[Senate Document 108-26]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]





                                                           S. Doc. 108-26


 
                  TRIBUTES TO HON. ERNEST F. HOLLINGS




                                 Ernest F. Hollings

                    U.S. SENATOR FROM SOUTH CAROLINA

                                TRIBUTES

                           IN THE CONGRESS OF

                           THE UNITED STATES

 

                                           


                                           

             [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T7210.001
             

Ernest F. Hollings


                                      Tributes

                                Delivered in Congress

                                 Ernest F. Hollings

                                United States Senator

                                      1966-2005

                                          a
                                           


                                           


                            Compiled under the direction

                                       of the

                             Joint Committee on Printing

                                Trent Lott, Chairman
                                           
                                      CONTENTS
             Biography.............................................
                                                                      v
             Farewell..............................................
                                                                     ix
             Proceedings in the Senate:
                Tributes by Senators:
                    Allen, George, of Virginia.....................
                                                                     30
                    Boxer, Barbara, of California..................
                                                                     18
                    Burns, Conrad, of Montana......................
                                                                     10
                    Byrd, Robert C., of West Virginia..............
                                                                     11
                    Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi..................
                                                                     27
                    Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota..................
                                                                     26
                    Daschle, Tom, of South Dakota..................
                                                                     34
                    Dayton, Mark, of Minnesota.....................
                                                                     18
                    Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut...........
                                                                     23
                    Domenici, Pete V., of New Mexico...............
                                                                     28
                    Dorgan, Byron L., of North Dakota..............
                                                                      9
                    Edwards, John, of North Carolina...............
                                                                     18
                    Frist, William H., of Tennessee................
                                                                     17
                    Graham, Bob, of Florida........................
                                                                      3
                    Harkin, Tom, of Iowa...........................
                                                                     37
                    Hutchison, Kay Bailey, of Texas................
                                                                     29
                    Inhofe, James M., of Oklahoma..................
                                                                     23
                    Inouye, Daniel K., of Hawaii...................
                                                                     31
                    Lautenberg, Frank, of New Jersey...............
                                                                     18
                    Leahy, Patrick J., of Vermont..................
                                                                     32
                    McConnell, Mitch, of Kentucky..................
                                                                     35
                    Nelson, Bill, of Florida.......................
                                                                     18
                    Reid, Harry, of Nevada.........................
                                                                     30
                    Sarbanes, Paul S., of Maryland.................
                                                                     41
                    Shelby, Richard C., of Alabama.................
                                                                     16
                    Stabenow, Debbie, of Michigan..................
                                                                     28
                    Stevens, Ted, of Alaska........................
                                                                     36
                                      Biography

               ``Performance is better than promise.'' That's the creed 
             by which U.S. Senator Fritz Hollings modeled his lifetime 
             of public service. He was committed to generating economic 
             growth for South Carolina; promoting education and equal 
             opportunity; and providing the opportunity for all 
             citizens to have healthy, secure and productive lives. He 
             recognized early on that government must be fiscally 
             accountable to the people in order to achieve these goals. 
             A brief examination of Senator Hollings's record of 
             legislative achievement reveals that he remained true to 
             his mission throughout a distinguished political career.
               Fritz Hollings fought for South Carolina most of his 
             life. A native of Charleston, he graduated from the 
             Citadel in 1942 and immediately received a commission from 
             the U.S. Army. He served as an officer in the North 
             African and European campaigns in World War II, receiving 
             the Bronze Star and seven campaign ribbons. When he 
             returned from the war, he entered the University of South 
             Carolina School of Law. Working through holidays and 
             summers, he graduated in 1947--less than 3 years after he 
             began.
               The following year, at age 26, he began his long career 
             of public service when he was elected to the South 
             Carolina House of Representatives. In his second term, his 
             peers voted him speaker pro tempore, a post to which he 
             was re-elected in 1953. Two years later, he became 
             Lieutenant Governor. In 1958, recognizing his leadership, 
             achievements and dedication to public service, the people 
             of South Carolina chose him for the highest office in the 
             State. At 36, he was the youngest man in the 20th century 
             to be elected Governor of South Carolina.
                              Progressive Governorship
               As Governor, Hollings established his well-deserved 
             reputation for economic common sense and laid the 
             foundation for the economic growth that has made South 
             Carolina a modern success story. South Carolina was 
             stalled in the late fifties, mired in an outdated economy 
             with a budget in the red. Hollings balanced the State's 
             budget for the first time since 1895 and, under his 
             leadership, South Carolina became the first southern State 
             to earn the coveted AAA credit rating.
               He was also the father of technical education in South 
             Carolina, starting the statewide system of technical 
             colleges. With this training, South Carolinians who grew 
             up on farms and in mill towns were able to learn 
             marketable vocational skills for the first time-- skills 
             that enabled them to obtain better jobs and wages. Thanks 
             to Senator Hollings's vision of education that emphasizes 
             job training, South Carolina has attracted multinational 
             companies like BMW and Michelin. The State also enjoys one 
             of the lowest rates of unemployment in the Nation.
                                 Early Senate Years
               In 1966, South Carolinians elected Hollings to the U.S. 
             Senate to fill the unexpired term of Olin Johnson, an 
             office to which he's been elected seven times. Early in 
             his Senate career, Senator Hollings focused on the poverty 
             and hunger that gripped the rural South and urban areas of 
             the country. In 1968 he embarked on his now famous hunger 
             tours, which spawned his acclaimed 1970 book The Case 
             Against Hunger: A Demand for a National Policy and 
             fostered a new government commitment to improving programs 
             for the poor. Senator Hollings believed it was ``better to 
             feed the child than to jail the man'' so he co-authored 
             national legislation that created the Special Supplemental 
             Food Program for Women, Infants and Children, popularly 
             known as WIC, which was modeled after a pilot program in 
             South Carolina's Beaufort County.
               Senator Hollings was also quick to establish what has 
             become a long-standing commitment to environmental 
             policies when, in 1972, he wrote and steered through 
             Congress the National Coastal Zone Management Act, the 
             Nation's first land use law designed to protect coastal 
             wetlands. In the early and mid-seventies he also pushed to 
             establish the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
             Administration (NOAA), authored the Marine Mammal 
             Protection Act, and fought for passage of the Ocean 
             Dumping Act and the Fishery Conservation and Management 
             Act.
                                 Recent Senate Work
                Senator Hollings was elected to the Senate for the 
             seventh time in 1998. In 2004 he was the fourth most 
             senior Member of the Senate.
               Senator Hollings served as ranking member on the 
             Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee where he 
             championed a wide range of issues such as 
             telecommunications, transportation security, consumer 
             protection, coastal preservation and research, and trade 
             policy. As a principal author of the 1996 
             Telecommunications Act, Hollings worked throughout his 
             career to promote competition within the 
             telecommunications industry and to ensure that consumers 
             benefit from innovative technologies at reasonable prices. 
             As a result of the September 11 attacks, Hollings led the 
             effort to pass transportation security legislation for our 
             Nation's port, railroad, and aviation systems in an effort 
             to bolster national security and protect American 
             citizens.
               In terms of U.S. trade policy, Senator Hollings sought 
             to reinvigorate economic competitiveness and protect 
             American jobs, while improving U.S. manufacturing and 
             production capabilities. Additionally, Hollings believed 
             that greater understanding and improved management of 
             ocean and coastal ecosystems were essential to maintain 
             healthy coasts and to prepare communities for natural 
             hazards such as hurricanes. He worked to better the lives 
             of South Carolinians and the people of our Nation.
               Senator Hollings also served as the longest-serving 
             member of the Senate Budget Committee where he worked to 
             take the country down the path to ``true surplus.'' He was 
             the first voice in the Senate to decry the practice of 
             looting Social Security, Medicare and other trust funds to 
             camouflage the size of the deficit. Hollings continued to 
             fight for fiscal responsibility, and he constantly pressed 
             Congress to put the Nation back on a ``pay-as-you-go'' 
             basis rather than burdening future generations with 
             escalating Federal deficits and debt.
               As the third ranking Democrat on the Senate 
             Appropriations Committee and the ranking member of the 
             Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary Appropriations 
             Subcommittee, Senator Hollings used his seniority, 
             experience and know-how to fight for responsible 
             government and South Carolina's fair share. He initiated a 
             nationwide effort to combat breast and cervical cancer by 
             utilizing his seat on the Appropriations Committee to 
             secure funding for a pilot screening program. Thanks to 
             Senator Hollings, South Carolina was among six States 
             selected for this landmark initiative, which screened 
             115,000 South Carolina women and detected more than 1,300 
             occurrences of cancer. With Senator Hollings's help, the 
             State received funding for this program as well as others 
             to complete new infrastructure projects, improve public 
             education, attract new businesses, and protect the 
             environment in South Carolina.
               Senator Hollings was raised in a family with four 
             siblings and a hard-working mother and father. He is the 
             father of four children and has seven grandchildren. He 
             and his wife, Peatsy, are very involved in South Carolina 
             as well as in the Washington community. From World War II 
             officer to South Carolina legislator to Governor to U.S. 
             Senator, Senator Hollings dedicated his life to public 
             service. He worked to generate economic growth for South 
             Carolina, promote education and equal opportunity, and 
             advocate a progressive, national public policy. An 
             independent leader who tells it like it is, Hollings does 
             not rely on rhetoric. His record speaks for itself.
                                   Farewell Speech
                             Tuesday, November 16, 2004

               Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, my distinguished colleague, 
             Senator Graham, has been more than generous, and I thank 
             him not just for today but for the years to come. I do so 
             genuinely in the sense that his coming here as a Senator 
             is like going over on the wall and turning on the lights. 
             Here I had somebody diligently working to get things done. 
             That is why I came to the Senate, to get things done for 
             South Carolina. And Senator Graham has not only worked 
             hard--we all work hard; there is no lazy Senator in the 
             100 Senators--but he has that secret of making friends. 
             After all, this is a political body, and you cannot get 
             things done unless you make friends.
                He instantly came to the Chamber and started working 
             with Democratic Senators, which was a surprise to me. 
             Things are so confrontational at the present time in 
             politics, to see that occur, I said: That fellow is going 
             to be here a long time. And I believe it. He is going to 
             be here a long time.
                Just this past week, he got on to my crusade of trying 
             to get jobs and industry. He's following in the footsteps 
             of our distinguished former colleague, the senior Senator 
             from Kentucky, Wendell Ford, who is on the floor and 
             graces us. He makes me feel like old times when he was our 
             whip, and no one, as chairman of the Rules Committee, did 
             a better job. But Lindsey Graham went out of his way to 
             get things done.
                This past week he has been taking around Ambassadors 
             from various countries to prompt their interest in 
             investing in South Carolina. As Governor, I started going 
             on trips in 1960 to encourage businesses to move to South 
             Carolina, and now we have 134 German companies in South 
             Carolina. We have French Michelin, and we have Japanese 
             Hitachi, Fuji, and others. Now, Senator Graham is working 
             the beat. He is a realist, and he knows how to get things 
             done.
                I cannot thank him enough for being already 
             distinguished, not just because we gave him the title, but 
             because I have heard from colleagues on both sides of the 
             aisle: That fellow, Lindsey Graham, is really a fine 
             fellow. He is working, and you really ought to be proud of 
             him.
                I address the distinguished Senator from South Carolina 
             by saying that the only way I can show my gratitude is to 
             make sure he gets this desk. I have the John C. Calhoun 
             desk. You will laugh, Wendell. When I got here I told 
             Senator Russell, ``I would like to have this desk.'' He 
             said: ``Colleague, colleague, colleague''--you know how he 
             talked--``I guess you would like to have this desk. My 
             father sat at this desk, my mother sat at this desk, and I 
             am sitting at this desk.''
                I said: ``Excuse me, I didn't know all three of them 
             had been there.''
                He came to me the night before he left, and gave me the 
             Calhoun desk, and I am going to make sure the Sergeant at 
             Arms gets this desk to Senator Graham.
                This is my chance to thank my colleagues for putting up 
             with me for 38 years. I thank the distinguished staff, not 
             just my staff and the committee staff, but particularly 
             this afternoon the floor staff, Marty and Lula and 
             everybody else. We couldn't get anything done without 
             their wonderful help. And I thank the poor reporters. If 
             you can understand what I am saying--They are always 
             asking later, Mr. President: What did he say and how did 
             he say it?
                I will never forget politicking for President. I went 
             up to Worcester, MA. I kept calling it Worcester. I 
             knocked on the door and the lady said: Who are you? I 
             said: Fritz Hollings. She thought it was a German trucking 
             company. I do thank the reporters who have done an 
             outstanding job for me over the many years.
                I started my career as a trial lawyer, and I made 
             enough as a good trial lawyer to afford to come to 
             Washington and be in the U.S. Senate. Senators don't make 
             enough money. You ought to double their pay, and I say 
             that before leaving. I have said that along with Ted 
             Stevens for years. No little young fledgling lawyer, such 
             as Hollings, can afford to run, keep up two homes, and 
             everything else. It can't happen anymore. You all are just 
             politically using the salary and not really attracting the 
             best of the best.
                I don't leave with the idea that the Senate is not what 
             it used to be in the sense of personnel. We have a way 
             better group of Senators. We had five drunks or six drunks 
             when I came here. There is nobody drunk in the U.S. 
             Senate. We don't have time to be drunk and, more than 
             that, we have the women. We had one woman [in the Senate] 
             early in my career. She was outstanding, but she was 
             outstandingly quiet. That was Margaret Chase Smith from 
             Maine, a wonderful lady. Now we have 14, and you can't 
             shut them up. They keep on talking and talking and 
             talking. If you get into a debate with Barbara Mikulski or 
             Barbara Boxer, they will take your head off, I can tell 
             you that. They know how to present a viewpoint, and that 
             is very valuable.
                The Senators have done a wonderful job. The Senate 
             itself is the greatest of institutions, but I know we can 
             do better. As a trial lawyer, I was overjoyed. When I came 
             here, we had the proceeding to learn the truth and we 
             could hear the best of witnesses. I had better clients as 
             a U.S. Senator, and obviously, I could make the final 
             argument to the jury and then go in the jury room and 
             vote. That, to me, is a trial lawyer. I had reached the 
             ultimate.
                Yet as I am leaving, I am very sensitive to the full 
             docket of unfinished business. I am constantly being asked 
             about legacy, legacy, legacy. I am thinking the things we 
             ought to have done long ago and have not done because 
             rather than seeking the truth--and I say this advisedly--
             we have obscured it.
                Take right now the issue that is going to confront us 
             tomorrow afternoon or Thursday of raising the debt limit. 
             I read the business page of The New York Times this 
             morning. We are spending at the rate of $600 billion more 
             than we are taking in. That is a deficit.
                Don't give me this doubletalk of on-budget deficit, 
             off-budget, or government debt and public debt. We are 
             spending $600 billion more than we are taking in, which is 
             6 percent of our GNP. In the European Union, if you exceed 
             3 percent of your gross national product, you are not 
             eligible to be in the European Union. Here we are telling 
             the world what they ought to do in diplomacy, 
             international affairs, defense affairs, and fiscal 
             affairs, and we would not even be eligible to be in the 
             European Union.
                We have, Mr. President, the economy on steroids. Add it 
             up. Add up the deficit of 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004--
             those 4 years--and you have $1.7 trillion that we have 
             goosed into the economy with these tax cuts. We have not 
             increased spending on the war $1.7 trillion. No, no. We 
             have tax cut, tax cut, tax cut, and they still want more 
             tax cuts. I am talking bipartisan because both sides are 
             guilty. I am not talking in a partisan fashion.
                We have to do something about that deficit. I was here 
             when we balanced the budget without Social Security in 
             1968. President Clinton got the government back into the 
             black. But when Bush came in he turned a $6 trillion 
             projected surplus to a $5 trillion projected deficit, and 
             now we have to increase the debt limit. Now the dollar is 
             in a deep dive. Interest rates are going to have to go up. 
             We are depending on financing our debt some $700 billion 
             by the Japanese, $170 billion by the Chinese, and $67 
             billion by Korea. Can you imagine going with a tin cup to 
             Korea, begging: Please finance my debt because I need 
             another tax cut?
                What about Social Security? Let's tell the truth about 
             it because there isn't any question that we have been 
             spending Social Security moneys for any and everything but 
             Social Security, in violation of the law.
                And don't give me this thing about, oh, yeah, Lyndon 
             Johnson used Social Security. He did not. Look at the 
             record. He balanced it, and we did not spend Social 
             Security moneys until the seventies when Wilbur Mills, the 
             chairman of the Ways and Means Committee on the House 
             side, started giving these inordinate COLAs. We started 
             draining the fund.
                We appointed the Greenspan Commission in 1983. The 
             Greenspan Commission came out with an inordinately high 
             tax to take care of the baby boomers in the next 
             generation. Don't misunderstand me. They act like the baby 
             boomers are coming along as a new problem. We foresaw that 
             in 1983. We said, as a result of this high tax, do not 
             spend this money on anything but Social Security.
                I fought like a tiger, but we finally got it into law. 
             On November 5, 1990, George Herbert Walker Bush signed 
             into law section 13301 that says that the President and 
             the Congress cannot use Social Security moneys for budget 
             purposes.
                I was talking a minute ago to my distinguished 
             colleague from South Carolina. He is going to try, I 
             guess, to raise taxes. I would support it so long as we 
             are not raising taxes for anything and everything but 
             Social Security. You are going to have to increase the 
             age. You are going to have to get some revenues to make it 
             fiscally sound. But if we started immediately with the 
             Social Security surplus going to just the Social Security 
             Trust Fund, we immediately have $160 billion, and with 
             that $160 billion in 7 years, we would have $1 trillion 
             and you wouldn't have to worry until 2045 or 2050, and 
             there would not be any crisis. We ought to study that.
                It is the same with trade. Everywhere in the land 
             people cry: Free trade, free trade, free trade. There is 
             no such thing; never has there been and never will there 
             be free trade. I know about freer governmental 
             restrictions, subsidies, and quotas, but that is not going 
             to happen.
                People ought to remember that we built this industrial 
             giant and power, the United States of America, with 
             protectionism. The Brits corresponded with the Founding 
             Fathers, and they said: Under David Ricardo's comparative 
             advantage, what needs to be done is we will trade with you 
             what we produce best and you trade back with us what you 
             produce best. Free trade, free trade, free trade.
                Hamilton wrote the Report on Manufacturers. He said to 
             Britain: Bug off, we are not going to remain your colony. 
             We are going to maintain our own manufacturing capacity. 
             The second bill that ever passed this Congress in history, 
             on July 4, 1789, was a 50-percent tariff on articles and 
             we started with protectionism, linking the steel mills 
             with protectionism. Roosevelt came in with protective 
             subsidies on agriculture. Our friend, President 
             Eisenhower, had import quotas on oil--protectionism. 
             President Kennedy came in with a 7-point program to 
             protect textiles. More recently our good friend President 
             Ronald Reagan put in voluntary restraint agreements on 
             automobiles, steel, hand tools, and semiconductors.
                Ask Andy Grove if he would have Intel today if 
             President Reagan had not put in that protectionist 
             measure. There would not be any Intel.
                We did that with Sematech and everybody knows it. But 
             we were treating trade as aid in the war of capitalism 
             versus communism right after World War II. We had the only 
             industry. So we sent over, with the Marshall Plan, money, 
             experts, equipment, and we started giving away my textile 
             industry--giving it away.
                Right now 70 percent of the clothing I am looking at is 
             imported; 86 percent of the shoes on the floor are 
             imported. It is all gone. All that time they said: Don't 
             worry. We are going to be a service economy. My light bill 
             in South Carolina is administered in Bangalore, India. So 
             we have lost the service economy. We have lost the 
             manufacturing economy and capacity.
                What happens is your security is like a three-legged 
             stool. You have the one leg, your values as a nation. 
             Around the world we stand for individual freedom and 
             democracy. We have the second leg, unquestioned, as a 
             military superpower. The third leg--the economy--has been 
             fractured intentionally and we are happy about it because 
             capitalism has defeated communism in Europe, in the Soviet 
             Union, and in the Pacific rim. And it is defeating it 
             right now in China. Let's not disturb it and what have 
             you, except to begin to compete. As Akio Morita says: 
             ``That world power that loses its manufacturing capacity 
             will cease to be a world power. What we need to do is to 
             rebuild.''
                We can begin to immediately rebuild by changing the 
             culture, the mindset, the legislation. Around here we 
             passed, 4 weeks ago, a $50 billion tax cut bill that was 
             supposed to represent foreign credit sales. Instead, it 
             subsidized the export of jobs, the outsourcing of jobs 
             overseas.
                We are still treating trade as aid. If you are going to 
             open up Sununu Manufacturing, before you open the door you 
             have to have a minimum wage, clean air, clean water, 
             Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, plant closing notice, 
             parental leave, OSHA, a safe working place, safe 
             machinery, and I can go all the way down. And in 
             Manchester, NH, your competition has moved to China 
             because they can operate and produce there for 58 cents an 
             hour and none of those requirements. If you don't move to 
             China yourself, you are going broke. You will go bankrupt.
                The policy of the crowd that is hollering and wailing 
             and moaning about the outsourcing of jobs is exactly the 
             policy of the very crowd that is causing that outsourcing. 
             If you head up a multinational, you are supposed to 
             compete and make a profit.
                We are supposed to create a strong economy and produce 
             jobs. The Congress of the United States, the Senate, we 
             are the guilty parties. We have to put in a change of the 
             culture. We need a Department of Trade and Commerce, and 
             to put the Special Trade Representative over there and to 
             do away with the International Trade Commission, because 
             this is just a sop. The International Trade 
             Administration--and not Commission--should find the 
             penalty rather than having that separate hearing and say 
             there is no injury and everything else of that kind.
                I have worked with the lawyers. We need a Deputy 
             Attorney General for Trade in the Justice Department. We 
             have one for antitrust. We have one for civil rights. We 
             have one for taxation. We don't have one for trade. We 
             need somebody enforcing those laws. We need, by gosh, to 
             turn around and start competing the way they have done.
                Let me just say what we need to do is get ahold of 
             ourselves and realize we have a problem. I was at a 
             meeting earlier today where one of the Senators was 
             counseling the new Senators: ``Don't take too many 
             committees. The new ones are going to take all the 
             committees.'' Our time has come. We want it all. So we 
             want all the committees.
                The rules ought to say a Senator should not be on any 
             more than two committees. You can't keep up with it. I am 
             on the Appropriations Committee. They used to have 17 
             members; now they have 29 members. You know, the 
             Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense has 19 members. You 
             can't hardly get a quorum for the Appropriations 
             Subcommittee on Defense. Everybody wants to be on all the 
             committees, so you have your staffs doing all the work, 
             because you can't keep up.
                But the main culprit, the cancer on the body politic, 
             is money: Money, money, money. When I ran 6 years ago, in 
             1998, I raised $8.5 million. That $8.5 million is $30,000 
             a week, every week, for 6 years. If you miss Christmas 
             week, you miss New Year's week, you are $100,000 in the 
             hole and don't you think we don't know it and we start to 
             work harder at raising money.
                As a result, the Senate doesn't work on Mondays and 
             Fridays. We have longer holidays. The policy committee is 
             adjourned and we go over to the campaign building because 
             you can't call for money in the office. So we go over to 
             the building and call for money and obviously we only can 
             give attention to that. We don't have time for each other. 
             We don't have time for constituents, except for the 
             givers. Somebody ought to tell the truth about that. 
             Unless and until we excise this cancer, the Congress and 
             government are going to languish alone because it has to 
             be done.
                When I helped write the Federal Election Campaign 
             Practices Act in 1973, we said each Senator would be 
             limited to so much per registered voter. That meant that 
             Strom Thurmond and I were limited to $637,000. Fast 
             forward 25 years, add in inflation, and give me $2.5 
             million. Quadruple it, $2.5 million but not $8.5 or $10 
             million that you have to spend because all your time is on 
             the campaign and not the country. I can tell you right now 
             we are in real, real trouble.
                I worked with John McCain and Russell Feingold on the 
             McCain-Feingold bill; I worked with Senator Biden on 
             public finance. What really needs to be done, and I tried 
             20 years ago, is to put in a constitutional amendment that 
             Congress is hereby empowered to regulate or control 
             spending in Federal elections.
                Then we can go back to the 1973 act: So much per 
             registered voter. When you are limited to $2.5 million, 
             you have limited the campaign. You have limited the time 
             of the campaign; you have limited the expenditures of the 
             campaign. Then you have time for constituents. Then you 
             have time for problems.
                When I came here, Mike Mansfield would have a vote at 9 
             o'clock just about every Monday morning and we would work 
             to Friday at 5 o'clock. We all stayed here on the weekends 
             and we didn't have all of these long holidays we have now.
                But if you want to limit campaigning and if you want to 
             change--as Abe Lincoln said--disenthrall ourselves of the 
             dogmas of the quiet past that are inadequate for the 
             stormy present of money grubbing, then we have to think 
             anew and act anew. We need to disenthrall ourselves from 
             this money grubbing and go to work finally for the country 
             instead of the campaign.
                That is our situation. I have watched it. I have 
             studied it. I have seen it. They don't have me going to 
             meetings. They have me going to the telephone and calling 
             and calling, traveling all over the country for money. 
             Money is a cancer on the body politic.
                Other than that, I have spoken seriously about trying 
             to face up to some of these problems that we have 
             confronting us. There are a lot of opportunities.
                They are talking now about immigration. Mexico is not a 
             foreign country. They are our neighbor. All you have to do 
             is put down the billions that we spend: Give them a 
             Marshall Plan, increase their standard of living just like 
             Canada. Then you don't have immigration. I can tell you 
             right now, the money spent on immigration, drugs, and 
             border patrol, and financing that government out of the 
             banks in New York and then refinancing it on us taxpayers, 
             we could have a Marshall Plan and solve the problem.
                There are a lot of problems that we can solve. But if 
             there is a last word, it is one of gratitude. This has 
             been the finest experience I have ever had. When you come 
             right down to it, I was always worried that I couldn't 
             make enough money to stay in Washington. Now I have looked 
             at my trial lawyer colleagues who made a lot of money. 
             Most of them are dead. Those who are alive are looking for 
             a new golf course and a new drink and they don't know 
             anything about what is going on and they are not 
             interested in anything going on. If you really want to be 
             enriched in your life be a U.S. Senator. The best 
             postgraduate course is to run and be in this Senate.
                It is with heartfelt gratitude I thank the colleagues 
             for their indulgence this afternoon, particularly my 
             colleague, Senator Graham. We just have a fine time 
             working together, and I know he will be representing us in 
             the Senate for years to come.
                Mr. President, I yield the floor.


                                           

                                      TRIBUTES

                                         TO

                                 ERNEST F. HOLLINGS
                              Proceedings in the Senate
                                             Tuesday, November 16, 2004
               Mr. GRAHAM of South Carolina. Mr. President, the task at 
             hand for me is a difficult one. I want to take some time 
             to talk about my senior Senator, Senator Hollings, who is 
             retiring. Trying to do justice to his career is going to 
             be a difficult task for me, but I will do my best.
               I want the people of South Carolina to understand that 
             whatever differences I may have with Senator Hollings, 
             they are political in nature. They have never been 
             personal, and I cannot thank him enough for the time he 
             has dedicated to the transition from the House to the 
             Senate for our office. Senator Hollings has been a 
             tremendous benefit to me personally. He has made the 
             transition from the House to the Senate very enjoyable. He 
             has helped my staff. He has been indispensable in our 
             getting started in the Senate. I want to thank him 
             personally and thank him for the kindnesses he has shown 
             to me.
               Trying to follow Senator Thurmond and Senator Hollings 
             is a tough act. South Carolinians have relied on these two 
             great gentlemen for literally my entire lifetime. With the 
             retirement of Senator Hollings, I think it is going to be 
             hard to put in words how much he will be missed by the 
             Senate and South Carolina.
               But when you start talking about a man, trying to give 
             tribute to him, I think the first thing you have to start 
             with is what means most to that person, to the man 
             himself, and to his family. His wife Peatsy is one of the 
             most delightful people you ever hope to meet. She is 
             beloved by the colleagues in this Chamber and their 
             spouses on both sides of the aisle. She is a joy to be 
             with. She is a lot of fun, and she has been a great 
             soulmate to Senator Hollings for many years. I know he is 
             equally proud of his children. He lost a daughter. It is a 
             terrible thing to have happen. He is the father of four 
             children and I think he has seven grandchildren.
               For those people listening in South Carolina, the 
             demands on one's time in this job are immense, and your 
             family sacrifices in a variety of ways, whether it is 
             going back home on the weekend to try to say hello to 
             constituents or to be in a parade. I don't think we stress 
             enough how important families are to Members. Senator 
             Hollings has enjoyed the support of a first-class group of 
             family members who have represented South Carolina very 
             well.
               Wherever Peatsy Hollings goes, South Carolina goes, and 
             there is no better way to be introduced in our State than 
             to meet her.
               Senator Hollings's time in the Senate will be coming to 
             an end. He has chosen to retire. It is a lifetime of 
             public service that I will try to talk about in the next 
             10 or 15 minutes.
               As his generation is noted for ``The Greatest 
             Generation,'' the World War II generation, he seems to 
             have been there every time his State and his country 
             needed him. He was a graduate of the Citadel. He graduated 
             in 1942.
               As you can tell by his accent, which is the ultimate low 
             country accent, he is from Charleston. If you had to 
             create an image of a Senator, he would be my model. He 
             looks like a Senator and he sounds like a Senator, and he 
             also acts like a Senator. I mean that in the highest form 
             of a compliment.
               He has represented my State since 1996 in the Senate but 
             that is not the first time he has represented my State. It 
             is not the first time he has served this country. As I 
             mentioned, in 1942 he graduated from the Citadel. That was 
             the class that got their diploma in the morning, got 
             commissioned in the afternoon, and their orders the next 
             day and they went off to fight a war. He is very 
             emblematic of that generation. They never really had a 
             chance to be young because the day they graduated college 
             they went off to take on a vicious enemy.
               People talk about 1-year tours and the stress it puts on 
             families--that is true--but in World War II you signed up 
             for the duration. You didn't know when you were coming 
             home and you didn't know if you were coming home. You were 
             coming home when the war was over, when Berlin fell and 
             when Tokyo fell. His generation never enjoyed the benefits 
             of getting out of college and being young men or young 
             women because they had a tough task at hand at an early 
             age.
               Let it be said for Senator Hollings and an entire 
             generation, you handled the job exceedingly well. You rose 
             to the occasion. You made the world free. If the Senator 
             had done nothing else, that would have been a pretty good 
             legacy for life. He went on to fight in North Africa and 
             Europe. He fought the Nazis. He received the Bronze Star 
             and seven campaign ribbons. He was in the action. He did 
             his job well. He commanded troops in combat.
               At the ripe old age of 26 he went back to South 
             Carolina, but a 26-year-old back then is not like a 26-
             year-old in normal times. I would argue that the 26-year-
             olds who come back from Iraq are going to be a little bit 
             different, too. I can only imagine how war matures and 
             ages you. It makes you able to put in perspective what is 
             important. And his entire generation has had that 
             perspective from the time they came back from the war and 
             for the rest of their lives.
               It was shown in Senator Thurmond's and Senator 
             Hollings's lives. Both are World War II veterans. When he 
             came back to South Carolina, he was elected to the House 
             of Representatives at the age of 26. Shortly thereafter, 
             he became speaker pro tempore. So his colleagues saw in 
             him something of a leader at an early age. They saw what 
             the rest of South Carolina has seen for decades: Somebody 
             who will speak their mind. You can be on the receiving end 
             of speaking that mind--I have been on the receiving end--
             but he is fair. He has been tough on everybody. But people 
             know he has a good heart. And he also has a good heart for 
             South Carolina. That is why his colleagues put him at a 
             young age in charge in the House.
               In the Brown v. Board of Education litigation, one of 
             the first cases that came about was the South Carolina 
             case involving Clarendon County. Senator Hollings 
             participated in that case. It was a life-changing 
             experience.
               In 1953, he became Lieutenant Governor. In 1958, he was 
             elected Governor, the youngest Governor in South Carolina 
             history at that time. From 1959 to 1963, he was a young 
             Governor who had served in World War II, participated in 
             one of the greatest legal cases of our time, and he took 
             that experience and changed my State for the better.
               From 1959 to 1963, if you open up any history book, 
             particularly in the South, these are tremendously 
             troubling times. Social change is abounding. The old way 
             of doing business is being challenged. People are fighting 
             and sometimes dying throughout the South to bring about a 
             new way of doing business.
               I never will forget Senator Hollings telling me about 
             the court appearance in the Supreme Court when an African 
             American lawyer stood up and talked about fighting in the 
             war, coming back home and being told to go to the back of 
             the bus. And Senator Hollings said, ``that ended it for 
             me. There was no way that I was going to be a voice for 
             segregation.'' It hit him like a ton of bricks.
               One of his best legacies for my State and the Nation and 
             the power of the Governor from 1959 to 1963--no lives were 
             lost in South Carolina--as he was leaving the office, 
             there are all kinds of speeches going on in the South by 
             Governors. Some people were standing in front of a 
             schoolhouse and saying: You are not coming in; segregation 
             now and segregation forever. Senator Hollings said that in 
             South Carolina we will be a government of laws, not men. 
             He challenged my State to accept the inevitable. He 
             challenged my State to respect the Supreme Court decision. 
             He led the way to the successful integration of Clemson 
             University in 1963.
               The list goes on and on of what he has done to empower 
             African Americans in South Carolina. He has been a 
             champion for racial fairness his entire time. It is 
             fashionable now. It is the politically correct thing to do 
             now. But in 1963 it was not the politically correct thing 
             to do in South Carolina or any other southern State. But 
             he chose the path less traveled. Our State is better off 
             for it, and because of his leadership and others who 
             followed, we were able to do things in South Carolina in a 
             way of which we should all be proud. Hats off to you for 
             that, Senator Hollings.
               During the time as Governor, he did some things 
             economically that we have the benefit of today. Our 
             technical school program, for those who are not familiar 
             with South Carolina, is No. 1 in the Nation. If you are 
             looking at doing business in South Carolina, we have a 
             technical school system that will meet your needs. We will 
             design a training program for your employees, specifically 
             for your business. We have thousands of South Carolinians 
             receiving college level education through our technical 
             schools in an affordable manner. We have 16 colleges now, 
             over 160 career programs and high-tech professionals who 
             have made the Michelins, BMWs, and Fujis possible to come 
             to our State. He is the father of that legislation.
               If he had done nothing else, that would have been a 
             great tribute, but there is a lot more that he has done. 
             He created the South Carolina public broadcasting system, 
             one of the best in the Nation, if not the best in the 
             Nation. South Carolina ETV is known all over the world, 
             really.
               As a young Governor, he took the road less traveled; he 
             invested in education in a new and different way that pays 
             dividends today. That is something he should be proud of 
             and I am proud of on his behalf.
               In 1966, as a young man, he came to the Senate. I don't 
             have the time to read his legislative accomplishments 
             because it would take most of the afternoon. It is fair to 
             say that since Senator Hollings has been in the Senate he 
             has not let any grass grow under his feet. He has been one 
             of the most proactive Senators I have ever known. Almost 
             anything that has been done in South Carolina with Federal 
             assistance has been as a result of his efforts and that of 
             Senator Thurmond.
               Primarily, Senator Hollings has led the charge on the 
             Appropriations Committee in making sure South Carolina was 
             as well taken care of in terms of Federal Government 
             assistance as humanly possible. You will be missed, 
             Senator Hollings.
               I will have, along with Senator DeMint, a very tough act 
             to follow. We will try our best. But the Senator has done 
             some things that I don't think most people know about but 
             which have had a huge impact on who we are as a State and 
             really the Nation.
               The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 was Federal 
             legislation for the first time addressing the coastal 
             areas of the United States. In 1972, you were so far ahead 
             of your time. The Coastal Zone Management Act allowed 
             Senator Hollings to be named Environmentalist of the Year 
             by about every group in the Nation. Because of that act, 
             we have come up with a plan to manage our coastline in 
             terms of erosion.
               The Senator has also contributed to the clean health of 
             the ocean, in 1976, with the Ocean Dumping Act and the 
             Maritime Transportation Act, a series of legislation that 
             Senator Hollings offered that has changed the way we treat 
             our coastlines as a nation.
               He probably has the most proactive environmental policy 
             that we have had as a nation dealing with our coastal 
             areas. It was a result of his efforts. Long after he is 
             gone, the coastline of South Carolina and every other 
             coast in the United States will be the beneficiary of his 
             time in the Senate.
               He was talking about deficits before it was fashionable. 
             Gramm-Rudman-Hollings was an attempt in the eighties to 
             bring fiscal sanity to the Congress. By the time the 
             nineties came along, it becomes the way we campaign. About 
             10 years after his efforts--along with his colleagues, 
             Senators Gramm and Rudman--it got to be the fashionable 
             thing in politics to talk about not running up the debt.
               Senator Hollings was talking about the social integrity 
             of Social Security before anyone else I have ever known. 
             What are we talking about today? We are going to save 
             Social Security. I hope we do. It would be wise to listen 
             and learn from what he has been trying to instruct us to 
             do.
               The first national park and only national park in South 
             Carolina happened a couple years ago, the Congaree Swamp. 
             That will be a monument to a balance between development 
             and the environment for the rest of the time that South 
             Carolina exists. Long after we are gone the Congaree Swamp 
             will be well taken care of.
               There are so many things. The Ace Basin is probably one 
             of the best monuments to our Creator. God has been good to 
             South Carolina. When you travel through our State from the 
             mountains to the sea, you will see some nature that is 
             beyond description. From the mountains to the sea, Senator 
             Hollings has been integrally involved in preserving what 
             God has given us. The Ace Basin is a project he helped 
             fund that has saved some coastal areas and some waterways 
             in South Carolina. The whole basin is a monument to the 
             environment. We worked together preserving over 30,000 
             acres in perpetuity in South Carolina. The Congaree Swamp 
             is in the middle.
               As we look back over Senator Hollings's time in the 
             Senate, you can see that he used his power in the Senate 
             to make sure that future generations of South Carolinians 
             would enjoy the things he has experienced as a young man. 
             What better legacy to leave than a State that maintains 
             its beauty.
               He has been aggressive when it comes to changing the 
             fabric of the education climate in South Carolina with 
             technical schools. One thing he should be most proud of is 
             the Hollings Cancer Institute at the Medical University of 
             South Carolina. South Carolina has pockets of health care 
             problems that are Third World in nature. One day we are 
             going to conquer these problems, but we have a litany of 
             health care problems in South Carolina. My mother died of 
             Hodgkin's disease. The Hollings Cancer Institute and the 
             Medical University of South Carolina is doing some 
             research that will pay great dividends in the future in 
             terms of conquering this disease called cancer.
               My personal commitment to Senator Hollings is that I 
             will continue to build upon what the Senator has started. 
             It is my hope that the National Cancer Institute will 
             designate this and we will try our best to make sure this 
             happens as a tribute to the Senator.
               Again, I could go through legislative enactments, 
             specific projects that have helped South Carolina, but I 
             would like to end by saying that life is short. No matter 
             how long it seems you have been around, it really is a 
             small time in the scheme of things. South Carolina has 
             enjoyed two long-serving Senators: Senator Thurmond and 
             Senator Hollings. Both will have departed the Senate come 
             next January. Let it be said about Senator Hollings that 
             his time in the Senate will be felt by South Carolinians 
             as long as there is a South Carolina. What the Senator has 
             been able to do with the power entrusted to him by the 
             people of South Carolina is to bring about a lot of good, 
             Senator Hollings. The Senator has made our State a better 
             place to live. The Senator has preserved things that would 
             have been lost without the Senator. The Senator has talked 
             about the future in responsible terms. The Senator has 
             served our Nation during peace and war. The Senator has 
             served South Carolina and the Senate well.
               I am honored to call you my senior Senator. It is my 
             wish that you have many more years to help my State, help 
             our State, and help our Nation. I hope that comes to pass.
               As I try to go forward as a Senator from South Carolina, 
             I hope I am smart enough to draw upon what you have done 
             and look at the model you have created and build upon that 
             model.
               I am a Republican; Senator Hollings is a Democrat. That 
             means something, but it really does not mean that much 
             because we are both Americans, and we both love South 
             Carolina.
               God bless, Godspeed, and well done.

               Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I wanted to come to the floor 
             to say that this Senator is going to miss the booming 
             voice and the southern drawl of the Senator from South 
             Carolina who is one of a few who has relentlessly, over a 
             long period of time, talked about the issue of 
             international trade. He has talked about how it relates to 
             our country's economy. Very few come to the floor to talk 
             about the doctrine of comparative advantage and Adam Smith 
             and the kind of things that I have had the privilege of 
             hearing from Senator Hollings.
               As one who comes to the floor to talk about trade a lot, 
             I am going to miss very much the work which has been done 
             by Senator Hollings and which he has been doing for so 
             many years. He is absolutely right about these issues.
               They will take a look at statements and say, well, he is 
             a protectionist. I don't view Senator Hollings as wanting 
             to put up walls around this country. I think if the charge 
             is that Senator Hollings or I or others want to protect 
             the economic interests of the United States, we ought to 
             plead guilty quickly. That is why I am here and why he has 
             served this country for so many decades. We want to 
             protect the economic interests of this country.
               I wanted to say, having heard the comments just offered 
             by my colleague from South Carolina, how proud I am to 
             have served with him. Being here when Senator Hollings was 
             here and when Senator Byrd has been here and a few others 
             is a very special privilege for someone like myself.

               Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, will the distinguished 
             Senator yield?

               Mr. DORGAN. Of course, I yield.

               Mr. HOLLINGS. I wanted to thank the distinguished 
             Senator from North Dakota. He has been in the vanguard. He 
             headed up our policy committee and we have learned more. I 
             was on the original policy committee under Senator 
             Mansfield. But it has been quite an education. He has 
             really put the program so we can learn about the issues. I 
             thank him for that. But I particularly want to commend him 
             for his leadership on trade because he has been leading 
             the way on that score. I thank him very much.

               Mr. DORGAN. I thank my colleague from South Carolina and 
             wish him well.
                                            Thursday, November 18, 2004
               Mr. BURNS. I came down here today to talk about other 
             men who will be leaving this Senate, including Senator 
             Hollings from South Carolina. He was chairman of the 
             Commerce Committee when I first came here in 1988 and 
             1989. I was up to my eyes in confusion, trying to drink 
             out of a fire hydrant to take it all in. My former 
             chairman of the Commerce Committee was part of my 
             education, a very important part of it, in understanding 
             the work done in the committees and this business of 
             setting policy that conforms to the wants and desires of 
             our States and what is good for the country.
               One time I offered a little amendment that had a far-
             reaching effect in the debate of regulating the cable 
             industry. I didn't want to do that but I wanted to give 
             him a little competition to make them better. I offered an 
             amendment without telling anybody on the committee, 
             without telling a soul.
               I will tell the Presiding Officer I know what it is like 
             to sit way down at the end of the committee because when I 
             came here my seniority was S100.
               I remember the chairman, Mr. Hollings, saying, I've 
             never heard of anything like that. It was pretty obvious 
             we were going to have to go to a vote. He didn't know if 
             he had enough votes to defeat it and I didn't know if I 
             had enough votes to pass it. An instance such as that 
             calls for a little backroom sitdown, talk about this, and 
             see what it does to the issue.
               I was right there with him. Senator Inouye from Hawaii 
             was also in the meeting. One can start to learn the ways 
             of the Senate especially in the areas of committee work.
               I will miss Ernest Hollings because he has been an 
             institution here serving from the 89th through the 108th 
             Congress. That is a great tradition.
               The Presiding Officer knows and understands Ernest 
             Hollings. We may disagree on philosophy but we did not 
             disagree on America. * * *
               As to all of these men, I want to say you do form 
             relationships here, and there is a certain bond that 
             attracts us all, as we learn that even though you may be 
             on the same side of the aisle or the opposite side of the 
             aisle, one could always agree or disagree without being 
             disagreeable. That is what makes the Senate a special 
             place.
               We will miss all of these men, but I am looking forward 
             to those who take their place as, there again, new 
             relationships will be developed, a new bond dealing with 
             the old challenges of a free society, with those who love 
             the Constitution and love this country who were prepared 
             to die for it and would if asked to do so today. No one 
             doubts the depth of their patriotism nor their service to 
             their country. We welcome them as we say goodbye to old 
             friends, old relationships that will never be forgotten.

               Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, the end of the 108th Congress 
             marks the end of an era. It marks the end of a remarkable 
             career of a remarkable man.
               I will not say goodbye to Senator Hollings. His 
             personality, his sense of humor, his achievements, his 
             legacy will forever be a part of this Chamber. But I do 
             take a few minutes of the Senate's time to thank Senator 
             Ernest Hollings.
               I thank him for being an outstanding Senator. I thank 
             him for his service to our country. I thank him for being 
             a friend. I have been honored to call him my colleague for 
             almost 40 years.
               The man who is destined to become a legend in the 
             political history of South Carolina politics was a New 
             Year's Day baby. He was born on January 1, 1922. After 
             graduating from the Citadel, he served in the U.S. Army 
             during World War II. This combat veteran, who served in 
             North Africa and in Europe, was awarded seven campaign 
             stars and was discharged with the rank of captain.
               After the war, he earned his law degree from the 
             University of South Carolina in 1947 and then began his 
             extraordinary career in public service in 1947. That was 
             the year in which he earned his law degree.
               In 1947, at the age of 26, he was elected to the South 
             Carolina State Legislature where he served until 1954, 
             while 1947 was the year in which I was sworn in at the 
             West Virginia House of Delegates in Charleston, WV.
               During his last 3 years in the South Carolina State 
             Legislature, he served as its speaker pro tempore.
               In 1954, at the age of 32, he was elected Lieutenant 
             Governor of South Carolina.
               Four years later, in 1958, at the age of 36, he became 
             one of the youngest men ever elected Governor of his 
             beloved State. From what I understand, he was an 
             outstanding Governor. Senator Hollings would be 
             outstanding in any office in which he would ever serve. He 
             earned a reputation as the education Governor because he 
             raised teachers' salaries, launched new and innovative 
             educational programs, including a superb technical 
             training program, and set up a commission that improved 
             the State's higher education system.
               In 1966 he was elected to the Senate. Here he has stayed 
             for 38 years. I am glad he stayed. He has been a very 
             colorful Senator, an outstanding and outspoken Senator 
             with a booming voice.
               The stentorian voice could be heard, I am sure, 
             throughout this Chamber, without a public address system. 
             When he first came here we had no public address system in 
             the Senate. When I first came here, we had no public 
             address system in the Senate, but we had Senators who 
             could be heard. It was a practice in those days for other 
             Senators to gather closer to the Senator who was speaking. 
             It was also a practice for other Senators to be informed 
             when a new Senator was going to speak. New Senators did 
             not speak the first week or the first month, but only 
             after several months did they speak. Before they spoke, 
             the word went around that so and so was going to deliver 
             his maiden speech or her maiden speech. In those days 
             there was one lady in the Senate, Margaret Chase Smith of 
             Maine. But we didn't have any public address system.
               I recall when we started to discuss having a public 
             address system in the Senate, I was opposed to it. I 
             wanted the Senate to remain the Senate of the decades that 
             had preceded our own times.
               But he was colorful and he was a Senator who had that 
             booming voice that could be projected and heard in the 
             galleries, and today Senator Hollings does not need a 
             microphone.
               He was from the old school of Senators who placed public 
             interest over partisan politics. Oh, that we had more 
             Senators like that, more Senators like Senator Hollings 
             who put first the public's interest, the interest of those 
             people who are watching through that electronic eye just 
             behind the Presiding Officer's desk; the eyes of the 
             people come through that electronic eye, which extends the 
             galleries beyond the capacity that we see here. It extends 
             those galleries out to the outermost parts of the country, 
             north and south, out to the Pacific, out to the great 
             Rocky Mountains, out to the broad prairies, out to the 
             farms, out to the hills of West Virginia, that great 
             medium.
               This Senator from South Carolina, unlike so many 
             Senators of today, placed the public interest over 
             partisan politics. And he still does. He never hesitated 
             to criticize a President of his own political party as 
             well as the opposition party when he knew in his heart and 
             in his conscience that President was wrong. If it were a 
             President of his own party, let it be.
               While in the Senate, Senator Hollings has served on the 
             Senate's Budget and Appropriations Committees, served as 
             chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee, served as 
             chairman of a number of Senate subcommittees. Just as he 
             had been a loyal and proud servant of his own State of 
             South Carolina, he has been a loyal and proud servant of 
             our country. In the Senate, he has been a forceful 
             advocate of a responsible energy policy. In fact, as early 
             as 1967, Senator Hollings was warning that our country 
             faced a future of energy crises, and he was calling for a 
             national energy policy.
               He authored legislation to create the Department of 
             Energy and the Automobile Fuel Economy Act that requires 
             the miles-per-gallon sticker on new cars.
               He has been a determined advocate of a cleaner and 
             healthier environment. In this effort, he formulated 
             legislation to protect our marine environment, sponsored 
             legislation to prevent the dumping of polluting materials 
             in the ocean, and authored the Coastal Zone Management Act 
             to protect our coastal waters and tidelands. He is the 
             recognized legislative ``father'' of the National Oceanic 
             and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA.
               In the Senate, Senator Hollings continued promoting 
             technical training as he fought to establish trade schools 
             that specialize in retraining workers and offer 
             alternatives for people who choose not to pursue a 
             university degree.
               In the Senate, Senator Hollings has tenaciously opposed 
             trade deals that threaten American jobs. Oh, if there were 
             more like him. His fights in this area have involved 
             opposing Presidents, opposing Presidents whom he charged 
             were ``giving away the store'' in our trade treaties. He 
             has fought to protect and increase Social Security 
             benefits for our elderly Americans.
               Concerned about the widespread poverty across the South, 
             in 1968, he undertook a series of ``hunger tours'' that 
             highlighted the issue. He later authored a powerful study, 
             The Case Against Hunger: A Demand for a National Policy 
             that advocated programs to address the persistence of 
             abject poverty in the United States. Putting his words 
             into action, he helped lead the congressional effort to 
             establish the Women, Infants and Children--WIC--
             Nutritional Assistance Program, and he helped to advance 
             the Nation's community health centers, which provide 
             primary and preventive health services in underserved 
             communities.
               Long before the Bush administration's record-breaking 
             budget deficits, long before today's incredible $7 
             trillion national debt, Senator Hollings was an eloquent 
             and powerful advocate of budget discipline. I did not 
             always agree with his efforts, such as the Gramm-Rudman-
             Hollings law, but I never questioned Senator Hollings's 
             dedication to trying to restore fiscal sanity to America's 
             deficit addictions.
               Although he has long been a Senator of power and 
             influence, during the great majority of his time in this 
             Chamber, he remained the junior Senator from his State. 
             Even after serving 36 years in the Senate, he was still 
             outranked by his colleague from South Carolina, Senator 
             Strom Thurmond, making Senator Hollings the longest 
             serving junior Senator in history, whatever that means. I 
             have often wondered, having been a junior Senator and 
             being a senior Senator now, what we mean by ``junior 
             Senator''? Well, we know what it means, but that is all.
               It was at the age of 80 that Senator Hollings finally 
             became the senior Senator from South Carolina. He had 
             earned it. He had earned it just as he has earned the 
             respect and the gratitude of the people of South Carolina 
             and the men and the women in this Chamber.
               Now, unfortunately, my friend and colleague is leaving 
             us. Again, I will not say farewell to him. I will only 
             thank him for his service and wish him well in his private 
             life.
               I will always remember and cherish our years of working 
             together on the Appropriations Committee and for the best 
             interests of our great country.

             It isn't enough that we say in our hearts
             That we like a man for his ways;
             And it isn't enough that we fill our minds
             With psalms of silent praise;
             Nor is it enough that we honor a man
             As our confidence upward mounts;
             It's going right up to the man himself
             And telling him so that counts.

             Then when a man does a deed that you really admire,
             Don't leave a kind word unsaid,
             For fear to do so might make him vain
             Or cause him to lose his head;
             But reach out your hand and tell him, ``Well done,''
             And see how his gratitude swells;
             It isn't the flowers we strew on the grave,
             It's the word to the living that tells.

               Now, unfortunately, my friend and colleague--a strong 
             colleague on the Appropriations Committee, where we two 
             have served all these many years--is leaving us. Again, I 
             will not say farewell to Senator Hollings. I will only 
             thank him for his service and wish him well in his private 
             life. I will always remember and cherish our years of 
             working together.
               I shall always remember, too, that loyal, dedicated, 
             devoted helpmate, Peatsy, who stood always at his side, 
             always there to be his best confidant. Yes, Erma and I 
             will miss Peatsy.
               In closing, then, let me speak just a few words from the 
             ``Character of the Happy Warrior'' by William Wordsworth, 
             because I think they represent my feelings toward Ernest 
             Fritz Hollings:

             Who is the happy Warrior? Who is he
             That every man in arms should wish to be?
              * * * 'Tis, finally, the Man, who, lifted high,
             Conspicuous object in a Nation's eye,
             Or left unthought-of in obscurity,--
             Who, with a toward or untoward lot,
             Prosperous or adverse, to his wish or not--
             Plays, in the many games of life, that one
             Where what he most doth value must be won:
             Whom neither shape or danger can dismay,
             Nor thought of tender happiness betray;
             Who, not content that former worth stand fast,
             Looks forward, persevering to the last,
             From well to better, daily self-surpast:
             Who, whether praise of him must walk the earth
             For ever, and to noble deeds give birth,
             Or he must fall, to sleep without his fame,
             And leave a dead unprofitable name--
             Finds comfort in himself and in his cause;
             And, while the mortal mist is gathering, draws
             His breath in confidence of Heaven's applause:
             This is the happy Warrior; this is he
             That every man in arms should wish to be.

               Mr. SHELBY. Mr. President, I would like to take a few 
             minutes to talk about our departing colleague, the senior 
             Senator from South Carolina, the senior Senator after many 
             years of waiting in the wings, and that is Senator Fritz 
             Hollings.
               I first got to know Fritz Hollings after I came to the 
             Senate in 1986. My wife Annette and I have worked with 
             Fritz and his wife Peatsy. We have traveled around the 
             United States with them. We have been with them in their 
             home. We visited them in Charleston. We traveled around 
             the world with them.
               He is a unique individual, to say the least, but he has 
             had, as the Presiding Officer knows, a distinguished 
             career as a State senator in his native South Carolina and 
             then Lieutenant Governor and Governor of his State before 
             he came to the Senate I believe in 1966.
               He has had a distinguished career as chairman of the 
             Commerce Committee for many years and as a senior member 
             of the Appropriations Committee and chairman for many 
             years, and ranking member now, of the Appropriations 
             subcommittee dealing with State-Justice.
               Fritz, we are going to miss you. We are going to miss 
             your humor. We are going to miss your frankness. We are 
             going to miss your wisdom. And we are going to miss your 
             wife Peatsy about whom we all care and love. You have 
             invited a lot of us to visit you in Charleston. I hope you 
             add some more rooms to that House there because a lot of 
             us will be coming to see you. You have been a great 
             American.
               In addition to public service to his State and to the 
             Nation, Fritz Hollings was a young graduate of the Citadel 
             in his hometown of Charleston before the Second World War, 
             and he served with distinction as an officer in Europe for 
             a long time through many battles.
               I respect you, Fritz. I commend you for your service, 
             and I look forward to visiting you both here and in 
             Charleston in the years to come.

               Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, Fritz Hollings is a passionate 
             advocate for the people of South Carolina, a true 
             statesman, and a fine gentleman. He is one of the most 
             senior Members of our body and, to all of us, he is a 
             friend, a mentor and a guide. He has devoted his life to 
             public service.
               Fritz Hollings has always shown courage, conviction, and 
             an ability to get things done. His work has touched every 
             corner of our country and every American's life.
               Fritz helped our Nation confront its spiraling budget 
             deficits, maintain a strong posture against the Soviet 
             Union, integrate our schools, and create the WIC Program. 
             His work has helped protect our coastal ecology, preserve 
             our oceans, and defend our transportation networks from 
             terrorist attacks. And, when a family eats dinner without 
             interruption, free from never-ending telemarketing calls, 
             well, we can all thank Fritz for that too.
               On trade, on spending, on taxes, on military issues, and 
             on Senate pay, he has never been afraid to speak his mind, 
             even when his own party, or sometimes even most of the 
             Senate, disagrees with him. In the end, he has always been 
             a winner thanks to his grace and honor. A summary of 
             Fritz's legislative achievements reads an astounding eight 
             single-spaced pages. He's always campaigned on the creed 
             that: ``Performance is better than promise.'' And he has 
             lived up to it.
               We'll all miss Fritz: His friendship, his principles, 
             and his willingness to tell it like it is. We wish Fritz 
             and Peatsy all the best and want them to know that they 
             will always have a home, a family and a place in the 
             history of the U.S. Senate.

               Mr. EDWARDS. I thank my fellow Senate retirees Senator 
             Breaux and Senator Hollings. One thing I guarantee you: 
             Our accents will be missed here on the floor of the 
             Senate. Hopefully, there will be others who will be able 
             to speak the way we speak.
                                              Friday, November 19, 2004
               Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I would like to make some 
             comments  about  our  friends  who  are  departing  the  
             Senate. * * *
               I also want to say how much I am going to miss Fritz 
             Hollings, an amazing man; protector of the consumers, 
             guardian of the budget. * * *
               Thank you very much.

               Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I want to close by 
             associating myself with the remarks of the Senator from 
             California and her regards and respect to the other 
             retiring Members.

               Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. President, while the Senate 
             is holding in abeyance for the final omnibus 
             appropriations bill that the House is getting ready to 
             file sometime tonight, I want to take the opportunity to 
             pay tribute to our retiring Senators: Tom Daschle, Fritz 
             Hollings, Don Nickles, John Breaux, Ben Nighthorse 
             Campbell, John Edwards, Peter Fitzgerald, Zell Miller, and 
             Bob Graham.
               I wish to make a speech about each one of these Senators 
             who has become a dear friend, in some cases, over the 
             years, such as Fritz and Peatsy Hollings, who took special 
             interest in me as I came to the Senate and made sure I got 
             on his Commerce Committee, which has been just an 
             extraordinary experience with him as chairman, as well as 
             with the present chairman, John McCain. * * *
               So for all of these names I have mentioned, in the great 
             poem ``Ulysses,'' ``I am a part of all that I have met,'' 
             and I am a part of all these great Senators. I am much 
             richer for it and for having been their friend.

               Mr. LAUTENBERG. I talked before about Tom Daschle. I 
             also will discuss the rest of our colleagues who are 
             leaving the Senate.
               When the 109th Congress convenes in January, nine of our 
             current colleagues will not be here. I take a few moments 
             to pay tribute to them. Collectively, our colleagues have 
             served in the Senate for 144 years. We will miss them.
               First of all, Fritz Hollings, the most senior Member 
             leaving the Senate at this time, had a distinguished 
             career in public service. It started in 1942, the same 
             year I joined the Army. After he graduated from the 
             Citadel and he received a commission from the U.S. Army, 
             he served as an officer in the North African and European 
             campaigns in World War II. He had a lot of time in combat. 
             He got the Bronze Star and seven campaign ribbons.
               In 1948 he was elected to the South Carolina House of 
             Representatives. Ten years later, and still only 36, Fritz 
             Hollings was elected Governor of South Carolina. As 
             Governor, he showed his fearlessness and independence as a 
             progressive southern Democrat, especially when he 
             integrated Clemson University.
               In 1966, Fritz was elected to the Senate. I don't have 
             time to list all of the things he has done in 30 years in 
             the Senate or 56 years in public office, but early in his 
             Senate career Fritz focused on poverty and hunger that 
             gripped the rural South and urban areas of the country. In 
             1968, he embarked on his now famous hunger tours. In 1970, 
             he wrote about what he saw in a highly acclaimed book 
             entitled The Case Against Hunger: A Demand for a National 
             Policy. What a wonderful program that was.
               He followed up by co-authoring a bill that created the 
             Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and 
             Children. We call it WIC.
               In 1972, continuing this very active campaign of writing 
             legislation, he wrote the National Coastal Zone Management 
             Act, the Nation's first land use law designed to protect 
             coastal wetlands. He played a pivotal role in establishing 
             the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
             Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Ocean Dumping Act, and 
             the Fishery Conservation Management Act.
               Perhaps he is best known for his tireless fight for fair 
             trade and being a true fiscal conservative. Who can forget 
             Gramm-Rudman-Hollings? I served with him many years on the 
             Committee on the Budget and I can attest to his 
             determination to put our Nation on the pay-as-you-go path 
             rather than burdening future generations with escalating 
             Federal deficits and debt.
               On a parochial note, I thank the Senator from South 
             Carolina on behalf of the people of New Jersey. After 
             September 11, he made our ports safer by helping to get 
             security funding for our ports. Fritz Hollings gallantly 
             laid out an inspiring vision for the future of passenger 
             rail service in our country. Through it all, Fritz 
             Hollings has always been a southern gentleman and a 
             Senator's Senator.
               Fritz's remarks in committee and his speeches in the 
             Senate have always been worth listening to even if some of 
             us had difficulty deciphering them. He has been a true 
             original, and the Senate will be poorer for his departure.
               I know he wants to spend more time with his beloved 
             Peatsy, his children, and his seven grandchildren.
               Fritz, we will miss you. I never stop being surprised 
             when Fritz Hollings recalls things he did 20 or 40 years 
             ago and recall them with fairly precise detail. He always 
             has colorful language--except in places like the Senate--
             that attract attention and yet he completes his serious 
             mission with humor, candor, and courage.
               I ask unanimous consent a press release entitled ``38 
             Years in the Senate, 38 of His Greatest Hits'' be printed 
             in the Record.
               There being no objection, the material was ordered to be 
             printed in the Record, as follows:
                   38 Years in the Senate, 38 of His Greatest Hits
                             Tuesday, November 16, 2004
               Washington, DC.--In 38 years in the U.S. Senate, Fritz 
             Hollings has compiled one of the most remarkable 
             legislative records of any Senator in the last century. 
             From his first days in office to his last, he has written 
             legislation that has changed America. Following are 38 
             ways the Nation will remember him:
               1. Started the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) 
             Program, one of the most successful government health care 
             measures ever undertaken. It has reduced infant mortality, 
             low birth rates, and premature births. Today, WIC provides 
             nutritional counseling and access to health services for 
             low-income women and children in 10,000 nationwide 
             clinics. Impetus for the program came from Senator 
             Hollings's 1970 book The Case Against Hunger.
               2. Championed the Community Health Center Program to 
             bring medical care to low-income Americans. In 1969, South 
             Carolina opened one of the first community health centers 
             in the Nation, and today the centers nationally provide 
             primary and preventive health services for 10 million 
             patients in underserved communities.
               3. Initiated the nationwide breast and cervical cancer 
             screening program. Begun in 1990 as a project in South 
             Carolina and five other States, the program quickly 
             expanded to a highly successful national effort. Through 
             the years, Senator Hollings also has led efforts to 
             significantly boost funds for cancer research and to 
             double the National Institutes of Health's budget.
               4. The father of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy 
             (CAFE) Standards, Senator Hollings wrote the law in 1975 
             forcing automakers to build more fuel-efficient cars. 
             Thirty years later, CAFE standards save more than 3 
             million barrels of oil per day.
               5. Authored the Aviation Security Act immediately after 
             September 11. It created the Transportation Security 
             Administration and set up the screening system now 
             underway for airport passengers. Always a strong believer 
             in the need for security, Senator Hollings knew the 
             aviation system, and America's economy, would not recover 
             without government's help. He authored the legislation at 
             age 80.
               6. Authored the Maritime Security Act, also immediately 
             following September 11. Concerned for many years that 
             ports and borders were the weak link in America's security 
             system, he pushed the legislation through--the first ever 
             aimed at increasing security at America's ports.
               7. The father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
             Administration (NOAA), he established the agency in just 
             his fourth year in office. He did it at a time when the 
             ocean was not the popular topic it is today. In 2000, he 
             created the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy to help 
             Congress determine the future of the Nation's oceans.
               8. Authored the National Coastal Zone Management Act of 
             1972, which established Federal policy for protecting 
             coastal areas. It also authorized grants to States to 
             establish and operate coastal zone management programs.
               9. A friend of marine mammals, he wrote the legislation 
             in 1972 to protect whales, dolphins, sea otters, and other 
             mammals. It became the model for other countries.
               10. Authored the Ocean Dumping Act of 1976, which 
             extended Federal authority over previously unregulated 
             dumping of pollutants in the ocean. It banned dumping by 
             U.S. vessels, or vessels sailing from a U.S. port.
               11. Wrote the Oil Spill Bill in 1990, following the 
             disaster of the Exxon Valdez. Senator Hollings led the 
             Senate investigation of the oil spill, and pushed the 
             legislation requiring more effective cleanup, and forced 
             oil companies to use double-hull ships, which are less 
             likely to have a spill.
               12. At the forefront of promoting American technology, 
             he created the Advanced Technology Program in the Commerce 
             Department, which invests in high-risk research projects 
             that promise big payoffs and widespread benefits to the 
             Nation.
               13. Co-authored Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, the landmark 
             legislation that broke budget gridlock in the mid-
             eighties. By making automatic spending cuts, it reversed 
             20 years of increased Federal spending and cut tens of 
             billions from the budget deficit.
               14. Was the first Senator to decry the practice of 
             looting Social Security, and made truth in budget 
             reporting a priority. In 1990, his legislation required 
             that the President and Congress, when reporting a budget, 
             do not count Social Security surpluses to mask the true 
             size of the deficit.
               15. Has been the voice for fiscal sanity on the Senate 
             floor for three decades, but too often the lone voice. 
             Twenty-two years ago, he was the first to offer a budget 
             freeze, and has offered them many times since. He has 
             slammed tax-cutting Republicans for voodoo economics. He 
             promised he would jump off the Capitol dome if ever there 
             was a balanced budget, but because too few listened to the 
             only original member of the Senate Budget Committee, the 
             country has a $600 billion deficit, and Senator Hollings 
             retires without jumping.
               16. The Senate's loudest voice on trade issues, he 
             opposed NAFTA, GATT, and trade deals with China and 
             Africa--all of which have sent massive jobs overseas. Time 
             has proven him right. He opposed giving the President 
             fast-track negotiating authority, constantly reminding his 
             colleagues of Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution: 
             ``Congress shall have power to regulate commerce with 
             Foreign Nations.''
               17. Textile's best friend in the Senate, he has 
             pressured every President since Lyndon Johnson to protect 
             the industry so important to South Carolina.
               18. Created the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
             Centers in 1988 to help small manufacturers survive and 
             grow. Now with 350 locations around the country, they 
             annually help almost 20,000 companies. In honor of the 
             Senator, Federal legislation was passed to rename them the 
             Hollings Centers.
               19. A friend of the consumer, he created a competitive 
             telecommunications industry through the Telecommunications 
             Act of 1996, the first major rewrite of the Communications 
             Act of 1934. He fought to ensure it provided new services 
             to consumers at affordable rates.
               20. Strengthened online privacy and gave Internet users 
             control over their own personal data with legislation he 
             authored in 2000 and 2002.
               21. Gave millions of Americans freedom from 
             telemarketers, by co-authoring the do-not-call list law in 
             2002, and the law that banned computer voiced telephone 
             calls and restricted junk faxes in 1991. Calling it 
             ``telephone terrorism'' Senator Hollings has given tens of 
             millions of Americans quiet evenings at home.
               22. Reined in the cable TV monopolies, as the driving 
             force in the early nineties for the Cable and Consumer 
             Protections Act. Persistent service and rate abuses by TV 
             cable companies around the country prompted Senator 
             Hollings to lead the charge in giving the Federal 
             Communications Commission authority to regulate basic 
             cable TV rates and set minimum service standards.
               23. Authored the 1990 Children's TV Act, requiring 
             stations to carry educational programming for children and 
             limiting the amount of commercials aired during children's 
             programming.
               24. Wrote laws to drug-test transportation employees and 
             military enlistees. By requiring mandatory random drug and 
             alcohol testing for safety-sensitive transportation 
             employees, he has made America's roads safer. The law has 
             allowed the military to confront drug abuse in uniform and 
             has significantly increased overall readiness.
               25. Was one of the first to rebuild America's defense in 
             the eighties, authoring amendments in the 1980 budget that 
             provided the first significant increase in defense 
             spending in the post-Vietnam era.
               26. Saved the Department of Education through budget 
             amendments, after Ronald Reagan took office with the 
             express purpose of abolishing the Department. In the mid-
             nineties he stopped House Republicans from radically 
             cutting student loan programs.
               27. Authored energy conservation standards for Federal 
             buildings, during the 1970 energy crisis, resulting in 
             millions of dollars of savings for taxpayers.
               28. Led the efforts to fund innovative law enforcement 
             programs, such as Community Oriented Policing Services 
             (COPS) that put more than 100,000 police officers on the 
             streets in 13,000 communities across the country.
               29. To prevent crime that has hit American schools, he 
             steered through the Senate his Safe Schools Initiative, 
             putting police officers on patrol in schools nationwide.
               30. Authored legislation to nail criminals involved in 
             church burnings, by strengthening Federal authority to 
             prosecute them.
               31. For the first time in American history, he got the 
             full Congress to give its highest honor, the Congressional 
             Gold Medal, to a farmer, gas attendant, maid, and preacher 
             for the hardships they faced in desegregating South 
             Carolina's schools. The medals were presented in 2004, the 
             50th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education.
               32. Champion for American Embassies across the world, he 
             fought hard to ensure government preserves their historic 
             significance.
               33. The longest serving junior Senator in American 
             history, he served 36 years as a junior Senator before 
             becoming South Carolina's senior Senator at age 81 in 
             2003.
               34. As Governor of South Carolina from 1959 to 1963, he 
             was the first modern southern Governor to bring about 
             economic and social progress. He started South Carolina's 
             technical education system that now trains 235,000 
             students annually; balanced the State's budget for the 
             first time in 65 years; obtained the State's first AAA 
             bond rating; traveled 200,000 miles around the world to 
             bring industry to South Carolina; and peacefully 
             integrated Clemson University while other southern 
             Governors resisted the civil rights movement.
               35. Was the Senator with no poll in his pocket. He gave 
             unforgettable floor speeches where he spoke his mind and 
             told the truth. No one dared debate him, because they'd 
             lose.
               36. He brought different points of view to complex 
             situations and identified solutions long before others 
             recognized there were even problems.
               37. Though many of his favorite bills never passed, he 
             never stopped pushing for what he believed. He is still 
             calling for tax hikes to pay for the war on terrorism; 
             legislation to protect children from violence on 
             television; and a constitutional amendment permitting 
             limits on campaign expenditures, preventing wealthy 
             candidates and their friends from buying elections.
               38. He leaves at the top of his game, writing meaningful 
             legislation for America and working for his constituents 
             until his last day in office.

               It  is  amazing  to  see  how  many  things  Fritz  
             Hollings has  touched  in  his  life. Once  again, he  
             will  be  sorely missed. * * *
               I close my remarks by noting that these men have made 
             remarkable contributions to our society, and all Americans 
             should be grateful. I would tell those who are retiring, I 
             retired 4 years ago, and I did not like it. So here I am. 
             Perhaps there is hope for any of them who want to rejoin. 
             If you want to come back, I am here to tell you it can be 
             done. Just make sure that you get to keep your seniority.
               Mr. President, I yield the floor and thank my colleagues 
             for their indulgence while I made my remarks.

               Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, let me say--this is probably 
             the first and only time I have ever said this--I have been 
             listening carefully to my friend from New Jersey, and I 
             agree with everything he said.

               Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I know the hour is getting late 
             and others want to be heard, but I briefly want to express 
             some thoughts about our colleagues who are leaving this 
             wonderful body. Today we have heard some very compelling 
             speeches, particularly the one given by my good friend, 
             Tom Daschle of South Dakota, our Democratic leader.
               I was pleased to see so many of our colleagues remain on 
             the floor to listen to the departing Democratic leader. 
             The words he expressed about his State, his staff, his 
             colleagues, his feelings about the country, and the 
             future, are instructive. I know it can sound repetitive 
             when people hear us talk about our colleagues this way, 
             but I think it is important for the public to note that 
             while they might hear only about the bickering, the part 
             that you do not often see is the deep respect, affection, 
             and caring that goes on among the Members of this body. 
             This affection comes despite the differences that exist in 
             red States and blue States, or being strongly conservative 
             or strongly liberal.
               There is this weaving of a common denominator through 
             each and every one of us, particularly after years of 
             common service in this remarkable institution we call the 
             Senate. There is a deep and abiding respect for those who 
             have come here, those who have served here, those who have 
             tried to make a difference for our country.
               It may seem like it is inside discussion, but I hope the 
             public understands how deeply felt these comments are 
             about colleagues who will no longer have the pleasure of 
             spending each and every day in this Chamber, but whose 
             friendship and collegiality will continue in the years 
             ahead as we encounter each other in different walks of 
             life.
               Fritz Hollings has now served with two generations of my 
             family. He served with my father briefly, and over the 
             last 24 years we have served together in this Chamber. I 
             have not had the pleasure of serving with Fritz Hollings, 
             except once on the Budget Committee for a few years.
               We have become very good friends though. We have 
             traveled together. We have spent a lot of time together. I 
             have been to his State. I have gone to South Carolina at 
             his invitation to speak to South Carolinians. Inviting 
             this swamp Yankee from Connecticut to come south of the 
             Mason-Dixon line was a source of tremendous joy and 
             pleasure, especially to be with Fritz Hollings, his lovely 
             wife Peatsy, and their constituents not too many months 
             ago, on a St. Patrick's Day event in Charleston, SC.
               Fritz Hollings has done a remarkable job for his State 
             of South Carolina, as well as for his Nation, beginning 
             with his career in the military, serving in North Africa 
             and in Europe during World War II. He was awarded the 
             Bronze Star and seven campaign ribbons; elected to South 
             Carolina's House of Representatives at the age of 26, the 
             youngest Governor in that State in the 20th century; and 
             during his 4 years as Governor, balanced the State budget, 
             dramatically improving South Carolina's economy.
               He was elected to the Senate in 1964. His resume 
             included an incredible list of legislative 
             accomplishments. Anyone who would have accomplished any 
             one of these things could have considered their career a 
             successful one. He was the author of the Women, Infants 
             and Children Program, the WIC Program. During my early 
             years in the Senate, I had the pleasure of working with 
             him on the famous Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act in 1985, which 
             was called by the Brookings Institution one of the most 
             significant pieces of legislation in the 20th century.
               He wrote the first law designed to protect our coastal 
             wetlands, and initiated a nationwide effort to encourage 
             women to screen themselves for breast and cervical cancer.
               Over the past few years he spoke forcefully about the 
             dangers facing this country due to the outsourcing of 
             jobs.
               Senator Hollings has always been a strong and loud voice 
             against fiscal irresponsibility in our government and in 
             favor of creating American jobs.
               Fritz is an American original. The Senate is not likely 
             to see his like here again. Whatever else you may have 
             thought, he was direct and forceful, and spoke with great 
             passion about the things he believed in. It is the kind of 
             public service and the kind of stewardship in this body 
             that others could duplicate in years to come. They would 
             do well to follow the example of Fritz Hollings, a 
             wonderful Senator, a delightful friend. I shall miss his 
             service here, but I am very confident I will see him over 
             and over again in years to come. And I wish, as my 
             colleagues have, that he, Peatsy, and his family have many 
             years of joyful retirement. * * *
               I apologize for taking this extra time. It is important 
             that the public hear Members talk about each other, even 
             those who disagreed on matters, that they understand why 
             this institution works more than 230 years after the 
             Founders created it.
               I, as a Senator from Connecticut, take unique pride in 
             the Senate because it was Roger Sherman and Oliver 
             Ellsworth, both of Connecticut, who offered at the 
             Constitutional Convention the idea of the Senate 
             representing small and large States. Arguing over a 
             unicameral system, Sherman and Ellsworth said, how about 
             having a second body with equal representation, regardless 
             of the size or the population of the State. As a result, 
             this institution was created. It has been a great place 
             that has served our Nation for so long and I am confident 
             it will in the future.
               We have been blessed by the participation of those who 
             are leaving. All of us wish each and every one of them the 
             very best in the years to come.

               Mr. CONRAD. Mr. President, for the past 38 years, 
             Senator Hollings has served the State of South Carolina in 
             the U.S. Senate with honor, grace, and, most famously, a 
             fiery wit. It is an understatement to say that the Senate 
             will not be the same without him. During his 38-year 
             career, he has been an outspoken champion of fiscal 
             discipline, an early proponent of maintaining Social 
             Security solvency, and a fighter against trade agreements 
             that put the domestic textile industry at an unfair 
             disadvantage.
               I will particularly miss Senator Hollings whenever I 
             attend meetings of the Budget Committee. Senator Hollings 
             is the only Senator who has served on the Senate Budget 
             Committee since it was created in 1974. As the last of the 
             original members of the committee, his institutional 
             knowledge and passion for fiscal discipline will be 
             missed.
               Budget issues have always been a passion of Senator 
             Hollings, and he shares my penchant for using charts to 
             prove a point. Senator Hollings's favorite chart shows 
             gross debt, and I am sure he will be taking it with him 
             when he leaves. Senator Hollings was tireless in his 
             efforts to educate his Senate colleagues and the public on 
             the dangers of gross Federal debt and the need to use 
             honest numbers in describing our budget outlook. His 
             dedication to bringing truth to budgeting was unsurpassed.
               Senator Hollings also relentlessly defended Section 
             13301 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990--
             requiring official budget numbers to exclude Social 
             Security. As a number of OMB and CBO Directors came to 
             discover, Senator Hollings was not one to sit quietly 
             through a Budget Committee hearing while they attempted to 
             obscure deficit figures by including Social Security 
             revenues in their budget calculations.
               Perhaps most of all, Senator Hollings will be remembered 
             for his efforts to protect Social Security, long before 
             protection of this entitlement became fashionable. As we 
             move into a new debate over the future of this vital 
             program, the Nation will surely regret that we did not 
             earlier pay heed to his warnings to prepare for the baby 
             boom retirement by paying down Federal debt. Senator 
             Hollings will be missed in the coming discussion over 
             Social Security, but I am sure he'll make his views well 
             known with his uncanny ability to describe complex issues 
             in simple and straightforward terms.
               Finally, I will remember Senator Hollings for his fierce 
             criticism of trade agreements that threatened the textile 
             and agricultural sectors of South Carolina. He spoke out 
             against GATT and NAFTA, and continued to fight for fair 
             trade throughout his service. His strong opposition to 
             unfair trade agreements will be sorely missed by the 
             workers and farmers for whom he fought.
               Given his long history in the Senate, and his penchant 
             for speaking out with a cutting wit on important issues, I 
             know that Senator Hollings will continue to fight for the 
             causes in which he believes. However, his individuality, 
             his respect for learning the complexities of issues, and 
             his dedication to South Carolina and the United States 
             will be missed in the Senate. I wish him well as he heads 
             home to Charleston, and thank him for his many years of 
             hard work.

               Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the retirement of our 
             colleague from South Carolina, Mr. Hollings, signals the 
             end of an era in southern politics. He succeeded as few in 
             our section of the country did in leading us through a 
             troubled time of transition. From segregation to 
             integration in our public schools, and from an agrarian 
             economy to a more modern and diversified industrial 
             economy, he led with political courage and keen insight 
             about what was right and what was wrong, and what was 
             hopeless and what was possible.
               I have always admired Fritz Hollings because he acted on 
             his convictions. But, he was not a gadfly. His efforts to 
             enact new budget rules under the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 
             bill were an example of his effective leadership to impose 
             restraints on Federal spending.
               He was an effective leader on the Budget Committee, the 
             Appropriations Committee, and the Commerce Committee in a 
             wide range of issues including national defense, trade, 
             communications, ocean policy, budget policy, education, 
             and foreign relations.
               I always enjoyed hearing Fritz tell stories about his 
             fellow southern Governors. He will be missed for many 
             reasons, but especially for always being himself, without 
             pretense or apology.

               Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I rise to pay tribute to 
             some of my colleagues who will be leaving the Senate at 
             the end of this session. * * *
               The Senate is also losing a legend with the retirement 
             of Senator Fritz Hollings. For 38 years, he has fought for 
             South Carolina, bringing home jobs and economic 
             development, and he has made a lasting impression on the 
             lives of Americans across this country.
               Senator Hollings helped start the Women, Infants and 
             Children--WIC Program, one of the most successful 
             government health care measures ever undertaken, helping 
             reduce infant mortality, low birth weights, and premature 
             births nationwide.
               He is the father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
             Administration--NOAA. Senator Hollings pushed through the 
             legislation that created NOAA during his very first term 
             as a Senator.
               And he co-authored Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, the landmark 
             legislation that broke budget gridlock in the mid-
             eighties. By making automatic spending cuts, it reversed 
             20 years of increased Federal spending and cut tens of 
             billions from the budget deficit.
               Senator Hollings's strong leadership and sense of humor 
             will be deeply missed in this Chamber.

               Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise today to take this 
             opportunity to honor our departing colleagues who are 
             leaving the Senate. In almost each new Congress a 
             different group of 100 men and women comes together from 
             different backgrounds and political philosophies, 
             representing different interests and constituencies, but 
             through all our differences, we develop respect and 
             admiration for each other. Many times we step across the 
             aisle and work together on legislation and oftentimes 
             genuine friendships are created. As I pay tribute to these 
             departing Senators, whether they have been here one term 
             or seven, they are a remarkable group and we thank them 
             for their honorable service.
               Ernest ``Fritz'' Hollings devoted his entire adult life 
             to public service. He admirably served 7 terms as a U.S. 
             Senator and today he is the fourth most senior Member of 
             the Senate, and he also holds the distinction of being the 
             longest serving junior Senator in history.
               His service to our country began immediately after he 
             graduated from the Citadel in 1942 when he received a 
             commission from the U.S. Army. Throughout his honorable 
             military service Senator Hollings received the Bronze Star 
             and seven campaign ribbons. He served as an officer in the 
             North African and European campaigns during World War II.
               After returning from the war, Fritz attended the 
             University of South Carolina School of Law where he 
             completed his Juris Doctorate in less than 3 years. At the 
             age of 26, Fritz Hollings launched his public service 
             career when he was elected to the South Carolina House of 
             Representatives. He went on to become speaker pro tempore, 
             Lieutenant Governor, and at the age of 36, Governor of 
             South Carolina becoming the youngest man in the 20th 
             century to be elected Governor of South Carolina.
               It has been a great honor to work with Fritz Hollings 
             over these many years. We were able to work together while 
             serving on the Senate Budget Committee and the Senate 
             Appropriations Committee together. He consistently fought 
             for fiscal responsibility and a reliable government for 
             the people.
               As a principal author of the 1996 Telecommunications 
             Act, Senator Hollings was a perfect candidate to serve as 
             the ranking member on the Commerce, Science, and 
             Transportation Committee during the 108th Congress. 
             Through this position, Senator Hollings developed 
             legislation to strengthen national security for our 
             Nation's port, railroad, and aviation systems.
               Senator Hollings has served the Senate in so many ways 
             over the past 42 years it is impossible to know where to 
             begin showcasing his contributions. Therefore, I would 
             just like to say that he has continued over the years to 
             work to better not only the lives of South Carolinians, 
             but all the people of our Nation.
               Senator Hollings will certainly be missed around here. I 
             bid him farewell and extend my best wishes to him and his 
             family.
                                            Saturday, November 20, 2004
               Mrs. HUTCHISON. Madam President, I rise to say goodbye 
             to several of my colleagues, dear friends and colleagues 
             with whom I have had the pleasure to work in the Senate.
               From the day I first arrived in the Senate, until today, 
             Senator Hollings has been a force in the Senate. His 
             institutional memory, his command of the issues, and his 
             speaking style are recognized from both sides of the 
             aisle.
               He has been a tireless advocate of his State and his 
             political beliefs, earning him a role as one of the 
             Senate's elder statesmen.
               Senator Hollings fought in World War II, won his first 
             election at age 26, served as the youngest Governor of his 
             State, and was elected to seven terms in the Senate. 
             Incredibly, Fritz Hollings was in public service since 
             1948 and somehow managed to be his State's junior Senator 
             until 2 years ago. It must be something in the water in 
             South Carolina.
               During his career, Senator Hollings has had an impact on 
             a wide range of legislation, including measures to protect 
             the environment, balance the budget, and update 
             telecommunications law.
               I am very appreciative of his initiation of a nationwide 
             effort to combat breast and cervical cancer by utilizing 
             his seat on the Appropriations Committee to secure funding 
             for a pilot screening program. This will be one of the 
             many lasting legacies of Fritz Hollings. * * *
               Madam President, I will miss all of my colleagues. As we 
             take the opportunity to go forward in a new Congress, we 
             will make new friends, but we will never forget the old 
             ones.

               Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, I want to share my views, as 
             did Senator Hutchison and others, about our colleagues who 
             are leaving for new adventures in life.
               I wish all the best to Senator Hollings. We will miss 
             his booming voice. We will miss Senator Edwards, Senator 
             Graham of Florida, and Senator Daschle. We will also miss 
             John Breaux, a man we know will enjoy life with his good 
             common sense and sense of humor. He is a good friend.

               Mr. REID. Mr. President, I want to spend a few minutes 
             talking about the Senators who will not be here when the 
             Senate starts over again this January. The first I ever 
             heard about Senator Fritz Hollings was while watching a 
             television program where Senator Hollings was running for 
             President, and he said, during a Presidential debate, when 
             the issue of the day was whether there should be a nuclear 
             freeze, which had been propounded by Alan Cranston, 
             another candidate, when asked about the nuclear freeze, 
             Senator Hollings said, ``Until a few days ago, I thought 
             this was a new kind of dessert.'' That wit is typical of 
             Fritz Hollings.
               Mr. President, Fritz Hollings is a man who is, as far as 
             I am concerned, the epitome of what it means to be a 
             Senator. He is a person who looks the role and is 
             everything that I am not--tall, handsome, with flowing 
             white hair, and very articulate. This is a man who was one 
             of the original southern politicians who thought it was 
             appropriate to start talking about the evils of 
             segregation. Fritz Hollings is a man with a great voice, a 
             great sense of humor; and he is somebody for whom I have 
             the greatest respect. I will miss him so much.
               He, Peatsy, and I have traveled. He is someone who has 
             been so good to the State of South Carolina. I have been 
             to his home. He has given me a tour of Columbia, SC, where 
             he is a legend in his own time. He showed me the place 
             where he was born.
               I want to extend through the magic of television to 
             everyone within the sound of my voice the fact that Fritz 
             Hollings is a great Senator and will go down in the 
             history of the Senate as one of the great Senators.
               I also want Fritz and Peatsy to know how much I care for 
             them, and I appreciate very much their generosity and 
             friendship to Landra and me over these many years.

               Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I rise to join my colleagues 
             in tribute to Senator Ernest ``Fritz'' Hollings. I will 
             miss my good friend from South Carolina, who in 2003, at 
             the age of 81, finally became his State's senior Senator--
             after 36 years as a junior Senator.
               In addition to being remembered as a co-author of the 
             Gramm-Rudman-Hollings legislation that cut tens of 
             billions of dollars from the Federal budget deficit, Fritz 
             Hollings has left an indelible mark on our Nation in the 
             areas of health care, environmental protection, resource 
             conservation, technology development, job creation, 
             transportation security, and law enforcement, to name a 
             few.
               Immediately after the September 11, 2001, terrorist 
             attacks on America, Senator Hollings worked to protect the 
             safety of our traveling public by authoring the Aviation 
             Security Act which created the Transportation Security 
             Administration. Similarly, recognizing that America's 
             ports and borders were our Nation's weak security links, 
             Senator Hollings championed legislation to increase 
             security at America's ports.
               As the father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
             Administration, Senator Hollings recognized the extent to 
             which the ocean environment sustains us--from human uses 
             in commerce and recreation to being the original cradle of 
             life on our planet. He knew the importance of taking 
             appropriate steps to be responsible stewards of this rich, 
             yet fragile resource.
               His oceans legacy includes authorship of the National 
             Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, which established 
             Federal policy for protecting coastal areas, and the 
             Marine Mammal Protection Act, which also became the model 
             for other countries, for the protection of dolphins, sea 
             otters and other mammals. In a continuing effort to do 
             what is best for our ocean environment, Senator Hollings 
             created the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy in 2000, to 
             review the accomplishments of the last 30 years, and 
             recommend actions for the future. Upon the issuance of the 
             report, Senator Hollings laid the groundwork for 
             legislation to adopt the recommendations of the Ocean 
             Commission. I am the proud co-sponsor of two of those 
             measures, S. 2647, the Fritz Hollings National Ocean 
             Policy and Leadership Act, and S. 2648, the Ocean Research 
             Coordination and Advancement Act.
               Beyond the oceans, Senator Hollings worked to make our 
             communities and schools safer, through programs such as 
             Community Oriented Policing Services--COPS--that put more 
             than 100,000 police officers on the streets in 13,000 
             communities across the country. The COPS Program is also 
             the largest source of dedicated funding for interoperable 
             communications for public safety officers.
               Senator Hollings brought competition to the 
             telecommunications arena which resulted in new services to 
             consumers at affordable rates.
               I will miss Senator Hollings's wisdom, vision, and wit, 
             but, most of all, his friendship.
               I wish Fritz and his wife Peatsy a fond aloha.

               Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I rise today to pay tribute to 
             a legend of a man who has spent his career dedicated to 
             working for the great people of South Carolina. There is 
             nothing small about Senator Hollings. From his height, to 
             his storied career, to his large booming voice and 
             southern drawl you can always hear calling ``yea'' or 
             ``nay'' during rollcall votes, Senator Hollings is a 
             giant. A reporter once said that if you sent to central 
             casting for a Senator, you got Fritz Hollings. I have had 
             the pleasure of serving with Senator Hollings for all 30 
             of my years in the Senate and during that time he, and his 
             wife Peatsy, have been dear friends.
               Before setting foot in this Chamber, Senator Hollings 
             had amassed a career that any man would be proud of. He 
             attended the Citadel, the military college of South 
             Carolina, and upon his graduation in 1942 accepted a 
             commission in the U.S. Army. He served our country 
             honorably in the campaigns in North Africa and Europe 
             during World War II, and received a Bronze Star for his 
             valor. Senator Hollings began his political career when he 
             was 26 as he was elected to the South Carolina House of 
             Representatives. During his second term he was voted 
             speaker pro tempore and a short 4 years later he was 
             elected Lieutenant Governor. In 1958 at age 36 he was 
             elected as Governor, the youngest Governor of South 
             Carolina in the 20th century.
               Senator Hollings was first elected to the Senate in 1966 
             and has subsequently been reelected to six additional 
             terms, making him the ninth longest serving Member of this 
             body. Throughout his entire career the Senator has been a 
             leader, fighting to protect our ports, our neighborhoods 
             and American manufacturing jobs. He has been an outspoken 
             advocate for fiscal responsibility, for civil rights and 
             against hunger.
               In 1974, he led the creation of the Women, Infants and 
             Children--WIC--Nutritional Assistance Program. In 1978, he 
             sponsored legislation and helped secure funding for South 
             Carolina's first National Park, Congaree Swamp. He has 
             stood tall in protecting our oceans and coasts. He 
             authored the Marine Mammal Protection Act and the Oceans 
             Act of 2000, which created the U.S. Commission on Ocean 
             Policy.
               Since 1967 Senator Hollings has been a member of the 
             Commerce Committee and from his co-authorship of the 1996 
             Telecommunications Act that deregulated the telecom 
             industry to his work on the FTC ``Do Not Call List,'' he 
             has consistently looked out for the best interests of 
             consumers. In 2000, Senator Hollings and I, along with 
             Senators Sarbanes and Wyden, were successful in beating 
             back the wholesale Federal preemptions of State consumer 
             protection laws during negotiations of the e-commerce bill 
             which I sponsored.
               Senator Hollings is the longest serving Democrat on the 
             Budget Committee, and is the only Democrat to have served 
             on the committee every year since its creation. In 1984 
             Senator Hollings collaborated with Senators Phil Gramm and 
             Warren Rudman to establish the Gramm-Hollings-Rudman 
             deficit reduction legislation that helped reduce the 
             deficit by $70 billion in its first year of enactment.
               I have had the pleasure to serve with Senator Hollings 
             on the Appropriations Committee, where he has served since 
             1971, and is currently the third highest ranking member. 
             From this position he has helped important initiatives 
             both in South Carolina and nationally, such as a cause I 
             have always strongly supported, the battle against cancer. 
             Senator Hollings helped create a nationwide program to 
             screen women for breast and cervical cancer and worked to 
             establish a cancer center at the Medical University of 
             South Carolina that bears his name.
               Earlier this fall more than 600 friends came together to 
             celebrate Senator Hollings's career in the Senate, an 
             event that raised $2 million for the Hollings Cancer 
             Center. We toasted his accomplishments and his incredible 
             career of public service that has spanned more than five 
             decades in State and national politics. I joined this body 
             in 1974 and I immediately learned that Senator Hollings is 
             a man who always speaks his mind. His straightforward 
             manner, dynamic personality and unwavering integrity are 
             qualities that make me proud to call him my friend. I have 
             valued his friendship and his camaraderie over these past 
             30 years, and I wish Fritz and his wife Peatsy the best of 
             lives in their beloved South Carolina.

               Mr. DASCHLE. Today, I would like to say a few words 
             about eight Senators with whom I have served these last 
             historic 6 years, all of whom will be leaving when this 
             Congress ends.
               Senator Nickles, Senator Campbell, Senator Fitzgerald, 
             and Senator Miller, it has been a privilege to work with 
             each of you. You have each sacrificed much to serve our 
             Nation and I am sure you will continue to serve America 
             well in the years to come.
               Six Democratic Senators are leaving at the end of this 
             Congress. * * *
               Another remarkable Senator who is retiring this year is 
             Fritz Hollings.
               I used to joke with Fritz Hollings that he is the real 
             reason C-SPAN first started its closed-caption broadcasts. 
             Fritz's deep Charleston accent, like the man himself, is 
             an American classic.
               When you look inside Fritz Hollings's desk on the Senate 
             floor, you see the names of giants: John Calhoun, Huey 
             Long, Russell Long, Wayne Morse--courageous men who never 
             hesitated to speak their minds. Fritz has earned the right 
             to stand with those legends.
               He was 36 years old when he was elected Governor of 
             South Carolina. As Governor, he wrote the book on 
             governing in the New South. He raised teacher salaries, 
             invested in education and training, and laid the 
             foundation for South Carolina's economic transformation 
             from an agrarian State to a high-tech, high-wage State.
               One of the amazing things about Fritz Hollings is how 
             often he has been able to see the future before others--
             not just on matters of race, but on issue after issue.
               He was the first Deep South Governor to acknowledge the 
             existence of widespread hunger in his State. He was also 
             the first southern Governor to understand that you can't 
             create a modern economy simply by cutting taxes, you have 
             to invest in education and training.
               He has been a relentless advocate of balanced budgets 
             and fiscal discipline since long before they became 
             political buzzwords. In 1984--years before Ross Perot 
             uttered the words, Fritz Hollings made deficit reduction a 
             central plank in his Presidential bid.
               He has been fighting for fair trade, and against the 
             export of American jobs, his entire career. He has been 
             calling for a long-term, comprehensive energy plan since 
             before the first OPEC oil crisis in 1973. He wrote 
             America's first fuel-efficiency standards--in 1975.
               He was in the forefront of the movement to protect 
             America's oceans in the early seventies. He saw the future 
             of telecommunications before a lot of Americans knew what 
             ``surfing the Internet'' meant. He was pushing for 
             increased port and air security before September 11.
               If some people have occasionally found Fritz a little 
             difficult to understand, I suspect it was not so much 
             because of his wonderful Charleston accent but because he 
             was so often ahead of his time.
               Now Fritz and Peatsy are moving home to live full time 
             in their beloved South Carolina, but they will always have 
             a special place in the Senate family. We wish them the 
             very best.
               I have to be honest, Mr. President, it was not my wish 
             to depart with these fine Senators. But it has been my 
             honor and a joy to serve with them, and one that I will 
             remember all the days of my life.

               Mr. McCONNELL. We cannot conclude the 108th Congress 
             without a sense of sadness. There are many--in fact there 
             are too many--great Senators who are leaving this 
             institution. I have already had an opportunity to express 
             my goodbyes to Senator Nickles, Senator Campbell, and 
             Senator Fitzgerald.
               I also wish a happy and healthy future to our colleagues 
             across the aisle, Senator Daschle, Senator Breaux, Senator 
             Hollings, Senator Bob Graham, Senator John Edwards, and 
             Senator Zell Miller. Each of these men has made a lasting 
             contribution to this marvelous institution.

               Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I have served here long 
             enough now that I have witnessed a lot of the comings and 
             goings of many fine public servants whom I have known on 
             the floor of the Senate.
               Today, I would like to comment about those who are 
             leaving us, and I want to start, first, with my good 
             friend from South Carolina. Fritz Hollings and his wife 
             Peatsy are very close friends of ours. They have been 
             friends since we first came to the Senate. Fritz and I 
             served in World War II. We have traveled to places where 
             he served and I served in World War II, and we are 
             comrades in the deepest sense of that word.
               He is a very interesting man. I remember earlier this 
             year, when I was asked to cut a tape to be used at a 
             retirement dinner for Senator Hollings, I told my press 
             secretary I did not think I could do it. As a matter of 
             fact, I ended up appearing in person. As I told my staff, 
             I really cannot conceive of the Senate without Fritz 
             Hollings. It will be a different Senate. We have not 
             always agreed, but we have always been friends.
               There have been good times together. I can remember some 
             of the fish that Fritz and Peatsy caught in Alaska, and I 
             can remember tales about some that they did not catch, the 
             big ones that got away.
               But I do know that having visited with them in their 
             home in South Carolina, and visiting with their friends in 
             Charleston, they have a really great life to go home to. 
             They are wonderful people, and we are going to miss them a 
             great deal.
               I will say this, that when I first heard of Senator 
             Hollings, it was in a story about his role as Governor of 
             South Carolina. He had become Governor, and as he entered 
             the grounds of the Governor's House, he found there were 
             places inside the grounds where prisoners were kept. There 
             were literally, at that time, I think, cells that were 
             partially underground. Fritz did not like that any more 
             than I would have, and he found ways to free those people 
             and to give them another life. As a matter of fact, I 
             remember meeting one of them who was very devoted to 
             Senator Hollings.
               Senator Hollings is a man with a great heart and a great 
             mind and a great spirit and a temper almost as bad as 
             mine. We are going to miss him, miss him terribly.
               I hope he will come back often and visit us. I think he 
             has the longest career of all of those who are retiring, 
             obviously, because he is the oldest. But he was one of the 
             Ten Outstanding Men of the Year in the United States when 
             he was young. I don't like to tell stories about him, but 
             I think he actually attended a Republican Convention at 
             one time.
               As a member of the statehouse, as Governor, and as a 
             member of the Hoover Commission, he distinguished himself 
             in many ways, in commissions where he was appointed by 
             both President Eisenhower and President Kennedy.
               We are losing a man who has had a great role in public 
             service. I hope we will all wish him well as he departs 
             the Senate.

               Mr. HARKIN. Madam President, when the man who sits right 
             next to me across this aisle over here, the senior Senator 
             from South Carolina, Fritz Hollings, retires at the end of 
             this Congress, this body will lose one of its most 
             distinctive and eloquent voices. We will lose a master 
             legislator, a person who will go down in history as one of 
             the truly consequential Senators of the second half of the 
             20th century. Of course, we will lose the presence of a 
             great friend, a colleague whose passion and wit burn just 
             as intensely today as when he first entered this Chamber 
             nearly four decades ago.
               As I said, Senator Hollings sits directly across the 
             aisle to my left, at the desk that was once occupied by 
             another extraordinary individual from South Carolina, 
             Senator John C. Calhoun. But Calhoun was a voice of the 
             Old South, a defender of slavery in the great debates 
             prior to the Civil War. Fritz Hollings, first as Governor, 
             and for the last 38 years as a Senator, has epitomized the 
             New South.
               Fritz Hollings became Governor in 1958, at the tender 
             age of 36. He immediately set about diversifying South 
             Carolina's textile and farming economy. He planted the 
             State thick with technical colleges. He aggressively 
             recruited new industries to the State. But, most 
             important, he set in motion the peaceful transformation of 
             racial relations in South Carolina.
               Now, remember--I remember it well; I was a senior in 
             high school just going into college at that time--this was 
             a time when other southern Governors were pledging massive 
             resistance to integration. They literally stood in the 
             schoolhouse door. They incited people to keep African 
             Americans from going into school or sitting at lunch 
             counters or riding on buses.
               But Fritz Hollings charted a different course as 
             Governor. He showed tremendous leadership, real political 
             courage, as he orchestrated the peaceful integration of 
             Clemson University. So Fritz Hollings epitomizes the New 
             South.
               He also epitomizes the Greatest Generation. In World War 
             II, right out of the Citadel, he served as an Army officer 
             in North Africa and later in Italy earning seven campaign 
             ribbons and the Bronze Star.
               But I have always believed that what made the Greatest 
             Generation truly great was not just what they did during 
             the war but what they did after the war. As I said, Fritz 
             Hollings played a transformational role in South Carolina. 
             Then he came to the Senate, and he played an equally 
             dramatic role on the national stage.
               In 1968, he conducted a series of ``hunger tours'' 
             across South Carolina, exposing poverty and Third World 
             living conditions. He went on to co-author national 
             legislation that created the Supplemental Food Program for 
             Women, Infants and Children, which we now know today as 
             the WIC Program. He championed the Community Health Center 
             Program, bringing medical care to the poor and 
             underprivileged. And now thousands of community health 
             centers dot the landscape in every State of our Union.
               Fritz became a passionate advocate for medical research 
             and the National Institutes of Health, especially cancer 
             research. I know how proud Fritz is of the nationally 
             respected cancer research and treatment center at the 
             Medical University of South Carolina, now known 
             appropriately as the Hollings Cancer Center. In fact, at 
             his farewell gala a couple months ago that I went to 
             downtown, Fritz Hollings raised more than $2 million for 
             the center's programs.
               Well, it would take a long time to stand here and do 
             justice to Senator Hollings's legacy of legislative 
             accomplishments. I will not do so. I am tempted to do so 
             because there is so much there. But those of us who have 
             served with him over the decades know there is no more 
             dedicated fighter for fiscal conservatism in this body or 
             anywhere in this Congress. There is no one who has fought 
             harder for what I call fiscal rationality in our spending 
             and taxing programs than Fritz Hollings.
               There is no one who has done more when it comes to 
             protecting our oceans and coasts. It was Senator Hollings 
             who passed the Coastal Zone Management Act in 1972, the 
             Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, the Oceans Dumping 
             Act of 1976, and the Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996. So 
             the next time you go out to look at whales or you see the 
             dolphins swimming, the next time you walk along a beach 
             and you don't see all that junk washing up on the 
             shoreline, thank Fritz Hollings. He led the charge on it.
               And long before it became fashionable, Fritz Hollings 
             was speaking out against the indiscriminate outsourcing of 
             American jobs, first in the textile industry, then jobs in 
             the steel industry and manufacturing. In literally scores 
             of speeches on this floor, he has educated Members of this 
             body about the fallacies and human costs of so-called free 
             trade. That is not fair trade. He has spoken out with 
             passion and persistence for fair trade and a fair shake 
             for American workers.
               Fritz Hollings leaves a personal legacy in this Senate. 
             We will always remember his sharp mind in debate, his wit, 
             and a very sharp tongue that could cut to the quick and 
             get at the essence of what the debate was all about. And 
             there is no one who had a greater sense of humor or was 
             more generous and more kind than Fritz Hollings. He could 
             craft humor about others, and he could craft humor about 
             himself--a great individual, Fritz Hollings.
               I would be remiss if I did not also publicly pay a big 
             thank you to Fritz Hollings for the opportunity he gave me 
             16 years ago. I had just been elected to the Senate. I was 
             in my first term. It was 1988. Lawton Chiles, who was then 
             a Senator from Florida, was retiring as chairman of the 
             Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human 
             Services, and Education.
               I was a freshman Senator. I was at the bottom of the 
             ladder. So Lawton left that position and went back to 
             Florida. Most of the Democrats ahead of me--the Democrats 
             were in charge at that time--had other subcommittee 
             chairmanships they didn't want to give up. So it came down 
             to Fritz Hollings and me. I knew of the passion that Fritz 
             had for health and education issues. So I assumed he was 
             going to take chairmanship of that subcommittee. But I 
             called up Fritz. I let him know that if he didn't take it, 
             I was next in line, that I always had a great interest in 
             this area. Well, he said he would take that into 
             consideration. I will never forget it. I was at home on a 
             Sunday night. He called me up and said: Well, Tom, I have 
             been thinking about this. He said I would really like to 
             have the Labor, HHS, Education; this is in my interest. I 
             have spent so much time on health issues.
               Well, I thought this was his nice way of telling me, I 
             am sorry, Tom, I am going to take the chairmanship, tough 
             luck. But at the end, he said: Well, I want you to know I 
             am going to stay with the Commerce-State-Justice 
             Subcommittee.
               I could hear him laughing. He had kind of strung me out 
             during this whole phone call, leading me to the point 
             where he was going to say, I am really sorry, Tom, but I 
             am going to take it. Then he turned 180 degrees and said: 
             I am going to stay with Commerce-State-Justice. I could 
             hear him chuckling in the background, knowing that he had 
             given me a great gift.
               It was a huge opening for me as a freshman Senator to 
             chair the second largest Appropriations subcommittee. I 
             will always be grateful for the confidence and the trust 
             that he had in me at that time. I hope I have not 
             disappointed him.
               Fritz Hollings has cast more than 15,000 votes here. He 
             has passed major bill after major bill. He has spoken out 
             courageously on issues of war and peace, trade and budget, 
             civil rights and human rights. He has been a voice for the 
             poor and for the sick and for those who have no voice in 
             the political arena. I know Fritz is very fond of a 
             particular quote from Elihu Root, Teddy Roosevelt's 
             Secretary of State. Those of us who were at the farewell 
             banquet for Fritz in September heard him repeat it on that 
             occasion. He said:

               Politics is the practical art of self government, and 
             someone must attend to it if we are going to have self 
             government. The principal ground of reproach against any 
             American citizen should be that he is not a politician.

               For more than five decades, Fritz Hollings has been a 
             proud politician, an extraordinary public servant, one of 
             the truly magnificent Senators in the history of this 
             body. We will remember his legacy. I am going to miss him 
             as a friend and as someone I could converse with, gain 
             insight from, and share a laugh with, listening to Fritz 
             go on about fiscal responsibility.
               Peatsy and Fritz have been a team. I was fortunate to 
             have taken a congressional delegation trip with Fritz and 
             Peatsy last December. We went down to Brazil, looking at 
             all the different things in Brazil--everything from rain 
             forests to agriculture to labor conditions. It was truly a 
             magnificent week to spend with Fritz and Peatsy. I will 
             never forget it. I will never forget both of them. So I 
             wish both Fritz and Peatsy a long and wonderful retirement 
             in their beloved Charleston, SC.
                                              Monday, December 20, 2004
               Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, with the retirement of 
             Senator Fritz Hollings, the Senate is losing its fourth 
             most senior member, an extraordinary and important 
             repository of institutional history. The people of South 
             Carolina are losing an outspoken and respected 
             spokesperson for their needs and concerns. All of us who 
             have served with him are losing an effective colleague, a 
             wise counselor, and a good friend.
               Fritz Hollings has spent well over half a century in 
             public service, beginning with nearly 3 years of military 
             service during World War II in the North African and 
             European theaters. He returned to civilian life, received 
             his law degree at the University of South Carolina, and in 
             1948 was elected to the South Carolina House of 
             Representatives, where he served three terms, two of them 
             as the House speaker pro tempore. In 1954 he was elected 
             Lieutenant Governor, and 4 years later he was elected 
             Governor. He was then 36 years old--the youngest Governor 
             of South Carolina in the 20th century.
               Over many years and on many issues, Fritz Hollings has 
             shown himself to be a public servant with solid common 
             sense. He is also a visionary. Very early he foresaw the 
             need for technical education, and as Governor nearly 50 
             years ago, he established South Carolina's system of 
             technical colleges. In the late fifties, when other 
             Governors in the South were setting out plans to preserve 
             legal segregation notwithstanding the Supreme Court's 
             decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the young 
             Governor of South Carolina rallied the people of his State 
             to comply with the law. ``He managed the peaceful 
             integration of Clemson University back when other Southern 
             Governors were fighting to keep their universities all-
             white,'' Mike Wallace has observed.
               The people of South Carolina, the Members of this body, 
             and people in every corner and region of the United States 
             have seen Fritz Hollings's forceful combination of common 
             sense and vision at work on issues like hunger, the 
             environment, jobs, and fiscal policy. Soon after coming to 
             the Senate, he helped focus the Nation's attention on 
             hunger; WIC, the Women, Infants and Children's Special 
             Supplemental Food Program, was modeled on a pilot program 
             in South Carolina. For more than three decades he has 
             played a major part in the vital movement first to 
             establish, then to maintain and strengthen the legislative 
             framework for protection of the natural environment. It 
             was Fritz Hollings who wrote this Nation's first land-use 
             law to protect coastal wetlands. Admiral James Watkins, 
             USN (Ret.), who chairs the U.S. Commission on Ocean 
             Policy, recently recognized his efforts saying: ``Senator 
             Hollings' tireless work on behalf of this Nation's oceans 
             and coasts will help preserve and protect our precious 
             marine and coastal resources for generations to come . . . 
             . (including) his work to establish the National Oceanic 
             and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) over 30 years ago . 
             . . .''
               It was his concern for jobs in South Carolina that led 
             him to establish the State's technical colleges while 
             Governor, and in recent years has made him a forceful 
             critic of policies that facilitate outsourcing. ``In South 
             Carolina,'' according to the Chief Justice of the State 
             Supreme Court, Jean Toal, ``we have heard him talk about 
             the debt and outsourcing jobs for 30 years, and all of 
             that is now what the American public is so focused on. He 
             was always ahead of his time.''
               Fritz Hollings believes in the good that government can 
             accomplish. In a recent interview on ``Sixty Minutes,'' he 
             said: ``We believe in feeding the hungry, and housing the 
             homeless, and educating the uninformed and everything else 
             like that . . . in `We the people in order to form a more 
             perfect Union.' '' In his many years of service to the 
             people of South Carolina and of this Nation, Fritz 
             Hollings has faithfully honored that principle. His common 
             sense, his vision, and his great humor will be missed, but 
             surely not forgotten.

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