de 
    Lugo as Delegate from the Virgin Islands; and the election of the 
    Honorable FoFo I. F. Sunia, as Delegate from American Samoa.
        The Sergeant at Arms regrets to announce the death of the 
    Honorable Jack Swigert on December 27, 1982, a Member-elect from 
    the 6th District of 
    Colorado.                          -------------------

                            ELECTION OF SPEAKER    

        The Sergeant at Arms. The next order of business is the 
    election of the Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 
    98th Congress.
        Nominiations are now in order.
        The Sergeant at Arms recognizes the gentleman from Louisiana 
    (Mr. Long).
        Mr. [Gillis] LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Sergeant at Arms, as 
    chairman of the Democratic Caucus, I am directed by the unanimous 
    vote of that caucus to present for election to the office of the 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives of the 98th Congress the 
    name of the Honorable Thomas O'Neill, Jr., a Representative-elect 
    from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
        The Sergeant at Arms. The Chair now recognizes the gentleman 
    from New York (Mr. Kemp).
        Mr. [Jack] KEMP [of New York]. Mr. Sergeant at Arms, as 
    chairman of the Republican Conference and by the authority and 
    direction and unanimous vote of the Republican Conference, it is my 
    honor to nominate for Speaker of the House of Representatives the 
    Honorable Robert H. Michel, a Representative-elect from the State 
    of Illinois to the 98th Congress.
        The Sergeant at Arms. The Honorable Thomas O'Neill, Jr., a 
    Representative-elect from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the 
    Honorable Robert H. Michel, a Representative-elect from the State 
    of Illinois, have been placed in nomination.
        Are there any further nominations?
        There being no further nominations, the Sergeant at Arms will 
    appoint tellers.
        The Sergeant at Arms appoints the gentleman from California 
    (Mr. Hawkins), the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Frenzel), the 
    gentlewoman from Colorado (Mrs. Schroeder), and the gentlewoman 
    from Maryland (Mrs. Holt).
        The tellers will come forward and take their seats at the desk 
    in front of the Speaker's rostrum.
        The roll will now be called, and those responding to their 
    names will indicate by surname the nominee of their choice.
        The reading clerk will now call the roll.
        The tellers having taken their places, the House proceeded to 
    vote for the Speaker.
        The following is the result of the vote: . . .
        The Sergeant at Arms. The tellers agree in their tallies that 
    the total number of votes cast is 417, of which the Honorable 
    Thomas O'Neill, Jr., of Massachusetts, has received 260, and the 
    Honorable Robert H. Michel, of Illinois, has received 155, with 2 
    voting ``present.''
        Therefore, the Honorable Thomas O'Neill Jr., of Massachusetts, 
    is duly elected Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 
    98th Congress, having received a majority of the votes cast. . . .
        Mr. O'NEILL. I ask that the dean of the House, the Honorable 
    Jamie L. Whitten of Mississippi, administer the oath of office.
        Mr. [Jamie] WHITTEN [of Mississippi] then administered the oath 
    of office to Mr. O'Neill, of Massachusetts.
        [Applause, the Members rising.]

Points of Order and Parliamentary Inquiries

Sec. 3.4 When the Clerk of the House presides over organization on 
    opening day of a new Congress, the Clerk may rule on points of 
    order regarding the priority of business, such points of order may 
    be appealed, and any such appeal is subject to the motion to lay on 
    the table.

    On January 7, 1997,(30) the Clerk presided at 
organization of the 105th Congress, and was called upon to rule on a 
point of order regarding the priority of a resolution raised as a 
question of the privileges of the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 143 Cong. Rec. 114-20, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment of the 
    Constitution of the United States, and Public Law 104-296 for the 
    meeting of the Congress of the United States, the Members-elect of 
    the 105th Congress met in their Hall, and at 12 noon were called to 
    order by the Clerk of the House of Representatives, Hon. Robin H. 
    Carle.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        Oh, gracious God, from whom we have come and to whom we belong, 
    we offer this prayer of thanksgiving and gratitude for all the 
    blessings You have freely bestowed on us and the people of this 
    Nation, and also for the responsibilities that You have entrusted 
    to those who serve in this place.
        On this first day of a new Congress, we speak with the words of 
    the Psalmist: Oh, give thanks to the Lord for He is good, for His 
    steadfast love endures forever. Grant us, oh God, a keen awareness 
    of the areas of life where we can serve the people of the land, 
    and, as the scripture says, let justice flow down as waters and 
    righteousness like an ever flowing stream.
        May we continue to build on the foundations laid down from the 
    early days of the Nation, that in all things we may do Justice, 
    love mercy, and ever walk humbly with you.
        May Your benediction, oh God, that is new every morning and is 
    with us all the days of our lives, be upon all who serve in this 
    place now and evermore, 
    amen.                          -------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The CLERK.(31) The Members-elect and their guests 
    will please rise and join in the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. Robin H. Carle.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

        The CLERK. Representatives-elect, this is the day fixed by the 
    20th amendment to the Constitution and Public Law 104-296 for the 
    meeting of the 105th Congress and, as the law directs, the Clerk of 
    the House has prepared the official roll of the Representatives-
    elect.
        Certificates of election covering 435 seats in the 105th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose Credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accordance with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        Without objection, the Representatives-elect will record their 
    presence by electronic device and their names will be reported in 
    alphabetical order by States, beginning with the State of Alabama, 
    to determine whether a quorum is present.
        There was no objection.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Representatives-elect responded to their names:

                               [Roll No. 1] . . .

        The CLERK. The quorum call discloses that 432 Representatives-
    elect have responded to their name. A quorum is 
    present.                          -------------------

                         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CLERK    

        The CLERK. The Clerk will state that credentials, regular in 
    form, have been received showing the election of the Honorable 
    Carlos Romero-Barcelo as Resident Commissioner from the 
    commonwealth of Puerto Rico for a term of 4 years beginning January 
    3, 1997; the election of the Honorab1e Eleanor Holmes Norton as 
    Delegate from the District of Columbia; the election of the 
    Honorable Donna M. Christian-Green as Delegate from the Virgin 
    Islands; the election of the Honorable Eni F.H. Faleomavaega as 
    Delegate from American Samoa; and the election of the Honorable 
    Robert A. Underwood as Delegate from 
    Guam.                          -------------------

                            ELECTION OF SPEAKER    

        The CLERK. Pursuant to law and to precedent, the next order of 
    business is the election of the Speaker of the House of 
    Representatives for the 105th Congress.
        Nominations are now in order.
        The Clerk recognizes the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Boehner].
        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Madam Clerk, as chairman of the 
    Republican Conference, I am honored and privileged to welcome my 
    colleagues, their families, and the American people to this 
    historic day. . . .
        With pride in what we have accomplished in the past and 
    anticipation of what we can do together in the future, I am 
    directed by a unanimous vote of the Republican Conference to 
    present the name of the Honorable Newt Gingrich, a Representative-
    elect from the State of Georgia, for election to the office of 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 105th Congress.

            question of privilege offered by mr. fazio of california

        The CLERK. The Clerk now recognizes the gentleman from 
    California [Mr. FAZIO] for a nomination.
        Mr. [Victor] FAZIO of California. Madam Clerk, I rise to a 
    question of the highest constitutional privilege. I offer a 
    resolution which calls for the postponement of the election of the 
    Speaker of the House until the Committee on Standards of Official 
    Conduct completes its work on the matters concerning Representative 
    Newt Gingrich of Georgia. The resolution requires the House to 
    proceed immediately to the election of an interim Speaker who will 
    preside over the House until that time.
        I ask for the immediate consideration of the resolution.
        The CLERK. Section 30 of the Revised Statutes of the United 
    States, which is codified in section 25 of title 2, United States 
    Code, reads in part as follows:
        At the first session of Congress after every general election 
    of Representatives, the oath of office shall be administered by any 
    Member of the House of Representatives to the Speaker; and by the 
    Speaker to all Members and Delegates present, and to the Clerk, 
    previous to entering on any other business.
        This has been the law since June 1, 1789.
        The precedent recorded in Hinds' Precedents of the House at 
    volume 1, section 212, recites that, ``at the organization of the 
    House the motion to proceed to the election of a Speaker is of the 
    highest privilege.'' On that occasion, the Clerk stated that ``the 
    duty of the House to organize itself is a duty devolved upon it by 
    law, and any matter looking to the performance of that duty takes 
    precedence in all parliamentary bodies of all minor questions.''
        The Clerk cites both the statute and the precedent as 
    controlling her decision, consistent with the modern practice of 
    the House, to recognize nominations for Speaker.
        Mr. FAZIO of California. Madam Clerk, given the unprecedented 
    nature of the circumstance, I urge that the Clerk permit the 
    Representatives-elect a vote on the motion that I have submitted.
        The CLERK. Is the gentleman from California appealing the 
    ruling of the Clerk?
        Mr. [Vic] FAZIO of California. Madam Clerk, if the gentlewoman 
    does not permit a vote under the extraordinary circumstance we face 
    today, I would appeal the ruling of the Clerk.
        The CLERK. The gentleman may appeal from the Clerk's ruling on 
    the question of order as to the priority of business.
        The question is, Shall the decision of the Clerk stand as the 
    judgment of the House?
        Mr. BOEHNER. Madam Clerk, I move to lay the appeal on the 
    table.
        Mr. FAZIO of California. Madam Clerk, on that I demand the yeas 
    and nays on the motion to table made by the majority.
        The CLERK. The question is on the motion offered by the 
    gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Boehner] to lay the appeal on the table.
        The question was taken; and the Clerk announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. FAZIO of California. Madam Clerk, on that I demand the yeas 
    and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were_yeas 
    222, nays 210, not voting 0, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 2] . . .

        So the motion to table was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 3.5 When the Clerk of the House presides over organization on 
    opening day of a new Congress, the Clerk may respond to 
    parliamentary inquiries from Members-elect, such as those 
    addressing the inability of Delegates-elect to vote in the election 
    of Speaker.

    On January 6, 1999,(32) the Clerk presided over 
organization of the 106th Congress, and, during the election of 
Speaker, answered parliamentary inquiries regarding the voting status 
of Delegates-elect and the Resident Commissioner-elect:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 145 Cong. Rec. 41-43, 106th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 163 Cong. Rec. 
        H4 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            ELECTION OF SPEAKER    

        The Clerk.(33) Pursuant to law and to precedent, the 
    next order of business is the election of the Speaker of the House 
    of Representatives for the 106th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Jeff Trandahl.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Nominations are now in order.
        The Clerk recognizes the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Watts).
        Mr. [Julius Caesar (J.C.)] WATTS of Oklahoma. Mr. Clerk, 
    happily for our country and happily for you and me, Republicans and 
    Democrats, Dennis Hastert has answered his Nation's call. This 
    common man will bring his strong common sense, sharpened in the 
    school of adversity, to bear on the Speakership. He has many 
    qualities of another Congressman from Illinois, the Great 
    Emancipator, Abraham Lincoln, and he will not hesitate, he will not 
    doubt and he will not falter. We are grateful that he has resolved 
    at whatever peril, at whatever cost, the most wonderful Nation in 
    the world should be preserved.
        As Chairman of the Republican Conference, I am directed by the 
    unanimous vote of that conference to present for election to the 
    Office of the Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 106th 
    Congress, the name of the Honorable J. Dennis Hastert, a 
    Representative-elect from the State of Illinois.
        The Clerk. The Clerk recognizes the gentleman from Texas (Mr. 
    Frost).
        Mr. [Jonas Martin] FROST [of Texas]. Mr. Clerk, as Chairman of 
    the Democratic Caucus, I am directed by the unanimous vote of that 
    caucus to present for election to the Office of the Speaker of the 
    House of Representatives for the 106th Congress the name of one of 
    most articulate and thoughtful Members of this Congress, the 
    Honorable Richard A. Gephardt, a Representative-elect from the 
    State of Missouri.
        The Clerk. The Honorable J. Dennis Hastert, a Representative-
    elect from the State of Illinois, and the Honorable Richard A. 
    Gephardt, a Representative-elect from the State of Missouri, have 
    been placed in nomination.
        Are there further nominations?
        There being no further nominations, the Clerk will appoint 
    tellers.
        The Clerk appoints the gentleman from California (Mr. Thomas), 
    the gentleman from Connecticut (Mr. Gejdenson), the gentlewoman 
    from New Jersey (Mrs. Roukema), and the gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. 
    Kaptur).
        The tellers will come forward and take their seats at the desk 
    in front of the Speaker's rostrum.
        The roll will now be called, and those responding to their 
    names will indicate by surname the nominee of their choice.
        The reading clerk will now call the roll.
        The tellers having taken their places, the House proceeded to 
    vote for the Speaker.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Carlos A.] ROMERO-BARCELO [of Puerto Rico] (during the 
    vote). Have we been eliminated already? Have we been eliminated 
    from the voting procedure?
        The Clerk. Delegates and the Resident Commissioners are not 
    qualified to vote.
        Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO. We have always been qualified to vote.
        The Clerk. That is not the case.
        Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO. What is that?
        The Clerk. That is not the case.
        Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO. Yes. We voted the last time.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Patrick Joseph] KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. Clerk, would 
    the Clerk respond to a parliamentary inquiry?
        The Clerk. The gentleman will state his inquiry.
        Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. The parliamentary inquiry for the 
    Clerk is for the delegates who represent American citizens. Where 
    does that vote come today? Will they not be allowed to vote for 
    Speaker of this House? The Member from Puerto Rico represents 4 
    million American citizens.
        The Clerk. Representatives-elect are the only individuals 
    qualified to vote in the election of the Speaker.

Unanimous-Consent Requests

Sec. 3.6 When the Clerk of the House presides over organization on 
    opening day of a new Congress, the Clerk may entertain unanimous-
    consent requests from Members-elect, including requests to allow 
    Members-elect lacking certificates of election to participate in 
    the initial quorum call and the election of Speaker.(34)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. For more on certificates of election and the administration of the 
        oath of office, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 2. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 8 
        Sec. Sec. 15-17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 4, 1995,(35) the Clerk presided over the 
organization of the 104th Congress, and entertained a unanimous-consent 
request regarding the status of Members-elect from the state of 
Alabama:(36)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 141 Cong. Rec. 439-46, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
36. Parliamentarian's Note: The Secretary of State for the state of 
        Alabama withheld the certificates of election for the entire 
        delegation until a contested state-level election was resolved. 
        In lieu of the certificates, the Secretary of State sent a 
        letter unofficially informing the House that the members of the 
        delegation had received a majority of votes. The official 
        certificates of election were not received until a month later. 
        Unanimous consent was required to permit the delegation to 
        participate in the quorum call and to vote for the Speaker 
        because a Member-elect has the right to be included on the 
        Clerk's roll only if a certificate of election, in due form, is 
        on file with the Clerk; and only those Members whose names 
        appear on the Clerk's roll are entitled to vote for a new 
        Speaker or to participate in organizational proceedings prior 
        to the administration of the oath. A claimant not on the roll, 
        however, may take the oath and be admitted to membership. See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 2 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        2 Sec. 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution for the annual meeting of the Congress of the United 
    States, the Members-elect of the 104th Congress met in their Hall, 
    and at 12 noon, were called to order by the Clerk of the House of 
    Representatives, the Honorable Donnald K. Anderson.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        With gratefulness and praise and with a sense of duty and 
    honor, we express our thanksgivings, O gracious God, that we have 
    the opportunity to serve at this time and place. When we 
    contemplate the demands of justice and the high calling to public 
    service, we pray that Your spirit will illumine our minds, 
    strengthen our resolve and give us hearts of wisdom, tolerance, and 
    compassion. May each person be faithful to the vocation of 
    Government service, that we will be good stewards of the resources 
    of the land, hold to the standards of integrity and loyalty and do 
    all those good things that honor You and serve people everywhere. 
    May Your benediction, O God, that is new every morning and is with 
    us in all the moments of life, continue to bless us and keep us in 
    Your grace, now and evermore. As the prophet Micah has said, ``And 
    what does the Lord require of you, but to do justice, to love 
    mercy, and to walk humbly with your God.'' Amen.

                              pledge of allegiance

        The Clerk.(37) Will the Members-elect and their 
    guests please remain standing and join with us in the Pledge of 
    Allegiance to the Flag.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Donnald K. Anderson.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

        The Clerk. Representatives-elect, this is the day fixed by the 
    20th amendment to the Constitution and Public Law 103-395 for the 
    meeting of the 104th Congress and, as the law directs, the Clerk of 
    the House has prepared the official roll of the Representatives-
    elect.
        Certificates of election covering 428 seats in the 104th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accordance with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        The Clerk lays before the House the following communication 
    from the Secretary of the State of the State of Alabama.

                                         State of Alabama,        
                             Office of the Secretary of State,    
                                Montgomery, AL, December 19, 1994.
  Hon. Donnald K. Anderson,
  Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Anderson: According to the unofficial results of the 
    election held on November 8, 1994, in the state of Alabama, the 
    following individuals received a majority of the votes for a term 
    of two years beginning on January 3, 1995, to the United States 
    House of Representatives:
        Sonny Gallahan--1st District.
        Terry Everett--2d District.
        Glen Browder--3d District.
        Tom Bevill--4th District.
        Robert E. (Bud) Cramer, Jr--5th District.
        Spencer Bachus--6th District.
        Earl F. Hilliard--7th District.
        The official results and certificates of election will be 
    transmitted to you as soon as I am authorized to do so. Should the 
    official results differ from this in any way, I will notify you 
    immediately.

            Sincerely,
                                                  Jim Bennett,    
                                               Secretary of State.

        The Clerk. Without objection, the Representatives-elect from 
    the State of Alabama will be allowed to record their presence by 
    electronic device and also to vote on the election of the Speaker.
        There was no objection.
        The Clerk. Without objection, the Representatives-elect will 
    record their presence by electronic device and their names will be 
    reported in alphabetical order by States, beginning with the State 
    of Alabama, to determine whether a quorum is present.
        There was no objection.

Announcements

Sec. 3.7 When the Clerk of the House presides over organization on 
    opening day of a new Congress, the Clerk makes various 
    announcements to the body regarding events taking place during sine 
    die adjournment, including announcements regarding the death of 
    Members-elect.

    On January 3, 2001,(38) during organization of the 107th 
Congress, the Clerk announced the death of a Member-elect:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. 147 Cong. Rec. 19, 20, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. For similar 
        announcements, see 125 Cong. Rec. 4, 96th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 
        15, 1979) and 135 Cong. Rec. 67, 101st Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 
        1989).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution of the United States for the meeting of the Congress 
    of the United States, the Members-elect of the 107th Congress met 
    in their Hall, and at noon were called to order by the Clerk of the 
    House of Representatives, Hon. Jeff Trandahl.
        The Chaplain, the Rev. Daniel P. Coughlin, offered the 
    following prayer:
        Lord God, Almighty, by Your Divine Providence You have brought 
    us to this new day. Bless us in our gathering, form us by Your 
    Word, guide us by Your Spirit.
        The people of the United States, in order to form a more 
    perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, 
    provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and 
    secure the blessings of liberty for themselves and posterity, have 
    acted according to the Constitution of this country and by lawful 
    elections they have elected their representatives to serve in this 
    House as the 107th Congress.
        Give this body an outpouring of Your Holy Spirit, that they may 
    be wise in their judgments and serve freely the best interests of 
    all of the people of this Nation.
        Broaden their personal concerns that they may seek the common 
    good and always be attuned to the helpless sighs of the most 
    vulnerable in our society.
        Clarify their vision, as they work together in the search for 
    the best ideas and strategies to meet the greatest needs of our 
    times.
        Bless all Members of this House, new and experienced. May their 
    faith in You, Lord God, and in the destiny of this Nation, keep 
    them humble in Your service.
        May their families remain their deepest love and lasting joy.
        May all here who assist them in this Chamber, in congressional 
    offices and in committee responsibilities, be wise in their counsel 
    and gracious in their service.
        May this Congress, Lord God, be a sign of unity and confidence 
    to this Nation; good news to the poor and an instrument of peace in 
    the world.
        Lord God, in You we trust now and forever. Amen.

                              pledge of allegiance

        The Clerk. The Members-elect and their guests will please rise 
    and join in the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag.
        The Clerk led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

        The Clerk. Representatives-elect, this is the day fixed by the 
    20th amendment to the Constitution for the meeting of the 107th 
    Congress and, as the law directs, the Clerk of the House has 
    prepared the official roll of the Representatives-elect.
        Certificates of election covering 435 seats in the 107th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accordance with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        Without objection, the Representatives-elect will record their 
    presence by electronic device and their names will be reported in 
    alphabetical order by States, beginning with the State of Alabama, 
    to determine whether a quorum is present.
        There was no objection.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Representatives-elect responded to their names:

                               [Roll No. 1] . . .

        The Clerk. The quorum call discloses that 429 Representatives-
    elect have responded to their name. A quorum is 
    present.                          -------------------

                         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CLERK    

        The Clerk. The Clerk will state that credentials, regular in 
    form, have been received showing the election of the Honorable 
    Anibal Acevedo-Vila as Resident Commissioner from the Commonwealth 
    of Puerto Rico for a term of 4 years beginning January 3, 2001; the 
    election of the Honorable Eleanor Holmes Norton as Delegate from 
    the District of Columbia; the election of the Honorable Donna M. 
    Christensen as Delegate from the Virgin Islands; the election of 
    the Honorable Eni F.H. Faleomavaega as Delegate from American 
    Samoa; and the election of Robert A. Underwood as Delegate from 
    Guam.                          -------------------

                         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CLERK    

        The Clerk. The Clerk will state that since the last regular 
    election of Representatives to the 107th Congress, a vacancy now 
    exists in the 32d District of the State of California, occasioned 
    by the death of the late Honorable Julian C. Dixon.

Sec. 3.8 The Clerk of the prior Congress, who was not expected to be 
    reelected to the position due to a change in party majorities, gave 
    brief farewell remarks to the body as presiding officer prior to 
    the election of Speaker.

    On January 4, 1995,(39) at the organization of the 104th 
Congress, the Clerk from the 103d Congress called the House to order 
and after establishing the presence of a quorum of Members-elect, 
addressed the House as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. 141 Cong. Rec. 440-41, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           FAREWELL REMARKS OF THE HONORABLE DONNALD K. ANDERSON    

        The Clerk.(40) Ladies and gentlemen of the House, if 
    you will indulge me for just one moment, I will shortly take leave 
    of this Chamber after 35 years in your service, the last 8 in the 
    high stewardship as your Clerk.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. Donnald K. Anderson.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        My heart is filled with the happy reflections of those years, a 
    deep sense of fulfillment, and profound gratitude for your 
    unfailing confidence and friendship. Indeed, I am grateful above 
    all to the one Nation which affords opportunity for an ordinary 
    citizen to achieve extraordinary responsibility. You will remain 
    constantly in my thoughts and in my prayers that God will bless 
    each of you in the work which you are about and may He forever 
    prosper this House and the United States of America.
        I bid you an affectionate farewell.
        (Applause, the Members 
    rising.)                          -------------------

                TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE DONNALD K. ANDERSON    

        (Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio] asked and was given permission to 
    address the House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. BOEHNER. Mr. Clerk, before we proceed with the nominations 
    for Speaker of the House, on behalf of Republican Members of the 
    House, we want to thank you for your 35 years of service to this 
    institution, and your 35 years of service to the American people. 
    You have done your job ably on behalf of all Members on both sides 
    of the aisle.
        And to the other officers of the House, who have served the 
    House so ably and the American people so ably, we want to thank 
    them as well for their service in this House.
        Farewell, and best wishes from all of us.
        Mr. [Victor] FAZIO [of California]. Will the gentleman yield?
        Mr. BOEHNER. I yield to my friend, the gentleman from 
    California [Mr. Fazio].
        Mr. FAZIO. I appreciate my friend yielding.
        I, too, would like to add a few words of tribute to our friend.
        When the 103d Congress came to an official close on noon 
    Tuesday, the House literally lived on for the next 24 hours in the 
    person of the gentleman from Sacramento, CA, the Clerk of the 
    House, Donnald K. Anderson. In serving as the first presiding 
    officer for the purpose of organizing the 104th Congress, he 
    fulfilled his last ministerial duty to this institution. After four 
    successive terms as Clerk and a career with the House that began as 
    a Page when Dwight Eisenhower was President and Sam Rayburn sat in 
    the Speaker's chair, Donn Anderson now leaves a distinguished 
    career of public service.
        On a personal level for many of us in this Chamber, it was only 
    natural for Donn Anderson to have been the thread of continuity 
    from one Congress to the next. For over 30 years, Donn has embodied 
    every good virtue of this House. He has been its memory, its 
    defender, its champion and often its conscience. He understood 
    perhaps better than anyone here the meaning of the word 
    ``bipartisanship'' and he lived it daily in his work with the 
    Members. In his 8 years as the second highest-ranking officer of 
    the House, he worked tirelessly to move the House into the 
    information age and so greatly benefited our constituents, the 
    American people.
        As chairman of the Subcommittee on Legislative Appropriations, 
    I looked forward to our annual ritual of hearings knowing that I 
    could always count on the Clerk for the most splendid testimony. 
    Although Donn himself admitted to his preference for Victorian 
    manners, there was nothing old-fashioned about the direction of his 
    office. He was thoroughly modern in his vision for the future of 
    the House, and he fought hard to keep us current with the times. 
    Just as Donn could explain the artistic nuances of paintings in the 
    Rotunda, he could just as easily give you the technical lowdown of 
    cameras in this Chamber and on this floor. As the House moves 
    forward today with the institutional reforms and the 
    reorganization, we do so with the solid foundation left behind by 
    Donn Anderson.
        Perhaps in parting we can borrow a phrase from our late and 
    great Speaker Tip O'Neill. He simply said on so many occasions, 
    ``So long, old pal.''
        Thank you, Donn Anderson.



Sec. 4. Election of Speaker

    Following the initial quorum call of Members-elect, the House 
proceeds immediately to the election of the Speaker of the House. The 
election of Speaker is a matter of the highest privilege and has 
precedence over virtually any other business that could occur. For 
example, the election of Speaker takes precedence over a resolution 
raised as a question of the privileges of the House.(1) 
Until 1839, the House elected the Speaker by ballot, but current 
practice is a roll call vote with tellers in which Members-elect are 
called in alphabetical order by surname and orally announce their 
choice for Speaker. The electronic voting system has never been used to 
elect a Speaker. A majority vote of Members-elect, a quorum being 
present, is necessary to elect a Speaker. Delegates-elect and the 
Resident Commissioner-elect are ineligible to vote for 
Speaker.(2) By unanimous consent, the House may permit 
Members-elect lacking certificates of election to vote for 
Speaker.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 4.1, infra. See also Sec. 3.4, supra.
 2. See Sec. 4.2, infra. See also Sec. 3.5, supra.
 3. See Sec. 4.3, infra. See also Sec. 3.6, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The election of Speaker begins with formal nominations from the 
floor. Traditionally, the chairs of the respective party caucus or 
conference will be recognized by the Clerk to place each party's 
selection in nomination. However, there is no prohibition on other 
Members-elect nominating additional candidates for the 
office.(4) After the roll call vote, the Clerk announces to 
the House which candidate has been elected, and appoints a committee of 
Members-elect to escort the Speaker-elect to the Chair. By custom, the 
Minority Leader presents the Speaker-elect to the body, bestows upon 
the Speaker-elect the Chair's gavel, and the Speaker-elect requests the 
``Dean of the House'' (the Member-elect with the longest continuous 
service in the House) to administer the oath of office to the 
Speaker.(5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. See, e.g., 161 Cong. Rec. H3-H7 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 6, 2015).
 5. The statutorily-prescribed oath is the same taken by all Members-
        elect. 5 U.S.C. Sec. 3331. For more on the oath of office, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    If the speakership becomes vacant during a Congress, due to the 
death, resignation, or incapacity of the Speaker, the election of a new 
Speaker follows the same basic procedures as are used on opening day of 
a new Congress. However, pursuant to clause 8(b) of rule 
I,(6) a previously-designated Speaker pro tempore (rather 
than the Clerk) would perform the duties of the Chair.(7) 
The last Speaker to die in office was Speaker Sam Rayburn of Texas in 
1961.(8) Under the procedures then in place, the Clerk 
convened the House on the next scheduled legislative day (which 
happened to be opening day of the second session of the 87th Congress) 
and presided over both the initial quorum call for that 
session(9) and the election of a new Speaker.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. Pursuant to clause 8(b)(3)(B) of rule I, the Speaker delivers to 
        the Clerk a list of Members designated to preside as Speaker 
        pro tempore in the case of a vacancy in the office of Speaker. 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 632 (2017).
 7. Parliamentarian's Note: Since 1869, only two individuals have 
        resigned from the office of Speaker. Speaker James Wright of 
        Texas resigned the office on June 6, 1989, and Speaker Boehner 
        resigned the office on October 29, 2015. See Sec. 4.6, infra; 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. In each case, the resigning 
        Speaker presided over the election of his successor (the 
        resignation becoming effective upon election of a new Speaker). 
        Thus, as of this writing, the provisions of clause 8(b)(3)(A) 
        of rule I have not yet been utilized.
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: Four Speakers prior to Speaker Rayburn also 
        died in office: Speaker Michael Kerr of Indiana in 1876, 
        Speaker Henry Rainey of Illinois in 1934, Speaker Joseph Byrns, 
        Jr. of Tennessee in 1936, and Speaker William Bankhead of 
        Alabama in 1940. In the latter two instances, a new Speaker was 
        elected by resolution. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 6.3.
 9. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6.8.
10. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Although there is no rule requiring newly-elected Speakers to 
resign their committee assignments, Speakers have traditionally done so 
upon their election.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6.5. See also 161 Cong. Rec. H7340 
        [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. (Oct. 29, 2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Precedence

Sec. 4.1 The election of the Speaker has long been recognized as a 
    matter of high privilege related to the organization of the House, 
    and the election of Speaker takes precedence over a resolution 
    raised as a question of the privileges of the House.

    On January 7, 1997,(12) during organization of the 105th 
Congress, the Clerk ruled on a point of order regarding the priority of 
business. The ruling (which was sustained on appeal) cited both statute 
and precedent for the proposition that the election of Speaker is a 
matter of high privilege and takes precedence over a resolution raised 
as a question of the privileges of the House. For the Congressional 
Record excerpt of these proceedings, see Sec. 3.4, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. 143 Cong. Rec. 114-20, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Voting by Delegates

Sec. 4.2 Only Members-elect are eligible to cast votes in the election 
    of the Speaker, and, in response to parliamentary inquiries, the 
    Clerk confirmed that Delegates-elect may not vote in the election 
    of Speaker.

    On January 6, 1999,(13) during the election of Speaker 
for the 106th Congress, the Clerk answered parliamentary inquiries 
regarding the inability of Delegates-elect (and the Resident 
Commissioner-elect) to vote for Speaker. For the Congressional Record 
excerpt of these proceedings, see Sec. 3.5, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 145 Cong. Rec. 41-45, 106th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 163 Cong. Rec. 
        H3 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Voting by Members-elect Lacking Certificates

Sec. 4.3 By unanimous consent, the House may permit Members-elect 
    lacking official certificates of election to be recorded during the 
    initial quorum call and to vote in the election of 
    Speaker.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. For more on certificates of election and the administration of the 
        oath of office, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 2. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 8 
        Sec. Sec. 15-17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2003,(15) during organization of the 108th 
Congress, the House agreed (by unanimous consent) to allow a Member-
elect from the state of Hawaii lacking a certificate of election to be 
counted in the initial quorum call and to vote for Speaker:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. 149 Cong. Rec. 1, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 2 Sec. 2.2. For similar proceedings, see 
        Sec. 3.6, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution of the United States and Public Law 107-328 for the 
    meeting of the Congress of the United States, the Members-elect of 
    the 108th Congress met in their Hall, and at noon were called to 
    order by the Clerk of the House of Representatives, Hon. Jeff 
    Trandahl. . . .                          -------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The CLERK.(16) The Members-elect and their guests 
    will please remain standing and join in the Pledge of Allegiance to 
    the flag.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Jeff Trandahl.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.

        The CLERK. Representatives-elect, this is the day fixed by the 
    20th amendment to the Constitution and Public Law 107-328 for the 
    meeting of the 108th Congress and, as the law directs, the Clerk of 
    the House has prepared the official roll of the Representatives-
    elect.
        Certificates of election covering 434 seats in the 108th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accordance with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        The Clerk lays before the House a facsimile of a communication 
    from the Chief Election Officer of the State of Hawaii.
                                                  January 5, 2003.
  Hon. Jeff Trandahl,
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Trandahl: This is to advise you that the unofficial 
    results of the Special Election held on Saturday, January 4, 2003 
    for Representative in Congress from the Second Congressional 
    District of Hawaii show that Ed Case (D) received 33,002 of votes 
    of the total number cast for that office.
        It would appear from the unofficial results that Ed Case (D) 
    was elected Representative from the Second Congressional District 
    of Hawaii. We are unaware of any election contest at this time.
        As soon as the official results are certified, an official 
    Certificate of Election will be transmitted as required by law . . 
    .

            Very truly yours,
                                            Dwayne D. Yoshina,    
                                     Chief Election Officer. . . .

        The CLERK. Without objection, the Representative-elect from the 
    Second District of the State of Hawaii will be allowed to record 
    his presence and also to vote on the election of the Speaker.
        There was no objection.

Procedure for Election of Speaker

Sec. 4.4 After establishing a quorum at the organizational session of a 
    new Congress, the Clerk: (1) recognizes for nominations for the 
    office of Speaker (typically by the chairs of the major party 
    caucuses); (2) appoints tellers for the election of Speaker; (3) 
    calls the roll of Members-elect (in which they indicate their 
    choices by surname); (4) announces the result of the vote; and (5) 
    appoints a committee to escort the Speaker-elect to the Chair.

    On January 3, 2013,(17) the election of Speaker for the 
113th Congress proceeded as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 159 Cong. Rec. H2-H4 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For an 
        earlier example of the procedure for electing the Speaker of 
        the House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            ELECTION OF SPEAKER    

        The CLERK.(18) Pursuant to law and precedent, the 
    next order of business is the election of the Speaker of the House 
    of Representatives for the 113th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Karen Haas.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Nominations are now in order.
        The Clerk recognizes the gentlewoman from Washington (Mrs. 
    McMorris Rodgers).
        Mrs. [Cathy] McMORRIS RODGERS [of Washington]. Madam Clerk, the 
    113th Congress gives us a chance to try once again to make a better 
    America than the one we inherited from our parents--and from the 
    112 Congresses that came before us. That is the hope of every 
    Member here, on both sides of the aisle: to restore this land of 
    freedom and opportunity for our families and our children. . . .
        So it is with great optimism and hope for the great work that 
    we can accomplish together that, as chair of the Republican 
    Conference--on a unanimous vote of the conference--I present for 
    election to the Office of the Speaker of the House of 
    Representatives for the 113th Congress the name of the Honorable 
    John A. Boehner.
        The CLERK. The Clerk now recognizes the gentleman from 
    California (Mr. Becerra).
        Mr. [Xavier] BECERRA [of California]. Madam Clerk, this is the 
    people's House, and every 2 years the populace of this country 
    gives those duly-elected Representatives of the people an 
    opportunity to decide who will lead here in the Chamber of the 
    people's House. . . .
        I am tasked, as chairman of the Democratic Caucus, through the 
    vote of that caucus, to present for election to the Office of 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives to the 113th Congress the 
    name of the Right Honorable Nancy Pelosi, a Representative for the 
    people, duly elected from the State of California.
        The CLERK. The names of the Honorable John A. Boehner, a 
    Representative-elect from the State of Ohio, and the Honorable 
    Nancy Pelosi, a Representative-elect from the State of California, 
    have been placed in nomination.
        Are there further nominations?
        There being no further nominations, the Clerk appoints the 
    following tellers:
        The gentlewoman from Michigan (Mrs. Miller);
        The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Brady);
        The gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Kaptur); and
        The gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Ros-Lehtinen).
        The tellers will come forward and take their seats at the desk 
    in front of the Speaker's rostrum.
        The roll now will be called, and those responding to their 
    names will indicate by surname the nominee of their choosing.
        The Reading Clerk will now call the roll.
        The tellers having taken their places, the House proceeded to 
    vote for the Speaker.
        The following is the result of the vote:

                               [Roll No. 2] . . .

        The CLERK. The tellers agree in their tallies that the total 
    number of votes cast is 426, of which the Honorable John A. Boehner 
    of the State of Ohio has received 220 votes, and the Honorable 
    Nancy Pelosi of the State of California has received 192 votes, the 
    Honorable Raul Labrador of the State of Idaho has received 1, the 
    Honorable John Lewis of the State of Georgia has received 1, the 
    Honorable Eric Cantor of the State of Virginia has received 3, the 
    Honorable Allen West has received 2, Colin Powell has received 1, 
    the Honorable Jim Jordan of the State of Ohio has received 1, David 
    Walker has received 1, the Honorable Jim Cooper of the State of 
    Tennessee has received 2, the Honorable Justin Amash of the State 
    of Michigan has received 1, the Honorable John Dingell of the State 
    of Michigan has received 1, with 1 recorded as ``present.''
        Therefore, the Honorable John A. Boehner of the State of Ohio, 
    having received a majority of the votes cast, is duly elected 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 113th Congress.

Administration of Oath

Sec. 4.5 At the beginning of a new Congress, the Clerk serves as 
    interim presiding officer and presides over the election of the 
    Speaker of the House, after which the oath of office is 
    administered to the Speaker-elect by the Dean of the House (the 
    Member-elect with the longest continuous service in the House).

    On January 3, 2013,(19) after Members-elect had 
concluded voting for Speaker, the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 159 Cong. Rec. H4-H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For earlier 
        examples of the Minority Leader presenting the Chair's gavel to 
        the newly-elected Speaker and the administration of the oath by 
        the Dean of the House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. Sec. 6.2, 6.4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The CLERK.(20) The tellers agree in their tallies 
    that the total number of votes cast is 426, of which the Honorable 
    John A. Boehner of the State of Ohio has received 220 votes, and 
    the Honorable Nancy Pelosi of the State of California has received 
    192 votes, the Honorable Raul Labrador of the State of Idaho has 
    received 1, the Honorable John Lewis of the State of Georgia has 
    received 1, the Honorable Eric Cantor of the State of Virginia has 
    received 3, the Honorable Allen West has received 2, Colin Powell 
    has received 1, the Honorable Jim Jordan of the State of Ohio has 
    received 1, David Walker has received 1, the Honorable Jim Cooper 
    of the State of Tennessee has received 2, the Honorable Justin 
    Amash of the State of Michigan has received 1, the Honorable John 
    Dingell of the State of Michigan has received 1, with 1 recorded as 
    ``present.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Karen Haas.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Therefore, the Honorable John A. Boehner of the State of Ohio, 
    having received a majority of the votes cast, is duly elected 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 113th Congress.
        The Clerk appoints the following committee to escort the 
    Speaker-elect to the chair:
        The gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Cantor)
        The gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi)
        The gentleman from California (Mr. McCarthy)
        The gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Hoyer)
        The gentlewoman from Washington (Mrs. McMorris Rodgers)
        The gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Clyburn)
        The gentleman from Oregon (Mr. Walden)
        The gentleman from California (Mr. Becerra)
        The gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Lankford)
        The gentleman from New York (Mr. Crowley)
        The gentlewoman from Kansas (Ms. Jenkins)
        The gentleman from New York (Mr. Israel)
        The gentlewoman from North Carolina (Ms. Foxx)
        The gentlewoman from Connecticut (Ms. DeLauro)
        The gentlewoman from Missouri (Ms. Wagner)
        The gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Andrews)
        The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Sessions)
        The gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Van Hollen)
        The gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Roskam)
        The gentlewoman from New Mexico (Ms. Lujan Grisham)
        And the Members of the Ohio delegation:
        Ms. Kaptur
        Mr. Tiberi
        Mr. Ryan
        Mr. Turner
        Mr. Latta
        Mr. Jordan
        Ms. Fudge
        Mr. Chabot
        Mr. Gibbs
        Mr. Johnson
        Mr. Renacci
        Mr. Stivers
        Ms. Beatty
        Mr. Joyce, and
        Mr. Wenstrup
        The committee will retire from the Chamber to escort the 
    Speaker-elect to the chair.
        The Sergeant at Arms announced the Speaker-elect of the House 
    of Representatives of the 113th Congress, who was escorted to the 
    chair by the Committee of Escort.

        Ms. [Nancy] PELOSI [of California]. To my fellow Members of the 
    House of Representatives, it is a high honor to welcome you to the 
    113th Congress.
        To our newest Members of Congress, it is a special privilege 
    and honor to welcome you and your families and extend 
    congratulations to the newest Members of Congress. Welcome. . . .
        With respect for our Constitution, with faith in the American 
    people, with hope for the future of our country, I present the 
    people's gavel to the Speaker of the House, John Boehner.
        May God bless you.
        May God bless you, Speaker Boehner. May God bless this 
    Congress. May God always bless the United States of America.
        My colleagues, the Speaker of the House, John Boehner.
        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Leader Pelosi, thank you for your 
    kind words . . .
        I am now ready to take the oath of office.
        I ask the Dean of the House of Representatives, the Honorable 
    John D. Dingell of Michigan, to administer the oath of office.
        Mr. Dingell then administered the oath of office to Mr. Boehner 
    of Ohio, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        (Applause, the Members rising.)
        Mr. [John] DINGELL [of Michigan]. Congratulations, Mr. Speaker.

Resignation of Speaker

Sec. 4.6 The Speaker, having previously announced to the House his 
    intention to resign the office upon election of his successor, 
    recognized nominations from the floor for the office of Speaker and 
    presided over the election of a new Speaker of the House.

    On June 6, 1989,(21) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 135 Cong. Rec. 10800-803, 101st Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 37 Sec. 9.1. For Speaker Boehner's resignation 
        from the office in the 114th Congress, see Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The SPEAKER.(22) Will all Members rise and permit 
    the Chair to lead us in the Pledge of Allegiance to our flag.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Speaker, Mr. Wright, led the Pledge of Allegiance as 
    follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for 
    all.                          -------------------

                            ELECTION OF SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the Speaker's announcement of 
    Wednesday, May 31, 1989,(23) the Chair will receive 
    nominations for the Office of Speaker.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. For the text of the Speaker's remarks (made under a question of 
        personal privilege), see 135 Cong. Rec. 10431-41, 101st Cong. 
        1st Sess. (May 31, 1989).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. 
    Gray].
        Mr. [William] GRAY [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, as chairman 
    of the Democratic Caucus, I am directed by the unanimous vote of 
    that caucus to present for election to the Office of the Speaker of 
    the House of Representatives the name of the Honorable Thomas S. 
    Foley, a Representative from the State of Washington.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair now recognizes the gentleman from 
    California [Mr. Lewis].
        (Mr. LEWIS of California asked and was given permission to 
    revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Jerry] LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of 
    the Republican Conference, I am directed by the unanimous vote of 
    that conference to present for election to the Office of the 
    Speaker of the House of Representatives the name of the Honorable 
    Robert H. Michel, a Representative from the State of Illinois.
        Mr. Speaker, it is a time of great tribulation and turbulence 
    as this House celebrates its 200th anniversary. Radical changes in 
    the structure of power are always that. But it is a credit to the 
    strength of this institution that in the midst of this upheaval, we 
    are all joined together in the common goal of determining who will 
    lead us. . . .

        The SPEAKER. The Honorable Thomas S. Foley, a Representative 
    from the State of Washington, and the Honorable Robert H. Michel, a 
    Representative from the State of Illinois, have been placed in 
    nomination.
        Are there any further nominations?
        There being no further nominations, the Chair will appoint 
    tellers.
        The Chair appoints the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Annunzio]; 
    the gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas]; the gentlewoman from 
    Colorado [Mrs. Schroeder]; and the gentlewoman from Nebraska [Mrs. 
    Smith].
        The tellers will come forward and take their seats at the desk 
    in front of the Speaker's rostrum.
        The roll will now be called, and those responding to their 
    names will indicate by surname the nominee of their choice.
        The reading clerk will now call the roll.

        The tellers having taken their places, the House proceeded to 
    vote for the Speaker.
        The following is the result of the vote:

                              [Roll No. 73] . . .

        The SPEAKER. The tellers agree in their tallies that the total 
    number of votes cast is 417, of which the Honorable Thomas S. 
    Foley, of Washington, has received 251 and the Honorable Robert H. 
    Michel, of Illinois, has received 164, with 2 voting ``present.''

        Therefore, the Honorable Thomas S. Foley, of Washington, is 
    duly elected Speaker of the House of Representatives, having 
    received a majority of the votes cast.
        The Chair appoints the following committee to escort the 
    Speaker-elect to the chair: The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. 
    Michel], the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Gray], the gentleman 
    from California [Mr. Lewis], the gentleman from Washington [Mr. 
    Dicks], the gentleman from Washington [Mr. Swift], the gentleman 
    from Washington [Mr. Morrison], the gentleman from Washington [Mr. 
    Chandler], the gentleman from Washington [Mr. Miller], the 
    gentleman from Washington [Mr. McDermott], and the gentlewoman from 
    Washington [Mrs. Unsoeld].
        The committee will retire from the Chamber to escort the 
    Speaker-elect to the chair.
        The Doorkeeper announced the Speaker-elect of the House of 
    Representatives of the 101st Congress, who was escorted to the 
    chair by the committee of escort.
        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker-elect, my 
    colleagues, guests of the House.
        Once again, I hold in my hand--temporarily, alas--a symbol of 
    the authority of the Speaker of the House.
        We are taught it is better to give than receive. I believe 
    that. When it comes to Speaker's gavels, I have become 
    distressingly expert at it, having now gone down to defeat for the 
    sixth time on a straight party-line vote.
        I look forward to the day when someone on the other side of the 
    aisle learns the joys of such selfless behavior.
        My colleagues, I know you are anxious to hear from the Speaker, 
    but before formally presenting him to you, I would ask your 
    forbearance that I might make a few comments of my own.
        During the recent past we have taken part in a number of 
    ceremonies commemorating the bicentennial of the House of 
    Representatives.
        We had a marvelous celebration on this floor in which many of 
    us got the chance to say what we believe about this great 
    institution.
        But in a curious irony of history--some might say a tragedy of 
    history--the very year in which we celebrated the great traditions 
    and the glories of the House, it has been blighted by unprecedented 
    crises, personal and institutional.
        Today we have that rare, most precious and improbable of 
    gifts--a second chance for comprehensive, bipartisan institutional 
    reform that will set the course for a new century.
        Let me turn to my friends on the other side of the aisle for a 
    moment--and I hope that you will take what I have to say in the 
    spirit in which it is intended.

        First, no political party--no man or woman in the House, no 
    faction, no ideology--has a monopoly on virtue. Human folly is an 
    equal-opportunity employer.
        No, there is no monopoly on virtue, but for over 35 years there 
    has been a monopoly of power in the House.
        Thirty-five years of uninterrupted power can act like a 
    corrosive acid upon the restraints of civility and comity.
        Those who have been kings of the Hill for so long may forget 
    that majority status is not a divine right--and minority status is 
    not a permanent condition.
        At the heart of our crises are not personal faults of 
    individual Members. After 32 years as a Member and over 40 years on 
    the Hill, it is my belief that the personal integrity of the 
    overwhelming number of Members of this institution is and has been 
    as good or better than that of any group in our society--especially 
    those who criticize the most. [Applause.]
        I believe that the processes of the House, as established to 
    deal with ethics cases, have to proceed.
        The former Speaker said in his farewell address to the House 
    that ``this mindless cannibalism has got to stop.''
        Now, it is a catchy phrase, but the distinguished members of 
    the committee on ethics, equally divided from both parties, are 
    neither mindless nor cannibals. [Applause.]
        In fact, it is their reasoned judgment, under extraordinary 
    pressure, that stands between us and the cannibalism which the 
    Speaker referred to.
        I am all for putting an end to bitterness.
        I am all in favor of putting our House in order--but we do not 
    do so by sweeping things under the rug.
        This House is in a convulsive state. We have experienced some 
    really dark days, but I take heart in the strengths that are built 
    into this institution to cope with the times.
        I also take heart from the fact that Tom Foley, for whom I have 
    the greatest admiration, will be the new Speaker and, yes, we are 
    going to have our marked differences. That is the nature of this 
    place, but that need not intrude upon the mutual respect and the 
    trust that we have for one another as leaders.
        Tom Foley, coming from the great Pacific Northwest, reminds me 
    of the line of poetry that says:
        ``But westward, look, the land is bright.''
        Congratulations, Mr. Speaker-elect. Let me hand over to you 
    this symbol of the great power and the great responsibilities you 
    have just been given by the House.
        Ladies and gentlemen of the House, what a privilege for me to 
    present to you the new Speaker-elect of the House of 
    Representatives.
        [Applause, Members rising.]

        The SPEAKER. Mr. Speaker, Bob Michel, my fellow Members, 
    friends, guests, ladies and gentlemen, article I, section 2 of the 
    Constitution of the United States states simply that the House of 
    Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers. 
    Those are simple words, but there are no simple words that can 
    convey my deep gratitude to you for having chosen me to be the 
    Speaker of this House.
        It is also a great honor to be presented by the distinguished 
    Republican leader and my good friend, Bob Michel. We have two great 
    political parties that have nourished our political tradition and 
    served it so well throughout our history. The Republican Party 
    could not choose a more able or talented or distinguished a leader 
    than the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Michel]. [Applause.]
        He would make a great Speaker himself, but I prefer him as the 
    Republican leader.
        Although I know and expect that Bob Michel will, as he has been 
    in the past, be an outspoken leader and champion for his party, for 
    its programs and its philosophy, I am confident that whatever 
    disagreements arise between us over policy will never interfere 
    with our friendship or with the deep and abiding respect I have for 
    you, Bob. I look forward to working with you in a spirit of 
    cooperation and increased consultation as we address the problems 
    facing this House and the Nation.
        It has been the proudest accomplishment of my life to represent 
    the people of the Fifth Congressional District of Washington, and I 
    must say a word of gratitude and thankfulness to them for having 
    allowed me to serve for so many years in their behalf.
        There are so many people to whom I am grateful, but first and 
    foremost is my wife and my loving companion for 24 years, 21 years, 
    will be 24. [Applause.]
        No words can express my love and gratitude to you.
        To my surviving mother and sister and love of my family, to the 
    staff of all of the offices I have held here in the Congress for so 
    many years who have been a part of everything that I have tried to 
    do in public life, to my teachers, to my friends, to those who 
    first inspired me to public service, most of all my father who 
    convinced me that public service was a great trust and the highest 
    possible calling; to those who gave me an opportunity for public 
    service, to people like Henry M. Jackson and Warren G. Magnuson, 
    who taught me that the public office can contribute so much to the 
    public good. To the Speakers with whom I have served, John 
    McCormack and Carl Albert and Tip O'Neill, who served longer than 
    any Speaker of this House in continuous service, and to you, Mr. 
    Speaker, because I believe that the great accomplishments of the 
    last Congress will go down in history as a tribute to your 
    leadership and dedication. [Applause.]
        And to the great Republican leaders, Gerald R. Ford, who left 
    this place to assume the Presidency of the United States as a 
    healing President at a difficult time in our country's history. I 
    was in the Democratic Cloakroom when Gerald Ford took the oath of 
    office as President of the United States. You may remember he asked 
    the country to pray for him, and in the silence of the Democratic 
    Cloakroom, a single voice said, ``We will, Jerry. God bless you.''
        To John Rhodes, who I had the pleasure of seeing this last 
    week, and to Bob Michel, with whom I look forward to the closest 
    cooperation, and to all of you, all of my colleagues, who though 
    you have different visions for the future of this country, share a 
    common commitment to public service, a common concern for the 
    public good, and a love of this House.
        We are proud to call this the People's House, the fundamental 
    institution of American democracy. Although it is not the oldest 
    parliament in the world, it has existed longer as an independent, 
    popularly elected legislature than any other in the history of 
    mankind.
        And as we watch the remarkable struggles of the Chinese people, 
    as we see the growing aspirations of those in the Soviet Union and 
    in Poland and elsewhere, we can take pride that the values that 
    gave this institution its birthand have sustained it for 200 years 
    now sweep round the world.
        This body reflects most closely the Nation at large. It is not, 
    as many have suggested, a fixed, unchangeable body. We have even 
    been called the House of Lords. The fact of the matter is that 
    there is constantly a refreshment from every part of the country as 
    new Members come from all quarters, from every background, of every 
    race and creed and color and commitment to serve here.
        Since 1965, when I first came, 93 percent of this body have 
    changed. Since 1974, 81 percent have changed, and in the years 
    since 1980, fully 55 percent of the House has changed its 
    membership.
        We benefit by this infusion of new ideas, new personalities, 
    new principles. But it remains ultimately the choice of the 
    American electorate.
        We need to strengthen this House. I do not share the views of 
    some that we should attempt to tear it down. On the contrary, I 
    think we must strengthen and build it. [Applause.]
        And in that task I pledge to all of you, Democrats and 
    Republicans, Members from every part of the country, that I 
    understand the responsibility of the Speaker of the House, as other 
    Speakers have understood it and practiced it, to be a 
    responsibility to the whole House and to each and every individual 
    Member, undivided by that center aisle. [Applause.]
        I take great pride, as all of you do, in our public service. I 
    have spent 25 years in the Congress, and it has been for me the 
    great and abiding pride of my life. I believe that public service 
    is a free gift of a free people, and a challenge for all of us in 
    public life to do what we can to make that service useful for those 
    who have sent us here.
        I am confident, as is Bob Michel, in the fundamental honesty 
    and integrity of the Members who serve here. I believe the standard 
    of public conduct is higher and the performance of that standard is 
    better in this House today than at any other time in the history of 
    our Nation. But questions must be discussed and answered.
        I have asked Bob Michel to join with me in asking the 
    bipartisan task force on ethics reform to report at an early date 
    their recommendations to us and to the House so that the House may 
    consider what recommendations they may make and other 
    recommendations and proposals in this session of Congress this 
    year.
        I am a proud Democrat, but I appeal specifically to our friends 
    on the Republican side that we should come together and put away 
    bitterness and division and hostility. We need to debate public 
    issues vigorously sometimes, even passionately sometimes, and 
    decide for the country what should be done; but we need to debate 
    and decide with reason and without rancor. I will do what I can, 
    and every day that I serve in this office, to insure that the 
    rights and privileges of each Member of the House are respected and 
    to insure that the procedure is fair for all.
        I applaud the desire of the President of the United States to 
    work with the Congress and with both parties, and we extend, 
    warmly, our offer of cooperation with him.
        We have elections every 4 years, but we have one President at a 
    time, and he who does not wish the President of the United States, 
    President Bush, well is no friend of the Republic. We wish him 
    well. We wish to work with him. We wish to serve the common 
    interests of this country and its interests abroad.
        A dozen years ago my great friend and yours, Thomas O'Neill, 
    stood here to take the oath of office as Speaker for the first 
    time. In his speech he reminded us in a paraphrased way of the 
    words of Henry Clay, a great and former Speaker of the House. In 
    promising to be prompt and impartial in deciding parliamentary 
    questions, he pledged to be patient, good-tempered, and courteous 
    toward individual Members. He pledged his best to employ the 
    talent, the great talent of this House for full and fair 
    consideration of those issues that come before it. He pledged in 
    those moments of agitation from which no assembly is entirely 
    exempt to remain cool and unshaken, gathering the permanent laws 
    and rules of the House and guarding them from being sacrificed to 
    temporary passions, prejudices, or interests. I repeat that pledge.
        You have bestowed upon me a great honor and a great 
    responsibility. I will devote every ability I have to justify and 
    maintain your confidence and the integrity of this House of 
    Representatives and protect the rights and welfare of all Members 
    so that we can fulfill our high responsibility in representing the 
    people of this Nation.
        With God's help, with your understanding and support, I am now 
    prepared to take the oath of office.
        [Applause, the Members rising.]

        The SPEAKER-ELECT.(24) Will the gentleman from 
    Mississippi [Mr. Whitten] please come forward to administer the 
    oath of office?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Jamie] WHITTEN [of Mississippi] then administered the oath 
    of office to Mr. Foley of Washington.
        [Applause, the Members rising.]



Sec. 5. Speaker as Presiding Officer

    Once the Speaker has been elected and the oath of office 
administered, the Speaker presides over the completion of other 
organizational steps at the beginning of a new Congress. These steps 
proceed pursuant to constitutional and statutory requirements and occur 
in a prescribed order that derives from precedents and customs 
established over the course of many decades of prior practice. Three 
matters of organizational business are required by the Constitution. 
First, the Speaker must administer the oath of office to Members-
elect.(1) Second, the Speaker presides over the election of 
other officers of the House.(2) Third, the House must 
formally adopt the standing rules to govern proceedings for that 
Congress.(3) Another organizational step that is required by 
statute (rather than the Constitution) is the administration of the 
oath of office to the newly-elected officers of the 
House.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. ``The Senators and Representatives before mentioned...shall be 
        bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution...'' 
        U.S. Const. art. VI, cl. 3; House Rules and Manual Sec. 196-206 
        (2017). The form of the oath of office is provided by law. 5 
        U.S.C. Sec. 3331.
 2. ``The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other 
        Officers...'' U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 2, cl. 5; House Rules 
        and Manual Sec. 26-30 (2017).
 3. ``Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings...'' U.S. 
        Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 2; House Rules and Manual Sec. 58 
        (2017).
 4. Parliamentarian's Note: Officers of the House take the same oath as 
        Members of the House. 5 U.S.C. Sec. 3331. Technically, the law 
        only requires the Speaker to administer the oath of office to 
        the Clerk of the House (2 U.S.C. Sec. 26), but by long custom 
        the oath is administered to all officers of the House. 1 Hinds' 
        Precedents Sec. 81. For more on the administration of the oath 
        of office to officers of the House, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 6 Sec. 17 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, other organizational business occurs traditionally as a 
matter of custom or precedent. For example, the House will formally 
notify the Senate that a quorum of the House has assembled and that 
officers of the House have been elected.(5) The House will 
also notify the President that a quorum of the House has 
assembled,(6) as well as the House's selection of Speaker 
and Clerk.(7) The House customarily adopts a privileged 
resolution to establish the daily hours of meeting for that session of 
Congress.(8) Though not necessarily part of the organization 
of the House, a resolution authorizing a joint session to hear the 
President's address on the state of the Union is commonly adopted on 
opening day (or soon thereafter).(9) The Speaker also makes 
various announcements to the House on opening day concerning the 
transaction of business during sine die adjournment.(10) 
Formerly, the House would often authorize the Speaker to declare 
recesses during organization,(11) but the Chair's discretion 
to call recesses of the House has expanded considerably in recent 
years, and thus such authorization is now generally not 
needed.(12) Unanimous-consent requests may be entertained 
during organization,(13) and the House may also receive 
messages.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H6 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
 6. Parliamentarian's Note: Prior to the 104th Congress, the Dean of 
        the House (the Member with the longest continuous service in 
        the House) would customarily offer these resolutions of 
        notification. However, beginning in 1995, the Majority Leader 
        has typically performed this function.
 7. Parliamentarian's Note: The House informs the President that a 
        quorum has assembled by establishing a select committee to 
        formally transmit the message. On opening day of the 63d 
        Congress (1913), Members debated the ability of the House to 
        take certain actions prior to the adoption of rules 
        (specifically, whether a motion to commit was available under 
        general parliamentary law). Speaker Champ Clark of Missouri, in 
        response to the suggestion that the resolution establishing a 
        committee to notify the President of the assembly of the House 
        was adopted by unanimous consent, stated that such resolution 
        was in fact raised as a privileged question. Rep. Thomas 
        Hardwick of Georgia elaborated that the privileged nature of 
        said resolution must stem from the fact that ``it is a 
        necessary part of the organization work of this House.'' Since 
        that time, it has been accepted that the notification to the 
        President of the assembly of the House is a matter of privilege 
        that does not require unanimous consent. 50 Cong. Rec. 72, 63d 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Apr. 7, 1913).
 8. See Sec. 9.2, infra.
 9. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.4.
10. See Sec. 5.2, infra. For other examples of announcements made by 
        the Speaker during organization, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        1 Sec. Sec. 7.7-7.10.
11. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 7.2, 7.3.
12. For more on recess authority generally, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 39 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 39.
13. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 8.1, 8.2. For examples of 
        unanimous-consent requests entertained during organization of a 
        second session, see 124 Cong. Rec. 111, 95th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 19, 1978) and 126 Cong. Rec. 216, 96th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 22, 1980).
14. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 8.3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With respect to a second (or subsequent) session of the same 
Congress, the Speaker presides over the organization of the House for 
that session, though the number of required steps is necessarily fewer 
than on opening day of a new Congress. At a second (or subsequent) 
session, the Speaker and other officers have already been elected, 
Members have already taken the oath of office, and standing rules have 
already been adopted. What remains are primarily administrative, 
informational, and ceremonial functions for the Speaker to perform. For 
example, the Speaker makes announcements to the body regarding actions 
taken or other matters occurring during sine die adjournment. The 
Senate and the President are informed that a quorum of the House has 
assembled for that session of Congress. The standing order regarding 
the daily hour of meeting must be adopted for the new 
session.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. See Sec. 9.2, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Speaker Presiding at Organization

Sec. 5.1 Following the election of Speaker at the opening of a new 
    Congress, the Speaker(16) presides over the following 
    organizational steps: (1) administration of the oath of office to 
    Members-elect; (2) election of officers of the House and the 
    administration of the oath of office to such individuals; (3) 
    adoption of a resolution informing the Senate that a quorum of the 
    House has assembled and officers have been elected; (4) adoption of 
    a resolution authorizing the appointment of a committee to inform 
    the President that a quorum of the House has assembled and officers 
    have been elected; (5) adoption of the rules of the House; and (6) 
    adoption of a resolution establishing the daily hour of meeting for 
    the first session of the Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Parliamentarian's Note: While the Speaker generally presides over 
        most of the organizational steps described here, the Speaker 
        may appoint a Speaker pro tempore to preside instead. 
        Typically, a Speaker pro tempore assumes the Chair following 
        the administration of the oath of office to the elected 
        officers of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 3, 2013,(17) the following organizational 
steps were taken with the newly-elected Speaker of the House presiding:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 159 Cong. Rec. H5, H6, H20-H22, H24 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. For an earlier example of the Speaker presiding at 
        organization, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS    

        The SPEAKER.(18) According to precedent, the Chair 
    will swear in the Members-elect en masse.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Members-elect will rise and raise their right hands.
        The Members-elect rose, and the Speaker administered the oath 
    of office to them as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are now Members of the 113th 
    Congress. . . .                          -------------------

             ELECTING OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        Mrs. [Cathy] McMORRIS RODGERS [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I 
    offer a privileged resolution and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 1

  Resolved That Karen L. Haas of the State of Maryland; be, and is hereby, 
chosen Clerk of the House of Representatives;

  That Paul D. Irving of the State of Florida be, and is hereby, chosen 
Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives;

  That Daniel J. Strodel of the District of Columbia be, and is hereby, 
chosen Chief administrative Officer of the House of Representatives; and

  That Father Patrick J. Conroy of the State of Oregon, be, and is hereby, 
chosen Chaplain of the House of Representatives.

        Mrs. McMORRIS RODGERS. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman 
    from California (Mr. Becerra) for the purpose of offering an 
    amendment.
        Mr. [Xavier] BECERRA [of California]. I thank the gentlelady 
    for yielding.
        Mr. Speaker, I have an amendment to the resolution, but before 
    offering the amendment, I request that there be a division of the 
    question on the resolution so that we may have a separate vote on 
    the Chaplain.
        The SPEAKER. The question will be divided.
        The question is on agreeing to that portion of the resolution 
    providing for the election of the Chaplain.
        That portion of the resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

                        amendment offered by mr. becerra

        Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, I offer an amendment to the remainder 
    of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendment.
        The Clerk read as follows:

        Amendment offered by Mr. Becerra:

        That Catlin W. O'Neill of the District of Columbia be, and is 
    hereby, chosen Clerk of the House of Representatives;
        That Diane Dewhirst of the District of Columbia be, and is 
    hereby, chosen Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives; 
    and
        That Richard Meltzer of the State of Illinois be, and is 
    hereby, chosen Chief Administrative Officer of the House of 
    Representatives.

        The SPEAKER. The question is on the amendment offered by the 
    gentleman from California.
        The amendment was rejected.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the remainder of the resolution 
    offered by the gentlewoman from Washington.
        The remainder of the resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will now swear in the officers of the 
    House.
        The officers presented themselves in the well of the House and 
    took the oath of office as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. 
    Congratulations.                          -------------------

         TO INFORM THE SENATE THAT A QUORUM OF THE HOUSE HAS ASSEMBLED 
                AND OF THE ELECTION OF THE SPEAKER AND THE CLERK

        Mr. [Eric] CANTOR [of Virginia]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 2

  Resolved, That the Senate be informed that a quorum of the House of 
Representatives has assembled; that John A. Boehner, a Representative from 
the State of Ohio, has been elected Speaker; and that Karen L. Haas, a 
citizen of the State of Maryland, has been elected Clerk of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

         AUTHORIZING THE SPEAKER TO APPOINT A COMMITTEE TO NOTIFY THE 
                   PRESIDENT OF THE ASSEMBLY OF THE CONGRESS

        Mr. CANTOR. Mr. Speaker, I offer a privileged resolution and 
    ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 3

  Resolved, That a committee of two Members be appointed by the Speaker on 
the part of the House of Representatives to join with a committee on the 
part of the Senate to notify the President of the United States that a 
quorum of each House has assembled and Congress is ready to receive any 
communication that he may be pleased to make.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

         AUTHORIZING THE CLERK TO INFORM THE PRESIDENT OF THE ELECTION 
                          OF THE SPEAKER AND THE CLERK

        Mr. [John] DINGELL [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 4

  Resolved, That the Clerk be instructed to inform the President of the 
United States that the House of Representatives has elected John A. 
Boehner, a Representative from the State of Ohio as Speaker, and Karen L. 
Haas, a citizen of the State of Maryland as Clerk, of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. CANTOR. Mr. Speaker, I offer a privileged resolution and 
    ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

    Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Twelfth Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Twelfth Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, with amendments to 
the standing rules as provided in section 2, and with other orders as 
provided in sections 3, 4, and 5. . . .

        Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California (during the reading). Madam 
    Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to dispense with the reading of 
    the motion.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from California?
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous 
    question is ordered on the motion to commit.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion to 
    commit.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.

                                 recorded vote

        Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. Madam Speaker, I demand a 
    recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    194, nays 229, not voting 6, as follows: . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Thomas] Latham [of Iowa]). The 
    question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, on that I 
    demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    228, nays 196, not voting 5, as follows: . . 
    .                          -------------------

         APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE TO NOTIFY THE PRESIDENT, 
                         PURSUANT TO HOUSE RESOLUTION 3

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(19) Without objection, 
    pursuant to House Resolution 3, the Chair announces the Speaker's 
    appointment of the following Members to the committee on the part 
    of the House to join a committee on the part of the Senate to 
    notify the President of the United States that a quorum of each 
    House has assembled and that Congress is ready to receive any 
    communication that he may be pleased to make:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. Jo Ann Emerson (MO).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Cantor) and
        The gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi).
        There was no objection. . . 
    .                          -------------------

         FIXING THE DAILY HOUR OF MEETING OF THE FIRST SESSION OF THE 
                               113TH CONGRESS    

        Mr. [Pete] SESSIONS [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 9

  Resolved, That unless otherwise ordered, the hour of daily meeting of the 
House shall be 2 p.m. on Monday; noon on Tuesdays (or 2 p.m. if no 
legislative business was conducted on the preceding Monday); noon on 
Wednesdays and Thursdays; and 9 a.m. on all other days of the week.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Announcements

Sec. 5.2 Following the election of the Speaker of the House on opening 
    day of a new Congress, the Speaker may make announcements to the 
    body regarding events occurring during sine die adjournment, such 
    as the appointment of individuals to boards and commissions.

    On January 4, 1995,(20) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. 141 Cong. Rec. 559, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           APPOINTMENTS AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT AND FOLLOWING THE 
         PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL ADDITION OF THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD 
                             OF THE 103RD CONGRESS

        Pursuant to the provisions of section 303(a) of Public Law 103-
    3, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994 
    authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint 
    commissions, boards and committees authorized by law or by the 
    House, the Speaker on Thursday, December 22, 1994 did appoint to 
    the Commission on Leave the following Member of the House to fill 
    the existing vacancy thereon:
        Mrs. Schroeder of Colorado.
        Pursuant to the provisions of section 270002 of Public Law 103-
    322, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994 
    authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint 
    commissions, boards and committees authorized by law or by the 
    House, the Speaker on Thursday, December 22, 1994, did appoint to 
    the National Commission on Crime Prevention and Control the 
    following members on the part of the House:
        Mr. Thomas F. Railsback, Moline, IL.
        Mr. Werner W. Brandt, Arlington, VA.
        And on January 3, 1995 did also appoint:
        Mr. Jeffrey A. Teitz, Newport, RI.
        Mr. Larry Erickson, Spokane, WA.
        Mr. Jonathan R. Yarowsky, Washington, DC.
        Mr. Michael J. O'Neill, Oakton, VA.
        Pursuant to the provisions of section 1 of 2 U.S.C. 154, as 
    amended by section 1 of Public Law 102-246, and the order of the 
    House of Friday, October 7, 1994 authorizing the Speaker and the 
    minority leader to accept resignations and to make appointments 
    authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Friday, December 
    23, 1994 did appoint to the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board 
    the following members on the part of the House:
        Mr. Peter Lynch, Boston, MA to fill the unexpired term of Mr. 
    Robert Rubin.
        Mr. Thomas S. Foley, Washington, DC, to a 4-year term.
        and on Tuesday, January 3, 1995 did also appoint:
        Mr. Lawrence Tisch, New York, NY, to a 2-year term.



Sec. 6. Adoption of Rules

    After the House has completed the initial organizational steps of 
conducting the quorum call for Members-elect, electing the Speaker (and 
other officers), and administering the oath of office to the 
membership, it is ready to proceed to the adoption of standing 
rules.(1) Before the standing rules are adopted, the House 
is not technically bound by any particular rules of procedure (apart 
from those required under the Constitution). The rules of the prior 
Congress are no longer applicable in the new Congress.(2) 
Instead, the House proceeds under what is termed ``general 
parliamentary law.''(3) General parliamentary law is not a 
written set of procedures but represents instead the customs and 
precedents common to all legislative bodies. The House will look to a 
variety of sources to determine the scope of general parliamentary law, 
including Thomas Jefferson's Manual of Parliamentary Practice, the 
rules and precedents of the House in prior Congresses, and the 
experience of other parliamentary bodies such as state legislatures.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: The adoption of rules usually proceeds 
        after the adoption of resolutions notifying the Senate and the 
        President that the House has assembled, but there have been 
        variations in this practice. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 10.3.
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: From 1860 to 1890, the standing rules of 
        the House contained a provision purporting to extend their 
        authority into ``succeeding'' Congresses as well. The efficacy 
        of this provision was occasionally questioned by Members. 
        Today, only certain provisions recognized as part of general 
        parliamentary law are considered applicable prior to the 
        adoption of rules. See 5 Hinds' Precedents Sec. Sec. 6743-6748.
 3. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Formerly, the resolution adopting the standing rules was offered by 
the Member who served as chair of the Committee on Rules in the prior 
Congress.(4) However, beginning in the 94th Congress in 
1975, this role has been assumed by the Majority Leader.(5) 
The resolution adopting the standing rules may be withdrawn as a matter 
of right (unanimous consent is not required)(6) or postponed 
to a date certain.(7) As the resolution adopting rules 
constitutes a question of privilege, the Chair has the discretion to 
recognize a Member to offer such resolution over another Member 
attempting to raise a different question of privilege.(8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.4.
 5. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H7 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
 6. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.6.
 7. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.7.
 8. See Sec. 6.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The resolution adopting the standing rules is most often considered 
under the ``hour rule,'' which permits the offeror one hour of debate 
and the ability to offer certain motions recognized under general 
parliamentary law (such as the motion for the previous question). 
Traditionally, the offeror will yield half of the time to a Member from 
the minority party for debate only. When debate has concluded, the 
offeror will move the previous question on the resolution, and, if 
ordered, the House will come to a final vote on adopting the standing 
rules.(9) However, in two recent instances, the House first 
adopted a separate resolution constituting a special order of business 
for consideration of the resolution adopting the standing 
rules.(10) In both cases, the special order provided for 
consideration of the resolution adopting rules in portions (such 
resolution normally being indivisible).(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. Parliamentarian's Note: Prior to the 97th Congress in 1981, the 
        minority party would often seek to offer changes to the 
        standing rules by advocating the defeat of the previous 
        question so that a motion to amend would then be in order. See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 10.9, 10.10. Beginning in 
        the 97th Congress, the procedural mechanism for suggesting 
        amendments to the rules switched to a motion to commit the 
        resolution adopting rules to a select committee composed of 
        Members from the leadership of each party. Beginning in the 
        113th Congress in 2013, the minority party began to employ both 
        of these procedural tactics for advocating changes to the 
        standing rules. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5 Sec. 5.
10. See Sec. 6.10, infra.
11. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.8.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Traditionally, the legislative text adopting the standing rules of 
the House will take the form of a resolution declaring that the rules 
of the prior Congress shall be the rules of the current 
Congress.(12) However, it is virtually always the case that 
the House in the new Congress will wish to make various amendments to 
the standing rules, in which case the resolution will typically propose 
that the rules of the prior Congress be adopted with a series of 
discrete amendments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. For example, the resolution adopting the standing rules of the 79th 
        Congress (1945) simply stated that: ``Resolved; that the rules 
        of the Seventy-eighth Congress be, and they are hereby adopted 
        as the rules of the Seventy-ninth Congress.'' 91 Cong. Rec. 10, 
        79th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1945). See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Until the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, there were few 
procedural rules of the House contained in public law. However, that 
act and the subsequent Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 were both 
enacted into law as part of Congress's rulemaking authority, and thus 
certain provisions of those statutes operate as rules of the House. 
Because the House is not bound by rules in existence prior to the 
convening of a Congress (even rules contained in law),(13) 
such rulemaking contained in statute must be formally accepted and 
reaffirmed by each subsequent Congress. The House does this by 
affirmatively acknowledging such rulemaking in the resolution adopting 
the standing rules of the House, and in doing so accepts as binding 
those rules contained in law.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 10.1, 12.9.
14. For example, the resolution adopting the rules for the 92d Congress 
        (1971) contained the following language: ``Resolved, That the 
        Rules of the House of Representatives of the Ninety-first 
        Congress, together with all applicable provisions of the 
        Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, as amended, and the 
        Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970, as amended, be, and 
        they are hereby adopted as the Rules of the House of 
        Representatives for the Ninety-second Congress.'' 117 Cong. 
        Rec. 14, 92d Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 21, 1971).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Over time, the number of laws containing congressional rulemaking 
provisions gradually expanded. Beginning with the 95th Congress, the 
resolution adopting the standing rules specified that ``all applicable 
provisions of law which constituted the Rules of the House'' at the end 
of the prior Congress shall be considered rules of the House for the 
current Congress, and this language has been used in adopting the 
standing rules in every subsequent Congress.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 99th Congress, language was added to 
        cover rulemaking contained in concurrent resolutions of both 
        Houses, in addition to rulemaking contained in statute. 131 
        Cong. Rec. 393, 99th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1985).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Beginning in the 104th Congress, the House began to incorporate 
free-standing orders of the House into the resolution adopting the 
standing rules. Such orders are functionally equivalent to rules of the 
House and operate with the same binding effect.(16) They are 
customarily contained in a separate section (or sections) of the 
resolution adopting the standing rules.(17) The resolution 
adopting the standing rules has also contained language proposing a 
special order of business for the consideration of legislative 
measures.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. For more on the rules of the House generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 5 Sec. Sec. 1-7 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5.
17. The resolution adopting the standing rules for the 114th Congress 
        (2015) contained the following language: ``Resolved, That the 
        Rules of the House of Representatives of the One Hundred 
        Thirteenth Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
        concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at 
        the end of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, are adopted as 
        the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One Hundred 
        Fourteenth Congress, with amendments to the standing rules as 
        provided in section 2, and with other orders as provided in 
        sections 3, 4, and 5.'' 161 Cong. Rec. H7 [Daily Ed.], 114th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 2015).
18. See, e.g., 141 Cong. Rec. 462-69, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 4, 
        1995) and 153 Cong. Rec. 19-24, 110th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 4, 
        2007).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 106th Congress, the resolution adopting the standing rules 
took a slightly different form than the one traditionally used, due to 
the fact that the rules were substantially reorganized to present a 
more coherent arrangement. Thus, the standing rules of the prior 
Congress were carried forward, but amended ``to read as follows'' (with 
the text of the standing rules then presented in their newly 
reorganized form).(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 145 Cong. Rec. 47-223, 106th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 1999).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    During consideration of the resolution to adopt the standing rules, 
the Speaker may rule on points of order (such as enforcing the 
requirement of relevancy in debate),(20) but the Speaker 
does not rule on the constitutionality of any of the proposed 
rules.(21) As a matter of general parliamentary 
law,(22) the Speaker may enforce rules of 
decorum,(23) including admonishing guests in the gallery for 
inappropriate behavior.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. See Sec. 6.7, infra.
21. See Sec. 6.8, infra.
22. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5. For earlier discussions of general 
        parliamentary law, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 1, 
        10.
23. See Sec. 6.5, infra.
24. See Sec. 6.6, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Speaker may participate in debate on the resolution adopting 
rules,(25) and in one instance, a newly-elected Speaker (in 
his opening remarks to the body) addressed proposed changes in the 
rules regarding committee jurisdiction.(26)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.11.
26. 149 Cong. Rec. 4-6, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 2003).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Following adoption of the resolution adopting the standing rules, 
the House may authorize the Clerk to make technical changes in the 
engrossment to correct errors.(27)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 10.12.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

House Rules and General Parliamentary Law

Sec. 6.1 On opening day of a new Congress, following the election of 
    Speaker, the swearing in of the membership en masse, and the 
    adoption of resolutions to notify the Senate and President that a 
    quorum of the House has assembled, the Chair recognizes a Member to 
    offer a resolution adopting the standing rules of the House.

    On January 3, 2013,(28) the Majority Leader was 
recognized to offer a resolution adopting the standing rules of the 
House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 159 Cong. Rec. H6, H9 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Eric] CANTOR [of Virginia]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

    Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Twelfth Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Twelfth Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, with amendments to 
the standing rules as provided in section 2, and with other orders as 
provided in sections 3, 4, and 5. . . .

        Mr. CANTOR (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the resolution be considered as read and printed in 
    the Record.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Patrick (Pat)] Tiberi [of Ohio]). 
    Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Virginia?
        There was no objection.

Announcements

Sec. 6.2 Prior to the adoption of rules, the Speaker may make 
    announcements regarding policies for the conduct of votes by 
    electronic device.

    On January 4, 1995,(29) during organization of the 104th 
Congress, the following announcement was made by the Speaker:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 141 Cong. Rec. 457, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          announcement by the speaker

        The SPEAKER.(30) The Chair wishes to enunciate a 
    clear policy with respect to the conduct of electronic votes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        As Members are aware, clause 5 of rule XV provides that Members 
    shall have not less than 15 minutes in which to answer an ordinary 
    roll call vote or quorum call. The rule obviously establishes 15 
    minutes as a minimum. Still, with the cooperation of the Members, a 
    vote can easily be completed in that time. On occasion, the Chair 
    has announced, and then strictly enforced, a policy of closing 
    electronic votes as soon as possible after the guaranteed period of 
    15 minutes. Members appreciated and cooperated with the Chair's 
    enforcement of the policy on that occasion.
        The Chair desires that those examples be made the regular 
    practice of the House. To that end, the Chair enlists the 
    assistance of all Members in avoiding the unnecessary loss of time 
    in conducting the business of the House. The Chair encourages all 
    Members to depart for the Chamber promptly upon the appropriate 
    bell and light signal. As in recent Congresses, the cloakrooms 
    should not forward to the Chair requests to hold a vote by 
    electronic device, but should simply apprise inquiring Members of 
    the time remaining on the voting clock.
        Although no occupant of the chair would prevent a Member who is 
    in the well of the Chamber before the announcement of the result 
    from casting his or her vote, each occupant of the chair will have 
    the full support of the Speaker in striving to close each 
    electronic vote at the earliest opportunity. Members should not 
    rely on signals relayed from outside the Chamber to assume that 
    votes will be held open until they arrive in the Chamber.

Unanimous-Consent Requests

Sec. 6.3 Prior to the adoption of rules, the Majority Leader offered a 
    unanimous-consent request to establish a procedure for 
    consideration of the resolution adopting the standing rules of the 
    House (a request that drew objection).(31)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. Parliamentarian's Note: After this unanimous-consent request drew 
        objection, the Majority Leader offered a resolution that was 
        effectively a special order of business to structure 
        consideration of the resolution adopting the standing rules. 
        See Sec. 6.10, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 4, 1995,(32) the following unanimous-consent 
request was made by the Majority Leader:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 141 Cong. Rec. 447-48, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          MAKING IN ORDER IMMEDIATE CONSIDERATION OF HOUSE RESOLUTION 
          ADOPTING THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FOR THE 
                                 104TH CONGRESS

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that it be in order immediately to consider in the House a 
    resolution adopting the rules of the House of Representatives for 
    the 104th Congress; that the resolution be considered as read; that 
    the resolution be debatable initially for 30 minutes, to be equally 
    divided and controlled by the majority leader and the minority 
    leader, or their designees; that the previous question be 
    considered as ordered on the resolution to final adoption without 
    intervening motion or demand for division of the question, except 
    that the question of adopting the resolution shall be divided among 
    nine parts, to wit: Each of the eight sections of title I, and then 
    title II; each portion of the divided question shall be debatable 
    separately for 20 minutes, to be equally divided and controlled by 
    the majority leader and the minority leader, or their designees, 
    and shall be disposed of in the order stated, but if the yeas and 
    nays are ordered on the question of adopting any portion of the 
    divided question, the Speaker may postpone further proceedings on 
    that question until a later time during the consideration of the 
    resolution; and, pending the question of adopting the ninth portion 
    of the divided question, it shall be in order to move the previous 
    question thereon, and if the previous question is ordered, to move 
    that the House commit the resolution to a select committee, with or 
    without instructions, and that the previous question be considered 
    as ordered on the motion to commit to final adoption without 
    intervening motion.
        The SPEAKER.(33) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Reserving the right to 
    object, Mr. Speaker, under my reservation I would like to ask the 
    gentleman from Texas [Mr. Armey] several questions about his 
    unanimous-consent request.
        First of all, does the gentleman's request allow us to offer an 
    amendment to ban gifts by lobbyists?
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
        Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gentleman from Texas.
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I say to the gentleman. You are 
    entitled under the rules to offer a germane amendment in your 
    motion to commit if it is ruled by the Parliamentarian that such an 
    amendment is germane.
        Mr. BONIOR. Further reserving the right to object. Mr. Speaker, 
    I would propound to my distinguished friend from Texas another 
    question:
        Is your request an open amendment process which allows Members 
    the opportunity to offer germane amendments? We have the 
    opportunity to offer germane amendments?
        Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman would yield, I am advised by the 
    gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon], the chairman of the 
    Committee on Rules, that the rule is more open than any we have 
    ever had in the past.
        Mr. BONIOR. Is the gentleman saying that no amendments are in 
    order under the request and this is a closed rule?
        Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman would yield, there are plenty of 
    amendments in order.
        Mr. BONIOR. Does this afford the minority a right to offer an 
    amendment. I would ask the gentleman from Texas?
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman would yield, I am 
    again advised by the gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon], the 
    chairman of the Committee on Rules, that my colleague can include 
    any amendment he wants in the motion to commit so long as it meets 
    the test of germaneness.
        Mr. BONIOR. Will we have time to debate the motion to commit?
        Mr. ARMEY. I believe under the rules of the House it is a 
    nondebatable motion.
        Mr. BONIOR. So we can offer the motion and we cannot debate it?
        Mr. ARMEY. If the gentleman would yield, there will be about 
    3\1/2\, hours of debate, and it is the judgment of this Member that 
    there will be plenty of opportunity within that time since time 
    will be allocated to the minority for debate purposes to make the 
    points that the gentleman might want to make related to their 
    motion to commit.
        It is a common practice that we used many times when we were in 
    the minority exercising our prerogative to make a motion to commit.
        Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, it is my understanding we will not be 
    able to offer amendments on the motion the gentleman has put 
    forward, and that we will not be able, for instance, to offer the 
    amendment that we wish to offer on the gift ban.
        In fact, I would ask another question of my friend. Does this 
    request envision a division of the open-amendment process for the 
    Congressional Accountability Act to be considered at the end of the 
    day?
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
        Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gentleman from Texas.
        Mr. ARMEY. Perhaps at this point I might address the Speaker 
    and express my wonderment as to whether or not the gentleman is 
    going to make an objection.
        Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, reserving my right to object, let me 
    just say that given that the gentleman has informed the House that 
    he is requesting two completely closed rules, two gag rules, I 
    might add, on the first day of the Congress, I object.
        The SPEAKER. An objection has been heard.
        The Chair now recognizes the distinguished gentleman from New 
    York [Mr. Solomon].

Sec. 6.4 Prior to the adoption of rules, a motion to commit a pending 
    resolution is in order after the previous question has been ordered 
    thereon, and a unanimous-consent request to dispense with the 
    reading of the motion is also in order.

    On January 3, 2013,(34) the following motion was made 
with respect to the resolution adopting the standing rules of the 
House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 159 Cong. Rec. H20-H21 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                Motion to Commit

        Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. Madam Speaker, I have a motion 
    to commit at the desk.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. [Jo Ann] Emerson [of Missouri]). 
    The Clerk will report the motion.
        The Clerk read as follows:

  Mr. George Miller of California moves that the resolution (H. Res. 5) be 
committed to a select committee composed of the Majority Leader and the 
Minority Leader with instructions to report it forthwith back to the House 
with the following amendment:

  At the end of the resolution, add the following new sections:

  SEC. 6. TO SHORTEN VOTING LINES AND PROTECT EARLY VOTING OPPORTUNITIES.

  Not later than January 31, 2013, the Speaker shall, pursuant to clause 
2(b) of rule XVIII, declare the House resolved into the Committee of the 
Whole House on the state of the Union for consideration of a bill 
consisting of the text specified in section 8 of this resolution, to amend 
the Help America Vote Act of 2002 to promote early voting in elections for 
Federal office and to prevent unreasonable waiting times for voters at 
polling places used in such elections, and for other purposes. The first 
reading of the bill shall be dispensed with. All points of order against 
consideration of the bill are waived. General debate shall be confined to 
the bill and shall not exceed one hour equally divided and controlled by 
the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on House 
Administration. After general debate the bill shall be considered for 
amendment under the five-minute rule. All points of order against 
provisions in the bill are waived. At the conclusion of consideration of 
the bill for amendment the Committee shall rise and report the bill to the 
House with such amendments as may have been adopted. The previous question 
shall be considered as ordered on the bill and amendments thereto to final 
passage without intervening motion except one motion to recommit with or 
without instructions. If the Committee of the Whole rises and reports that 
it has come to no resolution on the bill, then on the next legislative day 
the House shall, immediately after the third daily order of business under 
clause 1 of rule XIV, resolve into the Committee of the Whole for further 
consideration of the bill.

  Sec. 7. Clause 1(c) of rule XIX shall not apply to the consideration of 
the bill specified in section 8 of this resolution.

  Sec. 8. The text referred to in section 6 is as follows:

  Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``Streamlined and Improved Methods at 
Polling Locations and Early (SIMPLE) Voting Act of 2013''.

SEC. 2. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR EARLY VOTING AND FOR REDUCING WAITING 
TIMES FOR VOTERS IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.

  (a) Requirements for States.--

  (1) In general.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote Act of 
2002 (42 U.S.C. 15481 et seq.) is amended--

  (A) by redesignating sections 304 and 305 as sections 306 and 307; and

  (B) by inserting after section 303 the following new sections:

``SEC. 304. EARLY VOTING.

  ``(a) In General.--Each State shall allow individuals to vote in an 
election for Federal office on each day occurring during the 15-day period 
which ends on the second day immediately preceding the date of the 
election, in the same manner as voting is allowed on such date.

  ``(b) Minimum Early Voting Requirements.--Each polling place which allows 
voting prior to the date of a Federal election pursuant to subsection (a) 
shall--

  ``(1) allow such voting for not less than 10 hours on each day; and

  ``(2) have uniform hours each day for which such voting occurs.

  ``(c) Location of Polling Places Near Public Transportation.--To the 
greatest extent practicable, a State shall ensure that each polling place 
which allows voting prior to the date of a Federal election pursuant to 
subsection (a) is located within reasonable walking distance of a stop on a 
public transportation route.

  ``(d) Standards.--

  ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall issue standards for the 
administration of voting prior to the date scheduled for a Federal 
election. Such standards shall include the nondiscriminatory geographic 
placement of polling places at which such voting occurs.

  ``(2) Deviation.--The standards described in paragraph (1) shall permit 
States, upon providing adequate public notice, to deviate from any 
requirement in the case of unforeseen circumstances such as a natural 
disaster, terrorist attack, or a change in voter turnout.

  ``(e) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to elections 
held on or after January 1, 2014.

``SEC. 305. PREVENTING UNREASONABLE WAITING TIMES FOR VOTERS.

  ``(a) Preventing Unreasonable Waiting Times.--

  ``(1) In general.--Each State shall provide a sufficient number of voting 
systems, poll workers, and other election resources (including physical 
resources) at a polling place used in any election for Federal office, 
including a polling place at which individuals may cast ballots prior to 
the date of the election, to ensure--

  ``(A) a fair and equitable waiting time for all voters in the State; and

  ``(B) that no individual will be required to wait longer than one hour to 
cast a ballot at the polling place.

  ``(2) Criteria.--In determining the number of voting systems, poll 
workers, and other election resources provided at a polling place for 
purposes of paragraph (1), the State shall take into account the following 
factors:

  ``(A) The voting age population.

  ``(B) Voter turnout in past elections.

  ``(C) The number of voters registered.

  ``(D) The number of voters who have registered since the most recent 
Federal election.

  ``(E) Census data for the population served by the polling place, such as 
the proportion of the voting-age population who are under 25 years of age 
or who are naturalized citizens.

  ``(F) The needs and numbers of voters with disabilities and voters with 
limited English proficiency.

  ``(G) The type of voting systems used.

  ``(H) The length and complexity of initiatives, referenda, and other 
questions on the ballot.

  ``(I) Such other factors, including relevant demographic factors relating 
to the population served by the polling place, as the State considers 
appropriate.

  ``(3) Guidelines.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this section, the Commission shall establish and publish 
guidelines to assist States in meeting the requirements of this subsection.

  ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may be construed 
to authorize a State to meet the requirements of this subsection by closing 
any polling place, prohibiting an individual from entering a line at a 
polling place, or refusing to permit an individual who has arrived at a 
polling place prior to closing time from voting at the polling place.

  ``(b) Development and Implementation of Contingency Plans.--

  ``(1) In general.--Each State shall develop, and implement to the 
greatest extent practicable, a contingency plan under which the State shall 
provide additional poll workers, machines, ballots, and other equipment and 
supplies (as the case may be) on the date of the election to any polling 
place used in an election for Federal office, including a polling place at 
which individuals may cast ballots prior to the date of the election, at 
which waiting times exceed one hour.

  ``(2) Approval of plan by commission.--The State shall ensure that the 
contingency plan developed under paragraph (1) is approved by the 
Commission prior to the date of the election involved, in accordance with 
such procedures as the Commission may establish.

  ``(c) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to elections 
held on or after January 1, 2014.''.

  (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is amended--

  (A) by redesignating the items relating to sections 304 and 305 as 
relating to sections 306 and 307; and

  (B) by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the following new 
items:

``SEC. 304. EARLY VOTING.

``SEC. 305. PREVENTING UNREASONABLE WAITING TIMES FOR VOTERS.''.

  (b) Report by Election Assistance Commission.--Not later than June 30 of 
each odd-numbered year, the Election Assistance Commission shall submit to 
Congress a report assessing the impact of sections 304 and 305 of the Help 
America Vote Act of 2002 (as added by subsection (a)) on the administration 
of elections for Federal office during the preceding 2-year period, and 
shall include in the report such recommendations as the Commission 
considers appropriate.

  (c) No Effect on Authority of State to Provide for Longer Periods of 
Early Voting or Greater Amount of Resources at Polling Places.--Nothing in 
this section or in any amendment made by this section may be construed to 
prohibit a State, with respect to any election for Federal office--

  (1) from providing (in an equitable and nondiscriminatory manner) a 
longer period for early voting than the minimum period required under 
section 304 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (as added by subsection 
(a)); or

  (2) from providing (in an equitable and nondiscriminatory manner) a 
greater number of systems, poll workers, and other election resources at 
any polling place than the minimum number required under section 305 of 
such Act (as added by subsection (a)).

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS FOR COUNTING PROVISIONAL BALLOTS; ESTABLISHMENT OF 
UNIFORM AND NONDISCRIMINATORY STANDARDS.

  (a) In General.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (42 
U.S.C. 15482) is amended--

  (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (f); and

  (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new subsections:

  ``(d) Statewide Counting of Provisional Ballots.--

  ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a)(4), notwithstanding the 
precinct or polling place at which a provisional ballot is cast within the 
State, the appropriate election official shall count each vote on such 
ballot for each election in which the individual who cast such ballot is 
eligible to vote.

  ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with respect to 
elections held on or after January 1, 2014.

  ``(e) Uniform and Nondiscriminatory Standards.--

  ``(1) In general.--Consistent with the requirements of this section, each 
State shall establish uniform and nondiscriminatory standards for the 
issuance, handling, and counting of provisional ballots.

  ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with respect to 
elections held on or after January 1, 2014.''.

  (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(f) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
15482(f)), as redesignated by subsection (a), is amended by striking ``Each 
State'' and inserting ``Except as provided in subsections (d)(2) and 
(e)(2), each State''.

SEC. 4. AVAILABILITY OF CIVIL PENALTIES AND PRIVATE RIGHTS OF ACTION TO 
ENFORCE HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 2002.

  (a) Availability of Civil Penalties and Private Rights of Action.--
Section 401 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 15511) is 
amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 401. ENFORCEMENT.

  ``(a) Action by Attorney General.--

  ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General may bring a civil action against 
any State or jurisdiction in an appropriate United States District Court 
for such declaratory and injunctive relief (including a temporary 
restraining order, a permanent or temporary injunction, or other order) as 
may be necessary to carry out the requirements of subtitle A of title III.

  ``(2) Assessment of civil money penalty.--In a civil action brought under 
paragraph (1), if the court finds that the State or jurisdiction violated 
any provision of subtitle A of title III, it may, to vindicate the public 
interest, assess a civil penalty against the State or jurisdiction--

  ``(A) in an amount not to exceed $110,000 for each such violation, in the 
case of a first violation; or

  ``(B) in an amount not to exceed $220,000 for each such violation, for 
any subsequent violation.

  ``(3) Intervention.--Upon timely application, a person aggrieved by a 
violation of subtitle A of title III with respect to which a civil action 
is commenced under paragraph (1) may intervene in such action, and may 
obtain such appropriate relief as the person could obtain in a civil action 
under subsection (b) with respect to that violation, along with costs and a 
reasonable attorney fee.

  ``(4) Report to congress.--Not later than December 31 of each year, the 
Attorney General shall submit to Congress an annual report on any civil 
action brought under paragraph (1) during the preceding year.

  ``(b) Private Right of Action.--

  ``(1) Availability.--A person who is aggrieved by a State's or 
jurisdiction's violation of subtitle A of title III may bring a civil 
action in an appropriate United States District Court for such declaratory 
or injunctive relief as may be necessary to carry out the requirements of 
such subtitle.

  ``(2) Costs and attorney fees.--The court may award to a person aggrieved 
by a violation of subtitle A of title III who prevails in an action brought 
under paragraph (1) the costs of the action, including a reasonable 
attorney fee.''.

  (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is amended by 
amending the item relating to section 401 to read as follows:

``SEC. 401. ENFORCEMENT.''.

  (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall apply with 
respect to violations alleged to have occurred on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

        Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California (during the reading). Madam 
    Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to dispense with the reading of 
    the motion.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from California?
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous 
    question is ordered on the motion to commit.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion to 
    commit.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.

                                 Recorded Vote

        Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. Madam Speaker, I demand a 
    recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    194, nays 229, not voting 6, as follows: . . .

Admonitions

Sec. 6.5 Prior to the adoption of rules, the Speaker may maintain 
    decorum by directing a Member who had not been recognized in debate 
    beyond an allotted time to be removed from the well, and by 
    directing the Sergeant-at-Arms to present the mace as the 
    traditional symbol of order.

    On January 3, 1991,(35) the following occurred during 
consideration of the resolution adopting the standing rules:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 137 Cong. Rec. 39, 58, 59, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 5) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

  Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred First Congress, including all applicable provisions of law and 
concurrent resolutions adopted pursuant thereto which constituted the Rules 
of the House at the end of the One Hundred First Congress, be, and they are 
hereby, adopted as the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Second Congress, with the following amendments included therein as 
part thereof, to wit: . . .

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(36) The gentleman from New 
    York [Mr. Solomon] has 1 minute remaining.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. Steny Hoyer (MD).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I yield such 
    time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Connecticut [Mrs. 
    Johnson].
        Mrs. [Nancy Lee] JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I thank 
    the gentleman for yielding me this time.
        Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong opposition to the substance of 
    this proposal, and with deep concern for the subversion of the 
    legislative process contained in this package.
        The substance strikes at the heart of the budget agreement. The 
    process strikes at the heart of democracy, and so I am going to use 
    such time as I may consume, and I am not going to recognize the 
    authority of the Speaker's gavel, because I want to make very clear 
    the implications of what is happening here.
        First of all, this House is operating under precedent, not 
    under rule. Precedent is something that we honor because we hold 
    ourselves to a standard of ethical conduct that requires honoring 
    our rules.
        If we do not hold ourselves to that standard of ethical 
    conduct, then the line between self-government and chaos 
    disintegrates. If we cannot operate ethically, we cannot govern 
    ourselves as a free nation. So, honor is everything; word is bond.
        I choose not to be governed by the gavel, because I want to 
    demonstrate that where word is not bond, democracy cannot survive. 
    . . .
        If we were doing that here today, democracy in its gut and at 
    the level of trust that it demands would not be at risk; but the 
    majority party is not proposing a statutory change for which they 
    could be held accountable.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has 
    expired.

        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. The majority party is proposing a 
    rules change.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would state to the 
    gentlewoman that whatever point she is trying to make that the 
    Chair is going to make a point.
        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. It does not change the law.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The House will operate under proper 
    decorum.
        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Rather through the rule, they are 
    intending to abrogate the content and meaning of the law. One could 
    ask one's self, why is this happening today? It is happening for a 
    very simple reason. It is happening for the same simple reason that 
    Wall Street was crippled by greed. On Wall Street individual greed 
    took precedence over that code of conduct that had in the past 
    regulated business decisions, the conduct of business, on Wall 
    Street.
        What is happening here is that individual desire for spending 
    programs is overriding the public interest in deficit reduction.
        Mr. [Gerald] SIKORSKI [of Minnesota]. Mr. Speaker, regular 
    order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentlewoman is out of order. The 
    gentlewoman is making the point of not following the rules.
        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I am sorry. I know 
    this is unpleasant.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentlewoman will remove herself 
    from the well within 30 seconds. . . .

                                 point of order

        Mr. [Henry] GONZALEZ [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a point 
    of order. I rise to a point of order, Mr. Speaker.
        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. As I said, I am not going to talk 
    at length but only for the very few minutes necessary to make clear 
    my concern with the substance and process violations in this rules 
    proposal.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his point of 
    order.
        Mr. GONZALEZ. The gentlewoman is out of order and is defying 
    the Chair's ruling and, therefore, I am imploring the Chair to 
    exercise its authority to enforce the rules of the House by 
    summoning the Sergeant at Arms and presenting the mace.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair may do that.
        Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. I regret that the majority party 
    on such an important matter refused to allow Members the time we 
    need, and I particularly regret this demonstration of oppression of 
    the minority as democracy simply cannot survive if the minority's 
    right to debate is deeply compromised. We must do better than this 
    in the months ahead. We must reject these rules. We must come back 
    with a rules package that honors statutory law and that does not 
    seek to change law through the subterfuge of rules changes. We must 
    come back with a package that honors the standard of ethical 
    conduct on which this House has always depended.
        I thank the Speaker.

Sec. 6.6 Prior to adoption of the rules, the Speaker quells 
    demonstrations of approval or disapproval by visitors in the 
    gallery.

    On January 4, 1995,(37) the Speaker made the following 
announcement during consideration of the resolution adopting the 
standing rules of the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. 141 Cong. Rec. 454, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          announcement by the speaker

        The SPEAKER.(38) There are to be no demonstrations 
    in the gallery. Those in the gallery are here as guests of the 
    House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute 
    to the gentleman from Florida [Mr. Peterson].

Points of Order and Parliamentary Inquiries

Sec. 6.7 Debate on a resolution providing for adoption of the standing 
    rules of a new Congress must relate to rules of the House, 
    including all applicable provisions of law and concurrent 
    resolutions constituting rules of the House, and may not include 
    debate on whether an entity tangentially related to Congress must 
    disclose its past campaign contributions.

    On January 4, 1995,(39) during consideration of the 
resolution adopting the standing rules, the Chair addressed 
parliamentary inquiries and a point of order regarding relevancy in 
debate:(40)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. 141 Cong. Rec. 499, 502, 503, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
40. For more on the concept of relevancy in debate, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. Sec. 35-39 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        29.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. [Nancy Lee] Johnson of 
    Connecticut). Section 105 of the resolution is now debatable for 20 
    minutes. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Cremeans] will be recognized 
    for 10 minutes, and the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Bonior] will 
    be recognized for 10 minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Cremeans].
        Mr. [Frank] CREMEANS [of Ohio]. Madam Speaker, I yield myself 
    such time as I may consume.
        Today I offer an amendment numbered section 105 to the House 
    rules mandating public access to committee proceedings. The 
    American people have spoken. Less than 2 months ago I was chosen to 
    represent over a half million Ohioans, and today I become their 
    Representative to this body. . . .
        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Madam Speaker, I yield myself 
    such time as I may consume.
        Madam Speaker, the House of Representatives is supposed to be 
    the people's House. This is where the business of the American 
    people is conducted, and the more sunshine that we can shine on 
    these Chambers and these committee rooms, the better off the 
    American people will be.
        The days of backroom deals are over. We make decisions in this 
    building every day that affect every man, woman, and child in this 
    country, and I think the American people have a right to see those 
    decisions being made. But it is also time to shut out the influence 
    of special interests.
        I support this amendment, and I commend those who are offering 
    it, but I do not think it is enough merely to open all meetings to 
    the public. We should be held accountable for all aspects of public 
    life, and that means all political contributions should be 
    disclosed as well. We are required by law to disclose the names of 
    the people who contribute to out political campaigns, and we do. 
    But there are some organizations which have an influence on this 
    body which refuse to disclose who they contribute to, where they 
    get their money from, and I think it is time to change that as 
    well.
        Let me give you one example: There is an organization called 
    GOPAC, which, by some accounts, has played a role in electing over 
    200 Members of this institution. Over the past 9 years, GOPAC has 
    raised between $10 million and $20 million. Many of these 
    contributions come from people who have a direct interest in 
    Federal legislation. We do not know who these people are, where 
    this money came from, because GOPAC has not disclosed the list of 
    its past contributors.
        With deals like this, is it any wonder that the American people 
    think that this Congress is for sale? I think the public has a 
    right to know who these people are, and we should open our meetings 
    and GOPAC needs to open all of its meetings.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Madam Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. SOLOMON. Madam Speaker, is this germane to section 105 of 
    the bill that we are debating, this discussion?
        Mr. BONIOR. Madam Speaker, if I could finish my remarks, I will 
    address my colleague's comments because I think they are good 
    comments. I think it is directly germane.
        Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The remarks should pertain 
    specifically to this portion of the resolution adopting the rules.
        Mr. BONIOR. This portion of the bill deals with open meetings, 
    and that deals with open Government. And if we are going to have 
    open Government, we should make sure that the contributions of the 
    people are reviewed, that we know where they come from, especially 
    as they affect legislation. It seems to me if GOPAC has nothing to 
    hide, then they should have nothing to be afraid of. If GOPAC will 
    not come clean and will not open their books, I think the American 
    people have a right to ask, ``What are they trying to hide?''
        Mr. [William] THOMAS of California. Madam Speaker, the 
    gentleman is not germane.

                                 point of order

        Mr. THOMAS. Madam Speaker, I have a point of order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mrs. Johnson of Connecticut). The 
    gentleman will state his point of order.
        Mr. THOMAS. The gentleman is not germane.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. We will proceed. The gentleman from 
    Ohio [Mr. Cremeans] is recognized.

Sec. 6.8 The Chair does not rule on the constitutionality of a proposed 
    rule, even as a matter of general parliamentary law before adoption 
    of the rules, that being a matter appropriately decided by way of 
    the question of consideration of the resolution or the question of 
    adopting the resolution.

    On January 4, 2005,(41) consideration of the resolution 
adopting the standing rules was interrupted by a point of order, as 
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. 151 Cong. Rec. 42-46, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Thomas] DeLAY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 5) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

  Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Eighth Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Eighth Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Ninth Congress, with amendments to the 
standing rules as provided in section 2 and with other orders as provided 
in section 3. . . .

        Mr. DeLAY (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the resolution be considered as read and printed in 
    the Record.
        The SPEAKER.(42) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.

                                 point of order

        Mr. [Brian] BAIRD [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I rise for a 
    constitutional point of order.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his point of order.
        Mr. BAIRD. Mr. Speaker, the resolution we are preparing to 
    consider, the proposed rules for the 109th Congress, in my judgment 
    violates the United States Constitution which we were just sworn to 
    uphold and defend. It does so by allowing a very limited number of 
    Members, potentially only a handful, to constitute the House of 
    Representatives.

        Article 1, section 5 of the Constitution states that ``each 
    House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and 
    Qualifications of its Members, and a majority of each shall 
    constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a small Number adjourn from 
    day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of 
    absent Members.''
        Unfortunately, H. Res. 5 seeks to allow a small number not just 
    to adjourn or compel attendance, as the Constitution stipulates, 
    but to enact laws, declare war, impeach the President, and fulfill 
    all other article I responsibilities.
        The very first act of the very first Congress of the United 
    States was to recess day after day after day because they lacked a 
    quorum. Just moments ago everyone in this body took an oath to 
    uphold and defend the Constitution, and now our first official vote 
    is by rule to undermine a fundamental principle of that 
    Constitution, i.e., what is a quorum. It is my understanding that 
    the Speaker is reluctant to judge on matters of constitutionality. 
    I respect that. But I would reserve and inform the Speaker it is my 
    intent to ask the question of consideration to be put.
        The SPEAKER. Does any other Member wish to be heard on the 
    point of order?
        The gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier).
        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, let me respond 
    by saying that the gentleman is absolutely right when he states 
    that the Chair does not rule on questions of constitutionality.
        I would also like to say that on this question that is being 
    brought forward by my friend, it is very clear to me based on 
    statements that have been made by a wide range of constitutional 
    scholars that what we are doing in the rules package that we are 
    about to consider is in fact constitutional. In fact, before the 
    Committee on Rules the very distinguished former Solicitor General 
    Walter Dellinger said the following: ``It is simply inconceivable 
    that a Constitution established to provide for the common defense 
    and promote the general welfare would leave the Nation unable to 
    act in precisely the moment of greatest peril. No constitutional 
    amendment is required to enact the proposed rule change because the 
    Constitution as drafted permits the Congress to ensure the 
    preservation of government.''
        Let me further, Mr. Speaker, say that the Committee on Rules 
    intends to conduct further examination of the best way for the 
    House to assure a continuity of government during a national 
    emergency, and it is our hope that as we proceed with this work 
    that further discussions will take place with the members of that 
    very distinguished panel, the Continuity Commission, which included 
    our former colleague, Senator Simpson, and Speakers Foley and 
    Gingrich and former minority leader Bob Michel, Leon Panetta, Kwasi 
    Mfume, and I believe we will have a chance to proceed with this; 
    but I think it would be very appropriate for us to proceed with 
    consideration of the rules package that we have.

        The SPEAKER. Does any other Member wish to be heard on the 
    point of order?
        The gentleman from New York (Mr. Nadler).
        Mr. [Jerrold] NADLER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I rise in 
    support of the point of order. The Constitution defines a quorum to 
    conduct business as the majority of each House.
        The question of course before us in this debate is, a majority 
    of what? What is the denominator in that equation?
        The precedent holds that the total number of the membership of 
    the House is those Members who are chosen, sworn and living and 
    whose membership has not been terminated by action of the House. 
    Removal by action of the House is also a defined term, expulsion by 
    a vote of two-thirds in article 1, section 5.
        The Constitution also gives the House the authority to compel 
    attendance when Members do not answer the call of the Chair in such 
    manner and under such penalties as each House may provide. And, in 
    fact, the Sergeant at Arms has been sent to gather Members by force 
    on prior occasions.
        This amendment before us to the rules gives the Speaker nearly 
    unfettered authority to change the number of the Members of the 
    whole House to exclude Members who are chosen, sworn, and living 
    but who do not answer the call of the Chair. This would seem to 
    amount to a constructive expulsion without a two-thirds vote of the 
    whole House.
        For example, suppose the House is at its full complement of 435 
    Members. A quorum would then be 218. Now, suppose only 400 Members 
    answer the Speaker's call for whatever reason. They are still 
    living. They are still chosen. They are still sworn. They have not 
    been expelled. Now a quorum by order of the Speaker would be 200. 
    The House may conduct its business with only 200 Members present. 
    If this is triggered in a time of national emergency, the 
    consequences could be dire.
        Mr. Speaker, we heard the distinguished chair, or maybe he is 
    only the presumptive chair, of the Committee on Rules, at this 
    point; but in any event, the gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier) 
    said a moment ago that this proposed rules change is constitutional 
    because the Constitution could not have contemplated that the House 
    could not function. But the Constitution did not contemplate that 
    the majority of the Members of the House might in fact be the 
    victims of an act of mass terrorism. Those things were not 
    contemplated at the time.
        The fact is we do need to amend the Constitution to take care 
    of this very serious question; but this provision for the reasons 
    stated by the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Baird), for the 
    reasons that I stated a moment ago, is clearly unconstitutional. 
    Certainly, before we take such a measure, it deserves much more 
    extensive debate and hearings and discussion than it can have by 
    three or four speakers in this context now.
        So I urge that Members take careful consideration to the 
    question of constitutionality here. This may provoke court action, 
    and we should not adopt this now in the context of an overall rules 
    change with this very serious amendment to the Constitution, which 
    is what it amounts to; it cannot receive adequate consideration in 
    terms of its constitutionality either in terms of its merit.

        The SPEAKER. Does any other Member wish to be heard on this 
    point of order?
        The gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. Taylor).
        Mr. [Gary Eugene (Gene)] TAYLOR of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, I 
    realize that September 11 was a tragic day in America, certainly a 
    wake-up call within the States.
        I also remind the Members of this body that in the War of 1812 
    this building was occupied by a foreign army. So for the gentleman 
    from California (Mr. Dreier) to say that they could not have 
    foreseen these circumstances taking place, what in the heck is he 
    talking about? This building was occupied and set on fire by a 
    foreign army. And yet the Congress at that time did not try to 
    change the rules so that a minority within a minority could govern.
        If we are going to amend the Constitution, the gentleman from 
    Washington (Mr. Baird) is exactly right: someone should offer a 
    constitutional amendment. If we are going to change the law, then 
    someone should offer a change to the law; but let us not through 
    the House rules try to rewrite the Constitution of this Nation.
        This Nation has been around for a long time. It is going to be 
    around for a long time, but only if we continue to do things as the 
    Founding Fathers would have wanted us to do them and not some 
    backdoor-approach like this.
        The SPEAKER. Does any other Member wish to be heard on the 
    point of order? If not, the Chair is prepared to rule.
        The gentleman from Washington makes a point of order that the 
    resolution adopting the rules of the House for the 109th Congress 
    is not in order because it contains a provision that the House does 
    not have the constitutional authority to propose.
        As recorded in section 628 of the House Rules and Manual, 
    citing numerous precedents including volume 2 of Hinds' Precedents 
    at sections 1318-1320, the Chair does not determine the 
    constitutionality of a proposition or judge the constitutional 
    competency of the House to take a proposed action, nor does the 
    Chair submit such a question to the House as a question of order. 
    Rather, it is for the House to determine such a question by its 
    disposition of the proposition, such as by voting on the question 
    of its consideration, as recorded in volume 2 of Hinds' Precedents 
    of section 1255, or by voting on the question of its adoption, as 
    recorded in volume 2 of Hinds' Precedents at section 1320. The 
    Chair would apply these precedents even before the adoption of the 
    Rules of the House as a matter of general parliamentary law.
        As such, the House may decide the issues raised by the 
    gentleman by way of the question of consideration of the resolution 
    or the question of adopting the resolution. The point of order is 
    not cognizable.

                          announcement by the speaker

        The SPEAKER. Before the gentleman proceeds, the Chair would 
    like to announce that any Member-elect who failed to take the oath 
    of office may present himself or herself in the well of the House 
    prior to any vote.

                          swearing in of members-elect

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. 
    Slaughter), the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Maloney) and the 
    gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Corrine Brown), kindly come to the 
    well of the House and take the oath of office at this time.
        Ms. Slaughter, Mrs. Maloney and Ms. Corrine Brown of Florida 
    appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of office, as 
    follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God.

        Mr. [Brian] BAIRD [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, consistent with 
    the oath of office that I just took, I would request that the 
    question of consideration be put to the body.
        The SPEAKER. The question is, Will the House now consider House 
    Resolution 5.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. BAIRD. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER. Without objection, this will be an electronic vote 
    on the question of consideration.
        There was no objection.

Questions of Privilege

Sec. 6.9 The Speaker has discretion to recognize a Member to offer a 
    resolution providing for the adoption of standing rules (itself 
    constituting a question of privilege) prior to recognizing another 
    Member to offer, as a question of privilege, another resolution 
    calling into question the constitutionality of the resolution 
    adopting the standing rules.(43)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Parliamentarian's Note: The constitutional issue raised by the 
        purported question of privilege concerned a provision of the 
        resolution adopting the standing rules that would allow 
        Delegates and the Resident Commissioner to vote in the 
        Committee of the Whole. The constitutionality of such provision 
        was upheld in Michel v. Anderson, 14 F.3d 623 (D.C. Cir. 1994). 
        For more on the status of Delegates and the Resident 
        Commissioner generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 7 Sec. 3 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 5, 1993,(44) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. 139 Cong. Rec. 49, 103d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    preferential resolution at the desk involving a question of 
    privileges of the House, and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The SPEAKER.(45) Prior to the adoption of the rules, 
    the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Gephardt] has offered a privileged 
    resolution under the Constitution and the Chair, in his discretion, 
    recognizes the gentleman from Missouri for that purpose.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk will report the resolution.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

    Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Second Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Second Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Third Congress, with the following 
amendments to the standing rules, to wit:

Sec. 6.10 Before the House adopts the standing rules, a Member may 
    offer for immediate consideration a privileged resolution 
    comprising a special order of business for the consideration of the 
    resolution adopting the standing rules.(46)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. For an early example of a special order of business resolution 
        being offered prior to the adoption of the standing rules, see 
        5 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 5450.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 4, 1995,(47) prior to the adoption of the 
standing rules, a resolution was offered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. 141 Cong. Rec. 448, 456, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the House Republican Conference, since there is no Committee on 
    Rules yet, and the Committee on Rules has not met yet to organize 
    and will not until tomorrow, by direction of the Republican 
    Conference, I call up a privileged resolution and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The SPEAKER.(48) The Clerk will report the 
    resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

  Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution it shall be in order 
to consider in the House the resolution (T1H. Res. 6) adopting the Rules of 
the House of Representatives for the One Hundred Fourth Congress. The 
resolution shall be considered as read. The resolution shall be debatable 
initially for 30 minutes to be equally divided and controlled by the 
Majority Leader and the Minority Leader or their designees. The previous 
question shall be considered as ordered on the resolution to final adoption 
without intervening motion or demand for division of the question except as 
specified in sections 2 and 3 of this resolution.

  Sec. 2. The question of adopting the resolution shall be divided among 
nine parts, to wit: each of the eight sections of title I; and title II. 
Each portion of the divided question shall be debatable separately for 20 
minutes, to be equally divided and controlled by the Majority Leader and 
the Minority Leader or their designees, and shall be disposed of in the 
order stated.

  Sec. 3. Pending the question of adopting the ninth portion of the divided 
question, it shall be in order to move that the House commit the resolution 
to a select committee, with or without instructions. The previous question 
shall be considered as ordered on the motion to commit to final adoption 
without intervening motion.

        The SPEAKER. The resolution is a matter of privilege. The 
    gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon] is recognized for 1 hour.
        Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, for the purposes of debate only, I 
    yield 30 minutes to the distinguished minority leader, or in this 
    case the minority whip, or his designee, pending which I yield 
    myself such time as I may consume. . . .
        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to 
    urge every Member of the House to vote ``no'' on the previous 
    question and ``yes'' on the motion to commit.
        The Republican leadership would have us believe that they can 
    pass eight or nine bills in a flurry of legislative accomplishment 
    and debate.
        In fact, there can be no debate; there can be no discussion; 
    there can be no effort to amend, or strengthen, or truly consider 
    any of their proposals.

    Similarly, on January 4, 2007,(49) prior to the adoption 
of the standing rules, a resolution was offered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. 153 Cong. Rec. 7, 110th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 5) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

  Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution it shall be in order 
to consider in the House the resolution (H. Res. 6) adopting the Rules of 
the House of Representatives for the One Hundred Tenth Congress. The 
resolution shall be considered as read. The previous question shall be 
considered as ordered on the resolution to its adoption without intervening 
motion or demand for division of the question except as specified in 
sections 2 through 4 of this resolution.

  Sec. 2. The question of adopting the resolution shall be divided among 
five parts, to wit: each of its five titles. The portion of the divided 
question comprising title I shall be debatable for 30 minutes, equally 
divided and controlled by the majority leader and the minority leader or 
their designees. The portion of the divided question comprising title II 
shall be debatable for 60 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the 
majority leader and the minority leader or their designees. The portion of 
the divided question comprising title III shall be debatable for 60 
minutes, equally divided and controlled by the majority leader and the 
minority leader or their designees. The portion of the divided question 
comprising title IV shall be debatable for 60 minutes, equally divided and 
controlled by the majority leader and the minority leader or their 
designees. The portion of the divided question comprising title V shall be 
debatable for 10 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the majority 
leader and the minority leader or their designees. Each portion of the 
divided question shall be disposed of in the order stated.

  Sec. 3. Pending the question of adopting the final portion of the divided 
question, it shall be in order to move that the House commit the resolution 
to a select committee with or without instructions. The previous question 
shall be considered as ordered on the motion to commit to its adoption 
without intervening motion.

  Sec. 4. During consideration of House Resolution 6 pursuant to this 
resolution, notwithstanding the operation of the previous question, the 
Chair may postpone further consideration of the resolution to a time 
designated by the Speaker.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Steny] Hoyer [of Maryland]). The 
    gentlewoman from New York (Ms. Slaughter) is recognized for 1 hour.
        Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, for the purposes of debate only, I 
    yield the customary 30 minutes to the minority leader or his 
    designee, pending which I yield myself such time as I may consume. 
    During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is for 
    the purpose of debate only.
        The resolution that I am calling up on this historic day, H. 
    Res. 5, provides for the consideration of a rules package, H. Res. 
    6, that we hope will begin to return this Chamber to its rightful 
    place as the home of democracy and deliberation in our great 
    Nation.
        The resolution we are now debating will allow the House to 
    consider and vote on the Democratic rules package in five separate 
    parts. The first title contains the rules package our Republican 
    colleagues adopted in the 109th Congress, while the second through 
    fifth titles contain amendments that will begin a reformation of 
    this body that is long overdue.
        I also include for the Record at this time a detailed summary 
    of the changes H. Res. 6 will make to the standing House rules of 
    the 109th Congress. . . .

Form

Sec. 6.11 The resolution adopting the standing rules at the beginning 
    of a new Congress traditionally takes the form of a simple 
    resolution proposing to carry forward the rules of the prior 
    Congress (including applicable provisions of law or concurrent 
    resolution), with a series of discrete amendments to such rules, 
    and often with additional sections of the resolution carrying 
    separate (free-standing) orders of the House that are applicable 
    for the duration of that Congress.

    On January 3, 2013,(50) the resolution adopting the 
standing rules of the House was offered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. 159 Cong. Rec. H6-H9 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             RULES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Eric] CANTOR [of Virginia]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

    Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Twelfth Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Twelfth Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, with amendments to 
the standing rules as provided in section 2, and with other orders as 
provided in sections 3, 4, and 5.

SEC. 2. CHANGES TO THE STANDING RULES.

  (a) Committee Activity Reports.--In clause 1(d) of rule XI--

  (1) in subparagraph (1), strike ``the 30th day after June 1 and December 
1'' and insert ``January 2 of each year'' and strike ``semiannual'';

  (2) in subparagraph (2)(B), insert ``in each Congress'' after ``first 
such report''; and

  (3) in subparagraph (3), strike ``second or fourth semiannual''.

  (b) Voting.--

  (1) In clause 6 of rule XVIII--

  (A) in subparagraph (b)(3), strike ``five minutes'' and insert ``not less 
than two minutes''; and

  (B) amend paragraph (g) to read as follows:

  ``(g) The Chair may postpone a request for a recorded vote on any 
amendment. The Chair may resume proceedings on a postponed request at any 
time. The Chair may reduce to not less than two minutes the minimum time 
for electronic voting--

  ``(1) on any postponed question that follows another electronic vote 
without intervening business, provided that the minimum time for electronic 
voting on the first in any series of questions shall be 15 minutes; or

  ``(2) on any postponed question taken without intervening debate or 
motion after the Committee of the Whole resumes its sitting if in the 
discretion of the Chair Members would be afforded an adequate opportunity 
to vote.''.

  (2) In rule XX--

  (A) amend clause 8(c) to read as follows:

  ``(c) The Speaker may reduce to five minutes the minimum time for 
electronic voting on a question postponed under this clause, or on a 
question incidental thereto, that--

  ``(1) follows another electronic vote without intervening business, so 
long as the minimum time for electronic voting on the first in any series 
of questions is 15 minutes; or

  ``(2) follows a report from the Committee of the Whole without 
intervening debate or motion if in the discretion of the Speaker Members 
would be afforded an adequate opportunity to vote.''; and

  (B) amend clause 9 to read as follows:

  ``9. The Speaker may reduce to five minutes the minimum time for 
electronic voting--

  ``(a) on any question arising without intervening business after an 
electronic vote on another question if notice of possible five-minute 
voting for a given series of votes was issued before the preceding 
electronic vote;

  ``(b) on any question arising after a report from the Committee of the 
Whole without debate or intervening motion; or

  ``(c) on the question of adoption of a motion to recommit (or ordering 
the previous question thereon) arising without intervening motion or debate 
other than debate on the motion.''.

  (c) Clarifications in Rule X.--In clause 1 of rule X--

  (1) in paragraph (j)(2), strike ``Organization and administration'' and 
insert ``Organization, administration, and general management''; and

  (2) in paragraph (m)(9), strike ``Insular possessions'' and insert 
``Insular areas''.

  (d) Modification of the Ramseyer Rule.--In clause 3(e)(1)(B) of rule 
XIII, insert ``and adjacent provisions if useful to enable the intent and 
effect of the amendment to be clearly understood,'' before ``showing''.

  (e) Changes to the Code of Conduct and the Committee on Ethics.--

  (1) In clause 3(b)(8) of rule XI--

  (A) amend subdivision (A)(ii) to read as follows:

  ``(ii) upon the day of such decision or vote, make a public statement 
that the matter, relating to the referral made by the board of the Office 
of Congressional Ethics regarding the Member, officer, or employee of the 
House who is the subject of the applicable referral, has been extended.''; 
and

  (B) in subdivision (B)(ii)--

  (i) strike ``the committee votes to extend the matter'' and insert ``the 
matter is extended''; and

  (ii) strike ``the committee has voted to extend the matter'' and insert 
``the matter has been extended''.

  (2) In clause 8(c) of rule XXIII--

  (A) strike ``spouse'' in each place it appears and insert (in each 
instance) ``relative'';

  (B) in subparagraph (2), strike ``One Hundred Seventh Congress'' and 
insert ``One Hundred Thirteenth Congress''; and

  (C) add the following new subparagraph:

  ``(3) As used in this paragraph, the term `relative' means an individual 
who is related to the Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner as father, 
mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, first cousin, nephew, 
niece, husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-
in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, stepfather, stepmother, stepson, 
stepdaughter, stepbrother, stepsister, half brother, half sister, grandson, 
or granddaughter.''.

  (3) In clause 13 of rule XXIII, strike ``Copies of the executed oath (or 
affirmation) shall be retained by the Clerk as part of the records of the 
House.'' and insert ``Copies of the executed oath (or affirmation) shall be 
retained as part of the records of the House, in the case of a Member, 
Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner, by the Clerk, and in the case of an 
officer or employee of the House, by the Sergeant-at-Arms.''.

  (4) In clause 15 of rule XXIII--

  (A) in paragraph (a), strike ``paragraph (b)'' and insert ``paragraphs 
(b) and (c)'' ;

  (B) in paragraph (b)--

  (i) amend subparagraph (3) to read as follows:

  ``(3) the flight consists of the personal use of an aircraft by a Member, 
Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner that is supplied by--

  ``(A) an individual on the basis of personal friendship; or

  ``(B) another Member, Delegate, or the Resident Commissioner;'';

  (ii) in subparagraph (4), strike the period and insert ``; or''; and

  (iii) add the following:

  ``(5) the owner or operator of the aircraft is paid a pro rata share of 
the fair market value of the normal and usual charter fare or rental charge 
for a comparable plane of comparable size as determined by dividing such 
cost by the number of Members, Delegates, or the Resident Commissioner, 
officers, or employees of Congress on the flight.''; and

  (C) redesignate paragraph (c) as paragraph (d) and insert after paragraph 
(b) the following new paragraph:

  ``(c) An advance written request for a waiver of the restriction in 
paragraph (a) may be granted jointly by the chair and ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Ethics, subject to such conditions as they may 
prescribe.''.

  (f) Technical and Clarifying Changes.--

  (1) In clause 12(b)(2) of rule I, strike ``Chair of the Committee of the 
Whole'' and insert ``chair of the Committee of the Whole''.

  (2) In clause 6(c)(4) of rule II, before ``the Committee on House 
Administration'' insert ``the Committee on Appropriations and''.

  (3) In rule V--

  (A) in clause 1, strike ``telecommunications'' each place it appears and 
insert (in each instance) ``communications'';

  (B) in clause 2(a), strike ``recording of the proceedings'' and insert 
``recording of the floor proceedings''; and

  (C) in clause 2(c)(1), strike ``political purpose'' and insert ``partisan 
political campaign purpose''.

  (4) In clause 2(b) of rule XI, strike ``unless otherwise provided by 
written rule adopted by the committee'' and insert ``if notice is given 
pursuant to paragraph (g)(3)''.

  (5) In clause 2(c)(2) of rule XI, before the last sentence, insert ``Such 
notice shall also be made publicly available in electronic form and shall 
be deemed to satisfy paragraph (g)(3)(A)(ii).''.

  (6) In clause 2(e)(1)(A)(ii) of rule XI, strike ``record vote is 
demanded'' and insert ``record vote is taken''.

  (7) In clause 2(e)(2)(A) of rule XI, strike ``all committee hearings, 
records, data, charts, and files'' and insert ``all committee records 
(including hearings, data, charts, and files)''.

  (8) In clause 2(l) of rule XI--

  (A) strike ``that member shall be entitled'' and insert ``all members 
shall be entitled''; and

  (B) strike ``to file such views, in writing and signed by that member,'' 
and insert ``to file such written and signed views''.

  (9) In clause 3(h) of rule XI--

  (A) strike ``(h)(1)'' and insert ``(h)''; and

  (B) redesignate subdivisions (A) and (B) as subparagraphs (1) and (2), 
respectively.

  (10) In clause 6(g) of rule XIII, strike ``it shall (to the maximum 
extent possible) specify in the resolution the object of'' and insert ``it 
shall to the maximum extent possible specify in the accompanying report''.

  (11) In clause 2 of rule XV, strike ``standing'' each place it appears.

  (12) In clause 6 of rule XV, add the following new paragraph:

  ``(d) Precedents, rulings, or procedures in effect before the One Hundred 
Eleventh Congress regarding the priority of business and the availability 
of other business on Wednesday shall be applied only to the extent 
consistent with this clause.''.

  (13) In clause 5(c)(3)(B) of rule XX, after ``Minority Leader'' each 
place it appears insert (in each instance) ``(or their respective 
designees)''.

  (14) In clause 8(a)(1) of rule XXII--

  (A) in subdivision (A), after ``in the Congressional Record'' insert ``or 
pursuant to clause 3 of rule XXIX''; and

  (B) in subdivision (B), before ``copies'' insert ``printed or 
electronic''.

  (15) In clause 2 of rule XXIV, strike ``Clerk'' and insert ``Chief 
Administrative Officer''.

  (16) In clause 1 of rule XXVI, strike the second sentence.

SEC. 3. SEPARATE ORDERS.

  (a) Independent Payment Advisory Board.--Section 1899A(d) of the Social 
Security Act shall not apply in the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress.

  (b) Budget Matters.--

  (1) During the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, references in section 306 
of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to a resolution shall be construed 
in the House of Representatives as references to a joint resolution.

  (2) During the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, in the case of a reported 
bill or joint resolution considered pursuant to a special order of 
business, a point of order under section 303 of the Congressional Budget 
Act of 1974 shall be determined on the basis of the text made in order as 
an original bill or joint resolution for the purpose of amendment or to the 
text on which the previous question is ordered directly to passage, as the 
case may be.

  (3) During the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, a provision in a bill or 
joint resolution, or in an amendment thereto or a conference report 
thereon, that establishes prospectively for a Federal office or position a 
specified or minimum level of compensation to be funded by annual 
discretionary appropriations shall not be considered as providing new 
entitlement authority within the meaning of the Congressional Budget Act of 
1974.

  (4)(A) During the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, except as provided in 
subparagraph (C), a motion that the Committee of the Whole rise and report 
a bill to the House shall not be in order if the bill, as amended, exceeds 
an applicable allocation of new budget authority under section 302(b) of 
the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, as estimated by the Committee on the 
Budget.

  (B) If a point of order under subparagraph (A) is sustained, the Chair 
shall put the question: ``Shall the Committee of the Whole rise and report 
the bill to the House with such amendments as may have been adopted 
notwithstanding that the bill exceeds its allocation of new budget 
authority under section 302(b) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974?''. 
Such question shall be debatable for 10 minutes equally divided and 
controlled by a proponent of the question and an opponent but shall be 
decided without intervening motion.

  (C) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply--

  (i) to a motion offered under clause 2(d) of rule XXI; or

  (ii) after disposition of a question under subparagraph (B) on a given 
bill.

  (D) If a question under subparagraph (B) is decided in the negative, no 
further amendment shall be in order except--

  (i) one proper amendment, which shall be debatable for 10 minutes equally 
divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent, shall not be 
subject to amendment, and shall not be subject to a demand for division of 
the question in the House or in the Committee of the Whole; and

  (ii) pro forma amendments, if offered by the chair or ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Appropriations or their designees, for the 
purpose of debate.

  (5) During the first session of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, 
pending the adoption of a concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal 
year 2014, the provisions of House Concurrent Resolution 112, One Hundred 
Twelfth Congress, as adopted by the House, shall have force and effect in 
the House as though Congress has adopted such concurrent resolution, and 
the allocations of spending authority printed in tables 11 and 12 of House 
Report 112-421 (One Hundred Twelfth Congress) shall be considered for all 
purposes in the House to be the allocations under section 302(a) of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974.

  (c) Determinations for PAYGO Acts.--In determining the budgetary effects 
of any legislation for the purposes of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-
You-Go Act of 2010 (including the required designation in PAYGO Acts), the 
chair of the Committee on the Budget may make adjustments to take into 
account the exemptions and adjustments set forth in section 503(b)(1) of 
House Concurrent Resolution 112, One Hundred Twelfth Congress.

  (d) Spending Reduction Amendments in Appropriations Bills.--

  (1) During the reading of a general appropriation bill for amendment in 
the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, it shall be in 
order to consider en bloc amendments proposing only to transfer 
appropriations from an object or objects in the bill to a spending 
reduction account. When considered en bloc under this paragraph, such 
amendments may amend portions of the bill not yet read for amendment 
(following disposition of any points of order against such portions) and 
are not subject to a demand for division of the question in the House or in 
the Committee of the Whole.

  (2) Except as provided in paragraph (1), it shall not be in order to 
consider an amendment to a spending reduction account in the House or in 
the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.

  (3) It shall not be in order to consider an amendment to a general 
appropriation bill proposing a net increase in budget authority in the bill 
(unless considered en bloc with another amendment or amendments proposing 
an equal or greater decrease in such budget authority pursuant to clause 
2(f) of rule XXI).

  (4) A point of order under clause 2(b) of rule XXI shall not apply to a 
spending reduction account.

  (5) A general appropriation bill may not be considered in the Committee 
of the Whole House on the state of the Union unless it includes a spending 
reduction account as the last section of the bill. An order to report a 
general appropriation bill to the House shall constitute authority for the 
chair of the Committee on Appropriations to add such a section to the bill 
or modify the figure contained therein.

  (6) For purposes of this subsection, the term ``spending reduction 
account'' means an account in a general appropriation bill that bears that 
caption and contains only a recitation of the amount by which an applicable 
allocation of new budget authority under section 302(b) of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 exceeds the amount of new budget authority 
proposed by the bill.

  (e) Estimates of Direct Spending.--

  (1) It shall not be in order to consider any concurrent resolution on the 
budget, or amendment thereto or conference report thereon, unless it 
contains a separate heading entitled ``Direct Spending'', which shall 
include a category for ``Means-Tested Direct Spending'' and a category for 
``Nonmeans-Tested Direct Spending'' and sets forth--

  (A) the average rate of growth for each category in the total amount of 
outlays during the 10-year period preceding the budget year;

  (B) estimates for each such category under current law for the period 
covered by the concurrent resolution; and

  (C) information on proposed reforms in such categories.

  (2) Before the consideration of a concurrent resolution on the budget by 
the Committee on the Budget for a fiscal year, the chair of the Committee 
on the Budget shall submit for printing in the Congressional Record a 
description of programs which shall be considered means-tested direct 
spending and nonmeans-tested direct spending for purposes of this 
subsection.

  (f) Certain Subcommittees.--Notwithstanding clause 5(d) of rule X, during 
the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress--

  (1) the Committee on Armed Services may have not more than seven 
subcommittees;

  (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs may have not more than seven 
subcommittees; and

  (3) the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure may have not more 
than six subcommittees.

  (g) Exercise Facilities for Former Members.--During the One Hundred 
Thirteenth Congress--

  (1) The House of Representatives may not provide access to any exercise 
facility which is made available exclusively to Members and former Members, 
officers and former officers of the House of Representatives, and their 
spouses to any former Member, former officer, or spouse who is a lobbyist 
registered under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 or any successor 
statute or agent of a foreign principal as defined in clause 5 of rule XXV. 
For purposes of this section, the term ``Member'' includes a Delegate or 
Resident Commissioner to the Congress.

  (2) The Committee on House Administration shall promulgate regulations to 
carry out this subsection.

  (h) Numbering of Bills.--In the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, the 
first 10 numbers for bills (H.R. 1 through H.R. 10) shall be reserved for 
assignment by the Speaker and the second 10 numbers for bills (H.R. 11 
through H.R. 20) shall be reserved for assignment by the Minority Leader.

  (i) Inclusion of United States Code Citations.--To the maximum extent 
practicable and consistent with established drafting conventions, an 
instruction in a bill or joint resolution proposing to repeal or amend any 
law or part thereof not contained in a codified title of the United States 
Code shall include, if available, the applicable United States Code 
citation in parenthesis immediately following the designation of the matter 
proposed to be repealed or amended.

  (j) Duplication of Federal Programs.--

  (1) The chair of a committee may request that the Government 
Accountability Office perform a duplication analysis of any bill or joint 
resolution referred to that committee. Any such analysis shall assess 
whether, and the extent to which, the bill or joint resolution creates a 
new Federal program, office, or initiative that duplicates or overlaps with 
any existing Federal program, office, or initiative.

  (2) The report of a committee on a bill or joint resolution shall include 
a statement, as though under clause 3(c) of rule XIII, indicating whether 
any provision of the measure establishes or reauthorizes a program of the 
Federal Government known to be duplicative of another Federal program. The 
statement shall at a minimum explain whether--

  (A) any such program was included in any report from the Government 
Accountability Office to Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-
139; or

  (B) the most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, published 
pursuant to the Federal Program Information Act (Public Law 95-220, as 
amended by Public Law 98-169), identified other programs related to the 
program established or reauthorized by the measure.

  (k) Disclosure of Directed Rule Makings.--

  (1) The report of a committee on a bill or joint resolution shall include 
a statement, as though under clause 3(c) of rule XIII, estimating the 
number of directed rule makings required by the measure.

  (2) For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ``directed rule making'' 
means a specific rule making within the meaning of section 551 of title 5, 
United States Code, specifically directed to be completed by a provision in 
the measure, but does not include a grant of discretionary rule making 
authority.

SEC. 4. COMMITTEES, COMMISSIONS, AND HOUSE OFFICES.

  (a) Litigation Matters.--

  (1) Continuing authority for the bipartisan legal advisory group.--

  (A) The House authorizes the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group of the One 
Hundred Thirteenth Congress--

  (i) to act as successor in interest to the Bipartisan Legal Advisory 
Group of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress with respect to civil actions in 
which it intervened in the One Hundred Twelfth Congress to defend the 
constitutionality of section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (1 U.S.C. 7) 
or related provisions of titles 10, 31, and 38, United States Code, 
including in the case of Windsor v. United States, 833 F. Supp.2d 394 
(S.D.N.Y. June 6, 2012), aff'd, 699 F.3d 169 (2d Cir. October 18, 2012), 
cert. granted, No. 12-307 (Dec. 7, 2012), cert. pending No. 12-63 (July 16, 
2012) and 12-785 (Dec. 28, 2012);

  (ii) to take such steps as may be appropriate to ensure continuation of 
such civil actions; and

  (iii) to intervene in other cases that involve a challenge to the 
constitutionality of section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act or related 
provisions of titles 10, 31, and 38, United States Code.

  (B) Pursuant to clause 8 of rule II, the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group 
continues to speak for, and articulate the institutional position of, the 
House in all litigation matters in which it appears, including in Windsor 
v. United States.

  (2) Continuing authorities for the committee on oversight and government 
reform and the office of general counsel.--

  (A) The House authorizes--

  (i) the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the One Hundred 
Thirteenth Congress to act as the successor in interest to the Committee on 
Oversight and Government Reform of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress with 
respect to the civil action Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, 
United States House of Representatives v. Eric H. Holder, Jr., in his 
official capacity as Attorney General of the United States, filed by the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform in the One Hundred Twelfth 
Congress pursuant to House Resolution 706; and

  (ii) the chair of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (when 
elected), on behalf of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, 
and the Office of General Counsel to take such steps as may be appropriate 
to ensure continuation of such civil action, including amending the 
complaint as circumstances may warrant.

  (B) The House authorizes the chair of the Committee on Oversight and 
Government Reform (when elected), on behalf of the Committee on Oversight 
and Government Reform and until such committee has adopted rules pursuant 
to clause 2(a) of rule XI, to issue subpoenas related to the investigation 
into the United States Department of Justice operation known as ``Fast and 
Furious'' and related matters.

  (C) The House authorizes the chair of the Committee on Oversight and 
Government Reform (when elected), on behalf of the Committee on Oversight 
and Government Reform, and the Office of General Counsel to petition to 
join as a party to the civil action referenced in paragraph (1) any 
individual subpoenaed by the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform 
of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress as part of its investigation into the 
United States Department of Justice operation known as ``Fast and Furious'' 
and related matters who failed to comply with such subpoena, or any 
successor to such individual.

  (D) The House authorizes the chair of the Committee on Oversight and 
Government Reform (when elected), on behalf of the Committee on Oversight 
and Government Reform, and the Office of General Counsel, at the 
authorization of the Speaker after consultation with the Bipartisan Legal 
Advisory Group, to initiate judicial proceedings concerning the enforcement 
of subpoenas issued to such individuals.

  (b) House Democracy Partnership.--House Resolution 24, One Hundred Tenth 
Congress, shall apply in the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress in the same 
manner as such resolution applied in the One Hundred Tenth Congress except 
that the commission concerned shall be known as the House Democracy 
Partnership.

  (c) Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission.--Sections 1 through 7 of House 
Resolution 1451, One Hundred Tenth Congress, shall apply in the One Hundred 
Thirteenth Congress in the same manner as such provisions applied in the 
One Hundred Tenth Congress, except that--

  (1) the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission may, in addition to 
collaborating closely with other professional staff members of the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs, collaborate closely with professional staff 
members of other relevant committees; and

  (2) the resources of the Committee on Foreign Affairs which the 
Commission may use shall include all resources which the Committee is 
authorized to obtain from other offices of the House of Representatives.

  (d) Office of Congressional Ethics.--Section 1 of House Resolution 895, 
One Hundred Tenth Congress, shall apply in the One Hundred Thirteenth 
Congress in the same manner as such provision applied in the One Hundred 
Tenth Congress, except that--

  (1) the Office of Congressional Ethics shall be treated as a standing 
committee of the House for purposes of section 202(i) of the Legislative 
Reorganization Act of 1946 (2 U.S.C. 72a(i));

  (2) references to the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall be 
construed as references to the Committee on Ethics;

  (3) the second sentence of section 1(b)(6)(A) shall not apply; and

  (4) members subject to section 1(b)(6)(B) may be reappointed for a second 
additional term.

  (e) Empaneling Investigative Subcommittee of the Committee on Standards 
of Official Conduct.--The text of House Resolution 451, One Hundred Tenth 
Congress, shall apply in the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress in the same 
manner as such provision applied in the One Hundred Tenth Congress.

SEC. 5. ADDITIONAL ORDERS OF BUSINESS.

  (a) Reading of the Constitution.--The Speaker may recognize a Member for 
the Reading of the Constitution on any legislative day through January 15, 
2013.

  (b) Motions to Suspend the Rules.--It shall be in order at any time on 
the legislative day of January 4, 2013, for the Speaker to entertain 
motions that the House suspend the rules, as though under clause 1 of rule 
XV, relating to a measure addressing flood insurance.



Sec. 7. Organization at a Second Session

    The opening day of a second session of Congress differs 
considerably from the opening day of a first session.(1) At 
the opening of a second (or any subsequent) session, the membership of 
the House has been established (i.e., Members have taken the oath of 
office), officers have been elected, rules have been adopted, and most 
organizational business already completed in the first session. 
Therefore, it is unnecessary for the House to reprise these actions in 
the second session. Instead, the Speaker (or Speaker pro 
tempore)(2) calls the House to order and proceeds to the 
initial quorum call of Members for the second session.(3) As 
in the first session, the House formally notifies the Senate and the 
President that a quorum of the House has assembled for the second 
session,(4) and the Chair may make announcements regarding 
actions taken or events occurring between sessions.(5) The 
oath of office may be administered to newly-elected Members following 
the initial quorum call.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 7.2, infra. For earlier treatment of the procedures at 
        organization of a second session, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        1 Sec. Sec. 7.5, 7.6.
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: Although the Speaker traditionally presides 
        at the opening of a second session of Congress, there is no 
        requirement that the Speaker do so, and Speakers in the past 
        have designated Speakers pro tempore to preside at the opening 
        of a second session. See Sec. 7.1, infra.
 3. See U.S. Const. amend. XX; House Rules and Manual Sec. 242 (2017). 
        As with the first session, the initial quorum call for a second 
        session is now conducted using the electronic voting system. 
        For an example of a malfunction of the system's display panels 
        during organization of a second session, see 154 Cong. Rec. 10, 
        11, 110th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 15, 2008).
 4. See, e.g., 162 Cong. Rec. H4 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 5, 2016).
 5. See Sec. Sec. 7.6-7.8, infra.
 6. See Sec. 7.5, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House may also transact additional organizational business in 
the second session, where authorities from the first session have 
expired with the end of that session.(7) For example, the 
resolution adopted in the first session setting the daily hour of 
meeting for that session is inapplicable to the second session, and the 
House adopts a similar resolution at the outset of the second 
session.(8) Similarly, the customary unanimous-consent order 
setting the format for ``morning-hour debate'' is agreed to by the 
House once per session.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. Parliamentarian's Note: For many years, the House has provided 
        broad authority for Members to revise and extend their remarks 
        in the Congressional Record. Between the 106th Congress and the 
        111th Congress, this authority was provided once each session. 
        Beginning with the 112th Congress, this authority was extended 
        to cover the duration of the entire Congress. For more, see 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5 Sec. 20.
 8. See, e.g., 162 Cong. Rec. H4 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 5, 2016). For more on the hour of meeting, see Sec. 9, 
        infra.
 9. See, e.g., 162 Cong. Rec. H4 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 5, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It is fairly common for organizational business of a second session 
to be postponed until Members are ready to return for legislative 
business. The House has provided authority to conduct pro forma 
sessions of the House to begin a second session, at which no 
organizational or legislative business is expected to 
occur.(10) The authority for the Speaker to dispense with 
organizational or legislative business at the beginning of a second 
session may be provided by simple resolution of the 
House(11) or by unanimous consent.(12) In such 
circumstances, the initial quorum call of Members will not take place 
until the date chosen to resume legislative activity.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. See Sec. 7.3, infra. See also 126 Cong. Rec. 3, 96th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 1980); 126 Cong. Rec. 25, 96th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 7, 
        1980); 126 Cong. Rec. 47, 96th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 17, 1980); 
        138 Cong. Rec. 2, 102d Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 3, 1992); 138 Cong. 
        Rec. 148, 149, 102d Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 22, 1992); and 138 
        Cong. Rec. 421, 102d Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 24, 1992).
11. See Sec. 7.3, infra. See also 151 Cong. Rec. 29055, 109th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Dec. 16, 2005).
12. See Sec. 7.4, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Speaker Pro Tempore Presiding

Sec. 7.1 While it is customary for the Speaker to preside over 
    organization of a second session of a Congress, a designated 
    Speaker pro tempore may also preside.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Parliamentarian's Note: In this instance from the 111th Congress, a 
        Speaker pro tempore opened the House and declared a recess. 
        Following the recess, the Speaker herself initiated the quorum 
        call of Members for the second session, and another Speaker pro 
        tempore assumed the Chair to announce the result.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 12, 2010,(14) the opening of the second 
session of the 111th Congress proceeded as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 156 Cong. Rec. 6, 111th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at noon and was called to order by the Speaker 
    pro tempore (Mr. Moran of 
    Virginia).                          -------------------

                   DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                 January 12, 2010.

        I hereby appoint the Honorable James P. Moran to act as Speaker 
    pro tempore on this day.
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                          Speaker of the House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

                                   PRAYER    

        The Chaplain, the Reverend Daniel P. Coughlin, offered the 
    following prayer:
        As the 111th Congress reassembles to meet its constitutional 
    commitments in its second session, may the prophetic cry of Israel, 
    from the prophet, be heard in the hearts of all Members and in the 
    attitude of all America's people:
        As the Lord has called you
        for the victory of justice,
        I have grasped you by the hand.
        I formed you and set you
        as a covenant of the people;
        a light for all the nations.
        Accomplish great deeds in and through us, Lord, and make these 
    days a time of great promise and fulfilled blessings. 
    Amen.                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(15) Pursuant to clause 
    12(a) of rule I, the Chair declares the House in recess until 
    approximately 6:30 p.m. today.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. James Moran (VA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 1 minute p.m.), the House stood 
    in recess until approximately 6:30 
    p.m.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker at 6 o'clock and 32 minutes 
    p.m.                          -------------------

                             CALL OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER.(16) The Clerk will utilize the 
    electronic system to ascertain the presence of a quorum.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Members will record their presence by electronic device.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Members responded to their names:

                               [Roll No. 1] . . .

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [William] Owens [of New York]). On 
    this rollcall, 373 Members have recorded their presence.
        A quorum is present.

Procedure

Sec. 7.2 At the opening of a second session of Congress, the House is 
    called to order by the Speaker (or Speaker pro 
    tempore),(17) and, following the prayer and pledge of 
    allegiance, the Chair initiates a call of Members to establish a 
    quorum for the session, makes various announcements as to events 
    taking place during sine die adjournment, and causes the President 
    and Senate to be notified that a quorum of the House has assembled.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. See Sec. 7.1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2014,(18) organizational business of the 
second session of the 113th Congress proceeded as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. 160 Cong. Rec. H3-H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             CALL OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER.(19) The Clerk will use the electronic 
    system to ascertain the presence of a quorum.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Members will record their presence by electronic device.
        The SPEAKER. On this roll call, 316 Members have recorded their 
    presence.
        A quorum is 
    present.                          -------------------

                                THE JOURNAL    

        The SPEAKER. The Chair has examined the Journal of the 
    proceedings of January 3, 2014, and announces to the House his 
    approval thereof.
        Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Journal stands 
    approved.                          -------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Poe) come 
    forward and lead the House in the Pledge of Allegiance.
        Mr. [Ted] POE of Texas led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. . . 
    .                          -------------------

           PROVIDING FOR A COMMITTEE TO NOTIFY THE PRESIDENT OF THE 
                  ASSEMBLY OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        Mr. [Pete] SESSIONS of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk 
    a privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 450

  Resolved, That a committee of two Members be appointed by the Speaker on 
the part of the House of Representatives to notify the President of the 
United States that a quorum of the House has assembled and that the House 
is ready to receive any communication that he may be pleased to make.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

         APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE TO NOTIFY THE PRESIDENT, 
                      PURSUANT TO HOUSE RESOLUTION 450    

        The SPEAKER. Pursuant to House Resolution 450, the Chair 
    appoints the following Members to the committee to notify the 
    President of the United States that a quorum of the House has 
    assembled and that the House is ready to receive any communication 
    that he may be pleased to make:
        The gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Cantor) and the gentlewoman 
    from California (Ms. 
    Pelosi).                          -------------------

        TO INFORM THE SENATE THAT A QUORUM OF THE HOUSE HAS ASSEMBLED    


        Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk a privileged 
    resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 451

  Resolved, That the Clerk of the House inform the Senate that a quorum of 
the House is present and that the House is ready to proceed with business.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

Pro Forma Sessions

Sec. 7.3 The House has adopted a resolution providing for, inter alia, 
    the conduct of pro forma sessions of the House (at which no 
    legislative or organizational business would take place) spanning 
    the end of the first session of the Congress and the beginning of 
    the second session, and authorizing: (1) the automatic approval of 
    the Journal on each pro forma day; and (2) the Chair to adjourn the 
    House and set the date of next convening within the three-day 
    constitutional limit.

    On December 12, 2013,(20) the following resolution was 
offered (and later adopted):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. 159 Cong. Rec. H7702 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF SENATE AMENDMENT TO H.J. RES. 
         59, CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION, 2014; PROVIDING FOR 
         CONSIDERATION OF MOTIONS TO SUSPEND THE RULES; PROVIDING FOR 
         PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 14, 2013, THROUGH 
                    JANUARY 6, 2014; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

        Mr. [Rob] WOODALL [of Georgia]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of 
    the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 438 and ask for 
    its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 438

    Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to 
take from the Speaker's table the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 59) making 
continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2014, and for other purposes, 
with the House amendment to the Senate amendment thereto, and to consider 
in the House, without intervention of any point of order, a motion offered 
by the chair of the Committee on the Budget or his designee that the House 
recede from its amendment and concur in the Senate amendment with the 
amendment printed in part A of the report of the Committee on Rules 
accompanying this resolution modified by the amendment printed in part B of 
that report. The Senate amendment and the motion shall be considered as 
read. The motion shall be debatable for 70 minutes, with 60 minutes equally 
divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the 
Committee on the Budget and 10 minutes equally divided and controlled by 
the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the 
motion to its adoption without intervening motion or demand for division of 
the question.

  Sec. 2.  The chair of the Committee on the Budget may insert in the 
Congressional Record at any time during the remainder of the first session 
of the 113th Congress such material as he may deem explanatory of the 
motion specified in the first section of this resolution.

  Sec. 3.  In the engrossment of the House amendment to the Senate 
amendment to House Joint Resolution 59, the Clerk may conform division, 
title, and section numbers and conform cross-references and provisions for 
short titles.

  Sec. 4.  The chair of the Committee on Armed Services may insert in the 
Congressional Record at any time during the remainder of the first session 
of the 113th Congress such material as he may deem explanatory of defense 
authorization measures for the fiscal year 2014.

  Sec. 5.  It shall be in order at any time on the legislative day of 
December 12, 2013, or December 13, 2013, for the Speaker to entertain 
motions that the House suspend the rules as though under clause 1 of rule 
XV. The Speaker or his designee shall consult with the Minority Leader or 
her designee on the designation of any matter for consideration pursuant to 
this section.

  Sec. 6.  On any legislative day of the first session of the One Hundred 
Thirteenth Congress after December 13, 2013--

   (a) the Journal of the proceedings of the previous day shall be 
considered as approved; and

  (b) the Chair may at any time declare the House adjourned to meet at a 
date and time, within the limits of clause 4, section 5, article I of the 
Constitution, to be announced by the Chair in declaring the adjournment.

  Sec. 7.  On any legislative day of the second session of the One Hundred 
Thirteenth Congress before January 7, 2014--

   (a) the Speaker may dispense with organizational and legislative 
business;

  (b) the Journal of the proceedings of the previous day shall be 
considered as approved if applicable; and

  (c) the Chair at any time may declare the House adjourned to meet at a 
date and time, within the limits of clause 4, section 5, article I of the 
Constitution, to be announced by the Chair in declaring the adjournment.

  Sec. 8.  The Speaker may appoint Members to perform the duties of the 
Chair for the duration of the period addressed by sections 6 and 7 as 
though under clause 8(a) of rule I.

  Sec. 9.  Each day during the period addressed by sections 6 and 7 of this 
resolution shall not constitute a calendar day for purposes of section 7 of 
the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1546).

  Sec. 10.  Upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to 
consider in the House the bill (H.R. 3695) to provide a temporary extension 
of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 and amendments made by 
that Act, as previously extended and amended and with certain additional 
modifications and exceptions, to suspend permanent price support 
authorities, and for other purposes. All points of order against 
consideration of the bill are waived. The amendment printed in part C of 
the report of the Committee on Rules accompanying this resolution shall be 
considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be considered as read. 
All points of order against provisions in the bill, as amended, are waived. 
The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the bill, as 
amended, and on any amendment thereto to final passage without intervening 
motion except: (1) 40 minutes of debate equally divided and controlled by 
the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Agriculture; and 
(2) one motion to recommit with or without instructions.

  Sec. 11.  The requirement of clause 6(a) of rule XIII for a two-thirds 
vote to consider a report from the Committee on Rules on the same day it is 
presented to the House is waived with respect to any resolution reported 
through the legislative day of December 13, 2013.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(21) The gentleman from 
    Georgia is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. Chris Collins (NY).

    At the commencement of the second session of the 113th Congress on 
January 3, 2014,(22) the Chair exercised the authorities 
permitted by the resolution above:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. 160 Cong. Rec. H1 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed pursuant to the 20th amendment to the 
    Constitution for the meeting of the second session of the 113th 
    Congress, the House met at noon and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Messer). . . 
    .                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(23) Pursuant to section 
    7(a) of House Resolution 438, no organizational or legislative 
    business will be conducted on this day.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Luke Messer (IN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Messages requiring action will be laid before the House on a 
    subsequent day.
        Bills and resolutions introduced today will receive a number 
    but will not be referred to committee or noted in the Record until 
    a subsequent day. Executive communications, memorials, and 
    petitions likewise will be referred and numbered on a subsequent 
    day.                          -------------------

                                ADJOURNMENT    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to section 7(c) of House 
    Resolution 438, the House stands adjourned until 2 p.m. on Tuesday, 
    January 7, 2014.
        Accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 4 minutes p.m.), the House 
    adjourned until Tuesday, January 7, 2014, at 2 p.m.

Sec. 7.4 The House by unanimous consent authorized the Speaker to 
    dispense with organizational or legislative business on the first 
    legislative day of the second session.

    On December 8, 2003,(24) the House transacted the 
following unanimous-consent request:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. 149 Cong. Rec. 32134, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            AUTHORIZING SPEAKER TO DISPENSE WITH ORGANIZATIONAL AND 
          LEGISLATIVE BUSINESS ON ANY DAY HOUSE CONVENES PURSUANT TO 
                     SECTION 2 OF HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 80

        Mr. [Thaddeus] McCOTTER [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that on any day when the House convenes pursuant 
    to section 2 of House Joint Resolution 80, the Speaker may dispense 
    with organizational and legislative business.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Rick] Renzi [of Arizona]). Is 
    there objection to the request of the gentleman from Michigan?
        There was no objection.

Administration of the Oath

Sec. 7.5 Following the initial quorum call at the beginning of a second 
    session of a Congress, it is in order to administer the oath of 
    office to any Member-elect who has not yet been sworn.

    On January 25, 1994,(25) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 140 Cong. Rec. 86-87, 103d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
        The SPEAKER.(26) This being the day fixed by Public 
    Law 103-207 of the 103d Congress, enacted pursuant to the 20th 
    amendment of the Constitution for the meeting of the 2d session of 
    the 103d Congress, the House will be in order.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The prayer will be offered by the 
    Chaplain.                          -------------------

                                   PRAYER    

        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        O gracious God, You are the creator of all that is and Your 
    blessings abound . . .

          RESIGNATION AS A MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following resignation 
    from the U.S. House of Representatives:

                            Congress of the United States,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                  Washington, DC, January 7, 1994.
  Hon. David Walters,
  Governor, State of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK.

        Dear Governor: In accordance with the laws of the State of 
    Oklahoma, I am hereby notifying you that I resign from my duties as 
    Representative of the Sixth Congressional District in the United 
    States House of Representatives effective at 12 midnight, January 
    7, 1994.

            Sincerely,
                                                Glenn English,    
  Member of Congress.                          -------------------

                             CALL OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will utilize the electronic system to 
    ascertain the presence of a quorum.
        Members will record their presence by electronic device.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Members responded to their names:

                               [Roll No. 1] . . .

        The SPEAKER. On this rollcall, 348 Members having recorded 
    their presence by electronic device, a quorum is present.
        Under the rule, further proceedings under the call were 
    dispensed with.                          -------------------

                            PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE    

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. 
    Montgomery] come forward and lead the House in the Pledge of 
    Allegiance.
        Mr. [Gillespie (Sonny)] MONTGOMERY [of Mississippi] led the 
    Pledge of Allegiance as follows:

        I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of 
    America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under 
    God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for 
    all.                          -------------------

                 COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                U.S. House of Representatives,    
                                 Washington, DC, January 25, 1994.
  Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
  The Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith the 
    certificate of election from the Secretary of State, State of 
    Michigan, indicating that, according to the official returns of the 
    Special Election held on December 7, 1993, the Honorable Vern 
    Ehlers was elected to the Office of Representative in Congress from 
    the Third Congressional District, State of Michigan.
        With great respect, I am

            Sincerely yours,
                                          Donnald K. Anderson,    
                                  Clerk, House of Representatives.

                   State of Michigan Certificate of Election

        We, the undersigned, State Canvassers, from an examination of 
    the Election Returns received by the Secretary of State, determine 
    that, at the General Election, held on the seventh day of December, 
    nineteen hundred ninety-three, Vern Ehlers was duly elected 
    Representative in Congress 3d District for the term ending January 
    2, nineteen hundred ninety-five.
        In Witness Whereof, We have hereto subscribed our names, at 
    Lansing, this third day of January, nineteen hundred ninety-four.
                                         (Signed)  Board of State 
          Canvassers.                          -------------------

        SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE VERNON J. EHLERS OF MICHIGAN AS A 
                            MEMBER OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER. Will the dean of the Michigan delegation, together 
    with members of the delegation, escort the Member-elect from 
    Michigan, Vernon J. Ehlers, to the well of the House.
        Mr. VERNON J. EHLERS appeared at the bar of the House and took 
    the following oath of office:
        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the Same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well and truly 
    discharge the duties of the office upon which you are about to 
    enter, so help you God.
        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are a Member of the House of 
    Representatives.

Announcements

Sec. 7.6 During organization of a second session of a Congress, the 
    Speaker (or Speaker pro tempore) may make various announcements 
    regarding events occurring during sine die adjournment (such as the 
    resignation of a Member from the House).(27)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Parliamentarian's Note: In this instance, the resignation of Rep. 
        Ernie Fletcher of Kentucky was effective prior to the 
        commencement of the second session. Thus, the Member's name was 
        removed from the roll of Members prior to the initial quorum 
        call. This situation can be contrasted with a similar 
        resignation of another Member later this same day, which was 
        effective at midnight. That Member's name was left on the roll 
        of Members for the initial quorum call. See 150 Cong. Rec. 65, 
        108th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 20, 2004).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 20, 2004,(28) the following occurred during 
organizational business of the second session of the 108th Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 150 Cong. Rec. 64-66, 108th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at noon.
        The SPEAKER.(29) This being the day fixed by Public 
    Law 108-181, 108th Congress, enacted pursuant to the 20th amendment 
    to the Constitution for the meeting of the second session of the 
    108th Congress, the House will be in order.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The prayer will be offered by the Chaplain. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER. Under clause 5(c) of rule XX, the Chair announces 
    to the House that, in light of the resignation of the gentleman 
    from Kentucky (Mr. Fletcher), as indicated in the Record of 
    December 15, 2003, the whole number of the House is adjusted to 
    434.                          -------------------

Sec. 7.7 During assembly of the House at the second session of the 94th 
    Congress, the Speaker made an announcement during organizational 
    business regarding the bicentennial of the Declaration of 
    Independence.

    On January 19, 1976,(30) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 122 Cong. Rec. 140, 141, 94th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This being the day fixed by House Joint Resolution 749, 94th 
    Congress, enacted pursuant to the 20th amendment of the 
    Constitution, for the meeting of the second session of the 94th 
    Congress, the Members of the House of Representatives of the 94th 
    Congress met in their Hall, and at 12 o'clock noon were called to 
    order by the Speaker, the Honorable CARL ALBERT, a Representative 
    from the State of Oklahoma.
        The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, D.D., L.H.D., offered the 
    following prayer: . . 
    .                          -------------------

                             CALL OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the roll to ascertain the 
    presence of a quorum.
        The Clerk called the roll, and the following Members answered 
    to their names: . . .
        The SPEAKER. On this rollcall 370 Members have answered to 
    their names, a quorum.
        By unanimous consent, further proceedings under the call were 
    dispensed with.                          -------------------

         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER AT OPENING OF 2D SESSION OF 94TH 
                                  CONGRESS    

        The SPEAKER. The Chair would like to take the liberty to state 
    that today is both the first day of the 2d session of the 94th 
    Congress and the first meeting of Congress in this historic 
    Bicentennial Year.
        As we enter the third century of our national existence, we 
    Members of the 94th Congress, like our colleagues 200 years ago in 
    the Continental Congress and those in the 44th Congress 100 years 
    later have a special obligation to demonstrate to this Nation that 
    representative government works and the Constitution of the United 
    States lives.
        Let us strengthen every constitutional resource at our command 
    with the will to succeed, with the spirit to cooperate, and with 
    the undivided devotion to the high moral principles on which this 
    Nation was founded_as inscribed before you_``Union, Justice, 
    Tolerance, Liberty, Peace.''
        Building together in this workshop of democracy, this House of 
    Representatives can leave behind a strong legacy for this great 
    institution and for the American people to whom it 
    belongs.                          -------------------

         MEMBERS SHOULD FOLLOW THE TRADITION OF THEIR FOREBEARS DURING 
                        2D SESSION OF 94TH CONGRESS    

        (Mr. RHODES asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [John Jacob] RHODES [of Arizona]. Mr. Speaker, I take this 
    time to congratulate the Speaker on the great statement he has just 
    made and to assure him that I concur in his words completely.
        As we approach the second session of this Congress, I think it 
    behooves all of us to recall our forebears in this legislative 
    body, those who have gone before us, and to recall the examples 
    which they have set so as to dedicate ourselves to conducting the 
    second session of this Congress with the idea and in the light of 
    those who believed in the Republic and in its future.
        We should do this not in a partisan sense but in a sense of 
    working together for the great accomplishments which our great 
    people deserve.
        Mr. Speaker, I pledge to you and to all the Members of this 
    body my cooperation and my belief that this not only is possible 
    but necessary as we enter the tercentenary of the history of this 
    great Republic.

Sec. 7.8 During assembly of the House at the second session of the 
    101st Congress, the Chair laid before the House a communication 
    from the Clerk transmitting an enrollment returned by the President 
    during sine die adjournment (which was the subject of subsequent 
    parliamentary inquiries).

    On January 23, 1990,(31) the first day of the second 
session of the 101st Congress, a veto message from the President was 
laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 136 Cong. Rec. 4-5, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER(32) laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Clerk of the House Representatives:

32. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                 December 1, 1989.
  Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
  The Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to the permission granted in Clause 
    5 of Rule III of the Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives, I 
    have the honor to transmit the returned enrollment of H.R. 2712, 
    together with a memorandum from the President relating to said bill 
    received in my office at 6:40 p.m. on Thursday, November 30, 1989.
        With great respect, I am

            Sincerely yours,
                                          Donnald K. Anderson,    
                                                  Clerk, House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

        EMERGENCY CHINESE IMMIGRATION RELIEF ACT OF 1989--MEMORANDUM OF 
         DISAPPROVAL FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. 
                                  NO. 101-132)

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following memorandum of 
    disapproval from the President of the United States:

                           memorandum of disapproval

        In light of the actions I have taken in June and again today, I 
    am withholding my approval of H.R. 2712, the ``Emergency Chinese 
    Immigration Relief Act of 1989.'' These actions make H.R. 2712 
    wholly unnecessary.
        I share the objectives of the overwhelming majority in the 
    Congress who passed this legislation. Within hours of the events of 
    Tiananmen Square in June, I ordered the Attorney General to ensure 
    that no nationals from the People's Republic of China be deported 
    against their will, and no such nationals have been deported. Since 
    June, my Administration has taken numerous additional and 
    substantive actions to further guarantee this objective.
        Today I am extending and broadening these measures to provide 
    the same protections as H.R. 2712. I am directing the Attorney 
    General and the Secretary of State to provide additional 
    protections to persons covered by the Attorney General's June 6th 
    order deferring the enforced departure for nationals of China. 
    These protections will include: (1) irrevocable waiver of the 2-
    year home country residence requirement which may be exercised 
    until January 1, 1994; (2) assurance of continued lawful 
    immigration status for individuals who were lawfully in the United 
    States on June 5, 1989; (3) authorization for employment of Chinese 
    nationals present in the United States on June 5, 1989; and (4) 
    notice of expiration of nonimmigrant status, rather than 
    institution of deportation proceedings, for individuals eligible 
    for deferral of enforced departure whose nonimmigrant status has 
    expired.
        In addition, I have directed that enhanced consideration be 
    provided under the immigration laws for individuals from any 
    country who express a fear of persecution upon return to their 
    country related to that country's policy of forced abortion or 
    coerced sterilization.
        These further actions will provide effectively the same 
    protection as would H.R. 2712 as presented to me on November 21, 
    1989. Indeed, last June I exercised my authority to provide 
    opportunity for employment to a wider class of Chinese aliens than 
    the statute would have required. My action today provides complete 
    assurance that the United States will provide to Chinese nationals 
    here the protection they deserve.
        It has always been my view, and it is my policy as President, 
    that the United States shall not return any person to a country 
    where he or she faces persecution.
        I have under current law sufficient authority to provide the 
    necessary relief for Chinese students and others who fear returning 
    to China in the near future. I will continue to exercise vigorously 
    this authority. Waivers granted under this authority will not be 
    revoked.
        Maintaining flexibility in administering our productive student 
    and scholar exchange program with China is important. As many as 
    80,000 Chinese have studied and conducted research in the United 
    States since these exchanges began. I want to see these exchanges 
    continue because it is in the national interest of the United 
    States to promote the exchange of technical skills and ideas 
    between Chinese and Americans. It is my hope that by acting 
    administratively, we will help foster the continuation of these 
    programs.
        My actions today accomplish the laudable objectives of the 
    Congress in passing H.R. 2712 while preserving my ability to manage 
    foreign relations. I would note that, with respect to individuals 
    expressing a fear of persecution related to their country's 
    coercive family policies, my actions today provide greater 
    protection than would H.R. 2712 by extending such protection 
    worldwide rather than just to Chinese nationals. Despite my strong 
    support for the basic principles of international family planning, 
    the United States cannot condone any policy involving forced 
    abortion or coercive sterilization.
        I deplore the violence and repression employed in the Tiananmen 
    events. I believe that China, as its leaders state, will return to 
    the policy of reform pursued before June 3. I further believe that 
    the Chinese visitors would wish to return to China in those 
    circumstances, in which case I would hope that the knowledge and 
    experience gained by the Chinese visitors temporarily in our 
    country be applied to help promote China's reforms and 
    modernization.
        The adjournment of the Congress has prevented my return of H.R. 
    2712 within the meaning of Article I, section 7, clause 2 of the 
    Constitution. Accordingly, my withholding of approval from the bill 
    precludes its becoming law. The Pocket Veto Case, 279 U.S. 655 
    (1929). Because of the questions raised in opinions issued by the 
    United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia 
    Circuit, I am sending H.R. 2712 with my objections to the Clerk of 
    the House of Representatives.
                                                    George Bush.  
                               The White House, November 30, 1989.

        The SPEAKER. The objections of the President will be spread at 
    large upon the Journal, and the memorandum of disapproval and the 
    bill be printed as a House document.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Brooks].
        Mr. [Jack Bascom] BROOKS [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that further consideration of the veto of the 
    bill, H.R. 2712, be postponed until Wednesday, January 24, 1990.
        The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman 
    from Texas?
        There was no 
    objection.                          -------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the President in his memorandum of 
    disapproval stated the following:

  The adjournment of the Congress has prevented my return of H.R. 2712 
within the meaning of article I, section 7, clause 2 of the Constitution. 
Accordingly, my withholding of approval from the bill precludes its 
becoming law.

        The President then cites the pocket veto case, 279 U.S. 655 
    (1929), and then, going on quoting the President,

  Because of the questions raised in opinions issued by the U.S. Court of 
Appeals for the District of Columbia circuit, I am sending H.R. 2712 with 
my objections to the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

        Also the President headed his message a ``Memorandum of 
    Disapproval,'' and chose to return it to the Clerk in an unsealed 
    envelope. It was not drafted as a message to the House of 
    Representatives.
        Mr. Speaker, I wonder if the Chair could enlighten the House as 
    to the status of the veto.
        The SPEAKER. In responding to the parliamentary inquiry of the 
    minority leader, the Chair would note that the enrollment of the 
    bill H.R. 2712 was received at the White House on November 21, 
    1989, and that the memorandum of disapproval was signed by the 
    President and returned to the Clerk of the House on November 30, 
    1989. Thus, pursuant to article I, section 7, clause 2, of the 
    Constitution, the enrolled bill was in fact returned by the 
    President within 10 days--Sundays excepted--after it had been 
    presented to him.
        The bill was returned with the President's objections to the 
    House in which it originated, his objections have been entered at 
    large in the Journal, and the House is now in a position to proceed 
    to reconsider the bill.
        Both the Congress and the President have demonstrated that 
    Congress did not prevent the return of the bill by its adjournment 
    on November 22, 1989. The Congress demonstrated its position by 
    adopting House Concurrent Resolution 239 on November 22, 1989, 
    which included section 4 reaffirming that the adjournment of either 
    House pursuant to that concurrent resolution shall not prevent the 
    return by the President of any bill presented to him for approval. 
    The President--who received a certified copy of House Concurrent 
    Resolution 239--demonstrated that the Congress did not prevent the 
    bill's return by in fact returning the bill to the originating 
    House through its agent, the Clerk.
        The Chair, therefore, is constrained by the mandate of the 
    Constitution and the precedents of the House to permit the House to 
    proceed to reconsider the bill, the objections of the President to 
    the contrary notwithstanding.
        The Chair is not ruling on the constitutional prerogatives of 
    the Congress and the President with respect to the exercise of a 
    pocket veto during an intersession sine die adjournment. The Chair 
    is responding only with respect to the responsibility of the Chair 
    and of the House at this time in proceeding to reconsider the bill.



Sec. 8. Legislative Business of a Prior Session

    Each Congress is a separate parliamentary body that comes into 
being at assembly and terminates upon sine die 
adjournment.(1) Thus, it is generally the case that business 
of one Congress does not continue as business of the next Congress. For 
example, bills and resolutions introduced in one Congress cannot be 
taken up in a subsequent Congress but must be formally reintroduced. 
Unfinished business pending at the close of one Congress does not 
remain unfinished business of a subsequent Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: As noted elsewhere, adjournment sine die 
        does not prevent the House from taking actions through its 
        committees, and Members remain Members of that Congress until 
        the constitutionally-required ending of their terms at noon on 
        January 3. See U.S. Const. amend. XX; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 242 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    However, with respect to different sessions of the same Congress, 
it is generally the case that authorities granted and business 
commenced in one session continue without interruption into the next 
session. Bills and resolutions introduced in one session may be taken 
up in a subsequent session, and unfinished business on the House's 
various calendars remains available for the House to 
consider.(2) Signatures on a discharge petition are not 
affected by the close of a session of Congress, and Members need not 
re-sign discharge petitions in the new session.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. For an example of resuming business on the (now abolished) Consent 
        Calendar at the beginning of a second session, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 11.2.
 3. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It is often the case that committee investigations require an 
extended period of time to complete, and there have been many instances 
where an investigation begun in one Congress is not completed before 
the expiration of that Congress. In such circumstances, the House in 
the next Congress will formally reauthorize the investigation, thus 
conferring on the new Congress jurisdiction over the matter. This has 
been the case for impeachment investigations,(4) contempt 
proceedings,(5) ethics investigations,(6) and 
other inquiries.(7) Often, the formal continuation of these 
authorities occurs on opening day of the new Congress. In the 115th 
Congress, the House enabled continuing litigation authority in the 
standing rules,(8) allowing a committee or chair of a 
committee authorized during a prior Congress to act in a litigation 
matter to act as a successor in interest with respect to such 
litigation matter and to take steps to ensure continuation of the 
matter.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. See Sec. Sec. 8.1, 8.2, infra. Impeachment proceedings though may 
        continue from one Congress to the next Congress. See House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 620 (2017).
 5. See Sec. 8.3, infra.
 6. See Sec. 8.4, infra.
 7. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 11.1.
 8. Rule II, clause 8(c), House Rules and Manual Sec. 670b (2017). 
        Prior to the 115th Congress, the authority to continue judicial 
        proceedings had been granted by separate orders for specific 
        matters.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    During sine die adjournment, the House may receive messages or 
reports of various kinds, which are often communicated to the 
membership on opening day of the next Congress or 
session.(9) For example, a Senate bill messaged to the House 
after sine die adjournment of a first session was referred to committee 
on opening day of the second session.(10) Veto messages from 
the President have been received during sine die adjournment and laid 
down on opening day of a subsequent session for disposition by the 
House (for instance, by postponing consideration of the veto 
message(11) or referring it to committee).(12) 
Committee reports have been filed and printed on a pro forma day to 
begin a second session of Congress.(13) A report filed by a 
commission after sine die adjournment of one Congress was printed as a 
report of the new Congress on opening day of that subsequent 
Congress.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. Parliamentarian's Note: The Congressional Record for the first day 
        of the new Congress will typically carry a separate heading to 
        indicate business of the prior Congress occurring after sine 
        die adjournment. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5.
10. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 11.3.
11. See Sec. 7.8, supra.
12. See Sec. 8.5, infra.
13. See Sec. 8.6, infra.
14. See Sec. 8.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Given the numerous organizational steps required to be completed on 
opening day of a new Congress, it is rare for the House to take up 
regular legislative business on opening day.(15) However, 
nothing precludes the consideration of bills and resolutions on opening 
day, and there have been instances where the House has considered 
legislation during assembly(16)_even before the adoption of 
rules.(17) However, it is not possible to refer measures to 
committees prior to the adoption of rules that establish those 
committees.(18) It is common on opening day (following the 
adoption of rules) for Members to introduce numerous bills and 
resolutions to be taken up at some point during that Congress. The 
Speaker has traditionally made an announcement that, due to the large 
volume of measures introduced on opening day, referral of such measures 
to committees of the House may be delayed until each bill and 
resolution has had a chance to be properly examined, although such 
delay has not occurred in more recent Congresses.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. For an earlier Senate custom of not considering legislation prior 
        to the President's annual address on the state of the Union, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 11.4, 11.5, and 
        12.10.
16. See Sec. 8.8, infra. For action on measures during organization 
        generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 12.
17. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 12.3-12.9.
18. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 12.2.
19. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 12.1. The Speaker has 
        customarily reiterated a policy regarding the referral of bills 
        and resolutions on opening day originally made on January 3, 
        1983. For the original statement, see 129 Cong. Rec. 54, 98th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1983). For a recent reiteration of the 
        policy, see 163 Cong. Rec. H34 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Continuation of Investigative or Other Authorities

Sec. 8.1 The House suspended the rules and considered a resolution 
    authorizing the Committee on the Judiciary to continue an 
    investigation commenced in the prior Congress regarding possible 
    impeachment of a Federal judge and conferring on such committee 
    special investigative authorities.

    On January 13, 2009,(20) a resolution was adopted by 
suspension of the rules as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. 155 Cong. Rec. 568, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              IMPEACHMENT INQUIRY OF JUDGE G. THOMAS PORTEOUS    

        Ms. [Doris] MATSUI [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 15) 
    authorizing and directing the Committee on the Judiciary to inquire 
    whether the House should impeach G. Thomas Porteous, a judge of the 
    United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, 
    as amended.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 15

    Resolved, That in continuance of the authority conferred in House 
Resolution 1448 of the One Hundred Tenth Congress adopted by the House of 
Representatives on September 17, 2008, the Committee on the Judiciary shall 
inquire whether the House should impeach G. Thomas Porteous, a judge of the 
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana.

  Sec. 2.  The Committee on the Judiciary or any subcommittee or task force 
designated by the Committee may, in connection with the inquiry under this 
resolution, take affidavits and depositions by a member, counsel, or 
consultant of the Committee, pursuant to notice or subpoena.

  Sec. 3.  There shall be paid out of the applicable accounts of the House 
of Representatives such sums as may be necessary to assist the Committee in 
conducting the inquiry under this resolution until a primary expense 
resolution providing for the expenses of the Committee on the Judiciary for 
the first session of the One Hundred Eleventh Congress is adopted. Any of 
the amounts paid under the authority of this section may be used for the 
procurement of staff or consultant services.

  Sec. 4. (a) For the purpose of the inquiry under this resolution, the 
Committee on the Judiciary is authorized to require by subpoena or 
otherwise--

  (1) the attendance and testimony of any person (including at a taking of 
a deposition by counsel or consultant of the Committee); and

  (2) the production of such things;

as it deems necessary to such inquiry.

  (b) The Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary, after consultation 
with the ranking minority member, may exercise the authority of the 
Committee under subsection (a).

  (c) The Committee on the Judiciary may adopt a rule regulating the taking 
of depositions by a member, counsel, or consultant of the Committee, 
including pursuant to subpoena.

Sec. 8.2 The House, by privileged resolution offered by the chair of 
    the Committee on the Judiciary, provided for the continuation of 
    certain impeachment authorities initiated in the prior Congress.

    On January 6, 1999,(21) a resolution continuing certain 
impeachment authorities was raised as a question of the privileges of 
the House as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 145 Cong. Rec. 240, 245, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR CERTAIN APPOINTMENTS AND PROCEDURES RELATING TO 
                            IMPEACHMENT PROCEEDINGS

        Mr. [Henry] HYDE [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to clause 
    2(a)1 of rule IX, I hereby give notice of my intention to offer a 
    resolution which raises a question of the privileges of the House.
        The form of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. --

  Resolved, That in continuance of the authority conferred in House 
Resolution 614 of the One Hundred Fifth Congress adopted by the House of 
Representatives and delivered to the Senate on December 19, 1998, Mr. Hyde 
of Illinois, Mr. Sensenbrenner of Wisconsin, Mr. McCollum of Florida, Mr. 
Gekas of Pennsylvania, Mr. Canady of Florida, Mr. Buyer of Indiana, Mr. 
Bryant of Tennessee, Mr. Chabot of Ohio, Mr. Barr of Georgia, Mr. 
Hutchinson of Arkansas, Mr. Cannon of Utah, Mr. Rogan of California, and 
Mr. Graham of South Carolina are appointed managers to conduct the 
impeachment trial against William Jefferson Clinton, President of the 
United States, that a message be sent to the Senate to inform the Senate of 
these appointments, and that the managers so appointed may, in connection 
with the preparation and the conduct of the trial, exhibit the articles of 
impeachment to the Senate and take all other actions necessary, which may 
include the following:

  (1) Employing legal, clerical, and other necessary assistants and 
incurring such other expenses as may be necessary, to be paid from amounts 
available to the Committee on the Judiciary under applicable expense 
resolutions or from the applicable accounts of the House of 
Representatives.

  (2) Sending for persons and papers, and filing with the Secretary of the 
Senate, on the part of the House of Representatives, any pleadings, in 
conjunction with or subsequent to, the exhibition of the articles of 
impeachment that the managers consider necessary.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(22) The Chair recognizes 
    the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde) to call up the resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Ray H. LaHood (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk will report the resolution at this time under rule 
    IX.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 10

  Resolved, That in continuance of the authority conferred in House 
Resolution 614 of the One Hundred Fifth Congress adopted by the House of 
Representatives and delivered to the Senate on December 19, 1998, Mr. Hyde 
of Illinois, Mr. Sensenbrenner of Wisconsin, Mr. McCollum of Florida, Mr. 
Gekas of Pennsylvania, Mr. Canady of Florida, Mr. Buyer of Indiana, Mr. 
Bryant of Tennessee, Mr. Chabot of Ohio, Mr. Barr of Georgia, Mr. 
Hutchinson of Arkansas, Mr. Cannon of Utah, Mr. Rogan of California, and 
Mr. Graham of South Carolina are appointed managers to conduct the 
impeachment trial against William Jefferson Clinton, President of the 
United States, that a message be sent to the Senate to inform the Senate of 
these appointments, and that the managers so appointed may, in connection 
with the preparation and the conduct of the trial, exhibit the articles of 
impeachment to the Senate and take all other actions necessary, which may 
include the following:

  (1) Employing legal, clerical, and other necessary assistants and 
incurring such other expenses as may be necessary, to be paid from amounts 
available to the Committee on the Judiciary under applicable expense 
resolutions or from the applicable accounts of the House of 
Representatives.

  (2) Sending for persons and papers, and filing with the Secretary of the 
Senate, on the part of the House of Representatives, any pleadings, in 
conjunction with or subsequent to, the exhibition of the articles of 
impeachment that the managers consider necessary.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). The resolution offered by 
    the chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary constitutes a 
    question of the privileges of the House.
        Pursuant to clause 2(a)(2) of rule XI, the gentleman from 
    Illinois (Mr. Hyde) and the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Scott) 
    each will control 30 minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde).

                                 general leave

        Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
    may have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their 
    remarks on the resolution under consideration.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Illinois?
        There was no objection.
        Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        Mr. Speaker, the resolution before us is a simple, 
    straightforward housekeeping resolution which the House customarily 
    adopts after adopting articles of the impeachment. Because this 
    resolution is incidental to impeachment, the precedents of the 
    House dictate that it is a question of privilege under rule IX.
        On December 19, 1998, the House approved House Resolution 614, 
    which appointed managers whose duty it was to exhibit the articles 
    of impeachment in the Senate. On that day, the managers informed 
    the Senate of the House's action. Because the House, unlike the 
    Senate, is not a continuing body, it must again appoint managers in 
    the 106th Congress. This is not a new concept, notwithstanding some 
    protestations from one law professor. This procedure has been used 
    on three previous occasions regarding the impeachments of Judges 
    Pickering, Louderback, and Hastings.
        Section 620 of Jefferson's Manual states, and I quote, ``An 
    impeachment is not discontinued by the dissolution of parliament, 
    but may be resumed by the new parliament.''
        The commentary on this section is instructive, and is as 
    follows:

  In Congress impeachment proceedings are not discontinued by a recess; and 
the Pickering impeachment was presented in the Senate on the last day of 
the Seventh Congress; and at the beginning of the eighth Congress the 
proceedings went on from that point. The resolution and articles of 
impeachment against Judge Louderback were presented in the Senate on the 
last day of the 72d Congress, and the Senate organized for and conducted 
the trial in the 73d Congress. The resolution and articles of impeachment 
against Judge Hastings were presented in the Senate during the second 
session of the 100th Congress but were still pending trial by the Senate in 
the 101st Congress, for which the House reappointed managers.

        This resolution is procedural in nature. It merely appoints 13 
    managers who will present the case in the Senate. It also directs 
    that a message be sent to the Senate to inform the other body of 
    these appointments, and authorizes the managers to exhibit the 
    articles of impeachment to the Senate.
        Because this resolution is procedural, it should be 
    noncontroversial. It is imperative that the House take this action 
    today so that the constitutional process may move forward. If the 
    House were to postpone this vote, the trial could not proceed in 
    the Senate. It is my intention to move this process as 
    expeditiously and as fairly as possible, and the House's approval 
    of this resolution today will help ensure that the Senate can 
    fulfill its constitutional duty as quickly as possible.
        Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of the pending question, and I 
    reserve the balance of my time. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous 
    question is ordered on the resolution.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [John] CONYERS [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand 
    the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    223, nays 198, not voting 7, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 6] . . .

        So the resolution was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider is laid on the table.

    Similarly, on January 3, 1989,(23) three resolutions 
relating to an impeachment inquiry were considered en bloc as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 135 Cong. Rec. 84, 85, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR CERTAIN APPOINTMENTS AND PROCEDURES RELATING TO 
                            IMPEACHMENT PROCEEDINGS

        Mr. [Jack Bascom] BROOKS [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer three 
    privileged resolutions (H. Res. 12, H. Res. 13, and H. Res. 14), 
    and I ask unanimous consent that they be considered en bloc.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(24) Without objection, the 
    resolutions will be considered en bloc. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Dale Kildee (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [George William] GEKAS [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, as I 
    understood it, these resolutions being privileged carry 
    automatically within them debate time, and that time will be 
    granted, is that correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. Brooks] 
    will be recognized for 1 hour and he may yield to the gentleman 
    from Pennsylvania.
        Without objection, the resolutions will be considered en bloc.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the resolutions.
        The Clerk read the resolutions, as follows:

H. Res. 12

  Resolved, That Jack Brooks, John Conyers, Jr., Don Edwards, John Bryant, 
Hamilton Fish, Jr., and George W. Gekas, Members of the House of 
Representatives, are appointed managers to conduct the impeachment trial 
against Alcee L. Hastings, judge of the United States District Court for 
the Southern District of Florida.



H. Res. 13

  Resolved, That the managers on the part of the House of Representatives 
in the matter of the impeachment of Alcee L. Hastings, judge of the United 
States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, are authorized 
to do the following in the preparation and conduct of the impeachment 
trail:

  (1) To employ legal, clerical, and other necessary assistance and to 
incur such expenses as may be necessary. Expenses under this paragraph 
shall be paid out of the funds available to the Committee on the Judiciary 
under clause 5(f) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives 
on vouchers approved by the Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary.

  (2) To send for persons and papers, and to file with the Secretary of the 
Senate, on the part of the House of Representatives, any subsequent 
pleadings which they consider necessary.

  (3) To take such other actions as are necessary to the preparation or 
conduct of the trail.



H. Res. 14

  Resolved, That a message be sent to the Senate to inform the Senate that 
Jack Brooks, John Conyers, Jr., Don Edwards, John Bryant, Hamilton Fish, 
Jr., and George W. Gekas, have been appointed managers for the trial of the 
impeachment of Alcee L. Hastings, judge of the United States District Court 
for the Southern District of Florida.

        Mr. BROOKS (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the resolutions be considered as read and printed in 
    the Record.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. Brooks] 
    is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolutions.
        The resolutions were agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 8.3 As a separate order contained in the resolution adopting the 
    standing rules for the 111th Congress,(25) the House 
    authorized the continuation of certain investigative authorities 
    that had existed in the prior Congress, including authorizing the 
    Committee on the Judiciary (as well as the office of General 
    Counsel) to resume civil contempt proceedings against certain 
    individuals.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 115th Congress, the House enabled 
        continuing litigation authority in the standing rules, allowing 
        a committee or chair of committee authorized during a prior 
        Congress to act in a litigation matter to act as a succesor in 
        interest with respect to such litigation matter and to take 
        steps to ensure continuation of the litigation matter. See rule 
        II, clause 8(c), House Rules and Manual Sec. 670b (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2009,(26) the following continuing 
authorities were adopted as part of the resolution establishing the 
standing rules for the 111th Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. 155 Cong. Rec. 10, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  (f) Continuing Authorities for the Committee on the Judiciary and the 
Office of General Counsel.--

  (1) The House authorizes--

  (A) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 111th Congress to act as the 
successor in interest to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 110th 
Congress with respect to the civil action Committee on the Judiciary v. 
Harriet Meirs et al., filed by the Committee on the Judiciary in the 110th 
Congress pursuant to House Resolution 980; and

  (B) the chair of the Committee on the Judiciary (when elected), on behalf 
of the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Office of General Counsel to 
take such steps as may be appropriate to ensure continuation of such civil 
action, including amending the complaint as circumstances may warrant.

  (2)(A) The House authorizes--

  (i) the Committee on the Judiciary to take depositions by a member or 
counsel of the committee related to the investigation into the firing of 
certain United States Attorneys and related matters; and

  (ii) the chair of the Committee on the Judiciary (when elected), on 
behalf of the Committee on the Judiciary, to issue subpoenas related to the 
investigation into the firing of certain United States Attorneys and 
related matters including for the purpose of taking depositions by a member 
or counsel of the committee.

  (B) Depositions taken under the authority prescribed in this paragraph 
shall be governed by the procedures submitted for printing in the 
Congressional Record by the chair of the Committee on Rules (when elected) 
or by such other procedures as the Committee on the Judiciary shall 
prescribe.

  (3) The House authorizes the chair of the Committee on the Judiciary 
(when elected), on behalf of the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Office 
of General Counsel to petition to join as a party to the civil action 
referenced in paragraph (1) any individual subpoenaed by the Committee on 
the Judiciary of the 110th Congress as part of its investigation into the 
firing of certain United States Attorneys and related matters who failed to 
comply with such subpoena or, at the authorization of the Speaker after 
consultation with the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group, to initiate judicial 
proceedings concerning the enforcement of subpoenas issued to such 
individuals.

Sec. 8.4 By unanimous consent, the House considered a resolution 
    authorizing the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now the 
    Committee on Ethics) to continue an investigation authorized by the 
    House in the preceding Congress.

    On January 3, 1983,(27) a resolution continuing an 
investigation regarding alleged sexual misconduct and illegal drug 
distribution by House Members and employees was considered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. 129 Cong. Rec. 52, 98th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           AUTHORIZING CONTINUATION OF INVESTIGATION BY COMMITTEE ON 
                       STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT    

        Mr. [James] WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    resolution (H. Res. 12) authorizing continuation of an 
    investigation by the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, 
    and ask unanimous consent for its immediate consideration.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(28) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. William Natcher (KY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. RES. 12

  Resolved, That the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct shall 
continue the inquiry and investigation and related activities authorized by 
House Resolution 518, Ninety-seventh Congress, agreed to July 13, 1982, in 
the manner prescribed in such resolution.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Messages and Reports Between Sessions

Sec. 8.5 During assembly of a second session of Congress, the Chair 
    laid before the House two veto messages from the President received 
    during sine die adjournment, which were referred to committee.

    On January 21, 1986,(29) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 132 Cong. Rec. 2-3, 4, 99th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         ESTABLISHING THE EASTERN SHORE OF VIRGINIA NATIONAL WILDLIFE 
          REFUGE AND THE NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE TRAINING 
         CENTER AT CAPE CHARLES VETO MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE 
                       UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. 99-146)

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following veto message 
    from the President of the United States:

  To the House of Representatives:

        Since the adjournment of the Congress has prevented my return 
    of H.R. 1404 within the meaning of Article I, section 7, clause 2 
    of the Constitution, my withholding of approval from the bill 
    precludes its becoming law. Notwithstanding what I believe to be my 
    constitutional power regarding the use of the ``pocket veto'' 
    during an adjournment of Congress, however, I am sending H.R. 1404 
    to the House of Representatives with my objections, consistent with 
    the Court of Appeals decision in Barnes v. Kline, 759 F.2d 21 (D.C. 
    Cir. 1985), cert. pending sub nom. Burke v. Barnes, No. 85-781. . . 
    .
        Unfortunately, H.R. 1404 does not simply provide protection for 
    this valuable habitat. It would also require the Secretary of the 
    Interior to develop a training center at the refuge for use by the 
    Service, other Federal and State agencies, educational 
    institutions, and private organizations and Individuals,
        In this time of fiscal constraint, the Federal Government must 
    limit its expenditures to matters of significant national concern. 
    The provisions of H.R. 1404 requiring establishment of a training 
    facility do not meet this test, The Service has fully adequate 
    training facilities already in place, including a facility at 
    Leetown, West Virginia, as well as the use of various private 
    sector facilities. In addition, the Service is actively supporting 
    the effort to clean up the Chesapeake Bay by designating an 
    existing Service field station in Annapolis, Maryland, as its 
    primary center for work on this important program. I believe that 
    it would be more appropriate for State or private entities to fund 
    and develop a training center if they consider it essential.
        For these reasons, I must return H.R. 1404 without my approval.
                                                Ronald Reagan.    
                                The White House, January 14, 1986.

        The SPEAKER.(30) The objections of the President 
    will be spread at large upon the Journal, and the message and bill 
    will be printed as a House document.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 30. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Walter] JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the veto message of the President, together 
    with the accompanying bill, H.R. 1404, be referred to the Committee 
    on Merchant Marine and Fisheries.
        The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman 
    from North Carolina? There was no 
    objection.                          -------------------

        FEDERAL EMPLOYEES BENEFITS IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1985_VETO MESSAGE 
          FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. 99-145)

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following veto message 
    from the President of the United States:

  To the House of Representatives:

        Since the adjournment of the Congress has prevented my return 
    of H.R. 3384 within the meaning of Article I, section 7, clause 2 
    of the Constitution, my withholding of approval from the bill 
    precludes its becoming law. Notwithstanding what I believe to be my 
    constitutional power regarding the use of the ``pocket veto'' 
    during an adjournment of Congress, however, I am sending H.R. 3384 
    to the House of Representatives with my objections, consistent with 
    the Court of Appeals decision in Barnes v. Kline, 759 F.2d 21 (D.C. 
    Cir. 1985), cert. pending sub nom. Burke v. Barnes, No. 85-781. . . 
    .
        In the meantime, I urge the Congress to act as soon as possible 
    to enact acceptable legislation that will permit Federal annuitants 
    to receive rebates of health insurance premiums without undue 
    further delay.
                                                Ronald Reagan.    
                                The White House, January 17, 1986.

        The SPEAKER. The objections of the President will be spread at 
    large upon the Journal, and the message and bill will be printed as 
    a House document.
        Ms. [Mary Rose] OAKAR [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that further consideration of the veto message of the 
    President on the bill, H.R. 3384, be postponed until February 20, 
    1986.
        The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tile request of the 
    gentlewoman from Ohio?
        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Reserving the right to 
    object, Mr. Speaker, it seems to me that the normal procedure for a 
    message of this type would be to vote on the bill today. The 
    President, I think, has made very clear that this is a matter which 
    involves a good deal of additional Federal spending that he does 
    not think we can afford at the present time. He has indicated that 
    the cost may be as much as a billion dollars additional to the 
    taxpayers in personnel costs. . . .
         Reserving the right to object, if the gentlewoman wants to 
    assign responsibilities, if we move forward with her motion, I will 
    assign the responsibility to her in the same vein that she has just 
    cost the taxpayers an extra billion dollars.
        Mr. Speaker, I object.
        The SPEAKER. Objection is heard.
        Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I move that further consideration of 
    the veto message on the bill, H.R. 3384, be postponed until 
    February 20, 1986.
        The SPEAKER. Will the gentlewoman withhold for a moment. The 
    Chair would advise the gentlewoman to refer to committee. It is my 
    understanding there was an agreement on both sides, but there is an 
    objection. Why does the gentlewoman not go to committee and 
    possibly report it out of the committee rather than taking an hour 
    of debate and a further rollcall?
        Ms, OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, if I might respond to the Speaker, we 
    were trying to deal very expeditiously with the situation.
        The SPEAKER. The gentlewoman may report it out of committee and 
    bring it up on the date that you had agreed upon.
        Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I agree with that from the standpoint 
    of the House, but we do not have the same kind of assurances from 
    the other body's standpoint, and if we thought in conjunction with 
    our colleagues in the other body we could just get a quick 
    postponement, we could deal expeditiously with this difficulty.
        The SPEAKER. In view of the fact that this is the first day 
    back, and under the announced schedule there are no rollcalls 
    anticipated, and there are over 100 Members out, the Chair would 
    ask the gentlewoman to take the suggested course of action.
        Ms. OAKAR. I agree, Mr. Speaker.
        Mr. Speaker, I move that the veto message on the bill, H.R. 
    3384, be referred to the Committee on Post Office and Civil 
    Service.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion offered by the 
    gentlewoman from Ohio [Ms. Oakar].
        The motion was agreed to.

Sec. 8.6 During a pro forma session at the commencement of a second 
    session of Congress, a standing committee of the House filed a 
    legislative report which was printed but not referred to the 
    appropriate Calendar of the House until the House resumed 
    legislative activity.(31)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. Parliamentarian's Note: Pursuant to House Concurrent Resolution 
        232, no organizational or legislative business was authorized 
        until January 22, 1980. 125 Cong. Rec. 37317, 96th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Dec. 20, 1979).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 17, 1980,(32) the Congressional Record noted 
the filing and printing (but not referral) of a committee report:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 126 Cong. Rec. 50, 96th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS    

        Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of committees were 
    delivered to the Clerk for printing and reference to the proper 
    calendar, as follows:

        Mr. ULLMAN: Committee on Ways and Means. House Concurrent 
    Resolution 204. Resolution approving the extension of 
    nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of the People's 
    Republic of China. (Rept. No. 96-733). And ordered to be printed.

Sec. 8.7 The Speaker laid before the House communications from the 
    chair of the Commission on Administrative Review transmitted 
    following adjournment sine die of the prior Congress, which were 
    ordered printed as House documents of the new Congress.

    On January 4, 1977,(33) the following communication was 
laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. 123 Cong. Rec. 77, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             COMMUNICATION FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMISSION ON 
                           ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [George] Danielson [of 
    California]) laid before the House the following communication from 
    the Chairman of the Commission on Administrative Review, which was 
    read and, without objection, ordered printed:
                                             Washington, D.C.,    
                                                December 20, 1976.
  The Speaker,
  U.S. House of Representatives,
  Washington, D.C.

        Dear Sir: The Commission on Administrative Review, established 
    by the House Resolution 1368 and incorporated into law by P.L. 94-
    440, was directed to study administrative operations and services 
    of the House of Representatives. The Commission was requested by 
    the Speaker to review and make recommendations to the House of 
    Representatives regarding House scheduling.
        Pursuant to this request the Commission on Administrative 
    Review transmits herewith its initial report on scheduling with 
    recommendations. This report is also intended to serve as the semi-
    annual report of the Commission mandated in the aforementioned 
    resolution.
        The Commission, in pursuing its responsibilities under H. Res. 
    1368, will continue to study and make recommendations in the 
    following areas:
        1. Scheduling of the House. Enclosed is a report and 
    recommendations. Further scheduling changes will be considered 
    later in the Commission study.
        2. Financial Management and Accountability. This area is now 
    being studied and the Commission plans to make recommendations to 
    the House early in 1977.
        3. Overall Organization of Administrative Units and Resource 
    Management. The Commission is studying the organizational structure 
    of administrative units as well as the resources available to the 
    House.
        4. Work Management. The Commission plans to look at the 
    management of work in Member and committee offices and make 
    recommendations to the House.

            Sincerely,
                                                 Dave R. Obey,    
                                                         Chairman.

Consideration of Legislation

Sec. 8.8 On opening day of the 104th Congress, following the adoption 
    of the standing rules, the House considered a legislative measure 
    pursuant to an order of the House contained in the resolution 
    adopting the rules.

    On January 4, 1995,(34) a legislative measure was 
considered on opening day of the 104th Congress, as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 141 Cong. Rec. 530, 534, 544, 545, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 1995    

        Mr. [Christopher] SHAYS [of Connecticut]. Mr. Speaker, as the 
    designee of the majority leader and pursuant to section 108 of 
    House Resolution 6,(35) I call up the bill (H.R. 1) to 
    make certain laws applicable to the legislative branch of the 
    Federal Government, and ask for its immediate consideration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. Parliamentarian's Note: House Resolution 6, the resolution adopting 
        the standing rules for the 104th Congress, was adopted earlier 
        on January 4, 1995. Section 108 of such resolution read: ``The 
        Rules of the House of Representatives of the One Hundred Third 
        Congress, including applicable provisions of law or concurrent 
        resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of 
        the One Hundred Third Congress, together with such amendments 
        thereto in this resolution as may otherwise have been adopted, 
        are adopted as the Rules of the House of Representatives of the 
        One Hundred Fourth Congress, with the following amendment: 
        Consideration of the ``Congressional Accountability Act'' It 
        shall be in order at any time after the adoption of this 
        resolution to consider in the House, any rule of the House to 
        the contrary notwithstanding, the bill (H.R. 1) to make certain 
        laws applicable to the legislative branch of the Federal 
        Government, if offered by the majority leader or a designee. 
        The bill shall be debatable for not to exceed one hour, to be 
        equally divided and controlled by the majority leader and the 
        minority leader or their designees. The previous question shall 
        be considered as ordered on the bill to final passage without 
        intervening motion except one motion to recommit.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read the title of the bill.
        The text of H.R. 1 is as follows:

H.R. 1

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``Congressional Accountability Act of 
1995''. . . 

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [William] Thomas [of California]). 
    Pursuant to the provisions of section 108 and title I of House 
    Resolution 6, it is now in order to consider H.R. 1, the 
    Congressional Accountability Act. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Vernon] Ehlers [of Michigan]). 
    Pursuant to section 108 of House Resolution 6, the previous 
    question is ordered.
        The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the 
    bill.
        The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time and 
    was read the third time.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the passage of the 
    bill.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Christopher H.] SHAYS [of Connecticut]. Mr. Speaker, on 
    that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    429, nays 0, not voting 5, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 15] . . .

        So the bill was passed.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



                 C. Other Assembly and Convening Issues



Sec. 9. Hour of Meeting

    Congress makes a distinction between regular calendar days and 
legislative days. Legislative days do not necessarily correspond to 
calendar days. A legislative day begins when the House convenes at the 
previously-determined time and the Chair calls the House to order. The 
legislative day ends when the House adjourns (most often by motion from 
the floor).(1) Such adjournment may take place on a 
different calendar day_for example, if the House were to adjourn after 
midnight on the day it convenes.(2) Thus, a single 
legislative day may span two or more calendar days. A mere recess of 
the House does not end the legislative day,(3) and the House 
has used recess authority to continue a single legislative day across a 
number of calendar days.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. For adjournment generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 40.
 2. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.1.
 3. For recesses generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 39 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 39.
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 39 Sec. 2.21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When the House adjourns, it most often adjourns to meet on the next 
calendar day.(5) However, there have been instances where 
the House adjourned to meet on the same calendar day_perhaps just a few 
hours after the adjournment (often in the context of an order of the 
House to change the convening time of the next legislative day). This 
effectively creates two legislative days within a single calendar 
day.(6) The House has employed this method of convening 
usually to satisfy layover periods for the consideration of certain 
matters.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. Parliamentarian's Note: Of course, any time the House adjourns 
        after midnight to meet at the regularly scheduled time later 
        that morning, it is technically adjourning from one calendar 
        day to meet on the same calendar day. But this does not create 
        two legislative days within one calendar day because each 
        meeting would begin on a different calendar day.
 6. See Sec. 9.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    By long custom, Sundays are considered ``dies non'' and not treated 
as regular calendar days for purposes of convening or adjournment. For 
example, Sundays are not counted when evaluating the constitutional 
requirement that neither House may adjourn for more than three days 
without the consent of the other House (allowing, for instance, an 
adjournment from Friday to Tuesday).(7) If the House were in 
session on a Saturday, and a motion to adjourn agreed to, the House 
would next meet on Monday (assuming no other adjournment authorities 
were applicable).(8) To conduct a session of the House on a 
Sunday, the House would need to formally authorize that Sunday meeting 
(by unanimous consent,(9) simple resolution, or privileged 
motion under clause 4 of rule XVI).(10) It is not common for 
the House to meet on a Saturday, but if a motion to adjourn over a 
weekend (for example, from Friday to Monday) is rejected, the adoption 
of a simple motion to adjourn on a Friday would cause the House to meet 
for a Saturday session.(11) Legal public holidays, as 
defined in law,(12) are regular meeting days for Congress 
unless Congress provides otherwise.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See 5 Hinds' Precedents Sec. Sec. 6673, 6674. Further, the 
        Constitution provides that Sundays do not count for veto 
        purposes. See U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 7; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 111 (2017).
 8. See, e.g., 109 Cong. Rec. 24634, 87th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 14, 
        1963).
 9. See, e.g., 156 Cong. Rec. 4025, 111th Cong. 2d Sess. (Mar. 20, 
        2010).
10. House Rules and Manual Sec. 913 (2017).
11. See Sec. 9.5, infra.
12. 5 U.S.C. Sec. 6103.
13. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On opening day of a new session of Congress, the House will adopt a 
resolution setting the daily hour of meeting.(14) This 
resolution specifies the default times at which the House will meet on 
each calendar day. The House may change this schedule at any point, 
either altering the default convening times by agreeing to a new 
resolution (or amending the existing resolution)(15) or 
changing the next day's convening time on an ad hoc basis (most often 
by unanimous consent(16) or privileged 
motion).(17) A change to the next day's convening time may 
be vacated by unanimous consent.(18) The Committee of the 
Whole does not entertain requests to change the time for the next day's 
convening.(19) The resolution setting the daily hour of 
meeting is applicable to one session of Congress only, and a new 
resolution is required for each session.(20) When the House 
is recalled from an adjournment, absent other applicable adjournment 
authorities that may have been provided, the House would meet at the 
time established in the order providing for the daily hour of 
meeting.(21)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. See Sec. 9.2, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 3.10.
15. See Sec. 9.3, infra.
16. See Sec. 9.6, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. Sec. 3.3, 3.12.
17. See Sec. 9.7, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 3.11.
18. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.13.
19. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.14.
20. See Sec. 9.2, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.
21. See Sec. 9.4, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Beginning in the 103d Congress, the House has provided for so-
called ``morning-hour debate,'' in which the House would convene 
earlier than the regular convening time in order to allow Members to 
engage in non-legislative debate (similar to special-order speeches 
permitted after legislative business has been completed for the 
day).(22) On days when morning-hour debate is authorized, 
the House convenes at the prescribed earlier convening time, and the 
Chair recognizes Members who wish to deliver speeches at that time. 
Morning-hour debate continues until ten minutes before the time of 
regular convening (or sooner if no further Members wish to be 
recognized), and the Chair declares a recess until the resumption of 
regular legislative business.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. For more on non-legislative debate, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        29 Sec. 73 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When the time of convening is changed by unanimous consent, the 
provisions of the House order establishing morning-hour debate cease to 
apply. If the unanimous-consent request to alter the convening time 
does not specify a convening time for morning-hour 
debate,(23) or explicitly states that the order for morning-
hour debate shall not apply,(24) then the House will simply 
convene for regular legislative business at the time designated in the 
request. The request may, however, specify that morning-hour debate 
will take place_either at the time established by the original morning-
hour order, or a different time.(25)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 158 Cong. Rec. 15526, 15527, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. (Nov. 27, 2012).
24. 159 Cong. Rec. H1316 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 6, 
        2013).
25. 158 Cong. Rec. 5425, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. (Apr. 24, 2012).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Two Legislative Days in One Calendar Day

Sec. 9.1 A motion under clause 4 of rule XVI(26) that when 
    the House adjourns it stand adjourned to a day and time certain may 
    provide that when the House adjourn it stand adjourned to a time 
    certain later on the same calendar day, in which case the House 
    will conduct two legislative days on a single calendar day.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. House Rules and Manual Sec. 911 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 29, 1987,(27) the House convened for two 
legislative days on one calendar day as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. 133 Cong. Rec. 29933, 29935, 100th Cong. 1st Sess. See Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 9.3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  MOTION TO ADJOURN UNTIL 3:15 P.M. TODAY    

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I move, 
    pursuant to clause 4 of rule XVI, that when the House adjourns 
    today it adjourn to meet at 3:15 p.m. today.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Harold Lee] Volkmer [of 
    Missouri]). The question is on the motion offered by the gentleman 
    from Washington [Mr. Foley].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Chester Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. Mr. Speaker, I 
    object to the vote on the ground that a quorum is not present and 
    make the point of order that a quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    243, nays 166, not voting 25, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 386] . . 
                 .                          -------------------

                                ADJOURNMENT    

        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now adjourn.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Volkmer). The question is on the 
    motion offered by the gentleman from Washington [Mr. Foley].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Robert Smith] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, on 
    that, I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device and there were--yeas 
    236, nays 171, not voting 27, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 387] . . .

        So the motion was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        Accordingly (at 3 o'clock and 15 minutes p.m.), under its 
    previous order, the House adjourned until today, Thursday, October 
    29, 1987, at 3:15 p.m. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                           SECOND LEGISLATIVE DAY    

        The House met at 3:15 p.m.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        Remind us each day, O God, that the greatest gift that any of 
    us might possess is the attitude of thanksgiving. From the rising 
    of the Sun until the going down of the same, at all the times of 
    life, may we treasure every moment to express praise and joy for 
    all the wonderful gifts of life-the gifts of freedom and renewal, 
    the gifts of family and friendships, and the gift of grace. 
    Amen.                          -------------------

                                THE JOURNAL    

        The SPEAKER.(28) The Chair has examined the Journal 
    of the last day's proceedings and announces to the House his 
    approval thereof.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Journal stands approved.
        Mr. [Philip Miller] CRANE [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant 
    to clause 1, rule I, I demand a vote on agreeing to the Speaker's 
    approval of the Journal.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the Chair's approval of the 
    Journal.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Robert Smith] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will take the parliamentary inquiry of 
    the gentleman.
        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.
        We are about to cast a vote. Is the Journal available for 
    inspection by the Members?
        The SPEAKER. The Journal is indeed available.
        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    245, nays 161, answered ``present'' 2, not voting 25, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 388] . . .

        So the Journal was approved.
        The result of the vote was announced as above 
    recorded.                          -------------------

    Similarly, on November 17, 1981,(29) the House convened 
for two legislative days on the same calendar day as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 127 Cong. Rec. 27768, 27769-71, 97th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 5.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          (FIRST LEGISLATIVE DAY)    

        The House met at 12 o'clock noon and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Wright). . . 
    .                          -------------------

                              PRIVATE CALENDAR    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] Murtha [of Pennsylvania]). 
    This is Private Calendar day. The Clerk will call the first 
    individual bill on the Private Calendar. . . .
         . . . vessel of the United States so as to be entitled to 
    engage in the coastwise trade.''
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
        Mr. [Edward] BOLAND [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that further reading of the Private Calendar be 
    dispensed with.
        Mr. [Robert Smith] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I 
    object.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard.
        Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker I move further reading of the Private 
    Calendar be dispensed 
    with.                          -------------------

                               POINT OF ORDER    

        Mr. [Frank James] SENSENBRENNER [of Wisconsin]. Mr. Speaker, I 
    make a point of order against the motion.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his point of 
    order.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, clause 6 of rule XXIV, the 
    second paragraph says that--

  On the third Tuesday of each month after the disposal of such business on 
the Speaker's table as requires reference only, the Speaker may direct the 
Clerk to call the bills and resolutions on the Private Calendar.

        There is a precedent that the Private Calendar may be dispensed 
    with, but that was only before the first bill was called on the 
    Private Calendar.
        I would state that since the first bill has been called on the 
    Private Calendar, in order to comply with clause 6 of rule XXIV, 
    the complete Private Calendar must be called unless dispensed with 
    by unanimous consent. The unanimous-consent request has been 
    objected to.
        I believe that the point of order should be sustained and the 
    motion should be ruled out of order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will note that under clause 
    6, rule XXIV on the first Tuesday of each month, a two-thirds vote 
    is required to dispense with the call of Private Calendar, that 
    call being automatic. The Speaker's authority to direct the call is 
    discretionary on the third Tuesday, and so the rule is silent on 
    the motion to dispense with the call, and consistent with that 
    discretionary authority and absent any precedent to the contrary, 
    the point of order should be overruled.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I appeal the decision of the 
    Chair.
        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Washington.
        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the motion to appeal the 
    Chair's decision be laid on the table.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion to lay 
    the appeal from the Chair's decision on the table.
        The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. 
    Sensenbrenner) there were--yeas 75, nays, 37.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I object to the vote on the 
    grounds that a quorum is not present and make the point of order 
    that a quorum is not present.
        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I have a privileged motion at the desk.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion.
        The Clerk read as follows:

  Mr. Foley moves that when the House adjourns today it adjourn to meet at 
4 p.m. today.

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I move to table the motion.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the last sentence of clause 4, 
    rule XVI, that motion to adjourn is not debatable and therefore 
    cannot be laid on the table.
        The question is on the motion.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
    nays.
        The yeas and nay were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    191, nays 172, not voting 70, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 306] . . .

        So the motion was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above 
    recorded.                          -------------------

                                ADJOURNMENT    

        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now adjourn.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Foley).
        The question was taken, and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    188, nays 172, not voting 73, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 307] . . .

        So the motion was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        Accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 19 minutes p.m.) the House 
    adjourned until 4 o'clock p.m. . . .

                          (SECOND LEGISLATIVE DAY)    

        The House met at 4 p.m.
        The Chaplain, Rev. James David Ford, D.D., offered the 
    following prayer:
        The sum of Thy word is truth; and every one of Thy righteous 
    ordinances endures forever._Psalm 119: 160.
        0 God, as we move on with the necessary details that press upon 
    us, we remember Your commandments and ordinances that speak the 
    truth to people in every generation. With all the pressures of 
    life, may we recognize our need to focus on the eternal verities 
    and the timeless truths that have been the heritage of a free 
    people. May all who seek to be truly human and desire to reflect 
    Your love, bind together in harmony and peace that justice may roll 
    down like waters and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream. 
    Amen.

Daily Hour of Meeting

Sec. 9.2 By privileged resolution, the House establishes as a standing 
    order the daily hours of meeting for a session of a Congress.

    On January 3, 2013,(30) a privileged resolution 
establishing the daily hour of meeting for the first session of the 
113th Congress was considered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 159 Cong. Rec. H24 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         FIXING THE DAILY HOUR OF MEETING OF THE FIRST SESSION OF THE 
                               113TH CONGRESS    

        Mr. [Pete] SESSIONS of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 9

  Resolved, That unless otherwise ordered, the hour of daily meeting of the 
House shall be 2 p.m. on Monday; noon on Tuesdays (or 2 p.m. if no 
legislative business was conducted on the preceding Monday); noon on 
Wednesdays and Thursdays; and 9 a.m. on all other days of the week.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    Similarly, on January 7, 2014,(31) a privileged 
resolution establishing the daily hour of meeting for the second 
session of the 113th Congress was considered as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 160 Cong. Rec. H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 PROVIDING FOR THE HOUR OF MEETING OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk a privileged 
    resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 452

  Resolved, That unless otherwise ordered, the hour of daily meeting of the 
House shall be 2 p.m. on Mondays; noon on Tuesdays (or 2 p.m. if no 
legislative business was conducted on the preceding Monday); noon on 
Wednesdays and Thursdays; and 9 a.m. on all other days of the week.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

Sec. 9.3 The House adopted a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules providing, inter alia, for an 
    amendment to the resolution establishing the daily hour of meeting 
    for a session of a Congress.

    On February 12, 2009,(32) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 155 Cong. Rec. 3832, 3833, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF MOTIONS TO SUSPEND THE RULES    

        Mr. [Ed] PERLMUTTER [of Colorado]. Madam Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 157 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 157

    Resolved, That it shall be in order at any time through the legislative 
day of February 13, 2009, for the Speaker to entertain motions that the 
House suspend the rules. The Speaker or her designee shall consult with the 
Minority Leader or his designee on the designation of any matter for 
consideration pursuant to this section.

  Sec. 2. The matter after the resolved clause of House Resolution 10 is 
amended to read as follows: ``That unless otherwise ordered, before Monday, 
May 18, 2009, the hour of daily meeting of the House shall be 2 p.m. on 
Mondays; noon on Tuesdays; 10 a.m. on Wednesday and Thursday, and 9 a.m. on 
all other days of the week; and from Monday, May 18, 2009, until the end of 
the first session, the hour of daily meeting of the House shall be noon on 
Mondays; 10 a.m. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays; and 9 a.m. on all 
other days of the week.''.

Sec. 9.4 When the House reassembles from an adjournment as a 
    continuation of that session of the Congress, its standing order 
    for hours of meeting for that session remains 
    effective.(33)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Parliamentarian's Note: The resolution establishing the daily hour 
        of meeting for the second session of the 105th Congress (House 
        Resolution 337) provided for convening times (after May 18, 
        1998) of noon on Mondays, 10:00 a.m. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, 
        and Thursdays, and 9:00 a.m. on all other days. 144 Cong. Rec. 
        75, 105th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 27, 1998). On December 14, 1998, 
        the Speaker sent a formal notification to Members to reassemble 
        on December 17, 1998, pursuant to the recall authority 
        contained in the resolution of adjournment (House Concurrent 
        Resolution 353). See 144 Cong. Rec. 27348, 105th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Oct. 20, 1998) and 144 Cong. Rec. 27770, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Dec. 17, 1998). The provisions of House Resolution 337 were 
        thus still applicable when the House reassembled. So when the 
        House adjourned on December 17, 1998, to meet again on December 
        18, 1998, the default convening time set by House Resolution 
        337 was used.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 17, 1998,(34) the following motion was 
agreed to by the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 144 Cong. Rec. 27802, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                ADJOURNMENT    

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I move that the 
    House do now adjourn.
        The motion was agreed to; accordingly (at 3 o'clock and 36 
    minutes p.m.), the House adjourned until tomorrow, Friday, December 
    18, 1998, at 9 a.m.

Sec. 9.5 Following rejection of a motion under clause 4 of rule 
    XVI(35) to adjourn for three days over a weekend, the 
    Speaker indicated that the House would be required to convene at 
    the established hour on Friday and, if a quorum were not present, 
    at the same time on Saturday.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. House Rules and Manual Sec. 911 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On February 17, 1977,(36) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 123 Cong. Rec. 4579-81, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [James] WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I move that when 
    the House adjourns today it adjourn to meet on Monday next.
        The SPEAKER.(37) The question is on the motion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The question was taken and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I object to the 
    vote on the ground that a quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman demand the yeas and nays or 
    object to the vote?
        Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I demand the yeas and nays.
        The SPEAKER. May the Chair announce so the Members may 
    understand, this is a question on adjourning to Monday next. If the 
    House fails to adjourn to Monday we will meet tomorrow at 11 a.m. 
    In the event there is no quorum tomorrow the House will meet on 
    Saturday at 11 a.m. I just want the Members to understand the 
    procedure and what may happen.
        The gentleman from Maryland has asked for the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were_yeas 
    109, nays 224, not voting 98, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 22] . . .

        So the motion was rejected.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER. The Chair announces that when the House adjourns 
    today, it will adjourn to meet tomorrow. . . .
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        Mr. [Samuel] DEVINE [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I make this 
    parliamentary inquiry as a result of the vote not to adjourn over 
    until Monday and the announcement that the House would reconvene at 
    11 o'clock tomorrow. Are there any circumstances that the Chair 
    could perceive under which the pay raise legislation would be 
    considered by the House tomorrow?
        The SPEAKER. The only possibility would be if unanimous consent 
    were asked, and the Chair would recognize a gentleman or 
    gentlewoman for that purpose, and if there were not an objection, 
    then there would be a vote. That would be the only possibility. The 
    Chair has been informed that there will be objections.
        Mr. DEVINE. I thank the Speaker.

Changing the Time of Convening

Sec. 9.6 The House by unanimous consent may change its convening time 
    for the next day's session.

    On March 5, 2013,(38) the House transacted the following 
unanimous-consent request:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. 159 Cong. Rec. H979 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        HOUR OF MEETING ON TOMORROW    

        Mr. [Tom] COLE [of Oklahoma]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that when the House adjourns today, it adjourn to meet at 
    10 a.m. tomorrow.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(39) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Oklahoma?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. Rob Woodall (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.

Sec. 9.7 Pursuant to clause 4(c)(1)(B) of rule XVI,(40) the 
    Speaker may entertain, a motion that when the House adjourns it 
    stand adjourned to a day and time certain, and the adoption of such 
    motion will supersede the resolution establishing the daily hour of 
    meeting for that particular day.(41)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. House Rules and Manual Sec. 913 (2017).
41. Parliamentarian's Note: The resolution setting the daily hour of 
        meeting for the first session of the 112th Congress (House 
        Resolution 10) established noon as the default convening time 
        for the next day's session (a Tuesday).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 20, 2011,(42) the following motion was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 157 Cong. Rec. 21439, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        HOUR OF MEETING ON TOMORROW    

        Mr. [Peter] ROSKAM [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to 
    clause 4 of rule XVI, I move that when the House adjourns today, it 
    adjourn to meet at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
        The SPEAKER.(43) The question is on the motion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The motion was agreed to.



Sec. 10. Place of Meeting

    In addition to the constitutional requirement regarding the time of 
adjournment (i.e., that both Houses must agree if either House wishes 
to adjourn for longer than three days), a similar requirement is 
imposed regarding the place to which either House may 
adjourn.(1) Neither House, without the consent of the other, 
may adjourn to ``any other Place than that in which the two Houses 
shall be sitting.''(2) The meaning of ``place'' in this 
clause of the Constitution has been interpreted as the seat of 
government, which is defined by law as the territory of the United 
States included within the limits of the District of 
Columbia.(3) Thus, the House may meet at another location 
within the District of Columbia without the consent of the Senate, but 
the House may not meet outside the District of Columbia without such 
consent.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 2 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 40.
 2. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 4.; House Rules and Manual Sec. 84 
        (2017).
 3. 4 U.S.C. Sec. 71. In the earliest days of the United States, 
        Congress met at several locations (including New York and 
        Philadelphia) prior to establishing the District of Columbia as 
        the permanent seat of government. Congress has met in 
        Washington, D.C., for every session of Congress since the 
        second session of the Sixth Congress (1800). Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 4.
 4. In the 108th Congress, clause 12 of rule I was amended to provide 
        standing authority for the Speaker to convene the House at a 
        place within the seat of government other than the Hall of the 
        House should circumstances warrant. House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 108th Congress, the House and Senate adopted a concurrent 
resolution providing authority for the Speaker of the House and the 
Majority Leader of the Senate (or their designees), in consultation 
with the minority leaders of each body, to notify Members and Senators 
to assemble outside the seat of government should circumstances 
warrant.(5) This authority was provided in response to the 
terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, which raised the possibility 
of a potential attack upon the Capitol and the inability of Members and 
Senators to meet within the seat of government. In subsequent 
Congresses, the House has adopted similar concurrent resolutions 
providing this authority to meet outside the seat of government, but 
the Senate has not concurred since the 108th Congress.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. See Sec. 10.2, infra.
 6. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H29 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Beginning in the 107th Congress, concurrent resolutions of 
adjournment have provided authority for the House and Senate to be 
recalled to a different location should circumstances 
warrant.(7) The authority provided is the same as described 
above: the Speaker of the House and Majority Leader of the Senate (or 
their designees) may exercise recall authority (joint or separate) to 
another location, after consultation with the minority leaders of each 
body.(8) This language regarding possible recall to a 
location outside the seat of government is now standard for virtually 
all concurrent resolutions of adjournment.(9) However, 
beginning in the 113th Congress, concurrent resolutions also have 
provided for separate recall authority for the House and 
Senate.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See Sec. 10.1, infra.
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: While it was formerly the case that recall 
        authorities in adjournment resolutions provided that such 
        authority be exercised jointly by the Majority Leader of the 
        Senate and the Speaker of the House, since the 113th Congress, 
        recall authorities have typically provided that these officials 
        may separately recall their respective Houses. For more on 
        recalling the House from an adjournment, see Sec. 11, infra. 
        See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. Sec. 13, 15 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 40.
 9. See Sec. 11.2, infra.
10. See Sec. 11.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When the House assembles in the District of Columbia, it meets in 
the House Chamber of the United States Capitol building.(11) 
Throughout its history, the House has had occasion to meet elsewhere 
within the District of Columbia. For example, extensive renovations 
were performed on the House Chamber in the 76th and 81st Congresses, 
and the House met temporarily in one of the House office buildings 
until such renovations were complete.(12) In the 35th 
Congress, the Capitol wings were extended for the construction of new 
House and Senate chambers, and the House adjourned (by simple 
resolution) to meet in the new House Chamber on December 14, 
1857.(13) During the War of 1812, the Capitol was nearly 
destroyed by the British army, and the House and Senate were forced to 
meet for several years in temporary accommodations.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. For more on the House Chamber, the Capitol, and the Capitol Grounds 
        generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 4.
12. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 4.1, 4.2.
13. See 5 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 7271.
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Presidential inauguration ceremonies, which take place 
quadrennially on the West Front of the Capitol,(15) are 
actual sessions of the House, and the resolution authorizing the 
House's participation in such ceremonies provides for an automatic 
adjournment of the House upon conclusion of the 
ceremonies.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Parliamentarian's Note: Between 1829 and 1977, inauguration 
        ceremonies took place on the East Portico of the Capitol. See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 25.
16. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 4.7 and Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 36 Sec. 25.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to formal sessions of the House, the House may also 
meet for ceremonial or other informal occasions inside (or outside) the 
seat of government. A ceremonial ``National Day of 
Reconciliation''(17) was held in the Capitol Rotunda on 
December 4, 2001.(18) Congress met for a ceremonial meeting 
at Federal Hall in New York City on September 6, 2002, in remembrance 
of the victims of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 
2001.(19) Congress also met for a special ceremony in 
Philadelphia to celebrate the bicentennial of the United States 
Constitution.(20) On one occasion, the House was invited by 
the Senate to hear an address by Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 
the Senate Chamber.(21)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Parliamentarian's Note: While the concurrent resolution that 
        authorized this event used the term ``assemble,'' this meeting 
        was merely a ceremonial occasion and did not represent an 
        actual session of either the House or the Senate.
18. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.2.
19. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 16.4. For another ceremonial 
        occasion in New York City (to celebrate the bicentennial 
        anniversary of the meeting of the First Congress), see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 4.1.
20. See Deschler's Precedents Ch 36 Sec. 4.5.
21. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 4.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House has also conducted a variety of closed security briefings 
and secret sessions,(22) both inside the House Chamber and 
at other locations. Security briefings of various kinds have taken 
place in the House Chamber itself,(23) the Capitol Visitor 
Center,(24), the Library of Congress,(25) and 
committee rooms.(26) Such meetings are not formal sessions 
of the House, and usually take place during a recess of the House or 
prior to convening for regular legislative business.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. For more on secret sessions, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 
        Sec. 85.
23. See, e.g., 150 Cong. Rec. 928, 929, 108th Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 3, 
        2004). For further examples of announcements regarding closed 
        security briefings in the chamber (or recesses taken to 
        accommodate such briefings), see: 144 Cong. Rec. 17466, 17467, 
        105th Cong. 2d Sess. (July 27, 1998); 145 Cong. Rec. 4338, 
        106th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 11, 1999); 145 Cong. Rec. 4863, 
        106th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 18, 1999); 147 Cong. Rec. 16761, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 11, 2001); 147 Cong. Rec. 16947, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 13, 2001); 147 Cong. Rec. 17918, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 25, 2001); 147 Cong. Rec. 18657, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Oct. 3, 2001); 148 Cong. Rec. 658, 107th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 6, 2002); 148 Cong. Rec. 4771, 107th Cong. 
        2d Sess. (Apr. 17, 2002); 148 Cong. Rec. 10136, 107th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (June 12, 2002); 149 Cong. Rec. 4474, 108th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Feb. 26, 2003); 149 Cong. Rec. 7537, 108th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Mar. 26, 2003); and 149 Cong. Rec. 10946, 108th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (May 8, 2003). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. 3.19.
24. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 9.3.
25. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 3.18, 4.3-4.5.
26. See 149 Cong. Rec. 6927, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 20, 2003) and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 1.15.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 10.1 The House and Senate have adopted a concurrent resolution of 
    adjournment that included authorization for the recall of both 
    Houses (by the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the 
    Senate, acting jointly, after consultation with the minority 
    leaders of each body), and provided that each House may reassemble 
    at a location outside the seat of government.(27)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Parliamentarian's Note: This was the first adjournment resolution 
        that included recall language authorizing reassembly at a place 
        to be designated by the Speaker of the House and Majority 
        Leader of the Senate. Language providing authority to 
        reassemble at a place outside the seat of government is now a 
        common feature of adjournment resolutions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 17, 2001,(28) a concurrent resolution of 
adjournment was adopted as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 147 Cong. Rec. 20210-11, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 13.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE FROM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 
          17, 2001, TO TUESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2001, AND FOR CONDITIONAL 
        RECESS OR ADJOURNMENT OF THE SENATE FROM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 
         2001, OR THURSDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2001, TO TUESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 
                                      2001

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 251) and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 251

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
when the House adjourns on the legislative day of Wednesday, October 17, 
2001, it stand adjourned until 12:30 p.m. on Tuesday, October 23, 2001, for 
morning hour debate, or until Members are notified to reassemble pursuant 
to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, whichever occurs first; and 
that when the Senate recesses or adjourns at the close of business on 
Wednesday, October 17, 2001, OR Thursday, October 18, 2001, on a motion 
offered pursuant to this concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or 
his designee, it stand recessed or adjourned until 10 a.m. on Tuesday, 
October 23, 2001, or at such other time on that day as may be specified by 
its Majority Leader or his designee in the motion to recess or adjourn, or 
until Members are notified to reassemble pursuant to section 2 of this 
concurrent resolution, whichever occurs first.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate, 
acting jointly after consultation with the Minority Leader of the House and 
the Minority Leader of the Senate, shall notify the Members of the House 
and the Senate, respectively, to reassemble at such place and time as they 
may designate whenever, in their opinion, the public interest shall warrant 
it.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 10.2 In the 108th Congress, the House and Senate agreed to a 
    concurrent resolution providing anticipatory standing 
    consent(29) for the two Houses to assemble at a place 
    outside the seat of government whenever, in the opinion of the 
    Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate (or 
    their designees), acting jointly and after consultation with the 
    minority leaders of each body, circumstances warrant such assembly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Parliamentarian's Note: This standing order of both Houses provided 
        authority to assemble outside the seat of government during the 
        entirety of the 108th Congress. As of this writing, the House 
        has agreed to similar concurrent resolutions in each subsequent 
        Congress, but the Senate has not. Resolutions of adjournment 
        now typically provide ad hoc authority to assemble the House 
        and Senate outside the seat of government should circumstances 
        warrant. See, e.g., Sec. 11.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2003,(30) the House adopted a concurrent 
resolution as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 149 Cong. Rec. 21, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        REGARDING CONSENT TO ASSEMBLE OUTSIDE THE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT    


        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 1) and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 1

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
pursuant to clause 4, section 5, article I of the Constitution, during the 
One Hundred Eighth Congress the Speaker of the House and the Majority 
Leader of the Senate or their respective designees, acting jointly after 
consultation with the Minority Leader of the House and the Minority Leader 
of the Senate, may notify the Members of the House and the Senate, 
respectively, to assemble at a place outside the District of Columbia 
whenever, in their opinion, the public interest shall warrant it.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    On February 13, 2003,(31) the Senate agreed to the 
concurrent resolution:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 147 Cong. Rec. 4080, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             CONSENT TO ASSEMBLE OUTSIDE THE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT    

        Mr. [William] FRIST [of Tennessee]. Madam President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the immediate 
    consideration of H. Con. Res. 1, which is at the desk.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(32) The clerk will report the 
    concurrent resolution by title.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. John Cornyn (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The legislative clerk read as follows:

  A concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 1) regarding consent to assemble 
outside the seat of government.

        There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the 
    concurrent resolution.
        Mr. FRIST. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the 
    concurrent resolution be agreed to and the motion to reconsider be 
    laid upon the table.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
        The concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 1) was agreed to.



Sec. 11. Recall, Reassembly, and Emergency Convening

    The House has, for many years, provided authority for the Speaker 
to recall the House during certain periods of 
adjournment.(1) These reconvening or reassembly authorities 
have evolved considerably in recent years.(2) The various 
elements to such recall authority may be described as follows: first, 
the chamber (House or Senate, or both) to which the recall authority 
applies; second, the individuals vested with the authority to recall; 
and third, the time period covered by the recall authority. Recall 
authorities have varied over time with respect to all three elements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. For a previous discussion of recall authorities in the context of 
        adjournment, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. Sec. 13, 15.
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: The authority to recall the Houses of 
        Congress during a period of adjournment appears to have its 
        origin in the years following the entry of the United States 
        into the Second World War. The exigencies of the war apparently 
        furnished the impetus for providing this authority on an ad hoc 
        basis in adjournment resolutions, on the assumption that 
        Congress may need to quickly convene in order to attend to war-
        related emergencies. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 
        Sec. Sec. 3.16, 3.17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pursuant to the Constitution,(3) resolutions of 
adjournment for more than three days must be adopted by both Houses of 
Congress, and such resolutions have often provided ad hoc authority for 
the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate to 
recall their respective chambers during the period of adjournment 
contemplated by the resolution. Because such concurrent resolutions of 
adjournment typically provide for the adjournment of both Houses, 
recall authorities included therein will usually authorize either House 
(or both) to be recalled.(4) Occasionally, Congress will 
adopt a concurrent resolution of adjournment for one House only (the 
other House choosing to remain in session), in which case the recall 
authorities provided by such resolution will apply only to the 
adjourning House.(5) On one occasion, a concurrent 
resolution of adjournment contained separate sections authorizing: (1) 
joint recall of both Houses; and (2) separate recall of the House 
only.(6) There have also been instances where the 
adjournment of both Houses was achieved by adopting two separate 
concurrent resolutions of adjournment_one for each House_with recall 
authorities in each resolution applicable to the House covered by that 
resolution.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 4; House Rules and Manual Sec. 84 
        (2017).
 4. See Sec. Sec. 11.1-11.3, infra.
 5. See Sec. 11.5, infra.
 6. See Sec. 11.6, infra.
 7. See Sec. 11.4, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted, recall authority in modern practice is exercised by the 
Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the 
Senate.(8) The concurrent resolution of adjournment 
authorizing reassembly may provide that such recall authorities by 
exercised jointly(9) by the Speaker and Majority Leader, or 
separately.(10) If the adjournment resolution provides for 
joint recall by the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the 
Senate, then both Houses must reassemble on the same 
date.(11) By contrast, if the recall authorities are to be 
exercised separately, each official may determine the dates of 
reassembly for each House (which need not be the same). The role of the 
Minority Leader of the House and the Minority Leader of the Senate has 
generally been consultative only, i.e., the Speaker of the House and 
the Majority Leader of the Senate are required to consult with the 
minority leaders of their respective bodies before issuing a recall 
notice.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: Under earlier practice, exercise of recall 
        authority in the Senate was vested in the President pro tempore 
        of the Senate. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 3.16.
 9. See Sec. 11.2, infra.
10. See Sec. 11.1, infra.
11. For an example of an adjournment resolution contemplating joint 
        recall but with the possibility that the Speaker of the House 
        and the Majority Leader of the Senate could jointly authorize 
        each House to reassemble on different dates, see Sec. 11.3, 
        infra.
12. Parliamentarian's Note: In some earlier examples of recall 
        authority (prior to the 95th Congress), the minority leaders of 
        each House were granted authority to exercise joint recall 
        authority by filing written requests with the Secretary of the 
        Senate and the Clerk of the House. See, e.g., 121 Cong. Rec. 
        41973, 94th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 19, 1975).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the House 
and Senate recognized the danger of confining recall authority to the 
Speaker of the House and Majority Leader of the Senate, as the death or 
incapacity of such individuals would prevent recall authorities from 
being legitimately exercised. Thus, concurrent resolutions in the 107th 
Congress began to include authority for the Speaker of the House and 
Majority Leader of the Senate to designate alternate individuals to 
exercise recall authority should the need arise.(13) The 
system for designating Members of the House to exercise recall 
authorities in the case of death or incapacity of the Speaker has 
gradually been regularized. Ad hoc authority for the Speaker to name 
recall designees(14) was replaced by ``durable'' 
designations in the form of a letter filed with the Clerk and laid 
before the House.(15) Designations contained in such letter 
remain applicable for the duration of the Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. See Sec. 11.5, infra.
14. See, e.g., 148 Cong. Rec. 15138, 15139, 107th Cong. 2d Sess. (July 
        26, 2002). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 13.5.
15. For the first example of such a letter, see 149 Cong. Rec. 6123, 
        108th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 13, 2003).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With respect to the time period covered by recall authority, such 
authority is typically confined to the period of adjournment 
established by the concurrent resolution. For adjournment periods of 
not more than three days, the Speaker has authority under clause 12(e) 
of rule I to reconvene the House at a time other than that previously 
appointed, should the public interest warrant such 
reassembly.(16) For adjournment periods longer than three 
days, the recall authority extends to the entire adjournment period. 
Adjournments sine die, which bring a session of a Congress to a close, 
previously did not regularly provide recall authority, as the 
possibility of reconvening for further legislative business is in 
tension with the declaration that the House has completed its work for 
the session and is ready to adjourn sine die. Nevertheless, recall 
authority has been included in sine die adjournment resolutions in the 
past, and such language is now commonplace.(17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
17. See, e.g., 161 Cong. Rec. H10707, H10708 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (Dec. 18, 2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to authorizing reassembly from periods of adjournment, 
Congress has also passed joint resolutions that contemplate convening 
the House (or Senate) earlier than otherwise scheduled at the beginning 
of a second session of Congress. Such authority is sometimes referred 
to as ``precall'' authority because the House (or Senate) is not being 
recalled to continue an existing session, but is instead accelerating 
the convening of a subsequent session. Thus, the joint resolution will 
provide for a change to the convening date of the new session (i.e. a 
later convening date than the default January 3 commencement) and also 
provide for the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the 
Senate to convene their respective chambers earlier than this 
established date of assembly, should the public interest warrant 
it.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. See Sec. 11.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted above,(19) the House and Senate may be recalled 
to a different place (other than the seat of government) when the 
resolution of adjournment permits such reassembly.(20) This 
language regarding recall to an alternate location has become standard 
in adjournment resolutions since the 107th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. See Sec. 10, supra.
20. See Sec. 11.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Since the 105th Congress, Congress has been recalled from a period 
of adjournment on seven separate occasions. In some cases, both the 
House and the Senate were recalled.(21) In other cases, only 
one House was recalled_either because the other House was still in 
session(22) or because the other House had already adjourned 
sine die.(23)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. See Sec. Sec. 11.11, 11.13, infra; and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 
        Sec. Sec. 13.12, 13.13.
22. See Sec. 11.10, infra; and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 
        Sec. Sec. 13.8-13.11.
23. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 15.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to providing recall authority in resolutions of 
adjournment, the House has also adopted standing rules that provide 
special convening authority in emergency circumstances. Under clause 
12(c) of rule I(24) (first adopted in the 108th Congress), 
during periods of adjournment of not more than three days, the 
Sergeant-at-Arms notifies the Speaker if there is ``an imminent 
impairment'' to reconvening at the time previously appointed. When 
notified of this impairment to convening, the Speaker may either delay 
reconvening (within the three-day constitutional limit) or reconvene 
the House earlier than the previously appointed time solely to declare 
a recess (again, within the limits imposed by the Constitution). The 
Speaker has exercised the authority under this rule both to 
postpone(25) and to accelerate(26) the time of 
reconvening. The Speaker has also exercised this authority to dispense 
with morning-hour debate and convene the House at the regular time for 
legislative business (the impairment to convening having been resolved 
in the interim).(27) Under clause 12(e) of rule 
I,(28) if the public interest warrants, the Speaker may 
reconvene the House during any recess or adjournment of not more than 
three days, at a time other than that previously appointed, within the 
limits of the Constitution and after consultation with the Minority 
Leader.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
25. See Sec. Sec. 11.12, 11.17, infra.
26. See Sec. Sec. 11.14, 11.15, infra.
27. See Sec. 11.18, infra. For more on convening for morning-hour 
        debate, see Sec. 10.1, supra.
28. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Recall Authority in Adjournment Resolutions

Sec. 11.1 The House and Senate agreed to a concurrent resolution of 
    adjournment, providing, inter alia, separate recall authorities to 
    be exercised by the Speaker of the House or Majority Leader of the 
    Senate (or their designees) independently, after consultation with 
    the minority leaders of their respective chambers.

    On December 26, 2013,(29) the following adjournment 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 159 Cong. Rec. H8133, H8134 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For 
        previous instances of separate recall authorities for the House 
        and the Senate, see 137 Cong. Rec. 12256, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (May 23, 1991) and 157 Cong. Rec. 106, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 5, 2011). For an example of a sine die adjournment 
        resolution with separate recall authorities, see 161 Cong. Rec. 
        H10707, H10708 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 18, 
        2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR A CONDITIONAL ADJOURNMENT OR RECESS OF THE SENATE 
               AND AN ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    privileged concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 30) providing for a 
    conditional adjournment or recess of the Senate and an adjournment 
    of the House of Representatives.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

S. Con. Res. 30

    Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
when the Senate recesses or adjourns on any day from Friday, December 20, 
2013, through Tuesday, December 31, 2013, on a motion offered pursuant to 
this concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
adjourned until 11:45 a.m. on Friday, January 3, 2014, or until the time of 
any reassembly pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, 
whichever occurs first; and that when the House adjourns on any legislative 
day from Monday, December 23, 2013, through Tuesday, December 31, 2013, on 
a motion offered pursuant to this concurrent resolution by its Majority 
Leader or his designee, it stand adjourned until 11:00 a.m. on Friday, 
January 3, 2014, or until the time of any reassembly pursuant to section 3 
of this concurrent resolution, whichever occurs first.

  Sec. 2.  (a) The Majority Leader of the Senate or his designee, after 
consultation with the Minority Leader of the Senate, shall notify the 
Members of the Senate to reassemble at such place and time he may designate 
if, in his opinion, the public interest shall warrant it.

   (b) After reassembling pursuant to subsection (a), when the Senate 
adjourns on a motion offered pursuant to this subsection by the Majority 
Leader or his designee, the Senate shall again stand adjourned pursuant to 
the first section of this concurrent resolution.

  Sec. 3.  (a) The Speaker or his designee, after consultation with the 
Minority Leader of the House, shall notify the Members of the House to 
reassemble at such place and time he may designate if, in his opinion, the 
public interest shall warrant it.

   (b) After reassembling pursuant to subsection (a), when the House 
adjourns on a motion offered pursuant to this subsection by the Speaker or 
his designee, the House shall again stand adjourned pursuant to the first 
section of this concurrent resolution.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(30) Without objection, the 
    concurrent resolution is concurred in.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. Fred Upton (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, reserving the 
    right to object . . .,
        Therefore, Mr. Speaker, sadly, I withdraw my reservation.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the concurrent 
    resolution is concurred in.
        There was no objection.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table. . . .

Sec. 11.2 The House has adopted a concurrent resolution providing for 
    an adjournment of both Houses of Congress, and further authorizing 
    the Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate, 
    acting jointly and after consultation with the minority leaders of 
    each body, to reassemble Congress should the public interest 
    warrant it.

    On November 22, 2013,(31) a concurrent resolution of 
adjournment with joint recall authority was agreed to as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 159 Cong. Rec. H7340, H7359 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For 
        concurrent resolutions providing for sine die adjournment but 
        also authorizing joint recall, see 136 Cong. Rec. 36850, 101st 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 27, 1990) and 152 Cong. Rec. 23281, 109th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Dec. 8, 2006). See also Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 40 Sec. 15.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, November 21, 2013.
  Hon. John A. Boehner,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to the permission granted in Clause 
    2(h) of Rule II of the Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives, 
    the Clerk received the following message from the Secretary of the 
    Senate on November 21, 2013 at 5:39 p.m.:
        That the Senate agreed to S. Con. Res. 28.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
       Karen L. Haas.                          -------------------

        PROVIDING FOR A CONDITIONAL ADJOURNMENT OR RECESS OF THE SENATE 
               AND AN ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    privileged concurrent resolution:

S. Con. Res. 28

    Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
when the Senate recesses or adjourns on any day from Thursday, November 21, 
2013, through Friday, December 6, 2013, on a motion offered pursuant to 
this concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
recessed or adjourned until 12:00 noon on Monday, December 9, 2013, or such 
other time on that day as may be specified by its Majority Leader or his 
designee in the motion to recess or adjourn, or until the time of any 
reassembly pursuant to section 2 or section 3 of this concurrent 
resolution, whichever occurs first; and that when the House adjourns on any 
legislative day from Thursday, November 21, 2013, through Tuesday, November 
26, 2013, on a motion offered pursuant to this concurrent resolution by its 
Majority Leader or his designee, it stand adjourned until 2:00 p.m. on 
Monday, December 2, 2013, or until the time of any reassembly pursuant to 
section 2 of this concurrent resolution, whichever occurs first.

  Sec. 2. The Majority Leader of the Senate and the Speaker of the House, 
or their respective designees, acting jointly after consultation with the 
Minority Leader of the Senate and the Minority Leader of the House, shall 
notify the Members of the Senate and House, respectively, to reassemble at 
such place and time as they may designate if, in their opinion, the public 
interest shall warrant it.

  Sec. 3. After the House reassembles pursuant to the first section of this 
concurrent resolution, the Majority Leader of the Senate after consultation 
with the Minority Leader of the Senate, shall notify the Members of the 
Senate to reassemble whenever, in his opinion, the public interest shall 
warrant it.

        The concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

                                ADJOURNMENT    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(32) Without objection, 
    pursuant to Senate Concurrent Resolution 28, 113th Congress, the 
    House stands adjourned until 2 p.m. on Monday, December 2, 2013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. Thomas Petri (WI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        Thereupon (at 10 o'clock and 5 minutes a.m.), the House 
    adjourned until Monday, December 2, 2013, at 2 p.m.

Sec. 11.3 The House adopted a concurrent resolution of adjournment (as 
    amended by the Senate) containing authority for the Speaker of the 
    House and the Majority Leader of the Senate (or their designees), 
    acting jointly and after consultation with the minority leaders of 
    each body, to recall the House or Senate (or both) during the 
    period of adjournment.(33)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Parliamentarian's Note: The Senate's amendment inserted the word 
        ``respective'' before ``time,'' thus allowing each House to 
        reconvene on different dates. In prior iterations of such 
        recall authority, the language provided only for joint recall 
        to the same time, requiring each House to reassemble on the 
        same date.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 2, 2008,(34) the House agreed to Senate 
amendments to a concurrent resolution of adjournment as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 154 Cong. Rec. 23766, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PROVIDING FOR AN ADJOURNMENT OR RECESS OF THE TWO HOUSES    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(35) The Chair lays before 
    the House a privileged message from the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. Yvette Clarke (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read as follows:

  In the Senate of the United States, October 2 (legislative day, September 
17), 2008.

  Resolved, That the resolution from the House of Representatives (H. Con. 
Res. 440) entitled ``Concurrent resolution providing for a conditional 
adjournment of the House of Representatives and a conditional recess or 
adjournment of the Senate.'', do pass with the following amendments:

  1. On page 1, line 3, strike ``from Monday, September 29, 2008, through 
Friday, October 3, 2008,''

  2. On page 2, line 2, strike ``that'' and all that follows through line 9 
and insert ``the Senate may adjourn or recess at any time from Thursday, 
October 2, 2008, through January 3, 2009, on a motion offered pursuant to 
this concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee until 
such time as specified in that motion, but not beyond noon on January 3, 
2009, and it may reassemble pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent 
resolution.''

  3. On page 2, line 15, strike ``time'' and insert ``respective time''

        The Senate amendments were agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 11.4 The House adopted two concurrent resolutions of adjournment 
    (one for the House only and one for the Senate only) each 
    containing recall authority, which, in the case of the adjournment 
    resolution for the House, authorized the Speaker of the House (or a 
    designee), after consultation with the Minority Leader, to recall 
    the House during the period of adjournment.

    On March 26, 2015,(36) the House agreed to two 
concurrent resolutions of adjournment, each providing for the 
adjournment of one House only, and each providing recall authority for 
that House, as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 161 Cong. Rec. H2092 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. For similar 
        consideration of complementary single-House adjournment 
        resolutions, see 156 Cong. Rec. 14604, 111th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (July 29, 2010).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 PROVIDING FOR AN ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. RODNEY DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk a 
    privileged concurrent resolution.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(37) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Illinois?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Ted Poe (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

H. Con. Res. 31

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
when the House adjourns on any legislative day from Thursday, March 26, 
2015, through Friday, April 10, 2015, on a motion offered pursuant to this 
concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
adjourned until 2 p.m. on Monday, April 13, 2015, or until the time of any 
reassembly pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, whichever 
occurs first.

  Sec. 2. (a) The Speaker or his designee, after consultation with the 
Minority Leader of the House, shall notify the Members of the House to 
reassemble at such place and time as he may designate if, in his opinion, 
the public interest shall warrant it.

  (b) After reassembling pursuant to subsection (a), when the House 
adjourns on a motion offered pursuant to this subsection by its Majority 
Leader or his designee, the House shall again stand adjourned pursuant to 
the first section of this concurrent resolution.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

                 PROVIDING FOR AN ADJOURNMENT OF THE SENATE    

        Mr. RODNEY DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk a 
    privileged concurrent resolution.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Illinois?
        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

H. Con. Res. 32

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
when the Senate recesses or adjourns on any day from Friday, March 27, 
2015, through Monday, March 30, 2015, on a motion offered pursuant to this 
concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
recessed or adjourned until noon on Monday, April 13, 2015, or such other 
time on that day as may be specified by its Majority Leader or his designee 
in the motion to recess or adjourn, or until the time of any reassembly 
pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, whichever occurs 
first.

  Sec. 2. (a) The Majority Leader of the Senate or his designee, after 
concurrence with the Minority Leader of the Senate, shall notify the 
Members of the Senate to reassemble at such place and time as he may 
designate if, in his opinion, the public interest shall warrant it.

  (b) After reassembling pursuant to subsection (a), when the Senate 
recesses or adjourns on a motion offered pursuant to this subsection by its 
Majority Leader or his designee, the Senate shall again stand recessed or 
adjourned pursuant to the first section of this concurrent resolution.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 11.5 The House and Senate may agree to a concurrent resolution 
    providing for an adjournment for the House only, and further 
    providing for unilateral recall of the House during the period of 
    adjournment by the Speaker of the House (or designee), after 
    consultation with the Minority Leader.

    On May 12, 2011,(38) a concurrent resolution of 
adjournment was agreed to as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. 157 Cong. Rec. 7204, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 PROVIDING FOR AN ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Pete] SESSIONS [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk 
    a privileged concurrent resolution and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 50

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),

  That when the House adjourns on the legislative day of Friday, May 13, 
2011, or Saturday, May 14, 2011, on a motion offered pursuant to this 
concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
adjourned until 2 p.m. on Monday, May 23, 2011, or until the time of any 
reassembly pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, whichever 
occurs first.

  Sec. 2. (a) The Speaker or his designee, after consultation with the 
Minority Leader, shall notify the Members to reassemble at such place and 
time as he may designate if, in his opinion, the public interest shall 
warrant it.

  (b) After reassembling pursuant to subsection (a), when the House 
adjourns on a motion offered pursuant to this subsection by its Majority 
Leader or his designee, the House shall again stand adjourned pursuant to 
the first section of this concurrent resolution.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Richard] Nugent [of Florida]). 
    The question is on the concurrent resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Alcee] HASTINGS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand 
    the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, 
    further proceedings on this question will be postponed.

Sec. 11.6 The House has adopted a concurrent resolution providing for 
    sine die adjournment of Congress, and further authorizing the 
    Speaker of the House, after consultation with the Minority Leader 
    of the House, to reassemble the House should the public interest 
    warrant it.

    On October 20, 1998,(39) a concurrent resolution 
providing for sine die adjournment, but also authorizing a recall of 
the House, was agreed to as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. 144 Cong. Rec. 27348, 105th Cong. 2d Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 40 Sec. 15.3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             PROVIDING FOR ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE OF THE CONGRESS ON 
           WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1998, OR THURSDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1998

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 353) and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 353

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
when the House adjourns on the legislative day of Wednesday, October 21, 
1998, or Thursday, October 22, 1998, on a motion offered pursuant to this 
concurrent resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand 
adjourned sine die, or until noon on the second day after Members are 
notified to reassemble pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution, 
or until a time designated pursuant to section 3 of this resolution; and 
that when the Senate adjourns on Wednesday, October 21, 1998, or Thursday, 
October 22, 1998, on a motion offered pursuant to this concurrent 
resolution by its Majority Leader or his designee, it stand adjourned sine 
die, or until noon on the second day after Members are notified to 
reassemble pursuant to section 2 of this concurrent resolution.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader of the Senate, 
acting jointly after consultation with the Minority Leader of the House and 
the Minority Leader of the Senate, shall notify the Members of the House 
and the Senate, respectively, to reassemble whenever, in their opinion, the 
public interest shall warrant it.

  Sec. 3. During any adjournment of the House pursuant to this concurrent 
resolution, the Speaker, acting after consultation with the Minority 
Leader, may notify the Members of the House to reassemble whenever, in his 
opinion, the public interest shall warrant it. After reassembling pursuant 
to this section, when the House adjourns on any day on a motion offered 
pursuant to this section by its Majority Leader or his designee, the House 
shall again stand adjourned pursuant to the first section of this 
concurrent resolution.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 11.7 The House has adopted a concurrent resolution of adjournment 
    providing authority for the Speaker of the House and the Majority 
    Leader of the Senate, acting jointly and after consultation with 
    the minority leaders of each body, to reassemble Congress at a 
    place other than the seat of government, should the public interest 
    warrant.

    On October 17, 2001,(40) the House agreed to a 
concurrent resolution of adjournment that, for the first time, 
contemplated reassembly at a location outside the seat of government 
(authority that has now become standard in adjournment resolutions). 
For the text of such House concurrent resolution (House Concurrent 
Resolution 251), see Sec. 10.1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. 147 Cong. Rec. 20210-11, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 11.8 The Chair laid before the House the Speaker's letter to the 
    Clerk designating a Member as an alternate individual authorized to 
    recall the House pursuant to authority provided in a resolution of 
    adjournment.

    On January 6, 2015,(41) the following communication was 
laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. 161 Cong. Rec. H35 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. For an 
        earlier example of a similar letter providing an ad hoc 
        designation applicable to a single period of adjournment, see 
        148 Cong. Rec. 15138-39, 107th Cong. 2d Sess. (July 26, 2002). 
        See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 40 
        Sec. 13.5.                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                RECALL DESIGNEE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                      The Speaker's Rooms,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                  Washington, DC, January 6, 2015.
  Hon. Karen L. Haas,
  Clerk of the House of Representatives, The Capitol, Washington, 
DC.

        Dear Madam Clerk: I hereby designate Representative Kevin 
    McCarthy of California to exercise any authority regarding 
    assembly, reassembly, convening, or reconvening of the House 
    pursuant to House Concurrent Resolution 1, clause 12 of rule I, and 
    any concurrent resolutions of the current Congress as may 
    contemplate my designation of Members to exercise similar 
    authority.
        In the event of the death or inability of that designee, the 
    alternate Members of the House listed in the letter bearing this 
    date that I have placed with the Clerk are designated, in turn, for 
    the same purposes.
                                                          Sincerely,
                                                    John A. Boehner,
                                                            Speaker.

Sec. 11.9 The House passed a joint resolution appointing a day for the 
    convening of the next session of Congress, and further providing 
    for possible earlier assembly by direction of the Speaker of the 
    House and the Majority Leader of the Senate (or their designees), 
    acting jointly and after consultation with the minority leaders of 
    each body.

    On November 21, 2003,(42) the following joint resolution 
was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 149 Cong. Rec. 30856-57, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         APPOINTING DAY FOR THE CONVENING OF THE SECOND SESSION OF THE 
                               108TH CONGRESS    

        Mr. [Thomas] DeLAY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a joint 
    resolution (H.J. Res. 80), and ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(43) The Clerk will report 
    the joint resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Doc Hastings (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read as follows:

H.J. Res. 80

  Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States 
of America in Congress assembled, 

SECTION 1. DAY FOR CONVENING OF SECOND REGULAR SESSION OF ONE HUNDRED 
EIGHTH CONGRESS.

   The second regular session of the One Hundred Eighth Congress shall 
begin at noon on Tuesday, January 20, 2004.

SEC. 2. AUTHORITY FOR CALLING SPECIAL SESSION BEFORE CONVENING OF SECOND 
REGULAR SESSION.

   If the Speaker of the House of Representatives (or the designee of the 
Speaker) and the Majority Leader of the Senate (or the designee of the 
Majority Leader), acting jointly after consultation with the Minority 
Leader of the House of Representatives and the Minority Leader of the 
Senate, determine it is in the public interest for Congress to assemble 
during the period between the end of the first regular session of the One 
Hundred Eighth Congress at noon on January 3, 2004, and the convening of 
the second regular session of the One Hundred Eighth Congress as provided 
in section 1--

  (1) the Speaker and Majority Leader, or their respective designees, shall 
notify the Members of the House and Senate, respectively, of such 
determination and of the place and time for Congress to so assemble; and

  (2) Congress shall assemble in accordance with that notification.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas?
        There was no objection.
        The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a 
    third time, was read a third time, and passed, and a motion to 
    reconsider was laid on the table.

Exercising Recall Authorities

Sec. 11.10 Pursuant to notice issued by the Speaker and the Majority 
    Leader of the Senate under the authority conferred in a concurrent 
    resolution of adjournment, the House reassembled (twice) from an 
    adjournment pursuant to that concurrent resolution (the Senate 
    having yet to adjourn thereunder).(44)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. Parliamentarian's Note: The Senate was still in session as it had 
        not yet adjourned pursuant to the concurrent resolution. Thus, 
        only the House was recalled in this instance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 19, 2008,(45) the House reassembled from an 
adjournment pursuant to authority provided in a concurrent resolution 
as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. 154 Cong. Rec. 24146, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 2 of House Concurrent Resolution 440, 110th 
    Congress, the House met at 1 p.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. 
    McNulty).                          -------------------

                   DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                November 19, 2008.

        I hereby appoint the Honorable Michael R. McNulty to act as 
    Speaker pro tempore on this day.
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                          Speaker of the House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

                            NOTICE OF REASSEMBLY    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(46) The Chair lays before 
    the House the text of the formal notice of reassembly that was sent 
    to Members on Friday, November 14, 2008.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. Michael McMulty (NY).

                                Congress of the United States,    
                                Washington, DC, November 13, 2008.
  House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Representative: Pursuant to section 2 of House Concurrent 
    Resolution 440, after consultation with the Minority Leader of the 
    House and the Minority Leader of the Senate, we determine that the 
    public interest requires that the House reassemble at 1 p.m. on 
    Wednesday, November 19, 2008, the Senate already being in session.
        The Sergeant at Arms is directed to notify all Members of the 
    reassembly of the House of Representatives for additional 
    legislative business during the second session of the One Hundred 
    Tenth Congress.
        Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.

            Best Regards,
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                             Speaker of the House.
                                                   Harry Reid,    
                                    Majority Leader of the Senate.

    On December 9, 2008,(47) the House once again 
reassembled pursuant to authority provided in the concurrent resolution 
as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. 154 Cong. Rec. 24496, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 2 of House Concurrent Resolution 440, 110th 
    Congress, the House met at 11 
    a.m.                          -------------------

                            NOTICE OF REASSEMBLY    

        The SPEAKER.(48) The Chair lays before the House the 
    text of the formal notice of reassembly that was sent to Members on 
    Friday, December 5, 2008.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. Nancy Pelosi (CA).

                                Congress of the United States,    
                                 Washington, DC, December 5, 2008.
  House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Representative: Pursuant to section 2 of House Concurrent 
    Resolution 440, after consultation with the Minority Leader of the 
    House and the Minority Leader of the Senate, we determine that the 
    public interest requires that the House reassemble at 11 a.m. on 
    Tuesday, December 9, 2008, the Senate already being in session.
        The Sergeant-at-Arms is directed to notify all Members of the 
    reassembly of the House of Representatives for additional 
    legislative business during the second session of the One Hundred 
    Tenth Congress.
        Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.

             Best Regards,
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                             Speaker of the House.
                                                   Harry Reid,    
                                    Majority Leader of the Senate.

Sec. 11.11 Pursuant to notice issued by the Speaker under the authority 
    conferred in a House-only concurrent resolution of adjournment, the 
    House reassembled from an adjournment pursuant to that concurrent 
    resolution.(49)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. Parliamentarian's Note: The applicable concurrent resolution of 
        adjournment provided only for House adjournment. Thus, the 
        recall authorities contained in said resolution applied only to 
        the House. A separate concurrent resolution provided for the 
        adjournment (and possible reassembly) of the Senate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On August 9, 2010,(50) the House reassembled from an 
adjournment pursuant to authority provided in a concurrent resolution 
as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. 156 Cong. Rec. 15413, 111th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 2 of House Concurrent Resolution 308, 111th 
    Congress, the House met at 7 p.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Ms. Pingree of 
    Maine).                          -------------------

                   DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                   August 9, 2010.

        I hereby appoint the Honorable Chellie Pingree to act as 
    Speaker pro tempore on this day.
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                          Speaker of the House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

                            NOTICE OF REASSEMBLY    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the text of the 
    formal notification sent to Members on Wednesday, August 4, 2010, 
    of the reassembly of the House.

                            U.S. House of Representatives,        
                                        Office of the Speaker,    
                                                   August 4, 2010.

        Dear Colleague: Pursuant to section 2(a) of House Concurrent 
    Resolution 308, and after consultation with the Minority Leader of 
    the House, I have determined that the public interest requires that 
    the House reassemble at 7:00 p.m. on Monday, August 9, 2010. The 
    expectation is that Monday will be a pro forma session and that 
    votes will occur on Tuesday. Further announcements will be provided 
    by the Majority Leader's office.
        Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.

            Best regards,
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                             Speaker of the House.

Sec. 11.12 Pursuant to notice issued by the Speaker under the authority 
    conferred by a special order of business, the House reconvened from 
    an adjournment of less than three days pursuant to that special 
    order of business.

    On December 30, 2012,(51) the House was recalled from an 
adjournment pursuant to authority contained in a special order of 
business (such authority being limited to adjournments of not more than 
three days, but applicable for the remainder of the 
Congress):(52)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. 158 Cong. Rec. 18381, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
52. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 114th Congress, clause 12(e) was 
        added to rule I, which provides authority for the Speaker to 
        reconvene the House during any period of adjournment of not 
        more than three days_essentially codifying the ad hoc authority 
        provided here. See House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 2 of House Resolution 479, 112th Congress, 
    the House met at 2 p.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker.                          -------------------

                            NOTICE OF REASSEMBLY    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the text of the formal 
    notification sent to Members on Thursday, December 27, 2012, of the 
    reassembly of the House.

                            Congress of the United States,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, December 27, 2012.

        Dear Colleague: Pursuant to section 2 of House Resolution 479, 
    and after consultation with the Minority Leader of the House, I 
    have determined that the public interest requires that the House 
    reassemble at 2:00 PM on Sunday, December 30, 2012. Further 
    announcements will be provided by the Majority Leader's office.
        Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.

            Sincerely,
                                                  John A. Boehner.

Sec. 11.13 Pursuant to notice issued by the Speaker and the Majority 
    Leader of the Senate under the authority conferred in a concurrent 
    resolution of adjournment, the House (and Senate) reassembled from 
    an adjournment pursuant to that concurrent resolution.

    On September 6, 2013,(53) the House reassembled from an 
adjournment as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. 159 Cong. Rec. H5407 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 2 of Senate Concurrent Resolution 22, 113th 
    Congress, the House met at noon and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Denham). . . 
    .                          -------------------

                            NOTICE OF REASSEMBLY    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(54) laid before the House 
    the text of the formal notification sent to Members on Thursday, 
    September 6, 2013, of the reassembly of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. Jeff Denham (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  U.S. Senate,    
                                Washington, DC, September 5, 2013.

        Dear Colleague: Pursuant to section 2 of Senate Concurrent 
    Resolution 22 of the 113th Congress, after consultation with the 
    Minority Leader of the Senate and the Minority Leader of the House 
    of Representatives, we hereby notify the Members of the Senate to 
    reassemble at 12:00 noon on Friday, September 6, 2013, and the 
    Members of the House of Representatives to reassemble at 12:00 noon 
    on Friday, September 6, 2013.

            Sincerely,
                                                   Harry Reid,    
                                    Majority Leader of the Senate.
                                              John A. Boehner,    
                          Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Emergency Convening Authorities_Earlier Than Appointed Time

Sec. 11.14 When the Speaker is informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of an 
    imminent impairment to convening, the Speaker may exercise 
    authority under clause 12(c) of rule I(55) to reconvene 
    the House earlier than the appointed time (within the three-day 
    limit imposed by the Constitution).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 19, 2009,(56) the Speaker was informed that 
the originally-established convening time for the House would likely 
occur during a severe weather event. Thus, the House assembled earlier 
than the previously-appointed time so that the Chair could declare a 
recess for the duration of the impending snowstorm:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. 155 Cong. Rec. 32729, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at noon and was called to order by the Speaker 
    pro tempore (Ms. Edwards of 
    Maryland).                          -------------------

                   DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(57) laid before the House 
    the following communication from the Speaker:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. Donna Edwards (MD).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Washington, DC.    
                                                December 19, 2009.

        I hereby appoint the Honorable Donna F. Edwards to act as 
    Speaker pro tempore on this day.
                                                 Nancy Pelosi,    
                                          Speaker of the House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Sergeant at Arms of the House of 
    Representatives:

                           Office of the Sergeant at Arms,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, December 18, 2009.
  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  The Speaker,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker, As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is 6 p.m. on Saturday, 
    December 19, 2009. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 12(c) 
    of rule I, of an imminent impairment of the place of reconvening at 
    that time. The impairment is due to the weather.

            Respectfully,
                                             Wilson Livingood,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under clause 12(c) of rule I, the 
    Speaker established this time for reconvening and notified Members 
    accordingly.                          -------------------

Sec. 11.15 When the Speaker is informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of an 
    imminent impairment to convening, the Speaker may exercise 
    authority under clause 12(c) of rule I(58) to reconvene 
    the House earlier than the appointed time (within the three-day 
    limit imposed by the Constitution).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 21, 2014,(59) the House assembled earlier 
than the previously-appointed time in order to avoid a severe weather 
event:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. 160 Cong. Rec. H1247 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 11:30 a.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. 
    Messer).                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(60) laid before the House 
    the following communication from the Sergeant at Arms of the House 
    of Representatives:

60. Luke Messer (IN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Office of the Sergeant at Arms,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                 Washington, DC, January 21, 2014.

        Dear Mr. Speaker, As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is 1 p.m. on Tuesday, 
    January 21, 2014. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 12(c) 
    of rule I, of an imminent impairment of the place of reconvening at 
    that time. The impairment is due to the weather.

            Sincerely,
                                               Paul D. Irving,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under clause 12(c) of rule I, the 
    Speaker established this time for reconvening and notified Members 
    accordingly.

Emergency Convening Authorities_Later Than Appointed Time

Sec. 11.16 When the Speaker is informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of an 
    imminent impairment to convening, the Speaker may exercise 
    authority under clause 12(c) of rule I(61) to reconvene 
    the House later than the appointed time (within the three-day limit 
    imposed by the Constitution).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 30, 2012,(62) the House assembled later than 
the previously-appointed time due to a severe weather event:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. 158 Cong. Rec. 15037, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 4 p.m. and was called to order by the Speaker 
    pro tempore (Mr. 
    LaTourette).                          -------------------

                   DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(63) laid before the House 
    the following communication from the Speaker:

63. Steven LaTourette (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                 October 30, 2012.

        I hereby appoint the Honorable Steven C. LaTourette to act as 
    Speaker pro tempore on this day.
                                              John A. Boehner,    
                                          Speaker of the House of 
     Representatives.                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Sergeant at Arms of the House of 
    Representatives:

  Hon. John A. Boehner,
  Speaker of the House, U.S. Capitol, Washington, DC.

         Dear Mr. Speaker: As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is 10 a.m. on Tuesday, 
    October 30, 2012. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 12(c) 
    of rule I, of an imminent impairment of the place of reconvening at 
    that time. The impairment is due to the weather.

            Respectfully,
                                               Paul D. Irving,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under clause 12(c) of rule I, the 
    Speaker established this time for reconvening and notified Members 
    accordingly.

Sec. 11.17 When the Speaker is informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of an 
    imminent impairment to convening, the Speaker may exercise 
    authority under clause 12(c) of rule I(64) to reconvene 
    the House later than the appointed time (within the three-day limit 
    imposed by the Constitution).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 4, 2014,(65) the House assembled later than the 
previously-appointed time due to a serious weather event:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 160 Cong. Rec. H2101 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 2 p.m. and was called to order by the Speaker 
    pro tempore (Mr. Denham). . . 
    .                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(66) laid before the House 
    the following communication from the Sergeant at Arms of the House 
    of Representatives:

66. Jeff Denham (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 House of Representatives,        
                               Office of the Sergeant at Arms,    
                                    Washington, DC, March 2, 2014.
  Hon. John Boehner,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker, As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is noon on Monday March 
    3, 2014. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 12(c) of rule I, 
    of an imminent impairment of the place of reconvening at that time. 
    The impairment is due to the weather.

            Sincerely,
                                               Paul D. Irving,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under clause 12(c) of rule I, the 
    Speaker established this time for reconvening and notified Members 
    accordingly.

Dispensing With Morning-Hour Debate

Sec. 11.18 When the Speaker is informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of an 
    imminent impairment to convening, the Speaker may exercise 
    authority under clause 12(c) of rule I(67) to reconvene 
    the House either earlier or later than the appointed time (within 
    the three-day limit imposed by the Constitution), and, pursuant to 
    a separate order of the House, dispense with morning-hour 
    debate.(68)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017).
68. Parliamentarian's Note: The impairment to convening (an asbestos 
        spill within the Capitol) prevented the House from convening 
        for morning-hour debate at 10:00 a.m. However, the incident was 
        resolved by noon_the time the House was scheduled to convene 
        for regular legislative business.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 10, 2014,(69) the House dispensed with morning-
hour debate and convened at the previously-appointed time for 
legislative business as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. 160 Cong. Rec. H6039 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at noon and was called to order by the 
    Speaker.                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives:

                                     House of Representatives,    
                                    Washington, DC, July 10, 2014.
  Hon. John Boehner,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is 10 a.m. today for 
    morning hour debate. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 
    12(c) of rule I, of an imminent impairment of the place of 
    reconvening at that time. The impairment is due to an industrial 
    accident.

            Sincerely,
                                               Paul D. Irving,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(70) Under clause 12(c) of rule I, and 
    the order of the House of January 7, 2014,(71) the 
    Speaker dispensed with morning-hour debate today and notified 
    Members accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. John Boehner (OH).
71. Parliamentarian's Note: The order provided that, ``...the Speaker 
        may dispense with morning-hour debate upon receipt of a 
        notification described in clause 12(c) of rule I and notify 
        Members accordingly.'' 160 Cong. Rec. H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 2014).
                        PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE
Ch. 1


                       INDEX-ASSEMBLY OF CONGRESS

Adjournment
    bicameral consent necessary to adjourn for more than three days, 
        Sec. 9
    House-only adjournment resolution, Sec. Sec. 11.5, 11.11
    Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, section 132, Sec. 2
    motion to adjourn sine die, Sec. 2
    motion to adjourn to a date and time certain, Sec. Sec. 9.1, 9.5, 
        9.7
    place of meeting, adjournment resolution authorizing assembly 
        outside the seat of government, Sec. Sec. 10.1, 10.2, 11.7
    pro forma session, adjournment authority regarding, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 
        2.12, 7.3
    recall authorities, relationship of sine die adjournment to, 
        Sec. Sec. 11, 11.6
    recall from adjournment of less than three days, Sec. Sec. 11.12
    recess in lieu of adjournment, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.9
    resolution of adjournment amended by Senate, Sec. 11.3
    sine die, in general, Sec. 2
Boards and Commissions
    announcements regarding, Sec. 5.2
    reports filed between sessions, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.7
Calendar Days
    see Legislative Days
Capitol
    see Place of Meeting
Certificates of Election
    Members-elect sworn without, unanimous-consent request to permit, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.6, 4.3
Clerk of the House
    announcements made by, Sec. 3.1
    election of Speaker, presiding over, Sec. Sec. 3, 4, 4.4
    farewell remarks by, Sec. 3.8
    letter designating recall designees filed with, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.8
    letter designating Speakers pro tempore filed with, Sec. 3.2
    parliamentary inquiries, responding to, Sec. Sec. 3.5, 4.2
    points of order, appeals, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    points of order, ruling on, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    presiding officer on opening day, others serving in absence of 
        Clerk, Sec. 3.3
    presiding officer on opening day, service as, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1, 4, 
        4.4
    quorum call, presiding over, Sec. 3, 3.1
    roll of Members-elect compiled by, Sec. 3
    rules of the House, authorization to correct resolution adopting, 
        Sec. 6
Commit
    see Motions
Committee of the Whole
    see Daily Hour of Meeting
Committee Reports
    filing between sessions, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.6
Constitution
    20th amendment, effect on convening, Sec. 2,
    bicameral consent necessary to adjourn for more than three days, 
        Sec. 9
    constitutionality of proposed action, chair does not rule on, 
        Sec. 2.1
    constitutionality of proposed rules, chair does not rule on, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.8
    parliamentary inquiries regarding, Sec. 2.1
Contempt of Congress
    see Investigations and Inquiries
Daily Hour of Meeting
    changing, by amending resolution setting, Sec. 9.3
    changing, by motion, Sec. Sec. 9.1, 9.5, 9.7
    changing, by unanimous consent, Sec. 9.6
    changing, in general, Sec. Sec. 5, 9
    Committee of the Whole, relationship to Sec. 9
    emergency convening earlier than the appointed time, 
        Sec. Sec. 11.14, 11.15
    emergency convening later than the appointed time, Sec. Sec. 11.16, 
        11.17
    morning-hour debate, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 9, 11.18
    privilege of resolution setting, Sec. 9.2
    recall from adjournment, time of convening, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.4
    Saturday session, time of convening, Sec. 9.5
    setting at first session, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1, 9, 9.2
    setting at second session, Sec. Sec. 7, 9, 9.2
Date of Convening
    20th amendment, relationship to, Sec. 2
    amending measures changing, Sec. 2
    authority to change, parliamentary inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1
    changing, in general, Sec. 2
    consideration of measures changing, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.2-2.4, 11.9
    setting by law, Sec. 2
Death
    Member-elect, announcement regarding, Sec. 3.7
    Speaker, election of successor, Sec. 4
Delegates
    election of Speaker, inability to vote, Sec. Sec. 3.5, 4.2
    voting, question of privilege raised regarding, Sec. 6.9
Discharge Petitions
    signatures carrying over from prior session, Sec. 8
Doorkeeper
    abolition of office, Sec. 3
    presiding officer, service as, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.3
Election of Speaker
    see Speaker of the House
Electronic Voting System
    see Voting
Emergency Convening
    convening earlier than the appointed time, Sec. Sec. 11.14, 11.15
    convening later than the appointed time, Sec. Sec. 11.16, 11.17
    in general, Sec. 11
    morning-hour debate, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.18
General Counsel
    authorized to continue litigation in new Congress, Sec. 8.3
Hour of Meeting
    see Daily Hour of Meeting
Impeachment
    see Investigations and Inquiries
Investigations and Inquiries
    contempt proceedings, reauthorization of, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.3
    continuation of investigations in subsequent Congress, Sec. 8
    continuation of investigations in subsequent session, Sec. 8
    ethics investigations, reauthorization of, Sec. 8.4
    impeachment investigations, reauthorization of, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.1, 
        8.2
    litigation, continuation in subsequent Congress, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.3
Joint Sessions
    see Sessions
Journal
    pro forma sessions, approval at, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 2.12, 7.3
Legislative Days
    calendar days distinguished, Sec. 9
    public holidays, relationship to, Sec. 9
    Saturdays as legislative days, Sec. 9.5
    Sundays as legislative days, Sec. 9
    two legislative days in one calendar day, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.1
Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
    see Adjournment
Majority Leader
    rules of the House, resolution adopting offered by, Sec. 6
Minority Leader
    election of Speaker, role in, Sec. 4
Morning-hour Debate
    emergency convening, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.18
    hour of meeting, relationship to, Sec. 9
    unanimous-consent order establishing, Sec. 7
Motions
    adjourn to a date and time certain, Sec. Sec. 9.1, 9.5
    adjournment sine die by motion, Sec. 2
    adjournment sine die without motion, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 2.12
    commit, available prior to adoption of rules, Sec. 6.4
    previous question, available prior to adoption of rules, Sec. 6.4
Oath of Office
    Members-elect at first session, administration to, Sec. 5.1
    Members-elect at second session, administration to, Sec. Sec. 7, 
        7.5
    Members-elect by Speaker, administration to, Sec. Sec. 5.1, 7
    officers of the House by Speaker, administration to, Sec. Sec. 5, 
        5.1
    Speaker by Dean of the House, administration to, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.5
Officers, Officials and Employees of the House
    Clerk, see Clerk
    Doorkeeper, see Doorkeeper
    election of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1
    General Counsel, see General Counsel
    Oath of office, administration by Speaker, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1
    Sergeant-at-arms, see Sergeant-at-Arms
    Speaker, see Speaker of the House
Parliamentary Inquiries
    date of convening, authority to change, inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1
    Clerk responds to, Sec. Sec. 3.5, 4.2
    election of Speaker, inability of Delegates to vote, inquiries 
        regarding, Sec. Sec. 3.5, 4.2
Party Leaders
    see Majority Leader and Minority Leader
Place of Meeting
    bicameral consent necessary to meeting outside the seat of 
        government, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.1, 10.2, 11.7
    Capitol, meeting elsewhere in, Sec. 10
    ceremonial meetings, Sec. 10
    in general, Sec. 10
    recall to a place outside the seat of government, Sec. Sec. 10, 11
    seat of government defined, Sec. 10
    security briefings, Sec. 10
Points of Order
    Clerk rules on, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    election of Speaker, precedence, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    relevancy, application to resolution adopting rules, Sec. 6
    rules of the House, entertained prior to consideration of 
        resolution adopting, Sec. 6.7
    rules of the House, entertained during consideration of resolution 
        adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.8
Precall
    see Recall
Precedence
    election of Speaker, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    questions of privilege, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    rules of the House, resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
Presidential Messages and Communications
    assembly by presidential proclamation, Sec. Sec. 1, 2
    committees to notify President regarding organization, Sec. Sec. 5, 
        5.1, 7.2
    state of the union address, authorization for, Sec. 5
    veto messages received between sessions, Sec. Sec. 7.8, 8, 8.5
Previous Question
    see Motions
Privileged Questions
    daily hour of meeting, resolution setting considered as, Sec. 9.2
    rules of the House, resolution adopting considered as, Sec. 6.1
Pro Forma Sessions
    see Sessions
Questions of Privilege
    election of Speaker has precedence over, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    impeachment resolution constitutes, Sec. 8.2
    rules of the House, resolution adopting constitutes, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.9
    rules of the House, resolution adopting has precedence over, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
Quorums and Quorum Calls
    Clerk presides over call on opening day, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    electronic voting system, use during call at second session, 
        Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2
    first session, quorum established at, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    second session, quorum established at, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2
    Speaker presides over call at second session, Sec. 7
Reassembly
    see Recall
Recall
    adjournment of less than three days, recall from, Sec. 11.12
    adjournment sine die, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.6
    Clerk, recall designee letter filed with, Sec. 11
    consultation requirements, Sec. 11
    date to which Houses are recalled, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.3
    designees authorized to recall, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.8
    hour of meeting, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.4
    in general, Sec. 11
    joint recall of House and Senate, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.2, 11.13
    place of meeting, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.1, 10.2, 11, 11.7
    precall authority, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.9
    separate recall of House and Senate, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.1, 11.4, 
        11.10
    sine die adjournment, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.6
    unilateral recall of one House only, Sec. Sec. 11.5, 11.11
Recess
    adjournment, recess in lieu of, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.9
    Speaker authorized to call, Sec. 5
Referrals
    announcements regarding, Sec. 8
    committee reports, Sec. 8.6
    opening day, measures referred on, Sec. 8
    veto messages, Sec. 8.5
Rules of the House
    adoption of rules, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1, 6
    announcements made prior to adoption of, Sec. 6.2
    Clerk authorized to make corrections to resolution adopting, Sec. 6
    consideration as privileged question of resolution adopting, 
        Sec. 6.1
    consideration by special order of resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.10
    consideration by unanimous consent of resolution adopting, Sec. 6.3
    consideration of legislation prior to adoption of, Sec. 8
    consideration of resolution adopting, in general, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.1, 
        6.3, 6.10
    constitutionality of, Sec. 6
    debate on, Speaker's participation in, Sec. 6
    decorum rules enforced prior to adoption of, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.5
    division of resolution adopting, Sec. 6
    form of resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.11
    freestanding orders contained in resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.11, 8.3, 8.8
    gallery rules enforced prior to adoption of, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.6
    general parliamentary law, Sec. 6
    Jefferson's Manual, status of, Sec. 6
    Majority Leader offers resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.1
    motion to commit resolution adopting rules, Sec. 6.4
    offering of resolution adopting by Majority Leader, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.1
    points of order entertained during consideration of resolution 
        adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.8
    points of order entertained prior to consideration of resolution 
        adopting, Sec. 6.7
    precedence of resolution adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    question of privilege, resolution adopting constitutes, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    reading of resolution adopting rules, unanimous-consent request to 
        waive, Sec. 6.4
    recodification of, Sec. 6
    relevancy in debate, application of point of order to resolution 
        adopting, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    special order of business contained in resolution adopting, Sec. 6
    statutory rulemaking, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.11
Seat of Government
    see Place of Meeting
Senate
    adjournment resolution amended by, Sec. 11.3
    bicameral consent necessary to adjourn for more than three days, 
        Sec. 9
    bicameral consent necessary to meet outside the seat of government, 
        Sec. 10
    messages at organization received from, Sec. Sec. 5, 8
    messages regarding organization sent to, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1, 7.2
    recall, joint, of House and Senate, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.2, 11.13
    recall, separate, of House and Senate, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.1, 11.4, 
        11.10
    Senate chamber, Sec. 10
Sergeant-at-Arms
    mace, presentation of, Sec. 6.5
    presiding officer on opening day, service as, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.3
Sessions
    expiration of a session, Sec. Sec. 1, 2, 2.5, 2.6
    first session, measures changing date of convening, Sec. 2.4
    first session, pro forma session to end, Sec. Sec. 2.12, 7.3
    investigations continued in subsequent session or Congress, Sec. 8
    meetings, ceremonial, Sec. 10
    meetings, joint, as distinguished from joint sessions, Sec. 1
    presidential proclamation, assembly by, Sec. Sec. 1, 2
    pro forma sessions, adjournment from, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 2.12, 7.3
    pro forma sessions, announcements regarding, Sec. 2.8
    pro forma sessions, approval of Journal at, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 2.12, 
        7.3
    pro forma sessions, authorization by special order of business, 
        Sec. Sec. 2.10, 2.11, 2.12, 7.3
    pro forma sessions, authorization by unanimous consent, Sec. 7.4
    pro forma sessions, beginning second session with, Sec. Sec. 2.8, 
        2.10, 2.12, 7, 7.3, 7.4
    pro forma sessions, ending first session with, Sec. Sec. 2.12, 7.3
    pro forma sessions, in general, Sec. Sec. 1, 2, 7,
    pro forma sessions, Speaker authorized to conduct business at, 
        Sec. 2.11
    pro forma sessions, Speaker authorized to set date of, 
        Sec. Sec. 2.12, 7.3
    pro forma sessions, Speaker authorized to set time of, 
        Sec. Sec. 2.11, 2.12, 7.3
    pro forma sessions, vacating, Sec. 2.7
    second session, measures changing date of convening, Sec. Sec. 2.2, 
        2.3
    second session, organization at, Sec. Sec. 5, 7, 7.2
    second session, pro forma session to begin, Sec. Sec. 2.8, 2.10., 
        2.12, 7, 7.3, 7.4
    second session, Speaker pro tempore presiding over organization, 
        Sec. 7.1
    secret sessions, Sec. Sec. 1, 10
    Sunday sessions, Sec. 9
    types of sessions distinguished, Sec. 1
    unfinished business of prior session, Sec. 8
Speaker of the House
    announcements at second session made by, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2, 7.6-7.8
    announcements prior to adoption of rules made by, Sec. 6.2
    announcements regarding events occurring during sine die 
        adjournment made by, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1, 7.2, 7.6-7.8
    announcements regarding pro forma session made by, Sec. 2.8
    announcements regarding referrals of measures on opening day made 
        by, Sec. 8
    business at pro forma session, authorization to conduct, Sec. 2.11
    constitutionality of proposed action, chair does not rule on, 
        Sec. 2.1
    constitutionality of proposed rules, chair does not rule on, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.8
    date of pro forma session, authorization to set, Sec. Sec. 2.12, 
        7.3
    debate on adopting rules, participation in, Sec. 6
    decorum rules enforced by, prior to adoption of rules, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.5
    election of, Clerk presiding over, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.4
    election of, Delegates inability to vote, Sec. Sec. 3.5, 4.2,
    election of, electronic voting system not used, Sec. 4
    election of, escort committees, Sec. 4, 4.4
    election of, following death of prior Speaker, Sec. 4
    election of, in general, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.4
    election of, Minority Leader's role, Sec. 4
    election of, nominating procedure, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.4, 4.6
    election of, precedence, Sec. Sec. 3.4, 4.1
    election of, Speaker pro tempore presiding over, Sec. 4
    election of successor, Speaker presiding over, Sec. 4.6
    gallery rules enforced by, prior to adoption of rules, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.6
    oath of office administered to, by Dean of the House, Sec. Sec. 4, 
        4.5
    oath of office administered to Members-elect by, Sec. Sec. 5.1, 7, 
        7.5
    oath of office administered to officers by, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1
    parliamentary inquiries regarding date of convening entertained by, 
        Sec. 2.1
    points of order ruled on by, during consideration of resolution 
        adopting rules, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.8
    points of order ruled on by, prior to consideration of resolution 
        adopting rules, Sec. 6.7
    presiding officer on opening day, service as, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.1
    quorum call at second session, presiding over, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2
    recess, authorization to call, Sec. 5
    resignation from office, Sec. Sec. 3, 4.6
    Speaker pro tempore, letter designating, Sec. 3.2
    Speaker pro tempore, service as presiding officer, Sec. Sec. 3, 7, 
        7.1
    time of pro forma session, authorization to set, Sec. Sec. 2.11, 
        2.12, 7.3
    unanimous-consent requests entertained by, Sec. 5
Speaker Pro Tempore
    see Speaker of the House
Special Order of Business
    daily hour of meeting, resolution setting amended by, Sec. 9.3
    date of convening, bill changing considered by, Sec. 2.3
    pro forma session authorized by, Sec. 7.3
    rules of the House, resolution adopting considered by, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.10
    rules of the House, resolution adopting containing, Sec. 6
Unanimous-consent Requests
    certificates of election, requests related to, Sec. Sec. 3.6, 4.3
    Clerk may entertain prior to election of Speaker, Sec. Sec. 3.6, 
        4.3
    pro forma session, requests to establish, Sec. 7.4
    reading, request to waive available prior to adoption of rules, 
        Sec. 6.4
    rules of the House, requests to structure consideration of 
        resolution adopting, Sec. 6.3
    time of convening, requests to change, Sec. 9.6
    voting for Speaker, requests regarding, Sec. Sec. 3.6, 4.3
Unfinished Business
    see Sessions
Vetoes
    see Presidential Messages and Communications
Voting
    Delegates, issues regarding ability to vote, Sec. Sec. 3.6, 4.3, 
        6.9
    election of Speaker, electronic voting system not used for, Sec. 4
    election of Speaker, question of privilege raised regarding, 
        Sec. 6.9
    election of Speaker, unanimous-consent requests regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.6, 4.3
    electronic voting system not used for election of Speaker, Sec. 4
    electronic voting system used for second session quorum call, 
        Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2




                               CHAPTER 2

                                 Oaths
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Commentary and editing by Max A. Spitzer, J.D., LL.M. and Andrew S. 
        Neal, J.D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  Sec. 1. In General; Status of Members-elect and 
                    Delegates-elect

                  Sec. 2. Presentation of Credentials and the Clerk's 
                    Roll

                  Sec. 3. Administering the Oath

                  Sec. 4. Challenging the Right to be Sworn






                                 Oaths



Sec. 1. In General; Status of Members-elect and Delegates-elect

    When the House of Representatives first convenes at the beginning 
of a new Congress, the membership initially consists only of Members-
elect, and the House must take all necessary steps to make such 
individuals full legal Members of the House, with all attendant rights 
and privileges. This process consists of four basic steps: (1) the 
presentation of individual credentials; (2) the preparation of the 
Clerk's roll; (3) the administration of the oath of office to qualified 
Members-elect; and (4) the resolution of any challenges to the right to 
be sworn. Only after the House has proceeded through these stages can 
it begin to fulfill its constitutional duties as a legislative body.
    The oath of office is required by article VI, clause 3, of the 
Constitution.(1) The form of the oath is prescribed by 
statute as follows: ``I, AB, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will 
support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all 
enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and 
allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any 
mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and 
faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to 
enter. So help me God.''(2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. House Rules and Manual Sec. 196 (2017).
 2. 5 U.S.C. Sec. 3331.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The form of the oath dates from the First Congress in 1789 and was 
revised most recently in 1966.(3) The procedures for 
swearing in Members-elect are thus derived from a combination of 
constitutional and statutory requirements as well as traditions and 
customs of the House that have evolved over time. Because the oath of 
office is administered to Members-elect prior to the adoption of the 
standing rules of the House,(4) the procedures surrounding 
the administration of the oath are governed by general parliamentary 
law.(5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. P.L. 89-554, 80 Stat. 378.
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1.
 5. For more on general parliamentary law, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 8, 9; and Precedents (Wickham) Chs. 1, 5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Between the time an individual is elected to the House and the 
subsequent swearing in of said individual as a full Member, such person 
is accorded the status of Member-elect. Members-elect share many of the 
same rights and privileges of full Members, with certain 
exceptions.(6) In order to organize the House, Members-elect 
participate in various proceedings prior to being sworn. Constitutional 
provisions provide the basis for three authorities exercised by 
Members-elect. First, Members-elect participate in the initial quorum 
call (by states) at the convening of a new Congress.(7) 
Second, Members-elect are entitled to vote for Speaker of the 
House.(8) Finally, Members-elect may demand the yeas and 
nays on questions presented to the body prior to the adoption of 
standing rules.(9) All three of these powers may be 
exercised by Members-elect prior to being sworn. However, a Member-
elect must present appropriate credentials to the Clerk of the House 
for such Member-elect to be included on the Clerk's roll(10) 
(regardless of whatever challenge may arise regarding a Member-elect's 
right to take his or her seat).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. For parliamentary inquiries on the differences between a Member-
        elect and a full Member, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 
        Sec. 2.1. Thomas Jefferson, in his Manual of Parliamentary 
        Practice, described a Member-elect as ``to every extent a 
        Member except that he cannot vote until sworn.'' House Rules 
        and Manual Sec. 300 (2017).
 7. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 1; House Rules and Manual Sec. 46 
        (2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.1 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 3.
 8. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 2, cl. 5; House Rules and Manual Sec. 26 
        (2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1. For parliamentary inquiries 
        regarding the inability of Delegates-elect to vote for Speaker, 
        see Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 3.5.
 9. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 3; House Rules and Manual Sec. 75 
        (2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 9.2 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 4.
10. For composing the Clerk's roll of Members-elect, see Sec. 2, infra. 
        The credentials of Delegates and the Resident Commissioner are 
        handled differently (for example, the Resident Commissioner is 
        elected to a four-year term) and are announced by the Clerk 
        separately.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Apart from these constitutional authorities, Members-elect possess 
certain inherent legislative rights without which the House could not 
complete its organizational business. So, for instance, Members-elect 
must be permitted to debate propositions, offer resolutions, propose 
motions, and raise points of order.(11) A Member-elect may 
challenge the right of another Member-elect to be sworn, and Members-
elect are permitted to debate a proposition related to their right to a 
seat.(12) Contestants in election cases may also be granted 
admission to the floor of the House and the right to debate the issue 
of the election contest.(13) Although Members-elect have 
been elected to committees of the House in earlier 
times,(14) the modern practice is that only sworn Members 
may be elected to committees.(15) On occasion, a committee 
election resolution may specify that a certain Member-elect (who has 
yet to take the oath of office) is to be elected ``when 
sworn.''(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 2 (footnote 1) (describing the 
        ability to participate in proceedings at organization as 
        ``unquestioned'' despite an explicit lack of formal rulings on 
        the issue). For more on what motions or other legislative 
        actions may be taken prior to the adoption of rules, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 8, 9 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 5.
12. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 2.5.
13. For election contests generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 9 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 9. For exercising floor privileges 
        generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 5.
14. 4 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 4483.
15. House Rules and Manual Sec. 300 (2017). See also 157 Cong. Rec. 
        227, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 2011).
16. See, e.g., Sec. 1.2, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    By statute, Members-elect are entitled to compensation (salary and 
benefits) prior to being sworn.(17) Where a Member-elect has 
been unable to take the oath of office (due to incapacitating illness), 
the House has adopted a resolution allowing such individual to be 
compensated as if sworn.(18) Members routinely request 
leaves of absence from the House,(19) but leaves of absence 
have also been granted to Members-elect.(20) Where a Member-
elect holds an incompatible office at the beginning of a Congress, such 
individual may elect to delay taking the oath of office in order to 
complete the service for that other office, and such individual is 
entitled to compensation as a Member-elect.(21)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 5301 provides for compensation beginning with the 
        Member-elect's term until the beginning of the Congress. 2 
        U.S.C. Sec. 5302 provides for compensation after the Member-
        elect has subscribed to the oath of office. Thus, Members-elect 
        who are elected to fill vacancies are entitled to receive 
        compensation from the date of their election (pursuant to 2 
        U.S.C. Sec. 5304) but cannot receive compensation until sworn 
        under 2 U.S.C. Sec. 5302. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 7 for 
        additional information on Members' compensation.
18. See, Sec. 1.6, infra.
19. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 5306.
20. See, e.g., Sec. 1.8, infra.
21. See Sec. 1.7, infra. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 7 Sec. 4.6 
        (describing an early opinion by the Attorney General (14 Op. 
        Att'y Gen. 406 (1874)) proposing that a Member-elect, who is 
        legally able to retain that status in addition to holding 
        another office, may be compensated for both offices 
        simultaneously). When similar circumstances arose in the 
        Senate, the Senator-elect involved chose to waive his 
        congressional salary until sworn. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        2 Sec. 2.6.
            The salary of a Member of Congress is fixed by statute and 
        therefore cannot be waived without specific statutory 
        authority. See 30 Op. Att'y Gen. 51, 56.; B-159835, Apr. 22, 
        1975; B-123424, Mar. 7, 1975; B-206396.2, Nov. 15, 1988 
        (nondecision letter). However, nothing prevents a Member from 
        accepting the salary and then donating part or all of it back 
        to the United States Treasury. GAO Appropriations Law Redbook 
        6-105. See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 7 for additional 
        information on Members donating part or all of their 
        compensation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pursuant to law,(22) the Clerk of the House is required 
to publish in the House Journal and in the Congressional Record a list 
of all individuals who have taken the oath of office as a Member of the 
House.(23) Such publication provides public evidence that 
such individuals have duly taken the oath of office in accordance with 
law.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 25.
23. See Sec. 1.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Member's oath of office should be distinguished from other 
types of oaths that Members, officers, or employees of the House may 
subscribe to in certain circumstances.(24) Pursuant to 
clause 13 of rule XXIII(25) (originally adopted in the 104th 
Congress), Members, officers, and employees must execute an oath of 
secrecy before being permitted to access classified information. Copies 
of such oaths are retained by either the Clerk (for Members) or the 
Sergeant-at-Arms (for officers and employees), and the signatories are 
made a matter of public record by the Clerk via publication in the 
Congressional Record.(26) In addition to weekly publication 
of new signatories in the Congressional Record, the Clerk also retains 
a cumulative list for public inspection.(27) When classified 
security briefings are conducted in the Chamber (or elsewhere in the 
Capitol complex), the location is appropriately prepared(28) 
and only Members who have taken the oath pursuant to clause 13 of rule 
XXIII may attend.(29) When the House meets in a secret 
session,(30) an oath of secrecy is subscribed to by 
essential staff who attend such secret session.(31)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. For the oath of office administered to elected officers of the 
        House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. 17 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 6.
25. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1095 (2017). Rule XXIII is the Code of 
        Official Conduct.
26. See Sec. 1.4, infra.
27. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1095 (2017).
28. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 1.
29. See Sec. 1.5, infra.
30. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 85 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 1.
31. See 154 Cong. Rec. 4154, 110th Cong. 2d Sess. (Mar. 13, 2008) and 
        129 Cong. Rec. 19776, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. (July 19, 1983).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This chapter focuses on the procedural steps in establishing 
individuals as full Members of the House. The reader is encouraged to 
refer to other chapters of this work for related topics, such as other 
procedural steps at initial assembly of the House (Chapter 1), 
elections and election campaigns (Chapter 8), and the procedures 
involved in resolving election contests (Chapter 9). The rights and 
privileges of Members generally are discussed more fully in Chapter 7.

Form of Oath; Evidence of Administration

Sec. 1.1 Pursuant to law,(32) the Clerk submits for printing 
    in the House Journal and in the Congressional Record the list of 
    Members, Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner who have taken 
    the oath of office required by the Constitution, in the form 
    prescribed by statute.(33)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 25 reads as follows: ``At the first session of 
        Congress after every general election of Representatives, the 
        oath of office shall be administered by any Member of the House 
        of Representatives to the Speaker; and by the Speaker to all 
        the Members and Delegates present, and to the Clerk, previous 
        to entering on any other business; and to the Members and 
        Delegates who afterward appear, previous to their taking their 
        seats. The Clerk of the House of Representatives of the 
        Eightieth and each succeeding Congress shall cause the oath of 
        office to be printed, furnishing two copies to each Member and 
        Delegate who has taken the oath of office in accordance with 
        law, which shall be subscribed in person by the Member or 
        Delegate, who shall thereupon deliver them to the Clerk, one to 
        be filed in the records of the House of Representatives, and 
        the other to be recorded in the Journal of the House and in the 
        Congressional Record; and such signed copies, or certified 
        copies thereof, or of either of such records thereof, shall be 
        admissible in evidence in any court of the United States, and 
        shall be held conclusive proof of the fact that the signer duly 
        took the oath of office in accordance with law.''
33. 5 U.S.C. Sec. 3331.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 17, 2015,(34) the following notification 
from the Clerk was printed in the Congressional Record:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 161 Cong. Rec. H6134 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. For similar 
        notifications, see: 145 Cong. Rec. 5771-73, 106th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Mar. 25, 1999); 161 Cong. Rec. H2866 [Daily Ed.], 114th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (May 12, 2015); and 161 Cong. Rec. H3999 [Daily 
        Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. (June 9, 2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         OATH OF OFFICE--MEMBERS, RESIDENT COMMISSIONER, AND DELEGATES

        The oath of office required by the sixth article of the 
    Constitution of the United States, and as provided by section 2 of 
    the act of May 13, 1884 (23 Stat. 22), to be administered to 
    Members, Resident Commissioner, and Delegates of the House of 
    Representatives, the text of which is carried in 5 U.S.C. 3331:

        I, AB, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to 
    the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about 
    to enter. So help me God.
    has been subscribed to in person and filed in duplicate with the 
    Clerk of the House of Representatives by the following Members of 
    the 106th Congress, pursuant to the provisions of 2 U.S.C. 25.

        DARIN LAHOOD, Eighteenth District of Illinois

Election to Committees

Sec. 1.2 The House adopted two privileged resolutions offered by the 
    chairs of the Democratic Caucus and the Republican Conference, 
    respectively; (1) electing Members and Delegates to standing 
    committees; (2) electing Members-elect only when 
    sworn;(35) and (3) electing some for the first session 
    only.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. Parliamentarian's Note: Although Members-elect have been elected to 
        standing committees in the past (see, e.g., 4 Hinds' Precedents 
        Sec. Sec. 4477, 4483, and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 
        Sec. 2.2), clause 5(b)(1) of rule X provides that only (sworn) 
        Members who continue their affiliation with a party caucus may 
        serve on standing committees. See House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 760 (2017). As shown here, resolutions electing Members to 
        standing committees may include language conditioning the 
        election of Members-elect on such Members-elect taking the oath 
        of office. For more on electing Members to committees, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 17 Sec. 9 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 1983,(36) the following committee election 
resolutions were agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 129 Cong. Rec. 132-34, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 300 (2017). See also: H. Res. 9, 133 Cong. Rec. 20, 100th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 1987); H. Res. 8, 139 Cong. Rec. 101, 
        103d Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 1993); and H. Res. 13, 143 Cong. 
        Rec. 145, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1997). For an instance 
        in which a privileged resolution called up by the chair of the 
        Democratic Caucus electing minority Members to standing 
        committees included eight Members-elect who had not yet taken 
        the oath of office, see 161 Cong. Rec. H28 [Daily Ed.], 114th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ELECTION OF MEMBERS TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Gillis] LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, as Chairman of the 
    Democratic Caucus and on the authority and by direction of the 
    Democratic Caucus, I send to the desk a privileged resolution (H. 
    Res. 26) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 26

  Resolved, That the following named Members, Members-elect, Delegates and 
Resident Commissioner be, and they are hereby, elected (Members-elect 
effective when sworn) to the following standing committees of the House of 
Representatives:

  Committee on Agriculture: E de la Garza, Texas (chairman); Thomas S. 
Foley, Washington; Walter B. Jones, North Carolina; Ed Jones, Tennessee; 
George E. Brown, Jr., . . .

  Committee on Foreign Affairs: Clement J. Zablocki, Wisconsin (chairman); 
Dante B. Fascell, Florida; Lee H. Hamilton, Indiana; . . . and Robert 
Garcia, New York (effective only forthe First Session of the 98th 
Congress).

  Committee on Post Office and Civil Service: William D. Ford, Michigan 
(chairman);Morris K. Udall, Arizona; William (Bill) Clay, Missouri; 
Patricia Schroeder, Colorado; . . . Ronald V. Dellunes, California 
(effective only for the First Session of the 98th Congress); Thomas A. 
Daschle, South Dakota (effective only for the First Session of the 98th 
Congress); Ron de Lugo, Virgin Islands (effective only for the First 
Session of the 98th Congress); Charles E. Schumer, New York (effective only 
for the First Session of the 98th Congress); and Douglas H. Bosco, 
California (effective only for the First Session of the 98th Congress).

        Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, this is the usual 
    resolution at the beginning of each Congress designating members of 
    the standing committees of the House. Committee assignments 
    contained in the resolution have been approved by the Democratic 
    Caucus.
        I have no requests for time and I move the previous question on 
    the resolution.
        The SPEAKER.(37) Without objection, the previous 
    question is ordered on the resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

        ELECTION OF MEMBERS TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Jack] KEMP [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Republican Conference, I send to the desk a privileged resolution 
    (H. Res. 27) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 27

  Resolved, That the following named Members and Members-elect be, and they 
are hereby, elected (Members-elect effective when sworn) to the following 
standing committees of the House of Representatives:

  Committee on Agriculture: Edward R. Madigan, Illinois; James J. Jeffords, 
Vermont; E. Thomas Coleman, Missouri; Ron Marlenee, Montana; Larry J. 
Hopkins, Kentucky; George Hansen, Idaho; Arlan Stangeland, Minnesota; Pat 
Roberts, Kansas; Bill Emerson, Missouri; Joe Skeen, New Mexico; Sid 
Morrison, Washington; Steve Gunderson, Wisconsin; Cooper Evans, Iowa; Gene 
Chappie, California; and Webb Franklin, Mississippi. . . .

Sec. 1.3 A Member-elect who has not yet taken the oath is elected to 
    committees ``when sworn.''

    On January 6, 1999,(38) the following committee election 
resolutions were agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. 147 Cong. Rec. 235-37, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ELECTION OF MAJORITY MEMBERS TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMITTEES OF 
                                   THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Julius Caesar (J.C.)] WATTS of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, by 
    direction of the Republican Conference, I offer a privileged 
    resolution (H. Res. 6) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 6

  Resolved, That the following named Members be, and are hereby elected to 
serve on standing committees as follows:

  Committee on Agriculture: Mr. Combest, Chairman; Mr. Barrett of Nebraska; 
Mr. Boehner; Mr. Ewing; Mr. Goodlatte; Mr. Pombo; Mr. Canady; Mr. Smith of 
Michigan; Mr. Everett; Mr. Lucas of Oklahoma; Mrs. Chenoweth; Mr. 
Hostettler; Mr. Chambliss; Mr. LaHood; Mr. Moran of Kansas; Mr. Schaffer; 
Mr. Thune; Mr. Jenkins; Mr. Cooksey; Mr. Calvert; Mr. Gutknecht; Mr. Riley; 
Mr. Walden; Mr. Simpson; Mr. Ose; Mr. Hayes; and Mr. Fletcher. . . .

  Committee on International Relations: Mr. Gilman, Chairman; Mr. Goodling; 
Mr. Leach; Mr. Hyde; Mr. Bereuter; Mr. Smith of New Jersey; Mr. Burton of 
Indiana; Mr. Gallegly (when sworn); Ms. Ros-Lehtinen; Mr. Ballenger; Mr. 
Rohrabacher; Mr. Manzullo; Mr. Royce; Mr. King; Mr. Chabot; Mr. Sanford; 
Mr. Salmon; Mr. Houghton; Mr. Campbell; Mr. McHugh; Mr. Brady of Texas; Mr. 
Burr of North Carolina; Mr. Gillmor; Mr. Radanovich; Mr. Cooksey; and Mr. 
Tancredo.

  Committee on the Judiciary: Mr. Hyde, Chairman; Mr. Sensenbrenner; Mr. 
McCollum; Mr. Gekas; Mr. Coble; Mr. Smith of Texas; Mr. Gallegly (when 
sworn); Mr. Canady; Mr. Goodlatte; Mr. Buyer; Mr. Bryant; Mr. Chabot; Mr. 
Barr of Georgia; Mr. Jenkins; Mr. Hutchinson; Mr. Pease; Mr. Cannon; Mr. 
Rogan; Mr. Graham; and Mrs. Bono.

  Committee on Resources: Mr. Young of Alaska, Chairman; Mr. Tauzin; Mr. 
Hansen; Mr. Saxton; Mr. Gallegly (when sworn); Mr. Duncan; Mr. Hefley; Mr. 
Doolittle; Mr. Gilchrest; Mr. Calvert; Mr. Pombo; Mrs. Cubin; Mrs. 
Chenoweth; Mr. Radanovich; Mr. Jones; Mr. Thornberry; Mr. Cannon; Mr. Brady 
of Texas; Mr. Peterson of Pennsylvania; Mr. Hill of Montana; Mr. Schaffer; 
Mr. Gibbons; Mr. Sounder; Mr. Walden; Mr. Sherwood; Mr. Hayes; Mr. Simpson, 
and Mr. Tancredo. . . .

        Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the resolution be considered as read and 
    printed in the Record.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(39) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Oklahoma?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. Ray H. LaHood (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

             ELECTION OF MINORITY MEMBERS, DELEGATES, AND RESIDENT 
            COMMISSIONER TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Jonas] FROST [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Democratic Caucus, I offer a privileged resolution (H. Res. 7) and 
    ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 7

  Resolved, That the following named Members, Delegates and the Resident 
Commissioner be, and are hereby, elected to serve on standing committees as 
follows:

  Committee on Agriculture: Mr. Stenholm, Texas; Mr. Brown, California; Mr. 
Condit, California; Mr. Peterson, Minnesota; Mr. Dooley, California; Mrs. 
Clayton, North Carolina; Mr. Minge, Minnesota; Mr. Hillard, Alabama; Mr. 
Pomeroy, North Dakota; Mr. Holden, Pennsylvania; Mr. Bishop, Georgia; Mr. 
Thompson, Mississippi; Mr. Baldacci, Maine; Mr. Berry, Arkansas; Mr. Goode, 
Virginia; Mr. McIntyre, North Carolina; Ms. Stabenow, Michigan; Mr. 
Etheridge, North Carolina; Mr. John, Louisiana; Mr. Boswell, Iowa; Mr. 
Phelps, Illinois; Mr. Lucas, Kentucky; and Mr. Thompson, California.

  Committee on Appropriations: Mr. Obey, Wisconsin; Mr. Murtha, 
Pennsylvania; Mr. Dicks, Washington; Mr. Sabo, Minnesota; Mr. Dixon, 
California; Mr. Hoyer, Maryland (When Sworn); Mr. Mollohan, West Virginia 
(When Sworn); Ms. Kaptur, Ohio; Ms. Pelosi, California; Mr. Visclosky, 
Indiana; Mrs. Lowey, New York; Mr. Serrano, New York; Ms. DeLauro, 
Connecticut; Mr. Moran, Virginia; Mr. Olver, Massachusetts; Mr. Pastor, 
Arizona; Mrs. Meek, Florida; Mr. Price, North Carolina; Mr. Edwards, Texas; 
Mr. Cramer, Alabama; Mr. Clyburn, South Carolina; Mr. Hinchey, New York; 
Ms. Roybal-Allard, California; Mr. Farr, California (When Sworn); Mr. 
Jackson, Illinois; Ms. Kilpatrick, Michigan; Mr. Boyd, Florida. . . .

  Committee on Education and the Workforce: Mr. Clay, Missouri; Mr. George 
Miller, California (when sworn); Mr. Kildee, Michigan; Mr. Martinez, 
California; Mr. Owens, New York; Mr. Payne, New Jersey; Mrs. Mink, Hawaii; 
Mr. Andrews, New Jersey; Mr. Roemer, Indiana; Mr. Scott, Virginia; Ms. 
Woolsey, California; Mr. Romero-Barcelo, Puerto Rico; Mr. Fattah, 
Pennsylvania; Mr. Hinojosa, Texas; Mrs. McCarthy, New York; Mr. Tierney, 
Massachusetts; Mr. Kind, Wisconsin; Ms. Sanchez, California; Mr. Ford, 
Tennessee; Mr. Kucinich, Ohio; Mr. Wu, Oregon; Mr. Holt, New Jersey.

  Committee on Government Reform: Mr. Waxman, California; Mr. Lantos, 
California; Mr. Wise, West Virginia; Mr. Owens, New York; Mr. Towns, New 
York; Mr. Kanjorski, Pennsylvania; Mr. Condit, California; Mrs. Mink, 
Hawaii; Mrs. Maloney, New York; Mrs. Norton, District of Columbia; Mr. 
Fattah, Pennsylvania; Mr. Cummings, Maryland; Mr. Kucinich, Ohio; Mr. 
Blagojevich, Illinois; Mr. Davis, Illinois; Mr. Tierney, Massachusetts; Mr. 
Turner, Texas; Mr. Allen, Maine, Mr. Ford, Tennessee.

  Committee on House Administration: Mr. Hoyer, Maryland (When Sworn). . . 
 

  Committee on Resources: Mr. George Miller, California (When Sworn); Mr. 
Rahall, West Virginia; Mr. Vento, Minnesota; Mr. Kildee, Michigan; Mr. 
DeFazio, Oregon; Mr. Faleomavaega, American Samoa; Mr. Abercrombie; Hawaii; 
Mr. Ortiz, Texas; Mr. Pickett, Virginia; Mr. Pallone, New Jersey; Mr. 
Dooley, California; Mr. Romero-Barcelo, Puerto Rico; Mr. Underwood, Guam; 
Mr. Kennedy, Rhode Island; Mr. Smith, Washington; Mr. Delahunt, 
Massachusetts; Mr. John, Louisiana; Ms. Christian-Green, Virgin Islands; 
Mr. Kind, Wisconsin; Mr. Inslee, Washington; Ms. Napolitano, California; 
Mr. Udall, New Mexico; Mr. Udall, Colorado; Mr. Crowley, New York. . . .

  Committee on Ways and Means: Mr. Rangel, New York; Mr. Stark (When 
Sworn); California; Mr. Matsui, California; Mr. Coyne, Pennsylvania; Mr. 
Levin, Michigan; Mr. Cardin, Maryland; Mr. McDermott, Washington; Mr. 
Kleczka, Wisconsin; Mr. Lewis, Georgia; Mr. Neal, Massachusetts; Mr. 
McNulty, New York; Mr. Jefferson, Louisiana; Mr. Tanner, Tennessee; Mr. 
Becerra, California; Ms. Thurman, Florida; Mr. Doggett, Texas.

  Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence: Mr. Dixon, California.

        Mr. FROST (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the resolution be considered as read and printed in 
    the Record.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas?
        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Other Types of Oaths Distinguished

Sec. 1.4 Pursuant to clause 13 of rule XXIII,(40) the Clerk 
    publishes the names of Members who have signed the oath required 
    for access to classified information.(41)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1095 (2017).
41. Parliamentarian's Note: This publication requirement was added in 
        the 107th Congress. H. Res. 5, 147 Cong. Rec. 24-26, 107th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2001).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On February 14, 2001,(42) the following was published in 
the Congressional Record:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 147 Cong. Rec. 2044, 2045, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 OATH FOR ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED INFORMATION    

        Under clause 13 of rule XXIII, the following Members executed 
    the oath for access to classified information:

  Neil Abercrombie, Anibal Acevedo-Vila, Gary L. Ackerman, Robert B. 
Aderholt, W. Todd Akin, Robert E. Andrews, Richard K. Armey, Spencer 
Bachus, Brian Baird, Richard H. Baker, John Elias E. Baldacci, Tammy 
Baldwin, Cass Ballenger, Bob Barr, Roscoe G. Bartlett, Joe Barton, Charles 
F. Bass, Ken Bentsen, Doug Bereuter, Shelley Berkley, Howard L. Berman, 
Judy Biggert, Michael Bilirakis, Rod R. Blagojevich, Roy Blunt, Sherwood L. 
Boehlert, John A. Boehner, Henry Bonilla, David E. Bonior, Robert A. 
Borski, Leonard L. Boswell, Rick Boucher, Kevin Brady, Robert A. Brady, 
Corrine Brown, Sherrod Brown, Henry E. Brown, Jr., Ed Bryant, Richard Burr, 
Dan Burton, Steve Buyer, Sonny Callahan, Ken Calvert, Dave Camp, Chris 
Cannon, Eric Cantor, Shelley Moore Capito, Lois Capps, Benjamin L. Cardin, 
Brad Carson, Michael N. Castle, Steve Chabot, Saxby Chambliss, Wm. Lacy 
Clay, Eva M. Clayton, Howard Coble, Mac Collins, Larry Combest, Gary A. 
Condit, Christopher Cox, William J. Coyne, Philip P. Crane, Ander Crenshaw, 
Joseph Crowley, Barbara Cubin, John Abney Culberson, Randy ``Duke'' 
Cunningham, Danny K. Davis, Jo Ann Davis, Thomas M. Davis, Nathan Deal, 
Peter A. DeFazio, Diana DeGette, William D. Delahunt, Rosa L. DeLauro, Tom 
DeLay, Jim DeMint, Peter Deutsch, Lincoln Diaz-Balart, Norman D. Dicks, 
John D. Dingell, Lloyd Doggett, Calvin M. Dooley, John T. Doolittle, 
Michael F. Doyle, David Dreier, John J. Duncan, Jr., Jennifer Dunn, Chet 
Edwards, Vernon J. Ehlers, Robert L. Ehrlich, Jr., Jo Ann Emerson, Eliot L. 
Engel, Phil English, Lane Evans, Terry Everett, Sam Farr, Mike Ferguson, 
Jeff Flake, Ernie Fletcher, Mark Foley, Vito Fossella, Barney Frank, Rodney 
P. Frelinghuysen, Martin Frost, Elton Gallegly, Greg Ganske, George W. 
Gekas, Richard A. Gephardt, Jim Gibbons, Wayne T. Gilchrest, Paul E. 
Gillmor, Benjamin A. Gilman, Charles A. Gonzalez, Virgil H. Goode, Jr., Bob 
Goodlatte, Bart Gordon, Porter J. Goss, Lindsey O. Graham, Kay Granger, Sam 
Graves, Gene Green, Mark Green, James C. Greenwood, Felix J. Grucci, Jr., 
Gil Gutknecht, Tony P. Hall, James V. Hansen, Jane Harman, Melissa A. Hart, 
J. Dennis Hastert, Alcee L. Hastings, Doc Hastings, Robin Hayes, J. D. 
Hayworth, Joel Hefley, Wally Herger, Van Hilleary, Earl F. Hilliard, 
Maurice D. Hinchey, David L. Hobson, Joseph M. Hoeffel, Peter Hoekstra, 
Rush D. Holt, Michael M. Honda, Darlene Hooley, Stephen Horn, John N. 
Hostettler, Amo Houghton, Steny H. Hoyer, Kenny C. Hulshof, Asa Hutchinson, 
Henry J. Hyde, Jay Inslee, Johnny Isakson, Steve Israel, Darrell E. Issa, 
Ernest J. Istook, Jr., Jesse L. Jackson, Jr., Sheila Jackson-Lee, William 
J. Jefferson, William L. Jenkins, Christopher John, Eddie Bernice Johnson, 
Nancy L. Johnson, Sam Johnson, Timothy V. Johnson, Stephanie Tubbs Jones, 
Walter B. Jones, Paul E. Kanjorski, Marcy Kaptur, Ric Keller, Sue W. Kelly, 
Mark R. Kennedy, Patrick J. Kennedy, Brian D. Kerns, Dale E. Kildee, Ron 
Kind, Peter T. King, Jack Kingston, Mark Steven Kirk, Gerald D. Kleczka, 
Joe Knollenberg, Jim Kolbe, Dennis J. Kucinich, Ray H. LaHood, Nick 
Lampson, James R. Langevin, Steve Largent, John B. Larson, Tom Latham, 
Steven C. LaTourette, James A. Leach, Barbara Lee, Sander M. Levin, Jerry 
Lewis, John Lewis, Ron Lewis, John Linder, William O. Lipinski, Frank A. 
LoBiondo, Zoe Lofgren, Nita M. Lowey, Frank D. Lucas, Ken Lucas, Bill 
Luther, Carolyn B. Maloney, James H. Maloney, Donald A. Manzullo, Edward J. 
Markey, Frank Mascara, Robert T. Matsui, Carolyn McCarthy, Jim McCrery, 
John McHugh, Scott McInnis, Howard P. McKeon, Michael R. McNulty, Martin T. 
Meehan, Carrie P. Meek, Gregory W. Meeks, John L. Mica, Dan Miller, Gary G. 
Miller, Patsy T. Mink, John Joseph Moakley, Alan B. Mollohan, Dennis Moore, 
James P. Moran, Jerry Moran, Constance A. Morella, John P. Murtha, Sue 
Wilkins Myrick, Jerrold Nadler, George R. Nethercutt, Jr., Robert W. Ney, 
Anne M. Northup, Charlie Norwood, Jim Nussle, James L. Oberstar, David R. 
Obey, John W. Olver, Tom Osborne, Doug Ose, C. L. Otter, Michael G. Oxley, 
Frank Pallone, Jr., Bill Pascrell, Jr., Ed Pastor, Nancy Pelosi, Mike 
Pence, Collin C. Peterson, John E. Peterson, Thomas E. Petri, David D. 
Phelps, Charles W. Pickering, Joseph R. Pitts, Todd Russell Platts, Richard 
W. Pombo, Rob Portman, Deborah Pryce, Adam H. Putnam, Jack Quinn, George 
Radanovich, Nick J. Rahall, II, Jim Ramstad, Charles B. Rangel, Ralph 
Regula, Dennis R. Rehberg, Silvestre Reyes, Thomas M. Reynolds, Bob Riley, 
Lynn N. Rivers, Ciro D. Rodriguez, Tim Roemer, Harold Rogers, Mike Rogers, 
Dana Rohrabacher, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Steven R. Rothman, Marge Roukema, 
Edward R. Royce, Bobby L. Rush, Paul Ryan, Jim Ryun, Martin Olav Sabo, 
Loretta Sanchez, Bernard Sanders, Max Sandlin, Tom Sawyer, Jim Saxton, Joe 
Scarborough, Bob Schaffer, Janice D. Schakowsky, Adam B. Chiffon, Edward L. 
Schlock, F. James Ensemble, Jr., Jose E. Serrano, Pete Sessions, John B. 
Shadegg, E. Clay Shaw, Jr., Christopher Shays, Brad Sherman, Don Sherwood, 
John Shimkus, Ronnie Shows, Rob Simmons, Michael K. Simpson, Joe Skeen, Ike 
Skelton, Louise McIntosh Slaughter, Christopher H. Smith, Lamar S. Smith, 
Nick Smith, Vic Snyder, Mark E. Souder, Floyd Spence, John N. Spratt, Jr., 
Cliff Stearns, Charles W. Stenholm, Bob Stump, Bart Stupak, John E. Sununu, 
John E. Sweeney, Thomas G. Tancredo, Ellen O. Tauscher, W. J. (Billy) 
Tauzin, Charles H. Taylor, Lee Terry, William M. Thomas, Bennie G. 
Thompson, Mike Thompson, Mac Thornberry, John R. Thune, Karen L. Thurman, 
Todd Tiahrt, Patrick J. Tiberi, John F. Tierney, Patrick J. Toomey, James 
A. Traficant, Jr., Mark Udall, Robert A. Underwood, Fred Upton, Peter J. 
Visclosky, David Vitter, Greg Walden, James T. Walsh, Zach Wamp, Maxine 
Waters, Wes Watkins, J.C. Watts, Jr., Henry A. Waxman, Curt Weldon, Dave 
Weldon, Jerry Weller, Ed Whitfield, Roger F. Wicker, Heather Wilson, Frank 
R. Wolf, Lynn C. Woolsey, Albert Russell Wynn, C.W. Bill Young, Don Young.

Sec. 1.5 The Chair announced that a classified briefing(43) 
    for Members would be presented in the Chamber of the House during a 
    recess to be declared under clause 12 of rule I.(44)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Parliamentarian's Note: The Parliamentarian prepared the following 
        announcement for the Speaker to make at the start of the 
        briefing: ``The Chair would remind all Members that under the 
        Code of Official Conduct Members are not allowed access to 
        classified information before they have executed the oath 
        embodied in clause 13 of rule XXIII (House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 1095 (2017)). That oath is currently available in the 
        Chamber for Members to execute, and the Clerk has maintained a 
        list of those Members who have yet to execute it. As always, 
        Members are not to disclose classified information imparted 
        during this briefing during the forthcoming debate in the House 
        or in any other unauthorized manner. Members are reminded to 
        disable all electronic devices.'' For other instances of closed 
        security briefings for Members, see Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 
        Sec. 10.
44. House Rules and Manual Sec. 638 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 12, 2001 (legislative day of September 11, 
2001),(45) the Chair made the following announcement 
regarding a security briefing to take place during a recess of the 
House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. 147 Cong. Rec. 16761, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ray] LaHood [of Illinois]). The 
    Chair desires to announce that following the declaration of recess 
    today, Members are invited to attend a classified briefing here in 
    the Chamber during the 
    recess.                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 12 of rule I, the 
    Chair declares the House in recess subject to the call of the 
    Chair, and the Chamber will be cleared of all unauthorized 
    personnel or guests.
        Accordingly (at 11 o'clock and 25 minutes a.m.), the House 
    stood in recess subject to the call of the Chair.

Salary and Compensation

Sec. 1.6 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution authorizing the Clerk: (1) to pay compensation from the 
    contingent fund in lieu of salary to a Member-elect who was unable 
    to take the oath of office due to illness;(46) and (2) 
    to designate clerk-hire employees of that Member-elect to be 
    compensated at present salaries until a successor were elected to 
    fill a possible vacancy.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. Parliamentarian's Note: The House may declare the seat of a Member-
        elect vacant where a Member-elect is not able to take the oath 
        or resign due to an incapacitating illness. Gladys Noon 
        Spellman, of Maryland, was elected to the 97th Congress. At the 
        convening of that Congress, Member-elect Spellman was in a coma 
        and unable to take the oath or resign. The House adopted by 
        voice vote a resolution declaring the seat vacant on February 
        24, 1981. See 127 Cong. Rec. 2917, 97th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 27, 1981,(47) the following resolution was 
adopted by the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. 127 Cong. Rec. 974, 975, 97th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          COMPENSATION IN LIEU OF SALARY TO THE HONORABLE GLADYS NOON 
                                    SPELLMAN

        Mr. [Gillis] LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk 
    a resolution (H. Res. 41) relating to compensation in lieu of 
    salary to Gladys Noon Spellman, and ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 41

  Resolved, That, from the contingent fund of the House of Representatives, 
the Clerk of the House of Representatives shall, at the end of each month 
pay as compensation in lieu of salary to Gladys Noon Spellman an amount 
equal to the compensation which would be payable in accordance with section 
39 of the Revised Statutes (2 U.S.C. 35) but for her inability to subscribe 
to the oath of office. The Clerk shall deduct from any such payment the 
amounts necessary to provide for continued (1) health and life insurance 
and retirement benefit coverage and (2) Federal and State income tax 
withholding.

  Sec. 2. (a) Until otherwise provided by law or by action of the House of 
Representatives, administrative support may be provided and clerical 
assistants for the office of Gladys Noon Spellman may be designated and 
adjusted by the Clerk of the House of Representatives (in accordance with 
any regulations prescribed under subsection (b)) and borne upon the clerk 
hire payrolls of the House of Representatives. The Clerk shall take such 
action as may be necessary to apply the principles of section 2 of the 
joint resolution entitled ``Joint resolution relating to the continuance on 
the payrolls of certain employees in cases of death or resignation of 
Members of the House of Representatives, Delegates, and Resident 
Commissioners.'', approved August 21, 1935 (2 U.S.C. 92c), to clerical 
assistants employed pursuant to the preceding sentence.

  (b) The Committee on House Administration shall have authority to 
prescribe regulations for the carrying out of this section.

  (c) Payments under this section shall be made on vouchers approved by the 
Committee on House Administration and signed by the chairman of such 
committee.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(48) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Louisiana? . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. All right. Would this in any 
    way affect the proxy voting in subcommittees or committees, this 
    resolution?
        Mr. LONG of Louisiana. I am informed that because of the fact 
    that the Member has not been sworn in, there would be no voting 
    rights in this instance.
        Mr. LOTT. I thank the gentleman. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Louisiana?
        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.

Sec. 1.7 The administration of the oath of office to a Member-elect was 
    delayed pending his resignation from an incompatible 
    office.(49)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. Parliamentarian's Note: Rep. J.C. Watts of Oklahoma was not sworn 
        on opening day as he held an incompatible office at that time 
        (Corporation Commissioner, a state elective office). Rep. Watts 
        was advised that he would become entitled to pay from the 
        beginning of the Congress after taking the oath of office (14 
        Op. Att'y Gen. 408 (1874)). For more information on the issue 
        of incompatible offices, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 7 
        Sec. 13 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 9, 1995,(50) five days after the convening of 
the Congress, the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. 141 Cong. Rec. 842, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE J.C. WATTS

        The SPEAKER.(51) Will the Honorable J.C. Watts of 
    Oklahoma kindly step forward and take the oath of office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [J.C.] WATTS of Oklahoma appeared at the bar of the House 
    and took the following oath of office:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely; without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. The gentleman from Oklahoma is a 
    Member of the U.S. House of Representatives.

Sec. 1.8 The House by unanimous consent granted a leave of 
    absence(52) to a Member-elect who had not been 
    administered the oath of office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. For more information on Members' salaries and leaves of absence, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 7 Sec. 5 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 5, 2011,(53) the first day of the 112th 
Congress, the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. 157 Cong. Rec. 106, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              LEAVE OF ABSENCE    

        By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted to:
        Mr. DeFazio (at the request of Ms. Pelosi) for today on account 
    of official business in the district.



Sec. 2. Presentation of Credentials and the Clerk's Roll

    The procedures for enrolling Members on opening day of a new 
Congress derive from constitutional and statutory provisions, as well 
as general parliamentary law and the customs and traditions of the 
House.(1) The first step in this process is the presentation 
of appropriate credentials from state election officials. These 
credentials take the form of a specific document known as the 
certificate of election, which is certified by a state executive 
official and attests that the individual named was duly elected to the 
House.(2) Certificates of election are transmitted to the 
Clerk of the House and may arrive any time between the election and the 
opening of the new Congress. The Clerk gathers together such 
certificates and uses them to compose a roll of Members-
elect.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. For organizational steps at the beginning of a Congress, see 
        generally Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 1.
 2. For more on certificates of election generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 8 Sec. Sec. 15-17.
 3. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 26. In the absence or incapacity of the Clerk, the 
        duty of composing the roll of Members-elect devolves to the 
        Sergeant-at-Arms. For an example of the Doorkeeper (a position 
        abolished in the 104th Congress) assuming these functions in 
        the absence of both the Clerk and the Sergeant-at-Arms, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 4.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Clerk generally will not include a Member-elect on the Clerk's 
roll if such individual is not supported by a certificate of 
election.(4) The Clerk may review state law to determine if 
the certificate is in proper form and validly issued.(5) On 
occasion, certificates of election have not been transmitted to the 
Clerk in time for the Members-elect to be included on the Clerk's roll 
on opening day. In such circumstances, the House has, by unanimous 
consent, permitted the individuals to be included in the roll (where 
there was no controversy as to the election, the delay in transmitting 
credentials being a purely administrative matter).(6) If a 
notice of an election contest has been filed, but the Member-elect 
appears with proper credentials, such Member-elect will be included on 
the Clerk's roll, without prejudice to the final determination as to 
which individual is entitled to that seat.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. Parliamentarian's Note: For the last known instance of the Clerk 
        including a Member-elect on the Clerk's roll without having 
        received a certificate of election (but having received a 
        communication from the Governor regarding an issue of state 
        election law), see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 4.4.
 5. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 4.3.
 6. See Sec. Sec. 2.1, 2.2, infra.
 7. For parliamentary inquiries on this issue, see Sec. 2.3, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When a Member-elect dies before the new Congress convenes, such 
Member-elect's name remains on the Clerk's roll, and is only removed 
therefrom after the initial quorum call and a subsequent announcement 
by the Clerk that a vacancy exists for that congressional 
seat.(8) Similarly, a Member-elect who declines to take a 
seat (i.e., resigns as a Member-elect for the upcoming Congress) 
remains on the Clerk's roll until formal notification of such 
resignation can be laid before the House and the vacancy 
announced.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. See Sec. 2.4, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 4.7. 
        For contrary instances where the Clerk removed a Member-elect's 
        name from the roll upon notification of the death of said 
        Member-elect, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. Sec. 4.6, 
        4.8, and 4.9.
 9. See Sec. 2.5, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Clerk's roll lists Members-elect alphabetically by state, and 
is called only once, at the beginning of a new Congress, to establish a 
quorum.(10) Once this initial quorum is established, the 
House may then proceed to the organization of the House. The Clerk's 
roll serves as the formal list of those individuals authorized to 
participate in those additional steps of organization, which include 
the election of the Speaker and proceedings prior 
thereto.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 5.1 and Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 2 Sec. 4.1.
11. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 6.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Composing the Clerk's Roll

Sec. 2.1 At the beginning of a Congress, Members-elect from a state 
    have been permitted, by unanimous consent, to record their presence 
    during the first quorum call and to vote for the Speaker, where 
    certificates of election had not been received by the Clerk (due to 
    state administrative delay in certifications of all elections in 
    that state) and there was no contest with respect to such 
    elections.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Parliamentarian's Note: The Secretary of State for the state of 
        Alabama withheld the certificates of election for the entire 
        delegation until a contested state-level election was resolved. 
        In lieu of the certificates, the Secretary of State sent a 
        letter unofficially informing the House that the members of the 
        delegation had received a majority of votes. The official 
        certificates of election were not received until a month later. 
        Unanimous consent was required to permit the delegation to 
        participate in the quorum call and to vote for the Speaker 
        because a Member-elect has the right to be included on the 
        Clerk's roll only if a certificate of election, in due form, is 
        on file with the Clerk; and only those Members who names appear 
        on the Clerk's roll are entitled to vote for a new Speaker or 
        to participate in organizational proceedings prior to the 
        administration of the oath. A claimant not on the roll, 
        however, may take the oath and be admitted to membership. See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For the January 4, 1995,(13) proceedings, see Precedents 
(Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 3.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 141 Cong. Rec. 439, 446, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 2.2 Where the official certificate of election for a Member-elect 
    is not received by the Clerk prior to the opening of a new 
    Congress, thus preventing such Member-elect from being included on 
    the Clerk's roll, unanimous consent is required to allow such 
    Member-elect to register his or her presence during the initial 
    quorum call and to vote for Speaker.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. Parliamentarian's Note: Rep. Patsy Mink of Hawaii died on September 
        28, 2002, but was reelected posthumously to the 108th Congress. 
        Ed Case won the special election on January 4, 2003, to fill 
        the vacancy caused by her death, but the certificate of 
        election had not been received by the Clerk in time to be 
        included on the Clerk's roll.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2003,(15) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. 149 Cong. Rec. 1, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 4.3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The CLERK.(16) Representatives-elect, this is the 
    day fixed by the 20th amendment to the Constitution and Public Law 
    107-328 for the meeting of the 108th Congress and, as the law 
    directs, the Clerk of the House has prepared the official roll of 
    the Representatives-elect.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Jeff Trandahl.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Certificates of election covering 434 seats in the 108th 
    Congress have been received by the Clerk of the House, and the 
    names of those persons whose credentials show that they were 
    regularly elected as Representatives in accordance with the laws of 
    their respective States or of the United States will be called.
        The Clerk lays before the House a facsimile of a communication 
    from the Chief Election Officer of the State of Hawaii.
                                                  January 5, 2003.
  Hon. Jeff Trandahl,
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Trandahl: This is to advise you that the unofficial 
    results of the Special Election held on Saturday, January 4, 2003 
    for Representative in Congress from the Second Congressional 
    District of Hawaii show that Ed Case (D) received 33,002 of votes 
    of the total number cast for that office.
        It would appear from the unofficial results that Ed Case (D) 
    was elected Representative from the Second Congressional District 
    of Hawaii. We are unaware of any election contest at this time.
        As soon as the official results are certified, an official 
    Certificate of Election will be transmitted as required by law. . . 
    .

            Very truly yours,
                                              Dwayne D. Yoshina,  
                                     Chief Election Officer. . . .

        The CLERK. Without objection, the Representative-elect from the 
    Second District of the State of Hawaii will be allowed to record 
    his presence and also to vote on the election of the Speaker.
        There was no objection.
        The CLERK. Without objection, the Representatives-elect will 
    record their presence by electronic device and their names will be 
    reported in alphabetical order by States, beginning with the State 
    of Alabama, to determine whether a quorum is present.

Sec. 2.3 In response to parliamentary inquiries, the Speaker informed 
    the House that she had been advised by the Clerk: (1) that notice 
    of an election contest had been filed with respect to an election; 
    (2) that among the credentials of Members-elect were documents 
    reflecting that a Member-elect had been certified by the state 
    official as duly elected; and (3) that the seating of a Member-
    elect is without prejudice to a contest over final right to the 
    seat.

    On January 4, 2007,(17) the Speaker entertained 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 153 Cong. Rec. 5, 110th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS    

        The SPEAKER.(18) According to precedent, the Chair 
    will swear in the Members-elect en masse.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Rush] HOLT [of New Jersey]. I have a parliamentary 
    inquiry, Madam Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman may state his inquiry.
        Mr. HOLT. In light of the fact that there are nonpartisan and 
    partisan lawsuits under way with regard to Florida's 13th 
    Congressional District and that the votes of 18,000 voters were not 
    recorded on the paperless electronic voting machines in an election 
    decided by only 369 votes, may I ask for the record whether a 
    notice of contest has been filed with the Clerk on behalf of 
    Christine Jennings pursuant to law and what effect, if any, today's 
    proceedings have on the pending contests?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair is advised by the Clerk that a notice of 
    contest pursuant to statute, section 382 of title 2, United States 
    Code, has been filed with the Clerk. Under section 5 of article I 
    of the Constitution and the statute, the House remains the judge of 
    the elections of its Members. The seating of this Member-elect is 
    entirely without prejudice to the contest over the final right to 
    that seat that is pending under the statute and will be reviewed in 
    the ordinary course in the Committee on House Administration.
        Mr. HOLT. I thank the Speaker.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Adam] PUTNAM [of Florida]. Parliamentary inquiry, Madam 
    Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman may state his inquiry.
        Mr. PUTNAM. Am I correct, Madam Speaker, that the gentleman 
    from Florida (Mr. Buchanan) has been certified by the Secretary of 
    State as duly elected from the 13th District of Florida?
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct.
        Mr. PUTNAM. I thank the Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. If the Members-elect will rise, the Chair will now 
    administer the oath of office.
        The Members-elect and Delegates-elect and the Resident 
    Commissioner-elect rose, and the Speaker administered the oath of 
    office to them as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now Members of the 110th 
    Congress.

Death or Resignation of Member-elect

Sec. 2.4 When a Member-elect dies prior to opening day of a new 
    Congress, such Member-elect's name is included in the Clerk's roll 
    (because the certificate of election remains on file with the 
    Clerk), and the Clerk on opening day announces to the House the 
    existence of a vacancy caused by the death of such Member-elect.

    On January 3, 2001,(19) the following announcement was 
made by the Clerk following the initial quorum call of Members-elect 
for the 107th Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 147 Cong. Rec. 20, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 38 Sec. 2.12 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 
        Sec. 3.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CLERK    

        The Clerk.(20) The Clerk will state that since the 
    last regular election of Representatives to the 107th Congress, a 
    vacancy now exists in the 32d District of the State of California, 
    occasioned by the death of the late Honorable Julian C. Dixon.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Jeff Trandahl.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 2.5 When a Member-elect resigns prior to the beginning of the 
    Congress to which such individual was elected,(21) the 
    name of such Member-elect remains on the Clerk's roll, and the 
    Clerk lays before the House the letter of resignation following the 
    initial quorum call.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. Parliamentarian's Note: Rep. Rahm Emanuel of Illinois, a Member of 
        the 110th Congress and a Member-elect for the 111th Congress, 
        wrote a letter to the Governor of Illinois stating that he 
        resigned ``effective January 2, 2009.'' Taken literally, such 
        statement could be construed as a resignation only for the 
        final day of the 110th Congress and not as a Member-elect for 
        the 111th Congress. Rep. Emanuel's letter to the Speaker 
        clarified that he intended not to take his seat in the 111th 
        Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2009,(22) the following communications 
were laid before the House following the initial quorum call of 
Members-elect for the 111th Congress:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. 155 Cong. Rec. 2, 111th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 151 Cong. Rec. 36-
        39, 41, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 4, 2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               RESIGNATION FROM THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        The CLERK.(23) The Clerk is in receipt of a letter 
    of resignation from the Honorable Rahm Emanuel from the State of 
    Illinois.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Lorraine Miller.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Without objection, the letters relating to his resignation will 
    be printed in the Record.
        There was no objection.

                                                December 30, 2008.
  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Speaker Pelosi: I am writing to inform you that I have 
    notified the Governor of Illinois of my resignation from the U.S. 
    House of Representatives effective January 2, 2009, at the end of 
    the 110th Congress. I do not intend to take the office of 
    Representative for the Fifth Congressional District in the 111th 
    Congress. A copy of that letter is attached.
        It has been a privilege to serve the constituents of Illinois' 
    5th District for the last six years and to work with you and our 
    colleagues in Congress.

            Sincerely,
                                                 Rahm Emanuel,    
                                               Member of Congress.



                                                  January 2, 2009.
  Hon. Rod Blagojevich,
  Govenor, State of Illinois,
  Statehouse, Springfield, IL.

        Dear Governor Blagojevich: I am writing to resign my position 
    as United States Representative from the Fifth Congressional 
    District of Illinois, effective January 2, 2009.
        It has been a tremendous privilege to serve the people of the 
    Fifth District over the past six years. I am grateful for the 
    opportunity to represent the hopes and dreams of a quintessentially 
    American district, from hardworking families to new immigrants to 
    the senior citizens who built this great country. It has been my 
    particular privilege to represent the district's many military 
    troops and veterans, who put their lives on the line to protect the 
    values we cherish. Their sense of duty and sacrifice has been an 
    inspiration, which I will carry with me to my new duties as chief 
    of staff to President-elect Barack Obama.
        As sons of immigrants to this country, you and I have a deep 
    appreciation for the opportunities America provides to those who 
    are willing to work hard and sacrifice for their children. As a 
    member of the next Administration in Washington, I will strive to 
    maintain and expand that opportunity for all families, because the 
    chance to work hard and build a better life is the principle that 
    unites all Americans. Over the past few years, our government in 
    Washington has lost sight of that principle by catering to the 
    wealthiest Americans and powerful special interests--leaving 
    middle-class Americans to struggle with rising health care costs, 
    reduced pensions and a collapsing economy. The recent election was 
    a clarion call for a change in direction, so we can recapture the 
    values that have made our nation a beacon of hope and opportunity.
        As I go to work everyday in the incoming Obama Administration, 
    I will keep in mind the stories of the working families and senior 
    citizens who I met during the past six years in grocery stores, 
    schools and churches across the Fifth District. I will strive to 
    make our government work for them and their children, because that 
    is the true measure of our success as a nation.
        With gratitude and best wishes,

            Sincerely,
                                                 Rahm Emanuel,    
                                               Member of Congress.



Sec. 3. Administering the Oath

    As noted in the preceding section, the Clerk's roll is called 
immediately after the convening of a new Congress, with the Clerk from 
the previous Congress presiding over the initial quorum 
call.(1) Those Members-elect on the Clerk's roll are 
entitled to participate in proceedings prior to the election of Speaker 
and are eligible to vote in such election.(2) Members-elect 
may pose parliamentary inquiries to the Clerk prior to the election of 
Speaker,(3) and may also appeal rulings made by the 
Clerk.(4) Members-elect may propound (and agree to) 
unanimous-consent requests, such as to permit Members-elect lacking 
certificates of election to be included in the Clerk's 
roll.(5) Members-elect may vote for Speaker even if they 
fail to record their presence during the initial quorum 
call.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: When the House convenes for a second (or 
        any subsequent) session, the membership of the body has already 
        been established. Thus, the initial quorum call to begin a 
        second session of a Congress is a regular quorum call of full 
        Members (not Members-elect). See Sec. 3.4, infra.
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: Delegates-elect and the Resident 
        Commissioner-elect, however, are not permitted to vote for 
        Speaker. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 3.5.
 3. See 143 Cong. Rec. 114-20, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1997).
 4. See Sec. 3.4, infra.
 5. See Sec. 2.1, supra.
 6. See 143 Cong. Rec. 114-120, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1997).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    After the election of Speaker, the Dean of the House (traditionally 
the Member with the longest continuous service in the House) 
administers the oath of office to the Speaker-elect. The newly-elected 
Speaker then administers the oath of office to all other Members-elect 
en masse on the floor of the House.(7) It is at this point 
that Members-elect become full Members of the House, with all 
associated rights and privileges. Members-elect who are not present for 
the en masse swearing in are administered the oath when they arrive 
(either on opening day(8) or on a subsequent 
day).(9) Before the Speaker administers the oath of office 
to Members-elect, a challenge may be made to the swearing in of any 
individual Member-elect or group of Members-elect.(10) The 
Speaker may also respond to parliamentary inquiries regarding any 
election contests that may have been filed.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. 7.1 and Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 2 Sec. 5.1.
            Parliamentarian's Note: The practice of swearing in Members 
        en masse began in 1929 under Speaker Nicholas Longworth of 
        Ohio, replacing the prior custom of swearing in by state 
        delegation. Though several subsequent Speakers reverted to the 
        older practice, Speaker William Bankhead of Alabama returned to 
        swearing in en masse at the beginning of the 75th Congress 
        (1937) and this has been the uniform practice ever since.
 8. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 5.13.
 9. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. Sec. 5.14-5.16.
10. See Sec. 4, infra.
11. See Sec. 2.3, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Members-elect may be sworn in at times other than the beginning of 
a Congress. Vacancies in House seats may occur at any point during a 
Congress, most often due to the death or resignation of the Member 
holding that seat.(12) When a vacancy occurs, the state will 
typically hold a special election to elect another individual to serve 
out the remainder of the unexpired term.(13) For the winner 
of such special election to take a seat in the House, he or she must 
present valid credentials in the form of the official certificate of 
election. Often, there is a delay in the transmittal of the original 
certificate of election. Authenticated copies of original certificates 
of election, delivered by fax or via email to the Clerk of the House, 
have been treated as sufficient documentation to support administering 
the oath of office to Members-elect, and unanimous consent to 
administer the oath is not required.(14) By contrast, 
unauthenticated copies of certificates, unofficial vote totals, or 
other communications from state election officials indicating that an 
individual has a rightful claim to a seat have not been treated as 
sufficient documentary evidence. However, absent some known controversy 
regarding the election, the House will often grant unanimous consent to 
allow the presumed winner of the election to be sworn in as a 
Member.(15) In special circumstances, the House may adopt a 
resolution authorizing the Speaker to administer the oath of office to 
a new Member-elect.(16) Often this will occur when there is 
some controversy over the election (for example, a pending election 
contest) and unanimous consent cannot be obtained to administer the 
oath.(17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. See generally, Deschler's Precedents Ch. 37 and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 38. A vacancy may also arise when a Member of 
        the House is expelled. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 12 Sec. 13 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 12.
13. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 3.6.
14. See Sec. Sec. 3.5, 3.6, infra.
15. See Sec. Sec. 3.10, 3.11, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        2 Sec. Sec. 3.1-3.5.
16. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. Sec. 5.5-5.7.
17. See Sec. Sec. 3.7, 3.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    If a special election occurs between sessions of a Congress, the 
new Member-elect is not included in the initial quorum call at the 
beginning of the second (or subsequent) session. Instead, the House 
establishes its quorum first before the Speaker lays before the House 
the relevant communications indicating that a certificate of election 
has been received by the Clerk.(18) However, if only 
insufficient documentation is available, unanimous consent is required 
to administer the oath.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. See Sec. 3.4, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 
        Sec. 4.11. If the original certificate of election has arrived, 
        the oath may be administered before the quorum call, as the 
        administration of the oath of office does not require the 
        presence of a quorum. See 6 Cannon's Precedents Sec. 22.
19. Unanimous-consent requests are not considered business that 
        requires a quorum. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 20 Sec. 18.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    While it is normally the Speaker who administers the oath of 
office, this duty may also be performed by a Speaker pro 
tempore.(20) An elected Speaker pro tempore may administer 
the oath without the need for any separate authorization because such 
individual exercises virtually all the authorities granted to the 
Speaker.(21) By contrast, an appointed Speaker pro tempore 
merely undertakes certain duties (such as presiding over the House or 
signing enrolled bills) and thus unanimous consent is required to allow 
such person to administer the oath of office to a Member-
elect.(22)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. For full treatment of the office of Speaker pro tempore, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. Sec. 9-14 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 6.
21. See Sec. 3.12, infra.
22. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 5.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House may also authorize the Speaker to deputize another to 
administer the oath of office. Most often, this is done when the 
Member-elect cannot travel to Washington, D.C., to be present on 
opening day of a new Congress (due to illness, for example). For these 
circumstances, the House will adopt a resolution conferring on the 
Speaker the authority to name a deputy to administer the 
oath.(23) Such resolutions are privileged for 
consideration.(24) The Speaker may deputize anyone to 
administer the oath of office, though this function is typically 
performed by a Federal or state judge,(25) and occasionally 
by another Member of the House.(26) When the oath is 
administered, the person deputized to administer the oath informs the 
Speaker, who lays such communication before the House.(27) 
The House formally ``accepts'' the oath administered by a deputy, 
either in the resolution authorizing the Speaker to 
deputize(28) or by separate resolution.(29)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. See Sec. 3.13, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 
        Sec. Sec. 5.8-5.12.
24. See, e.g., H. Res. 8, 133 Cong. Rec. 19, 100th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 6, 1987) and H. Res. 25, 133 Cong. Rec. 820, 821, 100th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1987)
25. See Sec. 3.13, infra.
26. See 129 Cong. Rec. 52, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 1983).
27. See Sec. 3.14, infra.
28. See Sec. 3.13, infra.
29. See Sec. 3.15, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The administration of the oath of office is a matter of high 
privilege, and takes precedence over other business, such as a motion 
to amend the Journal.(30) The administration of the oath may 
take place during a vote,(31) during a quorum 
call,(32) during consideration of a resolution proposing a 
special order of business,(33) during the consideration of a 
resolution adopting the standing rules of the House,(34) and 
during the call of committees on Calendar Wednesday.(35) The 
oath may be administered after the previous question has been ordered 
on a pending matter,(36) and also pending the question of 
engrossment and third reading of a bill (with the previous question 
operating to final passage).(37) As noted earlier, the 
administration of the oath does not require the presence of a 
quorum.(38) Where the House adopts a resolution authorizing 
the Speaker to administer the oath, the oath cannot be deferred, even 
by a motion to adjourn.(39) However, where the Member-elect 
is not present in the Chamber to take the oath, the Speaker may 
recognize for a motion to adjourn.(40)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 171.
31. See Sec. Sec. 3.18, 3.21, infra.
32. See Sec. 3.16, infra.
33. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 5.18.
34. See Sec. 3.20, infra.
35. See Sec. 3.22, infra.
36. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 5.17.
37. See Sec. 3.19, infra.
38. See 6 Cannon's Precedents Sec. 22.
39. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 622.
40. See Sec. 3.17, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Opening Day-First Session

Sec. 3.1 Where no challenge is made to the seating of any Member-elect, 
    the Speaker administers the oath of office to Members-elect en 
    masse.

    On January 3, 2013,(41) opening day of the first session 
of the 113th Congress, Members-elect were administered the oath of 
office en masse as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. 159 Cong. Rec. H5 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS    

        The SPEAKER.(42) According to precedent, the Chair 
    will swear in the Members-elect en masse.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Members-elect will rise and raise their right hands.
        The Members-elect rose, and the Speaker administered the oath 
    of office to them as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are now Members of the 113th 
    Congress.

Sec. 3.2 The Speaker administered the oath of office to twelve Members-
    elect.(43)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Parliamentarian's Note: This group swearing in immediately 
        following the pledge was the result of the absence of many 
        Members-elect of the New York delegation on opening day due to 
        their attendance at a memorial service. Due to the large 
        number, the Chair's announcement was generic 
        (``Representatives-elect'') rather than specific. When the 
        number is three or fewer, the Chair lists each Member-elect and 
        state.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2015,(44) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. 161 Cong. Rec. H55 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS-ELECT

        The SPEAKER.(45) Will the Representatives-elect 
    please present themselves in the well.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. Crowley of New York, Mr. Engel of New York, Mr. Higgins of 
    New York, Mrs. Lowey of New York, Mrs. Carolyn B. Maloney of New 
    York, Mr. Sean Patrick Maloney of New York, Mr. Meeks of New York, 
    Ms. Meng of New York, Mr. Nadler of New York, Mr. Rangel of New 
    York, Mr. Tonko of New York, and Ms. Velazquez of New York appeared 
    at the bar of the House and took the oath of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now Members of the 114th 
    Congress.

Sec. 3.3 Where two Members-elect participated in various House and 
    committee business before taking the oath of office, the House 
    adopted a resolution correcting the results of record votes to 
    remove mention of such Members-elect and ratifying numerous 
    legislative activities involving one or both of such Members-
    elect.(46)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. Parliamentarian's Note: Reps. Pete Sessions of Texas and Michael 
        Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania were mistakenly presumed to have 
        taken the oath of office with the other Members-elect en masse 
        on opening day on January 5, 2011. The House proceeded to elect 
        Rep. Sessions to a committee, and one or both of them 
        introduced measures, were named as cosponsors of measures, 
        submitted statements for the Congressional Record, participated 
        in the reading on the floor of the Constitution on January 6, 
        2011, and participated in various quorum calls and electronic 
        votes. Reps. Sessions and Fitzpatrick finally took the oath of 
        office on January 6, 2011. See 155 Cong. Rec. 164, 112th Cong. 
        1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 7, 2011,(47) where two Members-elect had 
mistakenly engaged in legislative activity prior to being sworn, the 
House adopted a resolution correcting the results of record votes (to 
remove the names of such Members-elect) and ratifying post facto 
various other actions taken by such Members-elect:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. 157 Cong. Rec. 227-29, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          RELATING TO THE STATUS OF CERTAIN ACTIONS TAKEN BY MEMBERS-
                                     ELECT

        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Madam Speaker, pursuant to 
    House Resolution 26, I send to the desk as the designee of the 
    majority leader a resolution and ask for its immediate 
    consideration. . . .
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 27

  Whereas, Representative-elect Sessions and Representative-elect 
Fitzpatrick were not administered the oath of office pursuant to the third 
clause in article VI of the Constitution until after the completion of 
legislative business on January 6, 2011; and

  Whereas, the votes cast by Representative-elect Sessions and 
Representative-elect Fitzpatrick on rollcalls 3 through 8 therefore were 
nullities: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved, That--

  (1) the votes recorded for Representative-elect Sessions and 
Representative-elect Fitzpatrick on rollcalls 3 through 8 be deleted and 
the vote-totals for each of those rollcalls be adjusted accordingly, both 
in the Journal and in the Congressional Record;

  (2) the election of Representative-elect Sessions to a standing committee 
and his participation in its proceedings be ratified;

  (3) the measures delivered to the Speaker for referral by Representative-
elect Sessions be considered as introduced and retain the numbers assigned;

  (4) any submissions to the Congressional Record by Representative-elect 
Sessions or Representative-elect Fitzpatrick be considered as valid;

  (5) any cosponsor lists naming Representative-elect Sessions or 
Representative-elect Fitzpatrick be considered as valid; and

  (6) any non-voting participation by Representative-elect Sessions or 
Representative-elect Fitzpatrick in proceedings on the floor be ratified. . 
. .

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(48) . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. Candice Miller (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to section 3 of House Resolution 26, the previous 
    question is ordered on the resolution.
        The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.

                                 recorded vote

        Mr. [Anthony] WEINER [of New York]. Madam Speaker, I demand a 
    recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    257, noes 159, answered ``present'' 3, not voting 15, as follows:

Opening Day-Second Session

Sec. 3.4 Members-elect, elected to fill vacancies occurring in the 
    first session, are not included on the roll call to ascertain the 
    presence of a quorum when the second session convenes, and their 
    names are included on the roll only after their certificates of 
    election have been laid before the House and after the oath has 
    been administered to them.

    On January 25, 1988,(49) after the initial quorum call 
for the second session of the 100th Congress had taken place, the 
following communications were laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. 134 Cong. Rec. 38-39, 100th Cong. 2d Sess. See also 128 Cong. Rec. 
        61, 62, 97th Cong. 2d Sess. (Jan. 25, 1982).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

                                               Washington, DC,    
                                                 January 25, 1988.
  Hon. Jim Wright,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    telegram received from the Honorable Gentry Crowell, Secretary of 
    State, State of Tennessee, advising that based upon the unofficial 
    returns the apparent winner of the special election for the Fifth 
    Congressional District of the State of Tennessee held on January 
    19, 1988, was the Honorable Bob Clement. An official election 
    certificate will be issued by the Secretary of State on January 26, 
    1988, and transmitted to the House of Representatives.
        With great respect, I am,

            Sincerely yours,
                                          Donnald K. Anderson,    
                                  Clerk, House of Representatives.



                            [Western Union Telegram]
                                           State of Tennessee,    
                                  Nashville, TN, January 21, 1988.
  Donnald K. Anderson,
  Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Sir: This is to advise that a special election to fill the 
    vacant seat from, Tennessee's Fifth Congressional District was held 
    on January 19, 1988. The apparent winner of the election is Bob 
    Clement, Democrat. The unofficial returns are as follows: Bob 
    Clement, 56,090, Terry Holcomb, Republican, 32,765, Joe Driscoll, 
    Independent, 604, Suzanne Stewart, Independent, 678. Official 
    election certification will be completed January 26, certified 
    duplicate original will be sent to you upon completion. Facsimile 
    copy will be sent as well. Thank you for your assistance.
                                               Gentry Crowell,    
  Secretary of State.                          -------------------

        SWEARING IN OF HON. BOB CLEMENT OF TENNESSEE AS A MEMBER OF THE 
                                     HOUSE

        Mr. [Ed] JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent(50) that the gentleman from Tennessee, Mr. Bob 
    Clement, be permitted to take the oath of office today. His 
    certificate of election has not arrived, but there is no contest, 
    and no question has been raised with regard to his election.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. Parliamentarian's Note: If the certificate of election had arrived 
        prior to the convening of the second session, the oath could 
        have been administered prior to the quorum call (such action 
        requiring neither unanimous consent nor a quorum). However, 
        because the certificate of election had not arrived, unanimous 
        consent was required to administer the oath, and such business 
        is not in order prior to the establishment of a quorum. For an 
        older contrary precedent, see 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 176 
        (unanimous consent request to administer the oath entertained 
        prior to the quorum call).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER.(51) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Tennessee?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER. Will the Honorable Bob Clement of Tennessee kindly 
    step forward and take the oath of office.
        Mr. CLEMENT appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath 
    of office.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee is a Member of the 
    House of Representatives.

Administration of the Oath Mid-Congress

Sec. 3.5 An authenticated fax of the original certificate of election 
    has been accepted as sufficient documentation to permit the 
    administration of the oath of office to a Member-elect, and 
    unanimous consent is not required.(52)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. For a discussion of when unanimous consent is required, see 
        Sec. 3.10, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 25, 2007,(53) the following communications 
(supporting the administration of the oath of office to a Member-elect) 
were laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. 153 Cong. Rec. 20611, 110th Cong. 1st Sess. For similar examples, 
        see, e.g., 140 Cong. Rec. 11980, 11981 (May 26, 1994); 143 
        Cong. Rec. 5883, 5834 (Apr. 17, 1997); 145 Cong. Rec. 11929 
        (June 8, 1999); 147 Cong. Rec. 10105 (June 7, 2001); and 151 
        Cong. Rec. 4178, 4239 (Mar. 10, 2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:
                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                    Washington, DC, July 24, 2007.
  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    facsimile copy of a letter received from the Honorable Sonny 
    Perdue, Governor, State of Georgia, indicating that, according to 
    the official returns of the Special Election held July 17, 2007, 
    the Honorable Paul Broun was elected Representative to Congress for 
    the Tenth Congressional District, State of Georgia.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
                                           Lorraine C. Miller,    
                                                            Clerk.



                                         State of Georgia,        
                                       Office of the Governor,    
                                       Atlanta, GA, July 24, 2007.
  Hon. Lorraine C. Miller,
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Ms. Miller: This is to advise you that the Honorable Karen 
    Handel, Secretary of State of Georgia, has certified the results of 
    the Special Election held on Tuesday, July 17, 2007, for 
    Representative in Congress from the Tenth Congressional District of 
    Georgia. The results show that Paul C. Broun, Jr. received 23,529 
    or 50.42 percent of the total number of votes cast for that office. 
    The Certification of Election is enclosed.
        I have issued Dr. Broun's commission to serve as the 
    Representative in Congress from Georgia's Tenth Congressional 
    District of Georgia. There appears to be no contest to this 
    election.

            Sincerely,
                                                 Sonny Perdue,    
            Governor.                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE PAUL C. BROUN, OF GEORGIA, AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER.(54) Will the Representative-elect and 
    the Members of the Georgia delegation present themselves in the 
    well.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. BROUN appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of 
    office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are now a Member of the 110th 
    Congress.

Sec. 3.6 An authenticated scanned image of the original certificate of 
    election has been accepted as sufficient documentation to permit 
    the administration of the oath of office to a Member-elect, and 
    unanimous consent is not required.(55)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. Parliamentarian's Note: This was the first instance of an emailed 
        scan of a certificate of election supporting the administration 
        of the oath of office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 4, 2007,(56) the following communications 
(supporting the administration of the oath of office to a Member-elect) 
were laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. 153 Cong. Rec. 23452, 23453, 110th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

                                     House of Representatives,    
                                  Washington, DC, August 31, 2007.
  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    scanned copy of a Certificate of Election received from the 
    Honorable Debra Bowen, Secretary of State of California, indicating 
    that, at the Special Election held on August 21, 2007, the 
    Honorable Laura Richardson was duly elected Representative in 
    Congress for the Thirty-Seventh Congressional District, State of 
    California.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
                                           Lorraine C. Miller,    
                                               Clerk of the House.

        Enclosure.

                            certificate of election

        I, Debra Bowen, Secretary of State of the State of California, 
    hereby certify: That according to the official canvass of votes 
    cast in the Special General Election held on the 21st day of 
    August, 2007 in the 37th Congressional District, Laura Richardson 
    was elected to the office of United States Representative, District 
    37 for the term prescribed by 
    law.                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE LAURA RICHARDSON, OF CALIFORNIA, 
                            AS A MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER.(57) Will Representative-elect 
    Richardson and the Members of the California delegation present 
    themselves in the well.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Ms. Richardson appeared at the bar of the House and took the 
    oath of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now a Member of the 110th 
    Congress.

Authorizing the Administration of the Oath by Resolution

Sec. 3.7 The Committee on House Administration reported a privileged 
    resolution authorizing the Speaker to administer the oath of office 
    to a Member-elect and referring the question of final right to the 
    seat to that committee for further investigation.

    On February 20, 1974,(58) the House adopted the 
following privileged resolution to administer the oath of office to 
John Murtha of Pennsylvania (whose certificate of election had not yet 
arrived due to a continuing vote recount mandated by state law):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. 120 Cong. Rec. 3516, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          AUTHORIZING THE SPEAKER TO ADMINISTER THE OATH OF OFFICE TO 
                                 JOHN P. MURTHA

        Mr. HAYS, from the Committee on House Administration, reported 
    the following privileged resolution (H. Res. 871), Report No. 93-
    801, which was referred to the House Calendar and ordered to be 
    printed. . . .
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 871

  Resolved, That the Speaker is hereby authorized and directed to 
administer the oath of office to the gentleman from Pennsylvania, John P. 
Murtha; and be it further

  Resolved, That the question of the final right of John P. Murtha to a 
seat in the Ninety-third Congress be referred to the Committee on House 
Administration, and said committee shall have the power to send for persons 
and papers and examine witnesses on oath in relation to the subject matter 
of this resolution.

Sec. 3.8 The House adopted a privileged resolution reported from the 
    Committee on House Administration, to which the House had referred 
    the question of final seating of two candidates (and pending which 
    neither candidate had been temporarily seated), determining on the 
    basis of a complete committee recount that one candidate (not the 
    certified Member-elect) should be finally seated.

    On May 1, 1985,(59) the following privileged resolution 
resolving an election contest(60) was adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. 131 Cong. Rec. 9998, 9999, 10003, 10017-20, 99th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        For more on election contests generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 9 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 9. For 
        challenging the right to be sworn, see Sec. 4, infra. See also 
        Sec. 3.17, infra.
60. Parliamentarian's Note: The election contest for Indiana's Eighth 
        Congressional District involved a referral of the contest to 
        the Committee on House Administration and a vote recount 
        conducted by the committee. For the initial challenge to the 
        right to be sworn (and subsequent committee referral), see 
        Sec. 4.1, infra. For more details on this contested election, 
        see Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           RELATING TO ELECTION OF A REPRESENTATIVE FROM THE EIGHTH 
                       CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF INDIANA

        Mr. [Leon] PANETTA [of California]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on House Administration, I call up a privileged 
    resolution (H. Res. 146) relating to election of a Representative 
    from the Eighth Congressional District of Indiana, and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 146

  Resolved, That, based on a recount of votes in the election of November 
6, 1984, conducted pursuant to House Resolution 1, Ninety-ninth Congress, 
agreed to January 3, 1985, the House of Representatives determines that 
Frank McCloskey was duly elected to the office of Representative from the 
Eighth Congressional District of Indiana and is entitled to a seat in the 
Ninety-ninth Congress.

        Mr. [Joe] BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I raise a question of 
    consideration and demand that the Chair put the question.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore [Mr. [James] Wright [of Texas]]. The 
    question is, Will the House now consider House Resolution 146?
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
    nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    242, nays 185, not voting 6, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 89] . . .

        So the House agreed to consider House Resolution 146.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. . . .

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE FRANK McCLOSKEY OF INDIANA AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER. It is the intention at this particular time to 
    have the Indiana delegation present to the House the elected 
    candidate.
        Mr. McCLOSKEY appeared at the bar of the House and took the 
    oath of office.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is a Member of the Congress of the 
    United States.

Sec. 3.9 Because state law required the Governor to ``appoint'' a 
    Member-elect to a vacant seat, and such appointment was considered 
    an election to such vacant seat (even though the vacancy was 
    created after the date of election), the House adopted a privileged 
    resolution authorizing the administration of the oath of office to 
    the Member-elect with those credentials and referring the question 
    of final right to the seat to the Committee on House 
    Administration.(61)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. Parliamentarian's Note: The House will generally defer to a state 
        Governor's interpretation of state law. 1 Hinds' Precedents 
        Sec. 525. In this instance, Oklahoma law provided that if a 
        vacancy in a congressional seat occurred after March 1 of an 
        even-numbered year, the winner of the general election is to be 
        ``appointed'' by the Governor to fill the remainder of the 
        unexpired term. Here, the vacancy in the 103d Congress occurred 
        on November 15, when Rep. James Inhofe resigned his seat for 
        the First Congressional District of Oklahoma to serve in the 
        Senate. At that time, Steve Largent had already been elected to 
        that seat for the 104th Congress. Under the terms of the 
        Oklahoma statute, the Governor was then required to ``appoint'' 
        Mr. Largent to the fill the unexpired term for the 103d. The 
        Governor interpreted the requirement to provide this ``Order of 
        Appointment'' as a mere ministerial duty (since the Governor 
        had no discretion to act otherwise) and thus that it should be 
        treated as an election under Oklahoma law. The House, by 
        adopting a resolution that permitted Member-elect Largent to be 
        sworn, deferred to the Governor's interpretation, in order to 
        avoid a possible challenge that an ``appointment'' would 
        violate article I, section 2, of the Constitution (providing 
        that all Members be elected, not appointed) (House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 5 (2017)). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 37 
        Sec. 5.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 29, 1994,(62) the following communications 
regarding an individual's election to the 103d Congress were laid 
before the House, and a privileged resolution adopted permitting the 
individual to take the oath of office:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. 140 Cong. Rec. 29585, 29586, 103d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 RESIGNATION FROM THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following resignation 
    from the House of Representatives:
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, November 15, 1994.
  Hon. Tom Foley,
  Speaker of the House, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: Attached is the letter I have sent to the 
    Honorable David L. Walters, Governor of the State of Oklahoma, 
    notifying him of my resignation from the House of Representatives 
    effective today, November 15, 1994 at twelve midnight.

            Sincerely,
                                              James M. Inhofe,    
                                               Member of Congress.

        Enclosure: letter.



                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, November 15, 1994.
  Hon. David Walters,
  Governor, State of Oklahoma,
  Oklahoma City, OK.

        Dear Governor Walters: Pursuant to the November 8, 1994 special 
    election, at which time I was elected to serve the vacancy in the 
    United States Senate created by the resignation of Senator David L. 
    Boren, I hereby submit to you my letter of resignation effective 
    twelve midnight, today, November 15, 1994.

            Sincerely,
                                              James M. Inhofe,    
  Member of Congress.                          -------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                Washington, DC, November 22, 1994.
  Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    certification from the Governor of Oklahoma, Honorable David 
    Walters indicating that, Steve Largent of the First Congressional 
    District, is elected to fill the vacancy in the 103d Congress 
    created by the resignation of the Honorable James M. Inhofe at 
    midnight on November 15, 1994.
        This certification has been submitted under the laws of 
    Oklahoma as stated in the accompanying documents. An election 
    certification of Steve Largent to the 104th Congress has also been 
    received in my office.
        With great respect, I am

            Sincerely yours,
                                          Donnald K. Anderson,    
                                  Clerk, House of Representatives.



                                            State of Oklahoma,    
                                                November 17, 1994.
  Hon. Donnald K. Anderson,
  Clerk of the House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Anderson: The provisions of 26 Okla. Stat., Section 
    12-101(B), require the election held November 8, 1994, for the seat 
    to which Steve Largent was elected, be treated as election, within 
    the meaning of Oklahoma law, to fill the vacancy of the unexpired 
    term of James M. Inhofe, Member of Congress, who resigned effective 
    November 15, 1994, at twelve midnight. Accordingly, pursuant to 
    that statute, my appointment, as Governor of the State of Oklahoma, 
    is the ministerial act incident to that election.

            Sincerely,
                                                David Walters,    
                                                         Governor.



                            order of appointment    
    To: Secretary of State, Oklahoma State Capitol, Oklahoma City, 
    Oklahoma

        Please file for record the following executive order. By virtue 
    of the authority vested in me as Governor of the State of Oklahoma, 
    under 26 Okla. Stat., Section 12-101(B), I hereby appoint: Steve 
    Largent, 124 E. 4th Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103 as Member of the 
    United States House of Representatives representing Oklahoma 
    Congressional District 1, to serve the remainder of an unexpired 
    term ending January 3, 1995. Mr. Largent will be succeeding the 
    Honorable James Inhofe (resigned).
        In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the 
    seal of the State of Oklahoma to be affixed at Oklahoma City, 
    Oklahoma this 17th day of November 1994.
        By the Governor of the State of Oklahoma: David Walters.
        Attest: Glo Henley, Secretary of 
    State.                          -------------------

        AUTHORIZING AND DIRECTING THE SPEAKER TO ADMINISTER THE OATH OF 
                    OFFICE TO MR. STEVE LARGENT OF OKLAHOMA

        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 585), and I ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 585

  Resolved, That the Speaker is hereby authorized and directed to 
administer the oath of office to the gentleman from Oklahoma, Mr. Steve 
Largent.

  Resolved, that the question of the final right of Mr. Steve Largent to a 
seat in the One Hundred Third Congress be referred to the Committee on 
House Administration.

        The SPEAKER.(63) The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. 
    Michel] is recognized for 1 hour.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I shall not take the hour, but I offer 
    this resolution to clarify the situation surrounding the seating of 
    Congressman-elect Steve Largent to the 103d Congress.
        As my colleagues know, the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Inhofe] 
    won the special election to fill the vacant Senate seat from 
    Oklahoma and has resigned from the House, thereby creating a 
    vacancy.
        Mr. Largent was elected on November 8 to represent the First 
    District of Oklahoma. The credentials, forwarded from the State, 
    include a letter from Governor Walters indicating that the 
    provisions of Oklahoma law require that the November 8 election, 
    ``be treated as election within the meaning of Oklahoma law to fill 
    the vacancy of the unexpired term of James M. Inhofe.'' The 
    Governor also forwarded an order of appointment for Mr. Largent to 
    the 103d Congress as, ``the ministerial act incident to that 
    election,'' because the Governor, under Oklahoma law, has no 
    discretion to act otherwise.
        Let me cite from the relevant Oklahoma statute, 26 Oklahoma 
    Statute, section 12-101, paragraph B:

  No special election shall be called if the vacancy occurs after March 1 
of any even-numbered year if the term of said office expires the following 
year. In such case, the candidate elected to said office at the regular 
General Election shall be appointed by the Governor to fill the unexpired 
term.

        Now, Mr. Speaker, under article I, section 2, of the 
    Constitution, when vacancies occur in the House the executive 
    authority of the State shall issue writs of election to fill such 
    vacancies. Members of the House must be elected, and not appointed, 
    and if the Oklahoma law is construed as an appointment, it likely 
    is unconstitutional. The House has, however, historically given 
    great weight to a State's construction of its laws. This is the 
    first time, as far as I am aware, that the statute has been 
    applicable and, therefore, never came to our attention before.
        I know of no objection to the seating of Mr. Largent. The 
    Speaker and I have discussed this matter and believe the issue 
    raises enough of a constitutional issue that it ought to be brought 
    to the House's attention, but that we also should seat Mr. Largent. 
    My resolution allows for the seating of Mr. Largent, but also 
    directs the Committee of House Administration to review the issue 
    for final determination, and I would urge the adoption of the 
    resolution, Mr. Speaker.
        Mr. [William] THOMAS of California. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. MICHEL. I yield to the gentleman from California.
        Mr. THOMAS of California. Mr. Speaker, I thank my leader for 
    yielding, I think the point needs to be understood that Mr. Largent 
    is being asked to be sworn in as a Member of the House of 
    Representatives because the people in the First District of 
    Oklahoma elected him, notwithstanding a Oklahoma law that says the 
    Governor can appoint. The reason it is being referred to the 
    Committee on House Administration is because in fact the Governor 
    has forwarded the document which says that it was a ministerial 
    duty to appoint him. This raises constitutional questions. 
    Nevertheless the Oklahoma statute says the Governor can appoint.
        Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased and proud to say the people of 
    the First District of Oklahoma have sent us a new Congressman being 
    sworn in today.
        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished gentleman 
    from California [Mr. Thomas] for his contribution, and again I urge 
    adoption of the resolution.
        Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time, and I move 
    the previous question on the resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE STEVE LARGENT AS A MEMBER OF THE 
                            HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        The SPEAKER. Will the Member-elect from Oklahoma, the Honorable 
    Steve Largent, please come forward?
        Mr. LARGENT appeared at the bar of the House, and took the oath 
    of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now a Member of the House 
    of Representatives.

Authorizing the Administration of the Oath by Unanimous Consent

Sec. 3.10 The House by unanimous consent permitted a Member-elect to be 
    sworn prior to the receipt of the official certificate of election, 
    where no question or contest existed and the Clerk had received a 
    scanned image of a letter from a state official conveying the 
    unofficial returns of a special election.

    The proceedings of November 15, 2012,(64) typify the 
procedure by which the House by unanimous consent authorizes a Member-
elect to take the oath of office where the certificate of election has 
not yet arrived:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. 158 Cong. Rec. 15319, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                 Washington, DC, November 8, 2012.
  Hon. John Boehner,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    scanned copy of a letter received from The Honorable Kimberly M. 
    Guadagno, Lieutenant Governor/Secretary of State, State of New 
    Jersey, indicating that, according to the unofficial returns of the 
    Special Election held November 6, 2012, the Honorable Donald M. 
    Payne, Jr. was elected Representative to Congress for the Tenth 
    Congressional District, State of New Jersey.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
                                                Karen L. Haas,    
                                                            Clerk.

        Enclosure.



                                      State of New Jersey,        
                                          Department of State,    
                                    Trenton, NJ, November 8, 2012.
  Hon. Karen L. Haas,
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Ms. Haas: This is to advise you that the unofficial 
    results of the Special Election held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, 
    for Representative in Congress from the Tenth Congressional 
    District of New Jersey, show that Donald M. Payne, Jr. received 
    141,714 of the total number of voters cast for that office.
        It would appear from these unofficial results that Donald M. 
    Payne, Jr. was elected as Representative in Congress from the Tenth 
    Congressional District of New Jersey.
        To the best of our knowledge and belief at this time, there is 
    no contest to this election.
        As soon as the official results are certified, to this office 
    by the Essex, Hudson and Union County Clerks involved, an official 
    Certificate of Election will be prepared for transmittal as 
    required by law.

            Sincerely,
                                     Kimberly M. Guadagno,        
                                          Lieutenant Governor/    
  Secretary of State.                          -------------------

           SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE DONALD M. PAYNE, JR., OF NEW 
                        JERSEY, AS A MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Christopher] SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the gentleman from New Jersey, the Honorable 
    Donald M. Payne, Jr., be permitted to take the oath of office 
    today.
        His certificate of election has not arrived, but there is no 
    contest and no question has been raised with regard to his 
    election.
        The SPEAKER.(65) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from New Jersey?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER. Will Representative-elect Payne and the members of 
    the New Jersey delegation present themselves in the well.
        All Members will rise and the Representative-elect will please 
    raise his right hand.
        Mr. Payne appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of 
    office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are now a Member of the 112th 
    Congress.

Sec. 3.11 The Chair may take under advisement a parliamentary inquiry 
    regarding recognition for a unanimous-consent request to permit a 
    Member-elect to take the oath of office, notwithstanding the fact 
    that the certificate of election had not yet arrived.

    On May 26, 1993,(66) the Chair responded to a 
parliamentary inquiry regarding the right of a Member-elect to take the 
oath of office as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66. 139 Cong. Rec. 11251, 103d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY

        Mr. [Frank] SENSENBRENNER [of Wisconsin]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [James] McDermott [of 
    Washington]). The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, would it be in order for me to 
    ask unanimous consent that the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Barca] 
    who has been elected to fill the vacant First District seat, be 
    allowed to take the oath of office, notwithstanding the fact that a 
    certificate of election for him has not arrived? The Republican 
    candidate has conceded and, to my knowledge, there is no objection 
    to Mr. Barca taking the oath of office from this side of the aisle.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would have to take that 
    under advisement with the Speaker of the House.

Administration of the Oath by a Speaker Pro Tempore

Sec. 3.12 An elected Speaker pro tempore may administer the oath of 
    office to a Member-elect.

    On March 17, 1998,(67) the following communications were 
laid before the House (allowing the administration of the oath of 
office to a Member-elect by the Speaker pro tempore):(68)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. 144 Cong. Rec. 3835, 3836, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
68. Parliamentarian's Note: An elected Speaker pro tempore exercises 
        virtually all of the same authorities as the Speaker. As such, 
        unanimous consent is not required to allow an elected Speaker 
        pro tempore to administer the oath of office to a Member-elect. 
        An appointed Speaker pro tempore, by contrast, cannot 
        administer the oath of office absent unanimous consent. For 
        more on the distinction between elected and appointed Speakers 
        pro tempore, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. Sec. 12-14 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Richard] Armey [of Texas]) laid 
    before the House the following communication from the Clerk of the 
    House of Representatives:
                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                   Washington, DC, March 17, 1998.
  Hon. Newt Gingrich,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, D.C.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a copy 
    of the original Certificate of Election received from the Honorable 
    Bill Jones, Secretary of State, State of California, indicating 
    that, according to the semi-official canvass of votes cast in the 
    Special Election held March 10, 1998, the Honorable Lois Capps was 
    elected Representative in Congress for the Twenty-second 
    Congressional District, State of California.

            With warm regards,
                                               Robin H. Carle,    
                                                            Clerk.

                    State of California--Secretary of State

                            certificate of election

        I, Bill Jones, the Secretary of State of the State of 
    California, hereby certify:
        That according to the semi-official canvass of votes cast in 
    the Special Election held on the 10th day of March, 1998 in the 22d 
    Congressional District,
        Lois Capps was elected to the office of United States 
    Representative--District 22, for the term prescribed by law.
        In witness whereof, I hereunto set my hand and affix the Great 
    Seal of the State of California at Sacramento, this 11th day of 
    March 1998.
                                                   Bill Jones,    
  Secretary of State.                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE LOIS CAPPS, OF CALIFORNIA, AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the Members of the California 
    delegation escort the gentlewoman from California, the Member-
    elect, to the rostrum to receive the oath of office.
        Mrs. Capps appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath 
    of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely and without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God?

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Congratulations, you are now a Member 
    of the Congress of the United States.

Deputizing Others to Administer the Oath

Sec. 3.13 The House may adopt privileged resolutions authorizing the 
    Speaker or a deputy to administer the oath of office to named 
    Members-elect convalescing in their districts, following which the 
    Speaker pro tempore may deputize Federal judges to administer the 
    oaths.

    On January 7, 2015,(69) the following occurred;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. 161 Cong. Rec. H95 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 
        e.g., 145 Cong. Rec. 246, 106th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 1999) 
        (deputizing state 
        judge).                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            AUTHORIZING THE SPEAKER TO ADMINISTER THE OATH OF OFFICE

        Ms. [Virginia] FOXX [of North Carolina]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

                                   H. Res. 20

        Resolved, Whereas, Alan Nunnelee, a Representative-elect from 
    the First District of the State of Mississippi, has been unable 
    from illness to appear in person to be sworn as a Member of the 
    House, and there being no contest or question as to his election; 
    Now, therefore, be it
        Resolved, That the Speaker, or deputy named by him, is hereby 
    authorized to administer the oath of office to the Honorable Alan 
    Nunnelee at Tupelo, Mississippi and that such oath be accepted and 
    received by the House as the oath of office of the Honorable Alan 
    Nunnelee.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF HON. MICHAEL MILLS TO ADMINISTER OATH OF OFFICE 
                             TO HON. ALAN NUNNELEE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(70) Pursuant to the 
    provisions of House Resolution 20, 114th Congress, the Chair 
    appoints the Honorable Judge Michael Mills of the Northern District 
    of Mississippi, United States District Court, to administer the 
    oath of office to the Honorable Alan Nunnelee.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. Ted Poe (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 3.14 When the Speaker is authorized to deputize an individual to 
    administer the oath of office to a Member-elect, the Speaker lays 
    before the House communications from such individual confirming 
    that the oath was administered.

    On January 19, 1999,(71) the following correspondence 
was laid before the House for the information of Members:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
71. 145 Cong. Rec. 602, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              COMMUNICATION FROM THE HONORABLE ELLEN SICKLES JAMES

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Honorable Ellen Sickles James:
                                    Martinez, CA, January 7, 1999.
  Hon. J. Dennis Hastert,
  Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives,
  The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: On January 6, 1999 you designated me to 
    administer the oath of office to Representative-elect George Miller 
    of the Seventh District of the State of California under House 
    Resolution 12, One Hundred Sixth Congress.
        Under such designation, I have the honor to report that on 
    January 7, 1999 at Martinez I administered the oath of office to 
    Mr. Miller. Mr. Miller took the oath prescribed by 5 U.S.C. 3331. I 
    have sent two copies of the oath, signed by Mr. Miller, to the 
    Clerk of the House.

            Sincerely,
                                       Judge Ellen Sickles James, 
                 Ret.                          -------------------

                COMMUNICATION FROM THE HONORABLE MARC B. POCHE

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Honorable Marc B. Poche:

                                              Court of Appeal,    
                               San Francisco, CA, January 8, 1999.
  Hon. J. Dennis Hastert,
  Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives,
  The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: On January 6, 1999, you designated me to 
    administer the oath of office to Representative-elect Sam Farr of 
    the Seventeenth District of the State of California under House 
    Resolution 13, One Hundred Sixth Congress.
        Under such designation, I have the honor to report that on 
    January 8, 1999, at Carmel, California, I administered the oath of 
    office to Mr. Farr. Mr. Farr took the oath prescribed by 5 U.S.C. 
    section 3331. I have sent two copies of the oath, signed by Mr. 
    Farr, to the Clerk of the House.

            Sincerely,
                                                    Marc B. Poche.

Sec. 3.15 The House adopted a privileged resolution formally accepting 
    the oath of office administered by a state judge who had been 
    deputized to administer the oath, following confirmation that the 
    Member-elect had been sworn.

    On January 15, 1973,(72) following confirmation that the 
oath of office had been administered to a Member-elect by a state judge 
appointed by the Speaker, the House adopted a privileged resolution 
formally accepting(73) said oath:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
72. 119 Cong. Rec. 1054-55, 93d Cong. 1st Sess.
73. Parliamentarian's Note: This resolution was arguably unnecessary, 
        as the resolution authorizing the Speaker to deputize another 
        to administer the oath (House Resolution 11) already contained 
        language to the effect that the oath (when administered) ``be 
        accepted and received by the House.'' No similar resolution has 
        been adopted since the 93d Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication:
                                              Portland, Oreg.,    
                                                  January 8, 1973.
  Hon. Carl Albert,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, D.C.

        Sir: In accordance with your designation of me, pursuant to 
    House Resolution 11, Ninety-third Congress, adopted by the House of 
    Representatives, to administer the oath of office to 
    Representative-elect Edith Green of the Third District of Oregon, I 
    have the honor to report that on the 3d day of January, 1973, at 
    Multnomah County, State of Oregon, I administered the oath of 
    office to Mrs. Edith Green, form prescribed by section 1757 of the 
    Revised Statutes of the United States, being the form of oath 
    administered to Members of the House of Representatives, to which 
    Mrs. Green subscribed.
        I have the honor to be,

            Yours respectively,
                                               John C. Beatty, Jr.

        Mr. [Albert] ULLMAN [of Oregon]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 129) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 129

  Whereas Edith Green, a Representative from the State of Oregon, from the 
Third District thereof, has been unable from sickness to appear in person 
to be sworn as a Member of this House, but has sworn to and subscribed to 
the oath of office before the Honorable John C. Beatty, Jr., Judge, Circuit 
Court of Oregon, Fourth Judicial District, authorized by resolution of this 
House to administer the oath, and the said oath of office has been 
presented in her behalf to the House, and there being no contest or 
question as to her election: Therefore be it

  Resolved, That the said oath be accepted and received by the House as the 
oath of office of the said Edith Green as a Member of this House.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Privilege and Precedence

Sec. 3.16 The Speaker may interrupt a call of the House ordered 
    pursuant to clause 6(e)(2) of rule XV (now clause 7(b) of rule 
    XX),(74) to administer the oath of office to a Member-
    elect.(75)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1028 (2017).
75. Parliamentarian's Note: Under former clause 6(a)(2) of rule XV, a 
        point of order of no quorum was not in order during the 
        administration of the oath, and under the precedents, the oath 
        may be administered even in the absence of a quorum (1 Hinds' 
        Precedents Sec. 170; 6 Cannon's Precedents Sec. Sec. 21, 22). 
        However, in the 106th Congress, the specific exceptions from 
        the normal quorum requirements were eliminated in favor of a 
        clarification of the proscription against entertaining points 
        of no quorum where no question has been put before the House. 
        Thus, during a motion for a call of the House, whether or not a 
        quorum has yet responded, the oath may be administered to a 
        Member-elect.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 22, 1981, a Member-elect was administered the oath of 
office during a call of the House as follows:(76)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. 127 Cong. Rec. 693, 97th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. Sec. 200, 204 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             CALL OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I move a call 
    of the House.
        A call of the House was ordered.
        The call was taken by electronic device, and the following 
    Members responded to their names:

        [Roll No. 6] . . .                          -------------------

                        SWEARING IN OF MEMBER-ELECT    

        The SPEAKER(77) (during the call of the House). Will 
    the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Ertel) present himself in the 
    well of the House for the purpose of taking the oath of office?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
77. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. ERTEL appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of 
    office.

Sec. 3.17 If a Member-elect whose right to a seat has been determined 
    by the House is present to take the oath, the right to be sworn 
    cannot be deferred even by a motion to adjourn,(78) but 
    the Speaker has entertained the motion to adjourn after adoption of 
    a seating resolution.(79)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78. 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 622.
79. Parliamentarian's Note: In this instance, the Member-elect was not 
        present in the Chamber at the time the motion to adjourn was 
        offered. Thus, the Chair entertained a motion to adjourn 
        between the adoption of the resolution authorizing the 
        administration of the oath and the appearance of the Member-
        elect in the Chamber.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 1, 1985,(80) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. 131 Cong. Rec. 9998, 9999, 10003, 10017-20, 99th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        See also Sec. 3.17, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           RELATING TO ELECTION OF A REPRESENTATIVE FROM THE EIGHTH 
                       CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF INDIANA

        Mr. [Leon] PANETTA [of California]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on House Administration, I call up a privileged 
    resolution (H. Res. 146) relating to election of a Representative 
    from the Eighth Congressional District of Indiana, and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 146

  Resolved, That, based on a recount of votes in the election of November 
6, 1984, conducted pursuant to House Resolution 1, Ninety-ninth Congress, 
agreed to January 3, 1985, the House of Representatives determines that 
Frank McCloskey was duly elected to the office of Representative from the 
Eighth Congressional District of Indiana and is entitled to a seat in the 
Ninety-ninth Congress. . . .

        Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the resolution.

                   motion to recommit offered by mr. frenzel

        Mr. [William] FRENZEL [of Minnesota]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    motion to recommit with instructions.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(81) Is the gentleman 
    opposed to the resolution?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. FRENZEL. I am, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion.
        The Clerk read as follows:

        Mr. Frenzel moves to recommit H. Res. 146 to the Committee on 
    House Administration with instructions that the Committee be 
    directed to count the otherwise valid unnotorized absentee ballots 
    identified by the Task Force on the Indiana Eighth Congressional 
    District in Orange, Lawrence, Daviess and Greene Counties and when 
    that count is completed the Committee will certify the winner and 
    report their findings immediately to the House.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous 
    question is ordered on the motion to recommit.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion to 
    recommit.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.
        Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    183, nays 246, not voting 4, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 90] . . 
                 .                          -------------------

                             MOTION TO ADJOURN    

        The SPEAKER.(82) For what purpose does the gentleman 
    from Illinois Mr. Michel rise?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
82. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, in view of that 
    vote, the last vote, I move that we adjourn.
        The SPEAKER. Would the gentleman withhold until the Chair has 
    had an opportunity to swear in Mr. McCloskey?
        Mr. MICHEL. No, Mr. Speaker. Our purpose is to adjourn 
    immediately in keeping with the precedent of the Democratic Party 
    back in 1890.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman appreciates the fact that the motion 
    is not debatable.
        Mr. MICHEL. I understand, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion to adjourn offered 
    by the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Michel].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the noes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    179, nays 248, not voting 6, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 92] . . 
                 .                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE FRANK McCLOSKEY OF INDIANA AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER. It is the intention at this particular time to 
    have the Indiana delegation present to the House the elected 
    candidate.
        Mr. McCLOSKEY appeared at the bar of the House and took the 
    oath of office.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is a Member of the Congress of the 
    United States.

Sec. 3.18 The oath of office may be administered to Members-elect 
    during a vote by electronic device.(83)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 173 and 6 Cannon's Precedents Sec. 22.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 4, 2007,(84) during an electronic vote, the 
Speaker administered the oath of office to Members-elect as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
84. 153 Cong. Rec. 17, 18, 110th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 145 Cong. 
        Rec. 233-35, 106th Cong. 1st Sess (Jan. 6, 1999) and 151 Cong. 
        Rec. 749, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 25, 2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          swearing in of members-elect

        The SPEAKER (during the vote).(85) Will the 
    gentleman from Texas (Mr. Gohmert), the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. 
    Moran), and the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Rogers) kindly come to 
    the well of the House and take the oath of office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
85. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Messrs. Gohmert, Moran of Kansas, and Rogers of Michigan 
    appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of office, as 
    follows:
        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will, well 
    and faithfully, discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.
        The SPEAKER. Congratulations.

Sec. 3.19 A Member-elect was permitted to take the oath of office 
    pending the question of engrossment and third reading of a bill 
    where the previous question was ordered to final passage without 
    intervening motion, except one motion to recommit.(86)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
86. Parliamentarian's Note: The Speaker has also administered the oath 
        of office to a Member-elect between the question of engrossment 
        and third reading and the vote on final passage, where the 
        previous question was operating pursuant to a special order of 
        business, but where the Speaker had postponed proceedings under 
        clause 1(c) of rule XIX. See House Rules and Manual Sec. 1000a 
        (2017). See 158 Cong. Rec. 1081, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 7, 
        2012).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 19, 2008,(87) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. 154 Cong. Rec. 13047-49, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        So the amendment was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above 
    recorded.                          -------------------

                   COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:
                                      Office of the Clerk,        
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                    Washington, DC, June 18, 2008.
  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    scanned copy of a letter received from Ms. Linda H. Lamone, 
    Administrator, Maryland State Board of Elections, indicating that, 
    according to the unofficial returns of the Special Election held 
    June 17, 2008, the Honorable Donna Edwards was elected 
    Representative to Congress for the Fourth Congressional District, 
    State of Maryland.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
                                           Lorraine C. Miller,    
                                                            Clerk.

        Enclosure.



                                                  Maryland        
                                     State Board of Elections,    
                                     Annapolis, MD, June 18, 2008.
  Hon. Lorraine C. Miller
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Ms. Miller: This letter is to advise you that the 
    unofficial results of the Special Election held on Tuesday, June 
    17, 2008, for Representative in Congress from the Fourth 
    Congressional District of Maryland show that Donna Edwards received 
    15,381 votes or 80 percent of the total number of votes cast for 
    that office on election day excluding absentee and provisional 
    ballots.
        It would appear from these unofficial results that Donna 
    Edwards will be certified as the Representative in Congress from 
    Fourth Congressional District of Maryland.
        As of the date of this letter, there is no contest to this 
    election.
        As soon as the official results are certified, an official 
    Certificate of Election will be prepared for transmittal as 
    required by law.

            Sincerely,
                                              Linda H. Lamone,    
       Administrator.                          -------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE DONNA EDWARDS, OF MARYLAND, AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the gentlewoman from Maryland, the Honorable Donna 
    Edwards, be permitted to take the oath of office today.
        Her certificate of election has not arrived, but there is no 
    contest and no question has been raised with regard to her 
    election.
        The SPEAKER.(88) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Maryland?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
88. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER. Will Representative-elect Edwards and the members 
    of the Maryland delegation present themselves in the well.
        Ms. EDWARDS of Maryland appeared at the bar of the House and 
    took the oath of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now a Member of the 110th 
    Congress.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER. Under clause 5(d) of rule XX, the Chair announces 
    to the House that, in light of the administration of the oath of 
    office to the gentlewoman from Maryland (Ms. Edwards), the whole 
    number of the House is 
    435.                          -------------------

               FEDERAL EMPLOYEES PAID PARENTAL LEAVE ACT OF 2008

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Earl] Blumenauer [of Oregon]). 
    The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the bill.
        The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and 
    was read the third time.

Sec. 3.20 The oath of office may be administered to Members-elect 
    pending consideration of the resolution adopting the standing rules 
    of the House or during a recorded vote on the question of 
    consideration of that resolution.

    On January 4, 2005,(89) a Member raised a question of 
consideration with regard to the resolution adopting the standing 
rules. During debate on the question (and subsequently during the vote 
on the question), Members-elect were administered the oath of office as 
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
89. 151 Cong. Rec. 46, 47, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          announcement by the speaker

        The SPEAKER.(90) Before the gentleman proceeds, the 
    Chair would like to announce that any Member-elect who failed to 
    take the oath of office may present himself or herself in the well 
    of the House prior to any vote.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          swearing in of members-elect

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. 
    Slaughter), the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Maloney) and the 
    gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Corrine Brown), kindly come to the 
    well of the House and take the oath of office at this time.
        Ms. Slaughter, Mrs. Maloney and Ms. Corrine Brown of Florida 
    appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of office, as 
    follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God. . . .
        Mr. [Brian] BAIRD [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, consistent with 
    the oath of office that I just took, I would request that the 
    question of consideration be put to the body.
        The SPEAKER. The question is, Will the House now consider House 
    Resolution 5.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. BAIRD. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER. Without objection, this will be an electronic vote 
    on the question of consideration.
        There was no objection.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    224, nays 192, answered ``present'' 1, not voting 11, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 3]. . . 

                          swearing in of member-elect

        The SPEAKER (during the vote). Will the gentleman from 
    California (Mr. Cox) kindly come to the well of the House and take 
    the oath of office at this time.
        Mr. COX appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath of 
    office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.



Sec. 3.21 Where the two Houses divide to consider an objection to the 
    counting of certain electoral votes for President and Vice 
    President, the oath of office may be administered in the separate 
    House session to a Member-elect during an electronic vote on the 
    question of agreeing to said objection.

    On January 6, 2005,(91) the House and Senate met in 
joint session to count the electoral votes for President and Vice 
President.(92) An objection was made to the counting of 
certain electoral votes, and, pursuant to law,(93) the 
Houses divided into separate sessions to consider the objection. During 
the separate House session, the oath of office was administered to a 
Member-elect during the vote on agreeing to the objection as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
91. 151 Cong. Rec. 199, 242, 243, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
92. For more on the joint session to count electoral votes, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 10 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 10.
93. 3 U.S.C. Sec. 15.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER.(94) Pursuant to Senate Concurrent 
    Resolution 1 and section 17 of title 3, the United States Code, 
    when two Houses withdraw from the joint session to count the 
    electoral vote for separate consideration of objection, a 
    Representative may speak to the objection for 5 minutes and not 
    more than once. Debate shall not exceed 2 hours, after which the 
    Chair will put the question, ``Shall the objection be agreed to?''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
94. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk will report the objection made in the joint session.
        The Clerk read the objection as follows:

        We, a Member of the House of Representatives and a United 
    States Senator, object to the counting of the electoral votes of 
    the State of Ohio on the ground that they were not, under all of 
    the known circumstances, regularly given.

                                        Stephanie Tubbs Jones,    
                                    Representative, State of Ohio.

                                                Barbara Boxer,    
                                     Senator, State of California.

        The SPEAKER. The Chair will endeavor to alternate recognition 
    between Members speaking in support of the objection and Members 
    speaking in opposition to the objection.
        The Chair recognizes the gentlewoman from Ohio (Mrs. Jones) for 
    5 minutes.
        Mrs. [Stephanie Tubbs] JONES of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I, Stephanie 
    Tubbs Jones, and Barbara Boxer, a Senator from California, have 
    objected to the counting of the electoral votes of the State of 
    Ohio on the ground that they were not, under all of the known 
    circumstances, regularly given.
        I, thank God, have a Senator joining me in this objection, and 
    I appreciate Senator Boxer's willingness to listen to the plight of 
    hundreds, and even thousands of Ohio voters, that for a variety of 
    reasons were denied the right to vote. . . .
        The SPEAKER. In the tradition of the House, the gentleman from 
    Texas will be heard for such time as he may consume. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                        SWEARING IN OF MEMBER-ELECT    

        The SPEAKER (during the vote). Will the gentleman from Georgia 
    (Mr. Norwood) please come to the well of the House and take the 
    oath of office at this time.
        Mr. NORWOOD appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath 
    of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you will take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

Sec. 3.22 The administration of the oath to a Member-elect may 
    interrupt the call of the roll of committees on Calendar 
    Wednesday.(95)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
95. Parliamentarian's Note: Calendar Wednesday procedures were used in 
        prior Congresses to expedite consideration of nonprivileged 
        measures reported by committees and the administration of the 
        oath of office was one of the few items of business that could 
        interrupt the call of committees under the rule. Clause 6 of 
        rule XV was amended in the 110th Congress to eliminate the 
        automatic call of committees and instead impose a notification 
        requirement (absent which the call does not occur). As such, 
        Calendar Wednesday procedures are rarely used in modern 
        practice. See House Rules and Manual Sec. 900 (2017). For more 
        on Calendar Wednesday, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 21 Sec. 4 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 7, 2008,(96) the following proceedings occurred 
during Calendar Wednesday:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
96. 154 Cong. Rec. 7993, 7997, 7998, 8001, 110th Cong. 2d Sess. See 
        also 6 Cannon's Precedents Sec. 22.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                               CALENDAR WEDNESDAY

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(97) Today is the day of 
    Calendar Wednesday. The Clerk will call the roll of committees.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
97. Michael McNulty (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk called the committees. . . .

                 COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
  The Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker: I have the honor to transmit herewith a 
    facsimile copy of a letter received from the Honorable Jay 
    Dardenne, Secretary of State, State of Louisiana, indicating that, 
    according to the unofficial returns of the Special Election held 
    May 3, 2008, the Honorable Steve Scalise was elected Representative 
    to Congress for the First Congressional District, State of 
    Louisiana.
        With best wishes, I am

            Sincerely,
                                           Lorraine C. Miller,    
                                                            Clerk.

        Enclosure.



  Hon. Lorraine C. Miller,
  Clerk, House of Representatives,
  The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Ms. Miller: This is to advise you that the unofficial 
    results of the Special Election held on Saturday, May 3, 2008, for 
    Representative in Congress from the First Congressional District of 
    Louisiana, show that ``Steve'' Scalise received 33,867 or 75.13% of 
    the total number of votes cast for that office.
        It would appear from these unofficial results that ``Steve'' 
    Scalise was elected as Representative in Congress from the First 
    Congressional District of Louisiana.
        To the best of our knowledge and belief at this time, there is 
    no contest to this election.
        As soon as the official results are certified to this office by 
    all Parishes involved, an official Certificate of Election will be 
    prepared for transmittal as required by law.
        If I can ever be of any assistance to you, please do not 
    hesitate contacting me.

            With best wishes,
                                                 Jay Dardenne,    
                       Secretary of State, State of Louisiana . . 
                    .                          -------------------

        SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE STEVE SCALISE, OF LOUISIANA, AS A 
                              MEMBER OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [James] McCRERY [of Louisiana]. Madam Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the gentleman from Louisiana, the Honorable 
    Steve Scalise, be permitted to take the oath of office today.
        His certificate of election has not arrived, but there is no 
    contest and no question has been raised with regard to his 
    election.
        The SPEAKER.(98) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Louisiana?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
98. Nancy Pelosi (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER. Will the Representative-elect and the members of 
    the Louisiana delegation present themselves in the well.
        Mr. Scalise appeared at the bar of the House and took the oath 
    of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear or affirm that you will support and 
    defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, 
    foreign and domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance 
    to the same; that you take this obligation freely, without any 
    mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that you will well 
    and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter, so help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now a Member of the 110th 
    Congress.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER. Under clause 5(d) of rule XX, the Chair announces 
    to the House that, in light of the administration of the oath to 
    the gentleman from Louisiana, the whole number of the House is 434. 
    . . .

                         CALENDAR WEDNESDAY--Continued

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Earl] Pomeroy [of North Dakota]). 
    The Clerk will resume the call of the roll of committees.
        The Clerk called the committees.



Sec. 4. Challenging the Right to be Sworn

    When the Speaker directs Members-elect to take the oath of office 
en masse, any Member-elect may challenge the right of another Member-
elect to be sworn.(1) This authority derives from the 
Constitution, which provides that ``Each House shall be the Judge of 
the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own 
Members.''(2) The challenging Member-elect must base the 
challenge on either specific information or on his or her own 
responsibility as a Member-elect.(3) A challenge may be 
directed at an individual Member-elect, or at an entire state 
delegation.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 6.1.
 2. U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 1; House Rules and Manual Sec. 46 
        (2017).
 3. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 6.2. If the Member-elect does 
        not state a sufficient basis for the challenge, the House may 
        decline to entertain it. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 455.
 4. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. Sec. 6.4, 6.5. 
        Instances of challenges being made to entire state delegations 
        are found primarily in the Civil War-era, where the issue was 
        the status of the constituency rather than the qualifications 
        or elections of the individual Members. See 1 Hinds' Precedents 
        Sec. Sec. 457, 460-462.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When a challenge is made, the Speaker requests that the challenged 
Member(s)-elect not rise to take the oath with the rest of the 
membership. The Speaker does not rule on the challenge but awaits a 
decision of the House as to whether the challenged Member(s)-elect may 
take the oath. A challenged Member-elect does not lose any rights or 
privileges as a Member-elect.(5) A challenged Member-elect 
may be permitted to debate the issue of the right to the 
seat.(6) Challenged cases are taken up in the order in which 
the challenges are made.(7) While resolutions addressing the 
right of a Member-elect to be sworn are privileged,(8) the 
House may complete other organizational business first,(9) 
or proceed to legislative business by unanimous consent.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. For more on the status of Members-elect versus full Members, see 
        Sec. 1, supra.
 6. Debate will generally not be permitted until the remaining Members-
        elect have been sworn. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 
        Sec. 6.3. For floor privileges of contestants and contestees in 
        election cases, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.5 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 5.
 7. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. Sec. 147, 148.
 8. House Rules and Manual Sec. 201 (2017).
 9. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 474.
10. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. Sec. 151, 152.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House typically resolves a challenge to seating a Member-elect 
by one of three methods. The House may simply choose to authorize the 
administration of the oath to the challenged Member-elect (by 
privileged resolution), determining both the prima facie and final 
right to the seat.(11) Alternatively, the House may only 
determine the prima facie right to the seat and adopt a resolution 
authorizing the administration of the oath, but referring the question 
of the final right to the seat to a committee.(12) Finally, 
the House may choose not to permit the administration of the oath to 
the Member-elect, but instead refer the issues of both the prima facie 
and final right to the seat to committee.(13) A variety of 
factors determine which type of resolution the House will adopt, 
including the grounds for the challenge and the sufficiency of the 
evidence presented. If the House determines that a Member-elect should 
not be seated, and that individual is reelected to that same Congress 
(or a subsequent Congress), a new challenge must be made when such 
individual appears to take the oath.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. 6.5.
12. See 1 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 544. The committee with jurisdiction 
        over contested elections (and Federal elections generally) is 
        the Committee on House Administration. Rule X, clause 1(k)(12), 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 724 (2017).
13. See, e.g., Sec. 4.1, infra.
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 2 Sec. Sec. 6.7-6.9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In 1969, Congress passed the Federal Contested Elections 
Act(15) which set forth procedures for resolving election 
contests in the House.(16) The filing of a ``notice of 
contest'' under the statute by a contestant confers jurisdiction on the 
Committee on House Administration to investigate the case and recommend 
a course of action to the full House. No further action of the House is 
necessary to begin that process. It is rare for a Member-elect to 
formally challenge the administration of the oath to another Member-
elect based merely on the filing of a notice under the 
statute.(17) Rather, the House generally allows the 
investigation to proceed under the statute and awaits the 
recommendation of the committee. By seating a contestee under such 
circumstances, the House makes the initial determination that the 
individual has a prima facie right to the seat, but makes no such 
determination as to the final right to the seat.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. P.L. 91-138, 83 Stat. 284, as amended by P.L. 104-186, 110 Stat. 
        1718, codified at 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 381-396.
16. For election contests generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 9 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 9.
17. For parliamentary inquiries on this issue, see Sec. 2.3, supra.
18. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Since the advent of these statutory mechanisms for challenging the 
right of a Member-elect to be seated, there have been relatively few 
occasions in which a Member-elect took the initiative to offer a 
challenge on the floor. In 1985, a challenge was made to the seating of 
Richard McIntyre of Indiana, and the issue of the prima facie and final 
right to the seat was referred to the Committee on House 
Administration.(19) Also in 1985, a challenge was made to 
the seating of Richard Stallings of Idaho, but a resolution was adopted 
authorizing the Speaker to administer the oath.(20) A notice 
of a contested election had been filed in the case, and so there was no 
need for the House to refer the issue of the final right to the seat to 
committee.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. See Sec. 4.2, infra. Following the committee investigation, the 
        House eventually seated the contestee in that case, Frank 
        McCloskey. See Sec. 3.8, supra.
20. See Sec. 4.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 4.1 Where a candidate's certificate of election was contradicted 
    by extrinsic evidence of irregularities in state certification of 
    recount procedures (although not by documents from state election 
    officials), the Speaker requested the challenged Member-elect to 
    remain seated while other Members-elect were administered the oath 
    of office, following which the House adopted a resolution declaring 
    that neither candidate was to be sworn, and that the question of 
    the right to the seat be referred to the Committee on House 
    Administration.

    On January 3, 1985,(21) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 131 Cong. Rec. 380-382, 386-387, 99th Cong. 1st 
        Sess.                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS    

        The SPEAKER.(22) According to the precedents, the 
    Chair will swear in all Members of the House at this time.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Wright].
        Mr. [James] WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, upon my responsibility as a 
    Member-elect of the 99th Congress, I object to the oath being 
    administered to the gentleman from Indiana, Mr. McIntyre, and I 
    base this upon facts and statements which I consider to be 
    reliable.
        The SPEAKER. Are there any other Members-elect who wish to 
    offer a challenge?
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Myers].
        Mr. [John] MYERS of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, upon my 
    responsibility as a Member-elect of the 99th Congress, I object to 
    the oath of office being administered to the gentleman from Idaho, 
    Mr. Richard Stallings. I base this upon statements and information 
    which I deem reliable.
        The SPEAKER. Are there any other Members-elect to be 
    challenged?
        The Members-elect that have been challenged will be seated. The 
    remaining Members will take the oath of office.
        The Members-elect and Delegates-elect and the Resident 
    Commissioner-elect rose, and the Speaker administered the oath of 
    office to them.
        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. The gentlemen and gentlewomen are 
    now Members of the 99th Congress of the United 
    States.                          -------------------

         REFERRING ELECTION OF A MEMBER FROM THE EIGHTH CONGRESSIONAL 
          DISTRICT OF INDIANA TO THE COMMITTEE ON HOUSE ADMINISTRATION

        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I have a privileged resolution at the 
    Clerk's desk, and I ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 1

  Resolved, That the question of the right of Frank McCloskey or Richard 
McIntyre to a seat in the Ninety-ninth Congress from the Eighth 
Congressional District of Indiana shall be referred to the Committee on 
House Administration, when elected, and neither Frank McCloskey nor Richard 
McIntyre shall be sworn until the Committee on House Administration reports 
upon and the House decides such question. For each day during the period 
beginning on the date on which this resolution is agreed to and ending on 
the day before the date on which the House decides such question, Frank 
McCloskey and Richard McIntyre shall each be paid an amount equal to the 
daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay payable to a Member of the 
House. For the period beginning on the date on which this resolution is 
agreed to and ending on the date on which the House decides such question, 
the Clerk of the House shall provide for clerical assistants in the manner 
provided by law for the case of death or resignation of a Member and shall 
otherwise perform full administrative functions with respect to the Eighth 
Congressional District of Indiana. There shall be paid from the contingent 
fund of the House such sums as may be necessary to carry out this 
resolution.

        The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. Wright], under the 
    precedents, is recognized for 1 hour
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, for purposes of debate only, I shall 
    yield 30 minutes to the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. Frenzel], and 
    pending that, I yield myself such time as I may consume.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [George] GEKAS [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Texas yield for a 
    parliamentary inquiry?
        Mr. WRIGHT. I yield to the gentleman from Pennsylvania for a 
    parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        Mr. GEKAS. I simply would ask the Speaker of the House to pose 
    the question that is before the House precisely so that we know 
    about what the debate to ensue is concerned.
        Mr. WRIGHT. I will be glad to explain, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The answer to the point of parliamentary inquiry 
    is the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Wright] has offered in the House a 
    resolution which the Clerk has read. That is what the House is 
    debating, and that is what we will vote on.
        Mr. GEKAS. Then, Mr. Speaker, I simply would ask the gentleman 
    to repeat at the outset the body of the resolution which he has 
    presented.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. Wright] is 
    recognized.
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I will be happy to explain the 
    resolution.
        This is a very simple resolution which follows precedents 
    previously established in the House in situations which are 
    similar. This resolves the question in regard to the disputed 
    election in the Eighth Congressional District of Indiana in the 
    same manner in which previous disputes of a similar and, in fact, 
    almost identical nature have been resolved in the House.
        The resolution provides that the question of the right of Frank 
    McCloskey or Richard McIntyre to a seat in the 99th Congress shall 
    be referred to the Committee on House Administration, and that 
    neither Frank McCloskey nor Richard McIntyre shall be sworn until 
    the Committee on House Administration reports upon, and the House 
    decides, the question of which is truly and duly elected.
        This House, Mr. Speaker, has been invested by the Constitution 
    with the responsibility to judge the qualifications, returns, and 
    elections of its Members. That responsibility the House always has 
    taken very seriously. To prevent election disputes from 
    degenerating into partisan confrontations, the House has created a 
    general presumption in favor of the candidate who is certified by 
    the appropriate State election official as a Member-elect. That 
    certification carries with it the presumption that the State 
    election procedures have been timely, regular, and fairly 
    implemented.
        The House will reject a certification only under the most 
    exceptional circumstances, where the very ability of the State 
    election procedures to determine the outcome accurately is put into 
    serious, question. Regrettably the election in the Eighth 
    Congressional District of Indiana falls into this most narrow of 
    exceptions.
        The election procedures employed in the Eighth Congressional 
    District have been neither timely nor regular, and serious 
    questions have been raised with respect to their fairness. As of 
    today, the recount provided for by State law is far from complete. 
    Major changes in the election totals occur almost daily. The 
    outcome of the race has changed as different counties have 
    concluded their recounts. The results from the counties which have 
    certified new recount totals would give Mr. McCloskey a lead of 
    some 47 votes at this particular moment, and that, of course, 
    differs from the results upon which the secretary of state based 
    his certification to the House. His certification reflects only the 
    totals from the first county of the multicounty district which 
    completed its recount.
        The State procedures have consequently failed to produce a 
    timely resolution of the election on which the House can 
    confidently rely in discharging our constitutional responsibility.
        Neither has the State procedure been regular in its 
    application; 15 separate counties are participating in the recount. 
    Each such county is operating under its own set of rules. As a 
    consequence, ballots bearing identical minor flaws are counted or 
    not counted, depending upon the individual county involved. There 
    is no uniformity of rule or application. Literally hundreds of 
    votes already have been disallowed.
        The technical requirements for counting votes in Indiana are so 
    complex and so confusing that the recount underway has not to date 
    produced a result on which the House can rely. Discrepancies in 
    vote totals from election night and during the recount make it 
    absolutely impossible at this stage to determine with certitude who 
    is the duly elected Member from the Eighth Congressional District 
    of Indiana. Seating one candidate or another would be based on mere 
    speculation.
        Questions have been raised additionally about the extent to 
    which the certification and recount procedures may have been 
    subject to partisan pressures, and this puts into question the 
    impartiality and the fairness of the process. The combination of 
    these factors renders the House at this time unable to judge the 
    election in a manner commensurate with its constitutional 
    responsibility to the people of the Eighth Congressional District 
    of Indiana. The election procedures to date have simply not yielded 
    a result on which the House can judge.
        A very similar, in fact almost identical situation confronted 
    the House in 1961 in a contest between Mr. Roush and Mr. Chambers.
        Ironically, that case arose also in the State of Indiana. In 
    that instance, which forms the closest on-point precedent to the 
    present situation, Mr. Chambers was certified by the secretary of 
    state as having been elected based upon a unilateral determination 
    of error on the part of the secretary of state. In that instance 
    the House asked both candidates to stand aside, as this resolution 
    would ask today.
        In that prior instance the complete investigation and recount 
    revealed that the secretary of state was in error and that Mr. 
    Roush had been duly and truly elected.
        And so, Mr. Speaker, in keeping with the solemn constitutional 
    responsibility of the House and pursuant to the best precedent 
    available to us, I find it most unfortunate that we are resorting 
    to this extraordinary measure, but I find it to be the only fair 
    and honorable procedure available to us.
        Let me assure my colleagues, and more importantly assure the 
    voters of the Eighth Congressional District of Indiana, that this 
    matter will be resolved fairly and openly, and I hope, trust, and 
    intend that it shall be resolved expeditiously.
        Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
        Mr. [William] FRENZEL [of Minnesota]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/
    2\ minutes to the distinguished minority leader, the gentleman from 
    Illinois [Mr. MICHEL]. . . .
        To do anything short of seating Mr. McIntyre, in effect 
    disenfranchises 500,000 Indiana citizens for an indefinite period 
    of time.
        They would have no voice, no voice, and without good cause.
        One final point: The shadow of the Supreme Court case of Powell 
    versus McCormack rests in this Chamber today. Some of us recall how 
    the House excluded Representative-elect Powell from the 90th 
    Congress. He had a certificate of election. Let us remember that 
    the bottom line of that decision was ``In judging the qualification 
    of its Members under Article I, section 5, the Congress is limited 
    to the standing qualifications expressly prescribed by the 
    Constitution.'' And that is, as I recall from my grade school 
    history, being 25 years of age, a citizen of the United States for 
    7 years, an inhabitant of the State from which one is elected, and 
    holding a certificate of election from one's secretary of State. 
    That is all that it says.
        And we were in error some time ago when we denied a Member a 
    seat because we did not adhere to those four basic principles and 
    you are going to do the same thing here today if you do not vote 
    down the gentleman from Texas' resolution.
        Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
        Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman 
    from Indiana, Mr. McIntyre.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman does not have the right to 
    participate in debate unless the House agrees. If there is an 
    objection from the House, the gentleman may not speak.
        Without objection, the gentleman is entitled to 5 minutes.
        There was no objection.
        Mr. McINTYRE. Thank you, Mr. Speaker.
        Mr. Speaker, and Members of the House, I did not expect my 
    maiden speech to the House to be like this and I wish that it was 
    not. But I do appreciate the opportunity.
        As you know from the testimony here today we had a very close 
    election in Indiana. I was certified the winner by 34 votes. . . .
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume. I had not intended to speak again on this subject; I do so 
    only to make abundantly clear in the Record that no violation of 
    precedent or principle is being contemplated by the resolution 
    presently under consideration. . . .
        I have just one other thing to say, and this is with respect to 
    the suggestion that somehow what we are doing today runs contrary 
    to the ruling of the Supreme Court in the case of Powell versus 
    McCormack. That is not true either.
        Section 5 of article I of the Constitution reads as follows:
        Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and 
    qualifications of its own Members.
        In the McCormack case, we were not attempting to Judge an 
    election; we were presuming to judge qualifications. The Court, in 
    my opinion rightly, held that the House could not add to the 
    constitutionally enumerated qualifications. So in the case of Mr. 
    Powell we were held by the court to have acted unconstitutionally. 
    We were not Judging an election; we were judging qualifications.
        Today, there is no question of qualifications. Nobody has 
    suggested that the splendid young gentleman, Mr. McIntyre, lacks 
    qualifications or that he is not constitutionally qualified to 
    serve if it shall be determined that he was, indeed, duly elected. 
    Nobody has made that suggestion. We are not presuming to judge his 
    qualifications, as the House has in the Powell case.
        What we are attempting to do here is to fulfill our 
    constitutional responsibility to make certain that an election has 
    been duly and truly held, that its result has been timely and 
    regular, and that the procedures have been fair. In this instance, 
    there is serious question.
        So we are attempting to do what we think is the only fair thing 
    to do. That is to ask each of the two contestants to stand aside 
    until the Committee on House Administration shall have completed 
    its recount and rendered its judgment.
        Mr. Speaker, on the resolution, I call for the previous 
    question.
        Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield for a 
    question on his resolution?
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I will withhold my call for the 
    previous question in order that I may yield to my friend, Mr. 
    Frenzel.
        Mr. FRENZEL. I appreciate the gentleman yielding.
        Mr. Speaker, on page 2, in lines 13 through 19, it describes 
    the duties of the Clerk providing clerical assistance to maintain 
    the full administrative functions for the Eighth District of 
    Indiana.
        My question is: Can the distinguished majority leader assure us 
    that none of the employees of former Congressman McCloskey will be 
    maintained on the House payroll for the purposes of performing full 
    administrative functions with respect to the Eighth District of 
    Indiana?
        Mr. WRIGHT. I think I understand the gentleman's question.
        I would presume that the Clerk of the House will act in exactly 
    the same way as he did in the Phil Gramm case, and exactly as he 
    does in cases involving the death of a Member. I think that is in 
    keeping with his constitutional responsibilities.
        I move the previous question on the resolution, Mr. Speaker. . 
    . .
        The question is on ordering the previous question.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    238, nays 177, not voting 11, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 3] . . .

        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 4.2 Where the right of a Member-elect to take the oath of office 
    was challenged, the Majority Leader offered a resolution 
    authorizing the Speaker to administer the oath to the Member-
    elect.(23)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Parliamentarian's Note: As noted in debate on this resolution, 
        notice of an election contest had been filed with the Clerk 
        pursuant to statute (2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 381 et seq.) and an 
        investigation begun. As a result, it was not necessary for the 
        House to refer the issue to the final right to the seat to the 
        Committee on House Administration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 3, 1985,(24) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. 131 Cong. Rec. 381, 388-89, 391, 392, 99th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 3.6 (broadcasting committee 
        proceedings on recount of ballots in election contest).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [James] WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I have a privileged 
    resolution at the Clerk's desk, and I ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 2

  Resolved, That the Speaker is hereby authorized and directed to 
administer the oath of office to the gentleman from Idaho, Mr. Stallings.

        The SPEAKER.(25) The gentleman from Texas [Mr. 
    Wright] is recognized for 1 hour.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I do not expect this debate to consume 
    an hour.
        Mr. Speaker, I will yield 15 minutes, for purposes of debate 
    only, to the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Myers]. I also yield 
    myself 15 minutes for that purpose, pending which, for that purpose 
    only, I yield 15 minutes to the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Myers].
        Mr. MYERS of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, earlier today when two 
    Members were asked to stand aside, I asked to be one of those to 
    stand aside for one reason.
        I asked for Mr. Stallings of Idaho to stand aside for one 
    reason. Even though it is not required by statute to do this, 
    historically we have asked seats in question to stand aside, and 
    then be sworn in without prejudice. . . .
        I include the following:
                                           State of Idaho,        
                                           Secretary of State,    
                                           Boise, January 2, 1985.
  Benjamin J. Guthrie,
  Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives,
  U.S. Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Guthrie: As the chief election officer of the State of 
    Idaho I present this correspondence to further inform your office 
    of certain proceedings presently pending in Idaho.
        The Second District Congressional election in Idaho was decided 
    by 170 votes.
        Since issuance of the certificate of election by my office, 
    certain allegations of substantial irregularities involving 
    registration and voting in Blaine County, Idaho, have been 
    presented by a member of our legislature. The alleged 
    irregularities are stated to be of sufficient volume to potentially 
    change the result of this congressional election.
        In light of these complained of election irregularities, our 
    office has sought the assistance of the Idaho Attorney General's 
    office. The Idaho Attorney General's office is presently 
    investigating these matters.
        As you are aware our office has requested the assistance of the 
    U.S. Attorney's office in investigating this matter.
        Presently the U.S. Attorney's office has referred this request 
    to their chief of election crimes branch in order that review of 
    this matter may be expedited.
        In Blaine County, Fifth District Judge Douglas Kramer has 
    appointed special inquiry Magistrate Judge William Hart of Lincoln 
    County, Idaho to head a probe of alleged voter fraud and election 
    irregularities in Blaine County.
        Blaine County Prosecuting Attorney Keith Roark, a democrat, has 
    also initiated an investigation in this matter. The special inquiry 
    procedure gives the prosecutor broad subpoena powers to investigate 
    these matters. Mr. Roark has also asked the Federal Bureau of 
    Investigation to Join in this investigation as well.
        In the Idaho legislature, a special legislative committee will 
    investigate the alleged election irregularities in Blaine County.
        As the State's Chief Election official, I have pledged full 
    cooperation and support to any partisan, bipartisan or non partisan 
    agency, committee or office investigating the election 
    irregularities in Blaine County, Idaho.
        Since it is contended the outcome of these investigations may 
    have a substantial impact on this election as well as other local 
    elections. I have requested that these bipartisan investigations be 
    completed as soon as is possible.
        It continues to be my fervent hope that these matters will be 
    resolved shortly and that the will of the people of Idaho will be 
    accurately stated by sending to Washington that representative duly 
    and lawfully elected.

            Yours Truly,
                                            Pete T. Cenarrusa,    
                                Secretary of State of Idaho. . . .

        It will be a matter of delight for me to see how my friends on 
    the Democratic side can rationalize one vote one way and another 
    vote the other.
        Let us look at the difference in the two campaigns. Both of 
    them were close contests. Stallings was declared a winner by 170 
    votes; McIntyre by 40. Was there a contest filed by McCloskey? No. 
    Is there a contest in the Stallings race? Yes, there is, duly filed 
    with the House of Representatives, and of course a flock of court 
    cases. . . .
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        Mr. Speaker, I think it is significant that each of those on 
    the other side who have spoken to this question have urged an aye 
    vote on my motion.  . . .
        I think there are several clearly distinguishable features 
    between this instance and the instance which we earlier resolved. 
    In the first place, the Idaho case is similar to hundreds of cases 
    that have occurred, whereas the Indiana case is distinct in various 
    particulars. In the Idaho instance, the process was completed in a 
    timely fashion. In Indiana, the process is unlikely to be completed 
    for weeks yet to come. In Idaho, uniform procedures were followed 
    for counting the ballots. In Indiana, the ballots were counted 
    under 15 different sets of rules, and some of them have not been 
    fully counted yet.
        In Idaho the certification proceeded according to State law. In 
    Indiana, the certification was held up until one county completed 
    its recount, then hastily made and has not been left open for 
    change. In Idaho, there was no discrepancy in the result. A recount 
    was conducted by the State, was completed, and the gentleman from 
    Idaho [Mr. Stallings], was declared to be the victor.
        In Indiana, by contrast, the result is different according to 
    which recount totals one uses. In Idaho, the State law is clear. In 
    Indiana, the State law is complex and confusing. In Idaho, there 
    were very few votes disallowed. In Indiana, hundreds, literally 
    hundreds of votes have been disallowed.
        Finally, in Idaho, all the State remedies have been exhausted 
    and Mr. Stallings has been declared the winner. In Indiana, State 
    remedies still remain. For all of these reasons, the two cases are 
    clearly distinguishable, and I do not expect that Members are 
    likely to vote against this present resolution, but I do want all 
    of us to understand that in so doing we are not behaving in a 
    manner inconsistent from the manner which we followed earlier in 
    our determination that we were not yet prepared on the strength of 
    the information available to us at this moment, to declare who the 
    winner was in the instance of the Eighth District of Indiana.
        In the present instance, I think we are prepared, and I move 
    the previous question on the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Thomas] Foley [of Washington]). 
    Without objection, the previous question is ordered on the 
    resolution.
        The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [William] FRENZEL [of Minnesota]. Mr. Speaker, on that I 
    demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    407, nays 0, answered ``present'' 1, not voting 18, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 4] . . .

        The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman from Arizona [Mr. Udall] kindly 
    bring the gentleman from Idaho [Mr. Stallings] to the well?
        Does the gentleman from Arizona have any remarks that he wishes 
    to express at this time?
        Mr. [Morris] UDALL [of Arizona]. No, Mr. Speaker.
        The Speaker administered the oath of office to the Member-
    elect, the Honorable Richard H. Stallings of Idaho.
        The SPEAKER. Congratulations. You are now a Member of the 
    Congress of the United States.
                        PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE
Ch. 2


                              INDEX-OATHS

Adjournment
    oath of office, relationship to motion to adjourn, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.17
Administration of the Oath of Office
    see Oath of Office
Calendar Wednesday
    oath of office administered during call of committees, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.22
Certificates of Election
    Clerk compiles roll of Members-elect using, Sec. 2
    death of Member-elect, effect on Clerk's roll, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.4
    election contests, as evidence in, Sec. 2
    email scan, transmittal by, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.6
    fax, transmittal by, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5
    receipt by Clerk, Sec. Sec. 2, 3, 3.5, 3.6
    resignation of Member-elect, effect on Clerk's roll, Sec. Sec. 2, 
        2.5
    unanimous consent to be included on Clerk's roll in absence of, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1, 2.2
Challenging the Right to be Sworn
    election contests, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 3, 4
    in general, Sec. 4
    resolution authorizing administration of the oath of office 
        following challenge, Sec. 4.2
    timing, Sec. Sec. 3, 4
Classified Briefings
    see Oath of Secrecy
Clerk of the House
    certificates of election received by, Sec. 2
    oath of office, publication of names of Members who have taken, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    oath of secrecy, publication of names of Members who have taken, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    roll of Members-elect compiled by, Sec. 2
Clerk's Roll
    see Certificates of Election and Clerk
Committee on House Administration
    election contests, jurisdiction over, Sec. 4
    election contests, privileged resolution resolving reported by, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.8, 4
    jurisdiction over election contests, Sec. 4
    resolution resolving election contest reported by, Sec. Sec. 3.8, 4
Committees
    election to, contingent on taking oath, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.2, 1.3
    jurisdiction over election contests, see Committee on House 
        Administration and Election Contests
Congressional Record
    oath of office, names of Members who have taken published in, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    oath of secrecy, names of Members who have taken published in, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
Constitution
    challenging the right to be sworn, authorization derives from, 
        Sec. 4
    election of Speaker, Members-elect authorized to participate in, 
        Sec. 1
    Members-elect, constitutional rights and privileges generally, 
        Sec. 1
    oath required by, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    quorum call on opening day, Members-elect authorized to participate 
        in, Sec. 1
    yeas and nays, Members-elect authorized to call for, Sec. 1
Contested Elections
    see Election Contests
Credentials
    see Certificates of Election
Dean of the House
    oath of office administered to Speaker by, Sec. 3
Death
    Clerk's roll, deceased Members-elect included on, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.4
Election Contests
    certificates of election, relationship to, Sec. 2
    challenging the right to be sworn, relationship to, Sec. 3
    Federal Contested Elections Act, Sec. 4
    floor privileges of contestants in, Sec. 1
    floor privileges of contestees in, Sec. 1
    oath of office, relationship to, Sec. 2.3
    parliamentary inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 2.3, 3
    privileged resolution resolving, Sec. Sec. 3.8, 4
    referral to committee, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7, 4, 4.1
Election of Speaker
    see Speaker of the House
Electoral College
    oath administered during vote on objection to counting, Sec. 3.21
Federal Contested Elections Act
    see Election Contests
Floor Privileges
    contestants in election cases, Sec. 1
    contestees in election cases, Sec. 1
House Administration
    see Committee on House Administration
Leaves of Absence
    Members-elect taking, Sec. 1.8
Incomptaible Offices
    oath of office, administration delayed pending resignation from, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7
Journal
    amendments to, administration of oath of office has precedence 
        over, Sec. 3
    oath of office, names of Members who have taken published in, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
Members-elect
    constitutional rights and privileges of, Sec. 1
    death of, effect on Clerk's roll, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.4
    election of Speaker, participation in, Sec. 1
    election to committees, contingent on taking oath, 1, 
        Sec. Sec. 1.2, 1.3
    incomptaible offices, resignation from, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7
    leaves of absence, taking, Sec. 1.8
    Members distinguished, Sec. 1
    oath of office administered to by Speaker, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.1, 3.2
    oath of office administered to by deputy appointed by Speaker, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13
    oath of office, unanimous-consent request to take without 
        certificate of election, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.10
    organization of the House generally, participation in, Sec. 1
    quorum call on opening day, participation in, Sec. 1
    ratification of improper actions taken by, Sec. 3.3
    resignation of, effect on Clerk's roll, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.5
    vacating improper actions taken by, Sec. 3.3
    yeas and nays, ability to call for, Sec. 1
Motions
    adjourn, relationship of administration of oath of office to, 
        Sec. 3
    Members-elect, ability to offer prior to administration of oath of 
        office, Sec. 1
    previous question, effect of ordering on administration of oath of 
        office, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.19
Oath of Office
    acceptance by House of administration by deputy, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.15
    adjournment, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.17
    administration authorized by resolution, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7, 3.9, 4.2
    administration authorized by unanimous consent, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.10
    administration during quorum call, Sec. 3.16
    administration during vote, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.18, 3.20, 3.21
    administration following quorum call at second session, Sec. 3.4
    administration following special election, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5, 3.10
    administration to Members-elect by Speaker, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.1, 
        3.2
    administration to Members-elect following special election, Sec. 3
    administration to officers of the House by Speaker, Sec. 1
    administration to Speaker by Dean of the House, Sec. 3
    Congressional Record, publication of names of Members who have 
        taken, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    constitutional requirements, Sec. 1
    Dean of the House, administration to Speaker by, Sec. 3
    delayed pending resignation from incompatible office, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.7
    deputy authorized to administer, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13
    election contests, effect of administration on, Sec. 2.3
    election to committee, requirement to take, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.2, 1.3
    form pursuant to statute, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    general parliamentary law, relationship to, Sec. 1
    Journal, publication of names of Members who have taken in, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    oath of secrecy distinguished, Sec. 1
    parliamentary inquiries regarding timing, Sec. 3.11
    previous question, effect of ordering on administration, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.19
    quorum call, administration during, Sec. 3.16
    resolution authorizing administration to Member-elect, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.7, 3.9, 4.2
    salary and benefits of Members, relationship to, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.6
    Speaker pro tempore authorized to administer, Sec. 3.10
    Speaker's role in administering, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.1, 3.2
    special elections, administration following, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5, 3.10
    transmittal of unofficial results not sufficient to support 
        administration of, Sec. 3
    unanimous-consent request to take without certificate of election, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1, 2.2
    unanimous-consent requests to authorize administration of, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.10
    unanimous-consent requests to authorize appointed Speaker pro 
        tempore to administer, Sec. 3
    vote, administration during, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.18, 3.20, 3.21
Oath of Secrecy
    classified briefings, requirements regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.5
    oath of office distinguished, Sec. 1
    publication by Clerk of names of Members who have taken, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    secret sessions, requirements regarding, Sec. 1
Officers of the House
    Clerk, see Clerk of the House
    oath of office administered by Speaker to, Sec. 1
    Speaker, see Speaker of the House
    Speaker pro tempore, see Speaker pro tempore
Parliamentary Inquiries
    election contests, inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 2.3, 3
    oath of office, inquiries regarding administration, Sec. 3.11
Points of Order
    Members-elect, ability to raise, Sec. 1
Precedence
    adjourn, motion to, relationship to administration of oath of 
        office, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.17
    oath of office, administration has precedence over motion to amend 
        Journal, Sec. 3
Previous Question
    see Motions
Privileged Questions
    deputy authorized to administer the oath of office, resolutions 
        related to, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13, 3.15
    election contest, resolution resolving, Sec. Sec. 3.8, 4
    oath of office, resolutions authorizing Speaker to administer, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.7, 3.9
    resolution accepting administration of oath by deputy, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.15
    resolution authorizing Speaker to administer the oath of office, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.7, 3.9, 4.2
    resolution authorizing Speaker to appoint deputy to administer the 
        oath of office, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13
    resolution resolving election contest, Sec. Sec. 3.8, 4
Question of Consideration
    oath of office administered during vote on, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.20
Quorums and Quorum Calls
    Clerk's roll of Members-elect used in opening day quorum call, 
        Sec. 2
    first session quorum call, Members-elect participate in, Sec. 1
    Members-elect may participate in opening day quorum call, Sec. 1
    oath of office administered during quorum call, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.16
    oath of office, administration does not require quorum, Sec. 3
    second session quorum call, administration of oath of office 
        following, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.4
Referrals
    final right to seat, question referred to committee, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.7, 4, 4.1
    jurisdiction over election contests, see Committee on House 
        Administration and Election Contests
    prima facie right to seat, question referred to committee, 
        Sec. Sec. 4, 4.1
Resignation
    Clerk's roll, resigned Members-elect included on, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.5
    incomptaible offices, administration of oath of office delayed 
        pending resignation from, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7
Rules of the House
    oath of office administered during consideration of resolution 
        adopting, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.20
Secret Sessions
    oath of secrecy required, Sec. 1
Speaker of the House
    deputy to administer oath of office, authorization to appoint, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13
    deputy to administer oath of office, notification of appointment, 
        Sec. 3.13
    deputy to administer oath of office, notification that oath had 
        been administered, Sec. 3.14
    election of, Members-elect may participate in, Sec. 1
    oath of office administered by Dean of the House to, Sec. 3
    oath of office administered to Members-elect by, Sec. 3
    oath of office administered to officers of the House by, Sec. 1
    parliamentary inquiries regarding administration of oath of office 
        entertained by, Sec. 3.11
    parliamentary inquiries regarding election contests entertained by, 
        Sec. Sec. 2.3, 3
    Speaker Pro Tempore, see Speaker pro tempore
Speaker Pro Tempore
    appointed, administration of the oath of office by, Sec. 3
    elected, administration of the oath of office by, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.12
    oath of office administered by, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.12
    unanimous-consent request to permit administration of the oath of 
        office by, Sec. 3
Special Order of Business
    oath of office administered during consideration of, Sec. 3
Special Elections
    oath of office administered to Members-elect following, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5, 3.10
    vacancies created between sessions, Sec. 3
Swearing in
    see Oath of Office
Unanimous Consent
    Clerk's roll of Members-elect, requests to be included on, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1, 2.2
    oath of office, when request to administer is required, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5, 3.10
    Speaker pro tempore, appointed, requests to permit administration 
        of oath of office, Sec. 3
Vacancies
    see Special Elections, Death, and Resignation
Voting
    election of Speaker, Members-elect may participate in, Sec. 1
    oath of office administered during vote, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.18, 3.20, 
        3.21
    yeas and nays, Members-elect may call for, Sec. 1




                               CHAPTER 3

                           Party Organization
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Commentary and editing by Andrew S. Neal, J.D. and Max A. Spitzer, 
        J.D., LL.M.
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                A. The Democratic Caucus and the Republican Conference

                  Sec.  1. In General

                  Sec.  2. Role of Parties at Organization

                  Sec.  3. Other Duties and Functions of the Caucus or 
                    Conference

                  Sec.  4. Party Committees and Other Informal Groups

                B. Floor Leaders and Party Whips

                  Sec.  5. In General

                  Sec.  6. The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader

                  Sec.  7. Party Whips

                C. Committee Assignments

                  Sec.  8. Electing Members to Committees

                  Sec.  9. Committee Size and Ratios; Limitations on 
                    Service

                  Sec. 10. Committee Procedures and Staff

                D. Party Affiliation and Debate

                  Sec. 11. Recognition for Debate Based on Party 
                    Affiliation

                  Sec. 12. Non-Legislative Debate






                           Party Organization



         A. The Democratic Caucus and the Republican Conference



Sec. 1. In General

    From the earliest days of the American republic, Members of 
Congress have grouped themselves into different factions, blocs, or 
parties.(1) Even in the first Congresses, under the 
presidencies of George Washington and John Adams, Members divided along 
pro-administration and anti-administration lines to signal agreement or 
disagreement with the policies of the executive branch. Differing 
groups have also frequently formed along regional lines, with Members 
from similar areas coming together to promote interests specific to 
their geographic locale. Conflicts between regional factions have been 
common in American history, most notably in the years leading up to the 
Civil War.
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 1. Parliamentarian's Note: In 1796, George Washington penned a 
        ``Farewell Address'' to the American people, in which he warned 
        that the spirit of faction might weaken constitutional 
        government and thus deprive the people of their rights. In 
        1862, a special joint session of Congress was held to hear a 
        reading of the address, beginning a tradition of annual 
        readings of the address on the House floor. 5 Hinds' Precedents 
        Sec. 7070. The tradition was discontinued in the House after 
        1979 (Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 3.6) but the Senate 
        still conducts an annual reading of the address. See, e.g., 163 
        Cong. Rec. S1424-S1428 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Feb. 
        27, 2017).
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    By far the most consequential division in American history has been 
between the two major political parties that coalesced after the Civil 
War_the Democratic party and the Republican party.(2) 
Although there have been many instances of House Members belonging to 
third parties or claiming independence from either party,(3) 
for over 150 years most Members have formally identified as members of 
either the Democratic party or the Republican party.(4) The 
name for the Democratic party organization in the House is the 
Democratic Caucus, while the name for the Republican party organization 
is the Republican Conference.(5)
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 2. Parliamentarian's Note: The Democratic party traces its origins 
        back to the 1830s, and was formed from the remnants of the 
        Democratic-Republican party founded by Thomas Jefferson and 
        James Madison. The Republican party (also known as the G.O.P. 
        or ``Grand Old Party'') was founded in 1854 as primarily an 
        anti-slavery party opposed to the extension of slavery into new 
        states and territories. See Robert V. Remini, The House, 116, 
        150 (Harper Collins 2006).
 3. For issues relating to committee assignments for independent or 
        third-party Members, see Sec. 8, infra.
 4. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 35th Congress (1857), Democrats and 
        Republicans held the majority of all seats in the House for the 
        first time, with fifteen additional Members affiliating with 
        neither major party. Throughout the remainder of the 19th 
        century, each Congress saw at most a few dozen Members elected 
        under a variety of different party labels_``Americans,'' 
        ``Unionists,'' ``Nationals,'' ``Silverites,'' ``Populists,'' as 
        well as ``Independent Democrats'' and ``Independent 
        Republicans.'' In the early part of the 20th century, House 
        Members were occasionally elected on ``Socialist,'' 
        ``Progressive,'' or ``Farm-Labor'' tickets, but the vast 
        majority continued to come from either the Democratic or 
        Republican parties. Since the Second World War, not more than 
        five Members in any Congress have chosen to formally affiliate 
        with neither of the major political parties. History, Art & 
        Archives, House of Representatives, Party Divisions of the 
        House of Representatives, www.history.house.gov/institution/
        Party-Divisions/Party-Divisions (Mar. 27, 2017).
 5. In this chapter, the generic term ``caucus'' will sometimes to be 
        used to describe either party organization.
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    This chapter describes the role of party organization in the 
overall legislative and organizational framework of the House. The 
parliamentary significance of how the major party caucuses are 
organized is quite limited. The Democratic party and the Republican 
party are private institutions that are, by their very nature, separate 
and distinct entities from the public institution that is the United 
States House of Representatives. Thus, the rules and precedents of the 
House do not govern the internal structure and procedures of the House 
subunits of these organizations. To the extent that the standing rules 
of the House address the respective major party caucuses, it is 
primarily as an acknowledgment that such external organizations exist 
and have created their own leadership positions and internal 
hierarchies_factors that can be useful in providing an equitable 
distribution of such things as debate time on the floor, committee 
assignments, funding for staff, and resources of the House generally. 
The party organizations can therefore be seen as the conduits through 
which Members advance their interests, defend their rights and 
privileges as Members, and negotiate compromises with Members 
affiliating with the other party. However, for the most part, the 
formal rules of the House treat Members as individuals and rarely take 
cognizance of Members' party affiliation.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. See Sec. 1.1, infra.
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    However, the existence of majority and minority divisions within a 
legislative body is a fact that cannot be wholly ignored by the 
established rules of procedure. Thomas Jefferson, in his Manual of 
Parliamentary Practice, referenced the experience of the British House 
of Commons to comment on the function of rules of proceeding as a check 
on the actions of the majority: ``[I]t is always in the power of the 
majority, by their numbers, to stop any improper measures proposed on 
the part of their opponents...the only weapons by which the minority 
can defend themselves against similar attempts from those in power are 
the forms and rules of proceeding which have been adopted as they were 
found necessary, from time to time, and are become the law of the 
House, by a strict adherence to which the weaker party can only be 
protected from those irregularities and abuses which these forms were 
intended to check...''(7) On the other side of the ledger, 
former Speaker Thomas B. Reed of Maine, who presided over a period of 
intense partisanship that saw the minority party engage in a variety of 
dilatory and obstructive tactics to delay and defeat legislative 
measures, also provided commentary on this issue. Writing a century 
after Jefferson, Reed remarked, ``[I]f tyranny of the majority is hard, 
the tyranny of the minority is simply unendurable. The rules, then, 
ought to be rearranged as to facilitate the action of the 
majority...''(8) However the majority and minority divisions 
in the House are established, the rules of proceeding must necessarily 
balance the interest of protecting the minority from arbitrary rule 
against that of facilitating the orderly process by which the majority 
may express its will.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 283 (2017).
 8. Thomas B. Reed, Rules of the House of Representatives, Century 
        Magazine, November 1888 at 795.
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The Speaker as Party Leader

    The Speaker of the House assumes a dual role of both institutional 
representative and party leader.(9) The earliest Speakers of 
the House tended to view the position as akin to that of Speaker of the 
British House of Commons, i.e., that of a neutral arbiter, purposefully 
avoiding partisan sentiment. However, as early as the speakership of 
Henry Clay of Kentucky in the 12th Congress (1811), the Speaker has 
taken on, in addition to institutional responsibilities, the role of 
leader of the party or faction nominating such individual for the 
office. The history of the speakership reveals considerable variability 
in the nature of the office, with some periods characterized by 
strongly partisan Speakers forcefully advancing their party's agenda, 
and other periods of less assertive Speakers allowing other individuals 
or entities (the Majority Leader, the party caucus, committees, etc.) 
to direct the legislative business of the House. Speakers often cede 
some amount of agenda-setting authority to the Majority Leader, who is 
more likely to actively direct business on the floor of the House and 
advocate for his or her party's positions.(10) Nevertheless, 
Speakers have (especially in recent years) engaged in debate and voted 
on legislative measures brought before the House.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. The office of Speaker is discussed in full elsewhere in this 
        series. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. For earlier treatments, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 1 and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. Sec. 1-8.
10. For an earlier example of the Speaker making an announcement 
        regarding a party caucus meeting, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        3 Sec. 5.2.
11. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A common path to the speakership runs through the internal party 
organizations. Many Speakers have previously served as Majority Leader 
or Majority Whip prior to their election as Speaker.(12) 
Similarly, it has often been the case that the Minority Leader in one 
Congress will be elected Speaker in the next Congress following a 
switch in party control.(13)
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12. Parliamentarian's Note: The last Majority Leader to be elevated to 
        the position of Speaker was Rep. Thomas Foley of Washington in 
        1989. See Sec. 6.3, infra.
13. Parliamentarian's Note: Speakers Nancy Pelosi of California and 
        John Boehner of Ohio each served as Minority Leader in the 
        Congress preceding the Congress in which they were first 
        elected Speaker.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Despite the Speaker's function as party leader for the majority 
caucus, Members of the House have often paid tribute to Speakers for 
their official role as presiding officer and representative of the 
House as an institution. For many years, as a Congress prepared for 
adjournment sine die, the minority party (often through the Minority 
Leader or Minority Whip) would offer a resolution formally thanking the 
Speaker for the impartial manner in which the Speaker exercised the 
nonpartisan, institutional duties of the office.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.17, 12.3, 21.9, and 
        24.1. This custom has not been followed in recent years.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Role of Chair of Caucus or Conference

    At the beginning of a Congress, the Democratic Caucus and the 
Republican Conference each elect an individual to serve as chair of 
their respective party caucuses. This position is technically the 
highest-ranking officer in the caucus, but the responsibilities of the 
office are primarily internal to the caucus. As a result, Caucus and 
Conference chairs have no institutional role within the House of 
Representatives.(15) To the extent that such individuals 
come to the attention of the House, it is typically to communicate 
information from the relevant caucus to the overall 
membership.(16) Caucus or Conference chairs have 
traditionally offered certain resolutions relating to administrative or 
organizational matters, such as resolutions electing officers of the 
House,(17) resolutions electing Members to 
committees,(18) and resolutions electing a Speaker pro 
tempore.(19) Caucus or Conference chairs have served as 
Speakers pro tempore,(20) and they have administered the 
oath of office to a newly-elected Speaker pro tempore.(21) 
The only reference to caucus chairs in the standing rules of the House 
occurs in rule X(22) and relates to requirements of caucus 
affiliation for purposes of committee assignments. Under these rules, 
the chair of the respective party caucus must inform the Speaker 
whenever a Member ceases to be a member of that caucus.(23)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. For more on functions of the Caucus or Conference chair within the 
        party organization, see Sec. 3, infra.
16. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.5-3.8, 12.1.
17. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.9.
18. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.12.
19. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.4.
20. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.17. For more on the Speaker 
        pro tempore, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. Sec. 9-14 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
21. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.16.
22. Rule X, clause 5(b), House Rules and Manual Sec. 760 (2017) and 
        rule X, clause 10(a), House Rules and Manual Sec. 782 (2017).
23. For more on the role of the party caucus in assigning Members to 
        committees, see Sec. 8, infra.
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Caucus and Conference Rules

    Every Congress, the Democratic Caucus and the Republican Conference 
each adopt internal rules of procedure to govern caucus 
proceedings.(24) These procedural rules are not rules of the 
House but are instead internal rules applicable to the proceedings of 
the respective party caucus only.(25) However, throughout 
their history, both Caucus and Conference rules have tended to rely 
(either explicitly or implicitly) on House rules as a frame of 
reference for appropriate procedures. For many years, the Republican 
conference rules have provided that, ``The Rules of the House of 
Representatives, insofar as they are applicable, shall govern the 
proceedings of the Republican Conference.''(26) Similarly, 
the rules of the Democratic Caucus for the 115th Congress provided that 
``[t]he procedures, motions, and five-minute rule that apply when the 
House of Representatives is operating as the Committee of the Whole, 
with such special rules as may be adopted, shall govern the meetings of 
the Caucus.''(27) Other Caucus and Conference rules mimic 
House rules or procedures to some extent. Both the Democratic Caucus 
and the Republican Conference rules provide that a member of the caucus 
may be expelled by a two-thirds vote,(28) mirroring the 
expulsion provisions of the Constitution applicable to the 
House.(29) Likewise, both Caucus and Conference rules allow 
such rules to be suspended by a two-thirds vote,(30) 
mirroring the House rule on motions to suspend.(31) Just as 
the House is required by the Constitution(32) to keep a 
Journal of its proceedings, each party caucus also keeps a journal or 
transcript of its proceedings.(33)
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24. Parliamentarian's Note: In the past, the internal procedural rules 
        of the Democratic Caucus and Republican Conference were not 
        made publicly available. In recent years, the Republican 
        Conference has published their Conference rules on their 
        website. In the 115th Congress, the House Committee on Rules 
        published a committee print containing selected Democratic 
        Caucus and Republican Conference rules covering a 30-year 
        period. See Rules Committee Print 115-37. For earlier 
        discussions of the history and evolution of Caucus and 
        Conference rules (particularly the significant reforms 
        undertaken by the Democratic Caucus at the beginning of the 
        1970s), see Julian Zelizer, On Capitol Hill: The Struggle to 
        Reform Congress and Its Consequences, 1948-2000 135-151 (2004); 
        Norman Ornstein, Congress in Change: Evolution and Reform 88-
        114 (1975); Robert Peabody, Leadership in Congress: Stability, 
        Succession, and Change 205-233 (1976); David Rohde, Parties and 
        Leaders in the Postreform House 65-69 (1991); Roger Davidson 
        and Walter Oleszek, Congress Against Itself 192-219 (1977); and 
        ``Congressional Reforms Made in 1975,'' in CQ Almanac 1975, 
        31st ed., at 26-40 (Congressional Quarterly 1976). See also 
        George Galloway, The Legislative Process in Congress, 327-29 
        (1953).
25. Parliamentarian's Note: As these internal caucus rules are not part 
        of the House rules, their analysis is better suited for the 
        academic or policy sphere than a compilation of House 
        precedents. A modern reality is that the rules and practices in 
        the Caucus or Conference are often elevated into the rules of 
        the House. The discussion here will be limited to areas where 
        Caucus or Conferences rules have had a direct impact on House 
        operations, or where rules of proceeding at the caucus level 
        have shaped or influenced the rules of the House.
26. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 100th Cong., 
        Rule 9 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 6(a). 
        Republican Conference rules contain additional references to 
        House rules. For example: ``The procedures for reconsideration 
        shall be consistent with the Rules of the House.'' (Rules 
        Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 115th Cong., 
        Rule 6(b)(2)); ``Meetings of the Republican Conference shall be 
        conducted in accordance with the applicable provisions of the 
        Rules of the House of Representatives, including rule XVII, 
        that govern decorum and the personal behavior of Members of the 
        Conference.'' (Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican 
        Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 5(d)); and ``No motion shall be 
        available other than those described in clause 4 of rule XVI 
        (relating to the precedence of motions) or rule XIX (relating 
        to motions after the amendment stage) of the Rules of the House 
        of Representatives.'' (Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican 
        Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 6(b)(1)).
27. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        9(C)(1).
28. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        1(A)(3) (``The Caucus may expel any Member by a two-thirds 
        vote.''); Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 
        115th Cong., Rule 1(b) (``A 2/3 vote of the entire membership 
        shall be necessary to expel a Member of the Conference. 
        Proceedings for expulsion shall follow the rules of the House 
        of Representatives, as nearly as practicable.'')
29. House Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 62, 63, 66 (2017).
30. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        9(C)(2) and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 6(e). The 
        Republican Conference rule requires that the motion to suspend 
        be seconded by a majority, if demanded.
31. Rule XV, clause 1, House Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 885-891 (2017).
32. House Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 68-74 (2017).
33. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        9(E) and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 10. Although 
        Democratic Caucus rules now refer to a ``transcript'' of its 
        proceedings, prior iterations of the rule referred to a 
        ``Caucus Journal.'' See, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, 
        Democratic Caucus, 110th Cong., Rule 9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Many rules of the party caucuses set out specific policies for 
party members to adhere to when exercising their rights and privileges 
on the floor of the House. Thus, Caucus or Conference rules may address 
issues such as: the election of Speaker and other officers of the 
House;(34) motions to suspend House rules;(35) 
special orders of business reported by the Committee on 
Rules;(36) motions to recommit and motions to instruct 
conferees;(37) congressional earmarks;(38) 
conference committees;(39) and conduct of committee 
chairs.(40) As noted elsewhere,(41) the most 
significant interaction between Caucus and Conference rules occurs in 
the area of committee and subcommittee assignments.(42)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        6.
35. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115h Cong., Rule 
        38 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 28.
36. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        35.
37. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        39.
38. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 115th Cong., 
        Standing Order for the 115th Congress.
39. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        41.
40. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 115th Cong., 
        Rule 14(d)(1).
41. See Division C, infra.
42. Parliamentarian's Note: Internal Caucus and Conference rules both 
        provide a complex set of procedures for assigning Members to 
        committees and subcommittees. These rules may provide 
        nominating and balloting procedures, selection of committee and 
        subcommittee chairs, terms limits or other restrictions on 
        membership, special rules for particular committees, and 
        procedures for filling vacancies. However, it is beyond the 
        scope of this work to provide a comprehensive analysis of these 
        committee assignment procedures. The reader is encouraged to 
        consult external sources for more information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Because the House does not take formal cognizance of the internal 
rules of the Democratic Caucus or the Republican Conference, the 
evolution of such rules over time is difficult to trace.(43) 
Nevertheless, it is possible to describe certain general trends that 
have played a role in the recent history of the House. One of the most 
obvious changes that occurred in both Caucus and Conference rules in 
the 1990s was recognition by both parties that either party may 
constitute the majority party in any Congress. Previously, the 
Democratic party's status as the majority party in the House of 
Representatives continuously from 1955-1995 had resulted in an 
assumption in both Caucus and Conference rules that this state of 
affairs would persist indefinitely. Thus, in the 1990s, the Democratic 
Caucus added rules governing situations where the Democratic party was 
the minority party,(44) while the Republican Conference 
revised its rules to govern cases where the Republican party was in the 
majority.(45)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 115th Congress, the House Committee 
        on Rules published a committee print containing sets of Caucus 
        and Conference rules that covered several decades at prescribed 
        intervals. See Rules Committee Print 115-37. The reader may 
        consult this House document to see the evolution of Caucus and 
        Conference rules from the 100th Congress to the 115th Congress. 
        For an earlier publication of Caucus and Conference rules, see 
        8 Cannon's Precedents Sec. Sec. 3609, 3610.
44. Compare, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 
        100th Cong., Rule 2 to Democratic Caucus, 105th Cong., Rule 2.
45. Compare, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Rules, 
        100th Cong., Rule 2 to Republican Conference, 105th Cong., Rule 
        2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to a series of ethics cases in the 1970s and 1980s (in 
particular the ABSCAM scandal), the Democratic Caucus added provisions 
to its rules to address the status of Members who had been indicted or 
convicted of certain crimes, or who had been censured by the 
House.(46) The Republican Conference added similar 
provisions to its rules in the 1990s.(47) These ethics rules 
typically require an affected Member to step aside temporarily from 
certain leadership or committee positions until the matter is resolved, 
or provide for automatic replacement.(48)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 100th Cong., Rules 
        47-48.
47. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 105th Cong., 
        Rules 25-27.
48. For more on party caucus disciplinary issues, see Sec. 3, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Another area where party caucus rules influenced House procedure 
has been the imposition of term limits on committee service. The idea 
of placing term limits on committee chairs and restricting simultaneous 
service on multiple committees originated within the party caucuses as 
a method of distributing committee assignments equitably among members 
of the caucus.(49) These types of restrictions were 
eventually incorporated directly into the standing rules of the House 
in the 104th Congress.(50)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 100th Cong., Rules 
        18 and 24. In the 100th Congress, Rep. Robert Lagomarsino of 
        California led a task force within the Republican Conference to 
        revise methods for assigning members of the Conference to 
        committees, including restrictions and limitations on service. 
        See Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 100th 
        Cong., Rule 14.
50. The current rules relating to term limits and restrictions on 
        committee service are rule X, clause 5(b)(2), House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 760 (2017) and rule X, clause 5(c)(2), House Rules 
        and Manual Sec. 761 (2017). See also Division C, infra. 
        Although the idea for term limits originated in the Republican 
        Conference, the limitations in the standing rules have 
        persisted in both Republican and Democratic majorities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    House procedure with regard to motions to suspend the rules has 
been influenced indirectly by party caucus rules that prescribe certain 
policies to be followed by the Speaker when recognizing Members for 
such motions. Under the standing rules of the House, the Speaker has 
virtually unlimited discretion to recognize Members to offer motions to 
suspend the rules on specified calendar days or at the end of a 
session.(51) However, under Caucus and Conference rules, the 
Speaker is required to abide by certain guidelines when deciding which 
measures should be taken up on suspension days.(52) These 
guidelines and policies have expanded over the years(53) and 
may address notification procedures, committee consideration, 
restrictions on celebratory or commemorative measures, and cost 
estimate requirements or other budgetary restrictions.(54)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. Rule XV, clause 1, House Rules and Manual Sec. 885 (2017).
52. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        38 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 28.
53. Compare, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 
        115th Cong., Rule 38 and Rules Committee Print 115-37, 
        Democratic Caucus, 100th Cong., Rule 38.
54. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        38 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 28.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 1.1 It is not a proper parliamentary inquiry to request the Chair 
    to inform the House as to the party membership of cosponsors to a 
    bill or resolution.

    On December 13, 2011,(55) a Member propounded the 
following parliamentary inquiry:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. 157 Cong. Rec. 19846, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Parliamentary Inquiry

        Mr. [James] McGOVERN [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, before I 
    begin, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(56) The gentleman will 
    state his inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. Robert Dold (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, can you tell us how many Democrats 
    have cosponsored H.R. 3630?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has not stated a 
    parliamentary inquiry but may engage that point in debate.



Sec. 2. Role of Parties at Organization

    Following congressional elections in November,(1) each 
party holds an ``organizational'' caucus to prepare for the upcoming 
session in January. By law,(2) the Majority Leader and the 
Minority Leader are authorized to call a meeting of their respective 
caucuses ``...for the purpose of taking all steps necessary to achieve 
the prompt organization of the Members and Members-elect...'' of each 
party. The law further provides for reimbursement of travel and other 
expenses incurred by Members-elect from the applicable accounts of the 
House.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 7.
 2. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 29a. See also House Rules and Manual Sec. 1126 
        (2017).
 3. Id. See also 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 5343, 5344.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 108th Congress, the law was amended to eliminate the 
requirement that such organizational caucuses take place during the 
month of December.(4) When that requirement was still in 
effect, the House would often (by simple resolution) authorize 
organizational caucuses to meet earlier than otherwise provided by 
law.(5) In some cases, the House has authorized additional 
reimbursements for orientation programs occurring in conjunction with 
the organizational caucuses.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. P.L. 108-447, 118 Stat. 2809.
 5. See Sec. 2.1, infra. See also 144 Cong. Rec. 33320, 33321, 100th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 21, 1988) and 121 Cong. Rec. 35, 94th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 14, 1975).
 6. See Sec. 2.2, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The first evidence of party affiliation in the House on opening day 
of a new Congress comes when the House prepares to elect its 
Speaker.(7) For over a century, nominations of candidates 
for the office of Speaker have been presented to the body by 
representatives of the major party organizations. Traditionally, it is 
the chairs of the respective party caucuses who place the names of 
their respective selections in nomination.(8) However, the 
right to nominate individuals for the office of Speaker inures to all 
Members-elect, and nothing prevents others from placing additional 
names in nomination.(9) At times, third parties have 
nominated their own candidates for Speaker.(10) As is to be 
expected, the majority party's choice will generally be elected 
Speaker.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. For more on the election of Speaker, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        1 Sec. 6 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 4. For more on the 
        office of Speaker generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 
        Sec. Sec. 1-8 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
 8. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, and 6.2.
 9. See, e.g., 161 Cong. Rec. H3 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2015). It is also possible for Members-elect to vote 
        for unnominated candidates for Speaker. See, e.g., 163 Cong. 
        Rec. H4 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017).
10. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.3, 6.3.
11. Parliamentarian's Note: The last time the election of Speaker 
        required multiple ballots was in the 68th Congress in 1923. 
        However, even in that case, the majority Republicans succeeded 
        in uniting behind Rep. Frederick Gillett of Massachusetts, who 
        was duly elected Speaker on the ninth ballot. 6 Cannon's 
        Precedents Sec. 24.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It is most often the case that the minority party's choice for 
Speaker will instead assume the position of Minority Leader when the 
majority party's choice is elected Speaker. By tradition, it is the 
Minority Leader who presents the Speaker-elect to the membership and 
gives introductory remarks to the body prior to the administration of 
the oath of office.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 4 and see also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 21.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to the office of Speaker, the other officers of the 
House are elected based on nominations advanced by each party's 
caucus.(13) The customary method of electing officers is as 
follows: first, the majority party offers a simple resolution to elect 
the officers of the House. This resolution is customarily offered by 
the chair of the majority party caucus.(14) Next, the 
minority party is yielded to for the purposes of offering an amendment 
to the pending resolution (such amendment proposing an alternate slate 
of individuals for each office). By long tradition, the minority party 
will request a division of the question,(15) so that the 
House may first vote separately on the election of Chaplain of the 
House.(16) After such vote, the minority party's amendment 
is defeated, and the resolution (representing the majority party's 
selections) is adopted, traditionally by voice vote.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. For the election of officers of the House generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. 16 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.9, 7.1.
15. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 23.7.
16. Parliamentarian's Note: The two party organizations have typically 
        asserted the nonpartisan nature of the office of Chaplain by 
        agreeing in advance to the selection and voting unanimously for 
        such individual via the procedure described here. For more on 
        the office of Chaplain, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. 21 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The minority party's selections for officers of the House are 
usually named to positions as ``minority employees'' of the 
House.(17) These positions are established in 
law,(18) and on opening day of a new Congress, the minority 
party will offer a resolution naming individuals to these 
positions.(19) The rationale for creating these positions 
derives from a desire to have professional staff available to the 
leadership of the minority party who could retain institutional 
knowledge and provide continuity between one Congress and the next 
should control of the House switch from one party to the other. 
Minority employees are given no special prerogatives under the standing 
rules, apart from being granted floor privileges (along with ``staff of 
the respective party leaderships'') under clause 2(a) of rule 
IV.(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Parliamentarian's Note: The advent of ``minority employee'' 
        positions in the House originated in the 71st Congress in 1929 
        (the Legislative Pay Act of 1929, 46 Stat. 32). Current law 
        incorporates by reference House Resolution 441 of the 91st 
        Congress (1969) (made permanent law by P.L. 91-145, 83 Stat. 
        338), which enumerates the six minority employees positions, 
        and House Resolution 119 of the 95th Congress (made permanent 
        law by P.L. 95-94, 91 Stat. 153), which establishes their rates 
        of pay. Three additional minority employees were authorized by 
        House Resolution 7 of the 104th Congress (1995) (made permanent 
        law by P.L. 104-53, 109 Stat. 514), with their rates of pay to 
        be determined by the Minority Leader. For more on minority 
        employees of the House generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        6 Sec. 26 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
18. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 5143.
19. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.10, 7.1, 17.10, and 
        17.14.
20. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017). Under this rule, minority 
        employees nominated as elected officers of the House are 
        accorded floor privileges, and this privilege extends to former 
        minority employees as well. For more on floor privileges, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        4 Sec. 5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, each party organization on opening day will formally 
announce to the body its selections for party 
leadership.(21) Thus, the chair of the majority party caucus 
will announce the selections for Majority Leader and Majority Whip, 
while the chair of the minority party caucus will announce the 
selections for Minority Leader and Minority Whip.(22) 
Beginning in the 112th Congress in 2011, the Democratic Caucus created 
a new leadership position_that of ``Assistant Democratic Leader''_and 
has similarly informed the House of its selection for that 
office.(23)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. For more on Caucus and Conference leadership positions, see Sec. 5, 
        infra.
22. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H6 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
23. See, e.g., 157 Cong. Rec. 79, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 2011).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Organizational Caucuses

Sec. 2.1 Under an earlier version of the law,(24) the House 
    by unanimous consent considered and adopted a resolution 
    authorizing organizational caucuses to take place earlier than 
    otherwise provided by statute.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Parliamentarian's Note: At the time of this precedent, 
        organizational caucuses, by law, were required to begin on or 
        after December 1. However, the law was amended in the 108th 
        Congress to remove this temporal requirement. 2 U.S.C. 
        Sec. 29a.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 6, 2004,(25) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 150 Cong. Rec. 21212-13, 108th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        RELATING TO EARLY ORGANIZATION OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
                             FOR THE 109TH CONGRESS

        Mr. [Robert] NEY [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution 
    (H. Res. 824) relating to early organization of the House of 
    Representatives for the One Hundred Ninth Congress, and ask 
    unanimous consent for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(26) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Ohio?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. Johnny Isakson (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [John] LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, reserving the 
    right to object, I want to thank the chairman for his timely 
    handling of this matter.

        I also wanted to ensure that the legislative purposes of this 
    resolution are clear.
        One purpose of this resolution is to continue the practice of 
    allowing the House party leaders to call an early organizing caucus 
    of their respective party members, and to do so before the 
    statutorily established date of December 1st. Each party leader can 
    schedule the caucus to begin on any date of his or her choosing 
    after the date of the election. While it is customary to schedule 
    the caucuses to begin at the same time, it is up to each party 
    leader to make that decision for his or her party caucus. If the 
    House has adjourned sine die, then each incumbent Members-elect, 
    and a designated staff person, can be paid for their transportation 
    expenses to attend the caucus. If the House has not adjourned sine 
    die, then there are no travel expenses paid for incumbent Members-
    elect or their staff. New Members-elect, and a designated staff 
    person from the district, can also attend with all attendance 
    expenses paid by the House.
        The resolution also has the purpose of continuing the practice 
    of allowing the House Leadership's orientation program(s), hosted 
    by the Committee on House Administration, to be conducted at any 
    time, or at multiple times, after the date of the election, and 
    allows each Member-elect, and a designated staff person, to be 
    reimbursed for the expenses of attendance. The orientation program 
    has usually been conducted as a part of, and during the same time 
    period as the party caucuses. However if the caucuses are conducted 
    at different times, then the orientation program could be conducted 
    before, during, or after each caucus, with the Member-elect's, and 
    designated staff person's expenses of attendance paid by the House.
        Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Ohio?
        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 824

  Resolved,

SECTION 1. TIMING OF ORGANIZATIONAL CAUCUSES AND CONFERENCES FOR ONE 
HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS.

  Any organizational caucus or conference in the House of Representatives 
for the One Hundred Ninth Congress may begin on or after November 3, 2004.

SEC. 2. APPLICABILITY OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS TO ATTENDANCE OF MEMBERS AT 
ORIENTATION PROGRAMS.

  (a) In General.--With the approval of the majority leader (in the case of 
a Member or Member-elect of the majority) or the minority leader (in the 
case of a Member or Member-elect of the minority), the provisions of law 
described in subsection (b) shall apply with respect to the attendance of a 
Member or Member-elect at a program conducted by the Committee on House 
Administration for the orientation of new members of the One Hundred Ninth 
Congress in the same manner as such provisions apply to the attendance of 
the Member or Member-elect at the organizational caucus or conference.

  (b) Provisions Described.--The provisions of law described in this 
subsection are as follows:

  (1) Subsections (b) and (c) of section 202 of House Resolution 988, 
Ninety-third Congress, agreed to on October 8, 1974, and enacted into 
permanent law by chapter III of title I of the Supplemental Appropriations 
Act, 1975 (2 U.S.C. 29a).

  (2) Section 1 of House Resolution 10, Ninety-fourth Congress, agreed to 
on January 14, 1975, and enacted into permanent law by section 201 of the 
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1976 (2 U.S.C. 43b-2).

SEC. 3. DEFINITION.

  As used in this resolution, the term ``organizational caucus or 
conference'' means a party caucus or conference authorized to be called 
under section 202(a) of House Resolution 988, Ninety-third Congress, agreed 
to on October 8, 1974, and enacted into permanent law by chapter III of 
title I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1975 (2 U.S.C. 29a(a)).

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 2.2 Under an earlier version of the law,(27) the House 
    by unanimous consent considered and adopted a resolution 
    authorizing organizational caucuses to begin earlier than otherwise 
    provided by statute, and further authorizing payment, upon approval 
    of respective party leaders, for the expenses of Members-elect at 
    orientation programs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Parliamentarian's Note: At the time of this precedent, 
        organizational caucuses, by law, were required to begin on or 
        after December 1. However, the law was amended in the 108th 
        Congress to remove this temporal requirement. See 2 U.S.C. 
        Sec. 29a.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 16, 2002,(28) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 148 Cong. Rec. 20812, 107th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        RELATING TO EARLY ORGANIZATION OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
                             FOR THE 108TH CONGRESS

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    resolution (H. Res. 590), and I ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 590

  Resolved, That any organizational caucus or conference in the House of 
Representatives for the One Hundred Eighth Congress may begin on or after 
November 1, 2002.

  Sec. 2. (a) With the approval of the majority leader (in the case of a 
Member or Member-elect of the majority party) or the minority leader (in 
the case of a Member or Member-elect of the minority party), the provisions 
of law described in subsection (b) shall apply with respect to the 
attendance of a Member or Member-elect at a program conducted by the 
Committee on House Administration for the orientation of new members of the 
One Hundred Eighth Congress in the same manner as such provisions apply to 
the attendance of the Member or Member-elect at the organizational caucus 
or conference.

  (b) The provisions of law described in this subsection are as follows:

  (1) Subsections (b) and (c) of section 202 of House Resolution 988, 
Ninety-third Congress, agreed to on October 8, 1974, and enacted into 
permanent law by chapter III of title I of the Supplemental Appropriations 
Act, 1975 (2 U.S.C. 29a).

  (2) Section 1 of House Resolution 10, Ninety-fourth Congress, agreed to 
on January 14, 1975, and enacted into permanent law by section 201 of the 
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1976 (2 U.S.C. 43b-2).

  Sec. 3. As used in this resolution, the term ``organizational caucus or 
conference'' means a party caucus or conference authorized to be called 
under section 202(a) of House Resolution 988, Ninety-third Congress, agreed 
to on October 8, 1974, and enacted into permanent law by chapter III of 
title I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1975 (2 U.S.C. 29a(a)).

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(29) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Gil Gutknecht (MN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



Sec. 3. Other Duties and Functions of the Caucus or Conference

    The primary purpose of party organizations in the House is to 
achieve unity among its members and to provide a forum by which party 
positions may be formed and advanced in the House. The Democratic 
Caucus and the Republican Conference establish their own internal rules 
of procedure by which determinations as to party policy may be 
achieved.(1) Each party organization selects leaders to 
represent the interests of the party and carry out party objectives. 
Each party selects a Caucus or Conference chair, whose primary function 
is to schedule meetings of the party caucus and to preside over such 
meetings. The Caucus or Conference chair may have other 
responsibilities under the internal rules of the respective party 
caucus, such as determining business to be conducted at caucus 
meetings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With respect to the goal of achieving unity within the party, each 
organization may adopt rules or policies to enforce party discipline. 
Such rules and policies have evolved considerably over the years, and 
the extent to which party discipline has been strictly enforced (and 
the methods by which such enforcement is achieved) have varied both 
between the parties and across time. For example, a prior Democratic 
Caucus rule (no longer in force) provided that a policy decision of the 
Caucus decided by a two-thirds majority vote would be binding on all 
members (subject to certain exceptions).(2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 10.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The tools that party leaders may use to enforce party discipline 
may be internal to the organization, but they can also have effects on 
the overall structure of the House. For example, committee and 
subcommittee assignments in the House are mostly a matter of internal 
party decision-making.(3) Technically, committee assignments 
are made on the basis of simple resolutions adopted by the entire 
House. But as a practical matter, these resolutions are considered on a 
partisan basis, with separate resolutions offered by each party to fill 
the slate of possible committee assignments.(4) The content 
of those resolutions is a matter decided by the party caucuses, and 
thus can be used to address internal party dynamics or as disciplinary 
measures. In one instance, a disciplinary resolution that had called 
for the offending Member to be removed from certain committee and 
subcommittee assignments was amended to eliminate this provision_on the 
theory that such action interfered with the prerogatives of the party 
caucuses to manage committee assignments.(5) In the 109th 
Congress, the House did adopt a privileged resolution submitted by 
direction of the Democratic Caucus removing a Member from a standing 
committee.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. For an earlier treatment of committee assignments as a tool of 
        party discipline, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 9.5.
 4. For more on the relationship between party affiliation and 
        committee assignments, see Sec. 8, infra.
 5. See Sec. 3.1, infra. See also Sec. 6.5, infra.
 6. See Sec. 3.3, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    House rules and precedents, Federal statutes, and the 
Constitution,(7) elucidate standards of behavior for Members 
and provide mechanisms by which such standards may be 
enforced.(8) Party organizations in the House also provide a 
separate layer of enforcement of ethics rules and standards of conduct. 
For example, both party caucuses have procedures for disciplining 
Members who have been indicted for (or convicted of) certain crimes, or 
for Members who have been censured by the House.(9) 
Punishments levied by the party caucus may include vacating committee 
or subcommittee assignments, requiring a temporary ``step aside'' from 
the position of full or subcommittee chair, or removing a Member from a 
leadership position. Both the Democratic Caucus and the Republican 
Conference provide that a member of the Caucus or Conference may be 
expelled therefrom by a two-thirds vote.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. The Constitution provides that the House may ``punish its Members 
        for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two 
        thirds, expel a Member.'' U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 5, cl. 2; 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 58 (2017).
 8. For more on the conduct and discipline of Members, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 12 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 12.
 9. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rules 
        4-5 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rules 25-27.
10. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        1 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted below,(11) the primary interaction between 
party caucus rules and the standing rules of the House lies in the area 
of committee assignments. But Caucus and Conference rules may also 
provide specific procedures for how members of the Caucus or Conference 
conduct themselves with regard to legislative business. A party caucus 
may impose notification requirements for taking certain actions on the 
floor or in committee,(12) require that certain guidelines 
be followed prior to taking specified legislative 
actions,(13) prohibit actions otherwise permitted by the 
rules of the House,(14) or make certain legislative actions 
available to party leadership only.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. See Sec. 8, infra.
12. See, e.g., 119 Cong. Rec. 36651, 36652, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. (Nov. 
        12, 1973).
13. See, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th 
        Cong., Rule 38 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 28.
14. See, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 
        115th Cong., Standing Order for the 115th Congress (ban on 
        earmarks).
15. See, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th 
        Cong., Rule 39.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House rule regarding service of process on Members and officers 
of the House(16) does not apply to non-House party officials 
or employees. Thus, when such individuals are served with subpoenas, 
the House is not typically notified of such proceedings.(17) 
Of course, party leaders may be served with subpoenas and the House 
will take cognizance of such actions as it would with regard to any 
Member of the House.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Rule VIII, House Rules and Manual Sec. 697 (2017).
17. For an example where a letter regarding service of process on a 
        party official was laid before the House (but with respect to 
        which the House took no action), see 121 Cong. Rec. 29824, 94th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 23, 1975).
18. For an example of the Minority Leader being served with a subpoena, 
        see 120 Cong. Rec. 21723-24, 93d Cong. 2d Sess. (June 28, 
        1974). For an example of both floor leaders being served with a 
        summons to appear in a U.S. District Court, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.19.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Party leaders occasionally make announcements on the floor of the 
House regarding caucus meetings or other events.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. See Sec. Sec. 3.4, 3.5, infra. For earlier examples of 
        announcements by party leaders regarding caucus events or 
        actions, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.13, 5.1-
        5.5, 11.2, and 19.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, party leaders are typically included in various ceremonial 
delegations, such as escort committees (for a newly-elected 
Speaker,(20) for a foreign dignitary,(21) or for 
the President during joint sessions)(22) or notification 
committees (notifying the President that the House has assembled at the 
beginning of a Congress,(23) or that the House is prepared 
to adjourn sine die at the end of a Congress).(24) 
Frequently, party leaders will participate in tributes to retiring 
Members, officers, or staff.(25) Likewise, party leaders 
will also receive tributes on the floor in recognition of their service 
to the House.(26)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.14, 21.1.
21. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 21.8.
22. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 21.7.
23. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.15, 21.3, 21.4, and 
        24.2.
24. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 12.2, 21.5, and 21.6.
25. See 120 Cong. Rec. 21847-48, 93d Cong., 1st Sess. (July 1, 1974) 
        (floor leaders congratulating new Parliamentarian); 122 Cong. 
        Rec. 16766-68, 94th Cong. 2d Sess. (June 7, 1976) (Majority 
        Leader leading tributes to retiring Speaker); 122 Cong. Rec. 
        22485-87, 94th Cong. 2d Sess. (July 19, 1976) (floor leaders 
        praising former Parliamentarian upon his death); and 139 Cong. 
        Rec. 32441, 103d Cong. 1st Sess. (Nov. 26, 1993) (thanks to 
        staff given by Speaker and floor leaders). See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.18, 3.19, 21.12-21.17, and 24.4.
26. See 120 Cong. Rec. 37390, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. (Nov. 26, 1974) 
        (portrait of former Minority Leader accepted by House); 126 
        Cong. Rec. 34308-10, 96th Cong. 2d Sess. (Dec. 16, 1980) 
        (tributes to retiring Minority Leader); 137 Cong. Rec. 22778-
        80, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 12, 1991) (tributes to retiring 
        Majority Whip); 140 Cong. Rec. 20467-68, 103d Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Aug. 9, 1994) (Minority Leader receiving Medal of Freedom); 
        140 Cong. Rec. 29133, 103d Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 7, 1994) 
        (tributes to retiring Minority Leader); 147 Cong. Rec. 27600, 
        27602-607, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 20, 2001) (tributes to 
        retiring Minority Whip); 148 Cong. Rec. 22339, 107th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Nov. 14, 2002) (tributes to retiring Majority Leader); 
        and 158 Cong. Rec. 8648-49, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. (June 7, 2012) 
        (recognition of Minority Leader's 25th year in the House). For 
        more on ceremonies and tributes in the House, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 36.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Party Discipline and Ethics

Sec. 3.1 During consideration of a privileged resolution reported by 
    the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (now the Committee 
    on Ethics)(27) proposing to censure a Member, an 
    amendment was adopted to remove one clause of the resolution that 
    would have deprived the Member of certain committee assignments, in 
    order to preserve the prerogatives of the party caucuses to 
    recommend the election of party Members to committees (and removal 
    therefrom).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. The Committee on Standards of Official Conduct was redesignated as 
        the Committee on Ethics at the beginning of the 112th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 10, 1980,(28) the following disciplinary 
resolution was considered as a privileged matter:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 126 Cong. Rec. 13801, 13802, 13803, 13811, 13812, 13817, 13818, 
        13819, 13820, 96th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               IN THE MATTER OF REPRESENTATIVE CHARLES H. WILSON

        The SPEAKER.(29) The unfinished business is the 
    further consideration of the resolution (H. Res. 660) in the matter 
    of Representative CHARLES H. WILSON.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk will report the resolution.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:
        Resolved,
        (1) That Representative Charles H. Wilson be censured;
        (2) That Representative Charles H. Wilson be denied the chair 
    on any committee or subcommittee of the House of Representatives 
    for the remainder of the Ninety-sixth Congress;
        (3) That upon adoption of this resolution, Representative 
    Charles H. Wilson forthwith present himself in the well of the 
    House of Representatives for the public reading of this resolution 
    by the Speaker; and
        (4) That the House of Representatives adopt the report of the 
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct dated May 3, 1980, in 
    the matter of Representative Charles H. Wilson. . . .

                         amendment offered by mr. foley

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I offer an 
    amendment.
        The Clerk read as follows:
        Amendment offered by Mr. Foley: Strike out the second clause of 
    Rouse Resolution 660 and renumber the subsequent clause 
    accordingly.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Washington 
    (Mr. Foley) for 1 hour.
        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, in offering this amendment, which, in 
    effect, strikes that portion of the resolution depriving the 
    gentleman from California (Mr. Charles H. Wilson) of his 
    subcommittee chairmanship and denying him any subcommittee or 
    committee chairmanship in the 96th Congress, I wish to make a few 
    things very clear: I am not in any way questioning the authority or 
    the propriety of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct in 
    offering such a resolution; nor am I questioning the power of this 
    House to act to deny any Member a subcommittee or committee 
    chairmanship, or a ranking minority membership for that matter. 
    This is not at issue in the matter before us today. What I am 
    proposing with this amendment is a better policy--and I underline 
    the word ``policy''--for the House to follow, however it disposes 
    of the matter of Mr. Wilson.
        It has been a tradition of the House for nearly three-quarters 
    of a century now to allow the party conference and caucus to make 
    decisions affecting the appointment of their respective members to 
    committees and the assignment of committee offices. It is 
    important, in my judgment, to the proper execution of good 
    legislation that the two-party system be respected in its privilege 
    to make party choices regarding the essential committees on which 
    Members serve. . . .
        I urge you today to adopt this amendment which in no event can 
    possibly change the outcome of this case because the Democratic 
    Caucus on May 29 adopted rules which automatically remove any 
    committee or committee chairman who is censured by a vote of the 
    House or who is convicted of a felony. That is an automatic action 
    subject only to the appeal of the Member involved. Within 15 days 
    it becomes final. From then on, that person can neither exercise 
    the powers of his former committee or subcommittee chairmanship nor 
    assume the chairmanship of a new committee or subcommittee for the 
    remainder of that Congress. Further, in the succeeding Congress, a 
    person so censured or convicted may not assume any subcommittee or 
    committee chairmanship without a special specific vote of the 
    caucus permitting it. . . .
        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I will conclude by saying again that 
    this is in no way intended as a reflection or criticism of the 
    recommendation that has been brought forth by the Committee on 
    Standards of Official Conduct. It is merely meant to suggest that 
    since the rules already in place in the Democratic Caucus would 
    take away any subcommittee or committee chairmanship from any 
    Member censured or convicted by the House, this particular title is 
    unnecessary. In taking this action of leaving the title in the 
    resolution, we tend to do violence to a very old tradition of the 
    House which protects, first of all, the process of the House by 
    which its two parties function effectively; second, and most 
    important, the prerogatives of the minority, which is particularly 
    vulnerable to invasion by majority judgment; and finally, the 
    powers of the majority as well. It is a process that has served the 
    House well throughout the time in which it has been in effect, and 
    this tradition has been strong for almost three-quarters of a 
    century.
        I offer this amendment with the greatest respect for the 
    Committee on Standards of Official Conduct. It is not for the 
    Democratic Party or the Republican Party nor is it for or against 
    Mr. Wilson. Instead it is on behalf of a process by which all 
    Members of the House irrespective of party benefit that I ask that 
    this section be stricken from the resolution.
        Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the amendment.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the amendment offered by the 
    gentleman from Washington (Mr. Foley).
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Frank] SENSENBRENNER [of Wisconsin]. Mr. Speaker, I object 
    to the vote on the ground that a quorum is not present and' make 
    the point of order that a quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    261, nays 148, answered ``present'' 2, not voting 22, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 306] . . .

Sec. 3.2 The Speaker announced that, pursuant to Democratic Caucus 
    rules, the Speaker had been informed that certain full committee 
    and subcommittee chairs (the subjects of an ethics inquiry and 
    criminal probe) would be temporarily stepping aside from those 
    positions.

    On June 18, 1980,(30) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 126 Cong. Rec. 15384, 96th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER.(31) The Chair wishes to announce that 
    he is in receipt of letters from the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. 
    Thompson) and the gentleman from New York (Mr. Murphy) in which 
    they transmit notice of their intention, pursuant to provision M. 
    XIII of the Democratic Caucus, to temporarily step aside from their 
    positions as standing committee, joint committee, select committee, 
    or subcommittee chairmen. This intention includes, in the case of 
    the gentleman from New Jersey, to temporarily step aside from the 
    positions of chairman of the Committee on House Administration, 
    chairman of the Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations and the 
    Task Force on Welfare and Pension Plans of the Committee on 
    Education and Labor, and the chairman of the Joint Committee on 
    Printing. In the case of the gentleman from New York, this includes 
    the positions of chairman of the Committee on Merchant Marine and 
    Fisheries, chairman of the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of the 
    Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, and chairman of the 
    Select Committee on the Outer Continental Shelf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 3.3 The House adopted a privileged resolution submitted by 
    direction of Democratic Caucus removing a Member from a standing 
    committee.

    On June 16, 2006,(32) the House adopted a resolution 
removing a Member, who was under investigation for corruption, from the 
Committee on Ways and Means:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 152 Cong. Rec. 11618, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                REMOVING MEMBER FROM COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS

        Mr. [James] CLYBURN [of South Carolina]. Mr. Speaker, by 
    direction of the Democratic Caucus, I offer a privileged resolution 
    (H. Res. 872) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 872

  Resolved, That Mr. Jefferson is hereby removed from the Committee on Ways 
and Means.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(33) Is there objection to 
    the resolution?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Paul Gillmor (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Announcements

Sec. 3.4 The chair of the Democratic Caucus announced to the House that 
    the results of certain Caucus elections would be available in the 
    Democratic cloakroom.(34)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. Parliamentarian's Note: The Democratic Caucus had held its meeting 
        in the House Chamber prior to the convening of the House. 
        However, it was still in the process of counting ballots for 
        certain caucus elections when it was necessary to vacate the 
        Chamber so that the House could come into session.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 24, 1991,(35) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 137 Cong. Rec. 2171, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          ANNOUNCEMENT RELATIVE TO COMMITTEE ELECTIONS IN DEMOCRATIC 
                                     CAUCUS

        (Mr. HOYER asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Madam Speaker, today the 
    Democratic caucus had an election pursuant to the rules of the 
    Democratic caucus for chairman of subcommittees on the Committee on 
    Appropriations and of the Committee on Ways and Means. Those 
    results will be available in the Cloakroom and in the office of the 
    Democratic caucus.

Sec. 3.5 The chair of the Democratic Caucus announced to the House that 
    the Democratic Caucus would be holding a meeting of the Caucus in 
    the House Chamber during a recess of the House.

    On September 30, 1990,(36) the following announcement 
was made by the chair of the Democratic Caucus:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 136 Cong. Rec. 26690, 26691, 101st Cong. 2d Sess. See also 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 4 Sec. 1.11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 ANNOUNCEMENT OF CONVENING OF DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I would like to 
    announce to the Democrats that we will have a caucus approximately 
    15 minutes or shortly after we recess this evening. We will have to 
    stay in and wait upon the Senate, so that will not delay us in any 
    event.                          -------------------

                              LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM

        (Mr. HOYER asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to remind the Democratic 
    Members of the House of Representatives that we will have a caucus 
    in approximately 5 minutes, at a quarter of 6, in this Chamber.
        Mr. Speaker, I want to say to the minority leader, I very much 
    appreciate his consideration. This is an unusual step, in light of 
    the fact the House will be in recess.
        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. HOYER. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, might I inquire of the distinguished 
    chairman of the Democratic caucus, that if we go into recess 
    awaiting the action of the other body, and assuming there are no 
    glitches, but if there were, would it be in order for us to give 
    Members, say, 1 hour's notice that their presence would be 
    required?
        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, reclaiming my time so I may respond to 
    the distinguished minority leader, we will give no less than one-
    half hour's notice . . .



Sec. 4. Party Committees and Other Informal Groups

    This section describes internal committees of the party 
organizations, as well as other informal groups that may associate with 
the caucuses. As has been noted earlier, the two major party caucuses 
are private organizations whose internal structure and rules of 
proceeding are not established by House rules. Thus, the analysis here 
will necessarily be limited and primarily focused on areas where 
internal caucus organization has a direct effect on House 
proceedings.(1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. For a broader treatment of the history of the House and the 
        relationship to party organization, see Robert Remini, The 
        House (2006).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Committee on Committees

    For over a century, committee assignments in the House have been 
closely connected to the two major party organizations. Prior to 
changes in House rules at the beginning of the 20th century, the 
Speaker was solely responsible for assigning Members to committees. 
This authority gave the Speaker considerable influence over the 
membership, as he could deny sought-after committee assignments to 
recalcitrant Members or ``reward'' others who supported the Speaker's 
positions by placing them on prominent committees. Perceived abuse of 
this authority played a role in the ``revolt'' against Speaker Joseph 
Cannon of Illinois in 1910, which resulted in, inter alia, the removal 
of this power of the Speaker from the standing rules.(2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. See De Alva Stanwood Alexander, History and Procedure of the House 
        of Representatives 41 (1916).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Since Speaker Cannon's time, all committee assignments in the House 
have been determined by adoption of a simple resolution listing the 
Members to be assigned and the committees to which they have been 
assigned.(3) While such resolutions are adopted by a vote of 
the entire House, they are developed on a partisan basis by the two 
major party organizations. Thus, each resolution typically makes 
committee assignments for members of one party only, such assignments 
having been determined beforehand within the applicable caucus 
(pursuant to whatever internal caucus rules may apply).(4) 
Frequently, it is the Caucus or Conference chair who offers a committee 
election resolution on the floor,(5) which is then formally 
ratified by action of the entire House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. For an unusual instance of a bipartisan committee election 
        resolution, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 11.1.
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 3.12.
 5. For more on committee assignments, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 17 
        Sec. Sec. 8-12; Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 17; and Sec. 8, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Each major party organization has created internal committees to 
assign its members to the standing committees of the House. In the 
early 20th century, each party organization had a ``Committee on 
Committees'' that would determine committee assignments for that 
party's members.(6) Currently, committee assignments for the 
Republican Conference are developed by the Republican Steering 
Committee, while committee assignments for the Democratic Caucus are 
developed by the Democratic Steering and Policy Committee. The 
nominations for committee assignments put forward by these internal 
committees are then ratified by a vote of the entire Conference or 
Caucus, pursuant to internal caucus rules. Such rules may provide for 
special procedures with regard to nominating individuals for specific 
committees (such as the Committee on Rules).(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. For many years, Democratic members of the Committee on Ways and 
        Means served as the Democratic Committee on Committees. See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 11.
 7. See, e.g., Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 
        115th Cong., Rule 12.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Policy Committees

    In addition to internal committees that make recommendations 
regarding committee assignments in the House, each party caucus also 
has a committee to determine the policy agenda for the Caucus or 
Conference. In the Democratic Caucus, the Democratic Steering and 
Policy Committee assumes both functions_recommending Members for 
committee assignments and establishing the policy agenda and 
legislative priorities of the Caucus. In the Republican Conference, a 
Committee on Policy advises the Conference as to legislative proposals 
and suggestions for policy implementation.(8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: While the deliberations of such internal 
        committees obviously have an effect on legislative business 
        considered by the House, an analysis of their rules and 
        procedures is better suited for the policy or academic sphere 
        than the House precedents. See Sec. 1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the past, these types of steering or policy committees of the 
Caucus or Conference have been provided with funding for salaries and 
other administrative expenses from appropriations made for the House 
itself.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. See Sec. 4.1, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. Sec. 13.1, 13.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Official Objectors

    Throughout its history, the House has experimented with a variety 
of methods for expediting the consideration of certain types of 
legislation. One method used to achieve this goal was to establish a 
``calendar'' system by which different types of measures could be 
placed on separate lists or calendars. Special procedures for each 
calendar would then be used to bring those measures to the floor for 
expedited consideration at designated times.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. For more on House Calendars, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 22 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 22.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To help manage business on these calendars, the House has used 
informal groups (established by the two party organizations) to screen 
measures to be considered on certain calendars. These ``official 
objectors'' (usually three to five individuals from each party) would 
review legislation prior to the call of the particular calendar, and 
object to the consideration of any bills or resolutions that did not 
meet certain predetermined requirements. A system of official objectors 
was used for the (now defunct) Consent Calendar(11) and is 
still in use for the Private Calendar.(12) Party officials 
(or the Chair on behalf of such officials) typically announce to the 
House the selection of official objectors,(13) and a 
statement regarding the criteria used in the screening process is 
sometimes submitted to the Congressional Record.(14)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Parliamentarian's Note: This special calendar for noncontroversial 
        legislation was established in the 61st Congress in 1909 and 
        abolished in the 104th Congress in 1995. See Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 22 Sec. Sec. 3-9.
12. For more on the Private Calendar, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 22 
        Sec. Sec. 10-14 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 22. For private 
        bills generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 24 Sec. 3 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 24.
13. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 15.1, 15.2, 19.4, and 
        20.1. Announcements are also made when there is a change in the 
        individuals selected as official objectors. See 120 Cong. Rec. 
        11402, 93d Cong. 2d Sess. (Apr. 23, 1974). See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 20.2.
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 15.3-15.5, 19.4, and 
        20.1. See also 157 Cong. Rec. 4930, 4945, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Mar. 31, 2011).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Other Committees and Informal Groups

    The two major party organizations have evolved considerably over 
the years and the internal structure of each has undergone many 
changes. In addition to the committees designed to facilitate the 
formation of policy agendas and assigning Members to committees 
(described above), each party organization has established additional 
groups, both formal and informal, to support its 
membership.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. For a description of older committees or groups no longer in 
        existence, such as ``patronage'' committees, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 8, 12, 14, and 16.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    One of the major functions of the Democratic Caucus and the 
Republican Conference is to assist Members of each party with 
fundraising and campaign financing. Thus, the Caucus and the Conference 
have each established internal committees to coordinate such election 
and campaign-related activities: the Democratic Congressional Campaign 
Committee and the National Republican Congressional Committee. These 
committees work with party members to raise and distribute funds for 
election campaigns and coordinate communication 
strategies.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. For an example of joint remarks by the chairs of each 
        organization's campaign committees on the subject of negative 
        campaign advertising, see 144 Cong. Rec. 20755, 105th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Sept. 17, 1998).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Democratic Caucus has, for many years, established a Committee 
on Caucus Procedures. This committee, appointed by the chair of the 
Democratic Caucus, reviews Caucus rules and makes recommendations for 
possible amendment.(17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        10.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Apart from these formal committees, each party organization may 
associate with informal groups composed of a subset of the 
organization's membership. Such informal groups may be formed to 
advocate for a particular political ideology, a specific region of the 
country, a demographic group, or a particular topic or issue.

Sec. 4.1 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution providing equal amounts to the Republican Steering 
    Committee and the Democratic Policy Committee, as determined by the 
    Committee on Appropriations, from amounts previously appropriated 
    for other purposes.

    On January 4, 1995,(18) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. 141 Cong. Rec. 547-48, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING AMOUNTS FOR THE REPUBLICAN STEERING COMMITTEE AND THE 
                          DEMOCRATIC POLICY COMMITTEE

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    resolution (H. Res. 9) providing amounts for the Republican 
    Steering Committee and the Democratic Party Committee, and ask 
    unanimous consent for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 9

  Resolved, That, effective at the beginning of the 104th Congress, there 
shall be available, in equal amounts to the Republican Steering Committee 
and the Democratic Policy Committee, such sums as may be necessary, to be 
provided, as determined by the Committee on Appropriations, from amounts 
previously appropriated for other purposes under the appropriation for 
salaries and expenses of the House of Representatives, fiscal year 1995.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(19) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from New York?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. Rick Lazio (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



                    B. Floor Leaders and Party Whips



Sec. 5. In General

    The floor leaders in the House are known as the Majority Leader 
(chosen by the majority party) and the Minority Leader (chosen by the 
minority party). Unlike the Speaker of the House, floor leaders are not 
officers of the House and thus are not elected by the full House. 
Instead, they are leaders within their respective party organizations 
and are elected solely by those organizations. The election of each 
party's floor leader is typically conveyed to the House by an 
announcement by the chair of the party caucus or 
conference.(1) The individual party organizations are 
responsible for electing new leaders in the case of a vacancy in the 
position. Third parties have sometimes elected their own floor leaders, 
but this has not occurred in many decades.(2) In the 112th 
Congress in 2011, the Democratic Caucus created a new position of 
``Assistant Democratic Leader.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H6 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: The last time a third party elected a floor 
        leader in the House appears to have taken place in the 75th 
        Congress (1937). See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to the floor leaders, each party also maintains a whip 
organization that is headed by the Majority Whip (for the majority 
party) and the Minority Whip (for the minority party). Like the floor 
leaders, the party whips are internal officials within each party 
organization, and thus are elected by the parties, not the full 
House.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. For more on the party whips, see Sec. 7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The term ``House leadership'' is sometimes used to describe the 
collection of individuals on the majority side serving as Speaker, 
Majority Leader, and Majority Whip. The term ``party leadership'' or 
``leadership office'' may refer to the floor leaders or whips (of 
either party), or the Speaker. Under the standing rules of the House, 
the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group is composed of the Speaker and 
``the majority and minority leaderships.''(4) Staff of the 
``respective party leaderships'' are granted access to the floor of the 
House,(5) while staff from ``leadership offices'' are barred 
from making certain lobbying contacts under clause 7 of rule 
XXV.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. Rule II, clause 8(b), House Rules and Manual Sec. 670a (2017).
 5. Rule IV, clause 2(a)(7), House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
 6. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1102a (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Certain appointments in the House are made jointly by individuals 
in leadership offices. For example, the Inspector General of the House 
is appointed jointly by the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the 
Minority Leader pursuant to clause 6(b) of rule II.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 667 (2017). The former Director of 
        Nonlegislative and Financial Services (a position since 
        abolished) was similarly appointed jointly by the Speaker, 
        Majority Leader, and Minority Leader. See Sec. 5.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    House leaders, including the Speaker, Majority Leader, and Minority 
Leader, are provided with increased salaries as compared to other 
Members of the House,(8) and may also be provided with 
additional funding for the administrative expenses associated with 
managing their offices.(9) On various occasions, the House 
has considered resolutions authorizing additional funding for these 
positions to be taken from the applicable accounts of the 
House.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 4501.
 9. See, e.g., 2 U.S.C. Sec. 5121 (expense allowance for the Speaker of 
        the House).
10. See Sec. Sec. 5.3-5.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Joint Appointments by Leadership

Sec. 5.1 Pursuant to the provisions of House Resolution 423, 102d 
    Congress, the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and the Minority Leader 
    jointly appointed the House's first Director of Nonlegislative and 
    Financial Services.(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Parliamentarian's Note: The Director of Nonlegislative and 
        Financial Services was a short-lived position in the House, in 
        existence during the 102d and 103d Congresses. Many of this 
        officer's functions were transferred to the new Chief 
        Administrative Officer position, created in the 104th Congress. 
        See H. Res. 5, 141 Cong. Rec. 463, 464, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 4, 1995). See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 9, 1992,(12) the following appointment was 
announced to the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. 138 Cong. Rec. 34802, 102d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to the provisions of House Resolution 423, 102d 
    Congress, and the order of the House of Monday, October 5, 1992, 
    permitting appointments authorized by law or by the House, the 
    Speaker, majority leader, and minority leader on Friday, October 
    23, 1992, did jointly appoint Lt. Gen. Leonard P. Wishart (ret.) to 
    the position of Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services 
    for the U.S. House of Representatives.

Sec. 5.2 Pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule VI (now clause 6(b) of rule 
    II),(13) the Speaker, Majority Leader, and Minority 
    Leader jointly appointed John W. Lainhart, IV, as the first 
    Inspector General of the House of Representatives.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. House Rules and Manual Sec. 667 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 10, 1993,(14) the following appointment was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 139 Cong. Rec. 28591, 103d Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF JOHN W. LAINHART IV AS INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR THE 
                            HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(15) Pursuant to the 
    provisions of section 2(b) of rule 6, the Speaker, majority leader, 
    and minority leader jointly appoint Mr. John W. Lainhart IV to the 
    position of inspector general for the U.S. House of Representatives 
    effective November 14, 1993.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Louise Slaughter (NY)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Funding for Leadership Staff and Expenses

Sec. 5.3 The House adopted a privileged resolution, reported from the 
    Committee on House Administration, providing for payment from the 
    contingent fund of additional employee and equipment allowances for 
    offices within the majority and minority leadership.

    On April 12, 1973,(16) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. 119 Cong. Rec. 12185-86, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Wayne] HAYS [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on House Administration, I call up House Resolution 342, 
    a privileged resolution, and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 342

  Resolved, That, until otherwise provided by law, effective April 1, 1973, 
there shall be paid out of the contingent fund of the House for office 
personnel and for rental or lease of necessary equipment for the conduct of 
the business of the office of each of the following officials of the House 
of Representatives the following per annum amounts:

  (1) The Speaker, $40,000.

  (2) The majority leader, $30,000.

  (3) The minority leader, $30,000.

  (4) The majority whip, $30,000.

  (5) The minority whip, $30,000.

  (6) The chief deputy majority whip, $40,000.

  (7) The chief deputy minority whip, $40,000. Such amounts shall be in 
addition to all other amounts to which such officials may be entitled. . . 
 

        Mr. HAYS. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the 
    resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 5.4 The House passed, under suspension of the rules, a Senate bill 
    relating to civil service annuity benefits for widows of employees, 
    with an amendment increasing the base for computation of the 
    annuities of the Speaker and other Members in leadership positions.

    On March 19, 1974,(17) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 120 Cong. Rec. 7206, 7207, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Thaddeus] DULSKI [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and pass the Senate bill (S. 2174) to amend the 
    civil service retirement system with respect to the definitions of 
    widow and widower, as amended.
        The Clerk read the Senate bill, as follows:

S. 2174

  Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled, That (a) clauses (1) (A) and (2) 
(A) of section 8341(a) of title 5, United States Code, are amended by 
striking out ``2 years'' wherever it appears and inserting in lieu thereof 
``1 year''.

  (b) The amendments made by subsection (a) of this section shall not apply 
in the cases of employees, Members, or annuitants who died before the date 
of enactment of this Act. The rights of such individuals and their 
survivors shall continue in the same manner and to the same extent as if 
such amendments had not been enacted.

  Sec. 2. (a) Section 8339(f) (2) of title 5, United States Code, Is 
amended--

  (1) by deleting ``greater'' and inserting ``greatest'' in place thereof;

  (2) by deleting the word ``or'' immediately after the semicolon at the 
end of clause (A):

  (3) by redesignating clause (B) as clause (C); and

  (4) by inserting immediately below clause (A) the following new clause 
(B):

  ``(B) the average pay of the Member; or''.

  (b) The amendments made by subsection (a) of this section shall apply to 
annuities paid for months beginning after the date of enactment of this 
Act.

        The SPEAKER.(18) Is a second demanded?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Harold] GROSS [of Iowa]. Mr. Speaker, I demand a second.
        The SPEAKER. Without objection, a second will be considered as 
    ordered.
        There was no objection. . . .

                      EXPLANATION OF AMENDMENT TO S. 2174

        The amendment to the bill is intended to correct a deficiency 
    in the provisions of the retirement law (5 U.S.C. 8339(f)(2)), 
    relating to a maximum civil service annuity. The deficiency arises 
    because of the method of computing the annuity.
        Under existing law, an annuity may not exceed 80 percent of the 
    ``average pay'' in the case of an employee, and 80 percent of the 
    ``final basic pay'' in the case of most Members.
        The ``final basic pay'' of most Members currently is $42,500, 
    and in the case of Members serving in the leadership positions, is 
    $62,500 for the Speaker, and $49,500 for the President pro tempore 
    of the Senate and the majority and minority leaders of the House of 
    Representatives and of the Senate.
        However, when a Member who has served in one of the leadership 
    positions subsequently serves as a Member, but not in a leadership 
    position, his final basic pay currently is $42,500. Consequently, 
    such a Member loses all rights to have the higher rate of pay he 
    received as a Member in a leadership position considered in 
    determining his maximum annuity.
        The amendment to the bill will permit the pay received while in 
    a leadership position to be used in determining the maximum annuity 
    to which a Member is entitled when he serves as a Member subsequent 
    to service in a leadership position.

Sec. 5.5 The House agreed to a resolution reported from the Committee 
    on House Administration providing for additional staff assistance 
    for House leadership and providing payment therefor from the 
    contingent fund.

    On May 6, 1975,(19) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 121 Cong. Rec. 13078-79, 94th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         TO PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL STAFF ASSISTANCE FOR THE LEADERSHIP

        Mr. [Wayne] HAYS of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on House Administration, I call up House Resolution 413 
    and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 413

  Resolved, That (a) subject to the provisions of subsection (b), effective 
March 1, 1975, there shall be two additional employees in the office of the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and one additional employee in the 
office of the minority floor leader.

  (b) The annual rate of compensation for the individuals employed under 
subsection (a) shall not exceed the annual rate of basic pay of level IV of 
the Executive Schedule of section 5316 of title 5, United States Code, and 
until otherwise provided by law such compensation shall be paid from the 
contingent fund of the House.

  Sec. 2. That (a) subject to the provisions of subsection (b), effective 
March 1, 1975, there shall be one additional employee in the office of the 
majority floor leader, the minority floor leader, the Democratic caucus, 
and the Republican conference of the House of Representatives.

  (b) The annual rate of compensation for any individual employed under 
subsection (a) shall not exceed the annual rate of basic pay of level V of 
the Executive Schedule of section 5316 of title 5, United States Code, and 
until otherwise provided by law such compensation shall be paid from the 
contingent fund of the House.

  Sec. 3. Effective March 1, 1975, there shall be paid out of the 
contingent fund of the House of Representatives a lump sum amount for 
salaries and expenses for the offices of each of the following officials or 
organizations of the House of Representatives the following per annum 
amounts: the office of the Speaker, $30,000; the majority whip, $50,000; 
and the minority whip, $50,000; and for clerical assistance in the offices 
of the Democratic caucus, $30,000; and the Republican conference, $30,000; 
and the amounts provided herein, together with amounts otherwise 
authorized, shall be the authorized amounts until otherwise provided by 
law.

  Sec. 4. Effective March 1, 1975, the two statutory clerk positions 
authorized by Public Law 89-545, dated August 27, 1966, in the office of 
the minority floor leader are hereby abolished, and the lump sum amount for 
salaries and expenses for the office of the minority floor leader shall be 
increased by $45,494.89 to equal that of the majority floor leader; and 
such increased amount shall be paid from the contingent fund of the House 
of Representatives until otherwise provided by law.

  Sec. 5. The provision of this resolution shall continue in effect until 
otherwise provided by law.

        Mr. HAYS of Ohio (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the resolution be considered as read and 
    printed in the RECORD.
        The SPEAKER.(20) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Ohio?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I believe that I should explain 
    briefly what the resolution pertains to, as I am sure the gentleman 
    from Maryland (Mr. BAUMAN) was about to ask that question.
        Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 413 provides for equal funding of 
    an equal number of statutory positions in the office of the 
    majority leader, the minority leader, and the whips' office.
        I might say further that this resolution also provides that the 
    Speaker shall be brought up to the standard number of statutory 
    positions, so as not to be inferior to that of the office of the 
    majority leader and minority leader, as it has been In the past.
        The resolution also gives very limited support to the chairman 
    of the Democratic Caucus and the chairman of the Republican 
    Conference in clerical help.
        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, would the 
    gentleman from Ohio yield for a question?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Yes, I would be glad to yield to the 
    gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. BAUMAN. These positions will be paid at the level of 
    $36,000 a year In each instance, the top pay?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. That would be the maximum pay. Not all of the 
    positions would be at that statutory level, I might say to the 
    gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. BAUMAN. How many persons at that level does each of these 
    offices have, for instance, the Democratic Caucus?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. The Democratic Caucus and the Republican 
    Conference have none.
        Mr. BAUMAN. They have none paid at that level?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. That is right. This would give them one level 
    V position each and a $30,000 allowance for all of the expenses, 
    including stenographic, paper, ink, whatever.
        Mr. BAUMAN. What would that bring the total staff number to in 
    the Democratic Caucus?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. That would really depend. They would have one 
    person. My judgment is they would have one person plus one clerical 
    person, certainly not more than two. One cannot get more than two 
    at $30,000 and have any money left over for paper clips, 
    stationery, and so on. It would give them a total of $66,000 and 
    one level V position, which would use up $30,000.
        Mr. BAUMAN. The same would be granted to the Republican 
    Conference?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Yes, sir.
        Mr. BAUMAN. Considering the total of these four different 
    offices involved, did the committee in any way come up with a cost 
    figure of additional space or clerical help that might be 
    necessary?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. I can just tell the gentleman what we did in 
    the way of bodies, and if he wants me to, I will run over it: Two 
    additional positions at level IV for the Speaker's office, and 
    level IV carries a salary of $38,000; in the majority leader's 
    office, one additional level V position. That carries a salary of 
    $36,000; in the minority leader's office, one position at level IV 
    actually, and one position at level V, and a lump-sum allowance of 
    $45,495, which would seem that we gave the minority leader more 
    than we did the majority leader, but we abolished two positions at 
    a lower level In the majority leader's office, so that his office 
    and the minority leader's office are equal.
        To the majority whip and the minority whip we gave a lump-sum 
    allowance of $50,000, each to be used to hire whatever people they 
    need at whatever salary they determine.
        Mr. BAUMAN. The total cost of the resolution would be what?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. The total cost of the resolution is $468,680.
        Mr. BAUMAN. About a half million dollars altogether?
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Yes.
        Mr. BAUMAN. I thank the gentleman for his explanation.
        Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on 
    the resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 5.6 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution transferring two statutory employees from the Majority 
    Whip to the Majority Leader.

    On January 4, 1995,(21) the following resolution was 
considered and agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 141 Cong. Rec. 548, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                PROVIDING FOR TRANSFER OF TWO EMPLOYEE POSITIONS

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    resolution (H. Res. 10) providing for the transfer of two employee 
    positions, and ask unanimous consent for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 10

  Resolved, That, effective at the beginning of the 104th Congress, two 
statutory employee positions under the chief majority whip are transferred 
to the majority leader.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(22) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Rick Lazio (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 5.7 By unanimous consent, the House considered and then agreed to 
    a resolution offered by the Majority Leader transferring various 
    statutorily created personnel positions among both party's caucuses 
    and their respective leaderships.

    On March 10, 1995,(23) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 141 Cong. Rec. 7562, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            PROVIDING FOR THE TRANSFER OF CERTAIN EMPLOYEE POSITIONS

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk 
    a resolution (H. Res. 113) providing for the transfer of certain 
    employee positions and ask unanimous consent for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 113

  Resolved, That (a)(1) the two statutory positions specified in paragraph 
(2) are transferred from the House Republican Conference to the majority 
leader.

  (2) The positions referred to in paragraph (1) are--

  (A) the position established by section 102(a)(2) of the Legislative 
Branch Appropriations Act, 1988, as contained in section 101(i) of Public 
Law 100-202; and

  (B) the position established by section 102(a)(2) of the Legislative 
Branch Appropriations Act, 1990.

  (b)(1) The two statutory positions specified in paragraph (2) are 
transferred from the majority leader to the House Republican Conference.

  (2) The positions referred to in paragraph (1) are--

  (A) the position established for the chief deputy majority whip by 
subsection (a) of the first section of House Resolution 393. Ninety-fifth 
Congress, agreed to March 31, 1977, as enacted into permanent law by 
section 115 of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1978 (2 U.S.C. 
74a-3); and

  (B) the position established for the chief deputy majority whip by 
section 102(a)(4) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1990;

  both of which positions were transferred to the majority leader by House 
Resolution 10, One Hundred Fourth Congress, agreed to January 5 
(legislative day, January 4), 1995.

  Sec. 2. (a)(1) The two statutory positions specified in paragraph (2) are 
transferred from the Democratic Steering and Policy Committee to the 
minority leader.

  (2) The positions referred to in paragraph (1) are--

  (A) one of the two positions established by section 103(a)(1) of the 
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1986; and

  (B) the position established by section 102(a)(1) of the Legislative 
Branch Appropriations Act, 1988, as contained in section 101(i) of Public 
Law 100-202.

  (b)(1) The two statutory positions specified in paragraph (2) are 
transferred from the minority leader to the Democratic Steering and Policy 
Committee.

  (2) The positions referred to in paragraph (1) are--

  (A) the position establish by section 102(a)(3) of the Legislative Branch 
Appropriations Act, 1990; and

  (B) the position established by paragraph 2. (a) of House Resolution 690, 
Eighty-ninth Congress, agreed to January 26, 1966, as enacted into 
permanent law by section 103 of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 
1967.

  Sec. 3. (a) Upon the enactment of this section into permanent law, the 
amendment made by subsection (b) shall take effect.

  (b) Subsection (a) of the first section of House Resolution 393, Ninety-
fifth Congress, agreed to March 31, 1977, as enacted into permanent law by 
section 115 of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1978 (2 U.S.C. 
74a-3) is amended by striking out ``Chief majority whip'' and inserting in 
lieu thereof ``chief deputy majority whip''.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(24) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Henry Bonilla (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



Sec. 6. The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader

    The party floor leaders in the House of Representatives are the 
Majority Leader and the Minority Leader. These officials are not 
officers of the House but are chosen by each of the two major party 
organizations.(1) Thus, unlike the Speaker, they are not 
elected by the full House but are instead elected by the Democratic 
Caucus and the Republican Conference, and their selection merely 
announced to the House.(2) When a vacancy occurs in either 
of these positions, the relevant party will make an announcement to the 
House informing the body of that party's choice to fill the 
vacancy.(3) If the Majority Leader is absent, the party 
caucus may choose an ``acting'' Majority Leader to temporarily exercise 
the authorities of that position.(4) Third parties have 
selected floor leaders in the past, but this has not been done in many 
decades.(5) In one instance, a Minority Leader of the House 
(Rep. Gerald Ford of Michigan) was nominated (and confirmed) to the 
office of Vice President.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: Despite not being an officer of the House, 
        the Minority Leader has customarily joined with the Speaker of 
        the House to assert the House's institutional prerogatives 
        regarding the President's use of ``pocket veto'' authority. 
        See, e.g., 156 Cong. Rec. 9473-74, 111th Cong. 2d Sess. (May 
        26, 2010). For more on vetoes generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 24 Sec. Sec. 17-23 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        24.
 2. See Sec. 6.1, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. Sec. 3.5, 6.4, and 17.1.
 3. See Sec. Sec. 6.2, 6.3, and 6.5, infra. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.6, 6.5, and 17.2.
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.4.
 5. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.3.
 6. See Sec. 6.6, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The position of Majority Leader was not formally recognized until 
the 56th Congress (1899), although at various points in the 19th 
century, the majority party would delegate certain floor 
responsibilities to a designated Member (often the chair of the 
Committee on Ways and Means).(7) As party leader, the 
Majority Leader is generally tasked with guiding legislation favored by 
the party to the floor of the House for a vote. The Majority Leader 
thus exercises various responsibilities regarding the House's agenda 
and schedule, including supervising the composition of the list of 
bills to be considered by suspension(8) and negotiating 
unanimous-consent agreements with the minority party.(9) The 
two party leaders (or designees thereof) customarily engage in a 
colloquy at the end of the week to discuss the House schedule for the 
upcoming week.(10) The Majority Leader may also make ad hoc 
announcements to the membership regarding the House's 
schedule,(11) or insert into the Congressional Record a 
calendar of days that the House is expected to be in 
session.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. Parliamentarian's Note: James Madison is often described as the 
        first floor leader of the House, recognizing his efforts during 
        the First Congress (1789) to manage consideration of 
        legislation creating the first executive departments and the 
        first ten amendments to the Constitution (known as the Bill of 
        Rights).
 8. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 18.2, 18.5.
 9. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 18.3, 18.4, and 18.7.
10. See Sec. 6.17, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. 18.6.
            Parliamentarian's Note: The traditional weekly schedule 
        colloquy between party leaders appears to have its origins in 
        the 1920s or 1930s. See, e.g., 80 Cong. Rec. 7010, 74th Cong. 
        2d Sess. (May 8, 1936). By 1940, it was observed that, ``it is 
        the custom for the Majority Leader to make such announcements'' 
        regarding the upcoming schedule, indicating that the practice 
        had been observed with some regularity in the preceding years. 
        86 Cong. Rec. 2203, 76th Cong. 3d Sess. (Mar. 1, 1940). By the 
        mid-1940s, the custom of recognizing the Minority Leader to 
        make inquiries of the Majority Leader regarding the House's 
        schedule had developed (see, e.g., 88 Cong. Rec. 4964, 77th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (June 5, 1942)), though the colloquy did not 
        take place on a weekly basis until at least the 1950s.
11. See Sec. 6.16, infra.
12. See Sec. 6.16, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader often take 
responsibility for offering certain resolutions on the floor, such as 
the resolution adopting the standing rules of the House,(13) 
or other organizational resolutions.(14) Traditionally, 
party leaders do not serve on committees.(15) Although 
somewhat rare in modern practice, the Majority Leader may be appointed 
as Speaker pro tempore.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H7 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.7.
14. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.11.
15. See Sec. 8, infra.
16. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The floor leaders often assume various ceremonial roles, such as 
participation on escort or notification committees.(17) Upon 
election of a new Speaker, it is traditionally the Minority Leader who 
introduces the Speaker-elect to the body and presents such individual 
with the Chair's gavel.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. See Sec. 3, supra.
18. See Sec. 2, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Despite their status as party officials rather than House officers, 
the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader are accorded certain 
prerogatives under the rules and precedents of the 
House.(19) Under the standing rules, the party leaders have 
the prerogative to offer a resolution raising a question of the 
privileges of the House without the two-day notice requirement 
applicable to all other Members.(20) Pursuant to clause 2(d) 
of rule XXI,(21) the Majority Leader (or designee) is 
authorized to offer a motion to rise from the Committee of the Whole 
and report the bill_a motion that has precedence over motions to amend 
the bill. Under clause 6(c) of rule XIII,(22) the Committee 
on Rules may not report certain special orders of business resolutions 
that preclude the Minority Leader (or designee) from offering a motion 
to recommit. Under the precedents, the Minority Leader is given 
priority in recognition with respect to motions to recommit under 
clause 2(a) of rule XIX.(23) Before the elimination of all 
restrictions on standing committees meeting during consideration of a 
measure under the five-minute rule in the Committee of the Whole, a 
former rule permitted the Majority Leader to offer a privileged motion 
to waive this restriction.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. For more on debate time divided on the basis of party affiliation 
        (including debate time specifically allocated to the party 
        floor leaders), see Sec. Sec. 11, 12, infra.
20. Rule IX, clause 2(a)(1), House Rules and Manual Sec. 699 (2017). 
        The party leaders also have priority in recognition for debate 
        on questions of privilege under clause 2(a)(2) of rule IX.
21. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1040 (2017).
22. House Rules and Manual Sec. 857 (2017).
23. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1001 (2017). See also Sec. 6.15, infra. 
        See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 23 Sec. 27 and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. Sec. 23.45-23.53.
24. Former rule XI, clause 2(i)(1), House Rules and Manual Sec. 710 
        (1995).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to these privileges afforded by the standing rules, ad 
hoc orders of the House may likewise provide specific authorities that 
may only be exercised by the party leaders. For example, a resolution 
of the House may provide that debate time, motions, or other 
legislative actions normally available to any Member be restricted to 
party leaders(25) or the Majority Leader 
only.(26) In recent years, a separate order of the House has 
reserved the first ten bill numbers to the Speaker and the second ten 
bill numbers to the Minority Leader.(27)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. See Sec. Sec. 6.9, 6.12, infra.
26. See Sec. 6.14, infra.
27. See, e.g., Sec. 6.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House also observes a long-standing custom whereby the Speaker 
and the floor leaders are permitted extended debate time on the floor 
of the House. Typically, such individuals will be yielded a nominal 
amount of time (usually one minute) but then be permitted to speak 
without limit.(28) In one instance, the Speaker and the 
Majority Leader were granted special permission to extend their remarks 
in the Congressional Record until the last edition thereof for the 
Congress.(29)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. See Sec. Sec. 6.18-6.21, infra.
29. See Sec. 6.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Many rules of the House contain a consultation requirement that 
must be met before certain authorities are exercised. For example, the 
Speaker is given various emergency convening and recess authorities in 
clause 12 of rule I.(30) However, such authorities may only 
be exercised after consultation with the Minority 
Leader.(31) Similarly, the Speaker must consult with both 
floor leaders on the content of a catastrophic quorum failure report if 
such report is issued by the Sergeant-at-Arms (pursuant to clause 
5(c)(3)(B)(ii) of rule XX).(32) Similar consultation 
requirements are also found in the rule regarding the Committee on 
Oversight and Government Reform's responsibility to report oversight 
plans to the House,(33) and in the rule regarding the 
establishment of a drug-testing program for the House.(34) 
Under section 406 of the Congressional Budget Act,(35) the 
Speaker is required to consult with the Minority Leader before 
appointing a ``Member User Group'' to review budgetary scorekeeping 
practices. In addition to these formal consultation requirements, the 
Speaker may also choose to consult with the floor leaders on any other 
issue pertinent to House operations.(36)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017). See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 11.
31. For an earlier example of a recall of the House authorized by the 
        Speaker and the floor leaders (and their counterparts in the 
        Senate), see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 18.8.
32. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1024a (2017).
33. Rule X, clause 2(d)(5), House Rules and Manual Sec. 743 (2017).
34. Rule I, clause 9, House Rules and Manual Sec. 635 (2017).
35. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 656.
36. See, e.g., Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.16 (consultation 
        with regard to floor privileges).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Speaker has, for many years, inserted into the Congressional 
Record a list of policy statements that inform the body how the Speaker 
intends to exercise certain authorities (such as recognition of Members 
or the enforcement of decorum rules).(37) With regard to 
unanimous-consent agreements, the Speaker's policy statement typically 
indicates that the Speaker will not entertain unanimous-consent 
requests for the consideration of certain legislative measures unless 
such requests have been cleared with majority and minority 
leaderships.(38) This policy has been interpreted to require 
consultation with the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader, but not 
others in the leadership hierarchy (such as the whips).(39)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H34-H36 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. Sec. 18.1, 19.6, and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
38. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H35 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017). See also Sec. Sec. 6.22, 6.23, infra.
39. See Sec. 6.22, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    While the Speaker is authorized to make all appointments to joint, 
select, and conference committees (pursuant to clause 11 of rule 
I),(40) the Speaker may solicit recommendations from the 
Minority Leader regarding the appointment of minority party Members to 
such committees.(41) The Majority Leader has, on occasion, 
been appointed as a conferee for consideration of all matters committed 
to conference (rather than specific provisions).(42)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. House Rules and Manual Sec. 637 (2017).
41. For an example of the Speaker appointing a slate of minority party 
        conferees upon recommendation of the Minority Leader, see 157 
        Cong. Rec. 112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Dec. 23, 2011). See also 
        Sec. 6.11, infra.
42. See Sec. 6.10, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Certain boards, commissions, and independent committees may, 
pursuant to statute, contemplate a role for the floor leaders of the 
House_either as appointing authorities, or as members of such entities 
themselves.(43)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. There have been at least 20 boards, commissions, or committees that 
        provide (or have provided) an appointment role for the Speaker, 
        Majority Leader, and/or Minority Leader. See also 121 Cong. 
        Rec. 1680, 94th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 29, 1975) (Majority 
        Leader and Minority Leader submitting respective 
        recommendations for appointment to Federal Election Commission) 
        and 155 Cong. Rec. 6308, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Apr. 15, 2011) 
        (appointment to Commission on Civil Rights). See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 17.15, 17.17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, House rulemaking contained in statute(44) may 
provide for special authorities or responsibilities for the party floor 
leaders, such as authorizing or requiring the introduction of certain 
legislation,(45) authorizing the offering of certain 
motions,(46) allocating debate time,(47) or 
conferring other authorities.(48)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 5.
45. See, e.g., 19 U.S.C. Sec. 2191(c)(1).
46. See, e.g., 2 U.S.C. Sec. 359.
47. See, e.g., 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1395kkk(d)(4)(E).
48. See, e.g., 42 U.S.C. Sec. 2159(d).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Selection of Floor Leaders

Sec. 6.1 The party selections of the Majority and Minority Leaders and 
    Whips (and one other minority position) were announced to the House 
    by the chairs of the respective party caucuses.

    On January 5, 2011,(49) the following announcements were 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. 157 Cong. Rec. 79, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                MAJORITY LEADER

        Mr. [Jeb] HENSARLING [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of 
    the Republican Conference, I have been directed to report to the 
    House that the Republican Members have selected as majority leader 
    the gentleman from Virginia, the Honorable Eric 
    Cantor.                          -------------------

                                MINORITY LEADER

        Mr. [John] LARSON of Connecticut. Congratulations to you, Mr. 
    Speaker, and congratulations to my colleague and chair of the 
    Republican Conference.
        Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Democratic Caucus, I am 
    directed by that conference to notify the House of Representatives 
    officially that the Democratic Members have selected as minority 
    leader the gentlewoman from California, the Honorable Nancy 
    D'Alesandro Pelosi.                          -------------------

                                 MAJORITY WHIP

        Mr. HENSARLING. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Republican 
    Conference, I am directed by that conference to notify the House 
    officially that the Republican Members have selected as their 
    majority whip the gentleman from California, the Honorable Kevin 
    McCarthy.                          -------------------

                 MINORITY WHIP AND ASSISTANT DEMOCRATIC LEADER

        Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, as chair of the 
    Democratic Caucus, I am directed by that conference to notify the 
    House of Representatives officially that the Democratic Members 
    have selected as minority whip the gentleman from Maryland, the 
    Honorable Steny Hoyer; and as assistant Democratic leader, the 
    gentleman from South Carolina, the Honorable James Clyburn.

Sec. 6.2 With the former Minority Leader having become Vice President, 
    the selection of a new Minority Leader was announced by the chair 
    of the Republican Conference.

    On December 7, 1973,(50) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. 119 Cong. Rec. 40265, 93d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 ELECTION OF JOHN J. RHODES AS MINORITY LEADER

        (Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois asked and was given permission to 
    address the House for 1 minute, and to revise and extend his 
    remarks.)
        Mr. [John] ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to 
    inform the House that at a meeting this morning of the House 
    Republican caucus the distinguished gentleman from Arizona (Mr. 
    Rhodes), was unanimously elected to fill the vacancy in the post of 
    House minority leader caused by the resignation of our former 
    colleague, the now Vice President of the United States, Mr. Gerald 
    R. Ford.
        I am sure all Members will join me in extending our best wishes 
    to the gentleman from Arizona in his new capacity. It has been my 
    privilege to know him for the past 13 years and to work with him as 
    a member of the House Republican leadership. During all of that 
    time he has been unfailingly gracious and cooperative. I look 
    forward to our continued friendship and a beneficial relationship.

Sec. 6.3 The Majority Leader having been elected Speaker of the House 
    and the Majority Whip having resigned from the House, the 
    selections of the new Majority Leader and Majority Whip by the 
    Democratic Caucus were announced to the House by the vice chair of 
    that caucus.

    On June 14, 1989,(51) the following announcements were 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. 135 Cong. Rec. 11747-48, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT OF SELECTION OF MAJORITY LEADER

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, as vice chairman 
    of the Democratic caucus, I have been directed to report to the 
    House that the Democratic Members have selected as majority leader 
    the gentleman from Missouri, the Honorable Dick 
    Gephardt.                          -------------------

                   ANNOUNCEMENT OF SELECTION OF MAJORITY WHIP

        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, as vice chairman of the Democratic 
    caucus, I have been directed to report to the House that the 
    Democratic Members have selected as majority whip the gentleman 
    from Pennsylvania, the Honorable Bill Gray.

Sec. 6.4 The Majority Whip took the floor for a one-minute speech to 
    bid farewell to the House on the day on which his resignation from 
    the House (at the close of business) became effective.

    On June 15, 1989,(52) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. 135 Cong. Rec. 11952, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              COELHO SAYS FAREWELL TO THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

        (Mr. COELHO asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Tony] COELHO [of California]. Mr. Speaker, to my friends 
    and colleagues, let me say that today a wonderful chapter in the 
    lives of the Coelho family is closing.
        And tomorrow, a new adventure for Phyllis, Kristen, Nicole, and 
    myself will begin.
        The joy we find in leaving is the opportunity our new lives 
    promise for being together.
        The sadness is in departing this House of Representatives; a 
    place I truly love.
        The generosity of my constituents, and the good will of my 
    colleagues, have enabled me to serve for 25 years: as a staffer, as 
    a Member, as campaign chair, and as majority whip.
        Over that time, we made some changes and we made a difference. 
    But now the winds of change blow anew.
        Yesterday, two magnificent young leaders took their places as 
    helmsmen for the Democratic Party.
        Soon, the good people of the central San Joaquin Valley will 
    choose a new Member to represent their interests in Washington.
        Like a strong and steady stream, this House is constantly 
    refreshed by new ideas and new leadership.
        And that is what's so great about our system.
        On behalf of all the Coelhos, I thank my colleagues for their 
    friendship, hard work, and dedication to this great country.
        God bless you. And may God bless our wonderful country. 
    [Applause.]

Sec. 6.5 The selection of a new Majority Leader is announced to the 
    House by the chair of the relevant party organization.

    On September 28, 2005,(53) the following announcement 
was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. 151 Cong. Rec. 21581, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. The former Majority 
        Leader had been indicted in state court; Republican Conference 
        rules required him to step aside upon indictment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                MAJORITY LEADER

        Ms. [Deborah] PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the 
    Republican Conference, I am directed by that conference to notify 
    the House officially that the Republican Members have selected as 
    majority leader the gentleman from Missouri, the Honorable Roy 
    Blunt.

    A similar announcement was made on February 8, 2006:(54)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. 152 Cong. Rec. 1083, 109th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                MAJORITY LEADER

        Ms. [Deborah] PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the 
    Republican Conference, I am directed by that conference to notify 
    the House officially that the Republican Members have selected as 
    Majority Leader the gentleman from Ohio, the Honorable John A. 
    Boehner.                          -------------------

                     MAJORITY LEADER OF THE PEOPLE'S HOUSE

        (Mr. BOEHNER asked and was given permission to address the 
    House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Let me thank my colleagues for 
    their support and for this big job, and it is a big job.
        I think all of the Members who I have worked with over the 
    years know how I operate. I am a Republican. I believe in 
    Republican principles. But this is the people's House. It is to 
    represent all of the people. And while I want my party to win every 
    day, I want us to win fairly and honestly. And so I will say to all 
    of you, I am going to do my best for the people's House. You may 
    not agree with every decision we make every day, but I think all of 
    you know in the marrow of my bones I believe in fairness.
        As I have said before, when you have 11 brothers and sisters 
    and your dad owned a bar, you have learned a lot of lessons along 
    the way.

    On July 31, 2014,(55) after the former Majority Leader 
made a farewell speech on the floor,(56) the chair of the 
Republican Conference announced his successor as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. 160 Cong. Rec. H7177 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
56. See 160 Cong. Rec. H7150-51 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess. The 
        former Majority Leader lost his party primary for reelection to 
        his seat and thus decided to step down from his leadership post 
        and resign from the House. See 160 Cong. Rec. H7247, H7248 
        [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess. (Sept. 8, 2014).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                MAJORITY LEADER

        Mrs. [Cathy] McMORRIS RODGERS [of Washington]. Madam Speaker, 
    as chair of the Republican Conference, I am directed by that 
    Conference to notify the House officially that the Republican 
    Members have selected as majority leader the gentleman from 
    California, the Honorable Kevin McCarthy, effective August 1, 2014.

Duties and Prerogatives of Floor Leaders

Sec. 6.6 A Minority Leader of the House was nominated to the position 
    of Vice President of the United States following the resignation of 
    the sitting Vice President, and the Speaker laid such nomination 
    before the House.

    On October 13, 1973,(57) the following message from the 
President was laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. 119 Cong. Rec. 34032, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 10 Sec. 4; Deschler's Precedents Ch. 13 
        Sec. 22.1; and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 
        Sec. 26.                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

        A message in writing from the President of the United States 
    was communicated to the House by Mr. Geisler, one of his 
    secretaries.                          -------------------

        NOMINATION OF VICE PRESIDENT_MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE 
                       UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. 93-165)

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following message from 
    the President of the United States; which was read and referred to 
    the Committee on the Judiciary and ordered to be printed:

                     To the Congress of the United States:

        Pursuant to the provisions of Section 2 of the Twenty-fifth 
    Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, I hereby 
    nominate Gerald R. Ford, of Michigan, to be the Vice President of 
    the United States.
                                                    Richard Nixon.

        The White House, October 13, 1973.

Sec. 6.7 By unanimous consent, the Speaker and the Majority Leader were 
    granted permission to extend their remarks in the Congressional 
    Record until the last edition thereof, and to include a summary of 
    the work of the first session of the Congress.

    On December 19, 1975,(58) the following unanimous-
consent request was transacted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. 121 Cong. Rec. 41975, 94th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PERMISSION FOR SPEAKER AND MAJORITY LEADER TO EXTEND THEIR 
                                    REMARKS

        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the majority leader and the Speaker of the 
    House may have the privilege of extending their remarks up to and 
    including the publication of the last Record and to include a 
    summary of the work of the Congress.
        The SPEAKER.(59) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Massachusetts?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.

Sec. 6.8 A designee of the Majority Leader of the House having offered 
    a motion to adjourn pursuant to a concurrent resolution providing 
    for sine die adjournment of the first session of the 98th Congress 
    upon motion of the Majority Leader or his designee, the House 
    adjourned sine die.

    On November 16, 1983,(60) the following concurrent 
resolution was adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
60. 129 Cong. Rec. 33123, 98th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE ON THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 
         1983, FRIDAY NOVEMBER 18, 1983, OR SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1983

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I send to the 
    desk a privileged concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 221) and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 221

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
when the House adjourns on Thursday, November 17, 1983, on Friday, November 
18, 1983, or on Saturday, November 19, 1983, pursuant to a motion made by 
the majority leader, or his designee, in accordance with this resolution, 
and that when the Senate adjourns on Thursday, November 17, 1983, on 
Friday, November 18, 1983, or on Saturday, November 19, 1983, pursuant to a 
motion made by the majority leader in accordance with this resolution, they 
stand adjourned sine die, or until 12 o'clock meridian on the second day 
after Members are notified to reassemble pursuant to section 2 of this 
concurrent resolution.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker of the House, after consultation with the minority 
leader of the House, and the majority leader of the Senate, after 
consultation with the minority leader of the Senate, acting jointly, shall 
notify the Members of the House and Senate, respectively, to reassemble 
whenever, in their opinion, the public interest shall warrant it.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    On November 18, 1983,(61) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. 129 Cong. Rec. 34216, 98th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE

        Mr. [Harry] REID [of Nevada]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House 
    Concurrent Resolution 221, I move that the House do now adjourn 
    sine die.
        The motion was agreed to.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(62) In accordance with the 
    provisions of House Concurrent Resolution 221, the Chair declares 
    the 1st session of the 98th Congress adjourned sine die.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. Robert Edgar (PA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Thereupon (at 7 o'clock and 34 minutes p.m.) pursuant to House 
    Concurrent Resolution 221, the House adjourned.

Sec. 6.9 The House agreed to a resolution providing various end-of-
    session authorities, including authority for the party floor 
    leaders (but not other Members) to offer from the floor (or 
    announce an intention to offer) resolutions raising questions of 
    the privileges of the House for a remainder of the session.

    On November 6, 1997,(63) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. 143 Cong. Rec. 24776-77, 24784, 24785, 24786, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF HOUSE RESOLUTION 305, WAIVING 
             REQUIREMENT OF CLAUSE 4(b) OF RULE XI WITH RESPECT TO 
        CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN RESOLUTIONS REPORTED FROM COMMITTEE ON 
                                     RULES

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 305 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 305

  Resolved, That the requirement of clause 4(b) of rule XI for a two-thirds 
vote to consider a report from the Committee on Rules on the same day it is 
presented to the House is waived with respect to any resolution reported 
from that committee before November 10, 1997, providing for consideration 
or disposition of any of the following:

  (1) A bill or joint resolution making general appropriations for the 
fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, any amendment thereto, any 
conference report thereon, or any amendment reported in disagreement from a 
conference thereon.

  (2) A bill or joint resolution that includes provisions making continuing 
appropriations for fiscal year 1998, any amendment thereto, any conference 
report thereon, or any amendment reported in disagreement from a conference 
thereon.

  Sec. 2. It shall be in order at any time before November 10, 1997, for 
the Speaker, to entertain motions to suspend the rules, provided that the 
object of any such motion is announced from the floor at least one hour 
before the motion is offered. In scheduling the consideration of 
legislation under this authority, the Speaker or his designee shall consult 
with the minority leader or his designee.

  Sec. 3. During the remainder of the first session of the One Hundred 
Fifth Congress--

  (1) notwithstanding clause 2(a)(1) of rule IX, a resolution noticed as a 
question of the privileges of the House during the period from November 4, 
1997, through the adoption of this resolution shall have precedence of all 
other questions except motions to adjourn only at a time designated by the 
Speaker; and

  (2) the Speaker may not recognize a Member other than the majority leader 
or the minority leader to offer from the floor, or to announce an intention 
to offer, a resolution as a question of the privileges of the 
House.                          -------------------

                               MOTION TO ADJOURN

        Mr. [Silvestre] REYES [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I move that the 
    House do now adjourn.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Paul] Gillmor [of Ohio]). The 
    question is on the motion to adjourn offered by the gentleman from 
    Texas [Mr. Reyes].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the noes appeared to have it.

                                 Recorded Vote

        Mr. REYES. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    100, noes 309, not voting 24, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 586] . . .

        So the motion to adjourn was rejected.
        The result of the vote was announced as above 
    recorded.                          -------------------

         WAIVING REQUIREMENT OF CLAUSE 4(b) OF RULE XI WITH RESPECT TO 
        CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN RESOLUTIONS REPORTED FROM COMMITTEE ON 
                                     RULES

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Thomas] Ewing [of Illinois]). The 
    gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon] is recognized for 1 hour. . . 
    .
        Mr. SOLOMON. . . .
        The final section of the rule provides that during the 
    remainder of the 1st session of the 105th Congress, the Speaker may 
    not recognize a Member, other than the majority leader or the 
    minority leader, to offer from the floor or to announce an 
    intention to offer a resolution as a question of the privileges of 
    the House.
        This section of the rule further provides that the Speaker may 
    postpone the consideration of any noticed resolution as a question 
    of the privileges of the House prior to the adoption of this 
    resolution during the remainder of the first session of the 105th 
    Congress.
        Mr. Speaker, the procedures for calling up a rule on the same 
    day that it is reported from the Committee on Rules are familiar to 
    the House. It is customary for the appropriation measures at the 
    end of the session. Also, providing for motions to suspend the 
    rules on days other than Mondays or Tuesdays is very useful so that 
    bipartisan, noncontroversial legislation can move rapidly at the 
    end of the session.
        We have a particular problem in the borders with Canada where 
    there are problems with people coming back and forth. There is some 
    bipartisan legislation that we hope to move under this kind of a 
    procedure. Adequate provision for notice to the minority are 
    provided, as has been the case in the past.
        Mr. Speaker, in the furtherance of our target adjournment date, 
    this rule also addresses the dilatory tactics and abuse of the 
    House rules we have seen in recent weeks on the floor. As the House 
    is well aware, certain Members have utilized the procedure under 
    House rule IX, questions of the privilege of the House, to force 
    debate and votes on the contested election in the 46th 
    Congressional District in California. Under that rule, Members may 
    give notice of their intention to raise a question of privilege of 
    the House and the Speaker then sets an appropriate time within 2 
    legislative days for the consideration of the question of the 
    privilege. Certain minority Members' repeated and dilatory use of 
    these questions of privilege to filibuster the legislative process 
    I believe creates a privilege in itself, and that is why we are 
    here today with this rule.
        The disposal of these near identical notices under rule IX 
    consumes precious hours as well as requiring an astounding number 
    of votes. The use of the rule relating to the questions of the 
    privilege of the House in a frivolous and political manner is 
    unbecoming, I think, to this institution, and that certainly is 
    verified by the literally hundreds of phone calls that I have 
    received because people know that I am chairman of the Committee on 
    Rules, calls from all over the country, wanting to know why we are 
    wasting our time with these repeated repetitious requests for 
    questions of privilege.
        Mr. Speaker, for several weeks the majority and the minority 
    leadership have attempted to reach an accommodation regarding these 
    dilatory questions of privilege. On October 23, the distinguished 
    minority leader, who I have great respect for, rose to a question 
    of privilege on this issue. Instead of simply tabling the matter 
    with no debate, the House considered the resolution, debated it for 
    an hour and defeated it, under regular order of this House. The 
    majority leadership allowed it to be debated out of deference to 
    the minority leader and voted on it. The House worked its will and 
    defeated that resolution.
        In exchange for allowing this issue to be debated and voted on, 
    the minority provided the following: October 29, one question of 
    privilege tabled. October 30, eight questions of privilege tabled. 
    October 31, 21 questions of privilege noticed. November 4, 7 
    questions of privilege noticed, and yesterday, November 5, another 
    13 questions of privilege were noticed, delaying us bringing up 
    very important matters dealing with the United States-China 
    relationship by about an hour and a half, another hour and a half 
    that we were delayed from working the will of this House. . . .
        Mr. Speaker, the committee's intention was to empower the very 
    serious legislators on both sides of the aisle and to marginalize 
    the partisan obstructions. This has not happened, and that is why I 
    was forced today to rise with this unfortunate rule today.
        I do not like to bring this rule before the House. I said so 
    last night during the debate exchange in the Committee on Rules. 
    But, Mr. Speaker, many Members on both sides of the aisle with a 
    very strong interest in getting legislation considered by the House 
    before we adjourn have approached me and asked for the Committee on 
    Rules to intervene and to restore order on this floor, so we can 
    expedite these very, very serious measures that we have to deal 
    with before this Sunday. . . .
        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I rise today 
    to strongly oppose this tyrannical rule. For the first time in the 
    218-year history of the House of Representatives, we will be voting 
    to deprive all but two Members of this body the right to assert 
    their constitutional prerogatives as Representatives elected by 
    their constituents. House rule IX gives each and every Member of 
    this House the right to raise before the whole body questions of 
    privilege affecting the rights of the House collectively, its 
    safety, dignity, and the integrity of its proceedings.
        The House adopted rule IX in 1880, defining what had been long 
    established in the practice of the House before then. Thomas 
    Jefferson begins his Manual on Parliamentary Procedure, which has 
    governed the House procedures since 1837, with section 1, titled 
    ``The Importance of Adhering to Rules.'' It quotes a former Speaker 
    of the House of Commons' views on the neglect of, or departure 
    from, the rules of proceeding.
        I quote:

            That these forms, as instituted by our ancestors, operated 
        as a check and control on the actions of the majority, and that 
        they were, in many instances, a shelter and protection to the 
        minority against the attempts of power.

        Jefferson then continues:

        As it is always in the power of the majority, by their numbers, 
    to stop any improper measures proposed by their opponents, the only 
    weapons by which the minority can defend themselves against similar 
    attempts from those in power are the forms and rules of proceeding 
    which they have adopted as they have found necessary, from time to 
    time, and are become the law of the House, by a strict adherence to 
    which the weaker party can only be protected from those 
    irregularities and abuses, which these forms were intended to 
    check, which the wantonness of power is but too often apt to 
    suggest to large and successful majorities.

        Mr. Jefferson, the author of the Declaration of Independence, 
    surely would have opposed the wantonness of power displayed by the 
    majority in offering this rule. Rule IX is the heart of Members' 
    individual rights within our rules. It guarantees that each Member 
    has the right to move to guarantee the integrity of House 
    proceedings. That right is so central to our idea of representative 
    government and liberty itself that in all of the 104 Congresses 
    before today, the House has never voted to suspend this paramount 
    right. . . .
        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I move the 
    previous question on the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(64) The question is on 
    ordering the previous question.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. Paul Gillmor (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I object to the vote on the ground 
    that a quorum is not present and make the point of order that a 
    quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        Pursuant to clause 5 of rule XV the Chair will reduce to a 
    minimum of 5 minutes the period of time within which a vote by 
    electronic device, if ordered, will be taken on the question of 
    agreeing to the resolution.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    224, nays 198, not voting 11, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 587] . . .

        So the motion to lay on the table the motion to reconsider was 
    agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. [Jo Ann] Emerson [of Missouri]). 
    The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.

                                 Recorded Vote

        Mr. SLAUGHTER. Madam Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. This will be a 5-minute vote.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    219, noes 195, not voting 19, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 589] . . .

             Motion to Reconsider the Vote Offered by Mr. Frank of 
                                 Massachusetts

        Mr. [Barney] FRANK of Massachusetts. Madam Speaker, I move to 
    reconsider the vote just taken.

                     Motion to Table Offered by Mr. Solomon

        Mr. SOLOMON. Madam Speaker, I move to lay on the table the 
    motion to reconsider offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts 
    [Mr. Frank].
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. Emerson). The question is on the 
    motion offered by the gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon] to lay 
    on the table the motion offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts 
    [Mr. Frank] to reconsider the vote.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.

                                 Recorded Vote

        Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Madam Speaker, I demand a recorded 
    vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    218, noes 201, not voting 14, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 590] . . .

        So the motion to table the motion to reconsider was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.

Sec. 6.10 In exercising the Speaker's authority to appoint Members to 
    conference committees, the Speaker may appoint the Majority Leader 
    for all matters committed to conference rather than (as is usually 
    the case) for specific provisions only.

    On June 3, 2004,(65) the following appointments were 
made by the Speaker (including the appointment of the Majority Leader, 
Rep. Tom DeLay of Texas, to all matters committed to conference):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 150 Cong. Rec. 11415-16, 108th Cong. 2d 
        Sess.                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES ON H.R. 3550, TRANSPORTATION EQUITY 
                            ACT: A LEGACY FOR USERS

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(66) Without objection, the 
    Chair appoints the following conferees:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66. Doug Ose (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        From the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, for 
    consideration of the House bill (except title IX) and the Senate 
    amendment (except title V), and modifications committed to 
    conference: Messrs. Young of Alaska, Petri, Boehlert, Coble, 
    Duncan, Mica, Hoekstra, Ehlers, Bacchus, LaTourette, Gary G. Miller 
    of California, Rehberg, Beauprez, Oberstar, Rahall, Lipinski, 
    DeFazio, Costello, Ms. Norton, Mr. Nadler, Mr. Menendez, Ms. 
    Corrine Brown of Florida, Mr. Filner, and Ms. Eddie Bernice Johnson 
    of Texas.
        From the Committee on the Budget, for consideration of sections 
    8001-8003 of the House bill, and title VI of the Senate amendment, 
    and modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Nussle, Shays, 
    and Spratt.
        From the Committee on Education and the Workforce, for 
    consideration of sections 1602 and 3030 of the House bill, and 
    sections 1306, 3013, 3032, and 4632 of the Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Mr. Ballenger, Mrs. Biggert, 
    and Mr. George Miller of California.
        From the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for consideration of 
    provisions of the House bill and Senate amendment relating to Clean 
    Air Act provisions of transportation planning contained in section 
    6001 of the House bill, and sections 3005 and 3006 of the Senate 
    amendment; and sections 1202, 1824, 1828, and 5203 of the House 
    bill, and sections 1501, 1511, 1522, 1610-1619, 3016, 3023, 4108, 
    4151, 4152, 4155-4159, 4162, 4172, 4173, 4424, 4481, 4482, 4484, 
    4662, 8001, and 8002 of the Senate amendment, and modifications 
    committed to conference: Messrs. Barton of Texas, Pickering and 
    Dingell.
        From the Committee on Government Reform, for consideration of 
    section 1802 of the Senate amendment, and modifications committed 
    to conference: Messrs. Tom Davis of Virginia, Schrock, and Waxman.
        From the Committee on the Judiciary, for consideration of 
    sections 1105, 1207, 1602, 1812, 2011, 3023, 4105, 4108, 4201, 
    4202, 4204, 5209, 5501, 6001, 6002, 7012, 7019-7022, and 7024 of 
    the House bill, and sections 1512, 1513, 1802, 3006, 3022, 3030, 
    4104, 4110, 4174, 4226, 4231, 4234, 4265, 4307, 4308, 4315, 4424, 
    4432, 4440-4442, 4445, 4447, 4462, 4463, 4633, and 4661 of the 
    Senate amendment, and modifications committed to conference: 
    Messrs. Sensenbrenner, Smith of Texas, and Conyers.

        From the Committee on Resources, for consideration of sections 
    1117, 3021, 6002, and 6003 of the House bill, and sections 1501, 
    1502, 1505, 1511, 1514, 1601, 1603, 3041, and 4521 through 4528 of 
    the Senate amendment, and modifications committed to conference: 
    Messrs. Pombo, Gibbons and Kind.
        From the Committee on Rules, for consideration of sections 8004 
    and 8005 of the House bill, and modifications committed to 
    conference: Messrs. Dreier, Sessions and Frost.
        From the Committee on, Science, for consideration of sections 
    2001, 3013, 3015, 3034, 4112, and Title V of the House bill, and 
    Title II, sections 3014, 3015, 3037, 4102, 4104, 4237, and 4461 of 
    the Senate amendment, and modifications committed to conference: 
    Messrs. Gilchrest, Neugebauer and Gordon.
        From the Committee on Ways and Means, for consideration of 
    Title IX of the House bill, and Title V of the Senate amendment, 
    and modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Thomas, McCrery 
    and Rangel.
        For consideration of the House bill and Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Mr. DeLay.
        There was no objection.

    On May 26, 2005,(67) the Speaker made conferee 
appointments on a similar bill in the following Congress, again 
appointing the Majority Leader to all matters committed to conference:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. 151 Cong. Rec. 11436, 11459, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES ON H.R. 3, TRANSPORTATION EQUITY ACT: 
                               A LEGACY FOR USERS

        Mr. [Donald] YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent to take from the Speaker's table the bill (H.R. 3) to 
    authorize funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, 
    and transit programs, and for other purposes, with a Senate 
    amendment thereto, disagree to the Senate amendment, and request a 
    conference with the Senate thereon.
        Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Alaska?
        There was no objection. . . 
    .                          -------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES ON H.R. 3, TRANSPORTATION EQUITY ACT: 
                               A LEGACY FOR USERS

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Randy] Kuhl of New York). Without 
    objection, the Chair appoints the following conferees:
        From the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, for 
    consideration of the House bill (except title X) and the Senate 
    amendment (except title V), and modifications committed to 
    conference:
        Messrs. Young of Alaska, Petri, Boehlert, Coble, Duncan, Mica, 
    Hoekstra, LaTourette, Bachus, Baker, Gary G. Miller of California, 
    Hayes, Simmons, Brown of South Carolina, Graves, Shuster, Boozman, 
    Oberstar, Rahall, DeFazio, Costello, Ms. Norton, Messrs. Nadler, 
    Menendez, Ms. Corrine Brown of Florida, Mr. Filner, Ms. Eddie 
    Bernice Johnson of Texas, Mr. Taylor of Mississippi, Ms. Millender-
    McDonald, Mr. Cummings, Mr. Blumenauer, and Mrs. Tauscher.
        From the Committee on the Budget, for consideration of sections 
    8001-8003 of the House bill, and title III of the Senate amendment, 
    and modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Nussle, Mario 
    Diaz-Balart of Florida, and Spratt.
        From the Committee on Education and the Workforce, for 
    consideration of sections 1118, 1605, 1809, 3018, and 3030 of the 
    House bill, and sections 1304, 1819, 6013, 6031, 6038, and 7603 of 
    the Senate amendment, and modifications committed to conference: 
    Messrs. Kline, Keller, and Barrow.
        From the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for consideration of 
    provisions in the House bill and Senate amendment relating to Clean 
    Air Act provisions of transportation planning contained in sections 
    6001 and 6006 of the House bill; and sections 6005 and 6006 of the 
    Senate amendment; and sections 1210, 1824, 1833, 5203, and 6008 of 
    the House bill; and sections 1501, 1511, 1522, 1610-1619, 1622, 
    4001, 4002, 6016, 6023, 7218, 7223, 7251, 7252, 7256-7262, 7324, 
    7381, 7382, and 7384 of the Senate amendment, and modifications 
    committed to conference: Messrs. Barton of Texas, Pickering, and 
    Dingell.
        From the Committee on Government Reform, for consideration of 
    section 4205 of the House bill, and section 2101 of the Senate 
    amendment, and modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Tom 
    Davis of Virginia, Platts, and Waxman.
        From the Committee on Homeland Security, for consideration of 
    sections 1834, 6027, 7324, and 7325 of the Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Cox, Daniel E. 
    Lungren of California, and Thompson of Mississippi.
        From the Committee on the Judiciary, for consideration of 
    sections 1211, 1605, 1812, 1832, 2013, 2017, 4105, 4201, 4202, 
    4214, 7018-7020, and 7023 of the House bill, and sections 1410, 
    1512, 1513, 6006, 6029, 7108, 7113, 7115, 7338, 7340, 7343, 7345, 
    7362, 7363, 7406, 7407, and 7413 of the Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Sensenbrenner, Smith 
    of Texas, and Conyers.
        From the Committee on Resources, for consideration of sections 
    1119, 3021, 6002, and 6003 of the House bill, and sections 1501, 
    1502, 1505, 1511, 1514, 1601, 1603, 6040, and 7501-7518 of the 
    Senate amendment, and modifications committed to conference: 
    Messrs. Pombo, Walden of Oregon, and Kind.
        From the Committee on Rules, for consideration of sections 8004 
    and 8005 of the House bill, and modifications committed to 
    conference: Mr. Dreier, Mrs. Capito, and Mr. McGovern.
        From the Committee on Science, for consideration of sections 
    2010, 3013, 3015, 3034, 3039, 3041, 4112, and title V of the House 
    bill, and title II and sections 6014, 6015, 6036, 7118, 7212, 7214, 
    7361, and 7370 of the Senate amendment, and modifications committed 
    to conference: Messrs. Ehlers, Reichert, and Gordon.
        From the Committee on Ways and Means, for consideration of 
    title X of the House bill, and title V of the Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Thomas, McCrery, and 
    Rangel.
        For consideration of the House bill and Senate amendment, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Mr. DeLay.
        There was no objection.

Sec. 6.11 Where there has been an absence of recommendations from the 
    Minority Leader, the Speaker has appointed only majority party 
    Members to a conference committee.(68)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
68. Parliamentarian's Note: While the Speaker is not required to 
        consult with the Minority Leader on conferee appointments, such 
        consultation generally does occur. Here, the Speaker made 
        majority party appointments prior to receiving the 
        recommendations of the Minority Leader. For the Speaker's 
        appointment of minority party Members to this conference 
        committee, see 157 Cong. Rec. 21485, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Dec. 23, 2011).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 20, 2011,(69) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. 157 Cong. Rec. 21438-39, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES ON H.R. 3630, MIDDLE CLASS TAX RELIEF 
                          AND JOB CREATION ACT OF 2011

        The SPEAKER.(70) The Clerk will read the Chair's 
    appointment of conferees. Additional conferees may be appointed on 
    the recommendation of the minority leader.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read as follows:
        The Chair appoints the following managers on the part of the 
    House for consideration of H.R. 3630 and the Senate amendments, and 
    modifications committed to conference: Messrs. Camp, Upton, Brady 
    of Texas, Walden, Price of Georgia, Reed, Mrs. Ellmers, and Ms. 
    Hayworth.

Sec. 6.12 By unanimous consent, the House authorized the Speaker to 
    resolve the House into a secret session and set the parameters for 
    that secret session (including a division of debate time between 
    the Majority Leader and the Minority Whip).

    On March 13, 2008,(71) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
71. 154 Cong. Rec. 4145, 4154, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   PERMISSION TO RESOLVE INTO SECRET SESSION

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Madam Speaker, at the request 
    of, and after discussion with, the distinguished Republican whip, I 
    ask unanimous consent that at a time designated by the Speaker on 
    the legislative day of March 13, 2008, the House resolve itself 
    into secret session as though pursuant to clause 8 of rule XVII; 
    secondly, debate in such secret session proceed without intervening 
    motion for 1 hour equally divided and controlled by the majority 
    leader and the minority whip; and, thirdly, at the conclusion of 
    that debate, the secret session shall be dissolved.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(72) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Maryland?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
72. Ellen Tauscher (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Roy] BLUNT [of Missouri]. Reserving the right to object, 
    Madam Speaker, I believe I heard the leader say clause 8.
        Did you mean clause 9?
        Mr. HOYER. Clause 9. Excuse me.
        Mr. BLUNT. Clause 9. And this secret session would be convened 
    at some time by the Speaker today when the room has been secured 
    and would dissolve at the end of an hour of discussion? Is that 
    what I understand?
        Mr. HOYER. That's what the consent agreement is, pursuant to 
    our discussions.
        Mr. BLUNT. I withdraw my reservation, Madam Speaker . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Maryland?
        There was no 
    objection.                          -------------------

Sec. 6.13 Pursuant to a separate order contained in the resolution 
    adopting the standing rules for the 112th Congress, the first ten 
    bill numbers were reserved for the Speaker and the second ten bill 
    numbers were reserved for the Minority Leader.

    On January 5, 2011,(73) the House adopted a resolution 
establishing the standing rules for the 112th Congress with the 
following separate order:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
73. 157 Cong. Rec. 80, 82, 83, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                               RULES OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. CANTOR. Mr. Speaker, I offer a privileged resolution and 
    ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 5

  Resolved, That the Rules of the House of Representatives of the One 
Hundred Eleventh Congress, including applicable provisions of law or 
concurrent resolution that constituted rules of the House at the end of the 
One Hundred Eleventh Congress, are adopted as the Rules of the House of 
Representatives of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, with amendments to the 
standing rules as provided in section 2, and with other orders as provided 
in sections 3, 4, and 5.

SEC. 2. CHANGES TO THE STANDING RULES . . .

SEC. 3. SEPARATE ORDERS . . .

  (m) Numbering of Bills.--In the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, the first 
10 numbers for bills (H.R. 1 through H.R. 10) shall be reserved for 
assignment by the Speaker and the second 10 numbers for bills (H.R. 11 
through H.R. 20) shall be reserved for assignment by the Minority Leader . 
. .

Sec. 6.14 The House adopted a special order of business resolution 
    providing for the disposition of amendments between the Houses on a 
    continuing resolution, and further providing that the offering of 
    any privileged motions under clause 4 of rule XXII(74) 
    related to a specific measure be restricted to the Majority Leader 
    or a designee thereof.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1075 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 30, 2013,(75) the following resolution was 
adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
75. 159 Cong. Rec. H6031, H6033 [Daily Ed.] 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For 
        another special order of business resolution with the same 
        restriction, see 160 Cong. Rec. H7133-34 [Daily Ed.], 113th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (July 31, 2014). For an instance in which the 
        Majority Leader managed general debate on a bill in the 
        Committee of the Whole pursuant to a special order of business, 
        see 161 Cong. Rec. H3511 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (May 21, 2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        REPORT ON RESOLUTION RELATING TO CONSIDERATION OF H.J. RES. 59, 
                   CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION, 2014

        Mr. [Pete] SESSIONS [of California], from the Committee on 
    Rules, submitted a privileged report (Rept. No. 113-240) on the 
    resolution (H. Res. 368) relating to consideration of the joint 
    resolution (H.J. Res. 59) making continuing appropriations for 
    fiscal year 2014, and for other purposes, which was referred to the 
    House Calendar and ordered to be 
    printed.                          -------------------

             RELATING TO CONSIDERATION OF H.J. RES. 59, CONTINUING 
                        APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION, 2014

        Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on 
    Rules, I call up House Resolution 368 and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 368

  Resolved, That the House hereby (1) takes from the Speaker's table the 
joint resolution (H.J. Res. 59) making continuing appropriations for fiscal 
year 2014, and for other purposes, with the House amendment to the Senate 
amendment thereto, (2) insists on its amendment, and (3) requests a 
conference with the Senate thereon.

  Sec. 2.  Any motion pursuant to clause 4 of rule XXII relating to House 
Joint Resolution 59 may be offered only by the Majority Leader or his 
designee.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(76) The gentleman from 
    Texas is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. Ted Poe (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 368 directs the 
    House of Representatives to go to conference with the Senate to 
    resolve differences between the two Chambers on how to 
    appropriately fund the Federal Government. Like any other time the 
    House goes to a conference, Mr. Speaker, the minority will have an 
    opportunity to instruct conferees and have their ideas heard. . . .
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, the 
    15-minute vote on adoption of the resolution will be followed by a 
    5-minute vote on approval of the Journal, if ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    228, nays 199, not voting 4, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 505] . . .

        So the resolution was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. . . 
    .                          -------------------

The Motion to Recommit

Sec. 6.15 Where no minority member of the reporting committee opposed 
    to the bill sought recognition to offer a motion to recommit a 
    conference report, the Speaker recognized the Minority 
    Whip.(77)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
77. Parliamentarian's Note: Under well-established precedents, the 
        Chair will look first to the Minority Leader to offer a motion 
        to recommit, and then to minority members of the reporting 
        committee who are opposed to the measure. In this instance, in 
        the absence of the Minority Leader, the Minority Whip was 
        recognized_not because of his status as part of the minority 
        party leadership but simply because no minority member of the 
        reporting committee sought recognition. House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 788 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 28, 1992,(78) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78. 138 Cong. Rec. 12846-47, 102d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   Motion to Recommit Offered by Mr. Gingrich

        Mr. [Newt] GINGRICH [of Georgia]. Madam Speaker, I offer a 
    motion to recommit.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(79) Is the gentleman 
    opposed to the conference report?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. Jolene Unsoeld (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. GINGRICH. I am opposed, Madam Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion to 
    recommit.
        The Clerk read as follows:

        Mr. Gingrich moves to recommit the conference report to 
    accompany the bill, S. 1306, to the committee of conference on the 
    disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the House 
    to the bill with instructions to the managers on the part of the 
    House to agree to section 205(f) of the Senate bill (relating to a 
    prohibition against using funds to provide individuals with 
    hypodermic needles or syringes so that such individuals may use 
    illegal drugs).

The Legislative Schedule

Sec. 6.16 The Majority Whip announced to the House a projected recess 
    schedule for the first session of the Congress, agreed upon by the 
    majority and minority leaderships.

    On January 11, 1973,(80) the following schedule for 
House business was announced by the Majority Whip:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. 119 Cong. Rec. 845, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. For another example of the 
        Majority Leader inserting into the Congressional Record  the 
        legislative schedule, see 125 Cong. Rec. 412, 96th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Jan. 18, 1979).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HOLIDAY RECESS SCHEDULE_1973

        Mr. [John] McFALL [of California]. Mr. Speaker, the following 
    is the holiday recess schedule for 1973:
        Lincoln's Birthday, Monday, February 12: From conclusion of 
    business on Friday, February 9 until noon, Monday, February 19.
        Washington's Birthday, Monday, February 19: Reading of the 
    Farewell Address only.
        Easter, Sunday, April 22: From conclusion of business on 
    Thursday, April 19 until noon, Monday, April 30.
        Memorial Day, Monday, May 28: From conclusion of business 
    Thursday, May 24 until noon, Tuesday, May 29.
        Fourth of July, Wednesday, July 4: From conclusion of business 
    Friday, June 29 until noon, Thursday, July 5.
        August recess, from conclusion of business Friday, August 3 
    until noon Wednesday, September 5.
        The House will be in session the first and third Fridays of 
    every month if legislation is available prior to the August recess. 
    The House will be in session every Friday after Labor Day.
        Further recesses will be announced after Labor Day.

The Schedule Colloquy

Sec. 6.17 Although the colloquy on the legislative program is 
    traditionally transacted by recognizing the Minority Leader or 
    Minority Whip (who then yields to the Majority Leader to answer 
    inquiries regarding the schedule), such colloquy may be conducted 
    by recognizing the Majority Leader instead.

    On December 17, 1998,(81) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81. 144 Cong. Rec. 27797-98, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM

        (Mr. ARMEY asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, we will continue 
    to work on this whole subject of the schedule for the remainder of 
    the day and ensuing. I know Members on both sides of the aisle are 
    very anxious about this schedule, and let me just suggest that we 
    will need to perhaps put the House into recess for an hour.
        We will continue with our meeting and our negotiations with the 
    minority, and hopefully within the hour we can return with an 
    announcement of what the schedule will be for the remainder of this 
    day, this week, and that time ensuing.
        Mr. Speaker, I should encourage Members to stay close to their 
    offices. We would like to, on behalf of all the Members, be able to 
    give you definitive word within that hour time period, and at that 
    point, of course, each and every Member can follow up as they and 
    their family's needs dictate.
        If I may ask the indulgence of the Chamber, that we take that 
    recess, come back within the hour, and make that announcement.
        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. ARMEY. I yield to the gentleman from Michigan.
        Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I would say to the gentleman from 
    Texas, the majority leader, let me just state from the perspective 
    of many on this side of the aisle, and I assume some even on the 
    gentleman's side of the aisle, that we would look down upon any 
    activity in this body to go forward with impeachment while American 
    men and women are engaged in armed conflict.
        I hope in your deliberations, I hope in your deliberations, 
    that you consider the message that that will send to people around 
    the world, and more particularly, those who are fighting on behalf 
    of this country.
        Mr. ARMEY. I thank the gentleman from Michigan for his advice.

Tradition Regarding Debate Time

Sec. 6.18 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised 
    that the Minority Leader (who had been yielded only three minutes) 
    was allowed to speak for an extended time, in consonance with the 
    tradition of the House to allow the highest-ranking leaders of each 
    party such latitude in important debates.

    On December 18, 1998,(82) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
82. 144 Cong. Rec. 27831, 27834, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [John] CONYERS [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, it is our plan 
    to recognize our leadership, and then our members of the Committee 
    on the Judiciary, and then the rest of our distinguished membership 
    on this side.
        Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield three minutes to the 
    distinguished gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Gephardt), our minority 
    leader.
        (Mr. GEPHARDT asked and was given permission to revise and 
    extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, this vote 
    today is taking place on the wrong day, and we are doing it in the 
    wrong way. I am disappointed and I am saddened by the actions of 
    the majority, in both the timing and in the method that we are 
    considering the most important act that the Constitution asks us to 
    perform. The actions of the majority, in my view, show a lack of 
    common sense and decency, and is not befitting of our beloved 
    House. . . .
        Let me talk about the way we are doing this and how that can be 
    that first step. We have articles of impeachment on the floor of 
    this House. This is the most radical act that is called for in our 
    Constitution.
        In this debate, we are being denied a vote as an alternative to 
    impeachment for censure and condemnation of our President for the 
    wrongful acts that we believe have been performed.
        We all say that this is a vote of conscience. You get to vote 
    your vote of conscience, and I respect that right. All we are 
    asking for is that we get to vote our conscience. And it is not 
    just our conscience, it is the conscience of millions of Americans 
    who share this view.
        I know what you say. You say that the Constitution does not 
    allow this vote of censure. Constitutional scholars in the 
    hundreds, some of the most respected, conservative constitutional 
    scholars have opined in the days before, in the committee and 
    through articles and through speeches, that, in their view, the 
    Constitution does allow this vote; that the Constitution is silent 
    on this question of what else we can do; that the Constitution in 
    no way prevents us from doing this.
        What do I conclude? I can only conclude that you do not want 
    our Members to have this choice. I can only conclude that some are 
    afraid of this vote. I can only conclude that this may be about 
    winning a vote, not about high-minded ideals. . . .

                             Parliamentary Inquiry

        Mr. [Frank] SENSENBRENNER [of Wisconsin]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ray] LaHood [of Illinois]). The 
    gentleman will state his parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. SENSENBRENNER. How much time was charged to the gentleman 
    from Michigan (Mr. Conyers) for the speech of the gentleman from 
    Missouri (Mr. Gephardt)?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will say this, because other 
    Members have inquired about this. The Chair has in the past had a 
    standing policy during important debates to allow for the highest-
    ranking party-elected Members of the House, the Speaker, the 
    majority leader, the minority leader, and the minority whip, 
    additional time during the time they are making important 
    statements.
        The answer to the gentleman's question is that while the 
    gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Gephardt) took 12 minutes to make his 
    remarks, the Chair extended the time to him as a courtesy, as has 
    traditionally been done on both sides of the aisle.

Sec. 6.19 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised 
    that the Majority Leader (who had been recognized for one minute) 
    was allowed to speak for an extended time, in consonance with the 
    tradition of the House to allow the highest-ranking leaders of each 
    party such latitude in debate.

    On May 18, 2004,(83) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83. 150 Cong. Rec. 9944, 9945, 108th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              TAXATION'S EVIL TWIN

        (Mr. DeLAY asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. DeLAY. . . .                          -------------------

                             PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY

        Mr. [James] McDERMOTT [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(84) The gentleman will 
    state it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
84. Rob Bishop (UT).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. McDERMOTT. Are we in the 1-minute section of the calendar?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair is recognizing Members for 
    1-minute speeches.
        Mr. McDERMOTT. And the Chair is keeping time?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair accords traditional 
    treatment to the party leaders.

Sec. 6.20 In response to a parliamentary inquiry regarding the 
    tradition of the House to allow the Speaker and the party floor 
    leaders to address the House at their full length, the Chair 
    declined to place a hypothetical limit on such ``unclocked'' time, 
    and declined to announce how much actual time had been consumed 
    during such recognition.

    On June 26, 2009,(85) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
85. 155 Cong. Rec. 16732, 16734, 16738, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Michael] FORBES [of New York]. Madam Speaker, I yield the 
    balance of my time to the distinguished minority leader, the 
    gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Boehner).
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(86) The gentleman from Ohio 
    is recognized for 2 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
86. Ellen Tauscher (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Let me thank my colleague for 
    yielding. . . .

                            Parliamentary Inquiries

        Mr. [Henry] WAXMAN [of California]. Madam Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will suspend.
        Does the gentleman yield for a parliamentary inquiry?
        Mr. BOEHNER. I would be happy to yield to the gentleman.
        Mr. WAXMAN. The Republican leader was yielded the balance of 
    the time, which I think amounted to around 4 or 5 minutes. He has 
    talked for around 20. I know we have this ``magic'' minute that 
    gives leaders a lot of extra time to speak, but I'm just wondering 
    if there is some limit under the rules on the time that a leader 
    may take, even though the time yielded was not 20 or 30 minutes.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is the custom of the House to hear 
    the leaders' remarks.
        Mr. WAXMAN. Further parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman yield for a 
    parliamentary inquiry?
        Mr. BOEHNER. I will be happy to yield to the gentleman.
        Mr. WAXMAN. I know it is the custom of the House to give a 
    little extra latitude. Is there any outside limit to the amount of 
    time a leader might take? And do we have historical records that 
    might be broken tonight? Or is this an attempt to try to get some 
    people to leave on a close vote?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is the custom of the House to hear 
    to the leaders' remarks.
        Mr. BOEHNER. Reclaiming my time, the gentleman has had his 30 
    years to put this bill together, and the House is going to spend a 
    whopping 5 hours debating the most profound piece of legislation to 
    come to this floor in 100 years. And the chairman has the audacity 
    to drop a 300-plus-page amendment in the hopper at 3:09 a.m. this 
    morning. And so I would ask my colleagues, don't you think the 
    American people expect us to understand what is in this bill before 
    we vote on it? . . .
        Mr. WAXMAN. Madam Speaker, the minority leader was yielded 2\1/
    2\ minutes. Could you tell us how much time he consumed?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman used a customary amount 
    of time.

Sec. 6.21 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised 
    that: (1) allowing the highest-ranking party leaders such time as 
    they might consume with their remarks in debate is a long custom 
    and not a positive rule; (2) the time thus consumed is unrelated to 
    the nominal time yielded; and (3) the nominal time yielded is the 
    amount deducted from the time of the yielding Member.

    On June 24, 2010,(87) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. 156 Cong. Rec. 11703, 11704, 111th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [William] PASCRELL [of New Jersey]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 10 
    seconds to the majority leader, Mr. Hoyer.
        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. I thank my friend for 
    yielding, and I rise in strong support of this piece of 
    legislation. . . .

                            Parliamentary Inquiries

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Chairman.
        The Acting CHAIR.(88) The gentleman from California 
    will state his parliamentary inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
88. Jose Serrano (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Mr. Chairman, in the years 
    I've been here in the House, I know there is allowed under the 
    rules a tradition that the leaders of either the majority or 
    minority or the Speaker is granted 1 minute speaking time by their 
    side, taken out of their time, and yet, shall we say, a judicious 
    minute is allowed.
        It was my understanding that under the rules and, as 
    interpreted, the tradition that has developed, that it was 
    predicated on a dedication of 1 minute out of the time of the side. 
    And yet, as I understand it, the request has been made for just 10 
    seconds. My parliamentary inquiry is, is that allowed under the 
    rules? And if it is, when did the rules change?
        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair will advise that it is a matter of 
    custom, not rules.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Well, then I would ask, if 
    it's a matter of custom, when did the custom change from 1 minute 
    to 10 seconds?
        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair is honoring the custom of the 
    various leaders speaking longer than the time allocated, and that 
    is what happened today.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. I understand that. My 
    question is the time that's taken out of the side. I granted 1 
    minute to the Republican leader earlier in the debate because I was 
    told that that is both under the rules allowed and that is the 
    tradition.
        I know I've only been a Member of this House now for 16 years, 
    but I have never seen this in my time, and I am just wondering 
    whether this is the new rule or the new tradition.
        And further parliamentary inquiry, whether I would have been 
    recognized to grant 10 seconds to the distinguished leader of the 
    Republican side and therefore had only 10 seconds taken out of my 
    time.
        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair will advise the gentleman that the 
    nominal time granted is unrelated to the time that the leaders 
    might speak, and here the leader spoke for the longer time that he 
    wished to speak.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. I appreciate that. I think 
    the Chair misunderstands my inquiry. My inquiry isn't about the 
    amount of time graciously granted to either leader or the Speaker, 
    but rather the time subtracted from that that appears in the rule 
    given to the side granting the time to the leader.
        The Acting CHAIR. The nominal amount that a Member chooses to 
    yield to the leader to speak for the time that he or she wishes is 
    not a matter of regulation.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Is that amount of time 
    deducted from the side which grants the speaker the time?
        The Acting CHAIR. Yes, the nominal amount of time is deducted.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. So if I would say 5 
    seconds, it would be 5 seconds rather than if I had said 1 minute; 
    is that correct?
        The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman is correct. That is a matter of 
    technique or choice.
        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. I see. I shall be much 
    more judicious in my grant of time in the future now that I have 
    had this information conveyed. Thank you.

Consultation with Floor Leaders

Sec. 6.22 The Speaker's announced policy of conferring recognition upon 
    Members to call up measures by unanimous consent, when assured that 
    the majority and minority floor and committee leadership has no 
    objection, was interpreted to extend only to the Minority Leader 
    and not to the entire hierarchy of minority floor leadership (in 
    this case the Minority Whip) when the Minority Leader had been 
    consulted.

    On April 25, 1985,(89) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
89. 131 Cong. Rec. 9415, 99th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         REQUEST FOR CONSIDERATION OF HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 130, 
        EXPRESSING SENSE OF CONGRESS WITH RESPECT TO PRESIDENT'S VISIT 
                         TO FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

        Mr. [Dante] FASCELL [of Florida]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent for the immediate consideration in the House of a con- 
    current resolution (H. Con. Res. 130) expressing the sense of the 
    Congress with respect to the President's visit to the Federal 
    Republic of Germany in May 1985, which I send to the desk.
        If consent is granted, I would yield 15 minutes to the 
    gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Broomfield] and reserve 15 minutes to 
    myself.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(90) The Clerk will report 
    the title of the concurrent resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. Tommy Robinson (AR).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Florida?
        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. Reserving the right to 
    object, Mr. Speaker, I understood that the policy that had been 
    announced by the Speaker was that the House was directed that it 
    was not in order to bring up legislation by unanimous consent 
    unless that request had been cleared with the leadership on both 
    sides, to wit: it also says that should include the majority and 
    minority floor leadership, and committee and subcommittee chairmen 
    and ranking minority members.
        I was not notified. I am under the impression the gentleman 
    from Texas, the majority floor leader, was not notified, and, 
    therefore, I presume that the Speaker, the Chair, in this case, 
    would not recognize this unanimous consent request.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Would the gentleman from Florida 
    advise the Chair what clearance he has?
        Mr. FASCELL. If the gentleman would yield__
        Mr. LOTT. Further reserving the right to object, I will be glad 
    to yield.
        Mr. FASCELL. The matter was cleared on our side.
        Mr. LOTT. Was it cleared with the majority leader on your side, 
    the majority floor leader?
        Mr. FASCELL. And it was cleared on your side, with your leader, 
    and ranking member of the full committee. Well, I am not sure who 
    the leader is over there. And also with the chairman of the 
    subcommittee.
        Mr. LOTT. Further reserving the right to object, now, Mr. 
    Chairman, let's don't start that kind of stuff.
        Mr. FASCELL. I am trying to give the gentleman, as I gave my 
    colleagues on the committee and the leadership on the minority 
    side, absolute assurance, because the Speaker would not take this 
    matter up until I had given him that assurance. I got that 
    assurance on your side. After getting that done, you came on the 
    floor and objected. I respect your position, and I assume you are 
    part of the leadership and you have a right to object if you want 
    to. But do not question my integrity when I say it was cleared.
        Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, further reserving the right to object, I 
    am going to respond to that. Further reserving the right to object, 
    it says, on page 476, House Rules and Manual:
        The Chair has established a policy of conferring recognition of 
    all Members to permit consideration of bills and resolutions by 
    unanimous consent only when assured that the majority and minority 
    floor leadership * * *.
        I am under the impression that the majority leader was not 
    notified.
        Is the Chair prepared to rule on whether or not this is going 
    to be recognized for a unanimous-consent request, based on that?
        Mr. FASCELL. Regular order, Mr. Speaker.
        It seems to me that the gentleman is on his feet either to 
    object or not object, and I wish he would go on and do something.
        Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, as I understand it, it is not in order, 
    based on this rule, that I understand is in place, and I am 
    inquiring if the Chair is going to rule that way itself. It would 
    not be necessary for anybody else to object.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair feels there is sufficient 
    assurance of clearance.
        Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from 
    Florida?
        Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, I object.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard.

Sec. 6.23 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair explained 
    the announced policy of the Speaker to confer recognition on 
    Members seeking unanimous consent to call up measures only when 
    assured that the floor and committee leadership have no objection.

    On September 9, 1988,(91) parliamentary inquiries were 
made regarding recognition to offer unanimous-consent requests for the 
consideration of legislation:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
91. 134 Cong. Rec. 23312, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Jerry] LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, it was my 
    intention, when all the Members were present in the body and the 
    Speaker was before us, to make an inquiry of the Speaker and 
    request that he ask unanimous consent to change the rules of the 
    House to make it standard operating procedure that we have the 
    Pledge of Allegiance following the prayer before each session. The 
    Speaker at the time of applause left the Chamber, so that is not 
    feasible.
        It is my understanding, Mr. Speaker, that in order to discharge 
    a bill before the Rules Committee--and there is such a bill, H. 
    Res. 501, introduced by the gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon], 
    which is in print--in order to discharge that bill so it could come 
    to the floor where we could debate it here and have a vote yes or 
    no on the Pledge of Allegiance question, I would have to have 
    previously gotten the approval of the majority leader and the 
    majority whip on that, as well as the approval of the minority 
    leader and the minority whip.
        Would the Chair clarify precisely for me what kind of exercise 
    I must go through to get that approval?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(92) In answer to the 
    gentleman's inquiry, the Chair would state that the Speaker's 
    announcement is in accordance with the rules of the House, and that 
    that procedure will be followed next Tuesday.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
92. Kenneth Gray (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair will further state to the gentleman from California, 
    that to make any unanimous-consent request now would require the 
    approval of both sides, to bring up the resolution to which he 
    alluded.
        Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, would the Chair clarify 
    this for me?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is the gentleman propounding a 
    parliamentary inquiry?
        Mr. LEWIS of California. Yes, Mr. Speaker, a further 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.

                            parliamentary inquiries

        Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, is the Speaker's ruling 
    essentially this, that I would have to get the approval of the 
    majority leader and the majority whip--I already have the approval 
    of the minority leader the minority whip--in order to seek 
    recognition for that purpose? Is that correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would state that the 
    Speaker's announced guidelines on making a unanimous-consent 
    request to consider an unreported measure, regardless of what 
    committee is involved, require that it be cleared on both sides of 
    the aisle, floor and committee leadership, including the chairman. 
    In this case it would be the chairman of the Rules Committee. That 
    is why the Chair was stating to the gentleman, in response to his 
    inquiry, that all of the Speaker's guidelines must be followed by 
    contacting both the minority leader and the majority leader and the 
    chairman and ranking minority member of the Rules Committee. The 
    Chair could then recognize a Member for that purpose once it had 
    been cleared.
        Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the latter 
    comment. The Chair has indicated that once I have gotten the 
    permission essentially or had gotten the approval of the Speaker, 
    the chairman of the Rules Committee, the majority leader, and the 
    majority whip to request withdrawal of House Resolution 501, which 
    would bring this issue of a Pledge of Allegiance to us, then 
    unanimous consent could be requested for that item to come to the 
    floor and to be debated and voted upon?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has stated the situation 
    accurately. It would be handled in the ordinary fashion that we 
    handle resolutions here on the floor that have been cleared on both 
    sides with the floor leadership and the leadership of the 
    committee. The gentleman states it correctly.
        Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I might mention to the 
    Members of the House that the Speaker has helped us a lot by, first 
    of all, indicating that he was going to call upon a Member to lead 
    the Pledge of Allegiance on the first legislative day of next week, 
    and then upon myself for the second legislative day. I presume that 
    means Tuesday and Wednesday of next week.
        Beyond that point, let is be said that it is my intention to 
    seek their approval for a request to withdraw House Resolution 501 
    from the Rules Committee so that we can bring this issue to the 
    floor and have a full-scale debate on the question of a Pledge of 
    Allegiance and a vote up or down on the measure.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman knows that this body has 
    that right.



Sec. 7. Party Whips

    Each party organization in the House elects an official known as 
the ``whip''_the Majority Whip (for the majority party) and the 
Minority Whip (for the minority party). Like the floor leaders, these 
officials are not officers of the House but are party officials 
responsible to their respective caucuses. Thus, the whips are not 
elected by the House, but their election (by their party organizations) 
is customarily announced to the membership on the floor.(1) 
A vacancy in the office of whip is filled by the respective caucus and 
the selection typically announced to the House.(2) The whip 
organization of each caucus may employ subsidiary officials such as 
deputy whips, assistant whips, floor whips, or regional 
whips.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H6 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017). See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. Sec. 3.7, 6.6, 23.1, and 23.3.
 2. See Sec. Sec. 7.3, 7.4, infra.
 3. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        11. See Sec. 7.2, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 
        Sec. Sec. 23.2, 23.4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The primary function of a whip operation is to gauge the attitudes 
of members of the party caucus and attempt to unify the party behind 
legislative measures. The whips are thus conduits between the rank-and-
file members of the caucus and the caucus's leadership_informing 
leadership as to the sentiments of the caucus as a whole, and conveying 
leadership strategies and goals to caucus members. Much of the whip's 
operation thus involves communicating information and ideas within the 
caucus and keeping members of the caucus abreast of the legislative 
schedule and other developments in the House. As party leaders, the 
whips may also take on special responsibilities on the floor of the 
House (such as offering certain resolutions or motions, or making 
announcements),(4) or serve as Speaker pro 
tempore.(5) The whips are frequently included in ceremonial 
delegations.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 24.3, 24.4.
 5. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 23.5.
 6. See Sec. 3, supra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 24.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 7.1 The party selections of the Majority and Minority Leaders and 
    Whips (and one other minority position) were announced to the House 
    by the chairs of the respective party caucuses.

    On January 3, 2013,(7) the following announcements were 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. 159 Cong. Rec. H5-H6, 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                MAJORITY LEADER

        Mrs. [Cathy] McMORRIS RODGERS [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, as 
    chair of the Republican Conference, I am directed by that 
    conference to notify the House officially that the Republican 
    Members have selected as majority leader the gentleman from 
    California, the Honorable Kevin 
    McCarthy.                          -------------------

                                MINORITY LEADER

        Mr. [Xavier] BECERRA [of California]. Mr. Speaker, as chairman 
    of the Democratic Caucus, I have been directed to report to the 
    House that the Democratic Members have selected as minority leader 
    the gentlewoman from California, the Honorable Nancy 
    Pelosi.                          -------------------

                                 MAJORITY WHIP

        Mrs. McMORRIS RODGERS. Mr. Speaker, as chair of the Republican 
    Conference, I am directed by that conference to notify the House 
    officially that the Republican Members have selected as majority 
    whip the gentleman from Louisiana, the Honorable Steve 
    Scalise.                          -------------------

                 MINORITY WHIP AND ASSISTANT DEMOCRATIC LEADER

        Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Democratic Caucus, 
    I have been directed to report to the House that the Democratic 
    Members have selected as minority whip the gentleman from Maryland, 
    the Honorable Steny Hoyer, and as assistant Democratic leader, the 
    gentleman from South Carolina, the Honorable James Clyburn.

Sec. 7.2 The Majority Leader announced to the House the selections of 
    the Democratic Caucus(8) for the Majority Whip, the 
    Chief Deputy Whip, three Deputy Whips, and three at-large Whips to 
    represent specific constituencies.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: These proceedings reflect the composition 
        of the Democratic whip organization during the 94th Congress. 
        That composition has changed over the years and many of these 
        positions are no longer in existence.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 23, 1975,(9) the following announcement was 
made regarding choices for the Democratic Caucus's whip operation:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. 121 Cong. Rec. 1159, 94th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        APPOINTMENT OF MAJORITY WHIP, CHIEF DEPUTY WHIP, DEPUTY WHIPS, 
                               AND WHIPS AT LARGE

        (Mr. O'NEILL asked and was given permission to address the 
    House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I take 
    this time to announce that after consultation with the Speaker I am 
    appointing John McFall, of California, as majority whip; John 
    Brademas, of Indiana, as chief deputy whip; Jim Wright, of Texas, 
    as deputy whip; Richard H. Fulton, of Tennessee, as deputy whip; 
    and Spark Matsunaga, of Hawaii, as deputy whip.
        In addition, for the first time, I am appointing three at-large 
    whips to represent women Members, black Members, and freshmen 
    Members. These appointees are Bella Abzug, of New York, Cardiss. 
    Collins, of Illinois, and John Jenrette, of South Carolina.

Sec. 7.3 The Majority Leader having been elected Speaker of the House 
    and the Majority Whip having resigned from the House, the 
    selections of the new Majority Leader and Majority Whip by the 
    Democratic Caucus were announced to the House by the vice chair of 
    that caucus.

    For the Congressional Record proceedings of the June 14, 
1989,(10) announcement, see Sec. 6.3, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. 135 Cong. Rec. 11747, 11748, 101st Cong. 1st Sess. For farewell 
        remarks by the retiring Majority Whip, see 135 Cong. Rec. 
        11952, 101st Cong. 1st Sess. (June 15, 1989).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 7.4 The party selection of a new Minority Whip was announced to 
    the House by the Minority Leader.

    On January 23, 2002,(11) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. 148 Cong. Rec. 16, 107th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                 MINORITY WHIP

        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, as leader of 
    the Democratic Caucus, I have been directed to report to the House 
    that the Democratic Members have selected as their minority whip 
    the gentlewoman from California, the Honorable Nancy Pelosi.
        As a matter of information to the Members of the House, it is 
    my understanding that this is the highest position to which a woman 
    has been elected in the history of the House of Representatives.



                        C. Committee Assignments



Sec. 8. Electing Members to Committees

    For many decades, the party organizations have played a significant 
role in assigning Members of the House to standing committees. Before 
the 20th century, the Speaker exercised a great deal of authority in 
assigning Members to committees. Following the ``revolt'' against 
Speaker Joseph Cannon of Illinois in 1910, this authority was taken 
away from the Speaker.(1) Since that time, committee 
assignments in the House have been made by the adoption of a simple 
resolution of the House that specifies which Members are to be assigned 
to which committees, who shall chair such committees, and the rank of 
each Member on those committee.(2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See De Alva Stanwood Alexander, History and Procedure of the House 
        of Representatives, 41 (1916). Under the current rules, the 
        Speaker is still authorized to appoint Members to all joint, 
        select, and conference committees. See rule I, clause 11, House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 637 (2017).
 2. For more on committee assignments generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 17 Sec. Sec. 8-12 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        17.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The content of these committee election resolutions is developed by 
the party organizations. Essentially, each party is responsible for 
advancing a slate of nominees to fill open committee 
seats.(3) These committee election resolutions are 
privileged for consideration pursuant to clause 5(a) of rule 
X,(4) if offered by the direction of the relevant party 
caucus.(5) Similarly, vacancies on committees are filled by 
the adoption of a committee election resolution offered at the 
direction of the appropriate party caucus.(6) Pursuant to 
clause 5(c)(1) of rule X,(7) committee chairs are elected on 
the nomination of the majority party caucus (by designating the 
individual to serve as chair in a committee election resolution). 
Traditionally, neither the Speaker nor the floor leaders serve on 
committees, though there have been exceptions.(8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. For an unusual instance of a bipartisan committee election 
        resolution, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 11.1.
 4. House Rules and Manual Sec. 757 (2017).
 5. For parliamentary inquiries regarding the privilege of such a 
        resolution, see Sec. 8.2, infra.
 6. Rule X, clause 5(e), House Rules and Manual Sec. 762 (2017). The 
        House does not take cognizance of ``temporary'' resignations 
        from committees (which may be used for internal caucus 
        seniority purposes). See Sec. 8.3, infra.
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 761 (2017).
 8. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.18. Under Democratic Caucus 
        rules, a ``leadership member'' is appointed to the Committee on 
        the Budget (pursuant to clause 5(a)(2)(A) of rule X, which 
        provides that two members of the committee be designated by 
        ``the elected leadership'' of each party). House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 758 (2017). For an example of the Majority Leader 
        being elected to fill this committee slot, see Sec. 8.1, infra. 
        The Minority Leader also serves as ex officio member of the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, pursuant to 
        11(a)(3) of rule X. House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted above,(9) each of the two major party 
organizations maintains an internal committee to develop committee 
election resolutions to assign its members to standing committees of 
the House. For the Republican Conference, this committee is known as 
the Republican Steering Committee.(10) For the Democratic 
Caucus, this committee is known as the Democratic Steering and Policy 
Committee.(11) Formerly, the two organizations each 
maintained a ``Committee on Committees'' to determine party membership 
on committees of the House.(12) The internal Caucus and 
Conference rules have provided a variety of different mechanisms by 
which Members are assigned to committees, but the House only takes 
cognizance of the final product of those deliberations: the committee 
election resolutions offered on the floor.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. See Sec. 4, supra.
10. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Republican Conference, 115th Cong., 
        Rule 11.
11. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        13.
12. For a description of these earlier committees, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 8, 9. For many years, Democratic 
        Members of the Committee on Ways and Means would serve as that 
        party's ``Committee on Committees.'' See Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 3 Sec. Sec. 3.11, 9.1-9.3, and 19.7.
13. See Sec. 1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Members of the House who desire not to be affiliated with either of 
the two major political parties will nevertheless generally associate 
with one for purposes of being assigned to standing committees. In 
prior years, the majority party would customarily assume responsibility 
for assigning third-party or independent Members to 
committees.(14) More recently, it has been left to the 
independent or third-party Member to decide which caucus (that of the 
majority party or the minority party) is most appropriate to advance 
the required committee election resolution.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 9.4. Under even earlier 
        practice, all Members not associating with the majority party 
        were deemed minority Members and committee assignments for all 
        such Members (even those not affiliating with the minority 
        party) were made by the minority party. See 8 Cannon's 
        Precedents Sec. Sec. 2184, 2185.
15. For an example of an independent Member choosing to align with the 
        Democratic Caucus for committee election purposes, see 
        Sec. 8.5, infra. For an example of an independent Member 
        choosing to align with the Republican Conference for committee 
        election purposes, see Sec. 8.4, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    While the discussion of committee assignments above covers 
virtually all standing committees, the rules of the House provide 
special committee membership rules for three committees: the Committee 
on Ethics,(16) the Committee on the Budget,(17) 
and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.(18) 
Thus, committee election resolutions offered by the party caucuses must 
adhere to the specific membership requirements imposed for those 
committees.(19) The Committee on Ethics is a bipartisan 
committee, with equal representation from each of the two major 
parties.(20) The Committee on the Budget permits the elected 
leadership of each party to designate one member of the 
committee.(21) Membership requirements of the Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence, including how many members from each 
major political party may serve on the committee, have varied over the 
years. Currently, membership on the Permanent Select Committee stands 
at 22 Members, of whom not more than 13 may be members of the same 
political party.(22)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Rule X, clause 5(a)(3)(A), House Rules and Manual Sec. 759 (2017). 
        Additionally, investigative subcommittees of the Committee on 
        Ethics are chosen from a pool of Members chosen by the Speaker 
        and the Minority Leader, pursuant to clause 5(a)(4)(A) of rule 
        X.
17. Rule X, clause 5(a)(2)(A), House Rules and Manual Sec. 758 (2017).
18. Rule X, clause 11(a), House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017). 
        Membership on the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence is 
        determined by the Speaker, pursuant to clause 11 of rule I, 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 637 (2017). For parliamentary 
        inquiries regarding an informal practice of consulting with the 
        Minority Leader regarding such appointments, see Sec. 8.6, 
        infra.
19. Parliamentarian's Note: During the 102d and 103d Congresses, the 
        Committee on House Administration maintained a Subcommittee on 
        Administrative Oversight with unique bipartisan membership 
        requirements. See H. Res. 423, 138 Cong. Rec. 9039-79, 102d 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Apr. 9, 1992). See also Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 6. However, this subcommittee was eliminated in the 104th 
        Congress. For more on committee membership generally, see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 17 Sec. Sec. 8-12 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 17.
20. Parliamentarian's Note: At the beginning of the 105th Congress, the 
        House created a temporary Select Committee on Ethics whose 
        provisions allowed a vacancy on the committee to be filled by 
        the respective party leaders. See H. Res. 5, 143 Cong. Rec. 
        122, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1997). For an example of 
        filling a vacancy on this select committee by the Majority 
        Leader, see Sec. 8.7, infra.
21. Parliamentarian's Note: Formerly, two seats on the Committee on the 
        Budget were reserved for Members of the elected leadership of 
        the two major parties. In the 109th Congress, this rule was 
        amended to provide only that these seats be filled by Members 
        designated by the elected leaderships of the two parties. Rule 
        X, clause 5(a)(2)(A), House Rules and Manual Sec. 758 (2017).
22. Rule X, clause 11(a), House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017). For 
        an example of changing the Permanent Select Committee on 
        Intelligence's membership requirements by unanimous consent, 
        see Sec. 8.8, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Certain joint committees of the House and the Senate have 
membership rules that involve partisan affiliation.(23) For 
example, the Joint Economic Committee's ten House members are appointed 
by the Speaker_six from the majority party and four from the minority 
party.(24) The Joint Committee on Taxation's five House 
members (chosen by the Committee on Ways and Means from members of that 
committee) are divided on a partisan basis as well_three from the 
majority party and two from the minority party.(25) The 
Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies is established 
quadrennially by concurrent resolution of both Houses and its three 
House members are traditionally the Speaker, the Majority Leader, and 
the Minority Leader.(26)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Pursuant to clause 11 of rule I, the Speaker appoints Members to 
        joint committees. House Rules and Manual Sec. 637 (2017). For 
        an older example of the Majority Leader offering a resolution 
        to place a Member on two joint committees, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 3 Sec. 17.12.
24. 15 U.S.C. Sec. 1024(a).
25. 26 U.S.C. Sec. 8002(a)(2).
26. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1112 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 98th Congress in 1983, the standing rules of the House were 
amended to provide that service on a standing committee be contingent 
on the Member concerned continuing to affiliate with the party 
organization that nominated him or her to the position.(27) 
Under this rule, when a Member ceases to be a member of the caucus that 
nominated him or her, any committee assignments for that Member are 
automatically vacated. The chair of the respective party caucus is 
required to inform the Speaker whenever a member of that caucus ceases 
his or her affiliation, and the Speaker in turn is required to inform 
the chairs of all affected committees that the Member's election to 
those committees has been vacated. Letters from the caucus chair and 
the Speaker regarding these actions are laid before the House for the 
information of Members.(28)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Rule X, clause 5(b), House Rules and Manual Sec. 760 (2017). Clause 
        10(a) of rule X extends this requirement to select and joint 
        committees as well. House Rules and Manual Sec. 782 (2017).
28. For the first instance of the application of this rule regarding 
        continued party affiliation, see 130 Cong. Rec. 24790, 24791, 
        98th Cong. 2d Sess. (Sept. 11, 1984). For the most recent 
        instance at the time of this writing, see Sec. 8.9, infra. For 
        other examples, see: 135 Cong. Rec. 2500, 101st Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Feb. 22, 1989); 141 Cong. Rec. 12396, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (May 10, 1995); 141 Cong. Rec. 14424, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (May 25, 1995); 141 Cong. Rec. 18252, 18253, 104th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (July 10, 1995); 141 Cong. Rec. 24717, 104th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Sept. 12, 1995); 141 Cong. Rec. 32627, 104th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Nov. 15, 1995); 141 Cong. Rec. 36172, 36173, 104th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (Dec. 12, 1995); 145 Cong. Rec. 16586, 106th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (July 19, 1999); 146 Cong. Rec. 401, 106th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Feb. 1, 2000); 146 Cong. Rec. 17832, 17833, 106th Cong. 
        2d Sess. (Sept. 13, 2000); 150 Cong. Rec. 65, 108th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Jan. 20, 2004); and 150 Cong. Rec. 17535, 17536, 108th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Sept. 7, 2004).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When Members switch parties, their membership on committees is 
first vacated pursuant to the rules described above. Subsequently, the 
switching Members are again elected to committees via new committee 
election resolutions_this time offered at the direction of the new 
party with which they now affiliate. Independent or third-party Members 
are not required to formally join either of the major party caucuses in 
order to maintain their committee assignments, but they must continue 
their affiliation with the caucus that nominated them to those 
positions.

In General

Sec. 8.1 A newly-elected Majority Leader resigned from one committee 
    position (in consonance with the tradition that the party floor 
    leaders do not serve on committees) but was elected to another 
    committee position that, by rule, was reserved for a Member from 
    the leadership of the majority party.

    On October 16, 1989,(29) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 135 Cong. Rec. 24714, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              RESIGNATION AS MEMBER OF COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following resignation as 
    a member of the Committee on Ways and Means:

                                       House of Representatives,
                                    Office of the Majority Leader,
                                  Washington, DC, October 5, 1989.
                                               Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
                                  Speaker, House of Representatives,
                                 H-209, The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I am writing to formally offer my 
    resignation, effective immediately, from my seat on the House Ways 
    and Means Committee.
        I offer this resignation with mixed emotions. Since 1977 I have 
    been a member of the Committee. These years have been very exciting 
    and productive with the passage of Tax Reform, the Omnibus Trade 
    Bill, Welfare Reform and other major legislation. I am proud of my 
    contributions in these areas and will be sad to resign my position.
        At the same time, I am excited about my recent election to the 
    post of Majority Leader. I feel that great days lie ahead for the 
    House and our Nation. I believe that my new responsibilities will 
    require all my time and energy.
        In advance, thank you for your consideration of this request.

            Yours very truly,
                                              Richard A. Gephardt.

        The SPEAKER.(30) Without objection, the resignation 
    is accepted.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection. . . 
    .                          -------------------

        ELECTION OF MEMBERS TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE

        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 265) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 265

  Resolved, That the following Members be, and are hereby, elected to the 
following standing committees of the House of Representatives:

  Committee on Agriculture, Gary Condit, California.

  Committee on the Budget, Richard A. Gephardt, Missouri, to rank after 
Leon E. Panetta, Chairman.

  Committee on Government Operations, Gary Condit, California.

  Committee on House Administration, Thomas J. Manton, New York.

  Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Tim Johnson, South Dakota.

  Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, Charles A. Hayes, Illinois.

  Committee on Public Works and Transportation, Pete Geren, Texas.

  Committee on Ways and Means, Benjamin L. Cardin, Maryland.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 8.2 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Speaker stated 
    that language included in a resolution electing the chair of a 
    certain standing committee to provide that his powers and duties be 
    exercised by the vice chair until otherwise ordered by the House 
    was properly incidental to the ambit of the resolution, since 
    relevant to the election and consequent empowerment of the chair, 
    and thus did not affect the privilege of the resolution.

    On February 6, 1991,(31) the following parliamentary 
inquiries were raised regarding the privilege of a committee election 
resolution:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 137 Cong. Rec. 3198, 3199, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES

        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I have 
    parliamentary inquiries.
        The SPEAKER.(32) The gentleman will state his 
    inquiries.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, in further reference to my written 
    inquiry to the Parliamentarian about the meaning of and the 
    circumstances surrounding the inclusion in House Resolution 43 of a 
    proviso which states that ``the powers and duties conferred upon 
    the chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs shall 
    be exercised by the vice chairman thereof until otherwise ordered 
    by the House,'' does the inclusion of this proviso in any way 
    affect the privileged nature of the resolution electing Members to 
    standing committees of the House--and the reason I ask is that the 
    correspondence I have received from the Parliamentarian cites one 
    precedent, but that precedent involves a resolution that was called 
    up by unanimous consent--is there any precedent for including 
    language such as this in a privileged resolution?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair knows of no precise precedent, but the 
    Chair considers the provision incidental to the normal privileged 
    resolution providing for the election and consequent empowerment of 
    the chairman of the committee.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I have a further parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        As I understand it, clause 6(b) of rule XI provides that in the 
    temporary absence of the chairman the vice chairman shall act as 
    chairman--we have already had an automatic transfer of authority. 
    The Parliamentarian stated in correspondence to me on this 
    subject--correspondence which I would ask unanimous consent be 
    included in the Record in its entirety at this point.
        The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman 
    from Pennsylvania?
        There was no objection.
        The correspondence referred to is as follows:

                                         House of Representatives,
                                 Washington, DC, January 31, 1991.
                                              Hon. William H. Brown,
            Parliamentarian, House of Representatives, The Capitol, 
                                                     Washington, DC.

        Dear Bill: I am writing with regard to H. Res. 43, providing 
    for the election of Members of standing committees of the House, 
    agreed to on Thursday, January 24. The paragraph listing Members 
    elected to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs includes 
    the following language:
        Provided, That the powers and duties conferred upon the 
    chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs by the 
    House rules shall be exercised by the Vice Chairman thereof until 
    otherwise ordered by the House.
        In this connection, I am interested in receiving your responses 
    to the following questions: (1) has this language or any similar 
    language ever appeared in a resolution providing for the election 
    of Members to House committees? (2) what precisely does this 
    proviso mean? and (3) why wasn't the minority informed about the 
    inclusion in the resolution of this language?
        Your assistance will be appreciated. I look forward to hearing 
    from you at your earliest opportunity.
        Sincerely,
                                                 Robert S. Walker.



                                            The Speaker's Rooms,
                                         House of Representatives,
                                 Washington, DC, February 1, 1991.
                                              Hon. Robert S. Walker,
                                           House of Representatives,
                                                     Washington, DC.

        Dear Bob: In your letter of January 31, 1991, you inquire about 
    the meaning of and the circumstances surrounding the inclusion in 
    H. Res. 43 on January 24, 1991 of the proviso electing Members to 
    the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs which states that 
    ``the powers and duties conferred upon the chairman of the 
    Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs by the House rules shall 
    be exercised by the Vice Chairman thereof until otherwise ordered 
    by the House.''
        To my knowledge, a precedent for this type of resolution 
    occurred on March 18, 1954 where the House agreed to a resolution 
    permitting the powers and duties conferred on the chairman of a 
    standing committee to be exercised during the absence of the 
    chairman by the next ranking majority members thereof until 
    otherwise ordered by the House. (Deschler's Precedents, Vol. 4, Ch. 
    17, sec.17.5). On that occasion, Speaker Martin recognized Majority 
    Leader Halleck to call up the resolution by unanimous consent 
    during the 83d Congress after the committees had been elected. The 
    Parliamentarian's note following that precedent suggests that the 
    resolution may have been necessary because the Chairman of the 
    Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries was unable to perform 
    the duties of signing subpenas, vouchers, and appointing 
    subcommittee due to illness.
        While clause 6(b) of Rule XI provides that in the temporary 
    absence of the chairman the Vice Chairman shall act as chairman, it 
    would appear that the language included in H. Res. 43 would impose 
    upon the House the responsibility of determining when the chairman 
    of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs should resume his 
    powers and duties. Although I am not aware of any precedent for 
    inclusion of such language in an initial resolution electing 
    members to committees, it does appear that the House has at least 
    in one case taken this step when a chairman's disability developed 
    during the course of a Congress after he had been elected. The 
    inclusion of this provision in the resolution electing the majority 
    members was the responsibility of the majority party caucus and was 
    presumably undertaken as a matter incidental to the election and 
    consequent empowerment of Representative Udall as chairman in that 
    same resolution. I am not aware of the extent of consultation, if 
    any, between the majority and minority leadership on this question, 
    although it was presented as part of the privileged resolution 
    electing members presented by the majority party caucus pursuant to 
    clause 6(a), Rule X.
        I will be glad to discuss this question with you further at 
    your convenience.

            Sincerely,
                                                       Bill Brown.

        Mr. WALKER. In that letter he says that the proviso included in 
    House Resolution 43 imposed additionally on the House the 
    responsibility to determine when the chairman of the committee 
    should resume his powers and duties.
        Who will make that decision?
        The SPEAKER. It would, under this provision, require the House 
    to make a determination as to the time at which the full authority 
    of Mr. Udall as chairman would be restored. It is true that House 
    rules provide that, in the temporary absence of the chairman, the 
    vice chairman of the committee should assume responsibility. But in 
    a situation with which the House is presently involved, the absence 
    of the distinguished chairman of the committee is for a period of 
    time that is presently not known and it was thought advisable to 
    confer more specific authority on the vice chairman of the 
    committee to carry on the duties of the chairman until the House 
    should otherwise order and determine.
        Mr. WALKER. I have a further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker.
        We have established that a subsequent order of the House will 
    be necessary to restore powers and duties to the chairman of the 
    committee. Would such a subsequent order take the form of a 
    privileged resolution that could be called up at the direction of 
    the majority party caucus or the minority party conference?
        The SPEAKER. If called by the direction of the majority caucus, 
    it would be privileged under clause 6(a)(1) of rule X. Such a 
    privilege attaches to the minority conference only when making 
    recommendations with regard to the assignment of its Members to 
    committees or the election of its members to committees.
        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.

Sec. 8.3 Although the party caucuses may have seniority rules regarding 
    ``temporary'' resignations from committee assignments, the House 
    does not take cognizance of such a distinction and will thus treat 
    any resignation from a committee as permanent.(33)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Parliamentarian's Note: A Democratic Caucus rule permitted 
        ``temporary'' resignations from committees so that the 
        resigning Member could serve on another committee without any 
        loss of seniority with respect to the committee from which such 
        Member resigned. However, the House does not accept any 
        qualifications with respect to resignations from committees, 
        and any return to a committee from which a Member 
        ``temporarily'' resigned would need to be accomplished via a 
        new committee election resolution. For a similar rule see Rules 
        Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 105th Cong., Rule 
        19(C).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 19, 1994,(34) the following resignations were 
laid before the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 140 Cong. Rec. 11040-41, 103d Cong. 2d Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 37 Sec. 6.3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          TEMPORARY RESIGNATIONS AS MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, 
                             SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    resignations as members of the Committee on Science, Space, and 
    Technology:

                                         House of Representatives,
                                Washington, DC, February 10, 1994.
                                               Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
              The Speaker, House of Representatives, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I hereby submit my temporary resignation as a 
    Member of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology in order 
    to serve on the Committee on the Budget. It is my understand that 
    my seniority status on the Committee on Science, Space, and 
    Technology will be protected during my tenure on the Budget 
    Committee.

            Sincerely,
                                                  Lynn C. Woolsey.



                                         House of Representatives,
                                     Washington, DC, May 12, 1994.
                                               Hon. Thomas S. Foley,
            Speaker of the House of Representatives, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: I hereby submit my temporary resignation as a 
    member of the Committee on Science, Space and Technology in order 
    that I may serve on the Committee on the Budget. It is my 
    understanding that my seniority status on the Committee on Science, 
    Space and Technology will be protected during my tenure on the 
    Budget Committee.

            Sincerely,
                                                     Glen Browder.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the resignations 
    are accepted.
        There was no objection.

Independent and Third-Party Members

Sec. 8.4 The House agreed to a privileged resolution submitted by 
    direction of the majority party caucus electing an independent 
    Member who caucused with that party to a standing committee.

    On January 6, 2001,(35) the following committee election 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 147 Cong. Rec. 116, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               ELECTION OF MEMBER TO COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

        Mr. [Porter] GOSS [of Florida]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of 
    the Republican conference, I offer a privileged resolution (H. Res. 
    20) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 20

  Resolved, That the following Member be, and he is hereby, elected to the 
following standing committee of the House of Representatives:

  Committee on Appropriations: Mr. Goode.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 8.5 The House agreed to a privileged resolution submitted by 
    direction of the minority party caucus electing an independent 
    Member who caucused with that party to a standing committee.

    On January 26, 2005,(36) the following committee 
election resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 151 Cong. Rec. 808, 109th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ELECTION OF MINORITY MEMBER TO COMMITTEE ON FINANCIAL SERVICES 
                       AND COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM

        Mr. [Robert] MENENDEZ [of New Jersey]. Mr. Speaker, by 
    direction of the Democratic Caucus, I offer a privileged resolution 
    (H. Res. 50) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 50

  Resolved,  That the following named Member be and is hereby elected to 
the following standing committees of the House of Representatives:

  (1) Committee on financial services.--Mr. Sanders (to rank immediately 
after Ms. Waters).

  (2) Committee on government reform.--Mr. Sanders (to rank immediately 
after Mr. Kanjorski).

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Consultation

Sec. 8.6 In response to parliamentary inquiries, the Speaker indicated 
    that, while there was no explicit rule requiring consultation, he 
    would nevertheless consult with the Minority Leader before 
    exercising his authority with respect to the removal of minority 
    party Members from a conference committee.

    On February 3, 1993,(37) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. 139 Cong. Rec. 1959, 103d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON 
                                  INTELLIGENCE

        The SPEAKER.(38) Pursuant to the provisions of 
    clause 1 of rule XLVIII and clause 6(f) of rule X, the Chair 
    appoints as members of the Permanent Select Committee on 
    Intelligence the following Members of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, if I might be 
    recognized to pose a question to the Speaker, I wonder, under the 
    new rules of the House that were adopted on opening day, could the 
    Speaker explain his authority for appointing and removing Members 
    from this select committee?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair would advise the Member that the rules 
    of the House as adopted on the opening day provide, in section 6(f) 
    of rule X, that--

        (f) The Speaker shall appoint all select and conference 
    committees which shall be ordered by the House from time to time. 
    At any time after an original appointment, the Speaker may remove 
    Members or appoint additional Members to select and conference 
    committees. In appointing members to conference committees the 
    Speaker shall appoint no less than a majority of members who 
    generally supported the House position as determined by the 
    Speaker. The Speaker shall name Members who are primarily 
    responsible for the legislation and shall, to the fullest extent 
    feasible, include the principal proponents of the major provisions 
    of the bill as it passed the House.

        The Chair's interpretation of this rule is that, as in previous 
    iterations of this rule in previous Congresses, there is in the 
    appointment authority to conference and select committees by the 
    Speaker no requirement, as such, for consultation with the minority 
    or any other Members of the House, but it has been the constant 
    practice of Speakers to consult with the minority leadership, 
    particularly the minority or Republican leader, on the appointment 
    of Members from the minority to such select and to such conference 
    committees.
        The view of the Chair is that although the rule is similar to 
    previous rules in the terms of appointment, it adds an additional 
    authority to remove Members or to add additional Members not found 
    in previous rules.
        It is the Chair's opinion that the practice of comity should be 
    continued, and while the Chair will not state that there are no 
    circumstances in which he would not remove a Member, including a 
    minority Member, from a select or conference committee, it is the 
    anticipation that the Chair would no more indulge in a removal 
    without the consultation and the permission of the minority with 
    respect to minority Members than he would appoint without 
    consultation and the recommendation of the minority.
        To state again, the Chair is not saying in every case he will 
    never consider removing a Member, either of the majority or 
    minority, but he would always do that with consultation, and for 
    the vast majority, in virtually unanimous circumstances, it would 
    be with the recommendation and/or the acquiescence or approval of 
    the minority with respect to minority Members.
        Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I certainly appreciate that 
    clarification. Naturally we would prefer that there be never any 
    circumstance, but we understand that it is your intention, then, to 
    continue, as has been done in the past, to consult with the 
    minority leader on either the appointment or the removal of any 
    Republican member of any of those committees.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct.
        Mr. SOLOMON. I thank the Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The appointees are as follows: Mr. Glickman of 
    Kansas, chairman; Mr. Richardson of New Mexico; Mr. Dicks of 
    Washington; Mr. Dixon of California; Mr. Torricelli of New Jersey; 
    Mr. Coleman of Texas; Mr. Skaggs of Colorado; Mr. Bilbray of 
    Nevada; Ms. Pelosi of California; Mr. Laughlin of Texas; Mr. Cramer 
    of Alabama; Mr. Reed of Rhode Island; Mr. Combest of Texas; Mr. 
    Bereuter of Nebraska; Mr. Dornan of California; Mr. Young of 
    Florida; Mr. Gekas of Pennsylvania; Mr. Hansen of Utah; and Mr. 
    Lewis of California.

Special Committee Membership Rules

Sec. 8.7 The Majority Leader, pursuant to clause 4(e)(3) of rule 
    X,(39) appointed a Member to the Select Committee on 
    Ethics to replace a resigning Member.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 105th Congress, a Select Committee 
        on Ethics was established to resolve a specific inquiry 
        regarding the Speaker of the House commenced in the prior 
        Congress. By House rule (only applicable for part of the 105th 
        Congress), any vacancy on the select committee was to be filled 
        by the ``Leader of the party concerned.'' H. Res. 5, 143 Cong. 
        Rec. 122, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 1997). The Speaker 
        would normally appoint all members of select committees, but as 
        the Speaker himself was the subject of the inquiry, this 
        provision regarding filling vacancies by party floor leaders 
        was included.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 9, 1997,(40) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. 144 Cong. Rec. 278, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM HON. JIM BUNNING, MEMBER OF CONGRESS

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Honorable Jim Bunning, Member of Congress:
                                  Congress of the United States,
                                         House of Representatives,
                                  Washington, DC, January 8, 1997.
                        The Speaker of the House of Representatives,
                                        The Capitol, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: This is to notify you that I consider my 
    service as a member of the Ethics Committee complete.

            Best personal regards,
                                                      Jim Bunning,
  Member of Congress.                          -------------------

              APPOINTMENT OF MEMBER TO SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS

        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to clause 
    4(e)(3) of rule X, I hereby appoint the Honorable Lamar Smith of 
    Texas to fill a vacancy on the Select Committee on Ethics.

Sec. 8.8 The House by unanimous consent prescribed the size of the 
    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence as not more than 20 (of 
    whom not more than 11 may be from the same party) notwithstanding 
    the committee membership requirements in clause 11(a)(1) of rule 
    X.(41)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2001,(42) the following unanimous-consent 
request was transacted to alter the composition of the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 147 Cong. Rec. 115, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           COMPOSITION OF PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE

        Mr. [Porter] GOSS [of Florida]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that, notwithstanding the requirement of clause 11(a)1 of 
    rule X, the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence be composed 
    of not more than 20 Members, Delegates, or the Resident 
    Commissioner, of whom not more than 11 be from the same party.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(43) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Florida?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Ray H. LaHood (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.

Affiliation with Party Organization

Sec. 8.9 Under clause 5(b) of rule X,(44) membership on a 
    standing committee is contingent on continuing membership in the 
    party caucus that nominated the Member for election thereto, and 
    when a Member ceases to be a member of a party caucus: (1) the 
    chair of the caucus notifies the Speaker; (2) the Speaker notifies 
    the chairs of each standing committee to which the Member was 
    elected that the Member's election to the committee is 
    automatically vacated; and (3) the Speaker lays before the House 
    communications regarding these actions for the information of the 
    body.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. House Rules and Manual Sec. 760 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 23, 2009,(45) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. 155 Cong. Rec. 33067, 111th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 130 Cong. Rec. 
        24790, 24791, 98th Cong. 2d Sess. (Sept. 11, 1984).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             COMMUNICATION FROM THE HON. JOHN B. LARSON, CHAIRMAN, 
                               DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Honorable John B. Larson, Chairman, 
    Democratic Caucus:

                                              Democratic Caucus,
                                         House of Representatives,
                                Washington, DC, December 23, 2009.
                                                  Hon. Nancy Pelosi,
                  Speaker of the House, U.S. Capitol, Washington DC.

        Dear Madam Speaker: This is to notify you that the Honorable 
    Parker Griffith of Alabama has resigned as a Member of the 
    Democratic Caucus.

            Sincerely,
                                                   John B. Larson,
            Chairman.                          -------------------

                         COMMUNICATION FROM THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                         House of Representatives,
                                                December 23, 2009.
                                             Hon. James L. Oberstar,
          Chairman, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 
                      Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Chair: This is to advise you that Representative 
    Parker Griffith's election to the Committee on Transportation and 
    Infrastructure has been automatically vacated pursuant to clause 
    5(b) of rule X effective today.

            Best regards,
                                                     Nancy Pelosi,
Speaker of the House.                          -------------------

                         COMMUNICATION FROM THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                         House of Representatives,
                                                December 23, 2009.
                                            Hon. Nydia M. Velazquez,
        Chairman, Committee on Small Business, Rayburn House Office 
                                           Building, Washington, DC.

        Dear Madam Chair: This is to advise you that Representative 
    Parker Griffith's election to the Committee on Small Business has 
    been automatically vacated pursuant to clause 5(b) of rule X 
    effective today.
                                                     Nancy Pelosi,
Speaker of the House.                          -------------------

                         COMMUNICATION FROM THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following 
    communication from the Speaker:

                                         House of Representatives,
                                                December 23, 2009.
                                                   Hon. Bart Gordon,
        Chairman, Committee on Science and Technology, Rayburn House 
                                    Office Building, Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Chair: This is to advise you that Representative 
    Parker Griffith's election to the Committee on Science and 
    Technology has been automatically vacated pursuant to clause 5(b) 
    of rule X effective today.

            Best regards,
                                                     Nancy Pelosi,
                                             Speaker of the House.



Sec. 9. Committee Size and Ratios; Limitations on Service

    The number of Members who serve on each standing committee of the 
House is not a matter set forth in the standing rules. Rather, the size 
of each committee is determined by the committee election resolution 
offered at the direction of each of the major party organizations. 
Thus, it is the content of those resolutions, rather than any rule or 
precedent of the House, that determines the total number of Members 
serving on each committee.(1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: As noted above, some committees of the 
        House have specific membership requirements which may affect 
        the overall number of Members serving on said committees, as 
        well as the ratio of majority party to minority party members. 
        See Sec. 8, supra. For an example of an ad hoc adjustment to 
        the composition of the Permanent Select Committee on 
        Intelligence, see Sec. 8.8, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The party ratios on each standing committee are negotiated between 
the parties at the beginning of a Congress and generally reflect the 
overall party ratio of Members in the House.(2) Like the 
overall size of a committee, the party ratio of a particular committee 
is determined on the basis of committee election resolutions adopted by 
the House (rather than being set forth in a rule or precedent of the 
House). Party ratios on subcommittees are not addressed by the rules of 
the House either, but typically reflect the overall party ratios in the 
House as well.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. So, for example, if one party held 40% of all seats in the House, 
        that party's members would traditionally occupy roughly 40% of 
        the seats on each committee.
 3. For a question of the privileges of the House regarding 
        subcommittee ratios, see Sec. 9.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Limitations on Service

    The standing rules of the House provide two different types of 
limitations on Members' service on committees and 
subcommittees.(4) First, there are restrictions on how many 
committees and subcommittees a Member may serve on 
simultaneously.(5) Second, there are limitations on how long 
(i.e. how many Congresses) a Member may serve on committees. This 
latter restriction applies only to chairs of committees (with the 
exception of the Committee on Rules),(6) and to membership 
generally on three specific committees: the Committee on 
Ethics,(7) the Committee on the Budget,(8) and 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. For more on committee service generally, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 17 Sec. Sec. 8-12 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 17.
 5. Rule X, clause 5(b)(2)(A), House Rules and Manual Sec. 760 (2017).
 6. Rule X, clause 5(c)(2), House Rules and Manual Sec. 761 (2017).
 7. A Member may not serve on the Committee on Ethics for more than 
        three Congresses in a period of five successive Congresses. 
        Rule X, clause 5(a)(3)(B), House Rules and Manual Sec. 759 
        (2017).
 8. Subject to certain exceptions, a Member may not serve on the 
        Committee on the Budget for more than four Congresses in a 
        period of six successive Congresses. Rule X, clause 5(a)(2)(B), 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 758 (2017).
 9. Subject to certain exceptions, a Member may not serve on the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence for more than four 
        Congresses in a period of six successive Congresses. Rule X, 
        clause 11(a)(4), House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    These limitations on committee service mirror (and often derive 
from) similar restrictions put in place by each of the two major party 
organizations.(10) Both parties have adopted Caucus or 
Conference rules that place additional restrictions on simultaneous 
service on committees and special limitations on service on the same 
committee over the course of multiple Congresses.(11) Thus, 
a Member may resign from (or be precluded from serving on) certain 
committees or subcommittees in consonance with party caucus rules, even 
though such Member would not be so restricted by the standing rules of 
the House.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Parliamentarian's Note: In the years leading up to the 104th 
        Congress, the Republican Conference began to advocate for the 
        idea of term limits for Members of Congress, including 
        limitations on the the number of Congresses in which a Member 
        could serve as Speaker of the House, and limitations on service 
        for committee and subcommittee chairs. In the 104th Congress, 
        the Republican party became the majority party and many of 
        these provisions regarding term limits were codified in the 
        standing rules of the House. Although some of these limitations 
        have since been repealed (for example, term limits for the 
        Speaker were eliminated in the 108th Congress), most committee 
        service limitations from that time remain in place.
11. Rules Committee Print 115-37, Democratic Caucus, 115th Cong., Rule 
        22 and Republican Conference, 115th Cong., Rule 15.
12. For examples of Members resigning from committees to comply with 
        caucus rules (prior to the advent of similar House rules), see 
        121 Cong. Rec. 2369, 94th Cong. 1st Sess. (Feb. 5, 1975) and 
        125 Cong. Rec. 16964, 16965, 96th Cong. 1st Sess. (June 27, 
        1979). For an example of a Member resigning from the Permanent 
        Select Committee on Intelligence to comply with caucus rules 
        regarding simultaneous service on committees, see 147 Cong. 
        Rec. 6299, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. (Apr. 26, 2001).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 9.1 A resolution asserting that the ratio of minority party 
    representation on various subcommittees was less than the ratio of 
    representation on full committees (to the disadvantage of 
    constituents of minority party Members) and resolving that each 
    subcommittee of the House should be constituted in a ratio 
    proportionate to the membership on the full committees, was held to 
    constitute a question of the privileges of the House.

    On October 4, 1984,(13) the following resolution was 
offered as a question of the privileges of the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 130 Cong. Rec. 30042, 30043, 98th Cong. 2d Sess. For a similar 
        resolution determined not to qualify as a question of the 
        privileges of the House, see 130 Cong. Rec. 78, 98th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Jan. 23, 1984).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              PRIVILEGED RESOLUTION CONCERNING SUBCOMMITTEE RATIOS

        Mr. [William] DANNEMEYER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I offer 
    a privileged resolution (H. Res. 603) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(14) The Clerk will report 
    the resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 603

  Whereas the ratio of Republicans to Democrats on the full Committee on 
Energy and Commerce is 15 to 27;

  Whereas the ratio of Republicans to Democrats on several subcommittees of 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce is 6 to 13;

  Whereas the ratio of Republicans to Democrats on other subcommittees of 
the House is lower than that of their respective full committees;

  Whereas disproportionate ratios of Republicans to Democrats deny 
Republican members fair representation on subcommittees of the House of 
Representatives:

  Whereas denial of fair representation on subcommittees disadvantages the 
constituents of the Republican members of those subcommittees and is, 
therefore, inconsistent with the doctrine of ``one man, one vote'';

  Whereas the House of Representatives is almost unique amongst the 
parliamentary bodies of the world in not having truly proportional 
representation on its subcommittees;

  Whereas these disproportionate and inequitable subcommittee ratios can 
adversely affect the rights of all Members of the House, not just the 
Republicans; and

  Whereas circumstances disadvantaging Members individually adversely 
affect the integrity of the proceedings generally: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved, That each subcommittee of each standing and select committee of 
the House should be constituted with its membership In a ratio which is 
proportionate to the membership of the two political parties in each 
committee of the House.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from California [Mr. 
    Dannemeyer] has stated a question of privilege.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Washington [Mr. Foley].

                          motion offered by mr. foley

        Mr. [Thomas] FOLEY [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    motion at the desk which I offer.
        The Clerk read as follows:
        Mr. Foley moves to lay the resolution of the gentleman from 
    California [Mr. Dannemeyer] on the table.

                            parliamentary inquiries

        Mr. DANNEMEYER. I have a parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Under the rules of the House, is the motion to 
    table debatable?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. No, the Chair will state that a motion 
    to table is not debatable.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. A further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. 
    Is the motion that the privileged resolution of the gentleman from 
    California has filed at the desk in a form that would make it 
    immune from the requests or the observation of the suggestion that 
    it is subject to a point of order?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has already stated no point 
    of order was offered, that in the opinion of the Chair the 
    resolution is indeed in such a form as to qualify as a question of 
    privileges of the House.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. A further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. 
    What is the policy reason that would prevent a Member from this 
    body consistent with the comments of our distinguished majority 
    leader of yesterday talking about the fairness of this institution 
    and all for which__
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would state that the 
    question being propounded by the gentleman from California [Mr. 
    Dannemeyer] is not a parliamentary inquiry as surely the gentleman 
    from California is aware.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Well, it is a further parliamentary inquiry, 
    Mr. Speaker, that sometimes it is difficult, the Speaker is such a 
    bright and learned gentleman, I suppose it is no mystery that the 
    gentleman that is the Speaker right now could figure out what I was 
    going to say before I could say it in order to say that it is not a 
    parliamentary inquiry. I am not surprised.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. I have a parliamentary 
    inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr, WALKER. Would it be possible, by unanimous consent, to get 
    30 minutes of debate time on the motion to table?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will state that a motion to 
    table under the rules of the House is not debatable, 
    notwithstanding that fact, that would be possible by unanimous 
    consent, of course.
        Mr. WALKER. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent 
    that the motion to table be debated for 30 minutes.
        Mr. FOLEY. Reserving the right to object, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard to the request.
        Mr. WALKER. Could the Chair indicate who objected, please?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair identifies several Members 
    having objected and the question would occur__
        Mr. WALKER. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        Who will the Record show tomorrow, objected?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Record would show the gentleman 
    from New York [Mr. Weiss], the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. 
    Donnelly], the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. Mitchell], the 
    gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Durbin]; several Members have 
    registered objections.
        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from Washington [Mr. Foley] to table the 
    privileged resolution offered by the gentleman from California [Mr. 
    Dannemeyer].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
    nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were_yeas 
    251, nays 158, not voting 23, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 444] . . .

        So the motion to table was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.



Sec. 10. Committee Procedures and Staff

    The standing rules of the House regarding committee procedure often 
specify certain rights or privileges for minority party Members of the 
committee.(1) With respect to committee reports, House rules 
provide that Members who do not wish to endorse the report may instead 
file ``supplemental, minority, additional, or dissenting views'' on the 
underlying legislation.(2) Similarly, separate views are 
permitted with respect to investigative or oversight reports filed at 
the end of a session of Congress under clause 1(b)(4) of rule 
XI.(3) With respect to hearings, House rules provide that 
the minority members of the committee may request that one day of 
hearings be scheduled to call witnesses selected by the minority 
party.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: Committee chairs are always members of the 
        majority party and exercise many different authorities, 
        particularly in the area of establishing the agenda for 
        business of the committee. Thus, these rules regarding minority 
        party members serve to protect their rights against those of 
        the majority party.
 2. Rule XI, clause 2(l), House Rules and Manual Sec. 804 (2017). 
        Clauses 2(c) and 3(a)(1)(A) provide that any such separate 
        views be included in the report filed by the committee. House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 836, 837 (2017). For more on 
        committee reports generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 17 
        Sec. Sec. 58-64 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 17.
 3. House Rules and Manual Sec. 788 (2017).
 4. Rule XI, clause 2(j)(1), House Rules and Manual Sec. 802 (2017). 
        For more on committee hearings generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 15 Sec. Sec. 6-16 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        15.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Other rules of the House regarding committees contemplate joint 
action by the chair and ranking minority member of the committee or 
joint notification procedures. For example, if the chair determines 
there is good cause to hold a hearing sooner than previously announced, 
the chair may, with the concurrence of the ranking minority member, 
schedule that hearing for an earlier date or time.(5) Joint 
approval by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on 
House Administration is required for the release of funds to settle 
complaints under the Congressional Accountability Act, pursuant to 
clause 4(d)(2) of rule X.(6) Both the chair and the ranking 
minority member of the Committee on House Administration are informed 
by the Clerk when a determination is made that House records should not 
be made public, pursuant to clause 4(a) of rule VII.(7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. Rule XI, clause 2(g)(3)(B), House Rules and Manual Sec. 798 (2017).
 6. House Rules and Manual Sec. 754 (2017).
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 695 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Several House rules regarding committee procedure provide that 
members of the minority party be permitted to participate in committee 
business on an equitable basis. Under clause 4(c) of rule X, the 
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform may adopt a rule regarding 
the taking of depositions by members and staff. If such a rule is 
adopted, it must provide that ``minority members and staff are accorded 
equitable treatment with respect to notice of and reasonable 
opportunity to participate in'' any such depositions.(8) 
Pursuant to clause 2(j)(2) of rule XI, a committee may adopt a rule or 
motion allowing extended questioning of witnesses by Members or staff. 
If such procedures are adopted, they must provide that the time thus 
provided (to Members or staff) be ``equal for the majority party and 
the minority party.''(9) Clause 11(g)(2) of rule X permits 
the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence to recommend to the 
House that certain classified material be disclosed to the public. If 
such a question comes before the House pursuant to the provisions of 
the rule, debate time on the question ``shall be limited to two hours 
equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member 
of the select committee.''(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. House Rules and Manual Sec. 749a (2017).
 9. House Rules and Manual Sec. 802 (2017).
10. House Rules and Manual Sec. 785 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted elsewhere, the Committee on Ethics is a unique bipartisan 
committee of the House, and as such is required by House rules to 
undertake many of its functions on a bipartisan basis. Many of these 
rules contemplate joint actions by (or consultation between) the chair 
and ranking minority member of the committee prior to taking certain 
actions.(11) If a Member is disqualified (because of 
personal interest) from participating in certain matters before the 
committee, House rules provide that the Speaker replace that Member 
with another Member of the same political party.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Clauses 3(b), 3(f), 3(g), and 3(i)-(m) of rule XI all contain 
        provisions requiring joint action or consultation between the 
        chair and the ranking minority member of the Committee on 
        Ethics. House Rules and Manual Sec. 806 (2017). Under clause 
        15(c) of rule XXIII, the chair and ranking minority member of 
        the Committee on Ethics may jointly waive the travel 
        restrictions of that rule. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1095 
        (2017). For more on the Committee on Ethics and its procedures, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 12 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        12.
12. Rule XI, clause 3(b)(3), House Rules and Manual Sec. 806 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House provides resources to its committees, which includes 
funding for staff, equipment, facilities, and other administrative 
expenses. Several House rules require that such resources be divided on 
a partisan basis to members of the committee. For example, clause 6(d) 
of rule X(13) provides that the minority party be ``treated 
fairly in the appointment'' of subcommittee staff made available to the 
subcommittee by the chair of the committee. Clause 9(a)(1) of rule 
X(14) provides that each professional staff of a committee 
be assigned to either the chair of the committee or the ranking 
minority member. Clause 9(a)(2) of rule X(15) outlines 
procedures by which a majority of the minority party members of a 
committee may select one-third of the professional staff of the 
committee. Clause 9(d) of rule X(16) provides special 
staffing requirements for the Committee on Appropriations, including 
the appointment of ``assistants for the minority.'' Clause 9(f) of rule 
X(17) provides procedures for filling vacancies in minority 
party professional staff positions, while clause 9(g) of rule 
X(18) provides that minority staff shall be accorded 
``equitable treatment'' with regard to salaries, work facilities, and 
access to committee records. Clause 9(i) of rule X(19) 
permits a committee to employ nonpartisan staff by an affirmative vote 
of a majority of the majority party committee members and a majority of 
the minority party committee members.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. House Rules and Manual Sec. 767 (2017).
14. House Rules and Manual Sec. 771 (2017).
15. House Rules and Manual Sec. 773 (2017).
16. House Rules and Manual Sec. 778 (2017).
17. House Rules and Manual Sec. 779 (2017).
18. Id.
19. House Rules and Manual Sec. 780 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



                    D. Party Affiliation and Debate



Sec. 11. Recognition for Debate Based on Party Affiliation

    The standing rules of the House contain many provisions relating to 
the division of debate time among Members. In many cases, debate time 
is allocated to Members on the basis of their attitude towards the 
pending proposition_i.e., proponents and opponents.(1) But 
certain rules explicitly allocate debate time on a partisan basis. 
These rules may give party leaders an exclusive right to claim debate 
time on a particular matter, or divide a set period of time for debate 
equally between the parties. Established precedents of the House may 
also confer priority in recognition to Members of the majority party or 
the minority party.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: Dividing debate time between proponents and 
        opponents often has the practical effect of dividing time 
        between the two major parties. For example, the chair of the 
        reporting committee (a majority party member) will often be 
        recognized to manage general debate on a measure in the 
        Committee of the Whole, while his or her counterpart on the 
        committee (the ranking minority party member) will claim time 
        allocated to the opposition. For more on managerial 
        prerogatives regarding debate time, see Deschler's Precedents 
        Ch. 29 Sec. 7, Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29, and House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 959 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted above, the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader are 
sometimes granted exclusive authority by rule to claim debate time on a 
particular matter.(2) Other rules provide that debate time 
be allocated on a partisan basis, but do not provide special privileges 
to the party floor leaders. For example, pursuant to clause 8(d)(1) of 
rule XXII,(3) debate time on conference reports is ``equally 
divided between the majority and minority parties.'' The rule further 
provides that if both the majority Member and minority Member support 
the proposition, the time may be divided three ways and an opponent 
allowed to claim one-third of the time.(4) The same basic 
scheme for allocating debate time applies to motions to instruct 
conferees under clause 7(b)(1) of rule XXII(5)_equal 
division between the parties, subject to a possible three-way split if 
neither party's Member is in opposition to the motion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. See Sec. 6, supra.
 3. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1086 (2017).
 4. Rule XXII, clause 8(d)(2), House Rules and Manual Sec. 1086 (2017).
 5. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1078 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With regard to Senate amendments reported in disagreement by a 
conference committee, the same rule regarding conference reports also 
explicitly divides debate time on motions to dispose of such amendments 
on a partisan basis.(6) Further, the custom has developed to 
utilize this same scheme for control of debate time on all motions to 
dispose of amendments emerging from conference in disagreement, no 
matter how such amendments come before the House.(7) Thus, 
division of debate time equally between the parties applies, for 
example, to amendments in disagreement before the House following 
rejection of a conference report (by a negative vote on the conference 
report, or point of order sustained against the conference 
report).(8) A three-way division is also possible on such 
motions if both party Members support the motion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. Rule XXII, clause 8(d)(1), House Rules and Manual Sec. 1086 (2017).
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1086 (2017).
 8. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Congressional Budget Act contains many congressional procedures 
to expedite consideration of the concurrent resolution on the budget 
and other budget-related legislation.(9) Some of these 
procedures explicitly contemplate partisan affiliation as a basis for 
allocating time for debate. For example, general debate on a concurrent 
resolution on the budget in the House is set at ten hours, ``divided 
equally between the majority and minority parties.''(10) 
Similarly, debate on a conference report on a budget resolution is set 
at five hours, ``divided equally between the majority and minority 
parties.''(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. For more on the Congressional Budget Act generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 41.
10. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 636(a)(2).
11. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 636(a)(6).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Other miscellaneous provisions in the standing rules of the House 
acknowledge the role of the two major party organizations in managing 
debate on the floor of the House. One such provision requires copies of 
amendments offered in the Committee of the Whole to be distributed to 
the party committee tables on the House floor and to the respective 
cloakrooms.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Rule XVIII, clause 5(b), House Rules and Manual Sec. 978 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Apart from explicit references to party affiliation in the standing 
rules of the House, many precedents of the House also acknowledge party 
affiliation as a basis on which to accord priority in recognition. 
Under clause 2(a) of rule XIX,(13) priority to offer a 
motion to recommit is granted to any opponent of the underlying 
measure. However, under the established precedents, the Chair will look 
first to the Minority Leader or a designee to offer the initial 
motion.(14) If the Minority Leader or a designee does not 
seek recognition, the Chair will accord priority in recognition first 
to minority members of the reporting committee (in the order of their 
rank on the committee), and then to noncommittee minority 
Members.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1001 (2017).
14. Parliamentarian's Note: The preference given to the Minority Leader 
        in this circumstance derives from clause 6(c) of rule XIII, 
        which prohibits the Committee on Rules from reporting a special 
        order of business that would prevent a motion to recommit from 
        being offered by the Minority Leader. House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 857 (2017).
15. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1002c (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Motions to instruct conferees are not explicitly a prerogative of 
the minority party under House rules, but under established precedents, 
the Chair will look to the ranking minority member of the reporting 
committee first to offer this motion.(16) Minority committee 
Members have priority over both majority committee 
Members(17) and noncommittee Members from the minority 
party.(18) If two minority members of the committee seek 
recognition, the Chair will accord priority to the more senior 
member.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 23.62 and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 33 Sec. 11.1.
            Parliamentarian's Note: Where conferees have been appointed 
        for 45 calendar days and, concurrently 25 legislative days and 
        have failed to file a report, motions to instruct House 
        managers are in order. Recognition to offer such motion does 
        not depend on party affiliation. See House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 1079 (2017).
17. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 33 Sec. 11.2.
18. Deschler's Precedents Ch. 33 Sec. 11.3.
19. See Sec. 11.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With regard to motions to suspend the rules, debate time is 
allocated on the basis of attitude towards the motion: 20 minutes for a 
proponent and 20 minutes for an opponent.(20) Precedents 
established under this rule provide for resolving conflicts if more 
than one Member claims time in opposition. The Chair will first look to 
committee members (of either party), and then to minority party 
members.(21)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Rule XV, clause 1(c), House Rules and Manual Sec. 891 (2017).
21. See Sec. 11.2, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Finally, there are various circumstances in which the Chair will 
endeavor to alternate recognition between members of each party (rather 
than alternating between Members in support and Members in 
opposition).(22) When offering amendments in the Committee 
of the Whole (including pro forma amendments),(23) the Chair 
will generally recognize Members on a partisan basis, alternating 
recognition between the two parties.(24) Non-legislative 
debate in the House also tends to proceed on the basis of alternating 
recognition between the parties.(25) During debate in the 
Committee of the Whole under the five-minute rule, the Chair may 
announce an intention to give priority to the floor leaders should they 
seek recognition (as an exercise of the Chair's discretionary power of 
recognition).(26)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Parliamentarian's Note: The Chair is often unaware of a given 
        Member's attitude toward the pending proposition, making 
        alternation between sides of the question difficult as a 
        practical matter. In such cases, alternating between the two 
        parties serves as an imprecise but acceptable proxy.
23. See Sec. 11.4, infra.
24. See Sec. 11.3, infra.
25. See Sec. 12, infra.
26. See Sec. 11.5, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 11.1 Where two minority members of the committee which had 
    reported a bill seek recognition to offer a motion to instruct 
    conferees, the Chair will recognize the senior minority member of 
    that committee seeking recognition.

    On February 17, 1988,(27) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. 134 Cong. Rec. 1583, 1584, 100th Cong. 2d Sess. For a similar 
        instance, see 132 Cong. Rec. 30181, 99th Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 
        10, 1986).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES ON H.R. 5, SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT ACT 
                                    OF 1987

        The SPEAKER.(28) For what purpose does the gentleman 
    from California seek recognition?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [William] DANNEMEYER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    motion at the desk to instruct conferees.
        The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman from Illinois 
    [Mr. Madigan] rise?

                            parliamentary inquiries

        Mr. [Edward] MADIGAN [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it.

        Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker, it was my understanding that before 
    any consideration would be given to a motion to instruct conferees 
    that the Speaker was going to conclude the 1-minute speeches.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair would like to accommodate Members 
    seeking to be heard on the 1-minute rule but under the rule a 
    motion such as would be proposed, as the Chair understands it, to 
    instruct conferees would take precedence if a Member sought to 
    press that matter at this time and under the rule would be more 
    privileged.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, that is my request.
        Mr. MADIGAN. Further pursuing my parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker, does the Chair then as a matter of custom in the House 
    recognize people on the basis of seniority with regard to committee 
    assignments on matters such as this?
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct. If two or more Members 
    seek recognition for motions of equal privilege, it would be the 
    custom of the Chair to recognize the Member most senior on the 
    committee of jurisdiction.
        Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker, the Speaker has just described my 
    situation. I am the senior member and pursuant to a previous order 
    of the House I have a motion at the desk.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. I have a further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Since the Speaker previously recognized his 
    Member and this Member responded that I have a motion at the desk 
    to instruct conferees and I choose to go forward with it at this 
    time pursuant to a unanimous-consent request of last week, does 
    that not give this Member since I was recognized for that purpose 
    priority to proceed at this time?
        The SPEAKER. Well, the gentleman is correct, the gentleman did 
    seek recognition for the purpose of making a motion and then the 
    gentleman from Illinois rose with a parliamentary inquiry and the 
    Chair recognized the gentleman from Illinois for that purpose. And 
    it is the Chair's understanding that each of the two gentlemen 
    standing desires to offer a motion to instruct conferees. Is that 
    correct?
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. That is correct, Mr. Speaker.
        Mr. MADIGAN. That is correct, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. Well, the Chair, under those circumstances, 
    following the general precedents of the House would recognize the 
    more senior minority member of the two minority members on the 
    committee of jurisdiction.

        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, I have a further parliamentary 
    inquiry. I appreciate that the Speaker is hesitating a little with 
    respect to his tentative decision, but this Member actually was 
    recognized before my colleague from Illinois was recognized and I 
    would think on that basis that this Member should have priority for 
    making this motion.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman's motion had not been placed before 
    the House. The gentleman had sought recognition and the Chair had 
    said, ``For what purpose does the gentleman seek recognition?'' The 
    gentleman from California had said, ``For the purpose of offering a 
    motion to instruct conferees.''
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. That is correct, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER. And the Chair was about to ask the Clerk to report 
    the motion when the gentleman from Illinois stood and sought 
    recognition. The Chair said to the gentleman from Illinois, ``For 
    what purpose does the gentleman rise?''
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. If I may further be heard on my inquiry, if I 
    understand the gentleman from Illinois correctly, he achieved 
    recognition on the basis of a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct.

                         motion offered by mr. madigan

        Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to a previous order of the 
    House, I offer a motion.
        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the motion.
        The Clerk read as follows:

        Mr. Madigan moves that the managers on the part of the House 
    appointed for consideration of section 7003 of the Senate amendment 
    to H.R. 5 be instructed to agree to language that offers a solution 
    to the dial-a-porn problem.

                            parliamentary inquiries

        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, when a motion to instruct 
    conferees is pending, as is the situation with the gentleman from 
    California having made such a motion, is it in order for the House 
    to then consider another motion to instruct conferees?
        The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman asking would it be in order for 
    him to offer an amendment to the motion?
        Mr. [John] DINGELL [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair is advised that the gentleman from 
    California could offer an amendment to the motion of the gentleman 
    from Illinois but only if the previous question were voted down. If 
    the previous question on the motion of the gentleman from Illinois 
    should be ordered, then his motion would have to be voted upon 
    without intervening motion.

        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, if I might be heard further on my 
    parliamentary inquiry, I do not quite see how we could get to the 
    point where we could consider the motion offered by the gentleman 
    from Illinois to instruct conferees when, at the time the gentleman 
    from Illinois is making his motion, there is already a motion by 
    this gentleman from California to instruct conferees pending at the 
    desk. And I have not withdrawn that motion.
        The SPEAKER. The motion of the gentleman from California had 
    not been stated and was not pending before the House. The gentleman 
    had sought recognition for the purpose of offering a motion to 
    instruct conferees. The gentleman from Illinois asked, on a 
    parliamentary inquiry, in a situation involving two minority 
    Members, each seeking recognition for the purpose of offering a 
    motion to instruct conferees, as to which of the two Members under 
    the precedents would be recognized. The Chair replied that the 
    senior of the two on the Committee of Jurisdiction, under the 
    precedents, would be recognized, and the gentleman from Illinois 
    offered a motion, he being the senior of those seeking recognition 
    for the purpose of offering a motion.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, I wonder if I could ask the 
    indulgence of the House for the purpose of having the record read 
    back for the purpose of determining whether this gentleman from 
    California was recognized for the purpose of making a motion to 
    instruct conferees.
        Mr. DINGELL. I would have an objection, Mr. Speaker. I would 
    have to observe that I think that is a unanimous-consent request, 
    and it is taking a great amount of the time of the House at a time 
    when we have other business pending. I would have to object.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair has recognized the gentleman from 
    Illinois, and the gentleman's motion has been read and is now 
    pending before the House. The gentleman is entitled to 1 hour on 
    the motion.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. I have a further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker.
        What happened to my motion?
        Mr. MADIGAN. It was never read.
        Mr. DANNEMEYER. Yes. it was.
        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, he was 
    recognized for the purpose of offering an amendment, and the record 
    will show that.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will state again the situation.
        The gentleman from California sought recognition. The Chair 
    asked the purpose of his seeking recognition, and he said he sought 
    recognition for the purpose of offering a motion to instruct 
    conferees. The motion was not made prior to the rising of the 
    gentleman from Illinois to ask by unanimous consent if it were 
    proper to entertain such a motion before the completion of the 1-
    minute unanimous consent requests. The Chair replied that the Chair 
    would prefer to accommodate Members seeking to be heard under the 
    1-minute rule first and then entertain the motion, but that the 
    motion really does have priority under the rules to a unanimous-
    consent request to be heard for 1 minute, and that if the gentleman 
    insists upon offering the motion at that time, the Chair would 
    entertain the motion.
        Then the gentleman from Illinois asked if two Members, each 
    desiring to offer such a motion, were simultaneously to seek 
    recognition, which of two Members should be recognized under the 
    precedents of the House, and the Chair replied: The senior of the 
    two on the Committee of Jurisdiction.

        Mr. DANNEMEYER. At that point, Mr. Speaker, on the basis of the 
    Chair's own analysis, with all due respect, when I stood for 
    recognition, there was not someone else asking for recognition. It 
    was not done simultaneously.
        Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, may I call for the regular order?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair is trying to preserve the regular order 
    and thinks that the Members are entitled to understand exactly what 
    is going on and are entitled to ask questions and to be 
    accommodated to the extent of the Chair's ability to accommodate 
    them.
        The fact is that two Members sought recognition for the same 
    kind of motion, for a motion to instruct conferees. The motions 
    having equal precedence and priority, the question arose as to 
    which of the two Members should be recognized for the purpose of 
    making a motion. The Chair replied that the precedents hold that 
    the senior of the two or more Members seeking recognition is 
    entitled to be recognized. The gentleman from Illinois asked then 
    to be recognized for the purpose of offering that motion. The Chair 
    recognized the gentleman from Illinois. The motion has been read. 
    The motion offered by the gentleman from Illinois to instruct 
    conferees on H.R. 5 is the pending order of business.
        The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Madigan] is recognized for 1 
    hour . . .

Sec. 11.2 Under clause 1(c) of rule XV,(29) half of the 40 
    minutes allocated for a motion to suspend the rules is controlled 
    by a Member opposed, and a majority party member may claim such 
    time in opposition if the minority manager is not opposed to the 
    motion.(30)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. House Rules and Manual Sec. 891 (2017).
30. Parliamentarian's Note: Earlier precedents prescribe cascading 
        priorities in recognition for control of time in opposition to 
        a motion to suspend the rules. First, opponents are recognized 
        over those who support the motion. Then, among opponents, 
        committee members are recognized over noncommittee members. 
        Finally, among committee members opposed, minority party 
        Members have priority. See 5 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 6802 and 9 
        Cannon's Precedents Sec. 3415.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 18, 1991,(31) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 137 Cong. Rec. 32510, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         RECLAMATION PROJECTS AUTHORIZATION AND ADJUSTMENT ACT OF 1991

        Mr. [George] MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 282) 
    providing for the concurrence of the House to the amendment of the 
    Senate to the bill (H.R. 355) with an amendment.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 282

  Resolved, That upon the adoption of this resolution, the bill (H.R. 355) 
to provide emergency drought relief to the Reclamation States, and for 
other purposes, be and is hereby taken from the Speaker's table to the end 
that the Senate amendment to the text of the bill be and is hereby agreed 
to with the following amendment:

  In lieu of the Senate amendment, insert the following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  Title I through XXXIII of this Act may be cited as the ``Reclamation 
Projects Authorization and Adjustment Act of 1991''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

  For the purposes of this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
of the Interior.

TITLE I--BUFFALO BILL DAM AND RESERVOIR, WYOMING

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(32) Pursuant to the rule, 
    the gentleman from California [Mr. Miller] will be recognized for 
    20 minutes and the gentleman from Utah [Mr. Hansen] will be 
    recognized for 20 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. Sonny Montgomery (MS).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Richard] LEHMAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. LEHMAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I am opposed to the bill 
    and would like to find out how it might be possible for me to get 
    time on this side from what is allocated.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is the gentleman from Utah [Mr. 
    Hansen] opposed to the motion?
        Mr. [James] HANSEN [of Utah]. No, Mr. Speaker, I am not opposed 
    to the motion, and I am not opposed to the bill.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from California [Mr. 
    Lehman] will be recognized for 20 minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California [Mr. 
    Miller].

Sec. 11.3 The chair of the Committee of the Whole customarily accords 
    priority in recognition to members of the reporting committee and 
    otherwise endeavors to alternate recognition between majority party 
    and minority party Members.

    On July 20, 2000,(33) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. 146 Cong. Rec. 15735, 106th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Charles] RANGEL [of New York]. Mr. Chairman, I offer an 
    amendment.
        The CHAIRMAN pro tempore.(34) Will the gentleman 
    suspend?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. Edward Pease (IN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [James] KOLBE [of Arizona]. Mr. Chairman, I believe the 
    gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Frelinghuysen), a member of the 
    committee, was on his feet.
        The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman is correct. The Chair 
    finds itself in the following position: I did not see the gentleman 
    from New Jersey. We have just considered a Republican amendment and 
    I was going to go to the most senior Democrat. But since the 
    gentleman from New Jersey is a member of the committee and asks to 
    be recognized, the gentleman from New Jersey will be recognized.

                  Amendment No. 6 Offered by Mr. Frelinghuysen

        Mr. [Rodney] FRELINGHUYSEN [of New Jersey]. Mr. Chairman, I 
    offer an amendment No. 6.
        The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the 
    amendment.

Sec. 11.4 In recognizing Members to offer pro forma amendments under 
    the five-minute rule, the Chair: (1) endeavors to alternate between 
    majority party and minority party members (giving priority of 
    recognition to committee members); and (2) does not endeavor to 
    alternate between both sides of the question (having no knowledge 
    of whether specific Members oppose or support the pending 
    proposition).

    On March 21, 1994,(35) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 140 Cong. Rec. 5730, 103d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Charles] TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I move to 
    strike the requisite number of words. . . .
        The CHAIRMAN.(36) The Chair recognizes the gentleman 
    from California [Mr. Cunningham], a member of the committee.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. David Price (NC).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, is it possible to 
    have some support statements made on the floor, since most have 
    been negative?
        The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is to give priority to members of the 
    committee and does not confer recognition by stated position on the 
    issue. The gentleman will be recognized in due course.

        Mr. [Duke] CUNNINGHAM [of California]. Mr. Chairman, I move to 
    strike the requisite number of words.

Sec. 11.5 When the Committee of the Whole is reading a bill for 
    amendment under the five-minute rule, the Chair customarily accords 
    priority in recognition to members of the committee of 
    jurisdiction, but otherwise exercises discretion and may give 
    priority to the Majority Leader.

    On July 28, 1993,(37) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. 139 Cong. Rec. 17427, 17431, 103d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Bill] RICHARDSON [of New Mexico]. Mr. Chairman, I move to 
    strike the requisite number of words.
        (Mr. RICHARDSON asked and was given permission to revise and 
    extend his remarks.) . . .
        Mr. [Richard] GEPHARDT [of Missouri]. Mr. Chairman, I move to 
    strike the requisite number of words.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Dan] BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The CHAIRMAN.(38) The gentleman will state his 
    inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. Cleo Fields (LA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, there is a common courtesy 
    during debate under the 5-minute rule to go back and forth. I have 
    nothing against the majority leader. We just had somebody from the 
    majority side.
        Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Chairman, I would be happy to yield back and 
    allow the gentleman to proceed.
        The CHAIRMAN. Recognition is at the discretion of the Chair. 
    The Chair recognized the gentleman from Missouri as the majority 
    leader.
        Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Chairman, I would be happy to make my 
    statement and then yield to the gentleman. . . .
        Mrs. [Patsy] MINK [of Hawaii]. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike 
    the requisite number of words.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, there is supposed to be a 
    modicum of fairness. This is the second time in just a short period 
    of time that the Chair recognized two Members on the Democrat side 
    of the aisle. The minority deserves fairness. The Chair is not 
    being fair.
        If the Chair is not going to be fair, then we ought to just 
    walk off this floor.
        The CHAIRMAN. Members of the reporting committee deserve the 
    right to be heard prior to other Members on the floor under the 
    precedent. The gentlewoman is on the committee. The other Member 
    that the Chair recognized was the majority leader.
        The Chair would extend that same privilege to the minority 
    leader.
        Mr. [William] FORD of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, will the 
    gentlewoman yield?
        Mrs. MINK. I yield to the gentleman from Michigan.



Sec. 12. Non-Legislative Debate

    While most debate in the House occurs in reference to a pending 
legislative measure or matter, the House also observes periods of non-
legislative debate during which Members may discuss any topic they 
desire. The House sets aside three periods for non-legislative debate: 
morning hour debate(1) (conducted on certain days prior to 
convening for legislative business); one-minute speeches(2) 
(generally conducted after convening for legislative business but 
before such business commences); and special-order 
speeches(3) (conducted at the end of the day, after 
legislative business has concluded). All such non-legislative debate is 
divided on the basis of party affiliation.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. House Rules and Manual Sec. 951 (2017).
 2. House Rules and Manual Sec. 950 (2017).
 3. Id.
 4. Parliamentarian's Note: In the 103d Congress, the House conducted a 
        series of ``Oxford-style'' debates that included a 
        predetermined schedule of topics and four participants from 
        each of the two parties. See, e.g., 140 Cong. Rec. 2244, 103d 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 11, 1994). A similar format had been used 
        for a ``Lincoln-Douglas-style'' debate in the House, with one 
        Member acting as moderator and yielding to Members from each 
        party. See 139 Cong. Rec. 27312, 103d Cong. 1st Sess. (Nov. 3, 
        1993). These special debate formats for conducting non-
        legislative debates between the parties have not been used 
        since that time. House Rules and Manual Sec. 952 (2017). See 
        also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 73.24.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Morning hour debate began in the 103d Congress in 1994 and proceeds 
pursuant to a unanimous-consent agreement negotiated by the party 
leaderships.(5) Although the content of such agreements has 
varied over time, it has always been the case that the time is equally 
divided between the parties.(6) Recognition is conferred by 
the Chair pursuant to lists submitted by the Majority Leader and 
Minority Leader. No Member may speak for more than five minutes, except 
for the Majority Leader, the Minority Leader, and the Majority and 
Minority Whips.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 73; Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        29; and House Rules and Manual Sec. 951 (2017).
 6. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H29 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    One-minute speeches occur at the discretion of the Speaker and 
generally take place when the House first convenes for legislative 
business (following the prayer, business regarding the Journal, and the 
pledge of allegiance).(7) Since 1984, the Speaker has 
followed an announced policy of alternating recognition between the two 
parties(8) (a policy reiterated in each subsequent 
Congress).(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. For more on one-minute speeches generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 21 Sec. 6, Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 
        Sec. Sec. 73.1-73.11, Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29, and House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 950 (2017).
 8. See 130 Cong. Rec. 22963, 98th Cong. 2d Sess. (Aug. 8, 1984). See 
        also Sec. 12.1, infra.
 9. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H35 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Special-order speeches occur at the end of the legislative day, 
after legislative business has been concluded.(10) As with 
one-minute speeches, special-order speeches proceed as an exercise of 
the Speaker's power of recognition, pursuant to policies announced to 
the House at the beginning of a Congress.(11) These policies 
have varied over time, but currently limit such speeches to four total 
hours, divided between the majority and minority parties. Each party 
may reserve its first hour for its respective leaderships. The 
remaining time is divided into 30-minute (or less) segments and the 
Chair alternates recognition between the two parties. The party 
leaderships organize lists of Members to be recognized for special-
order speeches each day.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. For more on special-order speeches generally, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 21 Sec. 7, Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 
        Sec. Sec. 73.12-73.23, Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29, and House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 950 (2017).
11. See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H35 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

One-Minute Speeches

Sec. 12.1 In response to parliamentary inquiries, the Chair affirmed 
    that the regular procedure for recognizing Members for one-minute 
    speeches was to alternate between the two parties.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Parliamentarian's Note: In this instance, the Majority Leader was 
        recognized for one-minute, but the Chair granted additional 
        time in consonance with the custom of allowing party leaders 
        unfettered debate. See Sec. 6, supra. The Majority Leader, in 
        an unusual move, took advantage of this opportunity to yield to 
        other members of his party, prompting the inquiry regarding the 
        policy of alternating between the parties.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 7, 1998,(13) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 144 Cong. Rec. 24102, 24103, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
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                    ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(14) The Chair will 
    entertain 15 1-minutes on each side.
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14. Pete Sessions (TX)                          -------------------
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         PRESENTATION OF THE FREEDOM WORKS AWARD TO JOE WHITE, FOUNDER 
                             OF KIDS ACROSS AMERICA

        (Mr. ARMEY asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. . . .
        Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. 
    Blunt).
        Mr. [Roy] BLUNT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to be 
    here today as the Majority Leader recognizes Joe White, Joe White 
    from my district in southwest Missouri, Joe White with a doctors 
    degree from Southwest Baptist University, Joe White who has devoted 
    his life to kids. . . .
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, again with your continued indulgence 
    and the graceful generosity of my colleagues on both sides of the 
    aisle, I yield to the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Ryun).
        Mr. [Jim] RYUN [of Kansas]. Mr. Speaker, let me first of all 
    add my congratulations to what Joe White has been able to do with 
    the program in Missouri. . . .

                                 POINT OF ORDER

        Mr. [Frank] PALLONE [of New Jersey]. Mr. Speaker, point of 
    order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his point of 
    order.
        Mr. PALLONE. No offense to the Majority Leader, Mr. Speaker, 
    but the procedure the way I understand it is that these are 1 
    minute speeches that alternate with each side, and I would ask that 
    the Speaker follow that procedure.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct. The Chair 
    will follow that procedure.

                        PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE
Ch. 3


                        INDEX-PARTY ORGANIZATION

Adjournment
    Majority Leader authorized to offer motion to adjourn sine die, 
        Sec. 6.8
    motion to adjourn sine die, Majority Leader authorized to offer, 
        Sec. 6.8
    notification committees regarding sine die adjournment, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    sine die adjournment, Majority Leader authorized to offer motion, 
        Sec. 6.8
Amendments
    alternating recognition to offer by party in Committee of the 
        Whole, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.3, 11.4
    amendments between the Houses, see Amendments Between the Houses
    Chair's discretion regarding recognition to offer in Committee of 
        the Whole, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.5
    disciplinary resolution amended to preserve party prerogatives, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    distribution requirements for amendments in Committee of the Whole, 
        Sec. 11
    motion to rise and report takes precedence over motion to amend, 
        Sec. 6
    officers of the House, election resolution subject to amendment, 
        Sec. 2
    Senate amendments, see Amendments Between the Houses
Amendments Between the Houses
    Majority Leader, authorization to offer certain motions restricted 
        to, Sec. 6.14
    motions to dispose of Senate amendments, debate time divided 
        between parties, Sec. 11
    motions to dispose of Senate amendments, offering restricted to 
        Majority Leader, Sec. 6.14
Assembly of Congress
    see Organization
Assistant Democratic Leader
    announcements regarding selection, Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6.1, 7.1
Bills and Resolutions
    bill numbers reserved for party leaders, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.13
    introduction of measures by party leaders required by statutory 
        rulemaking, Sec. 6
    see Sponsorship
    sponsors and cosponsors of legislation
Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group (BLAG)
    composition, Sec. 5
Boards and Commission
    appointments to made by party leaders, Sec. 6
    party leaders' service on, Sec. 6
Budget
    see, Committee on the Budget
Calendars
    see Official Objectors
Caucus and Conference Rules
    committee assignments, rules regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.2, 4, 8, 
        9
    committee chairs, rules regarding conduct of, Sec. 1
    Committee on Organization, Study, and Review (Democratic), role 
        regarding, Sec. 4
    committee resignations, rules regarding, Sec. 8.3
    conference committees, formation of, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    earmarks, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    election of officers of the House, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    election of Speaker, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    ethics, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    expulsion from Caucus or Conference, supermajority requirement, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    generally, Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    instructing conferees, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    limitations on committee service, rules regarding, Sec. 9
    motion to instruct conferees, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    motion to recommit, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    notification requirements imposed by, Sec. 3
    officers of the House, election of, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    prohibiting otherwise permitted actions, Sec. 3
    recommit, motion to, rules regarding, Sec. 1
    resignation from committee, ``temporary'', rules regarding, 
        Sec. 8.3
    restricting actions to party leaders, Sec. 3
    rules of the House, relationship to, Sec. 1
    Speaker of the House, rules regarding election of, Sec. 1
    suspension of rules, Sec. 1
Caucus or Conference Chair
    see Chair of Caucus or Conference
Censure
    Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.1
Ceremonies
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies, membership, 
        Sec. 8
    notification committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    tributes to and from party leaders, Sec. 3
Chair of Caucus or Conference
    announcement regarding Caucus and Conference meetings made by, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.4, 3.5
    announcement regarding selection of floor leaders made by, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6.1, 6.2, 6.5, 7.1
    committee assignments, resolutions offered by, Sec. 4
    generally, Sec. 1
    meetings called by, Sec. 3
    notification that Member has ceased Caucus or Conference 
        affiliation, Sec. Sec. 1, 8, 8.9
    officers of the House, role in nominating candidates for, Sec. 2
    organizational resolutions offered by, Sec. 1
    Speaker of the House, role in nominating candidates for, Sec. 2
    Speaker pro tempore, administration of the oath of office to, 
        Sec. 1
    Speaker pro tempore, service as, Sec. 1
    vice chair, announcement regarding selection of floor leaders made 
        by, Sec. Sec. 6.3, 7.3
Chamber
    see House Chamber
Chaplain
    election of, procedure, Sec. 2
Chief Administrative Officer
    Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services, functions 
        transferred from, Sec. 5.1
Clerk of the House
    House records made public by, notification to Committee on House 
        Administration required, Sec. 10
Committee Assignments
    see Committees
Committee Hearings
    see Committees
Committee of the Whole
    alternating recognition to offer amendments by party, Sec. Sec. 11, 
        11.3, 11.4
    amendments, alternating recognition between parties to offer, 
        Sec. Sec. 11, 11.3, 11.4
    amendments, Chair's discretion regarding recognition to offer, 
        Sec. Sec. 11, 11.5
    amendments, distribution requirements, Sec. 11
    Majority Leader authorized to offer motion to rise and report, 
        Sec. 6
    motion to rise and report, Majority Leader's prerogatives 
        regarding, Sec. 6
    motion to rise and report, precedence, Sec. 6
    motion to waive restrictions on committees meeting during 
        consideration of measures in, Sec. 6
Committee on Ethics
    Caucus and Conference rules addressing indictment or conviction of 
        members, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.2
    censure, see Censure
    consultation requirements generally, Sec. 10
    criminal indictments or conviction, consequences under Caucus or 
        Conference rules, Sec. Sec. 1, 3, 3.2
    disciplinary resolution amended to preserve party prerogatives, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    disqualifications and party affiliation, Sec. 10
    limitations regarding service on, Sec. 9
    party discipline, relationship to, Sec. 3
    Select Committee on Ethics, Sec. 8.7
    special membership requirements, Sec. 8
Committee on House Administration
    Clerk notifies chair and ranking member when making House records 
        public, Sec. 10
    Congressional Accountability Act, joint approval procedures for 
        chair and ranking member, Sec. 10
    House records made public by Clerk, committee consultations 
        requirements, Sec. 10
Committee on Organization, Study, and Review (Democratic)
    functions, Sec. 4
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
    depositions by staff, equitable access to minority required, 
        Sec. 10
    oversight plans, consultations requirements regarding, Sec. 6
Committee on Policy (Republican)
    functions, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    funding, Sec. 4
Committee on Rules
    Caucus or Conference rules regarding membership on, Sec. 4
    chair of, service limitations not applicable to, Sec. 9
    motions to recommit, restrictions on reporting special orders, 
        Sec. 6
    recommit, motions to, restrictions on reporting special orders, 
        Sec. 6
Committee on the Budget
    Congressional Budget Act, consultation requirements regarding 
        ``Member User Group,'' Sec. 6
    limitations regarding service on, Sec. 9
    special membership requirements, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.1
Committee on Ways and Means
    chair as precursor to position of Majority Leader, Sec. 6
    Joint Committee on Taxation, relationship to, Sec. 8
Committees
    budget, see Committee on the Budget
    chair of committee, duties exercised by vice chair, Sec. 8.2
    chair of committee, election of, Sec. 8
    chair of committee, limitations on service, Sec. 9
    committee assignments as a tool of party discipline, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.1-3.3
    committee assignments, Caucus and Conference rules regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 4, 8
    committee assignments, effect of switching parties, Sec. 8
    committee assignments generally, Sec. 8
    committee assignments of independent Members, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.4, 8.5
    committee assignments of third-party Members, Sec. 8
    committee assignments, required notification by Caucus or 
        Conference chair, Sec. Sec. 1, 8, 8.9
    committee assignments, requirement of party affiliation, 
        Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    committee assignments, resolutions offered by Caucus or Conference 
        chair, Sec. 4
    committee assignments, role of Democratic Steering and Policy 
        Committee, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    committee assignments, role of Republican Steering Committee, 
        Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    committee assignments, Speaker's former authority regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    committee assignments vacated upon termination of party 
        affiliation, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    committee chairs, Caucus and Conference rules regarding conduct of, 
        Sec. 1
    committee chair, duties performed by vice chair, Sec. 8.2
    committee chairs, election of, Sec. 8
    committee chairs, limitations on service, Sec. 9
    committee chairs notified by Speaker that committee assignments 
        have been vacated, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    committee election resolution as privileged, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.2
    committee meetings, former rule regarding motions to waive 
        restrictions on, Sec. 6
    committee records, equitable access to, Sec. 10
    committee reports, minority views filed with, Sec. 10
    committee staff, Sec. 10
    conference committees, see Conference Committees
    Congressional Accountability Act, Committee on House Administration 
        joint approval requirements under, Sec. 10
    Democratic Steering and Policy Committee, authority over committee 
        assignments, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    disclosure of classified information by Permanent Select Committee 
        on Intelligence, division of debate time, Sec. 10
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    Ethics, see Committee on Ethics
    hearings, consultation requirements regarding, Sec. 10
    hearings, minority day, Sec. 10
    hearings, time for extended questioning of witnesses equally 
        divided between parties, Sec. 10
    House Administration, see Committee on House Administration
    independent Members' committee assignments, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.4, 8.5
    investigative reports, minority views filed with, Sec. 10
    joint committees, see Joint Committees
    limitations on service, Caucus or Conference rules regarding, 
        Sec. 9
    limitations on service, House rules regarding, Sec. 9
    Majority Leader traditionally does not serve on, Sec. Sec. 6, 8, 
        8.1
    Minority Leader traditionally does not serve on, Sec. Sec. 6, 8, 
        8.1
    notification committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    Oversight and Government Reform, see Committee on Oversight and 
        Government Reform
    oversight reports, minority views filed with, Sec. 10
    party affiliation as a requirement for committee membership, 
        Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    party committees, see Party Committees and Groups
    party ratios not determined by House rules, Sec. 9
    party ratios on subcommittees, question of privilege regarding, 
        Sec. 9.1
    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, see Permanent Select 
        Committee on Intelligence
    records of, equitable access to, Sec. 10
    removal from, Sec. 3.3
    reports of, minority views filed with, Sec. 10
    Republican Steering Committee, authority over committee 
        assignments, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    resignation from committee, Sec. Sec. 8.1, 8.3, 8.7
    Rules, see Committee on Rules
    size of not determined by House rules, Sec. 9
    subcommittees, party ratios not determined by House rules, Sec. 9
    subcommittees, party ratios on, question of privilege regarding, 
        Sec. 9.1
    Speaker traditionally does not serve on, Sec. 8
    Speaker's former authority regarding committee assignments, 
        Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    staff of committees, Sec. 10
    term limits regarding service on, Sec. Sec. 1, 9
    third-party Members' committee assignments, Sec. 8
    vacating committee assignments upon termination of party 
        affiliation, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    vice chair of committee authorized to exercise duties of chair, 
        Sec. 8.2
    Ways and Means, see Committee on Ways and Means
Congressional Accountability Act
    see Committees on House Administration
Congressional Budget Act
    see Committee on the Budget
Congressional Earmarks
    see Earmarks
Congressional Record
    Majority Leader granted authority to extend remarks in, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    official objectors' policy statement submitted for publication in, 
        Sec. 4
    schedule of House activity submitted by Majority Leader for 
        publication in, Sec. 6
    Speaker granted authority to extend remarks in, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    Speaker's announced policies submitted for publication in, Sec. 6
Conference Committees
    appointment, Speaker's authority regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    Caucus and Conference rules regarding formation of, Sec. 1
    conference reports, debate time on divided between parties, Sec. 11
    conference reports, disposing of Senate amendments reported in 
        disagreement, see Amendments Between the Houses and Motions
    conference report on budget resolution, see Committee on the Budget
    consultation with minority party regarding appointments to, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.11
    instructing conferees, priority to offer motion, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.1
    Majority Leader's appointment to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    motions to instruct conferees, Caucus and Conference rules 
        regarding, Sec. 1
    motions to instruct conferees, debate time on divided between 
        parties, Sec. 11
    motions to instruct conferees, priority to offer, Sec. Sec. 11, 
        11.1
    removal of Members from, parliamentary inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. 8.6
    removal of Members from, Speaker's authority regarding, Sec. 8.6
    reports, debate time on divided between parties, Sec. 11
    reports, disposing of Senate amendments reported in disagreement, 
        see Amendments Between the Houses and Motions
    Republican Conference committees, see Republican Conference
    Speaker's authority to appoint Members to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    Speaker's consultation with minority party regarding appointments 
        to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.11
Conference Reports
    see Conference Committees
Consent Calendar
    see Official Objectors
Criminal Indictments and Convictions
    see Committee on Ethics
Democratic Caucus
    announcements by party leaders, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.4
    Caucus rules, see Caucus and Conference Rules
    chair of Caucus, see Chair of Caucus or Conference
    duties and functions, Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    expulsion from, Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    former rule on binding Caucus decisions, Sec. 3
    notification committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    party officials and employees not subject to House rule on service 
        of process, Sec. 3
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee
    functions, Sec. 4
Democratic Party
    history, Sec. 1
    House Democratic Caucus, see Democratic Caucus
    party committees, see Party Committees and Groups
Democratic Steering and Policy Committee
    committee assignments, authority over, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    functions, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    funding, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.1
Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services
    abolition of office, Sec. 5.1
    appointment, Sec. 5.1
    Chief Administrative Officer, transfer of functions to, Sec. 5.1
Division of the Question for Voting
    see Voting
Earmarks
    Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
Election Campaigns
    see Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee and National 
        Republican Congressional Committee
Ethics
    see Committee on Ethics
Floor Leaders
    see Majority Leader and Minority Leader
House Chamber
    Caucus or Conference meetings held in, Sec. 3.5
House Democratic Caucus
    see Democratic Caucus
House Leadership
    Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group (BLAG), composition of, Sec. 5
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    definition, Sec. 5
    ethics rules requiring temporary step aside from leadership 
        positions, Sec. 1
    floor privileges of leadership staff, Sec. Sec. 2, 5
    generally, Sec. 5
    lobbying restrictions, Sec. 5
    Speaker's relationship to, Sec. 5
    special order speeches, prerogatives regarding recognition, Sec. 12
    staff transfers, Sec. Sec. 5.6, 5.7
House Republican Conference
    see Republican Conference
Independent Members
    see Third-Party and Independent Members
Inspector General
    appointment, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2
Instruct Conferees, Motions to
    see Motions
Joint Committees
    appointments made by Speaker, Sec. 6
    Joint Committee on Taxation, membership requirements, Sec. 8
    Joint Committee on Taxation, relationship to Committee on Ways and 
        Means, Sec. 8
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inauguration ceremonies, 
        membership, Sec. 8
    Joint Economic Committee, membership requirements, Sec. 8
    Speaker's authority to appoint Members to, Sec. 6
Joint Sessions
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
Leadership
     see House Leadership
Majority Leader
    amendments between the Houses, motions to dispose of restricted to, 
        Sec. 6.14
    amendments in Committee of the Whole, discretionary authority to 
        give priority in recognition to, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.5
    announcements regarding selection of, Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6, 6.1, 6.3, 
        6.5, 7.1, 7.3
    announcements regarding the House schedule made by, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.17
    appointment to conference committee, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    appointment to select committee made by, authorization by special 
        rule, Sec. 8.7
    bill numbers reserved for, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.13
    committees, traditionally does not serve on, Sec. Sec. 6, 8, 8.1
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    conference committee, appointment to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    Congressional Record, authority granted to extend remarks in, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    Congressional Record, insertion regarding the House schedule 
        submitted by, Sec. 6
    consultation requirements generally, Sec. 6
    debate time, tradition regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.18-6.21
    Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services, role in 
        appointing, Sec. 5.1
    election of, Sec. 5
    generally, Sec. Sec. 5, 6
    history, Sec. 6
    Inspector General, role in appointing, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inauguration ceremonies, service 
        on, Sec. 8
    morning-hour debate, prerogatives regarding recognition, Sec. 12
    morning-hour debate, role in scheduling speakers, Sec. 12
    motion to rise and report from Committee of the Whole, authority to 
        offer, Sec. 6
    motion to waive restrictions on committee meetings, authority to 
        offer, Sec. 6
    motions to dispose of amendments between the Houses restricted to, 
        Sec. 6.14
    oversight plans, consultations requirements regarding, Sec. 6
    questions of privilege, prerogatives regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    quorum failure report, consultation requirements, Sec. 6
    resignation from committee, Sec. 8.1
    rules of the House, role in offering resolution adopting, Sec. 6
    schedule colloquy, participation in, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.17
    secret sessions, allocation of debate time, Sec. 6.12
    select committee, appointment to authorized by special rule, 
        Sec. 8.7
    Speaker pro tempore, service as, Sec. 6
    staff transfers, Sec. Sec. 5.6, 5.7
    statutory rulemaking, requirements and prerogatives under, Sec. 6
    suspension of rules, scheduling measures for consideration by, 
        Sec. 6
    unanimous-consent requests, policy of consultation, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.22, 6.23
    vacancies, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.3, 6.5, 7.3
Majority Whip
    announcements regarding House schedule made by, Sec. 6.16
    announcements regarding selection of, Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6.1, 6.3, 
        7.1-7.3
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    election of, Sec. 5
    generally, Sec. Sec. 5, 7
    morning-hour debate, prerogatives regarding recognition, Sec. 12
    resignation, Sec. 6.4
    staff transfers, Sec. Sec. 5.6, 5.7
    vacancies, Sec. Sec. 6.3, 6.4, 7.3
Minority Employees
    compensation, Sec. 2
    floor privileges of, Sec. 2
    officers of the House, relationship to, Sec. 2
Minority Leader
    announcements regarding selection of, Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 
        7.1
    bill numbers reserved for, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.13
    committees, traditionally does not serve on, Sec. Sec. 6, 8, 8.1
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    conference committees, removal of Members from, consultation 
        regarding, Sec. 8.6
    consultation requirements generally, Sec. 6
    debate time, tradition regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.18-6.21
    Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services, role in 
        appointing, Sec. 5.1
    drug-testing program, consultation requirements regarding 
        establishment of, Sec. 6
    election of, Sec. 5
    generally, Sec. Sec. 5, 6
    Inspector General, role in appointing, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inauguration ceremonies, service 
        on, Sec. 8
    ``Member User Group'' under the Congressional Budget Act, 
        consultation requirements, Sec. 6
    morning-hour debate, prerogatives regarding recognition, Sec. 12
    morning-hour debate, role in scheduling speakers, Sec. 12
    motions to recommit, priority in recognition to offer, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.15, 11
    oversight plans, consultations requirements regarding, Sec. 6
    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, ex officio service on, 
        Sec. 8
    pocket veto, response to assertion of authority, Sec. 6
    questions of privilege, prerogatives regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    quorum failure report, consultation requirements, Sec. 6
    recommit, motions to, priority in recognition to offer, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.15, 11
    removal of Members from conference committee, consultation 
        regarding, Sec. 8.6
    schedule colloquy, participation in, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.17
    Speaker of the House, candidate for, Sec. 2
    Speaker of the House, role in presenting successful candidate to 
        the membership, Sec. Sec. 2, 6
    staff transfers, Sec. 5.7
    statutory rulemaking, requirements and prerogatives under, Sec. 6
    unanimous-consent requests, policy of consultation, Sec. Sec. 6, 
        6.22, 6.23
    vacancies, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.2
    Vice President, Minority Leader elected to the office of, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.2, 6.6
Minority Whip
    announcements regarding selection of, Sec. Sec. 2, 5, 6.1, 7.1, 7.4
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    election of, Sec. 5
    generally, Sec. Sec. 5, 7
    motion to recommit offered by, Sec. 6.15
    secret sessions, allocation of debate time, Sec. 6.12
    staff transfers, Sec. 5.7
Motions
    adjournment sine die, offering of motion restricted to Majority 
        Leader, Sec. 6.8
    amendments between the Houses, debate time on motions to dispose of 
        divided by party, Sec. 11
    amendments between the Houses, motions to dispose of restricted to 
        Majority Leader, Sec. 6.14
    committee meetings, former rule regarding motions to waive 
        restrictions on, Sec. 6
    disposing of Senate amendments, debate time divided between 
        parties, Sec. 11
    disposing of Senate amendments, offering restricted to Majority 
        Leader, Sec. 6.14
    instruct conferees, motions to, Caucus and Conference rules 
        regarding, Sec. 1
    instruct conferees, motions to, debate time divided between 
        parties, Sec. 11
    instruct conferees, motions to, priority to offer, Sec. Sec. 11, 
        11.1
    recommit, motions to, Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
    recommit, motions to, Minority Leader's priority in recognition to 
        offer, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.15, 11
    recommit, motions to, Minority Whip recognized to offer, Sec. 6.15
    recommit, motions to, restrictions on special orders of business 
        regarding, Sec. 6
    rise and report from Committee of the Whole, Majority Leader's 
        authority to offer, Sec. 6
    statutory rulemaking, prerogatives of party leaders to offer 
        certain motions under, Sec. 6
National Republican Congressional Committee
    functions, Sec. 4
Non-legislative Debate
    alternating recognition between the parties, Sec. Sec. 11, 12
    morning-hour debate, prerogatives of floor leaders, Sec. 11
    morning-hour debate, recognition by party, Sec. 11
    one-minute speeches, parliamentary inquiries regarding, Sec. 12.1
    one-minute speeches, policy of alternating recognition by parties, 
        Sec. Sec. 12, 12.1
    schedule colloquy, see Schedule Colloquy
    special order speeches, policies regarding recognition by party, 
        Sec. 12
Oath of Office
    Speaker of the House, administration to at organization, Sec. 2
    Speaker pro tempore, administration of by Caucus or Conference 
        chair, Sec. 1
Official Objectors
    announcement regarding selection of, Sec. 4
    calendar system, relationship to, Sec. 4
    Congressional Record, objectors' policies submitted for publication 
        in, Sec. 4
    Consent Calendar, use of objectors for consideration of measures 
        on, Sec. 4
    generally, Sec. 4
    policy statements by, Sec. 4
    Private Calendar, use of objectors for consideration of measures 
        on, Sec. 4
Officers, Officials, and Employees of the House
    Chaplain, election of, procedure, Sec. 2
    Chief Administrative Officer, functions of Director of 
        Nonlegislative and Financial Services transferred to, Sec. 5.1
    Clerk, see Clerk of the House
    Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services, abolition of 
        office, Sec. 5.1
    Director of Nonlegislative and Financial Services, appointment of, 
        Sec. 5.1
    division of the question, resolution electing officers subject to, 
        Sec. 2
    election of officers, Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
    election of officers, procedure at organization, Sec. 2
    Inspector General, appointment of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2
    nominations for House officers submitted by Caucus and Conference 
        chair, Sec. 2
    Sergeant-at-Arms, see Sergeant-at-Arms
    Speaker, see Speaker of the House
    tributes to by party leaders, Sec. 3
Organization
    notification committees regarding assembly, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    officers of the House, nominations submitted by Caucus and 
        Conference chair, Sec. 2
    organizational caucuses, see Organizational Caucuses
    parties, role of, Sec. 2
    Speaker of the House, nominations submitted by parties, Sec. 2
Organizational Caucuses
    floor leaders, role of, Sec. 2
    generally, Sec. 2
    reimbursements related to, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.2
    timing, Sec. Sec. 2, 2.1, 2.2
Parliamentary Inquiries
    committee election resolution as privileged, inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. 8.2
    conference committees, removal of Members from, inquiries 
        regarding, Sec. 8.6
    cosponsor, party membership of, inquiries regarding, Sec. 1.1
    one-minute speeches, inquiries regarding recognition by party, 
        Sec. 12.1
    party leaders, tradition regarding allocation of debate time, 
        inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 6.18-6.21
    privilege of committee election resolution, inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. 8.2
    removal of Members from conference committee, inquiries regarding, 
        Sec. 8.6
    unanimous-consent requests, policy of consultation, inquiries 
        regarding, Sec. 6.23
Party Committees and Groups
    committees on committees, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    Committee on Organization, Study, and Review (Democratic), Sec. 4
    Committee on Policy (Republican), Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, Sec. 4
    Democratic Steering and Policy Committee, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    National Republican Congressional Committee, Sec. 4
    Republican Steering Committee, Sec. 4
Party Leaders
    see Majority Leader and Minority Leader
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
    classified information, debate on disclosure divided between 
        parties, Sec. 10
    committee assignments, special requirements for, Sec. 8
    limitations regarding service on, Sec. 9
    membership rules changed by unanimous consent, Sec. 8.8
    Minority Leader, ex officio service on, Sec. 8
Pocket Vetoes
    see Vetoes
President and Vice President
    escort committees for joint sessions, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    Minority Leader nominated and confirmed as Vice President, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.2, 6.6
    pocket veto authority, assertion of, Sec. 6
Private Calendar
    see Official Objectors
Privileged Questions
    committee assignment vacated by resolution, Sec. 3.3
    committee election resolution offered by the direction of party 
        caucus, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.4, 8.5
    committee election resolution providing vice chair exercise duties 
        of chair, Sec. 8.3
    committee meetings, former rule regarding motions to waive 
        restrictions on, Sec. 6
    disciplinary resolution, Sec. 3.1
    leadership expenses, resolution increasing, Sec. 5.3
    motion to waive restrictions on committee meetings, former rule 
        regarding, Sec. 6
    motions to dispose of amendments between the Houses restricted to 
        Majority Leader, Sec. 6.14
Questions of Privilege
    notification requirements not applicable to party leaders, Sec. 6
    party leaders' prerogatives regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    party ratios on subcommittees, resolution regarding, Sec. 9.1
    restrictions on use by Members other than party leaders, Sec. 6.9
    subcommittee party ratios, resolution regarding, Sec. 9.1
Quorums and Quorum Calls
    catastrophic quorum failure report issued by Sergeant-at-Arms, 
        Sec. 6
Recess
    Caucus or Conference meetings held during, Sec. 3.5
Recommit, Motions to,
    see Motions
Republican Conference
    announcements by party leaders, Sec. 3
    chair of Conference, see Chair of Caucus or Conference
    Conference rules, see Caucus and Conference Rules
    duties and functions, Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    expulsion from, Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    notification committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    party officials and employees not subject to House rule on service 
        of process, Sec. 3
Republican Party
    history, Sec. 1
    House Republican Conference, see Republican Conference
    party committees, see Party Committees and Groups
Republican Steering Committee
    committee assignments, authority over, Sec. 4
    funding, Sec. 4.1
Resignation
    committee resignations, Sec. Sec. 8.1, 8.3, 8.7
    Majority Whip, Sec. 6.4
Rise and Report, Motions to
    see Motions
Rules of the Caucus or Conference
    see Caucus and Conference Rules
Rules of the House
    Caucus and Conference rules, relationship to, Sec. 1
    committee size not determined by, Sec. 9
    Majority Leader's role in offering resolution adopting, Sec. 6
    party ratios on committees and subcommittees not determined by, 
        Sec. 9
    resolution adopting offered by Majority Leader, Sec. 6
    service of process rules inapplicable to party officials and 
        employees, Sec. 3
    statutory rulemaking, requirements and prerogatives of party 
        leaders under, Sec. 6
    suspension of rules, Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
    suspension of rules, Majority Leader's role regarding scheduling, 
        Sec. 6
    suspension of rules, priorities in recognition, Sec. Sec. 11, 11.2
Schedule Colloquy
    Majority Leader or designee participates in, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.17
    Minority Leader or designee participates in, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.17
Secret Sessions
    debate time divided between Majority Leader and Minority Whip by 
        unanimous consent, Sec. 6.12
Select Committees
    appointments to, Majority Leader authorized by special rule, 
        Sec. 8.7
    appointments to, Speaker's authority, Sec. 6
    Ethics, Select Committee on, Sec. 8.7
    Majority Leader authorized to make appointment by special rule, 
        Sec. 8.7
    Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, see Permanent Select 
        Committee on Intelligence
    resignation from Select Committee on Ethics, Sec. 8.7
    Speaker's authority to appoint Members to, Sec. 6
Senate Amendments
    see Amendments Between the Houses and Motions
Sergeant-at-Arms
    quorum failure report issued by, Sec. 6
Service of Process
    party officials and employees not covered by House rule, Sec. 3
Sine Die
    see Adjournment
Speaker of the House
    announced policies submitted to the Congressional Record by, Sec. 6
    appointment of replacements when Members are disqualified from 
        ethics cases, Sec. 10
    appointments to conference committees, authority regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    appointments to joint committees, authority regarding, Sec. 6
    appointments to select committees, authority regarding, Sec. 6
    Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group (BLAG), service on, Sec. 5
    committee assignments, former authority regarding, Sec. Sec. 4, 8
    committees, Speaker traditionally does not serve on, Sec. 8
    compensation, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5
    conference committees, authority to appoint Members to, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.10
    conference committees, authority to remove Members from, Sec. 8.6
    conference committees, consultation with minority regarding 
        appointments to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.11
    Congressional Record, authority granted to extend remarks in, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    debate, participation by, Sec. 1
    debate time, tradition regarding, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.18-6.21
    disqualifications in ethics cases, authority to appoint 
        replacements, Sec. 10
    drug-testing program, requirement of consultation with Minority 
        Leader, Sec. 6
    election of, Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
    election of, party leaders' service on escort committees, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    emergency recess authority, requirement of consultation with 
        Minority Leader, Sec. 6
    escort committees, party leaders' service on, Sec. Sec. 3, 6
    ethics cases, disqualifications, authority to appoint replacements, 
        Sec. 10
    floor leader, prior service as, Sec. 1
    House leadership, relationship to, Sec. 5
    Inspector General, role in appointing, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2
    institutional role, Sec. 1
    joint committees, authority to appoint Members to, Sec. 6
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inauguration ceremonies, service 
        on, Sec. 8
    nominations submitted by parties at organization, Sec. 2
    nominations submitted by third parties, Sec. 2
    notification to committee chairs that committee assignments have 
        been vacated, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.9
    oversight plans, consultations requirements regarding, Sec. 6
    pocket veto, response to assertion of authority, Sec. 6
    quorum failure report, requirement to consult with floor leaders 
        regarding content of, Sec. 6
    recess authority, requirement of consultation with Minority Leader, 
        Sec. 6
    relationship to party, Sec. 1
    removal of Members from conference committees, Sec. 8.6
    select committees, authority to appoint Members to, Sec. 6
    Speaker pro tempore, Caucus or Conference chair administers oath of 
        office to, Sec. 1
    Speaker pro tempore, Caucus or Conference chair serving as, Sec. 1
    Speaker pro tempore, Majority Leader serving as, Sec. 6
    Speaker's announced policies submitted to the Congressional Record, 
        Sec. 6
    Speaker's gavel present by Minority Leader upon election, 
        Sec. Sec. 2, 6
    voting by, Sec. 1
Speaker pro tempore
    see Speaker of the House
Special Orders of Business
    Caucus and Conference rules regarding, Sec. 1
    motions to recommit, restrictions regarding, Sec. 6
    recommit, motions to, restrictions regarding, Sec. 6
Sponsorship
    cosponsors of legislation, party membership of, parliamentary 
        inquiries regarding, Sec. 1.1
Statutory Rulemaking
    see Rules of the House
Subcommittees
    see Committees
Subpoenas
    see Service of Process
Suspension of Rules
    see Rules of the House
Third-Party and Independent Members
    committee assignments, requirement of party affiliation, 
        Sec. Sec. 8, 8.4, 8.5
    floor leaders, electing, Sec. Sec. 5, 6
    Speaker, nominating candidates for, Sec. 2
Unanimous Consent
    committee membership rules changed by, Sec. 8.8
    Majority Leader's role in negotiating agreements and requests, 
        Sec. 6
    requests for the consideration of legislation cleared with floor 
        leaders, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.22, 6.23
    secret session, request to allocate debate time between party 
        leaders, Sec. 6.12
    select committee membership rules changed by, Sec. 8.8
Vetoes
    Minority Leader's response to assertion of pocket veto authority, 
        Sec. 6
    pocket vetoes, Speaker's and Minority Leader's response, Sec. 6
    Speaker's response to assertion of pocket veto authority, Sec. 6
Voting
    Chaplain, traditional unanimous election of, Sec. 2
    division of the question, resolution electing officers subject to, 
        Sec. 2
    expulsion from Caucus or Conference, supermajority requirement, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 3
    officers of the House, division of the question on resolution 
        electing, Sec. 2
    officers of the House, resolution electing traditionally adopted by 
        voice vote, Sec. 2
    Speaker's right to vote, Sec. 1
    voice vote, election of officers traditionally proceeds by, Sec. 2
Ways and Means
    see Committee on Ways and Means




                               CHAPTER 4

                  House Facilities and Capitol Grounds
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Commentary and editing by Andrew S. Neal, J.D. and Max A. Spitzer, 
        J.D., LL.M.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                A. Hall of the House

                  Sec.  1. Control of the Hall of the House Generally

                  Sec.  2. The Electronic Voting System; Legislative 
                    Call System

                  Sec.  3. Audio-Visual Broadcast of House Proceedings

                  Sec.  4. Galleries

                  Sec.  5. Admission to the House Floor

                  Sec.  6. Former Members' Floor Privileges

                B. Capitol Grounds

                  Sec.  7. The Capitol Complex

                  Sec.  8. House Office Buildings

                  Sec.  9. The Capitol Visitor Center

                  Sec. 10. The Senate Chamber






                  House Facilities and Capitol Grounds



                          A. Hall of the House



Sec. 1. Control of the Hall of the House Generally

    The Hall of the House consists of the House Chamber and its 
galleries, as well as cloakrooms for each party organization. The rules 
of the House confer wide discretion on the Speaker to administer the 
Hall of the House. Use of the Hall of the House is governed by various 
House rules and precedents and Federal statutes.(1) Clause 3 
of rule I(2) provides that, ``[t]he Speaker shall have 
general control of the Hall of the House, the corridors and passages in 
the part of the Capitol assigned to the use of the House, and the 
disposal of unappropriated rooms in that part of the Capitol.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See, e.g., 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 1801 et seq.; 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2001 
        et seq.; and 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2201 et seq.
 2. House Rules and Manual Sec. 623 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Clause 1 of rule IV(3) provides that the Hall of the 
House shall be used for legislative business only (including caucus 
meetings of the parties),(4) with the exception of 
authorized ceremonial events.(5) Traditionally, ceremonies 
of a religious nature have not been permitted in the House 
Chamber.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. House Rules and Manual Sec. 677 (2017).
 4. See Sec. 1.11, infra.
 5. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36. For an example of the House 
        refusing to allow the House Chamber to be used for certain 
        entertainment purposes, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 
        Sec. 3.2.
 6. See Sec. 1.12, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to the House rules, the Speaker has often inserted into 
the Congressional Record certain policy statements regarding 
appropriate use of the House Chamber and the comportment of Members, 
officers, and employees within the Chamber and the halls leading 
thereto.(7) Such policy statements typically address the 
exercise of floor privileges,(8) the conduct of votes using 
the Chamber's electronic voting system,(9) the distribution 
of handouts and other material on the House floor,(10) the 
use of electronic devices on the floor(11) and the status of 
the Chamber when the House is not in session.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See, e.g., 161 Cong. Rec. H33-H35 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. These policy statements are applicable for the entirety 
        of that particular Congress.
 8. See Sec. 5, infra.
 9. See Sec. 2, infra.
10. See Sec. 1, infra.
11. Id.
12. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Speaker has also made ad hoc announcements from time to time 
regarding the exercise of the Speaker's discretionary authority over 
control of the Chamber. For example, the Speaker has announced a policy 
of ensuring unimpeded access to the floor to Members during votes and 
quorum calls.(13) The Speaker has permitted interview tables 
to be established by the press in the Speaker's Lobby, just outside the 
Chamber.(14) The Speaker has responded to parliamentary 
inquiries regarding thermostat settings inside the 
Chamber,(15) and has refused to entertain a unanimous-
consent request regarding ceremonial displays that might interfere with 
the Speaker's discretionary authorities.(16) While the 
Speaker does exercise considerable authority over the use of the 
Chamber, the Chair has no unilateral authority to order the Chamber 
doors to be locked (although clause 4(a) of rule XX(17) 
authorizes the Speaker to have the doors closed during certain votes 
and quorum calls).(18) When repairs or renovations to the 
Chamber have occurred, the Speaker has made remarks to the body on the 
nature of such improvements.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. See Sec. 1.1, infra.
14. See Sec. 1.5, infra.
15. See Sec. 1.2, infra.
16. See Sec. 1.4, infra.
17. House Rules and Manual Sec. 1019 (2017).
18. See Sec. 1.6, infra.
19. See Sec. 1.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Capitol building and the Hall of the House itself have been the 
site of numerous security incidents in recent years, including a 1998 
shooting of Capitol Police officers. These types of security incidents 
have generally been the impetus for closed security 
briefings(20) held in the House Chamber (or elsewhere in the 
Capitol complex).(21) The 1998 shootings led to a gathering 
of the party caucuses in the House Chamber for Members to receive a 
briefing by the Sergeant-at-Arms and the Chief of the Capitol Police on 
the security developments.(22) The terrorist attacks of 
September 11, 2001, prompted a variety of classified security 
briefings.(23) Other periodic security briefings have been 
held in the Chamber,(24) in the Capitol Visitor 
Center,(25) and in the House office 
buildings.(26) The House has recessed in order to conduct 
emergency evacuation drills.(27) The House has also 
responded to other safety concerns, such as fire safety in the Capitol 
and House office buildings,(28) asbestos 
leaks,(29) and earthquakes.(30)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Parliamentarian's Note: Security briefings held in the Chamber 
        during a recess of the House or periods of adjournment should 
        be distinguished from secret sessions of the House, which are 
        formal (closed) meetings of the House to discuss sensitive 
        (often classified) material. When such secret sessions occur, 
        the Chamber is appropriately prepared to ensure secrecy_a 
        security sweep by the Sergeant-at-Arms and/or the Capitol 
        Police is conducted, and the galleries are cleared. The 
        addition of the Capitol Visitor Center has reduced the need to 
        use the Chamber for security briefings. For more on secret 
        sessions of the House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 85 
        and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1. For earlier briefings on topics 
        such as the progress of World War II (not held in the House 
        Chamber), see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 Sec. Sec. 4.3-4.6. 
        For a discussion of meeting outside the Hall of the House, see 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 10. For a more comprehensive 
        list of security briefings held in the Chamber (and elsewhere), 
        see Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 10.
21. See Division B, infra.
22. See Sec. 1.13, infra.
23. For an announcement that a classified briefing for Members would be 
        presented in the House Chamber during a recess under clause 12 
        of rule I, see, e.g., 147 Cong. Rec. 16761, 107th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Sept. 12, 2001). Other briefings occurred on September 
        13, September 14, September 25, and October 3, 2001.
24. See Sec. 1.14, infra.
25. See Sec. 9.3, infra.
26. See Sec. 1.15, infra.
27. See Sec. 1.10, infra.
28. See Sec. 1.8, infra.
29. See Sec. 1.21, infra.
30. Parliamentarian's Note: On August 23, 2011, the Senate was supposed 
        to meet at 2:30 p.m. in pro forma session. An earthquake 
        occurred in the Washington, D.C., area around 1:50 p.m., 
        causing the Senate to meet in pro forma session at the nearby 
        Postal Square Building. See Sec. 10.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As use of the House Chamber touches many facets of House procedure, 
the reader is also encouraged to consult the various precedents 
relating to ceremonies,(31) the functions of House officers, 
officials, and staff,(32) and the assembly and convening of 
the House.(33)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 36.
32. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
33. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 1 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

In General

Sec. 1.1 The Speaker announced that he had directed corridors to the 
    Chamber to be cleared during roll call votes and quorum calls to 
    ensure Members unimpeded access to the floor at those times.

    On January 15, 1979,(34) the following announcement was 
made regarding access to the House Chamber:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 125 Cong. Rec. 19, 96th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 623 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER.(35) Pursuant to clause 3, rule 1, the 
    Chair desires to announce that he has instructed the 
    Doorkeeper(36) and the Sergeant at Arms of the House to 
    assure that Members will have unimpeded access to the Chamber 
    especially during rollcall votes and quorum calls. Due to the 
    relative brevity of the period during which Members may be recorded 
    and because Members for obvious reasons are entitled to unhindered 
    access to any door of the Chamber from the elevators and corridors, 
    the Chair has directed that these instructions be strictly 
    enforced.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
36. Parliamentarian's Note: The Doorkeeper's duties have now been 
        transferred to the Sergeant-at-Arms. See House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 663a (2017). See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 1.2 Following the raising of thermostat controls in the House 
    Chamber to nearly 80 degrees (to comply with an executive order 
    implementing energy conservation measures), the Speaker announced 
    that: (1) standards for appropriate attire in the Chamber would 
    still be observed; (2) he had directed the Architect of the Capitol 
    to improve air circulation in the Chamber by the use of fans; (3) a 
    question of privilege could be offered to permit a relaxation of 
    the normal standards of dress; and (4) a Member currently on the 
    floor should remove himself and appear in proper attire consistent 
    with the Chair's statement.

    On July 17, 1979,(37) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. 125 Cong. Rec. 19008, 96th Cong. 2d Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. Sec. 621, 705, and 962 (2017). For decorum issues 
        generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. Sec. 40-66 and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 29.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER

        The SPEAKER.(38) The Chair wishes to make a 
    statement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        In recent days the Congress has undertaken measures to comply 
    with the President's Executive order implementing thermostat 
    controls for nonresidential buildings, most particularly by raising 
    the temperature in the Capitol and congressional office buildings 
    to 78 degrees. This effort to conserve energy has undoubtedly 
    resulted in some discomfort for Members, staff, and visitors to the 
    Capitol. As a result, some questions have arisen concerning proper 
    dress for Members when they are in the House Chamber. Over many 
    years and during some uncomfortable seasons, Members have respected 
    an unwritten standard. Historically, a coat and tie has always been 
    required for male Members and appropriate attire for female 
    Members. The Chair believes that the House should continue to 
    adhere to this practice. The Chair certainly intends to. Perhaps 
    the Chair reflects the views of his own generation but he feels 
    that this is one of the ways in which he shows his respect for this 
    institution.
        The Chair does not believe he should become an arbiter of 
    style. What color a person wears or the manner in which he or she 
    combs his hair is certainly a matter for individual determination.
        But the older Members will recall previous occasions when this 
    Chamber has been uncomfortable. We have now had about 3 days of 
    seasonal temperatures and humidity, and the Chair has had various 
    parts of the Chamber monitored for temperature readings. On 
    occasion, those readings have indicated temperatures in the high 
    eighties. The Chair does not believe those temperatures are 
    conducive to efficiency. It makes it more difficult for Members to 
    carry out their legislative duties, particularly when we are facing 
    many weeks of hard legislative work and long hours in this Chamber.
        While adhering to the President's guidelines, and while 
    maintaining the energy conservation steps which have been 
    undertaken by the Architect, at the Chair's direction, the Chair 
    does intend to see that steps are taken to provide for a better 
    circulation of air in the Chamber. The Architect informs us that 
    some large circulating fans can be installed which should 
    significantly improve the situation. Some have been installed. The 
    Chair would hope that these measures would permit us to maintain 
    our present standards of dress and, thus, some degree of formality.
        If any Member would desire to offer a resolution raising a 
    question of privilege of the House to the effect that Members may 
    relax their dress, such Member may so offer the resolution and the 
    Chair would recognize him for such purposes.
        Through the years, Members in this Chamber, long before air-
    conditioning, wore wigs and swallow-tailed coats and high mufflers. 
    The Chair thinks this history shows the respect for the Congress. 
    The Chair would ask the gentleman from Texas if he would kindly 
    remove himself from the floor and appear in the customary attire 
    that the Members of the Congress 
    wear.                          -------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, in view of the ruling by the 
    distinguished Speaker of the House, in the future would it be in 
    order, under clause 2 of rule I, which grants the Speaker power to 
    preserve order and decorum, to make a point of order against any 
    Members of the House who do not accede to the dress code that the 
    Speaker has described?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will advise the gentleman from Maryland 
    that the Chair hopes not to have to rule on a point of order 
    concerning a dress code for Members and would prefer that the 
    standards of dress be voluntarily maintained and accepted by the 
    Members.
        Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, would the Chair entertain such a point 
    of order if it were made?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair would not foreclose that at this time.
        Mr. BAUMAN. I thank the Chair.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair would ask the gentleman from Texas to 
    remove himself from the floor, and the gentleman can address the 
    House at such time as he is in the proper attire.
        Mr. [James] MATTOX [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker----
        The SPEAKER. The Chair is not recognizing the gentleman. The 
    Chair has made his statement.
        If any Member desires to offer a resolution to change the 
    customs and attire with regard to dress, as a point of privilege of 
    the House, the Chair would recognize the Member.
        For what purpose does the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. 
    Montgomery) rise?
        Mr. [Sonny] MONTGOMERY [of Mississippi]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to 
    commend the Chair. I think what the Chair has done today is 
    certainly in line and upholds the dignity and decorum of the House. 
    I would hope that the gentleman from Texas would remove himself and 
    come back in proper attire, and that at a later date a resolution 
    could be offered if some Member disagrees with the Chair's ruling.
        I commend the Speaker. I think you are standing tall, sir. 
    Thank you.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will say that he knows the gentleman 
    from Texas is embarrassing the Chair. Maybe the gentleman does not 
    feel this embarrassment himself, but the Chair would be more than 
    happy to recognize the gentleman if he will put on the proper 
    attire. He may then make the statement he desires to make.

Sec. 1.3 A resolution expressing the sense of the House as to the 
    proper form of attire worn by Members in the House Chamber gives 
    rise to a question of the privileges of the House under rule 
    IX,(39) as involving the comfort and convenience of 
    Members.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. House Rules and Manual Sec. 698 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 17, 1979,(40) the House laid on the table a 
resolution, offered as a question of the privileges of the House, 
permitting Members to dispense with coats and ties during the summer 
months when Federal energy standards required 80-degree temperature in 
Federal buildings:(41)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. 125 Cong. Rec. 19072-73, 96th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 621 (2017).
41. Parliamentarian's Note: Subsequent to the offering of House 
        Resolution 369, the House agreed to a resolution, also offered 
        as a question of the privileges of the House (House Resolution 
        370), reiterating the requirement that Members wear proper 
        attire as determined by the Speaker and denying noncomplying 
        Members the privilege of the floor. See 125 Cong. Rec. 19073, 
        96th Cong. 1st Sess. (July 17, 1979).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE--ATTIRE OF MALE MEMBERS OF HOUSE DURING 
                               SUMMER MONTHS    

        Mr. [Morris] UDALL [of Arizona]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a 
    question of the privileges of the House, and I send to the desk a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 369) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 369

  Whereas traditions of the House require that male Members wear coats and 
ties at all times in the Chamber

  Whereas national energy conservation policies now require that 
temperatures in the Chamber, The Capitol and House Office Buildings be 
maintained at new and higher levels during the summer months, causing 
unnecessary discomfort and inefficiency for male Members and employees; now 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That it is the sense of the House that during the period June 
1st to Labor Day in 1979 and each year the current energy or conservation 
policies are required (as determined by the Speaker for 1980 and subsequent 
years). Members may dispense with coats and/or ties so long as suitable, 
dignified, tasteful and appropriate clothes are worn; be it further

  Resolved, That at all other times and in all other respects traditional 
attire shall be appropriate. . . .

                   preferential motion offered by mr. bauman

        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    preferential motion.
        The SPEAKER.(42) The Clerk will report the 
    preferential motion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read as follows:

        Mr. Bauman moves to table the resolution.

        The SPEAKER. The question is on the preferential motion to 
    table.
        The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. 
    Udall) there were--yeas 89, nays 31.
        Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nay were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    303, nays 105, not voting 26, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 348] . . .

Sec. 1.4 The Speaker declined to entertain a unanimous-consent request 
    to permit ceremonial bunting(43) to remain hanging in 
    the Chamber, determining instead to exercise his authority over the 
    Hall of the House to permit the display.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Parliamentarian's Note: The bunting displayed was for the 
        commemoration of the Bicentennial of the Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 2, 1989,(44) the Speaker declined to recognize 
for unanimous-consent requests which would infringe upon his general 
authority under clause 3 of rule I(45) over the Hall of the 
House, as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. 135 Cong. Rec. 3220, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
45. House Rules and Manual Sec. 623 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           REQUEST THAT BLUE BUNTING OVER DOORS OF HOUSE CHAMBER BE 
                             ALLOWED TO REMAIN    

        Mr. [Sam] GIBBONS [of Florida]. Mr. Speaker, if I may be 
    recognized for one other brief unanimous-consent request, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the blue bunting over the doors adorned by 
    stars used in today's ceremony be allowed to remain in the Chamber 
    at the discretion of the Speaker.
        The SPEAKER.(46) The Chair will take that suggestion 
    under advisement and will consult with others and consider the 
    advisability of following the gentleman's recommendation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 1.5 The Speaker announced guidelines for a trial period for a 
    radio interview table in the Speaker's Lobby where reporters could 
    use tape recorders to interview Members while the House was in 
    session, and assured Members that recordings of Members' 
    conversations in the Lobby would not be permitted.

    On May 22, 1990,(47) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. 136 Cong. Rec. 11425, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER.(48) The gentleman will state his 
    parliamentary inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, the Speaker has recently announced a 
    new policy with regard to the use of the Speaker's lobby for the 
    recording by reporters by electronic device of interviews with 
    Members. There has been some concern expressed about that 
    particular policy with regard to the use of the recorders in the 
    Speaker's lobby since that is regarded as a part of the floor. In 
    particular, the concern is that you could have the use of very 
    sensitive microphones there that could record private conversations 
    that might be taking place in the Speaker's lobby, or even record 
    conversations at the periphery of the House floor itself that were 
    not meant for public consumption.
        I was wondering, under my parliamentary inquiry, whether the 
    Speaker could give the Members some assurance with regard to this 
    policy that the recording devices will only be used for individual 
    interviews, and would not be permissible for use as a means of 
    recording conversations in the Speaker's lobby as a whole.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct.
        Mr. WALKER. So in other words, under this policy, this is 
    strictly aimed at giving only the ability to interview individual 
    Members at the table, and those recording devices would not be 
    permitted to be on during other times that the reporter might be in 
    the lobby?
        The SPEAKER. The answer to the gentleman's parliamentary 
    inquiry is that the gentleman is correct.
        The Chair will ask the Clerk to read into the Record the 
    guidelines established by the Chair for the conduct of this trial 
    period of radio interview.
        The Clerk read as follows:

              Policy for Radio Interview Table in Speaker's Lobby

        (1) No tape recorder will be allowed inside the Speaker's 
    Lobby, other than at a table set aside for the purpose. This table 
    is provided for interviews, which should not disrupt the decorum of 
    the House. Tape recorders must be taken immediately to the 
    designated table.
        (2) No more than four tape recorders will be allowed at the 
    table at any one time. Reporters will be allowed to take tape 
    recorders to the table on a rotating pass system. Passes will be 
    distributed by the Radio/TV Gallery staff, who may, at their 
    discretion, set a time limit on the use of the pass.
        (3) The table can only be used for interviews of Members during 
    House sessions. It cannot be used during joint meetings or joint 
    sessions.
        (4) Failure to honor restrictions placed on news organizations 
    by the House gallery staff, or failure to return radio table passes 
    at the designated time, may result in revocation of a news 
    organization's right to use said passes in the future.
        (5) The radio table and the policy for its use is available on 
    a trial basis through the August recess of 1990. At that time the 
    table and its use will be reassessed.
        (6) All rules for broadcast coverage in the House will be 
    reevaluated by the Speaker's Office and the Executive Committee at 
    the beginning of each Congress.

        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.

Sec. 1.6 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Speaker pro 
    tempore stated that the Chair had no unilateral authority to order 
    doors to the Chamber to be locked during a pending series of votes.

    Under clause 2(b) of rule XV,(49) the Speaker may order 
that the doors be closed ``when a call of the House in the absence of a 
quorum is ordered.'' The Speaker has no other authority to order the 
doors locked, as evidenced by the Chair's response to the following 
parliamentary inquiry on June 11, 1997:(50)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. House Rules and Manual Sec. 892 (2017).
50. 143 Cong. Rec. 10665, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 7 Cannon's 
        Precedents Sec. 703 and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 20 Sec. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Donald] MANZULLO [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Robert] Goodlatte [of Virginia]). 
    The gentleman will state his parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Speaker, I would ask that the Chair direct 
    the Sergeant at Arms to lock the doors in order to keep the Members 
    in the Chamber so we can finish voting here in 5 minutes.
        Mr. [Jose] SERRANO [of New York]. I object.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair cannot order that at this 
    point.

        The Clerk will designate the next amendment on which a separate 
    vote has been demanded.

Sec. 1.7 The House adopted a resolution authorizing the Speaker to 
    designate individuals for admission to the Hall of the House for 
    the purpose of documenting the improved accessibility of its 
    rostrum, which allowed a Speaker pro tempore using a wheelchair to 
    preside over the House for the first time.(51)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. Parliamentarian's Note: Two articulating platforms had been 
        installed on the east side of the rostrum earlier in the 111th 
        Congress and had been successful in tests. Each platform moved 
        both vertically and horizontally to deliver a Member using a 
        wheelchair to the presiding officer's position. Pursuant to the 
        authority granted in House Resolution 1555, the Speaker allowed 
        a still photographer on the floor to document the historic 
        opening.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 26, 2010,(52) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. 156 Cong. Rec. 13938, 13939, 111th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. [James] Langevin [of Rhode Island]) at 2 
    p.m.                          -------------------

                                   PRAYER    

        The Chaplain, the Reverend Daniel P. Coughlin, offered the 
    following prayer:
        Lord God, Creator of all and Builder of a just society, this is 
    a House of pride and dignity because of its noble belief in free 
    people. By law and by policy through the years, interior freedom 
    has been uncovered as obstacles to equal opportunity have been 
    removed.
        By celebrating the accomplishments of the past 20 years founded 
    in the initiative of the Disabilities Act, Lord God, responsible 
    government has continued to embrace the advent and development of 
    Your people.
        Lord, here, may each child of disadvantage and every victim of 
    war and accident be given hope and grounding for personal 
    aspirations to achieve his or her full potential in Your sight.
        With the help of research, engineering, medicine, and 
    professional therapy, may government uphold the Nation's commitment 
    to equal opportunity in the pursuit of happiness.
        May every American rejoice and thank You, Almighty God, for the 
    next step and every step to be taken to afford open and full 
    accessibility to place and position for all citizens in a just 
    world. For this we pray, and we will continue to work, both now and 
    forever.
        Amen. . . .

        PERMITTING INDIVIDUALS TO BE ADMITTED TO THE HALL OF THE HOUSE 
        IN ORDER TO DOCUMENT THE IMPROVED ACCESSIBILITY OF THE HALL OF 
                                   THE HOUSE

        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, on this most 
    important day in the history of the House of Representatives, I 
    send to the desk H. Res. 1555, and ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentlewoman from New York?
        There was no objection.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 1555

    Resolved, That the Speaker, in consultation with the minority leader, 
may designate individuals to be admitted to the Hall of the House and the 
rooms leading thereto in order to document the improved accessibility of 
the Hall of the House.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

        THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT    

        (Ms. PELOSI asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Ms. [Nancy] PELOSI [of California]. Mr. Speaker, it is with 
    great pride and joy that I rise today to acknowledge the history 
    that you are making. By your leadership and your inspiration and 
    your education of the Congress, you have helped take us to a place 
    that honors the tradition and the goals of our founders; to improve 
    liberty and equality for all Americans.
        Today, through technology, under the leadership of the 
    Architect of the House, we are able to, in a way that is almost 
    magical, extend to you the privilege that you deserved all along, 
    to be able to preside over the House.
        I'm pleased that we are joined by our former colleague in the 
    House, and now a Senator, Senator Harkin, who was such a champion 
    in passing the Americans with Disabilities Act; our former 
    colleague, Tony Coelho, also a leader in that regard; our 
    colleagues who have worked so hard on that subject, Mr. Markey, Mr. 
    Kennedy; and the champion in our House on the Americans with 
    Disabilities Act, Steny Hoyer, our distinguished majority leader.
        Mr. Sensenbrenner has made this part of his legacy in the 
    Congress. Not so fast with the legacy, I know. More to come. But we 
    thank you for being the champion on civil rights that you are.
        And I see now that we have been joined by our distinguished 
    Republican leader of the House, Mr. Boehner.
        This is bipartisan effort. It has been all along. It is a cause 
    for celebration. It is a source of liberation. And it's important 
    to note that there's a reason Mr. Langevin is first. He is first 
    because of his courage. He is first because of his inspiration, and 
    he is first because when I became Speaker, he said to me, Now that 
    you are presiding, I want to preside too.
        So on that day, when we made history of having the first woman 
    Speaker of the House, it became clear that we had to make history 
    today in having Jim Langevin preside on this historic occasion, 
    which is a source of pride to all of us but also a source of 
    challenge as to how we go forward addressing the new technologies 
    so that we can continue to remove barriers to participation to all 
    Americans. It's better for them and it's better for our country.
        Now we can go forward clearly saying that we respect people for 
    what they can do, not judge them or limit them for what they 
    cannot, and that we can more fully honor the Pledge of Allegiance 
    that Mr. Kennedy led us in just earlier, one Nation under God, with 
    liberty--and this is about liberation--with liberty and justice for 
    all.
        Congratulations, Mr. 
    Langevin.                          -------------------

              HONORING THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMERICANS WITH 
                              DISABILITIES ACT    

        (Mr. BOEHNER asked and was given permission to address the 
    House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to join 
    the Speaker and the majority leader in recognizing the 20th 
    anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act.
        First I want to applaud you, Mr. Speaker, for making history 
    today as the first American with disabilities to preside over this 
    distinguished body. It's truly an inspiring sight and a reminder 
    that the disabled are, of course, among the most active and 
    functional members of our society. And it's a testament to the 
    historic measure that we're celebrating today.
        I also want to congratulate my colleague, Mr. Hoyer, the 
    majority leader, who I know played a key role in making this 
    legislation a reality, along with other colleagues from the other 
    body and retired, along with Mr. Sensenbrenner.
        But really I want to thank all of you for ensuring that we come 
    together, across the aisle when necessary, to make certain that 
    this act fulfills its original mission.
        Before the Americans with Disabilities Act, nowhere in the 
    world was there a comprehensive declaration of equality for people 
    with disabilities.
        In the medical community, people with disabilities are called 
    ``handi-capable'' because they strive and succeed in the face of 
    great personal obstacles.
        There was a time, however, when courage alone was not enough to 
    get them into their hometown theaters to see a movie or into office 
    buildings to apply for a job, much less to provide for their 
    families. Those wrongs were corrected on July 26, 1990, when 
    President George Herbert Walker Bush signed the Americans with 
    Disabilities Act into law on the South Lawn of the White House.
        On that day President Bush noted that it was roughly a year 
    after the Berlin Wall came down and said that this legislation 
    ``takes a sledge hammer to another wall, one which has for too many 
    generations separated Americans with disabilities from the freedom 
    they could glimpse, but not grasp.''
        For too long our Nation has kept Americans with disabilities 
    dependent, when they all yearned for independence. And the 
    Americans with Disabilities Act has given them the tools to do just 
    that, to quench their thirst for life, liberty, and the pursuit of 
    happiness. It has changed the lives of millions, and will do so for 
    many, many generations to come.

Physical Safety and Security

Sec. 1.8 A resolution alleging certain fire safety deficiencies in the 
    environs of the House and directing the appointment of a select 
    committee to inquire into the matter, gave rise to a question of 
    the privileges of the House concerning the safety of its Members, 
    staff, visitors, and records.(53)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. See 3 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 2659 (protecting the records of the 
        House from the threat of fire is a matter involving the 
        privileges of the House).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 10, 1988,(54) the House adopted a resolution 
offered as a question of the privileges of the House directing the 
Speaker to appoint a bipartisan select committee to investigate fire 
safety in the Capitol and House office buildings:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. 134 Cong. Rec. 10286, 10287, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE--SELECT COMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE FIRE 
              SAFETY IN THE CAPITOL AND HOUSE OFFICE BUILDINGS    

        Mr. [Curt] WELDON [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a 
    question of the privileges of the House, and I offer a privileged 
    resolution (H. Res. 440) and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 440

  Whereas on Thursday, May the 5th, a fire occurred in the congressional 
office of the Speaker of the House, Representative Jim Wright of Texas, 
located on the second floor of the Longworth House Office Building; and

  Whereas after smelling the smoke from said fire, Representative Curt 
Weldon of Pennsylvania attempted to assist in extinguishing it, only to 
find fire suppression equipment was not fully functional and available; and

  Whereas it was further discovered that the Longworth House Office 
Building had no manual or automatic fire alarm system to notify the 
Members, staff, and visitors in the building; and

  Whereas the occupants of the Longworth Building had to be notified of the 
potential danger by someone going to each individual office; and

  Whereas some occupants of the Longworth Building were improperly 
evacuated by way of the elevator which actually stopped on the fire floor; 
and

  Whereas some occupants of the Longworth Building were forced to exit 
through smoke filled stair towers none of which were enclosed; and

  Whereas preplanning and training for such emergencies was clearly 
lacking; and

  Whereas the Capitol, Cannon, Longworth, and Rayburn House Office 
Buildings are not required to comply with any Federal, State, or District 
of Columbia fire codes; and

  Whereas the safety of the Members of the House of Representatives, as 
well as staff and visitors to these buildings can not be assured; and

  Whereas the security of the files and records of the House of 
Representatives is in jeopardy because of the inability to respond to any 
fire situation; and

  Whereas the Congressional Fire Services Caucus, comprised of over 150 
Members of Congress, was recently established to advance the cause of fire 
safety in our Nation's Capitol and across the United States; and

  Whereas pursuant to the provisions of rule IX of the Rules of the House 
of Representatives any measure affecting the safety of the proceedings of 
the House represents a question of the privileges of the House: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That a Select Committee of the House be appointed, comprised of 
two members from the majority party and two members from the minority party 
of the House of Representatives to inquire into the origin of the fire 
which occurred in the Office of the Speaker, and to meet with Federal and 
local fire officials to report and list any Federal or local fire code 
violations or any other potential fire or life safety hazards, and report 
back to the House any recommendations or measures which they deem necessary 
to assure the safety of the Members, officers, staff, and visitors in the 
Capitol, Cannon, Longworth, and Rayburn House Office Buildings.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Kenneth] Gray of Illinois). The 
    resolution offered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Weldon] 
    does state a privilege of the House.
        Under the rule, the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Weldon] is 
    recognized for 1 hour. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid upon the table.

Sec. 1.9 During morning-hour speeches, a Member recounted for the House 
    a description of a terrorist attack inside the House Chamber on 
    March 1, 1954, and submitted for the Congressional Record a 
    detailed account of the attack written by the Clerk to the 
    Parliamentarian.

    On March 1, 1994,(55) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. 140 Cong. Rec. 3318, 3319, 103d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at 10:30 a.m. and was called to order by the 
    Speaker.                          -------------------

                              MORNING BUSINESS    

        The SPEAKER.(56) Pursuant to the order of the House 
    of Friday, February 11, 1994, the Chair will now recognize Members 
    from lists submitted by the majority and minority leaders for 
    ``morning-hour debates.'' The Chair will alternate recognition 
    between the parties, with each party limited to not to exceed 30 
    minutes, and each Member except the majority and minority leaders 
    limited to not to exceed 5 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. 
    Emerson].                          -------------------

         OBSERVANCE OF THE ATTACK OF MARCH 1, 1954, ON MEMBERS OF THE 
                       U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        The SPEAKER. Under the Speaker's announced policy of February 
    11, 1994, the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Emerson] is recognized 
    during morning business for 5 minutes.
        Mr. [Bill] EMERSON [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to 
    note the fact that it was 40 years ago today that the House was 
    assaulted by a group of terrorists who were in this corner gallery 
    here. This is not an occasion that we celebrate, but it is one that 
    we note, and 40 years seems to be a significant milestone.
        Mr. Speaker, I happened to be a Page at the time. That was the 
    second session of the 83d Congress. This being the second session 
    of the 103d Congress means that an awful lot of water has gone over 
    the dam in the intervening period. Another Page at the time, the 
    gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Kanjorski], I gather, will be here 
    at a later period today and may speak on this subject also and I 
    will join him then for further exposition of the event.
        Mr. Speaker, I shall not speak at length just now. I wanted to 
    say that there is a lot of curiosity on this subject, which is a 
    reason that I bring it up today. I was visiting recently with our 
    distinguished Parliamentarian, Mr. Brown, and his associate, Mr. 
    Johnson, and they told me about a file that exists in the 
    Parliamentarian's office noting the occasion, what happened on that 
    particular day.
        They called to my attention a memorandum in that file that was 
    written by an employee of the Parliamentarian's office, Mr. Joe 
    Metzger, whom I recall. Mr. Metzger apparently was given to making 
    side notes, separate and apart from the record, of occurrences in 
    the House of Representatives that were unusual in nature.
        On a day or so following the event of March 1 in the House of 
    Representatives, Mr. Metzger wrote a narrative describing what 
    occurred on that occasion, which, quite frankly, is as good a 
    report as I have seen anywhere. He was here. He saw it all. I too, 
    saw the event as it occurred.
        Mr. Speaker, I was the overseer of the Pages at the time on the 
    Democratic side of the House, so I had a very good view of the 
    gallery in which this incident occurred, but there was a difficulty 
    at that time getting ambulances and first aid to the Members who 
    had been wounded. Five Members had been wounded.
        Pages were called upon to be stretcher bearers. When the 
    ambulances arrived, I exited the Chamber, having helped carry a 
    couple of Members to awaiting ambulances, and I was not here for 
    the aftermath. Some of the more interesting details of that day 
    were in the aftermath of the shooting, which appear in Mr. 
    Metzger's account.
        Mr. Speaker, I include for the Record the account of Mr. 
    Metzger of the House shooting which he had prepared somewhere in 
    the day or so immediately following the incident on March 1, 1954. 
    I think the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Kanjorski] has 
    reserved time for a later period in the day, and I shall reserve 
    the remainder of my remarks and will join him on that occasion.
        The account of Mr. Metzger is as follows:

        On Monday, March 1, 1954 (83d Congress, 2d Session), the House 
    was considering a resolution from the Rules Committee, H. Res. 450, 
    to provide for the consideration of H.J. Res. 3, a joint resolution 
    amending the Act approved July 12, 1951, relating to the supplying 
    of agricultural workers from Mexico. After the previous question 
    was ordered on agreeing to the resolution, a point of order was 
    made that a quorum was not present, and the Speaker determined that 
    243 Members were present, a quorum. The question was put on 
    agreeing to the resolution, and a division being demanded, by Mr. 
    Cooley of N.C., the Speaker counted the Members rising in the 
    affirmative and announce that the ``Ayes'' would be seated and the 
    ``Noes'' should rise. At this moment, at approximately 2:30 p.m., a 
    fusillade came from the gallery of the House. Four Puerto Rican 
    terrorists, 1 woman and 3 men, fired 20 to 30 pistol shots from 
    Gallery 11, located in the southwest corner of the chamber to the 
    left and rear of the Speaker. The woman fired several shots, some 
    upward into the ceiling and probably also some downward into the 
    crowd of Members on the floor. She waved a Puerto Rican flag and 
    shouted ``Viva Puerto Rico.'' The men fired wildly into and among 
    the Members, scattering bullets from one side of the chamber to the 
    other. Five Members were wounded. Other bullets struck the table of 
    the majority leader, unoccupied seats, and also the side walls at 
    the rear toward the northeast corner of the chamber. The House was 
    thrown into a state of utter disorder, and the Speaker, on his own 
    initiative and without request from the floor, at 2:32 p.m. 
    declared the House in recess subject to the call of the Chair. 
    Members wounded were: Mr. Bentley of Michigan, Mr. Jensen of Iowa, 
    Mr. Davis of Tennessee, Mr. Fallon of Maryland, and Mr. Roberts of 
    Alabama.
        Other Members, including three who were physicians, Dr. Judd of 
    Minnesota, Dr. Miller of Nebraska, and Dr. Fenton of Pennsylvania, 
    assisted and gave first aid to the wounded.
        After a recess of about ten minutes the Speaker called the 
    House to order, and on motion of the Majority Leader, Mr. Halleck 
    of Indiana, the House adjourned at 2:42 p.m.
        Ambulances had been called and in a short time after the 
    shooting the wounded Members were taken to hospitals.
        Meanwhile, the Puerto Ricans who fired the shots had left the 
    gallery. The woman, Lolita Lebron, and two of the men, Rafael 
    Miranda and Andres Cordero, were captured and disarmed before they 
    were more than a few feet beyond the gallery door. The other man, 
    Irving Flores Rodriguez, escaped from the Capitol, but he was 
    arrested in a Washington bus station later in the day.
        Injuries sustained by the Members were as follows:
        Mr. Bentley of Michigan was struck high in the chest. The 
    bullet perforated the right lung; drove through the diaphragm; tore 
    through the liver, which was virtually shattered, and went through 
    the stomach. At the outset Mr. Bentley's condition was regarded as 
    critical, and he was said to have on a 50-50 chance to survive.
        Mr. Jensen of Iowa, was struck in the right shoulder. The 
    bullet passed across to the left side and lodged under his left 
    shoulder blade.
        Mr. Davis of Tennessee, was hit by a bullet which passed 
    through the calf of the right leg.
        Mr. Fallon of Maryland, was wounded in the fleshy part of the 
    upper thigh on the right side, and the bullet passed all the way 
    through.
        Mr. Roberts of Alabama, was struck in the left leg, the bullet 
    entering the fleshy area just above the knee and passing downward 
    and all the way through.
        Mr. Bentley, Mr. Fallon, and Mr. Roberts were taken to Casualty 
    Hospital, and Mr. Jensen and Mr. Davis were taken to Bethesda Naval 
    Medical Center.
        The Puerto Ricans involved in the shooting were identified by 
    police as belonging to the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. Two 
    other members of that party had tried to assassinate President 
    Truman in 1950, at Blair House on Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., which 
    was being used as the temporary Executive Mansion at that time. The 
    four terrorists were all residents of New York City. The woman, 
    Lolita Lebron, a divorcee 34 years old, boasted that the shooting 
    was planned on February 22d, and was staged to draw attention to 
    the question of independence for Puerto Rico. Accordingly to 
    police, the incident was timed to coincide with the opening of the 
    Tenth Inter-American Conference in Caracas, Venezuela.
        According to the District of Columbia Police, the guns used by 
    the Puerto Ricans and later taken from them were four automatic 
    pistols of German make, 3 9-millimeter Lugers (one with an 8-inch 
    barrel and two with 4-inch barrels) and a 9-millimeter ``P-38'' 
    Walther with a 4-inch barrel.
        The shooting came as a complete surprise. Many Members who were 
    present on the floor of the House at the time later stated they 
    thought a series of fire-crackers had been set off. Even after 
    seeing the pistols in the hands of people in the gallery, some 
    Members thought blank cartridges were being fired. Only after 
    seeing that some Members were wounded and seeing holes in the 
    furniture did many Members realize that real bullets were being 
    fired at the House in session. All found it almost incredible that 
    such a thing was actually happening.
        After the wounded were taken to hospitals, conferences were 
    held by the leaders of both parties regarding security measures 
    which might be necessary for the protection of the House and its 
    Members.
        All outstanding gallery cards were cancelled, effective the day 
    following the shooting. New cards were printed for distribution the 
    following day, with a request being made to all Members by the 
    Speaker that gallery cards be issued only to persons who could be 
    vouched for by each Member issuing the new cards.
        A Congressional Reception which had been scheduled at the White 
    House for the evening of March 2, 1954, was cancelled by the White 
    House.

        Expressions of indignation at the shooting and communications 
    expressing sympathy to the wounded Members were received by the 
    Speaker from far and wide. Thousands of letters and telegrams of 
    this nature were received. Many of the letters and telegrams came 
    from people in Puerto Rico. The Resident Commissioner from Puerto 
    Rico made a stirring speech in the House the day following the 
    shooting (Congressional Record, March 2, 1954, delivered during 
    recess but not in Record) to the effect that the people of Puerto 
    Rico were as disturbed over the matter as were the people of the 
    United States. The Governor of Puerto Rico sent his best wishes to 
    the Speaker on the day of the shooting, and on the following day 
    flew from Puerto Rico and called in person upon the Speaker to 
    denounce the shooting and convey the sympathies of Puerto Rico. The 
    House took a brief recess on March 2, 1954, for greeting the 
    Governor of Puerto Rico informally in the House Chamber.
        Resolutions and bills proposing security measures of various 
    kinds were introduced in the House for several days following the 
    shooting. The House on March 4, 1954, adopted a resolution (H. Res. 
    456) authorizing that necessary medical expenses for Members 
    injured by the shooting on March 1st be paid from the Contingent 
    Fund of the House.
        All five of the wounded Members had been discharged from the 
    hospitals by the end of May, 1954. Mr. Roberts, the last to return 
    to his duties, was walking on crutches and spent a lot of his time 
    in a wheel chair at the time of his return to the House on May 25, 
    1954. It was expected that Mr. Roberts would require medical 
    treatment for at least a year after his release from the hospital, 
    owing to the injured nerves in his leg. Mr. Bentley also continued 
    to require medical attention at the end of the 2d Session of the 
    83d Congress.
        The four Puerto Ricans were brought to trial in the U.S. 
    District Court for the District of Columbia. They were convicted 
    and given the maximum sentences for their crimes. Mrs. Lolita 
    Lebron was convicted on 5 counts of assault with a dangerous 
    weapon, but was given a verdict of not guilty on the counts of 
    assault with intent to kill. She was sentenced to serve 3 years and 
    4 months to 10 years on each of the counts for which convicted, 
    sentences to run consecutively. Thus her total sentence was to 
    serve from 16 years 8 months to 50 years.
        Each of the three men, Rafael Concel Miranda, Irving Flores 
    Rodriguez, and Andres Figueroa Cordero was convicted of 5 counts of 
    assault with a dangerous weapon and 5 counts of assault with intent 
    to kill. They were each sentenced to serve 5 to 15 years on each of 
    the counts of assault with intent to kill, sentences to run 
    consecutively. Thus, each received a sentence to serve from 25 to 
    75 years. Each of the men also received the same sentence as did 
    Mrs. Lebron, but the latter being for the same act of assault were 
    to run concurrently with the former. Thus, each of the men was 
    sentenced to serve a total of from 25 to 75 years.

Sec. 1.10 Under clause 12(b) of rule I,(57) the Speaker may 
    ``suspend the business of the House when notified of an imminent 
    threat to its safety'' by declaring a recess subject to the call of 
    the Chair, and pursuant to such authority, the House stood in 
    ``emergency'' recess for 30 minutes for the purpose of conducting a 
    Chamber evacuation drill.(58)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017). See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 39.
58. Parliamentarian's Note: This was the first use of emergency recess 
        authority, which was added to the rules on opening day of the 
        108th Congress. See H. Res. 5, 149 Cong. Rec. 7, 108th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (Jan. 7, 2003). Contrast this recess authority with 
        the traditional ``short'' recess authority under clause 12(a) 
        of rule I (House Rules and Manual Sec. 639 (2017)), which may 
        be used only ``when no question is pending before the House.'' 
        When proceedings resume under clause 12(b), the Chair restates 
        the allocated time (and other pertinent procedural information) 
        as of the emergency recess declaration. Before clause 12(b) was 
        added, there were two modern examples of emergency recesses 
        declared pursuant to inherent (not necessarily ultra vires) 
        authority of the Chair. See, e.g., 89 Cong. Rec. 1487, 78th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 2, 1943) and 100 Cong. Rec. 2434, 83d 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Mar. 1, 1954). For an example of a non-drill 
        emergency recess, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 39 Sec. 2.16.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 6, 2003,(59) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. 149 Cong. Rec. 5335, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Peter] HOEKSTRA [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 
    minutes to the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. [Sue] Kelly).
        Mrs. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 13.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Joel] Hefley [of Colorado]). The 
    gentlewoman will 
    suspend.                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 12(b) of rule I, 
    the Chair declares the House in emergency recess subject to the 
    call of the Chair.
        Accordingly (at 10 o'clock and 35 minutes a.m.), the House 
    stood in recess subject to the call of the 
    Chair.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr.[Ken] Calvert [of California] ) at 11 
    o'clock and 5 minutes 
    a.m.                          -------------------

                  MUSEUM AND LIBRARY SERVICES ACT OF 2003    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(60) When the recess was 
    declared, the House was considering H.R. 13 and 43\1/2\ minutes of 
    debate remained.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
60. Ken Calvert (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Hoekstra) has 22\1/2\ minutes 
    remaining and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Hinojosa) has 21 
    minutes remaining.
        Prior to the recess, the gentleman from Michigan had yielded 
    two minutes to the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Kelly), and the 
    gentlewoman from New York had 2 minutes remaining.
        The Chair recognizes the gentlewoman from New York.

Use of the Chamber

Sec. 1.11 A meeting of a party's caucus may be held in the Chamber of 
    the House during a recess.(61)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. Parliamentarian's Note: The mace was removed and the galleries were 
        cleared. While this was the first party caucus meeting in the 
        Chamber during a recess of the House, such meetings had 
        occurred during adjournments, prior to the convening of the 
        House. See 130 Cong. Rec. 24305, 24306, 98th Cong. 2d Sess. 
        (Sept. 5, 1984). See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 3 Sec. 3.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 30, 1990,(62) the following announcement 
was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. 136 Cong. Rec. 26690-91, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               ANNOUNCEMENT OF CONVENING OF DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS    

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I would like to 
    announce to the Democrats that we will have a caucus approximately 
    15 minutes or shortly after we recess this evening. We will have to 
    stay in and wait upon the Senate, so that will not delay us in any 
    event.                          -------------------

                            LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM    

        (Mr. HOYER asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to remind the Democratic 
    Members of the House of Representatives that we will have a caucus 
    in approximately 5 minutes, at a quarter of 6, in this Chamber.
        Mr. Speaker, I want to say to the minority leader, I very much 
    appreciate his consideration. This is an unusual step, in light of 
    the fact the House will be in recess.
        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. HOYER. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
        Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, might I inquire of the distinguished 
    chairman of the Democratic caucus, that if we go into recess 
    awaiting the action of the other body, and assuming there are no 
    glitches, but if there were, would it be in order for us to give 
    Members, say, 1 hour's notice that their presence would be 
    required?
        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, reclaiming my time so I may respond to 
    the distinguished minority leader, we will give no less than one-
    half hour's notice.                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(63) Pursuant to the order 
    of the House of Friday, September 28, 1990, the House will now 
    stand in recess subject to the call of the Chair.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. Gerry Studds (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Accordingly (at 5 o'clock and 43 minutes p.m.) the House stood 
    in recess subject to the call of the 
    Chair.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker at 7 o'clock and 55 minutes p.m.

Sec. 1.12 The Senate (and then the House) agreed to a Senate concurrent 
    resolution authorizing use of the Rotunda for an ``assembly'' of 
    House and Senate Members and Chaplains for a National Day of 
    Reconciliation to ``seek the blessings of 
    Providence.''(64)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. Parliamentarian's Note: On June 25, 2001, a bill (H.R. 2300) 
        calling for the two Houses to meet in the House Chamber for a 
        ``National Day of Reconciliation'' was introduced and referred 
        to the Committee on House Administration (147 Cong. Rec. 11805, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess.). On July 10, 2001, a similar measure was 
        introduced in the form of a concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 
        184, 147 Cong. Rec. 12766, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.). That 
        concurrent resolution was adopted by the House by suspension of 
        the rules on October 23, 2001 (Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 
        Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.2; 147 Cong. Rec. 20388-90, 107th Cong. 1st 
        Sess.). The Senate version on which the two Houses eventually 
        agreed relocated the gathering to the Capitol Rotunda. From the 
        earliest times, ceremonies of a religious nature have 
        traditionally not been held in the Hall of the House. In fact, 
        on November 19, 1804, the House adopted the following 
        resolution: ``That, in future, no person shall be permitted to 
        perform divine service in the chamber occupied by the House of 
        Representatives, unless with the consent of the Speaker.'' (H. 
        Jour. 17, 8th Cong. 2d Sess. (Nov. 19, 1804)). Apparently as a 
        result of excessive requests upon the Speaker, the House in 
        1828 ordered that the Chamber should be used only for 
        congressional business and religious services on Sundays. 5 
        Hinds' Precedents Sec. 7270. In 1880, the House adopted what is 
        now rule IV, which provides that the House must consent by 
        resolution to any non-legislative use of the Chamber. House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 677 (2017). See also: S. Con. Res. 45, 
        142 Cong. Rec. 4621, 4622, 104th Cong. 2d Sess. (Mar. 13, 1996) 
        (authorizing use of Capitol Rotunda for presentation of 
        Congressional Gold Medal to Reverend and Mrs. Billy Graham); 
        and H. Con. Res. 223, 147 Cong. Rec. 16761, 16762, 107th Cong. 
        1st Sess. (Sept. 12, 2001) (permitting use of Capitol Rotunda 
        for prayer vigil in memory of those who lost their lives in the 
        events of September 11, 2001).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 16, 2001,(65) the House adopted the Senate 
concurrent resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 147 Cong. Rec. 22910-11, 107th Cong. 1st Sess. The Senate adopted 
        the measure on November 13, 2001. See 147 Cong. Rec. 22270, 
        107th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 
        Sec. 6.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         PROVIDING FOR USE OF ROTUNDA OF CAPITOL FOR A NATIONAL DAY OF 
                                 RECONCILIATION

        Mr. [Thomas] REYNOLDS [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent to take from the Speaker's table the Senate 
    concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 83) providing for a National 
    Day of Reconciliation, and ask for its immediate consideration in 
    the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the Senate concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(66) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from New York?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66. Vito Fossella (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the Senate concurrent resolution, as follows:

S. Con. Res. 83

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring),

SECTION 1. USE OF ROTUNDA OF THE CAPITOL.

  The rotunda of the Capitol is authorized to be used at any time on 
November 27, 2001, or December 4, 2001, for a National Day of 
Reconciliation where--

  (1) the 2 Houses of Congress shall assemble in the rotunda with the 
Chaplain of the House of Representatives and the Chaplain of the Senate in 
attendance; and

  (2) during this assembly, the Members of the 2 Houses may gather to 
humbly seek the blessings of Providence for forgiveness, reconciliation, 
unity, and charity for all people of the United States, thereby assisting 
the Nation to realize its potential as--

  (A) the champion of hope;

  (B) the vindicator of the defenseless; and

  (C) the guardian of freedom.

SEC. 2. PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS FOR THE ASSEMBLY.

  Physical preparations for the assembly shall be carried out in accordance 
with such conditions as the Architect of the Capitol may prescribe.

        The Senate concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 1.13 The Speaker announced that following the day's adjournment 
    the majority and minority party caucuses would meet jointly in the 
    Chamber in a closed session to receive a briefing by the Sergeant-
    at-Arms and Capitol Police Chief on the tragic events of July 24, 
    1998.(67)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. Parliamentarian's Note: On July 24, 1998, two Capitol Police 
        officers were shot and killed by a lone gunman who had 
        infiltrated the Capitol. The security briefing in the Chamber 
        was held to give Members information on the sequence of events 
        that had occurred on the day of the attack and current security 
        protocols, as conveyed by the Sergeant-at-Arms and the Chief of 
        the Capitol Police. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 15 
        and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 38 Sec. 3.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 27, 1998,(68) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
68. 144 Cong. Rec. 17466, 17467, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(69) The Chair desires to announce that 
    following adjournment tonight, Members are invited to attend a 
    joint party conference caucus for a briefing here in the Chamber.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 1.14 Pursuant to clause 3 of rule I(70) and clause 1 of 
    rule IV,(71) the Speaker having authority over the Hall 
    of the House may permit its use for a closed briefing of Members 
    when the House is not in session.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. House Rules and Manual Sec. 623 (2017).
71. House Rules and Manual Sec. 686 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    During the customary colloquy on the legislative program on March 
11, 1999,(72) the Majority Leader announced that a national 
security briefing for all Members would be presented in the Chamber of 
the House before its scheduled session on the following Thursday:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
72. 145 Cong. Rec. 4338, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM    

        (Mr. BONIOR asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I have asked to 
    speak for the purpose of inquiring of the distinguished majority 
    leader the schedule for the remainder of the week and next week.
        Mr. [Richard] ARMEY [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman 
    yield?
        Mr. BONIOR. I yield to the gentleman from Texas.
        Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to announce that we have 
    had our last vote for the week. There will be no votes tomorrow, on 
    Friday, March 12.
        On Monday, March 15, the House will meet at 2 p.m. for a pro 
    forma session. Of course, there will be no legislative business and 
    no votes that day. . . .
        On Thursday, March 18, we expect a national security briefing 
    on the House floor from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. to discuss the ballistic 
    missile threat. Of course, all Members will want to attend.

    On March 18, 1999,(73) the House commenced debate on 
national missile defense policy, and the manager of the bill reminded 
Members that the closed national security briefing that they had 
received in the Chamber before the House convened on this day was 
classified:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
73. 145 Cong. Rec. 4863, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Floyd] SPENCE [of South Carolina]. Mr. Speaker, pursuant 
    to House Resolution 120, I call up the bill (H.R. 4) to declare it 
    to be the policy of the United States to deploy a national missile 
    defense, and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the bill.
        The text of H.R. 4 is as follows:

H.R. 4

   Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled, That it is the policy of the 
United States to deploy a national missile defense.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] Sununu [of New Hampshire]). 
    Pursuant to House Resolution 120, the gentleman from South Carolina 
    (Mr. Spence) and the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Skelton) each 
    will control 1 hour.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. 
    Spence).
        Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        (Mr. SPENCE asked and was given permission to revise and extend 
    his remarks.)
        Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, before beginning, I would like to 
    remind all Members who attended this morning's briefing with the 
    Rumsfeld Commission that the briefing was classified. Accordingly, 
    during the next several hours of debate, Members should take 
    extreme care not to discuss any of the details or specifics of what 
    they heard.

Sec. 1.15 The chair of the Committee on Armed Services took the floor 
    to announce a change in location for a classified briefing for 
    Members.

    On June 5, 2003,(74) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. 149 Cong. Rec. 13890, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ANNOUNCEMENT REGARDING CHANGE OF MEETING PLACE FOR MEMBERS-ONLY 
                              BRIEFING ON IRAQ    

        (Mr. [Duncan] HUNTER [of California] asked and was given 
    permission to address the House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, the briefing by Secretary Rumsfeld 
    that was to take place on the floor at 4 p.m. will take place at 4 
    p.m. in Rayburn 2118.

Sec. 1.16 Pursuant to clause 12 of rule I, the Chair declared the House 
    in recess subject to the call of the Chair to accommodate a 
    briefing for Members in the Chamber of the House.(75)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
75. Parliamentarian's Note: The 45-minute briefing was conducted at the 
        behest of the chair and ranking minority member of the 
        Committee on House Administration. It concerned a recent 
        finding of ricin in a Senate mail room. The briefing was 
        classified as ``law enforcement sensitive.'' It was conducted 
        by the House Sergeant-at-Arms, the Chief of Capitol Police, and 
        the Attending Physician. The Chief Administrative Officer also 
        was present to answer questions concerning distribution of the 
        mail.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On February 3, 2004,(76) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. 150 Cong. Rec. 928-929, 108th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(77) Pursuant to clause 
    12(a) of rule I, the Chair declares the House in recess subject to 
    the call of the Chair.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
77. John Shimkus (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Accordingly (at 7 o'clock and 10 minutes p.m.), the House stood 
    in recess subject to the call of the 
    Chair.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Carter) at 8 o'clock and 13 minutes p.m.

Sec. 1.17 By unanimous consent, the Chair inserted into the 
    Congressional Record certain policy statements by Speaker for 111th 
    Congress, including an inaugural statement on the use of the House 
    Chamber when not in session.(78)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78. Parliamentarian's Note: As mentioned in the Speaker's policy 
        statement, some Members had conducted a mock session of the 
        House during the August recess in 2008 in the House Chamber, 
        potentially giving the impression that these proceedings were 
        officially sanctioned events or actual sessions of the House. A 
        similar demonstration had occurred during a recess of the House 
        on November 18, 1995. This policy statement was in response to 
        events of that type and has been continued by subsequent 
        Speakers in each successive Congress. See 157 Cong. Rec. 106, 
        112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 5, 2011); 159 Cong. Rec. H27 [Daily 
        Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2013); 161 Cong. Rec. H35 
        [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 2015); and 163 
        Cong. Rec. H36 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 
        2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2009,(79) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. 155 Cong. Rec. 23-25, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(80) The Chair customarily 
    takes this occasion at the outset of a Congress to announce her 
    policies with respect to particular aspects of the legislative 
    process. The Chair will insert in the Record announcements 
    concerning:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. Tammy Baldwin (WI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        first, privileges of the floor;
        second, introduction of bills and resolutions;
        third, unanimous-consent requests for the consideration of 
    legislation;
        fourth, recognition for 1-minute speeches;
        fifth, recognition for Special Order speeches;
        sixth, decorum in debate;
        seventh, conduct of votes by electronic device;
        eighth, use of handouts on the House floor;
        ninth, use of electronic equipment on the House floor; and
        tenth, use of the Chamber.
        These announcements, where appropriate, will reiterate the 
    origins of the stated policies. The Chair intends to continue in 
    the 111th Congress the policies reflected in these statements. The 
    policy announced in the 102d Congress with respect to 
    jurisdictional concepts related to clause 5(a) of rule XXI--tax and 
    tariff measures--will continue to govern but need not be 
    reiterated, as it is adequately documented as precedent in the 
    House Rules and Manual.
        Without objection, the announcements will be printed in the 
    Record.
        There was no objection.

                           1. Privileges of the Floor

        The Chair will make the following announcements regarding floor 
    privileges, which will apply during the 111th Congress.

               ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER WITH RESPECT TO STAFF

        Rule IV strictly limits those persons to whom the privileges of 
    the floor during sessions of the House are extended, and that rule 
    prohibits the Chair from entertaining requests for suspension or 
    waiver of that rule. As reiterated by the Chair on January 21, 
    1986, January 3, 1985, January 25, 1983, and August 22, 1974, and 
    as stated in Chapter 10, section 2, of House Practice, the rule 
    strictly limits the number of committee staff on the floor at one 
    time during the consideration of measures reported from their 
    committees. This permission does not extend to Members' personal 
    staff except when a Member's amendment is actually pending during 
    the five-minute rule. It also does not extend to personal staff of 
    Members who are sponsors of pending bills or who are engaging in 
    special orders. The Chair requests the cooperation of all Members 
    and committee staff to assure that only the proper number of staff 
    are on the floor, and then only during the consideration of 
    measures within the jurisdiction of their committees. The Chair is 
    making this statement and reiterating this policy because of 
    Members' past insistence upon strict enforcement of the rule. The 
    Chair requests each committee chair, and each ranking minority 
    member, to submit to the Speaker a list of those staff who are 
    allowed on the floor during the consideration of a measure reported 
    by their committee. The Sergeant-at-Arms, who has been directed to 
    assure proper enforcement of rule IV, will keep the list. Each 
    staff person should exchange his or her ID for a ``committee 
    staff'' badge, which is to be worn while on the floor. The Chair 
    has consulted with the Minority Leader and will continue to consult 
    with him.
        Furthermore, as the Chair announced on January 7, 2003, in 
    accordance with the change in the 108th Congress of clause 2(a) of 
    rule IV regarding leadership staff floor access, only designated 
    staff approved by the Speaker shall be granted the privilege of the 
    floor. The Speaker intends that her approval be narrowly granted on 
    a bipartisan basis to staff from the majority and minority side and 
    only to those staff essential to floor activities.

           ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER WITH RESPECT TO FORMER MEMBERS

        The Speaker's policy announced on February 1, 2006, will 
    continue to apply in the 111th Congress.

                 ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER, FEBRUARY 1, 2006

        The SPEAKER.(81) The House has adopted a revision to 
    the rule regarding the admission to the floor and the rooms leading 
    thereto. Clause 4 of rule IV provides that a former Member, 
    Delegate or Resident Commissioner or a former Parliamentarian of 
    the House, or a former elected officer of the House or a former 
    minority employee nominated as an elected officer of the House 
    shall not be entitled to the privilege of admission to the Hall of 
    the House and the rooms extending thereto if he or she is a 
    registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign principal; has any 
    direct personal pecuniary interest in any legislative measure 
    pending before the House, or reported by a committee; or is in the 
    employ of or represents any party or organization for the purpose 
    of influencing, directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
    amendment of any legislative proposal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        This restriction extends not only to the House floor but 
    adjacent rooms, the cloakrooms and the Speaker's lobby.
        Clause 4 of rule IV also allows the Speaker to exempt 
    ceremonial and educational functions from the restrictions of this 
    clause. These restrictions shall not apply to attendance at joint 
    meetings or joint sessions, Former Members' Day proceedings, 
    educational tours, and other occasions as the Speaker may 
    designate.
        Members who have reason to know that a person is on the floor 
    inconsistent with clause 4 of rule IV should notify the Sergeant-
    at-Arms promptly. . . .

                       8. Use of Handouts on House Floor

        The Speaker's policy announced on September 27, 1995, which was 
    prompted by a misuse of handouts on the House floor and made at the 
    bipartisan request of the Committee on Standards of Official 
    Conduct, will continue in the 111th Congress. All handouts 
    distributed on or adjacent to the House floor by Members during 
    House proceedings must bear the name of the Member authorizing 
    their distribution. In addition, the content of those materials 
    must comport with standards of propriety applicable to words spoken 
    in debate or inserted in the Record. Failure to comply with this 
    admonition may constitute a breach of decorum and may give rise to 
    a question of privilege.
        The Chair would also remind Members that, pursuant to clause 5 
    of rule IV, staff is prohibited from engaging in efforts in the 
    Hall of the House or rooms leading thereto to influence Members 
    with regard to the legislation being amended. Staff cannot 
    distribute handouts.
        In order to enhance the quality of debate in the House, the 
    Chair would ask Members to minimize the use of handouts.

                 9. Use of Electronic Equipment on House Floor

        The Speaker's policy announced on January 27, 2000, as modified 
    by the change in clause 5 of rule XVII in the 108th Congress, will 
    continue in the 111th Congress. All Members and staff are reminded 
    of the absolute prohibition contained in clause 5 of rule XVII 
    against the use of a wireless telephone or personal computer upon 
    the floor of the House at any time.
        The Chair requests all Members and staff wishing to receive or 
    make wireless telephone calls to do so outside of the Chamber. The 
    Chair further requests that all Members and staff refrain from 
    wearing telephone headsets in the Chamber and to deactivate any 
    audible ring of wireless phones before entering the Chamber. To 
    this end, the Chair insists upon the cooperation of all Members and 
    staff and instructs the Sergeant-at-Arms, pursuant to clause 3(a) 
    of rule II and clause 5 of rule XVII, to enforce this prohibition.

                               10. Use of Chamber

        The Speaker will make the following announcement with regard to 
    use of the Chamber in the 111th Congress.
        The Chair will announce to the House the policy of the Speaker 
    concerning appropriate comportment in the chamber when the House is 
    not in session.
        Under clause 3 of rule I, the Speaker is responsible to control 
    the Hall of the House. Under clause 1 of rule IV, the Hall of the 
    House is to be used only for the legislative business of the House, 
    for caucus and conference meetings of its Members, and for such 
    ceremonies as the House might agree to conduct there.
        When the House stands adjourned, its chamber remains on static 
    display. It may accommodate visitors in the gallery or on the 
    floor, subject to the needs of those who operate, maintain, and 
    secure the chamber to go about their ordinary business. Because 
    outside ``coverage'' of the chamber is limited to floor proceedings 
    and is allowed only by accredited journalists, when the chamber is 
    on static display no audio and video recording or transmitting 
    devices are allowed. The long custom of disallowing even still 
    photography in the chamber is based at least in part on the notion 
    that an image having this setting as its backdrop might be taken to 
    carry the imprimatur of the House.
        The imprimatur of the House adheres to the Journal of its 
    proceedings, which is kept pursuant to the Constitution. The 
    imprimatur of the House adheres to the Congressional Record, which 
    is kept as a substantially verbatim transcript pursuant to clause 8 
    of rule XVII. The imprimatur of the House adheres to the audio and 
    visual transmissions and recordings that are made and kept by the 
    television system administered by the Speaker pursuant to rule V. 
    But the imprimatur of the House may not be appropriated to other, 
    ad hoc accounts or compositions of events in its chamber.
        There have been reports during a recent ``August recess'' that 
    the chamber was turned to inappropriate use by concerted activity. 
    Those reports included the solicitation of visitors to fill seats 
    on the floor to observe mock proceedings on the floor, 
    dissemination of bootleg ``coverage'' of these proceedings over the 
    internet, and lobbyist participation in the speechmaking.
        Things of this sort should not recur. Members correctly refer 
    to this place as ``the people's House.'' It is, indeed, the chamber 
    of the people's House of Representatives. It is for legislative 
    deliberations and ceremonies. It is not for political rallies. The 
    Chair enlists the good judgment of all Members to the end that this 
    chamber be preserved as the sanctuary of solemnity, deliberacy, and 
    decorum that the rules of the House ordain it to be.

Comportment of Members

Sec. 1.18 Under clause 7 of rule XVII,(82) it is not in 
    order in debate ``to introduce to or to bring to the attention of 
    the House'' persons in the gallery.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
82. House Rules and Manual Sec. 966 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 17, 2012,(83) the Chair reminded a Member of the 
prohibition in clause 7 of rule XVII:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83. 158 Cong. Rec. 11463, 11466, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. Sec. 5.3-5.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [John] GARAMENDI [of California]. Excuse me just for a 
    moment. I noticed in our gallery two gentlemen, soldiers, who are 
    here, both of them wounded in the wars. This is part of a group 
    that comes in here every day when we're in session to watch what 
    we're doing. They just stepped out the door, and I wanted to catch 
    them before they left to recognize them for the services that they 
    provide. They may come back in, in which case I will interrupt you 
    again.

                    Announcement by the Speaker Pro Tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(84) The Chair will remind 
    all Members that it is not in order to bring to the attention of 
    the House an occupant in the gallery.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
84. Blake Farenthold (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 1.19 In preparation for a joint session to receive a message from 
    the President, the Chair announced that the practice of reserving 
    seats by placard for the joint session would not be allowed and 
    that Members could reserve seats only by physical presence 
    following a security sweep of the Chamber.

    On January 24, 2012,(85) the following customary 
announcement was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
85. 158 Cong. Rec. 284, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(86) After consultation 
    among the Speaker and the majority and minority leaders, and with 
    their consent, the Chair announces that, when the two Houses meet 
    tonight in joint session to hear an address by the President of the 
    United States, only the doors immediately opposite the Speaker and 
    those immediately to his left and right will be open.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
86. Steve Womack (AR).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        No one will be allowed on the floor of the House who does not 
    have the privilege of the floor of the House. Due to the large 
    attendance that is anticipated, the rule regarding the privilege of 
    the floor must be strictly enforced. Children of Members will not 
    be permitted on the floor. The cooperation of all Members is 
    requested.
        The practice of purporting to reserve seats prior to the joint 
    session by placement of placards or personal items will not be 
    allowed. Chamber Security may remove these items from the seats. 
    Members may reserve their seats only by physical presence following 
    the security sweep of the Chamber.
        Pursuant to clause 12(a) of rule I, the Chair declares the 
    House in recess until approximately 8:35 p.m. for the purpose of 
    receiving in joint session the President of the United States.
        Accordingly (at 4 o'clock and 58 minutes p.m.), the House stood 
    in recess until approximately 8:35 p.m.

Sec. 1.20 Under clause 7 of rule XIV (now clause 5 of rule 
    XVII),(87) smoking is not permitted in the Chamber of 
    the House.(88)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. House Rules and Manual Sec. 962 (2017).
88. For a similar ruling in the Committee of the Whole, see 132 Cong. 
        Rec. 21707, 99th Cong. 2d Sess. (Aug. 14, 1986).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 15, 1990,(89) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries regarding smoking in the Chamber as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
89. 136 Cong. Rec. 29248, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY

        Mr. [Martin] RUSSO [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(90) The gentleman will 
    state it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. Richard Gephardt (MO).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, I was wondering if the Speaker would 
    advise the membership as to what the rulesof the House are in terms 
    of smoking cigars, cigarettes, and pipes in the Chamber.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has asked what the rules 
    of the House are on smoking on the floor.
        The Chair would advise the gentleman that clause 7 of rule XIV 
    states that ``neither shall any person be allowed to smoke upon the 
    floor of the House at any time.''
        Mr. RUSSO. I have a further parliamentary inquiry. Does that 
    mean Members can smoke behind the rail, or is that prohibited? Is 
    smoking behind the rail prohibited?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The chair would say to the gentleman 
    that the area behind the rail is part of the area of the floor of 
    the House, and smoking is not allowed.
        Mr. RUSSO. Under no circumstances can a Member have a cigar, 
    cigarette, or pipe lit on the floor of this Chamber, anywhere 
    inside this Chamber?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.
        Mr. RUSSO. Would the Chair indicate how we could enforce those 
    rules?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will attempt to enforce it 
    with officers and employees of the House.
        Mr. RUSSO. Well, let Members beware.

Sec. 1.21 Where the Speaker was informed by the Sergeant-at-Arms of a 
    possible hazardous material spill in the Capitol prior to convening 
    for morning-hour debate, the Speaker exercised authority under an 
    order of the House to dispense with morning-hour debate and convene 
    the House for legislative business at its usual 
    time.(91)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
91. Parliamentarian's Note: This was the inaugural use of the Speaker's 
        authority to dispense with morning-hour debate without also 
        changing the date for the convening of the House. This 
        authority was first incorporated into the order for morning-
        hour debate on January 7, 2014, which was added to enhance the 
        Speaker's ``continuity'' authorities and give the House greater 
        flexibility in responding to exigent circumstances.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 10, 2014,(92) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
92. 160 Cong. Rec. H6039 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House met at noon and was called to order by the 
    Speaker.                          -------------------

            COMMUNICATION FROM THE SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication 
    from the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives:

                                     House of Representatives,    
                                    Washington, DC, July 10, 2014.
  Hon. John Boehner,
  Speaker, House of Representatives,
  Washington, DC.

        Dear Mr. Speaker: As you are aware, the time previously 
    appointed for the next meeting of the House is 10 a.m. today for 
    morning-hour debate. This is to notify you, pursuant to clause 
    12(c) of rule I, of an imminent impairment of the place of 
    reconvening at that time. The impairment is due to an industrial 
    accident.

            Sincerely,
                                               Paul D. Irving,    
    Sergeant at Arms.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(93) Under clause 12(c) of rule I, and 
    the order of the House of January 7, 2014, the Speaker dispensed 
    with morning-hour debate today and notified Members accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
93. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 2. The Electronic Voting System; Legislative Call System

    Over the course of the last several decades, the House Chamber has 
been equipped with various forms of technology that assist Members in 
debate and in conducting votes. A microphone amplification system was 
installed in the 1930s(1) and television broadcasting was 
enabled in the 1970s.(2) To alert Members that a vote in the 
Chamber would be forthcoming, the House installed a legislative call 
system (signal bells) that would ring throughout the House side of the 
Capitol and the House office buildings at certain intervals to indicate 
a particular type of vote or quorum call.(3) The system was 
first used in 1890 and was significantly modified in 1963 to add light 
indicators in addition to bells, now integrated into House clocks. The 
system is still in use today, although the advent of mobile phones and 
Internet communications has provided alternate means for Members to be 
informed in a timely manner of votes occurring on the floor. The 
history and use of the electronic voting system was explored in a 
select committee report that centered on voting irregularities in the 
110th Congress.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 3, infra.
 2. Id.
 3. For a detailed description of the particular signals and their 
        meaning, see House Rules and Manual Sec. 1016 (2017). An 
        earlier version of the same information appears at Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 30 Sec. 31.2.
 4. H. Rept. 110-885, 110th Cong., 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The electronic voting system was installed at the end of the 92d 
Congress in 1972, and was first used in the 93d Congress in 
1974.(5) A resolution amending the rules of the House was 
adopted in October, 1972, to provide for procedures for conducting 
votes by electronic device.(6) On January 15, 1973, the 
Speaker inserted a statement into the Congressional Record detailing 
the protocols and policies that would be used when the new voting 
system became operational.(7) Over the years, Speakers have 
reiterated and revised these policies.(8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. Parliamentarian's Note: The idea for a mechanical or electronic 
        means of recording votes had been discussed in the House as 
        early as 1886, and hearings on the issue were held in the 63d 
        (1913-1914) and 64th (1915-1916) Congresses. See Electronic 
        Voting System in the House of Representatives: History and 
        Usage, CRS Report R41862, (June 13, 2011). However, it was not 
        until the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 that plans for 
        an electronic voting system were finally adopted. The Speaker 
        directed that a vote be conducted by electronic device for the 
        first time on January 23, 1973. See 119 Cong. Rec. 1793, 93d 
        Cong. 1st Sess.
 6. Clause 2(b) of rule XX authorizes the Chair to conduct record votes 
        and quorum calls under the alternate procedures prescribed in 
        rule XX if the electronic voting system malfunctions. House 
        Rules and Manual Sec. 1014a (2017).
 7. See, generally, Deschler's Precedents Ch. 30. The legislative call 
        system was designed to alert Members to certain occurrences on 
        the floor of the House, including votes, quorum calls, 
        adjournment of the House, and civil defense warnings.
 8. See House Rules and Manual Sec. 1016 (2017) and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 30 Sec. Sec. 31.1, 31.2. See also Speaker's 
        announced policies of January 3, 1991 (137 Cong. Rec. 65, 102d 
        Cong. 1st Sess.); January 4, 1995 (141 Cong. Rec. 457, 104th 
        Cong. 1st Sess.); January 5, 2007 (153 Cong. Rec. 274, 110th 
        Cong. 1st Sess.); January 6, 2015 (161 Cong. Rec. H34 [Daily 
        Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess.); and January 3, 2017 (163 Cong. 
        Rec. H35 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess.).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The electronic voting system consists of several elements. 
Throughout the Chamber, there are 46 voting stations where Members may 
vote using electronic voting cards. The voting card is inserted, a 
button depressed (indicating ``aye'', ``no'', or ``present'') and the 
information is relayed to a master terminal that tallies all such 
electronic votes. Members may verify that a vote has been properly 
recorded by inserting the voting card again and observing which button 
lights.(9) A tally clerk at the rostrum monitors the master 
computer, and when Members vote by ballot card in the well, the Tally 
Clerk manually enters the vote into the computer system.(10) 
The majority and minority parties also have monitors at their 
respective tables that relay vote totals in real time.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 30 Sec. 31.3. For a discussion of 
        malfunctions of the electronic voting system, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 30 Sec. Sec. 31.9-31.15.
10. All steps of the voting process are examined in the House report on 
        voting irregularities of the 110th Congress. See H. Rept. 110-
        885, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to the voting stations and the master computer, the 
electronic voting system also includes large display panels on the 
south wall of the Chamber, located above the press gallery. When 
illuminated, these panels display the names of all Members and how they 
have recorded their votes.(11) These display panels are 
supplemented by two smaller display boards on the east and west sides 
of the Chamber that display a concise description of the pending 
question, the current vote totals, and the time remaining before the 
minimum time for such vote expires.(12) The Speaker has 
typically announced to the House when changes or improvements in the 
electronic voting system have occurred.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Parliamentarian's Note: Under certain conditions, when new Members 
        are sworn in during a vote by electronic device, the electronic 
        system cannot be updated in real time to allow a display of 
        such Member's name, necessitating voting by ballot card until 
        the display panels can be altered. See, e.g., 157 Cong. Rec. 
        140, 112th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 6, 2011). The Chair has 
        refused to entertain a unanimous-consent request to turn on the 
        voting display panels when there was no vote or quorum call in 
        progress. See 144 Cong. Rec. 25770, 105th Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 
        12, 1998).
12. Such display boards are for informational purposes only and do not 
        carry any procedural or parliamentary significance. See 153 
        Cong. Rec. 24524-26, 110th Cong. 1st Sess. (Sept. 18, 2007) and 
        154 Cong. Rec. 8147, 8148, 110th Cong. 2d Sess. (May 8, 2008).
13. See, e.g., 120 Cong. Rec. 6021, 93d Cong. 2d Sess. (Mar. 11, 1974) 
        (vote totals now available by state or party) and 123 Cong. 
        Rec. 11024, 95th Cong. 1st Sess. (Apr. 18, 1977) (voting 
        results displayed on closed-circuit television broadcast of 
        House proceedings).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 3. Audio-Visual Broadcast of House Proceedings

    Audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings began in the 1970s 
and developed slowly over the course of that decade until full 
implementation was achieved in 1979.(1) In August, 1974, the 
House adopted a resolution providing for television coverage of 
possible hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon 
(although the issue was mooted by President Nixon's resignation later 
that month).(2) In 1977, the Speaker announced a 90-day 
trial period of recording House floor proceedings, with the stipulation 
that such material would not be made publicly available.(3) 
In October of that year, the House adopted a resolution authorizing in-
house (closed-circuit) broadcasting of House floor proceedings that 
could be viewed in Members' offices (but not off campus) and directing 
the Committee on Rules to study the possibility of full public 
broadcasting.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 3.1, infra.
 2. Id.
 3. Id. The House adopted a resolution later the same day (raised as a 
        question of privilege) directing the Committee on Rules to 
        conduct an investigation of possible broadcasting of House 
        proceedings.
 4. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In 1978, news media were provided with audio (but not visual) 
coverage of floor proceedings for an indefinite trial 
period.(5) Later that year, the Speaker announced that 
preparations would be made during an upcoming period of adjournment for 
full television coverage of House proceedings.(6) In early 
1979, the Speaker suspended closed-circuit broadcasting of House 
proceedings and announced the formation of an informal panel to advise 
him on regulations for television coverage (to prevent the unauthorized 
use of such coverage for commercial or political 
purposes).(7) On March 19, 1979, full public television 
broadcast of House proceedings was finally realized, with the 
cooperation of the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN), 
which distributes the broadcasts through its cable affiliates. C-SPAN 
and HouseLive now offer Internet streaming coverage as well, allowing 
public viewing of House proceedings on computers and mobile electronic 
devices.(8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. Id.
 6. Id.
 7. Id. The House resumed closed-circuit broadcasts the following 
        month.
 8. The Senate did not authorize full public broadcast of its 
        proceedings until 1986. See Sec. 10, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Rule V(9) of the standing rules of the House provides 
the Speaker with extensive authority to administer audio-visual 
broadcasting of House proceedings. Clause 1 of rule V provides for 
closed-circuit viewing of floor proceedings in Members' offices, while 
clause 2 authorizes the Speaker to ``administer, direct, and control a 
system for complete and unedited audio and visual broadcasting and 
recording of the floor proceedings of the House.''(10) The 
primary restriction on the use of such coverage is found in clause 
2(c), which prohibits use for ``partisan political campaign'' purposes 
or use in commercial advertising or with commercial sponsorship (except 
as part of news or public affairs documentary programs).(11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
10. Id.
11. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Speaker's exercise of the authorities contained in rule V has 
occasionally come under scrutiny by the House.(12) In 1984, 
the Speaker instituted a policy of having the cameras ``pan'' the 
Chamber during special-order speeches, with text appearing at the 
bottom of the screen to indicate that legislative business had 
concluded.(13) The Speaker's authority to implement such 
wide-angle coverage was the subject of some controversy, due to lack of 
formal consultation with the minority party.(14) This policy 
has been adjusted at various times, including during a trial period of 
``Oxford-style'' debates in the House.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. See Sec. 3.13, infra.
13. See Sec. 3.2, infra. Such protocols were not to be used during 
        ``interim'' special-order speeches, when legislative business 
        was scheduled to resume. See Sec. 3.4, infra.
14. See Sec. 3.3, infra.
15. See Sec. 3.5, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In 1985, the Speaker exercised the authorities under rule V to 
allow closed-circuit viewing of House committee proceedings for the 
first time.(16) Also in 1985, a question of the privileges 
of the House was raised, directing the Speaker to provide complete 
coverage of floor proceedings by including broadcast of the House while 
Members are voting.(17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. See Sec. 3.6, infra.
17. See Sec. 3.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Television broadcasting of House proceedings is aided by the 
Chamber's internal sound system, which predated visual broadcasting by 
several decades. Abortive attempts were made to install a system in the 
1920s, and in 1935, a resolution was introduced instructing the 
Architect of the Capitol to study the possibility of sound 
amplification in the Chamber using microphones and 
loudspeakers.(18) An initial public-address system was 
installed but swiftly removed (due to insufficient testing), and a 
permanent system installed in 1938.(19)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. 79 Cong. Rec. 660, 74th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 18, 1935).
19. 84 Cong. Rec. 3, 76th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 9, 1939).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The system remains largely unchanged since that time, with 
microphones positioned at the Speaker's desk and the Reading Clerk's 
lectern, and microphones for Members placed in the well of the Chamber 
and at the tables for the majority and minority floor leaders. The 
system is monitored from a control station situated in the gallery, 
which can be adjusted to accommodate the voice of each speaker. Members 
may use any microphone they wish,(20) though it is unusual 
for members of one party to cross the aisle and use microphones on the 
other party's side of the Chamber. Members are occasionally reminded to 
speak into the microphones so that they may be heard by the 
body,(21) and have been requested not to use malfunctioning 
microphones.(22) Members who do not heed the gavel or who 
interrupt other Members and interject remarks while not under 
recognition are not entitled to the floor, and the Chair may order 
microphones turned off in response to such disorderly 
conduct.(23) Members are also prohibited from disruptive 
conduct in the Chamber including denying others the use of legislative 
instruments such as lecterns and microphones.(24) During 
ceremonial joint meetings, at which a foreign dignitary delivers 
remarks in a foreign language, the Chamber has sometimes been equipped 
with headsets by which Members may hear simultaneous English 
translation.(25)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. See Sec. 3.11, infra.
21. See Sec. 3.10, infra.
22. See Sec. 3.12, infra.
23. See Sec. 3.13, infra.
24. Rule XVII, clause 9, House Rules and Manual Sec. 968(a) (2017).
25. See, e.g., 142 Cong. Rec. 2202-205. 104th Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 1, 
        1996); 143 Cong. Rec. 2759, 2760, 2762, 105th Cong. 1st Sess. 
        (Feb. 27, 1997); and 150 Cong. Rec. 1032-34, 108th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Feb. 4, 2004).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    By long custom, still photography inside the Chamber is generally 
not permitted.(26) However, each Congress, Members of the 
House sit for the official photograph of the House (which typically 
consists of one wide-angle photograph of the entire 
Chamber).(27) On special occasions, the House has, by 
resolution, permitted authorized individual access to the floor in 
order to take photographs and other recordings of House 
proceedings.(28) In the 115th Congress, clause 3(g) was 
added to rule II(29) to authorize the Sergeant-at-Arms to 
assess fines against Members for improper use of electronic devices for 
still photography or audio-visual broadcasting in the House 
Chamber.(30)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 3.5.
27. See Sec. 3.8, infra.
28. See Sec. Sec. 3.9, 5.1, infra and Sec. 1.7, supra.
29. House Rules and Manual Sec. 660a (2017).
30. Parliamentarian's Note: This addition to the standing rules of the 
        House came in response to protests by the minority party on the 
        House floor that included the use of mobile phones to broadcast 
        video of the protests via Internet streaming services. See 163 
        Cong. Rec. H7-H28 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 
        2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Pre-cable Television Broadcasts

Sec. 3.1 Prior to the advent of full television coverage of House 
    proceedings on the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN), 
    the House had previously made provisions to broadcast proceedings 
    of the House (including floor proceedings and committee activity) 
    on a limited basis, including closed-circuit television broadcast 
    to Members' offices.

    Over the course of the 1970s, the House experimented with various 
forms of audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings, culminating in 
the full cable broadcast on the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network 
(C-SPAN) in 1979. In one of the first instances of the House making 
provisions for television coverage, the House adopted a privileged 
resolution in 1974 permitting television, radio and photographic 
coverage of House proceedings of a resolution proposing impeachment of 
President Richard M. Nixon, and creating a special committee to make 
necessary arrangements for such coverage subject to approval of the 
Speaker (thereby waiving Speakers' rulings prohibiting such coverage of 
House proceedings).(31) The subsequent resignation of 
President Nixon mooted these authorities, provided on August 7, 1974, 
as follows:(32)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. See rulings of Speaker Sam Rayburn of Texas: 98 Cong. Rec. 1334, 
        1335, 82d Cong. 2d Sess. (Feb. 25, 1952) and 101 Cong. Rec. 
        628, 629, 84th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 24, 1955).
32. 120 Cong. Rec. 27266, 27268, 27269, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCAST OF PROCEEDINGS OF THE HOUSE OF 
                              REPRESENTATIVES    

        Mr. [Ray] MADDEN [of Indiana]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 802 and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 802

  Whereas clause 33 of rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives 
provides for coverage by television and radio broadcast of committee 
hearings which are open to the public; and

  Whereas there is no provision in said rules for coverage by television 
and radio broadcast of proceedings in the House Chamber, except that such 
coverage is prohibited by the ruling of previous Speakers of the House; and

  Whereas it is probable that there will be brought to the floor of the 
House for its consideration the question of the impeachment of the 
President of the United States; and

  Whereas the question of the impeachment of the President is of such 
historic and national importance as to command the keen interest of every 
American throughout the Nation; and

  Whereas television and radio facilities are available to broadcast 
throughout the Nation the historic proceedings in the Chamber of the House 
on the question of the impeachment of the President; and

  Whereas it is in the national interest that the historic debate be 
broadcast by radio and television facilities throughout the Nation: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That, notwithstanding any ruling or custom to the contrary, the 
proceedings in the Chamber of the House of Representatives on any 
resolution to impeach the President of the United States may be broadcast 
by radio and television facilities.

  Sec. 2. The Speaker of the House of Representatives is authorized to 
appoint a committee of five members, including the majority and minority 
leaders, to provide such arrangements as may be necessary in connection 
with such broadcast.

  With the following committee amendment:

  Strike out all after the resolving clause and insert:

  That, notwithstanding any rule, ruling, or custom to the contrary, the 
proceedings in the Chamber of the House of Representatives relating to the 
resolution reported from the Committee on the Judiciary, recommending the 
impeachment of Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States, may be 
broadcast by radio and television and may be open to photographic coverage, 
subject to the provisions of section 2 of this resolution.

  Sec. 2. A special committee of four members, composed of the majority and 
minority leaders of the House, and the majority and minority whips of the 
House, is hereby authorized to arrange for the coverage made in order by 
this resolution and to establish such regulations as they may deem 
necessary and appropriate with respect to such broadcast or photographic 
coverage: Provided, however,

  That any such arrangements or regulations shall be subject to the final 
approval of the Speaker; and if the special committee or the Speaker shall 
determine that the actual coverage is not in conformity with such 
arrangements and regulations, the Speaker is authorized and directed to 
terminate or limit such coverage in such manner as may protect the 
interests of the House of Representatives.

        Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        Mr. Speaker. House Resolution 802 provides that the proceedings 
    in the Chamber of the House of Representatives relating to the 
    resolution reported from the Committee on the Judiciary, 
    recommending the impeachment of Richard Nixon, President of the 
    United States, may be broadcast by radio and television and may be 
    open to photographic coverage. House Resolution 802 provides for a 
    special committee of four Members, the majority and minority 
    leaders of the House of Representatives and the majority and 
    minority whips of the House of Representatives, to arrange for the 
    radio, television, and photographic coverage. Their arrangements 
    shall be subject to the final approval of the Speaker of the House. 
    If the special committee or the Speaker shall determine that the 
    actual coverage is not in conformity with the promulgated 
    arrangements and regulations, the Speaker is authorized to 
    terminate the coverage in a manner consistent with the interests of 
    the House of Representatives. . . .
        The SPEAKER.(33) The question is on the committee 
    amendment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The committee amendment was agreed to.
        Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the 
    resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The SPEAKER. The question is on the resolution.
        Mr. [Earl] LANDGREBE [of Indiana]. Mr. Speaker, on that I 
    demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were-yeas 
    385, nays 25, not voting 24, as follows: . . .

    In 1977, the Speaker announced the beginning of a 90-day test of 
recording House proceedings, whereby an audio-visual transmission would 
be carried live to television sets within the Capitol complex but would 
not be released outside the Capitol for any purpose.(34) On 
March 15, 1977,(35) the following announcement was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. Parliamentarian's Note: At the time of this 90-day test, the rules 
        and precedents of the House did not permit the television or 
        radio broadcast of House proceedings or the use of the audio 
        and video excerpts from House proceedings outside the Capitol. 
        But pursuant to the Speaker's general authority over the Hall 
        of the House under clause 3 of rule I (House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 623 (2017)), the Speaker could authorize this limited 
        experiment in closed-circuit audio-visual broadcasting.
35. 123 Cong. Rec. 7607, 7608, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. Sec. 684, 704 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         AUDIO-VISUAL RECORDING OF HOUSE PROCEEDINGS--ANNOUNCEMENT BY 
                                THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(36) The Chair desires to make an 
    announcement. Today the House begins a historic 90-day test of the 
    audio-visual recording of our proceedings on the floor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Three cameras will audiovisually record the floor proceedings 
    from fixed positions in the Chamber, over the center clock, in the 
    periodical press gallery, and in the radio-TV gallery.
        The picture and sound will be carried on a closed-circuit 
    system to the Rayburn House Office Building, the only building with 
    the capability of receiving the signal. The proceedings may be 
    viewed on channel 3 of any television set connected to the master 
    antenna in the Rayburn Building, but will not be broadcast and will 
    not be released outside of Capitol buildings under the control of 
    the House for any purpose.
        Members should be aware that the coverage will last from the 
    opening gavel to the beginning of special orders on each 
    legislative day.
        The House rules do not permit television or radio broadcast of 
    House proceedings, or the use of audio and video excerpts outside 
    the Capitol. It is the Chair's intention to seek authority from the 
    House if it is considered appropriate to commence permanent 
    broadcast-media coverage or to permit use of video or live coverage 
    of the House proceedings by the news media. The Chair desires to 
    emphasize that during the 90-day test video and audio recordings 
    are not to be taken from any transmission for any purpose. The 
    Chair seeks the cooperation of all Members in insuring that the 
    test is conducted in a manner befitting the dignity of the House 
    and fulfilling the purposes for which it has been undertaken.

    Also in 1977, the chair of the Committee on House Administration 
announced that the committee had placed in operation a modification to 
the electronic voting system to allow the display of voting information 
during a rollcall vote on the closed-circuit television system being 
tested in the Chamber. On April 18, 1977,(37) the following 
announcement was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. 123 Cong. Rec. 11024, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                MODIFICATION OF THE ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(38) Under a previous order 
    of the House, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Thompson) is 
    recognized for 10 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
38. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Frank] THOMPSON. Mr. Speaker, as you know, the electronic 
    voting system, which is used here in the Chamber to record Member's 
    votes, has been modified many times in the past to comply with the 
    requirements of the House. Today, the Committee on House 
    Administration has placed in operation a modification to the system 
    which will allow the broadcasting of in-progress voting information 
    over the closed circuit television network being tested in the 
    Chamber.
        During a vote, the offices connected to the television network 
    will be able to follow the progress of the vote by observing the 
    summary display information on the screen consisting of vote totals 
    by party affiliation. The voting information will be updated every 
    20 seconds during each vote cycle.
        The Committee on House Administration is pleased that it can 
    continue to respond to requests for new features of the electronic 
    voting system that will assist the leadership and the Members 
    accomplish their responsibilities in a more efficient manner.

    Later in the year, the House adopted a privileged resolution 
reported from the Committee on Rules to provide for a system of closed-
circuit viewing of House proceedings, and for the orderly development 
(through the Speaker and the Committee on Rules) of a system for full 
audio-visual broadcasting and recording of House proceedings. On 
October 27, 1977,(39) the following resolution was adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. 123 Cong. Rec. 35425, 35426, 35428, 35437, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.; 
        House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Bernice] SISK [of California]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 866 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 866

  Resolved, That it is the purpose of this resolution to provide for a 
system for closed circuit viewing of the proceedings of the House and to 
provide for the orderly development of a system for audio and visual 
broadcasting thereof.

establishment of closed circuit system

  Sec. 2. The Speaker shall devise and implement a system subject to his 
direction and control for closed circuit viewing of floor proceedings of 
the House of Representatives in the offices of all Members and committees 
and in such other places in the Capitol and the House office Buildings as 
he deems appropriate. Such system may include other telecommunications 
functions as he deems appropriate.

study of broadcasting

  Sec. 3. The Committee on Rules shall conduct a study of all alternative 
methods of providing complete and unedited audio and visual broadcasting of 
the proceedings of the House of Representatives. The committee shall report 
its findings and recommendations as soon as practicable but not later than 
February 15, 1978.

establishment of broadcasting system

  Sec. 4. (a) As soon as practicable after receipt of the report of the 
committee, the Speaker shall devise and implement a system subject to his 
direction and control for complete and unedited audio and visual 
broadcasting and recording of the proceedings of the House of 
Representatives. He shall provide for the distribution of such broadcasts 
and recordings thereof to news media and the storage of audio and video 
recordings of the proceedings.

  (b)(1) All television and radio broadcasting stations, networks, 
services, and systems (including cable systems) which are accredited to the 
House Radio and Television Correspondents' Galleries, and all radio and 
television correspondents who are accredited to the Radio and Television 
Correspondent's Galleries shall be provided access to the live coverage of 
the House of Representatives.

  (2) No coverage made available under this resolution nor any recording 
thereof shall be used for any political purpose.

  (3) Coverage made available under this resolution shall not be broadcast 
with commercial sponsorship except as part of bona fide news programs and 
public affairs documentary programs. No part of such coverage or any 
recording thereof shall be used in any commercial advertisement.

authority to delegate

  Sec. 5. The Speaker may delegate any of his responsibilities under this 
resolution to such legislative entity as he deems appropriate. . . .

        Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the 
    resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(40) The question is on the 
    resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [John] ROUSSELOT [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I object to 
    the vote on the ground that a quorum is not present and make the 
    point of order that a quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    342, nays 44, not voting 48, as follows:

    Pursuant to this authorization, the Speaker announced that all 
accredited news media would be allowed, for an indefinite trial period, 
to monitor and distribute full audio coverage(41) of the 
proceedings of the House (but not for any commercial or political 
purposes) and requested cooperation in upholding the integrity and 
dignity of House proceedings. On June 8, 1978,(42) the 
following announcement was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. Parliamentarian's Note: Section 4(a) of House Resolution 866 (see 
        supra) authorized the Speaker to implement a system for audio 
        and visual coverage and broadcasting, but did not require that 
        audio and visual coverage be implemented simultaneously.
42. 124 Cong. Rec. 16746, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(43) The Chair desires to make an 
    announcement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to House Resolution 866, adopted by the House on 
    October 27, 1977, closed circuit audiovisual coverage of House 
    proceedings has now been made available to all three House office 
    buildings.
        Under the provisions of that resolution, all accredited news 
    media will be allowed beginning on Monday, June 12, to plug into 
    the House microphone systems and to distribute full audio coverage 
    of House proceedings for an indefinite trial period.
        The Chair desires to stress that none of such broadcasts may be 
    used for any commercial or political purposes. The Chair requests 
    the cooperation of all parties involved in this endeavor to assure 
    that the dignity and integrity of the proceedings of the House are 
    upheld.

    Similarly, pursuant to the authority to implement television 
coverage, the Speaker inserted in the Congressional Record an 
announcement that during the adjournment sine die of the second session 
of the 95th Congress, work would proceed towards implementing 
television coverage of the House. On October 14, 1978,(44) 
the following was submitted to the Congressional Record:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. 124 Cong. Rec. 38770, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                      TELEVISION COVERAGE OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, during 
    the period following adjournment, the work will proceed toward 
    implementing the recommendations of House Resolution 866 to provide 
    television coverage of the proceedings of the House. I have asked 
    the Honorable Charlie Rose to head an informal advisory group to 
    deal with all questions concerning this subject and to advise me on 
    the approaches that we should take on such matters as camera 
    angles, lighting, broadcast signal, and archival. Mr. Rose is 
    working closely with the Architect of the Capitol and the Clerk of 
    the House in completing the total effort. In the interim, any 
    questions or recommendations regarding the television system should 
    be directed to Mr. Rose.

    In 1979, the Speaker announced his designation of an informal panel 
to advise him on regulations governing the new audio and visual 
broadcasting system and distribution of reproductions therefrom, and 
further announced that, pending full utilization of the House 
television system, closed-circuit audio and video coverage to Members' 
offices would be permitted on opening day only, and that subsequent 
broadcasting would be suspended until the informal panel could advise 
the Speaker.(45)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. Parliamentarian's Note: During debate on House Resolution 5 (the 
        resolution adopting the standing rules), Rep. John Anderson of 
        Illinois was concerned that Members would continue, as some had 
        during the end of the 95th Congress, to reproduce video 
        broadcasts of their speeches on the House floor for 
        distribution to local stations. While the Majority Leader 
        pointed out that such distribution was not permitted for 
        commercial or political purposes, the Speaker declined to make 
        a broad statement totally prohibiting such distribution, 
        preferring instead to remind Members that the closed-circuit 
        system was for ``viewing'' only and that political 
        reproductions were not permitted.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 15, 1979,(46) following the adoption of the 
rules for the 96th Congress, at which time Members' ability to record 
and distribute video of floor proceedings was discussed, the Speaker 
made the following announcement:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. 125 Cong. Rec. 20, 96th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(47) The Chair would take this 
    opportunity to advise Members that he has, pursuant to clause 9 of 
    rule I, asked an informal panel to advise him on the full and final 
    implementation of broadcasting, telecasting, and closed circuit 
    viewing of the proceedings of the House. At the appropriate time 
    the Chair will announce his regulations pertaining to the 
    utilization of the new system and distribution to audio and video 
    reproduction from that system. In the meantime aside from closed 
    circuit viewing to Members' offices today for the convenience of 
    Members and their friends, there will be no audio or video coverage 
    of the proceedings of the House, other than the audio pickup 
    available to accredited members of the radio-TV gallery until full 
    implementation is completed. This is to enable the Chair's advisory 
    panel to devote its full resources to the earliest practicable 
    implementation of the new system.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. Thomas O'Neill (MA).

    The next month, the Speaker announced that pursuant to clause 9(a) 
of rule I (now clause 1 of rule V),(48) closed-circuit 
audio-visual coverage of House proceedings would resume on Monday, 
February 19, 1979, and further reminded Members that the closed-circuit 
system was intended for viewing in Members' offices only and was not to 
be utilized for commercial or political purposes. The Speaker also 
announced that his informal advisory committee on 
broadcasting(49) anticipated that complete audio-visual 
broadcasting and recording of House proceedings would begin in March. 
On February 15, 1979,(50) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
49. See supra.
50. 125 Cong. Rec. 2594, 96th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER.(51) The Chair announces that, pursuant 
    to the provisions of clause 9(a), rule I, closed circuit viewing of 
    House floor proceedings will resume effective Monday, February 19, 
    1979.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair would stress that under clause 9, rule I, the closed 
    circuit system to Members' offices only, and is not to be utilized 
    for commercial or political purposes. The Chair requests the 
    cooperation of all persons concerned to assure that the dignity and 
    integrity of the proceedings of the House are upheld.
        The Chair's Informal Advisory Committee has informed the Chair 
    that a system for complete and unedited audio and visual 
    broadcasting and recording of House proceedings will be available 
    beginning in early March. The Chair will announce his full 
    implementation of that system in the near future.

    Finally, on March 19, 1979,(52) a Member addressed the 
House in a one-minute speech to announce the first televised broadcast 
of House proceedings:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. 125 Cong. Rec. 5411, 96th Cong. 1st Sess. On April 3, 1979, the 
        chair of the ad hoc panel supervising the broadcast of House 
        proceedings announced that full nationwide broadcast of the 
        televised proceedings of the House had been achieved. See 125 
        Cong. Rec. 7054, 96th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            FIRST DAY OF TELEVISING OF HOUSE PROCEEDINGS A HISTORIC 
                                  OCCASION    

        (Mr. [Albert] GORE [of Tennessee] asked and was given 
    permission to address the House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. GORE. Mr. Speaker, on this historic day the House of 
    Representatives opens its proceedings for the first time to 
    televised coverage. I wish to congratulate the Speaker for his 
    courage in making this possible and the committee which has worked 
    so hard under the leadership of the gentleman from North Carolina, 
    Mr. Charlie Rose, to make this a reality.
        Television will change this institution, Mr. Speaker, just as 
    it has changed the executive branch, but the good will far outweigh 
    the bad. From this day forward every Member of this body must ask 
    himself or herself how many Americans are listening to the debates 
    which are made.
        When the House becomes comfortable with the changes brought by 
    television coverage, the news media will be allowed to bring its 
    own cameras into the Chamber. In the meantime, there is no 
    censorship. Every word is available for broadcast coverage, and 
    journalists will be able to use and edit as they see fit. It is a 
    solution for the lack of confidence in government, Mr. Speaker, 
    which will open government at all levels. I hope, for example, that 
    the leadership of the U.S. Senate will see this as a friendly 
    challenge to begin to open its proceedings.
        The marriage of this medium and of our open debate have the 
    potential, Mr. Speaker, to revitalize representative democracy.

Panning the Chamber

Sec. 3.2 In response to parliamentary inquiries about the Speaker's 
    directive that television cameras covering special-order speeches 
    include periodic wide-angle coverage of the entire House Chamber, 
    the Chair stated that such action was consistent with the authority 
    conferred upon the Speaker under clause 9 of rule I (now clause 2 
    of rule V)(53) to devise and implement complete and 
    unedited audio and visual coverage of the proceedings of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 10, 1984,(54) after the Speaker had directed the 
Clerk to implement periodic wide-angle television coverage of all 
special-order speeches (with captions at the bottom of the screen 
indicating that legislative business had been completed), the following 
occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. 130 Cong. Rec. 11892, 11894, 11898-11900, 98th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 THE INTEGRITY OF THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(55) Under a previous order 
    of the House, the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Walker) is 
    recognized for 60 minutes. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. George Darden (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        I am going to go into that incident in just a moment. But I do 
    want to take note of something that is evidently happening right 
    now which is a change of procedure here. It is my understanding 
    that as I deliver this special order this evening, the cameras are 
    panning this Chamber, demonstrating that there is no one here in 
    the Chamber to listen to these remarks. . . .
        Mr. [David] MARTIN [of New York]. It is most interesting as I 
    was in my office as many of the Members are from time to time, 
    observing the proceedings of the House and I noticed this new 
    procedure, and I was aware of the question that has been brought up 
    about the televising of the events of the House of Representatives 
    and I became aware immediately that something was different. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. I have a parliamentary 
    inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. LOTT. We have had a change in the way the House is run, the 
    decorum of this body, this afternoon, without any consultation, 
    without any prior notice, and I would like to make the inquiry as 
    to what is the basis for this change in the way that this House is 
    being run this afternoon.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. To the distinguished gentleman from 
    Mississippi, the Chair will cite the following rule, rule I, clause 
    9:
        9. (a) He shall devise and implement a system subject to his 
    direction and control for closed circuit viewing of floor 
    proceedings of the House of Representatives in the offices of all 
    Members and committees and in such other places in the Capitol and 
    the House Office Buildings as he deems appropriate. Such system may 
    include other telecommunications functions as he deems appropriate.
        (b)(1) He shall devise and implement a system subject to his 
    direction and control for complete and unedited audio and visual 
    broadcasting and recording of the proceedings of the House of 
    Representatives. He shall provide for the distribution of such 
    broadcasts and recordings thereof to news media and the storage of 
    audio and video recordings of the proceedings.
        Mr. LOTT. The Chair is saying then that this has been a 
    unilateral decision by the Speaker, without any prior consultation, 
    to make a fundamental change in the way this institution is shown 
    by the televised coverage.
        I know the gentleman cannot respond. I am making that statement 
    as to what I understood he read in the rules.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will respond to the inquiry 
    of the gentleman from Mississippi as follows:
        It is my understanding that the Speaker has in fact authorized 
    this change, and it is the Chair's ruling that he is authorized to 
    make this change pursuant to the rule of the House herein before 
    stated.
        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. I have a further 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Could the gentleman tell me what the change is?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is the Chair's understanding that 
    the rule is to be applied impartially.
        Mr. WALKER. Will the gentleman tell us what the change is? Is 
    the change to have the House covered completely from the moment we 
    go into session until we go out of session at night, with panning 
    of the Chamber, or is this only to take place during special 
    orders?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair is not prepared to respond 
    in detail and has no specific knowledge.
        Mr. WALKER. I yield to the gentleman from Ohio.
        Mr. [Bob] McEWEN [of Ohio]. Could the Speaker inform me as to 
    whether or not this is a result of the Democrat Caucus that met 
    yesterday for the purpose of discussing how they might call TV 
    signals and improve their TV coverage?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has no immediate knowledge 
    of any specific agreement.
        Mr. LOTT. Can the Chair assure this House that whatever change 
    has occurred, which the Members of the House were not informed of, 
    will be done fairly and impartially, and that the same procedures 
    that have been used this afternoon against the gentleman from 
    Pennsylvania will be used in the same way by the gentleman from 
    Wisconsin or a gentleman from Texas that might be having a special 
    order?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. To the gentleman from Mississippi, the 
    Chair is confident that the rule and any changes will be applied 
    impartially and absolutely fairly.
        Mr. LOTT. If the gentleman will yield further, I would like to 
    say that would surprise me based on what I have seen here today. It 
    has not been applied fairly and impartially. It has been a 
    partisan, political, cheap trick. I resent it, and I hope the 
    American people see it for exactly what it is. . . .
        Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, I would like to inquire if this new 
    policy is going to apply to the proceedings of the House from gavel 
    to gavel, or just during special orders, or just during times when 
    the votes are going on, when there is all kinds of activities, arm-
    twisting going on in the well; trying to change Members' votes. 
    What is the situation? Will it be gavel to gavel?
        If we are going to have this Chamber shown in its entirety with 
    panning and showing everything that goes on, even during votes in a 
    totally fair way, I probably would support that. I would like to 
    know, what is it going to apply to?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has no knowledge of any 
    specific changes which have been made in that regard and cannot 
    answer that question.

    On May 14, 1984,(56) the Speaker took the floor for a 
one-minute speech to respond to criticisms (above) that he had unfairly 
exercised his authority under clause 9 of rule I (now clause 2 of rule 
V)(57) to direct periodic wide-angle television coverage of 
the House Chamber during special-order speeches, and to announce that 
such coverage would include a running caption at the bottom of the 
screen explaining that the legislative business had been completed:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. 130 Cong. Rec. 12042, 12043, 98th Cong. 2d Sess.
57. House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        HOUSE TELEVISION PROCEDURES    

        (Mr. O'NEILL asked and was given permission to address the 
    House for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I took 
    the action that I took last Thursday because I had had so many 
    complaints and so many people had asked me to do what I did. The 
    interesting thing is, we stand up here with the 1-minute. Precedent 
    has been we go to the Democratic side then we go to the Republican 
    side. Equal. Nobody is cut off.
        At the close of the day we go into the special orders. Normally 
    we go to the Republican side; that is precedent. When the 
    Republicans are through, we go to the Democratic side.
        The last 30 days, just in the last 30 days, the gentleman from 
    Pennsylvania has asked for 26 hours out of the first 30. The 
    gentleman, Mr. Weber, has asked for 25 hours. The gentleman, Mr. 
    Gingrich, has asked for 27 hours. Unless you ask for at least a 
    week in advance, you cannot get ahead of those people. Even if a 
    Democrat asks a week in advance, even if there is something coming 
    along special that he wants to talk about, he has to wait until 
    those three gentlemen get out of the way.
        Now I am not yielding. Please, if the gentleman will kindly sit 
    down. I am not yielding.
        Now I want to talk about fairness. One member of your party 
    about a week ago stood at this microphone for 1 hour. He took 
    statements that were made by 20 different Democrats going back to 
    1968, ``This is what you said at that such and such a time.'' 
    Things change.
        Giving the thought and the idea that Members of Congress were 
    unAmerican, stepping aside, debating and pointing as if there were 
    people on this floor, asking ``Why don't you get up and answer 
    them?'' A more low thing I have never seen.
        I have a letter from you, Mr. Leader. ``Polarize the 
    Congress?'' If I have ever seen anything that would polarize the 
    Congress, it is matters of this sort.
        So I have had Members on my side, yes, we met, about 100 of us, 
    express total disgust with what was taking place-the challenging of 
    Members of the Congress in a special order when nobody was here.
        Oh, I know, Mr. Leader, Mr. Whip, you do not condone things 
    like that. The prerogative of the rules of this House give me the 
    right to stop that, gives me the right to say when there will be a 
    wide lens and when there should not be a wide lens.
        Three o'clock on that afternoon, I notified Charlie Rose; 
    nothing in the rules says that I have to notify you. Courtesy 
    probably said that I should have. That is a courtesy that your 
    Member never gave to the 20 Members whom he accused on the floor of 
    the House.
        The gentleman, it was not you, Mr. WALKER, that did it, and the 
    other gentleman, as far as I have been told by them, were never 
    notified.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
        Mr. O'NEILL. No; I will not yield at this time. The gentleman 
    can take his own time.
        I am just saying they were never notified, the 20 gentleman 
    were never notified.
        You get up on the floor and you name a gentleman; 3 hours, wait 
    around for 3 hours? Now you are saying something that you really do 
    not know.
        The gentleman that answers that, and I have to take the word of 
    the people that have come to me; members of my party who said to me 
    without a minute's warning, without a notice, without any mail, 
    they talk about a speech he made in 1972, a speech he made in 1968; 
    take it out of context.
        Well, let me say this to you, Mr. Leader and Mr. Whip, I have 
    had members of your party come to me and say ``We do not condone 
    what they are doing. We do not condone what they are doing.''
        You know, we go home, fly home to Ohio, fly home to New York, 
    people say: ``Why aren't you in the House? The House is in 
    session.''
        Is that right to give the people the impression, if you are 
    downtown, that you should have been on the Hill because people are 
    here pointing at this one, and pointing at that one and stepping 
    back for an answer?
        I had an obligation, that obligation was to this Congress. 
    There were a few who would do things of that nature, and let me say 
    this to you: If any member of my party did it, I would be on their 
    neck so quick they would not know what happened. I would not be 
    defending them; I would be taking the other attitude.
        My action is to defend this House.
        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Would the Speaker yield?
        Mr. O'NEILL. Yes; I will yield, certainly.
        Mr. MICHEL. Well, in the first place, the gentleman from 
    Illinois did not know of the other special order in which Members 
    were asked to come to the floor. I do not know about that 
    particular situation.
        What I was rather distressed about last Friday morning, I 
    guess, when I heard what had happened Thursday was that there was a 
    departure, obviously from the norm and that this Member was not 
    given one bit of word in advance that you were contemplating the 
    change.
        I do not mind the change if it is done in concert with 
    everybody that really ought to have a little bit of voice about 
    what goes on here and frankly----
        Mr. O'NEILL. I will say to you in fairness, while it is my 
    prerogative, I should have notified you. I notified the chairman of 
    the ad hoc committee, Mr. Charlie Rose, about 3 o'clock in the 
    afternoon. In fairness, I should have.
        As far as Mr. Walker was concerned, I did not know whether Mr. 
    Walker was on first or whether he was not on first, or whether Mr. 
    Gingrich or whether Mr. Weber. Normally, it is one of those three.
        I looked at the list today, I see a Democrat is on. Apparently 
    he asked for time before. If it was Mr. Obey or any other Democrat 
    who was first, they would have been the one that was panned instead 
    of Mr. Walker on the full, wide screen, because that was my idea at 
    that time I said, ``Starting today, we are going to show.''
        And I want to further let you know that I now intend to put a 
    runner, ``The official business of the House is completed, we are 
    on special orders.'' And that will be a runner that will run every 
    once in a while.
        Mr. MICHEL. May I ask the Speaker who will make the decision 
    then on where the panning takes place, at what time during the 
    course of the discussion, whoever is having that discussion? I 
    might add that I think some of our Members really got the whole 
    idea from Mr. Gonzalez on your side, who used to be down here hour 
    after hour, you know, for an extended period.
        Mr. O'NEILL. I am sure he was never personal with any Member of 
    this Congress; I am sure that he never ever pointed a finger at an 
    empty chair and accused a man of being unAmerican I am sure; and I 
    am sure that you do not condone a thing like that.
        Mr. MICHEL. I do not condone that. But what I would like to 
    know is when are we going to get about prescribing these?
        Mr. O'NEILL. The interesting thing about it, I had already 
    talked with my members and I had already planned on my side to have 
    an ad hoc committee to look into what has been going on and to look 
    into changing the rules and when do you plan for a thing like this?
        Mr. MICHEL. Would minority members have a voice in that?
        Mr. O'NEILL. Well, we are the majority; it is our 
    responsibility to see that this House is run in a fair and adequate 
    manner and that is what we try to do.
        Mr. MICHEL. Well, if it is fair, that is one thing.
        Mr. O'NEILL. I am sure if you want to appoint a committee of 
    your members to look into it. Furthermore, I am surprised that you 
    have not heard of what has been taking place around here. I mean, 
    there has been so much concern.
        Mr. MICHEL. I did not know of the incident referred to.
        Mr. O'NEILL. I am sure when 100 members of the Democratic Party 
    gather together to talk about what is taking place, I have not had 
    any personal feeling about it. My personal feeling is that 
    everybody, I think, and I hate to be political; we have been told 
    we are making votes, we are making votes.
        But it is not a question of making votes, it is a question of a 
    man standing before this microphone and pointing his finger to 
    people who are not in here and giving the belief to people at home: 
    ``That man made such a statement.'' It sounds ridiculous 20 years 
    later, maybe. ``Why don't you stand and defend it?'' And the man is 
    home is Massachusetts or the man is back in California or something 
    of that nature.
        Mr. Walker just happened to be the incident when it took place. 
    I did not know it was Mr. Walker. Had it been a Democrat, it would 
    have been the same thing. Today I understand there is a Democrat 
    on.
        We will take the wide lens. I do not think there was anything 
    wrong in what was done the other day. As a matter of fact, as far 
    as I can think the public thinks it was the right thing to do.
        I do not have anything else to say.

Sec. 3.3 The Minority Whip inserted in the Congressional Record 
    correspondence between himself and the chair of the Committee on 
    Rules and its Subcommittee on the Legislative Process, relative to 
    the operation and control of the broadcasting of House proceedings.

    On June 7, 1984,(58) the following submissions were made 
to the Congressional Record:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. 130 Cong. Rec. 15473-75, 98th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                 CAMSCAM II    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(59) Under a previous order 
    of the House, the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. Lott) is 
    recognized for 10 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. John Moakley (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the 
    House was prevented by the new Democrat Caucus-imposed rule 
    restriction on appropriations amendments, from voting on an 
    amendment by the gentleman from California (Mr. Lewis) to require 
    uniform TV camera coverage of our debates, gavel-to-gavel. As my 
    colleagues are well aware, this whole controversy was precipitated 
    on May 10 when the Speaker gave instructions to his control room 
    operators of the remote control cameras in the galleries, to begin 
    using wide-angle shots of the Chamber during special orders. As has 
    been pointed out on previous occasions, this was done without prior 
    notice or consultation with the minority.
        Mr. Speaker, yesterday was but one more indication that the 
    Democratic leadership is not willing to permit the House a chance 
    to decide on the wisdom or fairness of this new policy or consider 
    the alternative which we have suggested which is to permit the 
    viewing public to see the entire Chamber on a periodic and uniform 
    basis throughout each day's proceedings.
        I have met with similar resistance to hearings and 
    deliberations on this matter in the Rules Committee which has 
    direct jurisdiction over the broadcast rule--House Rule I, clause 
    9. I have written to both Chairman Pepper and Subcommittee Chairman 
    Long requesting such hearings so that we might responsibly exercise 
    our jurisdictional duties and defuse this partisan panning 
    controversy.
        In both instances my requests were rejected on the grounds that 
    a Democratic Caucus task force or committee is looking into this 
    matter, as is the alleged bipartisan Speaker's Advisory Committee 
    on Broadcasting. While I have no objection to have various ad hoc 
    party groups make their recommendations, indeed, our own Republican 
    conference has already endorsed a uniform panning policy, I do not 
    think this must be handled ultimately by a duly constituted 
    committee of the House, and the sooner the better.
        The caucus study committee is not likely to bring any rules 
    changes forward until the first day of the next Congress, and then 
    ask that it be included in the new rules of the 99th Congress, 
    without opportunity for Rules Committee consideration. The 
    Speaker's Advisory Committee presents even more difficult problems. 
    In the first place, it has been defunct since the 96th Congress, 
    despite efforts by the Speaker and Chairmen Pepper and Long to 
    claim its existence. Moreover, even if it is reactivated and 
    reappointed, it has a ratio of 4 Democrats to 1 Republican--hardly 
    a confidence building ratio in terms of a fair and bipartisan 
    solution.
        At this point in the Record, Mr. Speaker, I include my exchange 
    of correspondence with Chairmen Pepper and Long. In future special 
    orders I intend to further discuss the history of the Speaker's 
    Broadcast Advisory Committee. The items follow:
                                        Committee on Rules        
                       Subcommittee on the Legislative Process    
                                   Washington, D.C., May 15, 1984.
  Hon. Gillis W. Long,
  Chairman, Subcommittee on the Legislative Process, Longworth 
Building,
  Washington, D.C.

        Dear Gillis: I am writing to ask that you schedule at the 
    earliest possible time a hearing of our subcommittee on the matter 
    of current problems connected with the operation of the House 
    broadcasting system.
        As you know, considerable furor has been raised about the 
    Speaker's recent policy switch on camera directions during special 
    orders. While I do not question the Speaker's right under House 
    Rules to make such changes, I think legitimate questions have been 
    raised about its selective application and possible effects.
        Our subcommittee does retain oversight jurisdiction over the 
    House broadcast rule and indeed has listed it as one of our 
    possible areas for further study in this Congress in its March 1, 
    1983, oversight plan submitted to the Committee on Government 
    Operations. I think the time has come for us to take this 
    responsibility seriously, and on a bipartisan basis. I look forward 
    to your response.

            Sincerely yours,
                                                       Trent Lott.



                                        Democratic Caucus,        
                                U.S. House of Representatives,    
                                   Washington, D.C., May 16, 1984.
  Hon. Trent Lott,
  House of Representatives,
  Washington, D.C.

        Dear Trent: Thank you for your letter of May 15.
        As I'm sure you are aware, there currently exists a bipartisan 
    committee, charged with the responsibility of reviewing the 
    operations of the House Broadcast System. That is the Speaker's 
    Advisory Committee on Broadcasting of which I am a Member. David 
    Stockman held the Republican seat on that committee until he 
    resigned from Congress, and it is my understanding that his vacancy 
    has never been filled.
        That bipartisan committee is the appropriate vehicle to make 
    recommendations concerning the rules governing the televising of 
    House proceedings. Under the normal procedures of our Caucus, its 
    recommendations would be examined by our Caucus Committee on 
    Organization, Study and Review and by our full Democratic Caucus 
    before being introduced for action in the House.

            With very best wishes, I am
            Sincerely,
                                                   Gillis W. Long.



                                     House of Representatives,    
                                   Washington, D.C., May 22, 1984.
  Hon. Gillis W. Long,
  Chairman, Subcommittee on the Legislative Process, House Committee 
on Rules,
  Longworth House office Building, Washington, D.C.

        Dear Gillis: Thank you for your letter of May 16 in response to 
    my request for a subcommittee hearing on House broadcast-related 
    problems.
        I appreciate the fact that the Rules Committee had originally 
    recommended that some existing or new committee assist the Speaker 
    in the ``management, oversight, and improvement or all activities 
    and policies connected with audio and visual coverage and 
    broadcasting of House floor proceedings,'' and that the Speaker 
    initially appointed the ``Speaker's Advisory Committee on 
    Broadcasting'' in the 96th Congress for that purpose.
        However, in reviewing our leadership files, I have found that 
    the Advisory Committee has been defunct in the 97th and 98th 
    Congresses. On March 12, 1981, our Republican Leader, Mr. Michel, 
    transmitted to the Speaker the name of Congressman Bill Thomas to 
    replace Dave Stockman on the Advisory Committee. Some six weeks 
    later our ranking Republican on the House Administration Committee, 
    Mr. Frenzel, in response to an inquiry on the Advisory Committee, 
    had his staff check with the Speaker's Office and was informed that 
    the committee has not been reappointed by the Speaker. It is true 
    that Representative Rose has continued to assist the Speaker in an 
    advisory capacity in the 97th and 98th Congresses, but, in neither 
    Congress was the committee reappointed, nor was our leadership 
    approached on filling any vacancy.
        Moreover, even if the Advisory Committee is not reactivated, I 
    think you will agree with me that the ultimate authority for any 
    revisions in the broadcast rule is solely within our jurisdiction. 
    Republican Leader Michel, for instance, introduced H. Res. 500 on 
    May 17th, requiring uniform coverage of the Chamber throughout each 
    day's proceedings, and that resolution has been referred to our 
    committee.
        Because the House broadcast-related problems are of some 
    immediate consequence and urgency, I think it would be best to 
    approach this in a responsible, bipartisan fashion in our committee 
    right now, rather than to wait for the recommendations of either 
    the Advisory Committee or the Caucus Committee studying possible 
    rules revisions. I have therefore written to Chairman Pepper, who 
    also shares my concern about the future of House broadcast 
    coverage, and asked that this matter be taken-up by the Rules 
    Committee. I am including a copy of that letter for your 
    information.
        Thank you again for taking the time to respond so expeditiously 
    to my request. I do hope you will reconsider my suggestion in light 
    of the urgency of the problem and our committee's prerogatives and 
    jurisdiction over this issue.

            With warm personal regards. I am
            Very truly yours,
                                                        Trent Lott



            Enclosure.
                                     House of Representatives,    
                                   Washington, D.C., May 18, 1984.
  Hon. Claude Pepper,
  Chairman House Committee on Rules,
  H-312 Capitol Building, Washington, D.C.

        Dear Mr. Chairman: I read with interest your one-minute speech 
    in the May 16 Congressional Record in which you indicated that, 
    ``whoever perverts the use of television endangers the continuity 
    of that practice.'' You went on: ``It is just a question of time, 
    if that continues, until it will be discontinued.''
        As one who served with you on the Rules Subcommittee in 1977-78 
    that helped to develop the current House broadcast rule and 
    procedures, I share your concern that television coverage not be 
    allowed to dominate or distort our proceedings. You were the 
    pioneer in Congress who as long as 1944 introduced the first 
    broadcast resolution in the Congress as a means of bringing our 
    government closer to the people, and I think your continued efforts 
    over the years to bring this dream to fruition have realized that 
    goal.
        Because I share your concern about the future of the House 
    broadcast system given the current politicization and emotionalism 
    surrounding that issue, I think you can play an important role, as 
    both the founding father of congressional broadcasting and chairman 
    of the Rules Committee, in helping to resolve some of the problems 
    which currently surround House broadcasting. I would respectfully 
    ask that you convene either a hearing or meeting of the Rules 
    Committee and some of the principals involved to lay the bipartisan 
    ground work for some uniform rules of procedure for the operation 
    of the broadcast system in a manner that will not be construed by 
    either Members or the public to involve political manipulation or 
    control by either party. I think some excesses in this regard have 
    been committed on both sides of the aisle, but I am not suggesting 
    our committee rehash the details of those incidents. Instead, I 
    think we can play a constructive role in depoliticizing the issue 
    and insuring the future survivability of the House broadcast 
    system.
        As you know, our committee retains primary jurisdiction over 
    the House broadcast rule (Rule 1, clause 9), as well as oversight 
    jurisdiction over the broadcast system. In fact, our committee's 
    oversight agenda submitted to the Government Operations Committee 
    for this Congress on March 1, 1983, listed ``broadcasting of House 
    floor proceedings'' as one of the 98th Congress, as did the 
    Subcommittee on Legislative Process (H. Rept. 98-17, pp. 203 & 
    204). As such, I think we do have a legitimate responsibility and 
    obligation to the House to look into this matter.
        On May 5, 1984, as the ranking minority member on the 
    Subcommittee on Legislative Process, I wrote to Subcommittee 
    Chairman Gillis Long making the same suggestion, and he responded 
    on May 16 that the Speaker's Advisory Committee on Broadcasting 
    ``is the appropriate vehicle to make recommendations concerning the 
    rules governing the televising of House proceedings.'' Their 
    recommendations in turn, he went on, would be reviewed by the 
    Democratic Caucus Committee on Organization Study and Review 
    ``before being introduced for action in the House.''
        While the Speaker's Advisory Committee on Broadcasting was 
    normally bipartisan in the 96th Congress, with three Democrats 
    (Representatives Rose, Brooks, and Long) and one Republican 
    (Representative Stockman), it has not been officially reappointed 
    in either the 97th or 98th Congress, and today only Representative 
    Rose serves in an advisory capacity to the Speaker. Chairman Long 
    has erroneously indicated that the Advisory Committee still exists 
    and that the Republicans have simply not filled the Stockman 
    vacancy. The fact is that a replacement was presented to the 
    Speaker on March 12, 1981, by the Republican Leader, but no 
    appointments were made by the Speaker.
        Even if a working, bipartisan Advisory Committee still existed, 
    which it does not, it would have no authority to directly recommend 
    any rules changes to the House. That is our function under Rule X, 
    and I know you jealously guard our committee's prerogatives. 
    Moreover, the Rules Committee not has pending before it H. Res. 
    500, introduced by Representatives Michel, Myself and others, on 
    May 17th, amending the broadcast rule ``to provide for the periodic 
    visual broadcast coverage of the entire House Chamber on a uniform 
    basis throughout each day's proceedings.'' I think this resolution 
    could serve as a useful starting point for our committee in 
    attempting to defuse the issue of selective panning of the Chamber 
    during only part of the day's proceedings.
        I hope that you will take the above suggestions in the serious 
    vein in which they are intended. As a member of both the Republican 
    leadership and the Rules Committee, I share your concerns about the 
    institution of the House and the future of our broadcast system. I 
    strongly feel we should act now as the duly elected committee of 
    the House having jurisdiction over this matter before the situation 
    deteriorates further. I do not think we have the luxury of waiting 
    for the recommendations of a one-man Democratic advisory committee 
    or a Democratic Caucus task force, nor do I think it advisable to 
    proceed with this on a partisan basis as both approaches suggest. 
    The results, no matter how well-intentioned, can hardly be expected 
    to gain the confidence or acceptance of our part if we are not a 
    part of the formulation process. I think the Rules Committee, on 
    the other hand, as the leadership committee of both parties, can 
    proceed to address the problem in a bipartisan, responsible, and 
    dispassionate manner that will have the best interests of the 
    institution in mind. I hope you will agree.

            With warm personal regards, I am
            Very truly yours,
                                                       Trent Lott.



                             U.S. House of Representatives        
                                            Committee on Rules    
                                   Washington, D.C., May 24, 1984.
  Hon. Trent Lott,
  2400 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C.

        Dear Trent: I am in receipt of your letter dated May 18, 1984, 
    concerning the subject of the House broadcasting system.
        I know you are aware of the Speaker's Advisory Committee on 
    Broadcasting, a bipartisan group dedicated to reviewing the 
    operation of the broadcast system. Additionally, the Speaker has 
    referred the matter to the Democratic Caucus Committee on 
    Organization, Study, and Review, which is chaired by our able Rules 
    Committee colleague, Martin Frost.
        In light of this, I think it is better that we do not consider 
    the question of the House broadcast system at this time. The 
    Committee, of course, retains jurisdiction over the matter and we 
    may wish to undertake some study in the future.

            Kindest regards, and
            Always sincerely,
                                          Claude Pepper, Chairman.

Sec. 3.4 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Speaker pro 
    tempore indicated that the Speaker's directive of the 98th 
    Congress(60) (that there be periodic wide-angle 
    television coverage of special-order speeches with captions 
    indicating completion of all legislative business), did not apply 
    in situations where legislative business would be resumed, and that 
    the Clerk had properly focused the cameras only on the Member 
    speaking during such interim special orders.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
60. See Sec. 3.2, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On December 19, 1985,(61) the Chair entertained 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. 131 Cong. Rec. 38106-107, 99th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES    

        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(62) The gentleman will 
    state it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. Dale Kildee (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, it has been my understanding that as 
    of last year the ruling of the Chair is that while we are 
    proceeding on special orders that the entire Chamber of the House 
    is to be shown at intervals while we are in the process of 
    proceeding with those special orders.
        It is my understanding that during the special orders that have 
    taken place both yesterday and today, that particular ruling of the 
    Chair has not been followed.
        Can the Chair inform us whether or not this is another instance 
    where we have changed the rules without informing the membership of 
    the change, or just why it is that under these circumstances the 
    special orders evidently have not followed the procedures of the 
    Chair with regard to the television cameras?(63)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. Parliamentarian's Note: Rep. Walker's assertion that cameras had 
        panned the Chamber the preceding week during interim special 
        orders was incorrect, as the Clerk had never provided such 
        panning coverage unless the ``crawl'' under the picture 
        indicated that legislative business had been completed for the 
        day.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Dale] Kildee [of Michigan]). The 
    Chair is not aware of any change in the Speaker's guidelines. I 
    suppose the gentleman could address his comments to those who 
    originally made that decision, but the Chair is not aware of any 
    change in the application of the guidelines.
        The Chair did announce that the House has not yet completed 
    legislative business for the day and would return to legislative 
    business.
        Mr. WALKER. A further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        It is my understanding that the ruling of the Chair related to 
    the time spent on special orders. I am not aware that it had any 
    provision in it that if those special orders come before 
    legislative business has been completed that at that point the 
    cameras would not sweep the Chamber. My understanding was that once 
    we go onto special orders that the cameras are supposed to be 
    sweeping the entire House. That has not been happening.
        The only thing I can assume is that we have had a change in 
    policy that has taken place. If I understand the Chair correctly, 
    there has been no change in policy, so then my question is: Why are 
    the rules not being followed?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk's interpretation of that 
    change was that that was to be done after legislative business has 
    been completed. The cameras have never panned the House until that 
    time. The Speaker's guidelines provide that until such time as all 
    legislative business has been completed with a crawl on the screen 
    so indicating the cameras will not pan the House, and legislative 
    business has not yet been completed today.
        Mr. WALKER. A further parliamentary inquiry. It seems to me 
    that this is a different interpretation from anything that the 
    Members have ever been informed of, and that indeed, then, it 
    sounds to me as though we are making another one of these changes 
    that takes place without any information coming to the minority.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will respond again.
        This has been the practice, and the last 2 days have not been 
    different than prior practice. Prior practice has been that at the 
    end of legislative business when the House proceeds on special 
    orders, the camera will pan the entire House.
        The House has not completed legislative business today, nor had 
    it yesterday.
        Mr. WALKER. A further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        Then why, last Wednesday, when we had a similar circumstance on 
    a special order that was taking place prior to legislative business 
    being completed, that the Chamber was being swept? Am I to 
    understand at that point, then, that the rules were not being 
    observed?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. If there has been inconsistency, it 
    has not been intentional and the Chair will look into that.
        Mr. WALKER. A further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        Can we not, then, have a definitive statement of just what the 
    policy is with regard to panning the Chamber during the time that 
    special orders are under way?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will refer the response to 
    that question that the gentleman just asked again to the Speaker 
    and on the Speaker pro tempore.
        Mr. WALKER. A further parliamentary inquiry: Are we going to 
    have a definitive statement made on that prior to the close of 
    business today?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will look into the matter 
    and raise the gentleman's question with the Speaker.
        Mr. WALKER. I thank the Chair.

Sec. 3.5 After the House had agreed to a 90-day trial period of 
    periodic structured debates during special-order speeches and 
    morning-hour debate on certain days, the Speaker announced a 
    suspension of the policy of panning the Chamber during such non-
    legislative debate.

    On February 11, 1994,(64) the House agreed to a trial 
period of structured ``Oxford-style'' debates during special-order 
speeches and morning-hour debate, with revisions to the policy of 
panning the Chamber as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. 140 Cong. Rec. 2244, 103d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        VACATION OF PREVIOUSLY GRANTED SPECIAL ORDERS AND ESTABLISHMENT 
          OF FORMAT FOR RECOGNITION OF FUTURE SPECIAL ORDERS     . . .

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(65) With respect to special orders to 
    address the House for up to 1 hour at the conclusion of legislative 
    business or on days when no legislative business is scheduled, the 
    Chair announces that: . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Third, pursuant to clause 9(b)(1) of rule 1, during this trial 
    period the television cameras will not pan the Chamber, but a crawl 
    indicating morning hour or that the House has completed its 
    legislative business and is proceeding with special-order speeches 
    will appear on the screen. Other television camera adaptations 
    during this period may be announced by the Chair; . . .

Other Broadcasting Issues

Sec. 3.6 The Speaker exercised authority under clause 9(a) of rule I 
    (now clause 1 of rule V)(66) to permit closed-circuit 
    television viewing, for the first time, of legislative proceedings 
    other than House floor proceedings (in this case, proceedings of 
    the Committee on House Administration).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66. House Rules and Manual Sec. 684 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On April 29, 1985,(67) a Member announced to the House 
the Speaker's directive to telecast proceedings of the Committee on 
House Administration task force (conducting a recount of ballots in an 
election contest) that was filmed by and provided to the House by the 
National Republican Congressional Committee:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. 131 Cong. Rec. 9702, 99th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 2 Sec. 4.2; Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 8; and 
        Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         VIEWING OF TASK FORCE PROCEEDINGS ON INDIANA ELECTION CONTEST 
                                 SCHEDULED    

        (Mr. ROSE asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Charles] ROSE [of North Carolina]. Mr. Speaker, beginning 
    this afternoon at 2 o'clock over the House of Representatives in-
    house television system, the House Broadcasting System will begin 
    showing the first half of approximately 9 hours and 6 minutes of 
    videotapes of the elections task force meeting in Evansville, IN.
        The tapes will not constitute an official record of the task 
    force or committee proceedings, and the proceedings were actually 
    filmed by and the tapes provided by the National Republican 
    Congressional Committee. These tapes will be about 9 hours and 6 
    minutes of a total of 28 hours and 43 minutes of public task force 
    and committee deliberations. They do not contain a full record of 
    all the discussion of any of the issues decided. The Speaker of the 
    House has agreed that these tapes will be shown, as he was 
    requested by the minority leader, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. 
    Michel].
        Mr. [William] FRENZEL [of Minnesota]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. ROSE. I am happy to yield to the gentleman from Minnesota.
        Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
        We on the minority side are delighted that this broadcast will 
    begin. At the Speaker's request, there will be a disclaimer showing 
    that the films were indeed made by and are the property of the 
    National Republican Congressional Committee. The gentleman from 
    North Carolina has graciously guaranteed that this videotape, which 
    is the property of its owner, will not be copied by the Architect 
    or the House Broadcasting System.
        I would take this time to remind the Members that those of you 
    who have VCR equipment in your offices got it under the rules that 
    any use of it will be for your own personal use exclusively, and 
    that any transfer to other parties by lease, sale, or gift or for 
    any other purposes is expressly forbidden. It is the desire of the 
    owners of these tapes, and in accordance with the House rules, as 
    nearly as I can figure, that they be used for the education of 
    House Members exclusively, and I would ask the gentleman from North 
    Carolina whether that is his understanding in this matter.
        Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, that is my understanding. The gentleman 
    has stated it correctly.
        Mr. [Byron] DORGAN [of North Dakota]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. ROSE. I will be happy to yield in just 1 minute.
        Mr. Speaker, just to repeat, we will begin at 2 o'clock this 
    afternoon on channel 6 of our in-house cable system the first 4\1/
    2\ hours, and then at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning we will begin the 
    last half of approximately 4\1/2\ hours.

Sec. 3.7 A resolution directing the Speaker to provide for audio and 
    visual broadcast coverage of the House while Members are voting 
    constitutes a question of the privileges of the House under rule 
    IX(68) involving the integrity of House proceedings, 
    where House rules required ``complete'' broadcast coverage and no 
    coverage of voting had been permitted.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
68. House Rules and Manual Sec. 704 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On April 30, 1985,(69) the following resolution was 
raised as a question of the privileges of the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. 131 Cong. Rec. 9821, 9822, 99th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. Sec. 684, 704 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE--PROVIDING FOR AUDIO AND VISUAL 
                 BROADCAST COVERAGE OF CHAMBER DURING VOTES    

        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a 
    question of the privileges of the House, and I send to the desk a 
    privileged resolution (H. Res. 150) and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The SPEAKER.(70) The Clerk will report the 
    resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

H. Res. 150

  Whereas, clause 9(b)(1) of rule I of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires that the Speaker ``devise and implement a system 
subject to his direction and control for complete and unedited audio and 
visual broadcasting of the proceedings of the House of Representatives.''; 
and

  Whereas, voting in the House is an integral part of the proceedings of 
the House; and

  Whereas, the audio and visual broadcast coverage of House proceedings is 
currently being discontinued while Members are voting; and

  Whereas, the interruption of audio and visual broadcast coverage of House 
proceedings while Members are voting affects the integrity of the 
proceedings of the House and thus raises a question of privilege of the 
House; Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved, That the Speaker is hereby authorized and directed, pursuant to 
his responsibilities under clause 9(b)(1) of rule I of the House, to 
provide for the audio and visual broadcast coverage of the Chamber while 
Members are voting.

        The SPEAKER. The gentleman's resolution as to the issue raised 
    does state a question of privilege. . . .
        The SPEAKER. Without objection, the resolution is agreed to.
        There was no objection.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Still Photography in the Chamber

Sec. 3.8 The House by unanimous consent considered and adopted a 
    resolution providing for an official photograph of the House of 
    Representatives to be taken while in actual session.

    On June 16, 2011,(71) the House provided for the taking 
of the official photograph of the House of 
Representatives(72) as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
71. 157 Cong. Rec. 9494, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
72. Parliamentarian's Note: The sitting for the official photograph is 
        a recurring event that takes place each Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PERMITTING OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
          TO BE TAKEN WHILE THE HOUSE IS IN ACTUAL SESSION ON A DATE 
                         DESIGNATED BY THE SPEAKER    

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent the committee on House Administration be 
    discharged from further consideration of House Resolution 299 and 
    ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(73) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
73. Lee Terry (NE).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 299

  Resolved, That on such date as the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives may designate, official photographs of the House may be 
taken while the House is in actual session. Payment for the costs 
associated with taking, preparing, and distributing such photographs may be 
made from the applicable accounts of the House of Representatives.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    Pursuant to a previous order by resolution, the House sat for its 
official photograph for the 112th Congress on July 26, 
2011:(74)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. 157 Cong. Rec. 12031, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                   OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF 112TH CONGRESS    

        The SPEAKER.(75) Pursuant to House Resolution 299, 
    this time has been designated for the taking of the official photo 
    of the House of Representatives in session.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
75. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House will be in a brief recess while the Chamber is being 
    prepared for the photo. As soon as the photographer indicates that 
    these preparations are complete, the Chair will call the House to 
    order to resume its actual session for the taking of the 
    photograph. At that point the Members will take their cues from the 
    photographer. Shortly after the photographer is finished, the House 
    will proceed with its 
    business.                          -------------------

                                   RECESS    

        The SPEAKER. Pursuant to clause 12(a) of rule I, the Chair 
    declares the House in recess while the Chamber is being prepared.
        Accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 50 minutes p.m.), the House stood 
    in recess.                          -------------------

                                AFTER RECESS    

        The recess having expired, the House was called to order by the 
    Speaker at 1 o'clock and 55 minutes p.m.
        (Thereupon, the Members sat for the official photograph of the 
    House of Representatives for the 112th Congress.)

Sec. 3.9 The House agreed to a resolution authorizing the U.S. Capitol 
    Historical Society to take official pictures of the House in 
    session for inclusion in their publication ``We the People'' (and 
    for nonprofit news and educational purposes), and, pursuant to that 
    authority, the Speaker announced the time for taking said pictures.

    On May 22, 1973,(76) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. 119 Cong. Rec. 16512, 93d Cong. 1st Sess. The House has also 
        adopted a resolution authorizing the Speaker to admit 
        individuals to the Hall of the House to obtain film footage of 
        the House in session to be shown in the Capitol Visitor Center. 
        See Sec. 5.1, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Ray] MADDEN [of Indiana]. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the 
    Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 404 and ask for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 404

  Resolved, That at time designated by the Speaker, the United States 
Capitol Historical Society shall be permitted to take official pictures of 
the House while in actual session for inclusion in the new edition of ``We 
the People''. The pictures shall also be available for legitimate nonprofit 
news and educational purposes.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(77) The Chair desires to make a special 
    announcement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
77. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Pursuant to the provisions of House Resolution 404, the Chair 
    desires to inform Members that a picture of the Members in session 
    will be taken at approximately 3 p.m. on tomorrow, Wednesday, May 
    23.

    On July 14, 1975,(78) the House agreed to a similar 
resolution authorizing the United States Capitol Historical Society to 
take official pictures in the Chamber for inclusion in the new edition 
of ``We the People'':
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78. 121 Cong. Rec. 22575, 94th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 121 Cong. Rec. 
        24317, 94th Cong. 1st Sess. (July 23, 1975). For similar 
        resolutions authorizing individuals to be on the floor of the 
        House to document proceedings, see Sec. 5.1, infra; and 
        Sec. 1.7, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            AUTHORIZING OFFICIAL PICTURES OF THE HOUSE FOR ``WE THE 
                                  PEOPLE''    

         Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, I call 
    up House Resolution 597 and ask unanimous consent for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 597

  Resolved. That at a time designated by the Speaker, the United States 
Capitol Historical Society shall be permitted to take official pictures of 
the House while in actual session for inclusion in the new edition of ``We 
the People''. The pictures shall also be available for legitimate nonprofit 
news and educational purposed.

        The SPEAKER.(79) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Massachusetts?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agree to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Microphones

Sec. 3.10 The Speaker assured Members in response to a parliamentary 
    inquiry that he would require Members propounding unanimous-consent 
    requests of a legislative nature to make their requests from a 
    microphone in order to protect all Members.

    On October 6, 1978,(80) the Chair responded to the 
following parliamentary inquiry:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. 124 Cong. Rec. 34085, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [John] ASHBROOK [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER.(81) The gentleman will state his 
    parliamentary inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, we are in the last few days of this 
    session. There was considerable confusion this morning. The Members 
    could not hear most of the requests which were made.
        The Speaker in the past has assured the Members that any 
    unanimous-consent requests other than a personal request would be 
    repeated to the House. I can assume the Speaker will continue that 
    practice for those of us who cannot hear what is going on in the 
    well.
        My parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker, in this: Will the 
    Speaker continue, in his fair manner, to protect the Members with 
    respect to the making of any unanimous-consent requests other than 
    something of a personal nature, which are made in the well? Am I 
    correct in that assumption, Mr. Speaker?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will state that the gentleman is 
    correct. All Members' interests will be protected.

Sec. 3.11 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair informed a 
    Member that he may speak at any microphone on the floor.

    On May 22, 1996,(82) the Chair responded to the 
following parliamentary inquiry:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
82. 142 Cong. Rec. 12187, 104th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [George] GEKAS [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(83) The gentleman may state 
    his parliamentary inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83. Robert Walker (PA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, am I permitted to go to the other 
    podium now when I finish here?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman may select his own place 
    to speak.

Sec. 3.12 In the event of a malfunctioning microphone on the floor, the 
    Chair asked all Members to refrain from using the microphone until 
    the problem could be investigated.

    On April 8, 2011,(84) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
84. 157 Cong. Rec. 5684-85, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(85) The Chair is 
    investigating the source of the microphone malfunction.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
85. Michael Conaway (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    announcement by the speaker pro tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would ask that Members 
    suspend use of that microphone until we determine the problem.

Sec. 3.13 Clause 2 of rule I,(86) which directs the Speaker 
    to preserve order and decorum in the House, authorizes the Chair to 
    order the microphones turned off if being utilized by a Member, who 
    has not been properly recognized, to engage in disorderly behavior.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
86. House Rules and Manual Sec. 622 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 16, 1988,(87) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. 134 Cong. Rec. 4085-87, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            GOP AND THE POLITICS OF CYNICISM IN CENTRAL AMERICA    

        (Mr. COELHO asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute and to revise and extend his remarks.)
        Mr. [Tony] COELHO [of California]. Mr. Speaker, when the 
    Republicans voted 171 to 5 to kill Contra aid this month, were they 
    voting their consciences or playing politics? The answer can be 
    found in today's Washington Post. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                   LET US HAVE ANOTHER VOTE ON CONTRA AID    

        (Mr. DORNAN of California asked and was given permission to 
    address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his 
    remarks.)
        Mr. [Robert] DORNAN [of California]. Mr. Speaker, and I address 
    a different Member of this Chamber from New York, because you have 
    left your chair, and Mr. Majority Whip from California, you have 
    also fled the floor. In 10 years Jim and Tony--I am not using any 
    traditional titles like ``distinguished gentleman''--Jim and Tony, 
    in 10 years I have never heard on this floor so obnoxious a 
    statement as I heard from Mr. Coelho, which means ``rabbit'' in 
    Portuguese, as ugly a statement as was just delivered. Mr. Coelho 
    said that we on our side of the aisle and those conservative 
    Democrats, particularly those representing States which border the 
    Gulf of Mexico, sold out the Contras. That is absurd, and I'll tell 
    you why. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Gary] Ackerman [of New York]). 
    The time of the gentleman from California [Mr. Dornan] has expired.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Wait a minute. On Honduran soil and 
    on Nicaraguan soil.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. And it was set up in this House as 
    you set up the betrayal of the Bay of Pigs.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. I ask--wait a minute--I ask unanimous 
    consent for 30 seconds. People are dying.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. People are dying.
        Mr. [Harold] VOLKMER [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker regular order, 
    regular order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired. 
    Will the Sergeant at Arms please turn off the microphone?
        Mr. DORNAN of California. You get your regular order, people 
    are dying. You get your regular order now. People are dying because 
    of this Chamber. I demand a Contra vote on aid to the Democratic 
    Resistance and the freedom fighters in Central America. In the name 
    of God and liberty and decency I demand another vote in this 
    Chamber next week.
        Don't get a hernia and break your gavel. Don't get a 
    hernia.                          -------------------

                          PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES    

        Mr. [Judd] GREGG [of New Hampshire]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Gary] Ackerman [of New York]). 
    The gentleman will state his parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, I was just in my office viewing the 
    proceedings here, and during one of the proceedings, when the 
    gentleman from California [Mr. Dornan] was addressing the House, it 
    was drawn to my attention that the Speaker requested that Mr. 
    Dornan's microphone be turned off, upon which Mr. Dornan's 
    microphone was turned off.
        Mr. Speaker, my inquiry of the Chair is: Under what rule does 
    the Speaker decide to gag opposite Members of the House? Under what 
    rule does the Speaker decide to close down the debate and pursue a 
    policy of shutting up the opposition by now allowing us access to 
    the public and to the media and to our own microphones, the 
    microphones of this House? Under what rule of this House or of our 
    country or our Constitution is freedom of the speech so grossly 
    violated in this institution?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman asked to proceed for 1 
    minute----
        Mr. GREGG. No, I am asking that of the Chair.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair is referring to Mr. Dornan. 
    He requested permission of the Chair to proceed for 1 minute, and 
    that permission was granted by the House. Mr. Dornan grossly 
    exceeded the limits and abused the privilege far in excess of 1 
    minute, and the Chair proceeded to restore order and decorum to the 
    House.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, I see nothing in the rules of this 
    House that gives the Speaker of this House the capacity to turn off 
    the debate of this House by requesting that the speakers be turned 
    off or that the microphone be turned off so that a Member cannot 
    make his point. In fact, at the time the point was being made, Mr. 
    Dornan was asking unanimous consent, as I recall.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Gary] Ackerman [of New York]). 
    The Chair will state that unless a person receives permission to 
    address the House, under the rules of the House he is not 
    addressing the House.
        The gentleman from California [Mr. Dornan] requested permission 
    for 1 minute, that permission was given to him by the Chair with 
    the unanimous consent of this body, the gentleman from California 
    [Mr. Dornan] abused the unanimous consent of every Member of this 
    body by grossly exceeding his time.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, that is----
        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, what rule 
    are you referring to?
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, I have not yielded.
        I have not heard the Chair respond to my inquiry which is what 
    ruling is the Chair referring to which allows him to turn off the 
    microphone of a Member who has the floor?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Clause 2 of rule I.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, I would ask that that rule be read. I 
    would ask that that rule be read, Mr. Speaker, so that I may 
    understand how the Chair can interpret it to mean that he can close 
    down the process of free speech in the one institution in this 
    world which most represents free speech?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It reads, 2. He shall preserve order 
    and decorum, and, in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct in 
    the galleries, or in the lobby, may cause the same to be cleared. . 
    . .

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair repeatedly rapped the gavel 
    quite loudly for all to hear and told the gentleman from California 
    [Mr. Dornan] that his time had expired.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, is the Chair taking the position that 
    by rapping the gavel and when no response occurs in this House, 
    that that gavel rapping, of which has become almost commonplace 
    during the 1-minute process, that the Chair then can proceed to 
    turn off the microphones of the speaker who is speaking?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair allows Members the courtesy 
    of knowing their time has expired by rapping the gavel.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, the Chair has just ruled, therefore, 
    that Members of the Republican side it appears, because----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is the ruling of the Chair that the 
    gentleman from New Hampshire [Mr. Gregg] was recognized for a 
    parliamentary inquiry. The parliamentary inquiry was responded to, 
    and the House will now proceed.
        Mrs. [Lynn] MARTIN [of Illinois]. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker.
        Mr. GREGG. Is the Chair now shutting me off? Will the Chair 
    shut off my microphone also, is that the plan, if I continue? Does 
    the Chair intend to turn off my microphone?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from New Hampshire [Mr. 
    Gregg] was recognized for a parliamentary inquiry. The Chair has 
    answered the gentleman's parliamentary inquiry.

        Mr. GREGG. I have a further parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. 
    Is it the Chair's intention to turn off my microphone?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. What is the gentleman's parliamentary 
    inquiry?
        Mr. GREGG. My parliamentary inquiry is that I want to know how 
    the Chair can specifically turn off the microphone and what rule 
    the Chair does it under, because the Chair has not answered that 
    question.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has responded to the 
    parliamentary inquiry of the gentleman from New Hampshire.
        Mr. GREGG. Mr. Speaker, I reserve my time, and yield to the 
    gentlewoman from Illinois [Mrs. Martin].
        Mr. [Daniel] LUNGREN [of California]. Mr. Speaker, 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair advises that a Member may 
    not yield time to another Member under a parliamentary inquiry.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentlewoman will state her 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. The gentlewoman from Illinois would 
    inquire of the Chair, because it was difficult occasionally to hear 
    the rather strained ruling from the Chair, when I heard the Chair 
    read from the rule, and I hope the Chair will recheck that 
    sentence, because the Chair talked about disturbances in the 
    gallery and disturbances outside the floor of the House.
        Would the Speaker reread the exact sentence that would indicate 
    why and how a microphone could be turned off of a duly elected 
    Member of the House on the floor of the House?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will proceed to explain it 
    one more time.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Please.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under rule I, clause 2--and I will 
    only read the half of it that applies, so as not to cause confusion 
    in the minds of those who appear to be confused--``He shall 
    preserve order and decorum.''
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, the sentence goes on.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. I believe, Mr. Speaker, that you have 
    been requested specifically to quote that rule that affects a 
    Member of the House on the floor, and that is not that sentence. We 
    have the book, too, and the Chair knows it and I know it. I do not 
    mind a Speaker ruling against us, even an unelected Speaker, but I 
    will not accept on behalf of any Member, and this is an incredible 
    right that is being abrogated and abridged here. The Chair is not 
    saying that a Member of the House, is subject to the same rule, 
    even though it does not state it, as applied to the gallery, will 
    apply to Members of the House. I do not believe that that can 
    happen in an elected representative body.
        Mr. Speaker, would the Chair please quote how it affects an 
    elected Member speaking on the floor?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will read just what he read 
    before.
        ``He shall preserve order and decorum, and,--'' Then it 
    proceeds to speak about in another place.
        ``Order and decorum'' is not just in the halls and in the 
    galleries. The word ``and'' is followed by a comma.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, if I may, I will try 
    again because surely, although I recognize this is a difficult 
    experience for the Chair, we are talking about speaking on the 
    floor of the House. We are not talking about a Member throwing 
    things at the Speaker--as tempting as it may be.
        What is the specific rule that says that the Chair can 
    terminate the speech of a Member?

        Mr. [Lawrence] SMITH [of Florida]. A point of personal 
    privilege, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentlewoman's temptations are not 
    a matter for this body to consider.
        Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I could not hear.
        Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a point of 
    personal privilege. I believe that the words of the gentlewoman 
    from Illinois [Mrs. Martin] are inciteful and spiteful and I demand 
    that they be taken down.

    On March 17, 1988,(88) a resolution regarding the 
authority of the Chair to order that microphones be turned off in 
response to disorderly conduct by Members was determined not to 
constitute a question of privilege under rule IX:(89)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
88. 134 Cong. Rec. 4079, 4081, 4084-87, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
89. House Rules and Manual Sec. 704 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a personal privilege of the 
    House.
        Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Speaker, parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I have a question of a privilege of 
    the House under rule IX.
        Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Speaker, parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(90) The gentleman will 
    state his parliamentary inquiry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. Gary Ackerman (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I have a question of privilege before 
    the House under rule IX.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the resolution.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

  Whereas, the Speaker pro tempore ordered the microphone cut off as a 
duly-elected Member of the House was speaking; Be it therefore

  Resolved, That the Speaker, Speaker pro tempore, or any Member of the 
House as the Presiding Officer of the House of Representatives may not 
order the microphone to be cut off while any Member is speaking on the 
floor of the House of Representatives.

        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I think I must be recognized to debate 
    my resolution, is that not correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The resolution does not allege an 
    abuse of the House rules, and is not a question of privilege.
        The House will proceed to the unfinished business.
        Pursuant to clause 5, rule I, the Chair will now put the 
    question on each motion to suspend the rules on which further 
    proceedings were postponed----
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I question the ruling of the Chair.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is the gentleman from Pennsylvania 
    appealing the decision of the Chair?
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I am appealing the ruling of the 
    Chair.
        It is my understanding, Mr. Speaker, that I am given a chance 
    to debate that issue.
        Mr. [Brian] DONNELLY [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, the vote 
    is automatic.
        Mr. WALKER. I have 1 hour, I believe.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The appeal is debatable unless there 
    is a motion to table.
        The gentleman from Washington [Mr. [Thomas] Foley] is 
    recognized.

                      motion to table offered by mr. foley

        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I did not hear the Speaker's ruling 
    with respect to the appeal. Would the Speaker restate the ruling?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair had stated that the 
    resolution did not raise a question of privilege from which ruling 
    the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Walker] has appealed.
        Mr. FOLEY. The gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Walker] has 
    appealed the ruling of the Chair, is that correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Yes, that is correct.
        Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I move to lay the appeal on the table.

        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I object to the vote on the ground a 
    quorum is not present and make the point of order that a quorum is 
    not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members. . . .
        Mr. [Richard] SCHULZE [of Pennsylvania] changed his vote from 
    ``yea'' to ``nay.''

        So the motion to table the appeal was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

                            parliamentary inquiries

        Mr. [Paul] HENRY [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Gary] Ackerman [of New York]). 
    The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise for a point of parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        Mr. Speaker, I was among those who were on the floor during the 
    exchange which we have been debating and would like to indicate it 
    was the consensus of many of us that when the gentleman from 
    California [Mr. Dornan] was addressing the House the floor 
    microphones were not turned off but the difficulty arose in part 
    that the television broadcast, the C-SPAN microphones were cut off. 
    Mr. Speaker, the rules of the House clearly stipulate that 
    electronic broadcast of the proceedings of the House shall be a 
    fair and accurate proceedings, recording and rendering of 
    proceedings of the House.
        I am wondering if the Speaker would respond as to the 
    appropriateness in this instance when apparently the C-SPAN 
    electronic broadcast of the proceedings of the House were cut off 
    while the House microphones were not.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Let the Chair assure the gentleman 
    that the Chair was directing his remarks to the in-house 
    microphones and certainly not to the coverage of the proceedings of 
    the House by electronic media or the press.
        The unfinished business----
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I have a point of 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.

        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I would like to inquire 
    if this Member is able to take a point of personal privilege, that 
    is 1 hour of debate on the House floor at the moment it is granted, 
    if I feel that my honor was impugned when the majority whip, who 
    also spoke way beyond 1 minute, way beyond 60 seconds, if Mr. 
    Coelho tells me that I have sold out the young men and women that I 
    visited with not more than a month ago who are at this moment being 
    strafed and rocketed by Soviet gunships, to tell me to my face--and 
    I am sitting in the front row--that I sold them out impugn my 
    honor.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Do I have a right for a point of 
    personal privilege on that?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. That is not a remedy that the 
    gentleman has under the circumstances.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. May I ask the ruling of the Chair as 
    to why I cannot maintain a point of personal privilege that my 
    honor was impugned.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The point of personal privilege does 
    not derive from words spoken in debate.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Then, Mr. Speaker----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The unfinished business of the House--
    --
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, point of personal 
    privilege.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state his point.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I take a point of 
    personal privilege that in violation of both House rules and 
    tradition set forth when this House went on television on my 
    birthday, April 3, 1979, that the representation of the--that the 
    representation of the parliamentary procedures in this Chamber 
    would be broadcast identically to Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and 
    all U.S. States and territories in between. It is my understanding 
    and my own hearing verifies this that my microphones were not cut 
    off on the House floor, that the microphones were only cut off to 
    my home in Garden Grove where my wife was watching and to all 
    people observing these proceedings through the national technical 
    means of these six cameras on this Chamber.
        My point of personal privilege is that I was offended as a 
    Member by having my words cut off going to the outside world 
    through the electronic means that this House voted for--not 
    unanimously--voted for in this Chamber.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has already just previously 
    stated that his directions were to the House microphones and not to 
    the electronic microphones.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Wait a minute, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 5, rule I the Chair 
    will now put the question on each motion----
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. On which further proceedings were 
    postponed----
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, the House was not in 
    order.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the order in which that motion was 
    entertained.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Votes will be taken in the following 
    order----
        Mr. DORNAN of California. I asked you courteously----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Senate Joint Resolution 225, the yeas 
    and nays, S. 2151 de novo.
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, the House was not in 
    order when you addressed----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the 
    time for any electronic votes after the first such----
        Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. For any electronic votes after the 
    first such vote in this series.
        The unfinished business is the vote on the motion of the 
    gentleman from Minnesota----
        Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, a number of us were waiting to give 1-
    minute speeches just a little bit ago.
        Do I understand now that the Chair has cut off our privilege of 
    having a 1-minute speech today in order to proceed ahead with other 
    business?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. At the Chair's discretion, 1-minute 
    speeches may be taken up later in the day. . . .
        Mr. WALKER. And those Members of the minority, I think it was 
    only minority members that are left, are going to be shut off from 
    our privilege of having the 1-minute right now, is that correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. No, that is not correct. Any Member 
    who has a 1-minute that they would like to make will be recognized 
    at the end of the day at the discretion of the Chair.
        For what purpose does the gentleman from Michigan rise?
        Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, I have a point of parliamentary inquiry 
    and to respond. I had been recognized on this issue and I would 
    like to be very clear for the Record because of the serious 
    importance of this issue: As I understand the Chair's response we 
    are told that your instructions were in fact to turn off the House 
    floor microphones--whether that is appropriate or not is another 
    question--but that was mistakenly acted upon by the internal 
    broadcast mechanism so in fact the House floor's inadvertently 
    remained on and the electronic microphones for internal broadcast 
    system which the other electronic relays rely on was cut off. Am I 
    correct in that, Mr. Speaker? I want to clarify very clearly that 
    the Chair does not have the power to turn off----
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct for coverage 
    of proceedings of the House. It was the intent of the Chair to turn 
    off the House microphones.
        Mr. HENRY. Thank you very much, Mr. Speaker.

Sec. 3.14 A resolution alleging that termination by the Chair of audio 
    broadcast coverage of House proceedings had been improperly 
    ordered, and directing the Speaker to ensure future compliance with 
    full coverage of House proceedings (by not permitting interruptions 
    of coverage), was held to involve a question of the integrity of 
    House proceedings and to constitute a question of the privileges of 
    the House.

    On March 17, 1988,(91) the Majority Leader took the 
floor to admonish all Members not to proceed out of order after their 
debate time had expired or without proper recognition. The House then 
adopted a resolution offered as a question of the privileges of the 
House directing the Speaker to ensure uninterrupted audio and visual 
coverage of House proceedings as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
91. 134 Cong. Rec. 4180-82, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE--BROADCAST COVERAGE OF HOUSE 
                                PROCEEDINGS    

        Mrs. [Lynn] MARTIN [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a 
    question of the privileges of the House pursuant to rule IX of the 
    rules of the House, and I have a resolution at the desk and ask for 
    its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 406

  Whereas, the broadcast coverage of House proceedings affects the dignity, 
decorum and integrity of those proceedings; and

  Whereas, House Rule I, clause 9(b) requires the ``complete and unedited 
audio and visual broadcasting'' of House proceedings; and

  Whereas, the Speaker held on April 30, 1985, that H. Res. 150, directing 
the Speaker to ``provide for the audio and visual broadcast coverage of the 
Chamber while Members are voting,'' raised a legitimate question of the 
privileges of the House (House Rules & Manual, 100th Congress, Sec. 662); 
and

  Whereas, on Wednesday, March 16, 1988, the audio broadcast coverage of 
House proceedings was terminated during a Member's spoken remarks while the 
audio system in the Chamber continued to operate; and

  Whereas, such termination of audio broadcast coverage violates the 
provision of clause 9(b)(1) of House Rule I requiring ``complete and 
unedited audio and visual broadcasting of House proceedings: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, The Speaker is hereby directed to take such steps as are 
necessary to ensure future compliance with House Rule I, clause 9(b) that 
the audio and visual broadcast coverage of House proceedings not be 
interrupted, including instructions to any Members acting as Speaker pro 
tempore, and any officers or employees of the House involved with the 
broadcast system, and the implementation of any necessary safeguards to 
prevent the termination of such coverage.

        The SPEAKER.(92) The Chair believes that the 
    resolution offered by the gentlewoman from Illinois [Mrs. Martin] 
    does constitute a question of the privileges of the House under the 
    precedents cited in the preamble of the resolution since it directs 
    compliance with clause 9(a)1 of rule I, which requires complete and 
    unedited broadcast coverage of the proceedings of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
92. James Wright (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Therefore, the gentlewoman from Illinois [Mrs. Martin] is 
    recognized for 1 hour. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced 
    that the ayes appeared to have it.
        Mr. [Robert] WALKER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I object to 
    the vote on the ground that a quorum is not present and make the 
    point of order that a quorum is not present.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evidently a quorum is not present.
        The Sergeant at Arms will notify absent Members.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    381, not voting 51, as follows:



Sec. 4. Galleries

    The galleries of the House Chamber allow visitors to view House 
proceedings, and while protocols for admission to the galleries have 
varied over time, authority for regulating admission to the galleries 
has generally rested with the Speaker.(1) Clause 6 of rule 
IV of the standing rules provides that the Speaker shall set aside a 
portion of the West Gallery for use by the President, members of the 
Cabinet, justices of the Supreme Court, foreign ministers, and family 
members thereof.(2) Another portion of the same gallery is 
set aside for guests of Members.(3). The southerly half of 
the East Gallery is reserved for the use of the families of Members of 
Congress.(4) Pursuant to clause 2 of rule VI, a portion of 
the gallery over the Speaker's chair is set aside for representatives 
of the press and news media reporters.(5) In 1978, the 
galleries were renovated to provide improved access for individuals 
with disabilities.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. Sec. 5.1, 5.2.
 2. House Rules and Manual Sec. 682 (2017).
 3. Id.
 4. Id.
 5. House Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 693, 694 (2017). For parliamentary 
        inquiries regarding admission to the press gallery, see 
        Sec. 4.10, infra.
 6. See Sec. 4.8, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Clause 2 of rule I,(7) charges the Speaker with 
preserving order and decorum in the House galleries, and further 
authorizes the Speaker to clear the galleries in the case of a 
disturbance or other disorderly conduct.(8) Manifestations 
of approval or disapproval by occupants of the gallery are not 
permitted, and the Chair frequently reminds gallery occupants of this 
policy.(9) On occasion, the Speaker has requested that the 
galleries stand when the oath of office is administered to a new 
Member.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 622 (2017).
 8. See Sec. Sec. 4.1, 4.5, and 4.6, infra. This authority of the 
        Speaker has been interpreted as part of general parliamentary 
        law, such that it can be exercised prior to the adoption of 
        rules. See Sec. 4.7, infra; and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 
        Sec. 6.1. See also 40 U.S.C. Sec. 5104(e)(2)(B).
 9. See Sec. Sec. 4.2, 4.4, infra.
10. See Sec. 4.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Clause 7 of rule XVII(11) prohibits Members of the House 
from referencing or introducing to the body individuals in the 
galleries, and the Chair takes the initiative to enforce this 
prohibition.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. House Rules and Manual Sec. 966 (2017).
12. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. Sec. 5.3-5.5 and Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 29 Sec. 45. See also Sec. 1.18, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Clearing the Galleries

Sec. 4.1 Instance where the Speaker, having twice admonished spectators 
    in the galleries to refrain from disorderly behavior, ordered all 
    the galleries cleared pursuant to clause 2 of rule 
    I.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. House Rules and Manual Sec. 622 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 18, 1972,(14) when all the persons in one 
gallery stood and displayed signs indicating approval of proceedings on 
the floor demanding censure of President Richard Nixon, Speaker Carl 
Albert of Oklahoma ordered the galleries cleared:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 118 Cong. Rec. 9, 92d Cong. 2d Sess. See also 2 Hinds' Precedents 
        Sec. 1352 (instance in 1836 where the Speaker also ordered the 
        galleries to be cleared).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER.(15) The Chair reminds our guests in the 
    galleries that the Chair must enforce the rules of the House and 
    that demonstrations from the galleries will not be permitted. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Carl Albert (OK).                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                               POINT OF ORDER    

        Mr. [Durward] HALL [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, I demand that 
    the gallery be cleared.
        The SPEAKER. The Chair will not tolerate demonstrations of 
    approval or disapproval in the galleries.
        Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I make a point of order that our guests 
    and those in the galleries are not in order. I request that the 
    gallery be cleared.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman's point is well taken. The galleries 
    will be cleared.

Disruptions

Sec. 4.2 Occupants of the gallery are not to manifest approval or 
    disapproval of, or otherwise to disrupt, the proceedings on the 
    floor.

    On November 27, 2012,(16) the following announcement, 
frequently made by the Chair, was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. 158 Cong. Rec. 15530, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    announcement by the speaker pro tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(17) The Chair will remind 
    all persons in the gallery that they are here as guests of the 
    House and that any manifestation of approval or disapproval of 
    proceedings, including applause, is in violation of the rules of 
    the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Daniel Webster (FL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 4.3 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised that 
    while occupants of the gallery are not to manifest approval or 
    disapproval of proceedings on the floor, Members may do so in non-
    disruptive fashion.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Parliamentarian's Note: Certain displays, such as hissing and 
        jeering, are improper. House Rules and Manual Sec. 622 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 7, 2009,(19) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 155 Cong. Rec. 27448, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    announcement by the speaker pro tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] Salazar [of Colorado]). The 
    Chair will remind all persons in the gallery that they are guests 
    of the House and that any manifestation of approval or disapproval 
    of proceedings or other audible conversation is in violation of the 
    rules of the House.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Joseph] BARTON [of Texas]. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. 
    Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is recognized for a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. BARTON of Texas. We respect the ruling and the admonition 
    about members of the gallery, but is it acceptable under the rules 
    for the Members of Congress to show approval or disapproval of a 
    speech on the floor?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is acceptable unless interrupting 
    another in debate.
        Mr. BARTON of Texas. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. We approve the 
    Speaker's ruling.

Sec. 4.4 Occupants of the gallery are not to manifest approval or 
    disapproval of, or to disrupt through audible conversation or 
    otherwise, the proceedings on the floor, and guests violating these 
    rules may be removed.

    On November 7, 2009,(20) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. 155 Cong. Rec. 27456, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    announcement by the speaker pro tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(21) The Chair will remind 
    persons in the gallery that they are here as guests of the House 
    and that any manifestation of approval or disapproval thereof of 
    proceedings or other audible conversations is in violation of the 
    rules of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. John Salazar (CO).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Furthermore, occupants of the gallery are guests of the House. 
    Those in violation of these rules of the House may be removed.

Disturbances

Sec. 4.5 In response to a demonstration in the gallery (as opposed to 
    merely an improper display of approval or disapproval), the Chair 
    notes for the Congressional Record the disruptive character of the 
    demonstration and enlists the Sergeant-at-Arms to remove the 
    offending parties.

    On August 1, 2011,(22) the following announcement, 
frequently made by the Chair in response to disturbances in the 
gallery, was made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. 157 Cong. Rec. 12695, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    announcement by the speaker pro tempore

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(23) The Chair notes a 
    disturbance in the gallery in contravention of the rules of the 
    House. The Sergeant at Arms is to remove those persons responsible 
    for the disturbance and restore order to the gallery.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Jeff Denham (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Sergeant at Arms will restore order to the gallery.
        The Sergeant at Arms will remove the disturbance from the 
    gallery.

Sec. 4.6 Instance where, after repeated disturbances in the gallery, 
    the Chair warned protestors of the possibility of 
    prosecution.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Parliamentarian's Note: The Speaker has the authority under clause 
        2 of rule I to clear the galleries. See House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 622 (2017). Although this authority was not exercised 
        here, it was last exercised on January 18, 1972. See Sec. 4.1, 
        supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On April 15, 2011,(25) eight different sets of 
protestors rose and shouted at intervals from the gallery, repeatedly 
interrupting debate. The Chair then gave various warnings to occupants 
of the gallery as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 157 Cong. Rec. 6296-97, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Acting CHAIR.(26) Pursuant to the rule, it is 
    now in order to consider a final period of general debate, which 
    shall not exceed 20 minutes equally divided and controlled by the 
    chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on the Budget.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. Charles Bass (NH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Ryan) and the gentleman from 
    Maryland (Mr. Van Hollen) each will control 10 minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Wisconsin. . . .

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant at Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order to the gallery.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. [Chris] VAN HOLLEN [of Maryland]. Mr. Chairman, we are 
    turning back the clock. We're turning back the clock on progress 
    and we're turning back the clock--

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman will suspend.
        The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery which is in 
    contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The Sergeant at 
    Arms will remove those persons responsible for the disturbance and 
    restore order to the gallery.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, what the Republican budget does 
    is turn back the clock on a fair deal for the American people.
        Every person in this body today loves this great Nation of ours 
    and believes it's a special place. We have to maintain the dynamism 
    and exceptionalism of this country. We see different paths and make 
    different choices to accomplish that goal.

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant at Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order to the gallery.

                                 point of order

        Mr. [Jesse] JACKSON of Illinois. Point of order, Mr. Chairman.
        The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman from Illinois will state his 
    point of order.
        Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. Mr. Chairman, my question is about the 
    clarification of the rules. The rules also, for our visiting 
    guests, allow the Sergeant at Arms to clear the Chamber, if 
    necessary. Is that correct, Mr. Chairman?
        The Acting CHAIR. It is within the authority of the Chair to 
    clear the gallery.
        Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. I thank the Chairman.
        I would just encourage those to continue the civil conversation 
    that we are having about a very difficult conversation in our 
    country.
        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from 
    Maryland.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, if I----

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant at Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order, and would affirm to all Members that 
    the Chair has the authority to clear the gallery.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, may I inquire as to how much time 
    remains.
        The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman from Maryland has 9\1/2\ 
    minutes remaining.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, we all agree we have to act now 
    to put in place a plan to reduce our deficit.

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant at Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order to the gallery.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to begin 
    my remarks from the beginning and reset the clock.
        The Acting CHAIR. Is there objection to the request of the 
    gentleman from Maryland?
        There was no objection.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank my colleagues.
        As I said, nobody doubts that every person in this Chamber 
    loves this country and wants to do the right thing.

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery, 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant-at-Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order to the gallery.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
        I'm tempted to reserve my time and yield it back to the other--
    --

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    which is in contravention of the laws and rules of the House. The 
    Sergeant-at-Arms will remove those persons responsible for the 
    disturbance and restore order to the gallery.
        The Chair makes this announcement for purposes of possible 
    prosecution.
        The gentleman from Maryland may proceed.
        Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
        As I said, I was tempted to reserve my time and allow my 
    colleague to proceed. But as I understand the Chamber is now quiet, 
    let me begin where I left off and say that all of us agree, 
    everybody in this Chamber agrees, we need to put in place a plan to 
    reduce our deficit in a predictable, steady manner. . . .

                        announcement by the acting chair

        The Acting CHAIR. The Chair notes a disturbance in the gallery 
    in contravention of the law and rules of the House. The Sergeant at 
    Arms will remove those persons responsible for the disturbance and 
    restore order to the gallery.
        The gentleman may proceed.

Sec. 4.7 The Speaker has authority to quell demonstrations of approval 
    or disapproval by visitors in the gallery even prior to the 
    adoption of the standing rules of the House.

    On January 4, 1995,(27) after the election of the 
Speaker, but before adoption of the standing rules, the following 
occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. 141 Cong. Rec. 454, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. See also Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 1 Sec. 6.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          announcement by the speaker

        The SPEAKER.(28) There are to be no demonstrations 
    in the gallery. Those in the gallery are here as guests of the 
    House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [David] BONIOR [of Michigan]. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute 
    to the gentleman from Florida [Mr. Peterson].

Miscellaneous Gallery Issues

Sec. 4.8 The Majority Leader announced the installation of facilities 
    for individuals with disabilities in the House galleries.

    On January 19, 1978,(29) the Majority Leader made the 
following announcement:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. 124 Cong. Rec. 112, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                FACILITIES FOR HANDICAPPED IN HOUSE GALLERY    

        (By unanimous consent Mr. Wright was allowed to speak out of 
    order.)
        Mr. [James] WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, during the recent 
    adjournment, in continuation of our ongoing program for removing 
    architectural barriers to the physically handicapped, we have 
    installed an area in the visitors' gallery where access is 
    available at the corridor level for the use of those in wheelchairs 
    or to any individuals for whom stairs provide an obstacle; so with 
    no more assistance than the individuals may desire, access to this 
    chamber is now available to all citizens.

Sec. 4.9 On occasion, the Speaker has requested that guests in the 
    gallery rise with the Members while the oath of office was 
    administered to a Member-elect.

    On November 12, 1991,(30) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 137 Cong. Rec. 31254-55, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         SWEARING IN OF HON. GEORGE F. ALLEN, OF VIRGINIA, AS A MEMBER 
                                OF THE HOUSE    

        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the gentleman from the Commonwealth of Virginia, Mr. 
    George Allen, be permitted to take the oath of office today. His 
    certificate of election has not arrived, but there is no contest, 
    and no question has been raised with regard to his election.
        The SPEAKER.(31) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Illinois?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley] and 
    the Member-Elect, Mr. George Allen of the Seventh Congressional 
    District of the Commonwealth of Virginia, come forward, escorted by 
    the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley] and the Members of the 
    Virginia delegation. Will the Members and the guests in the gallery 
    please rise.
        Mr. [George] Allen  [of Virginia] appeared at the bar of the 
    House and took the oath of office, as follows:

        Do you solemnly swear that you will support and defend the 
    Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
    domestic; that you will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; 
    that you take this obligation freely, without any mental 
    reservation or purpose of evasion, and that you will well and 
    faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which you are 
    about to enter. So help you God.

        The SPEAKER. Congratulations, you are now a Member of the U.S. 
    House of Representatives.

Sec. 4.10 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised 
    that properly accredited press had access to the House gallery.

    On May 19, 2004,(32) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. 150 Cong. Rec. 10115, 108th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Victor] SNYDER [of Arkansas]. Mr. Speaker, parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Johnny] Isakson [of Georgia]). 
    The gentleman will state his inquiry.
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, I believe under the rules, procedures 
    and etiquette of the House, that the press is to have access to the 
    gallery here in the House. I am concerned that the doors may be 
    locked. I see only one person in the press gallery today.
        I think people all over the country have a right to know that 
    the press has access to the Chamber to cover the travesty of 
    democracy and the arrogance of power that is going on here today.
        I would ask the Parliamentarian and the Sergeant at Arms to be 
    sure that the press gallery doors are unlocked so that the press 
    might have access to these terrible proceedings wrought on the 
    House floor by the majority.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is not stating a 
    parliamentary inquiry. Accessibility to the House is being 
    observed.

        Mr. SNYDER. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. Do the rules of 
    the House provide for the press to have access to the gallery of 
    the House?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The House is in open session. Anybody 
    has access that meets the standards of security.
        Mr. SNYDER. Thank you. And that was a correct parliamentary 
    inquiry.



Sec. 5. Admission to the House Floor

    Clause 2(a) of rule IV(1) provides that only certain 
persons are entitled to admission to the Hall of the House (and rooms 
leading thereto)(2) and further specifies the full list of 
persons who may exercise such floor privileges.(3) Unlike 
most rules of the House, this rule may not be waived by unanimous 
consent or a motion to suspend the rules.(4) However, a 
simple resolution may authorize persons without floor privileges to be 
admitted to the floor of the House.(5) Each Congress, the 
Speaker typically inserts a policy statement to the Congressional 
Record announcing that the rule on floor privileges will be strictly 
enforced, and reiterating prior policies in this area.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
 2. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.1
 3. Parliamentarian's Note: Individuals entitled to floor privileges 
        are as follows: (1) Members of Congress, Members-elect, and 
        contestants in election cases during the pendency of their 
        cases on the floor; (2) the Delegates and the Resident 
        Commissioner; (3) the President and Vice President of the 
        United States and their private secretaries; (4) justices of 
        the Supreme Court; (5) elected officers and minority employees 
        nominated as elected officers of the House; (6) the 
        Parliamentarian; (7) staff of committees when business from 
        their committee is under consideration, and staff of the 
        respective party leaderships when so assigned with the approval 
        of the Speaker; (8) not more than one person from the staff of 
        a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner when that Member, 
        Delegate, or Resident Commissioner has an amendment under 
        consideration; (9) the Architect of the Capitol; (10) the 
        Librarian of Congress and the assistant in charge of the Law 
        Library; (11) the Secretary and Sergeant-at-Arms of the Senate; 
        (12) heads of departments; (13) Foreign ministers; (14) 
        Governors of states; (15) former Members, Delegates, and 
        Resident Commissioners; former Parliamentarians of the House; 
        and former elected officers and minority employees nominated as 
        elected officers of the House; (16) one attorney to accompany a 
        Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner who is the 
        respondent in an investigation undertaken by the Committee on 
        Ethics when a recommendation of that committee is under 
        consideration in the House; and (17) such persons as have, by 
        name, received the thanks of Congress. For an earlier precedent 
        regarding the definition of those who have ``received the 
        thanks of Congress,'' see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.6.
 4. Rule IV, clause 2(b), House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017). See 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.2.
 5. See Sec. 5.3, infra.
 6. See Sec. Sec. 5.1, infra and Sec. 1.17, supra. See also 163 Cong. 
        Rec. H34 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 3, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Members of Congress (including Members-elect and contestants in 
election cases),(7) Delegates, and the Resident Commissioner 
have floor privileges, as well as Senators.(8) Elected 
officers of the House and minority employees nominated as elected 
officers of the House are also entitled to admission to the 
floor.(9) Former Members, former elected officers (including 
former Parliamentarians), and former minority employees nominated as 
elected officers are accorded floor privileges as well, but are subject 
to certain restrictions in clause 4(a) of rule IV.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.5.
 8. See Sec. Sec. 5.15, 5.16, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        4 Sec. 4.8.
 9. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6.
10. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017). For more on floor 
        privileges for former Members, see Sec. 6, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Committee staff, Members' personal staff, and party leadership 
staff may exercise floor privileges, subject to certain restrictions. 
Committee staff are permitted on the floor only when business from the 
committee in under consideration.(11) This rule has been 
interpreted by the Speaker to permit up to four professional staff 
members and one clerk from the committee on the floor at any given 
time.(12) The Speaker has enforced this rule through a 
variety of methods, including sign-in sheets, identification cards, and 
committee staff badges.(13) When committee staff exercise 
floor privileges, they must not intrude upon House proceedings by 
attempting to influence legislation(14) or manifesting 
approval or disapproval of House business.(15) The Speaker 
has permitted the staff of multiple committees to exercise floor 
privileges during consideration of an omnibus budget reconciliation 
measure that was the product of such committees.(16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Rule IV, clause 2(a)(7), House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
12. See 118 Cong. Rec. 20318, 92d Cong. 2d Sess. (June 8, 1972) and 
        Sec. 5.5, infra. For further announcements regarding limits on 
        committee staff on the floor, see Sec. Sec. 5.4, 5.6, infra.
13. See Sec. 5.8, infra.
14. See Sec. 5.9, infra.
15. See Sec. 5.10, infra.
16. See Sec. 5.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Staff of the respective party leaderships are entitled to floor 
access when so assigned with the approval of the 
Speaker.(17) Clause 2(a)(8) of rule IV limits the number of 
persons from a Member's personal staff to not more than one, and only 
when the Member has an amendment under consideration.(18)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Rule IV, clause 2(a)(7) of rule IV, House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 
        (2017).
18. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017). See also 128 Cong. Rec. 
        21934, 97th Cong. 2d Sess. (Aug. 18, 1982).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When the House meets for ceremonial occasions, such as a joint 
meeting to hear an address from a foreign dignitary or a joint session 
to hear an address from the President, the Speaker typically announces 
to the House who will be entitled to exercise floor privileges during 
such occasions.(19) In recent years, the Speaker has 
instructed Members not to attempt to reserve seats in the House for 
such ceremonies by leaving placards or other items in the 
Chamber.(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. See Sec. Sec. 5.2, 5.11, and 5.12, infra. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. Sec. 4.3, 4.4.
20. See Sec. 1.19, supra; and 155 Cong. Rec. 6364, 111th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Mar. 4, 2009).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Granting or Restricting Floor Access by Resolution

Sec. 5.1 The House adopted a resolution authorizing the Speaker to 
    admit individuals to the Hall of the House to obtain film footage 
    of the House in session for inclusion in a film to be shown in the 
    Capitol Visitor Center.

    On October 7, 2005,(21) the following occurred;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 151 Cong. Rec. 22648, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. For more on still 
        photography in the Chamber, see Sec. 3, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           PERMITTING INDIVIDUALS TO BE ADMITTED TO HALL OF HOUSE TO 
                     OBTAIN FOOTAGE OF HOUSE IN SESSION    

        Mr. LINCOLN DIAZ-BALART of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that it shall be in order at any time to consider 
    in the House the resolution, H. Res. 480; the resolution shall be 
    considered as read; the previous question shall be considered as 
    ordered on the resolution to its adoption without intervening 
    motion except 10 minutes equally divided and controlled by the 
    chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Rules.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(22) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Florida?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Michael Simpson (ID).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        Mr. LINCOLN DIAZ-BALART of Florida. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to 
    the previous order of the House, I call up the resolution (H. Res. 
    480) permitting individuals to be admitted to the Hall of the House 
    in order to obtain footage of the House in session for inclusion in 
    the orientation film to be shown to visitors at the Capitol Visitor 
    Center, and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 480

  Resolved, That the Speaker, in consultation with the minority leader, may 
designate individuals to be admitted to the Hall of the House and the rooms 
leading thereto in order to obtain film footage of the House in session for 
inclusion in the orientation film to be shown to visitors at the Capitol 
Visitor Center.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the order of the House of 
    today, the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Lincoln Diaz-Balart) and the 
    gentlewoman from New York (Ms. Slaughter) each will control 5 
    minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Lincoln 
    Diaz-Balart).
        Mr. LINCOLN DIAZ-BALART of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 
    such time as I may consume.
        Mr. Speaker, this is a very simple resolution which allows the 
    Speaker, in consultation with the minority leader, to allow 
    individuals to be admitted to the Hall of the House in order to 
    film the House in session for inclusion in an orientation film to 
    be shown to visitors at the Capitol Visitor Center. This resolution 
    is necessary because clause 2(b) of rule IV of the rules of the 
    House provides that the Speaker may not entertain a unanimous-
    consent request or a motion to suspend clause 2 of rule IV, which 
    restricts access to the floor of the House while the House is in 
    session.
        Mr. Speaker, I would urge all Members to support this 
    resolution which will provide edification for millions of visitors 
    to our Nation's Capitol.
        Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
        Ms. [Louise] SLAUGHTER [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, we are 
    pleased to support the resolution.

        Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
        Mr. LINCOLN DIAZ-BALART of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I yield back 
    the balance of my time.
        Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the resolution is 
    considered read and the previous question is ordered.
        The question is on the resolution.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    On April 25, 2006,(23) the Chair announced that 
individuals might be present in the rooms adjoining the Chamber to 
obtain film footage of the House in session, pursuant to the earlier 
order of the House:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 152 Cong. Rec. 5944, 109th Cong. 2d Sess. See also Sec. 1.7, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Tom] Price [of Georgia]). Members 
    are advised that persons may be present in the rooms adjoining the 
    Chamber during this next vote under the authority of House 
    Resolution 480 (relating to the Capitol Visitor Center film).

Sec. 5.2 The House adopted a special order of business resolution 
    reported by the Committee on Rules providing, inter alia, that 
    during an upcoming joint meeting of the House, only specified 
    persons would be permitted on the floor of the 
    House.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. Parliamentarian's Note: This resolution was in response to capacity 
        concerns with the Chamber given the demand to attend and 
        restricted those who would otherwise have access to the floor 
        under rule IV. See House Rules and Manual Sec. Sec. 677-681 
        (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 28, 2015,(25) the following resolution was 
adopted in preparation of the joint meeting to receive Pope Francis:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. 161 Cong. Rec. H5539 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess.

H. Res. 380

  Resolved,

   . . .

  Sec. 8. For purposes of the joint meeting to receive Pope Francis on 
September 24, 2015, only the following persons shall be admitted to the 
Hall of the House or rooms leading thereto:

  (a) Members of Congress and Members-elect.

  (b) The Delegates and the Resident Commissioner.

  (c) The President and Vice President of the United States.

  (d) Justices of the Supreme Court.

  (e) Elected officers of the House.

  (f) The Parliamentarian.

  (g) The Architect of the Capitol.

  (h) The Librarian of Congress.

  (i) The Secretary and Sergeant-at-Arms of the Senate.

  (j) Heads of departments.

  (k) Other persons as designated by the Speaker.

Committee and Members' Staff

Sec. 5.3 Pursuant to rule XXXII (now clause 2(b) of rule 
    IV),(26) the Speaker is prohibited from entertaining a 
    unanimous-consent request that additional committee staff be 
    permitted on the floor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017). Clause 2(b) of rule IV 
        prohibits the Speaker from entertaining any unanimous-consent 
        request or motion to suspend the provisions of clauses 1, 2(a), 
        3, 4, or 5 of rule IV. However, a resolution offered by the 
        direction of the Committee on Rules may provide such a waiver. 
        See Sec. Sec. 1.7, 5.1, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 23, 1973,(27) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. 119 Cong. Rec. 16774, 93d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Olin] TEAGUE [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, the rules provide a 
    limited number of staff members on the floor when a bill is being 
    considered. I ask unanimous consent that each subcommittee chairman 
    be permitted to have a staff member with him on the floor during 
    consideration of the bill.
        The SPEAKER.(28) The Chair has no authority to 
    recognize the gentleman's request, under the rules.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw that request.

Sec. 5.4 The Speaker announced his intention to strictly enforce the 
    provision in rule XXXII (now rule IV),(29) interpreted 
    to restrict to five the number of committee staff permitted on the 
    floor at one time during the consideration of measures from their 
    committees.(30)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. House Rules and Manual Sec. 677 (2017).
30. Parliamentarian's Note: Speaker Carl Albert of Oklahoma, on June 8, 
        1972, interpreted the rule to permit only five committee clerks 
        on the floor at one time. See 118 Cong. Rec. 20318, 92d Cong. 
        2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On August 22, 1974,(31) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 120 Cong. Rec. 30027, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 677 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           STAFF FLOOR PRIVILEGES    

        (Mr. [Leslie] ARENDS [of Illinois] asked and was given 
    permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and 
    extend his remarks.)
        Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, rule XXXII of the Rules of the House 
    of Representatives relates to persons and officials to be admitted 
    to the Hall of the House during our sessions, and it is a rule with 
    which all Members should be familiar. The reason we have such a 
    rule should be obvious to everyone.
        During this session, however, I have noticed--as have a number 
    of our colleagues--the presence of an increasing number of staff 
    personnel who presumably were not intended under the aforementioned 
    rule, or committee clerks who are on the floor when there is no 
    business from their committees under consideration. Some of these 
    individuals roam the floor at will, occupying space inside the 
    rail, and adding to the congestion. In my judgment, Mr. Speaker, 
    this practice should not be permitted.
        Likewise, Mr. Speaker, it is my observation that we are 
    granting far too many staff people floor privileges. No one objects 
    to essential aides coming to the floor and remaining there only as 
    long as their official duties require. But there appears to be a 
    growing tendency for staff aides to linger on the floor merely to 
    observe the proceedings, or for other purposes. This is clearly not 
    the intent of rule XXXII and should be discontinued.
        We recognize, of course, that committee clerks are entitled to 
    be on the floor in an advisory capacity to assist chairmen and 
    ranking minority members during consideration of bills from their 
    respective committees. Under past practice the majority has usually 
    had two or three staff members on the floor at one time, and the 
    minority two. We should continue to observe this practice. On 
    recent occasions, however, I have counted as many as five staff 
    members on each side of the aisle.
        Let me assure you that my remarks are in no way meant to 
    reflect unfavorably on the caliber of the staff people in the House 
    or on our committees. As a group they are extremely competent and 
    diligent, and we are fortunate to have so many dedicated people 
    working with us in the Congress.
        Perhaps a timely reminder to all concerned is all that is 
    necessary. In any event, appropriate action should be taken. I am 
    sure many feel as I do that the House floor should not become a 
    meeting place for those who are not elected to 
    office.                          -------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(32) In connection with what the 
    distinguished minority whip, the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. 
    Arends) has just stated, the Chair wishes to make a statement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair is aware of and has noticed the excessive number of 
    staff members on the floor during consideration of legislation. The 
    Chair, therefore, requests when the chairman of a committee brings 
    a matter to the floor of the House, that he limit the number of 
    staff present on the floor in accordance with the guidelines 
    heretofore established by the Chair.

Sec. 5.5 The Speaker inserted in the Congressional Record regulations, 
    promulgated pursuant to authority under rule XXXII (now rule 
    IV),(33) as amended in the 95th Congress, to govern 
    admission and conduct on the floor of committee staff, staff of the 
    Legislative Counsel, and personal staff of a Member with an 
    amendment under consideration.(34)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. House Rules and Manual Sec. 677 (2017).
34. For an announcement by the Speaker regarding Members' personal 
        staff on the floor, see 128 Cong. Rec. 21934, 97th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Aug. 18, 1982).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 26, 1977,(35) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. 123 Cong. Rec. 2333, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. Sec. 678, 681 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(36) Pursuant to rule XXXII, the Chair 
    will insert at this point in the Record regulations on admittance 
    of staff to the House floor. I wish to stress that we would 
    certainly appreciate it if the Members who will be coming on the 
    floor with staff members will read this rule XXXII concerning 
    members of staff coming to the floor which the House is inserting 
    in the Record at this particular time.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The regulations are as follows:

  A. Committee Staff: While a proposition is pending on the floor of the 
House, four professional staff members and one clerical staff member from 
the committee which has reported the measure (or from the committee with 
subject-matter jurisdiction, as determined by the Speaker, in the case of a 
measure which has not been reported from committee) may be present on the 
floor--including aisle space behind the railings. In the case of a measure 
reported by more than one committee, or in the case of a measure made in 
order by a special rule which allocates general debate to another committee 
(or which entitles another committee to offer amendments) each such 
committee is entitled to the full complement of staff. As required by 
clause 4 of rule XXXII, no such staff persons shall engage in efforts on 
the floor or in rooms leading thereto to influence Members with regard to 
the legislation under consideration. Such committee staff shall remain in 
the proximity of the committeetables to advise committees responsible for 
their admission and other Members seeking their advice.

  B. Legislative Counsel: As permitted by the Legislative Reorganization 
Act of 1970, while a proposition is pending on the floor of the House, two 
members of the staff of the legislative counsel may be present on the floor 
to assist all Members.

  C. Members' Personal Staff: While a Member, delegate, or resident 
commissioner has an amendment pending on the floor of the House, he may 
have one member of his personal staff (clerk-hire staff) with him on the 
floor in the proximity of the committee table solely to advise that Member 
on the amendment. For the purposes of clause 4, rule XXXII, a Member must 
personally obtain a floor pass for his or her staff assistant on the day 
that the amendment will be offered. These passes will be available at the 
Speaker's desk while the House is in session, and must be signed by the 
Member and filled out to indicate the staff assistant's name, the date(s) 
the amendment will be under consideration and the bill to which it will be 
offered. The Member may then give this pass to the designated staff 
assistant, and the pass will also serve as a gallery pass to gallery 1 and 
must be presented to the doorman at the east door of the Speaker's lobby 
when the amendment is actually under consideration to permit that staff 
assistant to be admitted to the floor. For the purposes of the rule, a 
Member has an amendment under consideration after he has been recognized to 
offer it and until (1) the Chair announces the vote thereon, or (2) the 
Chair rules that the amendment is not in order.

Sec. 5.6 The Speaker announced that he had instructed the 
    Doorkeeper(37) and Sergeant-at-Arms to strictly enforce 
    the provisions of rule XXXII (now rule IV)(38) which 
    specify those persons having the privileges of the floor during 
    sessions of the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. Parliamentarian's Note: The position of Doorkeeper was eliminated 
        in the 104th Congress. For more on this former officer of the 
        House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 Sec. 20 and Precedents 
        (Wickham) Ch. 6.
38. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 19, 1981,(39) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. 127 Cong. Rec. 402, 97th Cong. 1st Sess.; House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 678 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(40) The Chair wishes to make the 
    following announcement concerning privileges of the floor for House 
    staff during the 97th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Rule XXII strictly limits those persons to whom the privileges 
    of the floor during sessions of the House are extended, and that 
    rule prohibits the Chair from entertaining requests for suspension 
    or waiver of that rule. As reiterated as recently as August 22, 
    1974, by Speaker Albert under the principle stated in ``Deschler's 
    Procedure,'' chapter 4, section 3.4, the rule strictly limits the 
    number of committee staff permitted on the floor at one time during 
    the consideration of measures reported from their committees. To 
    this end, the Chair requests Members and committee staff to 
    cooperate to assure that not more than the proper number of staff 
    are on the floor, and then only during the actual consideration of 
    measures reported from their committees. The Chair would extend 
    this admonition to all properly admitted majority and minority 
    staff by suggesting that their presence on the floor, including the 
    areas behind the rail, be restricted to those periods during which 
    their supervisors have properly requested their presence. The Chair 
    has consulted with and has the concurrence of the minority leader 
    with respect to this policy and has requested the Doorkeeper and 
    the Sergeant at Arms to assure proper enforcement of the rule.

Sec. 5.7 While rule XXXII (now clause 2(a) of rule IV)(41) 
    has been interpreted(42) to allow up to five committee 
    staff persons to exercise floor privileges floor during 
    consideration of business from that committee, the Chair further 
    restricted floor access during the pendency of an omnibus 
    reconciliation measure to only staff of committees which had 
    recommended legislative provisions pertaining to a pending 
    amendment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
42. 118 Cong. Rec. 20318, 98th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 25, 1983).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 26, 1981,(43) during consideration of an omnibus 
reconciliation measure (the product of multiple committees), the Chair 
announced that staff of committees that were directly affected by a 
pending amendment would be permitted to exercise floor privileges, but 
that staff of unaffected committees would be temporarily denied access:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. 127 Cong. Rec. 14574, 97th Cong. 1st Sess. For a reiteration by the 
        Speaker of this policy announcement, see 129 Cong. Rec. 224, 
        98th Cong. 1st Sess. (Jan. 25, 1983).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Daniel] GLICKMAN [of Kansas]. Mr. Chairman, a point of 
    order.
        The CHAIRMAN pro tempore.(44) The gentleman will 
    state his point of order.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. Abraham Kazen (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. GLICKMAN. Mr. Chairman, I do not know what the rules of the 
    House say, but there are an extraordinary number of staff on the 
    floor that I think are contributing to the noise level in this 
    House. I just would point that out to the Chair to perhaps 
    encourage those who are not supposed to be here to leave.
        The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Chair is going to insist, 
    considering the unique nature of the pending bill and amendment, 
    that only the staff of committees which are directly affected by 
    the pending amendment should be on the floor. In addition to the 
    Budget Committee staff, and then only those limited number of staff 
    persons requested to remain by the chairmen and ranking minority 
    members of those committees.
        The Chair would appreciate the cooperation of the chairmen and 
    ranking minority members of the committees to see if we can keep 
    this noise level down and proceed in an orderly fashion with the 
    consideration of the legislation.

Sec. 5.8 The Speaker announced, pursuant to rule XXXII (now clause 2(a) 
    of rule IV),(45) a revised policy regarding committee 
    staff floor privileges, which required the display of staff badges 
    on the floor in order to ensure that only the proper number of 
    committee staff be permitted on the floor and only during 
    consideration of measures from their committees.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
45. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 21, 1986,(46) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. 132 Cong. Rec. 5, 99th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(47) The Chair desires to make the 
    following announcement concerning privileges of the floor for House 
    staff during the 2d session of the 99th Congress.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Rule XXXII strictly limits those persons to whom the privileges 
    of the floor during sessions of the House are extended, and that 
    rule prohibits the Chair from entertaining requests for suspension 
    or waiver of that rule. As reiterated by the Chair on January 25, 
    1983, and January 3, 1985, and as stated in chapter 4, section 3.4 
    of Procedure in the House of Representatives, the rule strictly 
    limits the number of committee staff on the floor at one time 
    during the consideration of measures reported from their 
    committees. This permission does not extend to Members' personal 
    staff except when a Member's amendment is actually pending during 
    the 5-minute rule. It also does not extend to personal staff of 
    Members who are sponsors of pending bills or who are engaging in 
    special orders. The Chair requests the cooperation of all Members 
    and committee staff to assure that only the proper number of staff 
    are on the floor, and then only during the consideration of 
    measures reported from their committees.
        The Chair is making this statement and reiterating this policy 
    because of concerns expressed by many Members about the number of 
    committee staff on the floor during the last weeks of the first 
    session.
        The Chair will institute the following procedure for the 
    remainder of the 99th Congress. The Chair requests each chairman, 
    and each ranking minority member, to submit to the Doorkeeper a 
    list of staff who are to be allowed on the floor during the 
    consideration of a measure reported by their committee. Each staff 
    person should exchange his or her ID for a ``committee staff'' 
    badge which is to be worn while on the floor. The Chair has 
    consulted with the minority leader and will continue to consult 
    with him. The Chair has furthermore directed the Doorkeeper and the 
    Sergeant at Arms to assure proper enforcement of rule XXXII.

Sec. 5.9 Staff members admitted to the floor are prohibited by clause 4 
    of rule XXXII (now clause 5 of rule IV)(48) from 
    engaging in efforts in the House Chamber to influence Members, 
    including passing out leaflets to Members entering the Chamber 
    during a vote.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
48. House Rules and Manual Sec. 681 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On August 1, 1990,(49) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
49. 136 Cong. Rec. 21519, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Ronald] MARLENEE [of Montana]. Mr. Chairman, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The CHAIRMAN.(50) The gentleman will state it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. David Bonior (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. MARLENEE. Mr. Chairman, it is into the conduct of the staff 
    on both sides of the aisle that I particularly noted that staff was 
    involved in passing out literature, in passing out and handing out 
    leaflets. I would like to know what the proper conduct of the staff 
    is.
        The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman raises a good point. The Chair will 
    pull from clause 4, rule XXXII on the conduct of staff:

        No such person or clerk of a committee so admitted under clause 
    1 shall engage in efforts in the Hall of the House or rooms leading 
    thereto to influence Members with regard to the legislation being 
    amended.

        The Chair would ask Members and staff to adhere to this.

Sec. 5.10 Pursuant to clause 4 of rule XXXII (now clause 5 of rule 
    IV)(51) proscribing staff efforts to influence 
    legislation on the floor, staff permitted on the floor are to 
    desist from audible conversations and are not to indicate any 
    approval or disapproval of the proceedings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. House Rules and Manual Sec. 681 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 14, 1995,(52) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. 141 Cong. Rec. 15896-97, 104th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          announcement by the chairman

        The CHAIRMAN.(53) The Chair takes this opportunity 
    to remind all staff who now enjoy the privilege of the floor that 
    they are to desist from audible conversations and are not to 
    manifest any approval or disapproval of proceedings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. Norvell Emerson (MO).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings

Sec. 5.11 The Speaker announced that during the joint meeting for the 
    swearing in of Rep. Gerald Ford of Michigan as Vice President on 
    the following day, only certain doors would be open and only 
    persons with floor privileges would be permitted in the Chamber.

    On December 5, 1973,(54) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. 119 Cong. Rec. 39677, 93d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The SPEAKER.(55) The Chair desires to make an 
    announcement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        After consultation with the majority and minority leaders, and 
    with their consent and approval, the Chair announces that on 
    tomorrow, December 6, during the joint meeting to be held in 
    connection with the swearing in of the Vice President, only the 
    doors immediately opposite the Speaker and those on his left and 
    right will be open.
        No one will be allowed on the floor of the House except those 
    persons having the privilege of the floor of the House.

Sec. 5.12 The Speaker admonished Members to refrain from occupying 
    seats in the Chamber reserved for the Senate during a joint session 
    to receive a message from the President, and announced that no 
    personal guests would be allowed in the Chamber during the joint 
    session.

    On April 20, 1977,(56) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. 123 Cong. Rec. 11450, 11480, 11483, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(57) The Chair would like to announce at 
    this time that this evening there will be a joint session. A 
    certain number of seats will be set aside for the Senate. The 
    leadership of the House would appreciate it if we would respect 
    those seats because it has been embarrassing in the past when 
    Senators have arrived that seats have not been available for them.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair would also like to note the fact that there will be 
    no guests on the floor of the House Chamber this evening. The seats 
    will be reserved for Members of the House, for the Members of the 
    Senate, for the diplomatic corps, and for the members of the 
    Cabinet.

Sec. 5.13 The Speaker has specifically announced that children of 
    Members(58) may not attend the joint session to receive 
    a message from the President on the state of the Union.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. Parliamentarian's Note: This was the first instance where the 
        Speaker specifically noted that children of Members would not 
        be permitted to attend the joint session. This prohibition has 
        been reiterated in subsequent announcements regarding 
        attendance at joint sessions to receive presidential messages. 
        See, e.g., 163 Cong. Rec. H1386 [Daily Ed.], 115th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Feb. 28, 2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 23, 1996,(59) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. 142 Cong. Rec. 1173 104th Cong. 2d Sess. This announcement has now 
        become standard for joint meetings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(60) The Chair desires to 
    make an announcement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
60. Richard White (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        After consultation with the majority and minority leaders, and 
    with their consent and approval, the Chair announces that tonight 
    when the two Houses meet in joint session to hear an address by the 
    President of the United States, only the doors immediately opposite 
    the Speaker and those on his left and right will be open.
        No one will be allowed on the floor of the House who does not 
    have the privilege of the floor of the House.
        Due to the large attendance which is anticipated, the Chair 
    feels that the rule regarding the privilege of the floor must be 
    strictly adhered to.
        Children of Members will not be permitted on the floor, and the 
    cooperation of all Members is requested.

Sec. 5.14 In preparation for a joint session to receive a message from 
    the President, the Chair announced that the practice of reserving 
    seats by placard for the joint session would not be allowed and 
    that Members could reserve seats only by physical presence 
    following a security sweep of the Chamber.

    On February 12, 2013,(61) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. 159 Cong. Rec. H443-H444 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. See 
        also Sec. 1.19, supra, and 155 Cong. Rec. 6364, 111th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Mar. 4, 2009).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(62) After consultation 
    among the Speaker and the majority and minority leaders, and with 
    their consent, the Chair announces that, when the two Houses meet 
    tonight in joint session to hear an address by the President of the 
    United States, only the doors immediately opposite the Speaker and 
    those immediately to his left and right will be open.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. Randy Hultgren (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        No one will be allowed on the floor of the House who does not 
    have the privilege of the floor of the House. Due to the large 
    attendance that is anticipated, the rule regarding the privilege of 
    the floor must be strictly enforced. Children of Members will not 
    be permitted on the floor. The cooperation of all Members is 
    requested.
        The practice of purporting to reserve seats prior to the joint 
    session by placement of placards or personal items will not be 
    allowed. Chamber Security may remove these items from the seats. 
    Members may reserve their seats only by physical presence following 
    the security sweep of the Chamber.
        Pursuant to clause 12(a) of rule I, the Chair declares the 
    House in recess until approximately 8:35 p.m. for the purpose of 
    receiving in joint session the President of the United States.
        Accordingly (at 2 o'clock and 41 minutes p.m.), the House stood 
    in recess.

Senators

Sec. 5.15 Instance where the Speaker acknowledged the presence on the 
    floor of a Senator from the state of a Member-elect being 
    administered the oath of office.

    On July 9, 1981,(63) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. 127 Cong. Rec. 15215, 97th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         SWEARING IN OF THE HONORABLE WAYNE DOWDY OF MISSISSIPPI AS A 
                            MEMBER OF THE HOUSE    

        The SPEAKER.(64) Will the Member-elect kindly 
    present himself in the well of the House and take the oath of 
    office? The Member-elect will be escorted by the dean of the 
    Mississippi delegation and of the House, the Members from the State 
    of Mississippi, and our honored guest, the Senator from the State 
    of Mississippi, Senator Stennis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Charles] DOWDY [of Mississippi] appeared before the bar of 
    the House and took the oath of office.

Sec. 5.16 Instance where the Chair noted the presence of two Senators 
    from Mississippi in the House Chamber on the occasion of Rep. Jamie 
    Whitten's 50th anniversary in Congress, and advised that they would 
    not have the privilege of speaking.

    On November 5, 1991,(65) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 137 Cong. Rec. 30010-11, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         TODAY JAMIE WHITTEN MARKS HIS 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF SERVICE IN 
                                THIS CHAMBER    

        (Mr. [Sonny] MONTGOMERY [of Mississippi]) asked and was given 
    permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and 
    extend his remarks.)
        Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay tribute to the dean 
    of the House of Representatives and the dean of the Mississippi 
    delegation. Congressman Jamie Whitten today, November 5, 1991, 
    marks his 50th anniversary of service in this Chamber. 
    Congratulations, Mr. Whitten, for what you have done. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Sonny] Montgomery [of 
    Mississippi]). Before recognizing the gentleman from Mississippi 
    [Mr. Taylor], the Chair would like to thank the other Members on 
    both sides of the aisle for letting the Chair recognize Members 
    from Mississippi, and after the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. 
    Natcher] has made his remarks, the Chair will then be going from 
    one side of the aisle to the other side of the aisle.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. 
    Taylor]. . . .                          -------------------

                  ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Before recognizing the gentleman from 
    Kentucky [Mr. Natcher], the Chair would like to say that there are 
    two Members from the other body. They will not have the privilege 
    of speaking, but they are certainly welcome here, and they are from 
    Mississippi.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. Natcher].



Sec. 6. Former Members' Floor Privileges

    Since the early 19th century, former Members of the House have been 
granted the privilege of admission to the Hall of the 
House.(1) The 1867 form of the rule specified that such 
former Members (then termed ``ex-Members'') should not be ``interested 
in any claim pending before Congress''(2)_indicating a 
concern that former Members would lobby their erstwhile colleagues on 
the floor regarding legislation in which they had a personal or 
pecuniary interest. In 1945, the Chair held that former Members do not 
have the privilege of the floor when they are either personally 
interested in pending legislation or are in the employ of an 
organization with such an interest.(3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Parliamentarian's Note: Former Members were first given floor 
        privileges in the second session of the Tenth Congress. 19 
        Annals of Cong. 1432 (Feb. 11, 1809). Such privileges were 
        revoked in 1857, but reinstated in 1867. See 5 Hinds' 
        Precedents Sec. 7284. For the ceremonial event of Former 
        Members' Day (typically conducted in the House Chamber), see 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 17.
 2. 38 Cong. Globe 119, 40th Cong. 1st Sess. (Mar. 15, 1867).
 3. 91 Cong. Rec. 9251, 79th Cong. 1st Sess. (Oct. 2, 1945). See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 Sec. 4.7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 1970s, the rule regarding former Members' access to the 
floor was expanded to specify the conditions by which former Members 
may be admitted to the Hall of the House. In 1976, language was 
included to formally exclude from the floor former Members who were in 
the employ of (or were representing) parties or organizations with an 
interest in legislation before the House.(4) Additional 
language clarified that such legislation may be pending on the floor, 
reported by committee, or under consideration by any committee or 
subcommittee. The rule authorized the Speaker to promulgate regulations 
to enforce the prohibitions contained therein, and the Speaker has made 
announcements as to how the rule was to be enforced.(5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4. See Sec. 6.1, infra.
 5. See Sec. Sec. 6.2-6.4, infra. For similar reiterations of this 
        policy, see 141 Cong. Rec. 14300, 104th Cong. 1st Sess. (May 
        24, 1995) and 142 Cong. Rec. 21031, 104th Cong. 2d Sess. (Aug. 
        1, 1996).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In 2006, the modern form of the rule was adopted.(6) 
Clause 4 of rule IV(7) was amended to bar from the floor 
former Members who: (1) are registered lobbyists or agents of a foreign 
principal; (2) have a personal or pecuniary interest in legislation 
pending before the House or reported by a committee; or (3) are 
employed by or are representing any party or organization ``for the 
purpose of influencing, directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
amendment of any legislative proposal.''(8) The Speaker was 
also authorized, by clause 4(b), to exempt ceremonial or educational 
functions from the restrictions of the rule.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. See Sec. 6.7, infra.
 7. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
 8. Parliamentarian's Note: These prohibitions apply not only to former 
        Members, but also former Parliamentarians of the House, former 
        elected officers, and former minority employees nominated as 
        elected officers of the House. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 
        (2017).
 9. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017). For an example of a special 
        order of business resolution excluding former Members from a 
        joint meeting for the address of Pope Francis, see Sec. 5.2, 
        supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Chair has responded to parliamentary inquiries regarding the 
content of rule IV as it applies to former Members.(10) A 
resolution proposing to bar a former Member from exercising floor 
privileges has been raised as a question of the privileges of the 
House.(11) Members have been reminded to address their 
remarks to the Chair and not to former Members who may be on the floor 
exercising floor privileges.(12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. See Sec. 6.8, infra.
11. See Sec. 6.6, infra. For more on questions of privilege generally, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 11 and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 
        11.
12. See Sec. 6.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 6.1 The House adopted a privileged resolution reported from 
    Committee on Rules amending the standing rules of the House to 
    permit former Members, officers and certain former employees access 
    to the floor of the House during its sessions (under regulations 
    promulgated by the Speaker) only if: (1) they do not have a direct 
    personal or pecuniary interest in a measure pending before the 
    House or reported by a committee; and (2) they are not lobbying for 
    or against any measure pending before the House, reported from 
    committee, or under consideration in any committee or 
    subcommittee.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. For the modern form of the rule, see rule IV, clause 4, House Rules 
        and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 1, 1976,(14) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 122 Cong. Rec. 35175-80, 94th Cong. 2d Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. Sec. 678, 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               AMENDING RULE XXXII OF THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF 
         REPRESENTATIVES TO SPECIFY CONDITIONS FOR THE ADMISSION OF EX-
        MEMBERS AND CERTAIN OTHER PERSONS TO THE HALL OF THE HOUSE AND 
                           ROOMS LEADING THERETO    

        Mr. [Richard] BOLLING [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, by direction 
    of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 1435 and ask 
    for its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 1435

  Resolved, That rule XXXII of the Rules of the House of Representatives is 
amended in the following way:

  Rule XXXII, clause 1, is amended by striking the work ``ex-Members'' as 
it first appears, through the word ``consideration'', and substituting in 
lieu thereof the following ``the Parliamentarian, elected officers, and 
elected minority employees of the House (other than Members), clerks of 
committees when business from their committee is under consideration: and 
ex-Members of the House of Representatives, former Parliamentarians of the 
House, and former elected minority employees of the House, subject to the 
provisions of clause 3 of this rule''

  ``3. Ex-Members of the House of Representatives, former Parliamentarians 
of the House, and former elected officers and former elected minority 
employees of the House, shall be entitled to the privilege of admission to 
the Hall of the House and rooms leading thereto on making declaration, on 
honor, in a register to be kept for that purpose, that they do not have any 
direct personal or pecuniary interest in any legislative measure coming up 
for consideration in the House, or that they are not in the employ of, or 
do not represent, any party or organization for the purpose of influencing, 
directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat or amendment of any legislative 
measure before the House or any of its committees. The Doorkeeper shall be 
held responsible to the House for the execution of this rule.''.

  With the following committee amendment:

  Strike all after the ``Resolved'' clause, and insert in lieu thereof the 
following:

  That Rule XXXII of the Rules of the House of Representatives is amended 
in the following way:

  Rule XXXII, clause 1, is amended by striking the work ``ex-Members'' as 
it first appears, through the word ``consideration'', and substituting in 
lieu thereof the following ``the Parliamentarian, elected officers and 
elected minority employees of the House (other than Members), clerks of 
committees when business from their committee is under consideration; and 
ex-Members of the House of Representatives, former Parliamentarians of the 
House, and former elected officers and form elected minority employees of 
the House, subject to the provisions of clause 3 of this rule''.

  Rule XXXII is further amended by adding the following new clause:

  ``3. Ex-Members of the House of Representatives, former Parliamentarians 
of the House, and former elected officers and former elected minority 
employees of the House, shall be entitled to the privilege of admission to 
the Hall of the House and rooms leading thereto only if they do not have 
any direct personal or pecuniary interest in any legislative measure 
pending before the House or reported by any committee of the House and only 
if they are not in the employ of, or do not represent, any party or 
organization for the purpose of influencing, directly or indirectly, the 
passage, defeat or amendment of any legislative measure pending before the 
House, reported by any committee of the House or under consideration in any 
of its committees or subcommittees. The Speaker shall promulgate such 
regulations as may be necessary to implement the provisions of this rule 
and to ensure its enforcement.''

        The SPEAKER.(15) The gentleman from Missouri (Mr. 
    Bolling) is recognized for 1 hour. . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the 
    amendment and on the resolution.
        The previous question was ordered.
        The amendment was agreed to.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        The motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 6.2 The Speaker announced the promulgation of regulations pursuant 
    to clause 3 of rule XXXII (now clause 4 of rule IV),(16) 
    governing floor privileges of former Members and former officers of 
    the House.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 1977,(17) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 123 Cong. Rec. 321, 95th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        FLOOR PRIVILEGES OF FORMER MEMBERS AND OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF 
                              REPRESENTATIVES    

        The SPEAKER.(18) The Chair will insert at this point 
    in the Record a statement covering the floor privileges of former 
    Members and officers of the House of Representatives, in order that 
    former Members and officers of the House of Representatives will be 
    aware of the floor privileges accorded to them:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Thomas O'Neill (MA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Floor Privileges of Former Members and Officers of the House of 
                              Representatives

        1. Former Members and Officers of the House shall be entitled 
    to the privilege of admission to the floor of the House only if 
    they do not have a direct personal or pecuniary interest, as 
    determined by the Speaker, in any legislative measure pending 
    before the House or reported by any committee of the House and only 
    if they are not in the employ of, or do not represent, as 
    determined by the Speaker, any party or organization for the 
    purpose of influencing, directly or indirectly, the passage, 
    defeat, or amendment of any legislative measure pending before the 
    House, reported by anycommittee of the House or under consideration 
    in any of its committees or subcommittees.
        2. Former Members and Officers of the House shall enter the 
    Chamber through the Lobby Doors and shall furnish adequate 
    identification to the doormen. Each former Member and Officer shall 
    be furnished with a copy of these regulations, and with a copy of 
    the proposed House schedule for that day. It is the responsibility 
    of the former Member or Officer to personally ascertain that there 
    is no measure pending in a committee or subcommittee that would 
    prevent his access to the floor under this rule.
        3. For the purposes of clause 3 of rule XXXII, legislative 
    measures under consideration in committees and subcommittees shall 
    be those bills and resolutions which either (1) have been called up 
    for consideration in a proper meeting of the full committee or of a 
    subcommittee thereof, or (2) havebeen the subject of a proper 
    hearing of the full committee or of a subcommittee thereof, 
    whichever first occurs. A measure shall not be deemed under 
    consideration if the committee or subcommittee has finally disposed 
    of the bill or resolution adversely.
        4. The provisions of (a) above shall not apply to former 
    Members who are entitled to the privilege of the floor in another 
    capacity under Rule XXXII.

Sec. 6.3 A former Member is not entitled to the privilege of the floor 
    under rule XXXII (now clause 4 of rule IV),(19) if such 
    former Member: (1) has a direct personal or pecuniary interest in 
    legislation under consideration in the House or reported by any 
    committee; or (2) represents any party or organization for the 
    purpose of influencing the disposition of legislation pending 
    before the House, reported by any committee, or under consideration 
    in any committee or subcommittee.(20)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
20. Parliamentarian's Note: The 2006 revision to the rule (now clause 4 
        of rule IV), does not include the language ``under 
        consideration in any of its committees or subcommittees'' as it 
        was stated in this 1978 reading of the rule by the Chair. See 
        Sec. 6.7, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 7, 1978,(21) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. 124 Cong. Rec. 16624-25, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.; House Rules and 
        Manual Sec. 681 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Robert] BAUMAN [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] BRADEMAS [of Indiana]). The 
    gentleman will state his parliamentary inquiry.
        Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, do not the rules of the House require 
    that any former Members with a direct interest in the legislation 
    pending before the House or any committees or subcommittees thereof 
    absent themselves completely from the floor of the House?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will read the rule from the 
    House Rules and Manual, at page 658. Clause 3, rule XXXII reads as 
    follows:
        Ex-Members of the House of Representatives, former 
    Parliamentarians of the House, and former elected officers and 
    former elected minority employees of the House, shall be entitled 
    to the privilege of admission to the Hall of the House and rooms 
    leading thereto only if they don't have any direct personal or 
    pecuniary interest in any legislative measure pending before the 
    House or reported by any committee of the House and only if they 
    are not in the employ of, or do not represent, any party or 
    organization for the purpose of influencing, directly or 
    indirectly, the passage, defeat or amendment of any legislative 
    measure pending before the House, reported by any committee of the 
    House or under consideration in any of its committees or 
    subcommittees.
        The Chair therefore responds to the gentleman's inquiry in the 
    affirmative.
        Mr. BAUMAN. I thank the Speaker, and I assume that the Chair 
    will enforce the rule.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary 
    inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, would it be the 
    opinion of the Chair that that restriction would apply only to the 
    time that the legislation that the former Member might be 
    interested in was before the House?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The rule reads, ``or reported by any 
    committee of the House or under consideration in any of its 
    committees or subcommittees.''
        Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. I thank the Chair.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. DICKS. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
        Mr. [Norman] DICKS [of Washington]. Mr. Speaker, I would ask 
    the question, when it says, ``personal or pecuniary interest,'' 
    does that not mean directly in an individual sense, and not in an 
    official government capacity? Many people have an interest in the 
    defense bill or the HEW bill in an official capacity. This says, 
    ``personal or pecuniary,'' and I would suggest--thinking that I 
    know who the gentleman is talking about--that he has no direct 
    personal or pecuniary interest in an individual sense.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would respond to the 
    gentleman from Washington by saying that there are two parts of the 
    rule. The part to which the gentleman from Washington has just 
    referred quite accurately runs to the matter of direct personal or 
    pecuniary interest, while the second part of the rules runs to the 
    question of whether or not the ex-Member is in the employ of or 
    represents any party or organization for the purpose of influencing 
    the passage, defeat, or amendment of any legislative measure 
    pending before the House, or reported by any committee of the 
    House, or under consideration in a committee or subcommittee.
        Mr. DICKS. So it is to that part that the Chair refers?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.

Sec. 6.4 Announcement by the Speaker reiterating the prohibition of 
    clause 3 of rule XXXII (now clause 4 of rule IV)(22) 
    against former Members obtaining floor privileges during the 
    pendency of a matter in which they have a personal or pecuniary 
    interest, emphasizing that the test for the whether the rule is 
    being violated is the former Member's status as one with a personal 
    or pecuniary interest rather than an intent to lobby.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 9, 1994,(23) the Speaker reiterated regulations 
established pursuant to clause 3 of rule XXXII (now clause 4 of rule 
IV) and previously announced on January 6, 1977,(24) and 
June 7, 1978,(25) restricting the floor privileges of former 
Members in certain circumstances:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. 140 Cong. Rec. 12387, 103d Cong. 2d Sess. For two similar 
        reiterations of this policy, see 141 Cong. Rec. 14300, 104th 
        Cong. 1st Sess. (May 24, 1995) and 142 Cong. Rec. 21031, 104th 
        Cong. 2d Sess. (Aug. 1, 1996).
24. See Sec. 6.2, supra.
25. See Sec. 6.3, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(26) The Chair desires to make an 
    announcement:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. Thomas Foley (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Former Members are reminded that they are entitled to the 
    privilege of admission to the floor of the House only if they do 
    not have a direct personal or pecuniary interest, as determined by 
    the Speaker, in any legislative measure pending before the House or 
    reported by any committee of the House and only if they are not in 
    the employ of, or do not represent, as determined by the Speaker, 
    any party or organization for the purpose of influencing, directly 
    or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or amendment of any legislative 
    measure pending before the House--meaning those measures which 
    either have been called up for consideration in a proper meeting of 
    a full or subcommittee or have been the subject of a proper hearing 
    of the full or subcommittee, whichever first occurs. A measure 
    which has been finally disposed of adversely in committee or 
    subcommittee is no longer considered under active consideration in 
    committee.
        The Chair is taking this opportunity to reiterate the 
    guidelines first announced by Speaker O'Neill under clause 3, rule 
    XXXII on January 6, 1977, and again on June 7, 1978, in order to 
    discourage former Members from attempting to exercise their limited 
    floor privileges when they find themselves under this restriction. 
    Since the Chair cannot waive the restrictions of this rule, even by 
    unanimous consent, former Members should not importune the 
    doorkeepers to do so. Former Members should be aware that it is 
    their status as one with a personal or pecuniary interest or as one 
    in a lobbying position, and not their intent or lack thereof to 
    influence legislation when going on the floor, that is the basis 
    for the restriction in the rule.

Sec. 6.5 In response to a parliamentary inquiry, the Chair advised that 
    former Members have the privileges of the floor and the rooms 
    leading thereto under clause 1 of rule XXXII (now clause 2(a) of 
    rule IV),(27) subject to the restrictions in clause 3 of 
    rule XXXII (now clause 4 of rule IV)(28) pertaining to 
    personal or representational interests.(29)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. House Rules and Manual Sec. 678 (2017).
28. House Rules and Manual Sec. 688 (2017).
29. Parliamentarian's Note: Former Rep. Robert Dornan of California, a 
        contestant in a contested election case pending before a task 
        force of the Committee on House Oversight, was on the House 
        floor. While certain Members felt that this was a disqualifying 
        interest under former clause 3 of rule XXXII, the rule has 
        never been interpreted to prohibit contestants in election 
        cases from exercising floor privileges. See also Sec. 6.6, 
        infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 17, 1997,(30) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. 143 Cong. Rec. 19026, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY    

        Mr. [Robert] MENENDEZ [of New Jersey]. Mr. Speaker, 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ken] Calvert [of California]). 
    The gentleman will state his inquiry.
        Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I have a parliamentary inquiry that 
    goes to the integrity of the House.
        My question is, Could the Speaker advise the House of that 
    provision of the rules which prohibits former Members of the House 
    from coming onto the House floor and lobbying when they have a 
    direct personal or pecuniary interest in a matter pending before 
    the House?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 1 of rule XXXII, 
    former Members have the privileges of the floor or rooms leading 
    thereto subject to the provisions of clause 3 of that rule.
        Mr. MENENDEZ. And that is the controlling provision as it 
    relates to former Members not lobbying in the House in that 
    respect, Mr. Speaker?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.

Sec. 6.6 A resolution alleging that a named former Member had breached 
    proper decorum on the floor of the House, and resolving that the 
    Sergeant-at-Arms be instructed to bar the former Member from the 
    Chamber and rooms leading thereto until the resolution of a 
    contested election to which he was party, gives rise to a question 
    of the privileges of the House.

    On September 18, 1997,(31) the House adopted a 
resolution raised as a question of the privileges of the House 
(following the defeat of a motion to lay said resolution on the table):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 143 Cong. Rec. 19340-45, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE--RESTRICTING FLOOR PRIVILEGES OF FORMER 
          REPRESENTATIVE ROBERT DORNAN PENDING RESOLUTION OF ELECTION 
                   CONTEST IN 46TH DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA    

        Mr. [Robert] MENENDEZ [of New Jersey]. Pursuant to clause 2 of 
    rule IX and by agreement with the majority leader, Mr. Armey, I 
    hereby give notice of my intention to offer a privileged 
    resolution.
        The form of the resolution is as follows:

House Resolution 233

  Whereas the privilege of admission to the Hall of the House or rooms 
leading thereto is subject to the requirements of proper decorum;

  Whereas concern has arisen that the privilege of admission to the Hall of 
the House or rooms leading thereto has become the subject of abuse;

  Whereas Representative Menendez of New Jersey has given notice pursuant 
to clause 2 of rule IX of his intention to offer a question of the 
privileges of the House addressing that concern;

  Whereas these circumstances warrant an immediate affirmation by the House 
of its unequivocal commitment to the principle that every person who 
exercises the privilege of admission to the Hall of the House or rooms 
leading thereto assumes a concomitant responsibility to comport himself in 
a manner that properly dignifies the proceedings of the House; Therefore be 
it

  Resolved, That the Sergeant-at-Arms is instructed to remove former 
Representative Robert Dornan from the Hall of the House and rooms leading 
thereto and to prevent him from returning to the Hall of the House and 
rooms leading thereto until the election contest concerning the forty-sixth 
district of California is resolved.

        The SPEAKER.(32) Pursuant to rule IX, the Chair 
    determines that this is the appropriate time to call up the 
    resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. Newt Gingrich (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution raising a 
    question of the privileges of the House.
        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution.
        The Clerk read the resolution.
        The SPEAKER. In the opinion of the Chair, the resolution 
    constitutes a question of the privileges of the House.

                   preferential motion offered by mr. stearns

        Mr. [Clifford] STEARNS [of Florida]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    preferential motion at the desk.
        The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the preferential motion.
        The Clerk read as follows:

        Mr. Stearns moves to lay the resolution offered by Mr. Menendez 
    on the table.

        The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion to table offered by 
    the gentleman from Florida [Mr. Stearns].
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the noes 
    appeared to have it.

                                 recorded vote

        Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    86, noes 291, answered ``present'' 3, not voting 53, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 414] . . .

        So the motion to table was rejected.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
        The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Menendez] is 
    recognized for 30 minutes.
        Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that debate 
    on this resolution be limited to 20 minutes equally divided and 
    controlled by myself and the gentleman from New York [Mr. Solomon] 
    for the purposes of debate only.
        The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman 
    from New Jersey?
        There was no objection.
        Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        Mr. Speaker, let me first thank all of my colleagues on both 
    sides of the aisle who did not permit the motion to table to take 
    place, to pass, so that we could have this opportunity. Failure to 
    do so would have not allowed a Member to be able to pursue the only 
    vehicle that a Member of this body has to enforce the decorum of 
    the House. I want to ask for Members' further support of this 
    resolution so that we make clear for ourselves and to the American 
    people watching us that profanities, insults, and name-calling are 
    not under any circumstance or for any reason accepted in this House 
    or inside this Chamber ever.

        Working with the Republican leadership, I changed the 
    resolution I originally introduced in order to depersonalize the 
    language, because when the rules of the House are broken, it is not 
    just personal, it affects the whole institution.
        Yesterday, nothing less than the integrity of the House was 
    undermined by former Congressman Dornan. In the course of 
    representing my constituents, exercising my rights as an elected 
    representative of the people and a Member of this House to debate 
    on the House floor, and asking a valid parliamentary inquiry that 
    did not name any individual by name, Mr. Dornan verbally assaulted 
    me. He used profane language, accused me of religious bigotry, 
    called my integrity into question, and, by the tone of his voice 
    and the context of his remarks, clearly attempted to lure me off 
    the floor into a physical altercation.
        By doing so, Mr. Dornan abused his privileges as a former 
    Member of the House of Representatives and conducted himself on the 
    floor in a manner which brings discredit to the House.
        Now, earlier today some of my colleagues called the event 
    alleged, implying the facts of the case are in doubt. But I would 
    remind my colleagues that there were several witnesses, and many of 
    you have come over on the Republican side of the aisle to tell me 
    that you not only saw, but heard what I have said. And those 
    included on my side of the aisle the gentlewoman from Connecticut 
    [Ms. DeLauro] and the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. Skaggs], among 
    others.
        Even beyond that, the Los Angeles Times reported today that Mr. 
    Dornan admitted to using a profane term, called me an anti-Catholic 
    and a coward, and that conduct alone, to which Mr. Dornan has 
    publicly admitted, publicly admitted, is enough to constitute a 
    gross violation of the House rules. So the event in question, my 
    colleagues, is not alleged, it is publicly admitted to by Mr. 
    Dornan himself. . . .

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Gerald] SOLOMON [of New York]. Mr. Speaker, if I might not 
    use any more of my time, because I have other Members that want to 
    be heard, but propound a question to the Chair: Is it the Chair's 
    understanding that should a resolution be brought to this floor, 
    where there would be a contested election on the floor of this 
    body, that this individual, this American citizen, then would be 
    allowed to be on the floor to argue his case?
        The SPEAKER. The Chair may have the option at that time of 
    relying on the legislative history of the debate as it is 
    occurring. The gentleman who offered the privileged resolution has 
    explained in the Record his interpretation of that resolution, that 
    it would not block a contestant in that contest from being on the 
    floor during pendency of a resolution on that day in an appropriate 
    manner. Therefore, the Chair will certainly take it under 
    advisement at that time and believes it is helpful.
        Mr. SOLOMON. I thank the Speaker.
        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, will the 
    gentleman yield?
        Mr. SOLOMON. I yield to the gentleman from Maryland.
        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I was going to say something, but I 
    think the Speaker has clarified the interpretation the Chair will 
    make. I will say in terms of a record, though I have not had the 
    opportunity of conferring with the gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. 
    Gejdenson] and I have conferred with the gentleman from New Jersey 
    [Mr. Menendez], it was clearly not the intent of the resolution, as 
    I understand from Mr. Menendez, to obviate any contestant's right 
    to appear on the floor at the time the contest is considered. We 
    agree with the chairman of the Committee on Rules in that regard. . 
    . .
        The SPEAKER. Without objection, the previous question is 
    ordered on the resolution.
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the adoption of the 
    resolution.
        The question was taken; and the Speaker announced that the ayes 
    appeared to have it.

                                 recorded vote

        Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
        A recorded vote was ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 
    289, noes 65, answered ``present'' 7, not voting 72, as follows:

                              [Roll No. 415] . . .

        So the resolution was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 6.7 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution: (1) 
    amending clause 4 of rule IV(33) to remove floor 
    privileges for former Members, officers, and minority employees who 
    are registered lobbyists or agents of foreign principals; have any 
    direct personal or pecuniary interest in any legislative measure 
    pending before the House or reported by a committee; or are in the 
    employ of or represent any party or organization for the purpose of 
    influencing, directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
    amendment of any legislative proposal; (2) authorizing the Speaker 
    to promulgate regulations specifically to exempt ceremonial or 
    educational functions from the restrictions of clause 4; and (3) 
    ordering that former Members and officers, and their spouses, who 
    are registered lobbyists or agents of foreign principals, be denied 
    access to exclusive House exercise facilities (and that the 
    Committee on House Administration promulgate regulations to carry 
    out such order).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On February 1, 2006,(34), in response to multiple 
parliamentary inquiries concerning the rule on floor privileges pending 
the consideration of a resolution proposing changes thereto, the Chair 
advised that the instant proceedings constituted ``personal interest'' 
for purposes of according floor access to former Members, and the Chair 
further clarified the definition of the ``Hall of the House and rooms 
leading thereto'' used in the rule:(35)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. 152 Cong. Rec. 540, 541, 548, 549, 580, 581, 109th Cong. 2d Sess.
35. Parliamentarian's Note: This resolution established plainer 
        proscriptions with respect to registered lobbyists, agents of 
        foreign principals, and persons with similar representational 
        roles. Thus, the rule applied to those employed as lobbyists 
        whether or not any particular legislation was pending at any 
        particular stage. The prohibitions of section 2 of this 
        resolution have been included in the opening day rules package 
        of subsequent Congresses.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ELIMINATING FLOOR PRIVILEGES OF FORMER MEMBERS AND OFFICERS    

        Mr. [David] DREIER [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H.Res. 648) to 
    eliminate floor privileges and access to Member exercise facilities 
    for registered lobbyists who are former Members or officers of the 
    House.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 648

  Resolved,

SECTION 1. FLOOR PRIVILEGES OF FORMER MEMBERS AND OFFICERS.

  Clause 4 of rule IV of the Rules of the House of Representatives is 
amended to read as follows:

  ``4. (a) A former Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner; a former 
Parliamentarian of the House; or a former elected officer of the House or 
former minority employee nominated as an elected officer of the House shall 
not be entitled to the privilege of admission to the Hall of the House and 
rooms leading thereto if he or she--

  ``(1) is a registered lobbyist or agent of a foreign principal as those 
terms are defined in clause 5 of rule XXV;

  ``(2) has any direct personal or pecuniary interest in any legislative 
measure pending before the House or reported by a committee; or

  ``(3) is in the employ of or represents any party or organization for the 
purpose of influencing, directly or indirectly, the passage, defeat, or 
amendment of any legislative proposal.

  ``(b) The Speaker may promulgate regulations that exempt ceremonial or 
educational functions from the restrictions of this clause.''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITING ACCESS TO MEMBER EXERCISE FACILITIES FOR LOBBYISTS WHO 
ARE FORMER MEMBERS OR OFFICERS.

  (a) In General.--The House of Representatives may not provide access to 
any exercise facility which is made available exclusively to Members and 
former Members, officers and former officers of the House of 
Representatives, and their spouses to any former Member, former officer, or 
spouse who is a lobbyist registered under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 
1995 or any successor statute or agent of a foreign principal as defined in 
clause 5 of rule XXV. For purposes of this section, the term ``Member of 
the House of Representatives'' includes a Delegate or Resident Commissioner 
to the Congress.

  (b) Regulations.--The Committee on House Administration shall promulgate 
regulations to carry out this section.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(36) Pursuant to the rule, 
    the gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier) and the gentlewoman from 
    New York (Ms. Slaughter) each will control 20 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. Ray H. LaHood (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California.

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Victor] SNYDER [of Arkansas]. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary 
    inquiry, if I might. Because of the State of the Union last night, 
    and we always have the tradition of lots of former Members, I have 
    two or three parliamentary inquiries that I would like to ask about 
    the rules of the House governing this debate today.
        Under rule IV, clause 4, if I might read it, because I think 
    most Members may not have looked at this in a while: ``former 
    Members, Delegates and Resident Commissioners; former 
    Parliamentarians of the House; and former elected officers and 
    minority employees nominated and elected as officers of the House 
    shall be entitled to the privileges of admission to the Hall of the 
    House and rooms leading thereto only if,
        ``(1) they do not have any direct personal or pecuniary 
    interest in any legislative measure pending before the House or 
    reported by a committee; and,
        ``(2) they are not in the employ of or do not represent any 
    party or organization for the purpose of influencing, directly or 
    indirectly, the passage, defeat or amendment of any legislative 
    measure pending before the House reported by a committee or under 
    consideration in any of its committees or subcommittees.''
        In Mr. Dreier's proposal today, it specifically includes all 
    registered lobbyists, any former Members that are registered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. What is the gentleman's inquiry?
        Mr. SNYDER. My inquiry is this: Under the current rules that we 
    are operating under today, do the rules prohibit any registered 
    lobbyist who is a former Member from being on the floor of the 
    House today or in the rooms adjoining thereto?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under certain circumstances, yes.
        Does the gentleman have another inquiry?
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, I would like a further amplification 
    on that. Clearly, a registered lobbyist, since Mr. Dreier's 
    legislation specifically refers to registered lobbyists, who are 
    former Members, have a direct personal interest in this legislation 
    pending today. I am not sure how that application, perhaps I have 
    not been clear in my question, how a registered lobbyist who is a 
    former Member could be on the House floor today when Mr. Dreier's 
    legislation specifically involves registered lobbyists who are 
    former Members.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. What is the gentleman's inquiry?
        Mr. SNYDER. My inquiry is: Are those Members, former Members, 
    who are registered lobbyists, are they not under current rules 
    prohibited from being on the floor today because they would have, 
    obviously, a personal interest in this, the intent of Mr. Dreier's 
    bill?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Would the gentleman restate his 
    question.
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, my question is: If a former Member, 
    who is currently a registered lobbyist, may that former Member, who 
    is currently a former lobbyist, be on the floor today during the 
    consideration of this bill?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Such a former Member should not be on 
    the floor given the pendency of this motion.
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, that is what my understanding was.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman have another 
    inquiry?
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, I do. Under the rules that I just 
    read, it refers to the Hall of the House and rooms leading thereto. 
    I assume that means the Speaker's Lobby and the two cloakrooms. Is 
    that the Speaker's interpretation of that rule?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct. It also 
    includes the Rayburn Room, just off the House floor.
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, my third parliamentary inquiry, under 
    current rules, I see no exemption, under the current rule, for any 
    kind of an educational function to occur during the consideration 
    of this measure; is that correct?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.
        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, my fourth parliamentary inquiry, this 
    bill is now under our suspension calendar. Is it the Speaker's 
    ruling that no amendments are allowed to broaden the application of 
    this rule?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.
        The gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier) may proceed.
        Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume. . . .

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, under the rules of the House, this is 
    a proposal to change the rules, when a provision says the Speaker 
    may promulgate regulations, under the rules of the House, will 
    there or will there not be a vote of approval of those promulgated 
    regulations by the Speaker on the definition of educational 
    functions?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ray] LaHood [of Illinois]). The 
    Chair will read this.
        Mr. SNYDER. You're a great reader, Mr. Speaker.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The degree to which the pending 
    proposal changes the status quo is a matter for the House to 
    debate. It is not the function of the Chair to interpret a 
    legislative proposal while it is under debate.
        Mr. SNYDER. I am sorry, when the Speaker promulgates 
    regulations, regardless of a minor change or a major change, my 
    inquiry is: Does that or does that not require a vote of the body?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. I will stand by what I said. The terms 
    of the resolution must speak for themselves.
        Mr. SNYDER. I will stand with you, Mr. Speaker. Thank you. . . 
    .
        The question was taken.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the opinion of the Chair, two-
    thirds of those present have voted in the affirmative.
        Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX and 
    the Chair's prior announcement, further proceedings on this 
    question will be postponed. . . 
    .                          -------------------

        ELIMINATING FLOOR PRIVILEGES OF FORMER MEMBERS AND OFFICERS    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The pending business is the question 
    of suspending the rules and agreeing to the resolution, H. Res. 
    648.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier) that the House 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution, H. Res. 648, on 
    which the yeas and nays are ordered.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    379, nays 50, answered ``present'' 1, not voting 3, as follows:

                               [Roll No. 3]. . .

        So (two-thirds of those voting having responded in the 
    affirmative) the rules were suspended and the resolution was agreed 
    to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    In accordance with adopted changes to clause 4 of rule 
IV(37) restricting admission to the Hall of the House for 
certain former Members, officers, officials, and employees, and 
authorizing the Speaker to promulgate regulations exempting certain 
functions from such restrictions, on February 1, 2006,(38) 
the Speaker announced the locations to which the new restrictions would 
apply and further announced the educational and ceremonial occasions 
that would be exempt from such restrictions:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
38. 152 Cong. Rec. 644, 109th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER    

        The SPEAKER.(39) The Chair desires to make an 
    announcement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39. Dennis Hastert (IL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The House has adopted a revision to the rule regarding the 
    admission to the floor and the rooms leading thereto. Clause 4 of 
    rule IV provides that a former Member, Delegate or Resident 
    Commissioner or a former Parliamentarian of the House, or a former 
    elected officer of the House or a former minority employee 
    nominated as an elected officer of the House shall not be entitled 
    to the privilege of admission to the Hall of the House and the 
    rooms extending thereto if he or she is a registered lobbyist or an 
    agent of a foreign principal; has any direct personal pecuniary 
    interest in any legislative measure pending before the House, or 
    reported by a committee; or is in the employ of or represents any 
    party, organization for the purpose of influencing, directly or 
    indirectly, the passage, defeat, or amendment of any legislative 
    proposal.
        This restriction extends not only to the House floor but 
    adjacent rooms, the cloakrooms and the Speaker's lobby.
        Clause 4 of rule IV also allows the Speaker to exempt 
    ceremonial and educational functions from the restrictions of this 
    clause. These restrictions shall not apply to attendance at joint 
    meetings or joint sessions, Former Members' Day proceedings, 
    educational tours, and other occasions as the Speaker may 
    designate.
        Members who have reason to know that a person is on the floor 
    inconsistent with clause 4 of rule IV should notify the Sergeant at 
    Arms.

Sec. 6.8 In response to a parliamentary inquiry,(40) the 
    Chair affirmed that former Members who are a registered lobbyists 
    or agents of a foreign principal do not have privileges of the 
    floor under of clause 4(a) of rule IV.(41)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
40. Parliamentarian's Note: This inquiry was prompted by the presence 
        of former Vice President Al Gore in the Chamber. He had floor 
        privileges only as a former Member, and not independently as a 
        former Vice President, and thus would be evaluated by the 
        standards of clause 4(a) of rule IV.
41. House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 21, 2007,(42) the Chair responded to 
parliamentary inquiries as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42. 153 Cong. Rec. 7079, 110th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             parliamentary inquiry

        Mr. [Lynn] WESTMORELAND [of Georgia]. Mr. Speaker, I have a 
    parliamentary inquiry.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(43) The gentleman will 
    state it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. Alcee Hastings (FL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. WESTMORELAND. Mr. Speaker, according to rule IV, clause 
    4(a), the privileges of former Members on this floor, it states, 
    ``is a registered lobbyist or an agent of a foreign principal, as 
    those terms are defined in clause 5 of rule XXV.'' Is it true that 
    if a former Member was a registered lobbyist or an agent of a 
    foreign principal, that they could not be on the floor?
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.

Sec. 6.9 Under clause 1 of rule XVII,(44) Members may not 
    direct remarks to a former Member present on the 
    floor.(45)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. House Rules and Manual Sec. 945 (2017).
45. Parliamentarian's Note: A former Member has floor privileges under 
        rule IV (House Rules and Manual Sec. 680 (2017)) and thus is 
        not a ``guest'' of the House (such as the child of a Member). 
        So although it is permissible to refer to the presence of a 
        former Member, remarks in debate must nevertheless be directed 
        to the Chair.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On April 9, 2014,(46) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
46. 160 Cong. Rec. H3130, H3133 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Steve] STOCKMAN [of Texas]. I have to tell you, when I 
    first got elected, it was none other than Kent Hance who came down. 
    I was a young guy, and he gave me a lot of advice, but I knew him 
    before he knew me because Ronald Reagan was in trouble, and Kent 
    Hance stepped forward against a lot of his party's wishes and took 
    the bull by the horns and really changed the United States, which 
    is amazing. But one of the things that, Kent, you have always done 
    is you have reached out to me when you didn't have to. . . .
        Again, I want to express my friendship to you and how much you 
    have helped me throughout the years. You have been very gracious to 
    me. I thank you. . . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(47) Members are reminded 
    not to direct their remarks to former Members on the House floor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. Jim Bridenstine (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



                           B. Capitol Grounds



Sec. 7. The Capitol Complex

    The Capitol complex consists of the Capitol building itself 
(containing both House and Senate chambers) as well as office buildings 
for House Members and Senators, the Capitol Visitor Center, the Capitol 
Power Plant, and the Capitol Grounds.(1) The area 
encompassed by the Capitol Grounds is defined by statute,(2) 
and includes both the National Garden of the United States Botanical 
Garden and the buildings of the Library of Congress. The Capitol 
complex is overseen by the Architect of the Capitol, who is appointed 
by the President with the advice and consent of the 
Senate.(3) The Architect of the Capitol also has 
jurisdiction over certain Federal judicial buildings, including the 
Supreme Court building(4) and the Thurgood Marshall Federal 
Judiciary Building.(5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. 40 U.S.C. Sec. 5101.
 2. 40 U.S.C. Sec. 5102.
 3. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 1801. For more on officers and officials of the 
        House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 6 and Precedents (Wickham) 
        Ch. 6.
 4. 40 U.S.C. Sec. 6111.
 5. 40 U.S.C. Sec. 6505.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The responsibilities of the Architect of the Capitol with respect 
to the Capitol complex overlap with those of other entities. With 
respect to the Capitol Grounds generally, the Architect shares 
jurisdiction with the Mayor of the District of Columbia over certain 
streets and curbsides that pass through the grounds.(6) 
Issues of safety and security fall under the jurisdiction of the 
Capitol Police, which is supervised by the Capitol Police Board 
(consisting of the Architect of the Capitol and the Sergeants-at-Arms 
for the House and Senate).(7) Responsibility for the Library 
of Congress buildings is divided among the Architect of the 
Capitol,(8) the Librarian of Congress,(9) and the 
Joint Committee of Congress on the Library.(10) The 
Architect of the Capitol shares jurisdiction over the House office 
buildings with the House Office Building Commission (consisting of the 
Speaker of the House, and (traditionally) the Majority Leader and 
Minority Leader).(11) The Architect of the Capitol employs a 
Superintendent of House Office Buildings to assist in the oversight of 
House office buildings. Committees of the House with jurisdiction over 
different aspects of the Capitol complex include the Committee on House 
Administration(12) and the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure.(13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. 40 U.S.C. Sec. 5102(b).
 7. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 1961.
 8. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 141.
 9. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 136.
10. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 132b.
11. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2001.
12. Rule X, clauses 1(k)(4) and 1(k)(13), House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 724 (2017).
13. Rule X, clauses 1(r)(9) and 1(r)(11), House Rules and Manual 
        Sec. 739 (2017).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Numerous statutes provide for the protection, use, and maintenance 
of the Capitol buildings and grounds, including care of the exterior, 
repairs, lighting, heating, and ventilation.(14) Various 
laws also regulate the conduct of individuals on the Capitol Grounds 
including prohibitions on certain kinds of demonstrations and 
disorderly conduct.(15)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 1811 et seq.
15. 40 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 5103 et seq. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        4 Sec. Sec. 1.2, 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Capitol building has been the site of several security 
incidents.(16) On July 24, 1998, a gunman infiltrated the 
Capitol and killed two Capitol Police officers.(17) On 
September 11, 2001, in response to the terrorist attacks in New York 
and the Pentagon, the House recessed for a period in excess of 24 hours 
as the Capitol was evacuated.(18) In the autumn of 2001, 
several letters containing anthrax spores were mailed to Senators, 
necessitating additional security protocols for handling mail coming 
into the Capitol complex and extensive chemical testing of House 
facilities.(19) In February, 2004, ricin powder was 
discovered in a letter mailed to the Dirksen Senate Office 
Building.(20) In 2005, the Chair declared emergency recesses 
on two occasions when notified that aircraft had violated the 
restricted airspace surrounding the Capitol.(21) On October 
3, 2013, the House exercised emergency recess authority when informed 
of a possible security threat.(22) On April 15, 2015, a man 
piloting a gyrocopter landed the device on the Capitol Grounds, after 
which he was detained by Capitol Police.(23) On March 28, 
2016, a man attempted to enter the Capitol Visitor Center with a 
firearm and was wounded by Capitol Police.(24)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. For a description of an earlier attack by Puerto Rican nationalists 
        in the House chamber in 1954, see Sec. 1.9, supra. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents. Ch. 4 Sec. 2; Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        29 Sec. 2.17; and Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. Sec. 15, 
        22.2, and 22.3.
17. See Sec. 1.13, supra. See also Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. For the 
        redesignation of Capitol facilities in honor of Officer 
        Chestnut and Detective Gibson, see Sec. Sec. 7.5, 7.6, infra.
18. See Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 
        39 Sec. 2.16.
19. See Sec. 8.2, infra.
20. See Sec. 1.16, supra.
21. See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 39 Sec. Sec. 2.15, 2.16.
22. 159 Cong. Rec. H6202, H6203 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
23. For remarks referencing this incident, see 161 Cong. Rec. H2319, 
        H2320 [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 1st Sess. (Apr. 21, 2015).
24. For remarks referencing this incident, see 162 Cong. Rec. H1624 
        [Daily Ed.], 114th Cong. 2d Sess. (Apr. 12, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    With respect to rooms within the Capitol, the House and Senate each 
have jurisdiction over their respective wings of the building, and 
share joint jurisdiction over other areas such as the Rotunda and the 
Capitol Visitor Center.(25) The House has exercised its 
jurisdiction over its wing of the Capitol by adopting resolutions 
designating certain rooms after former or retiring 
Members,(26) and the Senate has done likewise with respect 
to rooms and areas under its authority.(27) Designations for 
rooms or areas of shared jurisdiction are typically accomplished via 
concurrent resolutions of both Houses.(28) The House has 
also named office buildings under its control after former Members of 
the House.(29)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. For an earlier discussion of dedicating buildings and structures, 
        see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 22.
26. See Sec. Sec. 7.1, 7.3, 7.7, 7.8, and 7.9, infra.
27. See Sec. 7.4, infra.
28. See Sec. Sec. 7.5, 7.6, infra.
29. See Sec. 7.2, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House and Senate routinely host ceremonial occasions in their 
respective chambers, and also jointly authorize the use of Capitol 
facilities that fall within the jurisdiction of both 
bodies.(30) Concurrent resolutions have been adopted 
authorizing the use of the Capitol Rotunda,(31) the Capitol 
Grounds,(32) and the Capitol Visitor Center (Emancipation 
Hall)(33) for ceremonial occasions. Memorial services and 
other events have likewise been held in Statuary Hall.(34) 
The House and Senate traditionally adopt a concurrent resolution 
authorizing the use of the Rotunda for presidential inauguration 
ceremonies_authority typically granted in one Congress and reaffirmed 
by the succeeding Congress.(35)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. For ceremonies generally, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36.
31. See Sec. 7.10, infra.
32. See Sec. 7.11, infra.
33. See Sec. 7.13, infra.
34. See Sec. 7.12, infra.
35. See Sec. 7.14, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Portraits, statues, busts, and other artworks are frequently 
commissioned or accepted by Congress to be included in the art 
collection of the Capitol. Jurisdiction over the acceptance of artworks 
for display in the House wing of the Capitol is shared by numerous 
entities, including the Architect of the Capitol,(36) the 
House of Representatives Fine Arts Board,(37) the Clerk of 
the House,(38) the Joint Committee on the 
Library,(39) and the Committee on House 
Administration.(40) There also exists a United States 
Capitol Preservation Commission,(41) tasked with providing 
works of fine art for display in the Capitol, and a Senate Commission 
on Fine Arts,(42) whose jurisdiction extends to the Senate 
wing and Senate office buildings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
36. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2121(c).
37. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2121(a).
38. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2121(b).
39. 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2132, 2133.
40. Rule X, clause 1(k)(4), House Rules and Manual Sec. 724 (2017).
41. 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2081 et seq.
42. 2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2101 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The House has accepted portraits of former Majority 
Leaders(43) and Speakers,(44) while the Senate 
has accepted busts of former Presidents of the Senate.(45) 
The House and Senate jointly have authorized the placement of other 
busts and statues of noteworthy individuals in the Capitol or the 
Capitol Visitor Center.(46) Pursuant to statute, states are 
invited to submit two statues for inclusion in the National Statuary 
Hall collection.(47) Originally, all such statues were place 
in Statuary Hall itself, but the Architect of the Capitol has been 
authorized to relocate statues to other locations inside the Capitol 
and the Capitol Visitor Center.(48) States are authorized to 
replace statues and from time to time have done so.(49)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
43. See Sec. 7.15, infra.
44. See Sec. 7.17, infra.
45. See Sec. Sec. 7.16, 7.19, infra.
46. See Sec. Sec. 7.18, 7.20, 7.22, and 7.24, infra. The area between 
        the Capitol Rotunda and Statuary Hall, where several busts of 
        prominent individuals are displayed, was designated in the 
        114th Congress as the ``Freedom Foyer.'' See P.L. 114-74, 129 
        Stat. 584.
47. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2131.
48. 2 U.S.C. Sec. 2132(e).
49. See Sec. 7.22, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Two of the more unique historical items in the possession of 
Congress are Lincoln's catafalque and the mace of the House of 
Representatives. The former is a wooden platform first used to support 
the coffin of President Abraham Lincoln in 1865. When individuals lie 
in state in the Capitol Rotunda, Congress typically authorizes the use 
of the catafalque for such occasions.(50) The present mace 
of the House of Representatives, which dates from 1841, is a symbol of 
the authority of the House, and is carried in by the Sergeant-at-Arms 
upon the House's convening each day and is present whenever the House 
is in session.(51)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. See Sec. 7.23, infra. The catafalque is also sometimes provided for 
        funerals of other prominent Americans by concurrent resolution. 
        See Deschler's Precedents Ch. 38 Sec. 11.1.
51. See Sec. 7.21, infra. For more on the position of the mace during 
        sittings of the Committee of the Whole, see Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 19 Sec. 1.1. For presentation of the mace to 
        maintain order in the House, see Deschler's Precedents Ch. 29 
        Sec. 48.21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 7.1 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution naming a room on the House side of the Capitol after the 
    retiring Speaker.

    On October 9, 1986,(52) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52. 132 Cong. Rec. 29952-54, 99th Cong. 2d Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 22.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        DESIGNATING ROOM H-324 IN THE CAPITOL AS THE THOMAS P. O'NEILL, 
                                  JR. ROOM    

        Mr. James WRIGHT [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I send to the desk a 
    resolution (H. Res. 582) designating Room H-324, in the Capitol, as 
    the Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. Room, and ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] MOAKLEY [of 
    Massachusetts]). The Clerk will report the resolution.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

H. Res. 582

  Resolved, That room H-324 on the third floor of the House part of Capitol 
is hereby designated the Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. Room.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Texas?
        There was no objection. . . .
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

               DESIGNATION OF THE THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR. ROOM    

        (Mr. WRIGHT asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, little needs be said. A very few rooms 
    in the Capitol on the House side have been officially designated by 
    the House to honor individuals who are so much a part of our 
    institution that their names will forever epitomize the heart and 
    soul of the United States House of Representatives.
        One of those people, clearly, is Thomas P. ``Tip'' O'Neill, Jr. 
    As long as free men and women live and serve in this Chamber--the 
    most democratic, in the sense of a little ``d,'' of all 
    institutions of Government--the memory of Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr., 
    will live and thrive and survive to inspire us and future 
    generations of public servants.
        Therefore, it seems appropriate to me, and I know all of our 
    colleagues on both sides of the aisle will surely agree, that it is 
    a fitting tribute for us this day to designate officially the room 
    on the third floor of the House side of the Capitol as the Thomas 
    P. O'Neill, Jr. Room.                          -------------------

               THE THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR., ROOM IN PERPETUITY    

        (Mr. MICHEL asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [Robert] MICHEL [of Illinois]. Mr. Speaker, may I simply 
    associate myself with the very appropriate remarks of the 
    distinguished majority leader, the gentleman from Texas [Mr. 
    Wright].
        But not being privy to where the recesses of this Capitol all 
    are, cubbyholes or ornate rooms and all the rest, might I inquire 
    of the distinguished majority leader if this room, so appropriately 
    named for Thomas P. O'Neill, is sufficiently large enough in size 
    and befitting to accommodate what we normally expect for the 
    Speaker of the House?
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
        Mr. MICHEL. I yield to the gentleman from Texas.
        Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, it is a spacious and gracious room, 
    ample in its proportions, warm in its hospitality. It is on the 
    third floor, just opposite the Visitors' Gallery, where the public 
    may see it, and where a sign may forever proclaim it as the Thomas 
    P. O'Neill, Jr. Room.
        Mr. MICHEL. I definitely thank the gentleman for that 
    explanation.
        Might I assure the gentleman from Texas, and of course, the 
    Speaker himself, that when that great day comes when we on the 
    Republican side have a majority in this House, it shall remain the 
    Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. Room.

Sec. 7.2 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution to 
    designate House Annex 1 as the Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr., House Office 
    Building and House Annex 2 as the Gerald R. Ford House Office 
    Building.(53)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
53. Parliamentarian's Note: The building named after Speaker Thomas 
        O'Neill of Massachusetts by this resolution was demolished in 
        2002. In 2012, another Federal office building was named after 
        Speaker O'Neill. See 158 Cong. Rec. 15778-81, 112th Cong. 2d 
        Sess. (Nov. 28, 2012). The House-passed text was incorporated 
        into P.L. 112-237, 126 Stat. 1628.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On September 10, 1990,(54) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
54. 136 Cong. Rec. 23632, 101st Cong. 2d Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 22.4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OFFICE BUILDING 
        AND GERALD R. FORD HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OFFICE BUILDING    

        Mr. [Glenn] ANDERSON [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 402) 
    designating two House of Representatives office buildings as the 
    ``Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. House of Representatives Office Building'' 
    and the ``Gerald R. Ford House of Representatives Office 
    Building,'' respectively, and for other purposes.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 402

  Resolved,

SECTION 1. DESIGNATIONS.

(a) Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. House of Representatives Office Building.--The 
House of Representatives office building located at C Street and New Jersey 
Avenue, Southeast, in the District of Columbia, and known as House of 
Representatives Office Building Annex No. 1, shall be known and designated 
as the ``Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. House of Representatives Office Building''.

(b) Gerald R. Ford House of Representatives Office Building.--The House of 
Representatives office building located at 3d and D Streets, Southwest, in 
the District of Columbia, and known as House of Representatives Office 
Building Annex No. 2, shall be known and designated as the ``Gerald R. Ford 
House of Representatives Office Building''.

SEC. 2. REFERENCES.

Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, paper, or other record 
of the United States to a building referred to in section 1 shall be deemed 
to be a reference to the building as designated in that section.

SEC. 3. STATUES.

The Speaker of the House of Representatives may purchase or accept as a 
gift to the House of Representatives, for permanent display in the 
appropriate building designated in section 1, a suitable statue or bust of 
the individual for whom the building is named. Such purchase or acceptance 
shall be carried out--

(1) in the case of the building referred to in section 1(a), in 
consultation with the majority leader of the House of Representatives; and

(2) in the case of the building referred to in section 1(b), in 
consultation with the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

Sec. 7.3 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution designating room H-235 in the Capitol as the ``Lindy 
    Claiborne Boggs Congressional Women's Reading Room.''

    On October 25, 1990,(55) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
55. 136 Cong. Rec. 34164, 34165, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          LINDY CLAIBORNE BOGGS CONGRESSIONAL WOMEN'S READING ROOM    

        Mr. [Glenn] ANDERSON [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the Committee on Public Works and 
    Transportation be discharged from further consideration of the 
    resolution (H. Res. 525) designating the room numbered H-235 in the 
    House of Representatives wing of the Capitol as the ``Lindy 
    Claiborne Boggs Congressional Women's Reading Room,'' and ask for 
    its immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(56) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California? . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. Michael McNulty (NY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. ANDERSON. I thank the gentleman for yielding.
        Mr. Speaker, it is with mixed emotions that I rise today. While 
    it is with great pleasure that I support naming room H-235 in the 
    Capitol as the ``Lindy Claiborne Boggs Congressional Women's 
    Reading Room,'' it also means that Lindy is retiring from service 
    to the House.
        Lindy has been a friend for many years. Her grace, charm, and 
    strength have added greatly to the House. Lindy has been an ideal 
    role model for the youth of today, balancing the difficult demands 
    of raising a family while pursuing an active and fulfilling career.
        Before serving in congress, Lindy served as president of the 
    Women's National Democratic Club and the cochairman for the 
    inaugural balls for Presidents Kennedy and Johnson. Lindy was 
    elected to congress in a special election in 1973 to fill the seat 
    that had been held by her husband, Thomas Hale Boggs, the majority 
    leader of the House who died in a plane crash in Alaska in 1972.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Michael] McNulty [of New York]). 
    Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from California?
        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

H. Res. 525

  Whereas Congresswoman Lindy Claiborne Boggs has served in the House of 
Representatives for the past 17 years with great honor and distinction and 
has earned the affection and respect of all who have known her during her 
50-year association with this great institution;

  Whereas Congresswoman Boggs, in 1973, became the first woman to serve in 
the House of Representatives from Louisiana and, in 1976, as the Chair of 
the Democratic National Convention, became the first woman to chair a major 
political convention;

  Whereas Congresswoman Boggs has worked tirelessly to advance the cause of 
equal rights for women, including sponsorship of legislation to guarantee 
women equal access to credit, ensure women business owners access to small 
business loans and Federal contracts, provide scholarships and fellowships 
to women in science, mathematics, and education, and provide assistance for 
victims of rape and domestic violence;

  Whereas Congresswoman Boggs has worked to preserve the history of both 
the House of Representatives and the Nation as Chair of the Commission of 
the United States House of Representatives Bicentenary and as a member of 
the Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution;

  Whereas the room numbered H-235 in the House of Representatives wing of 
the Capitol is a room of great historical significance in that it was the 
office of former House Speakers Henry Clay and James Knox Polk, the only 
House Speaker to become President, and the room in which former President 
and Congressman John Quincy Adams died;

  Whereas the room numbered H-235 has served as a meeting place and reading 
room for Congresswomen since 1962 and contains the photographs of all 
present and former Congresswomen; and

  Whereas the naming of the room numbered H-235 in honor of Congresswoman 
Boggs would serve as a testament to her unparalleled public service: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That, the room numbered H-235 in the House of Representatives 
wing of the Capitol shall be known and designated as the ``Lindy Claiborne 
Boggs Congressional Women's Reading Room''.

        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.4 By unanimous consent, the Senate adopted a resolution naming 
    the balcony outside the office of its Majority Leader after Senator 
    Robert J. Dole.

    On June 11, 1996,(57) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
57. 142 Cong. Rec. 13686-87, 104th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         THE ROBERT J. DOLE BALCONY    

        Mr. [Donald] NICKLES [of Oklahoma]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to immediate 
    consideration of Senate Resolution 258 that I now send to the desk.
        The PRESIDENT pro tempore.(58) Without objection, it 
    is so ordered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
58. William Frist (TN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The clerk will report.
        The Assistant Secretary of the Senate read as follows:

        A resolution (S. Res. 258) to designate the balcony adjacent to 
    rooms S-230 and S-231 of the United States Capitol Building as the 
    ``Robert J. Dole Balcony.''

        The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the immediate 
    consideration of the resolution?
        There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the 
    resolution. . . .
        Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the 
    resolution be agreed to, and the motion to reconsider be laid upon 
    the table.
        The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
        The resolution (S. Res. 258) was agreed to, as follows:

S. Res. 258

  Resolved, That the balcony adjacent to rooms S-230 and S-231 of the 
United States Capitol Building is hereby designated as, and shall hereafter 
be known as, the ``Robert J. Dole Balcony''.

Sec. 7.5 The House suspended the rules and agreed to a concurrent 
    resolution redesignating the Capitol Police headquarters building 
    as the ``Eney, Chestnut, Gibson Memorial Building.''(59)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. Parliamentarian's Note: Officer Chestnut and Detective Gibson were 
        slain by a gunman in the Capitol building on July 24, 1998. See 
        Sec. 7.6, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 
        Sec. Sec. 15, 22.3; and Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 6. Sergeant 
        Eney was killed in a training exercise in August, 1984.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On October 15, 1998,(60) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
60. 144 Cong. Rec. 26486-88, 105th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                  ENEY, CHESTNUT, GIBSON MEMORIAL BUILDING    

        Mr. [Jay] KIM [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend 
    the rules and concur in the Senate concurrent resolution (S. Con. 
    Res. 120) to redesignate the United States Capitol Police 
    headquarters building located at 119 D Street, Northeast, 
    Washington, D.C., as the ``Eney, Chestnut, Gibson Memorial 
    Building.''
        The Clerk read as follows:

S. Con. Res. 120

  Whereas the United States Capitol Police force has protected the Capitol 
and upheld the beacon of democracy in America;

  Whereas 3 officers of the United States Capitol Police have lost their 
lives in the line of duty;

  Whereas Sgt. Christopher Eney was killed on August 24, 1984, during a 
training exercise;

  Whereas officer Jacob ``J.J.'' Chestnut was killed on July 24, 1998, 
while guarding his post at the Capitol; and

  Whereas Detective John Gibson was killed on July 24, 1998, while 
protecting the lives of visitors, staff, and the Office of the Majority 
Whip of the House of Representatives: Now, therefore, be it

   Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
the United States Capitol Police headquarters building located at 119 D 
Street, Northeast, Washington, D.C., shall be known and designated as the 
``Eney, Chestnut, Gibson Memorial Building''.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Gilbert] Gutknecht [of 
    Minnesota]). Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from California 
    (Mr. Kim) and the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Traficant) each will 
    control 20 minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California (Mr. Kim). . 
    . .
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from California (Mr. Kim) that the House suspend 
    the rules and concur in the Senate concurrent resolution, S. Con. 
    Res. 120.
        The question was taken; and (two-thirds having voted in favor 
    thereof) the rules were suspended and the Senate concurrent 
    resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.6 The House suspended the rules and agreed to a concurrent 
    resolution designating the ``document entrance'' on the East Plaza 
    of the Capitol as the ``Chestnut-Gibson Memorial Door,'' in honor 
    of two Capitol Police officers slain in the line of 
    duty.(61)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
61. Parliamentarian's Note: The Document Door was the scene of the 
        fatal attack on Officer Chestnut on July 24, 1998. Detective 
        Gibson was shot and killed a few feet away in the Majority 
        Whip's suite. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 
        Sec. Sec. 15, 22.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On July 20, 1999,(62) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. 145 Cong. Rec. 16745-46, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               DESIGNATING THE CHESTNUT-GIBSON MEMORIAL DOOR    

        Mr. [Robert] FRANKS [of New Jersey]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the concurrent resolution (H. Con. 
    Res. 158), as amended, designating the Document Door of the United 
    States Capitol as the ``Memorial Door''.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Con. Res. 158

  Whereas on July 24, 1998, a lone gunman entered the United States Capitol 
through the door known as the Document Door, located on the first floor of 
the East Front;

  Whereas Officer Jacob Joseph Chestnut was the first United States Capitol 
Police officer to confront the gunman just inside the Document Door and 
lost his life as a result;

  Whereas Detective John Michael Gibson also confronted the gunman and lost 
his life in the ensuing shootout;

  Whereas the last shot fired by Detective John Gibson--his final act as an 
officer of the law--finally brought down the gunman and ended his deadly 
rampage;

  Whereas while the gunman's intentions are not fully known, nor may ever 
be known, it is clear that he would have killed more innocent people if 
United States Capitol Police Officer Jacob Chestnut and Detective John 
Gibson had not ended the violent rampage;

  Whereas the United States Capitol Police represent true dedication and 
professionalism in their duties to keep the United States Capitol and the 
Senate and House of Representatives office buildings safe for all who enter 
them;

  Whereas the United States Capitol shines as a beacon of freedom and 
democracy all around the world;

  Whereas keeping the sacred halls of the United States Capitol, known as 
the People's House, accessible for all the people of the United States and 
the world is a true testament of Congress and of our Nation's dedication to 
upholding the virtues of freedom;

  Whereas the door near where this tragic incident took place has been 
known as the Document Door; and

  Whereas it is fitting and appropriate that the Document Door henceforth 
be known as the Memorial Door in honor of Officer Jacob Chestnut and 
Detective John Gibson: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
the door known as the Document Door and located on the first floor of the 
East Front of the United States Capitol is designated as the ``Memorial 
Door'' in honor of Officer Jacob Joseph Chestnut and Detective John Michael 
Gibson of the United States Capitol Police, who gave their lives in the 
line of duty on July 24, 1998, near that door.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ken] Calvert [of California]). 
    Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Franks) 
    and the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. Shows) each will control 20 
    minutes.
        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. 
    Franks).
        Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time 
    as I may consume.
        House Concurrent Resolution 158, as amended, introduced by the 
    Majority Whip, the Speaker, the Majority Leader, the Minority 
    Leader, the Minority Whip and other Members of both sides of the 
    aisle, designates the Document Door located on the first floor of 
    the east front of the Capitol as ``Memorial Door'', in honor of 
    Officer Jacob Chestnut and Detective John Gibson.
        In my brief tenure of chairman of the subcommittee charged with 
    the responsibility of bringing to the House bills designating 
    Federal facilities in honor of individuals, I have considered it a 
    great pleasure to honor Americans who have distinguished themselves 
    in public service. A naming bill is often a capstone for those 
    fortunate to have bestowed upon them such an honor.
        But this action that we take today, while richly deserved, 
    gives me no joy. This week is the first anniversary of an event 
    that we hope will never be repeated. Officer Chestnut became the 
    first Capitol Hill Police Officer killed in the line of duty. 
    Detective Gibson became the second.

Sec. 7.7 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution naming 
    the room within the House restaurant that was used for weekly 
    prayer breakfasts in honor of former Rep. G.V. ``Sonny'' Montgomery 
    of Mississippi.

    On May 15, 2000,(63) the following resolution was agreed 
to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. 146 Cong. Rec. 7818-19, 106th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         NAMING ROOM IN CAPITOL IN HONOR OF FORMER REPRESENTATIVE G.V. 
                            ``SONNY'' MONTGOMERY    

        Mr. [E.G.] SHUSTER [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 491) naming 
    a room in the House of Representatives wing of the Capitol in honor 
    of former Representative G.V. ``Sonny'' Montgomery.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 491

  Whereas former Representative G.V. ``Sonny'' Montgomery of Mississippi, 
from the time of his election to the House of Representatives in 1967 and 
his beyond his retirement in 1996 through the present day, has faithfully 
and continuously facilitated the ``House of Representatives Prayer 
Breakfast'' at 8 a.m. every Thursday morning in Room H-130 in the House of 
Representatives wing of the Capitol with a dedication that is indelibly 
etched in the memories of the many Members who have attended that weekly 
event: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved, That the room numbered H-130 in the House of Representatives 
wing of the Capitol is named in honor of former Representative G.V. 
``Sonny'' Montgomery.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(64) Pursuant to the rule, 
    the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Shuster) and the gentlewoman 
    from the District of Columbia (Ms. Norton) each will control 20 
    minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64. Edward Pease (IN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. 
    Shuster). . . .

Sec. 7.8 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution 
    reported from the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
    naming a room within the House wing of the Capitol in honor of 
    former Majority Leader Richard K. Armey.

    On March 11, 2003,(65) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 149 Cong. Rec. 5827, 108th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           RICHARD K. ARMEY ROOM    

        Mr. [Michael] BURGESS [of Texas]. Madam Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 19) 
    designating the room numbered H-236 in the House of Representatives 
    wing of the Capitol as the ``Richard K. Armey Room''.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 19

  Whereas, at the end of the 107th Congress, Representative Richard K. 
Armey retired after 18 years of distinguished service in the House of 
Representatives, including service as the Majority Leader for 8 years, the 
longest tenure of any Republican Majority Leader in 92 years: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That the room numbered H-236 in the House of Representatives 
wing of the Capitol shall be known and designated as the ``Richard K. Armey 
Room''.

Sec. 7.9 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution naming 
    a room in the House wing of the Capitol in honor of retiring Rep. 
    Henry J. Hyde.

    On December 5, 2006,(66) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66. 152 Cong. Rec. 22267, 109th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             HENRY J. HYDE ROOM    

        Mr. [Donald] YOUNG [of Alaska]. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend 
    the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 1087) designating 
    Room H-139 of the Capitol as the ``Henry J. Hyde Room''.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 1087

  Resolved, That--

  (1) Room H-139 of the Capitol shall be known and designated as the 
``Henry J. Hyde Room''; and

  (2) this resolution shall take effect on the day following the date on 
which Henry J. Hyde is no longer serving as a Member of the House of 
Representatives.

Ceremonies

Sec. 7.10 The House by unanimous consent agreed to a Senate concurrent 
    resolution authorizing the use of the Rotunda for the lying in 
    state of the late Daniel K. Inouye, a Senator from the state of 
    Hawaii, on December 20, 2012.

    On December 19, 2012,(67) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67. 158 Cong. Rec. 17752, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        AUTHORIZING THE USE OF THE ROTUNDA OF THE CAPITOL FOR THE LYING 
        IN STATE OF THE REMAINS OF THE LATE HONORABLE DANIEL K. INOUYE  
                                         

        Mr. [Pete] OLSON [of Texas]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent to take from the Speaker's table Senate Concurrent 
    Resolution 64 and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER.(68) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Texas?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
68. John Boehner (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

S. Con. Res. 64

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That in 
recognition of the long and distinguished service rendered to the Nation by 
Daniel K. Inouye, a Senator from the State of Hawaii and formerly a 
Representative from that State, his remains be permitted to lie in state in 
the rotunda of the Capitol on December 20, 2012, and the Architect of the 
Capitol, under the direction of the Speaker of the House of Representatives 
and the President pro tempore of the Senate, shall take all necessary steps 
for the accomplishment of that purpose.

        The concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.11 The House suspended the rules and agreed to a concurrent 
    resolution reported from the Committee on Transportation and 
    Infrastructure to authorize the use of the Capitol Grounds for the 
    2008 Special Olympics Law Enforcement Torch Run.

    On May 19, 2008,(69) the following concurrent resolution 
was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69. 154 Cong. Rec. 9646-47, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        AUTHORIZING THE USE OF THE CAPITOL GROUNDS FOR THE DISTRICT OF 
            COLUMBIA SPECIAL OLYMPICS LAW ENFORCEMENT TORCH RUN    

        Ms. [Mazie] HIRONO [of Hawaii]. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend 
    the rules and agree to the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 309) 
    authorizing the use of the Capitol Grounds for the District of 
    Columbia Special Olympics Law Enforcement Torch Run.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

H. Con. Res. 309

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),

SECTION 1. AUTHORIZATION OF USE OF CAPITOL GROUNDS FOR D.C. SPECIAL 
OLYMPICS LAW ENFORCEMENT TORCH RUN.

  On June 6, 2008, or on such other date as the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate 
may jointly designate, the 2008 District of Columbia Special Olympics Law 
Enforcement Torch Run (in this resolution referred to as the ``event'') may 
be run through the Capitol Grounds as part of the journey of the Special 
Olympics torch to the District of Columbia Special Olympics summer games.

SEC. 2. RESPONSIBILITY OF CAPITOL POLICE BOARD.

  The Capitol Police Board shall take such actions as may be necessary to 
carry out the event.

SEC. 3. CONDITIONS RELATING TO PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS.

  The Architect of the Capitol may prescribe conditions for physical 
preparations for the event.

SEC. 4. ENFORCEMENT OF RESTRICTIONS.

  The Capitol Police Board shall provide for enforcement of the 
restrictions contained in section 5104(c) of title 40, United States Code, 
concerning sales, advertisements, displays, and solicitations on the 
Capitol Grounds, as well as other restrictions applicable to the Capitol 
Grounds, in connection with the event.

Sec. 7.12 A Member announced that a memorial service for a deceased 
    former Member (Rep. Richard Bolling of Missouri) would be held in 
    Statuary Hall.(70)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
70. Parliamentarian's Note: Various other memorials have been held in 
        Statuary Hall, including memorials for former Speakers. See, 
        e.g., 159 Cong. Rec. E1683-E1687 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Nov. 18, 2013) (remarks on the death of former Speaker 
        Thomas Foley of Washington).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On April 24, 1991,(71) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
71. 137 Cong. Rec. 9006, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 12.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           ANNOUNCEMENT OF MEMORIAL SERVICES FOR RICHARD BOLLING    

        Mr. [Alan] WHEAT [of Missouri]. Mr. Speaker, it is always a sad 
    occasion when a Member of this body dies, and this last Sunday one 
    of the most distinguished Members of this body passed away. Our 
    former colleague, Richard Bolling, who served in this House of 
    Representatives from 1948 until 1982, passed away this past Sunday.
        Mr. Speaker, I want to notify my colleagues that there will be 
    two memorial services on his behalf. The first will be held this 
    afternoon at 4 o'clock p.m. in Statuary Hall in the Capitol of the 
    United States. The second memorial service will be held in his home 
    district this Friday afternoon, 1 o'clock, at the Unitarian Church 
    in Kansas City. Members of Congress, friends, family, and, of 
    course, the general public are all invited to attend.

Sec. 7.13 The House by unanimous consent adopted a concurrent 
    resolution authorizing the use of Emancipation Hall in the Capitol 
    Visitor Center for a ceremony on the role of slave labor in the 
    construction of the Capitol building.

    On February 9, 2012,(72) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
72. 158 Cong. Rec. 1228, 112th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        AUTHORIZING THE USE OF EMANCIPATION HALL IN THE CAPITOL VISITOR 
         CENTER FOR A CEREMONY TO UNVEIL THE MARKER WHICH ACKNOWLEDGES 
          THE ROLE THAT SLAVE LABOR PLAYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE 
                           UNITED STATES CAPITOL    

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Madam Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the Committee on House Administration be 
    discharged from further consideration of House Concurrent 
    Resolution 99, and ask for its immediate consideration in the 
    House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(73) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
73. Shelley Moore Capito (WV).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

H. Con. Res. 99

  Whereas enslaved African-Americans provided labor essential to the 
construction of the United States Capitol;

  Whereas in 2005 Congress created the Slave Labor Task Force to study the 
role that enslaved African-Americans played in the construction of the 
Capitol and to make recommendations to Congress on how to commemorate their 
contribution;

  Whereas the report of the Architect of the Capitol entitled ``History of 
Slave Laborers in the Construction of the United States Capitol'' documents 
the role of slave labor in the construction of the Capitol;

  Whereas enslaved African-Americans performed the backbreaking work of 
quarrying the stone which comprised many of the floors, walls, and columns 
of the Capitol;

  Whereas enslaved African-Americans also participated in other facets of 
construction of the Capitol, including carpentry, masonry, carting, 
rafting, roofing, plastering, glazing, painting, and sawing;

  Whereas the marble columns in the Old Senate Chamber and the sandstone 
walls of the East Front corridor remain as the lasting legacies of the 
enslaved African-Americans who worked the quarries;

  Whereas slave-quarried stones from the remnants of the original Capitol 
walls can be found in Rock Creek Park in the District of Columbia;

  Whereas the Statue of Freedom now atop the Capitol dome could not have 
been cast without the pivotal intervention of Philip Reid, an enslaved 
African-American foundry worker who deciphered the puzzle of how to 
separate the 5-piece plaster model for casting when all others failed;

  Whereas the great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center was named 
Emancipation Hall to help acknowledge the work of the slave laborers who 
built the Capitol;

  Whereas no narrative on the construction of the Capitol that does not 
include the contribution of enslaved African- Americans can fully and 
accurately reflect its history;

  Whereas recognition of the contributions of enslaved African-Americans 
brings to all Americans an understanding of the continuing evolution of our 
representative democracy;

  Whereas in 2007 the Slave Labor Task Force recommended to Congress the 
creation of a marker commemorating the contributions of enslaved African-
Americans in the construction of the Capitol; and

  Whereas the marker dedicated to the enslaved African-Americans who helped 
to build the Capitol reflects the charge of the Capitol Visitor Center to 
teach visitors about Congress and its development: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),

SECTION 1. USE OF EMANCIPATION HALL FOR CEREMONY TO UNVEIL MARKER DEDICATED 
TO ENSLAVED AFRICAN-AMERICANS WHO HELPED BUILD THE CAPITOL.

  (a) Authorization.--Emancipation Hall in the Capitol Visitor Center is 
authorized to be used on February 28, 2012, for a ceremony to unveil the 
marker which acknowledges the role that slave labor played in the 
construction of the United States Capitol.

  (b) Preparations.--Physical preparations for the conduct of the ceremony 
described in subsection (a) shall be carried out in accordance with such 
conditions as may be prescribed by the Architect of the Capitol.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.14 The House by unanimous consent considered and adopted several 
    Senate concurrent resolutions establishing a Joint Congressional 
    Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies and authorizing the use of the 
    Capitol Rotunda and Emancipation Hall in connection with 
    presidential inaugural ceremonies on January 21, 2013.

    On March 5, 2012,(74) the following routine concurrent 
resolutions authorizing the use of the Rotunda and Emancipation Hall 
for inauguration ceremonies were adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. 158 Cong. Rec. 2890-91, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. Sec. 25.1-25.4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            ESTABLISHING JOINT CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE ON INAUGURAL 
                                 CEREMONIES    

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent to take from the Speaker's table the concurrent 
    resolution (S. Con. Res. 35) to establish the Joint Congressional 
    Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies for the inauguration of the 
    President-elect and Vice President-elect of the United States on 
    January 21, 2013, and ask for its immediate consideration in the 
    House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(75) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
75. Jeff Denham (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

S. Con. Res. 35

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring),

SECTION 1. ESTABLISHMENT OF JOINT COMMITTEE.

  There is established a Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural 
Ceremonies (in this resolution referred to as the ``joint committee'') 
consisting of 3 Senators and 3 Members of the House of Representatives, to 
be appointed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives, respectively. The joint committee is authorized to make 
the necessary arrangements for the inauguration of the President-elect and 
Vice President-elect of the United States on January 21, 2013.

SEC. 2. SUPPORT OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE.

  The joint committee--

  (1) is authorized to utilize appropriate equipment and the services of 
appropriate personnel of departments and agencies of the Federal 
Government, under arrangements between the joint committee and the heads of 
those departments and agencies, in connection with the inaugural 
proceedings and ceremonies; and

  (2) may accept gifts and donations of goods and services to carry out its 
responsibilities.

        The concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the 
    table.                          -------------------

           AUTHORIZING USE OF ROTUNDA AND EMANCIPATION HALL BY JOINT 
              CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE ON INAUGURAL CEREMONIES    

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent to take from the Speaker's table the concurrent 
    resolution (S. Con. Res. 36) to authorize the use of the rotunda 
    and Emancipation Hall of the Capitol by the Joint Congressional 
    Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies in connection with the 
    proceedings and ceremonies conducted for the inauguration of the 
    President-elect and the Vice President-elect of the United States, 
    and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from California?
        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

S. Con. Res. 36

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring),

SECTION 1. USE OF THE ROTUNDA AND EMANCIPATION HALL OF THE CAPITOL.

The rotunda and Emancipation Hall of the United States Capitol are 
authorized to be used on January 21, 2013, by the Joint Congressional 
Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies in connection with the proceedings and 
ceremonies conducted for the inauguration of the President-elect and the 
Vice President-elect of the United States.

        The concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    On January 3, 2013,(76) the House considered and agreed 
to a privileged Senate concurrent resolution continuing the authority 
of the Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies and the authority to use 
the Capitol Rotunda and Emancipation Hall for such 
ceremonies:(77)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
76. 159 Cong. Rec. H25 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess.
77. Parliamentarian's Note: An order of the House in one Congress is 
        not binding on the House in a subsequent Congress. Thus, it was 
        necessary for the House in the 113th Congress to formally 
        continue the authorities provided by the concurrent resolutions 
        of the 112th Congress. The Senate, as a ``continuing body,'' is 
        not similarly restricted. See 4 Hinds' Precedents Sec. 4544. 
        See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 21.9.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          EXTENDING THE LIFE OF THE JOINT CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE ON 
                            INAUGURAL CEREMONIES    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore(78) laid before the House 
    the following privileged concurrent resolution:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78. Thomas Latham (IA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

S. Con. Res. 2

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring),

SECTION 1. REAUTHORIZATION OF JOINT COMMITTEE.

  Effective from January 3, 2013, the joint committee created by Senate 
Concurrent Resolution 35 (112th Congress), to make the necessary 
arrangements for the inauguration of the President-elect and the Vice 
President-elect of the United States, is continued with the same power and 
authority provided for in that resolution.

SEC. 2. USE OF CAPITOL.

  Effective from January 3, 2013, the provisions of Senate Concurrent 
Resolution 36 (112th Congress), to authorize the use of the rotunda and 
Emancipation Hall of the Capitol by the Joint Congressional Committee on 
Inaugural Ceremonies in connection with the proceedings and ceremonies 
conducted for the inauguration of the President-elect and the Vice 
President-elect of the United States are continued with the same power and 
authority provided for in that resolution.

        The concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Statuary and Art

Sec. 7.15 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    resolution authorizing the House to accept the gift of a portrait 
    of former Rep. Charles A. Halleck of Indiana (a former Majority 
    Leader) for display in the Capitol as approved by the Speaker.

    On November 26, 1974,(79) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. 120 Cong. Rec. 37390, 93d Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           ACCEPTING GIFT OF PORTRAIT OF CHARLES ABRAHAM HALLECK    

        Mr. [William] BRAY [of Indiana]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a 
    resolution (H. Res. 1477) and ask unanimous consent for its 
    immediate consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution as follows:

  Resolved, That the House of Representatives accept the gift of a portrait 
of Charles Abraham Halleck of the State of Indiana who served as a 
Republican Member of the House of Representatives from January 1935 to 
January 1969 and was elected as the majority leader in the 80th and 83d 
Congresses and as minority leader in the 86th, 87th, and 88th Congresses. 
The portrait shall be displayed in a location in the United States Capitol 
subject to the approval of the Speaker.

        The SPEAKER.(80) Is there objection to the request 
    of the gentleman from Indiana?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. Carl Albert (OK).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.16 By unanimous consent, the House considered a Senate 
    concurrent resolution to authorize use of the Capitol Rotunda for 
    the unveiling of a bust of President George H. W. Bush.

    On June 26, 1991,(81) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81. 137 Cong. Rec. 16460-62, 102d Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         AUTHORIZING USE OF ROTUNDA FOR UNVEILING OF PORTRAIT BUST OF 
                           PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH    

        Mr. [William] CLAY [of Missouri]. Madam Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent for the immediate consideration of the Senate 
    concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 49) authorizing the use of the 
    rotunda of the Capitol for the unveiling of the portrait bust of 
    President George Bush on June 27, 1991.
        The Clerk read the title of the Senate concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(82) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Missouri?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
82. Jolene Unsoeld (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [William] BARRETT [of Nebraska]. Madam Speaker, reserving 
    the right to object, I yield to the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. 
    Clay] for the purpose of explaining his request.
        Mr. CLAY. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
        Senate Concurrent Resolution 49 authorizes the use of the 
    rotunda by the Senate Rules Committee for unveiling of the portrait 
    bust of President George Bush tomorrow, June 27, at 1:30 p.m.
        The Senate has asked the House to process the resolution, and 
    as a matter of comity, the House shall approve this resolution.
        Mr. BARRETT. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman for his 
    explanation.
        Madam Speaker, George Herbert Walker Bush, now our 41st 
    President, was the 43d man to serve as Vice President, and only the 
    14th of our Vice Presidents to later become President of the United 
    States. We all look forward to the unveiling of the portrait bust 
    of President Bush, and its placement in the Senate corridors, where 
    it will join the marble busts of the other men who served the 
    country as Vice President and fulfilled their constitutional duty 
    as presiding officer of the Senate.
        Madam Speaker, I will not object to the request by the 
    gentleman from Missouri and withdraw my reservation.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. [Jolene] Unsoeld [of 
    Washington]). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman 
    from Missouri.
        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the Senate concurrent resolution, as follows:

S. Con. Res. 49

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration is authorized to use the 
rotunda of the Capitol for the unveiling of the portrait bust of President 
George Bush at 2:30 p.m. on June 27, 1991. The Architect of the Capitol and 
the Capitol Police Board shall take such action as may be necessary with 
respect to physical preparations and security for the ceremony.

        The Senate concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.17 The dean of the Texas delegation announced the ceremonial 
    unveiling of the portrait of former Speaker Jim Wright of Texas.

    On July 10, 1991,(83) the following announcement was 
made:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83. 137 Cong. Rec. 17808, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. See also Deschler's 
        Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 21.8.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           INVITATION TO UNVEILING OF PORTRAIT OF FORMER SPEAKER JIM 
                                   WRIGHT    

        (Mr. [Jack] BROOKS [of Texas] asked and was given permission to 
    address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his 
    remarks.)
        Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I would take this opportunity to 
    invite the Members to the unveiling of the portrait of former 
    Speaker Jim Wright. It will be done this afternoon at 5 o'clock in 
    Statuary Hall.
        We will be honored by the presence of our current Speaker, the 
    illustrious gentleman from Washington [Mr. Foley], and by our 
    current minority leader, the distinguished gentleman from Illinois 
    [Mr. Michel], and others.
        It will not be a long program. We look forward to seeing you 
    there. We will have a reception immediately after that in the 
    Rayburn Room, and we look forward to seeing you.

Sec. 7.18 The House agreed to a concurrent resolution directing the 
    Architect of the Capitol to restore the statue of three 
    suffragettes (the ``Portrait Monument'') and move it from the 
    Capitol crypt to the Rotunda for one year while a commission 
    selects a permanent site and an educational display for the statue.

    On September 26, 1996,(84) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
84. 142 Cong. Rec. 25244, 25246, 104th Cong. 2d Sess. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 21.8.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               PROVIDING FOR RELOCATION OF PORTRAIT MONUMENT    

        Mrs. [Constance] MORELLA [of Maryland]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the Committee on House Oversight be 
    discharged from further consideration of the concurrent resolution 
    (H. Con. Res. 216) providing for relocation of the portrait 
    monument, and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [James] Hansen [of Utah]). Is 
    there objection to the request of the gentlewoman from Maryland?
        There was no objection.

        The Clerk read the concurrent resolution, as follows:

H. Con. Res. 216

  Whereas in 1995, women of America celebrated the 75th anniversary of 
their right to participate in our government through suffrage;

  Whereas Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony were 
pioneers in the movement for women's suffrage and the pursuit of equal 
rights; and

  Whereas the relocation of the Portrait Monument to a place of prominence 
and esteem would serve to honor and revere the contribution of thousands of 
women: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
the Architect of the Capitol shall--

  (1) restore the Portrait Monument and place it in the Rotunda of the 
Capitol for one year at which time it shall be moved to a permanent site 
along with an appropriate educational display, as determined by the 
commission created in section 3, and an alternative statue recommended by 
the commission shall be placed in the Rotunda;

  (2) make all necessary arrangements for a rededication ceremony of the 
Portrait Monument in the Rotunda in conjunction with the Woman Suffrage 
Statue Campaign; and

  (3) use no Federal funds to pay any expense of restoring or moving the 
statue.

  Sec. 2. The Rotunda of the Capitol is authorized to be used at a time 
mutually agreed upon by the majority leader of the Senate and the Speaker 
of the House of Representatives for a ceremony to commemorate and celebrate 
the statue's return to the Rotunda.

  Sec 3. A commission of 11 interested parties, including Senators and 
Representatives, will be appointed. The majority leader of the Senate will 
appoint three members and the minority leader of the Senate will appoint 
two members to the commission. The Speaker of the House of Representatives 
will appoint one member, the majority leader of the House of 
Representatives will appoint two members, the minority leader of the House 
of Representatives will appoint two members, and the Architect of the 
Capitol will serve as the eleventh member of the commission. Immediately 
following the relocation of the Portrait Monument, the commission shall--

  (1) select a permanent site for the Portrait Monument;

  (2) plan and develop an educational display to be located near the statue 
at its permanent site, describing some of the most dramatic events of the 
suffragettes' lives;

  (3) select an alternative statue for permanent placement in the Rotunda 
of the Capitol to commemorate the struggle of women in America for equal 
rights;

  (4) provide its recommendation to the Senate and the House of 
Representatives no later than one year after the relocation of the Portrait 
Monument; and

  (5) use no Federal funds to pay any expense of the educational display 
and/or relocation of the Portrait Monument.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

    On June 24, 1997,(85) the House by unanimous consent 
authorized the extension into the 105th Congress of the authority 
granted by the concurrent resolution above:(86)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
85. 143 Cong. Rec. 11900, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
86. See Sec. 7.14, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           AUTHORIZING EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO USE THE ROTUNDA FOR 
        CEREMONY COMMEMORATING THE PLACEMENT OF THE PORTRAIT MONUMENT    


        Mr. [William] THOMAS [of California]. Mr. Speaker, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the authorization contained in House 
    Concurrent Resolution 216, which was passed in the 104th Congress, 
    relating to the use of the rotunda for a ceremony to commemorate 
    the placement of the Portrait Monument in the Capitol rotunda, be 
    extended into this, the 105th Congress, subject to concurrence by 
    the Senate.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(87) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from California?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
87. George Radanovich (CA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. [Steny] HOYER [of Maryland]. Reserving the right to object, 
    Mr. Speaker, and I will not object, but if there is any further 
    explanation necessary, I will yield to the gentleman from 
    California.

        Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, since the Portrait Monument was 
    actually placed in the rotunda in the 105th Congress we had created 
    an opportunity for a ceremony in the 104th. Given the rules since 
    the 104th expired, there is no current ability to hold a ceremony. 
    What we are asking for is to bring that ceremony authorized in 
    Concurrent Resolution 216 into the 105th, based upon concurrence by 
    the Senate.

        Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from California?
        There was no objection.

    On June 25, 1997,(88) the Senate by unanimous consent 
``confirmed'' the language of the earlier concurrent resolution as 
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
88. 143 Cong. Rec. 12636, 105th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREEMENT--H. CON. RES. 216    

        Mr. [Charles] GRASSLEY [of Iowa]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent to confirm the language in H. Con. Res. 216 
    (104th Congress) providing for a ceremony commemorating the 
    placement of the Portrait Monument in the Capitol rotunda during 
    the 105th Congress.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(89) Without objection, it is 
    so ordered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
89. Michael Enzi (WY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 7.19 The House by unanimous consent agreed to a Senate concurrent 
    resolution authorizing the use of the Rotunda for the unveiling of 
    a portrait bust of Vice President Dan Quayle.

    On September 5, 2003,(90) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. 149 Cong. Rec. 21319, 21320, 108th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 21.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           AUTHORIZING THE USE OF THE ROTUNDA OF THE CAPITOL FOR THE 
        UNVEILING OF THE PORTRAIT BUST OF VICE PRESIDENT DAN QUAYLE ON 
                             SEPTEMBER 10, 2003    

        Mr. [Robert] NEY [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent to take from the Speaker's table the Senate concurrent 
    resolution (S. Con. Res. 63) authorizing the use of the rotunda of 
    the Capitol for the unveiling of the portrait bust of Vice 
    President Dan Quayle on September 10, 2003, and ask for its 
    immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the Senate concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(91) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Ohio? . . .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
91. Mac Thornberry (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read the Senate concurrent resolution, as follows:

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration is authorized to use the 
rotunda of the Capitol for the unveiling of the portrait bust of Vice 
President Dan Quayle on September 10, 2003. The Architect of the Capitol 
and the Capitol Police Board shall take such action as may be necessary 
with respect to physical preparations and security for the ceremony.

        The Senate concurrent resolution was concurred in.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.20 The House by unanimous consent considered and passed a bill 
    authorizing the placement in Statuary Hall of a statue of Rosa 
    Parks (after adopting an amendment imposing a ten-year moratorium 
    on the placement of most other statues).

    On November 17, 2005,(92) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
92. 151 Cong. Rec. 26849, 26852, 26853, 109th Cong. 1st Sess. See also 
        Deschler's Precedents Ch. 36 Sec. 21.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PLACEMENT OF STATUE OF ROSA PARKS IN NATIONAL STATUARY HALL    

        Mr. [Robert] NEY [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the Committee on House Administration be discharged 
    from further consideration of the bill (H.R. 4145) to direct the 
    Architect of the Capitol to obtain a statue of Rosa Parks and to 
    place the statue in the United States Capitol in National Statuary 
    Hall, and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the bill.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(93) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Ohio?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
93. Mac Thornberry (TX).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Ms. [Juanita] MILLENDER-McDONALD [of California]. Mr. Speaker, 
    reserving the right to object, I yield to the gentleman from Ohio 
    to explain the purpose of this legislation. . . .
        Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [John] Kuhl of New York). Is there 
    objection to the request of the gentleman from Ohio?
        There was no objection.
        The Clerk read the bill, as follows:

H.R. 4145

  Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. PLACEMENT OF STATUE OF ROSA PARKS IN NATIONAL STATUARY HALL.

  (a) Obtaining Statue.--The Architect of the Capitol shall enter into an 
agreement to obtain a statue of Rosa Parks, under such terms and conditions 
as the Architect considers appropriate consistent with applicable law.

  (b) Placement.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Architect shall place the statue obtained under subsection 
(a) in the United States Capitol in a suitable permanent location in 
National Statuary Hall.

SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to 
carry out this Act, and any amounts so appropriated shall remain available 
until expended.

           amendment in the nature of a substitute offered by mr. ney

        Mr. NEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment in the nature of a 
    substitute.
        The Clerk read as follows:

  Amendment in the nature of a substitute offered by Mr. Ney:

  Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the following:

SECTION 1. PLACEMENT OF STATUE OF ROSA PARKS IN NATIONAL STATUARY HALL.

  (a) Obtaining Statue.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee on the Library shall enter into 
an agreement to obtain a statue of Rosa Parks, under such terms and 
conditions as the Joint Committee considers appropriate consistent with 
applicable law.

  (b) Placement.--The Joint Committee shall place the statue obtained under 
subsection (a) in the United States Capitol in a suitable permanent 
location in National Statuary Hall.

SEC. 2. ELIGIBILITY FOR PLACEMENT OF STATUES IN NATIONAL STATUARY HALL.

  (a) Eligibility.--No statue of any individual may be placed in National 
Statuary Hall until after the expiration of the 10-year period which begins 
on the date of the individual's death.

  (b) Exceptions.--Subsection (a) does not apply with respect to--

  (1) the statue obtained and placed in National Statuary Hall under this 
Act; or

  (2) any statue provided and furnished by a State under section 1814 of 
the Revised Statutes of the United States (2 U.S.C. 2131) or any 
replacement statue provided by a State under section 311 of the Legislative 
Branch Appropriations Act, 2001 (2 U.S.C. 2132).

SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to 
carry out this Act, and any amounts so appropriated shall remain available 
until expended.

        Mr. NEY (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent that the amendment in the nature of a substitute be 
    considered as read and printed in the Record.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of 
    the gentleman from Ohio?
        There was no objection.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the amendment in 
    the nature of a substitute offered by the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. 
    Ney).
        The amendment in the nature of a substitute was agreed to.
        The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, was 
    read the third time, and passed.
        The title of the bill was amended so as to read: ``A Bill to 
    direct the Joint Committee on the Library to obtain a statue of 
    Rosa Parks and to place the statue in the United States Capitol in 
    National Statuary Hall, and for other purposes.''.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.21 By unanimous consent, the House considered a resolution 
    offered by the Majority Leader authorizing and directing the 
    Sergeant-at-Arms to deliver the mace to the Smithsonian Institution 
    for repairs during a period of adjournment under circumstances to 
    ensure that it was safeguarded, and requiring that the mace be 
    returned to the House before noon on the day the House would 
    reconvene (or earlier if so directed by the Speaker).

    On July 27, 2006,(94) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
94. 152 Cong. Rec. 16167, 109th Cong. 2d Sess. For similar 
        authorizations regarding the mace, see H. Res. 1449, 120 Cong. 
        Rec. 35740, 93d Cong. 2d Sess. (Oct. 16, 1974); H. Res. 487, 
        130 Cong. Rec. 9514, 98th Cong. 2d Sess. (Apr. 12, 1984); H. 
        Res. 221, 137 Cong. Rec. 21444, 102d Cong. 1st Sess. (Aug. 2, 
        1991); and H. Res. 223, 147 Cong. Rec. 15759, 107th Cong. 1st 
        Sess. (Aug. 2, 2001).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           AUTHORIZING REPAIR OF MACE OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES    

        Mr. [John] BOEHNER [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution 
    (H. Res. 957) and I ask unanimous consent for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

  Resolved,

SECTION 1. REPAIR OF MACE OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

  (a) Delivery for Repair.--The Sergeant at Arms of the House of 
Representatives is authorized and directed, on behalf of the House of 
Representatives, to deliver the mace of the House of Representatives, 
following an adjournment of the House pursuant to concurrent resolution, to 
the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution only for the purpose of having 
necessary repairs made to the mace and under such circumstances as will 
assure that the mace is properly safeguarded.

  (b) Return.--The mace shall be returned to the House of Representatives 
before noon on the day before the House next reconvenes pursuant to 
concurrent resolution or at any sooner time when so directed by the Speaker 
of the House of Representatives.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(95) Is there objection to 
    the request of the gentleman from Ohio?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
95. Tom Feeney (FL).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        There was no objection.
        The resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.22 The House suspended the rules and passed a concurrent 
    resolution authorizing the use of Emancipation Hall in the Capitol 
    Visitor Center for the unveiling of a bust of Sojourner Truth.

    On April 22, 2009,(96) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
96. 155 Cong. Rec. 10336, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          AUTHORIZING EMANCIPATION HALL FOR UNVEILING SOJOURNER TRUTH 
                                    BUST    

        Mr. [Robert] BRADY of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the concurrent resolution (H. Con. 
    Res. 86) authorizing the use of Emancipation Hall in the Capitol 
    Visitor Center for the unveiling of a bust of Sojourner Truth.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

H. Con. Res. 86

  Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),

SECTION 1. USE OF EMANCIPATION HALL FOR UNVEILING OF SOJOURNER TRUTH BUST.

  (a) Authorization.--Emancipation Hall in the Capitol Visitor Center is 
authorized to be used for an event on April 28, 2009, to unveil a bust of 
Sojourner Truth.

  (b) Preparations.--Physical preparations for the conduct of the ceremony 
described in subsection (a) shall be carried out in accordance with such 
conditions as may be prescribed by the Architect of the Capitol.

Sec. 7.23 By unanimous consent, the House considered and agreed to a 
    Senate concurrent resolution to authorize use of the catafalque 
    from the Capitol Visitor Center in funeral services in the Senate 
    Chamber for deceased Senator Robert C. Byrd.(97)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
97. Parliamentarian's Note: This marked the first concurrent resolution 
        directing that the catafalque be taken from its new home in the 
        Capitol Visitor Center. The catafalque was previously housed in 
        the crypt beneath the Rotunda.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 30, 2010,(98) the following concurrent 
resolution was agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
98. 156 Cong. Rec. 12403, 111th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR THE USE OF THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER CATAFALQUE  
                                         

        Mr. [John] BOCCIERI [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
    consent to take from the Speaker's table the concurrent resolution 
    (S. Con. Res. 65) providing for the use of the catafalque situated 
    in the Exhibition Hall of the Capitol Visitor Center in connection 
    with memorial services to be conducted in the United States Senate 
    Chamber for the Honorable Robert C. Byrd, late a Senator from the 
    State of West Virginia, and ask for its immediate consideration in 
    the House.
        The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. [Ed] Pastor of Arizona). Is there 
    objection to the request of the gentleman from Ohio?
        There was no objection.
        The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

S. Con. Res. 65

  Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That 
the Architect of the Capitol is authorized and directed to transfer the 
catafalque which is situated in the Exhibition Hall of the Capitol Visitor 
Center to the Senate Chamber so that such catafalque may be used in 
connection with services to be conducted there for the Honorable Robert C. 
Byrd, late a Senator from the State of West Virginia.

        The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

Sec. 7.24 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution 
    authorizing the placement of a statue or bust of Winston Churchill 
    in the Capitol.

    On December 19, 2011,(99) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
99. 157 Cong. Rec. 21369-70, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        PROVIDING FOR PLACEMENT OF STATUE OR BUST OF WINSTON CHURCHILL 
                                 IN CAPITOL    

        Mr. DANIEL E. LUNGREN of California. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 497) to 
    provide for the placement of a statue or bust of Sir Winston 
    Churchill in the United States Capitol.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 497

  Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 
from 1940 through 1945 and from 1951 through 1955;

  Whereas the United States and the United Kingdom led the Allied Powers 
during World War Two;

  Whereas President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Sir Winston Churchill 
formed a bond that united freedom-loving people throughout the world to 
defeat tyranny in Europe and Asia;

  Whereas, on December 26, 1941, Sir Winston Churchill addressed a Joint 
Session of Congress;

  Whereas during that speech, Sir Winston Churchill said, ``Sure I am that 
this day--now we are the masters of our fate; that the task which has been 
set us is not above our strength; that its pangs and toils are not beyond 
our endurance. As long as we have faith in our cause and an unconquerable 
will-power, salvation will not be denied us. In the words of the Psalmist, 
`He shall not be afraid of evil tidings; his heart is fixed, trusting in 
the Lord.' Not all the tidings will be evil.'';

  Whereas December 26, 2011, is the 70th anniversary of this speech to a 
joint session of Congress;

  Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was made an Honorary Citizen of the United 
States by an act of Congress in 1963;

  Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 
1969;

  Whereas Sir Winston Churchill's persistence, determination and resolve 
remains an inspiration to freedom-fighters all over the world;

  Whereas the United Kingdom remains and will forever be an important and 
irreplaceable ally to the United States; and

  Whereas the United States Capitol does not currently appropriately 
recognize the contributions of Sir Winston Churchill or that of the United 
Kingdom: Now, therefore, be it

  Resolved, That the Architect of the Capitol place an appropriate statue 
or bust of Sir Winston Churchill in the United States Capitol at a location 
directed by the House Fine Arts Board in consultation with the Speaker. . . 
 

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(100) The question is on the 
    motion offered by the gentleman from California (Mr. Daniel E. 
    Lungren) that the House suspend the rules and agree to the 
    resolution, H. Res. 497.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
100. Steven LaTourette (OH).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The question was taken; and (two-thirds being in the 
    affirmative) the rules were suspended and the resolution was agreed 
    to.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



Sec. 8. House Office Buildings

    As noted above,(1) House office buildings fall under the 
jurisdiction of the Architect of the Capitol (who appoints the House 
Superintendent) and the House Office Building Commission.(2) 
The three main House office buildings are the Cannon Building 
(completed 1908), the Longworth Building (completed 1933), and the 
Rayburn Building (completed 1965). All three buildings were named after 
former Speakers of the House and all personal offices of Members of the 
House are located in those buildings. In 1939, the building now known 
as the Ford Building was constructed, and for many years housed offices 
of the executive branch (including the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation). In 1975, the building was acquired by the Architect of 
the Capitol for use by the House of Representatives, and in 1990 it was 
renamed after former Minority Leader (and later President) Gerald 
Ford.(3) Another building (formerly the Congressional Hotel) 
was acquired at the same time as the Ford Building, and was renamed 
after former Speaker Thomas O'Neill of Massachusetts.(4) 
This building used to contain both House offices and a dormitory for 
House Pages, but was demolished in 2002. In 2008, a Federal building 
next to the Ford Building was extensively renovated and its use split 
between the Department of Health and Human Services and the House of 
Representatives. In 2012, this building was named after former Speaker 
Thomas O'Neill of Massachusetts,(5) and in 2017, it was 
formally made a House office building under the jurisdiction of the 
Architect of the Capitol.(6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 7, supra.
 2. Parliamentarian's Note: The Speaker traditionally appoints the 
        Majority Leader and the Minority Leader to serve (together with 
        the Speaker) on the Commission. See, e.g., Sec. 8.3, infra.
 3. See Sec. 7.2, supra.
 4. Id.
 5. See 158 Cong. Rec. 15578-81, 112th Cong. 2d Sess. (Nov. 28, 2012). 
        The House-passed text was incorporated into P.L. 112-237, 126 
        Stat. 1628.
 6. P.L. 114-254, 130 Stat. 1005.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Speaker has inserted into the Congressional Record rules and 
policies promulgated by the House Office Building 
Commission.(7) Classified security briefings have been held 
in House office buildings,(8) and offices have been 
temporarily relocated from House office buildings to address security 
or safety issues.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. See Sec. 8.1, infra. See also Deschler's Precedents Ch. 4 
        Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.3.
 8. See Sec. 1.15, supra.
 9. See Sec. 8.2, infra. For a question of privilege regarding fire 
        safety in House office buildings, see Sec. 1.8, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 8.1 The Speaker inserted in the Congressional Record the rules and 
    procedures governing the selection and assignment of suites in the 
    House office buildings, promulgated by the House Office Building 
    Commission.

    On June 19, 1978,(10) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. 124 Cong. Rec. 18209-10, 95th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

           HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING COMMISSION RULES AND PROCEDURES    

        (Mr. O'NEILL (at the request of Mr. Evans of Georgia) asked and 
    was given permission to extend his remarks at this point in the 
    Record and to include extraneous matter.)
        Mr. [Thomas] O'NEILL [of Massachusetts]. Mr. Speaker, this is 
    to advise Members that, effective June 7, 1978, the House Office 
    Building Commission has approved the attached Rules and Procedures 
    Governing the Selection and Assignment of Suites in the House 
    Office Buildings, as recommended by the Commission at its meeting 
    on October 20, 1977.
        House Office Building Commission, House of Representatives
        rules and procedures governing the selection and assignment of 
    suites in the house office buildings
        The following rules and procedures for the selection and 
    assignment of suites to Members are hereby adopted by the House 
    Office Building Commission:

            Rule 1. Office vacancies occurring during a session of 
                                   Congress.

        1.1 If an office shall become vacant during a session of 
    Congress, due to death or resignation of a Member or for any 
    reason, it shall not be assigned for a period of 10 days from the 
    day of the vacancy. Beginning at 12:00 o'clock noon on the sixth 
    day (or the next day if it falls on a Sunday) from the day of 
    vacancy and ending at 12:00 o'clock noon on the tenth day (or the 
    next day if it falls on a Sunday), the Superintendent of the House 
    Office Buildings shall accept. in writing, applications (provided 
    for convenience by the Superintendent) from Members for the 
    vacancy. At 12:00 o'clock noon on the tenth day (or the next day if 
    It falls on a Sunday) the vacant office will be assigned to the 
    Member with the longest continuous service.
        1.2 In the case of Members of equal service the one whose 
    application was first received in the Superintendent's office shall 
    have priority; if applications from Members of equal service are 
    received at the same time, priority shall be determined by lot.
        1.3 There shall be a 30-day period from the date of the vacancy 
    before the occupants shall be required to move.
        1.4 For the purposes of this Rule, the day of the vacancy shall 
    begin at 12:00 o'clock noon on the day following the effective date 
    of a Member's resignation or other termination reason, or the day 
    following the death of a Member.

           Rule 2. Assignment of offices following November general 
                                   elections

        2.1 Following election day, the Superintendent of the House 
    Office Buildings, under the direction of the House Office Building 
    Commission, shall be responsible for preparing and issuing a 
    schedule of dates on which suite applications will be received 
    from, and suites assigned to, reelected Members, reelected former 
    Members, and Members-elect without prior service.
        2.2 Reelected Members and Reelected Former Members. The 
    application and assignment schedule shall be arranged in a manner 
    that will provide an opportunity for reelected Members and 
    reelected former Members to apply for vacant suites, with the order 
    of priority for selection and assignment based on length of 
    continuous service and with the longest continuous service having 
    the highest priority. The Superintendent of the House Office 
    Buildings shall deliver a copy of these rules and procedures, along 
    with the schedule of dates for applying, to each reelected Member 
    on Thursday following the election, and it shall then become 
    incumbent upon each related Member to apply for a suite at the 
    allotted time if he/she so desires. At the same time the 
    Superintendent of the House Office Buildings shall mail a copy of 
    these rules and procedures and the schedule application dates to 
    each reelected former Member. Only written application forms 
    (provided for convenience by the Superintendent) for vacant suites 
    will be received by the Superintendent of the House Office 
    Buildings; these applications will be listed In the order that they 
    are received. If a Member desires to have someone on his staff act 
    in his behalf In applying for vacant offices, the Superintendent 
    must be so notified in writing by the Member.
        2.2.1 No Member will be permitted to apply before the allotted 
    day and opening time, nor after the allotted day and closing time.
        2.2.2 A Member may apply for only one suite at a time; the 
    Member may revise the application during the selection time 
    allotted to his or her seniority group.
        2.2.3 Assignments shall be made in accordance with the 
    provisions of rule 1.2.
        2.2.4 A Member who applies for a suite which Is then assigned 
    to that Member, must move.
        2.3 Members-elect without prior service. Between the hours of 
    9:00 o'clock a.m. and 12 o'clock noon, on the date stated In the 
    application and assignment schedule, Members-elect without prior 
    service, or their authorized representatives, will draw numbers 
    from a box to determine the order of their choice of an office from 
    those remaining available. One individual may represent any number 
    of Members-elect but he or she must draw a separate number for each 
    person so represented and written authority from the Member-elect 
    that is represented must be submitted. The numbers drawn will be 
    recorded immediately and the card bearing the number drawn must be 
    inscribed with the name of the Member-elect for whom It is drawn. 
    This card Is to be retained by the Member-elect or his 
    representative and presented to the Superintendent of the House 
    Office Buildings at 1:00 o'clock P.M. the same day at which time 
    offices will be chosen and assigned in the numerical order of the 
    numbers drawn. If more than one number is drawn out of the box at 
    one time the higher number shall prevail and the other numbers 
    shall be replaced In the box.
        Rule 3. Members-elect without prior service or their accredited 
    representatives who have not participated in the drawing will make 
    their applications for offices In writing with the Superintendent 
    of the House Office Buildings. Assignments shall be made in 
    accordance with the provisions in Rule 1.2.
        Rule 4. Unless otherwise provided by the House Office Building 
    Commission, Members of Congress who will not be Members of the 
    succeeding Congress must vacate their suites by 12:00 o'clock noon 
    on December 15 of the Second Session of a Congress in order that 
    offices may be made ready for Members of the next Congress.
        Rule 5. The Superintendent of the House Office Buildings is 
    directed to carry out the provisions of these rules.
                                       Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr.,    
                                                         Chairman.

                                         James C. Wright, Jr.,    
                                                           Member.

                                               John J. Rhodes,    
                                                           Member.

        June 7, 1978.
        Schedule of Dates on Which Applications Will Be Received and 
    Suites Assigned Following November, 1978 Elections
        Noon, November 13th, to Noon, November 14th--all Members who 
    have served 14 or more terms.
        Noon, November 14th, to Noon, November 15th--Members who have 
    served 13 terms.
        Noon, November 15th, to Noon, November 16th--Members who have 
    served 12 terms.
        Noon, November 16th, to Noon, November 17th--Members who have 
    served 11 terms.
        Noon, November 20th, to Noon, November 21st--Members who have 
    served 10 terms.
        Noon, November 21st, to Noon, November 22d--Members who have 
    served 9 terms.
        Noon, November 27th, to Noon, November 28th--Members who have 
    served 8 terms.
        Noon, November 28th, to Noon, November 29th--Members who have 
    served 7 terms.
        Noon, November 29th, to Noon, November 30th--Members who have 
    served 6 terms.
        Noon, November 30th, to Noon, December 1st--Members who have 
    served 5 terms.
        Noon, December 4th, to Noon, December 5th--Members who have 
    served 4 terms.
        Noon, December 5th, to Noon, December 6th--Members who have 
    served 3 terms.
        Noon, December 6th, to Noon, December 7th--Members who have 
    served 2 terms.
        Noon, December 7th, to Noon, December 8th--Members who have 
    served 1 term.
        Members-elect without prior service, or their accredited 
    representative, will draw for determination of selection priority 
    on December 11, 1978, between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 12:00 
    noon, in accordance with provisions set forth in Rule 2.3. 
    Selection of suites will take place at 1:00 p.m. on the same day.
        Brief Commentary Regarding New Rules for Suite Selection
        To assist in interpretation, the following comments are 
    submitted concerning several basic changes that have been made in 
    the rules and procedures for the selection and assignment of office 
    space to Members:
        (1) The new rules and procedures provide for specific dates for 
    Members to apply for suites, following the general elections in 
    November, based on their period of longest continuous service. 
    Previously, Members could apply for suites on any of the dates 
    during November, when applications were being received ``Bumping'' 
    by Members could take place during the entire selection process; 
    that procedure caused considerable confusion. The new rules and 
    procedures continue the seniority system, but in a systematized and 
    more limited manner.
        The order of priority for selection of available suites will 
    continue to be based on the period of longest continuous service; 
    however, once having selected a suite in a particular length-of-
    service group the Member in that service group will no longer have 
    a second opportunity to make a selection from other suites that 
    become available during the remainder of the selection process.
        (2) A Member who applies for a suite which is then assigned to 
    that Member, must move; the application for a different suite 
    automatically places the Member's former suite in the selection 
    pool from which it may not thereafter be withdrawn by that Member, 
    unless withdrawn prior to the closing date for the Member's service 
    group.
        (3) A Member who desires to be represented during the selection 
    process must designate such a representative in writing. 
    Previously, only Members-elect without prior service were required 
    to designate a representative in writing to participate in the 
    selection process.
        (4) Members of Congress who will not be Members of the 
    succeeding Congress must vacate their suites by 12 o'clock noon on 
    December 15, of the Second Session of a Congress, unless otherwise 
    approved by the House Office Building Commission.
        June 7, 1978.

Sec. 8.2 The House suspended the rules and adopted a resolution 
    expressing the gratitude of the House to the General Accounting 
    Office(11) for accommodating Members and staff of the 
    House and its committees in the GAO office building in northeast 
    Washington during a recent closure of the House office buildings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. The General Accounting Office was renamed the Government 
        Accountability Office in 2004. See P.L. 108-271, 118 Stat. 811.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 27, 2001,(12) the following resolution was 
agreed to:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. 147 Cong. Rec. 23058, 107th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        EXPRESSING THE GRATITUDE OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TO GENERAL 
                             ACCOUNTING OFFICE    

        Mr. [Robert] NEY [of Ohio]. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the 
    rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 294) expressing the 
    gratitude of the House of Representatives to the General Accounting 
    Office and its employees for enabling the House to continue its 
    work while the House office buildings were closed due to the 
    presence of Anthrax.
        The Clerk read as follows:

H. Res. 294

  Whereas the House of Representatives recently found it necessary to close 
its office buildings to Members, staff, and the public due to the presence 
of Anthrax;

  Whereas the Comptroller General made an offer to the House of 
Representatives to make the General Accounting Office's building and 
equipment available to the Members and staff of the House of 
Representatives during the period in which the House office buildings were 
closed, an offer the House gratefully accepted;

  Whereas the House's subsequent temporary use of General Accounting Office 
workspaces, telephones, computers, and other equipment imposed an 
inconvenience on the employees of the Office, who graciously vacated their 
worksites; and

  Whereas the sacrifices made by employees of the General Accounting Office 
during this period enabled the House of Representatives to continue its 
legislative work on behalf of the people of the United States: Now, 
therefore, be it

  Resolved, That the House of Representatives expresses its gratitude to 
the General Accounting Office for accommodating the House during the recent 
closure of the House office buildings, and sincerely thanks the hundreds of 
General Accounting Office employees who generously vacated their workspaces 
and otherwise helped to make it possible for the work of the House to 
continue during this period.

  Sec. 2. The Clerk of the House of Representatives shall transmit a copy 
of this resolution to the Comptroller General of the United States.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(13) Pursuant to the rule, 
    the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Ney) and the gentleman from North 
    Carolina (Mr. Price) each will control 20 minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Johnny Isakson (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Ney).
        Mr. NEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
    consume.
        Mr. Speaker, I rise here today on behalf of my colleague, the 
    gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Hoyer), of the Committee on House 
    Administration for consideration of H. Res. 294. This resolution 
    expresses the gratitude of the House of Representatives to the 
    General Accounting Office and its employees for enabling the House 
    to continue its work while the House office buildings were closed 
    due to the presence of anthrax.
        Mr. Speaker, I want the citizens of the United States to know 
    that later on representatives on behalf of all employees of the GAO 
    will be present in the Capitol in Statuary Hall so that we may 
    speak with them and personally express our gratitude.

Sec. 8.3 Pursuant to statute,(14) the Speaker appointed the 
    Majority and Minority Leaders to serve with herself on the House 
    Office Building Commission.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. 2 U.S.C. 2001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2009,(15) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. 155 Cong. Rec. 25, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS TO HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING COMMISSION    

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(16) Pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 
    2001, and the order of the House of today, the Chair announces the 
    Speaker's appointment of the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Hoyer) 
    and the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Boehner) as members of the House 
    Office Building Commission to serve with herself.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Tammy Baldwin (WI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 9. The Capitol Visitor Center

    Plans for a Capitol Visitor Center began as early as the 1970s, but 
it wasn't until the 1990s that formal design reports were finally 
issued. Those designs underwent significant revisions after the 
shooting of two U.S. Capitol Police officers in 1998 and the terrorist 
attacks of September 11, 2001. Groundbreaking took place in 2000 and 
the Capitol Visitor Center officially opened on December 2, 2008. The 
entire Center is located below ground, on the East Front of the 
Capitol, and contains numerous exhibits, artworks, and meetings spaces 
for Members of the House and Senators. In 2007, the great hall of the 
Capitol Visitor Center was designated ``Emancipation 
Hall.''(1) In 2008, Congress established an ``Office of the 
Capitol Visitor Center'' within the Office of the Architect of the 
Capitol, and further clarified jurisdiction over the 
Center.(2) In 2011, one of the rooms in the Center was named 
the ``Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room,'' to honor a Capitol Hill 
employee killed at a district event.(3) Congress has 
authorized the use of the Capitol Visitor Center for ceremonial 
occasions(4) and for classified security briefings for 
Members.(5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 9.1, infra.
 2. See Sec. 9.2, infra.
 3. See Sec. 9.4, infra.
 4. See Sec. 7.13, supra.
 5. See Sec. 9.3, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 9.1 The House suspended the rules and passed a bill reported from 
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure to name the 
    great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center as ``Emancipation Hall.''

    On November 13, 2007,(6) the following bill was passed:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 6. 153 Cong. Rec. 30974, 110th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PROVIDING THAT THE GREAT HALL OF THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER 
                    SHALL BE KNOWN AS EMANCIPATION HALL    

        Ms. [Eleanor] NORTON [of District of Columbia]. Mr. Speaker, I 
    move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 3315) to provide 
    that the great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center shall be known as 
    Emancipation Hall.
        The Clerk read the title of the bill.
        The text of the bill is as follows:

H.R. 3315

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF GREAT HALL OF THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER AS 
EMANCIPATION HALL.

  (a) In General.--The great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center shall be 
known and designated as ``Emancipation Hall'', and any reference to the 
great hall in any law, rule, or regulation shall be deemed to be a 
reference to Emancipation Hall.

  (b) Effective Date.--This section shall apply on and after the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

Sec. 9.2 The House suspended the rules and passed a bill establishing 
    within the Office of the Architect of the Capitol an Office of the 
    Capitol Visitor Center to provide for the effective management and 
    administration of the Capitol Visitor Center.

    On March 5, 2008,(7) the following bill was passed:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7. 154 Cong. Rec. 3224, 3225, 110th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                     CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER ACT OF 2008    

        Mr. [Robert] BRADY [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. Speaker, I move to 
    suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 5159) to establish the 
    Office of the Capitol Visitor Center within the Office of the 
    Architect of the Capitol, headed by the Chief Executive Officer for 
    Visitor Services, to provide for the effective management and 
    administration of the Capitol Visitor Center, and for other 
    purposes, as amended.
        The Clerk read the title of the bill.
        The text of the bill is as follows:

H.R. 5159

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

  (a) Short Title.--This Act may be Seed as the ``Capitol Visitor Center 
Act of 2008''. . . .

SEC. 101. DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSES OF CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER.

  (a) Treatment as Part of Capitol.--In this Act, the ``Capitol Visitor 
Center'' is the facility authorized for construction under the heading 
``Capitol Visitor Center'' under chapter 5 of title II of division B of the 
Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 
(Public Law 105-277; 112 Stat. 2681-569), and such facility shall be 
considered to be part of the United States Capitol for all provisions of 
law in accordance with this Act. . . .

SEC. 102. OVERSIGHT OF COMMITTEES.

  The Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate and the Committee 
on House Administration of the House of Representatives (hereafter in this 
Act referred to as the ``supervising Committees'') shall exercise policy 
review and oversight over the Capitol Visitor Center.

SEC. 103. SPECIAL RULE FOR CERTAIN SPACES IN THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER.

  (a) Senate and House of Representatives Expansion Space.--Notwithstanding 
any other provision of this Act, the Senate and House of Representatives 
expansion space described as ``unassigned space'' under the heading 
``Architect of the Capitol, Capitol Visitor Center'' in the Legislative 
Branch Appropriations Act, 2002 (Public Law 107-68; 115 Stat. 588)--

  (1) shall not be treated as part of the Capitol Visitor Center for 
purposes of this Act; and

  (2) shall be treated for purposes of law (including rules of the House of 
Representatives and Senate)--

  (A) in the case of space assigned for the use of the Senate, as part of 
the Senate wing of the Capitol and subject to the authority and control of 
the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, or

  (B) in the case of space assigned for the use of the House, as part of 
the House of Representatives wing of the Capitol and subject to the 
authority and control of the Speaker.

  (b) Treatment of Congressional Auditorium and Related Adjacent Areas.--

  (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the 
space in the Capitol Visitor Center known as the Congressional Auditorium, 
together with each of the areas referred to in paragraph (2), shall be 
assigned for Congressional use by the Chief Executive Officer for Visitor 
Services under guidelines established by the supervising Committees.

  (2) Areas described.--The areas referred to in this paragraph are as 
follows, as identified and designated by the Architect of the Capitol on 
October 1, 2007:

  (A) The North Congressional Meeting Room (CVC268) and the South 
Congressional Meeting Room (CVC217).

  (B) The North Pre-function Area (CVC268CR) and the South Pre-function 
Area (CVC217CR).

  (C) Lobbies CVC215 and CVC212.

  (D) The North Cloak Room (CVC210) and the South Cloak Room (CVC208).

  (E) The Projection Room (CVC209).

  (F) The Green Room (CVC207).

  (G) The TV Control Room (CVC105).

  (H) Offices CVC101, CVC102, CVC103, CVC104, CVC106, CVC204, and CVC205.

Sec. 9.3 The Majority Leader took the floor by unanimous consent to 
    announce the scheduling of a classified briefing in the Capitol 
    Visitor Center.

    On April 25, 2013,(8) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 8. 159 Cong. Rec. H2322 [Daily Ed.], 113th Cong. 1st Sess. For a list 
        of similar security briefings, see Precedents (Wickham) Ch. 1 
        Sec. 10.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

         ANNOUNCEMENT OF CLASSIFIED BRIEFING REGARDING SYRIA AND NORTH 
                                   KOREA    

        (Mr. CANTOR asked and was given permission to address the House 
    for 1 minute.)
        Mr. [Eric] CANTOR [of Virginia]. Mr. Speaker, today, the 
    administration has confirmed that the Assad regime in Syria has 
    crossed a dangerous, game-changing red line, using chemical weapons 
    against its own citizens.
        The Syrian conflict has raged for many months, and nearly 
    100,000 Syrian civilians have been killed. The conflict now 
    threatens to spill over Syria's borders, destabilizing key American 
    allies. This dangerous conflict threatens American national 
    security interests in the region.
        I wanted to take this opportunity, Mr. Speaker, to urge Members 
    to attend the classified briefing that the administration will be 
    providing tomorrow morning at 9:30 a.m. in the CVC auditorium. 
    Secretary of State Kerry, Deputy Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, 
    Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Admiral Sandy Winnefeld, and 
    Deputy Director of National Intelligence Robert Cardillo will be 
    there to brief Members on the situations in both Syria and in North 
    Korea.
        With that, Mr. Speaker, I'd like to say to Members that we 
    won't be having another vote in this series.

Sec. 9.4 The House passed a resolution honoring an employee who was 
    killed at a district event by designating a room in the Capitol 
    Visitor Center as the ``Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room.''

    On November 30, 2011,(9) the House considered the 
following resolution and adopted the resolution on December 1, 
2011:(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 9. 157 Cong. Rec. 18427, 18434, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
10. Id. at 18559.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         GABRIEL ZIMMERMAN MEETING ROOM

        Mr. [Chuck] FLEISCHMANN [of Tennessee]. Madam Speaker, I move 
    to suspend the rules and agree to the resolution (H. Res. 364) 
    designating room HVC 215 of the Capitol Visitor Center as the 
    ``Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room''.
        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The text of the resolution is as follows:

H. Res. 364

  Whereas public events allowing Members of Congress to meet with 
constituents are an intrinsic element of American democracy and 
representative government;

  Whereas at approximately 10:10 a.m. on January 8, 2011, a gunman 
attempted the assassination of Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, opening 
fire at her ``Congress on your Corner'' event in front of a Safeway 
supermarket in Tucson, Arizona, killing 6 and wounding 13, including 
Congresswoman Giffords;

  Whereas Christina-Taylor Green, Dorothy Morris, John Roll, Phyllis 
Schneck, Dorwan Stoddard, and Gabriel Zimmerman lost their lives in the 
attack;

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman began his Congressional career in January 2007 
as Constituent Services Supervisor for then newly elected Congresswoman 
Giffords, a role in which he supervised a robust constituent services 
operation and worked directly with the people of Arizona's Eighth 
Congressional District to help them resolve problems with Federal agencies 
and to offer other forms of assistance;

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman then served as Congresswoman Giffords' Director 
of Community Outreach, a position in which he proactively engaged the 
Congresswoman and her office with constituencies, organizations, and 
citizens throughout southern Arizona;

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman organized hundreds of events to allow 
constituents to meet with Congresswoman Giffords while serving as Director 
of Community Outreach, and led the organization, planning, and 
implementation of Congresswoman Giffords' January 8, 2011 ``Congress on 
your Corner'' event;

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman was a 1998 graduate of University High School 
in Tucson, Arizona, a 2002 graduate of the University of California at 
Santa Cruz, and a 2006 graduate of Arizona State University, where he 
received a Masters in social work;

  Whereas prior to joining Congresswoman Giffords' staff, Gabriel Zimmerman 
was a social worker assisting troubled youth;

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman was an outdoor enthusiast, all-around athlete, 
and lover of history, who at the time of his death at the age of 30 was 
engaged to be married, and who was known and respected by countless 
individuals throughout the Eighth Congressional District;

  Whereas staff serve a vital role in the Congress, allowing the 
legislative branch to exercise its critical constitutional duties and 
enabling Members to effectively represent their constituents;

  Whereas over 15,000 individuals are currently serving as Congressional 
staffers;

  Whereas, on January 8, 2011, Speaker John Boehner stated, in reaction to 
the Tucson shooting, ``I am horrified by the senseless attack on 
Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords and members of her staff. An attack on one 
who serves is an attack on all who serve.''; and

  Whereas Gabriel Zimmerman was the first Congressional staffer in history 
to be murdered in the performance of his official duties: Now, therefore, 
be it

    Resolved, That room HVC 215 of the Capitol Visitor Center is designated 
as the ``Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room''.

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(11) Pursuant to the rule, 
    the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Fleischmann) and the gentlewoman 
    from the District of Columbia (Ms. Norton) each will control 20 
    minutes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Candice Miller (MI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Tennessee. . . .

        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Fleischmann) that the House 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution, H. Res. 364.
        The question was taken.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the opinion of the Chair, two-
    thirds being in the affirmative, the ayes have it.
        Ms. [Debbie] WASSERMAN SCHULTZ [of Florida]. Madam Speaker, on 
    that I demand the yeas and nays.
        The yeas and nays were ordered.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, 
    further proceedings on this question will be postponed. . . 
    .                          -------------------

                         GABRIEL ZIMMERMAN MEETING ROOM

        The SPEAKER pro tempore.(12) The unfinished business 
    is the vote on the motion to suspend the rules and agree to the 
    resolution (H. Res. 364) designating room HVC 215 of the Capitol 
    Visitor Center as the ``Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room'', on which 
    the yeas and nays were ordered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Lynn Westmoreland (GA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
        The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered 
    by the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Fleischmann) that the House 
    suspend the rules and agree to the resolution.
        This is a 5-minute vote.
        The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 
    419, nays 0, not voting 14, as follows: . . .
        So (two-thirds being in the affirmative) the rules were 
    suspended and the resolution was agreed to.
        The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
        A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.



Sec. 10. The Senate Chamber

    The Senate Chamber is located on the north side of the Capitol 
building and, like the House Chamber, has been renovated on numerous 
occasions to allow for the introduction of new technologies. As early 
as the 1920s, the Senate Chamber was equipped with audio microphones 
for use by Senators. Television broadcasting of Senate proceedings did 
not occur until 1986,(1) though prior to this time the 
Senate did authorize limited, ad hoc broadcasts of certain 
proceedings.(2) During the impeachment trial of President 
William Clinton, the Senate authorized additional lighting and 
broadcasting equipment to be used in the Senate Chamber.(3) 
The Senate Chamber has also been utilized for funeral services for a 
deceased Senator.(4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. See Sec. 10.2, infra.
 2. See Sec. 10.1, infra.
 3. See Sec. 10.7, infra.
 4. See Sec. 7.23, supra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Senate Chamber has been used for the opposing party's response 
to the President's state of the Union address,(5) and Senate 
proceedings have been translated live by a sign language interpreter on 
the floor.(6) Senators have agreed to meet in the Old Senate 
Chamber (also located within the Capitol) to discuss a classified 
treaty.(7) When a disturbance occurs in the Senate gallery, 
the Presiding Officer may order the galleries cleared.(8) 
Senate floor privileges have been extended to the House Parliamentarian 
during various Congresses.(9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 5. See Sec. 10.3, infra.
 6. See Sec. 10.6, infra.
 7. See Sec. 10.4, infra.
 8. See Sec. 10.5, infra.
 9. See Sec. 10.8, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On one occasion, the Senate met in pro forma session at the nearby 
Postal Square Building, due to an earthquake in the Washington, D.C., 
area.(10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. See Sec. 10.9, infra.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 10.1 By unanimous consent, the Senate considered a resolution 
    authorizing ad hoc radio and television coverage of Senate 
    proceedings (relating to the determination of a contested election 
    for a seat from the state of New Hampshire).

    On June 9, 1975,(11) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. 121 Cong. Rec. 17864-65, 94th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD [of West Virginia]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that the pending business before the Senate be 
    temporarily laid aside for not to exceed 5 minutes, and that the 
    Senate resume the consideration of Senate Resolution 177.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(12) Without objection, it is 
    so ordered. The resolution will be stated by title.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. James Abourezk (SD).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

  A resolution (S. Res. 177) to permit radio, television, and photographic 
coverage of all proceedings of the Senate relating to the determination of 
the contested election for a seat in the United States Senate from the 
State of New Hampshire. . . .

        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to the 
    resolution, as amended.
        The resolution (S. Res. 177) as amended, was agreed to, as 
    follows:

  Resolved, That the proceedings in open session of the Senate with respect 
to the determination of the contested election for a seat in the United 
States Senate from the State of New Hampshire may be broadcast by radio and 
television, contingent upon some limitations of debate being ordered by the 
Senate. Rule IV of the Rules for Regulation of the Senate wing of the 
United States Capitol is also accordingly suspended for the purpose of 
photography, contingent upon some limitation of debate being ordered by the 
Senate. Be it further

  Resolved, That such broadcasting shall be accomplished in conformity with 
procedures thereon agreed upon by the joint floor leadership. The 
implementation of such procedures shall be effected by the joint floor 
leadership after consultation with the chairman and ranking minority member 
of the Committee on Rules and Administration.

        Mr. HUGH SCOTT [of Pennsylvania]. Mr. President, I move to 
    reconsider the vote by which the resolution was agreed to.
        Mr. [Michael] MANSFIELD [of Montana]. I move to lay that motion 
    on the table.
        The motion to lay on the table was agreed to.

Sec. 10.2 Over the course of several years, the Senate authorized 
    studies and limited experiments in audio and television coverage of 
    its proceedings, culminating in full cable broadcast of Senate 
    proceedings on the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN) 
    in 1986.

    On April 21, 1982,(13) the Senate agreed to a resolution 
directing its Committee on Rules and Administration to provide for 
television and radio coverage of Senate sessions, said resolution to 
become effective on the date the Senate agreed to a subsequent 
resolution reported by that committee containing regulations to 
implement such coverage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 128 Cong. Rec. 7306, 97th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(14) The question is on 
    agreeing to the resolution, as amended.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. Dan Quayle (IN).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The resolution (S. Res. 20), as amended, was passed as follows:

S. Res. 20

  Resolved, That the Committee on Rules and Administration is authorized 
and directed to provide for television and/or radio coverage (including 
videotapes and radio broadcasting recordings) of proceedings in the Senate 
Chamber. This resolution shall become effective on the date on which the 
Senate agrees to a resolution which is hereby required to be reported by 
the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration 60 days from adoption of 
this resolution containing such regulations and/or rules changes needed to 
implement television and/or radio coverage of the Senate.

        Mr. [Howard] BAKER [of Tennessee]. Mr. President, I move to 
    reconsider the vote by which the resolution was agreed to.
        Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD [of West Virginia]. I move to lay that 
    motion on the table.
        The motion to lay on the table was agreed to.

    On February 27, 1986,(15) the Senate adopted a 
resolution providing, inter alia, for radio coverage of Senate 
proceedings to begin immediately and for live continuous television 
coverage to begin on June 1, 1986, terminating on July 15, 1986, with a 
requirement that the Senate vote on permanent television coverage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. 132 Cong. Rec. 3130-32, 3151, 3156, 99th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                TV AND RADIO COVERAGE OF SENATE PROCEEDINGS    

        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(16) The clerk will state the 
    pending business.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Daniel Evans (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The legislative clerk read as follows:
        A resolution (S. Res. 28) to improve Senate proceedings.
        The Senate resumed consideration of the resolution.
        Mr. [Robert] DOLE [of Kansas]. Mr. President, pending business 
    is Senate Resolution 28; is that correct?
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is 
    correct.                          -------------------

                             AMENDMENT NO. 1636    

        (Purpose: To improve Senate procedures)
        Mr. DOLE. Mr. President, I am about to send to the desk a 
    substitute amendment sponsored by the leadership, and others. There 
    will be a number of other Members who I assume may want to 
    cosponsor, and some may not want to, which is the result of hours 
    and hours and hours of discussion by Members on each side, some who 
    were for, some who were against, and some who had no strong 
    feelings on TV in the Senate. I believe we have reached a point 
    where we ought to determine whether this more or less consensus 
    will be adopted by the Senate.
        In my view, it strikes a good balance. I would be happy to 
    discuss it in detail after it is before the Senate.
        I therefore send it to the desk, and ask for its immediate 
    consideration.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
        The legislative clerk read as follows:
        The Senator from Kansas (Mr. DOLE), for himself, and Senators 
    MATHIAS, BYRD, ARMSTRONG, GORE, and WILSON, proposes an amendment 
    numbered 1636.
        Mr. DOLE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that further 
    reading of the substitute amendment be dispensed with.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
        The substitute amendment follows:
        In lieu of the language proposed to be inserted, insert the 
    following:

  ``That (a) the Senate hereby authorizes and directs that there be both 
television and radio broadcast coverage (together with videotape and audio 
recordings) of proceedings in the Senate Chamber.

  (b) Such broadcast coverage shall be--

  (1) provided in accordance with provisions of this resolution;

  (2) provided continuously, except for any time when the Senate is 
conducting a quorum call, or when a meeting with closed doors is ordered; 
and

  (3) provided subject to the provisions pertaining to the Senate gallery 
contained in the following Standing Rules of the Senate: rule XIX, 
paragraphs 6 and 7; rule XXV, paragraph 1(n); and rule XXXIII, paragraph 2.

  Sec. 2. The radio and television broadcast of Senate proceedings shall be 
supervised and operated by the Senate.

  Sec. 3. The television broadcast of Senate proceedings shall follow the 
Presiding Officer and Senators who are speaking clerks and the Chaplain 
except during rollcall votes when the television cameras shall show the 
entire Chamber.

  Sec. 4. (a) The broadcast coverage by radio and television of the 
proceedings of the Senate shall be implemented as provided in this section.

  (b) The Architect of the Capitol, in consultation with the Sergeant at 
Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, shall--

  (1) construct necessary broadcasting facilities for both radio and 
television (including a control room and the modification of Senate sound 
and lighting fixtures);

  (2) employ necessary expert consultants; and

  (3) acquire and install all necessary equipment and facilities to (A) 
produce a broadcast-quality ``live'' audio and color video signal of such 
proceedings, and (B) provide an archive-quality audio and color video tape 
recording of such proceedings:

  Provided, That the Architect of the Capitol, in carrying out the duties 
specified in clauses (1) through (3) of this subsection, shall not enter 
into any contract for the purchase or installation of equipment, for 
employment of any consultant, or for the provision of training to any 
person, unless the same shall first have been approved by the Committee on 
Rules and Administration.

  (c) The Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate shall (1) employ 
such staff as may be necessary, working in conjunction with the Senate 
Recording and Photographic Studios, to operate and maintain all broadcast 
audio and color video equipment installed pursuant to this resolution, (2) 
make audio and video tape recordings, and copies thereof as requested by 
the Secretary under clause (4) of this subsection, of Senate proceedings, 
(3) retain for ninety days after the day any Senate proceedings took place, 
such recordings thereof, and as soon thereafter as possible, transmit to 
the Secretary of the Senate copies of such recordings: Provided, That the 
Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, in carrying out the duties 
specified in clauses (1) and (2) of this subsection, shall comply with 
appropriate Senate procurement and other regulations, and (4) if authorized 
by the Senate at a later date the Secretary of the Senate shall (A) obtain 
from the Sergeant at Arms copies of audio and video tape recordings of 
Senate proceedings and make such copies available, upon payment to her of a 
fee fixed therefor by the Committee on Rules and Administration, and (B) 
receive from the Sergeant at Arms such recordings thereof, and as soon 
thereafter as possible, transmit to the Librarian of Congress and to the 
Archivist of the United States archive-quality copies of such recordings.

  Sec. 5. (a) Radio Coverage of Senate proceedings shall--

  (1) begin as soon as the necessary equipment has been installed; and

  (2) be provided continuously at all times when the Senate is in session 
(or is meeting in Committee of the Whole), except for any time when a 
meeting with closed doors is ordered.

  (b) As soon as practicable but no later than May 1, there shall begin a 
test period during which tests of radio and television coverage of Senate 
proceedings shall be conducted by the staffs of the Committee on Rules and 
Administration and of the Office of the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of 
the Senate. Television coverage of Senate proceedings shall go live June 1, 
1986. The test period aforementioned shall end on July 15, 1986.

  (c) During such test period--

  (1) final procedures for camera direction control shall be established;

  (2) television coverage of Senate proceedings shall not be transmitted 
between May 1st and June 1st, except that, at the direction of the chairman 
of the Committee on Rules and Administration, such coverage may be 
transmitted over the coaxial cable system of the Architect of the Capitol; 
and

  (3) recordings of Senate proceedings shall be retained by the Secretary 
of the Senate.

  Sec. 6. The use of tape duplications of radio coverage of the proceedings 
of the Senate for political purposes is strictly prohibited; and any such 
tape duplication furnished to any person shall be made on the condition 
that it not be used for political purposes. The use of tape duplications of 
T.V. coverage for any purpose outside the Senate is strictly prohibited 
until the Senate provides otherwise.

  Sec. 7. Any changes in the regulations made by this resolution shall be 
made only by Senate resolution. However, the Committee on Rules and 
Administration may adopt such procedures and such regulations, which do not 
contravene the regulations made by this resolution, as it deems necessary 
to assure the proper implementation of the purposes of this resolution.

  Sec. 8. Such funds as may be necessary (but not in excess of $3,500,000) 
to carry out this resolution shall be expended from the contingent fund of 
the Senate.

  Sec. 9. That Rule XXX, paragraph l(b), is amended to read as follows:

  ``(b) When a treaty is reported from a committee with or without 
amendment, it shall, unless the Senate unanimously otherwise directs, lie 
over one day for consideration; after which it may be read a second time, 
after which amendments may be proposed. At any stage of such proceedings 
the Senate may remove the injunction of secrecy from the treaty.'' . . .

  Sec. 10. That paragraph 2 of rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the 
Senate is amended to read as follows:

  Sec. 14. Provided, that if the Senate authorizes the permanent televising 
of the Senate pursuant to section 15, that radio and television coverage of 
the Senate shall be made available on a ``live'' basis and free of charge 
to (1) any accredited member of the Senate Radio and Television 
Correspondents Gallery, (2) the coaxial cable system of the Architect of 
the Capitol, and (3) such other news gathering, educational, or information 
distributing entity as may be authorized by the Committee on Rules and 
Administration to receive such broadcasts. . . .

        Mr. DOLE. Mr. President, let me state very quickly, and then I 
    will turn it over to Senator Mathias, Chairman of the Rules 
    Committee, Senator Byrd, Senator Long, Senator Armstrong, and 
    others who may want to discuss this. Let me just summarize what the 
    substitute does.
        The first section of the resolution provides for a test period 
    for coverage of the Senate by television to begin no later than May 
    1, 1986--hopefully it will start earlier than that, but no later 
    than May 1, 1986--and to go live on June 1, 1986. Coverage will be 
    gavel to gavel except for those times that the Senate is conducting 
    quorum calls.
        I might add as an aside that I would assume from time to time 
    when there is no business that we would probably be standing in 
    recess, and of course those periods would not be covered.
        Only Senators speaking, and the Presiding Officer as well as 
    the Chaplain and the clerks, will be shown on television. The 
    entire Chamber will be shown during rollcall votes to give the 
    viewer an opportunity to see what happens during a rollcall vote. 
    And we have provided that obviously the clerk should be covered 
    when they are reading the amendments, the Chaplain obviously should 
    be covered, the Presiding Officer covered when there is actually 
    some action which involves the Presiding Officer, or when you are 
    showing the entire Chamber you also would show the Presiding 
    Officer. . . .
        The rules changes include a 30-hour limit on postcloture 
    consideration, reduction of the 3-day rule on reports to 2 days, 
    waiving the reading of the Journal by a vote, elimination of the 
    Committee of the Whole on treaties, and a provision requiring the 
    conference reports be available on each Senator's desk before they 
    are in order to be called up are proposed.
        I say with reference to the motion to proceed which I felt very 
    strongly about, we now have a substitute which does help the 
    leadership at least bring matters before the Senate by waiving the 
    reading of the Journal. . . .
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment will be stated.
        The legislative clerk read as follows:
        The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. Boren], on behalf of himself and 
    Mr. Long, proposes an amendment numbered 1641.
        Mr. [David] Boren. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that 
    reading of the amendment be dispensed with.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
        The amendment is as follows:
        Strike Sec. 15 and insert in lieu thereof the following:
        Sec. 15. Television coverage of the Senate shall cease at the 
    close of business July 15,1986, and television coverage of the 
    Senate and the rules changes contained herein shall continue, if 
    the Senate agrees to the question, which shall be put one hour 
    after the Senate convenes on July 29, 1986, ``Shall radio and 
    television coverage continue after this date, and shall the rules 
    changes contained herein continue?'' There shall be 12 hours of 
    debate on this question, to be equally divided and controlled in 
    the usual form, at the end of which any Senator may propose as an 
    alternative the question, ``Shall the test period continue for 
    thirty days?''. On this question there shall be one hour of debate, 
    equally divided and controlled in the usual form. If this question 
    is decided in the affirmative, then thirty days hence, one hour 
    after the Senate convenes, the Senate shall proceed to vote without 
    intervening action on the question, ``Shall radio and television 
    coverage continue after this date and shall the rules changes 
    contained herein continue?''. . . .
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to the 
    resolution. On this question the yeas and nays have been ordered, 
    and the clerk will call the roll. . . .
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there any other Senators in the 
    Chamber who desire to vote?
        The result was announced--yeas 67, nays 21, as follows:

                          [Rollcall Vote No. 24 Leg.]

    On June 2, 1986,(17) the Majority Leader of the Senate 
announced the inception of televised Senate proceedings on a six-week 
test basis, pursuant to the resolution previously adopted:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 132 Cong. Rec. 12042, 99th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 A DAY OF HISTORY: TELEVISION IN THE SENATE    

        Mr. [Robert] DOLE [of Kansas]. Mr. President, there is no doubt 
    about it: This day is historic in many ways. It is exciting in many 
    ways.
        Not that TV in the Senate is here, now that the public has an 
    opportunity--and we underscore ``opportunity--I doubt that we will 
    ever be without television in the Senate, except for that period 
    when we pull the plug and take a look at ourselves and see what we 
    might do to correct certain areas.

    On July 29, 1986,(18) the Senate voted to continue radio 
and television coverage of its proceedings as well as the rules changes 
implementing that coverage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. 132 Cong. Rec. 17905, 99th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(19) All time having been 
    yielded back, the question before the Senate is, Shall radio and 
    television coverage continue after this date, and shall the rules 
    changes contained in Senate Resolution 28 continue?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. Thad Cochran (MS).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The yeas and nays have been ordered and the clerk will call the 
    roll.
        The assistant legislative clerk called the roll.
        Mr. [Alan] SIMPSON [of Wyoming]. I announce that the Senator 
    from Arizona [Mr. Goldwater] is necessarily absent.
        I further announce that, if present and voting, the Senator 
    from Arizona [Mr. Goldwater] would vote ``nay.''
        The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. [Jacob] Hecht [of Nevada]). Are 
    there any other Senators in the Chamber who desire to vote?
        The result was announced--yeas 78, nays 21 as follows:

Sec. 10.3 The Senate suspended, by unanimous consent, the Rules for the 
    Regulation of the Senate Wing (and the standing rules of the 
    Senate) to permit the Senate Majority Leader to use the Senate 
    Chamber for the televised Democratic party response following the 
    President's state of the Union address.

    On January 25, 1988,(20) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. 134 Cong. Rec. 3-4, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                       WAIVER OF CERTAIN SENATE RULES    

        Mr. [Robert] BYRD [of West Virginia]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that rule III and rule IV, paragraph 1, of the 
    Rules for the Regulation of the Senate Wing, and rule XXXIII, 
    paragraph 1, of the Standing Rules of the Senate be suspended for 
    the purpose of the response by the majority leader to the State of 
    the Union Address today.
        Mr. [Ted] STEVENS [of Alaska]. Mr. President, reserving the 
    right to object, and I shall not object, I would like to state that 
    it is my understanding that the chairman of the Rules Committee has 
    cleared this matter.
        I have been contacted by the distinguished majority leader, as 
    the ranking Republican on the Rules Committee. I wonder, if there 
    would be no objection that following the request of the majority 
    leader, I could put in the Record the letter that was sent by the 
    majority leader to our Republican leader, setting forth the terms 
    under which this unanimous-consent request has been agreed to.

        The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore.(21) Without 
    objection, the letter will be printed in the Record.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. Harry Reid (NV).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The letter is as follows:
                                              U.S. Senate,        
                                Office of the Majority Leader,    
                                 Washington, DC, January 23, 1988.
  Hon. Robert Dole,
  Republican Leader, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.

        Dear Robert: This will refer to our telephone conversation in 
    which we discussed the use of the Senate floor for the Democratic 
    Response immediately following the President's State of the Union 
    Address on Monday evening.
        As one who is very particular about the Senate's rules and 
    regulations, I specified that the use of the Senate Chamber in this 
    instance would be under the following strict conditions:
        (1) The precedent is limited to ``the formal response'' to the 
    President's State of the Union Address.
        (2) The precedent is further limited to ``the formal response'' 
    carried by one or more of the major networks.
        (3) Only a Senate Leader (myself in this instance) would be 
    using and speaking from the Senate Chamber.
        (4) The occasion is the official response by one of the two 
    major political parties--the party not in control of the White 
    House.
        (5) There is no participant in the response other than a Senate 
    Leader; the response follows immediately after the President's 
    address to the two Houses; and no charts or other visual aids will 
    be used.
        (6) There will be no audience present in the galleries or on 
    the floor of the Chamber, the only persons present being the 
    network pool camera personnel.
        Inasmuch as the State of the Union Address occurs only once a 
    year, and the President speaks from the House Chamber, I feel that 
    this request is appropriate, especially when limited to the 
    foregoing restrictions. At such time as the Democratic Party may be 
    in control of the White House in a future year, the Republican 
    Leader would be entitled to the same privilege.
        With best regards.

            Sincerely yours,
                                                   Robert C. Byrd.

        Mr. [Robert] DOLE [of Kansas]. Mr. President, if the majority 
    leader will yield--and reserving the right to object--I have 
    discussed this at length with the majority leader. I have no 
    problem with it. I think it has been very tightly circumscribed, as 
    the letter will indicate, and I have no objection to the request.
        I appreciate the majority leader calling me in South Dakota, in 
    Rapid City, on Saturday. We had a good discussion. I had been 
    apprised earlier by the distinguished Senator from Alaska, through 
    staff.
        I thank the majority leader for his courtesy.
        The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the 
    request of the majority leader is granted.

        Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I thank the distinguished Republican 
    leader. I thank the distinguished Senator from Alaska [Mr. 
    Stevens], who is the ranking member of the Rules Committee, and I 
    thank Mr. Ford, who is the chairman of the Rules Committee.
        The restrictions are very, very tight, and the precedent they 
    will set is one which, of course, will be the privilege of the 
    leader on the other side of the aisle at some point in the future.

Sec. 10.4 By unanimous consent, the Senate agreed to meet in closed 
    session in the Old Senate Chamber the next day for a three-hour 
    session to debate classified information.

    On March 28, 1988,(22) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. 134 Cong. Rec. 5415, 100th Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(23) Is there any objection to 
    that unanimous-consent request? Without objection, it is so 
    ordered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Wendell Ford (KY).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                      closed session at 9:30 a.m. tuesday

        Mr. [Robert] BYRD [of West Virginia]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that at the hour of 9:30 a.m. tomorrow the Senate 
    go into closed session; that it meet in the Old Senate Chamber for 
    this closed session; that it stay in closed session no longer than 
    12:45 p.m., and that the time for debate be equally divided between 
    the two leaders or their designees.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there any objection to the unanimous-
    consent request of the majority leader? Without objection, it is so 
    ordered.

                              recess at 12:45 p.m.

Sec. 10.5 In the Senate, where there is a disturbance in the galleries, 
    the Presiding Officer has the discretion to order those responsible 
    for the disturbance to be removed, or to order the entire galleries 
    to be cleared temporarily.

    On November 21, 1989,(24) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. 135 Cong. Rec. 31277, 101st Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              SENATE GALLERIES    

        Mr. [Lincoln] CHAFEE [of Rhode Island]. Mr. President, I notice 
    the galleries have been cleared. Is there a reason for that? I hope 
    the public would be permitted back into the gallery.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(25) The Senator's observation 
    is well taken. The Chair, as soon as business is completed, was 
    going to allow the galleries to be again filled.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. Harry Reid (NV).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. CHAFEE. I thank the Chair.
        Mr. [Alan] SIMPSON [of Wyoming]. Mr. President, I thank the 
    acting leader for his cooperation.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sergeant at Arms is instructed that 
    the galleries can now be filled with people wishing to view the 
    proceedings of the Senate.
        Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, might I make a further suggestion?
        It would be my hope that if there are disturbances in the 
    gallery, the individuals be removed rather than the galleries 
    cleared. I think we have adequate staff to control the galleries, 
    and I think it is giving in to a few malcontents, a few disturbers, 
    to clear everybody out because there are several who are causing 
    trouble.
        Mr. President, I suspect that there will be probably more to 
    come in who will cause trouble, but I do not think the answer is to 
    clear all the galleries.
        Obviously, the situation has not come out of control. I hope 
    that the Sergeant at Arms would have adequate personnel, and I 
    believe he does, to remove those who are causing the disturbances 
    rather than having everybody, many of them innocent visitors to 
    Washington who have come to see the Senate, forced out of the 
    galleries after they have waited in line a considerable time to 
    observe the proceedings.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair would respond to the Senator 
    from Rhode Island, it is discretionary with the Chair as to whether 
    or not the individuals should be removed from the gallery.
        Mr. CHAFEE. I appreciate that, Mr. President, and I have full 
    confidence in the Chair's judgment. I do offer that as a 
    suggestion, because I do not think this is the last time we are 
    going to see that occur.
        I thank the Chair.
        Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, I think my colleagues might be 
    interested to recall that Senator Byrd, as majority leader, and 
    Senator Dole, as our minority leader, appointed Senator Cranston 
    and myself as a working group with the two whips from the House, 
    the majority and minority whips, to discuss security issues in the 
    Capitol area. That was some years ago.
        Our work was presented. Some did not accept that work; they 
    felt it was intrusive, and yet you will note that we have cleared 
    the Capitol Plaza of automobiles--that was never thought to be a 
    possibility--because we were told by security people of the highest 
    caliber that if we were to be the target of terrorism or simply 
    malcontents or whoever may be involved, one of the most 
    extraordinary ways of doing that is simply to target our cars, 
    place a plastic explosive underneath the vehicle, so that it is 
    parked next to the Capitol, and take a chunk of the Capitol off 
    with it, plus a few more cars.
        Then, of course, one evening right here--some may not recall--
    we had a late session. We would have been here. It was a Monday 
    night. I remember there were many clustered off the floor watching 
    various activities, including Monday night football.
        We left then about 11. And at 12 o'clock, an explosive device 
    blew in all the windows in this hall, and would have taken several 
    Democratic and Republican Senators.

        So I agree totally with Senator Chafee; yet, there is a 
    sensitive balance between democracy and anarchy. I hope we can 
    always keep the Galleries open. But in my capacity, with Senator 
    Cranston, as the leader of that group, I can show you some 
    remarkable cases of people bringing devices into the Capital area 
    who had a great mischief in mind.
        I think it is worth considering that we should not let the 
    actions of a few deter this great experiment that does take place 
    in our Congress.
        I did want my colleagues to know that it is a very serious 
    issue, and if any of you wish to review any of that confidential 
    material you are certainly welcome to do so. It is rather 
    startling.
        I thank the Chair.

Sec. 10.6 By unanimous consent, the Senate permitted debate on a 
    conference report to be ``signed'' (live sign language for hearing 
    impaired in corner of television screen by signer on Senate floor).

    On July 11, 1990,(26) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. 136 Cong. Rec. 17029, 17059, 101st Cong. 2d Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        Mr. President, I submit a report of the committee of conference 
    on S. 933 and ask for its immediate consideration.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(27) The report will be 
    stated.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. Brock Adams (WA).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

        The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two 
    Houses on the amendment of the House to the bill (S. 933) to 
    establish a clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination 
    on the basis of disability, having met, after full and free 
    conference, have agreed to recommend and do recommend to their 
    respective Houses this report, signed by a majority of the 
    conferees.

        The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the Senate will 
    proceed to the consideration of the conference report.
        (The conference report is printed in the House proceedings of 
    the Record of June 26, 1990.)

        Mr. [George] MITCHELL [of Maine]. Mr. President, I ask 
    unanimous consent that during consideration of the conference 
    report on S. 933, debate be signed as part of Senate television 
    coverage today. . . .

Sec. 10.7 The Senate by unanimous consent considered and adopted a 
    resolution providing for additional equipment and furniture to be 
    installed in its chamber to accommodate the impeachment trial 
    managers on the part of the House and counsel for the President, 
    including equipment for display of video or audio evidence.

    On January 14, 1999,(28) the following occurred in the 
Senate:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. 145 Cong. Rec. 357, 106th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Senate met at 1:04 p.m. and was called to order by the 
    Chief Justice of the United 
    States.                          -------------------

          TRIAL OF WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTON, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED 
                                   STATES    

        The CHIEF JUSTICE.(29) The Senate will convene as a 
    Court of Impeachment. The Chaplain will offer a prayer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
29. William Rehnquist.                          -------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                   PRAYER    

        The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John Ogilvie, offered the following 
    prayer:
        Almighty God, whose providential care has never varied all 
    through our Nation's history, we ask You for a special measure of 
    wisdom for the women and men of this Senate as they act as jurors 
    in this impeachment trial. You have been our Nation's refuge and 
    strength in triumphs and troubles, prosperity and problems. Now, 
    dear Father, help us through this difficult time. As You guided the 
    Senators to unity in matters of procedure, continue to make them 
    one in their search for the truth and in their expression of 
    justice. Keep them focused in a spirit of nonpartisan patriotism 
    today and in the crucial days to come. Bless the distinguished 
    Chief Justice as he presides over this trial. We commit to You all 
    that is said and done and ultimately decided. In Your holy Name. 
    Amen.
        The CHIEF JUSTICE. The Sergeant at Arms will make the 
    proclamation.
        The Sergeant at Arms, James W. Ziglar, made proclamation as 
    follows:
        Hear ye! Hear ye! Hear ye! All persons are commanded to keep 
    silent, on pain of imprisonment, while the Senate of the United 
    States is sitting for the trial of the articles of impeachment 
    exhibited by the House of Representatives against William Jefferson 
    Clinton, President of the United States.
        The CHIEF JUSTICE. The Presiding Officer recognizes the 
    majority leader.
        Mr. [Trent] LOTT [of Mississippi]. Thank you, Mr. Chief 
    Justice.

            installing equipment and furniture in the senate chamber

        Mr. LOTT. I send a resolution to the desk providing for 
    installing equipment and furniture in the Senate Chamber and ask 
    that it be agreed to and the motion to reconsider be laid upon the 
    table.
        The CHIEF JUSTICE. The clerk will report the resolution by 
    title.
        The legislative clerk read as follows:
        A resolution (S. Res. 17), to authorize the installation of 
    appropriate equipment and furniture in the Senate Chamber for the 
    impeachment trial.
        The CHIEF JUSTICE. Without objection, the resolution is 
    considered and agreed to.
        The resolution (S. Res. 17) was agreed to, as follows:

S. Res. 17

  Resolved, That in recognition of the unique requirements raised by the 
impeachment trial of a President of the United States, the Sergeant at Arms 
shall install appropriate equipment and furniture in the Senate chamber for 
use by the managers from the House of Representatives and counsel to the 
President in their presentations to the Senate during all times that the 
Senate is sitting for trial with the Chief Justice of the United States 
presiding.

  Sec. 2. The appropriate equipment and furniture referred to in the first 
section is as follows:

  (1) A lectern, a witness table and chair if required, and tables and 
chairs to accommodate an equal number of managers from the House of 
Representatives and counsel for the President which shall be placed in the 
well of the Senate.

  (2) Such equipment as may be required to permit the display of video, or 
audio evidence, including video monitors and microphones, which may be 
placed in the chamber for use by the managers from the House of 
Representatives or the counsel to the President.

  Sec. 3. All equipment and furniture authorized by this resolution shall 
be placed in the chamber in a manner that provides the least practicable 
disruption to Senate proceedings.

Sec. 10.8 By unanimous consent, the Senate granted to the House 
    Parliamentarian and his five assistants privileges of the floor of 
    the Senate during the 111th Congress.(30)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
30. Parliamentarian's Note: This privilege had been extended to the 
        House Parliamentarian consistently for many decades but has not 
        been renewed in recent Congresses.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On January 6, 2009,(31) the following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
31. 155 Cong. Rec. 43, 111th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        UNANIMOUS CONSENT AGREEMENT    

        Mr. [Harry] REID [of Nevada]. Mr. President, I send to the desk 
    en bloc 12 unanimous-consent requests and I ask for their immediate 
    consideration en bloc; that the requests be agreed to en bloc, that 
    the motion to reconsider the adoption of these requests be laid 
    upon the table and that they appear separately in the record.
        Before the Chair rules, I would like to point out these 
    requests are routine, done at the beginning of each new Congress, 
    and they entail issues such as authority for the Committee on 
    Standards of Official Conduct to meet, authorizing the Secretary to 
    receive reports at the desk, establishing leader time each day, and 
    floor privileges for House Parliamentarians.
        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(32) Without objection, it is 
    so ordered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
32. John Tester (MT).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The requests read as follows: . . .

        Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Parliamentarian 
    of the House of Representatives and his five assistants be given 
    the privileges of the floor during the 111th Congress.

Sec. 10.9 Form of Senate proceedings convened at an alternate time and 
    place due to an earthquake.

    The Senate was scheduled for a 2:30 p.m. pro forma on August 23, 
2011. The earthquake tremors struck the Washington region at 
approximately 1:51 p.m. The Senate instead convened at 3:30 p.m. in the 
Postal Square Building. On August 23, 2011,(33) the 
following occurred:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
33. 157 Cong. Rec. 12952, 112th Cong. 1st Sess.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The Senate met at 3:30 p.m. and 9 seconds and was called to 
    order by the Honorable Christopher A. Coons, a Senator from the 
    State of Delaware.                          -------------------

                  APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

        The PRESIDING OFFICER.(34) The clerk will please 
    read a communication to the Senate from the President pro tempore 
    (Mr. Inouye).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
34. Chris Coons (DE).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

        The assistant legislative clerk read the following letter:
                                                      U.S. Senate,
                                            President pro tempore,
                                  Washington, DC, August 23, 2011.
                                                      To the Senate:

        Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, of the Standing 
    Rules of the Senate, I hereby appoint the Honorable Christopher A. 
    Coons, a Senator from the State of Delaware, to perform the duties 
    of the Chair.
                                                 Daniel K. Inouye,
                                            President pro tempore.

        Mr. COONS thereupon assumed the chair as Acting President pro 
    tempore.                          -------------------

                   RECESS UNTIL AUGUST 26, 2011 AT 11:15 A.M.

        The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under the previous order, the 
    Senate stands in recess until 11:15 a.m. on Friday.
        Whereupon, the Senate, at 3:30 and 37 seconds, recessed until 
    Friday, August 26, 2011, at 11:15 a.m.
                        PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE
Ch. 4


               INDEX-HOUSE FACILITIES AND CAPITOL GROUNDS

Accessibility
    galleries, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.8
    rostrum, Sec. 1.7
    sign language, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.6
Architect of the Capitol
    appointment by President with advice and consent of Senate, Sec. 7
    artworks, jurisdiction over, Sec. 7
    Capitol complex, authority over, Sec. Sec. 7, 9
    House Chamber, authority over, Sec. 1.2
    House office buildings, authority over, Sec. Sec. 7, 8
    Library of Congress, authority over, Sec. 7
    Office of the Capitol Visitor Center, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.2
    statuary, jurisdiction over, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.18
    Superintendent of House Office Buildings, Sec. Sec. 7, 8
Art and Statuary
    Architect of the Capitol, jurisdiction, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.18
    Capitol, placement of artworks and statuary in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.15, 
        7.18, 7.24
    Capitol Visitor Center, placement of statues in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.22
    Clerk of the House, jurisdiction, Sec. 7
    House Administration, Committee on, jurisdiction, Sec. 7
    Rotunda, placement of statues in, Sec. 7.18
    Statuary Hall, placement of statues in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.20
Audio-Visual Broadcasting
    Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN), Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    closed-circuit broadcasting, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    committee proceedings, broadcasting of, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.6
    Congressional Record, insertion regarding, Sec. 3.3
    generally, Sec. 3
    impeachment hearings of President Richard Nixon, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    impeachment trial of President William Clinton, Sec. 10.7
    Internet streaming coverage, Sec. 3
    microphones, see House Chamber
    non-legislative debate, broadcasting of, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.2-3.5
    ``Oxford-style'' debate, protocols for, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5
    panning the House Chamber during special-order speeches, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.2-3.5
    photography, see House Chamber
    resolutions authorizing, Sec. 3.1
    Senate Chamber, audio-visual broadcasting in, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.1, 
        10.2, 10.7
    Speaker's authority over, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1-3.5
    unauthorized broadcasting, prohibition on, Sec. 3
    voting, broadcasting of, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7
    voting information, display of, Sec. 3.1
Attending Physician
    security briefing conducted by, Sec. 1.16
Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN)
    see Audio-Visual Broadcasting
Capitol
    artworks in, placement of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.15
    Architect of the Capitol, see Architect of the Capitol
    Capitol crypt, Sec. Sec. 7.17, 7.23
    Capitol Grounds, ceremonies conducted on, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.11
    Capitol Grounds generally, Sec. 7
    Capitol Rotunda, see Capitol Rotunda
    Capitol Visitor Center, see Capitol Visitor Center
    ceremonies conducted in, see Ceremonies
    designating rooms and areas in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.1, 7.3, 7.4, 7.6-7.9
    House Chamber, see House Chamber
    legislative call system, Sec. 2
    Rotunda, see Capitol Rotunda
    safety issues regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.8, 1.21
    security incidents in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 7
    Senate Chamber, see Senate Chamber
    Statuary Hall, see Statuary Hall
    statues in, placement of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.24
    United States Capitol Preservation Commission, Sec. 7
Capitol Crypt
    see Capitol
Capitol Grounds
    see Capitol
Capitol Police
    Capitol Police Board, Sec. 7
    Capitol Police Chief, briefings by, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 1.16
    Capitol Police headquarters, redesignating, Sec. 7.5
    Capitol Police officers, designating ``document entrance'' of the 
        Capitol after, Sec. 7.6
    jurisdiction, Sec. 7
    security briefing conducted by Chief of, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 1.16
    security incident of July 24, 1998, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 7.5, 7.6
Capitol Rotunda
    authorizing use of, Sec. Sec. 1.12, 7.10, 7.14, 7.16, 7.18, 7.19
    ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1.12, 7, 7.10, 7.14, 7.16, 7.18, 
        7.19
    jurisdiction shared between House and Senate, Sec. 7
    statues, placement in, Sec. 7.18
Capitol Visitor Center
    catafalque, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.23
    ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.13, 7.14, 7.22
    designating rooms and areas in, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.1, 9.4
    Emancipation hall, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.13, 7.14, 7.22, 9, 9.1
    film footage of House Chamber obtained for exhibit in, Sec. 5.1
    history, Sec. 9
    Office of the Capitol Visitor Center, Sec. Sec. 9, 9.2
    jurisdiction shared between House and Senate, Sec. 7
    security briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 9.3
    security incident in, Sec. 7
    statues in, placement of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.22
Catafalque
    use of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.23
Caucuses
    see Party Organization
Ceremonies
    Capitol Grounds, ceremonies conducted on, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.11
    Capitol Rotunda, ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1.12, 7, 7.10, 
        7.14, 7.16, 7.18, 7.19
    Capitol Visitor Center, ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.13, 
        7.14, 7.22
    ceremonial displays in the House Chamber, Speaker's discretion 
        regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    ceremonial functions, exception to restrictions on floor access, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    floor privileges during ceremonies in the House Chamber, 
        Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2, 5.11
    inauguration ceremonies, President, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.14
    inauguration ceremonies, Vice President, Sec. 5.11
    joint meetings, foreign language translation in the House Chamber, 
        Sec. 3
    religious ceremonies not conducted in House Chamber, Sec. 1
    Senate Chamber, ceremonies in, Sec. Sec. 7.23, 10
    Statuary Hall, ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.12, 7.17
    vice-presidential swearing-in ceremony, announcement regarding 
        floor privileges, Sec. 5.11
Chamber
    see House Chamber and Senate Chamber
Classified Security Briefings
    see Security Briefings
Clerk of the House
    audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings, control of cameras, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.2, 3.4
    artworks, jurisdiction over, Sec. 7
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
Cloakrooms
    see Party Organization
Committees
    audio-visual broadcasting of committee proceedings, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.6
    correspondence regarding audio-visual broadcasting of House 
        proceedings, Sec. 3.3
    floor privileges of staff from, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5, 5.7, 5.8
    House Administration, Committee on, jurisdiction over artworks, 
        Sec. 7
    House Administration, Committee on, jurisdiction over Capitol, 
        Sec. 7
    House Administration, Committee on, role in regulating former 
        Members' access to House facilities, Sec. 6.7
    Joint Committee of Congress on the Library, jurisdiction of, Sec. 7
    Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies, 
        reauthorizing, Sec. 7.14
    staff permitted on the floor, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5, 5.7, 5.8
    Transportation and Infrastructure, Committee on, jurisdiction over 
        Capitol, Sec. 7
Contested Elections
    see Election Contests
Congressional Record
    audio-visual broadcasting, announcement regarding submitted for 
        publication by Speaker, Sec. 3.1
    audio-visual broadcasting, insertion regarding special-order 
        speeches, Sec. 3.3
    electronic voting system protocols submitted for publication by 
        Speaker, Sec. 2
    floor privileges, policy statements submitted for publication by 
        Speaker, Sec. Sec. 1.17, 5, 5.5
    gallery disturbances noted in, Sec. 4.5
    House Chamber use policy statements submitted for publication by 
        Speaker, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.17
    House Office Building Commission regulations published in, 
        Sec. Sec. 8, 8.1
Death
    former Member, memorial service for, Sec. 7.12
    Senator, memorial service for, Sec. Sec. 7.10, 7.23
    shooting of Capitol Police officers, Sec. Sec. 1.13, 7.5, 7.6
    staff, designating room after deceased, Sec. 9.4
Decorum
    attire in the House Chamber, Sec. Sec. 1.2, 1.3
    Chair, remarks in debate must be addressed to, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    galleries, prohibition on referencing visitors in, Sec. Sec. 1.18, 
        4
    microphones turned off in response to disorderly behavior, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13, 3.14
Delegates and the Resident Commissioner
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
Doorkeeper
    floor privileges, role in enforcing rule on, Sec. 5.6
Election Contests
    floor privileges of contestants, Sec. 6.6
    Senate contested election, audio-visual broadcast of, Sec. 10.1
Electronic Devices
    Speaker's announced policy regarding, Sec. 1
    unauthorized use for photography or broadcasting, prohibition on, 
        Sec. 3
Electronic Voting System
    see Voting
Emancipation Hall
    see Capitol Visitor Center
Floor Privileges
    see House Floor
Former Members
    see Members
Galleries
    accessibility, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.8
    clearing, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.1
    disruptions in, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.2-4.4
    disturbances in, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.5-4.7
    oath of office, administration of, visitors requested to stand 
        during, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.9
    press access to, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.10
    Senate galleries, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.5
    Speaker's authority over, Sec. 4
    visitors, prohibition on referencing in debate, Sec. Sec. 1.18, 4,
    visitors requested to stand during administration of oath of 
        office, Sec. Sec. 4, 4.9
Handouts
    Speaker's announced policies regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.17, 5.9
Hall of the House
    see House Chamber
House Administration, Committee on,
    see Committees
House Chamber
    access to, announcement regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    attire of Members in, Sec. Sec. 1.2, 1.3
    audio-visual broadcasting in, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1-3.5, 3.7
    ceremonial displays, Speaker's discretion regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.4
    ceremonial joint meeting, foreign language translation of, Sec. 3
    ceremonial joint meeting, restrictions on access, Sec. 5.2
    ceremonies, religious, not conducted in, Sec. 1
    cloakrooms, see Party Organization
    decorum announcements, Sec. 1.18
    doors, closed, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.6, 5.11
    doors, locked, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.6
    electronic devices, use in, see Electronic Devices
    electronic voting system, see Voting
    evacuation drills, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.10
    floor privileges, see House Floor
    galleries, see Galleries
    joint meeting, foreign language translation, Sec. 3
    joint meeting, restrictions on access, Sec. 5.2
    joint session, announcement regarding seating for, Sec. 1.19
    microphones, Sec. Sec. 2, 3, 3.10-3.14
    official photograph taken in, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.8
    party caucus meetings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1.11, 1.13
    photography in, official photograph, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.8
    photography in, prohibition on, Sec. 3
    photography in, resolutions authorizing, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.8, 3.9
    quorum calls, announcement regarding access during, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.1
    religious ceremonies not conducted in, Sec. 1
    repairs and renovations, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7, 2
    rostrum accessibility, Sec. 1.7
    safety issues regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.8, 1.21
    security briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.14
    security incidents in, Sec. 1.9
    secret sessions conducted in, Sec. 1
    smoking, prohibition on, Sec. 1.20
    Speaker's authority over, see Speaker of the House
    Speaker's Lobby, see Speaker's Lobby
    temperature control, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.2, 1.3
    unauthorized broadcasting in, prohibition on, Sec. 3
    votes, announcement regarding access during, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    voting, audio-visual broadcast of, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7
House Floor
    ceremonial functions, exception to restrictions on floor access, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.7
    ceremonies, floor privileges during, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.2, 5.11
    committee staff, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3-5.5, 5.7, 
        5.8
    Delegates and the Resident Commissioner, floor privileges of, 
        Sec. 5
    electronic devices, Speaker's announced policies regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.17
    floor privileges generally, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7, 1.17, 3, 5, 5.1-5.16, 
        6, 6.1-6.9,
    former Members, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 6, 6.1-6.9
    handouts, Speaker's announced policies regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.17, 5.9
    Members, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    Members, former, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 6, 6.1-6.9
    Members' staff, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.5, 5.9, 5.10
    minority employees, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    officers of the House, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    parliamentary inquiries regarding floor privileges, Sec. Sec. 5.9, 
        6, 6.3, 6.5
    President, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    privileges of the floor generally, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.7, 1.17, 3, 5, 
        5.1-5.16, 6, 6.1-6.9
    resolutions authorizing or restricting access, Sec. Sec. 1.7, 3, 5, 
        5.1, 5.2
    Senators, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.12, 5.15, 5.16
    suspension of rules, rule regarding floor privileges may not be 
        waived by, Sec. 5
    unanimous consent, rule regarding floor privileges may not be 
        waived by, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3
    Vice President, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
House Galleries
    see Galleries
House Office Buildings
    Architect of the Capitol, jurisdiction, Sec. Sec. 7, 8
    designating buildings after former Members, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2, 8
    fire safety, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.8
    GAO office building, temporary relocation to, Sec. 8.2
    House Office Building Commission, appointments to, Sec. 8.3
    House Office Building Commission, jurisdiction, Sec. Sec. 7, 8
    House Office Building Commission, regulations promulgated by, 
        Sec. Sec. 8, 8.1
    legislative call system, Sec. 2
    office space, assignment of, Sec. Sec. 8, 8.1
    security briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.15
    Superintendent of House Office Buildings, jurisdiction, 
        Sec. Sec. 7, 8
House Office Building Commission
    see House Office Buildings
House Pages
    dormitory for, Sec. 8
Impeachment
    audio-visual broadcast of hearings, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1
    Senate Chamber, impeachment trials conducted in, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.7
Inaugurations
    presidential inauguration ceremonies, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.14
    vice-presidential inauguration ceremonies, Sec. 5.11
Internet Streaming
    see Audio-Visual Broadcasting
Joint Committees
    see Committees
Joint Meetings
    see Ceremonies
Joint Sessions
    floor privileges during, Sec. Sec. 1.19, 5, 5.12-5.14
    House Chamber, announcement regarding seating in, Sec. Sec. 1.19, 
        5, 5.12-5.14
Legislative Call System
    generally, Sec. 2
Library of Congress
    Architect of the Capitol, jurisdiction, Sec. 7
    Joint Committee of Congress on the Library, jurisdiction, Sec. 7
    Librarian of Congress, jurisdiction, Sec. 7
Lobbying
    amendments to House rules regarding, Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.7
    announcement regarding floor access, Sec. 6.4
    former Members, restrictions on floor access, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.1-6.5, 
        6.7, 6.8
    parliamentary inquiries regarding floor access of former Members, 
        Sec. Sec. 6.3, 6.5, 6.8
    regulations regarding floor access promulgated by the Speaker, 
        Sec. 6.2
Mace
    history and use, Sec. 7
    repair and cleaning, Sec. 7.21
    Sergeant-at-Arms' role regarding, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.21
Members
    Delegates and the Resident Commissioner, floor privileges of, 
        Sec. 5
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    former Member, deceased, memorial service in Statuary Hall, 
        Sec. 7.12
    former Members, designating rooms and buildings after, Sec. Sec. 7, 
        7.1-7.3, 7.7-7.9
    former Members, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 6, 6.1-6.9
    former Members, portraits of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.15
    former Members, remarks in debate may not be addressed to, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.9
    Members-elect, floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    Members-elect, oath of office administered to, see Oath of Office
    oath of office, administration to Members-elect, see Oath of Office
    staff of, floor privileges, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.5, 5.9, 5.10
Members-elect
    see Members
Microphones
    see House Chamber
Minority Employees
    see Party Organization
Morning-hour debate
    see Non-Legislative Debate
Non-Legislative Debate
    audio-visual broadcast of, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.2-3.5
    morning-hour debate, dispensing with due to safety incident, 
        Sec. 1.21
    morning-hour debate, recounting of security incident during, 
        Sec. 1.9
    one-minute speech by Speaker regarding audio-visual broadcasting, 
        Sec. 3.2
    ``Oxford-style'' debate, protocols for audio-visual broadcast of, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.5
    parliamentary inquiries regarding audio-visual broadcasting of, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.2, 3.4
    special-order speeches, audio-visual broadcast of, Sec. Sec. 3, 
        3.2-3.5
Oath of Office
    gallery visitors requested to stand during administration of, 
        Sec. Sec. 4, 4.9
    Senator on the floor during administration of, Sec. 5.15
    vice-presidential swearing-in ceremony, announcement regarding 
        floor privileges, Sec. 5.11
Officers, Officials, and Employees of the House
    Architect of the Capitol, see Architect of the Capitol
    Attending, Physician, see Attending Physician
    Capitol Police, see Capitol Police
    Clerk, see Clerk of the House
    Doorkeeper, see Doorkeeper
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    former officers, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.7
    House Pages, see House Pages
    Parliamentarian, see Parliamentarian
    Sergeant-at-Arms, see Sergeant-at-Arms
    Speaker, see Speaker of the House
    Tally Clerk, see Tally Clerk
One-Minute Speeches
    see Non-Legislative Debate
Parliamentarian
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    security incident recounted by clerk to, Sec. 1.9
    Senate floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.8
Parliamentary Inquiries
    audio-visual broadcasting of special order speeches, inquiries 
        regarding, Sec. Sec. 3.2, 3.4
    floor privileges, inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 5.9, 6, 6.3, 6.5, 
        6.8
    galleries, inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 4.3, 4.10
    House Chamber doors, inquiries regarding, Sec. 1.6
    microphones, inquiries regarding, Sec. Sec. 3.10, 3.11, 3.13
    smoking, inquiries regarding, Sec. 1.20
Party Organization
    caucus meetings held in chamber, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.11, 1.13
    cloakrooms, use by party caucuses, Sec. 1
    Majority Leader, announcement regarding gallery renovations by, 
        Sec. 4.8
    Majority Leader, appointment to House Office Building Commission, 
        Sec. Sec. 7, 8.3
    Majority Leader, former, designating rooms after, Sec. 7.8
    Majority Leader, former, portraits of, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.15
    minority employees, floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 6.7
    Minority Whip, submission for Congressional Record regarding audio-
        visual broadcasting by, Sec. 3.3
Photography
    see House Chamber
President and Vice President
    Architect of the Capitol, President's role in appointment, Sec. 7
    bust of President, authorization for unveiling ceremony in Capitol 
        Rotunda, Sec. 7.16
    bust of Vice President, authorization for unveiling ceremony in 
        Capitol Rotunda, Sec. 7.19
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    impeachment trial of President conducted in Senate Chamber, 
        Sec. Sec. 10, 10.7
    inauguration ceremonies, President, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.14
    inauguration ceremonies, Vice president, Sec. 5.11
    presidential messages, see Presidential Messages and Communications
    vice-presidential swearing-in ceremony, announcement regarding 
        floor privileges, Sec. 5.11
Presidential Messages and Communications
    floor privileges during joint sessions, Sec. Sec. 1.19, 5, 5.12-
        5.14
    joint session, announcement regarding seating for, Sec. Sec. 1.19, 
        5, 5.12-5.14
    state of the Union address, opposing party's response, 
        Sec. Sec. 10, 10.3
Privileged Questions
    amending House rules regarding floor privileges, Sec. 6.1
    audio-visual broadcast of House proceedings, resolution 
        authorizing, Sec. 3.1
Questions of Privilege
    attire in the House Chamber, resolutions regarding, Sec. Sec. 1.2, 
        1.3
    audio-visual broadcasting of Members voting, resolution regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7
    fire safety in Capitol and House office buildings, resolution 
        regarding, Sec. 1.8
    floor privileges of a former Member, resolution regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.6
    former Members' floor privileges, resolution regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 6, 6.6
    microphones, resolution regarding Chair's authority over, 
        Sec. Sec. 3.13, 3.14
Quorums and Quorum Calls
    House Chamber, announcement regarding access during quorum call, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
Recess
    emergency recesses, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.10, 7
    party caucus meeting in House chamber during, Sec. 1.11
Rotunda
    see Capitol Rotunda
Rules of the House
    amendments to, Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.7
    gallery rules enforced prior to adoption of, Sec. 4.7
    resolutions amending, Sec. Sec. 6.1, 6.7
    suspension of rules, see Suspension of Rules
Secret Sessions
    House Chamber preparation for, Sec. 1
Security briefings
    Capitol Police Chief, briefings by, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 1.16
    Capitol Visitor Center, briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 9.3
    House Chamber, briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.14
    House office buildings, briefings conducted in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.15
    Old Senate Chamber, closed classified session conducted in, 
        Sec. 10.4
    Sergeant-at-Arms, briefings by, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13
Security incidents
    Capitol, incidents in, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 7
    Capitol Visitor Center, incidents in, Sec. 7
    House Chamber, incidents in, Sec. 1.9
    July 24, 1998, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13, 7, 7.5, 7.6
    Senate office buildings, incidents in, Sec. Sec. 1.16, 7
Senate
    Architect of the Capitol, role in appointing, Sec. 7
    Chamber, see Senate Chamber
    Capitol Rotunda, jurisdiction over, Sec. 7
    Capitol Visitor Center, jurisdiction over, Sec. 7
    convening in alternate location, Sec. 10.9
    designating rooms and areas after Senators, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.4
    Rotunda, jurisdiction over, Sec. 7
    Senate Chamber, see Senate Chamber
    Senate office buildings, security incidents in, Sec. Sec. 1.16, 7
    Senators, see Senators
Senate Chamber
    alternate facility used for pro forma session, Sec. 10.9
    audio-visual broadcasting in, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.7
    ceremonies in, Sec. Sec. 7.23, 10
    floor privileges for House Parliamentarian, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.8
    galleries, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.5
    impeachment trials conducted in, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.7
    Old Senate Chamber, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.4
    repairs and renovations, Sec. 10
    sign language, use in, Sec. Sec. 10, 10.6
    state of the Union address, opposing party's response conducted in, 
        Sec. Sec. 10, 10.3
Senate office buildings
    see Senate
Senators
    deceased Senators, ceremonies regarding, Sec. Sec. 7.10, 7.23
    designating rooms and areas after, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.4
    floor privileges of, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.12, 5.15, 5.16
    Presidents of the Senate, busts of, Sec. 7
Sergeant-at-Arms
    Capitol Police Board, service on, Sec. 7
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
    floor privileges, rules and orders enforced by, Sec. Sec. 5.6, 6.6
    gallery disturbances, role in restoring order, Sec. 4.5
    mace, role regarding, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.21
    secret sessions, role in preparing Chamber, Sec. 1
    security briefing conducted by, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.13
    unauthorized photography and broadcasting, prohibition on enforced 
        by, Sec. 3
Speaker of the House
    audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings, announcements 
        regarding implementation of, Sec. 3.1
    audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings, authority over, 
        Sec. Sec. 3, 3.1-3.6
    audio-visual broadcasting of House proceedings, one-minute speech 
        regarding, Sec. 3.2
    ceremonial displays in House Chamber, discretion regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    decorum announcements by, Sec. Sec. 1.2, 1.18, 3.13, 6, 6.9
    designating rooms and buildings after, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.1, 7.2, 8
    electronic devices on the floor, announced policy regarding, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.17
    electronic voting system, announced policy regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.17
    floor privileges, announcement of policies regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.17, 5, 5.4, 5.6, 5.8, 5.10-5.14, 6.2, 6.4, 6.7
    galleries, announcements regarding, Sec. Sec. 1.18, 4.1-4.7, 4.9
    handouts on the floor, announced policy regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.17, 5.9
    House Chamber, announcement regarding access to, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    House Chamber, discretion regarding ceremonial displays in, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    House Chamber, status while not in session, announced policy 
        regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.17
    House Office Building Commission, appointment to, Sec. Sec. 7, 8.3
    House office buildings named after, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.2, 8
    microphones, authority over, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.13, 3.14
    one-minute speech regarding audio-visual broadcasting, Sec. 3.2
    parliamentary inquiries, responding to, see Parliamentary Inquiries
    portraits of, acceptance by the House, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.17
Speaker's Lobby
    interview tables, announcement regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.5
Special-Order Speeches
    see Non-legislative Debate
State of the Union Address
    see Joint Sessions and Presidential Messages and Communications
Statuary
    see Art and Statuary
Statuary Hall
    ceremonies conducted in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.12, 7.17
    National Statuary Hall collection, Sec. 7
    statues, placement in, Sec. Sec. 7, 7.20
Suspension of Rules
    floor privileges, rule may not be waived by, Sec. 5
Tally Clerk
    electronic voting system, role in operating, Sec. 2
    floor privileges of, Sec. 5
Transportation and Infrastructure, Committee on,
    see Committees
Unanimous Consent
    ceremonial displays, requests regarding, Sec. Sec. 1, 1.4
    floor privileges, rule may not be waived by, Sec. Sec. 5, 5.3
    microphones, use of to propound requests, Sec. 3.10
Vice President
    see President and Vice President
Voting
    audio-visual broadcasting of Members voting, Sec. Sec. 3, 3.7
    closed-circuit broadcasting, voting information displayed, Sec. 3.1
    electronic voting policies promulgated by Speaker, Sec. Sec. 1, 
        1.17
    electronic voting system in general, Sec. 2
    House Chamber, announcement regarding access during votes, 
        Sec. Sec. 1, 1.1
    Tally Clerk, role in operating electronic voting system, Sec. 2