    Congressional Directory for the 108th Congress (2003-2004), July 2003.
    [Page v]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                                    FOREWORD

        The Congressional Directory is one of the oldest working handbooks
    within the United States government. While there were unofficial
    directories for Congress in one form or another beginning with the 1st
    Congress in 1789, the Congressional Directory published in 1847 for the
    30th Congress is considered by scholars and historians to be the first
    official edition because it was the first to be ordered and paid for by
    Congress. With the addition of biographical sketches of legislators in
    1867, the Congressional Directory attained its modern format.

        The Congressional Directory is published by the United States Senate
    in partnership with the Government Printing Office, at the direction of
    the Joint Committee on Printing under the authority of Title 44, Section
    721 of the U.S. Code.

                           JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING

               Robert W. Ney, Representative from Ohio, Chairman.

              Saxby Chambliss, Senator from Georgia, Vice Chairman.

                    House

                                                         Senate

          John T. Doolittle, of                Thad Cochran, of Mississippi.
            California.
          John Linder, of Georgia.             Gordon Smith, of Oregon.
          John B. Larson, of                   Daniel K. Inouye, of Hawaii.
            Connecticut.
          Robert A. Brady, of                  Mark Dayton, of Minnesota.
            Pennsylvania.

        The 2003-2004 Congressional Directory was compiled by the Government
    Printing Office, under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing
    by:

                      Project Manager.--Michael M. Sardone.

                 Deputy Project Manager.--Charles H. Potter II.

              Editors: Nicole Timmons; Joann Sharp; Shirley Craven.

                     Typographers: Don Davis; Kathie Connor.

             Special Assistance.--Peter Byrd, Capitol Guide Service.

               State District Maps.--Election Data Services, Inc.

      Representatives' Zip Codes.--House Office of Mailing Services / U.S.
                                 Postal Service.

    ________________________________________________________________________

     For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
                                     Office

      Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area
                                 (202) 512-1800

         Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001

                      Paper Cover        ISBN-0-16-051420-7

                        Casebound        ISBN-0-16-051421-5