[House Document 104-257]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]




104th Congress, 2d Session - - - - - - - - - - - House Document 104-257


 
    ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARYLAND

                               ----------                              

                             COMMUNICATION

                                  from

           THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE ARMY (CIVIL WORKS)

                              transmitting

  A LETTER FROM THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DATED 
  NOVEMBER 15, 1994, SUBMITTING A REPORT WITH ACCOMPANYING PAPERS AND 
                             ILLUSTRATIONS




  September 4, 1996.--Referred to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure and ordered to be printed



                    ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES,

                    DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARYLAND
                                     

104th Congress, 2d Session - - - - - - - - - - - House Document 104-257


                   ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES,

                   DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARYLAND

                               __________

                             COMMUNICATION

                                  from

           THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE ARMY (CIVIL WORKS)

                              transmitting

  A LETTER FROM THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DATED 
  NOVEMBER 15, 1994, SUBMITTING A REPORT WITH ACCOMPANYING PAPERS AND 
                             ILLUSTRATIONS




  September 4, 1996.--Referred to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure and ordered to be printed


                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              
                                                                   Page
Letter of transmittal............................................  xiii
Comments of the Office of Management and Budget..................    xv
Comments of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.........   xvi
Comments of the District of Columbia.............................   xix
Comments of the Department of the Interior.......................    xx
Comments of the Environmental Protection Agency..................   xxi
Comments of the Department of Transportation.....................  xxii
Report of the Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army.........     1
Report of the District Engineer:
    Final Feasibility Report and EIS.............................     5

                                                                        
                                                                Page    
                                                                        
     *                          Cover Sheet.........             5      
     *                          Abstract and                     7      
                                 Syllabus.                              
  1                             Introduction........            10      
  1.1                              Purpose of study.            10      
  1.2                              Study authority..            10      
  1.3                              Study area.......            11      
  1.4                              Scope of study...            11      
  1.5                              Study and report             13      
                                    process.                            
  1.5.1                              Reconnaissance             13      
                                      results.                          
  1.5.2                              Feasibility                14      
                                      study sharing                     
                                      agreement                         
                                      [FCSA].                           
  1.6                                Associated                 14      
                                      environmental                     
                                      restoration                       
                                      efforts.                          
  1.6.1                              Anacostia                          
                                      watershed                         
                                      restoration                       
                                      committee                         
                                      [AWMC]........            15      
  1.6.2                              Six Point                  15      
                                      action plan.                      
  1.7                              Strategy for                 16      
                                    restoration of                      
                                    the Anacostia                       
                                    River Basin.                        
  1.8                              Feasibility study            16      
                                    sponsors and                        
                                    cooperating                         
                                    agencies.                           
  1.8.1                              District of                17      
                                      Columbia                          
                                      sponsoring                        
                                      agencies.                         
  1.8.2                              Regional                   17      
                                      sponsoring                        
                                      agencies.                         
  1.8.3                              State                      18      
                                      sponsoring                        
                                      agencies.                         
  1.8.4                              Local/county               18      
                                      sponsoring                        
                                      agencies.                         
  1.8.5                              Cooperating                19      
                                      landowning                        
                                      agencies.                         
  1.9                              Prior studies and            19      
                                    reports.                            
  1.10                             Existing water               19      
                                    resource                            
                                    projects.                           
  1.10.1                             Reclamation of             22      
                                      Anacostia                         
                                      Flats.                            
  1.10.2                             Washington                 22      
                                      Harbor.                           
  1.10.3                             Washington D.C.            22      
                                      and vicinity.                     
  1.10.4                           Anacostia River                      
                                    and tributaries,                    
                                    District of                         
                                    Columbia and                        
                                    Maryland........            24      
  1.10.5                           Anacostia River                      
                                    and tributaries,                    
                                    Prince George's                     
                                    County, Maryland            24      
  1.11                             Report                       24      
                                    organization.                       
  1.12                             Abbreviations and            25      
                                    acronyms used in                    
                                    this report.                        
  2  *                          Baseline Conditions             27      
                                 & Affected                             
                                 Environment.                           
  2.1                              General                      27      
                                    description of                      
                                    the Anacostia                       
                                    River Basin.                        
  2.1.1                              Physical                   27      
                                      setting.                          
  2.1.1.a                              Physiography.            27      
  2.1.1.b                              Hydrology....            29      
  2.1.1.c                              Land use.....            30      
  2.1.1.d                              Climate......            31      
  2.1.2                              Environmental              31      
                                      resources.                        
  2.1.1.a                              Aquatic                  31      
                                        resources.                      
  2.1.2.b                              Wetlands.....            32      
                                                                        
    NOTE: * Indicates section required for NEPA compliance.             
                                                                        
  2.1.2.c                              Terrestrial              32      
                                        resources.                      
  2.1.2.d                              Rare,                    33      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.1.2.e                              Water quality            34      
  2.1.2.f                              Air quality..            34      
  2.1.2.g                              Hazardous,                       
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioative                      
                                        waste [HTRW]            35      
  2.1.3                              Aesthetic and              35      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.1.4                              Cultural                   36      
                                      resources.                        
  2.1.5                              Social and                 38      
                                      economic                          
                                      setting.                          
  2.1.5.a                              Population...            38      
  2.1.5.b                              Employment...            38      
  2.1.5.c                              Households...            45      
  2.1.5.d                              Land use.....            45      
  2.2                              Tidal Anacostia              45      
                                    River.                              
  2.2.1                              Physical                   45      
                                      setting.                          
  2.2.1.a                          Location.........            45      
  2.2.1.b                          Hydrology........            46      
  2.2.2                              Environmental              46      
                                      resources.                        
  2.2.2.a                              Aquatic                  46      
                                        resources.                      
  2.2.2.b                              Wetlands.....            47      
  2.2.2.c                              Terrestrial              48      
                                        resources.                      
  2.2.2.d                              Rare,                    49      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.2.2.e                              Water quality            49      
  2.2.2.f                              Air quality..            50      
  2.2.3                              Aesthetic and              50      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.3                              Northwest branch             50      
                                    sub-watershed.                      
  2.3.1                              Physical                   50      
                                      setting.                          
  2.3.1.a                              Location.....            50      
  2.3.1.b                              Physiography.            50      
  2.3.1.c                              Hydrology....            50      
  2.3.2                              Environmental              51      
                                      resources.                        
  2.3.2.a                              Aquatic                  51      
                                        resources.                      
  2.3.2.b                              Wetlands.....            52      
  2.3.2.c                              Terrestrial              52      
                                        resources.                      
  2.3.2.d                              Rare,                    52      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.3.2.e                              Water quality            52      
  2.3.2.f                              Air quality..            52      
  2.3.3                              Aesthetic and              53      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.4                              Sligo Creek sub-             53      
                                    watershed.                          
  2.4.1                              Physical                   53      
                                      setting.                          
  2.4.1.a                              Location.....            53      
  2.4.1.b                              Physiography.            53      
  2.4.1.c                              Hydrology....            53      
  2.4.2                              Environmental              54      
                                      resources.                        
  2.4.2.a                              Aquatic                  54      
                                        resources.                      
  2.4.2.b                              Wetlands.....            55      
  2.4.2.c                              Terrestrial              55      
                                        resources.                      
  2.4.2.d                              Rare,                    55      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.4.2.e                              Water quality            55      
  2.4.3                              Aesthetic and              56      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.5                              Paint Branch sub-            56      
                                    watershed.                          
  2.5.1                              Physical                   56      
                                      setting.                          
  2.5.1.a                              Location.....            56      
  2.5.1.b                              Physiography.            56      
  2.5.1.c                              Hydrology....            56      
  2.5.2                              Environmental              57      
                                      resources.                        
  2.5.2.a                              Aquatic                  57      
                                        resources.                      
  2.5.2.b                              Wetlands.....            57      
  2.5.2.c                              Terrestrial              58      
                                        resources.                      
  2.5.2.d                              Rare,                    58      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.5.2.e                              Water quality            58      
  2.5.2.f                              Air quality..            58      
  2.5.3                              Aesthetic and              58      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.6                              Little Paint                 59      
                                    Branch sub-                         
                                    watershed.                          
  2.6.1                              Physical                   59      
                                      setting.                          
  2.6.1.a                              Location.....            59      
  2.6.1.b                              Hydrology....            59      
  2.6.2                              Environmental              59      
                                      resources.                        
  2.6.2.a                              Aquatic                  59      
                                        resources.                      
                                                                        
  2.6.2.b                              Wetlands.....            60      
  2.6.2.c                              Terrestrial              60      
                                        resources.                      
  2.6.2.d                              Rare,                    60      
                                        threatened                      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  2.6.2.e                              Water quality            60      
  2.6.2.f                              Air quality..            60      
  2.6.3                              Aesthetic and              60      
                                      recreational                      
                                      resources.                        
  2.7                              Most probable                61      
                                    future                              
                                    conditions.                         
  2.8                              Land in federal              61      
                                    ownership.                          
  2.9                              Related Corps of             63      
                                    engineers                           
                                    restoration                         
                                    activities.                         
  2.9.1                              Section 1135               63      
                                      WRDA 1986                         
                                      reports.                          
  2.9.2                              Beneficial uses            63      
                                      of dredged                        
                                      material.                         
  3                             Problem                         64      
                                 Identification.                        
  3.1                              Problems, needs              64      
                                    and                                 
                                    opportunities.                      
  3.1.1                              Problems.......            64      
  3.1.2                              Needs..........            65      
  3.1.3                              Opportunities..            66      
  3.1.4                              Modern historic                    
                                      condition of                      
                                      the Anacostia                     
                                      River Basin...            67      
  3.1.4.a                              Early                    67      
                                        historical                      
                                        period.                         
  3.1.4.b                              Wetlands.....            68      
  3.1.4.c                              Fisheries....            68      
  3.1.4.d                              Wildlife.....            69      
  3.1.5                            Effects of                   69      
                                    previous corps                      
                                    projects.                           
  3.2                                Federal                    71      
                                      objective.                        
  3.3                                Planning                   72      
                                      objectives and                    
                                      constraints.                      
  3.4                                Chesapeake Bay             73      
                                      Tributaries                       
                                      strategy.                         
  3.5                                Indicator                  74      
                                      species.                          
  3.5.1                                American Shad                    
                                        (Alosa                          
                                        Sapidissima)                    
                                        and Hickory                     
                                        Shad (Alosa                     
                                        Mediocris)..            75      
  3.5.2                                Alewife                          
                                        (Alosa                          
                                        Pseudohareng                    
                                        us) and                         
                                        Blueback                        
                                        Herring                         
                                        (Alosa                          
                                        Aestivalis).            76      
  3.5.3                                White Perch              76      
                                        (Morone                         
                                        American.                       
  3.5.4                                Striped Bass             77      
                                        (Morone                         
                                        Saxitili).                      
  3.5.5                                Yellow Perch             77      
                                        (Perca                          
                                        Flavescens).                    
  3.5.6                                Wood Duck                78      
                                        (Aix Sponsa).                   
  3.5.7                                Canvasback               78      
                                        (Aythya                         
                                        Valisineria).                   
  3.5.8                                Redhead                  79      
                                        (Aythya                         
                                        Americana).                     
  3.5.9                                Colonial                 79      
                                        Wading Birds                    
                                        (Herons and                     
                                        Egrets).                        
  3.5.10                               Osprey                   79      
                                        (Pandion                        
                                        Haliaetus).                     
  3.5.11                               Bald Eagle               80      
                                        (Haliaeetus                     
                                        Leucocephalu                    
                                        s).                             
  3.5.12                               River Otter              80      
                                        (Lutra                          
                                        Canadensis).                    
  3.5.13                               Brown Trout              80      
                                        (Salmo                          
                                        Trutta).                        
  3.6                              Summary..........            81      
  4                             Plan Formulation for            82      
                                 Feasibility Phase.                     
  4.1                              Federal                      82      
                                    considerations.                     
  4.1.1                              Resource                   82      
                                      significance.                     
  4.1.1.a                              Institutional            83      
                                        recognition.                    
  4.1.1.b                              Public                   84      
                                        recognition.                    
  4.1.1.c                              Technical                85      
                                        recognition.                    
  4.1.2                              Linkage to                 85      
                                      previous corps                    
                                      projects.                         
  4.2*                             Non-federal                  85      
                                    sponsor                             
                                    considerations.                     
  4.2.1                              District of                86      
                                      Columbia.                         
  4.2.2                              Prince George's            86      
                                      County.                           
  4.2.3                              Montgomery                 87      
                                      County.                           
  4.3                              Type of habitat              87      
                                    restoration                         
                                    considered.                         
  4.3.1                              Focus of the               87      
                                      formulation                       
                                      process.                          
  4.3.2                              Restoration                88      
                                      strategy.                         
  4.4                              Formulation of               90      
                                    locations for                       
                                    restoration.                        
  4.4.1                              Sites                      92      
                                      eliminated                        
                                      from detailed                     
                                      study.                            
  4.4.2                              Site selection             92      
                                      process--level                    
                                      II analysis.                      
  4.4.3                              Site selection--           93      
                                      stormwater                        
                                      wetlands.                         
  4.4.4                              Site selection--           93      
                                      stream                            
                                      restoration.                      
  4.4.5                              Site selection--           98      
                                      tidal and non-                    
                                      tidal wetlands.                   
  4.5                              Sites selected               98      
                                    for development                     
                                    of alternatives.                    
  4.5.1                              District of               100      
                                      Columbia.                         
  4.5.1.a                              Kingman Lake.           100      
  4.5.1.b                              River Fringe            102      
                                        Wetlands.                       
  4.5.2                              Prince George's           102      
                                      County.                           
                                                                        
  4.5.2.a                              Fordham                 102      
                                        Street                          
                                        Wetland.                        
  4.5.2.b                              Northwest               103      
                                        Branch                          
                                        Stream                          
                                        Restoration.                    
  4.5.3                              Montgomery                103      
                                      County.                           
  4.5.3.a                              Stewart/April           104      
                                        Lane.                           
  4.5.3.b                              Lockridge               104      
                                        Drive.                          
  4.5.3.c                              Snowden's               104      
                                        Mill I.                         
  4.5.3.d                              Snowden's               105      
                                        Mill II.                        
  4.5.3.e                              Tanglewood...           105      
  4.5.3.f                              Gum Springs..           105      
  4.5.3.g                              Sligo Creek..           106      
  4.5.3.h                              Paint Branch.           106      
  4.5.3.i                              Northwest               106      
                                        Branch.                         
  4.6                              Fish and wildlife           107      
                                    habitat                             
                                    restoration                         
                                    measures.                           
  4.6.1                              Wetland habitat           107      
                                      restoration.                      
  4.6.2                              Bottomland                109      
                                      habitat.                          
  4.6.3                              Aquatic habitat           110      
                                      restoration.                      
  4.7                              Alternatives                111      
                                    considered for                      
                                    the selected                        
                                    sites.                              
  4.7.1                              Wetland                   112      
                                      construction                      
                                      alternatives.                     
  4.7.2                              Stream                    112      
                                      restoration                       
                                      alternatives.                     
  4.7.3                              Stormwater                112      
                                      wetland                           
                                      alternatives.                     
  5  *                          Alternative                    119      
                                 Assessment and                         
                                 Evaluation.                            
  5.1                              No-action plan...           119      
  5.2                              Kingman Lake-               120      
                                    District of                         
                                    Columbia.                           
  5.2.1                              Environmental             125      
                                      effects.                          
  5.2.1a                               Aquatic                 125      
                                        resources.                      
  5.2.1.b                              Wetlands.....           127      
  5.2.1.c                              Terrestrial             128      
                                        resources.                      
  5.2.1.d                              Threatened              130      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.2.1.e                              Prime and               130      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.2.1.f                              Water quality           130      
  5.2.1.g                              Air quality..           131      
  5.2.1.h                              Hazardous,              131      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.2.2                              Aesthetic and             131      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.2.3                              Cultural                  131      
                                      effects.                          
  5.3                              River Fringe                132      
                                    Wetlands--Distri                    
                                    ct of Columbia.                     
  5.3.1                              Environmental             133      
                                      effects.                          
  5.3.1.a                              Aquatic                 133      
                                        resources.                      
  5.3.1.b                              Wetlands.....           136      
  5.3.1.c                              Terrestrial             137      
                                        resources.                      
  5.3.1.d                              Threatened              137      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.3.1.e                              Prime and               137      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.3.1.f                              Water quality           137      
  5.3.1.g                              Air quality..           138      
  5.3.1.h                              Hazardous,              138      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.3.2                              Aesthetics and            138      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.3.3                              Cultural                  139      
                                      effects.                          
  5.4                              Fordham Street              139      
                                    Wetland--Prince                     
                                    George's County.                    
  5.4.1                              Environmental             140      
                                      effects.                          
  5.4.1.a                              Aquatic                 140      
                                        resources.                      
  5.4.1.b                              Wetlands.....           140      
  5.4.1.c                              Terrestrial             143      
                                        resources.                      
  5.4.1.d                              Threatened              143      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.4.1.e                              Prime and               143      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.4.1.f                              Water quality           143      
  5.4.1.g                              Air quality..           144      
  5.4.1.h                              Hazardous,              144      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.4.2                              Aesthetic and             144      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.4.3                              Cultural                  144      
                                      effects.                          
  5.5                              Northwest Branch                     
                                    Stream                              
                                    Restoration--Pri                    
                                    nce George's                        
                                    County..........           145      
  5.5.1                              Environmental             145      
                                      effects.                          
  5.5.1.a                              Aquatic                 145      
                                        resources.                      
  5.5.1.b                              Wetlands.....           148      
  5.5.1.c                              Terrestrial             148      
                                        resources.                      
  5.5.1.d                              Threatened              148      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.5.1.e                              Prime and               149      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.5.1.f                              Water quality           149      
  5.5.1.g                              Air quality..           149      
  5.5.1.h                              Hazardous,              150      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.5.2                              Aesthetic and             150      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.5.3                              Cultural                  150      
                                      effects.                          
  5.6                              Stewart/April               151      
                                    Land--Montgomery                    
                                    County.                             
  5.6.1                              Environmental             151      
                                      effects.                          
  5.6.1.a                              Aquatic                 151      
                                        resources.                      
  5.6.1.b                              Wetlands.....           154      
  5.6.1.c                              Terrestrial             155      
                                        resources.                      
  5.6.1.d                              Threatened              155      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.6.1.e                              Prime and               155      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.6.1.f                              Water quality           155      
  5.6.1.g                              Air quality..           156      
  5.6.1.h                              Hazardous,              156      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.6.2                              Aesthetic and             156      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.6.3                              Cultural                  157      
                                      effects.                          
  5.7                              Lockridge Drive..           157      
  5.7.1                              Environmental             160      
                                      effects.                          
  5.7.1.a                              Aquatic                 160      
                                        resources.                      
  5.7.1.b                              Wetlands.....           161      
  5.7.1.c                              Terrestrial             161      
                                        resources.                      
  5.7.1.d                              Threatened              161      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.7.1.e                              Prime and               161      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.7.1.f                              Water quality           162      
  5.7.1.g                              Air quality..           162      
  5.7.1.h                              Hazardous,              162      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.7.2                              Aesthetic and             162      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.7.3                              Cultural                  163      
                                      effects.                          
  5.8                              Snowden's Mill I--          163      
                                    Montgomery                          
                                    County.                             
  5.8.1                              Environmental             164      
                                      effects.                          
  5.8.1.a                              Aquatic                 164      
                                        resources.                      
  5.8.1.b                              Wetlands.....           167      
  5.8.1.c                              Terrestrial             167      
                                        resources.                      
  5.8.1.d                              Threatened              168      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.8.1.e                              Prime and               168      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.8.1.f                              Water quality           168      
  5.8.1.g                              Air quality..           168      
  5.8.1.h                              Hazardous,              168      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.8.2                              Aesthetic and             169      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.8.3                              Cultural                  169      
                                      effects.                          
  5.9                              Snowden's Mill              169      
                                    II--Montgomery                      
                                    County.                             
  5.9.1                              Environmental             170      
                                      effects.                          
  5.9.1.a                              Aquatic                 170      
                                        resources.                      
  5.9.1.b                              Wetlands.....           173      
  5.9.1.c                              Terrestrial             173      
                                        resources.                      
  5.9.1.d                              Threatened              174      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.9.1.e                              Prime and               174      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.9.1.f                              Water quality           174      
  5.9.1.g                              Air quality..           174      
  5.9.1.h                              Hazardous,              174      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.9.2                              Aesthetic and             175      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.9.3                              Cultural                  175      
                                      effects.                          
  5.10                             Tanglewood--Montg           175      
                                    omery County.                       
  5.10.1                             Environmental             176      
                                      effects.                          
  5.10.1.a                             Aquatic                 176      
                                        resources.                      
  5.10.1.b                             Wetlands.....           179      
  5.10.1.c                             Terrestrial             179      
                                        resources.                      
  5.10.1.d                             Threatened              179      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.10.1.e                             Prime and               179      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.10.1.f                             Water quality           180      
  5.10.1.g                             Air quality..           180      
  5.10.1.h                             Hazardous,              180      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.10.2                             Aesthetic and             180      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.10.3                             Cultural                  181      
                                      effects.                          
  5.11                             Gum Spring--                181      
                                    Montgomery                          
                                    County.                             
  5.11.1                             Environmental             184      
                                      effects.                          
  5.11.1.a                             Aquatic                 184      
                                        resources.                      
  5.11.1.b                             Wetlands.....           185      
  5.11.1.c                             Terrestrial             186      
                                        resources.                      
  5.11.1.d                             Threatened              186      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.11.1.e                             Prime and               186      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.11.1.f                             Water quality           187      
  5.11.1.g                             Air quality..           187      
  5.11.1.h                             Hazardous,              187      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.11.2                             Aesthetic and             188      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.11.3                             Cultural                  188      
                                      effects.                          
  5.12                             Sligo Creek--               189      
                                    Montgomery                          
                                    County.                             
  5.12.1                             Environmental             189      
                                      effects.                          
  5.12.1.a                             Aquatic                 189      
                                        resources.                      
  5.12.1.b                             Wetlands.....           193      
  5.12.1.c                             Terrestrial             193      
                                        resources.                      
  5.12.1.d                             Threatened              193      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.12.1.e                             Prime and               193      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.12.1.f                             Water quality           194      
  5.12.1.g                             Air quality..           194      
  5.12.1.h                             Hazardous,              195      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.12.2                             Aesthetic and             195      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.12.3                             Cultural                  195      
                                      effects.                          
  5.13                             Paint Branch--              196      
                                    Montgomery                          
                                    County.                             
  5.13.1                             Environmental             196      
                                      effects.                          
  5.13.1.a                             Aquatic                 196      
                                        resources.                      
  5.13.1.b                             Wetlands.....           200      
  5.13.1.c                             Terrestrial             200      
                                        resources.                      
  5.13.1.d                             Threatened              200      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.13.1.e                             Prime and               200      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.13.1.f                             Water quality           201      
  5.13.1.g                             Air quality..           201      
  5.13.1.h                             Hazardous,              202      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.13.2                             Aesthetic and             202      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.13.3                             Cultural                  202      
                                      effects.                          
  5.14                             Northwest Branch                     
                                    Stream                              
                                    Restoration--Mon                    
                                    tgomery County..           204      
  5.14.1                             Environmental             204      
                                      effects.                          
  5.14.1.a                             Aquatic                 204      
                                        resources.                      
  5.14.1.b                             Wetlands.....           207      
  5.14.1.c                             Terrestrial             207      
                                        resources.                      
  5.14.1.d                             Threatened              208      
                                        and                             
                                        endangered                      
                                        species.                        
  5.14.1.e                             Prime and               208      
                                        unique                          
                                        farmlands.                      
  5.14.1.f                             Water quality           208      
  5.14.1.g                             Air quality..           209      
  5.14.1.h                             Hazardous,              209      
                                        toxic and                       
                                        radioactive                     
                                        wastes.                         
  5.14.2                             Aesthetic and             209      
                                      recreational                      
                                      effects.                          
  5.14.3                             Cultural                  209      
                                      effects.                          
  5.15                             Cumulative                  210      
                                    effects.                            
  6  *                          Plan Selection......           218      
  6.1                              Incremental                 218      
                                    analysis.                           
  6.2                              Decision matrix             219      
                                    for alternatives.                   
  6.3                              District of                 219      
                                    Columbia.                           
  6.3.1                              Kingman Lake...           219      
  6.3.1.a                              Incremental             222      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.3.1.b                              Habitat                 222      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.3.1.c                              Views of                222      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.3.1.d                              Summary......           222      
  6.3.2                              River Fringe              222      
                                      Wetlands.                         
  6.3.2.a                              Incremental             224      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.3.2.b                              Habitat                 224      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.3.2.c                              Views of                224      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.3.2.d                              Summary......           224      
  6.4                              Prince George's             224      
                                    County.                             
  6.4.1                              Fordham Street            226      
                                      Wetland.                          
  6.4.1.a                              Incremental             226      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.4.1.b                              Habitat                 226      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.4.1.c                              Views of                226      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.4.1.d                              Summary......           230      
  6.4.2                              Northwest                 230      
                                      Branch.                           
  6.4.2.a                              Incremental             230      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.4.2.b                              Habitat                 230      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.4.2.c                              Views of                230      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.4.2.d                              Summary......           230      
  6.5                              Montgomery County           232      
  6.5.1                              Stewart-April             232      
                                      Lane.                             
  6.5.1.a                              Incremental             232      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.1.b                              Habitat                 232      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.1.c                              Views of                234      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.1.d                              Summary......           234      
  6.5.2                              Lockridge Drive           234      
  6.5.2.a                              Incremental             234      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.2.b                              Habitat                 234      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.2.c                              Views of                234      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.2.d                              Summary......           234      
  6.5.3                              Snowden's Mill            238      
                                      I.                                
  6.5.3.a                              Incremental             238      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.3.b                              Habitat                 238      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.3.c                              Views of                238      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.3.d                              Summary......           238      
  6.5.4                              Snowden's Mill            238      
                                      II.                               
  6.5.4.a                              Incremental             242      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.4.b                              Habitat                 242      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.4.c                              Views of                242      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.4.d                              Summary......           242      
  6.5.5                              Tanglewood.....           242      
  6.5.5.a                              Incremental             242      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.5.b                              Habitat                 247      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.5.c                              Views of                247      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.5.d                              Summary......           247      
  6.5.6                              Gum Springs....           247      
  6.5.6.a                              Incremental             247      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.6.b                              Habitat                 247      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.6.c                              Views of                247      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.6.d                              Summary......           251      
  6.5.7                              Sligo Creek....           251      
  6.5.7.a                              Incremental             251      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.7.b                              Habitat                 251      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.7.c                              Views of                251      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.7.d                              Summary......           251      
  6.5.8                              Paint Branch              251      
                                      stream                            
                                      restoration.                      
  6.5.8.a                              Incremental             251      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.8.b                              Habitat                 253      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.8.c                              Views of                353      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.8.d                              Summary......           253      
  6.5.9                              Northwest                          
                                      Branch stream                     
                                      restoration--M                    
                                      ontgomery                         
                                      County........           253      
  6.5.9.a                              Incremental             253      
                                        analysis and                    
                                        plan                            
                                        selection.                      
  6.5.9.b                              Habitat                 253      
                                        benefits.                       
  6.5.9.c                              Views of                253      
                                        local                           
                                        sponsors and                    
                                        landowners.                     
  6.5.9.d                              Summary......           253      
  6.6                              Summary..........           256      
  7                             Description of                 257      
                                 Selected Plans.                        
  7.1                              Description of              257      
                                    the selected                        
                                    plan.                               
  7.2                              Real estate                 259      
                                    considerations.                     
  7.2.1                              District of               259      
                                      Columbia.                         
  7.2.2                              Prince George's           259      
                                      County.                           
  7.2.3                              Montgomery                259      
                                      County.                           
  7.3                              Environmental               259      
                                    considerations.                     
  7.4                              Social and                  261      
                                    economic                            
                                    considerations.                     
  7.5                              Design                      263      
                                    considerations.                     
  7.6                              Construction                264      
                                    considerations.                     
  7.6.1                              District of               264      
                                      Columbia.                         
  7.6.2                              Prince George's           264      
                                      County.                           
  7.6.3                              Montgomery                264      
                                      County.                           
  7.7                              Operation,                           
                                    maintenance and                     
                                    replacement                         
                                    considerations..           264      
  7.8                              Summary of plan             265      
                                    accomplishments.                    
  7.8.1                              Project life...           265      
  7.8.2                              Sensitivity of            265      
                                      cost                              
                                      contingencies.                    
  7.8.3                              Additional                269      
                                      benefits.                         
  7.9                              Sea level rise...           269      
  7.10                             Sedimentation....           269      
  7.11                             Risk and                    271      
                                    uncertainty                         
                                    analysis.                           
  7.11.1                             Future impacts            271      
                                      of                                
                                      urbanization.                     
  7.11.2                             Future of the             271      
                                      stream valley                     
                                      park system.                      
  7.11.3                             Efficacy of               271      
                                      restoration                       
                                      techniques.                       
  7.12                             Project                     272      
                                    monitoring.                         
  8                             Plan Implementation.           273      
  8.1                              Local cooperation           273      
                                    requirements.                       
  8.2                              Identification of           275      
                                    local sponsors.                     
  8.2.1                              District of               275      
                                      Columbia.                         
  8.2.2                              Montgomery                276      
                                      County.                           
  8.2.3                              Prince George's           276      
                                      County.                           
  8.3                              Life cycle                  277      
                                    project                             
                                    management.                         
  8.4                              Draft project               277      
                                    management plan.                    
  8.5                              Full funding                277      
                                    project cost                        
                                    estimate.                           
  8.6                              Funding schedule.           278      
  8.7                              Ability-to-pay              278      
                                    determination.                      
  8.8                              Financing plan...           278      
  8.9                              Views of local              278      
                                    sponsor.                            
  9  *                          Public Involvement             279      
                                 and Coordination.                      
  9.1                              Description of              279      
                                    public                              
                                    involvement                         
                                    activities.                         
  9.1.1                              Reconnaissance.           279      
  9.2                              Coordination with           280      
                                    non-federal                         
                                    sponsors.                           
  9.3                              Federal resource            281      
                                    agency                              
                                    coordination.                       
  9.4                              Coordination with           282      
                                    the public.                         
  9.5                              Public views and            283      
                                    comments.                           
  9.6                              Draft report and            283      
                                    DEIS recipients.                    
  9.7                              Review of the                        
                                    draft integrated                    
                                    feasibility                         
                                    report and                          
                                    environmental                       
                                    impact statement           283      
  10 *                          Summary and                    285      
                                 Conclusions.                           
  11                            Recommendation......           287      
                                                                        


                                     

                              ----------                              

                             LIST OF TABLES

                                                                        
                                                                Page    
                                                                        
  1-1                          Previous reports on                      
                                the Anacostia River                     
                                Basin...............            20      
  1-2                          Agencies and acronyms                    
                                used in this report.            26      
  2-1                          Anacostia River                          
                                Watershed population                    
                                trends by                               
                                jurisdiction (1985-                     
                                2010)...............            39      
  2-2                          Comparative                              
                                population data.....            40      
  2-3                          District of Columbia                     
                                population data by                      
                                sub-watershed within                    
                                the Anacostia                           
                                Watershed...........            41      
  2-4                          Montgomery County                        
                                population data by                      
                                sub-watershed within                    
                                the Anacostia                           
                                Watershed...........            42      
  2-5                          Prince George's                          
                                County population                       
                                data by sub-                            
                                watershed within the                    
                                Anacostia Watershed.            43      
  2-6                          Anacostia River                          
                                employment data                         
                                total persons                           
                                employed by                             
                                jurisdiction (1985-                     
                                2010)...............            44      
  2-7                          Anacostia River                          
                                household data total                    
                                households by                           
                                jurisdiction (1985-                     
                                2010)...............            44      
  2-8                          Federally owned                          
                                lands, in the                           
                                Anacostia River                         
                                Basin...............            62      
  3-1                          Habitat units                            
                                affected by previous                    
                                corps projects......            70      
  4-1                          Summary of Anacostia                     
                                blueprint projects..            91      
  4-2                          Potential stormwater                     
                                wetland sites.......         94-95      
  4-3                          A comparison of urban                    
                                best management                         
                                practices...........            96      
  4-4                          Stream restoration                       
                                sites...............            97      
  4-5                          Wetland creation                         
                                sites...............            99      
  4-6                          Feasibility study                        
                                alternatives........       114-118      
  5-1                          Kingman Lake--summary                    
                                of impacts..........       121-124      
  5-2                          River fringe                             
                                wetlands--summary of                    
                                impacts.............       134-135      
  5-3                          Fordham street                           
                                wetland--summary of                     
                                impacts.............       141-142      
  5-4                          Northwest Branch                         
                                Prince George's                         
                                County--summary of                      
                                Impacts.............       146-147      
  5-5                          Stewart/April Lane--                     
                                summary of impacts..       152-153      
  5-6                          Lockridge Drive--                        
                                summary of impacts..       158-159      
  5-7                          Snowden's Mill I--                       
                                summary of impacts..       165-166      
  5-8                          Snowden's Mill II--                      
                                summary of impacts..       171-172      
  5-9                          Tanglewood--summary                      
                                of impacts..........       177-178      
  5-10                         Gum Springs--summary                     
                                of impacts..........       182-183      
  5-11                         Sligo Creek--summary                     
                                of impacts..........       190-191      
  5-12                         Paint Branch--summary                    
                                of impacts..........       197-198      
  5-13                         Northwest Branch--                       
                                Montgomery County--                     
                                summary of impacts..       205-206      
  6-1                          Criteria supporting                      
                                plan justification                      
                                as utilized in the                      
                                decision matrix.....       220-221      
  6-2                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Kingman Lake,                           
                                District of Columbia                    
                                wetland restoration                     
                                project.............           223      
  6-3                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                River Fringe                            
                                Wetlands, District                      
                                of Columbia Wetland                     
                                Restoration Project.           225      
  6-4                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Fordham Street                          
                                Wetland, Prince                         
                                George's County                         
                                construction project           227      
  6-5                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Northwest Branch,                       
                                Prince George's                         
                                County, stream                          
                                restoration project.           231      
  6-6                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Stewart/April Lane,                     
                                Montgomery County                       
                                wetland construction                    
                                project.............           233      
  6-7                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Lockridge Drive,                        
                                Montgomery County                       
                                wetland construction                    
                                project.............           236      
  6-8                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Snowden's Mill I,                       
                                Montgomery County                       
                                wetland construction                    
                                project.............           239      
  6-9                          Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Snowden's Mill II,                      
                                Montgomery County                       
                                wetland construction                    
                                project.............           243      
  6-10                         Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Tanglewood,                             
                                Montgomery County                       
                                wetland construction                    
                                project.............           246      
  6-11                         Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at Gum                     
                                Springs, Montgomery                     
                                County stream                           
                                restoration project.           250      
  6-12                         Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Sligo Creek,                            
                                Montgomery County                       
                                stream restoration                      
                                project.............           252      
  6-13                         Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Paint Branch,                           
                                Montgomery County                       
                                stream restoration                      
                                project.............           254      
  6-14                         Decision matrix for                      
                                alternatives at                         
                                Northwest Branch,                       
                                Montgomery County                       
                                stream restoration                      
                                project.............           255      
  7-1                          Selected plan........           258      
  7-2                          Environmental                            
                                compliance                              
                                evaluation..........           260      
  7-3                          Estimated annual                         
                                operation and                           
                                maintenance costs,                      
                                District of Columbia           266      
  7-4                          Estimated annual                         
                                operation and                           
                                maintenance costs,                      
                                Prince George's                         
                                County..............           267      
  7-5                          Estimated annual                         
                                operation and                           
                                maintenance costs,                      
                                Montgomery County...           268      
  7-6                          Estimated annual                         
                                nutrient and                            
                                sediment loads,                         
                                captured at                             
                                stormwater                              
                                management wetland                      
                                sites...............           270      
                                                                        


                                     

                              ----------                              

                            LIST OF FIGURES

                                                                        
                                                           Page         
                                                                        
  1-1                    Anacostia River                                
                          and tributaries                               
                          study area.....                  12           
  1-2                    Existing Corps                                 
                          of Engineers                                  
                          projects.......                  23           
  2-1                    Anacostia sub-                                 
                          watersheds.....                  28           
  4-1                    Project                                        
                          locations......                 101           
  6-1                    Fordham street                                 
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 228           
  6-2                    Fordham Street                                 
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland 2-Year                                
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 229           
  6-3                    Stewart-Apn'l                                  
                          Lane stormwater                               
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 235           
  6-4                    Lockridge Drive                                
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 237           
  6-5                    Snowden's Mill I                               
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 240           
  6-6                    Snowden's Mill I                               
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland 2-year                                
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 241           
  6-7                    Snowden's Mill                                 
                          II stormwater                                 
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 244           
  6-8                    Snowden's Mill                                 
                          II stormwater                                 
                          wetland 2-year                                
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 245           
  6-9                    Tanglewood                                     
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland                                       
                          extended                                      
                          detention                                     
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 248           
  6-10                   Tanglewood                                     
                          stormwater                                    
                          wetland 2-year                                
                          inflow and                                    
                          outflow........                 249           
                                                                        

                                     

                              ----------                              

                            LIST OF ANNEXES

                                                                   Page

A--Public Views, Comments, and Responses.........................   289
B--Fish & Wildlife Coordination Act Report.......................   403
C--Section 404(b)(1) Evaluations.................................   433
D--Environmental Impact Statement Index..........................   491
E--List of Preparers.............................................   493
F--References....................................................   495
G--Plate Portfolio (8.5" x 11")..................................   501



  

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