[House Document 105-283]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



105th Congress, 2d Session - - - - - - - - - - - House Document 105-283


 
               EMIGRATION LAWS AND POLICIES OF MONGOLIA

                               __________

                             COMMUNICATION

                                  from

                   THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

                              transmitting

   AN UPDATED REPORT CONCERNING THE EMIGRATION LAWS AND POLICIES OF 
                MONGOLIA, PURSUANT TO 19 U.S.C. 2432(b)





July 15, 1998.--Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means and ordered 
                             to be printed


                                           The White House,
                                          Washington, July 1, 1998.
Hon. Newt Gingrich,
Speaker of the House of Representatives,
Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Speaker: On September 4, 1996, I determined and 
reported to the Congress that Mongolia was ``not in violation 
of'' the freedom of emigration criteria of sections 402 and 409 
of the Trade Act of 1974. This action allowed for the 
continuation of most-favored-nation status for Mongolia and 
certain other activities without the requirement of an annual 
waiver.
    As required by law, I am submitting an updated report to 
Congress concerning the emigration laws and policies of 
Mongolia. You will find that the report indicates continued 
Mongolian compliance with U.S. and international standards in 
the area of emigration.
            Sincerely,
                                                William J. Clinton.


 Report to Congress Concerning Emigration Laws and Policies of Mongolia

    This report is submitted pursuant to sections 402 and 409 
of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (``the Act''), following 
Presidential Determination Number 96-51 of September 4, 1996, 
and the accompanying report to Congress, that Mongolia is not 
in violation of paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) of sections 402(a) 
and 409(a) of the Act.
    All current information indicates that the emigration laws 
and practices of Mongolia continue to satisfy the criteria set 
forth in sections 402(a) and 409(a) of the Act in respect of 
all matters covered in those subsections. Mongolia's ``Law on 
Emigration and Private Trips of Mongolian Citizens Abroad'' has 
been in effect since February 1, 1994. The law gives Mongolian 
citizens the right to move freely within the country, travel 
and emigrate, and return to Mongolia. These rights are 
exercised in fact.
    A passport and exit visa (received for a nominal fee) are 
the only requirements to leave the country. Every citizen has 
the right to return to Mongolia following emigration. Citizens 
may not be forcibly expatriated and may not be deprived of 
citizenship acquired by birth. There are no outstanding 
emigration cases involving the United States and no divided 
family cases in Mongolia.
    In addition to meeting the emigration requirements, 
Mongolia has, since the last report, maintained a positive 
human rights record. The Mongolian Constitution provides for 
freedom of speech, press and expression and for an independent 
judiciary. These freedoms are respected in practice. There has 
been no weakening in the protections afforded basic human 
rights in the country. There are no impediments to monitoring 
human rights developments in Mongolia.
    Politically, Mongolia continues to demonstrate the strength 
of its democracy. On April 17 the Mongolian Cabinet resigned, 
making way for a new government under Deputy Parliament Speaker 
Ts. Elbegdorj. The new Prime Minister took office within three 
days according to established parliamentary procedures. The new 
Prime Minister and his entire Cabinet are, unlike their 
predecessors, elected members of parliament. Prime Minister 
Elbegdorj has committed to continue the economic and political 
reform policies of his predecessor.

                                
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