[House Document 106-19]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]





106th Congress, 1st Session - - - - - - - - - - - House Document 106-19

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                EMIGRATION LAWS AND POLICIES OF MONGOLIA

                               __________

                                MESSAGE

                                  from

                   THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

                              transmitting

   AN UPDATED REPORT CONCERNING THE EMIGRATION LAWS AND POLICIES OF 
                MONGOLIA, PURSUANT TO 19 U.S.C. 2432(b)





  February 11, 1999.--Message and accompanying papers referred to the 
         Committee on Ways and Means and ordered to be printed

                               --------

                    U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE                    
69-011                     WASHINGTON : 1999




To the Congress of the United States:
    On September 4, 1996, I determined and reported to the 
Congress that Mongolia was not in violation of the freedom of 
emigration criteria of sections 402(a) and 409(a) of the Trade 
Act of 1974, as amended. This action allowed for the 
continuation of normal trade relations status for Mongolia and 
certain other activities without the requirements of an annual 
waiver.
    As required by law, I am submitting an updated report to 
the Congress concerning the emigration laws and policies of 
Mongolia. The report indicates continued Mongolian compliance 
with U.S. and international standards in the area of 
emigration.

                                                William J. Clinton.
    The White House, February 11, 1999.



 Report to Congress Concerning Emigration Laws and Policies of Mongolia

    This report is submitted pursuant to sections 402 and 409 
of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (``the Act''), following 
Presidential Determination 96-51 of September 4, 1996, and the 
accompanying report to Congress, that Mongolia is not in 
violation of paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) of sections 402(a) and 
409(a) of the Act.
    All current information indicates that the emigration laws 
and practices of Mongolia continue to satisfy the criteria set 
forth in sections 402(a) and 409(a) of the Act in respect of 
all matters covered in those subsections. Mongolia's ``Law on 
Emigration and Private Trips of Mongolian Citizens Abroad'' has 
been in effect since February 1, 1994. The law gives Mongolian 
citizens the right to move freely within the country, travel 
and emigrate, and return to Mongolia. These rights are 
exercised in fact.
    A passport and exit visa (received for a nominal fee) are 
the only requirements to leave the country. Every citizen has 
the right to return to Mongolia following emigration. Citizens 
may not be forcibly expatriated and may not be deprived of 
citizenship acquired by birth. There are no outstanding 
emigration cases involving the United States and no divided 
family cases in Mongolia.
    In addition to meeting the emigration requirements, 
Mongolia has, since the last report, maintained a positive 
human rights record. The Mongolian Constitution provides for 
freedom of speech, press and expression and for an independent 
judiciary. These freedoms are respected in practice. There has 
been no weakening in the protections afforded basic human 
rights in the country. There are no impediments to monitoring 
human rights developments in Mongolia.
    Politically, Mongolia continues to demonstrate the strength 
of its democracy. On April 17 the Mongolian Cabinet resigned, 
making way for a new government under Deputy Parliament Speaker 
Ts. Elbegdorj. The new Prime Minister took office within three 
days according to established parliamentary procedures. The new 
Prime Minister and his entire Cabinet are, unlike their 
predecessors, elected members of parliament. Prime Minister 
Elbegdorj has committed to continue the economic and political 
reform policies of his predecessor.

                                
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