Appendix - Department of Education

For carrying out title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (referred to in this Act as "ESEA"), $15,882,167,000, of which $4,200,269,000 shall become available on July 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, and of which $11,681,898,000 shall become available on October 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, for academic year 2019–2020: Provided, That $15,459,802,000 shall be for Part A of title I and shall be made available without regard to section 1002(a) of the ESEA: Provided further, That $6,459,401,000 shall be for basic grants under section 1124 of the ESEA: Provided further, That up to $5,000,000 of these funds shall be available to the Secretary of Education (referred to in this title as "Secretary") on October 1, 2019, to obtain annually updated local educational agency-level census poverty data from the Bureau of the Census: Provided further, That $1,362,301,000 shall be for concentration grants under section 1124A of the ESEA: Provided further, That $3,819,050,000 shall be for targeted grants under section 1125 of the ESEA: Provided further, That $3,819,050,000 shall be for education finance incentive grants under section 1125A of the ESEA: Provided further, That, notwithstanding section 1003A(a)(1)(A) of the ESEA, a State educational agency may reserve not more than 5 percent of the amount such State educational agency receives under Part A of Title I to carry out section 1003A of the ESEA.

Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.


Identification code 091–0900–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Grants to local educational agencies	15,474	15,355	14,619
0002	School improvement grants	448
0003	State agency programs: Migrants	375	372	375
0004	State agency programs: Neglected and delinquent	48	47	48
0006	Special programs for migrant students	45	44
0007	Comprehensive literacy development grants	372	196
0008	Innovative approaches to literacy	27	27	8

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	16,789	16,041	15,050

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	660	16	10
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	1

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	661	16	10
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	5,303	5,267	4,200
	Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170	Advance appropriation	10,841	10,768	10,841
1900	Budget authority (total)	16,144	16,035	15,041
1930	Total budgetary resources available	16,805	16,051	15,051
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	16	10	1

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	9,686	10,223	9,936
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	16,789	16,041	15,050
3011	Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts	1
3020	Outlays (gross)	–16,237	–16,328	–16,063
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–1
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–15

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	10,223	9,936	8,923
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	9,686	10,223	9,936
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	10,223	9,936	8,923

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	16,144	16,035	15,041
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	7,872	7,747	7,757
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	8,365	8,581	8,306

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	16,237	16,328	16,063
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	16,144	16,035	15,041
4190	Outlays, net (total)	16,237	16,328	16,063


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	16,144	16,035	15,041
	Outlays	16,237	16,328	16,063
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			45
	Outlays			1
Total:
	Budget Authority	16,144	16,035	15,086
	Outlays	16,237	16,328	16,064


	2017–2018 Academic Year	2018–2019 Academic Year	2019–2020 Academic Year

New Budget Authority	$5,302	$5,266	$4,245
Advance appropriation	10,768	10,841	11,682

Total program level	16,070	16,107	15,927

Change in advance appropriation from the previous year	–73	+73	+841

Grants to local educational agencies.—Funds are allocated via formula for programs that provide academic support to help students in high-poverty schools meet challenging State standards. States assess annually all students in certain grades in at least English language arts, mathematics, and science; develop systems to differentiate among schools on the basis of performance on those assessments and other indicators; provide parents with information on the performance of their child's school; and ensure the development and implementation of support and improvement plans for the lowest-performing schools.

State agency migrant program.—Funds support formula grants to States for educational services to children of migratory farmworkers and fishers, with resources and services for children who have moved within the past 36 months.

State agency neglected and delinquent children and youth education program.—Funds support formula grants to States for educational services to neglected or delinquent children and youth in State-run institutions, attending community day programs, and in correctional facilities.


Identification code 091–0900–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	5	13	12
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	13
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources		5	5
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	6	5	5
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	16,765	16,018	15,028

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	16,789	16,041	15,050


Identification code 091–0900–2–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0006	Special programs for migrant students			45

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0)			45

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			45
1930	Total budgetary resources available			45

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			45
3020	Outlays (gross)			–1

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			44
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			44

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			45
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			45
4190	Outlays, net (total)			1

The Administration is proposing legislation reauthorizing the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, including a program in this account. When new authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for this program.

Special programs for migrant students.—Funds support grants to institutions of higher education and nonprofit organizations that assist migrant students in earning a high school equivalency certificate or in completing their first year of college.

For carrying out programs of financial assistance to federally affected schools authorized by title VII of the ESEA, $734,557,000, of which $664,000,000 shall be for basic support payments under section 7003(b), $48,316,000 shall be for payments for children with disabilities under section 7003(d), $17,406,000, to remain available for obligation through September 30, 2020, shall be for construction under section 7007(b), and $4,835,000, to remain available until expended, shall be for facilities maintenance under section 7008: Provided, That for purposes of computing the amount of a payment for an eligible local educational agency under section 7003(a) for school year 2018–2019, children enrolled in a school of such agency that would otherwise be eligible for payment under section 7003(a)(1)(B) of such Act, but due to the deployment of both parents or legal guardians, or a parent or legal guardian having sole custody of such children, or due to the death of a military parent or legal guardian while on active duty (so long as such children reside on Federal property as described in section 7003(a)(1)(B)), are no longer eligible under such section, shall be considered as eligible students under such section, provided such students remain in average daily attendance at a school in the same local educational agency they attended prior to their change in eligibility status.


Identification code 091–0102–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Basic support payments	1,189	1,181	664
0002	Payments for children with disabilities	48	48	48

0091	Direct program activities, subtotal	1,237	1,229	712
0101	Facilities maintenance	4	5	5
0201	Construction		17	17
0301	Payments for Federal property	69	68

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	1,310	1,319	734

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	4	23	24
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	1,329	1,320	735
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,333	1,343	759
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	23	24	25

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	431	234	316
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1,310	1,319	734
3011	Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts	404
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1,507	–1,237	–861
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–404

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	234	316	189
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	431	234	316
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	234	316	189

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	1,329	1,320	735
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	1,092	1,170	644
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	415	67	217

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	1,507	1,237	861
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	1,329	1,320	735
4190	Outlays, net (total)	1,507	1,237	861

Impact Aid helps to replace the lost local revenue that would otherwise be available to educate federally connected children. The presence of certain students living on Federal property, such as students who are military dependents or who reside on Indian lands, can place a financial burden on local educational agencies (LEAs) that educate them. The property on which the children live and their parents work is exempt from local property taxes, limiting LEAs access a central source of revenue used by most communities to finance education.

Basic support payments.—Payments will be made on behalf of more than 800,000 federally connected students enrolled in about 1,100 LEAs to assist them in meeting their operation and maintenance costs. Average per-student payments will be approximately $820.

Payments for children with disabilities.—Payments in addition to those provided under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) will be provided on behalf of approximately 50,000 federally connected students with disabilities in about 850 LEAs. Average per-student payments will be approximately $950.

Facilities Maintenance.—Funds will be used to provide emergency repairs for school facilities that serve military dependents and are owned by the Department of Education. Funds will also be used to transfer the facilities to LEAs.

Construction.—Approximately 6 to 10 construction grants will be awarded competitively to the highest-need Impact Aid LEAs for emergency repairs and modernization of school facilities.

For carrying out school improvement activities authorized by part B of Title I and part B of title V of the ESEA; the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act; the Compact of Free Association Amendments Act of 2003; and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, $645,214,000, of which $621,940,000 shall become available on July 1, 2019, and remain available through September 30, 2020: Provided, That $16,699,000 shall be available to carry out the Supplemental Education Grants program for the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands: Provided further, That the Secretary may reserve up to 5 percent of the amount referred to in the previous proviso to provide technical assistance in the implementation of these grants: Provided further, That $175,840,000 shall be for part B of title V.


Identification code 091–1000–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Supporting effective instruction State grants	2,117	2,068	1,680
0002	Mathematics and science partnerships	3
0003	21st century community learning centers	1,191	1,184
0004	State assessments	378	367	369
0005	Education for homeless children and youths	77	76	77
0006	Native Hawaiians education	33	33
0007	Alaska Native education	32	32
0008	Training and advisory services	7	7	7
0009	Rural education	177	175	176
0010	Supplemental education grants	17	17	17
0011	Comprehensive centers	50	50
0012	Pooled evaluation	2
0013	Student support and academic enrichment	393	397
0014	Disaster relief for homeless children and youth	7

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	4,484	4,406	2,326

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	103	27
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	2,727	2,709	645
	Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170	Advance appropriation	1,681	1,670	1,681
1900	Budget authority (total)	4,408	4,379	2,326
1930	Total budgetary resources available	4,511	4,406	2,326
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	27

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	4,746	4,784	4,862
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	4,484	4,406	2,326
3020	Outlays (gross)	–4,429	–4,328	–4,363
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–17

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	4,784	4,862	2,825
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	4,746	4,784	4,862
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	4,784	4,862	2,825

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	4,408	4,379	2,326
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	978	1,056	1,022
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	3,451	3,272	3,341

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	4,429	4,328	4,363
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	4,408	4,379	2,326
4190	Outlays, net (total)	4,429	4,328	4,363


	2017–2018 Academic Year	2018–2019 Academic Year	2019–2020 Academic Year

New Budget Authority	$2,752	$2,709	$645
Advance Appropriation	1670	1,681	0

Total program level	4,430	4,428	645

Change in advance appropriation over previous year	–11	+11	–1,681

State assessments.—Funds would support formula and competitive grants to States to develop and implement assessments that are aligned with college- and career-ready academic standards. Funds would also support audits of State and local assessment systems.

Education for homeless children and youths.—Funds would support activities to ensure that all homeless children and youth have equal access to the same free, appropriate public education available to other children.

Training and advisory services.—Funds support grants to regional equity assistance centers that provide technical assistance to local educational agencies (LEAs) in addressing educational equity related to issues of race, sex, national origin, and religion.

Rural education.—Funds would support formula grants under two programs: the Small, Rural School Achievement program and the Rural and Low-Income School program. The Small, Rural School Achievement program provides rural LEAs with small enrollments with additional formula funds to carry out activities authorized elsewhere in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA). Funds under the Rural and Low-Income School program, which targets rural LEAs that serve concentrations of poor students, are allocated by formula to States, which in turn allocate funds to eligible LEAs.

Supplemental education grants.—Funds support grants to the Federated States of Micronesia and to the Republic of the Marshall Islands in place of grant programs in which those Freely Associated States no longer participate pursuant to the Compact of Free Association Amendments Act of 2003.


Identification code 091–1000–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	21	21	11
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	1	1	1
25.5	Research and development contracts	7	7	4
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	2	2	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	4,453	4,375	2,309

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	4,484	4,406	2,326

For carrying out activities authorized by section 4631(a)(1)(B) of the ESEA, $43,000,000.


Identification code 091–0203–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	School safety national activities	67	65	43
0002	Full-service community schools	10	10
0004	Promise neighborhoods	73	73	72
0005	Project SERV	1	5	2

0500	Direct program activities, subtotal	151	153	117

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	151	153	117

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	78	78	75
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	151	150	43
1930	Total budgetary resources available	229	228	118
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	78	75	1

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	294	236	174
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	151	153	117
3020	Outlays (gross)	–195	–215	–173
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–14

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	236	174	118
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	294	236	174
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	236	174	118

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	151	150	43
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority		3	1
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	195	212	172

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	195	215	173
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	151	150	43
4190	Outlays, net (total)	195	215	173

School safety national activities.—Funds would support School Climate Transformation Grants and technical assistance to help State and local educational agencies to implement evidence-based opioid-abuse prevention strategies for schools in communities impacted by the opioid crisis, which was responsible for more than 50,000 deaths in 2016 and has caused families and communities across America to endure significant pain and suffering. Grantees would use multi-tiered decision-making frameworks to select and implement evidence-based behavioral practices for improving school climate and behavioral outcomes for all students. The Department would give priority to applicants that describe how they would use funds to address the opioid epidemic, which would include at a minimum activities to prevent opioid abuse by students, and could also address the mental health needs of students affected by opioid abuse within their families or communities.


Identification code 091–0203–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	7	7	2
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	144	146	115

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	151	153	117

For expenses necessary to carry out, to the extent not otherwise provided, title VI, part A of the ESEA, $164,939,000, of which $6,565,000 shall be for subpart 3 of part A of title VI, and of which $57,993,000 shall be for subpart 2 of part A of title VI: Provided, That the Secretary may make awards under subpart 3 of part A of title VI without regard to the funding limitation in section 6133(b)(1).


Identification code 091–0101–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Grants to local educational agencies	100	100	100
0002	Special programs for Indian children	58	58	58
0003	National activities	7	6	7

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	165	164	165

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	165	164	165
1930	Total budgetary resources available	165	164	165

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	157	183	165
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	165	164	165
3020	Outlays (gross)	–136	–182	–165
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–3

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	183	165	165
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	157	183	165
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	183	165	165

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	165	164	165
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	3	8	8
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	133	174	157

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	136	182	165
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	165	164	165
4190	Outlays, net (total)	136	182	165

The Indian Education programs support the efforts of local educational agencies (LEA), tribes, and Indian organizations to improve teaching and learning for the Nation's American Indian and Alaska Native children.

Grants to local educational agencies.—Formula grants support LEAs in their efforts to enhance and supplement elementary and secondary school programs that serve Indian students, with the goal of ensuring that such programs assist participating students in meeting the same academic standards as all other students.

Special programs for Indian children.—Funds support competitive awards for Native Youth Community Projects under the Demonstration Grants authority to improve the college- and career-readiness of Native youth, as well as professional development grants for training Native American teachers and administrators for employment in school districts with concentrations of Indian students.

National activities.—Funds support research, evaluation, data collection, and related activities, grants for Native language immersion schools and programs, and grants to tribes for education administrative planning, development, and coordination.


Identification code 091–0101–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	2	2	2
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	1	1	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	162	161	162

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	165	164	165

Federal Funds

For carrying out activities authorized under this heading and by parts C and D and subpart 1 of part F of title IV of the ESEA, $1,277,647,000: Provided, That $597,647,000 shall be for parts C and D of title IV and shall be made available without regard to sections 4311 and 4409(a): Provided further, That of the funds available for part C of title IV, the Secretary shall use not more than $100,000,000 to carry out section 4304 and not more than $150,000,000 to carry out section 4305, of which not more than $25,000,000 shall be used to carry out the activities in section 4305(a)(3): Provided further, That, notwithstanding section 301 of this Act, funds awarded to an eligible local education agency, or consortium of such agencies, under part D of title IV may be used for the purposes in section 4407(a)(9): Provided further, That $180,000,000 shall be available through December 31, 2019 for subpart 1 of part F of title IV: Provided further, That, notwithstanding section 4611(a)(1)(A), the Secretary may establish priorities that apply to all funds awarded under section 4611: Provided further, That $500,000,000 shall be available for grants, under such requirements as the Secretary may establish, that enable students to attend a school selected by their parents: Provided further, That the Secretary may award grants described in the preceding proviso to States, local educational agencies and nonprofit organizations to support the demonstration and evaluation of projects awarding scholarships to students from low-income families to attend a private school, including a private religious school: Provided further, That the Secretary may also award grants described in the sixth proviso to establish or expand public school open enrollment systems in local educational agencies that have entered into a demonstration agreement with the Secretary under part E of title I of the ESEA: Provided further, That the Secretary may reserve up to $10,000,000 of the amount in the sixth proviso for national activities, including technical assistance, evaluation, and information dissemination.


Identification code 091–0204–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Education, innovation and research	97	99	180
0002	Teacher and school leader incentive fund	200	199
0003	American history and civics	2	3
0004	Supporting effective educator development (SEED)	65	65
0005	School leader recruitment and support	14	14
0006	Charter schools	342	340	500
0007	Magnet schools	98	97	98
0008	Ready to learn programming	28	26
0009	Fund for the Improvement of Education: Programs of national significance	2
0010	Arts in education	27	27
0011	Javits gifted and talented education	12	12
0012	Investing in innovation	108
0013	Race to the top	246
0014	School choice innovation program			500

0799	Total direct obligations	1,241	882	1,278
0801	DC schools/SOAR Act	52	74	45

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,293	956	1,323

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	389	31	3
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	888	882	1,278
1121	Appropriations transferred from other acct [091–0202]	2

1160	Appropriation, discretionary (total):	890	882	1,278
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700	Collected	45	46	46
1900	Budget authority (total)	935	928	1,324
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,324	959	1,327
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	31	3	4

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	2,835	2,743	2,017
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1,293	956	1,323
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1,309	–1,682	–1,105
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–76

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	2,743	2,017	2,235
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	2,835	2,743	2,017
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	2,743	2,017	2,235

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	935	928	1,324
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	5	19	27
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	1,304	1,663	1,078

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	1,309	1,682	1,105
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4033	Non-Federal sources	–45	–46	–46
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	890	882	1,278
4190	Outlays, net (total)	1,264	1,636	1,059

Opportunity grants.—Funds would support the expansion of private and public school choice options to significantly increase in participating communities the number of students who have the option of enrolling in the school that best meets their unique educational needs, including students in low-performing schools identified for improvement under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA).

Education innovation and research.—Funds would support competitive grants to local educational agencies (LEAs), State educational agencies (SEAs), the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE), consortia of LEAs or SEAs; or an SEAs, LEAs, or BIE in partnership with a nonprofit organization, business, education service agency, or an institution of higher education to improve the achievement and attainment of high-need students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, including computer science.

Charter schools grants.—Funds would support competitive grants for the opening of new charter schools and the replication and expansion of high-quality charter schools. Funds would also support information dissemination activities and competitive grants to improve charter schools' access to facilities.

Magnet schools assistance.—Funds would support competitive grants to LEAs to establish and operate magnet school programs that are part of an approved desegregation plan.


Identification code 091–0204–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	1	6	25
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	14	3	3
25.5	Research and development contracts	4
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	1,221	873	1,250

99.0	Direct obligations	1,240	882	1,278
99.0	Reimbursable obligations	52	74	45
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,293	956	1,323

Federal Funds

For carrying out part A of title III of the ESEA, $737,400,000, which shall become available on July 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, except that 6.5 percent of such amount shall be available on October 1, 2018, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, to carry out activities under section 3111(c)(1)(C).


Identification code 091–1300–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	English language acquisition grants	744	736	737

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	11	4
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	737	732	737
1930	Total budgetary resources available	748	736	737
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	4

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	1,071	1,069	1,022
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	744	736	737
3020	Outlays (gross)	–744	–783	–736
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–2

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1,069	1,022	1,023
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	1,071	1,069	1,022
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1,069	1,022	1,023

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	737	732	737
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	9	7	7
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	735	776	729

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	744	783	736
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	737	732	737
4190	Outlays, net (total)	744	783	736

Language acquisition State grants.—This program supports formula grants to States to improve services for English Learners. States are accountable for demonstrating that English Learners are making progress toward proficiency in English and meeting the same high State academic standards as all other students. Funds also support national activities, including professional development to increase the supply of high-quality teachers of English Learners and a national information clearinghouse on English language acquisition.


Identification code 091–1300–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	2	2	2
25.5	Research and development contracts	2	2	2
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	740	732	733

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	744	736	737

Federal Funds

For carrying out the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), $13,051,776,000, of which $2,705,539,000 shall become available on July 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, and of which $10,124,103,000 shall become available on October 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020, for academic year 2019–2020: Provided, That the amount for section 611(b)(2) of the IDEA shall be equal to the lesser of the amount available for that activity during fiscal year 2018, increased by the amount of inflation as specified in section 619(d)(2)(B) of the IDEA, or the percent change in the funds appropriated under section 611(i) of the IDEA, but not less than the amount for that activity during fiscal year 2018: Provided further, That the Secretary shall, without regard to section 611(d) of the IDEA, distribute to all other States (as that term is defined in section 611(g)(2)), subject to the third proviso, any amount by which a State's allocation under section 611, from funds appropriated under this heading, is reduced under section 612(a)(18)(B), according to the following: 85 percent on the basis of the States' relative populations of children aged 3 through 21 who are of the same age as children with disabilities for whom the State ensures the availability of a free appropriate public education under this part, and 15 percent to States on the basis of the States' relative populations of those children who are living in poverty: Provided further, That the Secretary may not distribute any funds under the previous proviso to any State whose reduction in allocation from funds appropriated under this heading made funds available for such a distribution: Provided further, That the States shall allocate such funds distributed under the second proviso to local educational agencies in accordance with section 611(f): Provided further, That the amount by which a State's allocation under section 611(d) of the IDEA is reduced under section 612(a)(18)(B) and the amounts distributed to States under the previous provisos in fiscal year 2012 or any subsequent year shall not be considered in calculating the awards under section 611(d) for fiscal year 2013 or for any subsequent fiscal years: Provided further, That, notwithstanding the provision in section 612(a)(18)(B) regarding the fiscal year in which a State's allocation under section 611(d) is reduced for failure to comply with the requirement of section 612(a)(18)(A), the Secretary may apply the reduction specified in section 612(a)(18)(B) over a period of consecutive fiscal years, not to exceed five, until the entire reduction is applied: Provided further, That the Secretary may, in any fiscal year in which a State's allocation under section 611 is reduced in accordance with section 612(a)(18)(B), reduce the amount a State may reserve under section 611(e)(1) by an amount that bears the same relation to the maximum amount described in that paragraph as the reduction under section 612(a)(18)(B) bears to the total allocation the State would have received in that fiscal year under section 611(d) in the absence of the reduction: Provided further, That the Secretary shall either reduce the allocation of funds under section 611 for any fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the State fails to comply with the requirement of section 612(a)(18)(A) as authorized by section 612(a)(18)(B), or seek to recover funds under section 452 of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1234a): Provided further, That the funds reserved under 611(c) of the IDEA may be used to provide technical assistance to States to improve the capacity of the States to meet the data collection requirements of sections 616 and 618 and to administer and carry out other services and activities to improve data collection, coordination, quality, and use under parts B and C of the IDEA: Provided further, That the Secretary may use funds made available for the State Personnel Development Grants program under part D, subpart 1 of IDEA to evaluate program performance under such subpart: Provided further, That States may use funds reserved for other State-level activities under sections 611(e)(2) and 619(f) of the IDEA to make subgrants to local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, other public agencies, and private non-profit organizations to carry out activities authorized by those sections.


Identification code 091–0300–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Grants to States	12,001	11,922	11,162
0002	Preschool grants	368	366	368
0003	Grants for infants and families	459	455	459

0091	Subtotal, State grants	12,828	12,743	11,989
0101	State personnel development	39	38	39
0102	Technical assistance and dissemination	44	44	44
0103	Personnel preparation	84	83	84
0104	Parent information centers	27	27	27
0105	Educational technology, media, and materials	28	28	28

0191	Subtotal, National activities	222	220	222
0201	Special Olympics education program	13	13

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	13,063	12,976	12,211

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1		1
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	3,781	3,755	2,928
	Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170	Advance appropriation	9,283	9,220	9,283
1900	Budget authority (total)	13,064	12,975	12,211
1930	Total budgetary resources available	13,064	12,976	12,211
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	1

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	7,147	7,527	7,457
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	13,063	12,976	12,211
3020	Outlays (gross)	–12,677	–13,046	–12,972
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–6

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	7,527	7,457	6,696
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	7,147	7,527	7,457
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	7,527	7,457	6,696

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	13,064	12,975	12,211
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	6,225	6,263	6,264
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	6,452	6,783	6,708

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	12,677	13,046	12,972
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	13,064	12,975	12,211
4190	Outlays, net (total)	12,677	13,046	12,972


	2017–2018 Academic Year	2018–2019 Academic Year	2019–2020 Academic Year

Current Budget Authority	$3,546	$3,522	$2,706
Advance appropriation	9,220	9,283	10,124

Total program level	12,766	12,805	12,830

Change in advance appropriation from the previous year	–63	+63	+841

Grants to States.—Formula grants are provided to States to assist them in providing special education and related services to children with disabilities ages 3 through 21.

Preschool grants.—Formula grants provide additional funds to States to further assist them in providing special education and related services to children with disabilities ages 3 through 5 served under the Grants to States program. The goal of both of the Grants to States and the Preschool grants programs is to improve results for children with disabilities by assisting State and local educational agencies (LEAs) to provide children with disabilities with access to high quality education that will help them meet challenging standards and prepare them for employment and independent living. LEAs may reserve up to 15 percent of the funds they receive under Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to provide comprehensive coordinated early intervening services to children age 3 through grade 12.

Grants for infants and families.—Formula grants are provided to assist States to implement statewide systems of coordinated, comprehensive, multi-disciplinary interagency programs to provide early intervention services to children with disabilities, birth through age two, and their families. The goal of this program is to help States provide a comprehensive system of early intervention services that will enhance child and family outcomes.

National activities.—Funds are provided for personnel preparation and development, technical assistance, and other activities to support State efforts to improve results for children with disabilities under the State Grants programs. The goal of National Activities is to link States, school systems, and families to best practices to improve results for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

Basis for Leaving Special Education for Youth with Disabilities Ages 14 and Older


	2013–2014 Actual	2014–2015 Actual	2015–2016 Actual


Status of Exiting Students

Percent / number of students with disabilities aged 14–21 exiting special educati:
Graduated with a diploma	42.2% / 258,969	45.2% / 252,172	44.9% / 269,246
Graduated through certification	8.6% / 53,031	6.7% / 37,590	7.1% / 42,590
Transferred to regular education	9.2% / 56,552	9.7% / 53,999	9.3% / 56,113
Dropped out of school/not known to continue	11.8% / 72,251	11.6% / 64,850	11.2% / 67,305
Moved, but known to have continued in education	27.2% / 167,187	25.6% / 142,847	26.5% / 158,889
Reached maximum age for services/other	1.0% / 5,935	1.1% / 6,054	1.0% / 6,284

Total	100% / 613,925	100% / 557,512	100% / 600,427


Identification code 091–0300–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	2	1	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	13,061	12,975	12,210

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	13,063	12,976	12,211

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Helen Keller National Center Act, $3,634,977,000, of which $3,521,990,000 shall be for grants for vocational rehabilitation services under title I of the Rehabilitation Act.


Identification code 091–0301–0–1–506		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Vocational rehabilitation State grants	3,164	3,225	3,522
0002	Client assistance State grants	13	13	13
0003	Supported employment State grants	28
0004	Training	29	29	29
0005	Demonstration and Training Programs	6	6	9
0006	Independent living services for older blind individuals	33	33	33
0007	Protection and advocacy of individual rights	18	18	18
0008	Helen Keller National Center	10	10	10

0100	Total direct program	3,301	3,334	3,634

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	3,301	3,334	3,634

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1			27
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	137	136	113
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	3,399	3,453	3,522
1230	Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced	–235	–228

1260	Appropriations, mandatory (total)	3,164	3,225	3,522
1900	Budget authority (total)	3,301	3,361	3,635
1930	Total budgetary resources available	3,301	3,361	3,662
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year		27	28

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	2,174	1,926	1,807
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	3,301	3,334	3,634
3011	Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts	20
3020	Outlays (gross)	–3,342	–3,453	–3,480
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–227

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1,926	1,807	1,961
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	2,174	1,926	1,807
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1,926	1,807	1,961

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	137	136	113
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	60	68	56
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	72	108	69

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	132	176	125
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	3,164	3,225	3,522
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	1,730	1,612	1,761
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	1,480	1,665	1,594

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	3,210	3,277	3,355
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	3,301	3,361	3,635
4190	Outlays, net (total)	3,342	3,453	3,480

Vocational rehabilitation State grants.—The basic State grants program provides Federal matching funds to State vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies to assist individuals with physical or mental impairments to become gainfully employed. Services are tailored to the specific needs of the individual. Priority is given to serving those with the most significant disabilities. In 2016, State VR agencies assisted an estimated 186,715 individuals with disabilities to obtain an employment outcome, about 94 percent of whom were individuals with significant disabilities. VR State Grants is a core program of the workforce development system under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) and a 4required partner in the one-stop service delivery system for accessing employment and training services. Amendments made by WIOA require State VR agencies to reserve and use at least 15 percent of their Federal grant allotment to support pre-employment transition services for students with disabilities provided in accordance with new section 113 of the Rehabilitation Act. Between 1.0 percent and 1.5 percent of the funds appropriated for the VR State grants program must be set aside for Grants for Indians. The request for the VR State Grants program includes the CPIU adjustment specified in the authorizing statute.

Client assistance State grants.—Formula grants are made to States to provide assistance in informing and advising clients and applicants about benefits available under the Rehabilitation Act and, if requested, to pursue legal or administrative remedies to ensure the protection of the rights of individuals with disabilities.

Training.—Grants are made to States and public or nonprofit agencies and organizations, including institutions of higher education, to increase the number of skilled personnel available for employment in the field of rehabilitation and to upgrade the skills of those already employed.

Demonstration and training programs.—Competitive grants and contracts are awarded to expand and improve the provision and effectiveness of programs and services authorized under the Rehabilitation Act or further the purposes of the Act in promoting the employment and independence of individuals with disabilities in the community. Funds are used to support model demonstrations, technical assistance, and projects designed to improve program performance and the delivery of vocational rehabilitation and independent living services. To further the goals of the President's Executive Order on Expanding Apprenticeships in America (EO. 13801), the 2019 request includes an increase in funds to support an inclusive apprenticeship technical assistance center that would expand apprenticeship opportunities for individuals with disabilities, particularly individuals with significant disabilities.

Independent living services for older individuals who are blind.—Grants are awarded to States to assist individuals over the age of 55 with severe visual disabilities to adjust to their disability and increase their ability to care for their own needs.

Protection and advocacy of individual rights.—Formula grants are made to State protection and advocacy systems to protect the legal and human rights of individuals with disabilities.

Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults.—The Center provides services to deaf-blind youths and adults and provides training and technical assistance to professional and allied personnel at its national headquarters center and through its regional representatives and affiliate agencies.


Identification code 091–0301–0–1–506		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	1	1	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	3,300	3,333	3,633

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	3,301	3,334	3,634

For carrying out the Act to Promote the Education of the Blind of March 3, 1879, $25,431,000.


Identification code 091–0600–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	American printing house for the blind	25	25	25

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	25	25	25

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	25	25	25
1930	Total budgetary resources available	25	25	25

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	7	9	8
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	25	25	25
3020	Outlays (gross)	–23	–26	–25

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	9	8	8
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	7	9	8
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	9	8	8

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	25	25	25
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	18	19	19
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	5	7	6

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	23	26	25
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	25	25	25
4190	Outlays, net (total)	23	26	25

The 2019 request supports: the production and distribution of free educational materials for students below the college level who are blind; research related to developing and improving products; and advisory services to consumer organizations on the availability and use of materials. In 2017, the portion of the Federal appropriation allocated to educational materials represented approximately 70 percent of the Printing House's total sales. The full 2017 appropriation represented approximately 64 percent of the Printing House's total budget. The 2019 request is expected to be allocated in a similar manner.

For the National Technical Institute for the Deaf under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986, $70,016,000: Provided, That from the total amount available, the Institute may at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized under section 207 of such Act.


Identification code 091–0601–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Operations	70	70	70

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	70	70	70

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	70	70	70
1930	Total budgetary resources available	70	70	70

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	2	4	2
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	70	70	70
3020	Outlays (gross)	–68	–72	–71

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	4	2	1
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	2	4	2
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	4	2	1

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	70	70	70
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	68	70	70
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances		2	1

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	68	72	71
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	70	70	70
4190	Outlays, net (total)	68	72	71

This program provides postsecondary technical and professional education for individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, provides training, and conducts applied research into employment-related aspects of deafness. In 2017, the Federal appropriation represented approximately 71 percent of the Institute's operating budget. The 2019 request includes funds that may be used for the Endowment Grant program.

For the Kendall Demonstration Elementary School, the Model Secondary School for the Deaf, and the partial support of Gallaudet University under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986, $121,275,000: Provided, That from the total amount available, the University may at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized under section 207 of such Act.


Identification code 091–0602–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Operations	121	120	121

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	121	120	121

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	121	120	121
1930	Total budgetary resources available	121	120	121

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	121	120	121
3020	Outlays (gross)	–121	–120	–121

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	121	120	121
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	121	120	121
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	121	120	121
4190	Outlays, net (total)	121	120	121

This institution provides undergraduate, continuing education, and graduate programs for students who are deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing. The University also conducts basic and applied research and provides public service programs for persons with hearing loss and persons who work with them.

The University operates the Laurent Clerc National Deaf Education Center, which includes elementary and secondary education programs on the main campus of the University serving students who are deaf or hard of hearing. The Kendall Demonstration Elementary School serves students from birth through grade 8, and the Model Secondary School for the Deaf serves high school students in grades 9 through 12. The Clerc Center also develops and disseminates information on effective educational techniques and strategies for teachers and professionals working with students who are deaf or hard of hearing.

In 2017, the appropriation for Gallaudet represented approximately 70 percent of total revenue for the University. Approximately 25 percent of the Federal appropriation was used to support activities at the Clerc Center, which received nearly 100 percent of its revenue through the appropriation. In addition, the University receives other Federal funds such as student financial aid, vocational rehabilitation, Endowment Grant program income, and competitive grants and contracts. The 2019 request includes funds that may be used for the Endowment Grant program.

Federal Funds

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act ("AEFLA"), $499,561,000, which shall become available on July 1, 2019, and shall remain available through September 30, 2020: Provided, That of the amounts made available for AEFLA, $13,712,000 shall be for national leadership activities under section 242.


Identification code 091–0400–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Career and Technical Education State Grants	1,119	1,115	791
0002	Career and Technical Education National Activities	7	10	4

0091	Subtotal, Career and Technical	1,126	1,125	795
0101	Adult Basic and Literacy Education State Grants	577	578	486
0102	Adult Education National Leadership Activities	12	14	14

0191	Subtotal, Adult Education	589	592	500
0201	Performance Partnership Pilots	2

0799	Total direct obligations	1,717	1,717	1,295
0801	Reimbursable program activity	2

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,719	1,717	1,295

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	25	28	20
1011	Unobligated balance transfer from other acct [016–0174]	1
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	1

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	27	28	20
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	930	923	500
	Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170	Advance appropriation	791	786	791
1900	Budget authority (total)	1,721	1,709	1,291
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,748	1,737	1,311
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940	Unobligated balance expiring	–1
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	28	20	16

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	1,438	1,398	1,449
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1,719	1,717	1,295
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1,749	–1,666	–1,685
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–1
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–9

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1,398	1,449	1,059
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	1,438	1,398	1,449
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1,398	1,449	1,059

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	1,721	1,709	1,291
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	576	596	579
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	1,173	1,070	1,106

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	1,749	1,666	1,685
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	1,721	1,709	1,291
4190	Outlays, net (total)	1,749	1,666	1,685


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	1,721	1,709	1,291
	Outlays	1,749	1,666	1,685
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			347
	Outlays			17
Total:
	Budget Authority	1,721	1,709	1,638
	Outlays	1,749	1,666	1,702


	2017–18 Academic Year	2018–19 Academic Year	2019–20 Academic Year

New Budget Authority	$930	$923	$846
Advance Appropriation	786	791	791

Total program level	1,716	1,714	1,637

Change in advance appropriation over previous year	–5	+5	0

Adult education State programs.—Funds support formula grants to States to help eliminate functional illiteracy among the Nation's adults, to assist adults in obtaining a high school diploma or its equivalent, and to promote family literacy. A portion of the funds is reserved for formula grants to States to provide English literacy and civics education for immigrants and other limited English proficient adults.

Adult education national leadership activities.—Funds support discretionary activities to evaluate the effectiveness of Federal, State, and local adult education programs, to test and demonstrate methods of improving program quality, and to provide technical assistance to States.


Identification code 091–0400–0–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	4	20	11
25.5	Research and development contracts	6	3
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	1	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	1,705	1,693	1,284

99.0	Direct obligations	1,716	1,717	1,295
99.0	Reimbursable obligations	2
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,719	1,717	1,295


Identification code 091–0400–2–1–501		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Career and technical education State grants			327
0002	Career and technical education national programs			20

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0)			347

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			347
1900	Budget authority (total)			347
1930	Total budgetary resources available			347

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			347
3020	Outlays (gross)			–17

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			330
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			330

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			347
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			17
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			347
4190	Outlays, net (total)			17

The Administration is proposing legislation reauthorizing the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, including programs in this account. When new authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for these programs.

Career and technical education State grants.—Funds would support a reauthorized formula grant program to States to expand and improve career and technical education (CTE) to ensure that participants, upon exit, are able to work in careers for which there is high demand. The Administration proposes a number of changes to the program, including: (1) directing the majority of funds for CTE State Grants to high schools to promote high-quality CTE programs that are aligned to locally-in-demand fields and incorporate strategies that allow students to work and learn at the same time, such as apprenticeship and work-based learning; (2) authorizing activities to promote and expand apprenticeships; (3) limiting secondary CTE offerings to science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields and other high-demand fields; and (4) promoting the use of evidence-based research in design and implementation of CTE programs.

Career and technical education national programs.—Funds would support a reauthorized program that would support development, demonstration, evaluation and other activities. The 2019 request would fund a competition to promote the development, enhancement, implementation, or expansion of innovative CTE programs in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, including computer science.

Federal Funds


Identification code 091–0201–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Strengthening institutions	86	86
0002	Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities	55	55	30
0003	Strengthening Alaska Native- and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions	29	27	15
0004	Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs)	324	322	85
0005	Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions	63	63
0007	Strengthening predominantly Black institutions	24	24	15
0008	Strengthening Asian American- and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions	8	8	5
0009	Strengthening Native American-serving nontribal institutions	7	8	5
0010	Minority science and engineering improvement	10	10
0011	Strengthening historically Black masters programs	8	7

0091	Subtotal, aid for institutional development	614	610	155
0101	Developing Hispanic-serving institutions	108	108
0102	Developing Hispanic-serving institution STEM and articulation programs	93	93	100
0103	Promoting baccalaureate opportunities for Hispanic Americans	10	10
0104	International education and foreign language studies	72	72
0105	Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities	12	12
0106	Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions	7	8

0191	Subtotal, other aid for institutions	302	303	100
0201	Federal TRIO programs	950	944
0202	Gaining early awareness and readiness for undergraduate programs (GEAR UP)	340	337
0203	Graduate assistance in areas of national need	28	28
0204	Child care access means parents in school	15	15

0291	Subtotal, assistance for students	1,333	1,324
0301	Teacher quality partnership	43	43

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	2,292	2,280	255

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	1	1	130
1001	Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1	1	1
1012	Unobligated balance transfers between expired and unexpired accounts	120	130

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	121	131	130
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	2,055	2,041
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	255	238	255
1230	Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced	–18

1260	Appropriations, mandatory (total)	237	238	255
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700	Collected	1
1900	Budget authority (total)	2,293	2,279	255
1930	Total budgetary resources available	2,414	2,410	385
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940	Unobligated balance expiring	–121
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	1	130	130

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	3,189	3,298	3,214
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	2,292	2,280	255
3020	Outlays (gross)	–2,125	–2,364	–2,233
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–58

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	3,298	3,214	1,236
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	3,189	3,298	3,214
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	3,298	3,214	1,236

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	2,056	2,041
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	30	61
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	1,869	1,992	1,982

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	1,899	2,053	1,982
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4030	Federal sources	–1
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	237	238	255
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority		7	8
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	226	304	243

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	226	311	251
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	2,292	2,279	255
4190	Outlays, net (total)	2,124	2,364	2,233


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	2,292	2,279	255
	Outlays	2,124	2,364	2,233
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			1,086
	Outlays			33
Total:
	Budget Authority	2,292	2,279	1,341
	Outlays	2,124	2,364	2,266

Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities.—Mandatory funds support grants to American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities with scarce resources to enable them to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions.—Mandatory funds support Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions to enable them to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities.—Mandatory funds support grants to help historically Black undergraduate institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening predominantly Black institutions.—Mandatory funds support grants to predominantly Black institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students.

Strengthening Asian American- and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions.—Mandatory funds support grants to help Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening Native American-serving nontribal institutions.—Mandatory funds support grants to help Native American-serving nontribal institutions improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Developing Hispanic-serving institutions Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math and articulation programs.—Mandatory funds support Hispanic-serving institutions to help them improve and expand their capacity to serve students with priority given to applications that propose to increase the number of Hispanics and other low-income students attaining degrees in the fields of science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; and to develop model transfer and articulation agreements between 2-year Hispanic-serving institutions and 4-year institutions in such fields.


Identification code 091–0201–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	5	3
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	1	1
25.5	Research and development contracts	3
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	2	3
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	2,281	2,273	255

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	2,292	2,280	255


Identification code 091–0201–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0002	Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities			28
0004	Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs)			245
0005	Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions			63
0010	Minority science and engineering improvement			10
0011	Strengthening historically Black masters programs			7

0091	Subtotal, aid for institutional development			353
0105	Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities			12
0106	Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions			8

0191	Subtotal, other aid for institutions			20
0201	Federal TRIO programs			550
0204	Child care access means parents in school			15

0291	Subtotal, assistance for students			565
0302	Consolidated MSI Grant			148

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			1,086

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			1,086
1930	Total budgetary resources available			1,086

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			1,086
3020	Outlays (gross)			–33

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			1,053
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			1,053

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			1,086
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			33
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			1,086
4190	Outlays, net (total)			33

The Administration is proposing legislation reauthorizing the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, and the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, including programs in this account. When new authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for these programs.

Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities.—Discretionary funds support grants to American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities with scarce resources to enable them to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities.—Discretionary funds support grants to help historically Black undergraduate institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions.—Funds support grants to historically Black graduate institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening HBCU Masters program.—Funds support grants to historically Black institutions to improve graduate education opportunities at the Masters level in scientific disciplines in which African Americans are underrepresented.

Minority science and engineering improvement.—Funds support grants to predominantly minority institutions to help them make long-range improvements in science and engineering education to increase the participation of minorities in scientific and technological careers.

Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities into higher education.—Funds support grants to institutions of higher education or consortia of such institutions to create or expand high quality, inclusive model comprehensive transition and postsecondary programs for students with intellectual disabilities.

Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions.—Funds support the operation and improvement of eligible tribally controlled postsecondary career institutions to ensure continued and expanded educational opportunities for Indian students.

Federal TRIO programs.—Funds support postsecondary education outreach and student support services to help individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds prepare for, enter, and complete college and graduate studies.

Child care access means parents in school.—Funds support a program designed to bolster the participation of low-income parents in postsecondary education through the provision of campus-based child care services.

Consolidated MSI Grant.—Funds would support grants allocated by institutional formula to minority-serving institutions that are currently eligible to receive competitive grants under certain programs currently authorized in Titles III and V of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended.


Identification code 091–0201–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources			1
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment			2
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions			1,083

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			1,086

For partial support of Howard University, $221,821,000, of which not less than $3,405,000 shall be for a matching endowment grant pursuant to the Howard University Endowment Act and shall remain available until expended.


Identification code 091–0603–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	General support	195	193	195
0002	Howard University Hospital	27	27	27

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	222	220	222

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	222	220	222
1930	Total budgetary resources available	222	220	222

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	4	4	2
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	222	220	222
3020	Outlays (gross)	–222	–222	–222

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	4	2	2
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	4	4	2
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	4	2	2

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	222	220	222
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	218	218	220
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	4	4	2

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	222	222	222
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	222	220	222
4190	Outlays, net (total)	222	222	222

Howard University is a private, nonprofit institution of higher education consisting of 13 schools and colleges. Federal funds are used to provide partial support for University programs as well as for the Howard University Hospital, a teaching facility. In 2017, the Federal appropriation represented approximately 30 percent of the University's revenue and 10 percent of the Hospital's revenue. The 2019 request is expected to be allocated in a similar manner.


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0701	Direct loan subsidy	13	20
0705	Reestimates of direct loan subsidy	145	46
0706	Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy	56	40
0709	Administrative expenses		1

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	214	107

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	20	20	20
1001	Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1	20	9
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	21	21
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	201	86
1900	Budget authority (total)	222	107
1930	Total budgetary resources available	242	127	20
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940	Unobligated balance expiring	–8
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	20	20	20

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	32	20	18
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	214	107
3020	Outlays (gross)	–214	–109	–5
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–12

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	20	18	13
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	32	20	18
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	20	18	13

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	21	21
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	1	5
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	12	18	5

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	13	23	5
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	201	86
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	201	86
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	222	107
4190	Outlays, net (total)	214	109	5


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	222	107
	Outlays	214	109	5
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			21
	Outlays			6
Total:
	Budget Authority	222	107	21
	Outlays	214	109	11

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	175	314

115999	Total direct loan levels	175	314
	Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	7.14	6.42	3.48

132999	Weighted average subsidy rate	7.14	6.42	0.00
	Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	13	20

133999	Total subsidy budget authority	13	20
	Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	12	9	5

134999	Total subsidy outlays	12	9	5
	Direct loan reestimates:
135002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	–39	75
135003	HBCU Hurricane Supplemental	185	2

135999	Total direct loan reestimates	146	77

	Administrative expense data:
3510	Budget authority	1	1
3590	Outlays from new authority	1	1

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this account records the subsidy costs associated with the direct loans obligated and loan guarantees committed in 1992 and beyond, as well as any administrative expenses for the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans (CHAFL) Program and the Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Capital Financing Program. The subsidy amounts are estimated on a present value basis; the administrative expenses are on a cash basis. These programs are administered separately but consolidated in the Budget for presentation purposes.

College housing and academic facilities loans program.—Funds for this activity pay the Federal costs of administering CHAFL, College Housing Loans (CHL), and Higher Education Facilities Loans (HEFL) programs. Prior to 1994, these programs provided financing for the construction, reconstruction, and renovation of housing, academic, and other educational facilities. Although no new loans have been awarded since 1993, the Department of Education will incur costs for administering the outstanding loans through 2030.


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment		4


Identification code 091–0241–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0701	Direct loan subsidy			20
0709	Administrative expenses			1

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)			21

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			21
1900	Budget authority (total)			21
1930	Total budgetary resources available			21

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			21
3020	Outlays (gross)			–6

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			15
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			15

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			21
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			6
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			21
4190	Outlays, net (total)			6

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0241–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities			580

115999	Total direct loan levels			580
	Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities	0.00	0.00	3.48

132999	Weighted average subsidy rate	0.00	0.00	3.48
	Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities			20

133999	Total subsidy budget authority			20
	Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134002	Historically Black Colleges and Universities			5

134999	Total subsidy outlays			5

	Administrative expense data:
3510	Budget authority			1
3590	Outlays from new authority			1

The Administration is proposing legislation reauthorizing the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, including programs in this account. When new authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for these programs.

Historically Black college and university (HBCU) capital financing program.—The HBCU Capital Financing Program provides HBCUs with access to capital financing for the repair, renovation, and construction of classrooms, libraries, laboratories, dormitories, instructional equipment, and research instrumentation. The authorizing statute gives the Department authority to enter into insurance agreements with a private for-profit Designated Bonding Authority. The bonding authority issues the loans and maintains an escrow account in which five percent of each institution's principal is deposited. The Budget requests $20.1 million in new loan subsidies, allowing the program to guarantee an estimated $580 million in new loans in 2019. The Budget also requests a 2-year period of availability for this loan subsidy. In addition, the Budget requests funds for the Federal costs of administering the program and providing technical assistance activities that improve the financial stability of HBCUs.


Identification code 091–0241–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment			4


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury		1	1

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts		1	1

	Budgetary resources:
	Financing authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected		1	1
1930	Total budgetary resources available		1	1

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts		1	1
3020	Outlays (gross)		–1	–1

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross		1	1
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)		1	1
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123	Interest repayments		–1	–1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)
4190	Outlays, net (total)


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	5	5	5

1290	Outstanding, end of year	5	5	5


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	5	5
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	–1	–1

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	4	4

1999	Total assets	4	4
	LIABILITIES:
2103	Federal liabilities: Debt	4	4

4999	Total liabilities and net position	4	4


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	2	2	2

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 43.0)	2	2	2

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1		7
1022	Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund		–7
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	1	1	1
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	11	11	11
1820	Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund	–1	–8	–8
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–2	–2	–2

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	8	1	1
1900	Budget authority (total)	9	2	2
1930	Total budgetary resources available	9	2	2
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	7

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	1	1	1
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	2	2	2
3020	Outlays (gross)	–2	–2	–2

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1	1	1
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	1	1	1
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1	1	1

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	9	2	2
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	1	2	2
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	1

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	2	2	2
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123	Non-Federal sources	–11	–11	–11
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–2	–9	–9
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–9	–9	–9


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	125	120	118
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–5	–2	–2

1290	Outstanding, end of year	120	118	116

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from direct loans obligated prior to 1992. This account includes loans made under the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans, College Housing Loans, and Higher Education Facilities Loans programs, which continue to be administered separately.


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1601	Direct loans, gross	125	120
1602	Interest receivable	3	2

1699	Value of assets related to direct loans	128	122

1999	Total assets	128	122
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2103	Debt	21	19
2104	Resources payable to Treasury	107	103

2999	Total liabilities	128	122

4999	Total liabilities and net position	128	122


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0004	Interest paid to Treasury (FFB)	42	30	30
0005	Katrina Interest expenses	4

0091	Direct program activities, subtotal	46	30	30
	Credit program obligations:
0710	Direct loan obligations	175	314
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts	42	5
0743	Interest on downward reestimates	14	4

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	231	323

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	277	353	30

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	176	330	436
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–7

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	169	330	436
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority	175	314
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	301	190	100
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–38	–45	–45

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	263	145	55
1900	Budget authority (total)	438	459	55
1930	Total budgetary resources available	607	789	491
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	330	436	461

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	235	242	405
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	277	353	30
3020	Outlays (gross)	–270	–190	–190

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	242	405	245
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	235	242	405
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	242	405	245

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	438	459	55
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	270	190	190
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Federal sources	–213	–95	–5
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–14	–20	–20
4123	Interest repayments	–36	–30	–30
4123	Principal repayments	–38	–45	–45

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–301	–190	–100

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	137	269	–45
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–31		90
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	137	269	–45
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–31		90


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	175	314

1150	Total direct loan obligations	175	314

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	1,435	1,559	1,662
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	169	158
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–45	–55	–55

1290	Outstanding, end of year	1,559	1,662	1,607

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this non-budgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Federal Government resulting from direct loans obligated in 1996 and beyond. The Federal Financing Bank (FFB) purchases bonds issued by the Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Designated Bonding Authority. Under the policies governing Federal credit programs, bonds purchased by the FFB and supported by the Department of Education with a letter of credit create the equivalent of a Federal direct loan. HBCU bonds are also available for purchase by the private sector, and these will be treated as loan guarantees. However, the Department anticipates that all HBCU loans will be financed by the FFB. The amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	150	303
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	1,435	1,559
1402	Interest receivable	12	12
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	–150	–303

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	1,297	1,268

1999	Total assets	1,447	1,571
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2102	Interest payable	12	12
2103	Debt	1,435	1,559

2999	Total liabilities	1,447	1,571

4999	Total liabilities and net position	1,447	1,571


Identification code 091–4255–2–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0004	Interest paid to Treasury (FFB)			30

0091	Direct program activities, subtotal			30
	Credit program obligations:
0710	Direct loan obligations			580

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal			580

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			610

	Budgetary resources:
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority			580
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected			100
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt			–45

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)			55
1900	Budget authority (total)			635
1930	Total budgetary resources available			635
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year			25

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			610
3020	Outlays (gross)			–190

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			420
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			420

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross			635
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)			190
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Federal sources			–5
4122	Interest on uninvested funds			–20
4123	Interest repayments			–30
4123	Principal repayments			–45

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)			–100

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)			535
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)			90
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			535
4190	Outlays, net (total)			90


Identification code 091–4255–2–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority			580

1150	Total direct loan obligations			580

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements			158
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments			–55

1290	Outstanding, end of year			103

The Administration is proposing legislation reauthorizing the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, and the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, including programs associated with this financing account. When new authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for such programs; the activity associated with that request is shown in this financing account.

Federal Funds


Identification code 091–0200–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0101	Federal Pell grants	28,565	29,658	12,979
0201	Federal supplemental educational opportunity grants (SEOG)	733	728
0202	Federal work-study	990	993

0291	Campus-based activities - Subtotal	1,723	1,721

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	30,288	31,379	12,979

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	8,669	8,479	8,503
1001	Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1	8,669	7,097
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	220

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	8,889	8,479	8,503
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	24,198	24,034
1105	Reappropriation		10
1131	Unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced	–1,310		–1,600

1160	Appropriation, discretionary (total)	22,888	24,044	–1,600
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	7,000	7,359	7,486
1900	Budget authority (total)	29,888	31,403	5,886
1930	Total budgetary resources available	38,777	39,882	14,389
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940	Unobligated balance expiring	–10
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	8,479	8,503	1,410

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	19,450	20,790	24,141
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	30,288	31,379	12,979
3011	Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts	3,509
3020	Outlays (gross)	–28,576	–28,028	–27,880
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–220
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–3,661

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	20,790	24,141	9,240
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	19,450	20,790	24,141
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	20,790	24,141	9,240

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	22,888	24,044	–1,600
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	5,167	3,902
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	17,363	18,413	20,491

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	22,530	22,315	20,491
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	7,000	7,359	7,486
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	3,191	1,913	1,946
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	2,855	3,800	5,443

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	6,046	5,713	7,389
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	29,888	31,403	5,886
4190	Outlays, net (total)	28,576	28,028	27,880


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	29,888	31,403	5,886
	Outlays	28,576	28,028	27,880
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			22,675
	Outlays			4,210
Total:
	Budget Authority	29,888	31,403	28,561
	Outlays	28,576	28,028	32,090


Identification code 091–0200–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	383	422	431
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–25	–28	–29
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	64	37	36

1290	Outstanding, end of year	422	431	438

Notes.—Figures include, in all years, institutional matching share of defaulted notes assigned from institutions to the Education Department.

Funding from the Student Financial Assistance account and related matching funds would provide more than 7.8 million awards totaling more than $30.4 billion in available aid in award year 2019–2020.

Federal Pell grants.—Pell Grants are the single largest source of grant aid for postsecondary education. Funding for this program is provided from two sources: discretionary and mandatory budget authority provided by the College Cost Reduction and Access Act, as amended, and changes to the Higher Education Act of 1965 made in the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017.

In 2019, over 7.6 million undergraduates will receive up to $4,860 from the discretionary award and an additional $1,060 from the mandatory add-on to help pay for postsecondary education. Undergraduate students establish eligibility for these grants under award and need determination rules set out in the authorizing statute and annual appropriations act.

Federal supplemental educational opportunity grants (SEOG).—Federal funds are awarded by formula to qualifying institutions, which use these funds to award grants to undergraduate students. While institutions have discretion in awarding these funds, they are required to give priority to Pell Grant recipients and other students with exceptional need. The Federal share of these grants cannot exceed 75 percent of the total grant.

Federal work-study.—Federal funds are awarded by formula to qualifying institutions, which provide part-time jobs to eligible undergraduate and graduate students. Hourly earnings under this program must be at least the Federal minimum wage. Federal funding, in most cases, pays 75 percent of a student's hourly wages, with the remaining 25 percent paid by the employer. The Federal Work-Study program also requires participating institutions to use at least seven percent of their total funds for students employed in community service jobs.

Federal Perkins loans.—Institutions award low-interest loans from institutional revolving funds, which comprise Federal Capital Contributions, institutional matching funds, and student repayments on outstanding loans. No new Federal Capital Contributions have been appropriated since 2004, and the program was authorized through September 30, 2017 by the Federal Perkins Loan Program Extension Act of 2015. The program is no longer authorized beginning in fiscal year 2018 and no new loans will be disbursed.

Iraq and Afghanistan service grants.—This program provides non-need-based grants to students whose parent or guardian was a member of the Armed Forces and died in Iraq or Afghanistan as a result of performing military service after September 11, 2001.

Funding tables.—The following tables display student aid funds available, the number of aid awards, average awards, and the unduplicated count of recipients from each Federal student aid program. Loan amounts reflect the amount actually loaned to borrowers, not the Federal cost of these loans. The data in these tables include matching funds wherever appropriate. The 2019 data in these tables reflect the Administration's Budget proposals.

AID FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING [in thousands of dollars]


	2017	2018	2019

Pell grants	$29,031,160	$29,621,005	$30,173,840
Student loans:

Subsidized Stafford loans	21,542,327	21,626,709	17,180,620
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates)	22,665,059	23,181,067	28,267,996
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students)	27,150,504	27,953,093	28,565,166
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (total)	49,815,563	51,134,160	56,833,162
Parent PLUS loans	12,512,750	13,216,658	13,824,152
Grad PLUS loans	9,942,013	10,697,108	11,175,847
PLUS loans (total)	22,454,764	23,913,765	24,999,999
Consolidation	48,762,128	50,295,066	51,848,235
Perkins loans	742,523	0	0

Student loans, subtotal	143,317,304	146,969,700	150,862,015
Work-study	1,096,080	1,088,637	221,491
Supplemental educational opportunity grants	992,875	986,132	0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants	455	490	01
TEACH grants	90,955	91,978	98,833

Total aid available	174,528,829	178,757,942	181,356,179


	2017	2018	2019

Pell grants	7,168	7,399	7,632
Subsidized Stafford loans	6,181	6,198	4,934
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates)	6,236	6,290	6,597
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students)	1,828	1,863	1,890
Parent PLUS loans	933	960	989
Grad PLUS loans	565	588	602
Consolidation loans	856	872	885
Perkins loans	338	0	0
Work-study	635	631	133
Supplemental educational opportunity grants	1,530	1,519	0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants	01	01	02
TEACH grants	34	34	34

Total awards	26,305	26,354	23,697


	2017	2018	2019

Pell grants	4,050	4,003	3,954
Subsidized Stafford loans	3,485	3,489	3,482
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates)	3,634	3,686	4,285
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students)	14,853	15,003	15,111
Parent PLUS loans	13,410	13,762	13,972
Grad PLUS loans	17,582	18,187	18,550
Consolidation loans	56,935	57,707	58,536
Perkins loans	2,199	0	0
Work-study	1,726	1,726	1,664
Supplemental educational opportunity grants	649	649	0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants	5,016	5,015	01
TEACH grants	2,705	2,714	2,893


	2017	2018	2019

Unduplicated student count	11,163	11,336	11,448


	2017	2018	2019

Pell grants	35,840	36,995	38,160
Work-study	47,920	47,595	9,684
Supplemental educational opportunity grants	13,998	13,903	0
Perkins loans	37,797	0	0


Identification code 091–0200–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0101	Federal Pell grants			17,103
0202	Federal work-study			200

0291	Campus-based activities - Subtotal			200

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)			17,303

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			22,675
1900	Budget authority (total)			22,675
1930	Total budgetary resources available			22,675
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year			5,372

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			17,303
3020	Outlays (gross)			–4,210

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			13,093
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			13,093

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			22,675
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			4,210
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			22,675
4190	Outlays, net (total)			4,210

Federal Pell grants.—The 2019 Budget request includes $22.5 billion in discretionary funding for Pell Grants in 2019, which, when combined with mandatory funding, will support a projected maximum award of $5,920. The Budget proposes to expand Pell Grant recipients' eligibility to include high-quality short-term programs that provide students with a credential, certification, or license in an in-demand field, with sufficient guardrails in place to balance students' needs with protecting taxpayer interests. The Budget also proposes to move the Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant program into the Pell Grant program to ensure the children of our fallen service members receive a full aid award, exempt from cuts due to sequestration.

Federal work-study.—The 2019 Budget includes $200.0 million for Work-Study, which would generate $221.5 million in aid to 133,073 students. The President's 2019 Budget proposes to reform the Federal Work Study program to support workforce and career-oriented training opportunities for low-income undergraduate students who can benefit the most, as opposed to subsidized employment as a means of financial aid. The Budget also proposes to reform the allocation formula in order to focus scare funds, in part, on enrollment of Pell recipients.

Federal Pell grants.—The 2019 Budget proposes to expand Pell Grant recipients' eligibility to include high-quality short-term programs that provide students with a credential, certification, or license in an in-demand field, with sufficient guardrails in place to balance students' needs with protecting taxpayer interests.

Iraq and Afghanistan service grants.—The 2019 Budget proposes to move the Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant program into the Pell Grant program to ensure the children of our fallen service members receive a full aid award.


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Student aid administration	724	632
0002	Discretionary servicing activities	862	934

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,586	1,566

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	3	3	3
1001	Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1	3
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	11

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	14	3	3
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	1,577	1,566
1120	Appropriations transferred to other acct [091–0204]	–2

1160	Appropriation, discretionary (total)	1,575	1,566
1900	Budget authority (total)	1,575	1,566
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,589	1,569	3
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	3	3	3

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	727	716	910
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1,586	1,566
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1,580	–1,372	–627
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–11
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–6

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	716	910	283
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	727	716	910
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	716	910	283

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	1,575	1,566
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	960	862
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	620	510	627

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	1,580	1,372	627
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	1,575	1,566
4190	Outlays, net (total)	1,580	1,372	627


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	1,575	1,566
	Outlays	1,580	1,372	627
Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			1,772
	Outlays			959
Total:
	Budget Authority	1,575	1,566	1,772
	Outlays	1,580	1,372	1,586

The Department of Education manages Federal student aid programs that will provide nearly $130 billion in new Federal student aid grants and loans (excluding Direct Consolidation Loans) to 11.4 million students and parents in 2019. The Offices of Postsecondary Education, the Under Secretary and Federal Student Aid (FSA) are primarily responsible for administering the Federal student financial assistance programs. FSA was created by the Congress in 1998 with a mandate to improve service to students and other student aid program participants, reduce student aid administration costs, and improve accountability and program integrity.


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent	165	171
11.3	Other than full-time permanent	2
11.5	Other personnel compensation	2	3

11.9	Total personnel compensation	169	174
12.1	Civilian personnel benefits	53	55
21.0	Travel and transportation of persons	2	2
23.1	Rental payments to GSA	20	21
24.0	Printing and reproduction	1
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	2
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	924	978
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	44	38
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	370	298

99.0	Direct obligations	1,585	1,566
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,586	1,566


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment	1,526	1,517


Identification code 091–0202–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Student aid administration			762
0002	Discretionary servicing activities			1,010

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			1,772

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation			1,772
1900	Budget authority (total)			1,772
1930	Total budgetary resources available			1,772

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			1,772
3020	Outlays (gross)			–959

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			813
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			813

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross			1,772
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority			959
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			1,772
4190	Outlays, net (total)			959

The 2019 Budget includes $762 million for student aid administration activities and $1.010 billion for loan servicing activities, for a total of $1.772 billion in discretionary budget authority. Administrative functions supported by these discretionary funds include: maintaining operations for student aid application processing, origination and disbursement functions, and student aid information technology system hosting; servicing the Department's loan portfolio; and enhancing security across applications.

Servicing costs are largely determined by volume (borrower accounts per month) and the negotiated contractual per-borrower price for each type of loan status (such as in-school, repayment, deferment, and forbearance). Changes in the distribution of borrowers in each loan status affect the total overall cost for servicing since servicers are paid more for in-repayment borrowers than for in-school borrowers and less for borrowers who are delinquent than those who are current. The servicing contracts' incentive-based pricing and the contracts' performance metrics are designed to encourage high-quality customer service and help borrowers stay current.


Identification code 091–0202–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent			168
11.5	Other personnel compensation			2

11.9	Total personnel compensation			170
12.1	Civilian personnel benefits			54
21.0	Travel and transportation of persons			2
23.1	Rental payments to GSA			20
24.0	Printing and reproduction			1
25.1	Advisory and assistance services			4
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources			1,075
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources			60
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment			385

99.0	Direct obligations			1,771
99.5	Adjustment for rounding			1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			1,772


Identification code 091–0202–2–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment			1,494


Identification code 091–0206–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0701	Direct loan subsidy	14	30	40
0705	Reestimates of direct loan subsidy	121	40
0706	Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy	18	5

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	153	75	40

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation (indefinite) - Loan subsidy	154	30	40
1200	Appropriation (indefinite) - Upward reestimate		45
1230	Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced	–1

1260	Appropriations, mandatory (total)	153	75	40
1930	Total budgetary resources available	153	75	40

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	5	5	15
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	153	75	40
3020	Outlays (gross)	–152	–64	–27
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–1	–1

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	5	15	28
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	5	5	15
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	5	15	28

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	153	75	40
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	148	60	21
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	4	4	6

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	152	64	27
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	153	75	40
4190	Outlays, net (total)	152	64	27

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0206–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001	TEACH Grants	100	131	140
	Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001	TEACH Grants	14.97	23.06	28.45

132999	Weighted average subsidy rate	14.97	23.06	28.45
	Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001	TEACH Grants	15	30	40
	Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001	TEACH Grants	14	19	27
	Direct loan reestimates:
135001	TEACH Grants	138	45

The TEACH Grant program, authorized by the College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007, awards annual grants of up to $4,000 to full- or part-time undergraduate and graduate students who agree to teach mathematics, science, foreign languages, bilingual education, special education, or reading at a high-poverty school for not less than four years within eight years of graduation. The program began awarding grants in the 2008–2009 award year. Students must have a grade point average of 3.25 or higher to be eligible to receive a grant. Students who fail to fulfill the service requirements must repay the grants, including interest accrued from the time of award.

Because TEACH Grants turn into loans in cases where the service requirements are not fulfilled, for budget and accounting purposes the program is operated consistent with the requirements of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990. This program account records subsidy costs reflecting the net present value of the estimated lifetime Federal program costs for grants awarded in a given fiscal year. Under this approach the subsidy cost reflects the cost of grant awards net of expected future repayments for grants that are converted to loans.


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0401	Payment contract collection costs		1	1
	Credit program obligations:
0710	Direct loan obligations	100	131	140
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	22	14	14

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	122	145	154

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	122	146	155

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	2	2
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	7	6	5
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–7	–2
1024	Unobligated balance of borrowing authority withdrawn	–2	–6	–5
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority	88	109	112
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1701	Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources		2	2
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	204	142	104
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–168	–107	–63

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	36	35	41
1900	Budget authority (total)	124	146	155
1930	Total budgetary resources available	124	146	155
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	2

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	67	74	105
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	122	146	155
3020	Outlays (gross)	–108	–109	–113
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–7	–6	–5

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	74	105	142
	Uncollected payments:
3060	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1	–4	–4	–6
3070	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired		–2	–2

3090	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year	–4	–6	–8
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	63	70	99
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	70	99	134

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross		2	2
	Additional offsets against gross financing authority only:
4050	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired		–2	–2
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	124	144	153
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	108	109	113
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Upward Reestimate	–138	–45
4120	Subsidy from Program Account	–14	–19	–27
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–5
4123	Payment of Principal	–38	–69	–68
4123	Interest Received	–9	–9	–9

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–204	–142	–104

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–80	2	49
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–96	–33	9
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–80	2	49
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–96	–33	9


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	100	131	140

1150	Total direct loan obligations	100	131	140

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	698	724	748
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	85	93	98
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–39	–69	–69
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–20

1290	Outstanding, end of year	724	748	777

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the TEACH Grant program. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	23	30
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	698	724
1402	Interest receivable	101	96
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	–109	–225

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	690	595

1999	Total assets	713	625
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2101	Accounts payable
2103	Debt	713	625

2999	Total liabilities	713	625

4999	Total liabilities and net position	713	625


Identification code 091–5557–0–2–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

0100	Balance, start of year	1	1	2
	Receipts:
	Current law:
1130	Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection	9	10	10

2000	Total: Balances and receipts	10	11	12
	Appropriations:
	Current law:
2101	Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection	–9	–9	–9
2103	Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection	–1
2132	Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection	1

2199	Total current law appropriations	–9	–9	–9

2999	Total appropriations	–9	–9	–9

5099	Balance, end of year	1	2	3


Identification code 091–5557–0–2–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection	1	1	1

0900	Total new obligations (object class 25.2)	1	1	1

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	13	13	14
1022	Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund	–7	–7	–7

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	6	6	7
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1201	Appropriation (special or trust fund)	9	9	9
1203	Appropriation (previously unavailable)	1
1232	Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations temporarily reduced	–1
1235	Capital transfer of appropriations to general fund	–1

1260	Appropriations, mandatory (total)	8	9	9
1930	Total budgetary resources available	14	15	16
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	13	14	15

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	1	1	1
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1	1	1
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1	–1	–1

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1	1	1
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	1	1	1
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1	1	1

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	8	9	9
	Outlays, gross:
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	1	1	1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	8	9	9
4190	Outlays, net (total)	1	1	1


Identification code 091–4257–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0102	Obligations, non-Federal	7,288	5,175	4,658

0900	Total new obligations (object class 42.0)	7,288	5,175	4,658

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	1,197	2,067	4,532
	Budget authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	8,177	7,640	7,019
1820	Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund	–19

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	8,158	7,640	7,019
1930	Total budgetary resources available	9,355	9,707	11,551
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	2,067	4,532	6,893

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1			–1,842
3001	Adjustments to unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	–221
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	7,288	5,175	4,658
3020	Outlays (gross)	–7,067	–7,017	–6,446

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year		–1,842	–3,630
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	–221		–1,842
3200	Obligated balance, end of year		–1,842	–3,630

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	8,158	7,640	7,019
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	7,067	7,017	6,446
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Federal sources	–7,298	–6,819	–6,264
4123	Non-Federal sources	–667	–623	–573

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–7,965	–7,442	–6,837

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	193	198	182
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–898	–425	–391
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	193	198	182
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–898	–425	–391

The Higher Education Amendments of 1998 clarified that reserve funds held by public and non-profit guaranty agencies participating in the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program are Federal property. These reserves are used to pay default claims from FFEL lenders and fees to support agency efforts to avert defaults. The Federal Government reimburses these reserves for default claim payments. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, increased guaranty agency reinsurance payments from 95 percent of the face value of loans to 100 percent. The following schedule reflects the balances in these guaranty agency funds.


Identification code 091–4257–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	1,197	2,076

1999	Total assets	1,197	2,076
	NET POSITION:
3300	Cumulative results of operations	1,197	2,076

4999	Total liabilities and net position	1,197	2,076


Identification code 091–0243–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0701	Direct loan subsidy	10,118	9,183	7,298
0703	Subsidy for modifications of direct loans		61
0705	Reestimates of direct loan subsidy	28,842	2,154
0706	Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy	6,578	1,863

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	45,538	13,261	7,298

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation (indefinite)	45,538	13,261	7,298
1930	Total budgetary resources available	45,538	13,261	7,298

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	6	869	820
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	45,538	13,261	7,298
3020	Outlays (gross)	–44,675	–13,035	–7,006
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired		–275

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	869	820	1,112
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	6	869	820
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	869	820	1,112

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	45,538	13,261	7,298
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	44,675	12,441	6,442
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances		594	564

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	44,675	13,035	7,006
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	45,538	13,261	7,298
4190	Outlays, net (total)	44,675	13,035	7,006


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Enacted/requested:
	Budget Authority	45,538	13,261	7,298
	Outlays	44,675	13,035	7,006
Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO:
	Budget Authority			–1,673
	Outlays			–1,271
Total:
	Budget Authority	45,538	13,261	5,625
	Outlays	44,675	13,035	5,735

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001	Stafford	25,163	24,654	24,834
115002	Unsubsidized Stafford	58,182	58,843	60,117
115003	PLUS	23,802	25,057	26,193
115004	Consolidation	50,736	50,329	51,865

115999	Total direct loan levels	157,883	158,883	163,009
	Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001	Stafford	8.76	8.30	8.71
132002	Unsubsidized Stafford	–8.97	–9.72	–3.18
132003	PLUS	–25.54	–27.79	–19.03
132004	Consolidation	15.60	14.18	9.90

132999	Weighted average subsidy rate	-.75	–2.20	0.25
	Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001	Stafford	2,204	2,046	2,163
133002	Unsubsidized Stafford	–5,219	–5,720	–1,912
133003	PLUS	–6,079	–6,963	–4,985
133004	Consolidation	7,915	7,137	5,135

133999	Total subsidy budget authority	–1,179	–3,500	401
	Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001	Stafford	1,762	1,811	1,866
134002	Unsubsidized Stafford	–6,361	–4,842	–2,604
134003	PLUS	–6,063	–6,446	–5,381
134004	Consolidation	8,058	7,140	5,140
134005	Federal Direct Student Loans		61

134999	Total subsidy outlays	–2,604	–2,276	–979
	Direct loan reestimates:
135005	Federal Direct Student Loans	28,430	–11,538

135999	Total direct loan reestimates	28,430	–11,538

	Administrative expense data:
3580	Outlays from balances		6

The Federal Government has two major student loan programs: the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) program. The Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans; as of July 1, 2010, the Direct Loan program originates all new loans. This narrative outlines the structure of these two programs and provides text tables displaying program cost data; loan volume, subsidy, default, and interest rates; and other descriptive information.

From its inception in 1965 through the end of June 2010, the FFEL program guaranteed almost $899 billion in loans to postsecondary students and their parents. Although no new FFEL loans have been originated since July 1, 2010, $210 billion of outstanding FFEL loans continue to be serviced by lenders and guaranty agencies. The 2019 Budget proposes to eliminate the payment of Account Maintenance Fees to guaranty agencies.

Under the Direct Loan program, the Federal Government provides loan capital through the Treasury while the Department of Education loan origination and servicing is handled by private and not-for-profit loan servicers under performance-based contracts with the Department. The Direct Loan program began operation in award year 1994–1995, originating seven percent of overall loan volume. In 2019, excluding Consolidation Loans, the Direct Loan program will make $99.0 billion in new loans available.

The Direct Loan program offers four types of loans: Subsidized Stafford; Unsubsidized Stafford; PLUS; and Consolidation. Loans can be used for qualified educational expenses. Undergraduates with financial need may receive a subsidized Stafford loan (graduate and professional students are not eligible). The other three loan programs are available to borrowers at all income levels. The Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013 changed how student loan interest rates are set. The rates are set annually for loans originated in the upcoming award year based on the 10-year Treasury note; those rates will remain fixed for the life of the loan. For Subsidized Stafford loans available to undergraduates, the interest rate will be equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 2.05 percent and capped at 8.25 percent. Loans originated in award year 2017–2018 have an interest rate of 4.45 percent. Interest payments for these loans are fully subsidized by the Federal Government while a student is in school (up to 150 percent of program length) and during grace and deferment periods. The interest rate on new Unsubsidized Stafford loans for undergraduate borrowers is the same as that on subsidized Stafford loans for undergraduates. The Unsubsidized Stafford loan interest rate for graduate and professional students is equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 3.6 percent and capped at 9.5 percent. Loans originated in award year 2017–2018 have an interest rate of 6.00 percent. The borrower interest rate on PLUS loans to graduate and professional students and parents of undergraduate borrowers is equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 4.6 percent and capped at 10.5 percent. PLUS loans originated in award year 2016–2017 have an interest rate of 7.00 percent.

Consolidation loans allow borrowers to combine FFEL, Direct Loans, and Perkins Loans, as well as some loans made under the Public Health Service Act. The interest rate for new Consolidation loans equals the weighted average of the interest rate on the loans consolidated, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent. For most types of Direct Loans, the origination fee is a base rate of one percent, but an additional surcharge for sequestration was added in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. The base origination fee for PLUS loans is four percent, but has included an additional surcharge in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Borrowers may choose from four basic types of repayment plans: standard; graduated; extended (available for qualified borrowers who have outstanding loans of more than $30,000); and income-driven. FFEL borrowers may change repayment plans annually. Direct Loan borrowers may switch between repayment plans at any time. The maximum repayment period is 10 years for standard and graduated plans, as well as the income-sensitive repayment plan that is available only for FFEL loans. Under the current income-driven administrative Pay As You Earn (PAYE) and statutory Income-Based-Repayment (IBR) plans, for new borrowers after 2014, the repayment period is 20 years. Under the current income-driven administrative Revised PAYE plan, the repayment period is 20 or 25 years depending on whether the borrower has any graduate school loans. And, under the extended, former IBR (for borrowers prior to 2014), and income-contingent repayment plans, the maximum time is 25 years. PAYE and IBR require partial financial hardship in order to qualify for reduced payments and borrowers in those plans have their monthly payments capped at the monthly payment of the 10-year Standard plan. At the end of the repayment term, the borrower's remaining balance is forgiven.

Federal student loans have other benefits. For example, Federal student loans can be discharged when borrowers die, become totally and permanently disabled, or, under some circumstances, declare bankruptcy. In addition, there are several loan forgiveness programs. For example, new borrowers after October 1, 1998, who are employed as teachers in schools serving low-income populations for five consecutive, complete school years, qualify for up to $5,000 in loan forgiveness; this benefit is increased to $17,500 for mathematics, science, and special education teachers considered highly qualified under criteria established in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. In addition, under the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program, qualifying borrowers who have worked for 10 years in the public sector and made 120 qualifying monthly payments in the standard or income-driven plans can have any remaining loan balance forgiven. This benefit is only available in the Direct Loan program, though FFEL borrowers may receive the benefit by taking out a Direct Consolidation Loan. Forgiveness is available for all Direct Loan borrowers, regardless of when they took out their loans.

In accordance with OMB Memorandum M-05–13, the 2019 Budget assumes the implementation of an administrative action to offset the cost of the Department's announcement to forgive interest that accrues on rejected borrower defense claims after they have been pending for over a year.

The 2019 Budget would replace the five current Income Driven repayment (IDR) plans with one new single IDR plan to make choosing a repayment plan less complex. The new IDR plan would become the only income-driven repayment plan for borrowers who originate their first loan on or after July 1, 2019, with an exception for students who borrowed their first loans prior to July 1, 2019 and who are borrowing to complete their current course of study. The single IDR plan would: cap payments at 12.5% of discretionary monthly income while eliminating the standard repayment cap; limit loan payments to 15 years for borrowers with undergraduate debt only and 30 years for borrowers with any graduate debt—any remaining amounts owed after these repayment periods would be forgiven; calculate payments for married borrowers filing separately on the combined household Adjusted Gross Income; and eliminate Public Service Loan Forgiveness. As with the single IDR plan, these policies would apply to loans originated on or after July 1, 2019, with an exception for students continuing to borrow to complete their current course of study.

To further improve the implementation and effectiveness of IDR, the Budget proposes auto-enrolling severely delinquent borrowers and instituting a process for borrowers to consent to share income data for multiple years. To facilitate these program improvements, and to reduce improper payments, the Budget proposes to streamline the Department of Education's ability to verify applicants' income data held by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

The following tables display performance indicators and program data; including projected overall Direct Loan and FFEL costs.


	2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

PROGRAM COST:
FFEL:
Liquidating1	($159,084)	($212,095)	($186,626)
Program:
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs	10,785,834	2,309,656	0
Net Modification2	0	0	(655,510)

Subtotal, Program	10,785,834	2,309,656	(655,510)

Total, FFEL	10,626,030	2,097,561	(842,137)
Direct Loans:
Program:
New Net Loan Subsidies	(1,178,905)	(3,499,805)	(8,534,746)
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs	28,430,232	11,537,671	0
Net Modification3	0	60,817	0

Total, Direct Loans	27,251,327	(14,976,659)	(8,534,746)

Total, FFEL and Direct Loans	37,877,357	(12,879,098)	(9,376,883)
PROGRAM COST OUTLAYS:
FFEL:
Liquidating1	(249,517)	(212,095)	(186,626)
Program:
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs	10,785,834	2,309,656	0
Net Modification2	0	0	(655,510)

Subtotal, Program	10,785,834	2,309,656	(655,510)

Total, FFEL	10,536,317	2,097,561	(842,137)
Direct Loans:
Program:
Regular	(2,604,108)	(2,337,166)	(6,628,493)
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs	28,430,232	(11,537,671)	0
Net Modification3	0	60,817	0

Total, Direct Loans	25,826,124	(13,814,020)	(6,628,493)

Total, FFEL and Direct Loans	36,362,441	(11,716,459)	(7,470,630)


	2017 est.	2018 est.	2019 est.

Direct Loans:
Stafford	21.83	23.67	15.69
Unsubsidized Stafford
Undergraduate	23.28	26.84	16.59
Graduate/Professional	7.02	7.62	6.10
PLUS
Parent PLUS	9.46	8.63	9.60
Grad PLUS	4.72	8.28	4.67
Consolidation	21.73	17.77	18.07

Weighted Average, Direct Loans	16.93	16.63	13.49

FFEL program payments are made to lenders (interest subsidies, loan defaults, and discharges) and guaranty agencies (default collection costs, administrative services). These payments are partially offset by an annual consolidation loan holder fee. In Direct Loans, cash outflows are primarily payments to Treasury. Cash inflows include principal and interest payments on outstanding Direct Loans.

The following table shows Government payments to and from lenders, guaranty agencies, and borrowers for specific years, regardless of when loans were originated. These flows do not reflect long-term costs to the Government, nor the value of outstanding loan assets, which are reflected in credit reform subsidy estimates.

The Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 accounts for differences in the amount and timing of cash flows among direct and guaranteed loan programs to make cost estimates for these programs comparable with each other and other Federal programs.


	2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

FFEL:
Payments to lenders:
Interest benefits	$796,464	$139,841	$86,583
Special allowance payments1	(2,653,374)	(973,649)	(277,117)
Default claims	6,153,045	4,293,222	3,710,124
Loan discharges	2,078,181	821,362	806,659
Teacher loan forgiveness	93,979	5,221	306

Administrative payments to guaranty agencies	126,710	118,291	54,275

Fees paid to the Department of Education:
Loan holder fees	(1,358,212)	(527,470)	(385,234)
Other Major Transactions:
Net default collections	(9,452,707)	(7,786,726)	(6,992,329)
Contract collection costs	32,696	61,234	68,198
Federal administrative costs	34,476	37,346	40,400

Net Cash Flow, FFEL	(4,148,743)	(3,811,329)	(2,888,136)
Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans (ECASLA):
Inflows	(14,901,323)	(11,143,556)	(9,907,893)
Outflows	14,361,236	11,143,556	9,907,893
Federal administrative costs	146,524	158,723	171,700

Net Cash Flow, ECASLA	(393,562)	158,723	171,100
Direct Loans:
Loan disbursements to borrowers	142,472,024	146,704,789	149,469,816
Borrower interest payments	(16,286,650)	(23,054,162)	(25,589,192)
Borrower principal payments	(60,053,491)	(62,287,774)	(67,381,140)
Borrower origination fees	(1,693,966)	(1,780,462)	(1,747,442)
Net default collections	(3,984,985)	(7,638,132)	(8,476,989)
Contract collection costs	609,455	919,158	989,255
Federal administrative costs	707,782	764,253	825,383

Net operating cash flows	61,770,169	53,627,668	48,089,691
Loan capital borrowings from Treasury	(142,472,024)	(146,704,789)	(149,469,816)
Net interest payments to Treasury	27,027,725	31,318,690	33,630,842
Principal payments to Treasury	83,945,165	66,574,004	68,547,182

Subtotal, Treasury activity	(31,499,134)	(48,812,095)	(47,291,791)

Net Cash Flow, Direct Loans	30,271,036	4,815,573	797,900

Student Loan Program Costs: Analysis of Direct Loans Including Program and Administrative Expenses (expressed as percentages)


	2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Direct Loans:
New Loans:
Stafford	9.20	8.30	6.40
Unsubsidized Stafford
Undergraduate	-.88	–6.21	–8.69
Graduate/Professional	–2.62	–12.64	–12.62
PLUS
Parent PLUS	–31.04	–31.40	–34.19
Grad PLUS	–1.22	–23.33	–19.09

Subtotal, new loan subsidy	–2.76	–9.76	–11.57

Federal administrative costs	1.70	1.70	1.70

Subtotal, new loans	–1.06	–8.06	–9.87

Consolidation Loans
Loan subsidy	3.58	14.18	8.43
Federal administrative costs	0.38	0.38	0.38

Subtotal, consolidation loans	3.96	14.56	8.81

New and Consolidation Loans
Loan subsidy	–0.75	–2.18	–5.20
Federal administrative costs	1.45	1.45	1.45

Total, Direct Loans	0.70	–0.73	–3.75

The table above describes Direct Loan costs on a subsidy rate basis: program costs calculated under the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 and comparably projected estimates of Federal administrative costs. As with any long-term projection, the comparison is based on assumed future interest rates, borrower characteristics, administrative costs, and other factors over the life of the loan cohort. To the degree actual conditions differ from projections, estimated subsidy rates will change.

The Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 requires the cost of existing loan cohorts to be reestimated to reflect changes in actual and assumed borrower behavior, interest rates, and other factors. The following table shows the impact of these reestimates in FFEL and Direct Loans.


	FFEL	Direct Loans

Original Subsidy Costs	+$77.1	-$113.6
Cumulative Reestimates	-$50.1	+$38.6
Net Subsidy Costs	+$26.9	-$75.0
Total Disbursements	+$898.7	+$1,356.1

Changes in interest rate projections are a significant factor in FFEL and Direct Loan reestimates; recent declines in interest rates below historical averages have been a major driver in changes to program costs. For Direct Loans, several other assumptions were reestimated that contributed to the downward reestimate, including changes to the income-driven repayment plan model. ,.Model assumptions affecting the 2017 cohort were also updated. These technical assumptions were not updated in the 2018 Budget due to the requirement in the Federal Credit Reform Act that estimates be based on current assumptions, as defined in section 250(c)(9) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.


Subsidies by Repayment Option	2017 actual1	2018 est.	2019 est.

Stafford:
Standard	6.79	6.30	4.20
Extended	3.20	0.01	0.39
Graduated	1.10	1.58	–1.95
IDR2	18.19	22.77	12.39
Unsubsidized Stafford:
Standard	–13.40	–17.66	–18.44
Extended	–19.72	–34.76	–25.88
Graduated	–22.32	–31.58	–29.09
IDR	17.82	22.46	1.22
PLUS:
Standard	–29.84	–31.58	–32.83
Extended	–36.31	–50.86	–40.81
Graduated	–43.41	–51.59	–48.23
IDR	20.60	19.22	7.26
Consolidated:
Standard	–16.49	–14.95	–14.23
Extended	–26.30	–20.99	–20.89
Graduated	–40.33	–20.47	–30.19
IDR	17.84	27.78	21.22


Volumes by Repayment Option	2017 actual1	2018 est.	2019 est.

Stafford:
Standard	$14,372	$17,696	$9.854
Extended	467	439	372
Graduated	2,928	2,623	2,229
IDR2	6,783	3,896	7,091
Unsubsidized Stafford:
Standard	24,756	35,276	24,895
Extended	2,216	2,232	2,469
Graduated	6,826	6,544	7,328
IDR	23,519	14,791	30,713
PLUS:
Standard	13,565	19,338	14,708
Extended	957	745	1,076
Graduated	2,466	1,976	2,726
IDR	6,541	2,998	7,683
Consolidated:
Standard	10,162	10,558	9,758
Extended	2,005	1,591	2,067
Graduated	4,444	3,224	4,488
IDR	31,184	34,956	35,571


Identification code 091–0243–4–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0701	Direct loan subsidy			–1,673

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)			–1,673

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation (indefinite)			–1,673
1930	Total budgetary resources available			–1,673

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			–1,673
3020	Outlays (gross)			1,271

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			–402
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			–402

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross			–1,673
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority			–1,271
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			–1,673
4190	Outlays, net (total)			–1,271

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–4–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001	Stafford			–5,288
115002	Unsubsidized Stafford			5,288
115004	Consolidation			19

115999	Total direct loan levels			19
	Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001	Stafford	0.00	0.00	–2.31
132002	Unsubsidized Stafford	0.00	0.00	–7.48
132003	PLUS	0.00	0.00	–8.41
132004	Consolidation	0.00	0.00	–1.47

132999	Weighted average subsidy rate	0.00	0.00	–5.49
	Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001	Stafford			–912
133002	Unsubsidized Stafford			–5,060
133003	PLUS			–2,203
133004	Consolidation			–761

133999	Total subsidy budget authority			–8,936
	Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001	Stafford			–514
134002	Unsubsidized Stafford			–3,003
134003	PLUS			–1,376
134004	Consolidation			–757

134999	Total subsidy outlays			–5,650


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0301	Consolidation loans-Payment of Orig. Services	27	27	27
0401	Payment of contract collection costs	610	918	989
	Credit program obligations:
0710	Direct loan obligations	157,883	158,883	163,009
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	31,286	31,319	33,448
0740	Negative subsidy obligations	11,298	12,683	6,897
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts	6,693	11,015
0743	Interest on downward reestimates	296	4,540

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	207,456	218,440	203,354

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	208,093	219,385	204,370

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	4,999	6,259
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	12,834	13,091	13,353
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–9,289	–6,259
1024	Unobligated balance of borrowing authority withdrawn	–8,126	–13,091	–13,353
1033	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations	2

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	420
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority	166,338	178,194	162,877
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	130,951	107,790	110,184
1801	Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources	588	–24	22
1820	Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund		–1
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–83,945	–66,574	–68,713

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	47,594	41,191	41,493
1900	Budget authority (total)	213,932	219,385	204,370
1930	Total budgetary resources available	214,352	219,385	204,370
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	6,259

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	74,418	76,722	77,203
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	208,093	219,385	204,370
3020	Outlays (gross)	–192,955	–205,813	–191,919
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–12,834	–13,091	–13,353

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	76,722	77,203	76,301
	Uncollected payments:
3060	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1		–588	–564
3070	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired	–588	24	–22

3090	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year	–588	–564	–586
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	74,418	76,134	76,639
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	76,134	76,639	75,715

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	213,932	219,385	204,370
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	192,955	205,813	191,919
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Upward reestimate	–28,842	–2,154
4120	Upward reestimate, interest	–6,577	–1,863
4120	Upward Modification		–61
4120	Program subsidy	–9,256	–8,951	–7,006
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–4,259
4123	Repayment of principal, Stafford	–13,607	–15,912	–16,575
4123	Interest received on loans, Stafford	–2,460	–3,126	–3,275
4123	Origination Fees, Stafford	–237	–231	–221
4123	Other fees, Stafford	–47
4123	Repayment of principal, Unsubsidized Stafford	–27,445	–29,441	–32,250
4123	Interest received on loans, Unsubsidized Stafford	–6,371	–7,018	–7,705
4123	Origination Fees, Unsubsidized Stafford	–542	–548	–524
4123	Other fees, Unsubsidized Stafford	–50
4123	Repayment of principal, PLUS	–11,512	–12,079	–13,653
4123	Interest received on loans, PLUS	–3,171	–3,593	–4,059
4123	Origination Fees, PLUS	–915	–1,003	–1,002
4123	Other fees, PLUS	–14
4123	Payment of principal, Consolidation	–10,043	–12,493	–13,352
4123	Interest received on loans, Consolidation	–5,554	–9,317	–10,562
4123	Other fees, Consolidation	–51

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–130,953	–107,790	–110,184
	Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4140	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired	–588	24	–22
4143	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts	2

4150	Additional offsets against budget authority only (total)	–586	24	–22

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	82,393	111,619	94,164
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	62,002	98,023	81,735
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	82,393	111,619	94,164
4190	Outlays, net (total)	62,002	98,023	81,735


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	25,163	24,654	24,834

1150	Total direct loan obligations	25,163	24,654	24,834

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	203,123	214,839	220,153
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	21,506	21,624	21,722
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–13,607	–15,912	–16,575
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest	4,847	97	81
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–1,030	–495	–539

1290	Outstanding, end of year	214,839	220,153	224,842

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	58,182	58,843	60,117

1150	Total direct loan obligations	58,182	58,843	60,117

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	318,705	346,799	374,018
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	49,549	51,306	51,406
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–27,445	–29,441	–32,250
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest	7,605	6,399	6,574
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–1,615	–1,045	–1,167

1290	Outstanding, end of year	346,799	374,018	398,581

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	23,802	25,057	26,193

1150	Total direct loan obligations	23,802	25,057	26,193

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	103,660	116,515	128,916
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	22,419	23,486	24,520
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–11,512	–12,079	–13,653
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest	2,473	1,392	1,510
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–525	–398	–451

1290	Outstanding, end of year	116,515	128,916	140,842

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority	50,736	50,329	51,865

1150	Total direct loan obligations	50,736	50,329	51,865

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	277,263	320,669	357,451
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	48,999	50,288	51,822
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–10,043	–12,493	–13,352
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest	5,854
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–1,404	–1,013	–1,188

1290	Outstanding, end of year	320,669	357,451	394,733

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from Federal Direct Student Loans. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
1101	Fund balances with Treasury	19,273	24,545
	Investments in US securities:
1106	Receivables, net	19,594	4,197
1206	Non-Federal assets: Receivables, net	52
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	902,751	998,822
1402	Interest receivable	50,833	59,538
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	5,294	–16,806

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	958,878	1,041,554
1901	Other Federal assets: Other assets	3

1999	Total assets	997,800	1,070,296
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2101	Accounts payable		3,727
2103	Debt	994,285	1,061,559
2105	Other		5,010
2201	Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable	3,515

2999	Total liabilities	997,800	1,070,296

4999	Total liabilities and net position	997,800	1,070,296


Identification code 091–4253–4–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0710	Direct loan obligations			19
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury			183
0740	Negative subsidy obligations			7,263

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal			7,465

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			7,465

	Budgetary resources:
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority			8,840
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected			–1,255
1801	Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources			–286
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt			166

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)			–1,375
1900	Budget authority (total)			7,465
1930	Total budgetary resources available			7,465

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			7,465
3020	Outlays (gross)			–4,561

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year			2,904
	Uncollected payments:
3070	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired			286

3090	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year			286
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200	Obligated balance, end of year			3,190

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross			7,465
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)			4,561
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Program subsidy			1,271
4123	Repayment of principal, Stafford			1
4123	Origination Fees, Stafford			25
4123	Interest received on loans, Unsubsidized Stafford			1
4123	Origination Fees, Unsubsidized Stafford			–25
4123	Payment of principal, Consolidation			–28
4123	Interest received on loans, Consolidation			10

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)			1,255
	Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4140	Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired			286

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)			9,006
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)			5,816
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			9,006
4190	Outlays, net (total)			5,816


Identification code 091–4253–4–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority			–5,288

1150	Total direct loan obligations			–5,288

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements			–2,509
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments			1
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)			1

1290	Outstanding, end of year			–2,507

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority			5,288

1150	Total direct loan obligations			5,288

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements			2,490
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)			–2

1290	Outstanding, end of year			2,488

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments			1

1290	Outstanding, end of year			1

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111	Direct loan obligations from current-year authority			19

1150	Total direct loan obligations			19

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements			19
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments			–28

1290	Outstanding, end of year			–9


Identification code 091–0231–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0705	Reestimates of direct loan subsidy	3,746	837
0706	Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy	1,044	268
0707	Reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy	2,335	839
0708	Interest on reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy	4,031	602

0900	Total new obligations (object class 41.0)	11,156	2,546

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation	11,156	2,546
1930	Total budgetary resources available	11,156	2,546

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	11,156	2,546
3020	Outlays (gross)	–11,156	–2,546

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	11,156	2,546
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	11,156	2,546
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	11,156	2,546
4190	Outlays, net (total)	11,156	2,546

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0231–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct loan reestimates:
135010	Direct Participation Agreement Reestimates	3,320	383
135012	Direct Standard Put Reestimates	1,471	495

135999	Total direct loan reestimates	4,791	878
	Guaranteed loan reestimates:
235006	FFEL Guarantees	5,996	1,431

235999	Total guaranteed loan reestimates	5,996	1,431

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this program account records the subsidy costs associated with Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), formerly guaranteed student loans, committed in 1992 and beyond. Beginning with the 1993 cohort of loans, mandatory administrative costs, specifically contract collection costs, are included in the FFEL subsidy estimates of each year's cohort. Subsidy amounts are estimated on a net present value basis.

A description of the FFEL program and accompanying tables are included under the Federal Direct Student Loan program account.

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0231–4–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Guaranteed loan subsidy outlays:
234006	FFEL Guarantees			–656

234999	Total subsidy outlays			–656


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0101	Default claims	1,108	527	432
0102	Special allowance	88	6	3
0103	Interest benefits	401	96	57
0104	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	323	76	65
0105	Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs	57	2
0107	Contract collection costs	8	18	19
0109	Rehab purchase fee		5	5
0110	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees		10	7

0191	Subtotal, Stafford loans	1,985	740	588
0202	Default claims	1,357	580	471
0203	Special allowance	90	8	6
0204	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	421	82	64
0205	Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs	17	3
0207	Contract collection costs	6	14	16
0209	Rehab purchase fee		4	4
0210	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees		10	7

0291	Subtotal, Unsubsidized Stafford loans	1,891	701	568
0301	Default claims	205	77	54
0304	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	133	22	21
0307	Contract Collection Costs	1	2	2
0309	Rehab purchase fee		1	1
0310	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees		1	1

0391	Subtotal, PLUS loans	339	103	79
0403	Default claims	5
0405	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	2
0409	Rehab purchase fee		1	1

0491	Subtotal, SLS loans	7	1	1
0501	Default claims	3,445	3,084	2,734
0502	Special allowance	48	173	250
0503	Interest benefits	393	42	27
0504	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	1,178	622	640
0505	Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs	20
0507	Contract collection costs	11	22	27
0509	Rehab purchase fee		5	5
0510	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees	127	97	94

0591	Subtotal, Consolidations loans	5,222	4,045	3,777
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	2,083	1,565	1,048
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts	217	3
0743	Interest on downward reestimates	153	7

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	2,453	1,575	1,048

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	11,897	7,165	6,061

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	8,978	16,048	19,534
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	506
1033	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations	437

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	9,921	16,048	19,534
	Financing authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	20,138	10,651	7,685
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–2,114

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	18,024	10,651	7,685
1900	Budget authority (total)	18,024	10,651	7,685
1930	Total budgetary resources available	27,945	26,699	27,219
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	16,048	19,534	21,158

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	1,219	1,264	1,264
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	11,897	7,165	6,061
3020	Outlays (gross)	–11,346	–7,165	–6,061
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–506

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	1,264	1,264	1,264
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	1,219	1,264	1,264
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	1,264	1,264	1,264

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	18,024	10,651	7,685
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	11,346	7,165	6,061
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Upward reestimate	–2,335	–839
4120	Interest on upward reestimate	–4,031	–602
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–820
4123	Stafford recoveries on defaults	–2,589	–1,561	–1,318
4123	Stafford other fees	–83
4123	Stafford special allowance rebate	–634	–221	–98
4123	Unsubsidized Stafford recoveries on default	–2,000	–1,541	–1,305
4123	Unsubsidized Stafford other fees	–64
4123	Unsubsidized Stafford special allowance rebate	–826	–409	–206
4123	PLUS recoveries on defaults	–387	–195	–165
4123	PLUS other fees	–12
4123	PLUS special allowance rebate	–260	–62	–33
4123	SLS recoveries on defaults	–18	–5	–4
4123	SLS other fees	–1
4123	Consolidation recoveries on defaults	–3,874	–4,222	–3,971
4123	Consolidation loan holders fee	–1,358	–527	–385
4123	Consolidation other fees	–124
4123	Consolidation special allowance rebate	–1,159	–467	–200

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–20,575	–10,651	–7,685
	Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4143	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts	437

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–2,114
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–9,229	–3,486	–1,624
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–2,114
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–9,229	–3,486	–1,624


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	25,897	22,472	20,516
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–1,481	–1,352	–619
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–1,432	–527	–432
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–323	–76	–65
2264	Other adjustments, net	–189	–1

2290	Outstanding, end of year	22,472	20,516	19,400

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	21,348	19,490	18,430

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	5,461	4,367	3,451
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	1,432	527	432
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–2,242	–1,561	–1,318
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–323	–232	–178
2364	Other adjustments, net	39	350	325

2390	Outstanding, end of year	4,367	3,451	2,712

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	30,806	27,011	24,495
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–1,762	–1,854	–1,019
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–1,779	–580	–471
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–421	–82	–64
2264	Other adjustments, net	167

2290	Outstanding, end of year	27,011	24,495	22,941

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	25,661	23,270	21,794

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	10,030	9,743	8,416
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	1,779	580	471
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–1,732	–1,541	–1,305
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–421	–366	–317
2364	Other adjustments, net	87

2390	Outstanding, end of year	9,743	8,416	7,265

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	5,590	4,672	4,262
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–320	–225	–121
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–338	–163	–124
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–133	–22	–21
2264	Other adjustments, net	–127

2290	Outstanding, end of year	4,672	4,262	3,996

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	4,438	4,049	3,796

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	529	403	278
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	338	163	124
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–335	–195	–165
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–133	–93	–59
2364	Other adjustments, net	4

2390	Outstanding, end of year	403	278	178

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	57	52	51
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–3	–1
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–7
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–2
2264	Other adjustments, net	7

2290	Outstanding, end of year	52	51	51

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	49	48	48

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	273	265	259
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	7
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–15	–5	–4
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–2	–2	–1
2364	Other adjustments, net	2	1

2390	Outstanding, end of year	265	259	254

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	134,018	121,751	110,545
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–7,665	–7,500	–5,526
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–4,623	–3,084	–2,734
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–1,178	–622	–640
2264	Other adjustments, net	1,199

2290	Outstanding, end of year	121,751	110,545	101,645

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	115,663	105,017	96,562

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	19,352	19,617	17,423
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	4,623	3,084	2,734
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–3,354	–4,222	–3,971
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–1,178	–1,056	–925
2364	Other adjustments, net	174		400

2390	Outstanding, end of year	19,617	17,423	15,661

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from Federal Family Education Loans, formerly guaranteed student loans, committed in 1992 and beyond. The amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
1101	Fund balances with Treasury	9,824	16,939
	Investments in US securities:
1106	Receivables, net	5,252	188
1206	Non-Federal assets: Receivables, net	14
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1501	Defaulted guaranteed loans receivable, gross	35,645	34,395
1502	Interest receivable	6,562	7,217
1505	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	–12,398	–13,838

1599	Net present value of assets related to defaulted guaranteed loans	29,809	27,774
1901	Other Federal assets: Other assets	1	2

1999	Total assets	44,900	44,903
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2101	Accounts payable	212
2103	Debt	43,254	41,140
2105	Other		122
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2201	Accounts payable	17	6
2204	Liabilities for loan guarantees	1,417	3,635

2999	Total liabilities	44,900	44,903

4999	Total liabilities and net position	44,900	44,903


Identification code 091–4251–4–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0110	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees			–4

0191	Subtotal, Stafford loans			–4
0210	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees			–3

0291	Subtotal, Unsubsidized Stafford loans			–3
0310	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees			–1

0391	Subtotal, PLUS loans			–1
0510	Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees			–47

0591	Subtotal, Consolidations loans			–47
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury			55
0741	Modification savings			656

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal			711

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts			656

	Budgetary resources:
	Financing authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation			59
1900	Budget authority (total)			59
1930	Total budgetary resources available			59
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year			–597

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts			656
3020	Outlays (gross)			–656

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross			59
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)			656
4180	Budget authority, net (total)			59
4190	Outlays, net (total)			656


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0006	Contract collection costs	69	88	80
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	1,659	1,550	1,418
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts		59
0743	Interest on downward reestimates		16

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	1,659	1,625	1,418

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	1,728	1,713	1,498

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	873	172
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	4
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–873	–172

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	4
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority		74
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	9,605	6,566	6,113
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–7,709	–4,927	–4,615

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	1,896	1,639	1,498
1900	Budget authority (total)	1,896	1,713	1,498
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,900	1,713	1,498
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	172

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	660	658	658
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	1,728	1,713	1,498
3020	Outlays (gross)	–1,726	–1,713	–1,498
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–4

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	658	658	658
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	660	658	658
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	658	658	658

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	1,896	1,713	1,498
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	1,726	1,713	1,498
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Upward reestimate	–2,583	–346
4120	Upward reestimate interest	–736	–112
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–174
4123	Principal repayments	–4,963	–4,777	–4,889
4123	Interest repayments	–1,130	–1,331	–1,224
4123	Fees and other refunds	–19

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–9,605	–6,566	–6,113

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–7,709	–4,853	–4,615
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–7,879	–4,853	–4,615
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–7,709	–4,853	–4,615
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–7,879	–4,853	–4,615


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	44,434	40,287	35,475
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–4,963	–4,777	–4,889
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest		49	26
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	816	–84	–80

1290	Outstanding, end of year	40,287	35,475	30,532

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the participation interest program authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
1101	Fund balances with Treasury	1,534	831
	Investments in US securities:
1106	Receivables, net	2,322	620
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	44,434	40,287
1402	Interest receivable	3,600	3,948
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	4,348	2,072

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	52,382	46,307

1999	Total assets	56,238	47,758
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2101	Accounts payable
2103	Debt	56,237	47,654
2105	Other		104
2201	Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable	1

2999	Total liabilities	56,238	47,758

4999	Total liabilities and net position	56,238	47,758


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0005	Contract collection costs	48	52	48
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	867	1,044	826
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts		120
0743	Interest on downward reestimates		32

0791	Direct program activities, subtotal	867	1,196	826

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	915	1,248	874

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	398	365
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	3
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–398	–365

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	3
	Financing authority:
	Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400	Borrowing authority		151
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	5,128	4,380	3,664
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–3,851	–3,283	–2,790

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	1,277	1,097	874
1900	Budget authority (total)	1,277	1,248	874
1930	Total budgetary resources available	1,280	1,248	874
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	365

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	11	10	10
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	915	1,248	874
3020	Outlays (gross)	–913	–1,248	–874
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–3

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	10	10	10
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	11	10	10
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	10	10	10

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	1,277	1,248	874
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	913	1,248	874
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120	Upward reestimate	–1,163	–491
4120	Upward reestimate interest	–308	–156
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–73
4123	Principal repayments	–2,881	–2,930	–2,934
4123	Borrower interest repayments	–689	–803	–730
4123	Fees and other refunds	–14

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–5,128	–4,380	–3,664

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–3,851	–3,132	–2,790
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–4,215	–3,132	–2,790
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–3,851	–3,132	–2,790
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–4,215	–3,132	–2,790


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	23,867	21,374	18,426
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–2,881	–2,930	–2,934
1261	Adjustments: Capitalized interest		32	17
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	388	–50	–48

1290	Outstanding, end of year	21,374	18,426	15,461

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the standard and short-term Put programs authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
1101	Fund balances with Treasury	240	205
	Investments in US securities:
1106	Receivables, net	1,050	459
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	23,867	21,374
1402	Interest receivable	2,090	2,224
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	2,922	1,657

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	28,879	25,255

1999	Total assets	30,169	25,919
	LIABILITIES:
	Federal liabilities:
2101	Accounts payable
2103	Debt	30,169	25,919
2201	Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable

2999	Total liabilities	30,169	25,919

4999	Total liabilities and net position	30,169	25,919


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0003	Contract collection costs	8	17	13
	Credit program obligations:
0713	Payment of interest to Treasury	52	46	11

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	60	63	24

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	14	12
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	2
1023	Unobligated balances applied to repay debt	–14	–12

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	2
	Financing authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	168	198	131
1825	Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt	–98	–135	–107

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	70	63	24
1930	Total budgetary resources available	72	63	24
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	12

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	14	12	12
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	60	63	24
3020	Outlays (gross)	–60	–63	–24
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–2

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	12	12	12
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	14	12	12
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	12	12	12

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	70	63	24
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	60	63	24
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–3
4123	Direct Conduit Fees	–4
4123	Principal repayments	–122	–164	–104
4123	Interest repayments	–39	–34	–27

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–168	–198	–131

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–98	–135	–107
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–108	–135	–107
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–98	–135	–107
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–108	–135	–107


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	1,771	1,660	1,496
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–122	–164	–104
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	11		–1

1290	Outstanding, end of year	1,660	1,496	1,391

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the asset-backed commercial paper conduit authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	28	24
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	1,771	1,660
1402	Interest receivable	264	293
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)	–374	–400

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	1,661	1,553

1999	Total assets	1,689	1,577
	LIABILITIES:
2103	Federal liabilities: Debt	1,689	1,577
2201	Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable

2999	Total liabilities	1,689	1,577

4999	Total liabilities and net position	1,689	1,577


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0101	Interest benefits, net of origination fees	3	2	2
0103	Default claims	27	21	15
0104	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	18	13	12
0105	Contract collection costs	6	5	4

0191	Subtotal, Stafford loans	54	41	33
0201	Default claims	5	4	3
0202	Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims	3	5	5
0205	Contract collection costs	1	1	1

0291	Subtotal, PLUS/SLS loans	9	10	9

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	63	51	42

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	102	99
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	20
1022	Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund	–102	–99
1033	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations	1

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	21
	Budget authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	301	263	229
1820	Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund	–160	–212	–187

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	141	51	42
1930	Total budgetary resources available	162	51	42
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	99

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	25	16	16
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	63	51	42
3020	Outlays (gross)	–52	–51	–42
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–20

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	16	16	16
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	25	16	16
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	16	16	16

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	141	51	42
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	52	35	42
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances		16

4110	Outlays, gross (total)	52	51	42
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123	Fed collections on defaulted loans, Stafford	–102	–72	–63
4123	Fed collections on bankruptcies, Stafford		–3	–2
4123	Offsets against Federal tax refunds, Stafford		–78	–68
4123	Reimbursements from guaranty agencies, Stafford	–150	–54	–47
4123	Other collections, Stafford	–11	–16	–14
4123	Federal collections on defaulted loans, PLUS/SLS	–16	–22	–19
4123	Federal collections on bankruptcies, PLUS/SLS		–1	–1
4123	Offsets against Federal tax refunds, PLUS/SLS		–6	–5
4123	Reimbursements from guaranty agencies, PLUS/SLS	–23	–11	–10

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–302	–263	–229
	Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4143	Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts	1

4160	Budget authority, net (mandatory)	–160	–212	–187
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	–250	–212	–187
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	–160	–212	–187
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–250	–212	–187


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	442	418	385
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–8	–9	–9
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–30	–11	–8
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–18	–13	–12
2264	Other adjustments, net	32

2290	Outstanding, end of year	418	385	356

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	397	366	338

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	3,525	3,344	3,217
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	30	11	8
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–172	–107	–93
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–18	–17	–16
2364	Other adjustments, net	–21	–14	–12

2390	Outstanding, end of year	3,344	3,217	3,104

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	54	49	42
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–1	–1
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–9	–1	–1
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–3	–5	–5
2264	Other adjustments, net	8

2290	Outstanding, end of year	49	42	36

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	47	40	34

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	562	535	513
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	9	1	1
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–27	–18	–16
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–3	–3	–3
2364	Other adjustments, net	–6	–2	–2

2390	Outstanding, end of year	535	513	493

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this liquidating account records, for this program, all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from guaranteed student loans committed prior to 1992. This account is shown on a cash basis. All new loan activity in this program for 1992 and beyond is recorded in corresponding program and financing accounts.


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	127	115
1701	Defaulted guaranteed loans, gross	4,087	3,879
1702	Interest receivable	5,674	5,661
1703	Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-)	–7,622	–8,019

1799	Value of assets related to loan guarantees	2,139	1,521

1999	Total assets	2,266	1,636
	LIABILITIES:
2104	Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury	2,253	1,614
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2201	Accounts payable
2204	Liabilities for loan guarantees	13	22

2999	Total liabilities	2,266	1,636

4999	Total liabilities and net position	2,266	1,636


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
33.0	Investments and loans	39	30	23
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	3	2	2
42.0	Insurance claims and indemnities	21	19	17

99.0	Direct obligations	63	51	42

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	63	51	42

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0247–0–1–552		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Guaranteed loan reestimates:
235001	HEAL Loan Guarantee	–18	–8

Consistent with the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014 (P.L. 113–76), the Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL) program was transferred to the Department of Education from the Department of Health and Human Services in 2014. The Department of Education assumed responsibility for the program and the authority to administer, service, collect, and enforce the program.

The HEAL program guarantees loans from private lenders to health professions students to pay for the costs of their training. As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this account records the subsidy costs associated with HEAL loan guarantees committed in 1992 and beyond (including modifications of HEAL loan guarantees that resulted from obligations or commitments in any year), as well as administrative expenses of the program.


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–552		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0711	Default claim payments on principal	3	4	4
0715	Default Collection Costs	1	2	2
0742	Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts	7	4
0743	Interest on downward reestimates	11	4

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	22	14	6

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	38	24	15
	Financing authority:
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	8	5	5
1930	Total budgetary resources available	46	29	20
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	24	15	14

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1			8
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	22	14	6
3020	Outlays (gross)	–22	–6	–6

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year		8	8
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year			8
3200	Obligated balance, end of year		8	8

	Financing authority and disbursements, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	8	5	5
	Financing disbursements:
4110	Outlays, gross (total)	22	6	6
	Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4122	Interest on uninvested funds	–1	–2	–2
4123	Non-Federal sources	–7	–3	–3

4130	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–8	–5	–5
4170	Outlays, net (mandatory)	14	1	1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)
4190	Outlays, net (total)	14	1	1


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–552		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on commitments:
2143	Uncommitted limitation carried forward

2150	Total guaranteed loan commitments

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	214	165	155
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–6	–6	–6
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable	–3	–3	–3
2263	Terminations for default that result in claim payments	–1	–1	–1
2264	Other adjustments, net	–39

2290	Outstanding, end of year	165	155	145

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	165	155	145

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	150	148	147
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	3	3	3
2351	Repayments and prepayments	–7	–3	–3
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable	–1	–1	–1
2364	Other adjustments, net	3

2390	Outstanding, end of year	148	147	146

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the Health Education Assistance Loan program. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–552		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	38	24
	Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1402	Interest receivable		18
1405	Allowance for subsidy cost (-)		2

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans		20
1501	Net value of assets related to post-1991 acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable: Defaulted guaranteed loans receivable, gross	150	148

1999	Total assets	188	192
	LIABILITIES:
2204	Non-Federal liabilities: Liabilities for loan guarantees	188	192

4999	Total liabilities and net position	188	192


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–552		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
	Credit program obligations:
0715	Default Collections Costs	2	2	2

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 25.2)	2	2	2

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	6	5
1022	Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund	–6	–5
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, mandatory:
1200	Appropriation		1	1
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800	Collected	7	6	6
1820	Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund		–5	–5

1850	Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total)	7	1	1
1900	Budget authority (total)	7	2	2
1930	Total budgetary resources available	7	2	2
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	5

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	2	2	2
3020	Outlays (gross)	–2	–2	–2

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Mandatory:
4090	Budget authority, gross	7	2	2
	Outlays, gross:
4100	Outlays from new mandatory authority	2	2	2
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123	Non-Federal sources	–7	–6	–6
4180	Budget authority, net (total)		–4	–4
4190	Outlays, net (total)	–5	–4	–4


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–552		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	21	19	17
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–2	–2	–2
	Adjustments:
2261	Terminations for default that result in loans receivable
2264	Other adjustments, net

2290	Outstanding, end of year	19	17	15

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	19	17	15

	Addendum:
	Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310	Outstanding, start of year	254	250	245
2331	Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims	1	1	1
2351	Repayments of loans receivable	–5	–6	–6
2361	Write-offs of loans receivable
2364	Other adjustments, net

2390	Outstanding, end of year	250	245	240

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this liquidating account records, for this program, all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from guaranteed Health Education Assistance Loans loans committed prior to 1992. This account is shown on a cash basis. All loan activity in this program for 1992 and beyond is recorded in corresponding program and financing accounts.


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–552		2016 actual	2017 actual

	ASSETS:
1101	Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury	6	6
1701	Defaulted guaranteed loans, gross	184	250
1703	Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-)		–66

1799	Value of assets related to loan guarantees	184	184

1999	Total assets	190	190
	LIABILITIES:
2207	Non-Federal liabilities: Other	190	190

4999	Total liabilities and net position	190	190

Federal Funds

For carrying out activities authorized by the Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002, the National Assessment of Educational Progress Authorization Act, and section 664 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, $521,563,000, which shall remain available through September 30, 2020.


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Research, development, and dissemination	195	193	188
0002	Statistics	119	117	112
0003	Regional educational laboratories	46	70
0004	National Assessment	152	150	149
0005	National Assessment Governing Board	9	14	8
0006	Research in special education	52	64	54
0007	Statewide longitudinal data systems	33	34
0008	Special education studies and evaluations	13	16	11

0100	Total direct program	619	658	522

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	619	658	522

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	69	57
1021	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations	1

1050	Unobligated balance (total)	70	57
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	605	601	522
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700	Collected	1
1900	Budget authority (total)	606	601	522
1930	Total budgetary resources available	676	658	522
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941	Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year	57

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	665	619	815
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	619	658	522
3020	Outlays (gross)	–658	–462	–516
3040	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired	–1
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–6

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	619	815	821
	Uncollected payments:
3060	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1	–1	–1	–1

3090	Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year	–1	–1	–1
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	664	618	814
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	618	814	820

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	606	601	522
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	186	100	82
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	472	362	434

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	658	462	516
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4030	Federal sources	–1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	605	601	522
4190	Outlays, net (total)	657	462	516

Research, development, and dissemination.—Funds support a diverse portfolio of research, development, and dissemination activities that provide parents, teachers, and schools with evidence-based information on effective educational practices.

Statistics.—Funds support the Department's statistical data collection activities, which are conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). NCES collects, analyzes, and disseminates education statistics at all levels, from preschool through postsecondary and adult education, including statistics on international education activities.

Assessment.—Funds support the ongoing National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB). NAEP administers assessments to samples of students in order to gather reliable information about educational attainment in important academic areas. NAGB is responsible for formulating NAEP policy; developing student achievement levels; and selecting, consistent with the requirements of the statute, the subjects to be assessed.

Research in special education.—Funds support research to build the evidence base on improving special education and early intervention services and outcomes for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

Special education studies and evaluations.—Funds support studies, evaluations, and assessments related to the implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in order to improve special education and early intervention services and outcomes for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent	1	1	1
11.3	Other than full-time permanent	1	1	1

11.9	Total personnel compensation	2	2	2
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	39	44	39
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	250	265	237
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	2	2	2
25.5	Research and development contracts	76	96	30
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	2	2	1
41.0	Grants, subsidies, and contributions	247	247	211

99.0	Direct obligations	618	658	522
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	619	658	522


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment	14	15	15

Federal Funds

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Department of Education Organization Act, including rental of conference rooms in the District of Columbia and hire of three passenger motor vehicles, $459,257,000, of which up to $26,751,000, to remain available until expended, may be for relocation of, and renovation of buildings occupied by, Department staff.


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

0100	Balance, start of year			1
	Receipts:
	Current law:
1130	Contributions		1	1

2000	Total: Balances and receipts		1	2

5099	Balance, end of year		1	2


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Program administration	432	429	432
0002	Building modernization			27

0799	Total direct obligations	432	429	459
0801	Reimbursable program activity	3

0900	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	435	429	459

	Budgetary resources:
	Unobligated balance:
1000	Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1	1
1001	Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1	1
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	432	429	459
	Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700	Collected	3
1900	Budget authority (total)	435	429	459
1930	Total budgetary resources available	436	429	459
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940	Unobligated balance expiring	–1

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	122	128	130
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	435	429	459
3011	Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts	1
3020	Outlays (gross)	–420	–427	–438
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–10

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	128	130	151
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	122	128	130
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	128	130	151

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	435	429	459
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	335	333	345
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	84	94	93

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	419	427	438
	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
	Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4030	Federal sources	–2
4033	Non-Federal sources	–1

4040	Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total)	–3

4070	Budget authority, net (discretionary)	432	429	459
4080	Outlays, net (discretionary)	416	427	438
	Mandatory:
	Outlays, gross:
4101	Outlays from mandatory balances	1
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	432	429	459
4190	Outlays, net (total)	417	427	438

The Program Administration account includes the direct Federal costs of providing grants and administering early, elementary, and secondary education; Indian education; English language acquisition; higher education; career, technical, and adult education; special education programs; and programs for persons with disabilities. It also supports assessment, statistics, and research activities.

In addition, this account includes the cost of providing centralized support and administrative services, overall policy development, and strategic planning for the Department. Included in the centralized activities are rent and mail services; telecommunications; contractual services; financial management and accounting, including payments to schools, education agencies and other grant recipients, and preparation of auditable financial statements; information technology services and security; personnel management; personnel security; budget formulation and execution; legal services; congressional and public relations; and intergovernmental affairs. Included in this account is the Department of Education's cost to relocate staff and renovate buildings occupied by Department staff.

Also included in this account are contributions from the public. Contributions not designated for a specific purpose are in the account's Gifts and Bequests Miscellaneous Fund.

Reimbursable program.—Reimbursements to this account are for providing administrative services to other agencies.


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent	188	195	189
11.3	Other than full-time permanent	17	1	4
11.5	Other personnel compensation	3	3	3

11.9	Total personnel compensation	208	199	196
12.1	Civilian personnel benefits	64	65	63
21.0	Travel and transportation of persons	2	4	4
23.1	Rental payments to GSA	33	36	42
23.3	Communications, utilities, and miscellaneous charges	1	1	1
24.0	Printing and reproduction	1	1	1
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	4	2	2
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	16	19	24
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	24	23	23
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	77	74	77
26.0	Supplies and materials		1	1
31.0	Equipment	1	3	2
32.0	Land and structures			23

99.0	Direct obligations	431	428	459
99.0	Reimbursable obligations	2
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	2	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	435	429	459


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment	1,753	1,648	1,615

For expenses necessary for the Office for Civil Rights, as authorized by section 203 of the Department of Education Organization Act, $107,438,000.


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Civil rights	108	108	107

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	108	108	107
1930	Total budgetary resources available	108	108	107

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	21	18	22
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	108	108	107
3020	Outlays (gross)	–110	–104	–105
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–1

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	18	22	24
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	21	18	22
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	18	22	24

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	108	108	107
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	95	90	89
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	15	14	16

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	110	104	105
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	108	108	107
4190	Outlays, net (total)	110	104	105

The Office for Civil Rights is responsible for ensuring that no person is unlawfully discriminated against on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age in the delivery of services or the provision of benefits in programs or activities of schools and institutions receiving financial assistance from the Department of Education. The authorities under which the Office for Civil Rights operates are Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (racial and ethnic discrimination), Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (sex discrimination), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (discrimination against individuals with a disability), the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act of 2002.


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent	61	58	58
11.3	Other than full-time permanent	2	1	1

11.9	Total personnel compensation	63	59	59
12.1	Civilian personnel benefits	20	20	20
23.1	Rental payments to GSA	8	10	9
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	1	1	1
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	2	2	2
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	13	15	15

99.0	Direct obligations	107	107	106
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1	1	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	108	108	107


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment	579	529	529

For expenses necessary for the Office of Inspector General, as authorized by section 212 of the Department of Education Organization Act, $63,418,000, of which $2,000,000 shall be available until expended.


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Obligations by program activity:
0001	Inspector General	59	59	63

	Budgetary resources:
	Budget authority:
	Appropriations, discretionary:
1100	Appropriation	59	59	63
1930	Total budgetary resources available	59	59	63

	Change in obligated balance:
	Unpaid obligations:
3000	Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1	13	12	14
3010	New obligations, unexpired accounts	59	59	63
3020	Outlays (gross)	–59	–57	–61
3041	Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired	–1

3050	Unpaid obligations, end of year	12	14	16
	Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100	Obligated balance, start of year	13	12	14
3200	Obligated balance, end of year	12	14	16

	Budget authority and outlays, net:
	Discretionary:
4000	Budget authority, gross	59	59	63
	Outlays, gross:
4010	Outlays from new discretionary authority	49	47	50
4011	Outlays from discretionary balances	10	10	11

4020	Outlays, gross (total)	59	57	61
4180	Budget authority, net (total)	59	59	63
4190	Outlays, net (total)	59	57	61

The Inspector General is responsible for the quality, coverage, and coordination of audit and investigation functions relating to Federal education activities. The Inspector General has the authority to inquire into all activities of the Department, including those performed under Federal education contracts, grants, or other agreements. Under the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, the Inspector General is also responsible for internal reviews of the Department's financial systems and audits of its financial statements.


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

	Direct obligations:
	Personnel compensation:
11.1	Full-time permanent	26	28	30
11.5	Other personnel compensation	2	1	1

11.9	Total personnel compensation	28	29	31
12.1	Civilian personnel benefits	11	11	12
21.0	Travel and transportation of persons	1	1	1
23.1	Rental payments to GSA	6	7	6
25.1	Advisory and assistance services	1		1
25.2	Other services from non-Federal sources	2	2	2
25.3	Other goods and services from Federal sources	1	1	2
25.7	Operation and maintenance of equipment	6	5	6
31.0	Equipment	1	1	1
32.0	Land and structures	1

99.0	Direct obligations	58	57	62
99.5	Adjustment for rounding	1	2	1

99.9	Total new obligations, unexpired accounts	59	59	63


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

1001	Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment	232	231	244

Federal Funds


		2017 actual	2018 est.	2019 est.

Offsetting receipts from the public:
091–143500	General Fund Proprietary Interest Receipts, not Otherwise Classified	1	2	2
091–271810	Federal Family Education Loan Program, Negative Subsidies: Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO			656
091–271830	Federal Family Education Loan Program, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies	370	236
091–274130	College Housing and Academic Facilities Loan, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies	55	9
091–278110	Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Negative Subsidies	11,860	11,288	7,985
091–278110	Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Negative Subsidies: Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO			4,378
091–278130	Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies	6,989	15,555
091–279830	Health Education Assistance Loans, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies	18	8
091–291500	Repayment of Loans, Capital Contributions, Higher Education Activities	201	150	1,172
091–322000	All Other General Fund Proprietary Receipts Including Budget Clearing Accounts	74	47	47
General Fund Offsetting receipts from the public		19,568	27,295	14,240


Intragovernmental payments:
091–388500	Undistributed Intragovernmental Payments and Receivables from Cancelled Accounts	–6

General Fund Intragovernmental payments		–6

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education

Federal Funds

Education for the disadvantaged

Education for the Disadvantaged

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

School Readiness

Impact Aid

School improvement programs

Safe schools and citizenship education

Indian education

Education Jobs Fund

Office of Innovation and Improvement

Federal Funds

Innovation and improvement

Office of English Language Acquisition

Federal Funds

English Language Acquisition

Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services

Federal Funds

Special education

Rehabilitation services

Special Institutions for Persons With Disabilities

american printing house for the blind

National technical institute for the deaf

gallaudet university

Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education

Federal Funds

Career, technical, and adult education

Career, Technical and Adult Education

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

Office of Postsecondary Education

Federal Funds

Higher education

Higher Education

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

Howard University

College housing and academic facilities loans program

Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Program Account

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Program Account

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Financing Account

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account

Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Direct Loan Financing Account

Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Direct Loan Financing Account

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

Office of Federal Student Aid

Federal Funds

Student financial assistance

Student Financial Assistance

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

Student Financial Assistance

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Student aid administration

Student Aid Administration

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

TEACH Grant Program Account

TEACH Grant Financing Account

Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection

Federal Student Loan Reserve Fund

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Financing Account

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Financing Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Federal Family Education Loan Program Financing Account

Federal Family Education Loan Program Financing Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Temporary Student Loan Purchase Authority Financing Account

Student Loan Acquisition Account

Temporary Student Loan Purchase Authority Conduit Financing Account

Federal Family Education Loan Liquidating Account

Health Education Assistance Loans Program Account

Health Education Assistance Loans Financing Account

Health Education Assistance Loans Liquidating Account

Institute of Education Sciences