Appendix - Government-Sponsored Enterprises

This chapter contains descriptions of the data on the Government-sponsored enterprises listed below. These enterprises were established and chartered by the Federal Government for public policy purposes. They are not included in the Federal Budget because they are private companies, and their securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Government. However, because of their public purpose, detailed statements of financial condition are presented, to the extent such information is available, on a basis that is as consistent as practicable with the basis for the budget data of Government agencies.

—The Federal National Mortgage Association and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation provide assistance to the secondary market for residential mortgages.

—The Federal Home Loan Banks assist thrift institutions, banks, insurance companies, and credit unions in providing financing for housing and community development.

—Institutions of the Farm Credit System, which include the Agricultural Credit Bank and Farm Credit Banks, provide financial assistance to agriculture. They are regulated by the Farm Credit Administration.

—The Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, also a Farm Credit System institution under the regulation of the Farm Credit Administration, provides a secondary market for agricultural real estate, rural housing loans, and certain rural utility loans, as well as for farm and business loans guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Federal National Mortgage Association

Federal Funds


Identification code 915–4986–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	370,450	306,537	288,408
1251	Repayments: Net repayments and prepayments	–63,913	–18,129	–38,408

1290	Outstanding, end of year	306,537	288,408	250,000

The Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) is a Government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) in the housing finance market. As a housing GSE, Fannie Mae is a federally chartered, shareholder-owned, private company with a public mission to provide stability in and increase the liquidity of the residential mortgage market and to help increase the availability of mortgage credit to low- and moderate-income families and in underserved areas. Fannie Mae engages primarily in two forms of business: guaranteeing residential mortgage securities and investing in portfolios of residential mortgages.

Fannie Mae was established in 1938 to assist private markets in providing a steady supply of funds for housing. Fannie Mae was originally a subsidiary of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and was permitted to purchase only loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). In 1954, Fannie Mae was restructured as a mixed ownership (part government, part private) corporation. Legislation directed the sale of the Government's remaining interest in Fannie Mae in 1968 and completed the transformation to private shareholder ownership in 1970.

The Housing and Economic Recovery Act (HERA) of 2008 reformed housing GSE regulation by creating the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a new independent regulator, and providing temporary authority for the U.S. Department of the Treasury to purchase obligations of the housing GSEs. On September 6, 2008, FHFA placed Fannie Mae under Federal conservatorship in response to the GSEs' declining capital adequacy and to support the safety and soundness of the GSEs. On the following day, the U.S. Department of the Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (PSPA) with Fannie Mae to make investments of up to $100 billion in senior preferred stock as required to maintain positive equity. In May 2009, Treasury increased the funding commitments for the PSPA to $200 billion and in December 2009, Treasury modified the funding commitments in the PSPA to the greater of $200 billion or $200 billion plus cumulative net worth deficits experienced during 2010–2012, less any surplus remaining as of December 31, 2012. Based on the financial results reported by Fannie Mae as of December 31, 2012, and under the terms of the PSPA, the cumulative funding commitment cap for Fannie Mae was set at $233.7 billion. As of March 31, 2017, Fannie Mae had received $116.1 billion under the PSPA and made a total of $159.8 billion in dividend payments to Treasury on the senior preferred stock. The Budget continues to reflect the GSEs as non-budgetary entities, though their status will continue to be reviewed. All of the current federal assistance being provided to Fannie Mae, including the PSPA, is shown on-budget. For additional discussion and analyses of Fannie Mae, please see the Analytical Perspectives volume of the Budget documents.


Identification code 915–4986–0–4–371		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
	Investments in US securities:
1102	Treasury securities, par	26,961	31,277
1201	Non-Federal assets: Investments in non-Federal securities, net	26,600	7,985
	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable and acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1601	Mortgage Loans and Mortgage Related Securities	248,930	227,157
1601	Mortgage Loans and Mortgage Related Securities - Consolidated Trusts	2,804,581	2,851,304

1604	Direct loans and interest receivable, net	3,053,511	3,078,461
1606	Acquired Property, net	7,691	5,041

1699	Value of assets related to direct loans	3,061,202	3,083,502
	Other Federal assets:
1801	Cash and other monetary assets	77,007	98,077
1901	Other assets	39,012	35,101

1999	Total assets	3,230,782	3,255,942
	LIABILITIES:
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2202	Interest payable	10,016	9,512
2203	Debt	417,458	351,568
2203	Debt - Consolidated Trusts	2,788,787	2,881,545
2207	Other	10,518	9,141

2999	Total liabilities	3,226,779	3,251,766
	NET POSITION:
3300	Senior Preferred Stock	117,149	117,149
3300	Private Equity	–113,177	–112,973
3300	Noncontrolling Interest	31

3999	Total net position	4,003	4,176

4999	Total liabilities and net position	3,230,782	3,255,942


Identification code 915–4987–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	2,801,954	2,861,296	2,861,296
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	554,925
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–495,583

1290	Outstanding, end of year	2,861,296	2,861,296	2,861,296

Prior to January 1, 2010, the mortgages in the pools of loans supporting the mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae were considered to be owned by the holders of these securities according to the accounting standards for private corporations. Consequently, on the books of Fannie Mae, these mortgages were not considered assets and the securities outstanding were not considered liabilities. New accounting standards implemented on January 1, 2010, require consolidation of many, but not all, of these securities in Fannie Mae's financial statements. For the purposes of the Budget they are presented as direct loans for mortgage-backed securities. "Disbursements" and "Repayments" are budgetary terms. These items are reported by Fannie Mae as "Issuances" and "Liquidations," respectively.

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

Federal Funds


Identification code 913–4988–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	367,145	308,114	288,408
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–59,031	–19,706	–38,408

1290	Outstanding, end of year	308,114	288,408	250,000

The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) is a Government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) in the housing finance market. As a housing GSE, Freddie Mac is a federally chartered, shareholder-owned, private company with a public mission to provide stability in and increase the liquidity of the residential mortgage market, and to help increase the availability of mortgage credit to low- and moderate-income families and in underserved areas. Freddie Mac engages primarily in two forms of business: guaranteeing residential mortgage securities and investing in portfolios of residential mortgages.

Freddie Mac was established in 1970 under the Emergency Home Finance Act. The Congress chartered Freddie Mac to provide mortgage lenders with an organized national secondary market enabling them to manage their conventional mortgage portfolio more effectively and gain indirect access to a ready source of additional funds to meet new demands for mortgages. Freddie Mac serves as a conduit facilitating the flow of investment dollars from the capital markets to mortgage lenders, and ultimately, to homebuyers.

The Housing and Economic Recovery Act (HERA) of 2008 reformed housing GSE regulation by creating the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a new independent regulator, and provided temporary authority for the U.S. Department of the Treasury to purchase obligations of the housing GSEs. On September 6, 2008, FHFA placed Freddie Mac under Federal conservatorship in response to the GSEs' declining capital adequacy and to support the safety and soundness of the GSEs. On the following day, the U.S. Department of the Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (PSPA) with Freddie Mac to make investments of up to $100 billion in senior preferred stock as required to maintain positive equity. In May 2009, Treasury increased the funding commitments for the PSPA to $200 billion and in December 2009, Treasury modified the funding commitments in the PSPA to the greater of $200 billion or $200 billion plus cumulative net worth deficits experienced during 2010–2012, less any surplus remaining as of December 31, 2012. Based on the financial results reported by Freddie Mac as of December 31, 2012, and under the terms of the PSPA, the cumulative funding commitment cap for Freddie Mac was set at $211.8 billion. As of March 31, 2017, Freddie Mac had received $71.3 billion under the PSPA and made a total of $105.9 billion in dividend payments to Treasury on the senior preferred stock. The Budget continues to reflect the GSEs as non-budgetary entities, though their status will continue to be reviewed. All of the current federal assistance being provided to Freddie Mac, including the PSPA, is shown on-budget. For additional discussion and analyses of Freddie Mac, please see the Analytical Perspectives volume of the Budget documents.


Identification code 913–4988–0–4–371		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
	Investments in US securities:
1102	Treasury securities, par	12,158	23,579
1201	Non-Federal assets: Investments in non-Federal securities, net	38,738	55,673
	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable and acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1601	Mortgage Loans and Mortgage Related Securities	239,797	207,898
1601	Mortgage Loans and Mortgage Related Securities - Consolidated Trusts	1,615,291	1,666,352

1604	Direct loans and interest receivable, net	1,855,088	1,874,250
1606	Acquired property, net	1,795	1,272

1699	Value of assets related to direct loans	1,856,883	1,875,522
	Other Federal assets:
1801	Cash and other monetary assets	36,551	41,758
1901	Other assets	17,817	18,730

1999	Total assets	1,962,147	2,015,262
	LIABILITIES:
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2202	Interest payable	6,135	5,890
2203	Debt	408,281	378,059
2203	Debt - Consolidated Trusts	1,539,108	1,621,782
2207	Other	7,324	6,021

2999	Total liabilities	1,960,848	2,011,752
	NET POSITION:
3300	Senior Preferred Stock	72,336	72,336
3300	Private Equity	–71,037	–68,826

3999	Total net position	1,299	3,510

4999	Total liabilities and net position	1,962,147	2,015,262


Identification code 914–4989–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	1,719,202	1,817,855	1,817,855
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	401,116
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–302,463

1290	Outstanding, end of year	1,817,855	1,817,855	1,817,855

Prior to January 1, 2010, the mortgages in the pools of loans supporting the mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac were considered to be owned by the holders of these securities according to the accounting standards for private corporations. Consequently, on the books of Freddie Mac, these mortgages were not considered assets and the securities outstanding were not considered liabilities. New accounting standards implemented on January 1, 2010, require consolidation of many, but not all, of these securities in Freddie Mac's financial statements. For the purposes of the Budget, they are presented as direct loans for mortgage-backed securities. "Disbursements'' and "Repayments'' are budgetary terms. These items are reported by Freddie Mac as "Issuances" and "Liquidations," respectively.

Federal Home Loan Bank System

Federal Funds


Identification code 913–4990–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	636,324	735,671	735,671
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	6,599,502	6,599,502	6,599,502
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–6,498,568	–6,599,502	–6,599,502
1264	Write-offs for default: Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	–1,587

1290	Outstanding, end of year	735,671	735,671	735,671

The Federal Home Loan Bank System is a Government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) in the housing finance market. The Federal Home Loan Banks were chartered by the Federal Home Loan Bank Board under the authority of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932 (Act). The 11 Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBanks) are under the supervision of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), established by the Congress in 2008. The common mission of FHLBanks is to facilitate the extension of credit through their members. To accomplish this mission, FHLBanks make loans, called "advances", and provide other credit products and services to their over 7,100 member commercial banks, savings associations, insurance companies, and credit unions. Advances and letters of credit must be fully secured by eligible collateral, and long-term advances may be made only for the purpose of providing funds for residential housing finance. However, "community financial institutions'' may also use long-term advances to finance small businesses, small farms, and small agribusinesses. Additionally, specialized advance programs provide funds for community reinvestment and affordable housing programs. All regulated financial depositories, certified community development financial institutions, and insurance companies engaged in residential housing finance are eligible for membership, and must meet other requirements in the Act to obtain membership. Each FHLBank operates in a geographic district and together FHLBanks cover all of the United States, as well as the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The principal source of funds for the lending operation is the sale of consolidated obligations to the public. The consolidated obligations are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government as to principal or interest. Other sources of lendable funds include members' deposits and capital. Funds not immediately needed for advances to members are invested. The capital stock of the Federal Home Loan Banks is owned entirely by the members. Initially the U.S. Government purchased stock of the banks in the amount of $125 million. The banks had repurchased the Government's investment in full by mid-1951. The Act, as amended in 1989, requires each FHLBank to operate an Affordable Housing Program (AHP). Each FHLBank provides subsidies in the form of direct grants or below-market rate advances for members that use the funds for qualifying affordable housing projects. Each of the FHLBanks must set aside annually 10 percent of its previous year's net earnings, subject to an aggregate minimum of $100 million, for the AHP. The Act, as amended in 1999, also required that FHLBanks contribute 20 percent of net earnings annually to assist in the payment of interest on bonds issued by the Resolution Funding Corporation until such time as the total payments are equivalent to a $300 million annual annuity with a final maturity date of April 15, 2030. The FHLBanks fulfilled this obligation on August 5, 2011. For additional discussion and analyses of the FHLBanks, please see the Analytical Perspectives volume of the Budget.


Identification code 913–4990–0–4–371		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Federal assets:
	Investments in US securities:
1102	Treasury securities, par	307	1,511
	Non-Federal assets:
1201	Investments in non-Federal securities, net	263,134	290,231
1206	Accounts receivable	1,106	1,201
1401	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable: Direct loans receivable, gross	636,325	735,711
	Other Federal assets:
1801	Cash and other monetary assets	17,480	5,488
1803	Property, plant and equipment, net	210	218
1901	Other assets	1,364	2,004

1999	Total assets	919,926	1,036,364
	LIABILITIES:
2101	Federal liabilities: REFCORP and Affordable Housing Program	833	912
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2202	Interest payable	1,353	1,225
2203	Debt	858,606	968,842
2207	Deposit funds and other borrowing	8,268	5,748
2207	Other	4,649	8,796

2999	Total liabilities	873,709	985,523
	NET POSITION:
3100	Invested capital	46,217	50,841

4999	Total liabilities and net position	919,926	1,036,364

Farm Credit System

The Farm Credit System (System) is a Government-sponsored enterprise that provides privately financed credit to agricultural and rural communities. The major functional entities of the System are (1) the Agricultural Credit Bank (ACB); (2) the Farm Credit Banks (FCBs); and (3) the direct-lender associations. Farmer Mac, which is also an institution of the System, is discussed separately below. The history and specific functions of the bank entities are discussed after the presentation of financial schedules for each bank entity. As part of the System, these entities are regulated and examined by the Farm Credit Administration (FCA), an independent Federal agency. The administrative costs of FCA are financed by assessments on System institutions, including Farmer Mac. System banks finance loans primarily from sales of bonds to the public and their own capital funds. The System bonds issued by the banks are not guaranteed by the U.S. Government as to either principal or interest. The bonds are backed by an insurance fund, administered by the Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (FCSIC), an independent Federal agency that collects insurance premiums from member banks to pay its administrative expenses and fund insurance reserves. All of the banks' current operating expenses are paid from their own income and do not require budgetary resources from the Federal Government.

Federal Funds


Identification code 912–4991–0–4–351		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	84,524	90,417	94,608
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	313,649	325,471	337,739
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–307,755	–321,234	–334,123
1263	Write-offs for default: Direct loans	–1	–46	–50

1290	Outstanding, end of year	90,417	94,608	98,174

CoBank, ACB, which is headquartered outside Denver, Colorado, serves eligible cooperatives nationwide and provides funding to Agricultural Credit Associations (ACAs) and Federal Land Credit Associations (FLCAs) in its chartered district. CoBank, ACB, is the only Agricultural Credit Bank (ACB) in the Farm Credit System. The ACB operates under statutory authority that combines the authorities of a Farm Credit Bank (FCB) and a Bank for Cooperatives (BC). In exercising its FCB authority, CoBank's charter limits its lending to 23 ACAs and one FLCA located in the northeast, central, and western regions of the country. As an entity lending to cooperatives, CoBank is chartered to provide credit and related services nationwide to eligible cooperatives primarily engaged in farm supply, grain, marketing, and processing (including sugar, dairy, and ethanol). CoBank also makes loans to rural utilities, including telecommunications companies, and it provides international loans for the financing of agricultural exports.


	2015 act.	2016 act.	2017 est.	2018 est.


Beginning balance of net worth	7,061,398	7,800,245	8,653,830	8,946,279
Capital stock and participations issued	335,770	440,611	84,856	111,056

Capital stock and participations retired	169,301	29,108	28,000	35,700
Net income	915,751	954,624	906,727	875,234
Cash/Dividends/Patronage Distributions	–456,814	–533,998	–569,456	–586,811
Other, net	113,441	21,456	–101,678	2,037

Ending balance of net worth	7,800,245	8,653,830	8,946,279	9,312,095


	2015 act.	2016 act.	2017 est.	2018 est.


Beginning balance of outstanding system obligations	88,513,292	97,279,304	107,407,980	111,023,434


Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds issued	41,260,664	46,805,926	48,570,189	50,400,953
Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds retired	31,383,539	37,078,905	45,421,952	46,146,494
Consolidated systemwide notes, net	–1,043,732	456,912	500,000	500,000
Other (Net)	–67,381	–55,257	–32,783	–22,025

Ending balance of outstanding system obligations	97,279,304	107,407,980	111,023,434	115,755,868


Identification code 912–4991–0–4–351		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Non-Federal assets:
1201	Cash and investment securities	25,081	29,492
1206	Accrued interest receivable on loans	315	321
	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable and acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1601	Direct loans, gross	84,524	90,416
1603	Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-)	–460	–519

1699	Value of assets related to direct loans	84,064	89,897
1803	Other Federal assets: Property, plant and equipment, net	1,025	1,039

1999	Total assets	110,485	120,749
	LIABILITIES:
2104	Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury	1,484	1,498
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2201	Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds	97,279	107,408
2201	Notes payable and other interest-bearing liabilities	3,636	2,916
2202	Accrued interest payable	286	273

2999	Total liabilities	102,685	112,095
	NET POSITION:
3300	Cumulative results of operations	7,800	8,654

4999	Total liabilities and net position	110,485	120,749


Identification code 912–4992–0–4–371		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210	Outstanding, start of year	115,851	123,454	130,647
1231	Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements	207,734	219,359	230,638
1251	Repayments: Repayments and prepayments	–200,135	–212,148	–224,651
	Write-offs for default:
1263	Direct loans		–18	–18
1264	Other adjustments, net (+ or -)	4

1290	Outstanding, end of year	123,454	130,647	136,616

The Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (1987 Act) required the Federal Land Banks (FLBs) and Federal Intermediate Credit Banks (FICBs) to merge into a Farm Credit Bank (FCB) in each of the 12 Farm Credit districts. FCBs operate under statutory authority that combines the prior authorities of an FLB and of an FICB. No merger occurred in the Jackson district in 1988 because the FLB of Jackson was in receivership. Pursuant to section 410(e) of the 1987 Act, as amended by the Farm Credit Banks Safety and Soundness Act of 1992, FICB of Jackson merged with FCB of Columbia on October 1, 1993. Mergers and consolidations of FCBs across district lines, which began in 1992, have continued to date. As a result of this restructuring activity, three FCBs, headquartered in the following cities, remain as of October 1, 2016: AgFirst Farm Credit Bank, Columbia, South Carolina; AgriBank, FCB, St. Paul, Minnesota; and FCB of Texas, Austin, Texas.

FCBs serve as discount banks and, as of October 1, 2016, provided funds to one Federal Land Credit Association (FLCA) and 49 Agricultural Credit Associations (ACAs). These direct-lender associations, in turn, primarily make short- and intermediate-term production loans and long-term real estate loans to eligible farmers and ranchers, farm-related businesses, and rural homeowners. FCBs can also lend to other financing institutions, including commercial banks, as authorized by the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as amended.

All the capital stock of FICBs, from their organization in 1923 to December 31, 1956, was held by the U.S. Government. The Farm Credit Act of 1956 provided a long-range plan for the eventual ownership of the FICBs by the production credit associations and the gradual retirement of the Government's investment in the banks. This retirement was accomplished in full on December 31, 1968. The last of the Government capital that had been invested in FLBs was repaid in 1947.





	2015 act.	2016 act.	2017 est.	2018 est.




Beginning balance of net worth	8,828,842	9,149,023	9,480,347	9,937,294
Capital stock and participations issued	185,976	226,361	175,970	175,040

Capital stock and participations retired	85,259	113,897	10,182	9,021
Surplus Retired	–2,162	–4,633	0	0
Net income	1,049,060	1,026,457	958,943	962,909
Cash/Dividends/Patronage Distributions	–778,566	–695,451	–641,805	–637,413
Other, net	–53,192	–116,779	–25,979	–193,255

Ending balance of net worth	9,149,023	9,480,347	9,937,294	10,235,554





	2015 act.	2016 act.	2017 est.	2018 est.




Beginning balance of outstanding system obligations	125,494,765	133,822,885	144,502,285	150,343,507


Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds issued	222,845,285	242,160,591	230,529,306	235,080,328
Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds retired	215,967,375	236,530,182	230,242,814	234,636,684
Consolidated systemwide notes, net	1,450,210	5,068,965	5,554,730	5,774,537
Other (Net)	0	–19,974	0	0

Ending balance of outstanding system obligations	133,822,885	144,502,285	150,343,507	156,561,688


Identification code 912–4992–0–4–371		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Non-Federal assets:
1201	Cash and investment securities	28,678	31,403
1206	Accrued Interest Receivable	502	554
	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable and acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1601	Direct loans, gross	115,850	123,453
1603	Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-)	–37	–45

1699	Value of assets related to direct loans	115,813	123,408
1803	Other Federal assets: Property, plant and equipment, net	560	629

1999	Total assets	145,553	155,994
	LIABILITIES:
2104	Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury	394	506
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2201	Consolidated systemwide and other bank bonds	133,822	144,502
2201	Notes payable and other interest-bearing liabilities	1,849	1,166
2202	Accrued interest payable	339	340

2999	Total liabilities	136,404	146,514
	NET POSITION:
3300	Cumulative results of operations	9,149	9,480

4999	Total liabilities and net position	145,553	155,994


Identification code 912–4993–0–4–351		2016 actual	2017 est.	2018 est.

	Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210	Outstanding, start of year	15,628	17,248	17,248
2231	Disbursements of new guaranteed loans	4,233
2251	Repayments and prepayments	–2,613

2290	Outstanding, end of year	17,248	17,248	17,248

	Memorandum:
2299	Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year	2,021

Farmer Mac

Farmer Mac is authorized under the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as amended by the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (Act), to create a secondary market for agricultural real estate and rural home mortgages. The Farmer Mac title of the Act was amended by the 1990 farm bill to authorize Farmer Mac to purchase, pool, and securitize the guaranteed portions of farmer program, rural business, and community development loans guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The Farmer Mac title was amended in 1991 to clarify Farmer Mac's authority to issue debt obligations, provide for the establishment of minimum capital standards, establish the Office of Secondary Market Oversight at the Farm Credit Administration (FCA), and expand the Agency's rulemaking authority. The Farm Credit System Reform Act of 1996 (1996 Act) amended the Farmer Mac title to allow Farmer Mac to purchase loans directly from lenders and to issue and guarantee mortgage-backed securities without requiring that a minimum cash reserve or subordinated (first loss) interest be maintained by poolers as had been required under its original authority. The 1996 Act expanded FCA's regulatory authority to include provisions for establishing a conservatorship or receivership, if necessary, and provided for increased core capital requirements at Farmer Mac phased in over three years. Most recently, the 2008 Farm Bill, the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 amended the Farmer Mac title to authorize the financing of rural electric and telephone cooperatives.

Farmer Mac operates through several programs: the "Farm & Ranch" program involves mortgage loans secured by first liens on agricultural real estate, or rural housing (qualified loans); the "USDA guarantees" program involves the guaranteed portions of certain USDA-guaranteed loans; and the "Rural Utilities" program involves rural electric and telecommunications loans. Farmer Mac operates by (1) purchasing, or committing to purchase, newly originated or existing qualified loans or guaranteed portions from lenders; (2) purchasing or guaranteeing "AgVantage'' bonds backed by qualified loans; and (3) exchanging qualified loans or guaranteed portions for guaranteed securities. Loans purchased by Farmer Mac may be aggregated into pools that back Farmer Mac guaranteed securities, which are held by Farmer Mac or sold into the capital markets.

Farmer Mac is governed by a 15-member Board of Directors. Ten board members are elected by stockholders, including five by stockholders that are Farm Credit System (FCS) institutions and five by stockholders that are non-FCS financial services firms. Five are appointed by the President, subject to Senate confirmation.

Financial support and funding for Farmer Mac's operations come from several sources: sale of common and preferred stock, issuance of debt obligations, and income. Under procedures specified in the Act, Farmer Mac may issue obligations to the U.S. Treasury in a cumulative amount not to exceed $1.5 billion to fulfill Farmer Mac's guarantee obligations.

As of September 30, 2016, Farmer Mac's core capital exceeded statutory requirements. Additionally, Farmer Mac's regulatory capital (core capital plus the allowance for loan losses) exceeded the amount of required regulatory capital as determined by the risk-based capital rule.

Farmer Mac provides a guarantee of timely payment of principal and interest on securities backed by qualified loans or pools of qualified loans. These securities are not guaranteed by the United States and are not "Government securities."

Farmer Mac is subject to reporting requirements under securities laws, and its guaranteed mortgage-backed securities are subject to registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1933 and 1934 Securities Acts.

Farmer Mac is federally regulated by FCA, acting through its Office of Secondary Market Oversight (OSMO). FCA is responsible for the supervision of, examination of, and rulemaking for Farmer Mac.


Identification code 912–4993–0–4–351		2015 actual	2016 actual

	ASSETS:
	Non-Federal assets:
1201	Investment in securities	2,032	3,001
1206	Receivables, net	151	165
	Net value of assets related to direct loans receivable:
1401	Direct loans receivable, gross	11,080	12,434
1402	Interest receivable	74	87

1499	Net present value of assets related to direct loans	11,154	12,521
1801	Other Federal assets: Cash and other monetary assets	1,517	314

1999	Total assets	14,854	16,001
	LIABILITIES:
	Non-Federal liabilities:
2201	Accounts payable	121	159
2202	Interest payable	38	40
2203	Debt	14,110	15,161
2204	Liabilities for loan guarantees	44	40

2999	Total liabilities	14,313	15,400
	NET POSITION:
3300	Invested capital	541	601

4999	Total liabilities and net position	14,854	16,001

GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED ENTERPRISES

Federal National Mortgage Association

Federal Funds

Portfolio Programs

Mortgage-backed Securities

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

Federal Funds

Portfolio Programs

Mortgage-backed Securities

Federal Home Loan Bank System

Federal Funds

Federal Home Loan Banks

Farm Credit System

Federal Funds

Agricultural Credit Bank

Farm Credit Banks

Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation

Farmer Mac

Financing

Guarantees

Regulation