    Congressional Directory for the 112th Congress (2011-2012), December 2011.
    [Page v]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                                    FOREWORD

        The Congressional Directory is one of the oldest working handbooks
    within the United States Government. While there were unofficial
    directories for Congress in one form or another beginning with the 1st
    Congress in 1789, the Congressional Directory published in 1847 for the
    30th Congress is considered by scholars and historians to be the first
    official edition because it was the first to be ordered and paid for by
    Congress. With the addition of biographical sketches of legislators in
    1867, the Congressional Directory attained its modern format.

        The Congressional Directory is published by the United States
    Congress in partnership with the Government Printing Office, at the
    direction of the Joint Committee on Printing under the authority of
    Title 44, Section 721 of the U.S. Code.

                           JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING

              Gregg Harper, Representative from Mississippi, Chair

              Charles E. Schumer, Senator from New York, Vice Chair

                    House

                                                         Senate

          Daniel E. Lungren, of                Patty Murray, of Washington.
            California.
          Aaron Schock, of Illinois.           Tom Udall, of New Mexico.
          Robert A. Brady, of                  Lamar Alexander, of
            Pennsylvania.                    Tennessee.
          Charles A. Gonzalez, of              Saxby Chambliss, of Georgia.
            Texas.

        The 2011-2012 Congressional Directory was compiled by the Government
    Printing Office, under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing
    by:

                     Project Manager.--Evangeline R. Brown.

        Editors: Farnsworth Alston; Mary Ann Carter; Regina G. Mitchell.

               Typographers: Michael E. Colbert; Margaret Oliver.

                       Proofreader.--Margaret Ross-Smith.

          Special Assistance.--Peter Byrd, former Congressional Staff.

               State District Maps.--Election Data Services, Inc.

      Representatives' Zip Codes.--House Office of Mailing Services / U.S.
                                 Postal Service.

    ________________________________________________________________________

     For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
                                     Office

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                                 (202) 512-1800

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                     Paper Cover        ISBN-052-070-07621-6

                     Casebound         ISBN-052-070-07622-4