[Historical Tables]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]




[[Page 21]]


 
                                    Table 1.1--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-): 1789-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Total                              On-Budget                            Off-Budget
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Year                                             Surplus or                           Surplus or                           Surplus or
                                            Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)   Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)   Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1789-1849................................       1,160       1,090           70       1,160       1,090           70  ..........  ..........  ...........
1850-1900................................      14,462      15,453         -991      14,462      15,453         -991  ..........  ..........  ...........

1901.....................................         588         525           63         588         525           63  ..........  ..........  ...........
1902.....................................         562         485           77         562         485           77  ..........  ..........  ...........
1903.....................................         562         517           45         562         517           45  ..........  ..........  ...........
1904.....................................         541         584          -43         541         584          -43  ..........  ..........  ...........

1905.....................................         544         567          -23         544         567          -23  ..........  ..........  ...........
1906.....................................         595         570           25         595         570           25  ..........  ..........  ...........
1907.....................................         666         579           87         666         579           87  ..........  ..........  ...........
1908.....................................         602         659          -57         602         659          -57  ..........  ..........  ...........
1909.....................................         604         694          -89         604         694          -89  ..........  ..........  ...........

1910.....................................         676         694          -18         676         694          -18  ..........  ..........  ...........
1911.....................................         702         691           11         702         691           11  ..........  ..........  ...........
1912.....................................         693         690            3         693         690            3  ..........  ..........  ...........
1913.....................................         714         715           -*         714         715           -*  ..........  ..........  ...........
1914.....................................         725         726           -*         725         726           -*  ..........  ..........  ...........

1915.....................................         683         746          -63         683         746          -63  ..........  ..........  ...........
1916.....................................         761         713           48         761         713           48  ..........  ..........  ...........
1917.....................................       1,101       1,954         -853       1,101       1,954         -853  ..........  ..........  ...........
1918.....................................       3,645      12,677       -9,032       3,645      12,677       -9,032  ..........  ..........  ...........
1919.....................................       5,130      18,493      -13,363       5,130      18,493      -13,363  ..........  ..........  ...........

1920.....................................       6,649       6,358          291       6,649       6,358          291  ..........  ..........  ...........
1921.....................................       5,571       5,062          509       5,571       5,062          509  ..........  ..........  ...........
1922.....................................       4,026       3,289          736       4,026       3,289          736  ..........  ..........  ...........
1923.....................................       3,853       3,140          713       3,853       3,140          713  ..........  ..........  ...........
1924.....................................       3,871       2,908          963       3,871       2,908          963  ..........  ..........  ...........

1925.....................................       3,641       2,924          717       3,641       2,924          717  ..........  ..........  ...........
1926.....................................       3,795       2,930          865       3,795       2,930          865  ..........  ..........  ...........
1927.....................................       4,013       2,857        1,155       4,013       2,857        1,155  ..........  ..........  ...........
1928.....................................       3,900       2,961          939       3,900       2,961          939  ..........  ..........  ...........
1929.....................................       3,862       3,127          734       3,862       3,127          734  ..........  ..........  ...........

1930.....................................       4,058       3,320          738       4,058       3,320          738  ..........  ..........  ...........
1931.....................................       3,116       3,577         -462       3,116       3,577         -462  ..........  ..........  ...........
1932.....................................       1,924       4,659       -2,735       1,924       4,659       -2,735  ..........  ..........  ...........
1933.....................................       1,997       4,598       -2,602       1,997       4,598       -2,602  ..........  ..........  ...........
1934.....................................       2,955       6,541       -3,586       2,955       6,541       -3,586  ..........  ..........  ...........

1935.....................................       3,609       6,412       -2,803       3,609       6,412       -2,803  ..........  ..........  ...........
1936.....................................       3,923       8,228       -4,304       3,923       8,228       -4,304  ..........  ..........  ...........
1937.....................................       5,387       7,580       -2,193       5,122       7,582       -2,460         265          -2          267
1938.....................................       6,751       6,840          -89       6,364       6,850         -486         387         -10          397
1939.....................................       6,295       9,141       -2,846       5,792       9,154       -3,362         503         -13          516

1940.....................................       6,548       9,468       -2,920       5,998       9,482       -3,484         550         -14          564
1941.....................................       8,712      13,653       -4,941       8,024      13,618       -5,594         688          35          653
1942.....................................      14,634      35,137      -20,503      13,738      35,071      -21,333         896          66          830
1943.....................................      24,001      78,555      -54,554      22,871      78,466      -55,595       1,130          89        1,041
1944.....................................      43,747      91,304      -47,557      42,455      91,190      -48,735       1,292         114        1,178

1945.....................................      45,159      92,712      -47,553      43,849      92,569      -48,720       1,310         143        1,167
1946.....................................      39,296      55,232      -15,936      38,057      55,022      -16,964       1,238         210        1,028
1947.....................................      38,514      34,496        4,018      37,055      34,193        2,861       1,459         303        1,157
1948.....................................      41,560      29,764       11,796      39,944      29,396       10,548       1,616         368        1,248
1949.....................................      39,415      38,835          580      37,724      38,408         -684       1,690         427        1,263

1950.....................................      39,443      42,562       -3,119      37,336      42,038       -4,702       2,106         524        1,583
1951.....................................      51,616      45,514        6,102      48,496      44,237        4,259       3,120       1,277        1,843
1952.....................................      66,167      67,686       -1,519      62,573      65,956       -3,383       3,594       1,730        1,864
1953.....................................      69,608      76,101       -6,493      65,511      73,771       -8,259       4,097       2,330        1,766
1954.....................................      69,701      70,855       -1,154      65,112      67,943       -2,831       4,589       2,912        1,677
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.


[[Page 22]]


                               Table 1.1--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-): 1789-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Total                              On-Budget                            Off-Budget
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Year                                             Surplus or                           Surplus or                           Surplus or
                                            Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)   Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)   Receipts     Outlays   Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1955.....................................      65,451      68,444       -2,993      60,370      64,461       -4,091       5,081       3,983        1,098
1956.....................................      74,587      70,640        3,947      68,162      65,668        2,494       6,425       4,972        1,452
1957.....................................      79,990      76,578        3,412      73,201      70,562        2,639       6,789       6,016          773
1958.....................................      79,636      82,405       -2,769      71,587      74,902       -3,315       8,049       7,503          546
1959.....................................      79,249      92,098      -12,849      70,953      83,102      -12,149       8,296       8,996         -700

1960.....................................      92,492      92,191          301      81,851      81,341          510      10,641      10,850         -209
1961.....................................      94,388      97,723       -3,335      82,279      86,046       -3,766      12,109      11,677          431
1962.....................................      99,676     106,821       -7,146      87,405      93,286       -5,881      12,271      13,535       -1,265
1963.....................................     106,560     111,316       -4,756      92,385      96,352       -3,966      14,175      14,964         -789
1964.....................................     112,613     118,528       -5,915      96,248     102,794       -6,546      16,366      15,734          632

1965.....................................     116,817     118,228       -1,411     100,094     101,699       -1,605      16,723      16,529          194
1966.....................................     130,835     134,532       -3,698     111,749     114,817       -3,068      19,085      19,715         -630
1967.....................................     148,822     157,464       -8,643     124,420     137,040      -12,620      24,401      20,424        3,978
1968.....................................     152,973     178,134      -25,161     128,056     155,798      -27,742      24,917      22,336        2,581
1969.....................................     186,882     183,640        3,242     157,928     158,436         -507      28,953      25,204        3,749

1970.....................................     192,807     195,649       -2,842     159,348     168,042       -8,694      33,459      27,607        5,852
1971.....................................     187,139     210,172      -23,033     151,294     177,346      -26,052      35,845      32,826        3,019
1972.....................................     207,309     230,681      -23,373     167,402     193,824      -26,423      39,907      36,857        3,050
1973.....................................     230,799     245,707      -14,908     184,715     200,118      -15,403      46,084      45,589          495
1974.....................................     263,224     269,359       -6,135     209,299     217,270       -7,971      53,925      52,089        1,836

1975.....................................     279,090     332,332      -53,242     216,633     271,892      -55,260      62,458      60,440        2,018
1976.....................................     298,060     371,792      -73,732     231,671     302,183      -70,512      66,389      69,609       -3,220
TQ.......................................      81,232      95,975      -14,744      63,216      76,555      -13,339      18,016      19,421       -1,405
1977.....................................     355,559     409,218      -53,659     278,741     328,502      -49,760      76,817      80,716       -3,899
1978.....................................     399,561     458,746      -59,185     314,169     369,089      -54,919      85,391      89,657       -4,266
1979.....................................     463,302     504,028      -40,726     365,309     404,051      -38,742      97,994      99,978       -1,984

1980.....................................     517,112     590,941      -73,830     403,903     476,613      -72,710     113,209     114,329       -1,120
1981.....................................     599,272     678,241      -78,968     469,097     543,044      -73,948     130,176     135,196       -5,020
1982.....................................     617,766     745,743     -127,977     474,299     594,339     -120,040     143,467     151,404       -7,937
1983.....................................     600,562     808,364     -207,802     453,242     661,256     -208,014     147,320     147,108          212
1984.....................................     666,486     851,853     -185,367     500,411     686,040     -185,629     166,075     165,813          262

1985.....................................     734,088     946,396     -212,308     547,918     769,589     -221,671     186,171     176,807        9,363
1986.....................................     769,215     990,430     -221,215     568,986     806,932     -237,946     200,228     183,498       16,731
1987.....................................     854,353   1,004,082     -149,728     640,951     810,249     -169,298     213,402     193,832       19,570
1988.....................................     909,303   1,064,455     -155,152     667,812     861,763     -193,951     241,491     202,691       38,800
1989.....................................     991,190   1,143,646     -152,456     727,525     932,735     -205,210     263,666     210,911       52,754

1990.....................................   1,031,969   1,253,165     -221,195     750,314   1,028,099     -277,786     281,656     225,065       56,590
1991.....................................   1,055,041   1,324,369     -269,328     761,157   1,082,682     -321,525     293,885     241,687       52,198
1992.....................................   1,091,279   1,381,655     -290,376     788,853   1,129,316     -340,463     302,426     252,339       50,087
1993.....................................   1,154,401   1,409,489     -255,087     842,467   1,142,902     -300,434     311,934     266,587       45,347
1994.....................................   1,258,627   1,461,877     -203,250     923,601   1,182,505     -258,904     335,026     279,372       55,654

1995.....................................   1,351,830   1,515,802     -163,972   1,000,751   1,227,138     -226,387     351,079     288,664       62,415
1996.....................................   1,453,062   1,560,535     -107,473   1,085,570   1,259,631     -174,061     367,492     300,904       66,588
1997.....................................   1,579,292   1,601,250      -21,958   1,187,302   1,290,624     -103,322     391,990     310,626       81,364
1998.....................................   1,721,798   1,652,585       69,213   1,305,999   1,335,981      -29,982     415,799     316,604       99,195
1999.....................................   1,827,454   1,701,891      125,563   1,382,986   1,381,113        1,873     444,468     320,778      123,690

2000.....................................   2,025,218   1,788,773      236,445   1,544,634   1,458,008       86,626     480,584     330,765      149,819
2001.....................................   1,991,194   1,863,895      127,299   1,483,675   1,517,057      -33,382     507,519     346,838      160,681
2002.....................................   1,853,173   2,010,975     -157,802   1,337,852   1,655,313     -317,461     515,321     355,662      159,659
2003 estimate............................   1,836,218   2,140,377     -304,159   1,304,653   1,772,280     -467,627     531,565     368,097      163,468
2004 estimate............................   1,922,025   2,229,425     -307,400   1,365,857   1,847,924     -482,067     556,168     381,501      174,667

2005 estimate............................   2,135,188   2,343,399     -208,211   1,545,685   1,953,094     -407,409     589,503     390,305      199,198
2006 estimate............................   2,263,159   2,463,663     -200,504   1,648,387   2,060,069     -411,682     614,772     403,594      211,178
2007 estimate............................   2,398,054   2,576,203     -178,149   1,753,610   2,159,697     -406,087     644,444     416,506      227,938
2008 estimate............................   2,520,923   2,710,517     -189,594   1,847,731   2,280,416     -432,685     673,192     430,101      243,091
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
Note: Budget figures prior to 1933 are based on the ``Administrative Budget'' concepts rather than the ``Unified Budget'' concepts.


[[Page 23]]

 
                         Table 1.2--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                GDP                 Total                          On-Budget                        Off-Budget
                                               (in    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Year                      billions
                                                of     Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or  Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or  Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or
                                             dollars)                      Deficit (-)                      Deficit (-)                      Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1930......................................       97.5       4.2       3.4         0.8        4.2       3.4         0.8   ........  ........  ...........
1931......................................       83.9       3.7       4.3        -0.6        3.7       4.3        -0.6   ........  ........  ...........
1932......................................       67.7       2.8       6.9        -4.0        2.8       6.9        -4.0   ........  ........  ...........
1933......................................       57.6       3.5       8.0        -4.5        3.5       8.0        -4.5   ........  ........  ...........
1934......................................       61.2       4.8      10.7        -5.9        4.8      10.7        -5.9   ........  ........  ...........

1935......................................       69.7       5.2       9.2        -4.0        5.2       9.2        -4.0   ........  ........  ...........
1936......................................       78.5       5.0      10.5        -5.5        5.0      10.5        -5.5   ........  ........  ...........
1937......................................       87.8       6.1       8.6        -2.5        5.8       8.6        -2.8        0.3        -*         0.3
1938......................................       89.0       7.6       7.7        -0.1        7.2       7.7        -0.5        0.4        -*         0.4
1939......................................       89.0       7.1      10.3        -3.2        6.5      10.3        -3.8        0.6        -*         0.6

1940......................................       96.7       6.8       9.8        -3.0        6.2       9.8        -3.6        0.6        -*         0.6
1941......................................      114.0       7.6      12.0        -4.3        7.0      11.9        -4.9        0.6         *         0.6
1942......................................      144.2      10.1      24.4       -14.2        9.5      24.3       -14.8        0.6         *         0.6
1943......................................      180.1      13.3      43.6       -30.3       12.7      43.6       -30.9        0.6         *         0.6
1944......................................      209.0      20.9      43.7       -22.8       20.3      43.6       -23.3        0.6       0.1         0.6

1945......................................      221.3      20.4      41.9       -21.5       19.8      41.8       -22.0        0.6       0.1         0.5
1946......................................      222.7      17.6      24.8        -7.2       17.1      24.7        -7.6        0.6       0.1         0.5
1947......................................      234.6      16.4      14.7         1.7       15.8      14.6         1.2        0.6       0.1         0.5
1948......................................      256.4      16.2      11.6         4.6       15.6      11.5         4.1        0.6       0.1         0.5
1949......................................      271.5      14.5      14.3         0.2       13.9      14.1        -0.3        0.6       0.2         0.5

1950......................................      273.4      14.4      15.6        -1.1       13.7      15.4        -1.7        0.8       0.2         0.6
1951......................................      321.0      16.1      14.2         1.9       15.1      13.8         1.3        1.0       0.4         0.6
1952......................................      348.8      19.0      19.4        -0.4       17.9      18.9        -1.0        1.0       0.5         0.5
1953......................................      373.4      18.6      20.4        -1.7       17.5      19.8        -2.2        1.1       0.6         0.5
1954......................................      378.0      18.4      18.7        -0.3       17.2      18.0        -0.7        1.2       0.8         0.4

1955......................................      395.2      16.6      17.3        -0.8       15.3      16.3        -1.0        1.3       1.0         0.3
1956......................................      427.7      17.4      16.5         0.9       15.9      15.4         0.6        1.5       1.2         0.3
1957......................................      450.7      17.7      17.0         0.8       16.2      15.7         0.6        1.5       1.3         0.2
1958......................................      461.1      17.3      17.9        -0.6       15.5      16.2        -0.7        1.7       1.6         0.1
1959......................................      492.1      16.1      18.7        -2.6       14.4      16.9        -2.5        1.7       1.8        -0.1

1960......................................      518.9      17.8      17.8         0.1       15.8      15.7         0.1        2.1       2.1          -*
1961......................................      531.8      17.7      18.4        -0.6       15.5      16.2        -0.7        2.3       2.2         0.1
1962......................................      568.5      17.5      18.8        -1.3       15.4      16.4        -1.0        2.2       2.4        -0.2
1963......................................      599.7      17.8      18.6        -0.8       15.4      16.1        -0.7        2.4       2.5        -0.1
1964......................................      641.3      17.6      18.5        -0.9       15.0      16.0        -1.0        2.6       2.5         0.1

1965......................................      687.9      17.0      17.2        -0.2       14.6      14.8        -0.2        2.4       2.4           *
1966......................................      754.2      17.3      17.8        -0.5       14.8      15.2        -0.4        2.5       2.6        -0.1
1967......................................      813.5      18.3      19.4        -1.1       15.3      16.8        -1.6        3.0       2.5         0.5
1968......................................      868.4      17.6      20.5        -2.9       14.7      17.9        -3.2        2.9       2.6         0.3
1969......................................      949.2      19.7      19.3         0.3       16.6      16.7        -0.1        3.1       2.7         0.4

1970......................................    1,013.2      19.0      19.3        -0.3       15.7      16.6        -0.9        3.3       2.7         0.6
1971......................................    1,081.4      17.3      19.4        -2.1       14.0      16.4        -2.4        3.3       3.0         0.3
1972......................................    1,181.5      17.5      19.5        -2.0       14.2      16.4        -2.2        3.4       3.1         0.3
1973......................................    1,308.1      17.6      18.8        -1.1       14.1      15.3        -1.2        3.5       3.5           *
1974......................................    1,442.1      18.3      18.7        -0.4       14.5      15.1        -0.6        3.7       3.6         0.1

1975......................................    1,559.8      17.9      21.3        -3.4       13.9      17.4        -3.5        4.0       3.9         0.1
1976......................................    1,736.7      17.2      21.4        -4.2       13.3      17.4        -4.1        3.8       4.0        -0.2
TQ........................................      454.8      17.9      21.1        -3.2       13.9      16.8        -2.9        4.0       4.3        -0.3
1977......................................    1,971.3      18.0      20.8        -2.7       14.1      16.7        -2.5        3.9       4.1        -0.2
1978......................................    2,218.6      18.0      20.7        -2.7       14.2      16.6        -2.5        3.8       4.0        -0.2
1979......................................    2,503.8      18.5      20.1        -1.6       14.6      16.1        -1.5        3.9       4.0        -0.1

1980......................................    2,732.1      18.9      21.6        -2.7       14.8      17.4        -2.7        4.1       4.2          -*
1981......................................    3,061.6      19.6      22.2        -2.6       15.3      17.7        -2.4        4.3       4.4        -0.2
1982......................................    3,228.6      19.1      23.1        -4.0       14.7      18.4        -3.7        4.4       4.7        -0.2
1983......................................    3,440.5      17.5      23.5        -6.0       13.2      19.2        -6.0        4.3       4.3           *
1984......................................    3,839.4      17.4      22.2        -4.8       13.0      17.9        -4.8        4.3       4.3           *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.


[[Page 24]]


                    Table 1.2--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                GDP                 Total                          On-Budget                        Off-Budget
                                               (in    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Year                      billions
                                                of     Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or  Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or  Receipts   Outlays   Surplus or
                                             dollars)                      Deficit (-)                      Deficit (-)                      Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1985......................................    4,136.6      17.7      22.9        -5.1       13.2      18.6        -5.4        4.5       4.3         0.2
1986......................................    4,401.4      17.5      22.5        -5.0       12.9      18.3        -5.4        4.5       4.2         0.4
1987......................................    4,647.0      18.4      21.6        -3.2       13.8      17.4        -3.6        4.6       4.2         0.4
1988......................................    5,014.7      18.1      21.2        -3.1       13.3      17.2        -3.9        4.8       4.0         0.8
1989......................................    5,405.5      18.3      21.2        -2.8       13.5      17.3        -3.8        4.9       3.9         1.0

1990......................................    5,735.6      18.0      21.8        -3.9       13.1      17.9        -4.8        4.9       3.9         1.0
1991......................................    5,930.4      17.8      22.3        -4.5       12.8      18.3        -5.4        5.0       4.1         0.9
1992......................................    6,218.6      17.5      22.2        -4.7       12.7      18.2        -5.5        4.9       4.1         0.8
1993......................................    6,558.4      17.6      21.5        -3.9       12.8      17.4        -4.6        4.8       4.1         0.7
1994......................................    6,944.6      18.1      21.1        -2.9       13.3      17.0        -3.7        4.8       4.0         0.8

1995......................................    7,324.0      18.5      20.7        -2.2       13.7      16.8        -3.1        4.8       3.9         0.9
1996......................................    7,694.6      18.9      20.3        -1.4       14.1      16.4        -2.3        4.8       3.9         0.9
1997......................................    8,185.2      19.3      19.6        -0.3       14.5      15.8        -1.3        4.8       3.8         1.0
1998......................................    8,663.9      19.9      19.1         0.8       15.1      15.4        -0.3        4.8       3.7         1.1
1999......................................    9,137.7      20.0      18.6         1.4       15.1      15.1           *        4.9       3.5         1.4

2000......................................    9,718.8      20.8      18.4         2.4       15.9      15.0         0.9        4.9       3.4         1.5
2001......................................   10,021.5      19.9      18.6         1.3       14.8      15.1        -0.3        5.1       3.5         1.6
2002......................................   10,336.6      17.9      19.5        -1.5       12.9      16.0        -3.1        5.0       3.4         1.5
2003 estimate.............................   10,756.8      17.1      19.9        -2.8       12.1      16.5        -4.3        4.9       3.4         1.5
2004 estimate.............................   11,303.1      17.0      19.7        -2.7       12.1      16.3        -4.3        4.9       3.4         1.5

2005 estimate.............................   11,883.6      18.0      19.7        -1.8       13.0      16.4        -3.4        5.0       3.3         1.7
2006 estimate.............................   12,482.6      18.1      19.7        -1.6       13.2      16.5        -3.3        4.9       3.2         1.7
2007 estimate.............................   13,104.2      18.3      19.7        -1.4       13.4      16.5        -3.1        4.9       3.2         1.7
2008 estimate.............................   13,751.5      18.3      19.7        -1.4       13.4      16.6        -3.1        4.9       3.1         1.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.
Note: Budget figures prior to 1933 are based on the ``Administrative Budget'' concepts rather than the ``Unified Budget'' concepts.



[[Page 25]]

 
 Table 1.3--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) IN CURRENT DOLLARS, CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS, AND AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1940-
                                                                          2008
                                                              (dollar amounts in billions)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 In Current Dollars         In Constant (FY 1996 Dollars)                    As Percentages of GDP
                                         ------------------------------------------------------------------ Addendum: ----------------------------------
               Fiscal Year                                     Surplus or                       Surplus or  Composite                         Surplus or
                                          Receipts   Outlays  Deficit (-)  Receipts   Outlays  Deficit (-)   Deflator   Receipts   Outlays   Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940....................................       6.5       9.5        -2.9       65.2      94.3       -29.1    0.1004         6.8        9.8        -3.0
1941....................................       8.7      13.7        -4.9       82.4     129.2       -46.7    0.1057         7.6       12.0        -4.3
1942....................................      14.6      35.1       -20.5      124.0     297.8      -173.8    0.1180        10.1       24.4       -14.2
1943....................................      24.0      78.6       -54.6      186.8     611.3      -424.5    0.1285        13.3       43.6       -30.3
1944....................................      43.7      91.3       -47.6      361.8     755.2      -393.4    0.1209        20.9       43.7       -22.8

1945....................................      45.2      92.7       -47.6      391.7     804.1      -412.4    0.1153        20.4       41.9       -21.5
1946....................................      39.3      55.2       -15.9      326.1     458.4      -132.3    0.1205        17.6       24.8        -7.2
1947....................................      38.5      34.5         4.0      285.1     255.3        29.7    0.1351        16.4       14.7         1.7
1948....................................      41.6      29.8        11.8      305.4     218.7        86.7    0.1361        16.2       11.6         4.6
1949....................................      39.4      38.8         0.6      297.2     292.9         4.4    0.1326        14.5       14.3         0.2

1950....................................      39.4      42.6        -3.1      289.6     312.5       -22.9    0.1362        14.4       15.6        -1.1
1951....................................      51.6      45.5         6.1      369.7     326.0        43.7    0.1396        16.1       14.2         1.9
1952....................................      66.2      67.7        -1.5      472.6     483.5       -10.8    0.1400        19.0       19.4        -0.4
1953....................................      69.6      76.1        -6.5      466.9     510.4       -43.5    0.1491        18.6       20.4        -1.7
1954....................................      69.7      70.9        -1.2      449.4     456.8        -7.4    0.1551        18.4       18.7        -0.3

1955....................................      65.5      68.4        -3.0      412.4     431.3       -18.9    0.1587        16.6       17.3        -0.8
1956....................................      74.6      70.6         3.9      449.6     425.8        23.8    0.1659        17.4       16.5         0.9
1957....................................      80.0      76.6         3.4      462.1     442.4        19.7    0.1731        17.7       17.0         0.8
1958....................................      79.6      82.4        -2.8      435.6     450.8       -15.1    0.1828        17.3       17.9        -0.6
1959....................................      79.2      92.1       -12.8      425.6     494.6       -69.0    0.1862        16.1       18.7        -2.6

1960....................................      92.5      92.2         0.3      494.6     493.0         1.6    0.1870        17.8       17.8         0.1
1961....................................      94.4      97.7        -3.3      491.9     509.2       -17.4    0.1919        17.7       18.4        -0.6
1962....................................      99.7     106.8        -7.1      519.7     556.9       -37.3    0.1918        17.5       18.8        -1.3
1963....................................     106.6     111.3        -4.8      533.1     556.9       -23.8    0.1999        17.8       18.6        -0.8
1964....................................     112.6     118.5        -5.9      555.8     585.0       -29.2    0.2026        17.6       18.5        -0.9

1965....................................     116.8     118.2        -1.4      568.7     575.6        -6.9    0.2054        17.0       17.2        -0.2
1966....................................     130.8     134.5        -3.7      619.5     637.0       -17.5    0.2112        17.3       17.8        -0.5
1967....................................     148.8     157.5        -8.6      680.2     719.7       -39.5    0.2188        18.3       19.4        -1.1
1968....................................     153.0     178.1       -25.2      669.2     779.2      -110.1    0.2286        17.6       20.5        -2.9
1969....................................     186.9     183.6         3.2      770.6     757.3        13.4    0.2425        19.7       19.3         0.3

1970....................................     192.8     195.6        -2.8      750.5     761.6       -11.1    0.2569        19.0       19.3        -0.3
1971....................................     187.1     210.2       -23.0      684.0     768.2       -84.2    0.2736        17.3       19.4        -2.1
1972....................................     207.3     230.7       -23.4      711.4     791.6       -80.2    0.2914        17.5       19.5        -2.0
1973....................................     230.8     245.7       -14.9      750.8     799.3       -48.5    0.3074        17.6       18.8        -1.1
1974....................................     263.2     269.4        -6.1      792.4     810.8       -18.5    0.3322        18.3       18.7        -0.4

1975....................................     279.1     332.3       -53.2      763.6     909.3      -145.7    0.3655        17.9       21.3        -3.4
1976....................................     298.1     371.8       -73.7      760.0     948.0      -188.0    0.3922        17.2       21.4        -4.2
TQ......................................      81.2      96.0       -14.7      200.9     237.3       -36.5    0.4044        17.9       21.1        -3.2
1977....................................     355.6     409.2       -53.7      838.2     964.7      -126.5    0.4242        18.0       20.8        -2.7
1978....................................     399.6     458.7       -59.2      883.2   1,014.0      -130.8    0.4524        18.0       20.7        -2.7
1979....................................     463.3     504.0       -40.7      944.9   1,028.0       -83.1    0.4903        18.5       20.1        -1.6

1980....................................     517.1     590.9       -73.8      956.0   1,092.5      -136.5    0.5409        18.9       21.6        -2.7
1981....................................     599.3     678.2       -79.0    1,004.6   1,137.0      -132.4    0.5965        19.6       22.2        -2.6
1982....................................     617.8     745.7      -128.0      967.4   1,167.8      -200.4    0.6386        19.1       23.1        -4.0
1983....................................     600.6     808.4      -207.8      898.6   1,209.6      -310.9    0.6683        17.5       23.5        -6.0
1984....................................     666.5     851.9      -185.4      950.4   1,214.7      -264.3    0.7013        17.4       22.2        -4.8

1985....................................     734.1     946.4      -212.3    1,012.0   1,304.7      -292.7    0.7254        17.7       22.9        -5.1
1986....................................     769.2     990.4      -221.2    1,034.9   1,332.5      -297.6    0.7433        17.5       22.5        -5.0
1987....................................     854.4   1,004.1      -149.7    1,118.7   1,314.8      -196.1    0.7637        18.4       21.6        -3.2
1988....................................     909.3   1,064.5      -155.2    1,154.1   1,351.0      -196.9    0.7879        18.1       21.2        -3.1
1989....................................     991.2   1,143.6      -152.5    1,213.1   1,399.6      -186.6    0.8171        18.3       21.2        -2.8

1990....................................   1,032.0   1,253.2      -221.2    1,221.7   1,483.6      -261.9    0.8447        18.0       21.8        -3.9
1991....................................   1,055.0   1,324.4      -269.3    1,196.2   1,501.6      -305.4    0.8820        17.8       22.3        -4.5
1992....................................   1,091.3   1,381.7      -290.4    1,196.7   1,515.1      -318.4    0.9119        17.5       22.2        -4.7
1993....................................   1,154.4   1,409.5      -255.1    1,234.8   1,507.6      -272.8    0.9349        17.6       21.5        -3.9
1994....................................   1,258.6   1,461.9      -203.2    1,318.9   1,531.9      -213.0    0.9543        18.1       21.1        -2.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 26]]


 Table 1.3--SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) IN CURRENT DOLLARS, CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS, AND AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1940-
                                                                     2008--Continued
                                                              (dollar amounts in billions)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 In Current Dollars         In Constant (FY 1996 Dollars)                    As Percentages of GDP
                                         ------------------------------------------------------------------ Addendum: ----------------------------------
               Fiscal Year                                     Surplus or                       Surplus or  Composite                         Surplus or
                                          Receipts   Outlays  Deficit (-)  Receipts   Outlays  Deficit (-)   Deflator   Receipts   Outlays   Deficit (-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995....................................   1,351.8   1,515.8      -164.0    1,383.7   1,551.5      -167.8    0.9770        18.5       20.7        -2.2
1996....................................   1,453.1   1,560.5      -107.5    1,453.1   1,560.5      -107.5    1.0000        18.9       20.3        -1.4
1997....................................   1,579.3   1,601.2       -22.0    1,547.3   1,568.8       -21.5    1.0207        19.3       19.6        -0.3
1998....................................   1,721.8   1,652.6        69.2    1,665.8   1,598.9        67.0    1.0336        19.9       19.1         0.8
1999....................................   1,827.5   1,701.9       125.6    1,740.3   1,620.7       119.6    1.0501        20.0       18.6         1.4

2000....................................   2,025.2   1,788.8       236.4    1,880.1   1,660.6       219.5    1.0772        20.8       18.4         2.4
2001....................................   1,991.2   1,863.9       127.3    1,807.9   1,692.3       115.6    1.1014        19.9       18.6         1.3
2002....................................   1,853.2   2,011.0      -157.8    1,656.8   1,797.9      -141.1    1.1185        17.9       19.5        -1.5
2003 estimate...........................   1,836.2   2,140.4      -304.2    1,611.0   1,877.9      -266.9    1.1398        17.1       19.9        -2.8
2004 estimate...........................   1,922.0   2,229.4      -307.4    1,655.3   1,920.1      -264.7    1.1611        17.0       19.7        -2.7

2005 estimate...........................   2,135.2   2,343.4      -208.2    1,805.5   1,981.6      -176.1    1.1826        18.0       19.7        -1.8
2006 estimate...........................   2,263.2   2,463.7      -200.5    1,878.6   2,045.0      -166.4    1.2047        18.1       19.7        -1.6
2007 estimate...........................   2,398.1   2,576.2      -178.1    1,952.5   2,097.5      -145.0    1.2282        18.3       19.7        -1.4
2008 estimate...........................   2,520.9   2,710.5      -189.6    2,012.1   2,163.4      -151.3    1.2529        18.3       19.7        -1.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 27]]

 
                                                       Table 1.4--RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) BY FUND GROUP: 1934-2008
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   Receipts                                       Outlays                           Surplus or Deficit (-)
                                                               ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Fiscal Year                                       Federal     Trust      Interfund               Federal     Trust      Interfund                 Federal      Trust
                                                                  Total      Funds      Funds    Transactions    Total      Funds      Funds    Transactions     Total       Funds       Funds
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1934..........................................................      2,955      2,926         72          -42       6,541      6,558         25          -42       -3,586      -3,633          47

1935..........................................................      3,609      3,578         76          -45       6,412      6,427         30          -45       -2,803      -2,849          46
1936..........................................................      3,923      3,871        168         -116       8,228      8,335          9         -116       -4,304      -4,464         159
1937..........................................................      5,387      4,794        691          -99       7,580      7,620         58          -99       -2,193      -2,826         633
1938..........................................................      6,751      5,477      1,474         -201       6,840      6,689        351         -201          -89      -1,212       1,124
1939..........................................................      6,295      4,822      1,657         -184       9,141      8,718        607         -184       -2,846      -3,896       1,051

1940..........................................................      6,548      4,929      1,845         -225       9,468      8,974        720         -225       -2,920      -4,045       1,125
1941..........................................................      8,712      6,900      2,090         -277      13,653     13,260        671         -277       -4,941      -6,360       1,419
1942..........................................................     14,634     12,336      2,613         -315      35,137     34,831        620         -315      -20,503     -22,496       1,992
1943..........................................................     24,001     21,117      3,279         -395      78,555     78,765        185         -395      -54,554     -57,648       3,094
1944..........................................................     43,747     40,466      3,896         -615      91,304     92,284       -365         -615      -47,557     -51,818       4,261

1945..........................................................     45,159     41,875      5,045       -1,760      92,712     94,846       -374       -1,760      -47,553     -52,972       5,419
1946..........................................................     39,296     36,357      5,144       -2,205      55,232     56,204      1,234       -2,205      -15,936     -19,847       3,910
1947..........................................................     38,514     35,380      4,885       -1,751      34,496     34,803      1,444       -1,751        4,018         577       3,441
1948..........................................................     41,560     37,822      4,894       -1,156      29,764     28,988      1,932       -1,156       11,796       8,834       2,962
1949..........................................................     39,415     35,849      4,750       -1,184      38,835     37,686      2,333       -1,184          580      -1,838       2,417

1950..........................................................     39,443     35,334      5,823       -1,715      42,562     38,389      5,888       -1,715       -3,119      -3,055         -65
1951..........................................................     51,616     46,183      6,729       -1,296      45,514     43,732      3,078       -1,296        6,102       2,451       3,651
1952..........................................................     66,167     59,989      7,744       -1,566      67,686     64,994      4,257       -1,566       -1,519      -5,005       3,486
1953..........................................................     69,608     63,085      8,080       -1,557      76,101     73,006      4,652       -1,557       -6,493      -9,921       3,427
1954..........................................................     69,701     62,774      8,297       -1,370      70,855     65,924      6,301       -1,370       -1,154      -3,151       1,997

1955..........................................................     65,451     58,168      8,627       -1,344      68,444     62,341      7,447       -1,344       -2,993      -4,173       1,180
1956..........................................................     74,587     65,594     10,745       -1,753      70,640     64,281      8,111       -1,753        3,947       1,313       2,634
1957..........................................................     79,990     68,847     13,210       -2,067      76,578     67,189     11,456       -2,067        3,412       1,657       1,755
1958..........................................................     79,636     66,720     15,082       -2,166      82,405     69,737     14,834       -2,166       -2,769      -3,017         248
1959..........................................................     79,249     65,800     15,770       -2,321      92,098     77,071     17,348       -2,321      -12,849     -11,271      -1,578

1960..........................................................     92,492     75,647     19,232       -2,387      92,191     74,856     19,722       -2,387          301         791        -490
1961..........................................................     94,388     75,175     22,320       -3,107      97,723     79,368     21,462       -3,107       -3,335      -4,193         858
1962..........................................................     99,676     79,700     22,981       -3,005     106,821     86,546     23,280       -3,005       -7,146      -6,847        -299
1963..........................................................    106,560     84,013     25,792       -3,245     111,316     90,643     23,918       -3,245       -4,756      -6,630       1,874
1964..........................................................    112,613     87,511     28,461       -3,358     118,528     96,098     25,788       -3,358       -5,915      -8,588       2,673

1965..........................................................    116,817     90,943     29,202       -3,328     118,228     94,853     26,703       -3,328       -1,411      -3,910       2,499
1966..........................................................    130,835    101,428     32,959       -3,552     134,532    106,592     31,492       -3,552       -3,698      -5,165       1,467
1967..........................................................    148,822    111,835     42,213       -5,227     157,464    127,544     35,147       -5,227       -8,643     -15,709       7,066
1968..........................................................    152,973    114,726     44,011       -5,764     178,134    143,100     40,799       -5,764      -25,161     -28,373       3,212
1969..........................................................    186,882    143,322     51,108       -7,549     183,640    148,192     42,996       -7,549        3,242      -4,871       8,112

1970..........................................................    192,807    143,159     58,425       -8,777     195,649    156,327     48,099       -8,777       -2,842     -13,168      10,326
1971..........................................................    187,139    133,785     64,937      -11,583     210,172    163,681     58,074      -11,583      -23,033     -29,896       6,863
1972..........................................................    207,309    148,846     71,619      -13,156     230,681    178,144     65,693      -13,156      -23,373     -29,299       5,926
1973..........................................................    230,799    161,357     90,767      -21,325     245,707    187,044     79,988      -21,325      -14,908     -25,687      10,779
1974..........................................................    263,224    181,228    103,789      -21,793     269,359    201,376     89,776      -21,793       -6,135     -20,148      14,013

1975..........................................................    279,090    187,505    117,647      -26,061     332,332    248,174    110,220      -26,061      -53,242     -60,669       7,427
1976..........................................................    298,060    201,099    132,509      -35,548     371,792    277,242    130,099      -35,548      -73,732     -76,143       2,410
TQ............................................................     81,232     54,085     31,625       -4,478      95,975     66,878     33,575       -4,478      -14,744     -12,794      -1,950
1977..........................................................    355,559    241,312    151,503      -37,256     409,218    304,474    142,000      -37,256      -53,659     -63,162       9,502
1978..........................................................    399,561    270,490    166,468      -37,397     458,746    342,372    153,771      -37,397      -59,185     -71,882      12,697
1979..........................................................    463,302    316,366    188,072      -41,136     504,028    375,431    169,733      -41,136      -40,726     -59,065      18,339

1980..........................................................    517,112    350,856    212,106      -45,850     590,941    433,489    203,302      -45,850      -73,830     -82,633       8,804
1981..........................................................    599,272    410,422    240,601      -51,751     678,241    496,213    233,778      -51,751      -78,968     -85,791       6,823
1982..........................................................    617,766    409,253    270,138      -61,625     745,743    543,473    263,894      -61,625     -127,977    -134,221       6,244
1983..........................................................    600,562    382,432    319,363     -101,233     808,364    613,311    296,286     -101,233     -207,802    -230,879      23,077
1984..........................................................    666,486    420,399    338,661      -92,574     851,853    638,671    305,757      -92,574     -185,367    -218,272      32,905

1985..........................................................    734,088    460,311    397,500     -123,723     946,396    726,768    343,351     -123,723     -212,308    -266,457      54,149
1986..........................................................    769,215    474,125    423,377     -128,287     990,430    757,233    361,484     -128,287     -221,215    -283,108      61,893
1987..........................................................    854,353    538,709    444,203     -128,559   1,004,082    761,056    371,585     -128,559     -149,728    -222,346      72,618
1988..........................................................    909,303    561,447    491,202     -143,346   1,064,455    814,323    393,478     -143,346     -155,152    -252,876      97,724
1989..........................................................    991,190    615,322    535,941     -160,073   1,143,646    891,261    412,458     -160,073     -152,456    -275,939     123,483
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See note at end of table.


[[Page 28]]


                                                 Table 1.4--RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS(-) BY FUND GROUP: 1934-2008--Continued
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   Receipts                                       Outlays                           Surplus or Deficit (-)
                                                               ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Fiscal Year                                       Federal     Trust      Interfund               Federal     Trust      Interfund                 Federal      Trust
                                                                  Total      Funds      Funds    Transactions    Total      Funds      Funds    Transactions     Total       Funds       Funds
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990..........................................................  1,031,969    635,838    566,931     -170,799   1,253,165    977,178    446,785     -170,799     -221,195    -341,341     120,145
1991..........................................................  1,055,041    641,572    603,912     -190,443   1,324,369  1,022,633    492,179     -190,443     -269,328    -381,061     111,733
1992..........................................................  1,091,279    656,296    636,125     -201,141   1,381,655  1,042,689    540,107     -201,141     -290,376    -386,393      96,018
1993..........................................................  1,154,401    705,457    671,516     -222,571   1,409,489  1,060,929    571,130     -222,571     -255,087    -355,473     100,385
1994..........................................................  1,258,627    775,027    694,016     -210,416   1,461,877  1,073,599    598,694     -210,416     -203,250    -298,571      95,322

1995..........................................................  1,351,830    838,831    729,028     -216,029   1,515,802  1,102,062    629,769     -216,029     -163,972    -263,231      99,259
1996..........................................................  1,453,062    917,134    775,748     -239,820   1,560,535  1,139,225    661,130     -239,820     -107,473    -222,091     114,618
1997..........................................................  1,579,292  1,010,315    818,347     -249,370   1,601,250  1,158,212    692,408     -249,370      -21,958    -147,897     125,939
1998..........................................................  1,721,798  1,113,467    870,967     -262,636   1,652,585  1,205,448    709,773     -262,636       69,213     -91,981     161,194
1999..........................................................  1,827,454  1,164,384    937,598     -274,528   1,701,891  1,251,548    724,871     -274,528      125,563     -87,164     212,727

2000..........................................................  2,025,218  1,325,755    995,181     -295,718   1,788,773  1,323,919    760,572     -295,718      236,445       1,836     234,609
2001..........................................................  1,991,194  1,256,504  1,049,511     -314,821   1,863,895  1,357,926    820,790     -314,821      127,299    -101,422     228,721
2002..........................................................  1,853,173  1,108,949  1,087,460     -343,236   2,010,975  1,469,150    885,061     -343,236     -157,802    -360,201     202,399
2003 estimate.................................................  1,836,218  1,065,477  1,115,918     -345,177   2,140,377  1,561,980    923,574     -345,177     -304,159    -496,503     192,344
2004 estimate.................................................  1,922,025  1,112,176  1,185,145     -375,296   2,229,425  1,660,299    944,422     -375,296     -307,400    -548,123     240,723

2005 estimate.................................................  2,135,188  1,274,830  1,247,246     -386,888   2,343,399  1,747,357    982,930     -386,888     -208,211    -472,527     264,316
2006 estimate.................................................  2,263,159  1,366,039  1,306,999     -409,879   2,463,663  1,833,274  1,040,268     -409,879     -200,504    -467,235     266,731
2007 estimate.................................................  2,398,054  1,461,380  1,372,013     -435,339   2,576,203  1,914,790  1,096,752     -435,339     -178,149    -453,410     275,261
2008 estimate.................................................  2,520,923  1,543,891  1,442,098     -465,066   2,710,517  2,020,318  1,155,265     -465,066     -189,594    -476,427     286,833
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Receipts and outlays have been adjusted in this table by including interfund offsetting receipts of federal funds and trust funds in each fund's receipt totals and excluding them from
  the outlay totals.



[[Page 29]]

 
                                                        Table 2.1--RECEIPTS BY SOURCE: 1934-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation             Receipts \2\                                    -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------   Excise     Other \3\
                                    Taxes     Taxes \1\                  (On-        (Off-     Taxes \2\                 Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1934...........................        420          364          30         (30)  ..........      1,354         788       2,955      (2,955)  ..........

1935...........................        527          529          31         (31)  ..........      1,439       1,084       3,609      (3,609)  ..........
1936...........................        674          719          52         (52)  ..........      1,631         847       3,923      (3,923)  ..........
1937...........................      1,092        1,038         580        (315)       (265)      1,876         801       5,387      (5,122)       (265)
1938...........................      1,286        1,287       1,541      (1,154)       (387)      1,863         773       6,751      (6,364)       (387)
1939...........................      1,029        1,127       1,593      (1,090)       (503)      1,871         675       6,295      (5,792)       (503)

1940...........................        892        1,197       1,785      (1,235)       (550)      1,977         698       6,548      (5,998)       (550)
1941...........................      1,314        2,124       1,940      (1,252)       (688)      2,552         781       8,712      (8,024)       (688)
1942...........................      3,263        4,719       2,452      (1,557)       (896)      3,399         801      14,634     (13,738)       (896)
1943...........................      6,505        9,557       3,044      (1,913)     (1,130)      4,096         800      24,001     (22,871)     (1,130)
1944...........................     19,705       14,838       3,473      (2,181)     (1,292)      4,759         972      43,747     (42,455)     (1,292)

1945...........................     18,372       15,988       3,451      (2,141)     (1,310)      6,265       1,083      45,159     (43,849)     (1,310)
1946...........................     16,098       11,883       3,115      (1,877)     (1,238)      6,998       1,202      39,296     (38,057)     (1,238)
1947...........................     17,935        8,615       3,422      (1,963)     (1,459)      7,211       1,331      38,514     (37,055)     (1,459)
1948...........................     19,315        9,678       3,751      (2,134)     (1,616)      7,356       1,461      41,560     (39,944)     (1,616)
1949...........................     15,552       11,192       3,781      (2,091)     (1,690)      7,502       1,388      39,415     (37,724)     (1,690)

1950...........................     15,755       10,449       4,338      (2,232)     (2,106)      7,550       1,351      39,443     (37,336)     (2,106)
1951...........................     21,616       14,101       5,674      (2,554)     (3,120)      8,648       1,578      51,616     (48,496)     (3,120)
1952...........................     27,934       21,226       6,445      (2,851)     (3,594)      8,852       1,710      66,167     (62,573)     (3,594)
1953...........................     29,816       21,238       6,820      (2,723)     (4,097)      9,877       1,857      69,608     (65,511)     (4,097)
1954...........................     29,542       21,101       7,208      (2,619)     (4,589)      9,945       1,905      69,701     (65,112)     (4,589)

1955...........................     28,747       17,861       7,862      (2,781)     (5,081)      9,131       1,850      65,451     (60,370)     (5,081)
1956...........................     32,188       20,880       9,320      (2,896)     (6,425)      9,929       2,270      74,587     (68,162)     (6,425)
1957...........................     35,620       21,167       9,997      (3,208)     (6,789)     10,534       2,672      79,990     (73,201)     (6,789)
1958...........................     34,724       20,074      11,239      (3,190)     (8,049)     10,638       2,961      79,636     (71,587)     (8,049)
1959...........................     36,719       17,309      11,722      (3,427)     (8,296)     10,578       2,921      79,249     (70,953)     (8,296)

1960...........................     40,715       21,494      14,683      (4,042)    (10,641)     11,676       3,923      92,492     (81,851)    (10,641)
1961...........................     41,338       20,954      16,439      (4,331)    (12,109)     11,860       3,796      94,388     (82,279)    (12,109)
1962...........................     45,571       20,523      17,046      (4,776)    (12,271)     12,534       4,001      99,676     (87,405)    (12,271)
1963...........................     47,588       21,579      19,804      (5,629)    (14,175)     13,194       4,395     106,560     (92,385)    (14,175)
1964...........................     48,697       23,493      21,963      (5,597)    (16,366)     13,731       4,731     112,613     (96,248)    (16,366)

1965...........................     48,792       25,461      22,242      (5,519)    (16,723)     14,570       5,753     116,817    (100,094)    (16,723)
1966...........................     55,446       30,073      25,546      (6,460)    (19,085)     13,062       6,708     130,835    (111,749)    (19,085)
1967...........................     61,526       33,971      32,619      (8,217)    (24,401)     13,719       6,987     148,822    (124,420)    (24,401)
1968...........................     68,726       28,665      33,923      (9,007)    (24,917)     14,079       7,580     152,973    (128,056)    (24,917)
1969...........................     87,249       36,678      39,015     (10,062)    (28,953)     15,222       8,718     186,882    (157,928)    (28,953)

1970...........................     90,412       32,829      44,362     (10,903)    (33,459)     15,705       9,499     192,807    (159,348)    (33,459)
1971...........................     86,230       26,785      47,325     (11,481)    (35,845)     16,614      10,185     187,139    (151,294)    (35,845)
1972...........................     94,737       32,166      52,574     (12,667)    (39,907)     15,477      12,355     207,309    (167,402)    (39,907)
1973...........................    103,246       36,153      63,115     (17,031)    (46,084)     16,260      12,026     230,799    (184,715)    (46,084)
1974...........................    118,952       38,620      75,071     (21,146)    (53,925)     16,844      13,737     263,224    (209,299)    (53,925)

1975...........................    122,386       40,621      84,534     (22,077)    (62,458)     16,551      14,998     279,090    (216,633)    (62,458)
1976...........................    131,603       41,409      90,769     (24,381)    (66,389)     16,963      17,317     298,060    (231,671)    (66,389)
TQ.............................     38,801        8,460      25,219      (7,203)    (18,016)      4,473       4,279      81,232     (63,216)    (18,016)
1977...........................    157,626       54,892     106,485     (29,668)    (76,817)     17,548      19,008     355,559    (278,741)    (76,817)
1978...........................    180,988       59,952     120,967     (35,576)    (85,391)     18,376      19,278     399,561    (314,169)    (85,391)
1979...........................    217,841       65,677     138,939     (40,945)    (97,994)     18,745      22,101     463,302    (365,309)    (97,994)

1980...........................    244,069       64,600     157,803     (44,594)   (113,209)     24,329      26,311     517,112    (403,903)   (113,209)
1981...........................    285,917       61,137     182,720     (52,545)   (130,176)     40,839      28,659     599,272    (469,097)   (130,176)
1982...........................    297,744       49,207     201,498     (58,031)   (143,467)     36,311      33,006     617,766    (474,299)   (143,467)
1983...........................    288,938       37,022     208,994     (61,674)   (147,320)     35,300      30,309     600,562    (453,242)   (147,320)
1984...........................    298,415       56,893     239,376     (73,301)   (166,075)     37,361      34,440     666,486    (500,411)   (166,075)

1985...........................    334,531       61,331     265,163     (78,992)   (186,171)     35,992      37,072     734,088    (547,918)   (186,171)
1986...........................    348,959       63,143     283,901     (83,673)   (200,228)     32,919      40,292     769,215    (568,986)   (200,228)
1987...........................    392,557       83,926     303,318     (89,916)   (213,402)     32,457      42,095     854,353    (640,951)   (213,402)
1988...........................    401,181       94,508     334,335     (92,845)   (241,491)     35,227      44,051     909,303    (667,812)   (241,491)
1989...........................    445,690      103,291     359,416     (95,751)   (263,666)     34,386      48,407     991,190    (727,525)   (263,666)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 30]]


                                                   Table 2.1--RECEIPTS BY SOURCE: 1934-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation             Receipts \2\                                    -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------   Excise     Other \3\
                                    Taxes     Taxes \1\                  (On-        (Off-     Taxes \2\                 Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990...........................    466,884       93,507     380,047     (98,392)   (281,656)     35,345      56,186   1,031,969    (750,314)   (281,656)
1991...........................    467,827       98,086     396,016    (102,131)   (293,885)     42,402      50,710   1,055,041    (761,157)   (293,885)
1992...........................    475,964      100,270     413,689    (111,263)   (302,426)     45,569      55,787   1,091,279    (788,853)   (302,426)
1993...........................    509,680      117,520     428,300    (116,366)   (311,934)     48,057      50,844   1,154,401    (842,467)   (311,934)
1994...........................    543,055      140,385     461,475    (126,450)   (335,026)     55,225      58,487   1,258,627    (923,601)   (335,026)

1995...........................    590,244      157,004     484,473    (133,394)   (351,079)     57,484      62,625   1,351,830   (1,000,751   (351,079)
                                                                                                                                           )
1996...........................    656,417      171,824     509,414    (141,922)   (367,492)     54,014      61,393   1,453,062   (1,085,570   (367,492)
                                                                                                                                           )
1997...........................    737,466      182,293     539,371    (147,381)   (391,990)     56,924      63,238   1,579,292   (1,187,302   (391,990)
                                                                                                                                           )
1998...........................    828,586      188,677     571,831    (156,032)   (415,799)     57,673      75,031   1,721,798   (1,305,999   (415,799)
                                                                                                                                           )
1999...........................    879,480      184,680     611,833    (167,365)   (444,468)     70,414      81,047   1,827,454   (1,382,986   (444,468)
                                                                                                                                           )

2000...........................  1,004,462      207,289     652,852    (172,268)   (480,584)     68,865      91,750   2,025,218   (1,544,634   (480,584)
                                                                                                                                           )
2001...........................    994,339      151,075     693,967    (186,448)   (507,519)     66,232      85,581   1,991,194   (1,483,675   (507,519)
                                                                                                                                           )
2002...........................    858,345      148,044     700,760    (185,439)   (515,321)     66,989      79,035   1,853,173   (1,337,852   (515,321)
                                                                                                                                           )
2003 estimate..................    849,053      143,186     726,593    (195,028)   (531,565)     68,416      48,970   1,836,218   (1,304,653   (531,565)
                                                                                                                                           )
2004 estimate..................    849,880      169,060     764,548    (208,380)   (556,168)     70,905      67,632   1,922,025   (1,365,857   (556,168)
                                                                                                                                           )

2005 estimate..................    934,556      229,318     810,890    (221,387)   (589,503)     73,296      87,128   2,135,188   (1,545,685   (589,503)
                                                                                                                                           )
2006 estimate..................  1,014,055      233,821     845,760    (230,988)   (614,772)     75,591      93,932   2,263,159   (1,648,387   (614,772)
                                                                                                                                           )
2007 estimate..................  1,103,361      237,759     883,555    (239,111)   (644,444)     77,778      95,601   2,398,054   (1,753,610   (644,444)
                                                                                                                                           )
2008 estimate..................  1,175,348      243,684     922,235    (249,043)   (673,192)     79,959      99,697   2,520,923   (1,847,731   (673,192)
                                                                                                                                           )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Beginning in 1987, includes trust fund receipts for the hazardous substance superfund. The trust fund amounts are as follows (in millions of
  dollars): 1987: 196; 1988: 313; 1989: 292; 1990: 461; 1991: 591; 1992: 380; 1993: 886; 1994: 653; 1995: 612; 1996: 323; 1997: 4; 1998: 79; 1999: 10;
  2000: 3. In 1989 and 1990, includes trust fund receipts for the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. The trust fund amounts are (in millions of
  dollars): 527 in 1989 and -527 in 1990.
\2\ See Table 2.4 for additional details.
\3\ See Table 2.5 for additional details.


[[Page 31]]

 
                                           Table 2.2--PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF RECEIPTS BY SOURCE: 1934-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation               Receipts                                      -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------    Excise      Other
                                    Taxes       Taxes                    (On-        (Off-       Taxes                   Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1934...........................       14.2         12.3         1.0        (1.0)  ..........       45.8        26.7       100.0      (100.0)  ..........

1935...........................       14.6         14.7         0.9        (0.9)  ..........       39.9        30.0       100.0      (100.0)  ..........
1936...........................       17.2         18.3         1.3        (1.3)  ..........       41.6        21.6       100.0      (100.0)  ..........
1937...........................       20.3         19.3        10.8        (5.9)       (4.9)       34.8        14.9       100.0       (95.1)       (4.9)
1938...........................       19.1         19.1        22.8       (17.1)       (5.7)       27.6        11.5       100.0       (94.3)       (5.7)
1939...........................       16.3         17.9        25.3       (17.3)       (8.0)       29.7        10.7       100.0       (92.0)       (8.0)

1940...........................       13.6         18.3        27.3       (18.9)       (8.4)       30.2        10.7       100.0       (91.6)       (8.4)
1941...........................       15.1         24.4        22.3       (14.4)       (7.9)       29.3         9.0       100.0       (92.1)       (7.9)
1942...........................       22.3         32.2        16.8       (10.6)       (6.1)       23.2         5.5       100.0       (93.9)       (6.1)
1943...........................       27.1         39.8        12.7        (8.0)       (4.7)       17.1         3.3       100.0       (95.3)       (4.7)
1944...........................       45.0         33.9         7.9        (5.0)       (3.0)       10.9         2.2       100.0       (97.0)       (3.0)

1945...........................       40.7         35.4         7.6        (4.7)       (2.9)       13.9         2.4       100.0       (97.1)       (2.9)
1946...........................       41.0         30.2         7.9        (4.8)       (3.2)       17.8         3.1       100.0       (96.8)       (3.2)
1947...........................       46.6         22.4         8.9        (5.1)       (3.8)       18.7         3.5       100.0       (96.2)       (3.8)
1948...........................       46.5         23.3         9.0        (5.1)       (3.9)       17.7         3.5       100.0       (96.1)       (3.9)
1949...........................       39.5         28.4         9.6        (5.3)       (4.3)       19.0         3.5       100.0       (95.7)       (4.3)

1950...........................       39.9         26.5        11.0        (5.7)       (5.3)       19.1         3.4       100.0       (94.7)       (5.3)
1951...........................       41.9         27.3        11.0        (4.9)       (6.0)       16.8         3.1       100.0       (94.0)       (6.0)
1952...........................       42.2         32.1         9.7        (4.3)       (5.4)       13.4         2.6       100.0       (94.6)       (5.4)
1953...........................       42.8         30.5         9.8        (3.9)       (5.9)       14.2         2.7       100.0       (94.1)       (5.9)
1954...........................       42.4         30.3        10.3        (3.8)       (6.6)       14.3         2.7       100.0       (93.4)       (6.6)

1955...........................       43.9         27.3        12.0        (4.2)       (7.8)       14.0         2.8       100.0       (92.2)       (7.8)
1956...........................       43.2         28.0        12.5        (3.9)       (8.6)       13.3         3.0       100.0       (91.4)       (8.6)
1957...........................       44.5         26.5        12.5        (4.0)       (8.5)       13.2         3.3       100.0       (91.5)       (8.5)
1958...........................       43.6         25.2        14.1        (4.0)      (10.1)       13.4         3.7       100.0       (89.9)      (10.1)
1959...........................       46.3         21.8        14.8        (4.3)      (10.5)       13.3         3.7       100.0       (89.5)      (10.5)

1960...........................       44.0         23.2        15.9        (4.4)      (11.5)       12.6         4.2       100.0       (88.5)      (11.5)
1961...........................       43.8         22.2        17.4        (4.6)      (12.8)       12.6         4.0       100.0       (87.2)      (12.8)
1962...........................       45.7         20.6        17.1        (4.8)      (12.3)       12.6         4.0       100.0       (87.7)      (12.3)
1963...........................       44.7         20.3        18.6        (5.3)      (13.3)       12.4         4.1       100.0       (86.7)      (13.3)
1964...........................       43.2         20.9        19.5        (5.0)      (14.5)       12.2         4.2       100.0       (85.5)      (14.5)

1965...........................       41.8         21.8        19.0        (4.7)      (14.3)       12.5         4.9       100.0       (85.7)      (14.3)
1966...........................       42.4         23.0        19.5        (4.9)      (14.6)       10.0         5.1       100.0       (85.4)      (14.6)
1967...........................       41.3         22.8        21.9        (5.5)      (16.4)        9.2         4.7       100.0       (83.6)      (16.4)
1968...........................       44.9         18.7        22.2        (5.9)      (16.3)        9.2         5.0       100.0       (83.7)      (16.3)
1969...........................       46.7         19.6        20.9        (5.4)      (15.5)        8.1         4.7       100.0       (84.5)      (15.5)

1970...........................       46.9         17.0        23.0        (5.7)      (17.4)        8.1         4.9       100.0       (82.6)      (17.4)
1971...........................       46.1         14.3        25.3        (6.1)      (19.2)        8.9         5.4       100.0       (80.8)      (19.2)
1972...........................       45.7         15.5        25.4        (6.1)      (19.2)        7.5         6.0       100.0       (80.7)      (19.2)
1973...........................       44.7         15.7        27.3        (7.4)      (20.0)        7.0         5.2       100.0       (80.0)      (20.0)
1974...........................       45.2         14.7        28.5        (8.0)      (20.5)        6.4         5.2       100.0       (79.5)      (20.5)

1975...........................       43.9         14.6        30.3        (7.9)      (22.4)        5.9         5.4       100.0       (77.6)      (22.4)
1976...........................       44.2         13.9        30.5        (8.2)      (22.3)        5.7         5.8       100.0       (77.7)      (22.3)
TQ.............................       47.8         10.4        31.0        (8.9)      (22.2)        5.5         5.3       100.0       (77.8)      (22.2)
1977...........................       44.3         15.4        29.9        (8.3)      (21.6)        4.9         5.3       100.0       (78.4)      (21.6)
1978...........................       45.3         15.0        30.3        (8.9)      (21.4)        4.6         4.8       100.0       (78.6)      (21.4)
1979...........................       47.0         14.2        30.0        (8.8)      (21.2)        4.0         4.8       100.0       (78.8)      (21.2)

1980...........................       47.2         12.5        30.5        (8.6)      (21.9)        4.7         5.1       100.0       (78.1)      (21.9)
1981...........................       47.7         10.2        30.5        (8.8)      (21.7)        6.8         4.8       100.0       (78.3)      (21.7)
1982...........................       48.2          8.0        32.6        (9.4)      (23.2)        5.9         5.3       100.0       (76.8)      (23.2)
1983...........................       48.1          6.2        34.8       (10.3)      (24.5)        5.9         5.0       100.0       (75.5)      (24.5)
1984...........................       44.8          8.5        35.9       (11.0)      (24.9)        5.6         5.2       100.0       (75.1)      (24.9)

1985...........................       45.6          8.4        36.1       (10.8)      (25.4)        4.9         5.1       100.0       (74.6)      (25.4)
1986...........................       45.4          8.2        36.9       (10.9)      (26.0)        4.3         5.2       100.0       (74.0)      (26.0)
1987...........................       45.9          9.8        35.5       (10.5)      (25.0)        3.8         4.9       100.0       (75.0)      (25.0)
1988...........................       44.1         10.4        36.8       (10.2)      (26.6)        3.9         4.8       100.0       (73.4)      (26.6)
1989...........................       45.0         10.4        36.3        (9.7)      (26.6)        3.5         4.9       100.0       (73.4)      (26.6)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 32]]


                                      Table 2.2--PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF RECEIPTS BY SOURCE: 1934-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation               Receipts                                      -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------    Excise      Other
                                    Taxes       Taxes                    (On-        (Off-       Taxes                   Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990...........................       45.2          9.1        36.8        (9.5)      (27.3)        3.4         5.4       100.0       (72.7)      (27.3)
1991...........................       44.3          9.3        37.5        (9.7)      (27.9)        4.0         4.8       100.0       (72.1)      (27.9)
1992...........................       43.6          9.2        37.9       (10.2)      (27.7)        4.2         5.1       100.0       (72.3)      (27.7)
1993...........................       44.2         10.2        37.1       (10.1)      (27.0)        4.2         4.4       100.0       (73.0)      (27.0)
1994...........................       43.1         11.2        36.7       (10.0)      (26.6)        4.4         4.6       100.0       (73.4)      (26.6)

1995...........................       43.7         11.6        35.8        (9.9)      (26.0)        4.3         4.6       100.0       (74.0)      (26.0)
1996...........................       45.2         11.8        35.1        (9.8)      (25.3)        3.7         4.2       100.0       (74.7)      (25.3)
1997...........................       46.7         11.5        34.2        (9.3)      (24.8)        3.6         4.0       100.0       (75.2)      (24.8)
1998...........................       48.1         11.0        33.2        (9.1)      (24.1)        3.3         4.4       100.0       (75.9)      (24.1)
1999...........................       48.1         10.1        33.5        (9.2)      (24.3)        3.9         4.4       100.0       (75.7)      (24.3)

2000...........................       49.6         10.2        32.2        (8.5)      (23.7)        3.4         4.5       100.0       (76.3)      (23.7)
2001...........................       49.9          7.6        34.9        (9.4)      (25.5)        3.3         4.3       100.0       (74.5)      (25.5)
2002...........................       46.3          8.0        37.8       (10.0)      (27.8)        3.6         4.3       100.0       (72.2)      (27.8)
2003 estimate..................       46.2          7.8        39.6       (10.6)      (28.9)        3.7         2.7       100.0       (71.1)      (28.9)
2004 estimate..................       44.2          8.8        39.8       (10.8)      (28.9)        3.7         3.5       100.0       (71.1)      (28.9)

2005 estimate..................       43.8         10.7        38.0       (10.4)      (27.6)        3.4         4.1       100.0       (72.4)      (27.6)
2006 estimate..................       44.8         10.3        37.4       (10.2)      (27.2)        3.3         4.2       100.0       (72.8)      (27.2)
2007 estimate..................       46.0          9.9        36.8       (10.0)      (26.9)        3.2         4.0       100.0       (73.1)      (26.9)
2008 estimate..................       46.6          9.7        36.6        (9.9)      (26.7)        3.2         4.0       100.0       (73.3)      (26.7)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 33]]

 
                                             Table 2.3--RECEIPTS BY SOURCE AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1934-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation               Receipts                                      -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------   Excise       Other
                                    Taxes       Taxes                    (On-        (Off-      Taxes                    Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1934...........................        0.7          0.6           *          (*)  ..........        2.2         1.3         4.8        (4.8)  ..........

1935...........................        0.8          0.8           *          (*)  ..........        2.1         1.6         5.2        (5.2)  ..........
1936...........................        0.9          0.9         0.1        (0.1)  ..........        2.1         1.1         5.0        (5.0)  ..........
1937...........................        1.2          1.2         0.7        (0.4)       (0.3)        2.1         0.9         6.1        (5.8)       (0.3)
1938...........................        1.4          1.4         1.7        (1.3)       (0.4)        2.1         0.9         7.6        (7.2)       (0.4)
1939...........................        1.2          1.3         1.8        (1.2)       (0.6)        2.1         0.8         7.1        (6.5)       (0.6)

1940...........................        0.9          1.2         1.8        (1.3)       (0.6)        2.0         0.7         6.8        (6.2)       (0.6)
1941...........................        1.2          1.9         1.7        (1.1)       (0.6)        2.2         0.7         7.6        (7.0)       (0.6)
1942...........................        2.3          3.3         1.7        (1.1)       (0.6)        2.4         0.6        10.1        (9.5)       (0.6)
1943...........................        3.6          5.3         1.7        (1.1)       (0.6)        2.3         0.4        13.3       (12.7)       (0.6)
1944...........................        9.4          7.1         1.7        (1.0)       (0.6)        2.3         0.5        20.9       (20.3)       (0.6)

1945...........................        8.3          7.2         1.6        (1.0)       (0.6)        2.8         0.5        20.4       (19.8)       (0.6)
1946...........................        7.2          5.3         1.4        (0.8)       (0.6)        3.1         0.5        17.6       (17.1)       (0.6)
1947...........................        7.6          3.7         1.5        (0.8)       (0.6)        3.1         0.6        16.4       (15.8)       (0.6)
1948...........................        7.5          3.8         1.5        (0.8)       (0.6)        2.9         0.6        16.2       (15.6)       (0.6)
1949...........................        5.7          4.1         1.4        (0.8)       (0.6)        2.8         0.5        14.5       (13.9)       (0.6)

1950...........................        5.8          3.8         1.6        (0.8)       (0.8)        2.8         0.5        14.4       (13.7)       (0.8)
1951...........................        6.7          4.4         1.8        (0.8)       (1.0)        2.7         0.5        16.1       (15.1)       (1.0)
1952...........................        8.0          6.1         1.8        (0.8)       (1.0)        2.5         0.5        19.0       (17.9)       (1.0)
1953...........................        8.0          5.7         1.8        (0.7)       (1.1)        2.6         0.5        18.6       (17.5)       (1.1)
1954...........................        7.8          5.6         1.9        (0.7)       (1.2)        2.6         0.5        18.4       (17.2)       (1.2)

1955...........................        7.3          4.5         2.0        (0.7)       (1.3)        2.3         0.5        16.6       (15.3)       (1.3)
1956...........................        7.5          4.9         2.2        (0.7)       (1.5)        2.3         0.5        17.4       (15.9)       (1.5)
1957...........................        7.9          4.7         2.2        (0.7)       (1.5)        2.3         0.6        17.7       (16.2)       (1.5)
1958...........................        7.5          4.4         2.4        (0.7)       (1.7)        2.3         0.6        17.3       (15.5)       (1.7)
1959...........................        7.5          3.5         2.4        (0.7)       (1.7)        2.1         0.6        16.1       (14.4)       (1.7)

1960...........................        7.8          4.1         2.8        (0.8)       (2.1)        2.3         0.8        17.8       (15.8)       (2.1)
1961...........................        7.8          3.9         3.1        (0.8)       (2.3)        2.2         0.7        17.7       (15.5)       (2.3)
1962...........................        8.0          3.6         3.0        (0.8)       (2.2)        2.2         0.7        17.5       (15.4)       (2.2)
1963...........................        7.9          3.6         3.3        (0.9)       (2.4)        2.2         0.7        17.8       (15.4)       (2.4)
1964...........................        7.6          3.7         3.4        (0.9)       (2.6)        2.1         0.7        17.6       (15.0)       (2.6)

1965...........................        7.1          3.7         3.2        (0.8)       (2.4)        2.1         0.8        17.0       (14.6)       (2.4)
1966...........................        7.4          4.0         3.4        (0.9)       (2.5)        1.7         0.9        17.3       (14.8)       (2.5)
1967...........................        7.6          4.2         4.0        (1.0)       (3.0)        1.7         0.9        18.3       (15.3)       (3.0)
1968...........................        7.9          3.3         3.9        (1.0)       (2.9)        1.6         0.9        17.6       (14.7)       (2.9)
1969...........................        9.2          3.9         4.1        (1.1)       (3.1)        1.6         0.9        19.7       (16.6)       (3.1)

1970...........................        8.9          3.2         4.4        (1.1)       (3.3)        1.6         0.9        19.0       (15.7)       (3.3)
1971...........................        8.0          2.5         4.4        (1.1)       (3.3)        1.5         0.9        17.3       (14.0)       (3.3)
1972...........................        8.0          2.7         4.4        (1.1)       (3.4)        1.3         1.0        17.5       (14.2)       (3.4)
1973...........................        7.9          2.8         4.8        (1.3)       (3.5)        1.2         0.9        17.6       (14.1)       (3.5)
1974...........................        8.2          2.7         5.2        (1.5)       (3.7)        1.2         1.0        18.3       (14.5)       (3.7)

1975...........................        7.8          2.6         5.4        (1.4)       (4.0)        1.1         1.0        17.9       (13.9)       (4.0)
1976...........................        7.6          2.4         5.2        (1.4)       (3.8)        1.0         1.0        17.2       (13.3)       (3.8)
TQ.............................        8.5          1.9         5.5        (1.6)       (4.0)        1.0         0.9        17.9       (13.9)       (4.0)
1977...........................        8.0          2.8         5.4        (1.5)       (3.9)        0.9         1.0        18.0       (14.1)       (3.9)
1978...........................        8.2          2.7         5.5        (1.6)       (3.8)        0.8         0.9        18.0       (14.2)       (3.8)
1979...........................        8.7          2.6         5.5        (1.6)       (3.9)        0.7         0.9        18.5       (14.6)       (3.9)

1980...........................        8.9          2.4         5.8        (1.6)       (4.1)        0.9         1.0        18.9       (14.8)       (4.1)
1981...........................        9.3          2.0         6.0        (1.7)       (4.3)        1.3         0.9        19.6       (15.3)       (4.3)
1982...........................        9.2          1.5         6.2        (1.8)       (4.4)        1.1         1.0        19.1       (14.7)       (4.4)
1983...........................        8.4          1.1         6.1        (1.8)       (4.3)        1.0         0.9        17.5       (13.2)       (4.3)
1984...........................        7.8          1.5         6.2        (1.9)       (4.3)        1.0         0.9        17.4       (13.0)       (4.3)

1985...........................        8.1          1.5         6.4        (1.9)       (4.5)        0.9         0.9        17.7       (13.2)       (4.5)
1986...........................        7.9          1.4         6.5        (1.9)       (4.5)        0.7         0.9        17.5       (12.9)       (4.5)
1987...........................        8.4          1.8         6.5        (1.9)       (4.6)        0.7         0.9        18.4       (13.8)       (4.6)
1988...........................        8.0          1.9         6.7        (1.9)       (4.8)        0.7         0.9        18.1       (13.3)       (4.8)
1989...........................        8.2          1.9         6.6        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.6         0.9        18.3       (13.5)       (4.9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 34]]


                                        Table 2.3--RECEIPTS BY SOURCE AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1934-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Social Insurance and Retirement                                     Total Receipts
                                 Individual  Corporation               Receipts                                      -----------------------------------
          Fiscal Year              Income       Income   ------------------------------------   Excise       Other
                                    Taxes       Taxes                    (On-        (Off-      Taxes                    Total       (On-        (Off-
                                                             Total      Budget)     Budget)                                         Budget)     Budget)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990...........................        8.1          1.6         6.6        (1.7)       (4.9)        0.6         1.0        18.0       (13.1)       (4.9)
1991...........................        7.9          1.7         6.7        (1.7)       (5.0)        0.7         0.9        17.8       (12.8)       (5.0)
1992...........................        7.7          1.6         6.7        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.7         0.9        17.5       (12.7)       (4.9)
1993...........................        7.8          1.8         6.5        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.7         0.8        17.6       (12.8)       (4.8)
1994...........................        7.8          2.0         6.6        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.8         0.8        18.1       (13.3)       (4.8)

1995...........................        8.1          2.1         6.6        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.8         0.9        18.5       (13.7)       (4.8)
1996...........................        8.5          2.2         6.6        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.7         0.8        18.9       (14.1)       (4.8)
1997...........................        9.0          2.2         6.6        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.7         0.8        19.3       (14.5)       (4.8)
1998...........................        9.6          2.2         6.6        (1.8)       (4.8)        0.7         0.9        19.9       (15.1)       (4.8)
1999...........................        9.6          2.0         6.7        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.8         0.9        20.0       (15.1)       (4.9)

2000...........................       10.3          2.1         6.7        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.7         0.9        20.8       (15.9)       (4.9)
2001...........................        9.9          1.5         6.9        (1.9)       (5.1)        0.7         0.9        19.9       (14.8)       (5.1)
2002...........................        8.3          1.4         6.8        (1.8)       (5.0)        0.6         0.8        17.9       (12.9)       (5.0)
2003 estimate..................        7.9          1.3         6.8        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.6         0.5        17.1       (12.1)       (4.9)
2004 estimate..................        7.5          1.5         6.8        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.6         0.6        17.0       (12.1)       (4.9)

2005 estimate..................        7.9          1.9         6.8        (1.9)       (5.0)        0.6         0.7        18.0       (13.0)       (5.0)
2006 estimate..................        8.1          1.9         6.8        (1.9)       (4.9)        0.6         0.8        18.1       (13.2)       (4.9)
2007 estimate..................        8.4          1.8         6.7        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.6         0.7        18.3       (13.4)       (4.9)
2008 estimate..................        8.5          1.8         6.7        (1.8)       (4.9)        0.6         0.7        18.3       (13.4)       (4.9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 35]]

 
                            Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1940      1941      1942      1943      1944      1945      1946      1947      1948      1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance:
    Federal funds...................................        54         2        -1        -1        -2        -3        -3        -5        -5        -8
    Trust funds (Off-Budget)........................       550       688       896     1,130     1,292     1,310     1,238     1,459     1,616     1,690
  Railroad retirement/pension fund:
    Federal funds...................................         1        23        29        -6         4       -24       -10        82      -201       -11
    Trust funds.....................................       120       114       141       215       263       309       292       298       758       574
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................       725       827     1,064     1,338     1,557     1,592     1,517     1,835     2,168     2,246

Unemployment insurance:
  Federal funds.....................................       111       103       126       167       190       194       190       196       206       220
  Trust funds.......................................       904       953     1,172     1,310     1,454     1,375     1,126     1,133     1,138       985
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     1,015     1,056     1,299     1,477     1,644     1,568     1,316     1,329     1,343     1,205

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......        44        56        88       227       270       289       280       256       236       326
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................         1         1         1         2         2         2         2         3         3         4
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................        45        57        89       229       272       291       282       259       239       330
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts     1,785     1,940     2,452     3,044     3,473     3,451     3,115     3,422     3,751     3,781
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................       623       818     1,046     1,422     1,604     2,275     2,490     2,429     2,217     2,168
  Tobacco...........................................       606       691       779       913       986       929     1,156     1,231     1,297     1,319
  Other.............................................       748     1,043     1,573     1,760     2,169     3,061     3,352     3,551     3,842     4,015
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     1,977     2,552     3,399     4,096     4,759     6,265     6,998     7,211     7,356     7,502

Trust funds:
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................     1,977     2,552     3,399     4,096     4,759     6,265     6,998     7,211     7,356     7,502
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 36]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1950      1951      1952      1953      1954      1955      1956      1957      1958      1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance:
    Federal funds...................................        -8       -10       -14  ........  ........       300  ........  ........  ........  ........
    Trust funds (Off-Budget)........................     2,106     3,120     3,594     4,097     4,589     5,081     6,425     6,457     7,138     7,418
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........       332       911       878
  Railroad retirement/pension fund:
    Federal funds...................................        -*         3         *         *        -*         *         *  ........  ........  ........
    Trust funds.....................................       550       575       735       625       603       600       634       616       575       525
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................     2,648     3,688     4,315     4,722     5,192     5,981     7,059     7,405     8,624     8,821

Unemployment insurance:
  Federal funds.....................................       224       231       257       274       283       278       322       328       333       321
  Trust funds.......................................     1,108     1,378     1,455     1,401     1,278     1,172     1,368     1,623     1,601     1,810
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     1,332     1,609     1,712     1,675     1,561     1,449     1,690     1,950     1,933     2,131

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......       354       373       413       418       450       426       566       636       673       760
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................         4         4         5         5         5         6         5         5         9        10
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................       358       377       418       423       455       431       571       642       682       770
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts     4,338     5,674     6,445     6,820     7,208     7,862     9,320     9,997    11,239    11,722
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     2,180     2,508     2,515     2,723     2,738     2,689     2,866     2,915     2,882     2,938
  Tobacco...........................................     1,326     1,378     1,562     1,652     1,578     1,568     1,607     1,669     1,728     1,798
  Other.............................................     4,044     4,761     4,775     5,501     5,630     4,874     5,455     4,472     4,002     3,767
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     7,550     8,648     8,852     9,877     9,945     9,131     9,929     9,055     8,612     8,504

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........     1,479     2,026     2,074
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........     1,479     2,026     2,074
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................     7,550     8,648     8,852     9,877     9,945     9,131     9,929    10,534    10,638    10,578
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 37]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1960      1961      1962      1963      1964      1965      1966      1967      1968      1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance (Off-Budget)......     9,671    11,104    11,267    13,117    15,242    15,567    17,556    22,197    22,265    25,484
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................       970     1,005     1,004     1,058     1,124     1,156     1,530     2,204     2,651     3,469
  Hospital insurance................................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........       893     2,645     3,493     4,398
  Railroad retirement/pension fund..................       607       571       564       572       593       636       683       776       814       885
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................    11,248    12,679    12,835    14,746    16,959    17,358    20,662    27,823    29,224    34,236

Unemployment insurance:
  Federal funds.....................................       339  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........
  Trust funds.......................................     2,329     2,903     3,337     4,112     3,997     3,803     3,755     3,575     3,346     3,328
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     2,667     2,903     3,337     4,112     3,997     3,803     3,755     3,575     3,346     3,328

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......       758       845       863       933       992     1,064     1,111     1,202     1,334     1,426
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................        10        12        12        13        15        16        18        19        20        24
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................       768       857       875       946     1,007     1,081     1,129     1,221     1,354     1,451
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts    14,683    16,439    17,046    19,804    21,963    22,242    25,546    32,619    33,923    39,015
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     3,127     3,146     3,268     3,366     3,499     3,689     3,720     3,980     4,189     4,447
  Tobacco...........................................     1,927     1,986     2,022     2,075     2,048     2,142     2,066     2,077     2,121     2,136
  Other.............................................     4,084     3,931     4,295     4,474     4,664     5,081     3,358     3,221     3,391     4,002
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     9,137     9,063     9,585     9,915    10,211    10,911     9,145     9,278     9,700    10,585

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................     2,539     2,798     2,949     3,279     3,519     3,659     3,917     4,441     4,379     4,637
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     2,539     2,798     2,949     3,279     3,519     3,659     3,917     4,441     4,379     4,637
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................    11,676    11,860    12,534    13,194    13,731    14,570    13,062    13,719    14,079    15,222
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 38]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1970      1971      1972      1973      1974      1975      1976       TQ       1977      1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance (Off-Budget)......    29,396    31,354    35,132    40,703    47,778    55,207    58,703    15,886    68,032    73,141
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................     4,063     4,490     4,775     5,381     6,147     7,250     7,686     2,130     8,786    12,250
  Hospital insurance................................     4,755     4,874     5,205     7,603    10,551    11,252    11,987     3,457    13,474    16,668
  Railroad retirement/pension fund..................       919       980     1,008     1,189     1,411     1,489     1,525       328     1,908     1,822
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................    39,133    41,699    46,120    54,876    65,888    75,199    79,901    21,801    92,199   103,881

Unemployment insurance:
  Trust funds.......................................     3,464     3,674     4,357     6,051     6,837     6,771     8,054     2,698    11,312    13,850
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     3,464     3,674     4,357     6,051     6,837     6,771     8,054     2,698    11,312    13,850

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......     1,735     1,916     2,058     2,146     2,302     2,513     2,760       707     2,915     3,174
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................        29        37        39        41        45        52        54        13        59        62
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     1,765     1,952     2,097     2,187     2,347     2,565     2,814       720     2,974     3,237
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts    44,362    47,325    52,574    63,115    75,071    84,534    90,769    25,219   106,485   120,967
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     4,646     4,696     5,004     5,040     5,248     5,238     5,318     1,279     5,295     5,492
  Tobacco...........................................     2,093     2,205     2,205     2,274     2,435     2,312     2,484       622     2,393     2,444
  Other.............................................     3,613     3,609     2,297     2,522     2,060     1,850     2,810       619     1,960     2,118
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    10,352    10,510     9,506     9,836     9,743     9,400    10,612     2,520     9,648    10,054

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................     5,354     5,542     5,322     5,665     6,260     6,188     5,413     1,676     6,709     6,904
  Airport and airway................................  ........       563       649       758       840       962       938       277     1,191     1,326
  Black lung disability.............................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........        92
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     5,354     6,104     5,971     6,424     7,100     7,151     6,351     1,953     7,900     8,323
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................    15,705    16,614    15,477    16,260    16,844    16,551    16,963     4,473    17,548    18,376
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 39]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1979      1980      1981      1982      1983      1984      1985      1986      1987      1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance (Off-Budget)......    83,410    96,581   117,757   122,840   128,972   150,312   169,822   182,518   194,541   220,337
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................    14,584    16,628    12,418    20,626    18,348    15,763    16,348    17,711    18,860    21,154
  Hospital insurance................................    19,874    23,217    30,340    34,301    35,641    40,262    44,871    51,335    55,992    59,859
  Railroad retirement/pension fund..................     2,190     2,323     2,457     2,917     2,805     3,321     2,213     2,103     2,220     2,326
  Railroad social security equivalent account.......  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........     1,391     1,395     1,414     1,417
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................   120,058   138,748   162,973   180,686   185,766   209,658   234,646   255,062   273,028   305,093

Unemployment insurance:
  Trust funds.......................................    15,387    15,336    15,763    16,600    18,799    25,138    25,758    24,098    25,575    24,584
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    15,387    15,336    15,763    16,600    18,799    25,138    25,758    24,098    25,575    24,584

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......     3,428     3,660     3,908     4,140     4,351     4,494     4,672     4,645     4,613     4,537
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................        66        59        76        72        78        86        87        96       102       122
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     3,494     3,719     3,984     4,212     4,429     4,580     4,759     4,742     4,715     4,658
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts   138,939   157,803   182,720   201,498   208,994   239,376   265,163   283,901   303,318   334,335
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     5,531     5,601     5,606     5,382     5,557     5,315     5,562     5,828     5,971     5,709
  Tobacco...........................................     2,492     2,443     2,581     2,537     4,136     4,660     4,779     4,589     4,763     4,616
  Crude oil windfall profit.........................  ........     6,934    23,252    18,407    12,135     8,906     6,348     2,251  ........  ........
  Telephone.........................................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........     2,035     2,147     2,339     2,522     2,610
  Other.............................................     1,785       585     2,689     2,344     2,258     1,363       261     1,046     1,588     3,250
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     9,808    15,563    34,128    28,670    24,086    22,279    19,097    16,053    14,844    16,185

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................     7,189     6,620     6,305     6,744     8,297    11,743    13,015    13,363    13,032    14,114
  Airport and airway................................     1,526     1,874        21       133     2,165     2,499     2,851     2,736     3,060     3,189
  Black lung disability.............................       222       272       237       491       494       518       581       547       572       594
  Inland waterway...................................  ........  ........        20        30        29        39        40        40        48        48
  Hazardous substance superfund.....................  ........  ........       128       244       230       261       273        15       635       698
  Post-closure liability (hazardous waste)..........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........         9         7        -*        -1        -9
  Aquatic resources.................................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........        12       126       165       194       208
  Leaking underground storage tank..................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........        73       125
  Vaccine injury compensation.......................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........        74
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     8,937     8,766     6,711     7,641    11,214    15,082    16,894    16,866    17,613    19,042
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................    18,745    24,329    40,839    36,311    35,300    37,361    35,992    32,919    32,457    35,227
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 40]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1989      1990      1991      1992      1993      1994      1995      1996      1997      1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance (Off-Budget)......   240,595   255,031   265,503   273,137   281,735   302,607   284,091   311,869   336,729   358,784
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................    23,071    26,625    28,382    29,289    30,199    32,419    66,988    55,623    55,261    57,015
  Hospital insurance................................    65,396    68,556    72,842    79,108    81,224    90,062    96,024   104,997   110,710   119,863
  Railroad retirement/pension fund..................     2,391     2,292     2,371     2,449     2,367     2,323     2,424     2,362     2,440     2,583
  Railroad social security equivalent account.......     1,407     1,387     1,428     1,508     1,414     1,399     1,518     1,510     1,611     1,769
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................   332,859   353,891   370,526   385,491   396,939   428,810   451,045   476,361   506,751   540,014

Unemployment insurance:
  Trust funds.......................................    22,011    21,635    20,922    23,410    26,556    28,004    28,878    28,584    28,202    27,484
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    22,011    21,635    20,922    23,410    26,556    28,004    28,878    28,584    28,202    27,484

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......     4,428     4,405     4,459     4,683     4,709     4,563     4,461     4,389     4,344     4,259
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................       119       117       108       105        96        98        89        80        74        74
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     4,546     4,522     4,568     4,788     4,805     4,661     4,550     4,469     4,418     4,333
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts   359,416   380,047   396,016   413,689   428,300   461,475   484,473   509,414   539,371   571,831
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     5,661     5,695     7,364     8,011     7,583     7,539     7,216     7,220     7,257     7,215
  Tobacco...........................................     4,378     4,081     4,706     5,049     5,875     5,691     5,878     5,795     5,873     5,657
  Telephone.........................................     2,791     2,995     3,094     3,146     3,320     3,526     3,794     4,234     4,543     4,910
  Ozone depleting chemicals/products................  ........       360       562       637       854       761       616       320       130        98
  Transportation fuels..............................  ........  ........     2,780     3,512     3,340     9,402     8,491     7,468     7,107       589
  Other.............................................       317     2,460      -231     1,481     3,550     4,307       946       410     2,921     3,196
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    13,147    15,591    18,275    21,836    24,522    31,226    26,941    25,447    27,831    21,665

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................    15,628    13,867    16,979    16,733    18,039    16,668    22,611    24,651    23,867    26,628
  Airport and airway................................     3,664     3,700     4,910     4,645     3,262     5,189     5,534     2,369     4,007     8,111
  Black lung disability.............................       563       665       652       626       634       567       608       614       614       636
  Inland waterway...................................        47        63        60        70        79        88       103       108        96        91
  Hazardous substance superfund.....................       883       818       810       818       826       807       867       313        71  ........
  Post-closure liability (hazardous waste)..........        -1        -1  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........
  Oil spill liability...............................  ........       143       254       295       229        48       211        34         1  ........
  Aquatic resources.................................       187       218       260       271       276       301       306       315       316       290
  Leaking underground storage tank..................       168       122       123       157       153       152       165        48        -2       136
  Vaccine injury compensation.......................        99       159        81       118        38       179       138       115       123       116
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    21,239    19,754    24,127    23,733    23,535    23,999    30,543    28,567    29,093    36,008
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................    34,386    35,345    42,402    45,569    48,057    55,225    57,484    54,014    56,924    57,673
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 41]]


                      Table 2.4--COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AND RETIREMENT RECEIPTS AND OF EXCISE TAXES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                2003      2004      2005      2006      2007      2008
                                                        1999      2000      2001      2002    estimate  estimate  estimate  estimate  estimate  estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Social Insurance and Retirement Receipts
Employment and general retirement:
  Old-age and survivors insurance (Off-Budget)......   383,559   411,677   434,057   440,541   454,405   475,436   503,931   525,531   550,896   575,470
  Disability insurance (Off-Budget).................    60,909    68,907    73,462    74,780    77,160    80,732    85,572    89,241    93,548    97,722
  Hospital insurance................................   132,268   135,529   149,651   149,049   152,275   159,784   170,037   177,525   186,262   194,827
  Railroad retirement/pension fund..................     2,629     2,688     2,658     2,525     2,349     2,237     2,228     2,259     2,279     2,303
  Railroad social security equivalent account.......     1,515     1,650     1,614     1,652     1,643     1,674     1,695     1,718     1,730     1,750
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total \1\.....................................   580,880   620,451   661,442   668,547   687,832   719,863   763,463   796,274   834,715   872,072

Unemployment insurance:
  Trust funds.......................................    26,480    27,640    27,812    27,619    34,230    40,206    43,071    45,170    44,540    45,912
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    26,480    27,640    27,812    27,619    34,230    40,206    43,071    45,170    44,540    45,912

Other retirement:
  Federal employees retirement--employee share......     4,400     4,691     4,647     4,533     4,479     4,433     4,314     4,277     4,264     4,218
  Non-Federal employees retirement..................        73        70        66        61        52        46        42        39        36        33
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................     4,473     4,761     4,713     4,594     4,531     4,479     4,356     4,316     4,300     4,251
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total social insurance and retirement receipts   611,833   652,852   693,967   700,760   726,593   764,548   810,890   845,760   883,555   922,235
       \1\..........................................
                                                     ===================================================================================================
                    Excise Taxes
Federal funds:
  Alcohol...........................................     7,386     8,140     7,624     7,764     7,840     7,922     8,009     8,149     8,262     8,384
  Tobacco...........................................     5,400     7,221     7,396     8,274     8,158     8,015     7,923     7,824     7,725     7,633
  Telephone.........................................     5,185     5,670     5,769     5,829     6,205     6,611     7,002     7,408     7,827     8,265
  Ozone depleting chemicals/products................       105       125        32  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........
  Transportation fuels..............................       849       819     1,150       814       869       296       298       290       293       296
  Other.............................................       368       717     2,315     1,336     1,799     1,538     1,676     1,663     1,694     1,750
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    19,293    22,692    24,286    24,017    24,871    24,382    24,908    25,334    25,801    26,328

Trust funds:
  Highway...........................................    39,299    34,972    31,469    32,603    32,815    34,912    36,035    37,241    38,310    39,288
  Airport and airway................................    10,391     9,739     9,191     9,031     9,381    10,218    10,910    11,537    12,157    12,803
  Black lung disability.............................       596       518       522       567       561       574       603       622       634       648
  Inland waterway...................................       104       101       113        95        88        89        90        91        91        92
  Hazardous substance superfund.....................        11         2         2  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........
  Oil spill liability...............................  ........       182  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........
  Aquatic resources.................................       374       342       358       386       393       417       430       441       452       464
  Leaking underground storage tank..................       216       184       179       181       183       189       194       198       204       206
  Vaccine injury compensation.......................       130       133       112       109       124       124       126       127       129       130
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total.........................................    51,121    46,173    41,946    42,972    43,545    46,523    48,388    50,257    51,977    53,631
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total excise taxes............................    70,414    68,865    66,232    66,989    68,416    70,905    73,296    75,591    77,778    79,959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
\1\ On-budget and off-budget.
Note: Unless otherwise noted, all receipts shown in this table are trust funds and on-budget.



[[Page 42]]

 
                                                 Table 2.5--COMPOSITION OF ``OTHER RECEIPTS'': 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      Miscellaneous Receipts                    Memorandum: Trust Fund
                                                                                   ----------------------------                   Amounts Included in
                                               Total                     Customs                                 Adjustment       ``Other Receipts''
               Fiscal Year                   ``Other     Estate and    Duties and      Federal                   for Revenue ---------------------------
                                           Receipts''    Gift Taxes       Fees         Reserve      All Other    Uncertainty     Customs
                                                                                    Deposits \1\       \2\                     Duties and     All Other
                                                                                                                                  Fees
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940....................................           698           353           331  ............            14  ............  ............  ............
1941....................................           781           403           365  ............            14  ............  ............  ............
1942....................................           801           420           369  ............            11  ............  ............  ............
1943....................................           800           441           308  ............            50  ............  ............  ............
1944....................................           972           507           417  ............            48  ............  ............  ............

1945....................................         1,083           637           341  ............           105  ............  ............  ............
1946....................................         1,202           668           424  ............           109  ............  ............  ............
1947....................................         1,331           771           477            15            69  ............  ............  ............
1948....................................         1,461           890           403           100            68  ............  ............  ............
1949....................................         1,388           780           367           187            54  ............  ............  ............

1950....................................         1,351           698           407           192            55  ............  ............  ............
1951....................................         1,578           708           609           189            72  ............  ............  ............
1952....................................         1,710           818           533           278            81  ............  ............  ............
1953....................................         1,857           881           596           298            81  ............  ............  ............
1954....................................         1,905           934           542           341            88  ............  ............            27

1955....................................         1,850           924           585           251            90  ............  ............            27
1956....................................         2,270         1,161           682           287           140  ............  ............            27
1957....................................         2,672         1,365           735           434           139  ............  ............            28
1958....................................         2,961         1,393           782           664           123  ............  ............            27
1959....................................         2,921         1,333           925           491           171  ............  ............            27

1960....................................         3,923         1,606         1,105         1,093           119  ............  ............            27
1961....................................         3,796         1,896           982           788           130  ............  ............            39
1962....................................         4,001         2,016         1,142           718           125  ............  ............            54
1963....................................         4,395         2,167         1,205           828           194  ............  ............            16
1964....................................         4,731         2,394         1,252           947           139  ............  ............            22

1965....................................         5,753         2,716         1,442         1,372           222  ............  ............            56
1966....................................         6,708         3,066         1,767         1,713           163  ............  ............            29
1967....................................         6,987         2,978         1,901         1,805           302  ............  ............            29
1968....................................         7,580         3,051         2,038         2,091           400  ............  ............            44
1969....................................         8,718         3,491         2,319         2,662           247  ............  ............            15

1970....................................         9,499         3,644         2,430         3,266           158  ............  ............            17
1971....................................        10,185         3,735         2,591         3,533           325  ............  ............            20
1972....................................        12,355         5,436         3,287         3,252           380  ............  ............            23
1973....................................        12,026         4,917         3,188         3,495           425  ............  ............            24
1974....................................        13,737         5,035         3,334         4,845           523  ............  ............            36

1975....................................        14,998         4,611         3,676         5,777           935  ............  ............            40
1976....................................        17,317         5,216         4,074         5,451         2,576  ............  ............            33
TQ......................................         4,279         1,455         1,212         1,500           111  ............  ............             8
1977....................................        19,008         7,327         5,150         5,908           623  ............  ............            42
1978....................................        19,278         5,285         6,573         6,641           778  ............  ............            39
1979....................................        22,101         5,411         7,439         8,327           925  ............  ............            43

1980....................................        26,311         6,389         7,174        11,767           981  ............  ............            54
1981....................................        28,659         6,787         8,083        12,834           956  ............            60            75
1982....................................        33,006         7,991         8,854        15,186           975  ............            30           100
1983....................................        30,309         6,053         8,655        14,492         1,108  ............            30           109
1984....................................        34,440         6,010        11,370        15,684         1,376  ............            30           126

1985....................................        37,072         6,422        12,079        17,059         1,512  ............            30           145
1986....................................        40,292         6,958        13,327        18,374         1,634  ............            30           156
1987....................................        42,095         7,493        15,085        16,817         2,701  ............            70           177
1988....................................        44,051         7,594        16,198        17,163         3,096  ............           174           165
1989....................................        48,407         8,745        16,334        19,604         3,724  ............           243           222

1990....................................        56,186        11,500        16,707        24,319         3,659  ............           210           247
1991....................................        50,710        11,138        15,949        19,158         4,465  ............           432           249
1992....................................        55,787        11,143        17,359        22,920         4,364  ............           563           254
1993....................................        50,844        12,577        18,802        14,908         4,557  ............           683           453
1994....................................        58,487        15,225        20,099        18,023         5,141  ............           677           578
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.



[[Page 43]]

 
                                           Table 2.5--COMPOSITION OF ``OTHER RECEIPTS'': 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      Miscellaneous Receipts                    Memorandum: Trust Fund
                                                                                   ----------------------------                   Amounts Included in
                                               Total                     Customs                                 Adjustment       ``Other Receipts''
               Fiscal Year                   ``Other     Estate and    Duties and      Federal                   for Revenue ---------------------------
                                           Receipts''    Gift Taxes       Fees         Reserve      All Other    Uncertainty     Customs
                                                                                    Deposits \1\       \2\                     Duties and     All Other
                                                                                                                                  Fees
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995....................................        62,625        14,763        19,301        23,378         5,183  ............           728           643
1996....................................        61,393        17,189        18,670        20,477         5,057  ............           760           576
1997....................................        63,238        19,845        17,928        19,636         5,829  ............           797           761
1998....................................        75,031        24,076        18,297        24,540         8,118  ............           712           824
1999....................................        81,047        27,782        18,336        25,917         9,012  ............           609           579

2000....................................        91,750        29,010        19,914        32,293        10,533  ............           742           771
2001....................................        85,581        28,400        19,369        26,124        11,688  ............           786         1,124
2002....................................        79,035        26,507        18,602        23,683        10,243  ............           718           906
2003 estimate...........................        48,970        20,209        19,052        23,565        11,144       -25,000           800           945
2004 estimate...........................        67,632        23,379        20,713        27,078        11,462       -15,000           855           902

2005 estimate...........................        87,128        21,098        21,200        33,283        11,547  ............           928           893
2006 estimate...........................        93,932        23,214        23,852        35,206        11,660  ............         1,006           889
2007 estimate...........................        95,601        20,752        26,006        36,993        11,850  ............         1,081           887
2008 estimate...........................        99,697        21,165        27,560        39,134        11,838  ............         1,147           881
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Deposits of earnings by the Federal Reserve System.
\2\ Beginning in 1984, includes universal service fund receipts.



[[Page 44]]

 
                                                                   Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1940         1941         1942         1943         1944         1945         1946         1947         1948
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................       1,660        6,435       25,658       66,699       79,143       82,965       42,681       12,808        9,105

Human resources............................................................       4,139        4,158        3,599        2,659        1,928        1,859        5,493        9,909        9,868

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................       1,972        1,592        1,062          375          160          134           85          102          191
  Health...................................................................          55           60           71           92          174          211          201          177          162
  Income security..........................................................       1,514        1,855        1,828        1,739        1,503        1,137        2,384        2,820        2,499
  Social security (off-budget).............................................          28           91          137          177          217          267          358          466          558
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................         570          560          501          276         -126          110        2,465        6,344        6,457

Physical resources.........................................................       2,312        1,782        3,892        6,433        5,471        1,747          836        1,227        2,243

  Energy...................................................................          88           91          156          116           65           25           41           18          292
  Natural resources and environment........................................         997          817          819          726          642          455          482          700          780
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................         550          398        1,521        2,151          624       -2,630       -1,857         -923          306
  Transportation...........................................................         392          353        1,283        3,220        3,901        3,654        1,970        1,130          787
  Community and regional development.......................................         285          123          113          219          238          243          200          302           78

Net interest...............................................................         899          943        1,052        1,529        2,219        3,112        4,111        4,204        4,341
      (On-budget)..........................................................        (941)        (999)      (1,123)      (1,616)      (2,322)      (3,236)      (4,259)      (4,367)      (4,532)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (-42)        (-56)        (-71)        (-87)       (-103)       (-124)       (-148)       (-163)       (-191)

Other functions............................................................         775          882        1,830        2,457        3,864        4,418        3,580        7,900        5,851

  International affairs....................................................          51          145          968        1,286        1,449        1,913        1,935        5,791        4,566
  General science, space and technology....................................  ...........  ...........           4            1           48          111           34            5            1
  Agriculture..............................................................         369          339          344          343        1,275        1,635          610          814           69
  Administration of justice................................................          81           92          117          154          192          178          176          176          170
  General government.......................................................         274          306          397          673          900          581          825        1,114        1,045

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -317         -547         -894       -1,221       -1,320       -1,389       -1,468       -1,552       -1,643
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       9,468       13,653       35,137       78,555       91,304       92,712       55,232       34,496       29,764
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (9,482)     (13,618)     (35,071)     (78,466)     (91,190)     (92,569)     (55,022)     (34,193)     (29,396)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (-14)         (35)         (66)         (89)        (114)        (143)        (210)        (303)        (368)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        17.5         47.1         73.0         84.9         86.7         89.5         77.3         37.1         30.6
Human resources............................................................        43.7         30.5         10.2          3.4          2.1          2.0          9.9         28.7         33.2
Physical resources.........................................................        24.4         13.1         11.1          8.2          6.0          1.9          1.5          3.6          7.5
Net interest...............................................................         9.5          6.9          3.0          1.9          2.4          3.4          7.4         12.2         14.6
Other functions............................................................         8.2          6.5          5.2          3.1          4.2          4.8          6.5         22.9         19.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -3.4         -4.0         -2.5         -1.6         -1.4         -1.5         -2.7         -4.5         -5.5
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (100.2)       (99.7)       (99.8)       (99.9)       (99.9)       (99.8)       (99.6)       (99.1)       (98.8)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-0.2)        (0.3)        (0.2)        (0.1)        (0.1)        (0.2)        (0.4)        (0.9)        (1.2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................         1.7          5.6         17.8         37.0         37.9         37.5         19.2          5.5          3.6
Human resources............................................................         4.3          3.6          2.5          1.5          0.9          0.8          2.5          4.2          3.8
Physical resources.........................................................         2.4          1.6          2.7          3.6          2.6          0.8          0.4          0.5          0.9
Net interest...............................................................         0.9          0.8          0.7          0.8          1.1          1.4          1.8          1.8          1.7
Other functions............................................................         0.8          0.8          1.3          1.4          1.8          2.0          1.6          3.4          2.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -0.3         -0.5         -0.6         -0.7         -0.6         -0.6         -0.7         -0.7         -0.6
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................         9.8         12.0         24.4         43.6         43.7         41.9         24.8         14.7         11.6
      (On-budget)..........................................................        (9.8)       (11.9)       (24.3)       (43.6)       (43.6)       (41.8)       (24.7)       (14.6)       (11.5)
      (Off-budget).........................................................         (-*)          (*)          (*)          (*)        (0.1)        (0.1)        (0.1)        (0.1)        (0.1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 45]]


                                                             Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1949         1950         1951         1952         1953         1954         1955         1956         1957
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................      13,150       13,724       23,566       46,089       52,802       49,266       42,729       42,523       45,430

Human resources............................................................      10,805       14,221       11,001       11,745       11,836       13,076       14,908       16,052       18,161

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................         178          241          235          339          441          370          445          591          590
  Health...................................................................         197          268          323          347          336          307          291          359          479
  Income security..........................................................       3,174        4,097        3,352        3,655        3,823        4,434        5,071        4,734        5,427
  Social security (off-budget).............................................         657          781        1,565        2,063        2,717        3,352        4,427        5,478        6,661
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................       6,599        8,834        5,526        5,341        4,519        4,613        4,675        4,891        5,005

Physical resources.........................................................       3,104        3,667        3,924        4,182        4,005        2,584        2,732        3,092        4,559

  Energy...................................................................         341          327          383          474          425          432          325          174          240
  Natural resources and environment........................................       1,080        1,308        1,310        1,233        1,289        1,007          940          870        1,098
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................         800        1,035        1,228        1,278          910         -184           92          506        1,424
  Transportation...........................................................         916          967          956        1,124        1,264        1,229        1,246        1,450        1,662
  Community and regional development.......................................         -33           30           47           73          117          100          129           92          135

Net interest...............................................................       4,523        4,812        4,665        4,701        5,156        4,811        4,850        5,079        5,354
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (4,753)      (5,069)      (4,952)      (5,035)      (5,543)      (5,250)      (5,288)      (5,567)      (5,910)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-230)       (-257)       (-287)       (-334)       (-387)       (-439)       (-438)       (-487)       (-557)

Other functions............................................................       9,032        7,955        4,690        4,346        5,873        4,515        6,718        7,482        7,220

  International affairs....................................................       6,052        4,673        3,647        2,691        2,119        1,596        2,223        2,414        3,147
  General science, space and technology....................................          48           55           51           49           49           46           74           79          122
  Agriculture..............................................................       1,924        2,049         -323          176        2,253        1,817        3,514        3,486        2,288
  Administration of justice................................................         184          193          218          267          243          257          256          302          303
  General government.......................................................         824          986        1,097        1,163        1,209          799          651        1,201        1,360

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................      -1,779       -1,817       -2,332       -3,377       -3,571       -3,397       -3,493       -3,589       -4,146
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (-1,779)     (-1,817)     (-2,332)     (-3,377)     (-3,571)     (-3,396)     (-3,487)     (-3,571)     (-4,058)
      (Off-budget).........................................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........         (-1)         (-6)        (-18)        (-88)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................      38,835       42,562       45,514       67,686       76,101       70,855       68,444       70,640       76,578
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (38,408)     (42,038)     (44,237)     (65,956)     (73,771)     (67,943)     (64,461)     (65,668)     (70,562)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (427)        (524)      (1,277)      (1,730)      (2,330)      (2,912)      (3,983)      (4,972)      (6,016)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        33.9         32.2         51.8         68.1         69.4         69.5         62.4         60.2         59.3
Human resources............................................................        27.8         33.4         24.2         17.4         15.6         18.5         21.8         22.7         23.7
Physical resources.........................................................         8.0          8.6          8.6          6.2          5.3          3.6          4.0          4.4          6.0
Net interest...............................................................        11.6         11.3         10.2          6.9          6.8          6.8          7.1          7.2          7.0
Other functions............................................................        23.3         18.7         10.3          6.4          7.7          6.4          9.8         10.6          9.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -4.6         -4.3         -5.1         -5.0         -4.7         -4.8         -5.1         -5.1         -5.4
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (98.9)       (98.8)       (97.2)       (97.4)       (96.9)       (95.9)       (94.2)       (93.0)       (92.1)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (1.1)        (1.2)        (2.8)        (2.6)        (3.1)        (4.1)        (5.8)        (7.0)        (7.9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................         4.8          5.0          7.3         13.2         14.1         13.0         10.8          9.9         10.1
Human resources............................................................         4.0          5.2          3.4          3.4          3.2          3.5          3.8          3.8          4.0
Physical resources.........................................................         1.1          1.3          1.2          1.2          1.1          0.7          0.7          0.7          1.0
Net interest...............................................................         1.7          1.8          1.5          1.3          1.4          1.3          1.2          1.2          1.2
Other functions............................................................         3.3          2.9          1.5          1.2          1.6          1.2          1.7          1.7          1.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -0.7         -0.7         -0.7         -1.0         -1.0         -0.9         -0.9         -0.8         -0.9
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................        14.3         15.6         14.2         19.4         20.4         18.7         17.3         16.5         17.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (14.1)       (15.4)       (13.8)       (18.9)       (19.8)       (18.0)       (16.3)       (15.4)       (15.7)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (0.2)        (0.2)        (0.4)        (0.5)        (0.6)        (0.8)        (1.0)        (1.2)        (1.3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 46]]


                                                             Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1958         1959         1960         1961         1962         1963         1964         1965         1966
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................      46,815       49,015       48,130       49,601       52,345       53,400       54,757       50,620       58,111

Human resources............................................................      22,288       24,892       26,184       29,838       31,630       33,522       35,294       36,576       43,257

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................         643          789          968        1,063        1,241        1,458        1,555        2,140        4,363
  Health...................................................................         541          685          795          913        1,198        1,451        1,788        1,791        2,543
  Medicare.................................................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          64
  Income security..........................................................       7,535        8,239        7,378        9,683        9,207        9,311        9,657        9,469        9,678
  Social security (off-budget).............................................       8,219        9,737       11,602       12,474       14,365       15,788       16,620       17,460       20,694
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................       5,350        5,443        5,441        5,705        5,619        5,514        5,675        5,716        5,916

Physical resources.........................................................       5,188        7,813        7,991        7,754        8,831        8,013        9,528       11,264       13,410

  Energy...................................................................         348          382          464          510          604          530          572          699          612
  Natural resources and environment........................................       1,407        1,632        1,559        1,779        2,044        2,251        2,364        2,531        2,719
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................         930        1,933        1,618        1,203        1,424           62          418        1,157        3,245
  Transportation...........................................................       2,334        3,655        4,126        3,987        4,290        4,596        5,242        5,763        5,730
  Community and regional development.......................................         169          211          224          275          469          574          933        1,114        1,105

Net interest...............................................................       5,604        5,762        6,947        6,716        6,889        7,740        8,199        8,591        9,386
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (6,175)      (6,338)      (7,511)      (7,307)      (7,498)      (8,322)      (8,805)      (9,239)     (10,028)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-571)       (-576)       (-563)       (-591)       (-609)       (-582)       (-607)       (-648)       (-642)

Other functions............................................................       6,896        9,229        7,760        8,621       12,401       14,437       16,458       17,086       16,911

  International affairs....................................................       3,364        3,144        2,988        3,184        5,639        5,308        4,945        5,273        5,580
  General science, space and technology....................................         141          294          599        1,042        1,723        3,051        4,897        5,823        6,717
  Agriculture..............................................................       2,411        4,509        2,623        2,641        3,562        4,384        4,609        3,955        2,447
  Administration of justice................................................         325          356          366          400          429          465          489          535          563
  General government.......................................................         655          926        1,184        1,354        1,049        1,230        1,518        1,499        1,603

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................      -4,385       -4,613       -4,820       -4,807       -5,274       -5,797       -5,708       -5,908       -6,542
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (-4,240)     (-4,449)     (-4,632)     (-4,601)     (-5,053)     (-5,555)     (-5,429)     (-5,626)     (-6,205)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-145)       (-164)       (-188)       (-206)       (-221)       (-242)       (-279)       (-282)       (-337)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................      82,405       92,098       92,191       97,723      106,821      111,316      118,528      118,228      134,532
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (74,902)     (83,102)     (81,341)     (86,046)     (93,286)     (96,352)    (102,794)    (101,699)    (114,817)
      (Off-budget).........................................................      (7,503)      (8,996)     (10,850)     (11,677)     (13,535)     (14,964)     (15,734)     (16,529)     (19,715)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        56.8         53.2         52.2         50.8         49.0         48.0         46.2         42.8         43.2
Human resources............................................................        27.0         27.0         28.4         30.5         29.6         30.1         29.8         30.9         32.2
Physical resources.........................................................         6.3          8.5          8.7          7.9          8.3          7.2          8.0          9.5         10.0
Net interest...............................................................         6.8          6.3          7.5          6.9          6.4          7.0          6.9          7.3          7.0
Other functions............................................................         8.4         10.0          8.4          8.8         11.6         13.0         13.9         14.5         12.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -5.3         -5.0         -5.2         -4.9         -4.9         -5.2         -4.8         -5.0         -4.9
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (90.9)       (90.2)       (88.2)       (88.1)       (87.3)       (86.6)       (86.7)       (86.0)       (85.3)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (9.1)        (9.8)       (11.8)       (11.9)       (12.7)       (13.4)       (13.3)       (14.0)       (14.7)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        10.2         10.0          9.3          9.3          9.2          8.9          8.5          7.4          7.7
Human resources............................................................         4.8          5.1          5.0          5.6          5.6          5.6          5.5          5.3          5.7
Physical resources.........................................................         1.1          1.6          1.5          1.5          1.6          1.3          1.5          1.6          1.8
Net interest...............................................................         1.2          1.2          1.3          1.3          1.2          1.3          1.3          1.2          1.2
Other functions............................................................         1.5          1.9          1.5          1.6          2.2          2.4          2.6          2.5          2.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -1.0         -0.9         -0.9         -0.9         -0.9         -1.0         -0.9         -0.9         -0.9
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................        17.9         18.7         17.8         18.4         18.8         18.6         18.5         17.2         17.8
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (16.2)       (16.9)       (15.7)       (16.2)       (16.4)       (16.1)       (16.0)       (14.8)       (15.2)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (1.6)        (1.8)        (2.1)        (2.2)        (2.4)        (2.5)        (2.5)        (2.4)        (2.6)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 47]]


                                                             Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1967         1968         1969         1970         1971         1972         1973         1974         1975
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................      71,417       81,926       82,497       81,692       78,872       79,174       76,681       79,347       86,509

Human resources............................................................      51,272       59,375       66,410       75,349       91,901      107,211      119,522      135,783      173,245

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................       6,453        7,634        7,548        8,634        9,849       12,529       12,745       12,457       16,022
  Health...................................................................       3,351        4,390        5,162        5,907        6,843        8,674        9,356       10,733       12,930
  Medicare.................................................................       2,748        4,649        5,695        6,213        6,622        7,479        8,052        9,639       12,875
  Income security..........................................................      10,261       11,816       13,076       15,655       22,946       27,650       28,276       33,713       50,176
  Social security..........................................................      21,725       23,854       27,298       30,270       35,872       40,157       49,090       55,867       64,658
      (On-budget)..........................................................         (94)         (94)        (414)        (458)        (465)        (538)        (526)        (494)        (499)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (21,631)     (23,760)     (26,885)     (29,812)     (35,408)     (39,620)     (48,565)     (55,373)     (64,159)
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................       6,735        7,032        7,631        8,669        9,768       10,720       12,003       13,374       16,584

Physical resources.........................................................      14,674       16,002       11,869       15,574       18,286       19,574       20,614       25,106       35,449

  Energy...................................................................         782        1,037        1,010          997        1,035        1,296        1,237        1,303        2,916
  Natural resources and environment........................................       2,869        2,988        2,900        3,065        3,915        4,241        4,775        5,697        7,346
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................       3,979        4,280         -119        2,112        2,366        2,222          931        4,705        9,947
  Transportation...........................................................       5,936        6,316        6,526        7,008        8,052        8,392        9,066        9,172       10,918
  Community and regional development.......................................       1,108        1,382        1,552        2,392        2,917        3,423        4,605        4,229        4,322

Net interest...............................................................      10,268       11,090       12,699       14,380       14,841       15,478       17,349       21,449       23,244
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (11,060)     (12,069)     (13,848)     (15,948)     (16,783)     (17,584)     (19,629)     (23,969)     (26,047)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-792)       (-979)     (-1,149)     (-1,568)     (-1,942)     (-2,106)     (-2,280)     (-2,520)     (-2,803)

Other functions............................................................      17,126       17,786       18,151       17,286       16,379       18,828       24,950       24,423       27,487

  International affairs....................................................       5,566        5,301        4,600        4,330        4,159        4,781        4,149        5,710        7,097
  General science, space and technology....................................       6,233        5,524        5,020        4,511        4,182        4,175        4,032        3,980        3,991
  Agriculture..............................................................       2,990        4,545        5,826        5,166        4,290        5,259        4,854        2,230        3,036
  Administration of justice................................................         618          659          766          959        1,306        1,653        2,141        2,470        2,955
  General government.......................................................       1,719        1,757        1,939        2,320        2,442        2,960        9,774       10,032       10,408

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................      -7,294       -8,045       -7,986       -8,632      -10,107       -9,583      -13,409      -16,749      -13,602
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (-6,879)     (-7,600)     (-7,454)     (-7,995)     (-9,467)     (-8,926)    (-12,714)    (-15,985)    (-12,686)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-415)       (-445)       (-532)       (-637)       (-640)       (-657)       (-695)       (-764)       (-916)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................     157,464      178,134      183,640      195,649      210,172      230,681      245,707      269,359      332,332
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (137,040)    (155,798)    (158,436)    (168,042)    (177,346)    (193,824)    (200,118)    (217,270)    (271,892)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (20,424)     (22,336)     (25,204)     (27,607)     (32,826)     (36,857)     (45,589)     (52,089)     (60,440)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        45.4         46.0         44.9         41.8         37.5         34.3         31.2         29.5         26.0
Human resources............................................................        32.6         33.3         36.2         38.5         43.7         46.5         48.6         50.4         52.1
Physical resources.........................................................         9.3          9.0          6.5          8.0          8.7          8.5          8.4          9.3         10.7
Net interest...............................................................         6.5          6.2          6.9          7.4          7.1          6.7          7.1          8.0          7.0
Other functions............................................................        10.9         10.0          9.9          8.8          7.8          8.2         10.2          9.1          8.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -4.6         -4.5         -4.3         -4.4         -4.8         -4.2         -5.5         -6.2         -4.1
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (87.0)       (87.5)       (86.3)       (85.9)       (84.4)       (84.0)       (81.4)       (80.7)       (81.8)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (13.0)       (12.5)       (13.7)       (14.1)       (15.6)       (16.0)       (18.6)       (19.3)       (18.2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................         8.8          9.4          8.7          8.1          7.3          6.7          5.9          5.5          5.5
Human resources............................................................         6.3          6.8          7.0          7.4          8.5          9.1          9.1          9.4         11.1
Physical resources.........................................................         1.8          1.8          1.3          1.5          1.7          1.7          1.6          1.7          2.3
Net interest...............................................................         1.3          1.3          1.3          1.4          1.4          1.3          1.3          1.5          1.5
Other functions............................................................         2.1          2.0          1.9          1.7          1.5          1.6          1.9          1.7          1.8
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -0.9         -0.9         -0.8         -0.9         -0.9         -0.8         -1.0         -1.2         -0.9
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................        19.4         20.5         19.3         19.3         19.4         19.5         18.8         18.7         21.3
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (16.8)       (17.9)       (16.7)       (16.6)       (16.4)       (16.4)       (15.3)       (15.1)       (17.4)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (2.5)        (2.6)        (2.7)        (2.7)        (3.0)        (3.1)        (3.5)        (3.6)        (3.9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 48]]


                                                             Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................      89,619       22,269       97,241      104,495      116,342      133,995      157,513      185,309      209,903

Human resources............................................................     203,594       52,065      221,895      242,329      267,574      313,374      362,022      388,681      426,003

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................      18,910        5,169       21,104       26,710       30,223       31,843       33,151       26,611       26,196
  Health...................................................................      15,734        3,924       17,302       18,524       20,494       23,169       26,866       27,445       28,641
  Medicare.................................................................      15,834        4,264       19,345       22,768       26,495       32,090       39,149       46,567       52,588
  Income security..........................................................      60,799       14,985       61,060       61,505       66,376       86,557      100,299      108,155      123,031
  Social security..........................................................      73,899       19,763       85,061       93,861      104,073      118,547      139,584      155,964      170,724
      (On-budget)..........................................................        (515)  ...........        (717)        (741)        (757)        (675)        (670)        (844)     (19,993)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (73,384)     (19,763)     (84,344)     (93,120)    (103,316)    (117,872)    (138,914)    (155,120)    (150,731)
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................      18,419        3,960       18,022       18,961       19,914       21,169       22,973       23,938       24,824

Physical resources.........................................................      39,188        9,512       40,746       52,591       54,559       65,985       70,886       61,752       57,604

  Energy...................................................................       4,204        1,129        5,770        7,992        9,180       10,156       15,166       13,527        9,353
  Natural resources and environment........................................       8,184        2,524       10,032       10,983       12,135       13,858       13,568       12,998       12,672
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................       7,619          931        3,093        6,254        4,686        9,390        8,206        6,256        6,681
  Transportation...........................................................      13,739        3,358       14,829       15,521       18,079       21,329       23,379       20,625       21,334
  Community and regional development.......................................       5,442        1,569        7,021       11,841       10,480       11,252       10,568        8,347        7,564

Net interest...............................................................      26,727        6,949       29,901       35,458       42,633       52,533       68,766       85,032       89,808
      (On-budget)..........................................................     (29,539)      (7,042)     (32,551)     (37,860)     (44,857)     (54,872)     (71,054)     (87,102)     (91,653)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (-2,812)        (-93)     (-2,650)     (-2,403)     (-2,224)     (-2,339)     (-2,288)     (-2,071)     (-1,845)

Other functions............................................................      27,050        9,388       34,315       39,594       40,396       44,996       47,095       51,069       59,023

  International affairs....................................................       6,433        2,458        6,353        7,482        7,459       12,714       13,104       12,300       11,848
  General science, space and technology....................................       4,373        1,162        4,736        4,926        5,235        5,832        6,469        7,200        7,935
  Agriculture..............................................................       3,170          983        6,787       11,357       11,236        8,839       11,323       15,944       22,901
  Administration of justice................................................       3,328          891        3,605        3,813        4,173        4,584        4,769        4,712        5,105
  General government.......................................................       9,747        3,895       12,833       12,015       12,293       13,028       11,429       10,914       11,235

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................     -14,386       -4,206      -14,879      -15,720      -17,476      -19,942      -28,041      -26,099      -33,976
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (-13,423)     (-3,957)    (-13,902)    (-14,660)    (-16,362)    (-18,738)    (-26,611)    (-24,453)    (-32,198)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (-963)       (-249)       (-977)     (-1,060)     (-1,114)     (-1,204)     (-1,430)     (-1,646)     (-1,778)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................     371,792       95,975      409,218      458,746      504,028      590,941      678,241      745,743      808,364
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (302,183)     (76,555)    (328,502)    (369,089)    (404,051)    (476,613)    (543,044)    (594,339)    (661,256)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (69,609)     (19,421)     (80,716)     (89,657)     (99,978)    (114,329)    (135,196)    (151,404)    (147,108)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        24.1         23.2         23.8         22.8         23.1         22.7         23.2         24.8         26.0
Human resources............................................................        54.8         54.2         54.2         52.8         53.1         53.0         53.4         52.1         52.7
Physical resources.........................................................        10.5          9.9         10.0         11.5         10.8         11.2         10.5          8.3          7.1
Net interest...............................................................         7.2          7.2          7.3          7.7          8.5          8.9         10.1         11.4         11.1
Other functions............................................................         7.3          9.8          8.4          8.6          8.0          7.6          6.9          6.8          7.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -3.9         -4.4         -3.6         -3.4         -3.5         -3.4         -4.1         -3.5         -4.2
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (81.3)       (79.8)       (80.3)       (80.5)       (80.2)       (80.7)       (80.1)       (79.7)       (81.8)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (18.7)       (20.2)       (19.7)       (19.5)       (19.8)       (19.3)       (19.9)       (20.3)       (18.2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................         5.2          4.9          4.9          4.7          4.6          4.9          5.1          5.7          6.1
Human resources............................................................        11.7         11.4         11.3         10.9         10.7         11.5         11.8         12.0         12.4
Physical resources.........................................................         2.3          2.1          2.1          2.4          2.2          2.4          2.3          1.9          1.7
Net interest...............................................................         1.5          1.5          1.5          1.6          1.7          1.9          2.2          2.6          2.6
Other functions............................................................         1.6          2.1          1.7          1.8          1.6          1.6          1.5          1.6          1.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -0.8         -0.9         -0.8         -0.7         -0.7         -0.7         -0.9         -0.8         -1.0
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................        21.4         21.1         20.8         20.7         20.1         21.6         22.2         23.1         23.5
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (17.4)       (16.8)       (16.7)       (16.6)       (16.1)       (17.4)       (17.7)       (18.4)       (19.2)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (4.0)        (4.3)        (4.1)        (4.0)        (4.0)        (4.2)        (4.4)        (4.7)        (4.3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 49]]


                                                             Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Superfunction and Function                              1984         1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense...........................................................     227,413      252,748      273,375      281,999      290,361      303,559      299,331      273,292      298,350

Human resources............................................................     432,042      471,822      481,594      502,200      533,402      568,684      619,329      689,667      772,440

  Education, training, employment, and social services.....................      26,921       28,593       29,777       28,922       30,933       35,330       37,176       41,234       42,743
  Health...................................................................      30,417       33,542       35,936       39,967       44,487       48,390       57,716       71,183       89,497
  Medicare.................................................................      57,540       65,822       70,164       75,120       78,878       84,964       98,102      104,489      119,024
  Income security..........................................................     113,352      128,979      120,633      124,088      130,377      137,426      148,655      172,441      199,527
  Social security..........................................................     178,223      188,623      198,757      207,353      219,341      232,542      248,623      269,015      287,585
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (7,056)      (5,189)      (8,072)      (4,930)      (4,852)      (5,069)      (3,625)      (2,619)      (6,166)
      (Off-budget).........................................................    (171,167)    (183,434)    (190,684)    (202,422)    (214,489)    (227,473)    (244,998)    (266,395)    (281,418)
  Veterans benefits and services...........................................      25,588       26,262       26,327       26,750       29,386       30,031       29,058       31,305       34,064

Physical resources.........................................................      57,967       56,821       58,738       55,142       68,632       81,568      126,039      135,179       75,616

  Energy...................................................................       7,073        5,609        4,690        4,072        2,297        2,706        3,341        2,436        4,500
  Natural resources and environment........................................      12,593       13,357       13,639       13,363       14,606       16,182       17,080       18,559       20,025
  Commerce and housing credit..............................................       6,959        4,337        5,059        6,435       19,164       29,710       67,600       76,271       10,919
      (On-budget)..........................................................      (6,959)      (4,337)      (5,059)      (6,435)     (19,164)     (30,019)     (65,974)     (74,953)     (10,260)
      (Off-budget).........................................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........       (-310)      (1,626)      (1,317)        (659)
  Transportation...........................................................      23,669       25,838       28,117       26,222       27,272       27,608       29,485       31,099       33,332
  Community and regional development.......................................       7,673        7,680        7,233        5,051        5,294        5,362        8,532        6,813        6,841

Net interest...............................................................     111,102      129,478      136,017      138,611      151,803      168,981      184,347      194,448      199,344
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (114,411)    (133,595)    (140,346)    (143,901)    (159,219)    (180,376)    (200,338)    (214,670)    (222,981)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (-3,310)     (-4,118)     (-4,329)     (-5,290)     (-7,416)    (-11,395)    (-15,991)    (-20,222)    (-23,637)

Other functions............................................................      55,287       68,227       73,713       62,584       57,224       58,066       60,734       71,140       75,185

  International affairs....................................................      15,876       16,176       14,152       11,649       10,471        9,585       13,764       15,851       16,107
  General science, space and technology....................................       8,317        8,627        8,976        9,216       10,841       12,838       14,444       16,111       16,409
  Agriculture..............................................................      13,613       25,565       31,449       26,606       17,210       16,919       11,958       15,183       15,205
  Administration of justice................................................       5,663        6,270        6,572        7,553        9,236        9,474        9,993       12,276       14,426
  General government.......................................................      11,817       11,588       12,564        7,560        9,465        9,249       10,575       11,719       13,039

Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................     -31,957      -32,698      -33,007      -36,455      -36,967      -37,212      -36,615      -39,356      -39,280
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (-29,913)    (-30,189)    (-30,150)    (-33,155)    (-32,585)    (-32,354)    (-31,048)    (-33,553)    (-33,179)
      (Off-budget).........................................................     (-2,044)     (-2,509)     (-2,857)     (-3,300)     (-4,382)     (-4,858)     (-5,567)     (-5,804)     (-6,101)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................     851,853      946,396      990,430    1,004,082    1,064,455    1,143,646    1,253,165    1,324,369    1,381,655
      (On-budget)..........................................................    (686,040)    (769,589)    (806,932)    (810,249)    (861,763)    (932,735)  (1,028,099)  (1,082,682)  (1,129,316)
      (Off-budget).........................................................    (165,813)    (176,807)    (183,498)    (193,832)    (202,691)    (210,911)    (225,065)    (241,687)    (252,339)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    As percentages of outlays

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................        26.7         26.7         27.6         28.1         27.3         26.5         23.9         20.6         21.6
Human resources............................................................        50.7         49.9         48.6         50.0         50.1         49.7         49.4         52.1         55.9
Physical resources.........................................................         6.8          6.0          5.9          5.5          6.4          7.1         10.1         10.2          5.5
Net interest...............................................................        13.0         13.7         13.7         13.8         14.3         14.8         14.7         14.7         14.4
Other functions............................................................         6.5          7.2          7.4          6.2          5.4          5.1          4.8          5.4          5.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -3.8         -3.5         -3.3         -3.6         -3.5         -3.3         -2.9         -3.0         -2.8
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (80.5)       (81.3)       (81.5)       (80.7)       (81.0)       (81.6)       (82.0)       (81.8)       (81.7)
      (Off-budget).........................................................       (19.5)       (18.7)       (18.5)       (19.3)       (19.0)       (18.4)       (18.0)       (18.2)       (18.3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      As percentages of GDP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense...........................................................         5.9          6.1          6.2          6.1          5.8          5.6          5.2          4.6          4.8
Human resources............................................................        11.3         11.4         10.9         10.8         10.6         10.5         10.8         11.6         12.4
Physical resources.........................................................         1.5          1.4          1.3          1.2          1.4          1.5          2.2          2.3          1.2
Net interest...............................................................         2.9          3.1          3.1          3.0          3.0          3.1          3.2          3.3          3.2
Other functions............................................................         1.4          1.6          1.7          1.3          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.2          1.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -0.8         -0.8         -0.7         -0.8         -0.7         -0.7         -0.6         -0.7         -0.6
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.....................................................        22.2         22.9         22.5         21.6         21.2         21.2         21.8         22.3         22.2
      (On-budget)..........................................................       (17.9)       (18.6)       (18.3)       (17.4)       (17.2)       (17.3)       (17.9)       (18.3)       (18.2)
      (Off-budget).........................................................        (4.3)        (4.3)        (4.2)        (4.2)        (4.0)        (3.9)        (3.9)        (4.1)        (4.1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 50]]


                                         Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Superfunction and Function                 1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense................................     291,086      281,642      272,066      265,753      270,505      268,456      274,873      294,495

Human resources.................................     827,533      869,410      923,765      958,232    1,002,336    1,033,426    1,057,717    1,115,481

  Education, training, employment, and social         47,376       43,277       51,020       48,310       48,961       50,503       50,591       53,754
   services.....................................
  Health........................................      99,415      107,122      115,418      119,378      123,843      131,442      141,074      154,533
  Medicare......................................     130,552      144,747      159,855      174,225      190,016      192,822      190,447      197,113
  Income security...............................     209,934      217,114      223,736      229,663      234,952      237,663      242,356      253,575
  Social security...............................     304,585      319,565      335,846      349,671      365,251      379,215      390,037      409,423
      (On-budget)...............................      (6,236)      (5,683)      (5,476)      (5,802)      (6,879)      (9,146)     (10,824)     (13,254)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (298,349)    (313,881)    (330,370)    (343,869)    (358,372)    (370,069)    (379,213)    (396,169)
  Veterans benefits and services................      35,671       37,584       37,890       36,985       39,313       41,781       43,212       47,083

Physical resources..............................      46,860       70,708       59,142       64,201       59,900       74,703       81,930       84,665

  Energy........................................       4,319        5,219        4,936        2,839        1,475        1,270          912       -1,060
  Natural resources and environment.............      20,239       21,026       21,915       21,524       21,227       22,300       23,968       25,031
  Commerce and housing credit...................     -21,853       -4,228      -17,808      -10,472      -14,624        1,014        2,647        3,211
      (On-budget)...............................    (-23,294)     (-5,331)    (-15,839)    (-10,292)    (-14,575)        (797)      (1,626)      (1,182)
      (Off-budget)..............................      (1,441)      (1,103)     (-1,969)       (-180)        (-49)        (217)      (1,021)      (2,029)
  Transportation................................      35,004       38,066       39,350       39,565       40,767       40,343       42,533       46,854
  Community and regional development............       9,149       10,625       10,749       10,745       11,055        9,776       11,870       10,629

Net interest....................................     198,713      202,932      232,134      241,053      243,984      241,119      229,756      222,951
      (On-budget)...............................    (225,501)    (232,135)    (265,439)    (277,560)    (285,198)    (287,749)    (281,827)    (282,747)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (-26,788)    (-29,203)    (-33,305)    (-36,507)    (-41,214)    (-46,630)    (-52,071)    (-59,796)

Other functions.................................      82,682       74,956       73,150       68,916       74,498       82,075       98,060      113,762

  International affairs.........................      17,248       17,083       16,434       13,496       15,228       13,109       15,243       17,216
  General science, space and technology.........      17,030       16,227       16,724       16,709       17,174       18,219       18,125       18,637
  Agriculture...................................      20,363       15,046        9,778        9,159        9,032       12,206       23,011       36,641
  Administration of justice.....................      14,955       15,268       16,247       17,596       20,243       22,938       26,082       27,995
  General government............................      13,086       11,333       13,967       11,956       12,821       15,603       15,599       13,273

Undistributed offsetting receipts...............     -37,386      -37,772      -44,455      -37,620      -49,973      -47,194      -40,445      -42,581
      (On-budget)...............................    (-30,970)    (-31,362)    (-38,023)    (-31,342)    (-43,490)    (-40,142)    (-33,060)    (-34,944)
      (Off-budget)..............................     (-6,416)     (-6,409)     (-6,432)     (-6,278)     (-6,483)     (-7,052)     (-7,385)     (-7,637)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................   1,409,489    1,461,877    1,515,802    1,560,535    1,601,250    1,652,585    1,701,891    1,788,773
      (On-budget)...............................  (1,142,902)  (1,182,505)  (1,227,138)  (1,259,631)  (1,290,624)  (1,335,981)  (1,381,113)  (1,458,008)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (266,587)    (279,372)    (288,664)    (300,904)    (310,626)    (316,604)    (320,778)    (330,765)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................        20.7         19.3         17.9         17.0         16.9         16.2         16.2         16.5
Human resources.................................        58.7         59.5         60.9         61.4         62.6         62.5         62.1         62.4
Physical resources..............................         3.3          4.8          3.9          4.1          3.7          4.5          4.8          4.7
Net interest....................................        14.1         13.9         15.3         15.4         15.2         14.6         13.5         12.5
Other functions.................................         5.9          5.1          4.8          4.4          4.7          5.0          5.8          6.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -2.7         -2.6         -2.9         -2.4         -3.1         -2.9         -2.4         -2.4
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)...............................       (81.1)       (80.9)       (81.0)       (80.7)       (80.6)       (80.8)       (81.2)       (81.5)
      (Off-budget)..............................       (18.9)       (19.1)       (19.0)       (19.3)       (19.4)       (19.2)       (18.8)       (18.5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................         4.4          4.1          3.7          3.5          3.3          3.1          3.0          3.0
Human resources.................................        12.6         12.5         12.6         12.5         12.2         11.9         11.6         11.5
Physical resources..............................         0.7          1.0          0.8          0.8          0.7          0.9          0.9          0.9
Net interest....................................         3.0          2.9          3.2          3.1          3.0          2.8          2.5          2.3
Other functions.................................         1.3          1.1          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.9          1.1          1.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -0.6         -0.5         -0.6         -0.5         -0.6         -0.5         -0.4         -0.4
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................        21.5         21.1         20.7         20.3         19.6         19.1         18.6         18.4
      (On-budget)...............................       (17.4)       (17.0)       (16.8)       (16.4)       (15.8)       (15.4)       (15.1)       (15.0)
      (Off-budget)..............................        (4.1)        (4.0)        (3.9)        (3.9)        (3.8)        (3.7)        (3.5)        (3.4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 51]]


                                         Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
           Superfunction and Function                 2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National defense................................     305,500      348,555      376,286      390,419      410,092      423,192      436,437      460,546

Human resources.................................   1,194,409    1,317,852    1,419,648    1,475,076    1,551,226    1,635,467    1,712,472    1,805,443

  Education, training, employment, and social         57,143       70,544       86,252       85,336       84,464       85,858       87,497       89,448
   services.....................................
  Health........................................     172,270      196,545      223,068      246,579      266,967      291,177      311,702      334,683
  Medicare......................................     217,384      230,855      244,667      258,878      275,869      304,893      327,410      349,396
  Income security...............................     269,615      312,511      330,120      324,962      340,935      349,371      356,692      369,144
  Social security...............................     432,958      456,413      478,471      497,299      515,973      537,557      563,238      591,828
      (On-budget)...............................     (11,701)     (13,988)     (13,067)     (14,032)     (14,441)     (15,371)     (16,672)     (18,184)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (421,257)    (442,425)    (465,404)    (483,267)    (501,532)    (522,186)    (546,566)    (573,644)
  Veterans benefits and services................      45,039       50,984       57,070       62,022       67,018       66,611       65,933       70,944

Physical resources..............................      97,901      104,405      115,235      112,312      111,986      113,802      116,689      120,108

  Energy........................................          39          483          708          918        1,489        1,772        1,242        1,801
  Natural resources and environment.............      25,623       29,454       30,578       31,586       31,780       32,492       32,849       33,492
  Commerce and housing credit...................       5,883         -385        1,262         -701       -1,982          233        1,551        1,371
      (On-budget)...............................      (3,581)        (266)      (5,500)      (2,344)      (1,682)      (1,221)      (2,457)      (2,618)
      (Off-budget)..............................      (2,302)       (-651)     (-4,238)     (-3,045)     (-3,664)       (-988)       (-906)     (-1,247)
  Transportation................................      54,449       61,862       64,228       63,449       64,334       65,106       66,810       68,861
  Community and regional development............      11,907       12,991       18,459       17,060       16,365       14,199       14,237       14,583

Net interest....................................     206,168      170,951      161,441      176,395      204,025      224,529      239,844      254,071
      (On-budget)...............................    (274,979)    (247,771)    (245,017)    (265,093)    (300,794)    (330,651)    (356,839)    (383,324)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (-68,811)    (-76,820)    (-83,576)    (-88,698)    (-96,769)   (-106,122)   (-116,995)   (-129,253)

Other functions.................................     106,928      117,018      118,053      128,891      133,674      134,982      136,761      138,822

  International affairs.........................      16,493       22,357       20,735       25,622       26,068       27,483       29,171       30,656
  General science, space and technology.........      19,789       20,772       21,699       22,851       23,808       24,735       25,439       26,220
  Agriculture...................................      26,397       22,188       20,847       20,799       24,216       23,921       23,052       21,495
  Administration of justice.....................      29,660       34,316       36,142       39,413       38,920       39,458       37,947       38,696
  General government............................      14,589       17,385       18,998       20,503       22,005       20,533       20,957       21,468
  Allowances....................................  ...........  ...........        -368         -297       -1,343       -1,148          195          287

Undistributed offsetting receipts...............     -47,011      -47,806      -50,286      -53,668      -67,604      -68,309      -66,000      -68,473
      (On-budget)...............................    (-39,101)    (-38,514)    (-40,793)    (-43,645)    (-56,810)    (-56,827)    (-53,841)    (-55,430)
      (Off-budget)..............................     (-7,910)     (-9,292)     (-9,493)    (-10,023)    (-10,794)    (-11,482)    (-12,159)    (-13,043)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................   1,863,895    2,010,975    2,140,377    2,229,425    2,343,399    2,463,663    2,576,203    2,710,517
      (On-budget)...............................  (1,517,057)  (1,655,313)  (1,772,280)  (1,847,924)  (1,953,094)  (2,060,069)  (2,159,697)  (2,280,416)
      (Off-budget)..............................    (346,838)    (355,662)    (368,097)    (381,501)    (390,305)    (403,594)    (416,506)    (430,101)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................        16.4         17.3         17.6         17.5         17.5         17.2         16.9         17.0
Human resources.................................        64.1         65.5         66.3         66.2         66.2         66.4         66.5         66.6
Physical resources..............................         5.3          5.2          5.4          5.0          4.8          4.6          4.5          4.4
Net interest....................................        11.1          8.5          7.5          7.9          8.7          9.1          9.3          9.4
Other functions.................................         5.7          5.8          5.5          5.8          5.7          5.5          5.3          5.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -2.5         -2.4         -2.3         -2.4         -2.9         -2.8         -2.6         -2.5
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
      (On-budget)...............................       (81.4)       (82.3)       (82.8)       (82.9)       (83.3)       (83.6)       (83.8)       (84.1)
      (Off-budget)..............................       (18.6)       (17.7)       (17.2)       (17.1)       (16.7)       (16.4)       (16.2)       (15.9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................         3.0          3.4          3.5          3.5          3.5          3.4          3.3          3.3
Human resources.................................        11.9         12.7         13.2         13.1         13.1         13.1         13.1         13.1
Physical resources..............................         1.0          1.0          1.1          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9
Net interest....................................         2.1          1.7          1.5          1.6          1.7          1.8          1.8          1.8
Other functions.................................         1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.0          1.0
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -0.5         -0.5         -0.5         -0.5         -0.6         -0.5         -0.5         -0.5
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays..........................        18.6         19.5         19.9         19.7         19.7         19.7         19.7         19.7
      (On-budget)...............................       (15.1)       (16.0)       (16.5)       (16.3)       (16.4)       (16.5)       (16.5)       (16.6)
      (Off-budget)..............................        (3.5)        (3.4)        (3.4)        (3.4)        (3.3)        (3.2)        (3.2)        (3.1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 52]]

 
                                                Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1962        1963        1964        1965        1966        1967        1968        1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     16,331      16,256      17,422      17,913      20,009      22,952      25,118      26,914
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     11,594      11,874      11,932      12,349      14,710      19,000      20,578      22,227
    Procurement.........................................     14,532      16,632      15,351      11,839      14,339      19,012      23,283      23,988
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........      6,319       6,376       7,021       6,236       6,259       7,160       7,747       7,457
    Military Construction...............................      1,347       1,144       1,026       1,007       1,334       1,536       1,281       1,389
    Family Housing......................................        259         563         550         563         569         485         495         574
    Other...............................................       -271      -1,696        -717      -1,127        -590         -76       1,853      -1,777

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........     50,111      51,147      52,585      48,780      56,629      70,069      80,355      80,771
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................      2,074       2,041       1,902       1,620       1,466       1,277       1,336       1,389
  054 Defense-related activities........................        160         212         270         220          16          71         235         337
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................     52,345      53,400      54,757      50,620      58,111      71,417      81,926      82,497
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              2,883       3,079       3,367       3,357       3,478       3,085       2,879       2,484
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      1,958       2,185       1,830       1,599       1,590       1,530       1,051       1,102
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................        249         346         231         336         354         369         354         370
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        197         201         207         224         228         245         253         237
  155 International financial programs..................        353        -503        -690        -242         -69         338         765         407
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................      5,639       5,308       4,945       5,273       5,580       5,566       5,301       4,600
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................        497         534         766         789         858         897         930         938
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.      1,226       2,516       4,131       5,034       5,858       5,336       4,594       4,082
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........      1,723       3,051       4,897       5,823       6,717       6,233       5,524       5,020
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................        533         451         485         602         510         673         918         887
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........         71          80          87          97         101         109         118         122
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................        604         530         572         699         612         782       1,037       1,010
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      1,290       1,448       1,461       1,546       1,704       1,685       1,644       1,591
  302 Conservation and land management..................        376         357         364         384         351         417         457         323
  303 Recreational resources............................        123         148         167         175         189         222         269         315
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................         70          87         117         134         158         190         249         303
  306 Other natural resources...........................        186         212         255         292         317         354         370         368
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............      2,044       2,251       2,364       2,531       2,719       2,869       2,988       2,900
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................      3,222       4,047       4,241       3,551       2,004       2,515       4,032       5,304
  352 Agricultural research and services................        340         337         369         404         444         475         512         521
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................      3,562       4,384       4,609       3,955       2,447       2,990       4,545       5,826
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................        650        -592         -54         277       2,494       2,846       3,261        -720
  372 Postal Service....................................        797         770         578         805         888       1,141       1,080         920
  373 Deposit insurance.................................       -394        -423        -436        -389        -486        -401        -522        -603
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................        371         307         331         465         348         394         462         284
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................      1,424          62         418       1,157       3,245       3,979       4,280        -119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
On-budget unless otherwise stated.


[[Page 53]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1970        1971        1972        1973        1974        1975        1976         TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     29,032      29,079      29,571      29,773      30,409      32,162      32,546       8,268
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     21,609      20,941      21,675      21,069      22,478      26,297      27,837       7,232
    Procurement.........................................     21,584      18,858      17,131      15,654      15,241      16,042      15,964       3,766
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........      7,166       7,303       7,881       8,157       8,582       8,866       8,923       2,206
    Military Construction...............................      1,168       1,095       1,108       1,119       1,407       1,462       2,019         376
    Family Housing......................................        614         598         688         729         884       1,124       1,192         296
    Other...............................................     -1,050        -376        -409      -1,468      -1,137      -1,101        -563        -338

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........     80,123      77,497      77,645      75,033      77,864      84,852      87,917      21,807
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................      1,415       1,385       1,373       1,409       1,486       1,506       1,565         435
  054 Defense-related activities........................        154         -10         156         240          -3         151         137          27
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................     81,692      78,872      79,174      76,681      79,347      86,509      89,619      22,269
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              2,341       2,296       2,394       1,741       2,430       3,134       2,636       1,119
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      1,094       1,367       1,446       1,427       1,824       2,535       2,683       1,470
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................        398         405         452         476         609         659         727         263
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        235         241         274         295         320         348         382         115
  155 International financial programs..................        261        -150         215         211         527         421           4        -509
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................      4,330       4,159       4,781       4,149       5,710       7,097       6,433       2,458
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................        947       1,009         979         961       1,017       1,038       1,034         292
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.      3,564       3,172       3,196       3,071       2,963       2,953       3,338         871
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........      4,511       4,182       4,175       4,032       3,980       3,991       4,373       1,162
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................        856         880       1,089       1,007         969       2,446       3,530         913
  272 Energy conservation...............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          3          48          51          38
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         33          65          32
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        142         155         207         231         331         389         558         146
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................        997       1,035       1,296       1,237       1,303       2,916       4,204       1,129
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      1,514       1,768       1,948       2,221       2,200       2,608       2,742         805
  302 Conservation and land management..................        436         553         522         403         243         761         744         193
  303 Recreational resources............................        303         397         439         464         551         696         739         207
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................        384         702         764       1,122       2,035       2,523       3,067       1,091
  306 Other natural resources...........................        428         495         567         565         668         757         891         228
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............      3,065       3,915       4,241       4,775       5,697       7,346       8,184       2,524
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................      4,589       3,651       4,553       4,099       1,458       2,160       2,249         743
  352 Agricultural research and services................        577         639         706         755         772         876         921         240
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................      5,166       4,290       5,259       4,854       2,230       3,036       3,170         983
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................        590          74         550        -399       2,119       5,463       4,336         562
  372 Postal Service....................................      1,510       2,183       1,772       1,567       2,471       2,989       2,805         212
  373 Deposit insurance.................................       -501        -383        -597        -805        -611         511        -573         -63
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................        513         492         497         568         726         984       1,051         221
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................      2,112       2,366       2,222         931       4,705       9,947       7,619         931
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 54]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983        1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     33,672      35,553      37,345      40,897      47,941      55,170      60,886      64,158
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     30,587      33,580      36,440      44,788      51,885      59,695      64,932      67,388
    Procurement.........................................     18,178      19,976      25,404      29,021      35,191      43,271      53,624      61,879
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........      9,795      10,508      11,152      13,127      15,278      17,729      20,554      23,117
    Military Construction...............................      1,914       1,932       2,080       2,450       2,458       2,922       3,524       3,706
    Family Housing......................................      1,358       1,405       1,468       1,680       1,721       1,993       2,126       2,413
    Other...............................................       -357        -694        -284      -1,050        -605         -65      -1,236      -1,732

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........     95,147     102,259     113,605     130,912     153,868     180,714     204,410     220,928
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................      1,936       2,070       2,541       2,878       3,398       4,309       5,171       6,120
  054 Defense-related activities........................        158         166         196         206         246         286         322         365
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................     97,241     104,495     116,342     133,995     157,513     185,309     209,903     227,413
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              2,823       2,647       2,910       3,626       4,131       3,772       3,955       4,478
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      3,075       3,926       3,655       4,763       5,095       5,416       6,613       7,924
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................        982       1,128       1,310       1,366       1,343       1,625       1,761       1,872
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        386         423         465         534         528         575         607         691
  155 International financial programs..................       -913        -642        -881       2,425       2,007         911      -1,089         910
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................      6,353       7,482       7,459      12,714      13,104      12,300      11,848      15,876
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      1,078       1,160       1,298       1,381       1,477       1,607       1,644       1,849
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.      3,657       3,766       3,937       4,451       4,992       5,593       6,290       6,469
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........      4,736       4,926       5,235       5,832       6,469       7,200       7,935       8,317
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................      4,841       6,075       7,165       8,367      10,202       8,263       6,143       3,255
  272 Energy conservation...............................        143         221         252         569         730         516         477         527
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................        123         897       1,021         342       3,280       3,877       1,855       2,518
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        664         798         742         878         955         871         878         774
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................      5,770       7,992       9,180      10,156      15,166      13,527       9,353       7,073
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      3,213       3,431       3,853       4,223       4,132       3,948       3,904       4,070
  302 Conservation and land management..................        736       1,229       1,070       1,348       1,490       1,365       1,787       1,615
  303 Recreational resources............................        838       1,207       1,239       1,372       1,297       1,154       1,170       1,269
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      4,279       3,965       4,707       5,510       5,170       5,012       4,263       4,044
  306 Other natural resources...........................        966       1,151       1,266       1,405       1,478       1,519       1,548       1,595
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     10,032      10,983      12,135      13,858      13,568      12,998      12,672      12,593
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................      5,735      10,228       9,895       7,441       9,783      14,344      21,323      11,877
  352 Agricultural research and services................      1,052       1,129       1,340       1,398       1,540       1,599       1,578       1,736
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................      6,787      11,357      11,236       8,839      11,323      15,944      22,901      13,613
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................      2,609       4,553       3,991       5,887       6,063       6,056       5,135       4,382
  372 Postal Service....................................      2,094       1,282         896       1,246       1,432         154       1,111       1,239
  373 Deposit insurance.................................     -2,788        -988      -1,745        -285      -1,371      -2,056      -1,253        -616
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      1,178       1,406       1,545       2,542       2,083       2,101       1,688       1,955
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................      3,093       6,254       4,686       9,390       8,206       6,256       6,681       6,959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 55]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     67,842      71,511      72,020      76,337      80,676      75,622      83,439      81,171
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     72,371      75,288      76,205      84,475      87,001      88,340     101,769      91,989
    Procurement.........................................     70,381      76,517      80,744      77,166      81,620      80,972      82,028      74,881
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........     27,103      32,283      33,596      34,792      37,002      37,458      34,589      34,632
    Military Construction...............................      4,260       5,067       5,853       5,874       5,275       5,080       3,497       4,262
    Family Housing......................................      2,642       2,819       2,908       3,082       3,257       3,501       3,296       3,271
    Other...............................................        553       1,995       2,640         210          50      -1,218     -46,229      -3,313

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........    245,154     265,480     273,966     281,935     294,880     289,755     262,389     286,892
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................      7,098       7,445       7,451       7,913       8,119       8,988      10,004      10,619
  054 Defense-related activities........................        495         450         582         512         560         587         899         839
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................    252,748     273,375     281,999     290,361     303,559     299,331     273,292     298,350
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              5,409       4,968       4,319       4,703       4,836       5,498       5,141       6,133
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      9,391      10,499       7,106       4,500       1,467       8,652       9,823       7,490
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................      2,043       2,270       2,208       2,729       2,886       3,050       3,282       3,894
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        805         917       1,000       1,051       1,106       1,103       1,253       1,280
  155 International financial programs..................     -1,471      -4,501      -2,985      -2,513        -710      -4,539      -3,648      -2,689
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................     16,176      14,152      11,649      10,471       9,585      13,764      15,851      16,107
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      2,019       2,221       2,260       2,428       2,642       2,835       3,154       3,571
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.      6,607       6,756       6,957       8,413      10,196      11,609      12,957      12,838
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........      8,627       8,976       9,216      10,841      12,838      14,444      16,111      16,409
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................      2,615       2,839       2,318         746       1,230       1,976       1,945       3,226
  272 Energy conservation...............................        491         515         281         342         333         365         386         468
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................      1,838         597         788         568         621         442        -235         319
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        664         740         685         640         521         559         340         486
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................      5,609       4,690       4,072       2,297       2,706       3,341       2,436       4,500
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      4,122       4,041       3,783       4,034       4,271       4,401       4,366       4,559
  302 Conservation and land management..................      1,860       1,749       1,822       2,589       3,792       4,030       4,646       5,268
  303 Recreational resources............................      1,242       1,152       1,215       1,273       1,349       1,400       1,539       1,691
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      4,465       4,831       4,869       4,832       4,878       5,170       5,862       6,087
  306 Other natural resources...........................      1,668       1,866       1,675       1,878       1,890       2,080       2,148       2,420
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     13,357      13,639      13,363      14,606      16,182      17,080      18,559      20,025
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................     23,751      29,608      24,742      15,246      14,817       9,761      12,924      12,666
  352 Agricultural research and services................      1,813       1,841       1,864       1,964       2,102       2,197       2,259       2,539
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................     25,565      31,449      26,606      17,210      16,919      11,958      15,183      15,205
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................      3,054         934         -67       4,992       4,978       3,845       5,362       4,320
  372 Postal Service....................................      1,351         758       1,593       2,229         127       2,116       1,828       1,169
    (On-budget).........................................     (1,351)       (758)     (1,593)     (2,229)       (436)       (490)       (511)       (511)
    (Off-budget)........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........      (-310)     (1,626)     (1,317)       (659)
  373 Deposit insurance.................................     -2,198       1,394       3,106      10,020      21,996      57,891      66,232       2,518
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      2,130       1,973       1,803       1,922       2,608       3,748       2,848       2,911
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................      4,337       5,059       6,435      19,164      29,710      67,600      76,271      10,919
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (4,337)     (5,059)     (6,435)    (19,164)    (30,019)    (65,974)    (74,953)    (10,260)
    (Off-budget)........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........      (-310)     (1,626)     (1,317)       (659)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 56]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     75,904      73,137      70,809      66,669      69,724      68,976      69,503      75,950
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     94,094      87,929      91,078      88,759      92,461      93,473      96,418     105,870
    Procurement.........................................     69,936      61,769      54,982      48,913      47,690      48,206      48,826      51,696
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........     36,968      34,762      34,594      36,494      37,015      37,420      37,363      37,606
    Military Construction...............................      4,831       4,979       6,823       6,683       6,187       6,044       5,521       5,109
    Family Housing......................................      3,255       3,316       3,571       3,828       4,003       3,871       3,692       3,413
    Other...............................................     -6,428       2,729      -2,415       1,841       1,231      -1,868          57       1,579

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........    278,561     268,622     259,442     253,187     258,311     256,122     261,380     281,223
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................     11,017      11,892      11,777      11,644      11,275      11,268      12,358      12,161
  054 Defense-related activities........................      1,508       1,128         847         922         919       1,066       1,135       1,111
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................    291,086     281,642     272,066     265,753     270,505     268,456     274,873     294,495
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              5,827       7,049       7,599       6,160       6,054       5,446       5,654       6,518
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      7,639       6,642       5,252       4,565       4,632       5,135       5,531       6,387
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................      4,325       4,557       4,192       3,761       3,919       3,262       4,162       4,709
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......      1,352       1,398       1,417       1,187       1,173       1,159       1,227         817
  155 International financial programs..................     -1,896      -2,564      -2,026      -2,177        -550      -1,893      -1,331      -1,215
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................     17,248      17,083      16,434      13,496      15,228      13,109      15,243      17,216
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      3,938       3,863       4,131       4,016       4,118       5,353       5,679       6,210
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.     13,092      12,363      12,593      12,693      13,056      12,866      12,446      12,427
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........     17,030      16,227      16,724      16,709      17,174      18,219      18,125      18,637
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................      3,286       3,899       3,584       1,649         626         181        -118      -2,118
  272 Energy conservation...............................        521         582         671         624         572         621         586         666
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................        336         275         223         141          23         233         225         162
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        176         462         458         425         254         235         219         230
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................      4,319       5,219       4,936       2,839       1,475       1,270         912      -1,060
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      4,258       4,491       4,628       4,539       4,414       4,650       4,728       5,081
  302 Conservation and land management..................      5,498       5,790       5,958       5,980       5,669       6,204       6,367       6,762
  303 Recreational resources............................      1,900       1,880       2,010       1,949       2,044       2,106       2,672       2,558
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      6,072       6,055       6,513       6,182       6,292       6,422       6,898       7,402
  306 Other natural resources...........................      2,512       2,811       2,806       2,874       2,808       2,918       3,303       3,228
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     20,239      21,026      21,915      21,524      21,227      22,300      23,968      25,031
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................     17,720      12,350       7,020       6,477       6,272       9,297      20,020      33,452
  352 Agricultural research and services................      2,643       2,695       2,758       2,682       2,760       2,909       2,991       3,189
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................     20,363      15,046       9,778       9,159       9,032      12,206      23,011      36,641
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................      1,554        -501      -1,038      -5,025      -4,006      -2,934         364      -3,335
  372 Postal Service....................................      1,602       1,233      -1,839         -58          77         303       1,050       2,129
    (On-budget).........................................       (161)       (130)       (130)       (122)       (126)        (86)        (29)       (100)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (1,441)     (1,103)    (-1,969)      (-180)       (-49)       (217)     (1,021)     (2,029)
  373 Deposit insurance.................................    -27,957      -7,570     -17,827      -8,394     -14,384      -4,371      -5,280      -3,051
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      2,949       2,609       2,896       3,005       3,689       8,016       6,513       7,468
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................    -21,853      -4,228     -17,808     -10,472     -14,624       1,014       2,647       3,211
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-23,294)    (-5,331)   (-15,839)   (-10,292)   (-14,575)       (797)     (1,626)     (1,182)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (1,441)     (1,103)    (-1,969)      (-180)       (-49)       (217)     (1,021)     (2,029)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 57]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     73,977      86,799      92,687      98,672         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Operation and Maintenance...........................    112,015     130,005     136,284     133,058         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Procurement.........................................     54,986      62,515      63,220      67,903         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........     40,459      44,389      52,838      58,194         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Military Construction...............................      4,977       5,052       6,001       6,147         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Family Housing......................................      3,516       3,736       4,151       4,086         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Other...............................................      1,085        -545       2,974       2,647         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........    291,015     331,951     358,155     370,707     389,579     402,724     416,281     441,098
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................     13,005      14,877      16,348      17,128      17,753      17,667      17,312      16,540
  054 Defense-related activities........................      1,480       1,727       1,783       2,584       2,760       2,801       2,844       2,908
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................    305,500     348,555     376,286     390,419     410,092     423,192     436,437     460,546
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              7,191       7,821       8,662      10,507      10,965      11,991      13,039      13,991
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      6,560       7,907       6,765       7,316       7,358       7,527       7,748       7,941
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................      5,050       7,068       8,138       7,273       7,542       7,752       7,911       8,111
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        804         906         876         978       1,040       1,020       1,038       1,064
  155 International financial programs..................     -3,112      -1,345      -3,706        -452        -837        -807        -565        -451
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................     16,493      22,357      20,735      25,622      26,068      27,483      29,171      30,656
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      6,553       7,299       8,087       8,575       8,926       9,166       9,425       9,614
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.     13,236      13,473      13,612      14,276      14,882      15,569      16,014      16,606
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........     19,789      20,772      21,699      22,851      23,808      24,735      25,439      26,220
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................     -1,116        -796        -648        -507          55         324        -240         283
  272 Energy conservation...............................        760         878         847         899         887         895         914         934
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................        159         169         177         178         181         185         188         197
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        236         232         332         348         366         368         380         387
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................         39         483         708         918       1,489       1,772       1,242       1,801
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      5,240       5,570       5,296       5,062       4,714       4,991       4,970       5,084
  302 Conservation and land management..................      7,109       9,797       9,889      10,575      10,844      11,270      11,518      11,685
  303 Recreational resources............................      2,339       2,750       3,067       3,139       3,270       3,256       3,311       3,400
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      7,562       7,615       8,121       8,438       8,426       8,363       8,326       8,497
  306 Other natural resources...........................      3,373       3,722       4,205       4,372       4,526       4,612       4,724       4,826
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     25,623      29,454      30,578      31,586      31,780      32,492      32,849      33,492
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................     22,698      18,364      16,305      16,471      19,862      19,514      18,534      16,826
  352 Agricultural research and services................      3,699       3,824       4,542       4,328       4,354       4,407       4,518       4,669
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................     26,397      22,188      20,847      20,799      24,216      23,921      23,052      21,495
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................     -1,164      -7,006      -4,328      -5,798      -6,055      -5,736      -5,909      -6,277
  372 Postal Service....................................      2,395         207      -4,161      -2,985      -3,598        -922        -840      -1,181
    (On-budget).........................................        (93)       (858)        (77)        (60)        (66)        (66)        (66)        (66)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (2,302)      (-651)    (-4,238)    (-3,045)    (-3,664)      (-988)      (-906)    (-1,247)
  373 Deposit insurance.................................     -1,443      -1,021         141        -902      -1,213      -1,773      -1,621      -1,595
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      6,095       7,435       9,610       8,984       8,884       8,664       9,921      10,424
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................      5,883        -385       1,262        -701      -1,982         233       1,551       1,371
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (3,581)       (266)     (5,500)     (2,344)     (1,682)     (1,221)     (2,457)     (2,618)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (2,302)      (-651)    (-4,238)    (-3,045)    (-3,664)      (-988)      (-906)    (-1,247)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/A = Not available.


[[Page 58]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1962        1963        1964        1965        1966        1967        1968        1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................      2,855       3,090       3,715       4,105       4,072       4,139       4,378       4,443
  402 Air transportation................................        818         851         882         941         961       1,042       1,084       1,206
  403 Water transportation..............................        617         655         646         717         695         749         841         857
  407 Other transportation..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          3           6          13          21
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................      4,290       4,596       5,242       5,763       5,730       5,936       6,316       6,526
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................        266         233         316         413         423         580         649         833
  452 Area and regional development.....................        179         307         592         648         448         450         613         679
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................         23          34          25          53         234          78         120          40
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............        469         574         933       1,114       1,105       1,108       1,382       1,552
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...        482         553         579         719       1,627       2,310       2,516       2,470
  502 Higher education..................................        328         426         382         413         706       1,161       1,394       1,234
  503 Research and general education aids...............         58          55          62          92         122         156         240         210
  504 Training and employment...........................        189         203         291         528         983       1,233       1,582       1,560
  505 Other labor services..............................         74          84          72          97         101         107         112         122
  506 Social services...................................        110         137         169         291         823       1,486       1,791       1,952
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..      1,241       1,458       1,555       2,140       4,363       6,453       7,634       7,548
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................        528         623         740         881       1,486       2,004       2,694       3,360
  552 Health research and training......................        580         722         925         780         918       1,184       1,517       1,599
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......         89         106         123         130         138         163         179         203
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................      1,198       1,451       1,788       1,791       2,543       3,351       4,390       5,162
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         64       2,748       4,649       5,695
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance               661         632         682         668         736         731         944       1,035
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........      1,959       2,240       2,554       2,865       3,326       3,802       4,285       4,782
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................      3,809       3,344       3,178       2,577       2,215       2,263       2,527       2,577
  604 Housing assistance................................        165         179         150         231         238         271         312         383
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................        275         284         308         299         363         418         505         587
  609 Other income security.............................      2,338       2,633       2,785       2,828       2,799       2,776       3,243       3,712
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................      9,207       9,311       9,657       9,469       9,678      10,261      11,816      13,076
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................     14,365      15,788      16,620      17,460      20,694      21,725      23,854      27,298
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........        (94)        (94)       (414)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (14,365)    (15,788)    (16,620)    (17,460)    (20,694)    (21,631)    (23,760)    (26,885)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................      4,051       4,293       4,238       4,305       4,277       4,648       4,773       5,155
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...        167         111          88          69          68         320         491         716
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............      1,084       1,145       1,229       1,270       1,318       1,389       1,469       1,563
  704 Veterans housing..................................        268         -77          77          34         202         339         246         139
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............         50          42          43          38          50          39          53          59
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................      5,619       5,514       5,675       5,716       5,916       6,735       7,032       7,631
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 59]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1970        1971        1972        1973        1974        1975        1976         TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................      4,678       5,182       5,356       5,641       5,583       7,027       9,602       2,336
  402 Air transportation................................      1,408       1,807       1,907       2,159       2,216       2,387       2,531         578
  403 Water transportation..............................        895       1,027       1,094       1,211       1,316       1,430       1,542         415
  407 Other transportation..............................         26          37          36          56          57          74          65          28
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................      7,008       8,052       8,392       9,066       9,172      10,918      13,739       3,358
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      1,449       1,728       2,100       2,044       2,108       2,318       2,772         896
  452 Area and regional development.....................        685         835         928         981       1,339       1,607       2,149         563
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................        257         353         396       1,580         782         398         522         111
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............      2,392       2,917       3,423       4,605       4,229       4,322       5,442       1,569
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...      2,893       3,333       3,686       3,573       3,573       4,349       4,200       1,074
  502 Higher education..................................      1,387       1,435       1,448       1,534       1,451       2,182       2,813         744
  503 Research and general education aids...............        355         295         319         429         621         790         783         180
  504 Training and employment...........................      1,602       1,952       2,894       3,283       2,910       4,063       6,288       1,912
  505 Other labor services..............................        135         157         184         202         219         259         301          83
  506 Social services...................................      2,263       2,677       3,998       3,724       3,683       4,380       4,526       1,176
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..      8,634       9,849      12,529      12,745      12,457      16,022      18,910       5,169
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................      3,993       4,766       6,205       6,527       7,707       9,519      11,725       2,945
  552 Health research and training......................      1,688       1,801       2,085       2,423       2,497       2,779       3,323         811
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......        226         277         383         406         529         632         686         168
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................      5,907       6,843       8,674       9,356      10,733      12,930      15,734       3,924
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................      6,213       6,622       7,479       8,052       9,639      12,875      15,834       4,264
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             1,032       1,613       1,812       2,596       2,750       4,689       3,248       1,166
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........      5,545       6,585       7,684       8,902      10,783      13,238      15,484       4,269
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................      3,359       6,166       7,072       5,354       6,065      13,459      19,453       4,004
  604 Housing assistance................................        499         764       1,125       1,631       1,825       2,058       2,499         662
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................        960       2,179       3,218       3,641       4,433       6,643       7,959       1,824
  609 Other income security.............................      4,260       5,640       6,740       6,153       7,856      10,088      12,156       3,060
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................     15,655      22,946      27,650      28,276      33,713      50,176      60,799      14,985
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................     30,270      35,872      40,157      49,090      55,867      64,658      73,899      19,763
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................       (458)       (465)       (538)       (526)       (494)       (499)       (515)  ..........
    (Off-budget)........................................    (29,812)    (35,408)    (39,620)    (48,565)    (55,373)    (64,159)    (73,384)    (19,763)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................      5,683       6,115       6,511       6,708       6,983       8,103       8,572       2,137
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...      1,030       1,676       1,978       2,831       3,289       4,657       5,609         806
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............      1,800       2,036       2,425       2,698       2,978       3,627       4,042       1,037
  704 Veterans housing..................................         98        -133        -268        -322          44          91          -2         -32
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............         58          74          74          88          80         106         198          12
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................      8,669       9,768      10,720      12,003      13,374      16,584      18,419       3,960
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 60]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983        1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     10,226      10,431      12,662      15,274      17,074      14,321      14,265      16,158
  402 Air transportation................................      2,786       3,243       3,355       3,723       3,814       3,526       4,000       4,415
  403 Water transportation..............................      1,741       1,787       1,969       2,229       2,381       2,687       2,969       3,010
  407 Other transportation..............................         76          61          93         104         110          90          99          85
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     14,829      15,521      18,079      21,329      23,379      20,625      21,334      23,669
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      3,411       3,298       4,000       4,907       5,070       4,608       4,353       4,520
  452 Area and regional development.....................      2,961       5,672       4,868       4,303       3,818       3,841       3,212       3,034
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................        649       2,871       1,611       2,043       1,680        -102          -1         119
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............      7,021      11,841      10,480      11,252      10,568       8,347       7,564       7,673
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...      4,638       5,186       6,123       6,893       7,099       6,722       6,258       6,483
  502 Higher education..................................      3,200       3,710       5,030       6,723       8,767       7,116       7,184       7,318
  503 Research and general education aids...............        894       1,033       1,157       1,212       1,170       1,210       1,154       1,331
  504 Training and employment...........................      6,877      10,784      10,833      10,345       9,241       5,464       5,295       4,644
  505 Other labor services..............................        374         410         488         551         587         589         599         639
  506 Social services...................................      5,122       5,588       6,593       6,119       6,287       5,511       5,706       6,506
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     21,104      26,710      30,223      31,843      33,151      26,611      26,196      26,921
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................     13,031      13,928      15,988      18,003      21,205      21,786      23,008      24,522
  552 Health research and training......................      3,524       3,752       3,607       4,161       4,615       4,618       4,552       4,767
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......        747         844         899       1,006       1,047       1,041       1,081       1,129
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................     17,302      18,524      20,494      23,169      26,866      27,445      28,641      30,417
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................     19,345      22,768      26,495      32,090      39,149      46,567      52,588      57,540
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             3,558       3,365       4,373       5,083       5,439       5,571       5,581       5,441
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     17,735      19,853      22,676      26,611      31,296      34,345      36,530      38,080
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     15,315      11,847      10,813      18,051      19,656      23,728      31,464      18,421
  604 Housing assistance................................      2,968       3,677       4,367       5,632       7,752       8,738       9,998      11,270
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................      8,527       8,926      10,787      14,016      16,205      15,581      17,952      18,055
  609 Other income security.............................     12,957      13,837      13,361      17,163      19,951      20,192      21,506      22,085
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................     61,060      61,505      66,376      86,557     100,299     108,155     123,031     113,352
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................     85,061      93,861     104,073     118,547     139,584     155,964     170,724     178,223
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................       (717)       (741)       (757)       (675)       (670)       (844)    (19,993)     (7,056)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (84,344)    (93,120)   (103,316)   (117,872)   (138,914)   (155,120)   (150,731)   (171,167)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................      9,443       9,988      11,033      11,938      13,166      13,977      14,524      14,675
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...      3,800       3,460       2,850       2,436       2,353       2,047       1,730       1,464
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............      4,702       5,244       5,607       6,504       6,953       7,501       8,262       8,855
  704 Veterans housing..................................        -70         108         246          67         291         194          98         341
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        147         162         178         225         210         220         209         252
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     18,022      18,961      19,914      21,169      22,973      23,938      24,824      25,588
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 61]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     17,606      18,725      17,150      18,148      17,946      18,954      19,545      20,347
  402 Air transportation................................      4,895       5,287       5,520       5,897       6,622       7,234       8,184       9,313
  403 Water transportation..............................      3,201       3,964       3,461       3,111       2,916       3,151       3,148       3,429
  407 Other transportation..............................        137         140          91         116         124         146         223         244
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     25,838      28,117      26,222      27,272      27,608      29,485      31,099      33,332
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      4,598       4,095       3,680       3,449       3,693       3,530       3,543       3,643
  452 Area and regional development.....................      3,117       2,723       1,599       2,075       1,894       2,902       2,745       2,317
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................        -35         416        -229        -230        -226       2,100         525         881
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............      7,680       7,233       5,051       5,294       5,362       8,532       6,813       6,841
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...      7,598       7,802       7,869       8,377       9,150       9,918      11,372      12,402
  502 Higher education..................................      8,156       8,359       7,361       8,244      10,584      11,107      11,961      11,268
  503 Research and general education aids...............      1,229       1,266       1,360       1,370       1,509       1,577       1,773       1,996
  504 Training and employment...........................      4,972       5,257       5,084       5,215       5,292       5,619       5,934       6,479
  505 Other labor services..............................        678         672         675         739         786         810         788         884
  506 Social services...................................      5,961       6,421       6,574       6,988       8,010       8,145       9,406       9,714
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     28,593      29,777      28,922      30,933      35,330      37,176      41,234      42,743
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................     26,984      28,850      32,615      36,016      39,164      47,642      60,723      77,719
  552 Health research and training......................      5,376       5,921       6,156       7,186       7,870       8,611       8,899      10,021
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......      1,182       1,165       1,197       1,285       1,356       1,462       1,560       1,757
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................     33,542      35,936      39,967      44,487      48,390      57,716      71,183      89,497
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................     65,822      70,164      75,120      78,878      84,964      98,102     104,489     119,024
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             5,617       5,330       5,565       5,294       5,650       5,148       4,945       5,483
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     38,621      41,392      43,782      46,920      49,202      52,037      56,151      57,646
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     17,475      17,753      17,080      15,271      15,616      18,889      27,084      39,466
  604 Housing assistance................................     25,263      12,383      12,656      13,906      14,715      15,891      17,175      18,904
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................     18,540      18,602      18,940      20,083      21,192      23,964      28,481      32,622
  609 Other income security.............................     23,464      25,173      26,065      28,903      31,050      32,725      38,605      45,406
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................    128,979     120,633     124,088     130,377     137,426     148,655     172,441     199,527
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................    188,623     198,757     207,353     219,341     232,542     248,623     269,015     287,585
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (5,189)     (8,072)     (4,930)     (4,852)     (5,069)     (3,625)     (2,619)     (6,166)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (183,434)   (190,684)   (202,422)   (214,489)   (227,473)   (244,998)   (266,395)   (281,418)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................     14,996      15,309      15,258      16,263      16,852      15,566      17,325      17,691
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...      1,161         624         559         564         570         395         554         909
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............      9,541       9,856      10,246      10,829      11,329      12,107      12,873      14,064
  704 Veterans housing..................................        316         211         436       1,401         990         633         214         958
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        247         328         252         329         290         356         340         442
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     26,262      26,327      26,750      29,386      30,031      29,058      31,305      34,064
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 62]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     21,251      23,940      25,297      25,650      26,795      26,004      28,052      31,697
  402 Air transportation................................     10,049      10,146      10,020      10,135      10,138      10,622      10,720      10,571
  403 Water transportation..............................      3,423       3,648       3,732       3,460       3,554       3,518       3,546       4,394
  407 Other transportation..............................        281         333         301         320         280         199         215         192
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     35,004      38,066      39,350      39,565      40,767      40,343      42,533      46,854
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      3,681       4,133       4,744       4,860       4,962       5,118       5,116       5,480
  452 Area and regional development.....................      2,541       2,337       2,723       2,727       2,741       2,512       2,327       2,538
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................      2,928       4,156       3,282       3,158       3,352       2,146       4,427       2,611
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............      9,149      10,625      10,749      10,745      11,055       9,776      11,870      10,629
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...     13,481      14,258      14,694      14,871      15,073      16,606      17,589      20,578
  502 Higher education..................................     14,483       7,876      14,172      12,191      12,298      12,070      10,673      10,116
  503 Research and general education aids...............      2,040       2,086       2,120       2,215       2,136       2,271       2,318       2,532
  504 Training and employment...........................      6,700       7,097       7,430       7,030       6,681       6,636       6,781       6,772
  505 Other labor services..............................        948         958         965         925       1,009       1,036       1,078       1,199
  506 Social services...................................      9,724      11,001      11,639      11,078      11,764      11,884      12,152      12,557
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     47,376      43,277      51,020      48,310      48,961      50,503      50,591      53,754
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................     86,860      94,259     101,931     106,622     109,973     116,338     124,520     136,230
  552 Health research and training......................     10,794      11,000      11,569      10,827      11,847      13,073      14,383      15,979
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......      1,762       1,863       1,918       1,929       2,023       2,031       2,171       2,324
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................     99,415     107,122     115,418     119,378     123,843     131,442     141,074     154,533
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................    130,552     144,747     159,855     174,225     190,016     192,822     190,447     197,113
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             4,347       5,720       5,106       5,234       4,721       4,632       1,878       5,189
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     60,093      62,540      65,882      68,071      71,539      73,485      75,146      77,152
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     37,802      28,729      23,638      24,898      22,888      22,070      23,631      23,012
  604 Housing assistance................................     21,542      23,884      27,520      26,754      27,798      28,741      27,677      28,800
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................     35,148      36,773      37,594      37,933      36,061      33,585      33,147      32,483
  609 Other income security.............................     51,002      59,468      63,996      66,773      71,945      75,150      80,877      86,939
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................    209,934     217,114     223,736     229,663     234,952     237,663     242,356     253,575
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................    304,585     319,565     335,846     349,671     365,251     379,215     390,037     409,423
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (6,236)     (5,683)     (5,476)     (5,802)     (6,879)     (9,146)    (10,824)    (13,254)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (298,349)   (313,881)   (330,370)   (343,869)   (358,372)   (370,069)   (379,213)   (396,169)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................     18,179      20,058      19,447      18,700      20,913      21,818      22,694      25,461
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...        966       1,252       1,256       1,201       1,261       1,190       1,362       1,430
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............     14,778      15,639      16,353      16,563      17,065      17,451      18,140      19,477
  704 Veterans housing..................................      1,361         256         390         135        -327         853         580         364
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        386         380         445         387         401         469         436         351
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     35,671      37,584      37,890      36,985      39,313      41,781      43,212      47,083
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 63]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     35,804      40,158      37,813      38,855      40,003      40,606      41,613      43,167
  402 Air transportation................................     13,975      16,538      20,281      18,254      17,557      17,547      18,078      18,389
  403 Water transportation..............................      4,401       5,059       5,749       5,929       6,359       6,575       6,741       6,915
  407 Other transportation..............................        269         107         385         411         415         378         378         390
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     54,449      61,862      64,228      63,449      64,334      65,106      66,810      68,861
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      5,313       5,998       7,621       7,008       6,153       5,509       5,636       5,799
  452 Area and regional development.....................      2,759       2,633       2,841       2,779       2,684       2,562       2,584       2,633
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................      3,835       4,360       7,997       7,273       7,528       6,128       6,017       6,151
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............     11,907      12,991      18,459      17,060      16,365      14,199      14,237      14,583
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...     22,858      25,879      32,798      34,891      36,030      37,077      37,944      38,887
  502 Higher education..................................      9,568      17,049      22,918      20,860      20,432      20,427      20,684      21,089
  503 Research and general education aids...............      2,777       2,928       3,065       2,930       2,927       2,960       3,009       3,080
  504 Training and employment...........................      7,186       8,348       9,916       8,984       7,087       7,190       7,369       7,525
  505 Other labor services..............................      1,274       1,439       1,599       1,553       1,565       1,588       1,621       1,665
  506 Social services...................................     13,480      14,901      15,956      16,118      16,423      16,616      16,870      17,202
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     57,143      70,544      86,252      85,336      84,464      85,858      87,497      89,448
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................    151,911     172,598     196,054     216,471     235,696     259,167     278,996     301,224
  552 Health research and training......................     17,926      21,356      24,122      27,244      28,356      29,026      29,665      30,346
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......      2,433       2,591       2,892       2,864       2,915       2,984       3,041       3,113
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................    172,270     196,545     223,068     246,579     266,967     291,177     311,702     334,683
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................    217,384     230,855     244,667     258,878     275,869     304,893     327,410     349,396
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             5,761       5,741       6,589       6,848       6,913       7,304       7,383       7,666
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     80,972      83,361      86,342      88,787      92,260      95,650      99,129     102,529
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     30,242      53,267      56,313      43,130      42,112      43,028      45,179      47,443
  604 Housing assistance................................     30,091      33,061      34,199      35,463      36,794      37,820      38,447      38,302
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................     34,053      38,150      42,982      43,146      44,513      45,274      46,308      47,808
  609 Other income security.............................     88,496      98,931     103,695     107,588     118,343     120,295     120,246     125,396
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................    269,615     312,511     330,120     324,962     340,935     349,371     356,692     369,144
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................    432,958     456,413     478,471     497,299     515,973     537,557     563,238     591,828
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (11,701)    (13,988)    (13,067)    (14,032)    (14,441)    (15,371)    (16,672)    (18,184)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (421,257)   (442,425)   (465,404)   (483,267)   (501,532)   (522,186)   (546,566)   (573,644)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................     23,202      27,433      30,272      32,175      36,450      35,648      34,397      38,725
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...      1,371       1,884       2,477       2,625       2,773       2,834       2,899       3,021
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............     20,907      22,217      23,372      26,024      26,623      26,899      27,360      27,878
  704 Veterans housing..................................       -904        -959         277         464         467         492         517         541
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        463         409         672         734         705         738         760         779
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     45,039      50,984      57,070      62,022      67,018      66,611      65,933      70,944
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 64]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1962        1963        1964        1965        1966        1967        1968        1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................        269         288         306         333         355         389         409         470
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........        111         124         131         146         153         165         178         202
  753 Federal correctional activities...................         49          53          53          57          55          58          63          65
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          1           6           8          29
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................        429         465         489         535         563         618         659         766
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................        178         176         174         189         208         218         237         254
  802 Executive direction and management................         12          13          15          17          17          19          21          25
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................        492         542         607         636         671         725         745         790
  804 General property and records management...........        403         439         532         624         575         646         497         543
  805 Central personnel management......................         22          22          23          23          25          19          37          38
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................        212         232         241         238         268         305         339         430
  808 Other general government..........................         28          63         150          39          79         101         126          40
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -299        -257        -224        -266        -241        -314        -245        -181
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................      1,049       1,230       1,518       1,499       1,603       1,719       1,757       1,939
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......      9,120       9,895      10,666      11,346      12,014      13,391      14,573      16,588
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........       -824        -895      -1,006      -1,121      -1,259      -1,492      -1,689      -1,953
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......       -609        -582        -607        -648        -642        -792        -979      -1,149
  908 Other interest....................................       -797        -678        -855        -986        -727        -839        -816        -788
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................      6,889       7,740       8,199       8,591       9,386      10,268      11,090      12,699
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (7,498)     (8,322)     (8,805)     (9,239)    (10,028)    (11,060)    (12,069)    (13,848)
    (Off-budget)........................................      (-609)      (-582)      (-607)      (-648)      (-642)      (-792)      (-979)    (-1,149)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...     -5,042      -5,188      -5,413      -5,572      -5,957      -6,242      -6,639      -7,026
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..       -221        -242        -279        -282        -337        -415        -445        -532
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf        -12        -367         -16         -53        -248        -637        -961        -428
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............     -5,274      -5,797      -5,708      -5,908      -6,542      -7,294      -8,045      -7,986
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (-5,053)    (-5,555)    (-5,429)    (-5,626)    (-6,205)    (-6,879)    (-7,600)    (-7,454)
    (Off-budget)........................................      (-221)      (-242)      (-279)      (-282)      (-337)      (-415)      (-445)      (-532)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................    106,821     111,316     118,528     118,228     134,532     157,464     178,134     183,640
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (93,286)    (96,352)   (102,794)   (101,699)   (114,817)   (137,040)   (155,798)   (158,436)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (13,535)    (14,964)    (15,734)    (16,529)    (19,715)    (20,424)    (22,336)    (25,204)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 65]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1970        1971        1972        1973        1974        1975        1976         TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................        570         693         812         987       1,094       1,352       1,502         408
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........        245         287         347         390         426         550         697         213
  753 Federal correctional activities...................         79          94         115         140         179         200         208          57
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................         65         233         380         624         770         853         921         213
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................        959       1,306       1,653       2,141       2,470       2,955       3,328         891
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................        303         342         404         438         521         593         678         183
  802 Executive direction and management................         30          38          59          71         117          63          68          16
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................        914         991       1,155       1,182       1,299       1,888       1,507         364
  804 General property and records management...........        551         573         680         818         968         429          84          57
  805 Central personnel management......................         44          51          57          66          74          88         107          25
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................        535         535         672       7,350       6,888       7,184       7,232       3,173
  808 Other general government..........................        121         126         173         157         363         424         393         227
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -177        -214        -241        -309        -198        -261        -322        -150
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................      2,320       2,442       2,960       9,774      10,032      10,408       9,747       3,895
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......     19,304      20,959      21,849      24,167      29,319      32,665      37,076       8,104
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........     -2,367      -2,820      -2,983      -3,156      -4,064      -4,861      -4,988        -177
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......     -1,568      -1,942      -2,106      -2,280      -2,520      -2,803      -2,812         -93
  908 Other interest....................................       -989      -1,356      -1,282      -1,382      -1,286      -1,756      -2,549        -885
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................     14,380      14,841      15,478      17,349      21,449      23,244      26,727       6,949
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (15,948)    (16,783)    (17,584)    (19,629)    (23,969)    (26,047)    (29,539)     (7,042)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-1,568)    (-1,942)    (-2,106)    (-2,280)    (-2,520)    (-2,803)    (-2,812)       (-93)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...     -7,808      -8,417      -8,646      -8,759      -9,236     -10,258     -10,761      -2,646
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..       -637        -640        -657        -695        -764        -916        -963        -249
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf       -187      -1,051        -279      -3,956      -6,748      -2,428      -2,662      -1,311
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............     -8,632     -10,107      -9,583     -13,409     -16,749     -13,602     -14,386      -4,206
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (-7,995)    (-9,467)    (-8,926)   (-12,714)   (-15,985)   (-12,686)   (-13,423)    (-3,957)
    (Off-budget)........................................      (-637)      (-640)      (-657)      (-695)      (-764)      (-916)      (-963)      (-249)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................    195,649     210,172     230,681     245,707     269,359     332,332     371,792      95,975
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (168,042)   (177,346)   (193,824)   (200,118)   (217,270)   (271,892)   (302,183)    (76,555)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (27,607)    (32,826)    (36,857)    (45,589)    (52,089)    (60,440)    (69,609)    (19,421)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 66]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983        1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................      1,676       1,834       1,996       2,239       2,443       2,537       2,892       3,209
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........        842         943       1,130       1,347       1,491       1,517       1,627       1,825
  753 Federal correctional activities...................        240         307         337         342         361         364         418         494
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................        847         729         710         656         473         294         167         136
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................      3,605       3,813       4,173       4,584       4,769       4,712       5,105       5,663
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................        849         909         921       1,038       1,041       1,181       1,196       1,319
  802 Executive direction and management................         76          73          81          97         100          96          96          97
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      1,872       1,999       2,170       2,612       2,610       2,585       3,048       3,250
  804 General property and records management...........        175         304         299         327         144         238         196         201
  805 Central personnel management......................        100         129         127         154         159         136         115         139
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      9,569       8,442       8,369       8,582       6,854       6,390       6,452       6,768
  808 Other general government..........................        448         448         523         569         745         504         768         557
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -256        -289        -198        -351        -222        -216        -636        -513
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     12,833      12,015      12,293      13,028      11,429      10,914      11,235      11,817
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......     41,915      48,712      59,855      74,803      95,535     117,227     128,653     153,866
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........     -5,488      -6,128      -7,727      -9,707     -11,523     -13,995     -15,257     -17,044
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......     -2,650      -2,403      -2,224      -2,339      -2,288      -2,071      -1,845      -3,310
  908 Other interest....................................     -3,875      -4,724      -7,271     -10,224     -12,958     -16,129     -21,743     -22,410
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................     29,901      35,458      42,633      52,533      68,766      85,032      89,808     111,102
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (32,551)    (37,860)    (44,857)    (54,872)    (71,054)    (87,102)    (91,653)   (114,411)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-2,650)    (-2,403)    (-2,224)    (-2,339)    (-2,288)    (-2,071)    (-1,845)    (-3,310)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -11,528     -12,401     -13,095     -14,638     -16,473     -18,203     -21,706     -23,219
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..       -977      -1,060      -1,114      -1,204      -1,430      -1,646      -1,778      -2,044
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -2,374      -2,259      -3,267      -4,101     -10,138      -6,250     -10,491      -6,694
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -14,879     -15,720     -17,476     -19,942     -28,041     -26,099     -33,976     -31,957
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-13,902)   (-14,660)   (-16,362)   (-18,738)   (-26,611)   (-24,453)   (-32,198)   (-29,913)
    (Off-budget)........................................      (-977)    (-1,060)    (-1,114)    (-1,204)    (-1,430)    (-1,646)    (-1,778)    (-2,044)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................    409,218     458,746     504,028     590,941     678,241     745,743     808,364     851,853
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (328,502)   (369,089)   (404,051)   (476,613)   (543,044)   (594,339)   (661,256)   (686,040)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (80,716)    (89,657)    (99,978)   (114,329)   (135,196)   (151,404)   (147,108)   (165,813)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 67]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................      3,520       3,601       4,110       5,075       4,719       4,648       5,661       6,462
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........      2,064       2,176       2,482       2,880       3,255       3,577       4,352       5,054
  753 Federal correctional activities...................        537         614         711         930       1,044       1,291       1,600       2,114
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................        150         181         250         352         455         477         663         795
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................      6,270       6,572       7,553       9,236       9,474       9,993      12,276      14,426
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................      1,355       1,383       1,444       1,599       1,652       1,763       1,916       2,124
  802 Executive direction and management................        113         109         111         123         129         160         190         188
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      3,492       3,636       3,908       4,797       5,749       5,845       6,156       6,661
  804 General property and records management...........         96         475         146        -182        -396          31         657         692
  805 Central personnel management......................        164         126         143         113         139         184         141         214
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      6,353       6,431       1,621       1,816       2,061       2,161       2,100       1,865
  808 Other general government..........................        521         482         810       1,894         809         792       1,277       1,775
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -506         -78        -623        -694        -893        -361        -718        -480
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     11,588      12,564       7,560       9,465       9,249      10,575      11,719      13,039
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......    178,871     190,272     195,242     214,047     240,845     264,691     285,421     292,294
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........    -21,838     -26,628     -29,614     -34,406     -40,467     -46,321     -50,426     -54,193
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......     -4,118      -4,329      -5,290      -7,416     -11,395     -15,991     -20,222     -23,637
  908 Other interest....................................    -23,438     -23,298     -21,727     -20,422     -20,003     -18,032     -20,325     -15,120
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................    129,478     136,017     138,611     151,803     168,981     184,347     194,448     199,344
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (133,595)   (140,346)   (143,901)   (159,219)   (180,376)   (200,338)   (214,670)   (222,981)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-4,118)    (-4,329)    (-5,290)    (-7,416)   (-11,395)   (-15,991)   (-20,222)   (-23,637)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -24,648     -25,434     -27,259     -29,037     -29,425     -28,044     -30,402     -30,680
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..     -2,509      -2,857      -3,300      -4,382      -4,858      -5,567      -5,804      -6,101
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -5,542      -4,716      -4,021      -3,548      -2,929      -3,004      -3,150      -2,498
  954 Sale of major assets..............................  ..........  ..........     -1,875   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -32,698     -33,007     -36,455     -36,967     -37,212     -36,615     -39,356     -39,280
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-30,189)   (-30,150)   (-33,155)   (-32,585)   (-32,354)   (-31,048)   (-33,553)   (-33,179)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-2,509)    (-2,857)    (-3,300)    (-4,382)    (-4,858)    (-5,567)    (-5,804)    (-6,101)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................    946,396     990,430   1,004,082   1,064,455   1,143,646   1,253,165   1,324,369   1,381,655
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (769,589)   (806,932)   (810,249)   (861,763)   (932,735)  (1,028,099  (1,082,682  (1,129,316
                                                                                                                               )           )           )
    (Off-budget)........................................   (176,807)   (183,498)   (193,832)   (202,691)   (210,911)   (225,065)   (241,687)   (252,339)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 68]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................      6,674       6,624       6,384       7,022       8,153       9,998      11,005      11,617
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........      5,336       5,470       6,116       6,067       6,318       6,683       7,427       7,762
  753 Federal correctional activities...................      2,124       2,315       2,749       3,013       2,939       2,682       3,204       3,707
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................        822         859         998       1,494       2,833       3,575       4,446       4,909
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................     14,955      15,268      16,247      17,596      20,243      22,938      26,082      27,995
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................      2,124       2,042       1,995       1,965       1,925       2,007       2,093       2,222
  802 Executive direction and management................        197         232         217         204         223         272         446         456
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      7,052       7,422       7,936       7,481       7,418      10,112       9,479       8,345
  804 General property and records management...........      1,005         590         920         820       1,126       1,030         175         225
  805 Central personnel management......................        190         210         134         103         137         116         156         184
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      1,935       1,937       2,220       2,059       2,189       2,188       1,958       2,084
  808 Other general government..........................      1,321         987       1,622       1,018       1,300         984       2,264       2,241
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -739      -2,087      -1,077      -1,694      -1,497      -1,106        -972      -2,484
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     13,086      11,333      13,967      11,956      12,821      15,603      15,599      13,273
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......    292,479     296,253     332,379     343,918     355,764     363,759     353,463     361,925
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........    -55,537     -56,494     -59,871     -60,869     -63,776     -67,208     -66,520     -69,290
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......    -26,788     -29,203     -33,305     -36,507     -41,214     -46,630     -52,071     -59,796
  908 Other interest....................................    -11,442      -7,623      -7,069      -5,489      -6,790      -8,802      -5,116      -9,888
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................    198,713     202,932     232,134     241,053     243,984     241,119     229,756     222,951
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (225,501)   (232,135)   (265,439)   (277,560)   (285,198)   (287,749)   (281,827)   (282,747)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (-26,788)   (-29,203)   (-33,305)   (-36,507)   (-41,214)   (-46,630)   (-52,071)   (-59,796)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -28,186     -28,361     -27,961     -27,259     -27,773     -27,820     -28,209     -30,214
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..     -6,416      -6,409      -6,432      -6,278      -6,483      -7,052      -7,385      -7,637
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -2,785      -3,001      -2,418      -3,741      -4,711      -4,522      -3,098      -4,580
  954 Sale of major assets..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........     -5,158   ..........  ..........
  959 Other undistributed offsetting receipts...........  ..........  ..........     -7,644        -342     -11,006      -2,642      -1,753        -150
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -37,386     -37,772     -44,455     -37,620     -49,973     -47,194     -40,445     -42,581
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-30,970)   (-31,362)   (-38,023)   (-31,342)   (-43,490)   (-40,142)   (-33,060)   (-34,944)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-6,416)    (-6,409)    (-6,432)    (-6,278)    (-6,483)    (-7,052)    (-7,385)    (-7,637)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................  1,409,489   1,461,877   1,515,802   1,560,535   1,601,250   1,652,585   1,701,891   1,788,773
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................  (1,142,902  (1,182,505  (1,227,138  (1,259,631  (1,290,624  (1,335,981  (1,381,113  (1,458,008
                                                                   )           )           )           )           )           )           )           )
    (Off-budget)........................................   (266,587)   (279,372)   (288,664)   (300,904)   (310,626)   (316,604)   (320,778)   (330,765)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 69]]


                                          Table 3.2--OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................     12,000      14,663      15,269      16,033      16,431      16,756      17,002      17,292
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........      8,299       9,137       9,497      10,049      10,056      10,255      10,468      10,735
  753 Federal correctional activities...................      4,206       4,748       5,444       6,072       6,306       6,333       6,455       6,614
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................      5,155       5,768       5,932       7,259       6,127       6,114       4,022       4,055
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................     29,660      34,316      36,142      39,413      38,920      39,458      37,947      38,696
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................      2,311       2,637       3,242       3,518       3,422       3,487       3,563       3,642
  802 Executive direction and management................        457         639         579         650         665         682         695         711
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      9,206      10,269      10,418      11,304      11,582      11,875      12,130      12,432
  804 General property and records management...........        196         -10       1,195         807         839         752         749         713
  805 Central personnel management......................        184          47         212         711         724         738         753         774
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      2,308       2,404       2,462       2,330       3,576       2,345       2,419       2,355
  808 Other general government..........................      1,809       2,291       2,084       2,375       2,389       1,846       1,840       2,033
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................     -1,882        -892      -1,194      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     14,589      17,385      18,998      20,503      22,005      20,533      20,957      21,468
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......    359,476     332,537     328,316     352,335     392,932     427,628     459,169     491,641
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........    -75,302     -76,494     -73,925     -75,532     -78,192     -81,695     -85,468     -89,542
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......    -68,811     -76,820     -83,576     -88,698     -96,769    -106,122    -116,995    -129,253
  908 Other interest....................................     -9,195      -8,272      -8,808     -10,814     -12,950     -14,267     -15,847     -17,763
  909 Other investment income...........................  ..........  ..........       -566        -896        -996      -1,015      -1,015      -1,012
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................    206,168     170,951     161,441     176,395     204,025     224,529     239,844     254,071
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (274,979)   (247,771)   (245,017)   (265,093)   (300,794)   (330,651)   (356,839)   (383,324)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (-68,811)   (-76,820)   (-83,576)   (-88,698)   (-96,769)  (-106,122)  (-116,995)  (-129,253)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
920 Allowances:
  924 Spectrum relocation...............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........     -1,050        -850         500         600
  926 Adjustment to certain pass-through accounts.......  ..........  ..........       -368        -297        -293        -298        -305        -313
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Allowances.....................................  ..........  ..........       -368        -297      -1,343      -1,148         195         287
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -30,883     -33,489     -36,413     -39,456     -41,380     -43,545     -45,445     -47,332
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..     -7,910      -9,292      -9,493     -10,023     -10,794     -11,482     -12,159     -13,043
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -7,194      -5,024      -4,300      -3,989      -4,495      -5,155      -5,344      -5,196
  954 Sale of major assets..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........       -323   ..........  ..........  ..........
  959 Other undistributed offsetting receipts...........     -1,024          -1         -80        -200     -10,612      -8,127      -3,052      -2,902
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -47,011     -47,806     -50,286     -53,668     -67,604     -68,309     -66,000     -68,473
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-39,101)   (-38,514)   (-40,793)   (-43,645)   (-56,810)   (-56,827)   (-53,841)   (-55,430)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-7,910)    (-9,292)    (-9,493)   (-10,023)   (-10,794)   (-11,482)   (-12,159)   (-13,043)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...........................................  1,863,895   2,010,975   2,140,377   2,229,425   2,343,399   2,463,663   2,576,203   2,710,517
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................  (1,517,057  (1,655,313  (1,772,280  (1,847,924  (1,953,094  (2,060,069  (2,159,697  (2,280,416
                                                                   )           )           )           )           )           )           )           )
    (Off-budget)........................................   (346,838)   (355,662)   (368,097)   (381,501)   (390,305)   (403,594)   (416,506)   (430,101)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 70]]

 
                                                         Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1962         1963         1964         1965         1966         1967         1968         1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         196          192          199          212          234          252          269          289
The Judiciary...................................          57           62           66           75           80           88           94          110
Agriculture.....................................       6,437        7,414        7,569        6,940        5,633        5,952        7,430        8,446
Commerce........................................         215          354          702          736          485          477          582          607
Defense--Military...............................      50,111       51,147       52,585       48,780       56,629       70,069       80,355       80,771
Education.......................................         816          985          973        1,152        2,416        3,596        4,072        3,990
Energy..........................................       2,755        2,700        2,726        2,579        2,343        2,253        2,474        2,393
Health and Human Services.......................       3,529        4,110        4,610        4,700        5,715        9,639       13,074       15,411
Housing and Urban Development...................         826         -609           73          492        2,482        3,093        3,727          713
Interior........................................         606          730          755          745          866          863          973        1,073
Justice.........................................         299          322          342          399          380          416          441          513
Labor...........................................       3,914        3,523        3,454        3,121        3,239        3,562        4,180        4,161
State...........................................         457          572          455          552          629          655          645          631
Transportation..................................       4,138        4,441        5,086        5,587        5,550        5,738        6,100        6,272
Treasury........................................       8,560        9,645       10,391       10,901       11,880       12,871       14,437       16,641
Veterans Affairs................................       5,608        5,501        5,662        5,710        5,962        6,691        7,018        7,670
Corps of Engineers..............................         944        1,065        1,091        1,171        1,245        1,273        1,252        1,222
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................         956        1,077        1,287        1,465        1,681        1,937        2,206        2,557
Environmental Protection Agency.................          70           87          117          134          158          190          249          303
Executive Office of the President...............          12           13           15           16           16           19           21           24
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         134          187          228          205          105           70          199          249
General Services Administration.................         382          425          520          612          561          629          482          526
International Assistance Programs...............       3,171        3,169        3,226        3,248        3,260        3,375        2,814        2,803
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...       1,257        2,552        4,171        5,092        5,933        5,425        4,722        4,251
National Science Foundation.....................         183          206          310          309          368          415          449          490
Office of Personnel Management..................       1,017        1,175        1,304        1,454        1,726        1,934        2,154        2,284
Small Business Administration...................         230          142          133          243          210          151          284          110
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          94           94          414
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....      14,365       15,788       16,620       17,460       20,694       21,631       23,760       26,885
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       2,283        1,615        1,178        1,815        2,494        3,683        4,290        2,918
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............      -6,707       -7,274       -7,321       -7,677       -8,443       -9,578      -10,712      -11,087
  (On-budget)...................................     (-5,878)     (-6,450)     (-6,435)     (-6,746)     (-7,464)     (-8,371)     (-9,289)     (-9,407)
  (Off-budget)..................................       (-830)       (-824)       (-886)       (-931)       (-979)     (-1,207)     (-1,424)     (-1,681)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................     106,821      111,316      118,528      118,228      134,532      157,464      178,134      183,640
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 71]]


                                                   Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1970         1971         1972         1973         1974         1975         1976          TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         353          395          499          553          638          739          788          226
The Judiciary...................................         133          145          173          188          207          284          325           85
Agriculture.....................................       8,412        8,673       11,053       10,200       10,338       15,556       17,743        5,020
Commerce........................................         778          783          850          934          992        1,077        1,484          396
Defense--Military...............................      80,123       77,497       77,645       75,033       77,864       84,852       87,917       21,807
Education.......................................       4,594        5,099        5,537        5,709        5,747        7,331        7,897        2,035
Energy..........................................       2,393        2,200        2,299        2,304        2,233        3,230        3,841        1,048
Health and Human Services.......................      17,397       20,391       25,309       25,578       28,062       33,751       40,261       10,530
Housing and Urban Development...................       2,432        2,796        3,600        3,580        4,781        7,512        7,026        1,361
Interior........................................       1,087        1,345        1,609        1,780        1,854        2,221        2,433          855
Justice.........................................         641          919        1,182        1,598        1,877        2,164        2,341          607
Labor...........................................       4,976        8,456       10,426        9,561        9,964       18,578       26,524        6,109
State...........................................         661          680          747          807          955        1,075        1,393          407
Transportation..................................       6,724        7,656        7,932        8,616        8,574       10,073       12,723        3,189
Treasury........................................      19,276       20,716       21,861       30,563       35,770       42,414       44,061       10,434
Veterans Affairs................................       8,652        9,758       10,713       11,970       13,339       16,577       18,416        3,959
Corps of Engineers..............................       1,168        1,337        1,490        1,676        1,664        2,031        2,112          581
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................       2,974        3,510        4,002        4,505        5,216        6,319        7,358        1,958
Environmental Protection Agency.................         384          701          763        1,114        2,030        2,531        3,118        1,108
Executive Office of the President...............          29           38           47           50           67           93           80           16
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         191           11          169          518          225          346          486          117
General Services Administration.................         530          546          655          795          929          376           25           42
International Assistance Programs...............       2,655        2,888        2,980        2,317        3,029        3,665        3,742        1,329
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...       3,752        3,382        3,423        3,312        3,255        3,269        3,671          953
National Science Foundation.....................         464          522          567          585          647          662          733          207
Office of Personnel Management..................       2,652        3,167        3,776        4,607        5,708        7,062        8,323        2,354
Small Business Administration...................         253          333          452        1,317          753          666          624           94
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......         458          465          538          567        2,750        5,279        5,576        1,290
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....      29,812       35,408       39,620       48,565       55,373       64,159       73,384       19,763
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       4,263        5,223        5,436        5,654        7,849        9,708        9,576        2,570
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............     -12,567      -14,869      -14,672      -18,846      -23,333      -21,267      -22,186       -4,477
  (On-budget)...................................    (-10,362)    (-12,288)    (-11,909)    (-15,870)    (-20,048)    (-17,547)    (-18,411)     (-4,135)
  (Off-budget)..................................     (-2,205)     (-2,582)     (-2,763)     (-2,975)     (-3,284)     (-3,719)     (-3,775)       (-342)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................     195,649      210,172      230,681      245,707      269,359      332,332      371,792       95,975
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 72]]


                                                   Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983         1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         990        1,064        1,099        1,224        1,214        1,367        1,437        1,579
The Judiciary...................................         393          437          481          567          641          710          787          866
Agriculture.....................................      23,341       30,235       31,758       34,785       41,624       45,700       52,404       42,015
Commerce........................................       2,010        4,720        3,538        3,129        2,296        2,054        1,925        1,895
Defense--Military...............................      95,147      102,259      113,605      130,912      153,868      180,714      204,410      220,928
Education.......................................       8,717        9,828       12,167       14,612       16,973       14,707       14,433       15,424
Energy..........................................       5,049        6,413        7,441        7,261       11,757       11,657       10,590       10,991
Health and Human Services.......................      46,493       51,752       57,820       68,255       80,821       88,408       95,008      102,375
Housing and Urban Development...................       5,808        7,650        9,220       12,735       14,880       15,232       15,814       16,663
Interior........................................       3,220        3,874        4,168        4,472        4,456        3,944        4,552        4,943
Justice.........................................       2,463        2,523        2,658        2,775        2,829        2,742        2,978        3,329
Labor...........................................      23,225       23,694       23,448       30,542       30,911       31,479       38,683       25,348
State...........................................       1,449        1,658        1,987        2,382        2,347        2,684        2,793        2,988
Transportation..................................      13,137       14,075       16,079       19,802       22,775       20,007       20,643       23,030
Treasury........................................      48,803       54,798       64,656       76,430       92,479      110,232      116,271      140,908
Veterans Affairs................................      18,020       18,965       19,891       21,137       22,907       23,941       24,827       25,593
Corps of Engineers..............................       2,271        2,564        2,898        3,218        3,139        2,962        2,918        3,036
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................       8,251        9,203       10,315       11,961       13,788       14,997       16,004       16,536
Environmental Protection Agency.................       4,365        4,072        4,800        5,603        5,242        5,081        4,312        4,076
Executive Office of the President...............          74           75           81           96           96           95           94           96
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         519          771          743        1,234          773          395          709          834
General Services Administration.................         109          256          256          273          100          191          126          131
International Assistance Programs...............       3,616        5,123        3,757        7,747        8,127        7,922        7,878       10,835
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...       4,002        4,164        4,380        4,959        5,537        6,155        6,853        7,055
National Science Foundation.....................         753          803          870          912          976        1,099        1,055        1,198
Office of Personnel Management..................       9,633       10,962       12,663       15,056       18,096       19,983       21,278       22,590
Small Business Administration...................         758        2,820        1,699        2,026        2,032          773          661          510
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......       6,014        6,595        6,228        7,087        7,862        8,520       29,854       17,651
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....      84,344       93,120      103,316      117,872      138,914      155,120      150,731      171,167
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       9,260        8,525        9,434       13,866       12,633        9,035        9,412        9,590
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............     -23,018      -24,250      -27,428      -31,988      -41,852      -42,165      -51,078      -52,329
  (On-budget)...................................    (-19,390)    (-20,788)    (-24,089)    (-28,445)    (-38,134)    (-38,448)    (-47,455)    (-46,975)
  (Off-budget)..................................     (-3,627)     (-3,463)     (-3,338)     (-3,543)     (-3,718)     (-3,717)     (-3,623)     (-5,354)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................     409,218      458,746      504,028      590,941      678,241      745,743      808,364      851,853
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 73]]


                                                   Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       1,610        1,665        1,812        1,852        2,096        2,241        2,296        2,677
The Judiciary...................................         966        1,071        1,180        1,342        1,499        1,646        1,997        2,308
Agriculture.....................................      55,523       58,679       49,600       44,003       48,316       46,012       54,119       56,437
Commerce........................................       2,140        2,083        2,127        2,279        2,571        3,734        2,585        2,567
Defense--Military...............................     245,154      265,480      273,966      281,935      294,880      289,755      261,925      286,632
Education.......................................      16,596       17,577       16,670       18,145       21,468       22,972       25,196       25,832
Energy..........................................      10,587       11,026       10,693       11,166       11,387       12,084       12,479       15,523
Health and Human Services.......................     114,271      122,943      131,414      140,039      152,699      175,531      198,110      231,560
Housing and Urban Development...................      28,720       14,139       15,484       18,938       19,680       20,167       22,751       24,470
Interior........................................       4,820        4,785        5,046        5,143        5,207        5,825        6,090        6,541
Justice.........................................       3,740        3,920        4,496        5,620        6,449        6,740        8,519       10,109
Labor...........................................      24,738       24,934       24,208       22,662       23,442       26,087       34,790       47,889
State...........................................       3,310        3,595        3,574        4,221        4,577        4,802        5,153        5,943
Transportation..................................      25,020       27,378       25,424       26,404       26,607       28,650       30,511       32,490
Treasury........................................     164,785      179,207      180,070      202,173      230,322      254,906      276,031      292,650
Veterans Affairs................................      26,333       26,536       26,952       29,271       30,041       28,998       31,214       33,897
Corps of Engineers..............................       2,998        2,806        2,757        3,028        3,256        3,324        3,341        3,565
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................      15,809       17,483       17,963       19,040       20,231       21,692       23,245       24,747
Environmental Protection Agency.................       4,490        4,867        4,904        4,871        4,906        5,108        5,769        5,950
Executive Office of the President...............         111          108          110          122          124          158          193          186
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         660          992          544          551          531        2,183          870        1,406
General Services Administration.................           8          360           63         -281         -437          -93          527          529
International Assistance Programs...............      11,858       11,041       10,406        7,252        4,291       10,086       11,723       11,108
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...       7,251        7,403        7,591        9,092       11,036       12,429       13,878       13,961
National Science Foundation.....................       1,313        1,550        1,562        1,665        1,752        1,838        2,081        2,249
Office of Personnel Management..................      23,727       23,955       26,966       29,191       29,073       31,949       34,808       35,596
Small Business Administration...................         680          557          -65          -54           85          692          613          546
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......      16,793       19,316       16,524       18,113       18,709       17,276       19,008       24,943
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....     183,434      190,684      202,422      214,489      227,473      244,998      266,395      281,418
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       7,606        9,326       11,876       20,971       30,758       68,679       76,839       14,375
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........        -310        1,626        1,317          659
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............     -58,656      -65,036      -72,262      -78,789      -89,074      -98,930     -110,005     -117,111
  (On-budget)...................................    (-52,029)    (-57,850)    (-63,672)    (-66,992)    (-72,822)    (-77,371)    (-83,979)    (-87,372)
  (Off-budget)..................................     (-6,627)     (-7,186)     (-8,590)    (-11,798)    (-16,252)    (-21,558)    (-26,026)    (-29,739)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................     946,396      990,430    1,004,082    1,064,455    1,143,646    1,253,165    1,324,369    1,381,655
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 74]]


                                                   Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       2,406        2,552        2,625        2,273        2,363        2,600        2,609        2,911
The Judiciary...................................       2,628        2,677        2,903        3,059        3,259        3,467        3,790        4,086
Agriculture.....................................      63,144       60,753       56,665       54,352       52,547       53,947       62,834       75,663
Commerce........................................       2,798        2,915        3,401        3,702        3,783        4,046        5,036        7,807
Defense--Military...............................     278,574      268,646      259,556      253,253      258,322      256,122      261,380      281,223
Education.......................................      30,109       24,557       31,205       29,727       30,009       31,498       31,326       33,900
Energy..........................................      16,942       17,839       17,617       16,203       14,467       14,438       16,048       15,010
Health and Human Services.......................     253,835      278,901      303,081      319,803      339,535      350,570      359,702      382,626
Housing and Urban Development...................      25,181       25,845       29,044       25,236       27,527       30,227       32,734       30,828
Interior........................................       6,881        7,071        7,486        6,785        6,770        7,274        7,815        8,029
Justice.........................................      10,514       10,355       11,142       12,366       14,738       16,595       18,823       20,064
Labor...........................................      45,452       37,819       32,808       33,163       31,088       30,599       33,015       31,876
State...........................................       6,412        6,798        6,267        5,739        6,033        5,382        6,456        6,850
Transportation..................................      34,457       37,228       38,777       38,780       39,832       39,474       41,831       45,965
Treasury........................................     298,437      307,202      348,190      364,180      378,882      389,642      386,150      390,677
Veterans Affairs................................      35,487       37,401       37,771       36,920       39,280       41,773       43,168       47,087
Corps of Engineers..............................       3,354        3,483        3,745        3,627        3,598        3,845        4,191        4,333
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................      25,961       26,971       27,977       28,952       30,282       31,216       32,014       32,864
Environmental Protection Agency.................       5,930        5,855        6,351        6,046        6,164        6,284        6,750        7,238
Executive Office of the President...............         194          231          215          202          221          237          417          283
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       3,253        4,154        3,136        3,102        3,326        2,096        4,039        3,142
General Services Administration.................         825          448          831          732        1,084        1,091          -46           28
International Assistance Programs...............      11,526       10,498       11,129        9,665       10,126        8,974       10,059       12,093
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,305       13,695       13,378       13,881       14,360       14,206       13,664       13,442
National Science Foundation.....................       2,452        2,642        2,845        3,012        3,130        3,188        3,283        3,487
Office of Personnel Management..................      36,794       38,596       41,276       42,870       45,404       46,305       47,515       48,660
Small Business Administration...................         785          779          677          873          333          -77           57         -421
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......      28,143       31,164       31,037       30,694       34,309       37,542       40,021       45,121
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....     298,349      313,881      330,370      343,869      358,372      370,069      379,213      396,169
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........     -17,370        3,286       -6,102        2,646       -2,876       10,773        6,013        8,722
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........       1,441        1,103       -1,969         -180          -49          217        1,021        2,029
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............    -119,711     -123,469     -137,632     -134,997     -154,969     -161,035     -159,037     -173,019
  (On-budget)...................................    (-86,507)    (-87,857)    (-97,895)    (-92,212)   (-107,272)   (-107,353)    (-99,581)   (-105,586)
  (Off-budget)..................................    (-33,203)    (-35,612)    (-39,737)    (-42,785)    (-47,697)    (-53,682)    (-59,456)    (-67,433)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................   1,409,489    1,461,877    1,515,802    1,560,535    1,601,250    1,652,585    1,701,891    1,788,773
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 75]]


                                                   Table 4.1--OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
            Department or other unit                  2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       3,034        3,218        3,961        4,336        4,172        4,254        4,352        4,446
The Judiciary...................................       4,405        4,823        5,419        5,663        5,723        5,860        5,988        6,153
Agriculture.....................................      68,144       68,731       72,773       74,124       79,616       80,354       80,751       81,025
Commerce........................................       5,015        5,314        5,790        5,778        5,933        5,879        6,004        6,385
Defense--Military...............................     291,015      331,951      358,155      370,707      389,579      402,724      416,281      441,098
Education.......................................      35,721       46,282       59,481       58,891       62,990       66,974       68,379       69,959
Energy..........................................      16,420       17,681       19,796       21,030       22,023       22,347       22,016       21,681
Health and Human Services.......................     426,392      465,812      502,013      539,015      568,204      613,676      655,354      698,420
Homeland Security...............................  ...........      17,476       28,155       27,942       28,687       27,913       28,021       28,502
Housing and Urban Development...................      33,939       31,885       37,987       36,486       36,551       37,189       37,751       37,283
Interior........................................       7,993        9,739       10,357       10,722       11,917       10,976       11,191       11,418
Justice.........................................      21,433       21,112       22,156       24,271       23,483       23,453       21,673       22,128
Labor...........................................      39,755       64,704       70,746       58,118       52,762       53,798       56,280       58,747
State...........................................       7,444        9,453       10,977       10,205       10,545       10,676       10,923       11,212
Transportation..................................      54,081       56,104       52,280       53,680       54,815       55,357       56,847       58,679
Treasury........................................     389,300      370,558      368,803      391,968      442,337      484,836      518,560      552,786
Veterans Affairs................................      45,050       50,884       56,946       61,889       66,877       66,463       65,782       70,790
Corps of Engineers..............................       4,726        4,797        4,146        4,117        4,080        4,163        4,244        4,345
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................      34,164       35,157       40,148       40,442       40,600       40,699       40,716       40,633
Environmental Protection Agency.................       7,391        7,450        7,958        8,270        8,263        8,199        8,161        8,327
Executive Office of the President...............         246          451          334          341          345          353          361          369
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       4,413   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
General Services Administration.................          -8         -677          424           80           90           -8          -30          -85
International Assistance Programs...............      11,777       13,342       13,020       15,235       15,585       16,879       18,053       19,109
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,095       14,430       14,599       15,255       15,854       16,511       16,954       17,531
National Science Foundation.....................       3,690        4,188        4,853        5,092        5,370        5,543        5,727        5,827
Office of Personnel Management..................      50,914       52,512       55,793       58,475       61,575       64,582       67,672       70,965
Small Business Administration...................        -570          493        1,553          770          795          813          833          855
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......      40,007       45,816       44,506       47,498       54,146       53,657       53,114       59,114
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....     421,257      442,425      465,404      483,267      501,532      522,186      546,566      573,644
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........      11,475       16,636       14,994       17,228       16,752       15,849       17,083       17,629
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........       2,302         -651       -4,238       -3,045       -3,664         -988         -906       -1,247
Allowances......................................  ...........  ...........      -1,125         -527       -1,573       -1,378          -35           57
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............    -191,125     -201,121     -207,787     -217,898     -242,565     -256,126     -268,463     -287,268
  (On-budget)...................................   (-114,404)   (-115,009)   (-114,718)   (-119,177)   (-135,002)   (-138,522)   (-139,309)   (-144,972)
  (Off-budget)..................................    (-76,721)    (-86,112)    (-93,069)    (-98,721)   (-107,563)   (-117,604)   (-129,154)   (-142,296)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.............................   1,863,895    2,010,975    2,140,377    2,229,425    2,343,399    2,463,663    2,576,203    2,710,517
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 76]]

 
                                           Table 4.2--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Department or other unit              1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch........................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
The Judiciary.............................       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1
Agriculture...............................       6.0        6.7        6.4        5.9        4.2        3.8        4.2        4.6        4.3        4.1
Commerce..................................       0.2        0.3        0.6        0.6        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.4        0.4
Defense--Military.........................      46.9       45.9       44.4       41.3       42.1       44.5       45.1       44.0       41.0       36.9
Education.................................       0.8        0.9        0.8        1.0        1.8        2.3        2.3        2.2        2.3        2.4
Energy....................................       2.6        2.4        2.3        2.2        1.7        1.4        1.4        1.3        1.2        1.0
Health and Human Services.................       3.3        3.7        3.9        4.0        4.2        6.1        7.3        8.4        8.9        9.7
Housing and Urban Development.............       0.8       -0.5        0.1        0.4        1.8        2.0        2.1        0.4        1.2        1.3
Interior..................................       0.6        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.5        0.5        0.6        0.6        0.6
Justice...................................       0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.3        0.3        0.4
Labor.....................................       3.7        3.2        2.9        2.6        2.4        2.3        2.3        2.3        2.5        4.0
State.....................................       0.4        0.5        0.4        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3
Transportation............................       3.9        4.0        4.3        4.7        4.1        3.6        3.4        3.4        3.4        3.6
Treasury..................................       8.0        8.7        8.8        9.2        8.8        8.2        8.1        9.1        9.9        9.9
Veterans Affairs..........................       5.2        4.9        4.8        4.8        4.4        4.2        3.9        4.2        4.4        4.6
Corps of Engineers........................       0.9        1.0        0.9        1.0        0.9        0.8        0.7        0.7        0.6        0.6
Other Defense--Civil Programs.............       0.9        1.0        1.1        1.2        1.2        1.2        1.2        1.4        1.5        1.7
Environmental Protection Agency...........       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.2        0.3
Executive Office of the President.........         *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.......       0.1        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.1          *        0.1        0.1        0.1          *
General Services Administration...........       0.4        0.4        0.4        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3
International Assistance Programs.........       3.0        2.8        2.7        2.7        2.4        2.1        1.6        1.5        1.4        1.4
National Aeronautics and Space                   1.2        2.3        3.5        4.3        4.4        3.4        2.7        2.3        1.9        1.6
 Administration...........................
National Science Foundation...............       0.2        0.2        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.2
Office of Personnel Management............       1.0        1.1        1.1        1.2        1.3        1.2        1.2        1.2        1.4        1.5
Small Business Administration.............       0.2        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.2        0.1        0.2        0.1        0.1        0.2
Social Security Administration (On-budget)  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........       0.1        0.1        0.2        0.2        0.2
Social Security Administration (Off-            13.4       14.2       14.0       14.8       15.4       13.7       13.3       14.6       15.2       16.8
 budget)..................................
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)....       2.1        1.5        1.0        1.5        1.9        2.3        2.4        1.6        2.2        2.5
Undistributed offsetting receipts.........      -6.3       -6.5       -6.2       -6.5       -6.3       -6.1       -6.0       -6.0       -6.4       -7.1
  (On-budget).............................     (-5.5)     (-5.8)     (-5.4)     (-5.7)     (-5.5)     (-5.3)     (-5.2)     (-5.1)     (-5.3)     (-5.8)
  (Off-budget)............................     (-0.8)     (-0.7)     (-0.7)     (-0.8)     (-0.7)     (-0.8)     (-0.8)     (-0.9)     (-1.1)     (-1.2)
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.......................     100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 77]]


                                      Table 4.2--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Department or other unit              1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978       1979       1980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch........................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
The Judiciary.............................       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1
Agriculture...............................       4.8        4.2        3.8        4.7        4.8        5.2        5.7        6.6        6.3        5.9
Commerce..................................       0.4        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.4        0.4        0.5        1.0        0.7        0.5
Defense--Military.........................      33.7       30.5       28.9       25.5       23.6       22.7       23.3       22.3       22.5       22.2
Education.................................       2.4        2.3        2.1        2.2        2.1        2.1        2.1        2.1        2.4        2.5
Energy....................................       1.0        0.9        0.8        1.0        1.0        1.1        1.2        1.4        1.5        1.2
Health and Human Services.................      11.0       10.4       10.4       10.2       10.8       11.0       11.4       11.3       11.5       11.6
Housing and Urban Development.............       1.6        1.5        1.8        2.3        1.9        1.4        1.4        1.7        1.8        2.2
Interior..................................       0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.9        0.8        0.8        0.8        0.8
Justice...................................       0.5        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.5        0.5        0.5
Labor.....................................       4.5        3.9        3.7        5.6        7.1        6.4        5.7        5.2        4.7        5.2
State.....................................       0.3        0.3        0.4        0.3        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4
Transportation............................       3.4        3.5        3.2        3.0        3.4        3.3        3.2        3.1        3.2        3.4
Treasury..................................       9.5       12.4       13.3       12.8       11.9       10.9       11.9       11.9       12.8       12.9
Veterans Affairs..........................       4.6        4.9        5.0        5.0        5.0        4.1        4.4        4.1        3.9        3.6
Corps of Engineers........................       0.6        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.5
Other Defense--Civil Programs.............       1.7        1.8        1.9        1.9        2.0        2.0        2.0        2.0        2.0        2.0
Environmental Protection Agency...........       0.3        0.5        0.8        0.8        0.8        1.2        1.1        0.9        1.0        0.9
Executive Office of the President.........         *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.......       0.1        0.2        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.1        0.2
General Services Administration...........       0.3        0.3        0.3        0.1          *          *          *        0.1        0.1          *
International Assistance Programs.........       1.3        0.9        1.1        1.1        1.0        1.4        0.9        1.1        0.7        1.3
National Aeronautics and Space                   1.5        1.3        1.2        1.0        1.0        1.0        1.0        0.9        0.9        0.8
 Administration...........................
National Science Foundation...............       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Office of Personnel Management............       1.6        1.9        2.1        2.1        2.2        2.5        2.4        2.4        2.5        2.5
Small Business Administration.............       0.2        0.5        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.1        0.2        0.6        0.3        0.3
Social Security Administration (On-budget)       0.2        0.2        1.0        1.6        1.5        1.3        1.5        1.4        1.2        1.2
Social Security Administration (Off-            17.2       19.8       20.6       19.3       19.7       20.6       20.6       20.3       20.5       19.9
 budget)..................................
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)....       2.4        2.3        2.9        2.9        2.6        2.7        2.3        1.9        1.9        2.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts.........      -6.4       -7.7       -8.7       -6.4       -6.0       -4.7       -5.6       -5.3       -5.4       -5.4
  (On-budget).............................     (-5.2)     (-6.5)     (-7.4)     (-5.3)     (-5.0)     (-4.3)     (-4.7)     (-4.5)     (-4.8)     (-4.8)
  (Off-budget)............................     (-1.2)     (-1.2)     (-1.2)     (-1.1)     (-1.0)     (-0.4)     (-0.9)     (-0.8)     (-0.7)     (-0.6)
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.......................     100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 78]]


                                      Table 4.2--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Department or other unit              1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch........................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
The Judiciary.............................       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1
Agriculture...............................       6.1        6.1        6.5        4.9        5.9        5.9        4.9        4.1        4.2        3.7
Commerce..................................       0.3        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.3
Defense--Military.........................      22.7       24.2       25.3       25.9       25.9       26.8       27.3       26.5       25.8       23.1
Education.................................       2.5        2.0        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.7        1.7        1.9        1.8
Energy....................................       1.7        1.6        1.3        1.3        1.1        1.1        1.1        1.0        1.0        1.0
Health and Human Services.................      11.9       11.9       11.8       12.0       12.1       12.4       13.1       13.2       13.4       14.0
Housing and Urban Development.............       2.2        2.0        2.0        2.0        3.0        1.4        1.5        1.8        1.7        1.6
Interior..................................       0.7        0.5        0.6        0.6        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5
Justice...................................       0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.5        0.6        0.5
Labor.....................................       4.6        4.2        4.8        3.0        2.6        2.5        2.4        2.1        2.0        2.1
State.....................................       0.3        0.4        0.3        0.4        0.3        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4
Transportation............................       3.4        2.7        2.6        2.7        2.6        2.8        2.5        2.5        2.3        2.3
Treasury..................................      13.6       14.8       14.4       16.5       17.4       18.1       17.9       19.0       20.1       20.3
Veterans Affairs..........................       3.4        3.2        3.1        3.0        2.8        2.7        2.7        2.7        2.6        2.3
Corps of Engineers........................       0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3
Other Defense--Civil Programs.............       2.0        2.0        2.0        1.9        1.7        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.7
Environmental Protection Agency...........       0.8        0.7        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4
Executive Office of the President.........         *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.......       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1          *        0.2
General Services Administration...........         *          *          *          *          *          *          *         -*         -*         -*
International Assistance Programs.........       1.2        1.1        1.0        1.3        1.3        1.1        1.0        0.7        0.4        0.8
National Aeronautics and Space                   0.8        0.8        0.8        0.8        0.8        0.7        0.8        0.9        1.0        1.0
 Administration...........................
National Science Foundation...............       0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.1
Office of Personnel Management............       2.7        2.7        2.6        2.7        2.5        2.4        2.7        2.7        2.5        2.5
Small Business Administration.............       0.3        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1         -*         -*          *        0.1
Social Security Administration (On-budget)       1.2        1.1        3.7        2.1        1.8        2.0        1.6        1.7        1.6        1.4
Social Security Administration (Off-            20.5       20.8       18.6       20.1       19.4       19.3       20.2       20.2       19.9       19.6
 budget)..................................
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)....       1.9        1.2        1.2        1.1        0.8        0.9        1.2        2.0        2.7        5.5
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget)...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        -*        0.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts.........      -6.2       -5.7       -6.3       -6.1       -6.2       -6.6       -7.2       -7.4       -7.8       -7.9
  (On-budget).............................     (-5.6)     (-5.2)     (-5.9)     (-5.5)     (-5.5)     (-5.8)     (-6.3)     (-6.3)     (-6.4)     (-6.2)
  (Off-budget)............................     (-0.5)     (-0.5)     (-0.4)     (-0.6)     (-0.7)     (-0.7)     (-0.9)     (-1.1)     (-1.4)     (-1.7)
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays.......................     100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 79]]


                                      Table 4.2--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Department or other unit                   1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch...................................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.2
The Judiciary........................................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Agriculture..........................................       4.1        4.1        4.5        4.2        3.7        3.5        3.3        3.3        3.7
Commerce.............................................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.3
Defense--Military....................................      19.8       20.7       19.8       18.4       17.1       16.2       16.1       15.5       15.4
Education............................................       1.9        1.9        2.1        1.7        2.1        1.9        1.9        1.9        1.8
Energy...............................................       0.9        1.1        1.2        1.2        1.2        1.0        0.9        0.9        0.9
Health and Human Services............................      15.0       16.8       18.0       19.1       20.0       20.5       21.2       21.2       21.1
Housing and Urban Development........................       1.7        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.9        1.6        1.7        1.8        1.9
Interior.............................................       0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.5
Justice..............................................       0.6        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.8        0.9        1.0        1.1
Labor................................................       2.6        3.5        3.2        2.6        2.2        2.1        1.9        1.9        1.9
State................................................       0.4        0.4        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.4
Transportation.......................................       2.3        2.4        2.4        2.5        2.6        2.5        2.5        2.4        2.5
Treasury.............................................      20.8       21.2       21.2       21.0       23.0       23.3       23.7       23.6       22.7
Veterans Affairs.....................................       2.4        2.5        2.5        2.6        2.5        2.4        2.5        2.5        2.5
Corps of Engineers...................................       0.3        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Other Defense--Civil Programs........................       1.8        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.8        1.9        1.9        1.9        1.9
Environmental Protection Agency......................       0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4
Executive Office of the President....................         *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
Federal Emergency Management Agency..................       0.1        0.1        0.2        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.1        0.2
General Services Administration......................         *          *        0.1          *        0.1          *        0.1        0.1         -*
International Assistance Programs....................       0.9        0.8        0.8        0.7        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.5        0.6
National Aeronautics and Space Administration........       1.0        1.0        1.0        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.8
National Science Foundation..........................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Office of Personnel Management.......................       2.6        2.6        2.6        2.6        2.7        2.7        2.8        2.8        2.8
Small Business Administration........................         *          *        0.1        0.1          *        0.1          *         -*          *
Social Security Administration (On-budget)...........       1.4        1.8        2.0        2.1        2.0        2.0        2.1        2.3        2.4
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)..........      20.1       20.4       21.2       21.5       21.8       22.0       22.4       22.4       22.3
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)...............       5.8        1.0       -1.2        0.2       -0.4        0.2       -0.2        0.7        0.4
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget)..............       0.1          *        0.1        0.1       -0.1         -*         -*          *        0.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts....................      -8.3       -8.5       -8.5       -8.4       -9.1       -8.7       -9.7       -9.7       -9.3
  (On-budget)........................................     (-6.3)     (-6.3)     (-6.1)     (-6.0)     (-6.5)     (-5.9)     (-6.7)     (-6.5)     (-5.9)
  (Off-budget).......................................     (-2.0)     (-2.2)     (-2.4)     (-2.4)     (-2.6)     (-2.7)     (-3.0)     (-3.2)     (-3.5)
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays..................................     100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 80]]


                                      Table 4.2--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY AGENCY: 1962-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
               Department or other unit                   2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch...................................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
The Judiciary........................................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Agriculture..........................................       4.2        3.7        3.4        3.4        3.3        3.4        3.3        3.1        3.0
Commerce.............................................       0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2
Defense--Military....................................      15.7       15.6       16.5       16.7       16.6       16.6       16.3       16.2       16.3
Education............................................       1.9        1.9        2.3        2.8        2.6        2.7        2.7        2.7        2.6
Energy...............................................       0.8        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.9        0.8
Health and Human Services............................      21.4       22.9       23.2       23.5       24.2       24.2       24.9       25.4       25.8
Homeland Security....................................  .........  .........       0.9        1.3        1.3        1.2        1.1        1.1        1.1
Housing and Urban Development........................       1.7        1.8        1.6        1.8        1.6        1.6        1.5        1.5        1.4
Interior.............................................       0.4        0.4        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4
Justice..............................................       1.1        1.1        1.0        1.0        1.1        1.0        1.0        0.8        0.8
Labor................................................       1.8        2.1        3.2        3.3        2.6        2.3        2.2        2.2        2.2
State................................................       0.4        0.4        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4
Transportation.......................................       2.6        2.9        2.8        2.4        2.4        2.3        2.2        2.2        2.2
Treasury.............................................      21.8       20.9       18.4       17.2       17.6       18.9       19.7       20.1       20.4
Veterans Affairs.....................................       2.6        2.4        2.5        2.7        2.8        2.9        2.7        2.6        2.6
Corps of Engineers...................................       0.2        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Other Defense--Civil Programs........................       1.8        1.8        1.7        1.9        1.8        1.7        1.7        1.6        1.5
Environmental Protection Agency......................       0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.3
Executive Office of the President....................         *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
Federal Emergency Management Agency..................       0.2        0.2   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
General Services Administration......................         *         -*         -*          *          *          *         -*         -*         -*
International Assistance Programs....................       0.7        0.6        0.7        0.6        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7
National Aeronautics and Space Administration........       0.8        0.8        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.7        0.6
National Science Foundation..........................       0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2        0.2
Office of Personnel Management.......................       2.7        2.7        2.6        2.6        2.6        2.6        2.6        2.6        2.6
Small Business Administration........................        -*         -*          *        0.1          *          *          *          *          *
Social Security Administration (On-budget)...........       2.5        2.1        2.3        2.1        2.1        2.3        2.2        2.1        2.2
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)..........      22.1       22.6       22.0       21.7       21.7       21.4       21.2       21.2       21.2
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)...............       0.5        0.6        0.8        0.7        0.8        0.7        0.6        0.7        0.7
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget)..............       0.1        0.1         -*       -0.2       -0.1       -0.2         -*         -*         -*
Allowances...........................................  .........  .........  .........      -0.1         -*       -0.1       -0.1         -*          *
Undistributed offsetting receipts....................      -9.7      -10.3      -10.0       -9.7       -9.8      -10.4      -10.4      -10.4      -10.6
  (On-budget)........................................     (-5.9)     (-6.1)     (-5.7)     (-5.4)     (-5.3)     (-5.8)     (-5.6)     (-5.4)     (-5.3)
  (Off-budget).......................................     (-3.8)     (-4.1)     (-4.3)     (-4.3)     (-4.4)     (-4.6)     (-4.8)     (-5.0)     (-5.2)
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays..................................     100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.



[[Page 81]]

 
                                           Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1976         TQ         1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel......................     32,912       8,495      34,075      35,724      37,641      41,069      48,462      55,704      61,050
    Operation and Maintenance...............     28,731       7,591      32,108      34,734      38,042      46,386      55,489      62,487      66,562
    Procurement.............................     20,991       4,135      27,922      29,529      31,428      35,283      48,025      64,462      80,355
    Research, Development, Test, and              9,451       2,406      10,439      11,371      12,437      13,561      16,609      20,060      22,798
     Evaluation.............................
    Military Construction...................      2,360          76       2,204       1,641       2,319       2,293       3,380       4,916       4,512
    Family Housing..........................      1,229         278       1,258       1,346       1,563       1,526       2,004       2,203       2,712
    Other...................................       -170         -55         -99         186         166         533       2,141       1,680         912

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--          95,503      22,925     107,906     114,531     123,595     140,651     176,110     211,513     238,900
   Military.................................
  053 Atomic energy defense activities......      1,682         459       2,089       2,514       2,668       2,991       3,651       4,737       5,718
  054 Defense-related activities............        146          31         156         182         204         217         241         297         425
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...................     97,331      23,416     110,150     117,227     126,467     143,859     180,001     216,547     245,043
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and               3,076         319       3,550       4,183       5,084       5,264       4,420       4,474       4,711
   humanitarian assistance..................
  152 International security assistance.....      3,712         589       3,954       4,577       5,772       5,066       5,068       6,863       8,142
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs............        782         362       1,054       1,241       1,318       1,343       1,465       1,688       1,830
  154 Foreign information and exchange              423         103         400         451         506         518         555         587         688
   activities...............................
  155 International financial programs......      6,063      -1,043        -744       1,124      -2,298       5,761      15,844       4,612      -4,632
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..............     14,057         331       8,214      11,575      10,382      17,952      27,352      18,224      10,739
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research....      1,039         246       1,136       1,275       1,347       1,461       1,535       1,535       1,638
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting      3,227         850       3,498       3,807       4,223       4,790       5,108       5,684       6,517
   activities...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and               4,266       1,095       4,634       5,081       5,571       6,251       6,643       7,219       8,155
   technology...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.........................     14,008         993       4,934       6,123       5,448      40,640       7,165       7,856       7,046
  272 Energy conservation...................         79          39         242         527         611         738         700         168         449
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.........        431          48         445       3,175       3,008      -2,000       2,791       3,875       2,316
  276 Energy information, policy, and               651         179         711         842         777         943       1,098         871         872
   regulation...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.............................     15,169       1,259       6,332      10,666       9,844      40,320      11,754      12,770      10,683
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources.......................      3,036       1,079       3,635       3,781       3,577       4,085       4,079       3,913       4,608
  302 Conservation and land management......        714         137       1,051       1,742       1,504       1,572       1,631       1,154       2,199
  303 Recreational resources................        706         146       1,032       1,546       1,507       1,373         986         968       1,265
  304 Pollution control and abatement.......        684         168       2,691       5,376       5,306       4,672       2,982       3,645       3,677
  306 Other natural resources...............        916         243       1,080       1,206       1,357       1,395       1,494       1,583       1,547
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..      6,055       1,773       9,489      13,651      13,251      13,096      11,171      11,263      13,297
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.............      3,833         463       2,601       4,977      13,294       8,894      11,864      22,571      33,490
  352 Agricultural research and services....        991         245       1,084       1,221       1,400       1,402       1,559       1,586       1,698
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture........................      4,824         708       3,685       6,199      14,694      10,297      13,423      24,156      35,188
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit.......................      9,737         468       5,149       5,338       6,409       9,962       9,208       9,188       7,227
  372 Postal Service........................      1,708         934       2,266       1,787       1,785       1,677       1,343         707         989
  373 Deposit insurance.....................  ..........  ..........  ..........        -10   ..........      1,200          15          36   ..........
  376 Other advancement of commerce.........      1,082         174       1,403       1,643       1,758       2,495       2,187       1,837       1,955
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit........     12,528       1,576       8,818       8,759       9,953      15,333      12,754      11,769      10,171
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
On-budget unless otherwise stated.


[[Page 82]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1984        1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel......................     64,866      67,773      67,794      74,010      76,584      78,477      78,876      84,213      81,221
    Operation and Maintenance...............     70,974      77,828      74,916      79,607      81,629      86,221      88,409     117,234      93,716
    Procurement.............................     86,161      96,842      92,506      80,234      80,053      79,390      81,376      71,740      62,952
    Research, Development, Test, and             26,867      31,327      33,609      35,644      36,521      37,530      36,459      36,193      36,623
     Evaluation.............................
    Military Construction...................      4,510       5,517       5,281       5,093       5,349       5,738       5,130       5,188       5,254
    Family Housing..........................      2,669       2,890       2,803       3,075       3,199       3,276       3,143       3,296       3,738
    Other...................................      2,129       4,650       4,528       1,806         419         204        -393     -41,656      -1,378

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--         258,176     286,827     281,436     279,469     283,755     290,837     292,999     276,208     282,127
   Military.................................
  053 Atomic energy defense activities......      6,555       7,325       7,287       7,478       7,749       8,100       9,656      11,578      11,980
  054 Defense-related activities............        429         503         424         480         504         630         609       1,092         964
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...................    265,160     294,656     289,146     287,427     292,008     299,567     303,263     288,878     295,070
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and               5,069       6,496       4,760       4,902       5,022       5,296       5,696       6,778       6,655
   humanitarian assistance..................
  152 International security assistance.....      8,943      13,730       9,543       8,213       8,598       7,666       8,393       9,061       6,682
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs............      2,015       2,501       2,992       2,582       2,631       2,775       2,933       3,238       4,063
  154 Foreign information and exchange              808         950         970       1,031       1,056       1,126       1,317       1,243       1,303
   activities...............................
  155 International financial programs......      7,718       2,776      -1,607       1,997        -123         390         473       2,369       2,523
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..............     24,553      26,453      16,659      18,724      17,184      17,252      18,811      22,689      21,227
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research....      1,964       2,227       2,121       2,340       2,542       2,851       3,184       3,472       4,125
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting      6,858       6,925       7,165      10,198       8,322      10,097      11,460      13,046      13,199
   activities...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and               8,822       9,152       9,286      12,538      10,864      12,949      14,644      16,519      17,324
   technology...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.........................      5,348       5,511       4,745       2,280       3,807       2,789       3,394       4,220       4,789
  272 Energy conservation...................        455         472         426         234         310         314         366         461         511
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.........      1,268       2,056         113         153         609         422         571         336         282
  276 Energy information, policy, and               780         642         718         721         620         538         595         369         513
   regulation...............................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.............................      7,851       8,681       6,002       3,388       5,347       4,062       4,926       5,386       6,096
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources.......................      3,781       4,087       3,678       4,107       4,295       4,312       4,332       4,370       4,768
  302 Conservation and land management......      1,749       1,852       1,776       2,152       3,062       4,178       4,362       4,593       5,411
  303 Recreational resources................      1,093       1,168       1,110       1,254       1,234       1,423       1,816       1,802       1,931
  304 Pollution control and abatement.......      4,037       4,303       3,399       5,296       4,932       5,068       5,559       6,158       6,609
  306 Other natural resources...............      1,622       1,934       1,761       1,770       1,852       2,005       2,077       2,309       2,571
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..     12,282      13,344      11,724      14,578      15,375      16,987      18,146      19,232      21,290
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.............      9,945      25,569      28,065      23,394      16,317      19,048      12,313      14,734      19,651
  352 Agricultural research and services....      1,843       1,911       1,836       2,007       2,075       2,112       2,229       2,497       2,725
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture........................     11,788      27,480      29,901      25,401      18,392      21,160      14,542      17,232      22,376
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit.......................      8,349       6,881       3,666       3,449       8,361       6,614       9,847       7,816       4,514
  372 Postal Service........................      1,798       2,639       2,504       2,944       1,458       2,046       3,573       3,812       2,709
    (On-budget).............................     (1,798)     (2,639)     (2,504)     (2,944)     (1,458)       (436)       (490)       (511)       (511)
    (Off-budget)............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........     (1,610)     (3,083)     (3,301)     (2,198)
  373 Deposit insurance.....................      1,081         200       3,000       2,699      10,835      51,020      45,624      72,789      36,961
  376 Other advancement of commerce.........      2,078       2,497       1,959       2,045       2,412       2,745       3,947       2,926       3,412
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit........     13,306      12,217      11,129      11,138      23,066      62,425      62,990      87,343      47,596
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................    (13,306)    (12,217)    (11,129)    (11,138)    (23,066)    (60,816)    (59,907)    (84,042)    (45,397)
    (Off-budget)............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........     (1,610)     (3,083)     (3,301)     (2,198)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 83]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     75,974      71,365      71,557      69,776      70,341      69,822      70,649      73,838
    Operation and Maintenance...........................     89,161      88,640      93,751      93,654      92,353      97,214     104,990     108,777
    Procurement.........................................     52,789      44,141      43,646      42,589      42,961      44,818      51,113      54,972
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........     37,764      34,567      34,521      34,971      36,404      37,090      38,290      38,707
    Military Construction...............................      4,554       6,009       5,428       6,891       5,718       5,463       5,406       5,107
    Family Housing......................................      3,941       3,501       3,392       4,259       4,132       3,829       3,591       3,544
    Other...............................................      3,012       3,141       3,431       2,438       6,097         346       4,552       5,551

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........    267,194     251,364     255,726     254,578     258,006     258,582     278,591     290,496
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................     12,059      10,897      10,105      10,697      11,356      11,704      12,600      12,437
  054 Defense-related activities........................      1,823       1,061         558         911       1,004       1,014       1,149       1,203
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................    281,076     263,322     266,389     266,186     270,366     271,300     292,340     304,136
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              6,992       7,699       7,661       6,084       6,005       7,225       8,975       6,741
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      5,491       4,531       4,626       5,038       5,159       5,372       5,869       7,763
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................      4,327       4,630       4,063       3,833       3,892       3,845       5,891       5,615
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......      1,248       1,496       1,421       1,131       1,119       1,224       1,210         770
  155 International financial programs..................     14,275        -647       7,855         310      -1,549      -2,897      15,930       1,756
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................     32,333      17,709      25,626      16,396      14,626      14,769      37,875      22,645
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      4,173       4,596       4,164       4,146       4,222       5,674       6,397       6,750
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.     13,064      13,022      12,543      12,570      12,456      12,321      12,460      12,541
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........     17,236      17,618      16,707      16,716      16,678      17,995      18,857      19,291
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................      7,404       3,386       3,757       1,777         978        -739         -36      -2,302
  272 Energy conservation...............................        561         669         715         533         533         584         619         737
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................         60         216         144   ..........        -11         208         160         158
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        240         455         411         330         195         243         238         223
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................      8,264       4,726       5,027       2,640       1,695         296         981      -1,184
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      4,801       5,256       4,131       4,175       5,160       5,056       4,713       4,803
  302 Conservation and land management..................      5,535       5,860       5,975       5,980       6,079       6,259       6,485       6,604
  303 Recreational resources............................      1,845       1,958       1,976       2,111       2,253       2,969       2,487       2,737
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      6,914       6,597       5,885       6,433       6,635       7,197       7,429       7,490
  306 Other natural resources...........................      2,542       2,933       2,978       2,814       2,822       2,885       3,314       3,397
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     21,636      22,604      20,945      21,513      22,949      24,366      24,428      25,031
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................     16,464      14,268       5,782       6,894       8,585       9,845      21,029      30,227
  352 Agricultural research and services................      2,660       2,785       2,773       2,733       2,861       2,885       3,061       3,480
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................     19,124      17,053       8,555       9,627      11,446      12,730      24,090      33,707
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................      2,302       1,486       1,350       1,017         148      -1,465         792       1,000
  372 Postal Service....................................      2,400       2,863       2,684       3,563       3,851       6,445       5,636       3,812
    (On-budget).........................................       (161)       (130)       (130)       (122)       (126)        (86)        (29)       (100)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (2,239)     (2,732)     (2,554)     (3,441)     (3,725)     (6,359)     (5,607)     (3,712)
  373 Deposit insurance.................................      2,462      19,520         859          11         -25         -33           1           2
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      3,615       3,465       3,535       3,477       4,099       9,381       7,924      10,618
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................     10,779      27,334       8,428       8,068       8,073      14,328      14,353      15,432
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (8,540)    (24,602)     (5,874)     (4,627)     (4,348)     (7,969)     (8,746)    (11,720)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (2,239)     (2,732)     (2,554)     (3,441)     (3,725)     (6,359)     (5,607)     (3,712)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 84]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 National defense:
  051 Department of Defense--Military:
    Military Personnel..................................     76,889      86,956      93,489      98,956         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Operation and Maintenance...........................    115,757     133,212     129,589     133,455         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Procurement.........................................     62,608      62,739      71,403      74,396         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation.........     41,595      48,713      56,798      61,827         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Military Construction...............................      5,424       6,631       6,288       5,018         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Family Housing......................................      3,682       4,048       4,206       4,016         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A
    Other...............................................     13,525       2,685       2,195       1,959         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A

  051 Subtotal, Department of Defense--Military.........    319,480     344,984     363,968     379,627     399,593     419,565     440,308     461,617
  053 Atomic energy defense activities..................     14,384      15,334      16,592      17,296      17,650      17,663      17,140      16,193
  054 Defense-related activities........................      1,609       1,788       2,121       2,760       2,776       2,816       2,861       2,937
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, National defense...............................    335,473     362,106     382,681     399,683     420,019     440,044     460,309     480,747
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 International affairs:
  151 International development and humanitarian              8,130       7,715       8,644      11,290      12,515      13,290      14,228      14,827
   assistance...........................................
  152 International security assistance.................      6,659       6,927       6,215       7,334       7,495       7,656       7,866       8,107
  153 Conduct of foreign affairs........................      6,413       7,246       7,198       7,551       7,689       7,846       8,020       8,224
  154 Foreign information and exchange activities.......        898         969         824         986       1,005       1,026       1,050       1,074
  155 International financial programs..................     -1,930       2,287      -2,370      -3,370        -655         791         953       1,092
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, International affairs..........................     20,170      25,144      20,511      23,791      28,049      30,609      32,117      33,324
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 General science, space and technology:
  251 General science and basic research................      7,695       8,115       8,346       9,024       9,225       9,401       9,591       9,837
  252 Space flight, research, and supporting activities.     13,330      13,901      14,014      14,476      15,110      15,717      16,363      16,889
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General science, space and technology..........     21,025      22,016      22,360      23,500      24,335      25,118      25,954      26,726
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 Energy:
  271 Energy supply.....................................     -1,100        -958        -773        -527         255         301        -207         615
  272 Energy conservation...............................        807         896         912         876         892         910         931         954
  274 Emergency energy preparedness.....................        149         179         188         175         178         182         186         191
  276 Energy information, policy, and regulation........        262         283         348         363         371         377         384         396
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Energy.........................................        118         400         675         887       1,696       1,770       1,294       2,156
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 Natural resources and environment:
  301 Water resources...................................      5,365       5,883       4,765       4,795       4,839       4,930       5,040       5,162
  302 Conservation and land management..................      8,858       9,797       9,730      10,493      11,057      11,300      11,526      11,734
  303 Recreational resources............................      2,958       3,037       3,017       3,029       3,231       3,296       3,379       3,471
  304 Pollution control and abatement...................      7,800       8,008       7,592       7,593       7,732       7,893       8,071       8,279
  306 Other natural resources...........................      4,067       4,401       4,253       4,490       4,573       4,671       4,769       4,892
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Natural resources and environment..............     29,048      31,126      29,357      30,400      31,432      32,090      32,785      33,538
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 Agriculture:
  351 Farm income stabilization.........................     24,991      19,497      15,893      16,985      19,893      19,434      18,334      16,751
  352 Agricultural research and services................      4,094       4,324       4,157       4,154       4,376       4,482       4,617       4,729
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Agriculture....................................     29,085      23,821      20,050      21,139      24,269      23,916      22,951      21,480
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 Commerce and housing credit:
  371 Mortgage credit...................................      1,937        -375        -936        -188        -339        -255        -142         -98
  372 Postal Service....................................      4,332       3,754         128         937         817         993       1,611         761
    (On-budget).........................................       (268)       (683)        (77)        (60)        (66)        (66)        (66)        (66)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (4,064)     (3,071)        (51)       (877)       (751)       (927)     (1,545)       (695)
  373 Deposit insurance.................................          1           1           1           1   ..........          2   ..........          1
  376 Other advancement of commerce.....................      6,220       7,918       9,349       8,825       8,998       8,829      10,103      10,653
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Commerce and housing credit....................     12,490      11,298       8,542       9,575       9,476       9,569      11,572      11,317
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (8,426)     (8,227)     (8,491)     (8,698)     (8,725)     (8,642)    (10,027)    (10,622)
    (Off-budget)........................................     (4,064)     (3,071)        (51)       (877)       (751)       (927)     (1,545)       (695)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/A = Not available.


[[Page 85]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1976         TQ         1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.................      6,904       4,777       5,732       9,872      14,021      15,278      20,249      17,697      19,208
  402 Air transportation....................      2,311       1,048       3,017       3,287       3,728       3,915       4,046       3,747       4,850
  403 Water transportation..................      1,615         390       1,675       1,854       2,057       2,192       2,552       2,931       2,912
  407 Other transportation..................         74          19          83          85          91          97         109          88         110
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.....................     10,905       6,234      10,507      15,098      19,897      21,483      26,957      24,464      27,080
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.................      2,764          81       3,689       4,403       4,775       4,972       4,783       4,328       5,398
  452 Area and regional development.........      2,604         649       9,235       3,524       4,082       4,331       4,373       3,644       4,104
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.........        335          60         684       3,246       2,266       2,426         810         417         480
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.      5,703         790      13,608      11,173      11,123      11,728       9,966       8,390       9,983
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and
 social services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational       4,624       2,826       5,825       6,146       7,047       7,404       6,808       6,341       6,816
   education................................
  502 Higher education......................      3,828         185       3,858       4,523       5,854       6,775       8,895       8,012       7,364
  503 Research and general education aids...        748         339       1,011       1,140       1,249       1,170       1,224       1,172       1,258
  504 Training and employment...............      7,264         839      13,969       4,802      11,739       9,623       9,109       4,386       5,515
  505 Other labor services..................        329          82         383         440         522         572         606         600         640
  506 Social services.......................      5,221       1,207       5,449       5,566       6,693       6,152       5,700       5,585       6,013
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and           22,013       5,480      30,496      22,618      33,104      31,698      32,342      26,096      27,605
   social services..........................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..................     11,395       2,794      13,403      14,225      17,028      18,480      21,520      22,097      19,228
  552 Health research and training..........      3,111         601       3,502       3,857       4,200       4,565       4,422       4,338       4,743
  554 Consumer and occupational health and          684         181         773         864         949       1,000       1,082       1,044       1,083
   safety...................................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.............................     15,190       3,576      17,678      18,945      22,177      24,045      27,024      27,479      25,053
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..............................     15,785       4,280      19,416      22,826      26,657      32,237      39,148      46,562      52,591
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability           3,534       1,165       3,717       3,723       5,326       5,446       5,557       5,537       5,520
   insurance (excluding social security)....
  602 Federal employee retirement and            16,092       4,317      18,349      20,577      23,215      27,340      32,007      35,146      37,578
   disability...............................
  603 Unemployment compensation.............     15,006       2,907      16,036      10,749      10,848      17,927      19,748      25,153      30,576
  604 Housing assistance....................     19,421         111      28,629      32,300      24,780      27,932      26,927      14,608      10,498
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.........      7,737       1,966       8,875       9,017      10,566      13,775      16,576      15,785      18,154
  609 Other income security.................     12,434       3,217      13,515      13,027      13,592      17,915      20,206      18,259      21,561
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security....................     74,224      13,684      89,121      89,393      88,326     110,335     121,021     114,488     123,888
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security.......................     74,535      20,019      85,626      94,453     104,994     119,955     141,076     157,081     171,737
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................       (515)  ..........       (717)       (741)       (761)       (677)       (672)       (844)    (20,753)
    (Off-budget)............................    (74,019)    (20,019)    (84,909)    (93,712)   (104,233)   (119,278)   (140,404)   (156,238)   (150,984)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans..........      8,907       2,205       9,681      10,375      11,464      12,020      13,467      14,776      14,490
  702 Veterans education, training and            6,092       1,182       4,074       2,730       2,600       2,467       2,450       2,064       1,772
   rehabilitation...........................
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans      4,433       1,091       5,067       5,628       6,108       6,399       6,907       7,787       8,806
  704 Veterans housing......................         70          18          75          80          92          90          90          92          18
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..        162          31         156         210         218         217         237         244         256
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.....     19,664       4,527      19,053      19,023      20,481      21,194      23,150      24,963      25,341
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 86]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1984        1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.................     20,685      20,318      19,349      18,244      18,267      18,605      19,369      19,096      23,290
  402 Air transportation....................      5,266       6,011       5,484       5,518       6,906       7,494       8,260       8,932      10,043
  403 Water transportation..................      3,244       3,105       3,915       3,120       2,861       3,112       3,168       3,122       3,320
  407 Other transportation..................        114         126         115         115         107         132         143         251         277
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.....................     29,309      29,559      28,863      26,996      28,141      29,342      30,940      31,401      36,929
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.................      4,818       4,262       3,726       3,819       3,546       3,061       4,060       3,694       3,788
  452 Area and regional development.........      3,824       3,664       2,684       2,620       5,080       3,512       4,033       4,061       3,285
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.........        257         239         475         210         205       1,308       1,728           1       5,223
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.      8,899       8,166       6,884       6,649       8,831       7,881       9,820       7,757      12,296
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and
 social services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational       7,207       7,926       7,644       8,965       9,502      10,125      11,293      13,130      14,230
   education................................
  502 Higher education......................      6,900       9,705       8,723       9,001       8,932      10,934      11,311      12,374      12,166
  503 Research and general education aids...      1,245       1,338       1,290       1,414       1,472       1,549       1,633       1,914       2,082
  504 Training and employment...............      8,688       5,422       4,875       5,226       5,327       5,392       6,093       6,771       7,252
  505 Other labor services..................        685         716         679         730         778         802         817         808         894
  506 Social services.......................      6,231       6,495       6,325       6,853       8,227       8,399       8,352       9,151       9,427
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and           30,957      31,601      29,538      32,187      34,239      37,201      39,500      44,148      46,051
   social services..........................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..................     25,241      26,454      29,418      32,881      36,750      42,017      50,426      63,880      80,087
  552 Health research and training..........      5,233       5,951       6,059       7,190       7,569       8,281       8,988       9,877      10,703
  554 Consumer and occupational health and        1,156       1,196       1,157       1,250       1,313       1,397       1,503       1,646       1,764
   safety...................................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.............................     31,630      33,601      36,634      41,320      45,631      51,694      60,917      75,402      92,554
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..............................     57,835      65,579      71,202      75,105      78,806      85,395     105,882     103,208     133,599
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability           5,334       5,473       5,711       5,373       5,681       5,760       5,672       5,911       5,989
   insurance (excluding social security)....
  602 Federal employee retirement and            38,898      40,881      42,865      44,545      47,936      50,667      53,631      57,150      58,351
   disability...............................
  603 Unemployment compensation.............     20,669      16,372      17,030      16,980      15,217      15,761      18,960      27,179      39,534
  604 Housing assistance....................     12,671      26,879      11,643       9,864       9,698       9,568      11,135      19,721      19,736
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.........     18,235      18,655      18,803      19,568      20,650      21,262      25,054      29,435      33,459
  609 Other income security.................     22,274      23,269      24,931      26,147      29,263      31,128      32,523      41,547      46,232
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security....................    118,081     131,529     120,984     122,477     128,446     134,146     146,976     180,943     203,301
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security.......................    178,793     193,176     196,642     208,392     221,137     233,502     250,641     271,253     289,532
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................     (7,083)     (8,527)     (4,861)     (4,930)     (4,852)     (5,069)     (3,766)     (2,722)     (6,167)
    (Off-budget)............................   (171,710)   (184,648)   (191,782)   (203,462)   (216,285)   (228,432)   (246,875)   (268,532)   (283,365)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans..........     15,160      15,372      15,640      15,687      16,148      16,700      16,993      17,860      17,815
  702 Veterans education, training and            1,688       1,168         703         497         505         447         369         951         726
   rehabilitation...........................
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans      9,072       9,999       9,948      10,461      10,823      11,502      12,134      13,171      14,221
  704 Veterans housing......................        298         409         297         206       1,593         890         664         858         871
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..        278         308         300         339         311         353         364         410         470
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.....     26,496      27,256      26,888      27,190      29,380      29,891      30,524      33,251      34,103
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 87]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     26,446      28,081      27,112      23,346      27,402      31,099      35,856      38,609
  402 Air transportation................................     10,396      11,439       8,185       9,576       9,827      10,394      11,368      12,006
  403 Water transportation..............................      3,287       3,604       3,684       3,379       3,499       3,637       4,139       4,527
  407 Other transportation..............................        299         321         319         312         344         207         223         234
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     40,428      43,445      39,300      36,613      41,072      45,337      51,586      55,376
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      4,848       5,461       5,193       5,083       5,187       5,492       5,486       5,395
  452 Area and regional development.....................      2,919       3,219       3,301       2,767       2,920       2,575       2,705       2,836
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................      2,387       6,915       4,505       4,693       5,463       2,562       3,102       3,036
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............     10,154      15,595      12,999      12,543      13,570      10,629      11,293      11,267
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...     14,214      14,782      15,224      13,697      17,044      18,794      16,859      17,136
  502 Higher education..................................     14,759       9,596      14,438      12,725      13,521      13,829      13,680      11,878
  503 Research and general education aids...............      2,119       2,172       2,272       2,102       2,334       2,232       2,588       2,636
  504 Training and employment...........................      7,347       7,981       7,093       6,911       7,620       8,382       8,727       4,854
  505 Other labor services..............................        933         957         993         957       1,007       1,041       1,133       1,250
  506 Social services...................................     10,463      13,161      11,998      11,271      12,073      12,387      12,491      11,715
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     49,836      48,650      52,018      47,663      53,599      56,665      55,478      49,469
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................     95,638     102,938     103,118      95,459     114,752     118,726     123,664     140,566
  552 Health research and training......................     11,161      11,613      11,887      12,434      13,392      14,270      16,305      18,563
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......      1,817       1,935       1,981       1,976       2,040       2,112       2,230       2,370
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................    108,616     116,486     116,986     109,869     130,184     135,108     142,199     161,499
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................    124,757     162,677     156,540     179,652     189,999     193,667     190,625     200,588
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             5,678       6,244       5,540       6,185       5,950       5,841       2,573       6,128
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     61,675      64,062      67,309      69,754      72,743      75,233      76,783      79,010
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     38,164      28,696      23,750      24,964      22,968      22,130      23,725      23,023
  604 Housing assistance................................     21,170      21,109      15,322      16,430      11,746      17,486      20,402      18,112
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................     39,016      39,965      40,818      40,434      41,019      37,840      35,552      35,925
  609 Other income security.............................     52,078      60,732      66,224      68,604      77,522      77,370      84,417      87,324
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................    217,783     220,808     218,963     226,371     231,948     235,900     243,452     249,522
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................    306,338     321,138     333,287     352,131     366,050     380,464     391,098     412,032
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................     (6,248)     (5,687)     (5,479)     (5,816)     (6,895)     (9,142)    (10,830)    (13,262)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (300,090)   (315,451)   (327,808)   (346,315)   (359,155)   (371,322)   (380,268)   (398,770)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................     18,555      19,053      19,314      20,202      21,166      22,012      23,475      23,231
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...        816       1,168       1,222       1,100       1,283       1,257       1,078       1,400
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............     15,191      16,136      16,471      16,789      17,347      17,865      18,004      19,545
  704 Veterans housing..................................      1,243         247         673         281        -276       1,161       1,107         796
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        403         404         480         392         416         497         493         542
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     36,208      37,009      38,159      38,763      39,936      42,792      44,157      45,514
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 88]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 Transportation:
  401 Ground transportation.............................     44,011      45,863      39,687      39,563      40,579      41,869      42,997      44,160
  402 Air transportation................................     18,543      17,312      17,925      17,374      17,549      17,838      18,127      18,459
  403 Water transportation..............................      4,560       5,463       5,658       6,478       6,587       6,724       6,867       7,030
  407 Other transportation..............................        242         249         305         413         419         382         382         393
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Transportation.................................     67,356      68,887      63,575      63,828      65,134      66,813      68,373      70,042
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 Community and regional development:
  451 Community development.............................      6,553       8,066       5,461       5,193       5,319       5,429       5,547       5,687
  452 Area and regional development.....................      3,314       3,458       2,865       2,378       2,382       2,468       2,547       2,634
  453 Disaster relief and insurance.....................      4,668      11,537       7,051       6,045       6,157       6,281       6,420       6,584
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Community and regional development.............     14,535      23,061      15,377      13,616      13,858      14,178      14,514      14,905
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 Education, training, employment, and social
 services:
  501 Elementary, secondary, and vocational education...     26,037      32,927      34,330      35,754      36,721      37,634      38,530      39,572
  502 Higher education..................................     10,472      19,543      22,769      22,563      21,207      21,210      21,490      21,995
  503 Research and general education aids...............      3,151       2,831       2,831       2,891       2,942       3,004       3,069       3,145
  504 Training and employment...........................      7,787       7,616      10,819       7,099       7,229       7,372       7,531       7,714
  505 Other labor services..............................      1,451       1,538       1,525       1,536       1,564       1,596       1,632       1,673
  506 Social services...................................     14,656      15,406      16,210      16,159      16,423      16,714      17,033      17,405
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Educ., training, employ., and social services..     63,554      79,861      88,484      86,002      86,086      87,530      89,285      91,504
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 Health:
  551 Health care services..............................    157,694     178,837     197,727     215,863     235,876     259,411     279,848     301,975
  552 Health research and training......................     21,488      24,377      28,011      28,543      29,053      29,640      30,290      31,055
  554 Consumer and occupational health and safety.......      2,531       2,866       2,906       2,875       2,927       2,986       3,054       3,133
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Health.........................................    181,713     206,080     228,644     247,281     267,856     292,037     313,192     336,163
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
570 Medicare:
  571 Medicare..........................................    217,096     234,428     245,021     258,642     275,889     305,326     327,165     349,412
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 Income security:
  601 General retirement and disability insurance             6,869       6,738       6,804       6,675       7,012       7,308       7,268       7,903
   (excluding social security)..........................
  602 Federal employee retirement and disability........     82,531      85,180      88,113      90,588      94,003      97,380     100,813     104,288
  603 Unemployment compensation.........................     32,694      53,551      56,054      43,128      42,119      43,035      45,188      47,455
  604 Housing assistance................................     25,125      26,970      29,403      30,149      30,717      31,353      32,048      32,858
  605 Food and nutrition assistance.....................     35,030      38,880      42,983      45,562      46,585      47,351      48,400      49,899
  609 Other income security.............................     91,025      98,348     103,141     106,789     117,253     119,748     120,295     127,456
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Income security................................    273,274     309,667     326,498     322,891     337,689     346,175     354,012     369,859
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 Social security:
  651 Social security...................................    440,370     462,363     479,913     498,844     517,511     539,706     565,865     594,612
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................    (11,700)    (13,997)    (13,067)    (14,032)    (14,440)    (15,370)    (16,672)    (18,183)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (428,670)   (448,366)   (466,846)   (484,812)   (503,071)   (524,336)   (549,193)   (576,429)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 Veterans benefits and services:
  701 Income security for veterans......................     25,173      27,916      30,866      31,674      34,081      35,701      37,280      38,893
  702 Veterans education, training and rehabilitation...      1,786       2,108       2,184       2,381       2,747       2,845       2,933       3,034
  703 Hospital and medical care for veterans............     20,879      22,228      23,609      26,228      26,658      27,060      27,491      28,019
  704 Veterans housing..................................       -901        -851         370         538         535         543         552         563
  705 Other veterans benefits and services..............        641         694         695         735         739         754         770         789
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Veterans benefits and services.................     47,578      52,095      57,724      61,556      64,760      66,903      69,026      71,298
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 89]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1976         TQ         1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities....      1,561         414       1,688       1,897       2,071       2,219       2,417       2,666       3,066
  752 Federal litigative and judicial               726         187         863       1,029       1,190       1,370       1,484       1,530       1,702
   activities...............................
  753 Federal correctional activities.......        208          55         297         308         339         320         352         423         468
  754 Criminal justice assistance...........        810         205         758         654         656         498         169         140         137
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice..........      3,305         861       3,605       3,889       4,257       4,407       4,423       4,759       5,373
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.................        780         188         878         913         932       1,111       1,036       1,175       1,418
  802 Executive direction and management....         71          18          83          79          84         102         108          95         103
  803 Central fiscal operations.............      1,773         463       1,916       2,126       2,383       2,675       2,818       2,936       3,404
  804 General property and records                  354          69         390         224         389         338         456         295         494
   management...............................
  805 Central personnel management..........         99          25         109         126         133         145         162         141         142
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.....      9,751       3,470       9,342      10,454       8,282       8,664       6,249       6,389       6,361
  808 Other general government..............        470         177         531         618         493         592         764         543         794
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts....       -322        -150        -256        -289        -198        -351        -222        -216        -636
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.................     12,974       4,260      12,993      14,250      12,498      13,279      11,370      11,358      12,081
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities       37,076       8,104      41,915      48,712      59,855      74,803      95,535     117,227     128,653
   (gross)..................................
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust       -4,988        -177      -5,488      -6,128      -7,727      -9,707     -11,523     -13,995     -15,257
   funds....................................
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust      -2,812         -93      -2,650      -2,403      -2,224      -2,339      -2,288      -2,071      -1,845
   funds....................................
  908 Other interest........................     -2,547        -887      -3,875      -4,723      -7,273     -10,220     -12,958     -16,130     -21,742
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest.......................     26,729       6,948      29,901      35,459      42,630      52,538      68,767      85,032      89,808
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................    (29,541)     (7,040)    (32,551)    (37,861)    (44,855)    (54,877)    (71,055)    (87,102)    (91,653)
    (Off-budget)............................    (-2,812)       (-93)    (-2,650)    (-2,403)    (-2,224)    (-2,339)    (-2,288)    (-2,071)    (-1,845)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement       -10,761      -2,646     -11,528     -12,401     -13,095     -14,638     -16,473     -18,203     -21,706
   (on-budget)..............................
  952 Employer share, employee retirement          -963        -249        -977      -1,060      -1,114      -1,204      -1,430      -1,646      -1,778
   (off-budget).............................
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer           -2,662      -1,311      -2,374      -2,259      -3,267      -4,101     -10,138      -6,250     -10,491
   Continental Shelf........................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..    -14,386      -4,206     -14,879     -15,720     -17,476     -19,942     -28,041     -26,099     -33,976
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................   (-13,423)    (-3,957)   (-13,902)   (-14,660)   (-16,362)   (-18,738)   (-26,611)   (-24,453)   (-32,198)
    (Off-budget)............................      (-963)      (-249)      (-977)    (-1,060)    (-1,114)    (-1,204)    (-1,430)    (-1,646)    (-1,778)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total budget authority......................    420,870      96,610     468,450     504,565     558,829     670,062     740,300     806,522     869,841
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................   (350,626)    (76,933)   (387,168)   (414,316)   (457,934)   (554,327)   (603,614)   (654,001)   (722,480)
    (Off-budget)............................    (70,244)    (19,677)    (81,282)    (90,250)   (100,895)   (115,735)   (136,686)   (152,521)   (147,361)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 90]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Function and Subfunction               1984        1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities....      3,439       3,716       3,731       4,742       5,156       4,792       5,200       5,952       6,690
  752 Federal litigative and judicial             1,905       2,204       2,190       2,680       2,926       3,288       3,827       4,614       5,130
   activities...............................
  753 Federal correctional activities.......        495         599         595         867       1,059       1,553       2,578       1,728       2,101
  754 Criminal justice assistance...........        215         220         265         502         316         424         774         853         872
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice..........      6,054       6,739       6,780       8,791       9,458      10,057      12,378      13,147      14,793
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.................      1,443       1,358       1,412       1,572       1,602       1,807       1,811       2,021       2,137
  802 Executive direction and management....        111         118         110         120         128         137         296         188         212
  803 Central fiscal operations.............      3,633       3,868       4,043       4,776       5,172       6,037       6,055       6,316       7,071
  804 General property and records                  354         457         477         281         113         475       2,313       2,095         508
   management...............................
  805 Central personnel management..........        148         149         136         141         145         151         161         171         179
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.....      6,795       6,322       5,847       1,369       1,963       2,043       2,033       2,138       1,893
  808 Other general government..............        498         565         760         985       1,805         817         745       1,462       1,705
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts....       -513        -506         -78        -623        -694        -893        -361        -718        -480
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.................     12,470      12,332      12,708       8,620      10,235      10,575      13,053      13,672      13,224
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities      153,866     178,871     190,272     195,242     214,047     240,845     264,691     285,421     292,294
   (gross)..................................
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust      -17,044     -21,838     -26,628     -29,614     -34,406     -40,467     -46,321     -50,426     -54,193
   funds....................................
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust      -3,310      -4,118      -4,329      -5,290      -7,416     -11,395     -15,991     -20,222     -23,637
   funds....................................
  908 Other interest........................    -22,410     -23,437     -23,285     -21,732     -20,426     -19,857     -17,542     -20,757     -15,084
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest.......................    111,102     129,479     136,030     138,606     151,799     169,127     184,837     194,016     199,380
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................   (114,412)   (133,597)   (140,359)   (143,897)   (159,215)   (180,522)   (200,828)   (214,238)   (223,017)
    (Off-budget)............................    (-3,310)    (-4,118)    (-4,329)    (-5,290)    (-7,416)   (-11,395)   (-15,991)   (-20,222)   (-23,637)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement       -23,219     -24,648     -25,434     -27,259     -29,037     -29,425     -28,044     -30,402     -30,680
   (on-budget)..............................
  952 Employer share, employee retirement        -2,044      -2,509      -2,857      -3,300      -4,382      -4,858      -5,567      -5,804      -6,101
   (off-budget).............................
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer           -6,694      -5,542      -4,716      -4,021      -3,548      -2,929      -3,004      -3,150      -2,498
   Continental Shelf........................
  954 Sale of major assets..................  ..........  ..........  ..........     -1,875   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..    -31,957     -32,698     -33,007     -36,455     -36,967     -37,212     -36,615     -39,356     -39,280
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................   (-29,913)   (-30,189)   (-30,150)   (-33,155)   (-32,585)   (-32,354)   (-31,048)   (-33,553)   (-33,179)
    (Off-budget)............................    (-2,044)    (-2,509)    (-2,857)    (-3,300)    (-4,382)    (-4,858)    (-5,567)    (-5,804)    (-6,101)
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total budget authority......................    923,432   1,028,304   1,013,994   1,033,074   1,091,374   1,196,003   1,286,176   1,386,119   1,467,459
                                             ===========================================================================================================
    (On-budget).............................   (757,076)   (850,282)   (829,399)   (838,202)   (886,887)   (982,213)  (1,057,776  (1,140,312  (1,211,635
                                                                                                                               )           )           )
    (Off-budget)............................   (166,356)   (178,021)   (184,595)   (194,872)   (204,488)   (213,790)   (228,400)   (245,807)   (255,824)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 91]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Function and Subfunction                     1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................      6,751       6,768       7,516       7,976       9,357      10,771      11,404      11,656
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........      5,486       5,884       6,100       6,060       6,529       6,773       7,445       7,844
  753 Federal correctional activities...................      1,937       2,222       2,557       2,881       3,183       3,097       3,299       3,667
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................      1,006         905       2,638       4,198       4,796       5,354       5,423       3,752
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................     15,180      15,779      18,811      21,115      23,865      25,995      27,571      26,919
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................      2,109       2,107       2,172       1,925       2,007       2,074       2,344       2,237
  802 Executive direction and management................        254         210         199         206         227         437         491         448
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      7,329       7,760       7,791       7,678       7,471      10,931       9,814       8,523
  804 General property and records management...........        763         813         376         415         782         264         772         188
  805 Central personnel management......................        186         185         177         154         150         149         154         161
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      1,919       2,213       1,908       2,073       2,192       2,192       2,033       2,058
  808 Other general government..........................      1,495         948       1,714         869       1,452       1,016       2,332       2,151
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................       -739      -2,087      -1,077      -1,694      -1,497      -1,106        -972      -2,484
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     13,315      12,149      13,260      11,626      12,784      15,957      16,968      13,282
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......    292,479     296,253     332,379     343,918     355,764     363,759     353,463     361,925
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........    -55,537     -56,494     -59,871     -60,869     -63,776     -67,208     -66,520     -69,290
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......    -26,788     -29,203     -33,305     -36,507     -41,214     -46,630     -52,071     -59,796
  908 Other interest....................................    -11,431      -7,618      -7,055      -5,488      -6,788      -8,798      -5,114      -9,886
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................    198,724     202,937     232,148     241,054     243,986     241,123     229,758     222,953
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (225,512)   (232,141)   (265,453)   (277,561)   (285,200)   (287,753)   (281,829)   (282,749)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (-26,788)   (-29,203)   (-33,305)   (-36,507)   (-41,214)   (-46,630)   (-52,071)   (-59,796)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -28,186     -28,361     -27,961     -27,259     -27,773     -27,820     -28,209     -30,214
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..     -6,416      -6,409      -6,432      -6,278      -6,483      -7,052      -7,385      -7,637
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -2,785      -3,001      -2,418      -3,741      -4,711      -4,522      -3,098      -4,580
  954 Sale of major assets..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........     -5,158   ..........  ..........
  959 Other undistributed offsetting receipts...........  ..........  ..........     -7,644        -342     -11,006      -2,642      -1,753        -150
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -37,386     -37,772     -44,455     -37,620     -49,973     -47,194     -40,445     -42,581
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-30,970)   (-31,362)   (-38,023)   (-31,342)   (-43,490)   (-40,142)   (-33,060)   (-34,944)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-6,416)    (-6,409)    (-6,432)    (-6,278)    (-6,483)    (-7,052)    (-7,385)    (-7,637)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total budget authority..................................  1,474,400   1,529,266   1,539,693   1,580,926   1,642,853   1,692,227   1,776,664   1,824,898
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................  (1,205,274  (1,246,695  (1,249,068  (1,273,955  (1,327,670  (1,368,228  (1,450,245  (1,489,849
                                                                   )           )           )           )           )           )           )           )
    (Off-budget)........................................   (269,126)   (282,571)   (290,625)   (306,971)   (315,183)   (323,999)   (326,419)   (335,049)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 92]]


                                      Table 5.1--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                Function and Subfunction                     2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 Administration of justice:
  751 Federal law enforcement activities................     13,193      16,340      15,790      16,882      16,992      17,242      17,500      17,821
  752 Federal litigative and judicial activities........      8,493       9,279       9,380       9,897      10,015      10,239      10,471      10,742
  753 Federal correctional activities...................      4,304       4,615       5,866       5,914       6,217       6,341       6,483       6,647
  754 Criminal justice assistance.......................      5,351       5,943       4,948       6,063       3,809       3,924       4,043       4,176
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Administration of justice......................     31,341      36,177      35,984      38,756      37,033      37,746      38,497      39,386
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 General government:
  801 Legislative functions.............................      2,717       2,926       3,080       3,367       3,425       3,494       3,566       3,656
  802 Executive direction and management................        583         565         584         660         673         685         699         718
  803 Central fiscal operations.........................      9,411       9,901      10,383      11,293      11,625      11,911      12,177      12,481
  804 General property and records management...........        774         954       1,042         838         847         867         881         905
  805 Central personnel management......................        170         180         213         711         724         739         755         774
  806 General purpose fiscal assistance.................      2,473       2,550       2,265       2,330       3,578       2,345       2,419       2,356
  808 Other general government..........................      2,118       2,200       1,919       2,183       2,431       1,853       1,872       1,883
  809 Deductions for offsetting receipts................     -1,882        -892      -1,194      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192      -1,192
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, General government.............................     16,364      18,384      18,292      20,190      22,111      20,702      21,177      21,581
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
900 Net interest:
  901 Interest on Treasury debt securities (gross)......    359,476     332,537     328,316     352,335     392,932     427,628     459,169     491,641
  902 Interest received by on-budget trust funds........    -75,302     -76,494     -73,925     -75,532     -78,192     -81,695     -85,468     -89,542
  903 Interest received by off-budget trust funds.......    -68,811     -76,820     -83,576     -88,698     -96,769    -106,122    -116,995    -129,253
  908 Other interest....................................     -9,198      -8,274      -8,808     -10,813     -12,949     -14,266     -15,846     -17,762
  909 Other investment income...........................  ..........  ..........       -566        -896        -996      -1,015      -1,015      -1,012
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Net interest...................................    206,165     170,949     161,441     176,396     204,026     224,530     239,845     254,072
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (274,976)   (247,769)   (245,017)   (265,094)   (300,795)   (330,652)   (356,840)   (383,325)
    (Off-budget)........................................   (-68,811)   (-76,820)   (-83,576)   (-88,698)   (-96,769)  (-106,122)  (-116,995)  (-129,253)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
920 Allowances:
  926 Adjustment to certain pass-through accounts.......  ..........  ..........       -400        -288        -293        -299        -306        -314
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Allowances.....................................  ..........  ..........       -400        -288        -293        -299        -306        -314
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
950 Undistributed offsetting receipts:
  951 Employer share, employee retirement (on-budget)...    -30,883     -33,489     -36,413     -39,456     -41,380     -43,545     -45,445     -47,332
  952 Employer share, employee retirement (off-budget)..     -7,910      -9,292      -9,493     -10,023     -10,794     -11,482     -12,159     -13,043
  953 Rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf     -7,194      -5,024      -4,300      -3,989      -4,495      -5,155      -5,344      -5,196
  954 Sale of major assets..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........       -323   ..........  ..........  ..........
  959 Other undistributed offsetting receipts...........     -1,024          -1         -80        -200     -10,612      -8,127      -3,052      -2,902
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total, Undistributed offsetting receipts..............    -47,011     -47,806     -50,286     -53,668     -67,604     -68,309     -66,000     -68,473
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................   (-39,101)   (-38,514)   (-40,793)   (-43,645)   (-56,810)   (-56,827)   (-53,841)   (-55,430)
    (Off-budget)........................................    (-7,910)    (-9,292)    (-9,493)   (-10,023)   (-10,794)   (-11,482)   (-12,159)   (-13,043)
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total budget authority..................................  1,959,744   2,090,057   2,154,443   2,243,021   2,363,332   2,496,154   2,621,627   2,753,335
                                                         ===============================================================================================
    (On-budget).........................................  (1,603,731  (1,724,732  (1,780,615  (1,856,053  (1,967,073  (2,088,495  (2,200,043  (2,318,507
                                                                   )           )           )           )           )           )           )           )
    (Off-budget)........................................   (356,013)   (365,325)   (373,828)   (386,968)   (396,259)   (407,659)   (421,584)   (434,828)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 93]]

 
                                                                        Table 5.2--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         936          226        1,057        1,087        1,131        1,318        1,251        1,414        1,687
The Judiciary..............................................................         346           87          431          459          521          609          656          733          823
Agriculture................................................................      20,755        4,245       21,897       26,719       37,314       39,628       47,496       57,481       69,921
Commerce...................................................................       1,732          357        7,814        1,892        2,086        2,610        2,072        1,834        1,923
Defense--Military..........................................................      95,503       22,925      107,906      114,531      123,595      140,651      176,110      211,513      238,900
Education..................................................................       9,314        3,227       10,568       11,625       13,996       15,209       16,752       15,374       15,267
Energy.....................................................................       4,970        1,315        7,021       10,467        9,805       10,767       11,241       12,486       11,893
Health and Human Services..................................................      40,368       10,154       47,035       51,891       59,726       70,002       80,788       86,307       91,478
Housing and Urban Development..............................................      29,200          400       33,818       37,994       31,142       35,852       34,220       20,911       16,561
Interior...................................................................       2,733        1,036        3,741        4,639        4,766        4,674        4,403        3,805        4,952
Justice....................................................................       2,281          591        2,449        2,495        2,627        2,602        2,462        2,757        3,180
Labor......................................................................      22,933        4,025       31,194       16,826       24,715       29,846       30,999       32,084       38,286
State......................................................................       1,251          476        1,530        1,798        2,075        2,411        2,583        2,774        2,952
Transportation.............................................................      11,082        5,128        9,763       14,035       17,917       19,963       25,520       23,739       26,308
Treasury...................................................................      46,545       10,987       50,228       57,173       64,469       90,399       91,991      111,153      117,136
Veterans Affairs...........................................................      19,653        4,524       19,043       19,013       20,471       21,177       23,136       24,948       25,324
Corps of Engineers.........................................................       2,177          655        2,479        2,781        2,780        3,247        3,089        2,988        3,406
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................       7,390        1,956        8,273        9,213       10,319       12,020       13,898       15,043       16,218
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         772          189        2,764        5,499        5,403        4,669        3,026        3,674        3,688
Executive Office of the President..........................................          70           18           79           79           83          102          104           94          102
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         335           82          495          701        1,155        1,314          628          616          901
General Services Administration............................................         289           51          353          180          378          297          404          247          422
International Assistance Programs..........................................      10,907         -736        5,334        8,737        7,272       12,678       16,514       11,031        6,589
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................       3,552          932        3,876        4,244        4,743        5,350        5,634        6,200        7,065
National Science Foundation................................................         717          169          783          868          914          991        1,031        1,006        1,104
Office of Personnel Management.............................................       8,870        2,406       10,255       11,631       13,314       15,711       18,595       20,810       22,302
Small Business Administration..............................................         621           31        1,068        3,555        2,081        2,145        1,355          748        1,278
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................       6,044        1,506        6,612        5,991        6,266        7,144        7,899        8,613       30,451
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................      74,019       20,019       84,909       93,712      104,233      119,278      140,404      156,238      150,984
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................      17,692        4,105        8,692        8,981       10,957       29,386       17,886       12,068        9,818
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................     -22,186       -4,477      -23,018      -24,250      -27,428      -31,988      -41,852      -42,165      -51,078
  (On-budget)..............................................................    (-18,411)     (-4,135)    (-19,390)    (-20,788)    (-24,089)    (-28,445)    (-38,134)    (-38,448)    (-47,455)
  (Off-budget).............................................................     (-3,775)       (-342)     (-3,627)     (-3,463)     (-3,338)     (-3,543)     (-3,718)     (-3,717)     (-3,623)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority...............................................     420,870       96,610      468,450      504,565      558,829      670,062      740,300      806,522      869,841
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 94]]


                                                                   Table 5.2--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1984         1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................       1,770        1,705        1,722        1,875        2,127        2,277        2,255        2,498        2,641
The Judiciary..............................................................         904        1,055        1,045        1,273        1,344        1,481        1,752        2,118        2,445
Agriculture................................................................      46,824       61,916       59,249       52,518       55,236       55,733       55,327       60,075       66,288
Commerce...................................................................       2,016        2,309        1,980        2,155        2,450        2,807        3,684        2,649        3,023
Defense--Military..........................................................     258,176      286,827      281,436      279,469      283,755      290,837      292,999      275,744      281,883
Education..................................................................      15,336       18,952       17,750       19,476       20,098       22,819       24,549       27,360       28,685
Energy.....................................................................      10,953       12,618       10,559       10,125       11,163       11,697       13,984       16,110       17,206
Health and Human Services..................................................     103,716      113,982      123,593      133,446      142,400      155,171      184,689      201,488      251,450
Housing and Urban Development..............................................      18,148       31,398       15,928       14,657       14,949       14,347       17,315       27,634       24,966
Interior...................................................................       4,912        5,011        4,584        5,274        5,241        5,477        6,681        6,863        7,087
Justice....................................................................       3,607        4,005        4,018        5,392        5,829        6,952        8,838        9,247       10,294
Labor......................................................................      32,013       23,873       24,589       23,958       23,070       23,927       27,378       36,235       48,887
State......................................................................       3,200        3,809        4,316        4,036        4,164        4,463        4,733        5,276        6,187
Transportation.............................................................      28,596       28,770       28,079       26,122       27,169       28,455       30,166       30,971       36,224
Treasury...................................................................     141,535      165,992      179,640      181,668      203,886      231,842      258,748      277,951      295,358
Veterans Affairs...........................................................      26,477       27,298       27,075       27,363       29,432       29,893       30,461       33,152       33,933
Corps of Engineers.........................................................       2,674        2,883        2,722        3,121        3,226        3,215        3,165        3,281        3,667
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................      16,587       17,270       17,519       18,035       19,122       20,356       21,804       23,406       24,796
Environmental Protection Agency............................................       4,064        4,346        3,446        5,344        4,968        5,081        5,380        6,004        6,461
Executive Office of the President..........................................         110          117          109          119          126          131          179          185          203
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         658          580          839          644          644        1,757        1,811          579        4,783
General Services Administration............................................         277          366          388          189            5           63        2,934        1,971          367
International Assistance Programs..........................................      18,945       20,363       10,708       13,001       11,655       10,951       12,408       15,728       13,437
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................       7,458        7,573        7,807       10,923        9,062       10,969       12,324       14,016       14,317
National Science Foundation................................................       1,328        1,505        1,472        1,639        1,737        1,938        2,100        2,333        2,591
Office of Personnel Management.............................................      23,530       24,616       26,294       27,299       30,164       32,163       35,224       36,782       35,765
Small Business Administration..............................................         971        1,254          714          604          418          421          928          464        1,891
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................      17,831       19,968       15,931       16,412       18,330       18,628       17,425       20,576       23,986
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................     171,710      184,648      191,782      203,462      216,285      228,432      246,875      268,532      283,365
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................      11,435       11,952       13,735       15,735       22,106       61,184       55,909       83,593       50,187
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget)....................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........       1,610        3,083        3,301        2,198
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................     -52,329      -58,656      -65,036      -72,262      -78,789      -89,074      -98,930     -110,005     -117,111
  (On-budget)..............................................................    (-46,975)    (-52,029)    (-57,850)    (-63,672)    (-66,992)    (-72,822)    (-77,371)    (-83,979)    (-87,372)
  (Off-budget).............................................................     (-5,354)     (-6,627)     (-7,186)     (-8,590)    (-11,798)    (-16,252)    (-21,558)    (-26,026)    (-29,739)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority...............................................     923,432    1,028,304    1,013,994    1,033,074    1,091,374    1,196,003    1,286,176    1,386,119    1,467,459
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 95]]


                                               Table 5.2--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       2,630        2,617        2,699        2,466        2,557        2,656        2,961        2,841
The Judiciary...................................       2,613        2,832        2,998        3,174        3,386        3,551        3,808        4,096
Agriculture.....................................      67,857       65,585       58,571       58,734       60,876       58,300       67,729       75,750
Commerce........................................       3,159        3,811        4,025        3,612        3,759        4,110        5,449        8,751
Defense--Military...............................     267,402      251,364      255,726      254,578      258,005      258,582      278,591      290,496
Education.......................................      31,324       26,881       32,245       29,097       33,519       35,502       33,684       32,240
Energy..........................................      17,721       17,168       15,027       14,136       14,082       14,396       16,546       15,324
Health and Human Services.......................     257,716      307,714      301,990      318,454      353,677      359,536      365,297      392,449
Housing and Urban Development...................      26,468       26,322       19,800       20,821       16,091       21,022       26,344       24,324
Interior........................................       6,859        7,460        7,519        7,211        7,411        8,198        8,129        8,394
Justice.........................................      10,832       10,544       13,287       15,615       17,790       19,245       19,922       19,195
Labor...........................................      47,692       39,004       32,924       34,099       32,860       33,776       35,783       31,261
State...........................................       6,589        7,064        6,145        5,861        5,988        6,060        8,816        8,276
Transportation..................................      39,971       42,261       38,058       35,716       40,208       44,407       50,834       54,743
Treasury........................................     300,142      308,927      353,297      365,301      379,673      392,088      388,288      391,698
Veterans Affairs................................      36,019       36,827       38,051       38,714       39,904       42,766       44,113       45,505
Corps of Engineers..............................       3,852        3,925        3,344        3,336        4,157        4,215        4,054        4,132
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................      26,083       27,052       28,077       29,099       30,349       31,333       32,106       32,987
Environmental Protection Agency.................       6,737        6,436        5,710        6,268        6,478        7,037        7,260        7,328
Executive Office of the President...............         237          237          184          204          217          246          428          272
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       2,575        5,926        4,588        4,500        5,184        2,439        2,761        3,331
General Services Administration.................         618          640          187          217          578          220          529          -32
International Assistance Programs...............      24,660        9,544       14,907       10,178        8,463        7,144       27,426       14,063
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,310       14,570       13,854       13,886       13,711       13,649       13,655       13,602
National Science Foundation.....................       2,756        3,055        3,258        3,243        3,308        3,476        3,739        4,000
Office of Personnel Management..................      39,345       40,380       42,923       43,814       44,847       47,360       48,706       50,468
Small Business Administration...................       1,177        2,058          792        1,089          838          243          342          100
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......      28,081       32,376       32,551       30,349       34,413       36,022       39,797       45,112
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....     300,090      315,451      327,808      346,315      359,155      371,322      380,268      398,770
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........      16,356       31,973       14,226       12,395       12,613       18,002       12,729       14,729
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........       2,239        2,732        2,554        3,441        3,725        6,359        5,607        3,712
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............    -119,711     -123,469     -137,632     -134,997     -154,969     -161,035     -159,037     -173,019
  (On-budget)...................................    (-86,507)    (-87,857)    (-97,895)    (-92,212)   (-107,272)   (-107,353)    (-99,581)   (-105,586)
  (Off-budget)..................................    (-33,203)    (-35,612)    (-39,737)    (-42,785)    (-47,697)    (-53,682)    (-59,456)    (-67,433)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority....................   1,474,400    1,529,266    1,539,693    1,580,926    1,642,853    1,692,227    1,776,664    1,824,898
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 96]]


                                               Table 5.2--BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
            Department or other unit                  2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       3,225        3,645        3,799        4,166        4,276        4,369        4,469        4,579
The Judiciary...................................       4,483        4,965        5,485        5,699        5,738        5,885        6,032        6,201
Agriculture.....................................      73,209       71,325       71,753       76,346       81,558       82,172       82,573       82,981
Commerce........................................       5,179        5,547        5,303        5,518        5,924        5,992        6,134        6,613
Defense--Military...............................     310,000      344,984      363,968      379,627      399,593      419,565      440,308      461,617
Education.......................................      39,932       55,747       60,487       61,381       67,715       68,674       70,000       71,718
Energy..........................................      17,779       18,459       19,995       21,244       22,098       22,298       21,854       21,642
Health and Human Services.......................     434,966      478,722      507,845      537,683      564,438      613,230      655,437      701,228
Homeland Security...............................  ...........      30,477       25,335       28,023       28,325       28,658       28,804       29,398
Housing and Urban Development...................      32,370       34,578       34,475       34,981       35,408       36,202       37,026       37,898
Interior........................................       9,709       10,768       10,111       10,501       11,905       10,942       11,301       11,551
Justice.........................................      22,683       21,315       22,374       22,650       20,835       21,275       21,761       22,332
Labor...........................................      44,485       65,227       71,290       56,179       52,984       54,034       56,324       58,793
State...........................................       8,328        9,985        9,729       10,369       10,590       10,821       11,076       11,370
Transportation..................................      66,379       60,188       53,629       54,226       55,456       56,944       58,318       59,783
Treasury........................................     391,492      370,575      369,105      392,343      443,037      485,574      519,312      553,373
Veterans Affairs................................      47,448       51,910       57,608       61,420       64,620       66,755       68,875       71,143
Corps of Engineers..............................       4,705        4,800        4,036        4,076        4,104        4,190        4,277        4,379
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................      34,372       35,404       40,272       40,575       40,733       40,834       40,856       40,776
Environmental Protection Agency.................       7,625        7,840        7,432        7,433        7,571        7,729        7,905        8,110
Executive Office of the President...............      13,306          330          330          340          347          352          360          369
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       4,881   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
General Services Administration.................         472          255          330           96           94          100           95           99
International Assistance Programs...............      11,372       14,485       13,695       13,234       17,064       18,996       20,077       20,836
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,257       14,893       15,001       15,470       16,042       16,658       17,298       17,805
National Science Foundation.....................       4,547        4,917        5,135        5,508        5,643        5,746        5,855        6,007
Office of Personnel Management..................      53,164       55,278       58,076       60,930       63,952       67,015       70,152       73,378
Small Business Administration...................         -68          604        1,643          801          814          831          849          870
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......      43,259       43,913       43,906       47,514       53,756       53,661       53,489       59,125
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....     428,670      448,366      466,846      484,812      503,071      524,336      549,193      576,429
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........      14,576       18,605       14,847       17,415       17,978       18,044       19,071       20,049
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........       4,064        3,071           51          877          751          927        1,545          695
Allowances......................................  ...........  ...........      -1,661         -518         -523         -529         -536         -544
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............    -191,125     -201,121     -207,787     -217,898     -242,565     -256,126     -268,463     -287,268
  (On-budget)...................................   (-114,404)   (-115,009)   (-114,718)   (-119,177)   (-135,002)   (-138,522)   (-139,309)   (-144,972)
  (Off-budget)..................................    (-76,721)    (-86,112)    (-93,069)    (-98,721)   (-107,563)   (-117,604)   (-129,154)   (-142,296)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority....................   1,959,744    2,090,057    2,154,443    2,243,021    2,363,332    2,496,154    2,621,627    2,753,335
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 97]]

 
                                                           Table 5.3--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
The Judiciary..............................................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1
Agriculture................................................................         4.9          4.4          4.7          5.3          6.7          5.9          6.4          7.1          8.0
Commerce...................................................................         0.4          0.4          1.7          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.3          0.2          0.2
Defense--Military..........................................................        22.7         23.7         23.0         22.7         22.1         21.0         23.8         26.2         27.5
Education..................................................................         2.2          3.3          2.3          2.3          2.5          2.3          2.3          1.9          1.8
Energy.....................................................................         1.2          1.4          1.5          2.1          1.8          1.6          1.5          1.5          1.4
Health and Human Services..................................................         9.6         10.5         10.0         10.3         10.7         10.4         10.9         10.7         10.5
Housing and Urban Development..............................................         6.9          0.4          7.2          7.5          5.6          5.4          4.6          2.6          1.9
Interior...................................................................         0.6          1.1          0.8          0.9          0.9          0.7          0.6          0.5          0.6
Justice....................................................................         0.5          0.6          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.3          0.3          0.4
Labor......................................................................         5.4          4.2          6.7          3.3          4.4          4.5          4.2          4.0          4.4
State......................................................................         0.3          0.5          0.3          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.3          0.3          0.3
Transportation.............................................................         2.6          5.3          2.1          2.8          3.2          3.0          3.4          2.9          3.0
Treasury...................................................................        11.1         11.4         10.7         11.3         11.5         13.5         12.4         13.8         13.5
Veterans Affairs...........................................................         4.7          4.7          4.1          3.8          3.7          3.2          3.1          3.1          2.9
Corps of Engineers.........................................................         0.5          0.7          0.5          0.6          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................         1.8          2.0          1.8          1.8          1.8          1.8          1.9          1.9          1.9
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         0.2          0.2          0.6          1.1          1.0          0.7          0.4          0.5          0.4
Executive Office of the President..........................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.2          0.2          0.1          0.1          0.1
General Services Administration............................................         0.1          0.1          0.1            *          0.1            *          0.1            *            *
International Assistance Programs..........................................         2.6         -0.8          1.1          1.7          1.3          1.9          2.2          1.4          0.8
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................         0.8          1.0          0.8          0.8          0.8          0.8          0.8          0.8          0.8
National Science Foundation................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1
Office of Personnel Management.............................................         2.1          2.5          2.2          2.3          2.4          2.3          2.5          2.6          2.6
Small Business Administration..............................................         0.1            *          0.2          0.7          0.4          0.3          0.2          0.1          0.1
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         1.4          1.6          1.4          1.2          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          3.5
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................        17.6         20.7         18.1         18.6         18.7         17.8         19.0         19.4         17.4
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................         4.2          4.2          1.9          1.8          2.0          4.4          2.4          1.5          1.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -5.3         -4.6         -4.9         -4.8         -4.9         -4.8         -5.7         -5.2         -5.9
  (On-budget)..............................................................       (-4.4)       (-4.3)       (-4.1)       (-4.1)       (-4.3)       (-4.2)       (-5.2)       (-4.8)       (-5.5)
  (Off-budget).............................................................       (-0.9)       (-0.4)       (-0.8)       (-0.7)       (-0.6)       (-0.5)       (-0.5)       (-0.5)       (-0.4)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority...............................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 98]]


                                                     Table 5.3--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1984         1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
The Judiciary..............................................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.2          0.2
Agriculture................................................................         5.1          6.0          5.8          5.1          5.1          4.7          4.3          4.3          4.5
Commerce...................................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.2          0.2
Defense--Military..........................................................        28.0         27.9         27.8         27.1         26.0         24.3         22.8         19.9         19.2
Education..................................................................         1.7          1.8          1.8          1.9          1.8          1.9          1.9          2.0          2.0
Energy.....................................................................         1.2          1.2          1.0          1.0          1.0          1.0          1.1          1.2          1.2
Health and Human Services..................................................        11.2         11.1         12.2         12.9         13.0         13.0         14.4         14.5         17.1
Housing and Urban Development..............................................         2.0          3.1          1.6          1.4          1.4          1.2          1.3          2.0          1.7
Interior...................................................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
Justice....................................................................         0.4          0.4          0.4          0.5          0.5          0.6          0.7          0.7          0.7
Labor......................................................................         3.5          2.3          2.4          2.3          2.1          2.0          2.1          2.6          3.3
State......................................................................         0.3          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Transportation.............................................................         3.1          2.8          2.8          2.5          2.5          2.4          2.3          2.2          2.5
Treasury...................................................................        15.3         16.1         17.7         17.6         18.7         19.4         20.1         20.1         20.1
Veterans Affairs...........................................................         2.9          2.7          2.7          2.6          2.7          2.5          2.4          2.4          2.3
Corps of Engineers.........................................................         0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................         1.8          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.8          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         0.4          0.4          0.3          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Executive Office of the President..........................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1            *          0.3
General Services Administration............................................           *            *            *            *            *            *          0.2          0.1            *
International Assistance Programs..........................................         2.1          2.0          1.1          1.3          1.1          0.9          1.0          1.1          0.9
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................         0.8          0.7          0.8          1.1          0.8          0.9          1.0          1.0          1.0
National Science Foundation................................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Office of Personnel Management.............................................         2.5          2.4          2.6          2.6          2.8          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.4
Small Business Administration..............................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1            *            *          0.1            *          0.1
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         1.9          1.9          1.6          1.6          1.7          1.6          1.4          1.5          1.6
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................        18.6         18.0         18.9         19.7         19.8         19.1         19.2         19.4         19.3
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................         1.2          1.2          1.4          1.5          2.0          5.1          4.3          6.0          3.4
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget)....................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........         0.1          0.2          0.2          0.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts..........................................        -5.7         -5.7         -6.4         -7.0         -7.2         -7.4         -7.7         -7.9         -8.0
  (On-budget)..............................................................       (-5.1)       (-5.1)       (-5.7)       (-6.2)       (-6.1)       (-6.1)       (-6.0)       (-6.1)       (-6.0)
  (Off-budget).............................................................       (-0.6)       (-0.6)       (-0.7)       (-0.8)       (-1.1)       (-1.4)       (-1.7)       (-1.9)       (-2.0)
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority...............................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 99]]


                                 Table 5.3--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
The Judiciary...................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Agriculture.....................................         4.6          4.3          3.8          3.7          3.7          3.4          3.8          4.2
Commerce........................................         0.2          0.2          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.5
Defense--Military...............................        18.1         16.4         16.6         16.1         15.7         15.3         15.7         15.9
Education.......................................         2.1          1.8          2.1          1.8          2.0          2.1          1.9          1.8
Energy..........................................         1.2          1.1          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.8
Health and Human Services.......................        17.5         20.1         19.6         20.1         21.5         21.2         20.6         21.5
Housing and Urban Development...................         1.8          1.7          1.3          1.3          1.0          1.2          1.5          1.3
Interior........................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
Justice.........................................         0.7          0.7          0.9          1.0          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1
Labor...........................................         3.2          2.6          2.1          2.2          2.0          2.0          2.0          1.7
State...........................................         0.4          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.5          0.5
Transportation..................................         2.7          2.8          2.5          2.3          2.4          2.6          2.9          3.0
Treasury........................................        20.4         20.2         22.9         23.1         23.1         23.2         21.9         21.5
Veterans Affairs................................         2.4          2.4          2.5          2.4          2.4          2.5          2.5          2.5
Corps of Engineers..............................         0.3          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................         1.8          1.8          1.8          1.8          1.8          1.9          1.8          1.8
Environmental Protection Agency.................         0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Executive Office of the President...............           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         0.2          0.4          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.1          0.2          0.2
General Services Administration.................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *           -*
International Assistance Programs...............         1.7          0.6          1.0          0.6          0.5          0.4          1.5          0.8
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...         1.0          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.8          0.8          0.8          0.7
National Science Foundation.....................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Office of Personnel Management..................         2.7          2.6          2.8          2.8          2.7          2.8          2.7          2.8
Small Business Administration...................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1            *            *            *
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......         1.9          2.1          2.1          1.9          2.1          2.1          2.2          2.5
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....        20.4         20.6         21.3         21.9         21.9         21.9         21.4         21.9
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........         1.1          2.1          0.9          0.8          0.8          1.1          0.7          0.8
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.4          0.3          0.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -8.1         -8.1         -8.9         -8.5         -9.4         -9.5         -9.0         -9.5
  (On-budget)...................................       (-5.9)       (-5.7)       (-6.4)       (-5.8)       (-6.5)       (-6.3)       (-5.6)       (-5.8)
  (Off-budget)..................................       (-2.3)       (-2.3)       (-2.6)       (-2.7)       (-2.9)       (-3.2)       (-3.3)       (-3.7)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority....................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.


[[Page 100]]


                                 Table 5.3--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
            Department or other unit                  2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
The Judiciary...................................         0.2          0.2          0.3          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Agriculture.....................................         3.7          3.4          3.3          3.4          3.5          3.3          3.1          3.0
Commerce........................................         0.3          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2
Defense--Military...............................        15.8         16.5         16.9         16.9         16.9         16.8         16.8         16.8
Education.......................................         2.0          2.7          2.8          2.7          2.9          2.8          2.7          2.6
Energy..........................................         0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.8          0.8
Health and Human Services.......................        22.2         22.9         23.6         24.0         23.9         24.6         25.0         25.5
Homeland Security...............................  ...........         1.5          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.1          1.1          1.1
Housing and Urban Development...................         1.7          1.7          1.6          1.6          1.5          1.5          1.4          1.4
Interior........................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4
Justice.........................................         1.2          1.0          1.0          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.8          0.8
Labor...........................................         2.3          3.1          3.3          2.5          2.2          2.2          2.1          2.1
State...........................................         0.4          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Transportation..................................         3.4          2.9          2.5          2.4          2.3          2.3          2.2          2.2
Treasury........................................        20.0         17.7         17.1         17.5         18.7         19.5         19.8         20.1
Veterans Affairs................................         2.4          2.5          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.6          2.6
Corps of Engineers..............................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................         1.8          1.7          1.9          1.8          1.7          1.6          1.6          1.5
Environmental Protection Agency.................         0.4          0.4          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3
Executive Office of the President...............         0.7            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         0.2   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
General Services Administration.................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
International Assistance Programs...............         0.6          0.7          0.6          0.6          0.7          0.8          0.8          0.8
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...         0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.6
National Science Foundation.....................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Office of Personnel Management..................         2.7          2.6          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.7          2.7
Small Business Administration...................          -*            *          0.1            *            *            *            *            *
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......         2.2          2.1          2.0          2.1          2.3          2.1          2.0          2.1
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....        21.9         21.5         21.7         21.6         21.3         21.0         20.9         20.9
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........         0.7          0.9          0.7          0.8          0.8          0.7          0.7          0.7
Other Independent Agencies (Off-budget).........         0.2          0.1            *            *            *            *          0.1            *
Allowances......................................  ...........  ...........        -0.1           -*           -*           -*           -*           -*
Undistributed offsetting receipts...............        -9.8         -9.6         -9.6         -9.7        -10.3        -10.3        -10.2        -10.4
  (On-budget)...................................       (-5.8)       (-5.5)       (-5.3)       (-5.3)       (-5.7)       (-5.5)       (-5.3)       (-5.3)
  (Off-budget)..................................       (-3.9)       (-4.1)       (-4.3)       (-4.4)       (-4.6)       (-4.7)       (-4.9)       (-5.2)
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total budget authority....................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.



[[Page 101]]

 
                                                                 Table 5.4--DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         934          226        1,055        1,077        1,114        1,297        1,226        1,379        1,634
The Judiciary..............................................................         346           87          429          453          514          600          647          723          811
Agriculture................................................................       4,592        1,037        5,303        5,841        6,196        6,763        7,591        7,037        8,099
Commerce...................................................................       1,737          358        7,820        1,897        2,092        2,619        2,080        1,840        1,984
Defense--Military..........................................................      95,740       22,965      108,146      114,688      124,052      141,346      176,607      212,230      238,920
Education..................................................................       8,249        3,015        9,674       10,097       11,650       11,717       11,409       10,689       11,265
Energy.....................................................................       5,260        1,400        7,653       11,275       10,868        6,779       13,438       12,986       12,639
Health and Human Services..................................................       8,005        1,664        9,048       10,274       11,023       13,640       14,206       13,896       14,697
Housing and Urban Development..............................................      21,551          167       33,057       37,320       30,218       33,326       31,543       18,839       15,802
Interior...................................................................       2,858        1,006        4,026        4,837        5,019        4,950        4,781        4,499        5,240
Justice....................................................................       2,264          587        2,427        2,475        2,601        2,575        2,429        2,725        3,145
Labor......................................................................       7,821        1,103       15,046        5,934       13,054       11,220       10,830        6,479        8,065
State......................................................................       1,191          456        1,471        1,725        1,982        2,282        2,449        2,631        2,789
Transportation.............................................................       5,596        1,030        5,374        6,139        8,555        9,842       13,028       13,449       11,114
Treasury...................................................................       4,776        2,026        4,285        5,040        3,764       16,943        2,731        3,945        4,451
Veterans Affairs...........................................................       4,920        1,213        5,600        6,237        6,743        7,026        7,568        8,464        9,508
Corps of Engineers.........................................................       2,177          659        2,481        2,778        2,782        3,249        3,093        2,990        3,412
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................          64           13           36           35           38           57           61           60           68
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         772          189        2,764        5,499        5,403        4,669        3,026        3,676        3,689
Executive Office of the President..........................................          70           18           79           78           83          101          104           93          102
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         348           82          501          794          753        1,392          687          633          715
General Services Administration............................................         320           66          380          211          406          370          442          350          489
International Assistance Programs..........................................       6,023          938        6,820        8,314       10,461        9,623       13,799       10,489       12,065
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................       3,552          932        3,876        4,244        4,743        5,350        5,634        6,200        7,065
National Science Foundation................................................         715          168          776          863          911          987        1,022          996        1,094
Office of Personnel Management.............................................         134           34          147          152          159          164          170          139          140
Small Business Administration..............................................         621           31        1,068        3,555        2,081        2,145        1,355          748        1,278
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         485          126          526          573          603          658          719          780          846
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................       1,086          279        1,181        1,292        1,365        1,451        1,635        1,905        2,120
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................       5,563        2,707        5,769        6,243        6,780        8,096        6,649        4,697        5,035
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority.................................     197,766       44,583      246,817      259,940      276,016      311,237      340,959      355,567      388,278
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 102]]


                                                            Table 5.4--DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                                    (in millions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1984         1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................       1,629        1,550        1,580        1,748        1,776        1,840        1,987        2,218        2,337
The Judiciary..............................................................         891        1,040        1,031        1,260        1,330        1,349        1,584        1,911        2,207
Agriculture................................................................       8,324        9,188        8,632        8,883        9,196       10,206       10,991       11,815       15,493
Commerce...................................................................       2,048        2,323        2,111        2,194        2,465        2,769        3,638        2,690        3,082
Defense--Military..........................................................     258,686      287,124      282,016      280,128      284,378      291,482      293,836      319,722      286,411
Education..................................................................      12,046       14,057       13,388       15,538       16,235       17,138       18,738       21,184       22,869
Energy.....................................................................      12,668       14,105       11,798       11,545       12,984       13,427       16,012       18,078       19,033
Health and Human Services..................................................      15,555       16,601       16,495       18,132       19,349       20,710       22,941       26,657       28,747
Housing and Urban Development..............................................      16,702       17,026       14,889       12,870       12,700       12,399       14,454       23,301       22,838
Interior...................................................................       5,116        5,459        4,682        5,196        5,321        5,605        6,453        6,957        7,139
Justice....................................................................       3,569        3,901        3,913        5,125        5,416        6,271        8,340        8,238        9,216
Labor......................................................................      11,222        7,709        7,173        7,716        7,906        7,970        8,415        9,025       10,034
State......................................................................       3,025        3,636        4,110        3,841        3,909        4,176        4,417        4,947        5,832
Transportation.............................................................      10,550       10,852        9,394        9,717        9,769       10,720       12,719       13,234       14,276
Treasury...................................................................       4,867        5,505        5,501        5,900        7,315        7,457        7,883        8,495        9,366
Veterans Affairs...........................................................       9,927       10,764       10,716       11,282       11,611       12,331       13,005       14,087       15,260
Corps of Engineers.........................................................       2,681        2,891        2,726        3,126        3,247        3,236        3,182        3,302        3,656
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................          79           89           98          117           97          107          112          108          115
Environmental Protection Agency............................................       4,067        4,354        3,462        5,364        5,027        5,155        5,491        6,094        6,645
Executive Office of the President..........................................         110          116          108          119          126          131          179          184          202
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         614          634          867          684          685        1,793        1,849          619        4,836
General Services Administration............................................         394          427          446          254           87          121        2,237        2,012          376
International Assistance Programs..........................................      20,597       18,232       14,690       13,617       12,873       12,246       13,539       14,262       12,616
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................       7,458        7,573        7,807       10,923        9,061       10,872       12,222       14,015       14,316
National Science Foundation................................................       1,323        1,502        1,458        1,623        1,717        1,922        2,084        2,316        2,573
Office of Personnel Management.............................................         149          149          140          152          160          175          202          201          211
Small Business Administration..............................................         971        1,254          714          604          418          419          928          464        1,577
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         905          939          985          972        1,119        1,090        1,090        1,415        1,321
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................       2,080        2,110        2,193        2,147        2,257        2,121        2,223        2,399        2,540
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................       5,393        5,481        4,778        4,988        4,719        5,839        5,955        6,148        6,269
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority.................................     423,645      456,592      437,903      445,764      453,251      471,081      496,704      546,099      531,392
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 103]]


                                        Table 5.4--DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       2,313        2,302        2,395        2,158        2,246        2,320        2,626        2,531
The Judiciary...................................       2,367        2,510        2,659        2,803        3,004        3,195        3,397        3,669
Agriculture.....................................      15,626       16,838       15,548       15,331       15,692       15,794       16,450       17,091
Commerce........................................       3,221        3,898        4,090        3,664        3,821        4,167        5,387        8,670
Defense--Military...............................     262,617      250,471      252,472      253,787      254,046      259,894      274,763      287,336
Education.......................................      23,853       24,709       24,664       21,698       26,637       29,752       28,766       29,362
Energy..........................................      19,262       18,727       17,172       16,415       16,530       16,802       17,925       17,767
Health and Human Services.......................      30,134       32,958       33,313       33,168       34,412       37,122       41,516       45,452
Housing and Urban Development...................      24,170       24,049       19,566       20,252       15,042       19,744       22,163       21,111
Interior........................................       7,047        7,506        7,226        7,057        7,327        8,064        7,964        8,462
Justice.........................................       9,660        9,798       12,731       15,075       16,906       18,057       18,911       19,313
Labor...........................................       9,954       10,630        9,378        9,366       10,250       10,705       10,979        8,761
State...........................................       6,194        6,662        5,742        5,431        5,530        5,584        8,323        7,776
Transportation..................................      13,499       14,449       11,196       12,649       13,583       12,986       14,343       14,482
Treasury........................................       9,740        9,993       10,228       10,002       10,155       11,001       12,330       12,012
Veterans Affairs................................      16,194       17,151       17,577       17,757       18,865       18,895       19,213       20,850
Corps of Engineers..............................       3,842        3,915        3,330        3,362        4,110        4,171        4,093        4,119
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................         120          117          114          114          113          131          135          134
Environmental Protection Agency.................       6,923        6,645        5,971        6,525        6,800        7,366        7,590        7,572
Executive Office of the President...............         237          236          184          204          217          246          428          272
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       2,632        6,000        4,178        4,040        5,202        2,551        2,981        3,944
General Services Administration.................         289          585          179          224          570           94          541          -29
International Assistance Programs...............      24,512       11,459       11,840       10,695       10,598       11,385       30,956       13,628
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,309       14,568       13,853       13,885       13,709       13,648       13,654       13,601
National Science Foundation.....................       2,734        3,018        3,227        3,219        3,271        3,431        3,675        3,912
Office of Personnel Management..................         242          233          218          193          194          191          188          198
Small Business Administration...................         925        1,894          792          815          854          716          830          892
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......       1,476        1,781        2,390        1,892        2,147        2,272        2,333        2,458
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....       2,640        2,828        2,325        3,135        3,451        3,195        3,144        3,195
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       6,234        6,659        6,862        6,042        5,933        6,154        6,236        5,809
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority......     522,970      512,589      501,420      500,957      511,215      529,633      581,840      584,350
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 104]]


                                        Table 5.4--DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
            Department or other unit                  2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................       2,849        3,311        3,472        3,823        3,894        3,976        4,061        4,165
The Judiciary...................................       3,991        4,422        4,930        5,111        5,218        5,337        5,465        5,616
Agriculture.....................................      19,384       20,024       19,545       19,503       19,954       20,364       20,799       21,401
Commerce........................................       5,102        5,442        5,138        5,406        5,810        5,877        6,017        6,494
Defense--Military...............................     306,863      344,407      364,634      379,898      399,832      419,820      440,496      461,788
Education.......................................      40,103       49,505       50,310       53,137       61,108       62,376       63,774       65,404
Energy..........................................      20,122       21,318       22,064       23,376       24,352       24,442       24,028       24,152
Health and Human Services.......................      54,249       61,098       64,562       66,195       60,605       61,938       63,307       64,922
Homeland Security...............................  ...........      29,923       25,355       26,697       27,265       27,844       28,454       29,185
Housing and Urban Development...................      28,357       31,428       30,901       31,301       32,246       33,407       34,266       34,999
Interior........................................      10,268       10,539       10,236       10,587       10,758       10,978       11,212       11,506
Justice.........................................      21,942       19,677       18,309       17,697       19,497       19,941       20,433       20,993
Labor...........................................      11,958       12,335       11,595       11,535       11,750       11,991       11,401       10,723
State...........................................       7,774        9,385        9,141        9,761        9,941       10,145       10,371       10,634
Transportation..................................      18,613       15,764       12,919       13,673       13,925       14,164       14,473       14,843
Treasury........................................      13,816       10,545       11,011       11,397       11,608       11,844       12,110       12,414
Veterans Affairs................................      22,375       23,940       25,358       28,057       28,520       28,959       29,430       30,007
Corps of Engineers..............................       4,687        4,649        4,016        4,049        4,072        4,156        4,241        4,342
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................         141          154          148          152          155          157          162          166
Environmental Protection Agency.................       7,835        8,080        7,617        7,627        7,765        7,923        8,099        8,304
Executive Office of the President...............      13,306          330          330          340          347          352          360          369
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............       4,435   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
General Services Administration.................         469          260          354          101          101          108          106          109
International Assistance Programs...............      12,590       13,649       14,232       17,039       18,146       19,041       20,025       20,680
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...      14,253       14,892       15,000       15,469       16,041       16,657       17,297       17,804
National Science Foundation.....................       4,431        4,823        5,028        5,481        5,607        5,709        5,818        5,970
Office of Personnel Management..................         206          229          264          771          785          802          819          840
Small Business Administration...................       1,000          912          779          798          813          830          848          870
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......       2,600        2,878        2,872        3,084        3,136        3,195        3,260        3,338
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....       3,430        3,504        3,837        4,257        4,338        4,424        4,522        4,638
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........       6,683        7,273        6,728        6,415        6,427        6,069        7,298        7,502
Allowances......................................  ...........  ...........      -1,661         -518         -523         -529         -536         -544
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority......     663,832      734,696      749,024      782,219      813,493      842,297      872,416      903,634
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 105]]

 
                                                    Table 5.5--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980         1981         1982         1983
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
The Judiciary..............................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Agriculture................................................................         2.3          2.3          2.1          2.2          2.2          2.2          2.2          2.0          2.1
Commerce...................................................................         0.9          0.8          3.2          0.7          0.8          0.8          0.6          0.5          0.5
Defense--Military..........................................................        48.4         51.5         43.8         44.1         44.9         45.4         51.8         59.7         61.5
Education..................................................................         4.2          6.8          3.9          3.9          4.2          3.8          3.3          3.0          2.9
Energy.....................................................................         2.7          3.1          3.1          4.3          3.9          2.2          3.9          3.7          3.3
Health and Human Services..................................................         4.0          3.7          3.7          4.0          4.0          4.4          4.2          3.9          3.8
Housing and Urban Development..............................................        10.9          0.4         13.4         14.4         10.9         10.7          9.3          5.3          4.1
Interior...................................................................         1.4          2.3          1.6          1.9          1.8          1.6          1.4          1.3          1.3
Justice....................................................................         1.1          1.3          1.0          1.0          0.9          0.8          0.7          0.8          0.8
Labor......................................................................         4.0          2.5          6.1          2.3          4.7          3.6          3.2          1.8          2.1
State......................................................................         0.6          1.0          0.6          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7
Transportation.............................................................         2.8          2.3          2.2          2.4          3.1          3.2          3.8          3.8          2.9
Treasury...................................................................         2.4          4.5          1.7          1.9          1.4          5.4          0.8          1.1          1.1
Veterans Affairs...........................................................         2.5          2.7          2.3          2.4          2.4          2.3          2.2          2.4          2.4
Corps of Engineers.........................................................         1.1          1.5          1.0          1.1          1.0          1.0          0.9          0.8          0.9
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         0.4          0.4          1.1          2.1          2.0          1.5          0.9          1.0          1.0
Executive Office of the President..........................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.3          0.4          0.2          0.2          0.2
General Services Administration............................................         0.2          0.1          0.2          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1
International Assistance Programs..........................................         3.0          2.1          2.8          3.2          3.8          3.1          4.0          3.0          3.1
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................         1.8          2.1          1.6          1.6          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.8
National Science Foundation................................................         0.4          0.4          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3
Office of Personnel Management.............................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1            *            *            *
Small Business Administration..............................................         0.3          0.1          0.4          1.4          0.8          0.7          0.4          0.2          0.3
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         0.2          0.3          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................         0.5          0.6          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................         2.8          6.1          2.3          2.4          2.5          2.6          2.0          1.3          1.3
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority.................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.


[[Page 106]]


                                              Table 5.5--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Department or other unit                               1984         1985         1986         1987         1988         1989         1990         1991         1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch.........................................................         0.4          0.3          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
The Judiciary..............................................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.3          0.4
Agriculture................................................................         2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.2          2.2          2.2          2.9
Commerce...................................................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.6          0.7          0.5          0.6
Defense--Military..........................................................        61.1         62.9         64.4         62.8         62.7         61.9         59.2         58.5         53.9
Education..................................................................         2.8          3.1          3.1          3.5          3.6          3.6          3.8          3.9          4.3
Energy.....................................................................         3.0          3.1          2.7          2.6          2.9          2.9          3.2          3.3          3.6
Health and Human Services..................................................         3.7          3.6          3.8          4.1          4.3          4.4          4.6          4.9          5.4
Housing and Urban Development..............................................         3.9          3.7          3.4          2.9          2.8          2.6          2.9          4.3          4.3
Interior...................................................................         1.2          1.2          1.1          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.3          1.3          1.3
Justice....................................................................         0.8          0.9          0.9          1.1          1.2          1.3          1.7          1.5          1.7
Labor......................................................................         2.6          1.7          1.6          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.9
State......................................................................         0.7          0.8          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          0.9          1.1
Transportation.............................................................         2.5          2.4          2.1          2.2          2.2          2.3          2.6          2.4          2.7
Treasury...................................................................         1.1          1.2          1.3          1.3          1.6          1.6          1.6          1.6          1.8
Veterans Affairs...........................................................         2.3          2.4          2.4          2.5          2.6          2.6          2.6          2.6          2.9
Corps of Engineers.........................................................         0.6          0.6          0.6          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.6          0.6          0.7
Other Defense--Civil Programs..............................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Environmental Protection Agency............................................         1.0          1.0          0.8          1.2          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.3
Executive Office of the President..........................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency........................................         0.1          0.1          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.4          0.4          0.1          0.9
General Services Administration............................................         0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1            *            *          0.5          0.4          0.1
International Assistance Programs..........................................         4.9          4.0          3.4          3.1          2.8          2.6          2.7          2.6          2.4
National Aeronautics and Space Administration..............................         1.8          1.7          1.8          2.5          2.0          2.3          2.5          2.6          2.7
National Science Foundation................................................         0.3          0.3          0.3          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.5
Office of Personnel Management.............................................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Small Business Administration..............................................         0.2          0.3          0.2          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.2          0.1          0.3
Social Security Administration (On-budget).................................         0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.3          0.2
Social Security Administration (Off-budget)................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.5
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget).....................................         1.3          1.2          1.1          1.1          1.0          1.2          1.2          1.1          1.2
                                                                            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority.................................       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.


[[Page 107]]


                          Table 5.5--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Department or other unit                  1993         1994         1995         1996         1997         1998         1999         2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         0.4          0.4          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.5          0.4
The Judiciary...................................         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6
Agriculture.....................................         3.0          3.3          3.1          3.1          3.1          3.0          2.8          2.9
Commerce........................................         0.6          0.8          0.8          0.7          0.7          0.8          0.9          1.5
Defense--Military...............................        50.2         48.9         50.4         50.7         49.7         49.1         47.2         49.2
Education.......................................         4.6          4.8          4.9          4.3          5.2          5.6          4.9          5.0
Energy..........................................         3.7          3.7          3.4          3.3          3.2          3.2          3.1          3.0
Health and Human Services.......................         5.8          6.4          6.6          6.6          6.7          7.0          7.1          7.8
Housing and Urban Development...................         4.6          4.7          3.9          4.0          2.9          3.7          3.8          3.6
Interior........................................         1.3          1.5          1.4          1.4          1.4          1.5          1.4          1.4
Justice.........................................         1.8          1.9          2.5          3.0          3.3          3.4          3.3          3.3
Labor...........................................         1.9          2.1          1.9          1.9          2.0          2.0          1.9          1.5
State...........................................         1.2          1.3          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.1          1.4          1.3
Transportation..................................         2.6          2.8          2.2          2.5          2.7          2.5          2.5          2.5
Treasury........................................         1.9          1.9          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.1          2.1          2.1
Veterans Affairs................................         3.1          3.3          3.5          3.5          3.7          3.6          3.3          3.6
Corps of Engineers..............................         0.7          0.8          0.7          0.7          0.8          0.8          0.7          0.7
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Environmental Protection Agency.................         1.3          1.3          1.2          1.3          1.3          1.4          1.3          1.3
Executive Office of the President...............           *            *            *            *            *            *          0.1            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         0.5          1.2          0.8          0.8          1.0          0.5          0.5          0.7
General Services Administration.................         0.1          0.1            *            *          0.1            *          0.1           -*
International Assistance Programs...............         4.7          2.2          2.4          2.1          2.1          2.1          5.3          2.3
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...         2.7          2.8          2.8          2.8          2.7          2.6          2.3          2.3
National Science Foundation.....................         0.5          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.7
Office of Personnel Management..................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Small Business Administration...................         0.2          0.4          0.2          0.2          0.2          0.1          0.1          0.2
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......         0.3          0.3          0.5          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....         0.5          0.6          0.5          0.6          0.7          0.6          0.5          0.5
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........         1.2          1.3          1.4          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.1          1.0
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority......       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of table.


[[Page 108]]


                          Table 5.5--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY BY AGENCY: 1976-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                2003         2004         2005         2006         2007         2008
            Department or other unit                  2001         2002       estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legislative Branch..............................         0.4          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
The Judiciary...................................         0.6          0.6          0.7          0.7          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.6
Agriculture.....................................         2.9          2.7          2.6          2.5          2.5          2.4          2.4          2.4
Commerce........................................         0.8          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7
Defense--Military...............................        46.2         46.9         48.7         48.6         49.2         49.8         50.5         51.1
Education.......................................         6.0          6.7          6.7          6.8          7.5          7.4          7.3          7.2
Energy..........................................         3.0          2.9          2.9          3.0          3.0          2.9          2.8          2.7
Health and Human Services.......................         8.2          8.3          8.6          8.5          7.4          7.4          7.3          7.2
Homeland Security...............................  ...........         4.1          3.4          3.4          3.4          3.3          3.3          3.2
Housing and Urban Development...................         4.3          4.3          4.1          4.0          4.0          4.0          3.9          3.9
Interior........................................         1.5          1.4          1.4          1.4          1.3          1.3          1.3          1.3
Justice.........................................         3.3          2.7          2.4          2.3          2.4          2.4          2.3          2.3
Labor...........................................         1.8          1.7          1.5          1.5          1.4          1.4          1.3          1.2
State...........................................         1.2          1.3          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.2          1.2
Transportation..................................         2.8          2.1          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.7          1.6
Treasury........................................         2.1          1.4          1.5          1.5          1.4          1.4          1.4          1.4
Veterans Affairs................................         3.4          3.3          3.4          3.6          3.5          3.4          3.4          3.3
Corps of Engineers..............................         0.7          0.6          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
Other Defense--Civil Programs...................           *            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Environmental Protection Agency.................         1.2          1.1          1.0          1.0          1.0          0.9          0.9          0.9
Executive Office of the President...............         2.0            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
Federal Emergency Management Agency.............         0.7   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
General Services Administration.................         0.1            *            *            *            *            *            *            *
International Assistance Programs...............         1.9          1.9          1.9          2.2          2.2          2.3          2.3          2.3
National Aeronautics and Space Administration...         2.1          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0          2.0
National Science Foundation.....................         0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7          0.7
Office of Personnel Management..................           *            *            *          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1
Small Business Administration...................         0.2          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1
Social Security Administration (On-budget)......         0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4          0.4
Social Security Administration (Off-budget).....         0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5          0.5
Other Independent Agencies (On-budget)..........         1.0          1.0          0.9          0.8          0.8          0.7          0.8          0.8
Allowances......................................  ...........  ...........        -0.2         -0.1         -0.1         -0.1         -0.1         -0.1
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total discretionary budget authority......       100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0        100.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.



[[Page 109]]

 
                                                      Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1940        1941        1942        1943        1944        1945        1946        1947        1948        1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      9,468      13,653      35,137      78,555      91,304      92,712      55,232      34,496      29,764      38,835
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      1,660       6,435      25,658      66,699      79,143      82,965      42,681      12,808       9,105      13,150
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      1,657       1,730       1,758       1,647       1,721       2,215       5,673       9,052       9,043      10,065
    Direct payments \2\.........     (1,360)     (1,374)     (1,348)     (1,220)     (1,260)     (1,784)     (5,222)     (8,292)     (8,208)     (9,029)
    Grants to State and local          (298)       (356)       (410)       (427)       (461)       (432)       (451)       (761)       (835)     (1,036)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        574         491         482         487         449         427         368         842         777         840
  Net Interest \2\..............        899         943       1,052       1,529       2,219       3,112       4,111       4,204       4,341       4,523
  All other \2\.................      4,995       4,601       7,081       9,414       9,092       5,382       3,867       9,141       8,141      12,035
  Undistributed offsetting             -317        -547        -894      -1,221      -1,320      -1,389      -1,468      -1,552      -1,643      -1,779
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............      7,808       7,218       9,479      11,856      12,161       9,747      12,551      21,688      20,659      25,685
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       94.3       129.2       297.8       611.3       755.2       804.1       458.4       255.3       218.7       292.9
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       17.8        58.3       196.5       480.5       628.6       716.5       365.7        99.4        76.5       109.1
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       16.8        17.0        15.8        13.4        13.0        15.9        38.6        57.3        52.3        56.7
    Direct payments \2\.........      (13.8)      (13.5)      (12.1)       (9.9)       (9.5)      (12.8)      (35.6)      (52.5)      (47.5)      (50.9)
    Grants to State and local          (3.0)       (3.5)       (3.7)       (3.5)       (3.5)       (3.1)       (3.1)       (4.8)       (4.8)       (5.8)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        7.4         6.9         6.8         6.4         5.7         5.4         4.3         7.4         6.6         6.7
  Net Interest \2\..............        8.7         8.8         9.2        12.5        17.4        23.9        29.4        27.2        25.7        25.9
  All other \2\.................       47.5        45.4        81.6       114.1       106.3        58.0        33.4        77.3        73.0       111.9
  Undistributed offsetting             -4.1        -7.3       -11.9       -15.5       -15.7       -15.3       -13.4       -13.5       -15.5       -17.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       76.5        70.8       101.4       130.9       126.8        87.9        92.4       155.8       142.1       183.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................        9.8        12.0        24.4        43.6        43.7        41.9        24.8        14.7        11.6        14.3
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        1.7         5.6        17.8        37.0        37.9        37.5        19.2         5.5         3.6         4.8
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        1.7         1.5         1.2         0.9         0.8         1.0         2.5         3.9         3.5         3.7
    Direct payments \2\.........       (1.4)       (1.2)       (0.9)       (0.7)       (0.6)       (0.8)       (2.3)       (3.5)       (3.2)       (3.3)
    Grants to State and local          (0.3)       (0.3)       (0.3)       (0.2)       (0.2)       (0.2)       (0.2)       (0.3)       (0.3)       (0.4)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        0.6         0.4         0.3         0.3         0.2         0.2         0.2         0.4         0.3         0.3
  Net Interest \2\..............        0.9         0.8         0.7         0.8         1.1         1.4         1.8         1.8         1.7         1.7
  All other \2\.................        5.2         4.0         4.9         5.2         4.4         2.4         1.7         3.9         3.2         4.4
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.3        -0.5        -0.6        -0.7        -0.6        -0.6        -0.7        -0.7        -0.6        -0.7
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............        8.1         6.3         6.6         6.6         5.8         4.4         5.6         9.2         8.1         9.5
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......       96.7       114.0       144.2       180.1       209.0       221.3       222.7       234.6       256.4       271.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       17.5        47.1        73.0        84.9        86.7        89.5        77.3        37.1        30.6        33.9
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       17.5        12.7         5.0         2.1         1.9         2.4        10.3        26.2        30.4        25.9
    Direct payments \2\.........      (14.4)      (10.1)       (3.8)       (1.6)       (1.4)       (1.9)       (9.5)      (24.0)      (27.6)      (23.3)
    Grants to State and local          (3.1)       (2.6)       (1.2)       (0.5)       (0.5)       (0.5)       (0.8)       (2.2)       (2.8)       (2.7)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        6.1         3.6         1.4         0.6         0.5         0.5         0.7         2.4         2.6         2.2
  Net Interest \2\..............        9.5         6.9         3.0         1.9         2.4         3.4         7.4        12.2        14.6        11.6
  All other \2\.................       52.8        33.7        20.2        12.0        10.0         5.8         7.0        26.5        27.4        31.0
  Undistributed offsetting             -3.4        -4.0        -2.5        -1.6        -1.4        -1.5        -2.7        -4.5        -5.5        -4.6
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       82.5        52.9        27.0        15.1        13.3        10.5        22.7        62.9        69.4        66.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 110]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1950        1951        1952        1953        1954        1955        1956        1957        1958        1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................     42,562      45,514      67,686      76,101      70,855      68,444      70,640      76,578      82,405      92,098
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............     13,724      23,566      46,089      52,802      49,266      42,729      42,523      45,430      46,815      49,015
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......     13,664      10,279      10,853      10,950      12,610      14,297      15,208      17,027      20,931      22,757
    Direct payments \2\.........    (12,407)     (8,955)     (9,528)     (9,460)    (10,999)    (12,674)    (13,534)    (15,226)    (18,810)    (20,393)
    Grants to State and local        (1,257)     (1,324)     (1,325)     (1,490)     (1,611)     (1,623)     (1,674)     (1,802)     (2,121)     (2,364)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        996         964       1,108       1,332       1,431       1,574       1,877       2,164       2,770       4,088
  Net Interest \2\..............      4,812       4,665       4,701       5,156       4,811       4,850       5,079       5,354       5,604       5,762
  All other \2\.................     11,182       8,373       8,313       9,432       6,134       8,488       9,541      10,750      10,670      15,089
  Undistributed offsetting           -1,817      -2,332      -3,377      -3,571      -3,397      -3,493      -3,589      -4,146      -4,385      -4,613
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............     28,838      21,948      21,597      23,299      21,589      25,715      28,117      31,148      35,590      43,083
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      312.5       326.0       483.5       510.4       456.8       431.3       425.8       442.4       450.8       494.6
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      113.9       186.1       352.4       372.1       341.4       285.4       265.3       270.4       267.2       267.7
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       78.0        55.6        56.5        56.1        63.7        72.2        75.9        82.7        98.7       105.6
    Direct payments \2\.........      (70.9)      (48.4)      (49.6)      (48.5)      (55.6)      (64.0)      (67.6)      (73.9)      (88.7)      (94.6)
    Grants to State and local          (7.2)       (7.2)       (6.9)       (7.7)       (8.1)       (8.2)       (8.4)       (8.7)      (10.0)      (11.0)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        8.4         7.1         8.0         9.0         9.9        10.6        12.3        13.1        15.5        21.8
  Net Interest \2\..............       27.9        25.7        24.9        26.8        24.7        24.7        25.2        25.6        26.0        26.3
  All other \2\.................      102.0        74.5        76.8        80.4        48.8        69.6        78.8        87.1        79.2       110.1
  Undistributed offsetting            -17.7       -22.9       -35.1       -34.1       -31.6       -31.2       -31.8       -36.6       -36.0       -36.7
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............      198.6       140.0       131.0       138.3       115.6       145.9       160.4       171.9       183.5       227.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       15.6        14.2        19.4        20.4        18.7        17.3        16.5        17.0        17.9        18.7
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        5.0         7.3        13.2        14.1        13.0        10.8         9.9        10.1        10.2        10.0
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        5.0         3.2         3.1         2.9         3.3         3.6         3.6         3.8         4.5         4.6
    Direct payments \2\.........       (4.5)       (2.8)       (2.7)       (2.5)       (2.9)       (3.2)       (3.2)       (3.4)       (4.1)       (4.1)
    Grants to State and local          (0.5)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.4)       (0.5)       (0.5)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        0.4         0.3         0.3         0.4         0.4         0.4         0.4         0.5         0.6         0.8
  Net Interest \2\..............        1.8         1.5         1.3         1.4         1.3         1.2         1.2         1.2         1.2         1.2
  All other \2\.................        4.1         2.6         2.4         2.5         1.6         2.1         2.2         2.4         2.3         3.1
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.7        -0.7        -1.0        -1.0        -0.9        -0.9        -0.8        -0.9        -1.0        -0.9
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       10.5         6.8         6.2         6.2         5.7         6.5         6.6         6.9         7.7         8.8
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......      273.4       321.0       348.8       373.4       378.0       395.2       427.7       450.7       461.1       492.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       32.2        51.8        68.1        69.4        69.5        62.4        60.2        59.3        56.8        53.2
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       32.1        22.6        16.0        14.4        17.8        20.9        21.5        22.2        25.4        24.7
    Direct payments \2\.........      (29.2)      (19.7)      (14.1)      (12.4)      (15.5)      (18.5)      (19.2)      (19.9)      (22.8)      (22.1)
    Grants to State and local          (3.0)       (2.9)       (2.0)       (2.0)       (2.3)       (2.4)       (2.4)       (2.4)       (2.6)       (2.6)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        2.3         2.1         1.6         1.8         2.0         2.3         2.7         2.8         3.4         4.4
  Net Interest \2\..............       11.3        10.2         6.9         6.8         6.8         7.1         7.2         7.0         6.8         6.3
  All other \2\.................       26.3        18.4        12.3        12.4         8.7        12.4        13.5        14.0        12.9        16.4
  Undistributed offsetting             -4.3        -5.1        -5.0        -4.7        -4.8        -5.1        -5.1        -5.4        -5.3        -5.0
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       67.8        48.2        31.9        30.6        30.5        37.6        39.8        40.7        43.2        46.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 111]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1960        1961        1962        1963        1964        1965        1966        1967        1968        1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................     92,191      97,723     106,821     111,316     118,528     118,228     134,532     157,464     178,134     183,640
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............     48,130      49,601      52,345      53,400      54,757      50,620      58,111      71,417      81,926      82,497
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......     24,162      27,525      28,938      30,958      32,217      33,103      37,076      43,211      49,849      57,225
    Direct payments \2\.........    (21,682)    (24,907)    (25,987)    (27,677)    (28,658)    (29,385)    (32,771)    (38,392)    (43,779)    (49,983)
    Grants to State and local        (2,480)     (2,618)     (2,951)     (3,280)     (3,559)     (3,718)     (4,305)     (4,819)     (6,070)     (7,243)
     governments................
  All other grants..............      4,534       4,497       4,958       5,281       6,571       7,159       8,557      10,387      12,454      12,887
  Net Interest \2\..............      6,947       6,716       6,889       7,740       8,199       8,591       9,386      10,268      11,090      12,699
  All other \2\.................     13,238      14,191      18,965      19,734      22,492      24,663      27,944      29,475      30,861      26,318
  Undistributed offsetting           -4,820      -4,807      -5,274      -5,797      -5,708      -5,908      -6,542      -7,294      -8,045      -7,986
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............     44,061      48,122      54,477      57,915      63,771      67,608      76,421      86,047      96,208     101,143
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      493.0       509.2       556.9       556.9       585.0       575.6       637.0       719.7       779.2       757.3
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      273.0       274.2       287.3       281.5       286.5       264.5       292.3       346.9       379.1       361.0
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      110.0       123.5       128.7       136.0       139.7       141.6       155.7       176.7       197.7       217.7
    Direct payments \2\.........      (98.7)     (111.8)     (115.5)     (121.6)     (124.3)     (125.7)     (137.6)     (157.0)     (173.6)     (190.1)
    Grants to State and local         (11.3)      (11.8)      (13.1)      (14.4)      (15.4)      (15.9)      (18.1)      (19.7)      (24.1)      (27.6)
     governments................
  All other grants..............       24.0        24.0        26.1        27.0        33.0        35.1        41.9        49.1        56.4        55.2
  Net Interest \2\..............       31.4        29.9        30.4        33.7        35.3        36.3        38.8        41.2        42.9        47.0
  All other \2\.................       93.0        93.9       123.3       120.1       130.2       136.9       149.3       147.4       145.4       115.6
  Undistributed offsetting            -38.5       -36.3       -38.9       -41.3       -39.5       -38.8       -41.0       -41.5       -42.1       -39.2
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............      219.9       235.1       269.6       275.5       298.6       311.1       344.7       372.8       400.2       396.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       17.8        18.4        18.8        18.6        18.5        17.2        17.8        19.4        20.5        19.3
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        9.3         9.3         9.2         8.9         8.5         7.4         7.7         8.8         9.4         8.7
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        4.7         5.2         5.1         5.2         5.0         4.8         4.9         5.3         5.7         6.0
    Direct payments \2\.........       (4.2)       (4.7)       (4.6)       (4.6)       (4.5)       (4.3)       (4.3)       (4.7)       (5.0)       (5.3)
    Grants to State and local          (0.5)       (0.5)       (0.5)       (0.5)       (0.6)       (0.5)       (0.6)       (0.6)       (0.7)       (0.8)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        0.9         0.8         0.9         0.9         1.0         1.0         1.1         1.3         1.4         1.4
  Net Interest \2\..............        1.3         1.3         1.2         1.3         1.3         1.2         1.2         1.3         1.3         1.3
  All other \2\.................        2.6         2.7         3.3         3.3         3.5         3.6         3.7         3.6         3.6         2.8
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.9        -0.9        -0.9        -1.0        -0.9        -0.9        -0.9        -0.9        -0.9        -0.8
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............        8.5         9.0         9.6         9.7         9.9         9.8        10.1        10.6        11.1        10.7
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......      518.9       531.8       568.5       599.7       641.3       687.9       754.2       813.5       868.4       949.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       52.2        50.8        49.0        48.0        46.2        42.8        43.2        45.4        46.0        44.9
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       26.2        28.2        27.1        27.8        27.2        28.0        27.6        27.4        28.0        31.2
    Direct payments \2\.........      (23.5)      (25.5)      (24.3)      (24.9)      (24.2)      (24.9)      (24.4)      (24.4)      (24.6)      (27.2)
    Grants to State and local          (2.7)       (2.7)       (2.8)       (2.9)       (3.0)       (3.1)       (3.2)       (3.1)       (3.4)       (3.9)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        4.9         4.6         4.6         4.7         5.5         6.1         6.4         6.6         7.0         7.0
  Net Interest \2\..............        7.5         6.9         6.4         7.0         6.9         7.3         7.0         6.5         6.2         6.9
  All other \2\.................       14.4        14.5        17.8        17.7        19.0        20.9        20.8        18.7        17.3        14.3
  Undistributed offsetting             -5.2        -4.9        -4.9        -5.2        -4.8        -5.0        -4.9        -4.6        -4.5        -4.3
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       47.8        49.2        51.0        52.0        53.8        57.2        56.8        54.6        54.0        55.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 112]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1970        1971        1972        1973        1974        1975        1976         TQ         1977        1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................    195,649     210,172     230,681     245,707     269,359     332,332     371,792      95,975     409,218     458,746
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............     81,692      78,872      79,174      76,681      79,347      86,509      89,619      22,269      97,241     104,495
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......     64,806      80,564      93,055     104,739     120,407     153,836     180,634      45,534     196,978     211,761
    Direct payments \2\.........    (56,079)    (70,030)    (79,112)    (90,860)   (105,557)   (137,074)   (160,576)    (40,449)   (174,268)   (186,967)
    Grants to State and local        (8,727)    (10,533)    (13,943)    (13,879)    (14,851)    (16,762)    (20,058)     (5,085)    (22,710)    (24,795)
     governments................
  All other grants..............     15,301      17,532      20,386      27,911      28,442      32,956      38,946      10,819      45,609      53,035
  Net Interest \2\..............     14,380      14,841      15,478      17,349      21,449      23,244      26,727       6,949      29,901      35,458
  All other \2\.................     28,102      28,471      32,171      32,437      36,462      49,390      50,251      14,611      54,369      69,716
  Undistributed offsetting           -8,632     -10,107      -9,583     -13,409     -16,749     -13,602     -14,386      -4,206     -14,879     -15,720
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............    113,958     131,300     151,507     169,026     190,012     245,824     282,173      73,707     311,977     354,251
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      761.6       768.2       791.6       799.3       810.8       909.3       948.0       237.3       964.7     1,014.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      338.5       308.5       282.6       255.3       244.9       240.7       231.6        55.8       230.2       230.6
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      235.2       279.7       311.1       337.3       359.0       416.4       459.5       112.3       465.6       468.3
    Direct payments \2\.........     (203.6)     (243.2)     (264.5)     (292.6)     (314.7)     (371.1)     (408.5)      (99.7)     (411.9)     (413.5)
    Grants to State and local         (31.7)      (36.6)      (46.6)      (44.7)      (44.3)      (45.4)      (51.1)      (12.5)      (53.7)      (54.9)
     governments................
  All other grants..............       61.1        64.9        71.7        93.7        87.4        90.9        99.5        26.6       108.2       118.0
  Net Interest \2\..............       50.5        49.6        49.4        53.0        61.2        60.1        64.6        16.3        67.2        74.6
  All other \2\.................      115.2       107.2       113.5       108.4       115.8       143.3       134.0        38.0       132.2       161.0
  Undistributed offsetting            -38.8       -41.6       -36.7       -48.6       -57.5       -42.3       -41.2       -11.7       -38.5       -38.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............      423.2       459.7       509.1       543.8       565.8       668.5       716.4       181.5       734.6       783.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       19.3        19.4        19.5        18.8        18.7        21.3        21.4        21.1        20.8        20.7
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        8.1         7.3         6.7         5.9         5.5         5.5         5.2         4.9         4.9         4.7
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        6.4         7.4         7.9         8.0         8.3         9.9        10.4        10.0        10.0         9.5
    Direct payments \2\.........       (5.5)       (6.5)       (6.7)       (6.9)       (7.3)       (8.8)       (9.2)       (8.9)       (8.8)       (8.4)
    Grants to State and local          (0.9)       (1.0)       (1.2)       (1.1)       (1.0)       (1.1)       (1.2)       (1.1)       (1.2)       (1.1)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        1.5         1.6         1.7         2.1         2.0         2.1         2.2         2.4         2.3         2.4
  Net Interest \2\..............        1.4         1.4         1.3         1.3         1.5         1.5         1.5         1.5         1.5         1.6
  All other \2\.................        2.8         2.6         2.7         2.5         2.5         3.2         2.9         3.2         2.8         3.1
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.9        -0.9        -0.8        -1.0        -1.2        -0.9        -0.8        -0.9        -0.8        -0.7
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       11.2        12.1        12.8        12.9        13.2        15.8        16.2        16.2        15.8        16.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......    1,013.2     1,081.4     1,181.5     1,308.1     1,442.1     1,559.8     1,736.7       454.8     1,971.3     2,218.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       41.8        37.5        34.3        31.2        29.5        26.0        24.1        23.2        23.8        22.8
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       33.1        38.3        40.3        42.6        44.7        46.3        48.6        47.4        48.1        46.2
    Direct payments \2\.........      (28.7)      (33.3)      (34.3)      (37.0)      (39.2)      (41.2)      (43.2)      (42.1)      (42.6)      (40.8)
    Grants to State and local          (4.5)       (5.0)       (6.0)       (5.6)       (5.5)       (5.0)       (5.4)       (5.3)       (5.5)       (5.4)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        7.8         8.3         8.8        11.4        10.6         9.9        10.5        11.3        11.1        11.6
  Net Interest \2\..............        7.4         7.1         6.7         7.1         8.0         7.0         7.2         7.2         7.3         7.7
  All other \2\.................       14.4        13.5        13.9        13.2        13.5        14.9        13.5        15.2        13.3        15.2
  Undistributed offsetting             -4.4        -4.8        -4.2        -5.5        -6.2        -4.1        -3.9        -4.4        -3.6        -3.4
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       58.2        62.5        65.7        68.8        70.5        74.0        75.9        76.8        76.2        77.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 113]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1979        1980        1981        1982        1983        1984        1985        1986        1987        1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................    504,028     590,941     678,241     745,743     808,364     851,853     946,396     990,430   1,004,082   1,064,455
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............    116,342     133,995     157,513     185,309     209,903     227,413     252,748     273,375     281,999     290,361
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......    233,837     278,530     325,216     358,342     396,933     401,868     428,051     452,069     472,079     501,661
    Direct payments \2\.........   (206,276)   (245,879)   (286,808)   (319,139)   (353,953)   (355,866)   (377,961)   (397,049)   (413,541)   (438,238)
    Grants to State and local       (27,561)    (32,652)    (38,408)    (39,202)    (42,980)    (46,001)    (50,090)    (55,020)    (58,538)    (63,422)
     governments................
  All other grants..............     55,697      58,641      56,221      48,864      49,381      51,456      55,605      57,135      49,669      51,732
  Net Interest \2\..............     42,633      52,533      68,766      85,032      89,808     111,102     129,478     136,017     138,611     151,803
  All other \2\.................     72,996      87,184      98,566      94,295      96,315      91,972     113,213     104,841      98,179     105,865
  Undistributed offsetting          -17,476     -19,942     -28,041     -26,099     -33,976     -31,957     -32,698     -33,007     -36,455     -36,967
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............    387,686     456,946     520,728     560,434     598,462     624,440     693,648     717,054     722,083     774,094
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................    1,028.0     1,092.5     1,137.0     1,167.8     1,209.6     1,214.7     1,304.7     1,332.5     1,314.8     1,351.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      236.7       245.3       259.3       282.3       305.0       309.2       330.5       353.7       360.5       364.5
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      477.3       514.1       548.1       567.9       601.8       586.8       604.6       621.0       628.2       642.0
    Direct payments \2\.........     (421.1)     (453.8)     (483.4)     (505.7)     (536.6)     (519.7)     (533.8)     (545.4)     (550.3)     (560.8)
    Grants to State and local         (56.3)      (60.3)      (64.8)      (62.1)      (65.2)      (67.2)      (70.8)      (75.6)      (77.9)      (81.2)
     governments................
  All other grants..............      114.3       108.1        93.3        75.4        72.9        72.9        76.0        75.8        63.3        63.9
  Net Interest \2\..............       82.9        93.8       112.0       129.4       130.9       156.2       176.2       180.7       179.2       190.1
  All other \2\.................      157.1       173.4       177.7       159.3       157.2       141.3       168.2       150.8       136.8       142.8
  Undistributed offsetting            -40.3       -42.1       -53.4       -46.5       -58.2       -51.8       -50.8       -49.6       -53.3       -52.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............      791.4       847.3       877.7       885.5       904.6       905.5       974.1       978.8       954.3       986.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       20.1        21.6        22.2        23.1        23.5        22.2        22.9        22.5        21.6        21.2
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        4.6         4.9         5.1         5.7         6.1         5.9         6.1         6.2         6.1         5.8
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        9.3        10.2        10.6        11.1        11.5        10.5        10.3        10.3        10.2        10.0
    Direct payments \2\.........       (8.2)       (9.0)       (9.4)       (9.9)      (10.3)       (9.3)       (9.1)       (9.0)       (8.9)       (8.7)
    Grants to State and local          (1.1)       (1.2)       (1.3)       (1.2)       (1.2)       (1.2)       (1.2)       (1.3)       (1.3)       (1.3)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        2.2         2.1         1.8         1.5         1.4         1.3         1.3         1.3         1.1         1.0
  Net Interest \2\..............        1.7         1.9         2.2         2.6         2.6         2.9         3.1         3.1         3.0         3.0
  All other \2\.................        2.9         3.2         3.2         2.9         2.8         2.4         2.7         2.4         2.1         2.1
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.7        -0.7        -0.9        -0.8        -1.0        -0.8        -0.8        -0.7        -0.8        -0.7
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       15.5        16.7        17.0        17.4        17.4        16.3        16.8        16.3        15.5        15.4
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......    2,503.8     2,732.1     3,061.6     3,228.6     3,440.5     3,839.4     4,136.6     4,401.4     4,647.0     5,014.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       23.1        22.7        23.2        24.8        26.0        26.7        26.7        27.6        28.1        27.3
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       46.4        47.1        47.9        48.1        49.1        47.2        45.2        45.6        47.0        47.1
    Direct payments \2\.........      (40.9)      (41.6)      (42.3)      (42.8)      (43.8)      (41.8)      (39.9)      (40.1)      (41.2)      (41.2)
    Grants to State and local          (5.5)       (5.5)       (5.7)       (5.3)       (5.3)       (5.4)       (5.3)       (5.6)       (5.8)       (6.0)
     governments................
  All other grants..............       11.1         9.9         8.3         6.6         6.1         6.0         5.9         5.8         4.9         4.9
  Net Interest \2\..............        8.5         8.9        10.1        11.4        11.1        13.0        13.7        13.7        13.8        14.3
  All other \2\.................       14.5        14.8        14.5        12.6        11.9        10.8        12.0        10.6         9.8         9.9
  Undistributed offsetting             -3.5        -3.4        -4.1        -3.5        -4.2        -3.8        -3.5        -3.3        -3.6        -3.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       76.9        77.3        76.8        75.2        74.0        73.3        73.3        72.4        71.9        72.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 114]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category                 1989        1990        1991        1992        1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................  1,143,646   1,253,165   1,324,369   1,381,655   1,409,489   1,461,877   1,515,802   1,560,535   1,601,250   1,652,585
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............    303,559     299,331     273,292     298,350     291,086     281,642     272,066     265,753     270,505     268,456
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......    537,374     585,669     652,029     729,788     784,957     824,758     877,423     912,749     953,778     981,604
    Direct payments \2\.........   (468,683)   (506,958)   (557,412)   (615,097)   (658,032)   (686,496)   (728,386)   (761,460)   (800,884)   (817,662)
    Grants to State and local       (68,691)    (78,711)    (94,617)   (114,691)   (126,925)   (138,262)   (149,037)   (151,289)   (152,894)   (163,942)
     governments................
  All other grants..............     52,984      56,373      59,716      63,056      66,535      72,165      75,886      76,484      81,266      82,174
  Net Interest \2\..............    168,981     184,347     194,448     199,344     198,713     202,932     232,134     241,053     243,984     241,119
  All other \2\.................    117,960     164,060     184,239     130,397     105,583     118,151     102,748     102,116     101,690     126,426
  Undistributed offsetting          -37,212     -36,615     -39,356     -39,280     -37,386     -37,772     -44,455     -37,620     -49,973     -47,194
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............    840,087     953,834   1,051,077   1,083,305   1,118,403   1,180,235   1,243,736   1,294,782   1,330,745   1,384,129
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................    1,399.6     1,483.6     1,501.6     1,515.1     1,507.6     1,531.9     1,551.5     1,560.5     1,568.8     1,598.9
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      369.7       354.7       310.1       327.4       314.3       298.1       282.0       265.8       264.8       259.9
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      659.0       688.5       734.3       797.6       836.3       861.4       895.7       912.7       933.9       949.9
    Direct payments \2\.........     (574.8)     (596.1)     (627.7)     (672.2)     (701.1)     (716.9)     (743.6)     (761.5)     (784.2)     (791.2)
    Grants to State and local         (84.2)      (92.5)     (106.5)     (125.4)     (135.3)     (144.4)     (152.1)     (151.3)     (149.7)     (158.7)
     governments................
  All other grants..............       63.6        65.2        66.9        69.6        71.8        76.0        77.6        76.5        79.5        78.9
  Net Interest \2\..............      203.8       214.2       217.5       217.3       211.6       211.5       236.8       241.1       239.3       233.2
  All other \2\.................      154.7       209.2       221.4       150.4       116.2       125.9       106.3       102.1       100.2       121.8
  Undistributed offsetting            -51.1       -48.4       -48.6       -47.1       -42.5       -41.0       -46.8       -37.6       -48.9       -44.9
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............    1,029.9     1,128.8     1,191.4     1,187.8     1,193.3     1,233.8     1,269.5     1,294.8     1,304.0     1,338.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       21.2        21.8        22.3        22.2        21.5        21.1        20.7        20.3        19.6        19.1
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        5.6         5.2         4.6         4.8         4.4         4.1         3.7         3.5         3.3         3.1
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......        9.9        10.2        11.0        11.7        12.0        11.9        12.0        11.9        11.7        11.3
    Direct payments \2\.........       (8.7)       (8.8)       (9.4)       (9.9)      (10.0)       (9.9)       (9.9)       (9.9)       (9.8)       (9.4)
    Grants to State and local          (1.3)       (1.4)       (1.6)       (1.8)       (1.9)       (2.0)       (2.0)       (2.0)       (1.9)       (1.9)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         1.0         0.9
  Net Interest \2\..............        3.1         3.2         3.3         3.2         3.0         2.9         3.2         3.1         3.0         2.8
  All other \2\.................        2.2         2.9         3.1         2.1         1.6         1.7         1.4         1.3         1.2         1.5
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.7        -0.6        -0.7        -0.6        -0.6        -0.5        -0.6        -0.5        -0.6        -0.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       15.5        16.6        17.7        17.4        17.1        17.0        17.0        16.8        16.3        16.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......    5,405.5     5,735.6     5,930.4     6,218.6     6,558.4     6,944.6     7,324.0     7,694.6     8,185.2     8,663.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       26.5        23.9        20.6        21.6        20.7        19.3        17.9        17.0        16.9        16.2
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       47.0        46.7        49.2        52.8        55.7        56.4        57.9        58.5        59.6        59.4
    Direct payments \2\.........      (41.0)      (40.5)      (42.1)      (44.5)      (46.7)      (47.0)      (48.1)      (48.8)      (50.0)      (49.5)
    Grants to State and local          (6.0)       (6.3)       (7.1)       (8.3)       (9.0)       (9.5)       (9.8)       (9.7)       (9.5)       (9.9)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        4.6         4.5         4.5         4.6         4.7         4.9         5.0         4.9         5.1         5.0
  Net Interest \2\..............       14.8        14.7        14.7        14.4        14.1        13.9        15.3        15.4        15.2        14.6
  All other \2\.................       10.3        13.1        13.9         9.4         7.5         8.1         6.8         6.5         6.4         7.7
  Undistributed offsetting             -3.3        -2.9        -3.0        -2.8        -2.7        -2.6        -2.9        -2.4        -3.1        -2.9
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       73.5        76.1        79.4        78.4        79.3        80.7        82.1        83.0        83.1        83.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 115]]


                                                 Table 6.1--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
            Category                 1999        2000        2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------In millions of current dollars-------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................  1,701,891   1,788,773   1,863,895   2,010,975   2,140,377   2,229,425   2,343,399   2,463,663   2,576,203   2,710,517
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............    274,873     294,495     305,500     348,555     376,286     390,419     410,092     423,192     436,437     460,546
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......  1,001,535   1,054,336   1,128,221   1,243,786   1,347,058   1,381,840   1,457,665   1,540,219   1,616,699   1,710,040
    Direct payments \2\.........   (825,692)   (867,546)   (920,183)  (1,012,162  (1,095,710  (1,117,106  (1,171,638  (1,234,915  (1,292,217  (1,364,645
                                                                               )           )           )           )           )           )           )
    Grants to State and local      (175,843)   (186,790)   (208,038)   (231,624)   (251,348)   (264,734)   (286,027)   (305,304)   (324,482)   (345,395)
     governments................
  All other grants..............     91,237      97,867     109,126     119,835     132,826     134,026     136,254     134,697     134,817     136,805
  Net Interest \2\..............    229,756     222,951     206,168     170,951     161,441     176,395     204,025     224,529     239,844     254,071
  All other \2\.................    144,935     161,705     161,891     175,654     173,052     200,413     202,967     209,335     214,406     217,528
  Undistributed offsetting          -40,445     -42,581     -47,011     -47,806     -50,286     -53,668     -67,604     -68,309     -66,000     -68,473
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............  1,427,018   1,494,278   1,558,395   1,662,420   1,764,091   1,839,006   1,933,307   2,040,471   2,139,766   2,249,971
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................    1,620.7     1,660.6     1,692.3     1,797.9     1,877.9     1,920.1     1,981.6     2,045.0     2,097.5     2,163.4
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............      260.7       270.9       275.9       307.6       327.4       335.5       347.3       353.9       360.7       374.9
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......      955.7       982.3     1,027.6     1,118.7     1,185.5     1,192.3     1,232.0     1,274.9     1,309.4     1,355.2
    Direct payments \2\.........     (787.9)     (808.3)     (838.2)     (910.5)     (964.4)     (963.9)     (990.2)   (1,022.2)   (1,046.6)   (1,081.6)
    Grants to State and local        (167.8)     (174.0)     (189.5)     (208.3)     (221.2)     (228.4)     (241.7)     (252.6)     (262.7)     (273.6)
     governments................
  All other grants..............       85.7        88.6        95.6       103.9       112.7       111.2       110.5       106.9       104.5       103.5
  Net Interest \2\..............      219.3       208.8       188.5       154.3       143.9       154.9       176.5       191.1       200.7       208.9
  All other \2\.................      136.6       147.9       145.6       153.0       149.6       169.6       169.0       171.8       173.0       172.6
  Undistributed offsetting            -37.3       -37.8       -40.8       -39.7       -41.2       -43.3       -53.8       -53.5       -50.8       -51.8
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............    1,360.1     1,389.8     1,416.5     1,490.3     1,550.4     1,584.7     1,634.2     1,691.1     1,736.8     1,788.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  As percentages of GDP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................       18.6        18.4        18.6        19.5        19.9        19.7        19.7        19.7        19.7        19.7
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............        3.0         3.0         3.0         3.4         3.5         3.5         3.5         3.4         3.3         3.3
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       11.0        10.8        11.3        12.0        12.5        12.2        12.3        12.3        12.3        12.4
    Direct payments \2\.........       (9.0)       (8.9)       (9.2)       (9.8)      (10.2)       (9.9)       (9.9)       (9.9)       (9.9)       (9.9)
    Grants to State and local          (1.9)       (1.9)       (2.1)       (2.2)       (2.3)       (2.3)       (2.4)       (2.4)       (2.5)       (2.5)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        1.0         1.0         1.1         1.2         1.2         1.2         1.1         1.1         1.0         1.0
  Net Interest \2\..............        2.5         2.3         2.1         1.7         1.5         1.6         1.7         1.8         1.8         1.8
  All other \2\.................        1.6         1.7         1.6         1.7         1.6         1.8         1.7         1.7         1.6         1.6
  Undistributed offsetting             -0.4        -0.4        -0.5        -0.5        -0.5        -0.5        -0.6        -0.5        -0.5        -0.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       15.6        15.4        15.6        16.1        16.4        16.3        16.3        16.3        16.3        16.4
                                 =======================================================================================================================
Addendum: GDP ($ billions)......    9,137.7     9,718.8    10,021.5    10,336.6    10,756.8    11,303.1    11,883.6    12,482.6    13,104.2    13,751.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                As percentages of outlays

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total outlays...................      100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0
                                 =======================================================================================================================
National defense \1\............       16.2        16.5        16.4        17.3        17.6        17.5        17.5        17.2        16.9        17.0
Nondefense:
  Payments for individuals......       58.8        58.9        60.5        61.8        62.9        62.0        62.2        62.5        62.8        63.1
    Direct payments \2\.........      (48.5)      (48.5)      (49.4)      (50.3)      (51.2)      (50.1)      (50.0)      (50.1)      (50.2)      (50.3)
    Grants to State and local         (10.3)      (10.4)      (11.2)      (11.5)      (11.7)      (11.9)      (12.2)      (12.4)      (12.6)      (12.7)
     governments................
  All other grants..............        5.4         5.5         5.9         6.0         6.2         6.0         5.8         5.5         5.2         5.0
  Net Interest \2\..............       13.5        12.5        11.1         8.5         7.5         7.9         8.7         9.1         9.3         9.4
  All other \2\.................        8.5         9.0         8.7         8.7         8.1         9.0         8.7         8.5         8.3         8.0
  Undistributed offsetting             -2.4        -2.4        -2.5        -2.4        -2.3        -2.4        -2.9        -2.8        -2.6        -2.5
   receipts \2\.................
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense............       83.8        83.5        83.6        82.7        82.4        82.5        82.5        82.8        83.1        83.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes a small amount of grants to State and local governments and direct payments for individuals.
\2\ Includes some off-budget amounts; most of the off-budget amounts are direct payments for individuals (social security benefits).



[[Page 116]]

 
                                                  Table 7.1--FEDERAL DEBT AT THE END OF YEAR: 1940-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    In Millions of Dollars                                       As Percentages of GDP
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Equals: Held by the Public                                  Equals: Held by the Public
       End of Fiscal Year            Gross    Less: Held ------------------------------------    Gross    Less: Held -----------------------------------
                                    Federal   by Federal                Federal                 Federal   by Federal                Federal
                                     Debt     Government     Total      Reserve      Other       Debt     Government     Total      Reserve      Other
                                               Accounts                 System                             Accounts                 System
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940............................      50,696       7,924      42,772       2,458      40,314       52.4         8.2        44.2         2.5        41.7
1941............................      57,531       9,308      48,223       2,180      46,043       50.5         8.2        42.3         1.9        40.4
1942............................      79,200      11,447      67,753       2,640      65,113       54.9         7.9        47.0         1.8        45.2
1943............................     142,648      14,882     127,766       7,149     120,617       79.2         8.3        70.9         4.0        67.0
1944............................     204,079      19,283     184,796      14,899     169,897       97.6         9.2        88.4         7.1        81.3

1945............................     260,123      24,941     235,182      21,792     213,390      117.5        11.3       106.3         9.8        96.4
1946............................     270,991      29,130     241,861      23,783     218,078      121.7        13.1       108.6        10.7        97.9
1947............................     257,149      32,810     224,339      21,872     202,467      109.6        14.0        95.6         9.3        86.3
1948............................     252,031      35,761     216,270      21,366     194,904       98.3        13.9        84.3         8.3        76.0
1949............................     252,610      38,288     214,322      19,343     194,979       93.0        14.1        78.9         7.1        71.8

1950............................     256,853      37,830     219,023      18,331     200,692       93.9        13.8        80.1         6.7        73.4
1951............................     255,288      40,962     214,326      22,982     191,344       79.5        12.8        66.8         7.2        59.6
1952............................     259,097      44,339     214,758      22,906     191,852       74.3        12.7        61.6         6.6        55.0
1953............................     265,963      47,580     218,383      24,746     193,637       71.2        12.7        58.5         6.6        51.9
1954............................     270,812      46,313     224,499      25,037     199,462       71.6        12.3        59.4         6.6        52.8

1955............................     274,366      47,751     226,616      23,607     203,009       69.4        12.1        57.3         6.0        51.4
1956............................     272,693      50,537     222,156      23,758     198,398       63.8        11.8        51.9         5.6        46.4
1957............................     272,252      52,931     219,320      23,035     196,285       60.4        11.7        48.7         5.1        43.6
1958............................     279,666      53,329     226,336      25,438     200,898       60.7        11.6        49.1         5.5        43.6
1959............................     287,465      52,764     234,701      26,044     208,657       58.4        10.7        47.7         5.3        42.4

1960............................     290,525      53,686     236,840      26,523     210,317       56.0        10.3        45.6         5.1        40.5
1961............................     292,648      54,291     238,357      27,253     211,104       55.0        10.2        44.8         5.1        39.7
1962............................     302,928      54,918     248,010      29,663     218,347       53.3         9.7        43.6         5.2        38.4
1963............................     310,324      56,345     253,978      32,027     221,951       51.7         9.4        42.4         5.3        37.0
1964............................     316,059      59,210     256,849      34,794     222,055       49.3         9.2        40.1         5.4        34.6

1965............................     322,318      61,540     260,778      39,100     221,678       46.9         8.9        37.9         5.7        32.2
1966............................     328,498      64,784     263,714      42,169     221,545       43.6         8.6        35.0         5.6        29.4
1967............................     340,445      73,819     266,626      46,719     219,907       41.8         9.1        32.8         5.7        27.0
1968............................     368,685      79,140     289,545      52,230     237,315       42.5         9.1        33.3         6.0        27.3
1969............................     365,769      87,661     278,108      54,095     224,013       38.5         9.2        29.3         5.7        23.6

1970............................     380,921      97,723     283,198      57,714     225,484       37.6         9.6        28.0         5.7        22.3
1971............................     408,176     105,140     303,037      65,518     237,519       37.7         9.7        28.0         6.1        22.0
1972............................     435,936     113,559     322,377      71,426     250,951       36.9         9.6        27.3         6.0        21.2
1973............................     466,291     125,381     340,910      75,181     265,729       35.6         9.6        26.1         5.7        20.3
1974............................     483,893     140,194     343,699      80,648     263,051       33.6         9.7        23.8         5.6        18.2

1975............................     541,925     147,225     394,700      84,993     309,707       34.7         9.4        25.3         5.4        19.9
1976............................     628,970     151,566     477,404      94,714     382,690       36.2         8.7        27.5         5.5        22.0
TQ..............................     643,561     148,052     495,509      96,702     398,807       35.4         8.1        27.2         5.3        21.9
1977............................     706,398     157,294     549,104     105,004     444,100       35.8         8.0        27.9         5.3        22.5
1978............................     776,602     169,476     607,126     115,480     491,646       35.0         7.6        27.4         5.2        22.2
1979............................     829,467     189,161     640,306     115,594     524,712       33.1         7.6        25.6         4.6        21.0

1980............................     909,041     197,118     711,923     120,846     591,077       33.3         7.2        26.1         4.4        21.6
1981............................     994,828     205,418     789,410     124,466     664,944       32.5         6.7        25.8         4.1        21.7
1982............................   1,137,315     212,740     924,575     134,497     790,078       35.2         6.6        28.6         4.2        24.5
1983............................   1,371,660     234,392   1,137,268     155,527     981,741       39.9         6.8        33.1         4.5        28.5
1984............................   1,564,586     257,611   1,306,975     155,122   1,151,853       40.8         6.7        34.0         4.0        30.0

1985............................   1,817,423     310,163   1,507,260     169,806   1,337,454       43.9         7.5        36.4         4.1        32.3
1986............................   2,120,501     379,878   1,740,623     190,855   1,549,767       48.2         8.6        39.5         4.3        35.2
1987............................   2,345,956     456,203   1,889,753     212,040   1,677,713       50.5         9.8        40.7         4.6        36.1
1988............................   2,601,104     549,487   2,051,616     229,218   1,822,398       51.9        11.0        40.9         4.6        36.3
1989............................   2,867,800     677,084   2,190,716     220,088   1,970,628       53.1        12.5        40.5         4.1        36.5

1990............................   3,206,290     794,733   2,411,558     234,410   2,177,147       55.9        13.9        42.0         4.1        38.0
1991............................   3,598,178     909,179   2,688,999     258,591   2,430,408       60.7        15.3        45.3         4.4        41.0
1992............................   4,001,787   1,002,050   2,999,737     296,397   2,703,341       64.4        16.1        48.2         4.8        43.5
1993............................   4,351,044   1,102,647   3,248,396     325,653   2,922,744       66.3        16.8        49.5         5.0        44.6
1994............................   4,643,307   1,210,242   3,433,065     355,150   3,077,915       66.9        17.4        49.4         5.1        44.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 117]]


                                            Table 7.1--FEDERAL DEBT AT THE END OF YEAR: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    In Millions of Dollars                                       As Percentages of GDP
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Equals: Held by the Public                                  Equals: Held by the Public
       End of Fiscal Year            Gross    Less: Held ------------------------------------    Gross    Less: Held -----------------------------------
                                    Federal   by Federal                Federal                 Federal   by Federal                Federal
                                     Debt     Government     Total      Reserve      Other       Debt     Government     Total      Reserve      Other
                                               Accounts                 System                             Accounts                 System
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995............................   4,920,586   1,316,208   3,604,378     374,114   3,230,264       67.2        18.0        49.2         5.1        44.1
1996............................   5,181,465   1,447,392   3,734,073     390,924   3,343,149       67.3        18.8        48.5         5.1        43.4
1997............................   5,369,206   1,596,862   3,772,344     424,518   3,347,826       65.6        19.5        46.1         5.2        40.9
1998............................   5,478,189   1,757,090   3,721,099     458,182   3,262,917       63.2        20.3        42.9         5.3        37.7
1999............................   5,605,523   1,973,160   3,632,363     496,644   3,135,719       61.3        21.6        39.8         5.4        34.3

2000............................   5,628,700   2,218,896   3,409,804     511,413   2,898,391       57.9        22.8        35.1         5.3        29.8
2001............................   5,769,881   2,450,266   3,319,615     534,135   2,785,480       57.6        24.5        33.1         5.3        27.8
2002............................   6,198,401   2,657,974   3,540,427     604,191   2,936,235       60.0        25.7        34.3         5.8        28.4
2003 estimate...................   6,752,033   2,873,595   3,878,438         N/A         N/A       62.8        26.7        36.1         N/A         N/A
2004 estimate...................   7,320,769   3,154,708   4,166,061         N/A         N/A       64.8        27.9        36.9         N/A         N/A

2005 estimate...................   7,837,499   3,450,984   4,386,515         N/A         N/A       66.0        29.0        36.9         N/A         N/A
2006 estimate...................   8,353,379   3,750,731   4,602,648         N/A         N/A       66.9        30.0        36.9         N/A         N/A
2007 estimate...................   8,857,525   4,060,878   4,796,647         N/A         N/A       67.6        31.0        36.6         N/A         N/A
2008 estimate...................   9,387,680   4,384,733   5,002,947         N/A         N/A       68.3        31.9        36.4         N/A         N/A
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/A: Not available.



[[Page 118]]

 
                                                  Table 7.2--DEBT SUBJECT TO STATUTORY LIMIT: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                                 Debt
        End of Fiscal Year         Debt Subject   End of Fiscal Year   Debt Subject   End of Fiscal Year  Debt Subject   End of Fiscal Year   Subject to
                                     to Limit                            to Limit                           to Limit                            Limit
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940.............................       43,219   1958................      275,395   1976...............      621,556   1992...............    3,972,578
1941.............................       49,494   1959................      282,419   TQ.................      635,822   1993...............    4,315,571
1942.............................       74,154   1960................      283,827   1977...............      699,963   1994...............    4,605,338
1943.............................      140,469   1961................      286,308   1978...............      772,691   1995...............    4,884,605

1944.............................      208,077   1962................      295,374   1979...............      827,615   1996...............    5,137,195
1945.............................      268,671   1963................      302,923   1980...............      908,723   1997...............    5,327,624
1946.............................      268,932   1964................      308,583   1981...............      998,818   1998...............    5,439,447
1947.............................      255,767   1965................      314,126   1982...............    1,142,913   1999...............    5,567,694

1948.............................      250,381   1966................      316,293   1983...............    1,377,953   2000...............    5,591,625
1949.............................      250,965   1967................      323,143   1984...............    1,572,975   2001...............    5,732,802
1950.............................      255,382   1968................      348,534   1985...............    1,823,775   2002...............    6,161,431
1951.............................      253,284   1969................      356,107   1986...............    2,110,975   2003 estimate......    6,730,714

1952.............................      257,233   1970................      372,600   1987...............    2,336,014   2004 estimate......    7,299,692
1953.............................      264,220   1971................      398,650   1988...............    2,586,869   2005 estimate......    7,816,852
1954.............................      269,379   1972................      427,751   1989...............    2,829,770   2006 estimate......    8,332,860
1955.............................      272,348   1973................      458,264   1990...............    3,161,223   2007 estimate......    8,837,491

1956.............................      270,619   1974................      475,181   1991...............    3,569,300   2008 estimate......    9,368,239
1957.............................      269,120   1975................      534,207
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 119]]

 
                            Table 7.3--STATUTORY LIMITS ON FEDERAL DEBT: 1940-CURRENT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                Dollar Amount of
       Date and Act                               History of Legislation                             Limit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       June 25, 1940
54 Stat. 526..............  Amended sec. 21, adding new authority for issuance of $4 billion      49,000,000,000
                             National Defense Series obligations outstanding.

     February 19, 1941
55 Stat. 7................  Amended sec. 21, eliminating authority for $4 billion of National     65,000,000,000
                             Defense Series obligations and increasing limitation to.

      March 28, 1942
56 Stat. 189..............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to........................    125,000,000,000

      April 11, 1943
57 Stat. 63...............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to........................    210,000,000,000

       June 9, 1944
58 Stat. 272..............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to........................    260,000,000,000

       April 3, 1945
59 Stat. 47...............  Amended sec. 21, including obligations guaranteed as to principal
                             and interest by the United States and increasing
                            limitation to....................................................    300,000,000,000

       June 26, 1946
60 Stat. 316..............  Amended sec. 21, defining face amount of savings bonds to be         275,000,000,000
                             current redemption value and decreasing limitation to.

      August 28, 1954
68 Stat. 895..............  Increasing sec. 21 limitation by $6 billion during period            281,000,000,000
                             beginning August 28, 1954, and ending June 30, 1955.

       June 30, 1955
69 Stat. 241..............  Amended act of August 28,1954, extending increase in limitation      281,000,000,000
                             until June 30, 1956.

       July 9, 1956
70 Stat. 519..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $3 billion during period             278,000,000,000
                             beginning July 1, 1956, and ending June 30, 1957.
                            Temporary increase terminated July 1, 1957, and limitation           275,000,000,000
                             reverted to.

     February 26, 1958
72 Stat. 27...............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $5 billion during period             280,000,000,000
                             beginning February 26, 1958, and ending June 30, 1959.

     September 2, 1958
72 Stat. 1758.............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to $283 billion, which        288,000,000,000
                             with temporary increase of February 26, 1958 made limitation.

       June 30, 1959
73 Stat. 156..............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to $285 billion and
                             increased sec. 21 limitation by $10 billion during period
                            beginning July 1, 1959, and ending June 30, 1960.................    295,000,000,000

       June 30, 1960
74 Stat. 290..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $8 billion during period             293,000,000,000
                             beginning July 1, 1960, and ending June 30, 1961.

       June 30, 1961
75 Stat. 148..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $13 billion during period            298,000,000,000
                             beginning July 1, 1961, and ending June 30, 1962.

      March 13, 1962
76 Stat. 23...............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $2 billion (in addition to
                             temporary increase of $13 billion in act of June 30, 1961)
                            during period beginning March 13, 1962, and ending June 30, 1962.    300,000,000,000

       July 1, 1962
76 Stat. 124..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the periods:
                            (1) beginning July 1, 1962, and ending March 31, 1963, to........    308,000,000,000
                            (2) beginning April 1, 1963, and ending June 24, 1963, to........    305,000,000,000
                            (3) beginning June 25, 1963, and ending June 30, 1963, to........    300,000,000,000

       May 29, 1963
77 Stat. 90...............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the periods:
                            (1) beginning May 29, 1963, and ending June 30, 1963, to.........    307,000,000,000
                            (2) beginning July 1, 1963, and ending August 31, 1963, to.......    309,000,000,000

      August 27, 1963
77 Stat. 131..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning             309,000,000,000
                             September 1, 1963, and ending November 30, 1963, to.

     November 26, 1963
77 Stat. 342..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the periods:
                            (1) beginning December 1, 1963, and ending June 29, 1964, to.....    315,000,000,000
                            (2) ending June 30, 1964, to.....................................    309,000,000,000

       June 29, 1964
78 Stat. 225..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning June 29,    324,000,000,000
                             1964, and ending June 30, 1965, to.

       June 24, 1965
79 Stat. 172..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning July 1,     328,000,000,000
                             1965, and ending June 30, 1966, to.

       June 24, 1966
80 Stat. 221..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning July 1,     330,000,000,000
                             1966, and ending June 30, 1967, to.

       March 2, 1967
81 Stat. 4................  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning March 2,    336,000,000,000
                             1967, and ending June 30, 1967, to.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 120]]


                      Table 7.3--STATUTORY LIMITS ON FEDERAL DEBT: 1940-CURRENT--Continued
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                Dollar Amount of
       Date and Act                               History of Legislation                             Limit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       June 30, 1967
81 Stat. 99...............  Sec. 21 amended to increase limitation on aggregate outstanding      358,000,000,000
                             at any time to.
                            Sec. 21 amended also to increase the limitation temporarily,
                             beginning July 1, 1968, and each July 1 thereafter for the
                            period beginning July 1 and ending June 29 of each succeeding
                             calendar year by $7 billion, providing an operating
                            limitation of....................................................    365,000,000,000

       April 7, 1969
83 Stat. 7................  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to $365 billion, and
                             increased sec. 21 limitation by $12 billion during period
                            beginning April 7, 1969, and ending June 30, 1970................    377,000,000,000

       June 30, 1970
84 Stat. 368..............  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to $380 billion, and
                             increased sec. 21 limitation by $15 billion during period
                            beginning July 1, 1970, and ending June 30, 1971.................    395,000,000,000

      March 17, 1971
85 Stat. 5................  Amended sec. 21, increasing limitation to $400 billion, and
                             increased sec. 21 limitation by $30 billion during period
                            beginning March 17, 1971, and ending June 30, 1972...............    430,000,000,000

      March 15, 1972
86 Stat. 63...............  Amended sec. 21, to further increase the limitation temporarily
                             by $20 billion during period beginning March 15, 1972, and
                            ending June 30, 1972.............................................    450,000,000,000

       July 1, 1972
86 Stat. 406..............  Amended act of March 15, 1972, striking out June 30, 1972, and       450,000,000,000
                             inserting in lieu thereof October 31, 1972.

     October 27, 1972
86 Stat. 1324.............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning November    465,000,000,000
                             1, 1972, and ending June 30, 1973.

       July 1, 1973
86 Stat. 1324.............  Amended act of October 27, 1972, striking out June 30, 1973, and     465,000,000,000
                             inserting in lieu thereof November 30, 1973.

     December 3, 1973
87 Stat. 691..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning December    475,700,000,000
                             3, 1973, and ending June 30, 1974.

       June 30, 1974
88 Stat. 285..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning June 30,    495,000,000,000
                             1974, and ending March 31, 1975.

     February 19, 1975
89 Stat. 5................  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning February    577,000,000,000
                             19, 1975, and ending June 30, 1975.

       June 30, 1975
89 Stat. 246..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning June 30,    577,000,000,000
                             1975, and ending November 15, 1975.

     November 14, 1975
89 Stat. 693..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning November    595,000,000,000
                             14, 1975, and ending March 15, 1976.

      March 15, 1976
90 Stat. 217..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the period beginning March       627,000,000,000
                             15, 1976, and ending June 30, 1976.

       June 30, 1976
90 Stat. 793..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation during the periods:
                            (1) beginning July 1, 1976, and ending September 30, 1976, to....    636,000,000,000
                            (2) beginning October 1, 1976, and ending March 31, 1977, to.....    682,000,000,000
                            (3) beginning April 1, 1977, and ending September 30, 1977, to...    700,000,000,000
                            Temporary increase terminated October 1, 1977, and limitation        400,000,000,000
                             reverted to.

      October 4, 1977
91 Stat. 1090.............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $352 billion during the period       752,000,000,000
                             beginning October 4, 1977, and ending March 31, 1978.

      March 27, 1978
92 Stat. 185..............  Amended act of October 4, 1977, striking out March 31, 1978, and     752,000,000,000
                             inserting in lieu thereof July 31, 1978.
                            Temporary increase terminated August 1, 1978, and limitation         400,000,000,000
                             reverted to.

      August 3, 1978
92 Stat. 419..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $398 billion during the period       798,000,000,000
                             beginning August 3, 1978, and ending March 31, 1979.
                            Temporary increase terminated April 1, 1979, and limitation          400,000,000,000
                             reverted to.

       April 2, 1979
93 Stat. 8................  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $430 billion during the period       830,000,000,000
                             beginning April 2, 1979, and ending September 30, 1979.

    September 29, 1979
93 Stat. 589..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $479 billion during the period       879,000,000,000
                             beginning September 29, 1979, and ending May 31, 1980.

       May 30, 1980
94 Stat. 421..............  Amended act of September 29, 1979, striking out May 31, 1980, and    879,000,000,000
                             inserting in lieu thereof June 5, 1980.

       June 6, 1980
94 Stat. 439..............  Amended act of September 29, 1979, striking out June 5, 1980, and    879,000,000,000
                             inserting in lieu thereof June 30, 1980.

       June 28, 1980
94 Stat. 598..............  Increased sec. 21 limitation by $525 billion during the period       925,000,000,000
                             beginning June 28, 1980, and ending February 28, 1981.

     December 19, 1980
94 Stat. 3261.............  Increased the total debt limit (composed of $400.0 billion of        935,100,000,000
                             permanent ceiling, $535.1 billion of temporary ceiling) to.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 121]]


                      Table 7.3--STATUTORY LIMITS ON FEDERAL DEBT: 1940-CURRENT--Continued
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                Dollar Amount of
       Date and Act                               History of Legislation                             Limit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     February 7, 1981
95 Stat. 4................  Increased the temporary portion of the debt limit to $585.0
                             billion through September 30, 1980, raising the total debt
                            ceiling to.......................................................    985,000,000,000

    September 30, 1981
95 Stat. 955..............  Increased the temporary portion of the debt limit to $599.8          999,800,000,000
                             billion for one day--September 30, 1981.

    September 30, 1981
95 Stat. 956..............  Increased the temporary portion of the debt limit to $679.8        1,079,800,000,000
                             billion through September 30, 1982.

       June 28, 1982
96 Stat. 130..............  Increased the temporary portion of the debt limit to $743.1        1,143,100,000,000
                             billion through September 30, 1982.

    September 30, 1982
96 Stat. 1156.............  Increased the temporary portion of the debt limit to $890.2        1,290,200,000,000
                             billion through September 30, 1983.

       May 26, 1983
97 Stat. 196..............  Eliminated the distinction between permanent and temporary limit
                             with the enactment of a single permanent limit.
                            Raised the debt limit to.........................................  1,389,000,000,000

     November 21, 1983
97 Stat. 1012.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  1,490,000,000,000

       May 25, 1984
98 Stat. 217..............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  1,520,000,000,000

       July 6, 1984
98 Stat. 313..............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  1,573,000,000,000

     October 13, 1984
98 Stat. 2206.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  1,823,800,000,000

     November 14, 1985
99 Stat. 814..............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through December 6, 1985 to.  1,903,800,000,000

     December 12, 1985
99 Stat. 1037.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  2,078,700,000,000

      August 21, 1986
100 Stat. 818.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  2,111,000,000,000

     October 21, 1986
100 Stat. 1874............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through May 15, 1987 to.....  2,300,000,000,000

       May 15, 1987
101 Stat. 308.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through July 17, 1987 to....  2,320,000,000,000

       July 30, 1987
101 Stat. 542.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through August 6, 1987 to...  2,320,000,000,000

      August 10, 1987
101 Stat. 550.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through September 23, 1987    2,352,000,000,000
                             to.

    September 29, 1987
101 Stat. 754.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  2,800,000,000,000

      August 7, 1989
103 Stat. 182.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 31, 1989 to.  2,870,000,000,000

     November 8, 1989
103 Stat. 830.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  3,122,700,000,000

      August 9, 1990
104 Stat. 403.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 2, 1990 to..  3,195,000,000,000

      October 2, 1990
104 Stat. 878.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 6, 1990 to..  3,195,000,000,000

      October 9, 1990
104 Stat. 894.............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 19, 1990 to.  3,195,000,000,000

     October 19, 1990
104 Stat. 1030............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 24, 1990 to.  3,195,000,000,000

     October 25, 1990
104 Stat. 1075............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through October 27, 1990 to.  3,195,000,000,000

     October 28, 1990
104 Stat. 1086............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through November 5, 1990 to.  3,230,000,000,000

     November 5, 1990
104 Stat. 1388-560........  Increased the debt limit to......................................  4,145,000,000,000

       April 6, 1993
107 Stat. 42..............  Increased the debt limit temporarily through September 30, 1993    4,370,000,000,000
                             to.

      August 10, 1993
107 Stat. 312.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  4,900,000,000,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 122]]


                      Table 7.3--STATUTORY LIMITS ON FEDERAL DEBT: 1940-CURRENT--Continued
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                Dollar Amount of
       Date and Act                               History of Legislation                             Limit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     February 8, 1996
110 Stat. 55..............  Temporarily exempted from limit obligations in an amount equal to
                             the monthly insurance benefits payable under Title II of
                            the Social Security Act in March 1996, the exemption to expire on
                             the earlier of an increase in the limit or March 15, 1996.

      March 12, 1996
110 Stat. 825.............  Temporarily exempted from limit (a) obligations in an amount
                             equal to the monthly insurance benefits payable under Title II
                             of
                            the Social Security Act in March 1996 and (b) certain obligations
                             issued to trust funds and other Federal Government accounts,
                            both exemptions to expire on the earlier of an increase in the
                             limit or March 30, 1996.

      March 29, 1996
110 Stat. 875.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  5,500,000,000,000

      August 5, 1997
111 Stat. 648.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  5,950,000,000,000

       June 28, 2002
116 Stat. 734.............  Increased the debt limit to......................................  6,400,000,000,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 123]]

 
                                                                Table 8.1--OUTLAYS BY BUDGET ENFORCEMENT ACT CATEGORY: 1962-2008
                                                                                    (in billions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Discretionary                                                            Mandatory and Net Interest
                                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Nondefense                                                            Mandatory
                           Total                      -----------------------------------          ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Fiscal Year         Outlays            National                                                                                Programmatic                                          Net
                                     Total    Defense                                       Total            ----------------------------------------------------------- Undistributed  Interest
                                                         Total   International  Domestic              Total              Social    Deposit     Means Tested                Offsetting
                                                                                                                Total   Security  Insurance  Entitlements \1\    Other    Receipts \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962...................     106.8      72.1      52.6      19.5          5.5        14.0      34.7      27.9      33.1      14.0       -0.4           4.3          15.1         -5.3         6.9
1963...................     111.3      75.3      53.7      21.6          5.2        16.3      36.0      28.3      34.1      15.5       -0.4           4.7          14.3         -5.8         7.7
1964...................     118.5      79.1      55.0      24.1          4.6        19.5      39.4      31.2      36.9      16.2       -0.4           5.0          16.1         -5.7         8.2

1965...................     118.2      77.8      51.0      26.8          4.7        22.1      40.4      31.8      37.8      17.1       -0.4           5.2          15.8         -5.9         8.6
1966...................     134.5      90.1      59.0      31.1          5.1        26.1      44.4      35.0      41.5      20.3       -0.5           5.8          16.0         -6.5         9.4
1967...................     157.5     106.5      72.0      34.5          5.3        29.1      51.0      40.7      48.0      21.3       -0.4           6.2          20.9         -7.3        10.3
1968...................     178.1     118.0      82.2      35.8          4.9        31.0      60.2      49.1      57.1      23.3       -0.5           7.5          26.8         -8.0        11.1
1969...................     183.6     117.3      82.7      34.6          4.1        30.5      66.3      53.6      61.6      26.7       -0.6           8.6          26.9         -8.0        12.7

1970...................     195.6     120.3      81.9      38.3          4.0        34.4      75.4      61.0      69.6      29.6       -0.5          10.1          30.4         -8.6        14.4
1971...................     210.2     122.5      79.0      43.5          3.8        39.8      87.6      72.8      82.9      35.1       -0.4          13.4          34.8        -10.1        14.8
1972...................     230.7     128.5      79.3      49.2          4.6        44.6     102.1      86.7      96.2      39.4       -0.6          16.9          40.6         -9.6        15.5
1973...................     245.7     130.4      77.1      53.3          4.8        48.5     115.3      98.0     111.4      48.2       -0.8          16.7          47.3        -13.4        17.3
1974...................     269.4     138.2      80.7      57.5          6.2        51.3     131.1     109.7     126.4      55.0       -0.6          20.2          51.9        -16.7        21.4

1975...................     332.3     158.0      87.6      70.3          8.2        62.2     174.4     151.1     164.7      63.6        0.5          25.7          75.0        -13.6        23.2
1976...................     371.8     175.6      89.9      85.7          7.5        78.2     196.2     169.5     183.9      72.7       -0.6          30.5          81.3        -14.4        26.7
TQ.....................      96.0      48.1      22.3      25.7          3.3        22.4      47.9      41.0      45.2      19.5       -0.1           7.6          18.2         -4.2         6.9
1977...................     409.2     197.1      97.5      99.6          8.0        91.5     212.1     182.2     197.1      83.7       -2.8          33.2          83.0        -14.9        29.9
1978...................     458.7     218.7     104.6     114.1          8.5       105.5     240.0     204.6     220.3      92.4       -1.0          35.2          93.7        -15.7        35.5
1979...................     504.0     240.0     116.8     123.2          9.1       114.1     264.0     221.4     238.9     102.6       -1.7          38.3          99.7        -17.5        42.6

1980...................     590.9     276.3     134.6     141.7         12.8       128.9     314.6     262.1     282.0     117.1       -0.4          45.0         120.4        -19.9        52.5
1981...................     678.2     307.9     158.0     149.9         13.6       136.3     370.3     301.6     329.6     137.9       -1.4          51.6         141.5        -28.0        68.8
1982...................     745.7     326.0     185.9     140.0         12.9       127.1     419.8     334.8     360.9     153.9       -2.1          51.8         157.3        -26.1        85.0
1983...................     808.4     353.3     209.9     143.4         13.6       129.8     455.0     365.2     399.2     168.5       -1.2          56.9         175.0        -34.0        89.8
1984...................     851.9     379.4     228.0     151.4         16.3       135.1     472.4     361.3     393.3     176.1       -0.8          58.0         160.1        -32.0       111.1

1985...................     946.4     415.8     253.1     162.7         17.4       145.3     530.6     401.1     433.8     186.4       -2.2          62.2         187.4        -32.7       129.5
1986...................     990.4     438.5     273.8     164.7         17.7       147.0     551.9     415.9     448.9     196.5        1.5          66.1         184.7        -33.0       136.0
1987...................   1,004.1     444.2     282.5     161.7         15.2       146.5     559.9     421.3     463.6     205.1        3.1          70.0         185.4        -42.3       138.6
1988...................   1,064.5     464.4     290.9     173.5         15.7       157.8     600.0     448.2     492.9     216.8       10.0          77.1         189.0        -44.7       151.8
1989...................   1,143.6     488.8     304.0     184.8         16.6       168.2     654.8     485.8     530.2     230.4       22.0          84.1         193.7        -44.3       169.0

1990...................   1,253.2     500.6     300.1     200.4         19.1       181.4     752.6     568.2     604.9     246.5       57.9          94.1         206.4        -36.7       184.3
1991...................   1,324.4     533.3     319.7     213.6         19.7       193.9     791.0     596.6     635.9     266.8       66.2         115.2         187.8        -39.4       194.4
1992...................   1,381.7     533.8     302.6     231.2         19.2       212.1     847.8     648.5     687.8     285.2        2.6         141.1         258.9        -39.3       199.3
1993...................   1,409.5     539.4     292.4     247.0         21.6       225.4     870.1     671.4     708.7     302.0      -28.0         156.4         278.3        -37.4       198.7
1994...................   1,461.9     541.4     282.3     259.1         20.8       238.3     920.5     717.5     755.3     316.9       -7.6         170.4         275.6        -37.8       202.9

1995...................   1,515.8     544.9     273.6     271.3         20.1       251.2     970.9     738.8     783.3     333.3      -17.9         181.6         286.3        -44.5       232.1
1996...................   1,560.5     532.7     266.0     266.7         18.3       248.4   1,027.8     786.8     824.4     347.1       -8.4         187.3         298.4        -37.6       241.1
1997...................   1,601.2     547.2     271.7     275.6         19.0       256.6   1,054.0     810.0     860.0     362.3      -14.4         194.0         318.1        -50.0       244.0
1998...................   1,652.6     552.1     270.2     281.9         18.1       263.8   1,100.5     859.4     906.6     376.1       -4.4         200.3         334.5        -47.2       241.1
1999...................   1,701.9     572.0     275.5     296.5         19.5       277.0   1,129.9     900.1     940.6     387.0       -5.3         211.9         347.0        -40.4       229.8

2000...................   1,788.8     614.8     295.0     319.9         21.3       298.6   1,173.9     951.0     993.6     406.0       -3.1         226.3         364.2        -42.6       223.0
2001...................   1,863.9     649.3     306.1     343.3         22.5       320.8   1,214.6   1,008.4   1,055.4     429.4       -1.4         241.5         386.0        -47.0       206.2
2002...................   2,011.0     734.4     348.9     385.4         26.2       359.2   1,276.6   1,105.7   1,153.5     452.5       -1.0         269.9         432.1        -47.8       171.0
2003 estimate..........   2,140.4     791.4     375.7     415.7         27.6       388.1   1,349.0   1,187.5   1,237.8     474.5        0.1         293.4         469.8        -50.3       161.4
2004 estimate..........   2,229.4     818.8     389.7     429.0         28.1       401.0   1,410.6   1,234.2   1,287.9     493.0       -0.9         314.1         481.7        -53.7       176.4

2005 estimate..........   2,343.4     850.0     409.7     440.3         28.3       412.0   1,493.4   1,289.4   1,357.0     511.6       -1.2         336.2         510.4        -67.6       204.0
2006 estimate..........   2,463.7     869.8     422.8     447.0         29.8       417.2   1,593.9   1,369.3   1,437.6     533.1       -1.8         354.1         552.2        -68.3       224.5
2007 estimate..........   2,576.2     891.4     436.2     455.2         31.3       424.0   1,684.8   1,445.0   1,511.0     558.7       -1.6         371.8         582.1        -66.0       239.8
2008 estimate..........   2,710.5     925.9     460.2     465.7         32.6       433.2   1,784.6   1,530.5   1,599.0     587.2       -1.6         398.5         614.9        -68.5       254.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes Medicaid, food stamps, family support assistance (AFDC), supplemental security income (SSI), child nutrition programs, earned income tax credits (EITC and HITC), welfare
  contingency fund, child care entitlement to States, temporary assistance to needy families, State children's health insurance and veterans pensions.
\2\ Including asset sales.



[[Page 124]]

 
                                                 Table 8.2--OUTLAYS BY BUDGET ENFORCEMENT ACT CATEGORY IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008
                                                                                    (in billions of dollars)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Discretionary                                                            Mandatory and Net Interest
                                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Nondefense                                                            Mandatory
                           Total                      -----------------------------------          ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Fiscal Year         Outlays            National                                                                                Programmatic                                          Net
                                     Total    Defense                                       Total            ----------------------------------------------------------- Undistributed  Interest
                                                         Total   International  Domestic              Total              Social    Deposit     Means Tested                Offsetting
                                                                                                                Total   Security  Insurance  Entitlements \1\    Other    Receipts \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962...................     556.9     410.5     288.4     122.0         35.8        86.2     146.4     116.0     154.9      62.5       -2.6          19.3          75.7        -38.9        30.4
1963...................     557.0     410.2     283.2     127.0         31.9        95.1     146.8     113.1     154.4      67.9       -2.6          20.7          68.4        -41.3        33.7
1964...................     585.2     423.3     288.0     135.3         26.6       108.7     161.8     126.6     166.1      70.5       -2.5          21.7          76.5        -39.5        35.3

1965...................     575.5     411.3     266.6     144.7         26.1       118.6     164.2     127.9     166.7      73.0       -2.2          22.4          73.5        -38.8        36.3
1966...................     637.1     459.1     296.8     162.3         27.0       135.3     177.9     139.1     180.1      85.1       -2.6          24.4          73.2        -41.0        38.8
1967...................     719.7     518.5     349.6     168.8         26.7       142.1     201.2     160.0     201.6      87.0       -2.0          25.4          91.2        -41.5        41.2
1968...................     779.3     545.6     380.2     165.5         22.9       142.5     233.7     190.8     232.9      92.4       -2.5          29.8         113.2        -42.1        42.9
1969...................     757.3     511.3     362.0     149.3         17.9       131.4     246.0     199.0     238.2     101.6       -2.6          32.9         106.4        -39.2        47.0

1970...................     761.7     493.9     339.5     154.5         16.2       138.2     267.7     217.3     256.1     107.6       -2.1          36.6         113.9        -38.8        50.5
1971...................     768.2     470.8     309.0     161.8         14.2       147.6     297.4     247.8     289.5     122.0       -1.4          46.4         122.6        -41.6        49.6
1972...................     791.6     455.5     283.1     172.4         16.2       156.2     336.1     286.7     323.3     131.6       -2.1          56.5         137.3        -36.7        49.4
1973...................     799.2     434.3     256.7     177.5         16.2       161.4     365.0     311.9     360.5     155.2       -2.7          53.9         154.2        -48.6        53.0
1974...................     810.8     428.8     249.1     179.6         19.7       160.0     382.0     320.8     378.3     164.0       -1.9          60.1         156.2        -57.5        61.2

1975...................     909.2     443.5     243.8     199.8         23.7       176.1     465.7     405.6     447.9     172.1        1.5          69.5         204.9        -42.3        60.1
1976...................     947.9     456.2     232.2     224.0         19.9       204.1     491.7     427.1     468.4     184.9       -1.5          77.5         207.4        -41.2        64.6
TQ.....................     237.3     121.4      55.9      65.5          8.6        56.9     115.9      99.6     111.3      48.0       -0.2          18.7          44.8        -11.7        16.3
1977...................     964.7     469.9     230.8     239.1         19.5       219.7     494.8     427.6     466.2     197.8       -6.8          78.6         196.5        -38.5        67.2
1978...................   1,014.0     489.6     231.0     258.6         19.7       238.9     524.4     449.9     488.4     204.4       -2.3          77.8         208.5        -38.5        74.6
1979...................   1,028.0     496.7     237.6     259.1         19.7       239.4     531.3     448.4     488.7     209.4       -3.8          78.2         204.9        -40.3        82.9

1980...................   1,092.6     518.5     246.4     272.1         25.4       246.6     574.1     480.2     522.4     216.0       -0.7          83.0         224.1        -42.1        93.8
1981...................   1,137.0     521.1     260.1     261.0         24.6       236.4     615.9     504.0     557.4     232.4       -2.5          87.0         240.4        -53.4       112.0
1982...................   1,167.7     511.6     283.2     228.3         21.8       206.6     656.1     526.8     573.2     243.9       -3.5          82.0         250.8        -46.5       129.4
1983...................   1,209.7     529.9     305.0     224.9         22.2       202.7     679.7     548.8     607.0     255.5       -1.9          86.2         267.2        -58.2       130.9
1984...................   1,214.7     535.8     310.1     225.7         25.0       200.7     678.9     522.8     574.5     257.1       -1.3          84.6         234.1        -51.8       156.2

1985...................   1,304.6     565.2     331.0     234.2         25.8       208.4     739.4     563.2     614.0     263.3       -3.2          87.8         266.2        -50.8       176.2
1986...................   1,332.4     584.0     354.2     229.8         25.5       204.3     748.4     567.7     617.3     270.0        2.2          90.8         254.3        -49.6       180.7
1987...................   1,314.7     579.3     361.1     218.2         21.2       197.0     735.4     556.1     617.6     272.9        4.3          93.1         247.3        -61.5       179.2
1988...................   1,351.0     591.9     365.2     226.6         21.2       205.4     759.1     569.0     631.9     277.5       13.5          98.6         242.3        -62.9       190.1
1989...................   1,399.7     604.3     370.3     234.0         21.8       212.3     795.4     591.6     652.0     282.6       28.9         103.0         237.5        -60.4       203.8

1990...................   1,483.5     601.4     355.7     245.8         24.3       221.5     882.1     667.8     716.3     289.8       73.9         110.6         242.0        -48.5       214.2
1991...................   1,501.5     612.0     362.8     249.2         23.7       225.5     889.6     672.1     720.7     300.4       79.5         129.7         211.0        -48.6       217.5
1992...................   1,515.2     593.1     332.0     261.1         22.1       239.0     922.1     704.8     751.9     311.7        3.0         154.2         283.0        -47.1       217.3
1993...................   1,507.7     584.4     315.8     268.6         23.7       244.9     923.3     711.7     754.2     321.8      -30.8         166.7         296.6        -42.5       211.6
1994...................   1,531.9     572.9     298.8     274.1         22.2       252.0     959.0     747.5     788.5     331.0       -8.1         178.0         287.6        -41.0       211.5

1995...................   1,551.5     562.6     283.5     279.1         20.8       258.2     988.9     752.2     799.0     340.2      -18.5         185.4         291.9        -46.8       236.8
1996...................   1,560.5     532.7     266.0     266.7         18.3       248.4   1,027.8     786.8     824.4     347.1       -8.4         187.3         298.4        -37.6       241.1
1997...................   1,568.8     536.7     266.0     270.7         18.7       252.0   1,032.2     792.9     841.8     354.7      -14.2         189.9         311.3        -48.9       239.3
1998...................   1,598.8     533.3     261.6     271.6         17.4       254.2   1,065.5     832.3     877.3     364.0       -4.2         193.9         323.6        -44.9       233.2
1999...................   1,620.7     541.3     261.3     280.0         18.4       261.6   1,079.4     860.1     897.4     369.3       -5.0         202.2         331.0        -37.3       219.3

2000...................   1,660.6     564.2     271.3     292.9         19.5       273.4   1,096.4     887.6     925.4     378.3       -2.8         210.9         339.0        -37.8       208.8
2001...................   1,692.3     583.6     276.4     307.2         20.2       287.0   1,108.7     920.3     961.1     391.1       -1.3         219.9         351.4        -40.8       188.5
2002...................   1,797.9     645.7     308.0     337.7         22.8       314.9   1,152.2     998.0   1,037.6     407.0       -0.9         242.7         388.8        -39.7       154.3
2003 estimate..........   1,877.8     685.6     326.9     358.7         23.9       334.9   1,192.2   1,048.3   1,089.5     417.6        0.1         258.1         413.7        -41.2       143.9
2004 estimate..........   1,920.1     697.4     334.9     362.5         23.8       338.8   1,222.7   1,067.8   1,111.1     425.4       -0.8         271.0         415.5        -43.3       154.9

2005 estimate..........   1,981.5     712.2     347.0     365.1         23.6       341.5   1,269.4   1,092.9   1,146.7     432.4       -1.0         284.1         431.2        -53.8       176.5
2006 estimate..........   2,045.1     717.7     353.6     364.1         24.4       339.6   1,327.4   1,136.2   1,189.7     441.3       -1.5         293.0         456.9        -53.5       191.1
2007 estimate..........   2,097.5     724.1     360.5     363.6         25.2       338.4   1,373.3   1,172.6   1,223.4     452.5       -1.3         301.0         471.2        -50.8       200.7
2008 estimate..........   2,163.4     739.3     374.6     364.8         25.9       338.9   1,424.0   1,215.1   1,266.9     465.4       -1.3         315.7         487.0        -51.8       208.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes Medicaid, food stamps, family support assistance (AFDC), supplemental security income (SSI), child nutrition programs, earned income tax credits (EITC and HITC), welfare
  contingency fund, child care entitlement to States, temporary assistance to needy families, State children's health insurance and veterans pensions.
\2\ Including asset sales.



[[Page 125]]

 
                                                   Table 8.3--PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OUTLAYS BY BUDGET ENFORCEMENT ACT CATEGORY: 1962-2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Discretionary                                                            Mandatory and Net Interest
                                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Nondefense                                                            Mandatory
                           Total                      -----------------------------------          ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Fiscal Year         Outlays            National                                                                                Programmatic                                          Net
                                     Total    Defense                                       Total            ----------------------------------------------------------- Undistributed  Interest
                                                         Total   International  Domestic              Total              Social    Deposit     Means Tested                Offsetting
                                                                                                                Total   Security  Insurance  Entitlements \1\    Other    Receipts \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962...................     100.0      67.5      49.2      18.3          5.2        13.1      32.5      26.1      31.0      13.2       -0.4           4.1          14.2         -4.9         6.4
1963...................     100.0      67.6      48.3      19.4          4.7        14.7      32.4      25.4      30.6      13.9       -0.4           4.2          12.9         -5.2         7.0
1964...................     100.0      66.8      46.4      20.3          3.9        16.4      33.2      26.3      31.1      13.7       -0.4           4.2          13.6         -4.8         6.9

1965...................     100.0      65.8      43.2      22.6          4.0        18.7      34.2      26.9      31.9      14.4       -0.3           4.4          13.4         -5.0         7.3
1966...................     100.0      67.0      43.9      23.2          3.8        19.4      33.0      26.0      30.9      15.1       -0.4           4.3          11.9         -4.9         7.0
1967...................     100.0      67.6      45.7      21.9          3.4        18.5      32.4      25.9      30.5      13.5       -0.3           3.9          13.3         -4.6         6.5
1968...................     100.0      66.2      46.1      20.1          2.7        17.4      33.8      27.5      32.1      13.1       -0.3           4.2          15.1         -4.5         6.2
1969...................     100.0      63.9      45.0      18.8          2.2        16.6      36.1      29.2      33.5      14.5       -0.3           4.7          14.6         -4.3         6.9

1970...................     100.0      61.5      41.9      19.6          2.0        17.6      38.5      31.2      35.6      15.2       -0.3           5.2          15.5         -4.4         7.4
1971...................     100.0      58.3      37.6      20.7          1.8        18.9      41.7      34.6      39.4      16.7       -0.2           6.4          16.6         -4.8         7.1
1972...................     100.0      55.7      34.4      21.3          2.0        19.3      44.3      37.6      41.7      17.1       -0.3           7.3          17.6         -4.2         6.7
1973...................     100.0      53.1      31.4      21.7          2.0        19.7      46.9      39.9      45.3      19.6       -0.3           6.8          19.2         -5.5         7.1
1974...................     100.0      51.3      30.0      21.3          2.3        19.0      48.7      40.7      46.9      20.4       -0.2           7.5          19.3         -6.2         8.0

1975...................     100.0      47.5      26.4      21.2          2.5        18.7      52.5      45.5      49.6      19.1        0.2           7.7          22.6         -4.1         7.0
1976...................     100.0      47.2      24.2      23.1          2.0        21.0      52.8      45.6      49.5      19.6       -0.2           8.2          21.9         -3.9         7.2
TQ.....................     100.0      50.1      23.2      26.8          3.5        23.4      49.9      42.7      47.1      20.3       -0.1           7.9          19.0         -4.4         7.2
1977...................     100.0      48.2      23.8      24.3          2.0        22.4      51.8      44.5      48.2      20.5       -0.7           8.1          20.3         -3.6         7.3
1978...................     100.0      47.7      22.8      24.9          1.9        23.0      52.3      44.6      48.0      20.2       -0.2           7.7          20.4         -3.4         7.7
1979...................     100.0      47.6      23.2      24.4          1.8        22.6      52.4      43.9      47.4      20.4       -0.3           7.6          19.8         -3.5         8.5

1980...................     100.0      46.8      22.8      24.0          2.2        21.8      53.2      44.4      47.7      19.8       -0.1           7.6          20.4         -3.4         8.9
1981...................     100.0      45.4      23.3      22.1          2.0        20.1      54.6      44.5      48.6      20.3       -0.2           7.6          20.9         -4.1        10.1
1982...................     100.0      43.7      24.9      18.8          1.7        17.0      56.3      44.9      48.4      20.6       -0.3           6.9          21.1         -3.5        11.4
1983...................     100.0      43.7      26.0      17.7          1.7        16.1      56.3      45.2      49.4      20.8       -0.1           7.0          21.6         -4.2        11.1
1984...................     100.0      44.5      26.8      17.8          1.9        15.9      55.5      42.4      46.2      20.7       -0.1           6.8          18.8         -3.8        13.0

1985...................     100.0      43.9      26.7      17.2          1.8        15.4      56.1      42.4      45.8      19.7       -0.2           6.6          19.8         -3.5        13.7
1986...................     100.0      44.3      27.6      16.6          1.8        14.8      55.7      42.0      45.3      19.8        0.2           6.7          18.6         -3.3        13.7
1987...................     100.0      44.2      28.1      16.1          1.5        14.6      55.8      42.0      46.2      20.4        0.3           7.0          18.5         -4.2        13.8
1988...................     100.0      43.6      27.3      16.3          1.5        14.8      56.4      42.1      46.3      20.4        0.9           7.2          17.8         -4.2        14.3
1989...................     100.0      42.7      26.6      16.2          1.5        14.7      57.3      42.5      46.4      20.1        1.9           7.3          16.9         -3.9        14.8

1990...................     100.0      39.9      24.0      16.0          1.5        14.5      60.1      45.3      48.3      19.7        4.6           7.5          16.5         -2.9        14.7
1991...................     100.0      40.3      24.1      16.1          1.5        14.6      59.7      45.0      48.0      20.1        5.0           8.7          14.2         -3.0        14.7
1992...................     100.0      38.6      21.9      16.7          1.4        15.3      61.4      46.9      49.8      20.6        0.2          10.2          18.7         -2.8        14.4
1993...................     100.0      38.3      20.7      17.5          1.5        16.0      61.7      47.6      50.3      21.4       -2.0          11.1          19.7         -2.7        14.1
1994...................     100.0      37.0      19.3      17.7          1.4        16.3      63.0      49.1      51.7      21.7       -0.5          11.7          18.9         -2.6        13.9

1995...................     100.0      35.9      18.0      17.9          1.3        16.6      64.1      48.7      51.7      22.0       -1.2          12.0          18.9         -2.9        15.3
1996...................     100.0      34.1      17.0      17.1          1.2        15.9      65.9      50.4      52.8      22.2       -0.5          12.0          19.1         -2.4        15.4
1997...................     100.0      34.2      17.0      17.2          1.2        16.0      65.8      50.6      53.7      22.6       -0.9          12.1          19.9         -3.1        15.2
1998...................     100.0      33.4      16.4      17.1          1.1        16.0      66.6      52.0      54.9      22.8       -0.3          12.1          20.2         -2.9        14.6
1999...................     100.0      33.6      16.2      17.4          1.1        16.3      66.4      52.9      55.3      22.7       -0.3          12.4          20.4         -2.4        13.5

2000...................     100.0      34.4      16.5      17.9          1.2        16.7      65.6      53.2      55.5      22.7       -0.2          12.7          20.4         -2.4        12.5
2001...................     100.0      34.8      16.4      18.4          1.2        17.2      65.2      54.1      56.6      23.0       -0.1          13.0          20.7         -2.5        11.1
2002...................     100.0      36.5      17.4      19.2          1.3        17.9      63.5      55.0      57.4      22.5       -0.1          13.4          21.5         -2.4         8.5
2003 estimate..........     100.0      37.0      17.6      19.4          1.3        18.1      63.0      55.5      57.8      22.2          *          13.7          22.0         -2.3         7.5
2004 estimate..........     100.0      36.7      17.5      19.2          1.3        18.0      63.3      55.4      57.8      22.1         -*          14.1          21.6         -2.4         7.9

2005 estimate..........     100.0      36.3      17.5      18.8          1.2        17.6      63.7      55.0      57.9      21.8       -0.1          14.3          21.8         -2.9         8.7
2006 estimate..........     100.0      35.3      17.2      18.1          1.2        16.9      64.7      55.6      58.4      21.6       -0.1          14.4          22.4         -2.8         9.1
2007 estimate..........     100.0      34.6      16.9      17.7          1.2        16.5      65.4      56.1      58.7      21.7       -0.1          14.4          22.6         -2.6         9.3
2008 estimate..........     100.0      34.2      17.0      17.2          1.2        16.0      65.8      56.5      59.0      21.7       -0.1          14.7          22.7         -2.5         9.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.
\1\ Includes Medicaid, food stamps, family support assistance (AFDC), supplemental security income (SSI), child nutrition programs, earned income tax credits (EITC and HITC), welfare
  contingency fund, child care entitlement to States, temporary assistance to needy families, State children's health insurance and veterans pensions.
\2\ Including asset sales.



[[Page 126]]

 
                                                     Table 8.4--OUTLAYS BY BUDGET ENFORCEMENT ACT CATEGORY AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1962-2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Discretionary                                                            Mandatory and Net Interest
                                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Nondefense                                                            Mandatory
                           Total                      -----------------------------------          ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Fiscal Year         Outlays            National                                                                                Programmatic                                          Net
                                     Total    Defense                                       Total            ----------------------------------------------------------- Undistributed  Interest
                                                         Total   International  Domestic              Total              Social    Deposit     Means Tested                Offsetting
                                                                                                                Total   Security  Insurance  Entitlements \1\    Other    Receipts \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962...................      18.8      12.7       9.2       3.4          1.0         2.5       6.1       4.9       5.8       2.5       -0.1           0.8           2.7         -0.9         1.2
1963...................      18.6      12.6       9.0       3.6          0.9         2.7       6.0       4.7       5.7       2.6       -0.1           0.8           2.4         -1.0         1.3
1964...................      18.5      12.3       8.6       3.8          0.7         3.0       6.1       4.9       5.8       2.5       -0.1           0.8           2.5         -0.9         1.3

1965...................      17.2      11.3       7.4       3.9          0.7         3.2       5.9       4.6       5.5       2.5       -0.1           0.8           2.3         -0.9         1.2
1966...................      17.8      12.0       7.8       4.1          0.7         3.5       5.9       4.6       5.5       2.7       -0.1           0.8           2.1         -0.9         1.2
1967...................      19.4      13.1       8.8       4.2          0.7         3.6       6.3       5.0       5.9       2.6         -*           0.8           2.6         -0.9         1.3
1968...................      20.5      13.6       9.5       4.1          0.6         3.6       6.9       5.7       6.6       2.7       -0.1           0.9           3.1         -0.9         1.3
1969...................      19.3      12.4       8.7       3.6          0.4         3.2       7.0       5.6       6.5       2.8       -0.1           0.9           2.8         -0.8         1.3

1970...................      19.3      11.9       8.1       3.8          0.4         3.4       7.4       6.0       6.9       2.9         -*           1.0           3.0         -0.9         1.4
1971...................      19.4      11.3       7.3       4.0          0.3         3.7       8.1       6.7       7.7       3.2         -*           1.2           3.2         -0.9         1.4
1972...................      19.5      10.9       6.7       4.2          0.4         3.8       8.6       7.3       8.1       3.3       -0.1           1.4           3.4         -0.8         1.3
1973...................      18.8      10.0       5.9       4.1          0.4         3.7       8.8       7.5       8.5       3.7       -0.1           1.3           3.6         -1.0         1.3
1974...................      18.7       9.6       5.6       4.0          0.4         3.6       9.1       7.6       8.8       3.8         -*           1.4           3.6         -1.2         1.5

1975...................      21.3      10.1       5.6       4.5          0.5         4.0      11.2       9.7      10.6       4.1          *           1.6           4.8         -0.9         1.5
1976...................      21.4      10.1       5.2       4.9          0.4         4.5      11.3       9.8      10.6       4.2         -*           1.8           4.7         -0.8         1.5
TQ.....................      21.1      10.6       4.9       5.7          0.7         4.9      10.5       9.0       9.9       4.3         -*           1.7           4.0         -0.9         1.5
1977...................      20.8      10.0       4.9       5.1          0.4         4.6      10.8       9.2      10.0       4.2       -0.1           1.7           4.2         -0.8         1.5
1978...................      20.7       9.9       4.7       5.1          0.4         4.8      10.8       9.2       9.9       4.2         -*           1.6           4.2         -0.7         1.6
1979...................      20.1       9.6       4.7       4.9          0.4         4.6      10.5       8.8       9.5       4.1       -0.1           1.5           4.0         -0.7         1.7

1980...................      21.6      10.1       4.9       5.2          0.5         4.7      11.5       9.6      10.3       4.3         -*           1.6           4.4         -0.7         1.9
1981...................      22.2      10.1       5.2       4.9          0.4         4.5      12.1       9.8      10.8       4.5         -*           1.7           4.6         -0.9         2.2
1982...................      23.1      10.1       5.8       4.3          0.4         3.9      13.0      10.4      11.2       4.8       -0.1           1.6           4.9         -0.8         2.6
1983...................      23.5      10.3       6.1       4.2          0.4         3.8      13.2      10.6      11.6       4.9         -*           1.7           5.1         -1.0         2.6
1984...................      22.2       9.9       5.9       3.9          0.4         3.5      12.3       9.4      10.2       4.6         -*           1.5           4.2         -0.8         2.9

1985...................      22.9      10.1       6.1       3.9          0.4         3.5      12.8       9.7      10.5       4.5       -0.1           1.5           4.5         -0.8         3.1
1986...................      22.5      10.0       6.2       3.7          0.4         3.3      12.5       9.4      10.2       4.5          *           1.5           4.2         -0.7         3.1
1987...................      21.6       9.6       6.1       3.5          0.3         3.2      12.0       9.1      10.0       4.4        0.1           1.5           4.0         -0.9         3.0
1988...................      21.2       9.3       5.8       3.5          0.3         3.1      12.0       8.9       9.8       4.3        0.2           1.5           3.8         -0.9         3.0
1989...................      21.2       9.0       5.6       3.4          0.3         3.1      12.1       9.0       9.8       4.3        0.4           1.6           3.6         -0.8         3.1

1990...................      21.8       8.7       5.2       3.5          0.3         3.2      13.1       9.9      10.5       4.3        1.0           1.6           3.6         -0.6         3.2
1991...................      22.3       9.0       5.4       3.6          0.3         3.3      13.3      10.1      10.7       4.5        1.1           1.9           3.2         -0.7         3.3
1992...................      22.2       8.6       4.9       3.7          0.3         3.4      13.6      10.4      11.1       4.6          *           2.3           4.2         -0.6         3.2
1993...................      21.5       8.2       4.5       3.8          0.3         3.4      13.3      10.2      10.8       4.6       -0.4           2.4           4.2         -0.6         3.0
1994...................      21.1       7.8       4.1       3.7          0.3         3.4      13.3      10.3      10.9       4.6       -0.1           2.5           4.0         -0.5         2.9

1995...................      20.7       7.4       3.7       3.7          0.3         3.4      13.3      10.1      10.7       4.6       -0.2           2.5           3.9         -0.6         3.2
1996...................      20.3       6.9       3.5       3.5          0.2         3.2      13.4      10.2      10.7       4.5       -0.1           2.4           3.9         -0.5         3.1
1997...................      19.6       6.7       3.3       3.4          0.2         3.1      12.9       9.9      10.5       4.4       -0.2           2.4           3.9         -0.6         3.0
1998...................      19.1       6.4       3.1       3.3          0.2         3.0      12.7       9.9      10.5       4.3       -0.1           2.3           3.9         -0.5         2.8
1999...................      18.6       6.3       3.0       3.2          0.2         3.0      12.4       9.9      10.3       4.2       -0.1           2.3           3.8         -0.4         2.5

2000...................      18.4       6.3       3.0       3.3          0.2         3.1      12.1       9.8      10.2       4.2         -*           2.3           3.7         -0.4         2.3
2001...................      18.6       6.5       3.1       3.4          0.2         3.2      12.1      10.1      10.5       4.3         -*           2.4           3.9         -0.5         2.1
2002...................      19.5       7.1       3.4       3.7          0.3         3.5      12.4      10.7      11.2       4.4         -*           2.6           4.2         -0.5         1.7
2003 estimate..........      19.9       7.4       3.5       3.9          0.3         3.6      12.5      11.0      11.5       4.4          *           2.7           4.4         -0.5         1.5
2004 estimate..........      19.7       7.2       3.4       3.8          0.2         3.5      12.5      10.9      11.4       4.4         -*           2.8           4.3         -0.5         1.6

2005 estimate..........      19.7       7.2       3.4       3.7          0.2         3.5      12.6      10.9      11.4       4.3         -*           2.8           4.3         -0.6         1.7
2006 estimate..........      19.7       7.0       3.4       3.6          0.2         3.3      12.8      11.0      11.5       4.3         -*           2.8           4.4         -0.5         1.8
2007 estimate..........      19.7       6.8       3.3       3.5          0.2         3.2      12.9      11.0      11.5       4.3         -*           2.8           4.4         -0.5         1.8
2008 estimate..........      19.7       6.7       3.3       3.4          0.2         3.1      13.0      11.1      11.6       4.3         -*           2.9           4.5         -0.5         1.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.
\1\ Includes Medicaid, food stamps, family support assistance (AFDC), supplemental security income (SSI), child nutrition programs, earned income tax credits (EITC and HITC), welfare
  contingency fund, child care entitlement to States, temporary assistance to needy families, State children's health insurance and veterans pensions.
\2\ Including asset sales.



[[Page 127]]

 
                                            Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        310        382        334        356        504        882      1,017        943
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................        103        157        210        272        770      1,173      1,806      2,285
      Other.....................................................          8         12         15         24         38         26         24         35
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................        110        169        225        296        808      1,199      1,830      2,319
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      2,525      4,427      5,396
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        652        622        671        643        708        702        912      1,002
      Federal employee retirement and disability................      1,951      2,233      2,546      2,858      3,319      3,789      4,271      4,767
      Unemployment compensation.................................      3,499      3,127      2,912      2,342      1,964      1,994      2,266      2,293
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................        275        284        308        299        363        418        505        587
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................      2,329      2,572      2,734      2,787      2,758      2,720      3,166      3,618
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................         -2         -3        -43         13         -*         14         13         21
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................      8,704      8,835      9,129      8,943      9,112      9,638     11,133     12,287
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................     14,047     15,456     16,247     17,077     20,257     21,292     23,293     26,700
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................      3,970      4,208      4,148      4,216      4,185      4,547      4,668      5,041
      Other.....................................................        393        -10        123         55        237        605        687        801
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................      4,363      4,198      4,271      4,271      4,422      5,151      5,355      5,842
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............     27,535     29,040     30,206     30,944     35,103     40,688     47,055     53,486
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -206       -318       -281       -403       -887       -573       -226       -218
    International affairs.......................................        132         62        341        569        518        218        430        519
    Energy......................................................        -50       -113       -114       -131       -132        -54         -3        -10
    Agriculture.................................................      3,193      3,930      4,118      3,433      1,851      2,327      3,783      5,062
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -394       -423       -436       -389       -486       -401       -522       -603
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        477       -879       -323        -87      1,880      2,137      2,700       -554
    Community and regional development..........................         37         47         39         68         96        107        101         76
    General government..........................................       -218       -127       -129        -96        -99       -144       -140         -1
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................     -5,274     -5,797     -5,708     -5,908     -6,542     -7,294     -8,045     -7,986
    All other...................................................      2,626      2,860      3,481      3,844      3,701      3,712      3,933      3,852
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................        323       -757        988        900       -101         35      2,011        137
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................     27,857     28,283     31,193     31,844     35,002     40,723     49,066     53,623
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................      9,120      9,895     10,666     11,346     12,014     13,391     14,573     16,588
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................       -824       -895     -1,006     -1,121     -1,259     -1,492     -1,689     -1,953
    Off-budget trust funds......................................       -609       -582       -607       -648       -642       -792       -979     -1,149
  Other.........................................................       -797       -678       -855       -986       -727       -839       -816       -788
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................      6,889      7,740      8,199      8,591      9,386     10,268     11,090     12,699
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................     34,747     36,022     39,392     40,435     44,389     50,991     60,156     66,322
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 128]]


                                       Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........      1,281      1,420      2,536      2,196      2,240      2,955      3,159        835
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................      2,727      3,362      4,601      4,600      5,818      6,840      8,568      2,229
      Other.....................................................         38         64         75        189        166        269        450        115
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................      2,765      3,426      4,677      4,789      5,984      7,109      9,019      2,343
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................      5,848      6,225      7,024      7,613      8,972     12,214     14,997      4,043
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        997      1,574      1,771      2,554      2,706      4,661      2,971      1,158
      Federal employee retirement and disability................      5,528      6,567      7,665      8,880     10,762     13,199     15,452      4,262
      Unemployment compensation.................................      3,074      5,749      6,640      4,887      5,589     12,806     18,565      3,789
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................        960      2,179      3,218      3,641      4,433      6,643      7,809      1,782
      Supplemental Security Income..............................  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,954      4,320      4,573      1,165
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................      4,142      5,486      6,559      5,922      5,423      5,121      5,849      1,606
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        808         86
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................         -5         -2        -31        -20          1        -69         -2          7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................     14,696     21,553     25,822     25,864     30,868     46,680     56,025     13,855
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................     29,647     35,131     39,364     48,176     54,990     63,557     72,699     19,458
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................      5,552      5,973      6,354      6,540      6,794      7,877      8,369      2,085
      Other.....................................................      1,060      1,481      1,632      2,413      3,221      4,585      5,514        718
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................      6,612      7,454      7,987      8,953     10,016     12,462     13,883      2,803
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............     60,848     75,209     87,409     97,592    113,068    144,979    169,782     43,338
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -220       -137       -164       -414     -1,373     -1,107       -257        -44
    International affairs.......................................        367        389        200       -681       -487     -1,058     -1,026       -857
    Energy......................................................         12        148        203        163        614      1,179      1,615        404
    Agriculture.................................................      4,340      3,406      4,315      3,886      1,249      1,950      2,050        701
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -501       -383       -597       -808       -613        508       -573        -63
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        513         62        913       -231      2,901      6,587      5,428       -158
    Community and regional development..........................        101        266        376      1,041        772        644        793        227
    General government..........................................         29         -5         -1      6,489      6,260      6,653      6,160      1,789
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................     -8,632    -10,107     -9,583    -13,409    -16,749    -13,602    -14,386     -4,206
    All other...................................................      4,159      3,952      3,588      4,336      4,059      4,392       -100       -158
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................        166     -2,410       -750        372     -3,368      6,147       -296     -2,367
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................     61,015     72,800     86,660     97,964    109,700    151,126    169,486     40,971
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................     19,304     20,959     21,849     24,167     29,319     32,665     37,076      8,104
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................     -2,367     -2,820     -2,983     -3,156     -4,064     -4,861     -4,988       -177
    Off-budget trust funds......................................     -1,568     -1,942     -2,106     -2,280     -2,520     -2,803     -2,812        -93
  Other.........................................................       -989     -1,356     -1,282     -1,382     -1,286     -1,756     -2,549       -885
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................     14,380     14,841     15,478     17,349     21,449     23,244     26,727      6,949
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................     75,395     87,641    102,137    115,312    131,149    174,371    196,213     47,920
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 129]]


                                       Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........      3,443      4,298      5,275      6,048      7,820      7,066      5,868      7,046
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................      9,876     10,680     12,407     13,957     16,833     17,391     18,985     20,061
      Other.....................................................        491        550        574        741        931      1,071      1,119      1,427
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................     10,367     11,230     12,981     14,698     17,764     18,462     20,104     21,488
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................     18,576     21,832     25,507     31,010     37,927     45,312     51,245     56,009
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................      3,277      3,082      4,025      4,731      5,053      5,149      5,101      4,984
      Federal employee retirement and disability................     17,700     19,814     22,631     26,565     31,243     34,289     36,456     38,006
      Unemployment compensation.................................     14,331     10,886      9,837     16,889     18,319     22,278     29,568     17,019
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................      8,233      8,437     10,109     13,114     15,085     14,442     16,493     16,345
      Supplemental Security Income..............................      4,772      5,280      4,865      5,716      6,467      6,864      7,894      7,633
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................      6,351      6,639      6,610      7,308      8,175      7,990      8,391      8,854
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................        901        881        773      1,275      1,318      1,201      1,213      1,193
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....  .........  .........  .........  .........        557        418        410        659
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................        -39         -1         63        153        891        675        550      1,222
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................     55,525     55,018     58,914     75,752     87,109     93,306    106,075     95,915
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................     83,690     92,447    102,594    117,053    137,881    153,916    168,513    176,052
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................      9,229      9,759     10,793     11,700     12,921     13,723     14,263     14,412
      Other.....................................................      3,550      3,345      2,888      2,303      2,446      2,037      1,603      1,582
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................     12,779     13,104     13,680     14,004     15,367     15,760     15,867     15,994
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............    184,380    197,929    218,951    258,564    303,869    333,822    367,672    372,505
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -276       -153       -434       -634       -452       -625         21       -632
    International affairs.......................................     -1,660     -1,060     -1,683        -61       -544       -582     -1,755       -391
    Energy......................................................      1,985      2,697      3,070      4,008      4,831      4,914      2,870         58
    Agriculture.................................................      5,541      9,998      9,658      7,240      9,559     14,174     21,189     11,653
    Deposit insurance...........................................     -2,788       -988     -1,745       -375     -1,383     -2,085     -1,156       -841
    Universal service fund......................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         42
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................      2,426      3,872      2,630      4,685      5,317      4,759      4,325      4,082
    Community and regional development..........................        964        996      1,233      1,816      1,509      1,670      1,477      1,356
    General government..........................................      6,895      7,324      7,516      7,762      6,087      5,201      5,230      5,320
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................    -14,879    -15,720    -17,476    -19,942    -28,041    -26,099    -33,976    -31,957
    All other...................................................       -341       -327       -316       -975        809       -396       -656        117
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................     -2,135      6,638      2,452      3,523     -2,308        931     -2,431    -11,193
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................    182,245    204,566    221,402    262,087    301,561    334,753    365,240    361,312
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................     41,915     48,712     59,855     74,803     95,535    117,227    128,653    153,866
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................     -5,488     -6,128     -7,727     -9,707    -11,523    -13,995    -15,257    -17,044
    Off-budget trust funds......................................     -2,650     -2,403     -2,224     -2,339     -2,288     -2,071     -1,845     -3,310
  Other.........................................................     -3,875     -4,724     -7,271    -10,224    -12,958    -16,129    -21,743    -22,410
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................     29,901     35,458     42,633     52,533     68,766     85,032     89,808    111,102
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................    212,146    240,024    264,035    314,620    370,327    419,785    455,048    472,414
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 130]]


                                       Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........      6,789      6,984      6,256      6,636      8,216      9,305     10,640      8,723
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................     22,655     24,995     27,435     30,462     34,604     41,103     52,533     67,827
      Other.....................................................      1,285        710      1,879      1,875        731      1,749      2,486      3,704
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................     23,940     25,705     29,314     32,336     35,335     42,852     55,019     71,532
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................     64,087     68,445     73,393     76,906     82,710     95,803    102,045    116,178
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................      5,168      4,899      5,133      4,882      5,179      4,673      4,439      4,986
      Federal employee retirement and disability................     38,541     41,310     43,692     46,813     49,102     51,916     56,035     57,492
      Unemployment compensation.................................     15,844     16,135     15,475     13,641     13,940     17,128     25,112     36,999
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................     16,683     16,638     16,859     17,832     18,794     21,338     25,690     29,502
      Supplemental Security Income..............................      8,654      9,323      9,933     11,370     11,503     11,493     14,668     17,907
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................      9,224      9,877     10,540     10,764     11,166     12,246     13,520     15,103
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................      1,100      1,415      1,410      2,698      4,002      4,354      4,885      7,345
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....        749        808        802      1,004      1,344      1,579      2,120      2,505
      Offsetting receipts.......................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........       -668
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................     13,861        942      1,378      1,180        736        410        217        129
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................    109,824    101,347    105,221    110,183    115,766    125,137    146,686    171,300
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................    186,432    196,547    205,072    216,808    230,395    246,495    266,765    285,167
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................     14,728     15,047     14,978     15,980     16,562     15,261     16,981     17,318
      Other.....................................................      1,182        627        734      1,729      1,324        802        565      1,634
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................     15,910     15,675     15,713     17,708     17,886     16,062     17,546     18,952
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............    406,981    414,704    434,969    460,578    490,308    535,655    598,700    671,852
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -361       -456       -518       -558       -474       -810    -46,412     -4,252
    International affairs.......................................     -1,214     -3,556     -1,675     -1,477     -1,023     -5,206     -3,847     -3,053
    Energy......................................................       -893       -331       -369       -671     -2,175     -1,420     -1,973       -897
    Agriculture.................................................     23,446     29,402     24,491     15,028     14,534      9,334     12,387     11,032
    Deposit insurance...........................................     -2,151      1,512      3,099     10,013     22,003     57,946     66,168      2,612
    Universal service fund......................................        108        169        253        349        499        648        769        826
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................      2,698        506      2,402      6,546      3,899      5,172      5,983      4,859
    Community and regional development..........................      1,012      1,101        618      1,374      1,254      1,197        649        434
    General government..........................................      4,876      5,315        229      1,411        977      1,585      1,358      2,021
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................  .........  .........     -7,736     -7,714     -7,096        -85  .........  .........
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................    -32,698    -33,007    -34,581    -36,967    -37,212    -36,615    -39,356    -39,280
    All other...................................................       -680        528         86        301        356        845      2,165      2,326
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................     -5,856      1,183    -13,699    -12,364     -4,459     32,590     -2,108    -23,371
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................    401,125    415,886    421,269    448,214    485,849    568,246    596,593    648,482
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................    178,871    190,272    195,242    214,047    240,845    264,691    285,421    292,294
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................    -21,838    -26,628    -29,614    -34,406    -40,467    -46,321    -50,426    -54,193
    Off-budget trust funds......................................     -4,118     -4,329     -5,290     -7,416    -11,395    -15,991    -20,222    -23,637
  Other.........................................................    -23,438    -23,298    -21,727    -20,422    -20,003    -18,032    -20,325    -15,120
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................    129,478    136,017    138,611    151,803    168,981    184,347    194,448    199,344
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................    530,603    551,903    559,881    600,017    654,830    752,592    791,041    847,826
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 131]]


                                       Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........     10,920      5,712     12,100      9,855      9,316      7,963      5,464      4,813
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................     75,774     82,034     89,070     91,990     95,552    101,234    108,042    117,921
      Other.....................................................      4,001      4,548      4,332      4,813      5,327      5,355      6,087      6,600
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................     79,775     86,582     93,402     96,803    100,879    106,589    114,129    124,521
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................    127,903    141,834    156,884    171,272    187,441    190,233    187,694    194,115
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................      3,888      5,272      4,697      4,847      4,328      4,247      1,492      4,817
      Federal employee retirement and disability................     59,963     62,396     65,741     67,934     71,389     73,343     74,982     77,003
      Unemployment compensation.................................     35,461     26,440     21,305     22,583     20,595     19,586     21,356     20,742
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................     31,739     33,038     33,515     33,747     31,659     29,209     28,700     28,020
      Supplemental Security Income..............................     21,078     24,500     24,510     24,125     26,662     27,472     28,175     31,065
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................     15,628     16,508     17,133     16,670     16,467     17,485     19,171     20,607
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................      8,781     10,950     15,244     19,159     21,856     23,239     25,632     26,099
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....      2,628      2,985      3,226      3,691      4,047      4,451      4,707      5,453
      Offsetting receipts.......................................       -735       -800       -927     -1,187     -1,620     -2,368     -2,347     -2,550
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................        145         80         82         94        122         90        530        892
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................    178,577    181,370    184,526    191,663    195,505    196,754    202,398    212,148
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................    301,986    316,913    333,273    347,051    362,296    376,119    386,991    406,048
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................     17,781     19,638     18,993     18,228     20,435     21,350     22,184     24,906
      Other.....................................................      2,068      1,227      1,465      1,150        270      1,930      1,654      1,424
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................     19,848     20,865     20,458     19,378     20,705     23,280     23,838     26,330
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............    719,009    753,275    800,643    836,022    876,142    900,938    920,514    967,975
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................     -1,344       -624     -1,496       -208     -1,169     -1,792       -590       -470
    International affairs.......................................     -4,322     -3,723     -3,682     -4,840     -3,754     -4,992     -4,276     -4,073
    Energy......................................................     -1,240     -1,184     -1,829     -3,122     -3,431     -2,440     -2,217     -4,019
    Agriculture.................................................     16,109     10,661      5,765      5,023      4,960      7,879     18,447     31,990
    Deposit insurance...........................................    -27,988     -7,601    -17,859     -8,405    -14,386     -4,372     -5,282     -3,052
    Universal service fund......................................        866        890        929        957      1,001      1,769      3,293      4,074
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................      3,170      1,630     -3,728     -4,698     -2,847      3,125      4,185     -2,285
    Community and regional development..........................        700       -257        544        310        277       -436       -106       -796
    General government..........................................      1,540       -328      1,591        229        795      3,677      3,345      1,035
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................  .........  .........     -7,644       -342    -11,006     -7,800     -1,753       -150
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................    -37,386    -37,772    -36,811    -37,278    -38,967    -39,394    -38,692    -42,431
    All other...................................................      2,250      2,568      2,383      3,127      2,418      3,200      3,279      3,189
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................    -47,646    -35,741    -61,837    -49,247    -66,109    -41,576    -20,367    -16,988
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................    671,363    717,535    738,806    786,775    810,033    859,362    900,147    950,987
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................    292,479    296,253    332,379    343,918    355,764    363,759    353,463    361,925
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................    -55,537    -56,494    -59,871    -60,869    -63,776    -67,208    -66,520    -69,290
    Off-budget trust funds......................................    -26,788    -29,203    -33,305    -36,507    -41,214    -46,630    -52,071    -59,796
  Other.........................................................    -11,442     -7,623     -7,069     -5,489     -6,790     -8,802     -5,116     -9,888
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................    198,713    202,932    232,134    241,053    243,984    241,119    229,756    222,951
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................    870,076    920,467    970,940  1,027,828  1,054,017  1,100,481  1,129,903  1,173,938
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 132]]


                                       Table 8.5--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                      Category and Program                           2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........      2,877      7,803     13,677     12,550      9,008      8,873      8,795      8,913
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................    129,374    147,512    162,541    182,543    196,983    215,306    232,505    252,498
      Other.....................................................      9,738      9,630     16,118     15,807     20,139     24,898     27,157     28,990
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................    139,112    157,142    178,659    198,350    217,122    240,204    259,662    281,488
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................    214,061    227,699    240,993    255,180    272,113    301,057    323,485    345,366
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................      5,395      5,373      6,222      6,477      6,533      6,916      6,986      7,258
      Federal employee retirement and disability................     80,821     83,193     86,250     88,685     92,154     95,538     99,015    102,412
      Unemployment compensation.................................     27,909     50,645     53,450     40,471     39,412     40,274     43,223     46,407
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................     29,417     33,228     37,658     37,911     39,159     39,812     40,727     42,087
      Supplemental Security Income..............................     27,481     31,411     32,888     34,295     38,716     37,178     35,345     39,828
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................     24,205     25,112     26,074     25,819     25,612     25,615     26,047     25,634
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................     26,123     27,826     30,606     31,375     32,092     33,450     34,484     35,383
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....      5,711      5,885      6,297      6,718      7,079      7,541      7,831      8,107
      Offsetting receipts.......................................     -2,465     -3,275     -5,567     -5,044     -3,375     -3,206     -3,261     -3,365
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................      1,046      5,114      6,248      7,011     10,561     11,990     11,912     11,732
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................    225,643    264,512    280,126    273,718    287,943    295,108    302,309    315,483
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................    429,368    452,487    474,488    493,024    511,620    533,116    558,700    587,177
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................     22,497     26,716     29,505     31,402     35,663     34,845     33,577     37,883
      Other.....................................................        143        160      2,402      2,717      2,832      2,898      2,968      3,095
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................     22,640     26,876     31,907     34,119     38,495     37,743     36,545     40,978
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............  1,033,701  1,136,519  1,219,850  1,266,941  1,336,301  1,416,101  1,489,496  1,579,405
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -568       -390        572        673        355        384        273        356
    International affairs.......................................     -6,003     -3,830     -6,854     -2,447     -2,241     -2,286     -2,100     -1,935
    Energy......................................................     -2,859     -2,493     -2,729     -2,728     -2,358     -2,224     -2,681     -2,781
    Agriculture.................................................     21,296     16,882     15,176     15,147     18,669     18,267     17,269     15,550
    Deposit insurance...........................................     -1,442     -1,021        141       -901     -1,213     -1,774     -1,621     -1,595
    Universal service fund......................................      4,947      5,108      6,357      6,588      6,704      6,827      6,958      7,125
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        906     -5,470     -4,609     -5,639     -6,827     -4,264     -4,418     -4,928
    Community and regional development..........................       -519     -1,162         81       -406       -462       -573       -601       -636
    General government..........................................      1,618      2,745      2,152      2,645      3,896      2,668      2,785      2,899
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................     -1,024         -1        -90       -200    -10,935     -8,127     -3,052     -2,902
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................    -45,987    -47,805    -50,206    -53,468    -56,669    -60,182    -62,948    -65,571
    All other...................................................      4,335      6,588      7,680      8,037      4,153      4,524      5,606      5,524
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................    -25,300    -30,849    -32,329    -32,699    -46,928    -46,760    -44,530    -48,894
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................  1,008,401  1,105,670  1,187,531  1,234,242  1,289,373  1,369,341  1,444,966  1,530,511
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................    359,476    332,537    328,316    352,335    392,932    427,628    459,169    491,641
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................    -75,302    -76,494    -73,925    -75,532    -78,192    -81,695    -85,468    -89,542
    Off-budget trust funds......................................    -68,811    -76,820    -83,576    -88,698    -96,769   -106,122   -116,995   -129,253
  Other.........................................................     -9,195     -8,272     -9,374    -11,710    -13,946    -15,282    -16,862    -18,775
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................    206,168    170,951    161,441    176,395    204,025    224,529    239,844    254,071
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................  1,214,569  1,276,621  1,348,972  1,410,637  1,493,398  1,593,870  1,684,810  1,784,582
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 133]]

 
                             Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        1.9        2.3        1.9        1.9        2.6        4.3        4.7        4.1
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................        0.5        0.7        0.9        1.2        3.2        4.8        7.2        8.7
      Other.....................................................          *        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.2        0.1        0.1        0.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................        0.5        0.8        1.0        1.3        3.4        4.9        7.3        8.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        9.7       17.0       20.0
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        2.9        2.7        2.9        2.7        3.0        2.9        3.6        3.8
      Federal employee retirement and disability................        8.5        9.8       11.0       12.2       13.9       15.4       16.9       18.0
      Unemployment compensation.................................       15.6       13.6       12.5        9.8        8.1        8.1        9.0        8.7
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................        1.2        1.2        1.3        1.3        1.5        1.7        2.0        2.2
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       10.4       11.3       11.9       11.9       11.6       11.1       12.6       13.8
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................         -*         -*       -0.2        0.1         -*        0.1        0.1        0.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................       38.6       38.6       39.3       38.0       38.1       39.3       44.1       46.6
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................       62.5       67.9       70.5       73.0       85.1       87.0       92.4      101.6
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       16.7       17.7       17.3       17.4       17.0       18.1       18.1       18.9
      Other.....................................................        2.2       -0.2        0.6        0.2        1.2        2.7        2.9        3.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       19.0       17.4       17.9       17.6       18.2       20.8       21.0       22.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      122.5      127.0      130.5      131.8      147.4      166.1      186.4      203.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -1.1       -1.7       -1.5       -2.1       -4.5       -2.8       -1.0       -1.0
    International affairs.......................................        0.9        0.4        2.0        3.2        2.8        1.1        2.0        2.3
    Energy......................................................       -0.3       -0.7       -0.7       -0.7       -0.7       -0.3         -*         -*
    Agriculture.................................................       20.3       23.6       23.5       18.8        9.8       11.6       17.7       22.2
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -2.6       -2.6       -2.5       -2.2       -2.6       -2.0       -2.5       -2.6
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        3.1       -5.4       -1.9       -0.5       10.0       10.7       12.7       -2.4
    Community and regional development..........................        0.2        0.3        0.2        0.4        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.3
    General government..........................................       -1.6       -0.9       -0.9       -0.6       -0.6       -0.8       -0.7         -*
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -38.9      -41.3      -39.5      -38.8      -41.0      -41.5      -42.1      -39.2
    All other...................................................       13.6       14.4       17.3       18.7       17.9       17.4       17.7       16.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................       -6.4      -13.9       -3.9       -3.9       -8.3       -6.1        4.3       -4.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      116.0      113.1      126.6      127.9      139.1      160.0      190.8      198.9
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................       40.2       43.1       45.9       48.0       49.7       53.7       56.4       61.4
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................       -3.6       -3.9       -4.3       -4.7       -5.2       -6.0       -6.5       -7.2
    Off-budget trust funds......................................       -2.7       -2.5       -2.6       -2.7       -2.7       -3.2       -3.8       -4.3
  Other.........................................................       -3.5       -3.0       -3.7       -4.2       -3.0       -3.4       -3.2       -2.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................       30.4       33.7       35.3       36.3       38.8       41.2       42.9       47.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................      146.4      146.8      161.8      164.2      177.9      201.2      233.7      246.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $50 million or less.


[[Page 134]]


                        Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        5.1        5.3        8.9        7.4        6.9        8.2        8.1        2.1
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................        9.9       11.7       15.4       14.8       17.4       18.5       21.8        5.5
      Other.....................................................        0.1        0.2        0.3        0.6        0.5        0.8        1.2        0.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................       10.0       11.9       15.7       15.4       17.9       19.3       23.0        5.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................       20.8       21.2       23.2       24.3       26.4       32.7       37.9        9.9
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        3.6        5.5        5.9        8.2        8.1       12.6        7.6        2.9
      Federal employee retirement and disability................       20.0       22.8       25.6       28.6       32.1       35.7       39.3       10.5
      Unemployment compensation.................................       11.2       20.0       22.2       15.7       16.7       34.7       47.2        9.4
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................        3.5        7.6       10.8       11.7       13.2       18.0       19.9        4.4
      Supplemental Security Income..............................  .........  .........  .........  .........        5.8       11.7       11.6        2.9
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       15.0       19.1       21.9       19.1       16.2       13.9       14.9        4.0
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        2.1        0.2
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................         -*         -*       -0.1       -0.1          *       -0.2         -*          *
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................       53.3       74.8       86.3       83.3       92.0      126.3      142.5       34.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................      107.6      122.0      131.6      155.2      164.0      172.1      184.9       48.0
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       19.9       20.6       21.1       21.0       20.2       21.2       21.2        5.1
      Other.....................................................        3.9        5.1        5.4        7.7        9.6       12.4       14.0        1.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       23.8       25.7       26.5       28.7       29.8       33.6       35.3        6.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      220.6      260.9      292.3      314.3      336.9      392.1      431.7      106.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -0.9       -0.5       -0.6       -1.4       -4.2       -3.1       -0.7       -0.1
    International affairs.......................................        1.5        1.5        0.7       -2.3       -1.5       -3.1       -2.7       -2.2
    Energy......................................................          *        0.6        0.7        0.5        1.9        3.4        4.3        1.0
    Agriculture.................................................       17.7       12.8       15.2       13.0        3.9        5.6        5.5        1.8
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -2.1       -1.4       -2.1       -2.7       -1.9        1.5       -1.5       -0.2
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        2.1        0.2        3.2       -0.8        9.2       19.1       14.5       -0.4
    Community and regional development..........................        0.4        1.0        1.3        3.5        2.4        1.9        2.1        0.6
    General government..........................................        0.1         -*         -*       21.8       19.2       18.3       15.7        4.4
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -38.8      -41.6      -36.7      -48.6      -57.5      -42.3      -41.2      -11.7
    All other...................................................       16.5       14.6       12.6       14.5       12.4       12.0       -0.3       -0.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................       -3.4      -13.0       -5.6       -2.4      -16.1       13.4       -4.5       -7.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      217.3      247.8      286.7      311.9      320.8      405.6      427.1       99.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................       67.8       70.0       69.8       73.9       83.7       84.5       89.6       19.0
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................       -8.3       -9.4       -9.5       -9.6      -11.6      -12.6      -12.0       -0.4
    Off-budget trust funds......................................       -5.5       -6.5       -6.7       -7.0       -7.2       -7.2       -6.8       -0.2
  Other.........................................................       -3.5       -4.5       -4.1       -4.2       -3.7       -4.5       -6.2       -2.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................       50.5       49.6       49.4       53.0       61.2       60.1       64.6       16.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................      267.7      297.4      336.1      364.9      382.0      465.7      491.7      115.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $50 million or less.


[[Page 135]]


                        Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        8.2        9.6       10.9       11.3       13.3       11.1        8.8       10.1
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................       23.4       23.6       25.3       25.8       28.4       27.6       28.8       29.3
      Other.....................................................        1.2        1.3        1.2        1.5        1.7        1.8        1.8        2.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................       24.5       24.9       26.6       27.2       30.0       29.4       30.6       31.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................       43.8       48.0       51.8       56.8       63.5       71.4       77.2       81.4
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        7.7        6.8        8.2        8.7        8.5        8.2        7.7        7.3
      Federal employee retirement and disability................       41.8       43.8       46.2       49.0       52.6       54.3       55.2       55.4
      Unemployment compensation.................................       33.9       24.1       20.1       31.2       30.9       35.3       44.8       24.9
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................       19.5       18.7       20.6       24.2       25.4       22.9       25.0       23.9
      Supplemental Security Income..............................       11.3       11.7        9.9       10.5       10.9       10.9       12.0       11.1
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       15.0       14.7       13.5       13.5       13.8       12.6       12.7       12.9
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................        2.1        1.9        1.6        2.4        2.2        1.9        1.8        1.7
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....  .........  .........  .........  .........        0.9        0.7        0.6        1.0
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................       -0.1         -*        0.1        0.3        1.6        1.1        0.9        1.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................      131.2      121.6      120.2      139.8      146.8      147.8      160.8      140.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................      197.8      204.4      209.4      216.0      232.4      243.9      255.5      257.1
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       21.8       21.5       22.0       21.5       21.7       21.7       21.6       21.0
      Other.....................................................        8.4        7.4        5.9        4.2        4.1        3.2        2.4        2.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       30.2       28.9       27.9       25.8       25.8       24.9       24.0       23.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      435.6      437.5      446.7      476.9      512.0      528.5      556.7      543.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -0.7       -0.3       -0.9       -1.2       -0.7       -1.0          *       -0.9
    International affairs.......................................       -4.0       -2.4       -3.6       -0.1       -1.0       -1.0       -2.9       -0.6
    Energy......................................................        4.8        6.2        6.6        8.0        8.7        8.3        4.7        0.1
    Agriculture.................................................       13.5       23.1       20.8       14.4       17.2       23.9       34.4       17.8
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -6.8       -2.3       -3.8       -0.7       -2.5       -3.5       -1.9       -1.3
    Universal service fund......................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        0.1
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        5.9        8.9        5.7        9.3        9.6        8.0        7.1        6.3
    Community and regional development..........................        2.3        2.3        2.6        3.6        2.7        2.8        2.4        2.1
    General government..........................................       16.3       16.3       15.4       14.3       10.1        7.9        7.6        7.4
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -38.5      -38.5      -40.3      -42.1      -53.4      -46.5      -58.2      -51.8
    All other...................................................       -0.9       -0.8       -0.8       -2.0        1.4       -0.8       -1.2        0.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................       -8.0       12.4        1.7        3.3       -8.0       -1.8       -7.9      -20.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      427.6      449.9      448.4      480.2      503.9      526.8      548.8      522.7
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................       94.2      102.4      116.4      133.6      155.5      178.4      187.5      216.3
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................      -12.3      -12.9      -15.0      -17.3      -18.8      -21.3      -22.2      -24.0
    Off-budget trust funds......................................       -6.0       -5.1       -4.3       -4.2       -3.7       -3.2       -2.7       -4.7
  Other.........................................................       -8.7       -9.9      -14.1      -18.3      -21.1      -24.5      -31.7      -31.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................       67.2       74.6       82.9       93.8      112.0      129.4      130.9      156.2
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................      494.8      524.4      531.3      574.0      615.9      656.1      679.7      678.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $50 million or less.


[[Page 136]]


                        Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        9.4        9.4        8.1        8.3       10.0       10.8       11.9        9.6
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................       32.0       34.3       36.5       39.0       42.4       48.3       59.1       74.1
      Other.....................................................        1.9        1.0        2.6        2.5        1.0        2.2        3.0        4.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................       33.9       35.4       39.1       41.5       43.4       50.5       62.1       78.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................       90.1       93.6       97.2       97.8      100.4      111.5      114.0      126.2
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        7.3        6.7        6.8        6.2        6.3        5.4        4.9        5.4
      Federal employee retirement and disability................       54.4       56.7       58.1       59.9       60.1       60.9       63.0       62.8
      Unemployment compensation.................................       22.3       22.1       20.6       17.4       17.1       20.1       28.3       40.4
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................       23.6       22.9       22.4       22.8       23.0       25.1       28.9       32.2
      Supplemental Security Income..............................       12.2       12.8       13.2       14.6       14.1       13.5       16.5       19.6
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       13.0       13.6       14.0       13.8       13.7       14.4       15.2       16.5
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................        1.6        1.9        1.9        3.5        4.9        5.1        5.5        8.0
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....        1.1        1.1        1.1        1.3        1.6        1.9        2.4        2.7
      Offsetting receipts.......................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........       -0.7
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................       20.6        1.3        1.8        1.5        0.9        0.5        0.2        0.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................      156.0      139.1      140.0      140.9      141.8      146.9      165.0      187.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................      263.3      270.0      272.9      277.4      282.6      289.8      300.4      311.6
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       20.8       20.6       19.9       20.4       20.3       17.9       19.1       18.9
      Other.....................................................        1.7        0.8        1.0        2.3        1.6        0.9        0.6        1.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       22.4       21.5       20.9       22.7       21.9       18.8       19.7       20.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      575.1      569.0      578.1      588.7      600.1      628.4      673.2      733.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -0.5       -0.6       -0.7       -0.7       -0.6       -1.0      -52.7       -4.7
    International affairs.......................................       -1.8       -5.1       -2.3       -2.0       -1.3       -6.6       -4.6       -3.5
    Energy......................................................       -1.3       -0.5       -0.5       -0.9       -2.9       -1.8       -2.4       -1.0
    Agriculture.................................................       34.6       42.1       34.0       20.1       19.0       11.9       14.9       12.7
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -3.2        2.2        4.3       13.5       28.9       73.9       79.5        3.0
    Universal service fund......................................        0.2        0.2        0.4        0.5        0.7        0.8        0.9        1.0
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        4.0        0.7        3.3        8.8        5.1        6.6        7.2        5.6
    Community and regional development..........................        1.5        1.6        0.9        1.8        1.6        1.5        0.8        0.5
    General government..........................................        6.5        6.9        0.2        1.8        1.1        1.8        1.5        2.2
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................  .........  .........      -10.9      -10.4       -9.3       -0.1  .........  .........
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -50.8      -49.6      -50.6      -52.5      -51.1      -48.4      -48.6      -47.1
    All other...................................................       -1.1        0.6         -*        0.3        0.3        0.8        2.4        2.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................      -11.9       -1.3      -22.0      -19.7       -8.5       39.4       -1.1      -28.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      563.2      567.7      556.1      569.0      591.6      667.8      672.1      704.7
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................      243.4      252.8      252.5      268.0      290.4      307.6      319.2      318.6
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................      -29.7      -35.4      -38.3      -43.1      -48.8      -53.8      -56.4      -59.1
    Off-budget trust funds......................................       -5.6       -5.8       -6.8       -9.3      -13.7      -18.6      -22.6      -25.8
  Other.........................................................      -31.9      -31.0      -28.1      -25.6      -24.1      -21.0      -22.7      -16.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................      176.2      180.7      179.2      190.1      203.8      214.2      217.5      217.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................      739.4      748.4      735.3      759.0      795.3      882.0      889.5      922.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $50 million or less.


[[Page 137]]


                        Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........       11.7        6.0       12.4        9.9        9.1        7.7        5.1        4.3
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................       80.7       85.7       90.9       92.0       93.5       98.0      103.1      109.8
      Other.....................................................        4.4        4.8        4.5        4.8        5.2        5.2        5.7        6.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................       85.1       90.5       95.4       96.8       98.8      103.1      108.8      115.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................      135.7      147.7      159.9      171.3      183.4      184.1      179.3      181.2
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        4.1        5.5        4.8        4.8        4.2        4.1        1.4        4.5
      Federal employee retirement and disability................       63.8       65.1       67.1       67.9       69.9       71.0       71.6       71.8
      Unemployment compensation.................................       37.8       27.6       21.7       22.6       20.2       19.0       20.4       19.3
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................       33.8       34.5       34.2       33.7       31.0       28.3       27.4       26.1
      Supplemental Security Income..............................       22.5       25.6       25.0       24.1       26.1       26.6       26.9       28.9
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       16.7       17.2       17.5       16.7       16.1       16.9       18.3       19.2
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................        9.4       11.4       15.6       19.2       21.4       22.5       24.5       24.3
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....        2.8        3.1        3.3        3.7        4.0        4.3        4.5        5.1
      Offsetting receipts.......................................       -0.8       -0.8       -0.9       -1.2       -1.6       -2.3       -2.2       -2.4
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................        0.2        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.1        0.5        0.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................      190.1      189.4      188.3      191.7      191.4      190.4      193.1      197.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................      321.7      330.9      340.2      347.1      354.7      363.9      369.2      378.3
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       18.9       20.5       19.4       18.2       20.0       20.7       21.2       23.2
      Other.....................................................        2.2        1.3        1.5        1.2        0.3        1.9        1.6        1.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       21.2       21.8       20.9       19.4       20.3       22.5       22.7       24.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      765.6      786.3      817.0      836.0      857.7      871.8      878.4      902.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -1.5       -0.7       -1.6       -0.2       -1.1       -1.7       -0.6       -0.4
    International affairs.......................................       -4.8       -4.0       -3.8       -4.8       -3.7       -4.8       -4.0       -3.7
    Energy......................................................       -1.4       -1.3       -1.9       -3.1       -3.4       -2.4       -2.1       -3.7
    Agriculture.................................................       17.7       11.4        6.0        5.0        4.9        7.6       17.4       29.3
    Deposit insurance...........................................      -30.8       -8.1      -18.5       -8.4      -14.2       -4.2       -5.0       -2.8
    Universal service fund......................................        1.0        0.9        1.0        1.0        1.0        1.7        3.1        3.7
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        3.5        1.7       -3.9       -4.7       -2.8        3.0        3.9       -2.1
    Community and regional development..........................        0.8       -0.3        0.6        0.3        0.3       -0.4       -0.1       -0.7
    General government..........................................        1.7       -0.4        1.6        0.2        0.8        3.5        3.1        0.9
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................  .........  .........       -8.1       -0.3      -10.8       -7.4       -1.6       -0.1
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -42.5      -41.0      -38.8      -37.3      -38.2      -37.5      -35.7      -37.6
    All other...................................................        2.4        2.7        2.4        3.1        2.4        3.1        3.1        2.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................      -53.9      -38.9      -64.9      -49.2      -64.9      -39.5      -18.4      -14.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      711.7      747.5      752.1      786.8      792.8      832.3      860.0      887.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................      311.4      308.7      339.0      343.9      348.9      351.8      337.3      338.9
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................      -59.1      -58.9      -61.1      -60.9      -62.6      -65.0      -63.5      -64.9
    Off-budget trust funds......................................      -28.5      -30.4      -34.0      -36.5      -40.4      -45.1      -49.7      -56.0
  Other.........................................................      -12.2       -7.9       -7.2       -5.5       -6.7       -8.5       -4.9       -9.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................      211.6      211.5      236.8      241.1      239.3      233.2      219.3      208.8
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................      923.3      958.9      988.9    1,027.8    1,032.1    1,065.5    1,079.3    1,096.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 138]]


                        Table 8.6--OUTLAYS FOR MANDATORY AND RELATED PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                      Category and Program                           2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mandatory programs:
  Human resource programs:
    Education, training, employment, and social services........        2.4        6.8       11.8       10.6        7.4        7.2        7.0        6.9
    Health:
      Medicaid..................................................      117.8      132.6      143.0      157.5      166.4      178.1      188.2      200.0
      Other.....................................................        8.8        8.5       14.1       13.5       16.9       20.5       22.0       23.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total health............................................      126.6      141.2      157.1      171.0      183.3      198.7      210.2      223.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Medicare....................................................      195.3      205.5      212.5      220.7      230.4      249.4      262.1      273.7
    Income security:
      General retirement and disability.........................        4.9        4.9        5.8        5.6        5.6        5.7        5.7        5.7
      Federal employee retirement and disability................       73.6       74.9       75.9       76.5       77.9       79.1       80.2       81.2
      Unemployment compensation.................................       25.4       45.6       47.0       34.9       33.3       33.3       35.0       36.8
      Food and nutrition assistance.............................       26.8       29.9       33.1       32.7       33.1       32.9       33.0       33.3
      Supplemental Security Income..............................       25.0       28.3       28.9       29.6       32.7       30.8       28.6       31.6
      Family and Other Support Assistance.......................       22.0       22.6       22.9       22.3       21.6       21.2       21.1       20.3
      Earned Income Tax Credit..................................       23.8       25.0       26.9       27.1       27.1       27.7       27.9       28.0
      Payments to States for foster care/adoption assistance....        5.2        5.3        5.5        5.8        6.0        6.2        6.3        6.4
      Offsetting receipts.......................................       -2.2       -2.9       -4.9       -4.3       -2.8       -2.6       -2.6       -2.7
      Housing Assistance and Other..............................        1.0        4.6        5.5        6.0        8.9        9.9        9.6        9.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total income security...................................      205.6      238.1      246.9      236.2      243.4      244.3      244.8      250.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Social Security.............................................      391.1      407.0      417.6      425.4      432.4      441.3      452.5      465.3
    Veterans benefits and services:
      Income security for veterans..............................       20.5       24.0       26.0       27.1       30.1       28.8       27.2       30.0
      Other.....................................................        0.1        0.2        2.1        2.3        2.4        2.4        2.4        2.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total veterans benefits and services....................       20.6       24.2       28.1       29.4       32.5       31.2       29.6       32.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory human resources programs..............      941.6    1,022.8    1,074.0    1,093.3    1,129.4    1,172.1    1,206.2    1,251.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other mandatory programs:
    National defense............................................       -0.5       -0.3        0.5        0.6        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.3
    International affairs.......................................       -5.4       -3.3       -5.9       -2.1       -1.9       -1.9       -1.7       -1.5
    Energy......................................................       -2.6       -2.2       -2.4       -2.3       -2.0       -1.8       -2.2       -2.2
    Agriculture.................................................       19.1       14.7       13.1       12.8       15.5       15.0       13.9       12.3
    Deposit insurance...........................................       -1.3       -0.9        0.1       -0.8       -1.0       -1.5       -1.3       -1.3
    Universal service fund......................................        4.4        4.4        5.5        5.6        5.6        5.6        5.6        5.7
    Other commerce and housing credit...........................        0.8       -4.8       -4.0       -4.8       -5.7       -3.5       -3.6       -3.9
    Community and regional development..........................       -0.5       -1.0        0.1       -0.3       -0.4       -0.5       -0.5       -0.5
    General government..........................................        1.4        2.4        1.8        2.2        3.2        2.1        2.2        2.2
    Spectrum auctions and major asset sales.....................       -0.9         -*       -0.1       -0.2       -8.7       -6.4       -2.3       -2.2
    Other undistributed offsetting receipts.....................      -40.0      -39.7      -41.1      -43.2      -45.1      -47.1      -48.5      -49.6
    All other...................................................        3.9        5.8        6.7        6.8        3.4        3.7        4.5        4.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total other mandatory programs........................      -21.4      -24.9      -25.7      -25.6      -36.7      -35.9      -33.6      -36.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total mandatory programs..............................      920.2      997.9    1,048.3    1,067.7    1,092.8    1,136.2    1,172.6    1,215.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================

Net interest:
  Interest on the public debt...................................      328.6      300.1      292.6      309.5      339.9      364.0      384.3      404.3
  Interest received by:
    On-budget trust funds.......................................      -68.8      -69.0      -65.9      -66.3      -67.6      -69.5      -71.5      -73.6
    Off-budget trust funds......................................      -62.9      -69.3      -74.5      -77.9      -83.7      -90.3      -97.9     -106.3
  Other.........................................................       -8.4       -7.5       -8.4      -10.3      -12.1      -13.0      -14.1      -15.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total net interest....................................      188.4      154.3      143.9      154.9      176.5      191.1      200.7      208.9
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for mandatory and related programs................    1,108.7    1,152.2    1,192.1    1,222.6    1,269.3    1,327.3    1,373.3    1,423.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $50 million or less.



[[Page 139]]

 
                                                Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................     52,550     53,718     55,038     51,023     58,998     71,990     82,152     82,715
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................      5,507      5,246      4,603      4,705      5,063      5,348      4,871      4,081
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        497        534        766        789        858        897        930        938
    Space and other technology..................................      1,226      2,516      4,131      5,035      5,858      5,337      4,596      4,083
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............      1,723      3,051      4,897      5,824      6,716      6,234      5,525      5,021
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        654        643        686        830        744        835      1,040      1,019
  Natural resources and environment.............................      2,286      2,522      2,643      2,825      3,105      3,251      3,361      3,376
  Agriculture...................................................        369        454        492        521        596        663        761        764
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      1,342      1,364      1,177      1,634      1,850      2,243      2,103      1,038
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................         70         65         64         67         86        121        154        287
    Air transportation..........................................        737        772        801        864        890        983      1,033      1,176
    Water and other transportation..............................        617        633        620        698        671        743        826        847
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................      1,425      1,469      1,485      1,628      1,647      1,847      2,013      2,310
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................        432        527        894      1,045      1,009      1,001      1,280      1,476
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................        640        749        803      1,002      2,143      3,253      3,778      3,654
    Training, employment and social services....................        291        327        418        781      1,716      2,318      2,840      2,951
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.        931      1,075      1,221      1,784      3,858      5,571      6,618      6,605
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................      1,087      1,283      1,563      1,495      1,735      2,152      2,560      2,843
  Medicare......................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........         64        223        221        299
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................        167        182        193        219        239        257        299        362
    Other.......................................................        336        295        335        307        327        365        383        427
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................        503        476        528        526        566        623        682        789
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        318        332        373        382        437        433        561        599
  Veterans benefits and services................................      1,256      1,316      1,404      1,445      1,493      1,584      1,677      1,790
  Administration of justice.....................................        426        461        486        532        560        614        654        653
  General government............................................      1,266      1,356      1,647      1,596      1,702      1,863      1,898      1,940
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................     19,525     21,575     24,098     26,771     31,145     34,483     35,826     34,603
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................     72,075     75,294     79,136     77,793     90,143    106,473    117,978    117,318
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 140]]


                                           Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................     81,912     79,009     79,338     77,095     80,720     87,615     89,876     22,312
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................      3,964      3,770      4,581      4,830      6,197      8,155      7,459      3,315
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        947      1,009        979        961      1,017      1,036      1,032        291
    Space and other technology..................................      3,565      3,172      3,196      3,074      2,964      2,951      3,336        869
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............      4,512      4,182      4,175      4,034      3,982      3,987      4,368      1,160
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        985        887      1,092      1,075        689      1,738      2,589        725
  Natural resources and environment.............................      3,488      4,248      4,758      5,463      6,494      8,112      8,931      2,859
  Agriculture...................................................        827        884        943        968        981      1,086      1,120        282
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      2,100      2,687      1,907      1,969      2,417      2,851      2,764      1,153
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................        288        495        615        836        948      2,128      9,106      2,202
    Air transportation..........................................      1,386      2,390      2,764      2,179      2,162      2,345      2,485        569
    Water and other transportation..............................        887      1,033      1,086      1,220      1,339      1,443      1,523        417
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................      2,561      3,918      4,465      4,235      4,450      5,916     13,114      3,189
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................      2,291      2,651      3,047      3,565      3,458      3,678      4,649      1,342
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................      4,317      4,877      5,357      5,470      5,469      7,098      7,554      1,878
    Training, employment and social services....................      3,037      3,552      4,636      5,079      4,748      5,969      8,196      2,456
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.      7,354      8,429      9,993     10,549     10,217     13,067     15,751      4,334
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................      3,143      3,417      3,997      4,567      4,749      5,821      6,715      1,581
  Medicare......................................................        366        397        455        439        667        661        836        220
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................        504        766      1,156      1,651      1,824      2,127      2,504        656
    Other.......................................................        455        627        672        762      1,022      1,368      2,270        474
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................        959      1,393      1,829      2,413      2,845      3,496      4,774      1,130
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        623        742        794        914        878      1,101      1,200        304
  Veterans benefits and services................................      2,057      2,314      2,734      3,050      3,358      4,121      4,535      1,157
  Administration of justice.....................................        823      1,156      1,475      1,945      2,335      2,803      3,310        885
  General government............................................      2,292      2,447      2,961      3,284      3,773      3,755      3,587      2,106
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................     38,342     43,522     49,206     53,300     57,489     70,346     85,703     25,744
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................    120,254    122,531    128,544    130,395    138,210    157,962    175,579     48,056
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 141]]


                                           Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................     97,517    104,649    116,777    134,629    157,964    185,933    209,882    228,045
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................      8,013      8,542      9,143     12,775     13,648     12,881     13,603     16,267
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................      1,072      1,154      1,296      1,380      1,469      1,592      1,638      1,840
    Space and other technology..................................      3,658      3,766      3,937      4,450      4,992      5,593      6,290      6,469
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............      4,730      4,919      5,232      5,830      6,461      7,185      7,928      8,308
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................      3,786      5,295      6,110      6,148     10,336      8,613      6,484      7,015
  Natural resources and environment.............................     11,279     12,026     13,666     15,484     15,358     14,837     14,168     14,367
  Agriculture...................................................      1,247      1,360      1,578      1,598      1,764      1,770      1,712      1,960
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      3,455      3,369      3,801      5,080      4,272      3,582      3,512      3,675
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................      9,467      9,943     11,650     14,761     14,765     13,163     13,883     14,603
    Air transportation..........................................      2,736      3,200      3,320      3,673      3,731      3,480      3,911      4,436
    Water and other transportation..............................      1,716      1,692      1,923      2,281      2,334      2,592      2,754      2,792
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................     13,919     14,835     16,894     20,715     20,831     19,235     20,548     21,830
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................      6,058     10,845      9,247      9,437      9,058      6,677      6,087      6,316
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................      8,549      9,170     10,876     12,366     12,783     11,256     12,061     12,146
    Training, employment and social services....................      9,112     13,242     14,073     13,429     12,548      8,289      8,268      7,729
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.     17,661     22,412     24,948     25,795     25,331     19,545     20,329     19,875
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................      6,935      7,294      7,513      8,471      9,102      8,983      8,537      8,930
  Medicare......................................................        770        936        988      1,080      1,222      1,256      1,342      1,531
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................      3,007      3,679      4,304      5,480      6,861      8,064      9,449     10,048
    Other.......................................................      2,529      2,808      3,159      5,325      6,328      6,786      7,507      7,389
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................      5,535      6,487      7,462     10,805     13,190     14,849     16,956     17,437
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................      1,370      1,413      1,479      1,494      1,703      2,048      2,211      2,171
  Veterans benefits and services................................      5,243      5,857      6,234      7,165      7,605      8,179      8,957      9,594
  Administration of justice.....................................      3,616      3,790      4,146      4,550      4,725      4,673      5,055      5,620
  General government............................................      5,938      4,691      4,777      5,266      5,342      5,712      6,005      6,498
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................     99,555    114,073    123,217    141,692    149,949    140,025    143,435    151,394
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................    197,072    218,722    239,993    276,321    307,913    325,958    353,316    379,440
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 142]]


                                           Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................    253,109    273,832    282,517    290,918    304,034    300,141    319,704    302,602
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................     17,390     17,708     15,224     15,743     16,596     19,056     19,698     19,160
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................      2,022      2,213      2,244      2,409      2,629      2,816      3,135      3,546
    Space and other technology..................................      6,607      6,756      6,957      8,413     10,196     11,609     12,957     12,838
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............      8,630      8,969      9,200     10,822     12,825     14,424     16,092     16,384
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................      6,502      5,021      5,021      4,968      4,881      4,762      4,409      5,396
  Natural resources and environment.............................     15,071     15,444     15,253     16,011     17,074     17,790     18,593     20,027
  Agriculture...................................................      2,119      2,046      2,115      2,182      2,386      2,624      2,796      4,173
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      3,682      2,872      2,409      2,368      3,334      3,834      3,350      2,622
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................     17,076     17,899     16,199     17,391     16,950     17,611     18,028     18,869
    Air transportation..........................................      4,934      5,341      5,556      5,888      6,621      7,233      8,187      9,316
    Water and other transportation..............................      2,829      2,609      2,747      2,801      2,806      3,011      3,045      3,281
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................     24,839     25,849     24,502     26,079     26,377     27,855     29,260     31,465
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................      6,668      6,132      5,509      5,282      5,190      7,335      6,164      6,407
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................     13,648     14,260     14,810     15,655     17,444     18,349     20,357     22,520
    Training, employment and social services....................      8,156      8,533      8,433      8,933      9,670      9,522     10,237     11,501
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.     21,804     22,793     23,242     24,588     27,114     27,872     30,594     34,020
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................      9,602     10,231     10,653     12,151     13,055     14,863     16,164     17,966
  Medicare......................................................      1,735      1,718      1,727      1,972      2,254      2,299      2,444      2,846
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................     11,402     11,441     11,278     12,727     13,979     15,481     16,958     18,776
    Other.......................................................      7,753      7,844      7,589      7,467      7,681      8,036      8,797      9,451
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................     19,156     19,285     18,867     20,194     21,660     23,517     25,756     28,227
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................      2,191      2,209      2,280      2,533      2,147      2,127      2,250      2,417
  Veterans benefits and services................................     10,352     10,653     11,037     11,677     12,145     12,996     13,759     15,112
  Administration of justice.....................................      6,231      6,514      7,313      8,895      9,471     10,088     11,935     13,988
  General government............................................      6,712      7,249      7,331      8,054      8,272      8,990     10,361     11,018
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................    162,684    164,695    161,684    173,519    184,782    200,431    213,624    231,227
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................    415,793    438,526    444,201    464,438    488,816    500,572    533,328    533,829
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 143]]


                                           Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................    292,430    282,266    273,562    265,961    271,674    270,248    275,463    294,965
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................     21,570     20,806     20,116     18,336     18,982     18,101     19,519     21,289
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................      3,929      3,821      4,109      3,988      4,093      5,309      5,637      6,174
    Space and other technology..................................     13,092     12,363     12,593     12,693     13,056     12,866     12,446     12,427
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............     17,021     16,184     16,702     16,681     17,149     18,175     18,083     18,601
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................      5,560      6,402      6,765      5,961      4,906      3,710      3,129      2,959
  Natural resources and environment.............................     20,062     20,804     21,933     20,923     21,286     21,918     23,643     24,981
  Agriculture...................................................      4,254      4,385      4,013      4,136      4,072      4,327      4,564      4,651
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      2,099        853      2,850      1,674      1,608        492        451      4,474
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................     19,862     22,283     23,451     23,591     24,955     24,525     26,626     30,602
    Air transportation..........................................     10,049     10,146     10,020     10,135     10,138     10,594     10,720     10,571
    Water and other transportation..............................      3,332      3,563      3,566      3,307      3,302      3,132      3,212      3,574
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................     33,244     35,992     37,037     37,033     38,395     38,251     40,558     44,747
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................      8,449     10,882     10,205     10,435     10,778     10,212     11,976     11,425
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................     24,701     24,625     25,138     25,136     25,678     27,948     30,270     33,628
    Training, employment and social services....................     11,755     12,941     13,782     13,319     13,967     14,592     14,857     15,313
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.     36,456     37,565     38,920     38,455     39,645     42,540     45,127     48,941
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................     19,640     20,540     22,016     22,575     22,964     24,853     26,945     30,012
  Medicare......................................................      2,650      2,914      2,971      2,953      2,575      2,589      2,753      2,998
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................     21,397     23,804     27,438     26,660     27,693     28,686     27,645     28,788
    Other.......................................................      9,960     11,941     11,772     11,340     11,754     12,223     12,313     12,639
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................     31,357     35,745     39,210     38,000     39,447     40,909     39,958     41,427
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................      2,600      2,651      2,573      2,620      2,955      3,096      3,046      3,375
  Veterans benefits and services................................     15,823     16,720     17,432     17,607     18,608     18,501     19,374     20,753
  Administration of justice.....................................     14,653     15,039     16,181     17,630     20,163     22,256     25,145     26,999
  General government............................................     11,546     11,661     12,376     11,727     12,026     11,926     12,254     12,238
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................    246,982    259,144    271,300    266,746    275,559    281,856    296,525    319,870
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................    539,412    541,410    544,862    532,707    547,233    552,104    571,988    614,835
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 144]]


                                           Table 8.7--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                      Category and Program                           2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................    306,068    348,945    375,714    389,746    409,737    422,808    436,164    460,190
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................     22,496     26,187     27,589     28,069     28,309     29,769     31,271     32,591
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................      6,514      7,242      7,945      8,470      8,850      9,109      9,377      9,574
    Space and other technology..................................     13,236     13,473     13,609     14,276     14,882     15,569     16,014     16,606
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............     19,750     20,715     21,554     22,746     23,732     24,678     25,391     26,180
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................      2,898      2,976      3,437      3,646      3,847      3,996      3,923      4,582
  Natural resources and environment.............................     25,960     28,639     29,165     29,472     29,509     29,565     29,905     30,568
  Agriculture...................................................      5,101      5,306      5,671      5,652      5,547      5,654      5,783      5,945
  Commerce and housing credit...................................      1,472        998       -627       -749       -646       -556        632        769
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................     34,595     39,031     36,624     37,825     38,953     39,640     40,690     42,279
    Air transportation..........................................     11,617     14,147     19,429     18,257     17,527     17,512     18,039     18,350
    Water and other transportation..............................      3,903      4,131      5,223      5,322      5,729      5,891      6,045      6,212
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................     50,115     57,309     61,276     61,404     62,209     63,043     64,774     66,841
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................     12,426     14,153     18,378     17,466     16,827     14,772     14,838     15,219
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................     37,659     43,296     51,787     53,400     55,497     56,726     57,938     59,290
    Training, employment and social services....................     16,607     19,445     20,788     19,386     19,959     20,259     20,764     21,245
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.     54,266     62,741     72,575     72,786     75,456     76,985     78,702     80,535
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................     33,158     39,403     44,409     48,229     49,845     50,973     52,040     53,195
  Medicare......................................................      3,323      3,156      3,674      3,698      3,756      3,836      3,925      4,030
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................     30,067     33,046     34,159     35,433     36,764     37,780     38,407     38,262
    Other.......................................................     13,905     14,953     15,835     15,811     16,228     16,483     15,976     15,399
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................     43,972     47,999     49,994     51,244     52,992     54,263     54,383     53,661
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................      3,590      3,926      3,983      4,275      4,353      4,441      4,538      4,651
  Veterans benefits and services................................     22,399     24,108     25,163     27,903     28,523     28,868     29,388     29,966
  Administration of justice.....................................     29,361     33,153     32,972     35,640     38,189     39,131     37,869     38,756
  General government............................................     12,971     14,640     16,846     17,858     18,109     17,865     18,172     18,569
  Allowances....................................................  .........  .........       -368       -297       -293       -298       -305       -313
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................    343,258    385,409    415,691    429,042    440,264    446,985    455,229    465,745
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................    649,326    734,354    791,405    818,788    850,001    869,793    891,393    925,935
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Due to the effects of the Credit Reform Act of 1990 on the measurement and classification of Federal credit activities, the discretionary outlays
  for years prior to 1992 are not strictly comparable to those for 1992 and beyond. However, the discretionary outlays shown for 1992 are no more than
  $1 billion higher than they would have been if measured on the same (pre-credit reform) basis as the 1991 outlays.



[[Page 145]]

 
                                 Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      288.4      283.2      288.0      266.6      296.8      349.6      380.2      362.0
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       35.8       31.9       26.6       26.1       27.0       26.7       22.9       17.9
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        3.2        3.3        4.4        4.4        4.6        4.5        4.4        4.1
    Space and other technology..................................        8.0       15.3       23.9       27.9       31.3       26.7       21.6       17.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       11.2       18.6       28.3       32.3       35.9       31.2       26.0       22.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        4.3        3.9        4.0        4.6        4.0        4.2        4.9        4.5
  Natural resources and environment.............................       14.7       15.2       15.2       15.6       16.5       16.2       15.8       14.8
  Agriculture...................................................        2.3        2.7        2.8        2.8        3.1        3.3        3.6        3.3
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        8.7        8.3        6.8        9.1        9.9       11.2        9.9        4.6
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................        0.4        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.4        0.6        0.7        1.2
    Air transportation..........................................        4.7        4.6        4.6        4.7        4.7        4.9        4.9        5.2
    Water and other transportation..............................        4.0        3.8        3.6        3.9        3.6        3.7        3.9        3.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................        9.2        8.9        8.5        9.0        8.8        9.2        9.5       10.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................        2.6        3.0        4.8        5.4        5.1        4.8        5.9        6.4
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................        3.7        4.1        4.3        5.2       10.7       15.4       17.0       15.4
    Training, employment and social services....................        1.7        1.8        2.2        4.1        8.8       11.2       13.0       12.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.        5.3        5.9        6.5        9.3       19.5       26.7       30.0       28.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................        6.4        7.2        8.5        7.8        8.7       10.2       11.6       12.0
  Medicare......................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........        0.3        1.1        1.0        1.3
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................        0.7        0.8        0.8        0.9        1.0        1.1        1.2        1.4
    Other.......................................................        1.8        1.5        1.7        1.5        1.6        1.7        1.7        1.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................        2.6        2.3        2.5        2.5        2.6        2.8        2.9        3.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        2.1        2.0        2.2        2.1        2.3        2.2        2.6        2.6
  Veterans benefits and services................................        6.0        6.1        6.4        6.5        6.5        6.7        6.8        7.0
  Administration of justice.....................................        2.8        2.8        2.8        3.0        3.0        3.1        3.1        2.9
  General government............................................        8.2        8.2        9.5        8.8        9.1        9.3        8.9        8.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      122.0      127.0      135.3      144.7      162.3      168.8      165.5      149.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      410.4      410.2      423.3      411.3      459.1      518.5      545.6      511.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 146]]


                            Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      339.5      309.0      283.1      256.7      249.1      243.8      232.2       55.9
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       16.2       14.2       16.2       16.1       19.7       23.7       19.9        8.6
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        3.9        3.8        3.5        3.2        3.2        3.0        2.8        0.8
    Space and other technology..................................       14.6       11.9       11.3       10.3        9.4        8.6        8.9        2.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       18.5       15.7       14.7       13.5       12.6       11.6       11.6        3.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        4.0        3.3        3.9        3.6        2.2        5.0        6.9        1.9
  Natural resources and environment.............................       14.3       15.9       16.8       18.3       20.4       23.2       23.5        7.3
  Agriculture...................................................        3.4        3.3        3.3        3.2        3.1        3.1        3.0        0.7
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        8.6       10.1        6.7        6.6        7.7        8.3        7.4        3.0
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................        1.2        1.8        2.2        2.8        3.0        6.1       23.5        5.5
    Air transportation..........................................        5.7        9.0        9.7        7.3        6.8        6.8        6.6        1.5
    Water and other transportation..............................        3.6        3.9        3.8        4.1        4.3        4.2        4.1        1.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................       10.5       14.7       15.7       14.2       14.1       17.0       34.1        8.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................        9.2        9.8       10.7       11.9       10.7       10.3       12.0        3.4
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................       17.1       17.9       18.7       18.2       16.8       19.7       19.4        4.7
    Training, employment and social services....................       12.2       13.2       16.3       17.0       14.7       16.6       21.0        6.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.       29.3       31.1       35.0       35.2       31.5       36.3       40.5       10.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................       12.4       12.6       13.9       15.1       14.8       16.4       17.5        4.0
  Medicare......................................................        1.5        1.5        1.6        1.5        2.1        1.9        2.2        0.6
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................        1.8        2.7        3.9        5.3        5.4        5.8        6.4        1.6
    Other.......................................................        1.8        2.3        2.3        2.5        3.2        3.9        5.9        1.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................        3.6        5.0        6.2        7.9        8.6        9.6       12.3        2.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        2.6        2.8        2.8        3.1        2.8        3.2        3.2        0.8
  Veterans benefits and services................................        7.6        8.1        9.2        9.9       10.1       11.3       11.6        2.9
  Administration of justice.....................................        3.4        4.3        5.2        6.5        7.3        8.0        8.7        2.3
  General government............................................        9.4        9.2       10.4       11.0       11.9       10.9        9.5        5.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      154.5      161.8      172.4      177.5      179.6      199.8      223.9       65.5
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      493.9      470.8      455.5      434.3      428.8      443.5      456.2      121.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 147]]


                            Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      230.8      231.0      237.6      246.4      260.1      283.2      305.0      310.1
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       19.5       19.7       19.7       25.4       24.6       21.8       22.2       25.0
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        2.6        2.7        2.8        2.7        2.6        2.7        2.7        2.8
    Space and other technology..................................        8.9        8.7        8.5        8.9        9.0        9.4       10.3        9.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       11.5       11.4       11.3       11.6       11.6       12.1       12.9       12.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        9.2       12.2       13.1       12.2       18.6       14.5       10.5       10.7
  Natural resources and environment.............................       27.2       27.5       29.0       30.0       27.0       24.4       22.5       21.6
  Agriculture...................................................        3.0        3.1        3.4        3.1        3.1        2.9        2.7        2.9
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        8.4        7.8        8.2       10.1        7.7        6.0        5.7        5.6
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................       22.6       22.3       24.1       27.6       24.8       20.6       20.7       20.8
    Air transportation..........................................        6.6        7.3        7.1        7.2        6.7        5.8        6.3        6.7
    Water and other transportation..............................        4.2        3.9        4.1        4.5        4.2        4.4        4.5        4.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................       33.4       33.6       35.4       39.4       35.7       30.8       31.5       31.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................       14.5       24.5       19.2       17.8       15.5       10.5        9.2        9.1
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................       20.3       20.5       22.5       23.1       21.6       17.8       18.3       17.6
    Training, employment and social services....................       21.7       29.6       29.1       25.0       21.1       13.1       12.5       11.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.       42.0       50.1       51.5       48.1       42.7       30.9       30.8       28.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................       16.7       16.6       15.8       16.4       16.0       14.8       13.6       13.5
  Medicare......................................................        1.9        2.2        2.1        2.1        2.2        2.1        2.2        2.4
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................        7.1        8.1        8.8       10.1       11.6       12.8       14.3       14.7
    Other.......................................................        6.0        6.3        6.6       10.0       10.8       10.8       11.5       10.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................       13.1       14.4       15.4       20.1       22.3       23.6       25.8       25.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        3.3        3.3        3.2        3.0        3.1        3.5        3.6        3.3
  Veterans benefits and services................................       12.4       13.0       12.8       13.3       12.9       13.1       13.7       14.1
  Administration of justice.....................................        8.7        8.7        8.8        8.9        8.4        7.8        8.2        8.6
  General government............................................       14.3       10.7       10.2       10.4        9.5        9.5        9.7        9.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      239.1      258.6      259.1      272.0      261.0      228.3      224.9      225.7
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      469.9      489.6      496.7      518.5      521.1      511.5      529.9      535.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 148]]


                            Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      331.0      354.2      361.1      365.2      370.3      355.6      362.7      332.0
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       25.8       25.5       21.2       21.2       21.8       24.3       23.7       22.1
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        3.0        3.2        3.1        3.2        3.4        3.6        3.8        4.1
    Space and other technology..................................        9.8        9.7        9.7       11.4       13.4       14.8       15.6       14.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       12.8       12.9       12.8       14.6       16.8       18.4       19.3       18.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        9.6        7.2        7.0        6.7        6.4        6.0        5.3        6.2
  Natural resources and environment.............................       21.9       21.8       20.8       21.2       22.0       22.3       22.0       22.9
  Agriculture...................................................        3.1        2.9        2.9        2.9        3.0        3.2        3.3        4.8
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        5.5        4.1        3.4        3.2        4.4        4.9        4.0        3.0
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................       23.5       23.9       20.8       21.6       20.4       20.5       20.3       20.9
    Air transportation..........................................        7.2        7.6        7.6        7.9        8.6        9.1        9.7       10.7
    Water and other transportation..............................        4.2        3.8        3.8        3.8        3.7        3.8        3.7        3.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................       34.9       35.2       32.2       33.2       32.7       33.4       33.7       35.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................        9.3        8.3        7.2        6.7        6.4        8.8        7.1        7.2
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................       19.1       19.4       19.4       19.8       21.4       21.6       23.1       25.0
    Training, employment and social services....................       11.4       11.5       11.0       11.3       11.9       11.3       11.7       12.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.       30.5       30.9       30.4       31.1       33.3       33.0       34.8       37.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................       14.0       14.5       14.6       16.1       16.8       18.5       19.1       20.4
  Medicare......................................................        2.6        2.5        2.4        2.7        3.0        2.9        2.9        3.3
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................       16.1       15.7       15.0       16.3       17.1       18.2       19.1       20.5
    Other.......................................................       11.0       10.8       10.1        9.6        9.5        9.6       10.0       10.5
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................       27.1       26.5       25.1       25.9       26.7       27.8       29.1       31.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        3.3        3.2        3.2        3.4        2.8        2.7        2.7        2.8
  Veterans benefits and services................................       14.7       14.7       14.7       15.0       15.0       15.4       15.6       16.6
  Administration of justice.....................................        9.2        9.3       10.1       11.9       12.3       12.8       14.3       16.1
  General government............................................        9.9       10.3       10.1       10.8       10.8       11.4       12.4       12.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      234.2      229.8      218.2      226.6      234.0      245.8      249.2      261.1
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      565.2      584.0      579.3      591.9      604.3      601.4      611.9      593.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 149]]


                            Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Category and Program                           1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      315.7      298.8      283.5      266.0      266.0      261.6      261.2      271.3
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       23.7       22.2       20.8       18.3       18.7       17.4       18.4       19.5
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        4.3        4.1        4.3        4.0        4.0        5.1        5.3        5.6
    Space and other technology..................................       14.4       13.2       13.0       12.7       12.9       12.4       11.7       11.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       18.7       17.2       17.3       16.7       16.9       17.5       17.0       17.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        6.1        6.8        7.0        6.0        4.8        3.6        2.9        2.7
  Natural resources and environment.............................       22.0       22.1       22.7       20.9       21.0       21.1       22.3       22.8
  Agriculture...................................................        4.7        4.7        4.1        4.1        4.0        4.2        4.3        4.2
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        2.3        0.9        2.9        1.7        1.6        0.5        0.4        4.1
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................       21.5       23.5       24.0       23.6       24.4       23.6       25.0       27.7
    Air transportation..........................................       11.0       10.8       10.3       10.1       10.0       10.2       10.1        9.7
    Water and other transportation..............................        3.7        3.8        3.7        3.3        3.3        3.0        3.0        3.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................       36.1       38.1       38.0       37.0       37.7       36.8       38.1       40.6
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................        9.2       11.5       10.5       10.4       10.6        9.8       11.3       10.4
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................       26.6       25.9       25.7       25.1       25.2       26.9       28.6       30.7
    Training, employment and social services....................       12.7       13.7       14.1       13.3       13.7       14.0       14.0       13.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.       39.4       39.6       39.9       38.5       38.9       40.9       42.6       44.6
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................       21.4       21.7       22.7       22.6       22.6       24.0       25.5       27.6
  Medicare......................................................        2.9        3.1        3.1        3.0        2.5        2.5        2.6        2.7
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................       22.8       24.9       28.0       26.7       27.1       27.7       26.3       26.7
    Other.......................................................       10.7       12.5       12.1       11.3       11.5       11.8       11.7       11.7
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................       33.5       37.4       40.1       38.0       38.6       39.5       38.0       38.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        2.9        2.8        2.7        2.6        2.9        3.0        2.9        3.1
  Veterans benefits and services................................       16.9       17.5       17.8       17.6       18.2       17.9       18.5       19.3
  Administration of justice.....................................       16.1       16.0       16.7       17.6       19.9       21.4       23.7       24.6
  General government............................................       12.7       12.4       12.8       11.7       11.8       11.5       11.5       11.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      268.6      274.1      279.0      266.7      270.7      271.6      280.0      292.8
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      584.4      572.9      562.5      532.7      536.6      533.2      541.3      564.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 150]]


                            Table 8.8--OUTLAYS FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS IN CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1962-2008--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                      Category and Program                           2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................      276.4      308.0      326.9      334.9      347.0      353.6      360.5      374.5
Nondefense:
  International affairs.........................................       20.2       22.8       23.8       23.8       23.6       24.4       25.2       25.9
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..........................        5.9        6.3        6.9        7.2        7.4        7.5        7.6        7.6
    Space and other technology..................................       11.9       11.7       11.8       12.1       12.4       12.8       12.9       13.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology...............       17.8       18.0       18.6       19.2       19.8       20.2       20.5       20.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................        2.6        2.6        3.0        3.1        3.2        3.3        3.2        3.6
  Natural resources and environment.............................       23.2       24.9       25.1       24.8       24.5       24.1       24.0       24.1
  Agriculture...................................................        4.6        4.6        4.9        4.8        4.6        4.6        4.6        4.7
  Commerce and housing credit...................................        1.3        0.9       -0.5       -0.6       -0.5       -0.5        0.5        0.6
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation.......................................       30.3       33.9       31.1       31.4       31.6       31.5       31.6       32.1
    Air transportation..........................................       10.4       12.3       16.7       15.4       14.5       14.3       14.4       14.4
    Water and other transportation..............................        3.5        3.6        4.5        4.5        4.8        4.8        4.9        4.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation......................................       44.2       49.8       52.3       51.3       50.9       50.6       50.9       51.4
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development............................       11.0       12.3       15.6       14.5       13.7       11.8       11.6       11.6
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...................................................       33.5       38.0       44.4       44.8       45.6       45.7       45.6       45.7
    Training, employment and social services....................       14.7       16.9       17.8       16.2       16.3       16.2       16.3       16.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social services.       48.1       54.9       62.2       61.0       62.0       61.9       61.9       62.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health........................................................       29.9       34.6       38.5       40.9       41.6       41.8       41.9       42.1
  Medicare......................................................        3.0        2.7        3.2        3.1        3.1        3.1        3.2        3.2
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..........................................       27.2       29.5       29.9       30.4       30.9       31.1       30.9       30.1
    Other.......................................................       12.5       13.3       13.8       13.5       13.6       13.5       12.9       12.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.....................................       39.8       42.8       43.7       43.9       44.5       44.6       43.8       42.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...............................................        3.2        3.4        3.4        3.6        3.6        3.6        3.7        3.7
  Veterans benefits and services................................       20.4       21.7       22.1       24.1       24.1       23.9       23.8       23.7
  Administration of justice.....................................       26.3       28.9       28.5       30.1       31.7       32.0       30.5       30.6
  General government............................................       11.7       12.8       14.5       15.1       15.1       14.6       14.6       14.7
  Allowances....................................................  .........  .........       -0.3       -0.3       -0.2       -0.2       -0.2       -0.2
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense........................................      307.2      337.7      358.7      362.5      365.1      364.0      363.6      364.8
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total outlays for discretionary programs........................      583.6      645.7      685.6      697.3      712.1      717.6      724.1      739.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Due to the effects of the Credit Reform Act of 1990 on the measurement and classification of Federal credit activities, the discretionary outlays
  for years prior to 1992 are not strictly comparable to those for 1992 and beyond. However, the discretionary outlays shown for 1992 are no more than
  $1 billion higher (in nominal dollars) than they would have been if measured on the same (pre-credit reform) basis as the 1991 outlays.



[[Page 151]]

 
                                            Table 8.9--BUDGET AUTHORITY FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1976-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Program                 1976         TQ         1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense............................     97,567      23,455     110,362     117,349     126,880     144,502     180,443     217,179     244,972
Nondefense:
  International affairs.....................      8,410       1,557       9,514      11,033      13,303      12,874      17,555      14,222      16,017
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research......      1,037         244       1,129       1,270       1,344       1,456       1,527       1,525       1,628
    Space and other technology..............      3,227         850       3,498       3,807       4,223       4,790       5,108       5,683       6,517
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and            4,264       1,094       4,627       5,077       5,568       6,247       6,634       7,208       8,145
       technology...........................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy....................................      3,597         943       5,586       9,015       8,446      17,446       8,970       8,281       6,928
  Natural resources and environment.........      6,856       2,081      10,620      14,650      14,662      14,613      12,857      13,121      14,585
  Agriculture...............................      1,196         307       1,253       1,460       1,638       1,605       1,824       1,765       2,047
  Commerce and housing credit...............      3,581       1,109       4,543       4,178       4,325       6,162       4,324       3,259       3,556
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation...................      2,970       1,277       2,110       2,886       5,164       6,250       8,716       8,450       5,466
    Air transportation......................      2,270         524       2,454       2,692       3,048       3,181       3,397       3,223       3,939
    Water and other transportation..........      1,304         301       1,306       1,564       1,689       1,766       2,099       2,432       2,380
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation..................      6,545       2,102       5,869       7,141       9,900      11,197      14,212      14,105      11,785
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development........      4,166         460      12,245       9,838       8,967       9,804       7,715       6,267       7,602
  Education, training, employment and social
   services:
    Education...............................      8,835       3,317      10,508      11,030      12,607      12,660      12,420      11,697      12,338
    Training, employment and social services      9,260       1,339      16,331       7,433      15,048      12,641      12,162       7,308       8,584
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment      18,096       4,656      26,839      18,463      27,655      25,301      24,582      19,005      20,921
       and social services..................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health....................................      6,220       1,230       6,856       7,703       8,317       8,812       8,729       8,205       8,795
  Medicare..................................        775         222         836         914         985       1,078       1,207       1,221       1,369
  Income security:
    Housing assistance......................     18,621         111      28,629      32,300      24,780      27,654      26,071      13,876      10,025
    Other...................................      2,169         529       2,518       2,755       3,363       5,680       6,537       6,822       7,865
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.................     20,790         641      31,147      35,055      28,143      33,335      32,608      20,698      17,889
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...........................      1,086         279       1,181       1,292       1,365       1,451       1,635       1,905       2,120
  Veterans benefits and services............      4,931       1,216       5,612       6,249       6,756       7,043       7,583       8,479       9,526
  Administration of justice.................      3,283         855       3,611       3,860       4,219       4,370       4,374       4,709       5,322
  General government........................      6,405       2,374       6,115       6,664       4,887       5,400       5,705       5,937       6,698
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense....................    100,199      21,127     136,454     142,591     149,136     166,736     160,515     138,388     143,306
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total discretionary budget authority........    197,766      44,583     246,817     259,940     276,016     311,237     340,959     355,567     388,278
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 152]]


                                      Table 8.9--BUDGET AUTHORITY FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Program                 1984        1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense............................    265,584     294,853     289,625     287,960     292,497     300,067     303,946     332,228     299,115
Nondefense:
  International affairs.....................     25,170      24,057      20,279      18,800      18,079      18,537      20,027      21,321      20,927
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research......      1,958       2,223       2,108       2,324       2,522       2,836       3,168       3,455       4,107
    Space and other technology..............      6,858       6,925       7,165      10,198       8,322      10,001      11,359      13,046      13,199
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and            8,816       9,148       9,273      12,523      10,844      12,837      14,527      16,501      17,305
       technology...........................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy....................................      6,030       6,528       4,299       3,211       4,726       4,727       5,585       5,437       5,834
  Natural resources and environment.........     13,967      15,082      13,355      16,185      16,238      17,284      18,593      19,615      21,288
  Agriculture...............................      2,143       2,216       2,093       2,263       2,318       2,357       2,722       3,096       4,525
  Commerce and housing credit...............      3,775       4,023       2,937       2,937       2,912       3,125       3,914       2,825       3,429
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation...................      4,267       4,056       3,385       3,417       3,020       3,001       4,051       3,443       3,703
    Air transportation......................      4,316       5,063       4,565       4,685       5,209       5,792       6,609       7,332       8,104
    Water and other transportation..........      2,679       2,471       2,165       2,432       2,362       2,769       2,874       2,890       3,154
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation..................     11,262      11,591      10,115      10,534      10,590      11,563      13,533      13,665      14,962
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development........      6,611       6,232       5,766       5,657       5,451       6,063       7,313       5,895      11,389
  Education, training, employment and social
   services:
    Education...............................     13,091      15,165      14,436      16,715      17,395      18,353      19,937      22,853      24,435
    Training, employment and social services     11,867       8,808       8,151       8,827       9,324       9,508      10,091      10,953      11,912
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment      24,958      23,973      22,587      25,541      26,718      27,861      30,028      33,806      36,347
       and social services..................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health....................................      9,343      10,310      10,344      12,141      12,958      14,262      16,078      18,169      19,560
  Medicare..................................      1,553       1,656       1,719       1,724       2,206       2,276       2,361       2,566       2,860
  Income security:
    Housing assistance......................     11,398      12,613      10,748       8,564       8,648       9,009      10,785      19,596      19,696
    Other...................................      8,033       7,655       7,790       7,722       7,629       7,652       8,158       9,985      10,735
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.................     19,431      20,268      18,538      16,286      16,276      16,662      18,943      29,581      30,432
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security...........................      2,080       2,110       2,193       2,147       2,257       2,121       2,223       2,399       2,540
  Veterans benefits and services............      9,946      10,783      10,742      11,313      11,631      12,363      13,037      14,124      15,298
  Administration of justice.................      6,001       6,618       6,662       8,491       9,018       9,882      12,356      12,690      14,270
  General government........................      6,977       7,143       7,377       8,051       8,532       9,093      11,516      12,181      11,311
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense....................    158,061     161,739     148,278     157,804     160,754     171,013     192,758     213,872     232,277
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total discretionary budget authority........    423,645     456,592     437,903     445,764     453,251     471,081     496,704     546,099     531,392
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 153]]


                                      Table 8.9--BUDGET AUTHORITY FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Category and Program                       1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense........................................    276,109     262,246     262,937     265,186     266,248     272,416     288,310     300,767
Nondefense:
  International affairs.................................     33,257      20,854      20,166      18,122      18,150      18,991      41,509      23,459
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..................      4,150       4,560       4,133       4,122       4,185       5,629       6,333       6,662
    Space and other technology..........................     13,063      13,022      12,543      12,570      12,456      12,321      12,460      12,541
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology.......     17,214      17,582      16,676      16,692      16,641      17,950      18,793      19,203
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy................................................      5,832       6,381       6,230       4,893       4,212       3,077       2,863       2,706
  Natural resources and environment.....................     21,395      22,430      20,421      20,639      22,379      23,405      23,800      24,633
  Agriculture...........................................      4,297       4,423       3,969       4,206       4,225       4,346       4,503       4,725
  Commerce and housing credit...........................      2,482       1,442       3,061       2,248       1,395         446         780       5,115
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation...............................      2,575       3,883       3,067       2,453       2,899       2,051       2,340       2,011
    Air transportation..................................      8,307       8,430       5,985       7,987       8,328       8,687       9,046       9,207
    Water and other transportation......................      3,077       3,384       3,433       3,157       3,276       3,238       3,761       3,954
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation..............................     13,959      15,697      12,485      13,597      14,503      13,976      15,147      15,172
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development....................      9,659      15,399      12,094      11,712      13,119      10,371      11,127      12,210
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...........................................     25,463      26,333      26,386      23,205      28,161      31,318      30,476      31,071
    Training, employment and social services............     12,658      14,266      13,477      13,284      14,660      15,382      16,172      13,307
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social       38,122      40,599      39,863      36,489      42,821      46,700      46,648      44,378
       services.........................................
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health................................................     20,697      22,193      22,814      23,303      25,086      26,386      30,209      33,823
  Medicare..............................................      2,829       2,962       3,028       2,939       2,623       2,723       2,803       2,998
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..................................     21,117      21,088      15,302      16,410      11,661      17,449      20,377      18,077
    Other...............................................     10,871      11,978      12,200      11,347      11,032      12,309      12,376      13,491
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.............................     31,988      33,066      27,502      27,757      22,693      29,758      32,753      31,568
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security.......................................      2,640       2,828       2,325       3,135       3,451       3,195       3,144       3,195
  Veterans benefits and services........................     16,235      17,193      17,618      17,801      18,908      18,943      19,261      20,904
  Administration of justice.............................     14,613      15,201      18,381      20,746      23,008      24,965      26,667      27,245
  General government....................................     11,642      12,094      11,850      11,493      11,753      11,985      13,523      12,249
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense................................    246,861     250,342     238,483     235,772     244,967     257,217     293,530     283,583
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Total discretionary budget authority....................    522,970     512,589     501,420     500,957     511,215     529,633     581,840     584,350
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 154]]


                                      Table 8.9--BUDGET AUTHORITY FOR DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS: 1976-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                  Category and Program                       2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense........................................    331,713     360,816     382,225     399,181     419,623     439,740     459,999     480,433
Nondefense:
  International affairs.................................     24,179      25,167      25,675      28,580      29,962      31,511      32,790      33,787
  General science, space and technology:
    General science and basic research..................      7,579       8,021       8,239       8,997       9,189       9,364       9,554       9,800
    Space and other technology..........................     13,327      13,901      14,014      14,476      15,110      15,717      16,363      16,889
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total General science, space and technology.......     20,906      21,922      22,253      23,473      24,299      25,081      25,917      26,689
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy................................................      3,184       3,248       3,339       3,564       3,984       3,920       3,897       4,855
  Natural resources and environment.....................     29,054      29,614      27,571      27,993      28,478      29,065      29,696      30,451
  Agriculture...........................................      5,161       5,688       5,151       5,372       5,595       5,708       5,833       5,982
  Commerce and housing credit...........................      1,425         625        -890        -979        -620        -476         723         936
  Transportation:
    Ground transportation...............................      4,928       4,810       2,302       2,528       2,574       2,627       2,684       2,752
    Air transportation..................................     10,922      14,114      13,995      13,941      14,119      14,398      14,687      15,019
    Water and other transportation......................      3,815       4,513       5,210       5,809       5,914       5,993       6,123       6,277
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Transportation..............................     19,665      23,437      21,507      22,278      22,607      23,018      23,494      24,048
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development....................     14,352      22,761      15,073      13,893      14,181      14,482      14,804      15,266
  Education, training, employment and social services:
    Education...........................................     42,134      51,514      52,338      55,394      56,415      57,588      58,875      60,382
    Training, employment and social services............     19,169      19,761      19,956      19,847      20,221      20,634      21,092      21,626
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Education, training, employment and social       61,303      71,275      72,294      75,241      76,636      78,222      79,967      82,008
       services.........................................
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health................................................     38,891      45,790      48,532      49,620      50,658      51,786      52,930      54,274
  Medicare..............................................      3,323       3,805       3,658       3,733       3,807       3,886       3,977       4,085
  Income security:
    Housing assistance..................................     25,100      26,945      29,363      30,119      30,687      31,313      32,008      32,818
    Other...............................................     14,638      15,759      15,586      16,075      16,369      16,699      16,202      15,644
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total Income security.............................     39,738      42,704      44,949      46,194      47,056      48,012      48,210      48,462
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social security.......................................      3,430       3,523       3,858       4,282       4,363       4,450       4,549       4,665
  Veterans benefits and services........................     22,459      24,043      25,457      28,163      28,627      29,069      29,542      30,122
  Administration of justice.............................     30,558      34,676      32,443      34,148      36,342      37,162      38,041      39,065
  General government....................................     14,491      15,602      16,329      17,771      18,188      17,960      18,353      18,820
  Allowances............................................  ..........  ..........       -400        -288        -293        -299        -306        -314
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total nondefense................................    332,119     373,880     366,799     383,038     393,870     402,557     412,417     423,201
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Total discretionary budget authority....................    663,832     734,696     749,024     782,219     813,493     842,297     872,416     903,634
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Due to the effects of the Credit Reform Act of 1990 on the measurement and classification of Federal credit activities, the discretionary budget
  authority for these programs for years prior to 1992 is not strictly comparable to that for 1992 and beyond. Due to the effects of the Budget
  Enforcement Act of 1990 and subsequent comparable redefinitions on the measurement and classification as budget authority of the obligation
  limitations of certain special and trust funds, the discretionary budget authority for these programs for years prior to 1990 is not strictly
  comparable to that for 1990 and beyond.



[[Page 155]]

 
                Table 9.1--TOTAL INVESTMENT OUTLAYS FOR PHYSICAL CAPITAL, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    In Millions of Dollars       In Billions of Constant (FY     As Percentages of Total        As Percentages of GDP
                               --------------------------------         1996) Dollars                    Outlays           -----------------------------
          Fiscal Year                                          ------------------------------------------------------------
                                  Total    Defense  Nondefense   Total   Defense  Nondefense   Total   Defense  Nondefense   Total   Defense  Nondefense
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962..........................    34,495    24,891      9,604     130.9     87.5       43.4      32.3     23.3        9.0       6.1      4.4        1.7
1963..........................    38,425    26,571     11,854     143.1     90.8       52.4      34.5     23.9       10.6       6.4      4.4        2.0
1964..........................    40,784    25,857     14,927     153.4     88.9       64.4      34.4     21.8       12.6       6.4      4.0        2.3

1965..........................    38,062    21,327     16,735     144.8     73.4       71.4      32.2     18.0       14.2       5.5      3.1        2.4
1966..........................    43,440    23,959     19,481     162.9     80.5       82.4      32.3     17.8       14.5       5.8      3.2        2.6
1967..........................    51,135    29,455     21,680     186.0     95.9       90.1      32.5     18.7       13.8       6.3      3.6        2.7
1968..........................    57,109    33,992     23,117     199.2    106.1       93.1      32.1     19.1       13.0       6.6      3.9        2.7
1969..........................    57,565    34,565     23,000     191.3    102.9       88.4      31.3     18.8       12.5       6.1      3.6        2.4

1970..........................    56,466    31,625     24,841     180.0     90.1       89.9      28.9     16.2       12.7       5.6      3.1        2.5
1971..........................    56,724    28,823     27,901     172.4     78.3       94.1      27.0     13.7       13.3       5.2      2.7        2.6
1972..........................    58,467    27,955     30,512     170.8     73.5       97.3      25.3     12.1       13.2       4.9      2.4        2.6
1973..........................    59,158    26,794     32,364     166.6     68.2       98.3      24.1     10.9       13.2       4.5      2.0        2.5
1974..........................    61,076    26,830     34,246     160.9     64.8       96.0      22.7     10.0       12.7       4.2      1.9        2.4

1975..........................    69,407    28,421     40,986     165.4     63.0      102.4      20.9      8.6       12.3       4.4      1.8        2.6
1976..........................    76,469    29,126     47,343     170.9     60.4      110.5      20.6      7.8       12.7       4.4      1.7        2.7
TQ............................    19,405     6,929     12,476      41.9     13.8       28.1      20.2      7.2       13.0       4.3      1.5        2.7
1977..........................    82,789    32,499     50,290     171.0     62.2      108.8      20.2      7.9       12.3       4.2      1.6        2.6
1978..........................    92,598    35,328     57,270     180.1     63.2      116.9      20.2      7.7       12.5       4.2      1.6        2.6
1979..........................   105,873    40,874     64,999     190.0     67.2      122.9      21.0      8.1       12.9       4.2      1.6        2.6

1980..........................   118,943    47,185     71,758     195.7     71.9      123.7      20.1      8.0       12.1       4.4      1.7        2.6
1981..........................   132,141    56,079     76,061     197.3     78.3      119.1      19.5      8.3       11.2       4.3      1.8        2.5
1982..........................   135,565    67,805     67,760     186.0     87.5       98.5      18.2      9.1        9.1       4.2      2.1        2.1
1983..........................   146,848    81,568     65,280     191.6     99.9       91.7      18.2     10.1        8.1       4.3      2.4        1.9
1984..........................   165,006    94,052     70,954     207.3    111.0       96.3      19.4     11.0        8.3       4.3      2.4        1.8

1985..........................   186,631   108,394     78,236     229.3    126.0      103.3      19.7     11.5        8.3       4.5      2.6        1.9
1986..........................   200,206   120,428     79,777     244.6    141.7      102.9      20.2     12.2        8.1       4.5      2.7        1.8
1987..........................   204,295   126,749     77,546     246.9    150.1       96.8      20.3     12.6        7.7       4.4      2.7        1.7
1988..........................   208,400   123,858     84,542     249.1    146.6      102.5      19.6     11.6        7.9       4.2      2.5        1.7
1989 \1\......................   220,895   131,033     89,862     258.0    151.6      106.3      19.3     11.5        7.9       4.1      2.4        1.7

1990 \1\......................   227,704   130,960     96,744     259.1    148.0      111.0      18.2     10.5        7.7       4.0      2.3        1.7
1991 \1\......................   231,246   127,319    103,926     254.8    139.4      115.4      17.5      9.6        7.8       3.9      2.1        1.8
1992 \1\......................   233,833   120,836    112,997     253.6    130.2      123.4      16.9      8.7        8.2       3.8      1.9        1.8
1993 \1\......................   236,715   116,636    120,078     251.5    123.1      128.4      16.8      8.3        8.5       3.6      1.8        1.8
1994 \1\......................   223,194   104,815    118,379     232.2    108.4      123.9      15.3      7.2        8.1       3.2      1.5        1.7

1995 \1\......................   233,180    97,583    135,597     237.4     99.0      138.3      15.4      6.4        8.9       3.2      1.3        1.9
1996 \1\......................   228,043    94,414    133,629     228.0     94.4      133.6      14.6      6.1        8.6       3.0      1.2        1.7
1997 \1\......................   228,756    92,587    136,169     227.0     92.6      134.4      14.3      5.8        8.5       2.8      1.1        1.7
1998 \1\......................   228,042    93,699    134,343     224.6     93.8      130.8      13.8      5.7        8.1       2.6      1.1        1.6
1999 \1\......................   239,069    94,162    144,907     233.2     93.9      139.3      14.0      5.5        8.5       2.6      1.0        1.6

2000 \1\......................   253,572    97,114    156,458     242.6     95.8      146.7      14.2      5.4        8.7       2.6      1.0        1.6
2001 \1\......................   283,619   105,193    178,426     266.3    103.0      163.2      15.2      5.6        9.6       2.8      1.0        1.8
2002 \1\......................   312,476   116,588    195,888     291.2    114.3      176.9      15.5      5.8        9.7       3.0      1.1        1.9
2003 estimate \1\.............   342,118   127,026    215,092     313.2    122.4      190.9      16.0      5.9       10.0       3.2      1.2        2.0
2004 estimate \1\.............   355,460   137,986    217,474     320.1    130.8      189.2      15.9      6.2        9.8       3.1      1.2        1.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes off-budget Postal Service investments. See footnotes in tables 9.2, 9.5 and 9.7 for details.



[[Page 156]]

 
                    Table 9.2--MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT OUTLAYS IN CURRENT AND CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1940-2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               In Millions of Current Dollars               In Billions of Constant (FY 1996) Dollars
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Direct Federal                                    Direct Federal
                     Fiscal Year                               ------------------------------                    ------------------------------
                                                        Total             National    Non-     Grants     Total             National    Non-     Grants
                                                                  Total    Defense   defense                        Total    Defense   defense
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940................................................     3,297     2,855       850     2,005       442      18.9      14.1       4.9       9.2       4.9
1941................................................     6,356     6,066     4,300     1,766       290      34.2      31.2      23.4       7.8       3.0
1942................................................    21,486    21,264    19,900     1,364       222     113.3     111.2     105.6       5.6       2.0
1943................................................    55,539    55,321    54,700       621       218     302.7     300.8     298.3       2.6       1.8
1944................................................    60,000    59,817    59,600       217       183     339.4     337.8     336.9       0.9       1.5

1945................................................    56,674    56,520    56,300       220       154     344.5     343.2     342.2       0.9       1.3
1946................................................    20,680    20,538    20,100       438       142     122.6     121.5     119.4       2.1       1.1
1947................................................     4,693     4,094     3,483       611       599      25.8      21.6      18.4       3.2       4.2
1948................................................     3,919     3,479     2,704       775       440      18.9      16.2      12.7       3.5       2.7
1949................................................     3,847     3,385     2,345     1,040       462      17.5      14.9      10.4       4.5       2.6

1950................................................     3,873     3,389     2,052     1,337       484      18.4      15.4       9.2       6.3       2.9
1951................................................     7,400     6,834     5,486     1,348       566      31.7      28.6      22.6       6.0       3.2
1952................................................    16,224    15,649    14,197     1,452       575      65.1      62.1      56.0       6.1       3.0
1953................................................    22,958    22,202    20,594     1,608       756      91.1      87.2      80.8       6.4       3.8
1954................................................    21,442    20,698    19,303     1,395       744      85.7      81.8      76.1       5.6       3.9

1955................................................    18,004    17,184    16,094     1,090       820      70.0      65.7      61.1       4.5       4.4
1956................................................    17,387    16,472    15,556       916       915      64.1      59.5      55.8       3.7       4.6
1957................................................    19,613    18,465    17,324     1,141     1,148      68.0      62.6      58.3       4.3       5.3
1958................................................    20,770    18,982    17,639     1,343     1,788      70.7      62.3      57.4       4.9       8.4
1959................................................    22,899    19,943    18,329     1,614     2,956      78.4      64.6      58.7       5.9      13.8

1960................................................    22,405    19,084    17,157     1,927     3,321      77.7      61.9      54.9       7.0      15.8
1961................................................    21,860    18,807    16,791     2,016     3,053      75.4      60.8      53.6       7.2      14.5
1962................................................    23,352    20,113    17,785     2,328     3,239      79.7      64.4      56.2       8.2      15.3
1963................................................    25,548    21,948    19,399     2,549     3,600      85.0      68.4      59.5       8.9      16.7
1964................................................    25,381    20,899    17,970     2,929     4,482      85.3      64.8      55.0       9.8      20.5

1965................................................    22,263    17,278    14,231     3,047     4,985      75.9      53.5      43.4      10.1      22.4
1966................................................    25,028    20,116    16,851     3,265     4,912      83.4      62.0      51.1      10.9      21.4
1967................................................    29,647    24,416    21,377     3,039     5,231      95.2      73.3      63.5       9.8      21.9
1968................................................    34,200    28,304    25,437     2,867     5,896     105.6      81.8      73.0       8.8      23.8
1969................................................    34,952    28,787    26,235     2,552     6,165     103.2      79.5      72.1       7.5      23.7

1970................................................    33,186    26,130    23,588     2,542     7,056      94.0      68.8      61.9       6.9      25.2
1971................................................    31,534    23,662    20,701     2,961     7,872      84.4      58.6      51.2       7.4      25.8
1972................................................    31,084    22,667    19,094     3,573     8,417      79.7      53.7      45.2       8.5      26.0
1973................................................    30,183    21,318    17,624     3,694     8,865      74.5      48.6      40.2       8.4      25.9
1974................................................    31,180    21,335    17,385     3,950     9,845      72.1      46.3      37.9       8.4      25.8

1975................................................    34,374    23,494    18,665     4,829    10,880      70.8      46.8      37.8       9.0      23.9
1976................................................    37,981    24,464    19,247     5,217    13,517      74.2      45.7      36.6       9.1      28.6
TQ..................................................     9,782     5,846     4,465     1,381     3,936      18.6      10.4       8.0       2.3       8.2
1977................................................    43,484    27,320    21,556     5,764    16,164      79.9      47.1      37.6       9.5      32.9
1978................................................    48,292    29,964    23,227     6,737    18,328      83.7      48.3      37.7      10.6      35.4
1979................................................    57,260    36,621    28,689     7,932    20,639      92.1      55.3      43.5      11.8      36.8

1980................................................    63,112    40,542    32,486     8,056    22,570      92.7      56.6      45.7      11.0      36.1
1981................................................    70,104    47,881    39,101     8,780    22,222      93.4      61.6      50.6      11.0      31.8
1982................................................    77,012    56,504    47,960     8,544    20,508      94.6      67.3      57.3      10.0      27.3
1983................................................    87,921    67,408    59,221     8,187    20,513     103.4      76.8      67.3       9.5      26.7
1984................................................   100,916    78,223    68,229     9,994    22,693     115.6      86.2      74.7      11.5      29.4

1985................................................   114,873    89,973    77,956    12,017    24,901     130.1      98.3      84.6      13.7      31.8
1986................................................   122,465    96,197    84,663    11,534    26,268     140.0     107.3      94.2      13.1      32.7
1987................................................   126,368   102,519    89,526    12,993    23,849     145.2     116.5     102.0      14.5      28.7
1988................................................   125,495   100,607    85,698    14,909    24,888     144.3     115.2      98.8      16.3      29.2
1989 \1\............................................   130,100   104,805    90,490    14,315    25,296     147.0     118.1     102.8      15.3      29.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 157]]


               Table 9.2--MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT OUTLAYS IN CURRENT AND CONSTANT (FY 1996) DOLLARS: 1940-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               In Millions of Current Dollars               In Billions of Constant (FY 1996) Dollars
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Direct Federal                                    Direct Federal
                     Fiscal Year                               ------------------------------                    ------------------------------
                                                        Total             National    Non-     Grants     Total             National    Non-     Grants
                                                                  Total    Defense   defense                        Total    Defense   defense
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990 \1\............................................   132,330   105,145    89,700    15,445    27,185     146.6     116.3     100.1      16.2      30.3
1991 \1\............................................   134,421   106,184    89,222    16,962    28,237     145.0     114.2      96.7      17.4      30.9
1992 \1\............................................   131,927   102,629    82,359    20,271    29,297     141.1     109.2      88.3      20.9      31.9
1993 \1\............................................   126,412    95,242    76,141    19,101    31,170     133.1      99.6      80.0      19.6      33.4
1994 \1\............................................   119,165    83,892    66,730    17,161    35,274     123.2      86.1      68.7      17.5      37.1

1995 \1\............................................   118,918    79,339    59,865    19,474    39,579     120.4      80.1      60.6      19.5      40.4
1996 \1\............................................   116,045    75,690    54,961    20,729    40,355     116.0      75.7      55.0      20.7      40.4
1997 \1\............................................   113,635    72,150    52,403    19,747    41,485     114.0      73.1      53.1      20.0      40.9
1998 \1\............................................   109,774    68,669    53,545    15,124    41,105     110.5      70.4      55.0      15.5      40.0
1999 \1\............................................   118,643    74,705    53,880    20,825    43,938     118.9      76.7      55.4      21.3      42.1

2000 \1\............................................   130,199    81,544    56,056    25,488    48,655     128.4      83.1      57.4      25.7      45.4
2001 \1\............................................   142,207    88,804    61,039    27,765    53,403     138.9      90.3      62.7      27.5      48.5
2002 \1\............................................   156,530    97,869    68,342    29,527    58,661     152.7     100.0      70.7      29.3      52.7
2003 estimate \1\...................................   160,457   101,228    69,957    31,271    59,229     154.2     102.1      71.5      30.6      52.1
2004 estimate \1\...................................   163,652   105,021    75,086    29,935    58,631     155.0     104.5      75.6      28.9      50.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes off-budget Postal Service investments of the following amounts:
  In millions of current dollars: 1989: 900; 1990: 1,317; 1991: 1,362; 1992: 1,842; 1993: 1,193; 1994: 963; 1995: 1,386; 1996: 2,125; 1997: 2,166; 1998:
  1,892; 1999: 2,142; 2000: 2,092; 2001: 1,714; 2002: 1,016; 2003: 1,086; 2004: 1,478.
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars: 1989: 1.0; 1990: 1.4; 1991: 1.4; 1992: 1.9; 1993: 1.2; 1994: 1.0; 1995: 1.4; 1996: 2.1; 1997: 2.2; 1998:
  1.9; 1999: 2.2; 2000: 2.1; 2001: 1.7; 2002: 1.0; 2003: 1.1; 2004: 1.4.



[[Page 158]]

 
                               Table 9.3--MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT OUTLAYS IN PERCENTAGE TERMS: 1940-2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     As Percentages of Total Outlays                    As Percentages of GDP
                                                             -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                             Direct Federal                                Direct Federal
                         Fiscal Year                                  ----------------------------                  ----------------------------
                                                               Total            National    Non-    Grants   Total            National    Non-    Grants
                                                                        Total    Defense  defense                     Total    Defense  defense
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940........................................................    34.8     30.2       9.0     21.2      4.7      3.4      3.0       0.9      2.1      0.5
1941........................................................    46.6     44.4      31.5     12.9      2.1      5.6      5.3       3.8      1.5      0.3
1942........................................................    61.1     60.5      56.6      3.9      0.6     14.9     14.7      13.8      0.9      0.2
1943........................................................    70.7     70.4      69.6      0.8      0.3     30.8     30.7      30.4      0.3      0.1
1944........................................................    65.7     65.5      65.3      0.2      0.2     28.7     28.6      28.5      0.1      0.1

1945........................................................    61.1     61.0      60.7      0.2      0.2     25.6     25.5      25.4      0.1      0.1
1946........................................................    37.4     37.2      36.4      0.8      0.3      9.3      9.2       9.0      0.2      0.1
1947........................................................    13.6     11.9      10.1      1.8      1.7      2.0      1.7       1.5      0.3      0.3
1948........................................................    13.2     11.7       9.1      2.6      1.5      1.5      1.4       1.1      0.3      0.2
1949........................................................     9.9      8.7       6.0      2.7      1.2      1.4      1.2       0.9      0.4      0.2

1950........................................................     9.1      8.0       4.8      3.1      1.1      1.4      1.2       0.8      0.5      0.2
1951........................................................    16.3     15.0      12.1      3.0      1.2      2.3      2.1       1.7      0.4      0.2
1952........................................................    24.0     23.1      21.0      2.1      0.8      4.7      4.5       4.1      0.4      0.2
1953........................................................    30.2     29.2      27.1      2.1      1.0      6.1      5.9       5.5      0.4      0.2
1954........................................................    30.3     29.2      27.2      2.0      1.1      5.7      5.5       5.1      0.4      0.2

1955........................................................    26.3     25.1      23.5      1.6      1.2      4.6      4.3       4.1      0.3      0.2
1956........................................................    24.6     23.3      22.0      1.3      1.3      4.1      3.9       3.6      0.2      0.2
1957........................................................    25.6     24.1      22.6      1.5      1.5      4.4      4.1       3.8      0.3      0.3
1958........................................................    25.2     23.0      21.4      1.6      2.2      4.5      4.1       3.8      0.3      0.4
1959........................................................    24.9     21.7      19.9      1.8      3.2      4.7      4.1       3.7      0.3      0.6

1960........................................................    24.3     20.7      18.6      2.1      3.6      4.3      3.7       3.3      0.4      0.6
1961........................................................    22.4     19.2      17.2      2.1      3.1      4.1      3.5       3.2      0.4      0.6
1962........................................................    21.9     18.8      16.6      2.2      3.0      4.1      3.5       3.1      0.4      0.6
1963........................................................    23.0     19.7      17.4      2.3      3.2      4.3      3.7       3.2      0.4      0.6
1964........................................................    21.4     17.6      15.2      2.5      3.8      4.0      3.3       2.8      0.5      0.7

1965........................................................    18.8     14.6      12.0      2.6      4.2      3.2      2.5       2.1      0.4      0.7
1966........................................................    18.6     15.0      12.5      2.4      3.7      3.3      2.7       2.2      0.4      0.7
1967........................................................    18.8     15.5      13.6      1.9      3.3      3.6      3.0       2.6      0.4      0.6
1968........................................................    19.2     15.9      14.3      1.6      3.3      3.9      3.3       2.9      0.3      0.7
1969........................................................    19.0     15.7      14.3      1.4      3.4      3.7      3.0       2.8      0.3      0.6

1970........................................................    17.0     13.4      12.1      1.3      3.6      3.3      2.6       2.3      0.3      0.7
1971........................................................    15.0     11.3       9.8      1.4      3.7      2.9      2.2       1.9      0.3      0.7
1972........................................................    13.5      9.8       8.3      1.5      3.6      2.6      1.9       1.6      0.3      0.7
1973........................................................    12.3      8.7       7.2      1.5      3.6      2.3      1.6       1.3      0.3      0.7
1974........................................................    11.6      7.9       6.5      1.5      3.7      2.2      1.5       1.2      0.3      0.7

1975........................................................    10.3      7.1       5.6      1.5      3.3      2.2      1.5       1.2      0.3      0.7
1976........................................................    10.2      6.6       5.2      1.4      3.6      2.2      1.4       1.1      0.3      0.8
TQ..........................................................    10.2      6.1       4.7      1.4      4.1      2.2      1.3       1.0      0.3      0.9
1977........................................................    10.6      6.7       5.3      1.4      3.9      2.2      1.4       1.1      0.3      0.8
1978........................................................    10.5      6.5       5.1      1.5      4.0      2.2      1.4       1.0      0.3      0.8
1979........................................................    11.4      7.3       5.7      1.6      4.1      2.3      1.5       1.1      0.3      0.8

1980........................................................    10.7      6.9       5.5      1.4      3.8      2.3      1.5       1.2      0.3      0.8
1981........................................................    10.3      7.1       5.8      1.3      3.3      2.3      1.6       1.3      0.3      0.7
1982........................................................    10.3      7.6       6.4      1.1      2.8      2.4      1.8       1.5      0.3      0.6
1983........................................................    10.9      8.3       7.3      1.0      2.5      2.6      2.0       1.7      0.2      0.6
1984........................................................    11.8      9.2       8.0      1.2      2.7      2.6      2.0       1.8      0.3      0.6

1985........................................................    12.1      9.5       8.2      1.3      2.6      2.8      2.2       1.9      0.3      0.6
1986........................................................    12.4      9.7       8.5      1.2      2.7      2.8      2.2       1.9      0.3      0.6
1987........................................................    12.6     10.2       8.9      1.3      2.4      2.7      2.2       1.9      0.3      0.5
1988........................................................    11.8      9.5       8.1      1.4      2.3      2.5      2.0       1.7      0.3      0.5
1989 \1\....................................................    11.4      9.2       7.9      1.3      2.2      2.4      1.9       1.7      0.3      0.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 159]]


                          Table 9.3--MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT OUTLAYS IN PERCENTAGE TERMS: 1940-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     As Percentages of Total Outlays                    As Percentages of GDP
                                                             -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                             Direct Federal                                Direct Federal
                         Fiscal Year                                  ----------------------------                  ----------------------------
                                                               Total            National    Non-    Grants   Total            National    Non-    Grants
                                                                        Total    Defense  defense                     Total    Defense  defense
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990 \1\....................................................    10.6      8.4       7.2      1.2      2.2      2.3      1.8       1.6      0.3      0.5
1991 \1\....................................................    10.1      8.0       6.7      1.3      2.1      2.3      1.8       1.5      0.3      0.5
1992 \1\....................................................     9.5      7.4       6.0      1.5      2.1      2.1      1.7       1.3      0.3      0.5
1993 \1\....................................................     9.0      6.8       5.4      1.4      2.2      1.9      1.5       1.2      0.3      0.5
1994 \1\....................................................     8.2      5.7       4.6      1.2      2.4      1.7      1.2       1.0      0.2      0.5

1995 \1\....................................................     7.8      5.2       3.9      1.3      2.6      1.6      1.1       0.8      0.3      0.5
1996 \1\....................................................     7.4      4.9       3.5      1.3      2.6      1.5      1.0       0.7      0.3      0.5
1997 \1\....................................................     7.1      4.5       3.3      1.2      2.6      1.4      0.9       0.6      0.2      0.5
1998 \1\....................................................     6.6      4.2       3.2      0.9      2.5      1.3      0.8       0.6      0.2      0.5
1999 \1\....................................................     7.0      4.4       3.2      1.2      2.6      1.3      0.8       0.6      0.2      0.5

2000 \1\....................................................     7.3      4.6       3.1      1.4      2.7      1.3      0.8       0.6      0.3      0.5
2001 \1\....................................................     7.6      4.8       3.3      1.5      2.9      1.4      0.9       0.6      0.3      0.5
2002 \1\....................................................     7.8      4.9       3.4      1.5      2.9      1.5      0.9       0.7      0.3      0.6
2003 estimate \1\...........................................     7.5      4.7       3.3      1.5      2.8      1.5      0.9       0.7      0.3      0.6
2004 estimate \1\...........................................     7.3      4.7       3.4      1.3      2.6      1.4      0.9       0.7      0.3      0.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes off-budget Postal Service investments.



[[Page 160]]

 
                           Table 9.4--NATIONAL DEFENSE OUTLAYS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC DIRECT PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1940-2004
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        Department of Defense--Military               Atomic Energy and Other Defense
                                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                               Construction
                   Fiscal year                        Total                                                                         and
                                                                  Total    Procurement    Military      Family       Total    Rehabilitation     Major
                                                                                        Construction    Housing                 of Physical    Equipment
                                                                                                                                  Assets
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940.............................................         850         850          N/A          N/A   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1941.............................................       4,300       4,300        2,100        2,200   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1942.............................................      19,900      19,900       12,300        7,600   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1943.............................................      54,700      54,700       42,000       12,700   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1944.............................................      59,600      59,600       55,000        4,600   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........

1945.............................................      56,300      56,300       53,800        2,500   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1946.............................................      20,100      20,100       19,100        1,000   ..........  ..........  ..............  ..........
1947.............................................       3,483       3,432        3,000          432   ..........          51            51    ..........
1948.............................................       2,704       2,395        2,000          395   ..........         309           209           100
1949.............................................       2,345       1,874        1,723          151   ..........         471           312           159

1950.............................................       2,052       1,650        1,500          150   ..........         402           240           162
1951.............................................       5,486       4,741        4,300          441   ..........         745           479           266
1952.............................................      14,197      12,751       11,000        1,751   ..........       1,446         1,071           375
1953.............................................      20,594      19,057       17,144        1,913   ..........       1,537         1,054           483
1954.............................................      19,303      17,701       15,957        1,744   ..........       1,602         1,069           533

1955.............................................      16,094      14,553       12,838        1,715   ..........       1,541           771           770
1956.............................................      15,556      14,313       12,227        2,079            7       1,243           217         1,026
1957.............................................      17,324      15,831       13,488        1,968          375       1,493           233         1,260
1958.............................................      17,639      16,002       14,083        1,753          166       1,637           182         1,455
1959.............................................      18,329      16,605       14,409        1,948          248       1,724           171         1,553

1960.............................................      17,157      15,471       13,334        1,626          511       1,686           176         1,510
1961.............................................      16,791      15,109       13,095        1,605          409       1,682           228         1,454
1962.............................................      17,785      16,238       14,532        1,347          359       1,547           203         1,344
1963.............................................      19,399      17,922       16,632        1,144          146       1,477           184         1,293
1964.............................................      17,970      16,643       15,351        1,026          266       1,327           139         1,188

1965.............................................      14,231      13,139       11,839        1,007          293       1,092           127           965
1966.............................................      16,851      15,940       14,339        1,536           65         911           109           802
1967.............................................      21,377      20,613       19,012        1,535           66         764            73           691
1968.............................................      25,437      24,625       23,283        1,281           61         812            91           721
1969.............................................      26,235      25,513       23,988        1,389          136         722           137           585

1970.............................................      23,588      22,901       21,584        1,168          149         687           153           534
1971.............................................      20,701      20,061       18,858        1,095          108         640           146           494
1972.............................................      19,094      18,389       17,131        1,108          150         705           127           578
1973.............................................      17,624      16,981       15,654        1,119          208         643           154           489
1974.............................................      17,385      16,857       15,241        1,407          209         528           124           404

1975.............................................      18,665      17,803       16,042        1,462          299         862           179           683
1976.............................................      19,247      18,295       15,964        2,019          312         952           180           772
TQ...............................................       4,465       4,206        3,766          376           64         259            45           214
1977.............................................      21,556      20,378       18,178        1,914          286       1,178           218           960
1978.............................................      23,227      22,284       19,976        1,932          376         943           274           669
1979.............................................      28,689      27,606       25,519        1,965          122       1,083           618           465

1980.............................................      32,486      31,470       29,146        2,237           87       1,016           563           453
1981.............................................      39,101      37,587       35,310        2,175          102       1,514           848           666
1982.............................................      47,960      46,190       43,234        2,782          174       1,770           880           890
1983.............................................      59,221      57,000       53,513        3,280          207       2,221         1,057         1,164
1984.............................................      68,229      65,518       61,761        3,524          233       2,712         1,323         1,389

1985.............................................      77,956      74,729       70,325        4,083          321       3,227         1,424         1,803
1986.............................................      84,663      81,635       76,500        4,792          343       3,028         1,490         1,538
1987.............................................      89,526      86,771       80,761        5,523          487       2,755         1,108         1,647
1988.............................................      85,698      83,114       77,109        5,442          563       2,584           906         1,678
1989.............................................      90,490      87,175       81,711        4,843          622       3,315           849         2,465

1990.............................................      89,700      85,890       80,858        4,425          607       3,809         1,264         2,545
1991.............................................      89,222      85,328       82,058        2,867          402       3,894         1,277         2,617
1992.............................................      82,359      78,278       74,617        3,362          298       4,081         1,424         2,657
1993.............................................      76,141      74,156       70,101        3,635          421       1,985         1,204           781
1994.............................................      66,730      65,582       61,820        3,162          600       1,148           777           371
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 161]]


                      Table 9.4--NATIONAL DEFENSE OUTLAYS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC DIRECT PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1940-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        Department of Defense--Military               Atomic Energy and Other Defense
                                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                               Construction
                   Fiscal year                        Total                                                                         and
                                                                  Total    Procurement    Military      Family       Total    Rehabilitation     Major
                                                                                        Construction    Housing                 of Physical    Equipment
                                                                                                                                  Assets
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995.............................................      59,865      59,418       54,926        3,574          918         447           245           202
1996.............................................      54,961      53,635       49,274        3,283        1,078       1,326           933           393
1997.............................................      52,403      51,677       47,595        3,070        1,012         726           511           215
1998.............................................      53,545      52,545       48,229        3,433          883       1,000           688           312
1999.............................................      53,880      52,893       48,861        3,301          731         987           771           216

2000.............................................      56,056      55,429       51,294        3,442          693         627           511           116
2001.............................................      61,039      60,358       56,145        3,522          691         681           575           106
2002.............................................      68,342      67,532       62,587        4,058          887         810           707           103
2003 estimate....................................      69,957      69,183       63,365        4,891          927         774           658           116
2004 estimate....................................      75,086      74,175       67,998        5,248          929         911           790           121
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/A: Not available.



[[Page 162]]

 
                              Table 9.5--NONDEFENSE OUTLAYS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC DIRECT PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1940-2004
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   Investments in Physical Capital
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        Construction and Rehabilitation of Physical Assets
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     Water and Power Projects
                Fiscal year                                    -------------------------------------------------------------------           Acquisition
                                              Total                                               Bonneville                                   of Major
                                                        Total                                      and Other  Tennessee   Nuclear    Other    Equipment
                                                                  Total    Corps of   Bureau of      Power      Valley      and
                                                                          Engineers  Reclamation   Marketing  Authority    Other
                                                                                                   Agencies
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940......................................     2,005     2,005       N/A        N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A  ........       N/A  ...........
1941......................................     1,766     1,766       N/A        N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A  ........       N/A  ...........
1942......................................     1,364     1,364       N/A        N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A  ........       N/A  ...........
1943......................................       621       621       N/A        N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A  ........       N/A  ...........
1944......................................       217       217       N/A        N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A  ........       N/A  ...........

1945......................................       220       220       152         68          37           5          42  ........        68  ...........
1946......................................       438       438       248        172          48           9          20  ........       190  ...........
1947......................................       611       611       408        266          93          16          33  ........       203  ...........
1948......................................       775       775       577        360         151          18          48  ........       198  ...........
1949......................................     1,040       995       732        448         212          25          47  ........       263          45

1950......................................     1,337     1,320       915        540         292          32          51  ........       405          17
1951......................................     1,348     1,317       933        514         260          38         121  ........       384          31
1952......................................     1,452     1,312       975        486         208          51         230  ........       337         140
1953......................................     1,608     1,423     1,022        561         192          57         212  ........       401         185
1954......................................     1,395     1,289       923        400         163          45         299        16       366         106

1955......................................     1,090     1,040       788        393         128          34         217        16       252          50
1956......................................       916       893       646        406         124          28          62        26       247          23
1957......................................     1,141     1,105       742        473         130          28          81        30       363          36
1958......................................     1,343     1,279       910        554         183          26         120        27       369          64
1959......................................     1,614     1,542       976        620         197          19         104        36       566          72

1960......................................     1,927     1,803     1,002        711         128          17         104        42       801         124
1961......................................     2,016     1,939     1,210        759         202          25         159        65       729          77
1962......................................     2,328     2,156     1,321        774         261          17         199        70       835         172
1963......................................     2,549     2,386     1,361        876         270          15         135        65     1,025         163
1964......................................     2,929     2,754     1,408        904         262          30         149        63     1,346         175

1965......................................     3,047     2,879     1,429        931         246          38         135        79     1,450         168
1966......................................     3,265     3,081     1,551        997         278          53         156        67     1,530         184
1967......................................     3,039     2,809     1,634      1,057         231         106         183        57     1,175         230
1968......................................     2,867     2,536     1,641        978         211         144         232        76       895         331
1969......................................     2,552     2,292     1,535        841         201         109         278       106       757         260

1970......................................     2,542     2,306     1,495        765         174         102         348       106       811         236
1971......................................     2,961     2,714     1,855        952         223         102         481        97       859         247
1972......................................     3,573     3,389     2,096      1,084         241          96         580        95     1,293         184
1973......................................     3,694     3,433     1,980      1,018         311          82         461       108     1,453         261
1974......................................     3,950     3,599     2,260      1,088         312          94         510       256     1,339         351

1975......................................     4,829     4,394     3,022      1,325         320         133         913       331     1,372         435
1976......................................     5,217     4,869     3,284      1,331         385         119       1,045       404     1,585         348
TQ........................................     1,381     1,291       881        377         155          24         247        78       410          90
1977......................................     5,764     5,396     3,796      1,442         603          30       1,204       517     1,600         368
1978......................................     6,737     6,306     4,213      1,540         500          50       1,570       553     2,093         431
1979......................................     7,932     7,236     4,814      1,684         518          18       1,813       781     2,422         696

1980......................................     8,056     7,390     4,642      1,751         559          27       1,592       713     2,749         666
1981......................................     8,780     7,735     4,891      1,634         555          59       1,912       731     2,844       1,045
1982......................................     8,544     7,238     4,368      1,611         567          75       1,700       415     2,870       1,306
1983......................................     8,187     7,369     4,632      1,419         582         100       1,361     1,171     2,736         819
1984......................................     9,994     7,374     3,899      1,429         608         233         492     1,138     3,475       2,619

1985......................................    12,017     8,410     4,620      1,307         657         186       1,479       992     3,790       3,607
1986......................................    11,534     8,219     4,251      1,180         738         262       1,327       744     3,968       3,315
1987......................................    12,993     8,803     4,584      1,305         678         248       1,619       734     4,219       4,190
1988......................................    14,909     9,540     4,801      1,608         662         266       1,529       737     4,738       5,369
1989 \1\..................................    14,315     9,101     4,384      1,712         717         199       1,086       669     4,717       5,214
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 163]]


                         Table 9.5--NONDEFENSE OUTLAYS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC DIRECT PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1940-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   Investments in Physical Capital
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        Construction and Rehabilitation of Physical Assets
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     Water and Power Projects
                Fiscal year                                    -------------------------------------------------------------------           Acquisition
                                              Total                                               Bonneville                                   of Major
                                                        Total                                      and Other  Tennessee   Nuclear    Other    Equipment
                                                                  Total    Corps of   Bureau of      Power      Valley      and
                                                                          Engineers  Reclamation   Marketing  Authority    Other
                                                                                                   Agencies
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990 \1\..................................    15,445    10,280     5,104      1,832         666         200       1,701       705     5,176       5,165
1991 \1\..................................    16,962    11,483     4,712      1,687         674         184       1,309       858     6,771       5,479
1992 \1\..................................    20,271    14,110     6,134      1,723         604         350       2,520       937     7,976       6,161
1993 \1\..................................    19,101    13,016     4,907      1,468         505         434       1,589       911     8,109       6,085
1994 \1\..................................    17,161    11,663     3,900      1,456         470         302         675       998     7,763       5,498

1995 \1\..................................    19,474    13,324     4,970      1,591         429         154       1,972       824     8,354       6,150
1996 \1\..................................    20,729    13,310     4,008      1,550         474         120       1,322       542     9,302       7,419
1997 \1\..................................    19,747    12,909     3,032      1,479         344         135         686       388     9,877       6,838
1998 \1\..................................    15,124     8,561     3,065      1,776         434         172         601        82     5,496       6,563
1999 \1\..................................    20,825    13,559     3,748      2,389         301         156         793       109     9,811       7,266

2000 \1\..................................    25,488    16,445     4,729      3,104         364         151         997       113    11,716       9,043
2001 \1\..................................    27,765    17,885     5,912      3,744         636         164       1,269        99    11,973       9,880
2002 \1\..................................    29,527    18,264     5,227      3,233         451         135       1,322        86    13,037      11,263
2003 estimate \1\.........................    31,271    18,373     4,516      2,622         628          77       1,091        98    13,857      12,898
2004 estimate \1\.........................    29,935    17,256     4,262      2,505         485          74       1,096       102    12,994      12,679
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes Postal Service off-budget amounts as follows:
  Construction and rehabilitation of physical assets: 1989: 668; 1990: 1,070; 1991: 1,277; 1992: 1,284; 1993: 677; 1994: 629; 1995: 996; 1996: 1,138;
  1997: 1,261; 1998: 1,528; 1999: 1,675; 2000: 1,500; 2001: 1,039; 2002: 365; 2003: 574; 2004: 836.
  Acquisition of major equipment: 1989: 232; 1990: 247; 1991: 85; 1992: 558; 1993: 516; 1994: 334; 1995: 390; 1996: 987; 1997: 905; 1998: 364; 1999:
  467; 2000: 592; 2001: 675; 2002: 651; 2003: 512; 2004: 642.
N/A: Not available.



[[Page 164]]

 
                          Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Category                   1941         1942         1943         1944         1945         1946         1947         1948         1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways.......................         172          152           88           48           33           44          183          327          403
    Airports.......................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........           6           30
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation.........         172          152           88           48           33           44          183          333          433
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional
   development:
    Public works acceleration/local         117           68          130          134          119           68           31            8            8
     public works..................
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional          117           68          130          134          119           68           31            8            8
       development.................
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and
   environment:
    Other..........................           1            1            1            1            1            1            1            2            3
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and             1            1            1            1            1            1            1            2            3
       environment.................
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Health.........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........           1           10
    Veterans.......................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          29          384           96            7
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense.......  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          29          384           97           17
                                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense............         290          222          218          183          154          142          599          440          462
                                    ====================================================================================================================
Total..............................         290          222          218          183          154          142          599          440          462
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1950         1951         1952         1953         1954         1955         1956         1957
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................         432          396          415          501          522          586          729          950
    Airports....................................          33           30           33           27           18            8           17           21
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................         465          426          448          528          540          594          746          971
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Urban renewal...............................  ...........  ...........  ...........           8           12           34           14           30
    Public works acceleration/local public works           1            *            4   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
    Other.......................................  ...........  ...........  ...........           5            5            6            7            4
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..           1            *            4           13           17           40           21           34
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................           1            1            1   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........           2
    Other.......................................           5            5            6            8           16           21           25           24
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...           6            6            7            8           16           21           25           26
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social   ...........          62           55          134          105          121           89           67
     services...................................
    Health......................................           9           70           61           60           52           34           24           32
    Veterans....................................           3            1   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
    Other.......................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........           9
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................          12          133          116          194          157          155          113          108
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................         484          566          575          743          730          810          905        1,139
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................  ...........  ...........  ...........          13           14           10           10            9
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................         484          566          575          756          744          820          915        1,148
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 165]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1958         1959         1960         1961         1962         1963         1964         1965
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................       1,511        2,601        2,927        2,610        2,769        3,008        3,626        3,998
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          11
    Airports....................................          43           57           57           65           58           52           65           71
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................       1,554        2,658        2,984        2,674        2,827        3,059        3,691        4,079
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Urban renewal...............................          37           77          104          144          169          199          212          281
    Public works acceleration/local public works  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          15          257          288
    Other.......................................           4            3            2            1            *            2           14           13
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..          41           80          106          145          170          217          484          582
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................          19           36           40           44           42           52           66           75
    Other.......................................          29           36           47           46           52           88           78           84
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...          49           72           88           90           94          140          144          159
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social           74           66           71           59           42           53           39           50
     services...................................
    Health......................................          50           69           64           68           72           72           64           69
    Other.......................................          13            3            3            5           18           32           38           27
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................         137          138          138          132          132          157          141          146
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................       1,780        2,948        3,316        3,042        3,223        3,572        4,460        4,966
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................           8            8            5           11           16           28           22           19
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................       1,788        2,956        3,321        3,053        3,239        3,600        4,482        4,985
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 166]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1966         1967         1968         1969         1970         1971         1972         1973
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................       3,979        3,984        4,138        4,121        4,311        4,570        4,601        4,644
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............          16           42           66          141          119          187          259          358
    Airports....................................          54           64           75          104           83           62          106          232
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................       4,049        4,090        4,279        4,366        4,514        4,818        4,966        5,235
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Urban renewal...............................         313          370          475          534        1,054        1,026        1,218        1,010
    Public works acceleration/local public works          85           19            5            2            1            *            *   ...........
    Other.......................................          22          105          294          428          570          900        1,104        1,279
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..         420          495          774          964        1,624        1,927        2,322        2,289
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................          88           99          133          161          176          478          413          684
    Other.......................................         105          121          176          145          189          169          214          230
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...         193          220          308          306          365          648          627          915
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social          119          236          297          293          257          222          146          124
     services...................................
    Health......................................          96          142          200          171          230          221          294          211
    Other.......................................          24           38           27           49           50           22           38           60
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................         239          416          524          513          537          465          478          395
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................       4,901        5,221        5,885        6,149        7,040        7,858        8,393        8,834
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................          11           10           11           16           16           14           24           31
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................       4,912        5,231        5,896        6,165        7,056        7,872        8,417        8,865
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 167]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1974         1975         1976          TQ          1977         1978         1979         1980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................       4,378        4,589        6,144        1,605        5,884        5,940        7,119        8,952
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............         503          687          946          265        1,307        1,358        2,278        2,072
    Airports....................................         243          292          269           26          335          562          556          590
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................       5,123        5,568        7,360        1,896        7,526        7,860        9,953       11,614
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Block grants................................  ...........          38          983          439        2,089        2,464        3,161        4,126
    Urban renewal...............................       1,205        1,374        1,166          295          899          392          298          206
    Public works acceleration/local public works  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........         577        3,057        1,741          416
    Other.......................................       1,180        1,082          667          159          604          628          895        1,098
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..       2,386        2,494        2,816          894        4,169        6,542        6,095        5,846
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................       1,553        1,938        2,429          920        3,530        3,187        3,756        4,343
    Other.......................................         299          338          360           97          376          410          513          556
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...       1,852        2,276        2,788        1,016        3,906        3,597        4,269        4,899
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social           74           86           44           29           66           12           27           25
     services...................................
    Health......................................         256          306          361           64          330          212          132           10
    Housing assistance..........................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........          11           18
    Other.......................................         114          111           89           28           98           80           96          102
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................         444          502          494          121          494          305          265          155
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................       9,806       10,840       13,458        3,927       16,095       18,304       20,582       22,514
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................          39           41           60            9           69           24           57           56
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................       9,845       10,880       13,517        3,936       16,164       18,328       20,639       22,570
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 168]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1981         1982         1983         1984         1985         1986         1987         1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................       8,832        7,730        8,759       10,372       12,685       13,939       12,478       13,714
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............       2,599        2,593        2,785        3,146        2,473        2,754        2,577        2,425
    Airports....................................         469          339          453          694          789          853          917          825
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................      11,900       10,662       11,997       14,212       15,947       17,547       15,971       16,965
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Block grants................................       4,042        3,792        4,005        4,273        4,314        3,787        3,322        3,266
    Urban renewal...............................         167          101           38           24           28           13   ...........  ...........
    Public works acceleration/local public works          83           40   ...........           1   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
    Other.......................................       1,301        1,239          679          598          655          731          676          780
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..       5,593        5,170        4,722        4,896        4,997        4,531        3,998        4,046
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................       3,881        3,756        2,983        2,619        2,936        3,158        2,961        2,600
    Other.......................................         616          643          572          666          666          654          606          657
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...       4,498        4,399        3,555        3,285        3,602        3,812        3,567        3,257
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social           14           37           36           42           59           51           42           55
     services...................................
    Health......................................          32           11           55   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
    Housing assistance..........................          24           28           23           19           10           25           25          294
    Other.......................................         128          170           80          193          224          204          136          162
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................         198          246          194          254          293          280          203          511
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................      22,189       20,477       20,468       22,647       24,838       26,170       23,740       24,779
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................          33           31           45           46           62           98          109          109
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................      22,222       20,508       20,513       22,693       24,901       26,268       23,849       24,888
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 169]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Category                          1989         1990         1991         1992         1993         1994         1995         1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................      13,240       13,961       14,197       15,038       16,177       18,419       19,200       19,644
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............       2,686        3,165        3,230        2,778        3,078        2,563        3,581        3,723
    Airports....................................       1,135        1,220        1,541        1,672        1,931        1,620        1,826        1,655
    Other.......................................  ...........  ...........  ...........           *            *            1            1            1
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................      17,061       18,346       18,967       19,488       21,187       22,603       24,608       25,023
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Block grants................................       2,948        2,818        2,976        3,090        3,198        3,651        4,333        4,545
    Other.......................................         946          921          760          738          526          811          989        1,183
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..       3,894        3,739        3,736        3,828        3,724        4,462        5,322        5,728
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................       2,498        2,533        2,714        2,631        2,358        2,219        2,671        2,368
    Other.......................................         600          734          761          773          816          877          999          929
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...       3,098        3,267        3,475        3,404        3,174        3,096        3,670        3,297
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social           77           58           25           48          -44           76           40          143
     services...................................
    Housing assistance..........................         788        1,408        1,701        2,132        2,929        4,855        5,762        6,007
    Other.......................................         211          213          223          172          140          167          170          141
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................       1,077        1,679        1,949        2,352        3,025        5,097        5,972        6,291
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................      25,130       27,031       28,127       29,073       31,110       35,258       39,572       40,339
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................         166          154          110          225           60           15            7           16
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................      25,296       27,185       28,237       29,297       31,170       35,274       39,579       40,355
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 170]]


                     Table 9.6--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS FOR MAJOR PUBLIC PHYSICAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT: 1941-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                    2003         2004
                    Category                          1997         1998         1999         2000         2001         2002       estimate     estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nondefense:
  Transportation:
    Highways....................................      20,498       20,036       22,722       24,909       27,206       30,115       28,438       28,582
    Urban mass transportation \2\ ..............       4,079        3,945        4,067        5,118        6,795        7,384        6,859        7,107
    Airports....................................       1,489        1,511        1,565        1,578        2,020        2,860        3,244        3,299
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total transportation......................      26,066       25,492       28,354       31,605       36,021       40,359       38,541       38,988
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Community and regional development:
    Block grants................................       4,517        4,621        4,804        4,955        4,939        5,429        6,650        6,129
    Other.......................................       1,235        1,068        1,027        1,084        1,330        1,287        1,366        1,303
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total community and regional development..       5,752        5,689        5,831        6,039        6,269        6,716        8,016        7,432
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Natural resources and environment:
    Pollution control facilities................       2,319        2,084        2,180        2,700        2,720        2,538        2,891        2,409
    Other.......................................         985          832          922          921          988          974        1,095        1,174
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total natural resources and environment...       3,304        2,916        3,102        3,621        3,708        3,512        3,986        3,583
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other nondefense:
    Education, training, employment, and social           73           38           17           19           24          233          866          292
     services...................................
    Housing assistance..........................       6,015        6,388        6,368        7,160        7,198        7,720        7,704        8,216
    Other.......................................         275          577          266          211          183          121          116          120
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total other nondefense....................       6,363        7,003        6,651        7,390        7,405        8,074        8,686        8,628
                                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, nondefense.........................      41,485       41,100       43,938       48,655       53,403       58,661       59,229       58,631
                                                 =======================================================================================================
National defense \1\ ...........................  ...........           5   ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........
                                                 =======================================================================================================
Total...........................................      41,485       41,105       43,938       48,655       53,403       58,661       59,229       58,631
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
\1\ National Guard shelters and civil defense.
\2\ Includes relatively small amounts for railroads.
Note: Grants for 1940 totaled $442 million, composed of $165 million for highways and $277 million for public works.



[[Page 171]]

 
                                                      Table 9.7--SUMMARY OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      In Millions of Dollars        In Billions of Constant (FY       As Percentages of Total          As Percentages of GDP
                                                                 --------------------------------          1996) Dollars                      Outlays            -------------------------------
                           Fiscal Year                                                           ----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  National  Nondefense    Total   National                        National                        National  Nondefense    Total
                                                                   Defense                         Defense  Nondefense    Total    Defense  Nondefense    Total    Defense
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1949............................................................       762        178        940       4.4        1.0        5.4       2.0        0.5        2.4       0.3        0.1        0.3

1950............................................................       772        282      1,054       4.5        1.6        6.1       1.8        0.7        2.5       0.3        0.1        0.4
1951............................................................       846        279      1,125       4.7        1.5        6.2       1.9        0.6        2.5       0.3        0.1        0.4
1952............................................................     1,204        291      1,495       6.4        1.5        7.9       1.8        0.4        2.2       0.3        0.1        0.4
1953............................................................     1,553        295      1,848       8.1        1.5        9.6       2.0        0.4        2.4       0.4        0.1        0.5
1954............................................................     1,551        297      1,848       8.0        1.5        9.5       2.2        0.4        2.6       0.4        0.1        0.5

1955............................................................     1,550        345      1,895       7.9        1.8        9.7       2.3        0.5        2.8       0.4        0.1        0.5
1956............................................................     1,898        428      2,326       9.4        2.1       11.5       2.7        0.6        3.3       0.4        0.1        0.5
1957............................................................     2,134        577      2,711      10.2        2.8       13.0       2.8        0.8        3.5       0.5        0.1        0.6
1958............................................................     2,459        729      3,188      11.4        3.4       14.8       3.0        0.9        3.9       0.5        0.2        0.7
1959............................................................     5,364      1,020      6,384      24.5        4.7       29.2       5.8        1.1        6.9       1.1        0.2        1.3

1960............................................................     5,937      1,385      7,322      26.8        6.3       33.1       6.4        1.5        7.9       1.1        0.3        1.4
1961............................................................     6,922      1,864      8,786      30.9        8.3       39.2       7.1        1.9        9.0       1.3        0.4        1.7
1962............................................................     7,090      2,747      9,837      31.3       12.1       43.4       6.6        2.6        9.2       1.2        0.5        1.7
1963............................................................     7,144      4,221     11,365      31.1       18.4       49.5       6.4        3.8       10.2       1.2        0.7        1.9
1964............................................................     7,865      5,931     13,796      33.8       25.5       59.3       6.6        5.0       11.6       1.2        0.9        2.2

1965............................................................     7,077      6,763     13,840      29.9       28.6       58.5       6.0        5.7       11.7       1.0        1.0        2.0
1966............................................................     7,097      7,821     14,918      29.4       32.4       61.7       5.3        5.8       11.1       0.9        1.0        2.0
1967............................................................     8,068      7,894     15,962      32.3       31.7       64.0       5.1        5.0       10.1       1.0        1.0        2.0
1968............................................................     8,544      7,628     16,172      33.1       29.5       62.6       4.8        4.3        9.1       1.0        0.9        1.9
1969............................................................     8,314      7,346     15,660      30.8       27.2       58.0       4.5        4.0        8.5       0.9        0.8        1.6

1970............................................................     8,021      7,132     15,153      28.2       25.0       53.2       4.1        3.6        7.7       0.8        0.7        1.5
1971............................................................     8,108      7,301     15,409      27.1       24.4       51.5       3.9        3.5        7.3       0.7        0.7        1.4
1972............................................................     8,837      7,466     16,303      28.2       23.8       52.1       3.8        3.2        7.1       0.7        0.6        1.4
1973............................................................     9,139      7,896     17,035      27.9       24.1       52.1       3.7        3.2        6.9       0.7        0.6        1.3
1974............................................................     9,406      8,028     17,434      26.8       22.9       49.8       3.5        3.0        6.5       0.7        0.6        1.2

1975............................................................     9,715      8,821     18,536      25.1       22.8       47.9       2.9        2.7        5.6       0.6        0.6        1.2
1976............................................................     9,819     10,169     19,988      23.7       24.6       48.3       2.6        2.7        5.4       0.6        0.6        1.2
TQ..............................................................     2,455      2,745      5,200       5.7        6.4       12.2       2.6        2.9        5.4       0.5        0.6        1.1
1977............................................................    10,874     10,569     21,443      24.4       23.7       48.2       2.7        2.6        5.2       0.6        0.5        1.1
1978............................................................    12,077     12,455     24,532      25.4       26.2       51.6       2.6        2.7        5.3       0.5        0.6        1.1
1979............................................................    12,129     14,196     26,325      23.6       27.6       51.2       2.4        2.8        5.2       0.5        0.6        1.1

1980............................................................    14,643     15,592     30,235      26.2       27.8       54.0       2.5        2.6        5.1       0.5        0.6        1.1
1981............................................................    16,937     17,231     34,168      27.6       28.1       55.6       2.5        2.5        5.0       0.6        0.6        1.1
1982............................................................    19,809     14,850     34,660      30.1       22.6       52.7       2.7        2.0        4.6       0.6        0.5        1.1
1983............................................................    22,298     13,602     35,900      32.5       19.8       52.3       2.8        1.7        4.4       0.6        0.4        1.0
1984............................................................    25,765     15,221     40,986      36.2       21.4       57.6       3.0        1.8        4.8       0.7        0.4        1.1

1985............................................................    30,360     16,856     47,216      41.3       22.9       64.2       3.2        1.8        5.0       0.7        0.4        1.1
1986............................................................    35,656     16,485     52,141      47.4       21.9       69.3       3.6        1.7        5.3       0.8        0.4        1.2
1987............................................................    37,097     16,159     53,256      48.0       20.9       68.9       3.7        1.6        5.3       0.8        0.3        1.1
1988............................................................    38,032     18,068     56,100      47.6       22.6       70.2       3.6        1.7        5.3       0.8        0.4        1.1
1989 \1\........................................................    40,366     20,394     60,760      48.7       24.6       73.3       3.5        1.8        5.3       0.7        0.4        1.1

1990 \1\........................................................    41,078     22,732     63,810      47.7       26.4       74.2       3.3        1.8        5.1       0.7        0.4        1.1
1991 \1\........................................................    37,887     24,296     62,183      42.4       27.2       69.6       2.9        1.8        4.7       0.6        0.4        1.0
1992 \1\........................................................    38,170     26,558     64,728      41.6       28.9       70.6       2.8        1.9        4.7       0.6        0.4        1.0
1993 \1\........................................................    40,396     27,982     68,378      43.0       29.8       72.8       2.9        2.0        4.9       0.6        0.4        1.0
1994 \1\........................................................    38,055     28,397     66,453      39.7       29.6       69.3       2.6        1.9        4.5       0.5        0.4        1.0

1995 \1\........................................................    37,699     30,733     68,432      38.5       31.3       69.8       2.5        2.0        4.5       0.5        0.4        0.9
1996 \1\........................................................    39,428     29,011     68,439      39.4       29.0       68.4       2.5        1.9        4.4       0.5        0.4        0.9
1997 \1\........................................................    40,177     30,896     71,073      39.4       30.3       69.7       2.5        1.9        4.4       0.5        0.4        0.9
1998 \1\........................................................    40,141     32,662     72,803      38.8       31.6       70.4       2.4        2.0        4.4       0.5        0.4        0.8
1999 \1\........................................................    40,276     33,860     74,136      38.4       32.3       70.8       2.4        2.0        4.4       0.4        0.4        0.8

2000 \1\........................................................    41,050     32,897     73,947      38.4       30.8       69.2       2.3        1.8        4.1       0.4        0.3        0.8
2001 \1\........................................................    44,147     35,942     80,089      40.4       32.9       73.2       2.4        1.9        4.3       0.4        0.4        0.8
2002 \1\........................................................    48,238     39,673     87,911      43.5       35.8       79.3       2.4        2.0        4.4       0.5        0.4        0.9
2003 estimate \1\...............................................    57,061     44,700    101,761      50.9       39.8       90.7       2.7        2.1        4.8       0.5        0.4        0.9
2004 estimate \1\...............................................    62,898     49,210    112,108      55.2       43.2       98.5       2.8        2.2        5.0       0.6        0.4        1.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes off-budget Postal Service investments of the following amounts (in millions of current dollars): 1989: 64; 1990: 82; 1991: 116; 1992: 152; 1993: 57; 1994: 51; 1995: 52; 1996: 55;
  1997: 68; 1998: 77; 1999: 45; 2000: 42; 2001: 29; 2002: 43; 2003: 46; 2004: 47.



[[Page 172]]

 
                                Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Category                           1949       1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense..............................       688        700        775      1,100      1,412      1,385      1,397      1,683      1,882
  Other national defense.............................        74         72         71        104        141        166        153        215        252
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense...........................       762        772        846      1,204      1,553      1,551      1,550      1,898      2,134
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA.............................................        42         43         44         51         50         48         43         50         55
    NSF..............................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         4          8         15         28
    Atomic energy general science....................        40         49         50         60         63         64         73         78         91
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal.......................................        82         92         94        111        113        116        124        143        174
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy.............................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         27         42         77
  Transportation:
    DOT..............................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         13
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal.......................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         13
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH..............................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A
    Other............................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal.......................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         45         51         69         81        134
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture........................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         49         53         62         82         86
  Natural resources and environment..................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         38         38         32         38         45
  All other \1\ .....................................       N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A         50         39         31         42         48
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ ............................       178        282        279        291        295        297        345        428        577
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ .......       940      1,054      1,125      1,495      1,848      1,848      1,895      2,326      2,711
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development              11         14         14         14         14         13         21         31         40
 classified as grants (all nondefense)...............
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 173]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Category                                 1958       1959       1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................     2,178      4,950      5,517      6,466      6,689      6,792      7,419      6,623
  Other national defense........................................       281        414        420        456        401        352        446        454
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................     2,459      5,364      5,937      6,922      7,090      7,144      7,865      7,077
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................        72        115        330        646      1,112      2,291      3,693      4,497
    NSF.........................................................        31         47         57         70         84        100        147        147
    Atomic energy general science...............................       126        157        183        214        231        264        288        309
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       229        319        570        930      1,427      2,655      4,128      4,953
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................       109        129        159        173        397        462        502        478
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................        26         53         77         89         83        111        107        159
    NASA........................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........        31         36         40         58
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................        26         53         77         89        114        147        147        217
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................       N/A        N/A        247        295        398        511        637        523
    Other.......................................................       N/A        N/A         30         35         36         40         66         67
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       157        216        277        330        434        551        703        590
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................        97        104        107        117        129        142        154        179
  Natural resources and environment.............................        54         88         68        106        100        118        120        140
  All other \1\ ................................................        57        111        127        119        146        146        177        206
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................       729      1,020      1,385      1,864      2,747      4,221      5,931      6,763
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................     3,188      6,384      7,322      8,786      9,837     11,365     13,796     13,840
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as           46         55         57         58         66         75         85        100
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 174]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Category                                 1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972       1973
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................     6,675      7,649      8,071      7,762      7,519      7,639      8,238      8,529
  Other national defense........................................       422        419        473        552        502        469        599        610
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................     7,097      8,068      8,544      8,314      8,021      8,108      8,837      9,139
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................     5,275      5,042      4,462      4,025      3,518      3,143      3,059      3,045
    NSF.........................................................       176        209        248        280        292        334        407        432
    Atomic energy general science...............................       339        359        281        385        393        380        370        372
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     5,790      5,610      4,991      4,690      4,203      3,857      3,836      3,849
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................       452        478        515        469        451        454        329        379
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................       117         69        107         96        224        444        291        299
    NASA........................................................        75         89        128        162        183        205        221        235
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       192        158        235        258        407        649        512        534
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................       536        795        784        859        879        912      1,096      1,318
    Other.......................................................       202        110        199        214        194        211        279        341
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       738        905        983      1,073      1,073      1,123      1,375      1,659
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................       205        215        231        232        246        268        296        293
  Natural resources and environment.............................       160        181        207        232        301        351        507        539
  All other \1\ ................................................       284        347        466        392        451        599        611        643
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................     7,821      7,894      7,628      7,346      7,132      7,301      7,466      7,896
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................    14,918     15,962     16,172     15,660     15,153     15,409     16,303     17,035
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as          110        125        140        152        167        182        206        224
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 175]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Category                                 1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978       1979       1980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................     8,960      9,284      9,341      2,312     10,210     10,726     11,045     13,469
  Other national defense........................................       446        431        478        143        664      1,351      1,083      1,174
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................     9,406      9,715      9,819      2,455     10,874     12,077     12,129     14,643
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................     2,900      2,876      3,227        846      3,506      3,454      3,655      4,262
    NSF.........................................................       539        571        623        194        668        701        775        838
    Atomic energy general science...............................       292        310        257         72        267        274        305        345
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     3,731      3,757      4,107      1,112      4,441      4,429      4,735      5,445
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................       525        933      1,424        521      2,197      2,542      3,304      3,289
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................       322        307        329        100        315        326        350        412
    NASA........................................................       283        309        324         82        336        379        408        449
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       605        616        653        182        651        705        758        861
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................     1,413      1,631      2,098        548      1,314      2,439      2,626      2,898
    Other.......................................................       245        258        194        130        335        325        614        784
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     1,658      1,889      2,292        678      1,649      2,764      3,240      3,682
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................       315        352        416        100        469        499        549        563
  Natural resources and environment.............................       511        647        646        166        585        675        895        951
  All other \1\ ................................................       683        627        631        -14        577        841        715        801
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................     8,028      8,821     10,169      2,745     10,569     12,455     14,196     15,592
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................    17,434     18,536     19,988      5,200     21,443     24,532     26,325     30,235
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as          238        249        285         80        272        252        256        288
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 176]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Category                                 1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................    15,739     18,363     20,566     23,850     28,165     33,396     34,732     35,605
  Other national defense........................................     1,199      1,447      1,732      1,915      2,195      2,260      2,365      2,427
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................    16,937     19,809     22,298     25,765     30,360     35,656     37,097     38,032
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................     4,798      2,697      1,999      3,023      2,410      2,863      2,693      3,252
    NSF.........................................................       900      1,020        998      1,127      1,182      1,399      1,426      1,513
    Atomic energy general science...............................       501        401        464        505        510        510        576        618
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     6,199      4,118      3,461      4,656      4,102      4,772      4,695      5,383
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................     3,681      3,330      2,728      2,762      4,249      2,622      2,321      2,287
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................       409        341        270        342        467        489        347        323
    NASA........................................................       481        523        539        515        559        568        557        580
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................       890        864        809        857      1,027      1,057        905        903
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................     3,352      3,435      3,532      3,942      4,412      4,837      4,942      6,022
    Other.......................................................       732        906        929        617        719        738        869        849
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     4,084      4,341      4,461      4,560      5,131      5,574      5,811      6,872
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................       643        696        717        754        775        798        796        838
  Natural resources and environment.............................       912        838        856        846        884        924        886      1,052
  All other \1\ ................................................       822        664        570        787        689        738        745        732
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................    17,231     14,850     13,602     15,221     16,856     16,485     16,159     18,068
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................    34,168     34,660     35,900     40,986     47,216     52,141     53,256     56,100
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as          251        290        197        223        215        319        464        478
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 177]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Category                                 1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................    37,819     38,247     35,330     35,504     37,666     35,474     35,356     36,936
  Other national defense........................................     2,547      2,831      2,557      2,666      2,730      2,581      2,343      2,492
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................    40,366     41,078     37,887     38,170     40,396     38,055     37,699     39,428
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................     4,220      5,624      6,277      6,641      7,004      6,663      8,243      6,963
    NSF.........................................................     1,570      1,520      1,631      1,733      1,753      1,873      1,894      2,077
    Atomic energy general science...............................       680        784        834        784        789        669        700        705
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     6,470      7,927      8,741      9,157      9,546      9,205     10,837      9,745
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................     2,454      2,342      2,501      2,593      2,517      2,654      3,152      2,938
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................       322        272        333        373        420        519        604        534
    NASA........................................................       755        701        795        976      1,084      1,215        749      1,120
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     1,077        973      1,127      1,348      1,504      1,734      1,353      1,654
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................     6,634      7,092      7,257      7,936      9,063      9,620     10,299      9,642
    Other.......................................................       912      1,162      1,272      1,721      1,311      1,008        961        856
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     7,546      8,253      8,528      9,656     10,374     10,628     11,260     10,498
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................       908        937        990      1,070      1,129      1,158      1,186      1,168
  Natural resources and environment.............................     1,056      1,220      1,323      1,593      1,762      1,747      1,662      1,610
  All other \1\ ................................................       883      1,081      1,085      1,141      1,150      1,271      1,283      1,398
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................    20,394     22,732     24,296     26,558     27,982     28,397     30,733     29,011
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................    60,760     63,810     62,183     64,728     68,378     66,453     68,432     68,439
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as          412        345        401        296        344        376        348        303
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 178]]


                           Table 9.8--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1949-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                       2003       2004
                            Category                                 1997       1998       1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense:
  Department of Defense.........................................    37,702     37,558     37,571     38,279     41,157     44,903     53,396     58,680
  Other national defense........................................     2,475      2,583      2,705      2,771      2,990      3,335      3,665      4,218
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total national defense......................................    40,177     40,141     40,276     41,050     44,147     48,238     57,061     62,898
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Nondefense:
  General science, space, and technology:
    NASA........................................................     8,137      8,631      8,316      5,411      5,611      5,816      6,523      7,349
    NSF.........................................................     2,015      2,010      2,144      2,446      2,566      2,803      3,221      3,398
    Atomic energy general science...............................       703      1,862      2,087      2,246      2,287      2,303      2,476      2,605
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................    10,855     12,503     12,547     10,103     10,464     10,922     12,220     13,352
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy........................................................     2,641      1,526      1,285      1,265      1,336      1,197      1,466      1,495
  Transportation:
    DOT.........................................................       545        528        465        482        514        605        627        789
    NASA........................................................     1,237      1,250      1,117        958        862        956        976        976
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................     1,782      1,778      1,582      1,440      1,376      1,561      1,603      1,765
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health:
    NIH.........................................................    10,599     11,853     13,027     14,568     16,387     19,374     22,067     25,172
    Other.......................................................       859        865      1,306      1,310      1,804      1,802      1,934      2,025
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal..................................................    11,458     12,718     14,333     15,878     18,191     21,176     24,001     27,197
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Agriculture...................................................     1,178      1,200      1,200      1,294      1,519      1,508      1,616      1,589
  Natural resources and environment.............................     1,590      1,653      1,732      1,687      1,749      1,856      1,717      1,861
  All other \1\ ................................................     1,392      1,284      1,181      1,230      1,307      1,453      2,077      1,951
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total nondefense \1\ .......................................    30,896     32,662     33,860     32,897     35,942     39,673     44,700     49,210
                                                                 =======================================================================================
Total conduct of research and development \1\ ..................    71,073     72,803     74,136     73,947     80,089     87,911    101,761    112,108
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum: Conduct of research and development classified as          290        302        308        405        382        554        632        755
 grants (all nondefense)........................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes off-budget Postal Service amounts as shown in the footnote to Table 9.7.
N/A: Separate detail not available; however, the data are included in the totals.
Note: The Atomic energy defense component includes relatively small amounts of R&D for FEMA beginning in 1983.



[[Page 179]]

 
                                 Table 9.9--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Category                               1962      1963      1964      1965      1966      1967      1968      1969      1970
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Federal outlays:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............      100       110       122       154       206       272       291       349       383
  Higher education............................................      313       411       367       396       648       972     1,005       883     1,043
  Training and employment.....................................       12        64        42       255       398       657       710       682       196
  Health......................................................      132       165       219       209       233       278       210       354       367
  Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation............      159       101        77        58        54       305       478       701     1,015
  All other...................................................       53        50        55        66        80       111       153       150       249
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, direct.............................................      768       901       882     1,138     1,619     2,595     2,847     3,119     3,253
                                                               =========================================================================================

Grants to State and local governments:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............      382       442       457       565     1,421     2,038     2,224     2,121     2,510
  Higher education............................................       15        15        15        17        58       188       389       351       343
  Research and general education aids.........................        8         7         9        29        45        70       103        77       124
  Training and employment.....................................  ........  ........       80        23        22        34       260       317       757
  Social services.............................................       65        73        88       106       234       480       605       692       767
  All other...................................................       68        72        77        82        93       121       309       276       373
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, grants.............................................      538       610       726       821     1,874     2,931     3,889     3,833     4,874
                                                               =========================================================================================
Total conduct of education and training.......................    1,306     1,511     1,607     1,959     3,494     5,526     6,737     6,953     8,127
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Memorandum: Conduct of education and training
  As a percentage of total outlays............................      1.2       1.4       1.4       1.7       2.6       3.5       3.8       3.8       4.2
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars...................      7.8       8.6       8.7      10.3      17.8      26.8      31.0      30.1      32.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                            Table 9.9--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Category                               1971      1972      1973      1974      1975      1976       TQ       1977      1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Federal outlays:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............      419       464       420       332       404       388       132       438       407
  Higher education............................................    1,125     1,231     1,345     1,380     2,096     2,770       736     3,117     3,648
  Training and employment.....................................      341       621       554       378       360       377        88       439       601
  Health......................................................      391       437       655       564       564       602       192       519       648
  Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation............    1,659     1,960     2,801     3,249     4,593     5,531       784     3,713     3,396
  All other...................................................      239       348       401       506       459       568       130       662       719
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, direct.............................................    4,175     5,060     6,176     6,409     8,476    10,236     2,062     8,888     9,419
                                                               =========================================================================================

Grants to State and local governments:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............    2,914     3,221     3,153     3,241     3,945     3,812       942     4,200     4,779
  Higher education............................................      310       217       189        70        85        43         8        83        62
  Research and general education aids.........................       99       109       126       192       286       224        47       283       347
  Training and employment.....................................    1,013     1,156       987     1,137     1,985     2,355       856     2,444     3,256
  Social services.............................................      846       859       949       971     1,244     1,269       376     1,302     1,379
  All other...................................................      424       457       361       443       476       561       130       661       534
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, grants.............................................    5,606     6,019     5,765     6,053     8,021     8,264     2,360     8,973    10,356
                                                               =========================================================================================
Total conduct of education and training.......................    9,781    11,080    11,941    12,462    16,496    18,500     4,422    17,862    19,775
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Memorandum: Conduct of education and training
  As a percentage of total outlays............................      4.7       4.8       4.9       4.6       5.0       5.0       4.6       4.4       4.3
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars...................     36.5      39.0      40.0      39.0      46.7      48.4      11.2      42.9      44.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 180]]


                            Table 9.9--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Category                               1979      1980      1981      1982      1983      1984      1985      1986      1987
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Federal outlays:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............      416       403       395       490       561       564       521       356       634
  Higher education............................................    4,898     6,576     8,638     7,003     7,070     7,233     8,056     8,261     7,238
  Training and employment.....................................      807       930       977       861       740       706       688       689       726
  Health......................................................      443       644       681       644       459       370       438       489       533
  Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation............    2,789     2,418     2,367     2,083     1,827     1,556     1,390     1,176     1,113
  All other...................................................    1,005     1,090     1,011       802       868     1,153       980     1,021     1,084
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, direct.............................................   10,359    12,060    14,068    11,884    11,524    11,582    12,071    11,993    11,327
                                                               =========================================================================================

Grants to State and local governments:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............    5,542     6,277     6,617     6,214     5,663     5,869     7,031     7,408     7,204
  Higher education............................................       84        98        89        60        54        70        82        83        91
  Research and general education aids.........................      484       491       282       309       314       255       260       296       366
  Training and employment.....................................    3,643     4,295     4,391     3,225     3,188     2,556     2,775     3,019     2,930
  Social services.............................................    1,707     1,848     1,834     1,655     1,777     2,258     1,779     2,292     2,321
  All other...................................................      469       525       588       548       507       514       543       510       431
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, grants.............................................   11,929    13,535    13,801    12,010    11,503    11,521    12,470    13,607    13,343
                                                               =========================================================================================
Total conduct of education and training.......................   22,288    25,596    27,869    23,893    23,028    23,103    24,541    25,599    24,671
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Memorandum: Conduct of education and training
  As a percentage of total outlays............................      4.4       4.3       4.1       3.2       2.8       2.7       2.6       2.6       2.5
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars...................     46.8      48.9      48.3      38.6      35.8      34.1      35.0      35.3      32.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                            Table 9.9--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Category                               1988      1989      1990      1991      1992      1993      1994      1995      1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Federal outlays:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............      502       581       521       857       706       760       806       958       809
  Higher education............................................    8,129    10,474    10,996    11,862    11,156    14,339     7,753    14,034    12,064
  Training and employment.....................................      793       793       848       879       912     1,024     1,085     1,126     1,013
  Health......................................................      527       591       532       608       748       775       759       766       760
  Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation............    1,055     1,018       786       803       995     1,091     1,358     1,374     1,373
  All other...................................................    1,127     1,254     1,442     1,571     2,287     2,393     2,488     2,857     2,845
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, direct.............................................   12,134    14,712    15,124    16,579    16,803    20,382    14,249    21,115    18,864
                                                               =========================================================================================

Grants to State and local governments:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.............    7,813     8,499     9,281    10,444    11,627    12,763    13,314    13,677    13,930
  Higher education............................................       89        89        98        79        96       119       111       117       108
  Research and general education aids.........................      360       386       396       478       292       315       289       268       288
  Training and employment.....................................    2,958     3,020     3,300     3,530     3,982     3,982     4,149     4,573     4,162
  Social services.............................................    3,029     2,875     2,891     3,045     3,878     3,862     4,936     5,584     5,702
  All other...................................................      422       453       474       487       501       502       527       496       505
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, grants.............................................   14,671    15,322    16,440    18,063    20,376    21,543    23,327    24,715    24,695
                                                               =========================================================================================
Total conduct of education and training.......................   26,805    30,034    31,564    34,642    37,179    41,925    37,576    45,830    43,559
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Memorandum: Conduct of education and training
  As a percentage of total outlays............................      2.5       2.6       2.5       2.6       2.7       3.0       2.6       3.0       2.8
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars...................     34.5      37.7      38.3      40.2      41.9      45.7      39.8      47.1      43.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 181]]


                            Table 9.9--COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR THE CONDUCT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING: 1962-2004--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                        2003      2004
                                Category                                    1997      1998      1999      2000      2001      2002    estimate  estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Federal outlays:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.......................      813       821       846     1,172     1,667     2,142     1,569     1,401
  Higher education......................................................   12,215    11,970    10,598     9,918    16,842    17,960    22,391    20,157
  Training and employment...............................................    1,000     1,106     1,178     1,274     1,338     1,507     1,588     1,573
  Health................................................................      880       808       877       948     1,143     1,368     1,338     1,295
  Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation......................    1,477     1,502     1,643     1,694     2,221     2,396     3,005     3,245
  All other.............................................................    2,636     2,754     2,763     2,956     3,303     3,466     3,813     3,751
                                                                         -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, direct.......................................................   19,021    18,961    17,905    17,962    26,514    28,839    33,704    31,422
                                                                         ===============================================================================

Grants to State and local governments:
  Elementary, secondary, and vocational education.......................   14,212    15,721    16,684    19,352    21,326    23,459    30,308    32,940
  Higher education......................................................       75        90        65       193       360       444       577       394
  Research and general education aids...................................      277       378       389       546       670       702       755       634
  Training and employment...............................................    3,769     3,463     3,712     3,484     3,791     4,706     4,287     3,855
  Social services.......................................................    6,185     6,354     7,027     7,359     7,960     9,183     9,539     9,676
  All other.............................................................      509       498       508       530       702       702       730       779
                                                                         -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, grants.......................................................   25,027    26,504    28,385    31,464    34,809    39,196    46,196    48,278
                                                                         ===============================================================================
Total conduct of education and training.................................   44,048    45,465    46,290    49,426    61,323    68,035    79,900    79,700
                                                                         -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Memorandum: Conduct of education and training
  As a percentage of total outlays......................................      2.8       2.8       2.7       2.8       3.3       3.4       3.7       3.6
  In billions of constant (FY 1996) dollars.............................     43.2      43.7      43.5      44.9      54.3      59.1      68.3      66.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 182]]

 
                                                    Table 10.1--GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND DEFLATORS USED IN THE HISTORICAL TABLES: 1940-2008
                                                                                   (Fiscal Year 1996 = 1.000)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                          Composite Outlay Deflators
                                                            GDP       GDP   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           (in    (Chained)                                 Payments for                                                Addendum: Direct Capital
                         Year                           billions    Price             Total    Total         Individuals        Other     Net    Undistributed    All  -------------------------
                                                           of       Index     Total  Defense    Non-  ------------------------ Grants  Interest    Offsetting    Other                     Non-
                                                        dollars)                              defense   Total  Direct  Grants                       Receipts             Total  Defense  defense
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940..................................................      96.7    0.1030   0.1004   0.0930   0.1021  0.0984  0.0984  0.0984  0.0772   0.1030       0.0779     0.1051  0.2029   0.1730   0.2189
1941..................................................     114.0    0.1067   0.1057   0.1103   0.1020  0.1019  0.1019  0.1019  0.0716   0.1067       0.0754     0.1014  0.1947   0.1839   0.2274
1942..................................................     144.2    0.1146   0.1180   0.1306   0.0935  0.1114  0.1114  0.1114  0.0714   0.1146       0.0753     0.0868  0.1912   0.1885   0.2421
1943..................................................     180.1    0.1225   0.1285   0.1388   0.0906  0.1233  0.1233  0.1233  0.0762   0.1225       0.0788     0.0825  0.1839   0.1834   0.2398
1944..................................................     209.0    0.1272   0.1209   0.1259   0.0959  0.1324  0.1324  0.1324  0.0782   0.1272       0.0842     0.0855  0.1771   0.1769   0.2400

1945..................................................     221.3    0.1304   0.1153   0.1158   0.1109  0.1392  0.1393  0.1388  0.0788   0.1304       0.0906     0.0928  0.1647   0.1645   0.2375
1946..................................................     222.7    0.1399   0.1205   0.1167   0.1358  0.1468  0.1468  0.1466  0.0849   0.1399       0.1099     0.1157  0.1691   0.1684   0.2095
1947..................................................     234.6    0.1544   0.1351   0.1288   0.1392  0.1580  0.1580  0.1579  0.1138   0.1544       0.1152     0.1182  0.1897   0.1895   0.1906
1948..................................................     256.4    0.1692   0.1361   0.1190   0.1454  0.1728  0.1728  0.1727  0.1171   0.1692       0.1062     0.1116  0.2149   0.2133   0.2205
1949..................................................     271.5    0.1749   0.1326   0.1205   0.1398  0.1774  0.1775  0.1773  0.1263   0.1749       0.1019     0.1076  0.2271   0.2251   0.2317

1950..................................................     273.4    0.1724   0.1362   0.1205   0.1452  0.1751  0.1751  0.1747  0.1190   0.1724       0.1025     0.1096  0.2196   0.2237   0.2137
1951..................................................     321.0    0.1816   0.1396   0.1266   0.1568  0.1850  0.1850  0.1845  0.1356   0.1816       0.1020     0.1124  0.2391   0.2429   0.2247
1952..................................................     348.8    0.1887   0.1400   0.1308   0.1648  0.1920  0.1921  0.1916  0.1392   0.1887       0.0962     0.1083  0.2519   0.2534   0.2386
1953..................................................     373.4    0.1923   0.1491   0.1419   0.1685  0.1951  0.1951  0.1947  0.1477   0.1923       0.1048     0.1173  0.2545   0.2548   0.2501
1954..................................................     378.0    0.1946   0.1551   0.1443   0.1868  0.1979  0.1979  0.1977  0.1447   0.1946       0.1076     0.1257  0.2531   0.2535   0.2471

1955..................................................     395.2    0.1962   0.1587   0.1497   0.1763  0.1980  0.1980  0.1979  0.1485   0.1962       0.1118     0.1220  0.2617   0.2632   0.2409
1956..................................................     427.7    0.2014   0.1659   0.1603   0.1753  0.2003  0.2003  0.2002  0.1526   0.2014       0.1127     0.1211  0.2769   0.2788   0.2477
1957..................................................     450.7    0.2089   0.1731   0.1680   0.1812  0.2060  0.2060  0.2059  0.1654   0.2089       0.1134     0.1234  0.2949   0.2973   0.2623
1958..................................................     461.1    0.2152   0.1828   0.1752   0.1940  0.2121  0.2121  0.2120  0.1786   0.2152       0.1219     0.1347  0.3046   0.3074   0.2715
1959..................................................     492.1    0.2187   0.1862   0.1831   0.1897  0.2156  0.2156  0.2155  0.1878   0.2187       0.1256     0.1370  0.3087   0.3123   0.2734

1960..................................................     518.9    0.2212   0.1870   0.1763   0.2004  0.2196  0.2196  0.2195  0.1889   0.2212       0.1253     0.1424  0.3082   0.3123   0.2762
1961..................................................     531.8    0.2243   0.1919   0.1809   0.2047  0.2228  0.2228  0.2227  0.1871   0.2243       0.1323     0.1511  0.3091   0.3133   0.2782
1962..................................................     568.5    0.2268   0.1918   0.1822   0.2021  0.2249  0.2249  0.2248  0.1898   0.2268       0.1355     0.1538  0.3122   0.3166   0.2824
1963..................................................     599.7    0.2298   0.1999   0.1897   0.2102  0.2276  0.2276  0.2275  0.1956   0.2298       0.1403     0.1643  0.3209   0.3258   0.2880
1964..................................................     641.3    0.2325   0.2026   0.1911   0.2136  0.2306  0.2306  0.2305  0.1992   0.2325       0.1445     0.1728  0.3223   0.3266   0.2984

1965..................................................     687.9    0.2366   0.2054   0.1914   0.2173  0.2337  0.2338  0.2336  0.2041   0.2366       0.1521     0.1802  0.3229   0.3280   0.3008
1966..................................................     754.2    0.2417   0.2112   0.1988   0.2217  0.2381  0.2381  0.2380  0.2043   0.2417       0.1597     0.1872  0.3246   0.3298   0.3000
1967..................................................     813.5    0.2494   0.2188   0.2059   0.2308  0.2446  0.2446  0.2445  0.2114   0.2494       0.1756     0.2000  0.3333   0.3366   0.3115
1968..................................................     868.4    0.2584   0.2286   0.2161   0.2404  0.2522  0.2522  0.2521  0.2207   0.2584       0.1909     0.2123  0.3460   0.3485   0.3255
1969..................................................     949.2    0.2701   0.2425   0.2285   0.2552  0.2629  0.2629  0.2628  0.2335   0.2701       0.2037     0.2277  0.3619   0.3641   0.3406

1970..................................................   1,013.2    0.2849   0.2569   0.2413   0.2693  0.2755  0.2755  0.2754  0.2506   0.2849       0.2223     0.2440  0.3796   0.3810   0.3669
1971..................................................   1,081.4    0.2992   0.2736   0.2557   0.2856  0.2880  0.2880  0.2879  0.2700   0.2992       0.2427     0.2657  0.4040   0.4047   0.3991
1972..................................................   1,181.5    0.3132   0.2914   0.2802   0.2976  0.2991  0.2991  0.2990  0.2844   0.3132       0.2614     0.2835  0.4223   0.4226   0.4209
1973..................................................   1,308.1    0.3271   0.3074   0.3003   0.3108  0.3105  0.3105  0.3104  0.2980   0.3271       0.2758     0.2991  0.4383   0.4382   0.4385
1974..................................................   1,442.1    0.3504   0.3322   0.3240   0.3358  0.3354  0.3354  0.3353  0.3253   0.3504       0.2911     0.3150  0.4608   0.4590   0.4687

1975..................................................   1,559.8    0.3867   0.3655   0.3594   0.3677  0.3694  0.3694  0.3693  0.3624   0.3867       0.3215     0.3446  0.5018   0.4938   0.5353
1976..................................................   1,736.7    0.4140   0.3922   0.3870   0.3939  0.3931  0.3931  0.3929  0.3916   0.4140       0.3488     0.3750  0.5359   0.5260   0.5760
TQ....................................................     454.8    0.4271   0.4044   0.3990   0.4061  0.4056  0.4056  0.4054  0.4064   0.4271       0.3595     0.3841  0.5629   0.5553   0.5890
1977..................................................   1,971.3    0.4451   0.4242   0.4225   0.4247  0.4231  0.4231  0.4229  0.4215   0.4451       0.3860     0.4114  0.5805   0.5734   0.6087
1978..................................................   2,218.6    0.4756   0.4524   0.4531   0.4522  0.4522  0.4522  0.4520  0.4493   0.4756       0.4080     0.4330  0.6201   0.6156   0.6361
1979..................................................   2,503.8    0.5142   0.4903   0.4915   0.4899  0.4899  0.4899  0.4898  0.4873   0.5142       0.4335     0.4647  0.6628   0.6596   0.6748

1980..................................................   2,732.1    0.5599   0.5409   0.5463   0.5393  0.5418  0.5418  0.5417  0.5427   0.5599       0.4734     0.5027  0.7157   0.7109   0.7356
1981..................................................   3,061.6    0.6142   0.5965   0.6074   0.5933  0.5933  0.5933  0.5931  0.6025   0.6142       0.5249     0.5547  0.7771   0.7724   0.7986
1982..................................................   3,228.6    0.6572   0.6386   0.6565   0.6329  0.6310  0.6311  0.6309  0.6477   0.6572       0.5616     0.5921  0.8390   0.8367   0.8520
1983..................................................   3,440.5    0.6861   0.6683   0.6881   0.6616  0.6596  0.6596  0.6595  0.6776   0.6861       0.5840     0.6126  0.8779   0.8796   0.8656
1984..................................................   3,839.4    0.7114   0.7013   0.7355   0.6896  0.6848  0.6848  0.6846  0.7060   0.7114       0.6175     0.6507  0.9072   0.9134   0.8668

1985..................................................   4,136.6    0.7349   0.7254   0.7647   0.7121  0.7080  0.7081  0.7077  0.7318   0.7349       0.6435     0.6731  0.9152   0.9217   0.8751
1986..................................................   4,401.4    0.7526   0.7433   0.7730   0.7326  0.7280  0.7280  0.7278  0.7535   0.7526       0.6657     0.6952  0.8969   0.8988   0.8831
1987..................................................   4,647.0    0.7733   0.7637   0.7823   0.7567  0.7515  0.7515  0.7513  0.7845   0.7733       0.6838     0.7177  0.8800   0.8780   0.8941
1988..................................................   5,014.7    0.7986   0.7879   0.7965   0.7847  0.7814  0.7814  0.7814  0.8091   0.7986       0.7046     0.7411  0.8737   0.8674   0.9121
1989..................................................   5,405.5    0.8293   0.8171   0.8211   0.8157  0.8155  0.8154  0.8158  0.8332   0.8293       0.7286     0.7626  0.8875   0.8806   0.9341

1990..................................................   5,735.6    0.8605   0.8447   0.8439   0.8450  0.8506  0.8505  0.8511  0.8652   0.8605       0.7571     0.7841  0.9040   0.8962   0.9522
1991..................................................   5,930.4    0.8940   0.8820   0.8813   0.8822  0.8880  0.8880  0.8883  0.8931   0.8940       0.8099     0.8320  0.9300   0.9222   0.9734
1992..................................................   6,218.6    0.9174   0.9119   0.9114   0.9120  0.9150  0.9150  0.9149  0.9057   0.9174       0.8336     0.8669  0.9397   0.9330   0.9680
1993..................................................   6,558.4    0.9393   0.9349   0.9261   0.9372  0.9386  0.9386  0.9384  0.9266   0.9393       0.8795     0.9089  0.9561   0.9521   0.9724
1994..................................................   6,944.6    0.9596   0.9543   0.9447   0.9566  0.9575  0.9576  0.9573  0.9494   0.9596       0.9222     0.9384  0.9739   0.9717   0.9826
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See note at end of table.


[[Page 183]]


                                              Table 10.1--GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND DEFLATORS USED IN THE HISTORICAL TABLES: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                                   (Fiscal Year 1996 = 1.000)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                          Composite Outlay Deflators
                                                            GDP       GDP   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           (in    (Chained)                                 Payments for                                                Addendum: Direct Capital
                         Year                           billions    Price             Total    Total         Individuals        Other     Net    Undistributed    All  -------------------------
                                                           of       Index     Total  Defense    Non-  ------------------------ Grants  Interest    Offsetting    Other                     Non-
                                                        dollars)                              defense   Total  Direct  Grants                       Receipts             Total  Defense  defense
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995..................................................   7,324.0    0.9804   0.9770   0.9649   0.9797  0.9796  0.9796  0.9796  0.9781   0.9804       0.9490     0.9662  0.9907   0.9884   0.9977
1996..................................................   7,694.6    1.0000   1.0000   1.0000   1.0000  1.0000  1.0000  1.0000  1.0000   1.0000       1.0000     1.0000  1.0000   1.0000   1.0000
1997..................................................   8,185.2    1.0195   1.0207   1.0214   1.0205  1.0213  1.0213  1.0214  1.0218   1.0195       1.0213     1.0147  0.9866   0.9861   0.9878
1998..................................................   8,663.9    1.0339   1.0336   1.0329   1.0338  1.0334  1.0334  1.0333  1.0414   1.0339       1.0502     1.0377  0.9748   0.9743   0.9765
1999..................................................   9,137.7    1.0477   1.0501   1.0544   1.0492  1.0480  1.0480  1.0480  1.0644   1.0477       1.0850     1.0608  0.9738   0.9717   0.9791

2000..................................................   9,718.8    1.0679   1.0772   1.0872   1.0752  1.0733  1.0733  1.0735  1.1051   1.0679       1.1270     1.0935  0.9818   0.9768   0.9931
2001..................................................  10,021.5    1.0940   1.1014   1.1073   1.1002  1.0979  1.0978  1.0981  1.1416   1.0940       1.1509     1.1122  0.9839   0.9738   1.0080
2002..................................................  10,336.6    1.1080   1.1185   1.1330   1.1155  1.1118  1.1117  1.1120  1.1531   1.1080       1.2045     1.1479  0.9785   0.9660   1.0086
2003 estimate.........................................  10,756.8    1.1221   1.1398   1.1492   1.1378  1.1363  1.1362  1.1365  1.1791   1.1221       1.2201     1.1569  0.9915   0.9785   1.0218
2004 estimate.........................................  11,303.1    1.1385   1.1611   1.1638   1.1605  1.1590  1.1589  1.1592  1.2057   1.1385       1.2384     1.1819  1.0053   0.9932   1.0371

2005 estimate.........................................  11,883.6    1.1559   1.1826   1.1807   1.1830  1.1832  1.1832  1.1835  1.2326   1.1559       1.2570     1.2008  1.0196   1.0081   1.0526
2006 estimate.........................................  12,482.6    1.1747   1.2047   1.1957   1.2066  1.2081  1.2081  1.2085  1.2603   1.1747       1.2771     1.2187  1.0356   1.0242   1.0695
2007 estimate.........................................  13,104.2    1.1948   1.2282   1.2099   1.2320  1.2347  1.2347  1.2351  1.2898   1.1948       1.2988     1.2394  1.0522   1.0416   1.0877
2008 estimate.........................................  13,751.5    1.2160   1.2529   1.2286   1.2580  1.2618  1.2617  1.2622  1.3217   1.2160       1.3222     1.2602  1.0707   1.0604   1.1072
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Constant dollar research and development outlays are based on the GDP (chained) price index.



[[Page 184]]

 
                                    Table 11.1--SUMMARY COMPARISON OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    In Millions of Dollars         As Percentages of Total        As Percentages of GDP      In Billions of Constant (FY
                              ---------------------------------            Outlays           ------------------------------         1996) Dollars
         Fiscal Year                                           ------------------------------                              -----------------------------
                                 Total      Direct     Grants     Total    Direct    Grants     Total    Direct    Grants     Total    Direct    Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940.........................      1,657      1,360        298     17.5      14.4       3.1       1.7       1.4       0.3      16.8      13.8       3.0
1941.........................      1,730      1,374        356     12.7      10.1       2.6       1.5       1.2       0.3      17.0      13.5       3.5
1942.........................      1,758      1,348        410      5.0       3.8       1.2       1.2       0.9       0.3      15.8      12.1       3.7
1943.........................      1,647      1,220        427      2.1       1.6       0.5       0.9       0.7       0.2      13.4       9.9       3.5
1944.........................      1,721      1,260        461      1.9       1.4       0.5       0.8       0.6       0.2      13.0       9.5       3.5

1945.........................      2,215      1,784        432      2.4       1.9       0.5       1.0       0.8       0.2      15.9      12.8       3.1
1946.........................      5,673      5,222        451     10.3       9.5       0.8       2.5       2.3       0.2      38.6      35.6       3.1
1947.........................      9,052      8,292        761     26.2      24.0       2.2       3.9       3.5       0.3      57.3      52.5       4.8
1948.........................      9,043      8,208        835     30.4      27.6       2.8       3.5       3.2       0.3      52.3      47.5       4.8
1949.........................     10,065      9,029      1,036     25.9      23.3       2.7       3.7       3.3       0.4      56.7      50.9       5.8

1950.........................     13,664     12,407      1,257     32.1      29.2       3.0       5.0       4.5       0.5      78.0      70.9       7.2
1951.........................     10,279      8,955      1,324     22.6      19.7       2.9       3.2       2.8       0.4      55.6      48.4       7.2
1952.........................     10,853      9,528      1,325     16.0      14.1       2.0       3.1       2.7       0.4      56.5      49.6       6.9
1953.........................     10,950      9,460      1,490     14.4      12.4       2.0       2.9       2.5       0.4      56.1      48.5       7.6
1954.........................     12,610     10,999      1,611     17.8      15.5       2.3       3.3       2.9       0.4      63.7      55.6       8.1

1955.........................     14,297     12,674      1,623     20.9      18.5       2.4       3.6       3.2       0.4      72.2      64.0       8.2
1956.........................     15,208     13,534      1,674     21.5      19.2       2.4       3.6       3.2       0.4      75.9      67.6       8.4
1957.........................     17,027     15,226      1,802     22.2      19.9       2.4       3.8       3.4       0.4      82.7      73.9       8.7
1958.........................     20,931     18,810      2,121     25.4      22.8       2.6       4.5       4.1       0.5      98.7      88.7      10.0
1959.........................     22,757     20,393      2,364     24.7      22.1       2.6       4.6       4.1       0.5     105.6      94.6      11.0

1960.........................     24,162     21,682      2,480     26.2      23.5       2.7       4.7       4.2       0.5     110.0      98.7      11.3
1961.........................     27,525     24,907      2,618     28.2      25.5       2.7       5.2       4.7       0.5     123.5     111.8      11.7
1962.........................     28,938     25,987      2,951     27.1      24.3       2.8       5.1       4.6       0.5     128.7     115.5      13.1
1963.........................     30,958     27,677      3,280     27.8      24.9       2.9       5.2       4.6       0.5     136.0     121.6      14.4
1964.........................     32,217     28,658      3,559     27.2      24.2       3.0       5.0       4.5       0.6     139.7     124.3      15.4

1965.........................     33,103     29,385      3,718     28.0      24.9       3.1       4.8       4.3       0.5     141.6     125.7      15.9
1966.........................     37,076     32,771      4,305     27.6      24.4       3.2       4.9       4.3       0.6     155.7     137.6      18.1
1967.........................     43,211     38,392      4,819     27.4      24.4       3.1       5.3       4.7       0.6     176.7     157.0      19.7
1968.........................     49,849     43,779      6,070     28.0      24.6       3.4       5.7       5.0       0.7     197.7     173.6      24.1
1969.........................     57,225     49,983      7,243     31.2      27.2       3.9       6.0       5.3       0.8     217.7     190.1      27.5

1970.........................     64,806     56,079      8,727     33.1      28.7       4.5       6.4       5.5       0.9     235.2     203.6      31.7
1971.........................     80,564     70,030     10,533     38.3      33.3       5.0       7.4       6.5       1.0     279.7     243.2      36.6
1972.........................     93,055     79,112     13,943     40.3      34.3       6.0       7.9       6.7       1.2     311.1     264.5      46.6
1973.........................    104,739     90,860     13,879     42.6      37.0       5.6       8.0       6.9       1.1     337.3     292.6      44.7
1974.........................    120,407    105,557     14,851     44.7      39.2       5.5       8.3       7.3       1.0     359.0     314.7      44.3

1975.........................    153,836    137,074     16,762     46.3      41.2       5.0       9.9       8.8       1.1     416.4     371.1      45.4
1976.........................    180,634    160,576     20,058     48.6      43.2       5.4      10.4       9.2       1.2     459.5     408.5      51.0
TQ...........................     45,534     40,449      5,085     47.4      42.1       5.3      10.0       8.9       1.1     112.3      99.7      12.5
1977.........................    196,978    174,268     22,710     48.1      42.6       5.5      10.0       8.8       1.2     465.6     411.9      53.7
1978.........................    211,761    186,967     24,795     46.2      40.8       5.4       9.5       8.4       1.1     468.3     413.5      54.8
1979.........................    233,837    206,276     27,561     46.4      40.9       5.5       9.3       8.2       1.1     477.3     421.1      56.3

1980.........................    278,530    245,879     32,652     47.1      41.6       5.5      10.2       9.0       1.2     514.1     453.8      60.3
1981.........................    325,216    286,808     38,408     47.9      42.3       5.7      10.6       9.4       1.3     548.1     483.4      64.7
1982.........................    358,342    319,139     39,202     48.1      42.8       5.3      11.1       9.9       1.2     567.9     505.7      62.1
1983.........................    396,933    353,953     42,980     49.1      43.8       5.3      11.5      10.3       1.2     601.8     536.6      65.2
1984.........................    401,868    355,866     46,001     47.2      41.8       5.4      10.5       9.3       1.2     586.8     519.7      67.2

1985.........................    428,051    377,961     50,090     45.2      39.9       5.3      10.3       9.1       1.2     604.6     533.8      70.7
1986.........................    452,069    397,049     55,020     45.6      40.1       5.6      10.3       9.0       1.3     621.0     545.4      75.6
1987.........................    472,079    413,541     58,538     47.0      41.2       5.8      10.2       8.9       1.3     628.2     550.3      77.9
1988.........................    501,661    438,238     63,422     47.1      41.2       6.0      10.0       8.7       1.3     642.0     560.8      81.2
1989.........................    537,374    468,683     68,691     47.0      41.0       6.0       9.9       8.7       1.3     659.0     574.8      84.2

1990.........................    585,669    506,958     78,711     46.7      40.5       6.3      10.2       8.8       1.4     688.5     596.1      92.5
1991.........................    652,029    557,412     94,617     49.2      42.1       7.1      11.0       9.4       1.6     734.3     627.7     106.6
1992.........................    729,831    615,140    114,691     52.8      44.5       8.3      11.7       9.9       1.8     797.6     672.3     125.3
1993.........................    785,046    658,121    126,925     55.7      46.7       9.0      12.0      10.0       1.9     836.4     701.2     135.2
1994.........................    824,850    686,588    138,262     56.4      47.0       9.5      11.9       9.9       2.0     861.5     717.0     144.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See note at end of table.


[[Page 185]]


                              Table 11.1--SUMMARY COMPARISON OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    In Millions of Dollars         As Percentages of Total        As Percentages of GDP      In Billions of Constant (FY
                              ---------------------------------            Outlays           ------------------------------         1996) Dollars
         Fiscal Year                                           ------------------------------                              -----------------------------
                                 Total      Direct     Grants     Total    Direct    Grants     Total    Direct    Grants     Total    Direct    Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995.........................    877,467    728,430    149,037     57.9      48.1       9.8      12.0       9.9       2.0     895.7     743.6     152.1
1996.........................    912,779    761,490    151,289     58.5      48.8       9.7      11.9       9.9       2.0     912.8     761.5     151.3
1997.........................    953,800    800,906    152,894     59.6      50.0       9.5      11.7       9.8       1.9     933.9     784.2     149.7
1998.........................    981,625    817,683    163,942     59.4      49.5       9.9      11.3       9.4       1.9     949.9     791.3     158.6
1999.........................  1,001,554    825,711    175,843     58.8      48.5      10.3      11.0       9.0       1.9     955.7     787.9     167.8

2000.........................  1,054,354    867,564    186,790     58.9      48.5      10.4      10.8       8.9       1.9     982.3     808.3     174.0
2001.........................  1,128,273    920,235    208,038     60.5      49.4      11.2      11.3       9.2       2.1   1,027.7     838.3     189.5
2002.........................  1,244,335  1,012,711    231,624     61.9      50.4      11.5      12.0       9.8       2.2   1,119.2     911.0     208.4
2003 estimate................  1,347,920  1,096,572    251,348     63.0      51.2      11.7      12.5      10.2       2.3   1,186.2     965.1     221.2
2004 estimate................  1,382,348  1,117,614    264,734     62.0      50.1      11.9      12.2       9.9       2.3   1,192.7     964.4     228.4

2005 estimate................  1,458,034  1,172,007    286,027     62.2      50.0      12.2      12.3       9.9       2.4   1,232.3     990.5     241.7
2006 estimate................  1,540,501  1,235,197    305,304     62.5      50.1      12.4      12.3       9.9       2.4   1,275.1   1,022.4     252.7
2007 estimate................  1,616,927  1,292,445    324,482     62.8      50.2      12.6      12.3       9.9       2.5   1,309.6   1,046.8     262.8
2008 estimate................  1,710,240  1,364,845    345,395     63.1      50.4      12.7      12.4       9.9       2.5   1,355.4   1,081.8     273.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Includes both on and off-budget Federal outlays. Off-budget social security payments for individuals are shown separately in Table 11.2.



[[Page 186]]

 
                                  Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1940        1941        1942        1943        1944        1945        1946        1947        1948
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................          3           3           4           4           4           5           5           9          11
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         10          10          11          14          18          20          22          22          24
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................        753         724         663         479         392         465       1,690       1,476       1,473
  650 Social security.......................         16          64         110         149         185         240         321         426         512
  700 Veterans benefits and services........        578         573         561         574         661       1,054       3,185       6,358       6,188
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          *           *
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.      1,360       1,374       1,348       1,220       1,260       1,784       5,222       8,292       8,208
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         18          20          22          20          20          20          22          33          29
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................        279         334         386         405         440         410         428         726         804
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........          1           1           1           1           1           1           1           2           2
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for                 298         356         410         427         461         432         451         761         835
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................          3           3           4           4           4           5           5           9          11
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         27          30          33          34          38          40          44          56          54
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      1,032       1,058       1,049         884         832         875       2,118       2,202       2,277
  650 Social security.......................         16          64         110         149         185         240         321         426         512
  700 Veterans benefits and services........        579         574         562         575         662       1,055       3,186       6,360       6,190
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          *           *
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........      1,657       1,730       1,758       1,647       1,721       2,215       5,673       9,052       9,043
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 187]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1949        1950        1951        1952        1953        1954        1955        1956        1957
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         12          13          16          16          18          18          20          24          25
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         37          45          50          54          61          65          66          75          89
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      2,002       2,798       1,835       2,104       2,254       3,171       3,573       3,134       3,565
  650 Social security.......................        607         727       1,498       1,982       2,627       3,275       4,333       5,361       6,515
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      6,371       8,824       5,556       5,371       4,500       4,469       4,682       4,941       5,032
  750 Administration of justice.............          *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.      9,029      12,407       8,955       9,528       9,460      10,999      12,674      13,534      15,226
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         34          40          45          47          48          42          41          50          55
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................        999       1,214       1,275       1,274       1,439       1,566       1,576       1,619       1,741
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........          3           3           4           4           4           4           5           6           6
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for               1,036       1,257       1,324       1,325       1,490       1,611       1,623       1,674       1,802
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         12          13          16          16          18          18          20          24          25
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         71          85          95         102         109         107         107         125         144
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      3,001       4,012       3,110       3,378       3,693       4,737       5,149       4,753       5,306
  650 Social security.......................        607         727       1,498       1,982       2,627       3,275       4,333       5,361       6,515
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      6,374       8,827       5,559       5,374       4,503       4,473       4,687       4,946       5,038
  750 Administration of justice.............          *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........     10,065      13,664      10,279      10,853      10,950      12,610      14,297      15,208      17,027
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 188]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1958        1959        1960        1961        1962        1963        1964        1965        1966
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         26          28          29          30          31          32          34          37          41
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         45
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................        102         113         119         127         126         134         152         154         198
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      5,335       5,353       4,788       6,890       6,166       6,165       6,335       6,128       6,180
  650 Social security.......................      8,043       9,510      11,395      12,203      14,050      15,459      16,250      17,081      20,264
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      5,304       5,389       5,350       5,657       5,614       5,887       5,887       5,984       6,042
  750 Administration of justice.............          *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *           1
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.     18,810      20,393      21,682      24,907      25,987      27,677      28,658      29,385      32,771
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................         61          64          56          87         188         249         329         420         956
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      2,054       2,294       2,418       2,523       2,756       3,024       3,222       3,290       3,340
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........          6           6           6           8           7           7           8           8           9
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for               2,121       2,364       2,480       2,618       2,951       3,280       3,559       3,718       4,305
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         26          28          29          30          31          32          34          37          41
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         45
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................        163         177         175         214         314         383         482         575       1,154
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      7,389       7,646       7,206       9,413       8,922       9,189       9,557       9,417       9,520
  650 Social security.......................      8,043       9,510      11,395      12,203      14,050      15,459      16,250      17,081      20,264
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      5,310       5,395       5,356       5,665       5,622       5,895       5,894       5,992       6,051
  750 Administration of justice.............          *           *           *           *           *           *           *           *           1
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........     20,931      22,757      24,162      27,525      28,938      30,958      32,217      33,103      37,076
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 189]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1967        1968        1969        1970        1971        1972        1973        1974        1975
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         45          48          53          59          65          71          76          86         105
  500 Education, training, employment, and          226         460         570         503         904       1,067       1,199       1,054       1,582
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................        248         191         262         348         427         433         497         499         631
  570 Medicare..............................      3,172       5,126       6,299       6,784       7,478       8,364       9,040      10,680      14,121
  600 Income security.......................      6,680       7,573       8,326       9,935      15,925      18,633      19,398      24,792      40,584
  650 Social security.......................     21,293      23,299      26,705      29,651      35,132      39,364      48,176      54,990      63,558
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      6,729       7,082       7,767       8,799      10,098      11,180      12,472      13,454      16,490
  750 Administration of justice.............          1           1           1           1           1           1           2           1           4
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.     38,392      43,779      49,983      56,079      70,030      79,112      90,860     105,557     137,074
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and    ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         22
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................      1,430       2,119       2,694       3,187       3,842       5,301       5,439       6,651       7,998
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      3,379       3,940       4,535       5,523       6,672       8,624       8,421       8,175       8,716
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........          9          11          14          17          18          18          20          25          26
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for               4,819       6,070       7,243       8,727      10,533      13,943      13,879      14,851      16,762
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................         45          48          53          59          65          71          76          86         105
  500 Education, training, employment, and          226         460         570         503         904       1,067       1,199       1,054       1,604
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................      1,678       2,310       2,956       3,534       4,270       5,734       5,936       7,149       8,628
  570 Medicare..............................      3,172       5,126       6,299       6,784       7,478       8,364       9,040      10,680      14,121
  600 Income security.......................     10,059      11,512      12,861      15,458      22,598      27,257      27,818      32,967      49,300
  650 Social security.......................     21,293      23,299      26,705      29,651      35,132      39,364      48,176      54,990      63,558
  700 Veterans benefits and services........      6,737       7,093       7,781       8,816      10,116      11,198      12,492      13,479      16,516
  750 Administration of justice.............          1           1           1           1           1           1           2           1           4
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........     43,211      49,849      57,225      64,806      80,564      93,055     104,739     120,407     153,836
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 190]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1976         TQ         1977        1978        1979        1980        1981        1982        1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................        122          33         140         156         174         207         239         258         292
  500 Education, training, employment, and        2,359         590       2,657       3,004       3,706       5,011       6,087       5,701       6,550
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................        719         183         842         892       1,003       1,261       1,262       1,776       1,602
  570 Medicare..............................     16,942       4,584      20,779      24,275      28,160      33,954      41,267      49,167      55,499
  600 Income security.......................     49,375      11,537      48,070      47,342      50,897      67,156      77,236      84,418      96,602
  650 Social security.......................     72,702      19,458      83,698      92,447     102,594     117,065     137,881     153,917     168,513
  700 Veterans benefits and services........     18,270       4,010      17,953      18,688      19,484      20,897      22,502      23,637      24,652
  750 Administration of justice.............         88          53         128         162         259         326         332         267         244
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.    160,576      40,449     174,268     186,967     206,276     245,879     286,808     319,139     353,953
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and           35           6          62          56          62          78          78          57          51
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................     10,009       2,526      11,087      12,103      13,914      15,551      18,466      18,638      19,921
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................      9,983       2,546      11,514      12,596      13,535      16,973      19,814      20,451      22,952
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........         31           8          48          41          49          49          50          57          57
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for              20,058       5,085      22,710      24,795      27,561      32,652      38,408      39,202      42,980
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................        122          33         140         156         174         207         239         258         292
  500 Education, training, employment, and        2,394         595       2,719       3,059       3,767       5,089       6,166       5,758       6,601
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................     10,727       2,709      11,929      12,994      14,917      16,813      19,728      20,414      21,522
  570 Medicare..............................     16,942       4,584      20,779      24,275      28,160      33,954      41,267      49,167      55,499
  600 Income security.......................     59,358      14,083      59,584      59,938      64,432      84,129      97,051     104,868     119,554
  650 Social security.......................     72,702      19,458      83,698      92,447     102,594     117,065     137,881     153,917     168,513
  700 Veterans benefits and services........     18,301       4,018      18,001      18,729      19,533      20,947      22,552      23,694      24,709
  750 Administration of justice.............         88          53         128         162         259         326         332         267         244
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........    180,634      45,534     196,978     211,761     233,837     278,530     325,216     358,342     396,933
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 191]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category and Function                1984        1985        1986        1987        1988        1989        1990        1991        1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         44
  150 International affairs.................         46         102         125         138         137         143         145         150         169
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................        311         299         336         350         360         386         402         457         461
  500 Education, training, employment, and        6,921       7,623       7,828       7,264       7,934       9,695      10,223      11,061      10,258
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................      1,147       1,184       1,181       1,090       1,312       1,321       1,474       1,797       2,580
  570 Medicare..............................     60,951      69,649      74,184      79,913      85,704      94,299     107,410     114,219     129,411
  600 Income security.......................     85,112      86,626      90,301      92,782      97,520     103,187     112,198     131,691     153,939
  650 Social security.......................    176,053     186,432     196,547     205,105     216,808     230,138     246,350     266,482     284,918
  700 Veterans benefits and services........     25,047      25,735      26,229      26,570      28,141      29,188      28,427      30,655      32,477
  750 Administration of justice.............        279         311         316         329         323         325         329         399         384
  800 General government....................          *           *   ..........          *           *           *           *         500         500
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.    355,866     377,961     397,049     413,541     438,238     468,683     506,958     557,412     615,140
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for
 Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and           70          76          82          66          68          68          73          60          73
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................     21,587      24,193      26,567      29,186      32,260      36,355      43,485      55,389      70,964
  570 Medicare..............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security.......................     24,286      25,737      28,289      29,192      30,988      32,144      35,022      39,030      43,499
  650 Social security.......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services........         59          84          81          94         106         125         131         138         155
  750 Administration of justice.............  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government....................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for              46,001      50,090      55,020      58,538      63,422      68,691      78,711      94,617     114,691
       individuals..........................
                                             ===========================================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense......................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........         44
  150 International affairs.................         46         102         125         138         137         143         145         150         169
  300 Natural resources and environment.....  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture...........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation........................        311         299         336         350         360         386         402         457         461
  500 Education, training, employment, and        6,990       7,699       7,910       7,331       8,002       9,763      10,297      11,121      10,331
   social services..........................
  550 Health................................     22,734      25,377      27,749      30,276      33,572      37,676      44,959      57,187      73,544
  570 Medicare..............................     60,951      69,649      74,184      79,913      85,704      94,299     107,410     114,219     129,411
  600 Income security.......................    109,398     112,363     118,589     121,974     128,508     135,331     147,220     170,721     197,438
  650 Social security.......................    176,053     186,432     196,547     205,105     216,808     230,138     246,350     266,482     284,918
  700 Veterans benefits and services........     25,106      25,819      26,311      26,664      28,247      29,312      28,558      30,794      32,632
  750 Administration of justice.............        279         311         316         329         323         325         329         399         384
  800 General government....................          *           *   ..........          *           *           *           *         500         500
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals........    401,868     428,051     452,069     472,079     501,661     537,374     585,669     652,029     729,831
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 192]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Category and Function                      1993        1994        1995        1996        1997        1998        1999        2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................         89          91          44          30          22          21          19          18
  150 International affairs.............................        212         239         301         279         247         251         272         303
  300 Natural resources and environment.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          5          11           8
  350 Agriculture.......................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          3           7           2
  400 Transportation....................................        505         512         547         569         623         647         669         713
  500 Education, training, employment, and social            13,161       6,912      13,003      11,049      11,191      11,039       9,718       8,900
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................      3,243       3,822       3,278       3,328       4,667       4,159       4,667       5,284
  570 Medicare..........................................    143,147     159,542     177,074     191,265     207,308     210,327     208,470     215,145
  600 Income security...................................    161,508     161,741     164,105     171,809     175,644     174,755     173,065     185,185
  650 Social security...................................    301,643     316,676     332,985     346,820     362,058     375,830     386,686     405,867
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................     33,661      36,510      36,588      35,987      38,754      40,209      41,717      45,688
  750 Administration of justice.........................        451         457         495         348         385         402         404         451
  800 General government................................        500          87          10           6           7          35           6   ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.............    658,121     686,588     728,430     761,490     800,906     817,683     825,711     867,564
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture.......................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation....................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and social               656         940       1,033         897         871         881         902         925
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................     79,207      85,630      92,949      96,835      98,254     105,066     112,269     123,100
  570 Medicare..........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security...................................     46,877      51,494      54,805      53,293      53,498      57,710      62,359      62,343
  650 Social security...................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................        185         197         250         264         271         285         313         422
  750 Administration of justice.........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for individuals.........    126,925     138,262     149,037     151,289     152,894     163,942     175,843     186,790
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................         89          91          44          30          22          21          19          18
  150 International affairs.............................        212         239         301         279         247         251         272         303
  300 Natural resources and environment.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          5          11           8
  350 Agriculture.......................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........          3           7           2
  400 Transportation....................................        505         512         547         569         623         647         669         713
  500 Education, training, employment, and social            13,818       7,852      14,036      11,946      12,062      11,920      10,620       9,825
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................     82,450      89,452      96,227     100,163     102,921     109,225     116,936     128,384
  570 Medicare..........................................    143,147     159,542     177,074     191,265     207,308     210,327     208,470     215,145
  600 Income security...................................    208,386     213,236     218,910     225,102     229,142     232,465     235,424     247,528
  650 Social security...................................    301,643     316,676     332,985     346,820     362,058     375,830     386,686     405,867
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................     33,846      36,707      36,838      36,251      39,025      40,494      42,030      46,110
  750 Administration of justice.........................        451         457         495         348         385         402         404         451
  800 General government................................        500          87          10           6           7          35           6   ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals....................    785,046     824,850     877,467     912,779     953,800     981,625   1,001,554   1,054,354
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 193]]


                            Table 11.2--FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     2003        2004        2005        2006        2007        2008
                  Category and Function                      2001        2002      estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate    estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Direct Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................         52         549         862         508         369         282         228         200
  150 International affairs.............................        299         361         276         317         361         354         362         370
  300 Natural resources and environment.................          7           6           4           4           4           4           4           4
  350 Agriculture.......................................          1   ..........          2           2   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation....................................        770         808         880       1,000       1,020       1,037       1,057       1,077
  500 Education, training, employment, and social             7,985      14,757      19,756      17,913      17,763      17,846      18,106      18,516
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................      5,962       6,497      11,162      12,105      16,339      21,534      23,172      24,301
  570 Medicare..........................................    236,882     252,674     268,150     285,057     303,818     334,458     358,703     383,000
  600 Income security...................................    193,271     232,852     261,483     243,488     253,919     260,003     266,114     279,071
  650 Social security...................................    429,181     451,885     474,302     492,822     511,417     532,911     558,493     586,970
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................     45,075      51,659      56,537      61,703      66,662      66,427      65,857      70,978
  750 Administration of justice.........................        518         517       3,135       2,695         335         341         349         358
  800 General government................................        232         146          23   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total direct payments for individuals.............    920,235   1,012,711   1,096,572   1,117,614   1,172,007   1,235,197   1,292,445   1,364,845
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Grants to States for Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  150 International affairs.............................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  300 Natural resources and environment.................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  350 Agriculture.......................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation....................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  500 Education, training, employment, and social             1,008       1,184       1,359       1,359       1,377       1,404       1,433       1,468
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................    137,047     155,878     172,218     190,297     204,249     221,901     239,453     259,585
  570 Medicare..........................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  600 Income security...................................     69,595      74,201      77,334      72,564      79,876      81,462      83,045      83,777
  650 Social security...................................  ..........          1          14          29          30          32          34          36
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................        388         360         423         485         495         505         517         529
  750 Administration of justice.........................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  800 General government................................  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total grants for payments for individuals.........    208,038     231,624     251,348     264,734     286,027     305,304     324,482     345,395
                                                         ===============================================================================================
Total Payments for Individuals:
  050 National defense..................................         52         549         862         508         369         282         228         200
  150 International affairs.............................        299         361         276         317         361         354         362         370
  300 Natural resources and environment.................          7           6           4           4           4           4           4           4
  350 Agriculture.......................................          1   ..........          2           2   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
  400 Transportation....................................        770         808         880       1,000       1,020       1,037       1,057       1,077
  500 Education, training, employment, and social             8,993      15,941      21,115      19,272      19,140      19,250      19,539      19,984
   services.............................................
  550 Health............................................    143,009     162,375     183,380     202,402     220,588     243,435     262,625     283,886
  570 Medicare..........................................    236,882     252,674     268,150     285,057     303,818     334,458     358,703     383,000
  600 Income security...................................    262,866     307,053     338,817     316,052     333,795     341,465     349,159     362,848
  650 Social security...................................    429,181     451,886     474,316     492,851     511,447     532,943     558,527     587,006
  700 Veterans benefits and services....................     45,463      52,019      56,960      62,188      67,157      66,932      66,374      71,507
  750 Administration of justice.........................        518         517       3,135       2,695         335         341         349         358
  800 General government................................        232         146          23   ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........  ..........
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total payments for individuals....................  1,128,273   1,244,335   1,347,920   1,382,348   1,458,034   1,540,501   1,616,927   1,710,240
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
Note: Includes both on and off-budget outlays. All social security payments for individuals are off-budget.



[[Page 194]]

 
                                Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1940                             1941                             1942
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...         16         16  .........         64         64  .........        110        110  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        113        113  .........        121        121  .........        126        126  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...        129        129  .........        186        186  .........        237        237  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................         60         60  .........         65         65  .........         70         70  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................         68         68  .........         74         74  .........         78         78  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............        244        244  .........        247        247  .........        246        246  .........
  Other..............................................         17         17  .........         16         16  .........         16         16  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance        389        389  .........        402        402  .........        410        410  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................        498        498  .........        451        451  .........        377        377  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................          6          6  .........          6          6  .........          6          6  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............         69         68          1         73         72          1         81         79          1
  Health resources and services......................         21          3         18         24          3         20         25          4         22
  Other..............................................          1          1  .........          1          1  .........          1          1  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................         97         78         18        104         82         21        113         90         23
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
Housing assistance...................................  .........  .........  .........          5  .........          5         10  .........         10
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........        279  .........        279        330  .........        330        376  .........        376
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        185        185  .........        186        186  .........        185        185  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....        464        185        279        516        186        330        561        185        376
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............          4          4  .........          4          4  .........          5          5  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         76         76  .........         63         63  .........         45         45  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........         80         80  .........         67         67  .........         50         50  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................      1,657      1,360        298      1,730      1,374        356      1,758      1,348        410
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 195]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1943                             1944                             1945
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...        149        149  .........        185        185  .........        240        240  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        130        130  .........        134        134  .........        141        141  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...        280        280  .........        319        319  .........        381        381  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................         75         75  .........         80         80  .........         85         85  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................         85         85  .........        105        105  .........        154        154  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............        251        251  .........        365        365  .........        497        497  .........
  Other..............................................         16         16  .........         17         17  .........         18         18  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance        428        428  .........        567        567  .........        754        754  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................        176        176  .........         61         61  .........         71         71  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................          6          6  .........          6          6  .........          5          5  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............         87         85          1         97         96          1        131        129          1
  Health resources and services......................         27          7         20         30         10         20         33         12         20
  Other..............................................          2          2  .........          2          2  .........          2          2  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        121        100         21        136        114         22        171        149         22
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
Housing assistance...................................         10  .........         10         10  .........         10          9  .........          9
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........        395  .........        395        430  .........        430        401  .........        401
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        191        191  .........        130        130  .........        235        235  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....        586        191        395        560        130        430        636        235        401
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............         15         15  .........         36         36  .........        168        168  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         31         31  .........         34         34  .........         25         25  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........         46         46  .........         70         70  .........        193        193  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................      1,647      1,220        427      1,721      1,260        461      2,215      1,784        432
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 196]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1946                             1947                             1948
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...        321        321  .........        426        426  .........        512        512  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        152        152  .........        173        173  .........        222        222  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...        472        472  .........        599        599  .........        734        734  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................         93         93  .........        122        122  .........        136        136  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        287        287  .........        296        296  .........        243        243  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............        942        942  .........      1,400      1,400  .........      1,434      1,434  .........
  Other..............................................         17         17  .........         25         25  .........         26         26  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      1,340      1,340  .........      1,844      1,844  .........      1,839      1,839  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      1,145      1,145  .........        869        869  .........        858        858  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................          6          6  .........          6          6  .........          7          7  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        253        252          1        516        515          2        559        557          2
  Health resources and services......................         34         12         22         47         14         33         44         15         29
  Other..............................................          3          3  .........          2          2  .........          2          2  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        296        274         23        571        536         35        612        581         31
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,342      1,342  .........      3,566      3,566  .........      3,174      3,174  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      1,342      1,342  .........      3,566      3,566  .........      3,174      3,174  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................          7  .........          7          6  .........          6          3  .........          3
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........  .........  .........  .........         76  .........         76         68  .........         68
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............  .........  .........  .........         76  .........         76         68  .........         68
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........        421  .........        421        644  .........        644        732  .........        732
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        275        275  .........        332        332  .........        386        386  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....        696        275        421        976        332        644      1,118        386        732
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        324        324  .........        479        479  .........        567        567  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         50         50  .........         67         67  .........         70         70  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        374        374  .........        546        546  .........        637        637  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................      5,673      5,222        451      9,052      8,292        761      9,043      8,208        835
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 197]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1949                             1950                             1951
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...        607        607  .........        727        727  .........      1,498      1,498  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        278        278  .........        300        300  .........        317        317  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...        885        885  .........      1,027      1,027  .........      1,815      1,815  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................        162        162  .........        195        195  .........        324        324  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        220        220  .........        267        267  .........        269        269  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      1,467      1,467  .........      1,533      1,533  .........      1,516      1,516  .........
  Other..............................................         27         27  .........         38         38  .........         44         44  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      1,877      1,877  .........      2,032      2,032  .........      2,153      2,153  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      1,327      1,327  .........      2,013      2,013  .........        898        898  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................         11         11  .........         12         12  .........         15         15  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        620        617          3        764        761          3        744        741          4
  Health resources and services......................         55         24         31         64         27         36         73         31         42
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........          3  .........          3          3  .........          3          3  .........          3
  Other..............................................          2          2  .........          5          5  .........          4          4  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        690        653         37        848        805         43        838        790         48
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      3,207      3,207  .........      2,739      2,739  .........      1,953      1,953  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      3,207      3,207  .........      2,739      2,739  .........      1,953      1,953  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................          3  .........          3          7  .........          7          7  .........          7
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........         75  .........         75         83  .........         83         83  .........         83
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............         75  .........         75         83  .........         83         83  .........         83
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........        921  .........        921      1,123  .........      1,123      1,186  .........      1,186
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        424        424  .........        476        476  .........        520        520  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      1,345        424        921      1,599        476      1,123      1,706        520      1,186
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        594        594  .........      3,202      3,202  .........        749        749  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         62         62  .........        114        114  .........         77         77  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        656        656  .........      3,315      3,315  .........        826        826  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     10,065      9,029      1,036     13,664     12,407      1,257     10,279      8,955      1,324
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 198]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1952                             1953                             1954
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...      1,982      1,982  .........      2,627      2,627  .........      3,275      3,275  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        385        385  .........        459        459  .........        496        496  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...      2,367      2,367  .........      3,087      3,087  .........      3,771      3,771  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................        329        329  .........        358        358  .........        386        386  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        299        299  .........        361        361  .........        409        409  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      1,545      1,545  .........      1,713      1,713  .........      1,731      1,731  .........
  Other..............................................         52         52  .........         61         61  .........         63         63  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      2,225      2,225  .........      2,493      2,493  .........      2,589      2,589  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      1,057      1,057  .........      1,034      1,034  .........      1,836      1,836  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................         16         16  .........         20         20  .........         21         21  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        783        779          4        755        752          4        675        672          4
  Health resources and services......................         78         34         44         82         37         44         77         37         40
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........          3  .........          3          3  .........          3          2  .........          2
  Other..............................................          3          3  .........          3          3  .........          6          6  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        883        832         51        863        812         51        781        736         46
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,326      1,326  .........        668        668  .........        546        546  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      1,326      1,326  .........        668        668  .........        546        546  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................         12  .........         12         26  .........         26         44  .........         44
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........         84  .........         84         83  .........         83         84  .........         84
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............         84  .........         84         83  .........         83         84  .........         84
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      1,178  .........      1,178      1,330  .........      1,330      1,438  .........      1,438
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        558        558  .........        660        660  .........        716        716  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      1,735        558      1,178      1,990        660      1,330      2,153        716      1,438
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,082      1,082  .........        625        625  .........        658        658  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         82         82  .........         82         82  .........        147        147  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      1,163      1,163  .........        707        707  .........        805        805  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     10,853      9,528      1,325     10,950      9,460      1,490     12,610     10,999      1,611
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 199]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1955                             1956                             1957
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...      4,333      4,333  .........      5,361      5,361  .........      6,515      6,515  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        579        579  .........        604        604  .........        675        675  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...      4,912      4,912  .........      5,965      5,965  .........      7,190      7,190  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................        419        419  .........        477        477  .........        511        511  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        428        428  .........        504        504  .........        588        588  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      1,828      1,828  .........      1,864      1,864  .........      1,876      1,876  .........
  Other..............................................         71         71  .........         77         77  .........         84         84  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      2,746      2,746  .........      2,922      2,922  .........      3,059      3,059  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      2,099      2,099  .........      1,498      1,498  .........      1,729      1,729  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................         25         25  .........         32         32  .........         39         39  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        706        700          5        768        762          6        780        774          6
  Health resources and services......................         75         36         39         84         38         47         94         43         51
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........          2  .........          2          3  .........          3          4  .........          4
  Other..............................................          4          4  .........          4          4  .........          5          5  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        811        765         46        891        836         55        922        861         61
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................        678        678  .........        781        781  .........        787        787  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................        678        678  .........        781        781  .........        787        787  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................         67  .........         67         82  .........         82         91          4         87
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........         83  .........         83         82  .........         82         98  .........         98
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............         83  .........         83         82  .........         82         98  .........         98
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      1,427  .........      1,427      1,455  .........      1,455      1,556  .........      1,556
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............        800        800  .........        883        883  .........        950        950  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      2,227        800      1,427      2,338        883      1,455      2,507        950      1,556
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        590        590  .........        564        564  .........        559        559  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         84         84  .........         87         87  .........         86         86  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        674        674  .........        651        651  .........        645        645  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     14,297     12,674      1,623     15,208     13,534      1,674     17,027     15,226      1,802
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 200]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1958                             1959                             1960
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...      7,875      7,875  .........      9,171      9,171  .........     10,867     10,867  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............        168        168  .........        339        339  .........        528        528  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        721        721  .........        644        644  .........        343        343  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...      8,764      8,764  .........     10,153     10,153  .........     11,738     11,738  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................        562        562  .........        641        641  .........        694        694  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        696        696  .........        783        783  .........        893        893  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      2,024      2,024  .........      2,071      2,071  .........      2,049      2,049  .........
  Other..............................................         90         90  .........        103        103  .........         95         95  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      3,372      3,372  .........      3,597      3,597  .........      3,730      3,730  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      3,288      3,288  .........      3,206      3,206  .........      2,782      2,782  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Indian health......................................         41         41  .........         47         47  .........         55         55  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        832        826          6        894        887          6        931        925          6
  Health resources and services......................        108         52         56        118         60         58        109         58         51
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........          6  .........          6          6  .........          6          5          *          5
  Other..............................................          8          8  .........          5          5  .........          4          4  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................        993        926         67      1,069        999         70      1,104      1,043         62
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................        711        711  .........        585        585  .........        392        392  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................        711        711  .........        585        585  .........        392        392  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................         99          4         95        117          6        111        140         13        127
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        165  .........        165        216  .........        216        232          *        232
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............        165  .........        165        216  .........        216        232          *        232
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      1,795  .........      1,795      1,966  .........      1,966      2,059          *      2,059
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      1,036      1,036  .........      1,153      1,153  .........      1,263      1,263  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      2,831      1,036      1,795      3,119      1,153      1,966      3,322      1,263      2,059
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        588        588  .........        614        614  .........        637        637  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        120        120  .........         80         80  .........         83         83  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        708        708  .........        693        693  .........        720        720  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     20,931     18,810      2,121     22,757     20,393      2,364     24,162     21,682      2,480
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 201]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1961                             1962                             1963
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     11,494     11,494  .........     13,027     13,027  .........     14,268     14,268  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............        709        709  .........      1,022      1,022  .........      1,190      1,190  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        645        645  .........        652        652  .........        622        622  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     12,848     12,848  .........     14,702     14,702  .........     16,080     16,080  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................        786        786  .........        894        894  .........      1,015      1,015  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................        951        951  .........      1,060      1,060  .........      1,178      1,178  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      2,034      2,034  .........      2,019      2,019  .........      2,118      2,118  .........
  Other..............................................         99         99  .........        103        103  .........        110        110  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      3,871      3,871  .........      4,076      4,076  .........      4,420      4,420  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      4,426      4,426  .........      3,475      3,475  .........      3,212      3,212  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicaid...........................................         23  .........         23        103  .........        103        157  .........        157
  Indian health......................................         58         58  .........         62         62  .........         62         62  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............        996        988          8      1,043      1,035          7      1,102      1,094          7
  Health resources and services......................        118         62         56        128         53         75        139         55         84
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........          8         -*          8         11          2         10         11          4          7
  Other..............................................          5          5  .........          8          8  .........          7          7  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................      1,208      1,114         95      1,354      1,159        195      1,479      1,223        256
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................        246        246  .........        151        151  .........         95         95  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................        246        246  .........        151        151  .........         95         95  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................        155         15        140        167         13        154        182         11        170
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........  .........  .........  .........         14  .........         14         20          1         19
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        239          *        239        261          3        258        263          1        262
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............        239          *        239        275          3        272        284          2        281
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      2,144          *      2,144      2,329  .........      2,329      2,572  .........      2,572
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      1,532      1,532  .........      1,635      1,635  .........      1,698      1,698  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      3,676      1,532      2,144      3,964      1,635      2,329      4,271      1,698      2,572
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        763        763  .........        672        672  .........        798        798  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................         94         94  .........        102        102  .........        137        137  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        857        857  .........        774        774  .........        935        935  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     27,525     24,907      2,618     28,938     25,987      2,951     30,958     27,677      3,280
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 202]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1964                             1965                             1966
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     14,981     14,981  .........     15,665     15,665  .........     18,516     18,516  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............      1,269      1,269  .........      1,416      1,416  .........      1,748      1,748  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        671        671  .........        657        657  .........        725        725  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     16,920     16,920  .........     17,738     17,738  .........     20,989     20,989  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      1,209      1,209  .........      1,384      1,384  .........      1,591      1,591  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................      1,320      1,320  .........      1,440      1,440  .........      1,687      1,687  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      2,159      2,159  .........      2,177      2,177  .........      2,222      2,222  .........
  Other..............................................        108        108  .........        106        106  .........        107        107  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      4,796      4,796  .........      5,107      5,107  .........      5,608      5,608  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      3,012      3,012  .........      2,537      2,537  .........      2,068      2,068  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicaid...........................................        210  .........        210        272  .........        272        770  .........        770
  Indian health......................................         66         66  .........         71         71  .........         75         75  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      1,182      1,174          8      1,218      1,210          8      1,266      1,257          9
  Health resources and services......................        178         68        110        205         68        137        276        102        174
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........         13          3         10          9         -2         11         15          3         12
  Other..............................................          9          9  .........         10         10  .........         11         11  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................      1,657      1,321        337      1,786      1,358        428      2,413      1,449        965
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................         70         70  .........         52         52  .........         48         48  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         45         45  .........
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................         70         70  .........         52         52  .........         94         94  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................        193         11        183        219         11        208        239         13        226
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........         30          1         29         34          3         32         69          4         65
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        278          2        276        265          2        263        294          2        291
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............        308          3        305        299          5        295        363          6        357
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      2,734  .........      2,734      2,787  .........      2,787      2,758  .........      2,758
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      1,743      1,743  .........      1,864      1,864  .........      1,910      1,910  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      4,477      1,743      2,734      4,651      1,864      2,787      4,668      1,910      2,758
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        638        638  .........        605        605  .........        555        555  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        145        145  .........        108        108  .........         79         79  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        783        783  .........        714        714  .........        634        634  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     32,217     28,658      3,559     33,103     29,385      3,718     37,076     32,771      4,305
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 203]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1967                             1968                             1969
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     19,395     19,395  .........     21,175     21,175  .........     24,225     24,225  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............      1,898      1,898  .........      2,124      2,124  .........      2,480      2,480  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........        719        719  .........        930        930  .........      1,020      1,020  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     22,011     22,011  .........     24,229     24,229  .........     27,725     27,725  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      1,830      1,830  .........      2,095      2,095  .........      2,444      2,444  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................      1,962      1,962  .........      2,136      2,136  .........      2,403      2,403  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      2,311      2,311  .........      2,469      2,469  .........      2,663      2,663  .........
  Other..............................................        121        121  .........        134        134  .........        149        149  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      6,225      6,225  .........      6,834      6,834  .........      7,659      7,659  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      2,042      2,042  .........      2,270      2,270  .........      2,297      2,297  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................      2,508      2,508  .........      3,736      3,736  .........      4,654      4,654  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........        664        664  .........      1,390      1,390  .........      1,645      1,645  .........
  Medicaid...........................................      1,173  .........      1,173      1,806          *      1,806      2,285  .........      2,285
  Indian health......................................         83         83  .........         94         94  .........        107        107  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      1,331      1,322          9      1,410      1,399         11      1,498      1,483         14
  Health resources and services......................        381        134        246        350         58        293        488        109        379
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........         23         12         11         39         18         21         52         22         30
  Other..............................................         10         10  .........         11         11  .........         12         12  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................      6,173      4,734      1,439      8,835      6,705      2,130     10,739      8,031      2,708
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................        300        300  .........        470        470  .........        691        691  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and            226        226  .........        460        460  .........        570        570  .........
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................        526        526  .........        930        930  .........      1,261      1,261  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................        257          7        251        281         -3        284        342         -5        346
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........        114          8        106        185         14        171        248         13        234
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        304          2        302        321          3        318        339          3        336
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............        418         10        408        505         16        489        587         16        570
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      2,720  .........      2,720      3,166  .........      3,166      3,618  .........      3,618
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      1,893      1,893  .........      2,048      2,048  .........      2,149      2,149  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      4,613      1,893      2,720      5,215      2,048      3,166      5,767      2,149      3,618
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        814        814  .........        621        621  .........        699        699  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        130        130  .........        130        130  .........        150        150  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        944        944  .........        751        751  .........        848        848  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     43,211     38,392      4,819     49,849     43,779      6,070     57,225     49,983      7,243
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 204]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1970                             1971                             1972
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     26,846     26,846  .........     31,716     31,716  .........     35,266     35,266  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............      2,805      2,805  .........      3,416      3,416  .........      4,098      4,098  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      1,002      1,002  .........      1,272      1,272  .........      1,371      1,371  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     30,654     30,654  .........     36,404     36,404  .........     40,735     40,735  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      2,849      2,849  .........      3,386      3,386  .........      3,885      3,885  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................      2,746      2,746  .........      3,228      3,228  .........      3,772      3,772  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      2,980      2,980  .........      3,360      3,360  .........      3,496      3,496  .........
  Other..............................................        172        172  .........        203        203  .........        221        221  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance      8,747      8,747  .........     10,177     10,177  .........     11,374     11,374  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      3,083      3,083  .........      5,760      5,760  .........      6,652      6,652  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................      4,804      4,804  .........      5,443      5,443  .........      6,109      6,109  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........      1,979      1,979  .........      2,035      2,035  .........      2,255      2,255  .........
  Medicaid...........................................      2,727  .........      2,727      3,362  .........      3,362      4,601  .........      4,601
  Indian health......................................        120        120  .........        143        143  .........        170        170  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      1,723      1,706         17      1,954      1,935         18      2,336      2,317         18
  Health resources and services......................        545        166        380        568        204        364        686        173        513
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        110         30         80        151         35        116        232         45        187
  Other..............................................         17         17  .........         25         25  .........         24         24  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     12,026      8,822      3,204     13,681      9,820      3,861     16,413     11,093      5,320
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,002      1,002  .........      1,644      1,644  .........      1,942      1,942  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and            503        503  .........        904        904  .........      1,067      1,067  .........
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      1,505      1,505  .........      2,548      2,548  .........      3,009      3,009  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................        480         38        442        737        175        562      1,121        371        751
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........        577         18        559      1,568      1,548         20      1,909      1,882         27
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        383          4        379        611          8        603        716          8        707
  Commodity donations and other......................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        593         13        580
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............        960         22        938      2,179      1,556        623      3,218      1,904      1,314
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      4,142  .........      4,142      5,486  .........      5,486      6,559  .........      6,559
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      2,255      2,255  .........      2,330      2,330  .........      2,531      2,531  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      6,397      2,255      4,142      7,816      2,330      5,486      9,089      2,531      6,559
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................         10         10  .........        319        318          1        418        418          *
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        764        764  .........        738        738  .........        805        805  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        179        179  .........        203        203  .........        221        221  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........        954        954  .........      1,261      1,260          1      1,444      1,444          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................     64,806     56,079      8,727     80,564     70,030     10,533     93,055     79,112     13,943
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 205]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1973                             1974                             1975
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     42,956     42,956  .........     48,760     48,760  .........     55,828     55,828  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............      5,221      5,221  .........      6,230      6,230  .........      7,729      7,729  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      1,622      1,622  .........      1,723      1,723  .........      3,720      3,720  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     49,799     49,799  .........     56,712     56,712  .........     67,277     67,277  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      4,390      4,390  .........      5,128      5,128  .........      6,242      6,242  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................      4,515      4,515  .........      5,661      5,661  .........      7,048      7,048  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      3,843      3,843  .........      3,990      3,990  .........      4,697      4,697  .........
  Other..............................................        240        240  .........        263        263  .........        385        385  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     12,987     12,987  .........     15,041     15,041  .........     18,372     18,372  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................      4,893      4,893  .........      5,594      5,594  .........     12,806     12,806  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................      6,649      6,649  .........      7,807      7,807  .........     10,355     10,355  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........      2,391      2,391  .........      2,874      2,874  .........      3,765      3,765  .........
  Medicaid...........................................      4,600  .........      4,600      5,818  .........      5,818      6,840  .........      6,840
  Indian health......................................        198        198  .........        216        216  .........        283        283  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      2,598      2,578         20      2,868      2,844         25      3,490      3,464         26
  Health resources and services......................        676        156        520        685        154        530        785        218        567
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        395         76        319        358         56        302        639         49        590
  Other..............................................         37         37  .........         40         40  .........         45         45  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     17,544     12,085      5,459     20,666     13,991      6,675     26,203     18,180      8,024
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      2,781      2,781  .........      3,233      3,233  .........      4,560      4,560  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          1,199      1,199  .........      1,054      1,054  .........      1,604      1,582         22
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      3,979      3,979  .........      4,287      4,287  .........      6,164      6,142         22
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................      1,614        559      1,055      1,794        673      1,122      2,093        761      1,333
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........      2,208      2,177         31      2,845      2,797         48      4,599      4,463        136
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........        693          8        685        802          8        793      1,575         10      1,565
  Commodity donations and other......................        740         12        728        787         44        743        469         18        451
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............      3,641      2,197      1,444      4,433      2,850      1,583      6,643      4,491      2,152
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............  .........  .........  .........      1,954      1,907         47      4,320      4,209        110
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      5,922  .........      5,922      5,423  .........      5,423      5,121  .........      5,121
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      2,565      2,565  .........      2,530      2,530  .........      2,739      2,739  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....      8,487      2,565      5,922      9,907      4,437      5,470     12,180      6,948      5,231
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................        952        952  .........      1,000      1,000          *        968        968  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        613        613  .........        742        742  .........        892        892  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        230        230  .........        231        231  .........        236        236  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      1,796      1,796  .........      1,972      1,972          *      2,096      2,096  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    104,739     90,860     13,879    120,407    105,557     14,851    153,836    137,074     16,762
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 206]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1976                              TQ                              1977
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     63,361     63,361  .........     16,876     16,876  .........     72,486     72,486  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............      9,341      9,341  .........      2,582      2,582  .........     11,212     11,212  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      2,226      2,226  .........        912        912  .........      2,560      2,560  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     74,929     74,929  .........     20,371     20,371  .........     86,258     86,258  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      7,296      7,296  .........      1,947      1,947  .........      8,216      8,216  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................      8,267      8,267  .........      2,261      2,261  .........      9,531      9,531  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      5,173      5,173  .........      1,325      1,325  .........      5,735      5,735  .........
  Other..............................................        463        463  .........        129        129  .........        553        553  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     21,199     21,199  .........      5,662      5,662  .........     24,035     24,035  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     18,560     18,560  .........      3,304      3,304  .........     14,318     14,318  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     12,270     12,270  .........      3,315      3,315  .........     14,912     14,912  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........      4,672      4,672  .........      1,269      1,269  .........      5,867      5,867  .........
  Medicaid...........................................      8,568  .........      8,568      2,229  .........      2,229      9,876  .........      9,876
  Indian health......................................        332        332  .........         91         91  .........        395        395  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      3,888      3,857         31        997        990          8      4,526      4,478         48
  Health resources and services......................      1,120        214        905        191         50        142      1,029        289        740
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        604         69        535        172         16        156        516         45        471
  Other..............................................         60         60  .........         16         16  .........         67         67  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     31,515     21,475     10,040      8,280      5,746      2,534     37,188     26,054     11,134
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      5,493      5,493  .........        776        776  .........      3,672      3,672  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          2,394      2,359         35        595        590          6      2,719      2,657         62
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      7,887      7,852         35      1,372      1,366          6      6,391      6,329         62
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................      2,466        873      1,594        648        236        413      2,964      1,139      1,825
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........      5,632      5,365        267      1,325      1,260         65      5,399      5,128        271
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      1,890         12      1,878        393          3        390      2,792         17      2,775
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......        143          1        141         41          1         41        245          3        242
  Commodity donations and other......................        294         10        284         64          2         62         91          5         86
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............      7,959      5,389      2,570      1,824      1,266        558      8,527      5,153      3,375
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............      4,573      4,507         67      1,165      1,159          5      4,772      4,732         39
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      5,753  .........      5,753      1,570  .........      1,570      6,165  .........      6,165
  Low income home energy assistance..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        110  .........        110
  Earned income tax credit...........................        808        808  .........         86         86  .........        901        901  .........
  Legal services.....................................         85         85  .........         52         52  .........        125        125  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      2,859      2,859  .........        719        719  .........      3,113      3,113  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     14,078      8,259      5,819      3,591      2,016      1,575     15,186      8,872      6,314
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................        998        998  .........        240        240  .........        956        956  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        798        798  .........        184        184  .........        862        862  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        246        246  .........         58         58  .........        291        291  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      2,042      2,042  .........        483        483  .........      2,109      2,109  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    180,634    160,576     20,058     45,534     40,449      5,085    196,978    174,268     22,710
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 207]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1978                             1979                             1980
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...     80,119     80,119  .........     89,052     89,052  .........    102,067    102,067  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     12,328     12,328  .........     13,542     13,542  .........     14,998     14,998  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      2,332      2,332  .........      2,767      2,767  .........      3,268      3,268  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...     94,779     94,779  .........    105,361    105,361  .........    120,333    120,333  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................      9,171      9,171  .........     10,279     10,279  .........     11,920     11,920  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     10,867     10,867  .........     12,369     12,369  .........     14,662     14,662  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      6,173      6,173  .........      6,756      6,756  .........      7,446      7,446  .........
  Other..............................................        483        483  .........        538        538  .........        661        661  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     26,694     26,694  .........     29,942     29,942  .........     34,689     34,689  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     10,886     10,886  .........      9,837      9,837  .........     16,889     16,889  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     17,419     17,419  .........     19,900     19,900  .........     23,802     23,802  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........      6,856      6,856  .........      8,260      8,260  .........     10,152     10,152  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     10,680  .........     10,680     12,407  .........     12,407     13,957  .........     13,957
  Indian health......................................        467        467  .........        555        555  .........        637        637  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      5,049      5,009         41      5,407      5,358         49      6,280      6,230         49
  Health resources and services......................      1,079        261        818      1,183        270        913      1,311        395        916
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        642         37        605        632         38        594        730         51        679
  Other..............................................         74         74  .........         83         83  .........        106        106  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     42,266     30,123     12,143     48,427     34,464     13,963     56,975     41,374     15,601
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      3,334      3,334  .........      2,790      2,790  .........      2,418      2,418  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          3,059      3,004         56      3,767      3,706         62      5,089      5,011         78
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      6,393      6,338         56      6,557      6,495         62      7,507      7,428         78
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................      3,631      1,208      2,423      4,230      1,447      2,784      5,418      1,965      3,453
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........      5,499      5,200        299      6,822      6,498        324      9,117      8,705        412
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      2,665        139      2,526      3,014        152      2,862      3,536        148      3,388
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......        371  .........        371        542  .........        542        717          1        716
  Commodity donations and other......................        325          4        321        338          4        334        562          5        557
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............      8,859      5,343      3,516     10,716      6,654      4,061     13,932      8,858      5,074
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............      5,280      5,241         39      4,865      4,824         41      5,716      5,677         39
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      6,393         23      6,369      6,358         27      6,331      6,924         36      6,888
  Low income home energy assistance..................        193  .........        193        186  .........        186      1,577        398      1,180
  Earned income tax credit...........................        881        881  .........        773        773  .........      1,275      1,275  .........
  Legal services.....................................        157        157  .........        254        254  .........        320        320  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,239      3,239  .........      3,522      3,522  .........      3,585      3,585  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     16,143      9,542      6,601     15,957      9,399      6,558     19,398     11,291      8,107
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,005      1,005  .........      1,604      1,604  .........      1,788      1,788  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............        842        842  .........        962        962  .........      1,111      1,111  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        262        206         56        244        112        132        489        151        338
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      2,110      2,054         56      2,810      2,678        132      3,388      3,050        338
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    211,761    186,967     24,795    233,837    206,276     27,561    278,530    245,879     32,652
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 208]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1981                             1982                             1983
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    121,003    121,003  .........    136,454    136,454  .........    150,893    150,893  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     16,879     16,879  .........     17,463     17,463  .........     17,620     17,620  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      3,643      3,643  .........      3,856      3,856  .........      3,771      3,771  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    141,524    141,524  .........    157,773    157,773  .........    172,284    172,284  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     13,729     13,729  .........     14,938     14,938  .........     15,945     15,945  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     17,597     17,597  .........     19,405     19,405  .........     20,717     20,717  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      8,438      8,438  .........      9,289      9,289  .........      9,857      9,857  .........
  Other..............................................        735        735  .........        816        816  .........        759        759  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     40,499     40,499  .........     44,448     44,448  .........     47,277     47,277  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     18,406     18,406  .........     22,314     22,314  .........     29,815     29,815  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     28,916     28,916  .........     34,354     34,354  .........     38,005     38,005  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     12,351     12,351  .........     14,813     14,813  .........     17,493     17,493  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     16,833  .........     16,833     17,391  .........     17,391     18,985  .........     18,985
  Indian health......................................        679        679  .........        654        654  .........        692        692  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      6,720      6,670         50      7,280      7,223         57      8,034      7,977         57
  Health resources and services......................      1,298        330        968      1,546        955        591      1,174        745        429
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        712         48        664        656  .........        656        506  .........        506
  Other..............................................        124        124  .........         69         69  .........         90         90  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     67,635     49,119     18,516     76,762     58,067     18,695     84,981     65,003     19,978
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      2,367      2,367  .........      2,083      2,083  .........      1,827      1,827  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          6,166      6,087         78      5,758      5,701         57      6,601      6,550         51
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      8,533      8,454         78      7,840      7,784         57      8,428      8,377         51
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................      6,775      2,716      4,059      7,960      3,038      4,922      9,366      3,648      5,718
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     11,253     10,764        489     11,014     10,262        752     12,653     11,210      1,444
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      3,543        183      3,359      3,043        167      2,875      3,293        178      3,115
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......        930          2        928        930          1        928      1,126          3      1,123
  Commodity donations and other......................        394          5        389        506          6        500        797          5        791
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     16,119     10,954      5,165     15,493     10,436      5,056     17,869     11,396      6,473
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............      6,467      6,422         45      6,864      6,844         20      7,894      7,881         13
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      7,736         42      7,694      7,530         42      7,488      7,875         31      7,844
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,780        126      1,653      1,687          2      1,685      1,993          3      1,991
  Earned income tax credit...........................      1,318      1,318  .........      1,201      1,201  .........      1,213      1,213  .........
  Legal services.....................................        324        324  .........        259        259  .........        234        234  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,755      3,755  .........      3,879      3,879  .........      3,894      3,894  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....        557          1        557        418         16        402        410          2        408
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     21,938     11,988      9,949     21,839     12,244      9,595     23,513     13,257     10,256
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,770      1,770  .........      1,706      1,706  .........      1,737      1,737  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,173      1,173  .........      1,065      1,065  .........      1,013      1,013  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        843        203        641      1,141        263        878        650        146        504
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      3,787      3,146        641      3,912      3,034        878      3,400      2,896        504
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    325,216    286,808     38,408    358,342    319,139     39,202    396,933    353,953     42,980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 209]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1984                             1985                             1986
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    158,256    158,256  .........    167,732    167,732  .........    176,949    176,949  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     17,797     17,797  .........     18,700     18,700  .........     19,598     19,598  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      3,672      3,672  .........      3,863      3,863  .........      3,699      3,699  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    179,724    179,724  .........    190,295    190,295  .........    200,246    200,246  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     16,471     16,471  .........     15,801     15,801  .........     17,621     17,621  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     21,813     21,813  .........     23,012     23,012  .........     23,942     23,942  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............      9,973      9,973  .........     10,243     10,243  .........     10,442     10,442  .........
  Other..............................................        825        825  .........        790        790  .........        942        942  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     49,082     49,082  .........     49,846     49,846  .........     52,945     52,945  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     16,911     16,911  .........     16,186     16,186  .........     16,427     16,427  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     41,476     41,476  .........     47,841     47,841  .........     49,018     49,018  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     19,475     19,475  .........     21,808     21,808  .........     25,166     25,166  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     20,061  .........     20,061     22,655  .........     22,655     24,995  .........     24,995
  Indian health......................................        790        790  .........        872        872  .........        870        870  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............      8,599      8,539         59      9,258      9,174         84      9,618      9,537         81
  Health resources and services......................      1,203        178      1,025      1,224        186      1,037      1,249        171      1,078
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        501  .........        501        501  .........        501        494  .........        494
  Other..............................................        107        107  .........         55         55  .........         61         61  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................     92,211     70,565     21,646    104,214     79,937     24,277    111,472     84,823     26,649
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,538      1,538  .........      1,321      1,321  .........      1,142      1,142  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          7,036      6,966         70      7,800      7,724         76      8,036      7,954         82
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      8,574      8,505         70      9,121      9,045         76      9,177      9,095         82
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................      9,932      4,163      5,769     11,200      4,783      6,417     12,279      4,836      7,443
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     12,375     10,829      1,547     12,526     10,815      1,710     12,443     10,651      1,792
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      3,552        192      3,361      3,681        201      3,480      3,835        157      3,678
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      1,367          2      1,365      1,495          *      1,495      1,578          *      1,577
  Commodity donations and other......................        677          9        668        756          9        747        668          9        660
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     17,972     11,032      6,941     18,457     11,025      7,431     18,524     10,817      7,707
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............      7,633      7,625          8      8,654      8,654  .........      9,323      9,323  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........      8,346         34      8,311      8,625         33      8,592      9,877  .........      9,877
  Low income home energy assistance..................      2,026          2      2,024      2,141          2      2,139      2,046  .........      2,046
  Earned income tax credit...........................      1,193      1,193  .........      1,100      1,100  .........      1,415      1,415  .........
  Legal services.....................................        271        271  .........        300        300  .........        305        305  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,874      3,874  .........      3,842      3,842  .........      3,874      3,874  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....        659         10        648        749         11        738        808         14        794
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     24,001     13,010     10,991     25,411     13,942     11,469     27,648     14,931     12,717
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,687      1,687  .........      1,663      1,663  .........      1,612      1,612  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,050      1,050  .........      1,089      1,089  .........      1,159      1,159  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        721        135        585        570        150        420        579        157        422
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      3,459      2,873        585      3,322      2,902        420      3,350      2,928        422
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    401,868    355,866     46,001    428,051    377,961     50,090    452,069    397,049     55,020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 210]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1987                             1988                             1989
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    184,612    184,612  .........    195,331    195,331  .........    207,493    207,493  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     20,492     20,492  .........     21,477     21,477  .........     22,644     22,644  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      3,904      3,904  .........      3,872      3,872  .........      4,097      4,097  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    209,009    209,009  .........    220,679    220,679  .........    234,234    234,234  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     18,080     18,080  .........     19,011     19,011  .........     20,184     20,184  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     25,713     25,713  .........     28,047     28,047  .........     29,134     29,134  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     10,516     10,516  .........     11,268     11,268  .........     11,669     11,669  .........
  Other..............................................        907        907  .........        970        970  .........      1,132      1,132  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     55,216     55,216  .........     59,296     59,296  .........     62,119     62,119  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     15,760     15,760  .........     13,857     13,857  .........     14,125     14,125  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     49,976     49,976  .........     52,022     52,022  .........     57,433     57,433  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     29,937     29,937  .........     33,682     33,682  .........     36,867     36,867  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     27,435  .........     27,435     30,462  .........     30,462     34,604  .........     34,604
  Indian health......................................        866        866  .........        951        951  .........      1,050      1,050  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     10,041      9,947         94     10,701     10,596        106     11,228     11,103        125
  Health resources and services......................      1,235        107      1,128      1,308        229      1,079      1,230        145      1,085
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........        622  .........        622        720  .........        720        666  .........        666
  Other..............................................         34         34  .........         42         42  .........         22         22  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    120,145     90,866     29,279    129,888     97,521     32,366    143,099    106,620     36,480
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,075      1,075  .........      1,042      1,042  .........      1,014      1,014  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and          7,469      7,402         66      8,139      8,070         68      9,906      9,838         68
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................      8,544      8,477         66      9,180      9,112         68     10,920     10,852         68
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     12,626      5,226      7,400     13,841      5,190      8,651     14,661      6,108      8,553
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     12,407     10,448      1,959     13,145     11,152      1,993     13,725     11,650      2,075
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      4,060        138      3,922      4,305        146      4,158      4,574        119      4,455
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      1,670          *      1,669      1,804          3      1,801      1,942          2      1,940
  Commodity donations and other......................        725         10        716        745          9        736        861          9        852
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     18,863     10,596      8,267     19,998     11,310      8,688     21,102     11,780      9,323
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............      9,933      9,933  .........     11,370     11,370  .........     11,503     11,503  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     10,540  .........     10,540     10,764  .........     10,764     11,166  .........     11,166
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,829  .........      1,829      1,585  .........      1,585      1,393  .........      1,393
  Earned income tax credit...........................      1,410      1,410  .........      2,698      2,698  .........      4,002      4,002  .........
  Legal services.....................................        309        309  .........        306        306  .........        307        307  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,793      3,793  .........      3,935      3,935  .........      4,024      4,024  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....        802         19        783      1,004         16        988      1,344          6      1,338
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     28,616     15,464     13,152     31,663     18,325     13,337     33,739     19,842     13,897
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,598      1,598  .........      1,558      1,558  .........      1,520      1,520  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,165      1,165  .........      1,238      1,238  .........      1,316      1,316  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        538        164        374        463        152        312        538        168        370
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      3,301      2,927        374      3,260      2,948        312      3,374      3,004        370
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    472,079    413,541     58,538    501,661    438,238     63,422    537,374    468,683     68,691
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 211]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1990                             1991                             1992
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    221,926    221,926  .........    239,495    239,495  .........    254,466    254,466  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     24,423     24,423  .........     26,987     26,987  .........     30,452     30,452  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      4,138      4,138  .........      4,032      4,032  .........      4,424      4,424  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    250,488    250,488  .........    270,514    270,514  .........    289,342    289,342  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     21,545     21,545  .........     23,093     23,093  .........     24,491     24,491  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     31,036     31,036  .........     33,188     33,188  .........     33,545     33,545  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     10,735     10,735  .........     12,153     12,153  .........     12,658     12,658  .........
  Other..............................................        804        804  .........      1,229      1,229  .........      1,235      1,235  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     64,120     64,120  .........     69,663     69,663  .........     71,928     71,928  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     17,445     17,445  .........     25,451     25,451  .........     37,701     37,701  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................     65,912     65,912  .........     68,705     68,705  .........     80,784     80,784  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     41,498     41,498  .........     45,514     45,514  .........     48,627     48,627  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     41,103  .........     41,103     52,533  .........     52,533     67,827  .........     67,827
  Indian health......................................      1,117      1,117  .........      1,310      1,310  .........      1,558      1,558  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     11,995     11,864        131     12,483     12,345        138     13,799     13,644        155
  Health resources and services......................      1,371        230      1,141      1,467        355      1,112      1,832        473      1,359
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........      1,241  .........      1,241      1,744  .........      1,744      1,778  .........      1,778
  Other..............................................         19         19  .........         12         12  .........        419        419  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    164,256    120,640     43,616    183,769    128,242     55,527    216,623    145,505     71,118
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................        795        795  .........        814        814  .........      1,005      1,005  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and         10,442     10,369         73     11,272     11,211         60     10,500     10,427         73
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................     11,238     11,164         73     12,086     12,026         60     11,505     11,432         73
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     15,901      6,349      9,552     17,178      6,711     10,466     18,864      6,578     12,286
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     15,923     13,793      2,130     19,649     17,278      2,371     22,800     20,193      2,607
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      4,996        125      4,871      5,557        139      5,418      6,146        154      5,993
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      2,121          3      2,119      2,280          5      2,275      2,545          3      2,542
  Commodity donations and other......................        831         11        820        902         13        888      1,030         13      1,017
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     23,872     13,932      9,939     28,388     17,435     10,953     32,521     20,363     12,158
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............     11,493     11,493  .........     14,668     14,668  .........     17,239     17,239  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     12,246  .........     12,246     13,520  .........     13,520     15,103  .........     15,103
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,314  .........      1,314      1,742  .........      1,742      1,142          *      1,142
  Earned income tax credit...........................      4,354      4,354  .........      4,885      4,885  .........      7,345      7,345  .........
  Legal services.....................................        291        291  .........        344        344  .........        329        329  .........
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,594      3,594  .........      3,917      3,917  .........      3,666      3,666  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....      1,579  .........      1,579      2,120  .........      2,120      2,505  .........      2,505
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     34,872     19,733     15,139     41,196     23,814     17,382     47,330     28,580     18,751
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,482      1,482  .........      1,462      1,462  .........      1,453      1,453  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,368      1,368  .........      1,366      1,366  .........      1,434      1,434  .........
  Payments to Japanese American WWII internees.......  .........  .........  .........        499        499  .........        500        500  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        628        237        391        457        229        228        630        326        304
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      3,478      3,087        391      3,785      3,556        228      4,017      3,713        304
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    585,669    506,958     78,711    652,029    557,412     94,617    729,831    615,140    114,691
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 212]]


      Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                            (in millions of dollars)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              1993                             1994
                    Program                    -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors          267,934    267,934  .........    279,710    279,710  .........
   insurance..................................
  Social security: disability insurance.......     33,709     33,709  .........     36,966     36,966  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security).      4,370      4,370  .........      4,468      4,468  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad           306,013    306,013  .........    321,144    321,144  .........
     retirement...............................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement.........................     25,708     25,708  .........     26,717     26,717  .........
  Civil service retirement....................     34,792     34,792  .........     36,254     36,254  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation.....     13,399     13,399  .........     15,117     15,117  .........
  Other.......................................      1,316      1,316  .........      1,284      1,284  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and        75,214     75,214  .........     79,373     79,373  .........
     insurance................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance.......................     36,208     36,208  .........     27,145     27,145  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance................     90,738     90,738  .........    101,535    101,535  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance...     52,409     52,409  .........     58,006     58,006  .........
  Medicaid....................................     75,774  .........     75,774     82,034  .........     82,034
  Indian health...............................      1,742      1,742  .........      1,822      1,822  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans......     14,520     14,335        185     15,390     15,192        197
  Health resources and services...............      1,994        555      1,438      2,258        793      1,465
  Substance abuse and mental health services..      1,994  .........      1,994      2,132  .........      2,132
  Other.......................................        814        814  .........      1,061      1,061  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care.......................    239,984    160,593     79,391    264,237    178,409     85,827
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits.................      1,102      1,102  .........      1,369      1,369  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education      13,463     13,373         89      7,231      7,150         81
   and other..................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students.............     14,564     14,475         89      8,601      8,520         81
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance............................     20,870      6,959     13,911     22,445      7,430     15,015
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico)..     24,602     21,991      2,611     25,441     22,752      2,688
  Child nutrition and special milk programs...      6,612         23      6,589      7,044        106      6,938
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP)      2,846          4      2,842      3,160          5      3,155
  Commodity donations and other...............        979        125        854      1,002         86        916
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance......     35,040     22,143     12,897     36,646     22,949     13,697
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program........     20,343     20,343  .........     23,700     23,700  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF..     15,628  .........     15,628     16,508  .........     16,508
  Low income home energy assistance...........      1,068          *      1,067      2,126          *      2,125
  Earned income tax credit....................      8,781      8,781  .........     10,950     10,950  .........
  Legal services..............................        389        389  .........        375        375  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance...        411  .........        411        786  .........        786
  Veterans non-service connected pensions.....      3,529      3,529  .........      3,427      3,427  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption          2,636  .........      2,636      3,030  .........      3,030
   Assist.....................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related           52,784     33,042     19,743     60,902     38,453     22,450
     programs.................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits.........      1,412      1,412  .........      1,371      1,371  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits......      1,227      1,227  .........      1,330      1,330  .........
  Payments to Japanese American WWII internees        500        500  .........         87         87  .........
  Aging services programs.....................        567  .........        567        859  .........        859
  Refugee assistance and other................        661        335        327        709        376        333
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals.      4,367      3,473        894      4,356      3,164      1,192
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals...............    785,046    658,121    126,925    824,850    686,588    138,262
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.


[[Page 213]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1995                             1996                             1997
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    292,669    292,669  .........    303,539    303,539  .........    316,568    316,568  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     40,316     40,316  .........     43,281     43,281  .........     45,490     45,490  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      3,974      3,974  .........      4,598      4,598  .........      4,458      4,458  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    336,959    336,959  .........    351,418    351,418  .........    366,516    366,516  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     27,797     27,797  .........     28,831     28,831  .........     30,188     30,188  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     38,319     38,319  .........     39,670     39,670  .........     41,604     41,604  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     14,842     14,842  .........     14,247     14,247  .........     16,242     16,242  .........
  Other..............................................      1,287      1,287  .........      1,338      1,338  .........      1,491      1,491  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     82,245     82,245  .........     84,086     84,086  .........     89,525     89,525  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     21,919     21,919  .........     22,958     22,958  .........     21,145     21,145  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................    113,583    113,583  .........    124,089    124,089  .........    136,175    136,175  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     63,491     63,491  .........     67,176     67,176  .........     71,133     71,133  .........
  Medicaid...........................................     89,070  .........     89,070     91,990  .........     91,990     95,552  .........     95,552
  Indian health......................................      2,012      2,012  .........      2,031      2,031  .........      2,174      2,174  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     16,121     15,871        250     16,378     16,114        264     16,841     16,570        271
  Health resources and services......................      2,213        778      1,435      3,537        775      2,762      3,023      1,943      1,080
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........      2,444  .........      2,444      2,084          1      2,083      1,622  .........      1,622
  Other..............................................        336        336  .........        351        351  .........        370        370  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    289,270    196,071     93,199    307,636    210,537     97,099    326,890    228,365     98,525
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,386      1,386  .........      1,386      1,386  .........      1,489      1,489  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and         13,385     13,303         82     11,407     11,328         79     11,481     11,438         43
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................     14,771     14,689         82     12,793     12,714         79     12,970     12,927         43
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     25,505      8,316     17,189     24,498      9,184     15,314     23,692      9,196     14,496
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     25,554     22,814      2,740     25,422     22,392      3,030     22,857     19,735      3,122
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      7,499        112      7,387      7,875        118      7,757      8,265        124      8,141
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      3,404          3      3,401      3,678          2      3,676      3,866          3      3,863
  Commodity donations and other......................      1,029         16      1,013        851         15        836        968         15        953
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     37,486     22,945     14,541     37,826     22,527     15,299     35,956     19,877     16,079
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............     23,583     23,583  .........     22,938     22,938  .........     25,367     25,367  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     17,133  .........     17,133     16,670  .........     16,670     15,069         -2     15,071
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,419  .........      1,419      1,067  .........      1,067      1,221  .........      1,221
  Earned income tax credit...........................     15,244     15,244  .........     19,159     19,159  .........     21,856     21,856  .........
  Legal services.....................................        429        429  .........        282        282  .........        282        282  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance..........        933  .........        933        933  .........        933      2,307  .........      2,307
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,024      3,024  .........      2,834      2,834  .........      3,055      3,055  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....      3,243         -1      3,244      3,691  .........      3,691      4,047  .........      4,047
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     65,008     42,279     22,729     67,574     45,213     22,361     73,204     50,558     22,646
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,284      1,284  .........      1,212      1,212  .........      1,154      1,154  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,358      1,358  .........      1,354      1,354  .........      1,343      1,343  .........
  Payments to Japanese American WWII internees.......         10         10  .........          6          6  .........          7          7  .........
  Aging services programs............................        952          1        951        818  .........        818        828  .........        828
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        700        354        346        600        281        319        570        293        277
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      4,304      3,007      1,297      3,990      2,853      1,137      3,902      2,797      1,105
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    877,467    728,430    149,037    912,779    761,490    151,289    953,800    800,906    152,894
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 214]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1998                             1999                             2000
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    327,936    327,936  .........    336,064    336,064  .........    351,432    351,432  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     47,894     47,894  .........     50,622     50,622  .........     54,435     54,435  .........
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      4,440      4,440  .........      4,429      4,429  .........      4,600      4,600  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    380,270    380,270  .........    391,115    391,115  .........    410,467    410,467  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     31,142     31,142  .........     31,889     31,889  .........     32,808     32,808  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     42,943     42,943  .........     43,828     43,828  .........     45,072     45,072  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     17,151     17,151  .........     17,994     17,994  .........     20,775     20,775  .........
  Other..............................................      1,507      1,507  .........      1,601      1,601  .........      1,673      1,673  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance     92,743     92,743  .........     95,312     95,312  .........    100,328    100,328  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     20,094     20,094  .........     21,736     21,736  .........     21,139     21,139  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................    135,486    135,486  .........    129,462    129,462  .........    127,933    127,933  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........     74,841     74,841  .........     79,008     79,008  .........     87,212     87,212  .........
  State children's health insurance..................          5  .........          5        565  .........        565      1,220  .........      1,220
  Medicaid...........................................    101,234  .........    101,234    108,042  .........    108,042    117,921  .........    117,921
  Indian health......................................      2,151      2,151  .........      2,201      2,201  .........      2,379      2,379  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     17,378     17,093        285     17,999     17,686        313     19,304     18,882        422
  Health resources and services......................      3,042      1,451      1,591      3,481      2,033      1,448      3,884      1,856      2,028
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........      2,234         -2      2,236      2,215          1      2,214      2,499        568      1,931
  Other..............................................        373        373  .........        230        230  .........        264        264  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    336,744    231,393    105,351    343,203    230,621    112,582    362,616    239,094    123,522
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      1,457      1,457  .........      1,592      1,592  .........      1,636      1,636  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and         11,341     11,290         51     10,013      9,990         23      9,243      9,202         41
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................     12,798     12,747         51     11,605     11,582         23     10,879     10,838         41
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     24,689      8,304     16,385     22,731      3,931     18,800     23,944      7,921     16,023
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     20,141     16,468      3,673     19,005     15,643      3,362     18,295     14,787      3,508
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........      8,564        128      8,436      8,878        138      8,740      9,203        143      9,060
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      3,902          1      3,901      3,942  .........      3,942      3,950  .........      3,950
  Commodity donations and other......................        876         15        861      1,212         16      1,196        921         19        902
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     33,483     16,612     16,871     33,037     15,797     17,240     32,369     14,949     17,420
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............     26,111     26,111  .........     26,698     26,698  .........     29,511     29,511  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     15,455  .........     15,455     16,917  .........     16,917     18,370  .........     18,370
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,132  .........      1,132      1,176  .........      1,176      1,495  .........      1,495
  Earned income tax credit...........................     23,239     23,239  .........     25,632     25,632  .........     26,099     26,099  .........
  Legal services.....................................        284        284  .........        298        298  .........        303        303  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance..........      3,122          2      3,120      3,286          3      3,283      3,307          5      3,302
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,059      3,059  .........      3,076      3,076  .........      2,969      2,969  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....      4,451  .........      4,451      4,707  .........      4,707      5,453  .........      5,453
  Payment where child credit exceeds tax liability...  .........  .........  .........        445        445  .........        809        809  .........
  Other public assistance............................          2  .........          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....     76,855     52,695     24,160     82,235     56,152     26,083     88,316     59,696     28,620
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................      1,090      1,090  .........      1,039      1,039  .........        988        988  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,327      1,327  .........      1,310      1,310  .........      1,352      1,352  .........
  Payments to Japanese American WWII internees.......         35         35  .........          6          6  .........  .........  .........  .........
  DC employee retirement.............................  .........  .........  .........     -3,258     -3,258  .........        411        411  .........
  Aging services programs............................        830  .........        830        879  .........        879        885          1        884
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        667        373        294        604        368        236        660        380        280
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      3,949      2,825      1,124        580       -535      1,115      4,296      3,132      1,164
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................    981,625    817,683    163,942  1,001,554    825,711    175,843  1,054,354    867,564    186,790
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 215]]


      Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                            (in millions of dollars)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              2001                             2002
                    Program                    -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors          370,950    370,950  .........    387,463    387,463  .........
   insurance..................................
  Social security: disability insurance.......     58,231     58,231  .........     64,423     64,422          1
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security).      5,125      5,125  .........      6,502      6,502  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad           434,306    434,306  .........    458,388    458,387          1
     retirement...............................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement.........................     34,096     34,096  .........     35,060     35,060  .........
  Civil service retirement....................     47,244     47,244  .........     48,838     48,838  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation.....     18,579     18,579  .........     22,981     22,981  .........
  Other.......................................      1,940      1,940  .........      1,894      1,894  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and       101,859    101,859  .........    108,773    108,773  .........
     insurance................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance.......................     28,341     28,341  .........     51,189     51,189  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance................    139,356    139,356  .........    145,566    145,566  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance...     97,526     97,526  .........    107,108    107,108  .........
  State children's health insurance...........      3,699  .........      3,699      3,682  .........      3,682
  Medicaid....................................    129,374        -60    129,434    147,512       -138    147,650
  Indian health...............................      2,561      2,561  .........      2,817      2,817  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans......     20,914     20,526        388     22,644     22,284        360
  Health resources and services...............      4,065      2,245      1,820      5,012      2,659      2,353
  Substance abuse and mental health services..      2,737        643      2,094      2,885        692      2,193
  Other.......................................        332        332  .........        214        214  .........
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care.......................    400,564    263,129    137,435    437,440    281,202    156,238
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits.................      1,783      1,783  .........      1,751      1,751  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education       8,335      8,275         60     15,197     15,118         79
   and other..................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students.............     10,118     10,058         60     16,948     16,869         79
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance............................     24,971      7,937     17,034     27,426      8,268     19,158
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico)..     19,096     15,432      3,664     22,069     18,120      3,949
  Child nutrition and special milk programs...      9,560        144      9,416     10,254        154     10,100
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP)      4,077         -8      4,085      4,330  .........      4,330
  Commodity donations and other...............      1,203         17      1,186      1,370         -2      1,372
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance......     33,936     15,585     18,351     38,023     18,272     19,751
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program........     25,875     25,875  .........     29,378     29,378  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF..     21,864       -425     22,289     22,747  .........     22,747
  Low income home energy assistance...........      2,161  .........      2,161      1,773  .........      1,773
  Earned income tax credit....................     26,123     26,123  .........     27,826     27,826  .........
  Legal services..............................        319        319  .........        333        333  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance...      3,717         12      3,705      4,539         14      4,525
  Veterans non-service connected pensions.....      2,760      2,760  .........      3,312      3,312  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption          5,711          1      5,710      5,885  .........      5,885
   Assist.....................................
  Payment where child credit exceeds tax              982        982  .........      5,060      5,060  .........
   liability..................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related           89,512     55,647     33,865    100,853     65,923     34,930
     programs.................................
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits.........        931        931  .........        888        888  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits......      1,336      1,336  .........      1,310      1,310  .........
  DC employee retirement......................        430        430  .........        459        459  .........
  Aging services programs.....................        952          4        948      1,105  .........      1,105
  Energy employees compensation fund..........  .........  .........  .........        347        347  .........
  September 11th victim compensation..........  .........  .........  .........         20         20  .........
  Refugee assistance and other................      1,017        672        345      1,166        804        362
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals.      4,666      3,373      1,293      5,295      3,828      1,467
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals...............  1,128,273    920,235    208,038  1,244,335  1,012,711    231,624
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 216]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                2003 estimate                    2004 estimate                    2005 estimate
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    400,570    400,570  .........    414,545    414,545  .........    430,473    430,473  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     73,746     73,732         14     78,306     78,277         29     80,974     80,944         30
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........     22,799     22,799  .........      5,414      5,414  .........      7,993      7,993  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    497,115    497,101         14    498,265    498,236         29    519,440    519,410         30
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     35,925     35,925  .........     36,736     36,736  .........     37,680     37,680  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     50,854     50,854  .........     52,450     52,450  .........     54,844     54,844  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     25,614     25,614  .........     27,398     27,398  .........     31,280     31,280  .........
  Other..............................................      1,932      1,932  .........      2,139      2,139  .........      2,245      2,245  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance    114,325    114,325  .........    118,723    118,723  .........    126,049    126,049  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     53,894     53,894  .........     41,009     41,009  .........     39,923     39,923  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................    150,269    150,269  .........    159,709    159,709  .........    167,565    167,565  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........    117,881    117,881  .........    119,348    119,348  .........    126,253    126,253  .........
  Allowance for medicare modernization...............  .........  .........  .........      6,000      6,000  .........     10,000     10,000  .........
  State children's health insurance..................      4,751  .........      4,751      2,657  .........      2,657      2,040  .........      2,040
  Medicaid...........................................    162,541       -127    162,668    182,543  .........    182,543    196,983  .........    196,983
  Indian health......................................      2,852      2,852  .........      3,029      3,029  .........      3,174      3,174  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     24,198     23,775        423     27,347     26,862        485     27,925     27,430        495
  Health resources and services......................      5,243      2,736      2,507      5,433      2,749      2,684      5,550      2,811      2,739
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........      3,055        763      2,292      3,274        861      2,413      3,376        889      2,487
  Health care tax credit.............................          4          4  .........        212        212  .........      3,966      3,966  .........
  Uniformed Services retiree health care fund........      4,445      4,445  .........      4,765      4,765  .........      5,006      5,006  .........
  Other..............................................        208        208  .........        175        175  .........        164        164  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    475,447    302,806    172,641    514,492    323,710    190,782    552,002    347,258    204,744
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      2,325      2,325  .........      2,527      2,527  .........      2,672      2,672  .........
  Education tax credit...............................  .........  .........  .........        213        213  .........        543        543  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and         20,103     20,032         71     18,035     18,018         17     17,598     17,581         17
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................     22,428     22,357         71     20,775     20,758         17     20,813     20,796         17
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     28,453      9,327     19,126     29,524     15,031     14,493     30,363      9,789     20,574
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     25,091     20,942      4,149     25,726     21,590      4,136     26,222     22,006      4,216
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........     11,414        165     11,249     11,351        174     11,177     11,807        181     11,626
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      4,818  .........      4,818      4,746  .........      4,746      4,851          1      4,850
  Commodity donations and other......................      1,521         -3      1,524      1,179  .........      1,179      1,487  .........      1,487
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     42,844     21,104     21,740     43,002     21,764     21,238     44,367     22,188     22,179
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............     28,438     28,438  .........     30,402     30,402  .........     36,534     36,534  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     23,383          1     23,382     23,004  .........     23,004     22,858  .........     22,858
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,628  .........      1,628      1,774  .........      1,774      1,877          1      1,876
  Earned income tax credit...........................     30,606     30,606  .........     31,375     31,375  .........     32,092     32,092  .........
  Legal services.....................................        334        334  .........        334        334  .........        335        335  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance..........      4,770         13      4,757      4,906         14      4,892      4,871         15      4,856
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,450      3,450  .........      3,535      3,535  .........      3,905      3,905  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....      6,306  .........      6,306      6,767          1      6,766      7,137          1      7,136
  Payment where child credit exceeds tax liability...      6,170      6,170  .........      6,937      6,937  .........     10,482     10,482  .........
  Other public assistance............................          1          1  .........          2  .........          2          8  .........          8
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....    105,086     69,013     36,073    109,036     72,598     36,438    120,099     83,365     36,734
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................        854        854  .........        802        802  .........        752        752  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,351      1,351  .........      1,359      1,359  .........      1,353      1,353  .........
  DC employee retirement.............................        488        488  .........        496        496  .........        500        500  .........
  Aging services programs............................      1,288  .........      1,288      1,341         -1      1,342      1,360  .........      1,360
  Energy employees compensation fund.................        682        682  .........        385        385  .........        281        281  .........
  September 11th victim compensation.................      2,740      2,740  .........      2,361      2,361  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        925        530        395        778        383        395        732        343        389
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      8,328      6,645      1,683      7,522      5,785      1,737      4,978      3,229      1,749
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................  1,347,920  1,096,572    251,348  1,382,348  1,117,614    264,734  1,458,034  1,172,007    286,027
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 217]]


                          Table 11.3--OUTLAYS FOR PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS BY CATEGORY AND MAJOR PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                2006 estimate                    2007 estimate                    2008 estimate
                       Program                        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants     Total      Direct     Grants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Social security and railroad retirement:
  Social security: old age and survivors insurance...    447,559    447,559  .........    467,137    467,137  .........    489,190    489,190  .........
  Social security: disability insurance..............     85,384     85,352         32     91,390     91,356         34     97,816     97,780         36
  Railroad retirement (excl. social security)........      8,180      8,180  .........      8,253      8,253  .........      8,549      8,549  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, social security and railroad retirement...    541,123    541,091         32    566,780    566,746         34    595,555    595,519         36
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal employees retirement and insurance:
  Military retirement................................     38,645     38,645  .........     39,652     39,652  .........     40,684     40,684  .........
  Civil service retirement...........................     57,197     57,197  .........     59,582     59,582  .........     61,982     61,982  .........
  Veterans service-connected compensation............     30,614     30,614  .........     29,521     29,521  .........     33,417     33,417  .........
  Other..............................................      2,279      2,279  .........      2,401      2,401  .........      2,395      2,395  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, federal employees retirement and insurance    128,735    128,735  .........    131,156    131,156  .........    138,478    138,478  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unemployment assistance..............................     40,780     40,780  .........     43,740     43,740  .........     46,942     46,942  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medical care:
  Medicare: hospital insurance.......................    171,811    171,811  .........    182,514    182,514  .........    192,777    192,777  .........
  Medicare: supplementary medical insurance..........    129,647    129,647  .........    138,189    138,189  .........    147,223    147,223  .........
  Allowance for medicare modernization...............     33,000     33,000  .........     38,000     38,000  .........     43,000     43,000  .........
  State children's health insurance..................      1,211  .........      1,211      1,439  .........      1,439      1,476  .........      1,476
  Medicaid...........................................    215,306  .........    215,306    232,505  .........    232,505    252,498  .........    252,498
  Indian health......................................      3,185      3,185  .........      3,219      3,219  .........      3,294      3,294  .........
  Hospital and medical care for veterans.............     28,474     27,969        505     29,136     28,619        517     29,872     29,343        529
  Health resources and services......................      5,803      2,939      2,864      5,989      3,035      2,954      6,075      3,071      3,004
  Substance abuse and mental health services.........      3,419        899      2,520      3,468        913      2,555      3,539        932      2,607
  Health care tax credit.............................      8,684      8,684  .........      9,835      9,835  .........     10,471     10,471  .........
  Uniformed Services retiree health care fund........      5,324      5,324  .........      5,661      5,661  .........      6,016      6,016  .........
  Other..............................................        155        155  .........        146        146  .........        137        137  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, medical care..............................    606,019    383,613    222,406    650,101    410,131    239,970    696,378    436,264    260,114
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance to students:
  Veterans education benefits........................      2,729      2,729  .........      2,787      2,787  .........      2,891      2,891  .........
  Education tax credit...............................        714        714  .........        796        796  .........        886        886  .........
  Student assistance--Department of Education and         17,505     17,487         18     17,691     17,673         18     18,020     18,001         19
   other.............................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, assistance to students....................     20,948     20,930         18     21,274     21,256         18     21,797     21,778         19
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing assistance...................................     31,054     10,009     21,045     31,369     10,259     21,110     31,605     10,512     21,093
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food and nutrition assistance:
  Food stamp program (including Puerto Rico).........     26,442     22,187      4,255     26,826     22,508      4,318     27,675     23,220      4,455
  Child nutrition and special milk programs..........     12,240        187     12,053     12,771        195     12,576     13,283        204     13,079
  Supplemental feeding programs (WIC and CSFP).......      4,949          1      4,948      5,057  .........      5,057      5,184  .........      5,184
  Commodity donations and other......................      1,493  .........      1,493      1,501  .........      1,501      1,510          1      1,509
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, food and nutrition assistance.............     45,124     22,375     22,749     46,155     22,703     23,452     47,652     23,425     24,227
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public assistance and related programs:
  Supplemental security income program...............     35,114     35,114  .........     33,208     33,208  .........     37,619     37,619  .........
  Family support payments to States and TANF.........     22,855  .........     22,855     23,307  .........     23,307     22,882  .........     22,882
  Low income home energy assistance..................      1,909  .........      1,909      1,953  .........      1,953      2,001  .........      2,001
  Earned income tax credit...........................     33,450     33,450  .........     34,484     34,484  .........     35,383     35,383  .........
  Legal services.....................................        341        341  .........        349        349  .........        358        358  .........
  Payments to States for daycare assistance..........      4,914         14      4,900      4,924         16      4,908      4,977         16      4,961
  Veterans non-service connected pensions............      3,733      3,733  .........      3,551      3,551  .........      3,954      3,954  .........
  Payments to States--Foster Care/Adoption Assist....      7,602  .........      7,602      7,894          2      7,892      8,171          1      8,170
  Payment where child credit exceeds tax liability...     11,899     11,899  .........     11,821     11,821  .........     11,639     11,639  .........
  Other public assistance............................          8  .........          8         23  .........         23         35  .........         35
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, public assistance and related programs....    121,825     84,551     37,274    121,514     83,431     38,083    127,019     88,970     38,049
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other payments for individuals:
  Coal miners and black lung benefits................        706        706  .........        660        660  .........        616        616  .........
  Veterans insurance and burial benefits.............      1,363      1,363  .........      1,361      1,361  .........      1,356      1,356  .........
  DC employee retirement.............................        511        511  .........        522        522  .........        532        532  .........
  Aging services programs............................      1,385         -1      1,386      1,414         -1      1,415      1,448         -1      1,449
  Energy employees compensation fund.................        220        220  .........        184        184  .........        163        163  .........
  Refugee assistance and other.......................        708        314        394        697        297        400        699        291        408
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total, all other payments for individuals........      4,893      3,113      1,780      4,838      3,023      1,815      4,814      2,957      1,857
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, payments for individuals......................  1,540,501  1,235,197    305,304  1,616,927  1,292,445    324,482  1,710,240  1,364,845    345,395
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 218]]

 
                                                                  Table 12.1--SUMMARY COMPARISON OF TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: 1940-2008
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     In Millions of Dollars              In Billions of Constant (FY 1996) Dollars      As Percentages of Federal Outlays                As Percentages of GDP
                                                         -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Fiscal Year                                    Payments                                    Payments                                   Payments                                   Payments
                                                            Total       for        Capital   Remainder   Total      for        Capital   Remainder  Total      for        Capital   Remainder  Total      for        Capital   Remainder
                                                                    Individuals  Investment                     Individuals  Investment                    Individuals  Investment                    Individuals  Investment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940....................................................       872         298         442         132    10.5        3.0         4.9         2.6     9.2       3.1          4.7        1.4      0.9       0.3          0.5        0.1
1941....................................................       847         356         290         201    10.3        3.5         3.0         3.8     6.2       2.6          2.1        1.5      0.7       0.3          0.3        0.2
1942....................................................       892         410         222         261    10.4        3.7         2.0         4.7     2.5       1.2          0.6        0.7      0.6       0.3          0.2        0.2
1943....................................................       914         427         218         269     9.9        3.5         1.8         4.6     1.2       0.5          0.3        0.3      0.5       0.2          0.1        0.1
1944....................................................       911         461         183         266     9.2        3.5         1.5         4.3     1.0       0.5          0.2        0.3      0.4       0.2          0.1        0.1

1945....................................................       859         432         154         273     8.5        3.1         1.3         4.2     0.9       0.5          0.2        0.3      0.4       0.2          0.1        0.1
1946....................................................       819         451         142         226     7.4        3.1         1.1         3.2     1.5       0.8          0.3        0.4      0.4       0.2          0.1        0.1
1947....................................................     1,603         761         599         244    12.2        4.8         4.2         3.2     4.6       2.2          1.7        0.7      0.7       0.3          0.3        0.1
1948....................................................     1,612         835         440         337    11.5        4.8         2.7         4.0     5.4       2.8          1.5        1.1      0.6       0.3          0.2        0.1
1949....................................................     1,876       1,036         462         378    12.5        5.8         2.6         4.0     4.8       2.7          1.2        1.0      0.7       0.4          0.2        0.1

1950....................................................     2,253       1,257         484         512    15.6        7.2         2.9         5.4     5.3       3.0          1.1        1.2      0.8       0.5          0.2        0.2
1951....................................................     2,287       1,324         566         397    14.3        7.2         3.2         3.9     5.0       2.9          1.2        0.9      0.7       0.4          0.2        0.1
1952....................................................     2,433       1,325         575         533    14.9        6.9         3.0         5.0     3.6       2.0          0.8        0.8      0.7       0.4          0.2        0.2
1953....................................................     2,835       1,490         756         589    16.8        7.7         3.8         5.3     3.7       2.0          1.0        0.8      0.8       0.4          0.2        0.2
1954....................................................     3,056       1,611         744         701    18.1        8.1         3.9         6.1     4.3       2.3          1.1        1.0      0.8       0.4          0.2        0.2

1955....................................................     3,207       1,623         820         764    18.9        8.2         4.4         6.3     4.7       2.4          1.2        1.1      0.8       0.4          0.2        0.2
1956....................................................     3,561       1,674         915         972    20.7        8.4         4.6         7.8     5.0       2.4          1.3        1.4      0.8       0.4          0.2        0.2
1957....................................................     3,974       1,802       1,148       1,024    21.9        8.7         5.3         7.8     5.2       2.4          1.5        1.3      0.9       0.4          0.3        0.2
1958....................................................     4,905       2,121       1,788         995    25.6       10.0         8.4         7.2     6.0       2.6          2.2        1.2      1.1       0.5          0.4        0.2
1959....................................................     6,463       2,364       2,956       1,144    32.8       11.0        13.8         8.0     7.0       2.6          3.2        1.2      1.3       0.5          0.6        0.2

1960....................................................     7,019       2,480       3,321       1,219    35.3       11.3        15.8         8.3     7.6       2.7          3.6        1.3      1.4       0.5          0.6        0.2
1961....................................................     7,126       2,618       3,053       1,456    35.9       11.8        14.5         9.6     7.3       2.7          3.1        1.5      1.3       0.5          0.6        0.3
1962....................................................     7,926       2,951       3,239       1,736    39.3       13.1        15.3        11.0     7.4       2.8          3.0        1.6      1.4       0.5          0.6        0.3
1963....................................................     8,602       3,280       3,600       1,721    41.6       14.4        16.7        10.5     7.7       2.9          3.2        1.5      1.4       0.5          0.6        0.3
1964....................................................    10,164       3,559       4,482       2,123    48.6       15.4        20.5        12.7     8.6       3.0          3.8        1.8      1.6       0.6          0.7        0.3

1965....................................................    10,910       3,718       4,985       2,207    51.2       15.9        22.4        12.8     9.2       3.1          4.2        1.9      1.6       0.5          0.7        0.3
1966....................................................    12,887       4,305       4,912       3,670    60.1       18.1        21.4        20.6     9.6       3.2          3.7        2.7      1.7       0.6          0.7        0.5
1967....................................................    15,233       4,818       5,231       5,183    69.0       19.7        21.9        27.3     9.7       3.1          3.3        3.3      1.9       0.6          0.6        0.6
1968....................................................    18,551       6,067       5,896       6,588    80.6       24.1        23.8        32.8    10.4       3.4          3.3        3.7      2.1       0.7          0.7        0.8
1969....................................................    20,164       7,238       6,165       6,761    82.9       27.5        23.7        31.7    11.0       3.9          3.4        3.7      2.1       0.8          0.6        0.7

1970....................................................    24,065       8,717       7,056       8,292    92.9       31.7        25.2        36.1    12.3       4.5          3.6        4.2      2.4       0.9          0.7        0.8
1971....................................................    28,099      10,527       7,872       9,700   101.6       36.6        25.8        39.2    13.4       5.0          3.7        4.6      2.6       1.0          0.7        0.9
1972....................................................    34,375      13,940       8,417      12,017   118.5       46.6        26.0        45.8    14.9       6.0          3.6        5.2      2.9       1.2          0.7        1.0
1973....................................................    41,847      13,871       8,865      19,111   138.6       44.7        25.9        68.0    17.0       5.6          3.6        7.8      3.2       1.1          0.7        1.5
1974....................................................    43,357      14,841       9,845      18,672   131.9       44.3        25.8        61.8    16.1       5.5          3.7        6.9      3.0       1.0          0.7        1.3

1975....................................................    49,791      16,752      10,880      22,158   136.5       45.4        23.9        67.2    15.0       5.0          3.3        6.7      3.2       1.1          0.7        1.4
1976....................................................    59,094      20,043      13,517      25,533   150.7       51.0        28.6        71.1    15.9       5.4          3.6        6.9      3.4       1.2          0.8        1.5
TQ......................................................    15,920       5,081       3,936       6,902    39.2       12.5         8.2        18.5    16.6       5.3          4.1        7.2      3.5       1.1          0.9        1.5
1977....................................................    68,415      22,692      16,164      29,559   162.1       53.7        32.9        75.6    16.7       5.5          3.9        7.2      3.5       1.2          0.8        1.5
1978....................................................    77,889      24,777      18,328      34,785   173.0       54.8        35.4        82.8    17.0       5.4          4.0        7.6      3.5       1.1          0.8        1.6
1979....................................................    83,351      27,535      20,639      35,177   170.8       56.2        36.8        77.7    16.5       5.5          4.1        7.0      3.3       1.1          0.8        1.4

1980....................................................    91,385      32,619      22,570      36,196   168.5       60.2        36.1        72.2    15.5       5.5          3.8        6.1      3.3       1.2          0.8        1.3
1981....................................................    94,704      38,375      22,222      34,107   158.2       64.7        31.8        61.7    14.0       5.7          3.3        5.0      3.1       1.3          0.7        1.1
1982....................................................    88,134      39,159      20,508      28,467   137.7       62.1        27.3        48.3    11.8       5.3          2.8        3.8      2.7       1.2          0.6        0.9
1983....................................................    92,448      42,944      20,513      28,991   138.2       65.1        26.7        46.4    11.4       5.3          2.5        3.6      2.7       1.2          0.6        0.8
1984....................................................    97,553      45,978      22,693      28,882   140.2       67.2        29.4        43.7    11.5       5.4          2.7        3.4      2.5       1.2          0.6        0.8

1985....................................................   105,852      50,059      24,901      30,893   147.0       70.7        31.8        44.5    11.2       5.3          2.6        3.3      2.6       1.2          0.6        0.7
1986....................................................   112,331      54,978      26,268      31,084   151.7       75.5        32.7        43.4    11.3       5.6          2.7        3.1      2.6       1.2          0.6        0.7
1987....................................................   108,400      58,487      23,849      26,064   141.5       77.8        28.7        34.9    10.8       5.8          2.4        2.6      2.3       1.3          0.5        0.6
1988....................................................   115,342      63,101      24,888      27,353   145.3       80.8        29.2        35.4    10.8       5.9          2.3        2.6      2.3       1.3          0.5        0.5
1989....................................................   121,928      67,861      25,296      28,771   148.1       83.2        29.0        35.9    10.7       5.9          2.2        2.5      2.3       1.3          0.5        0.5

1990....................................................   135,325      77,264      27,185      30,876   157.9       90.8        30.3        36.8    10.8       6.2          2.2        2.5      2.4       1.3          0.5        0.5
1991....................................................   154,519      92,865      28,237      33,417   173.6      104.5        30.9        38.2    11.7       7.0          2.1        2.5      2.6       1.6          0.5        0.6
1992....................................................   178,065     112,522      29,297      36,247   195.4      123.0        31.9        40.4    12.9       8.1          2.1        2.6      2.9       1.8          0.5        0.6
1993....................................................   193,612     124,155      31,170      38,287   207.3      132.3        33.4        41.5    13.7       8.8          2.2        2.7      3.0       1.9          0.5        0.6
1994....................................................   210,596     134,153      35,274      41,170   220.7      140.1        37.1        43.4    14.4       9.2          2.4        2.8      3.0       1.9          0.5        0.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See note at end of table.


[[Page 219]]


                                                             Table 12.1--SUMMARY COMPARISON OF TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: 1940-2008--Continued
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     In Millions of Dollars              In Billions of Constant (FY 1996) Dollars      As Percentages of Federal Outlays                As Percentages of GDP
                                                         -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Fiscal Year                                    Payments                                    Payments                                   Payments                                   Payments
                                                            Total       for        Capital   Remainder   Total      for        Capital   Remainder  Total      for        Capital   Remainder  Total      for        Capital   Remainder
                                                                    Individuals  Investment                     Individuals  Investment                    Individuals  Investment                    Individuals  Investment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995....................................................   224,991     144,427      39,579      40,985   229.8      147.4        40.4        42.0    14.8       9.5          2.6        2.7      3.1       2.0          0.5        0.6
1996....................................................   227,811     146,493      40,355      40,963   227.8      146.5        40.4        41.0    14.6       9.4          2.6        2.6      3.0       1.9          0.5        0.5
1997....................................................   234,160     148,236      41,485      44,439   229.2      145.1        40.9        43.2    14.6       9.3          2.6        2.8      2.9       1.8          0.5        0.5
1998....................................................   246,128     160,305      41,105      44,718   237.6      155.1        40.0        42.4    14.9       9.7          2.5        2.7      2.8       1.9          0.5        0.5
1999....................................................   267,081     172,384      43,938      50,759   253.5      164.5        42.1        46.8    15.7      10.1          2.6        3.0      2.9       1.9          0.5        0.6

2000....................................................   284,659     182,592      48,655      53,412   262.5      170.1        45.4        47.0    15.9      10.2          2.7        3.0      2.9       1.9          0.5        0.5
2001....................................................   317,211     203,920      53,403      59,888   284.9      185.7        48.5        50.7    17.0      10.9          2.9        3.2      3.2       2.0          0.5        0.6
2002....................................................   351,550     227,373      58,661      65,516   312.2      204.5        52.7        55.0    17.5      11.3          2.9        3.3      3.4       2.2          0.6        0.6
2003 estimate...........................................   384,245     247,182      59,229      77,834   333.7      217.5        52.1        64.1    18.0      11.5          2.8        3.6      3.6       2.3          0.6        0.7
2004 estimate...........................................   398,832     260,059      58,631      80,142   339.4      224.3        50.5        64.6    17.9      11.7          2.6        3.6      3.5       2.3          0.5        0.7

2005 estimate...........................................   422,354     281,752      58,508      82,094   352.1      238.1        49.3        64.7    18.0      12.0          2.5        3.5      3.6       2.4          0.5        0.7
2006 estimate...........................................   440,075     300,886      58,890      80,299   359.4      249.0        48.5        61.9    17.9      12.2          2.4        3.3      3.5       2.4          0.5        0.6
2007 estimate...........................................   459,375     320,362      59,817      79,196   367.2      259.4        48.1        59.6    17.8      12.4          2.3        3.1      3.5       2.4          0.5        0.6
2008 estimate...........................................   482,278     341,704      60,633      79,941   377.1      270.7        47.6        58.8    17.8      12.6          2.2        2.9      3.5       2.5          0.4        0.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Total outlays include off-budget outlays; however, all grant outlays are from on-budget accounts. Grants that are both payments for individuals and capital investment are shown under capital investment.



[[Page 220]]

 
                        Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1940       1941       1942       1943       1944       1945       1946       1947       1948
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Natural resources and environment....................         2          5          4          3          3          8          7         10         12
Agriculture..........................................        25         25         26         26         26         26         30         34         64
Transportation.......................................       165        172        152         88         48         34         45        183        334
Community and regional development...................       277        117         68        130        134        119         68         31          8
Education, training, employment, and social services.        28         89        141        163        134        123         69         56        117
Health...............................................        22         26         30         32         78         91         68         58         40
Income security......................................       341        401        458        460        476        444        484        828        884
Veterans benefits and services.......................         1          1          1          1          1          1         30        385        128
General government...................................        10         11         11         11         11         12         16         18         26
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local           872        847        892        914        911        859        819      1,603      1,612
       governments...................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1949       1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
National defense.....................................  .........  .........  .........         *         13         14         10         10          9
Energy...............................................         2          2          2          3          3          4          4          4          5
Natural resources and environment....................        14         18         19         21         23         31         36         41         42
Agriculture..........................................        87        106         98         84         97        207        237        374        369
Transportation.......................................       434        465        426        448        528        540        594        746        976
  Federal funds......................................      (434)      (465)      (426)      (448)      (528)      (540)      (594)      (746)       (23)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      (953)
Community and regional development...................         8          1          *         20         25         19         48         36         44
Education, training, employment, and social services.        99        150        132        217        343        309        324        332        331
Health...............................................        70        122        174        192        173        144        125        138        169
Income security......................................     1,096      1,335      1,386      1,387      1,555      1,698      1,715      1,763      1,898
Veterans benefits and services.......................        36         18         10          7          7          6          8          8          8
General government...................................        31         36         40         54         68         84        105        109        123
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local         1,876      2,253      2,287      2,433      2,835      3,056      3,207      3,561      3,974
       governments...................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds......................................    (1,876)    (2,253)    (2,287)    (2,433)    (2,835)    (3,056)    (3,207)    (3,561)    (3,021)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      (953)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 221]]


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1958       1959       1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense.....................................        14         11          5         11         17         40         35         33         25
International affairs................................  .........  .........  .........         1          7          7          4          4          6
Energy...............................................         5          6          6          6          7          7          8          9         10
Natural resources and environment....................        67         94        108        109        116        163        168        183        227
Agriculture..........................................       262        300        243        365        485        464        599        517        368
Commerce and housing credit..........................  .........  .........         2          1          *          *          *          *          2
Transportation.......................................     1,562      2,671      2,999      2,688      2,841      3,077      3,716      4,100      4,072
  Federal funds......................................       (69)       (82)       (86)       (97)       (89)       (93)      (109)      (120)      (113)
  Trust funds........................................    (1,493)    (2,589)    (2,913)    (2,591)    (2,752)    (2,984)    (3,607)    (3,980)    (3,959)
Community and regional development...................        53         85        109        153        185        246        517        643        575
Education, training, employment, and social services.       370        436        525        567        658        693        844      1,050      2,583
  Federal funds......................................      (370)      (436)      (525)      (447)      (488)      (562)      (684)      (873)    (2,346)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........      (120)      (170)      (131)      (160)      (177)      (237)
Health...............................................       182        222        214        262        365        450        539        624      1,165
Income security......................................     2,253      2,497      2,635      2,780      3,054      3,230      3,475      3,512      3,580
  Federal funds......................................    (2,253)    (2,497)    (2,635)    (2,525)    (2,756)    (3,024)    (3,222)    (3,290)    (3,340)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........      (255)      (298)      (205)      (253)      (223)      (239)
Veterans benefits and services.......................         8          8          8          9          8          8          8          8          9
Administration of justice............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         1
General government...................................       128        133        165        172        184        216        251        226        264
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local         4,905      6,463      7,019      7,126      7,926      8,602     10,164     10,910     12,887
       governments...................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds......................................    (3,412)    (3,875)    (4,106)    (4,161)    (4,707)    (5,282)    (6,144)    (6,531)    (8,452)
  Trust funds........................................    (1,493)    (2,589)    (2,913)    (2,966)    (3,220)    (3,320)    (4,020)    (4,379)    (4,435)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense.....................................        27         27         34         37         34         45         57         64         74
International affairs................................         7          6          6          5          5          5          6          7   .........
Energy...............................................        12         18         20         25         28         31         33         36         43
Natural resources and environment....................       254        320        351        411        755        758      1,066      1,995      2,437
Agriculture..........................................       427        542        752        604        591        496        484        481        404
Commerce and housing credit..........................         4          9         10          4          2          *          2          3          2
Transportation.......................................     4,135      4,340      4,408      4,599      4,919      5,065      5,349      5,279      5,864
  Federal funds......................................      (170)      (222)      (323)      (299)      (295)      (387)      (472)      (600)      (916)
  Trust funds........................................    (3,966)    (4,117)    (4,085)    (4,300)    (4,624)    (4,678)    (4,876)    (4,679)    (4,947)
Community and regional development...................       582        862      1,049      1,780      2,138      2,523      2,623      2,702      2,842
  Federal funds......................................      (582)      (862)    (1,049)    (1,779)    (2,137)    (2,513)    (2,606)    (2,685)    (2,820)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........        (1)        (1)       (10)       (17)       (17)       (23)
Education, training, employment, and social services.     4,165      5,170      5,085      6,417      7,326      9,478      9,497      9,345     12,133
  Federal funds......................................    (3,882)    (4,867)    (4,768)    (6,065)    (6,969)    (9,117)    (9,134)    (8,971)   (11,652)
  Trust funds........................................      (283)      (303)      (317)      (351)      (357)      (360)      (363)      (374)      (481)
Health...............................................     1,672      2,706      3,203      3,849      4,494      6,010      6,009      7,322      8,810
Income security......................................     3,636      4,188      4,806      5,795      7,074      9,040      8,872      8,633      9,352
  Federal funds......................................    (3,379)    (3,940)    (4,535)    (5,523)    (6,672)    (8,624)    (8,421)    (8,175)    (8,716)
  Trust funds........................................      (257)      (248)      (271)      (273)      (402)      (416)      (452)      (458)      (636)
Veterans benefits and services.......................        10         13         14         18         19         19         20         26         32
Administration of justice............................         3         12         28         42        197        322        528        639        725
General government...................................       299        338        396        479        516        584      7,302      6,824      7,072
  Federal funds......................................      (299)      (338)      (396)      (479)      (516)      (584)      (665)      (719)      (942)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........    (6,636)    (6,106)    (6,130)
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local        15,233     18,551     20,164     24,065     28,099     34,375     41,847     43,357     49,791
       governments...................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds......................................   (10,727)   (13,882)   (15,491)   (19,141)   (22,715)   (28,910)   (29,503)   (31,724)   (37,574)
  Trust funds........................................    (4,506)    (4,669)    (4,673)    (4,925)    (5,384)    (5,465)   (12,344)   (11,634)   (12,217)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 222]]


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1976        TQ        1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense.....................................        89         15         96         60         94         93         75         68         86
Energy...............................................        56         27         74        180        183        499        617        509        482
Natural resources and environment....................     3,027      1,064      4,189      3,898      4,631      5,363      4,944      4,872      4,018
  Federal funds......................................    (3,027)    (1,064)    (4,189)    (3,898)    (4,631)    (5,363)    (4,944)    (4,869)    (4,005)
  Trust funds........................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        (3)       (13)
Agriculture..........................................       425        123        371        426        456        569        829        986      1,822
Commerce and housing credit..........................         4          2          8         13         12          3          4          3         62
Transportation.......................................     7,980      2,007      8,299      8,837     10,931     13,022     13,404     12,110     13,200
  Federal funds......................................    (1,497)      (348)    (2,038)    (2,311)    (3,311)    (3,452)    (3,983)    (3,974)    (4,079)
  Trust funds........................................    (6,483)    (1,659)    (6,261)    (6,526)    (7,619)    (9,569)    (9,421)    (8,136)    (9,121)
Community and regional development...................     3,445      1,024      4,496      7,078      6,641      6,486      6,124      5,379      4,962
  Federal funds......................................    (3,391)    (1,007)    (4,448)    (7,034)    (6,596)    (6,442)    (6,081)    (5,364)    (4,960)
  Trust funds........................................       (54)       (17)       (48)       (43)       (45)       (44)       (43)       (16)        (3)
Education, training, employment, and social services.    14,141      3,921     15,753     20,557     22,249     21,862     20,917     16,187     15,717
  Federal funds......................................   (13,797)    (3,751)   (15,202)   (19,975)   (21,639)   (21,152)   (20,187)   (15,502)   (14,993)
  Trust funds........................................      (344)      (170)      (551)      (582)      (610)      (710)      (730)      (685)      (724)
Health...............................................    10,914      2,721     12,104     12,725     14,377     15,758     18,895     18,839     20,224
Income security......................................    10,948      2,791     12,663     13,782     14,740     18,495     21,569     22,332     25,166
  Federal funds......................................   (10,080)    (2,582)   (11,699)   (12,843)   (13,788)   (17,357)   (20,254)   (20,915)   (23,464)
  Trust funds........................................      (868)      (209)      (964)      (939)      (952)    (1,138)    (1,315)    (1,417)    (1,702)
Veterans benefits and services.......................        52         13         79         76         86         90         74         63         66
Administration of justice............................       795        169        713        572        517        529        332        187        101
General government...................................     7,218      2,043      9,571      9,687      8,434      8,616      6,918      6,599      6,541
  Federal funds......................................      (975)      (455)    (2,814)    (2,864)    (1,587)    (1,787)    (1,782)    (2,031)    (1,927)
  Trust funds........................................    (6,243)    (1,588)    (6,758)    (6,823)    (6,848)    (6,829)    (5,137)    (4,569)    (4,614)
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local        59,094     15,920     68,415     77,889     83,351     91,385     94,704     88,134     92,448
       governments...................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds......................................   (45,101)   (12,277)   (53,834)   (62,975)   (67,276)   (73,095)   (78,057)   (73,310)   (76,271)
  Trust funds........................................   (13,992)    (3,643)   (14,581)   (14,914)   (16,075)   (18,290)   (16,646)   (14,825)   (16,177)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 223]]


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Function and Fund Group                    1984       1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense.....................................        95        157        177        193        188        253        241        185        318
Energy...............................................       534        529        538        455        457        420        461        457        448
Natural resources and environment....................     3,779      4,069      4,255      4,073      3,747      3,606      3,745      4,040      3,929
  Federal funds......................................    (3,722)    (4,022)    (4,167)    (3,945)    (3,540)    (3,316)    (3,323)    (3,514)    (3,484)
  Trust funds........................................       (57)       (47)       (88)      (128)      (208)      (290)      (422)      (526)      (445)
Agriculture..........................................     1,832      2,420      1,932      2,092      2,069      1,359      1,285      1,220      1,142
Commerce and housing credit..........................         2          2          2          1          1   .........  .........  .........        11
Transportation.......................................    14,988     17,009     18,318     16,873     18,043     18,176     19,174     19,826     20,556
  Federal funds......................................    (3,835)    (3,115)    (2,852)    (2,691)    (2,629)    (2,746)    (2,940)    (2,827)    (2,448)
  Trust funds........................................   (11,153)   (13,894)   (15,465)   (14,182)   (15,414)   (15,430)   (16,233)   (16,999)   (18,109)
Community and regional development...................     5,157      5,221      4,861      4,235      4,266      4,074      4,965      4,273      4,539
  Federal funds......................................    (5,155)    (5,221)    (4,861)    (4,235)    (4,266)    (4,074)    (4,965)    (4,273)    (4,539)
  Trust funds........................................        (2)        (*)       (-*)        (*)  .........       (-*)       (-*)       (-*)  .........
Education, training, employment, and social services.    16,020     17,080     18,158     17,874     18,894     20,649     21,780     24,445     26,289
  Federal funds......................................   (15,257)   (16,162)   (17,226)   (16,973)   (17,944)   (19,654)   (20,771)   (23,400)   (25,266)
  Trust funds........................................      (763)      (918)      (932)      (901)      (950)      (995)    (1,009)    (1,045)    (1,023)
Health...............................................    21,837     24,451     26,823     29,466     32,586     36,679     43,890     55,783     71,416
Income security......................................    26,326     27,890     29,864     30,755     32,608     33,861     36,768     40,984     45,991
  Federal funds......................................   (24,778)   (26,314)   (28,295)   (29,195)   (30,998)   (32,147)   (35,026)   (39,030)   (43,503)
  Trust funds........................................    (1,548)    (1,576)    (1,570)    (1,560)    (1,610)    (1,714)    (1,742)    (1,954)    (2,488)
Veterans benefits and services.......................        66         91         90         95        106        127        134        141        164
Administration of justice............................        69         95        155        288        427        520        574        940        987
General government...................................     6,849      6,838      7,159      2,000      1,950      2,204      2,309      2,224      2,274
  Federal funds......................................    (2,282)    (2,254)    (2,044)    (1,924)    (1,950)    (2,204)    (2,309)    (2,224)    (2,274)
  Trust funds........................................    (4,567)    (4,584)    (5,114)       (76)       (-*)        (*)  .........  .........  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local        97,553    105,852    112,331    108,400    115,342    121,928    135,325    154,519    178,065
       governments...................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds......................................   (79,463)   (84,833)   (89,161)   (91,553)   (97,160)  (103,500)  (115,919)  (133,995)  (156,001)
  Trust funds........................................   (18,089)   (21,019)   (23,170)   (16,846)   (18,181)   (18,428)   (19,406)   (20,524)   (22,064)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 224]]


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Function and Fund Group                         1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................       152        169         68         38   .........        12          1          2
Energy..........................................................       460        466        492        481        440        424        462        433
Natural resources and environment...............................     3,796      3,727      3,985      3,822      3,998      3,758      4,103      4,595
  Federal funds.................................................    (3,318)    (3,255)    (3,532)    (3,401)    (3,580)    (3,358)    (3,631)    (4,012)
  Trust funds...................................................      (477)      (473)      (453)      (421)      (418)      (400)      (472)      (583)
Agriculture.....................................................     1,117        937        780        641        634        668        659        724
Commerce and housing credit.....................................         6          8          5          8          9          9          5          3
Transportation..................................................    22,292     23,633     25,787     25,957     26,846     26,144     28,904     32,222
  Federal funds.................................................    (2,851)    (1,887)    (2,564)    (2,363)    (2,740)    (2,667)    (2,896)    (4,355)
  Trust funds...................................................   (19,440)   (21,747)   (23,223)   (23,594)   (24,106)   (23,477)   (26,008)   (27,867)
Community and regional development..............................     5,666      7,789      7,230      7,850      8,161      7,653      9,332      8,665
  Federal funds.................................................    (5,665)    (7,789)    (7,230)    (7,850)    (8,161)    (7,653)    (9,332)    (8,665)
  Trust funds...................................................        (*)  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
Education, training, employment, and social services............    27,524     29,714     30,881     30,343     30,688     32,051     33,510     36,672
  Federal funds.................................................   (26,447)   (28,678)   (29,801)   (29,261)   (29,656)   (31,093)   (32,484)   (35,711)
  Trust funds...................................................    (1,077)    (1,036)    (1,080)    (1,082)    (1,032)      (958)    (1,026)      (961)
Health..........................................................    79,665     86,265     93,587     97,650     98,974    105,833    113,969    124,843
Income security.................................................    49,628     54,562     58,366     57,066     59,012     63,321     68,885     68,653
  Federal funds.................................................   (47,092)   (52,289)   (56,050)   (54,768)   (56,719)   (60,994)   (66,389)   (66,294)
  Trust funds...................................................    (2,536)    (2,273)    (2,316)    (2,298)    (2,293)    (2,327)    (2,496)    (2,359)
Social security.................................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         6
Veterans benefits and services..................................       189        199        253        266        277        288        317        434
Administration of justice.......................................       987        992      1,222      1,547      2,845      3,658      4,923      5,263
General government..............................................     2,131      2,135      2,335      2,142      2,276      2,309      2,011      2,144
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local governments...   193,612    210,596    224,991    227,811    234,160    246,128    267,081    284,659
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds.................................................  (170,082)  (185,068)  (197,919)  (200,416)  (206,311)  (218,966)  (237,079)  (252,883)
  Trust funds...................................................   (23,531)   (25,528)   (27,072)   (27,395)   (27,849)   (27,162)   (30,002)   (31,776)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 225]]


                  Table 12.2--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION AND FUND GROUP: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                     Function and Fund Group                         2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................................        47         91         71         72         73         74         76         78
Energy..........................................................       492        528        607        654        476        508        992      1,157
Natural resources and environment...............................     4,882      5,085      5,946      5,840      5,774      5,658      5,662      5,758
  Federal funds.................................................    (4,389)    (4,559)    (5,375)    (5,256)    (5,170)    (5,044)    (5,026)    (5,096)
  Trust funds...................................................      (493)      (526)      (571)      (584)      (604)      (614)      (636)      (662)
Agriculture.....................................................       755        750        827        843        852        862        853        852
Commerce and housing credit.....................................         6          2         10          4          2   .........  .........  .........
Transportation..................................................    36,647     40,998     39,298     39,874     40,999     41,698     42,634     44,130
  Federal funds.................................................    (6,446)    (7,135)    (6,875)    (6,658)    (4,977)    (3,580)    (2,479)    (2,462)
  Trust funds...................................................   (30,201)   (33,863)   (32,423)   (33,216)   (36,022)   (38,118)   (40,155)   (41,668)
Community and regional development..............................     9,485     10,501     15,178     14,091     13,369     11,436     11,437     11,692
Education, training, employment, and social services............    40,133     44,827     54,450     55,844     55,047     56,149     57,250     58,499
  Federal funds.................................................   (39,033)   (43,787)   (53,389)   (55,525)   (54,722)   (55,815)   (56,910)   (58,153)
  Trust funds...................................................    (1,100)    (1,040)    (1,061)      (319)      (325)      (334)      (340)      (346)
Health..........................................................   139,295    158,677    175,602    193,749    207,757    225,482    243,088    263,298
Income security.................................................    76,064     81,506     84,907     79,452     87,164     89,112     90,232     89,680
  Federal funds.................................................   (73,700)   (78,713)   (82,044)   (77,294)   (85,057)   (86,955)   (88,814)   (89,138)
  Trust funds...................................................    (2,364)    (2,793)    (2,863)    (2,158)    (2,107)    (2,157)    (1,418)      (542)
Social security.................................................  .........         1         14         29         30         32         34         36
Veterans benefits and services..................................       405        360        423        485        495        505        517        529
Administration of justice.......................................     6,612      5,736      4,026      5,008      6,083      6,069      4,104      4,136
General government..............................................     2,388      2,488      2,886      2,887      4,233      2,490      2,496      2,433
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total outlays for grants to State and local governments...   317,211    351,550    384,245    398,832    422,354    440,075    459,375    482,278
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memorandum:
  Federal funds.................................................  (283,053)  (313,327)  (347,313)  (362,526)  (383,266)  (398,820)  (416,792)  (439,024)
  Trust funds...................................................   (34,158)   (38,223)   (36,932)   (36,306)   (39,088)   (41,255)   (42,583)   (43,254)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
Note: Federal funds unless otherwise stated



[[Page 226]]

 
                     Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1940       1941       1942       1943       1944       1945       1946       1947       1948       1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
270 ENERGY
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
                                      ==================================================================================================================
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    State and private forestry............          2          4          2          2          2          7          6          9          9          9
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............          2          4          2          2          2          7          6          9          9          9
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............  .........          1          1          2          1          1          1          2          2          5
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................  .........          1          1          2          1          1          1          2          2          5
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................          2          5          4          3          3          8          7         10         12         14
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Extension activities..................         18         18         19         19         19         19         23         27         26         30
    Cooperative State Research Service....          7          7          7          7          7          7          7          7          7          7
    AMS payments to States and possessions  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          3
    Price support and related programs:     .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         28         46
     CCC..................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................         25         25         26         26         26         26         30         34         64         87
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Transportation:
    Grants-in-aid for airports (Federal     .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6         30
     funds)...............................
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...        165        172        152         88         48         33         44        183        327        403
    Merchant Marine Schools...............          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............        165        172        152         88         48         34         45        183        334        434
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................        165        172        152         88         48         34         45        183        334        434
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 227]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1940       1941       1942       1943       1944       1945       1946       1947       1948       1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Public works planning and facilities..        277        117         68        130        134        119         68         31          8          8
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                 277        117         68        130        134        119         68         31          8          8
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................        277        117         68        130        134        119         68         31          8          8
                                      ==================================================================================================================
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Education:
    Impact aid............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5          6          6
    Rehabilitation services and disability          4          4          4          5         36         54         48         25         27         18
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
     handicapped..........................
    Vocational and adult education........         19         80        132        152         93         64         16         20         26         26
    Higher education (including college             5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5
     housing loans).......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................         28         89        141        163        134        123         69         56         64         55
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Unemployment assistance (Training and   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         53         44
     employment--Federal funds)...........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         53         44
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................         28         89        141        163        134        123         69         56        117         99
                                      ==================================================================================================================
550 HEALTH
  Health and Human Services:
    Health Resources and Services.........  .........  .........          1          3         48         61         38         12          4         11
    Disease control (Preventive health)...          4          6          8          9         10         10          9         13          7         21
    National Institutes of Health.........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3
    ***Health Resources and Services......         18         20         22         20         20         20         22         33         29         31
    ***Substance abuse and mental health    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3
     services.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.         22         26         30         32         78         91         68         58         40         70
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................         22         26         30         32         78         91         68         58         40         70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 228]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1940       1941       1942       1943       1944       1945       1946       1947       1948       1949
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Child nutrition programs...........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         76         68         75
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         76         68         75
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    ***Family support payments to States..        279        330        376        395        430        401        421        644        732        921
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.        279        330        376        395        430        401        421        644        732        921
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    ***Subsidized housing programs........  .........          5         10         10         10          9          7          6          3          3
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban           .........          5         10         10         10          9          7          6          3          3
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Grants for unemployment services               62         66         72         54         36         34         56        102         80         97
     administration (Federal funds).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................         62         66         72         54         36         34         56        102         80         97
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................        341        401        458        460        476        444        484        828        884      1,096
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    VA State supervision of schools.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6          5
    VA State administration of UI Benefits  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         24         21
    VA veterans re-use housing............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         29        358         42          5
    VA educational facilities.............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         26         53          2
    ***Medical care.......................          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          2          2          3
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................          1          1          1          1          1          1         30        385        128         36
                                      ==================================================================================================================
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......          2          2          2          *          *          *          4          4          5          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............          2          2          2          *          *          *          4          4          5          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........          1          1          1          3          2          2          2          2          3          3
    Payments to States from receipts under          2          2          2          3          3          4          4          4          6         10
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................          3          3          3          5          5          6          6          6          9         13
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          *          *
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of             6          6          6          6          6          6          6          8         12         12
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies          6          6          6          6          6          6          6          8         12         12
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................         10         11         11         11         11         12         16         18         26         31
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................        872        847        892        914        911        859        819      1,603      1,612      1,876
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 229]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957       1958       1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance       .........  .........          *         13         14         10         10          9         14         11
     (Defense-related activities).........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................  .........  .........          *         13         14         10         10          9         14         11
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......          2          2          3          3          4          4          4          5          5          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................          2          2          3          3          4          4          4          5          5          6
                                      ==================================================================================================================
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Watershed and flood prevention          .........  .........  .........  .........          6         10         15         13         17         23
     operations...........................
    State and private forestry............         10         10         10         10         10         10         11         11         12         12
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         10         10         10         10         16         20         26         24         29         35
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....          1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........          2         19         36
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection            1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........          2         19         36
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Mines and minerals....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          2
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............          8          8         10         12         15         16         16         16         19         20
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................          8          8         10         12         15         16         16         16         19         22
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................         18         19         21         23         31         36         41         42         67         94
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Extension activities..................         31         31         32         32         32         39         44         50         56         61
    Cooperative State Research Service....         12         12         12         12         13         19         25         29         30         31
    AMS payments to States and possessions          1          1          1          1  .........          1          1          1          1          1
    Price support and related programs:            62         53         38         52        162        178        305        289        174        207
     CCC..................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................        106         98         84         97        207        237        374        369        262        300
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 230]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957       1958       1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Transportation:
    Grants-in-aid for airports (Federal            33         30         33         27         18          8         17         21         43         57
     funds)...............................
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        953      1,493      2,589
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...        432        396        415        501        522        586        729          2         25         25
    Merchant Marine Schools...............          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............        465        426        448        528        540        594        746        976      1,562      2,671
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................        465        426        448        528        540        594        746        976      1,562      2,671
                                      ==================================================================================================================
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................  .........  .........         16         12          2          9         15         10         12          4
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency           .........  .........         16         12          2          9         15         10         12          4
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Public works planning and facilities..          1          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Urban renewal programs................  .........  .........  .........          8         12         34         14         30         37         77
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                   1          *  .........          8         12         34         14         30         37         77
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *
     regional development)................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Alaska and Virgin Islands land use      .........  .........          4          5          5          6          7          4          4          3
     planning and public works............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies  .........  .........          4          5          5          6          7          4          4          3
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................          1          *         20         25         19         48         36         44         53         85
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 231]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957       1958       1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Education:
    Impact aid............................          7         17         91        200        173        203        170        160        178        198
    Education for the disadvantaged.......  .........  .........  .........          4         13          5          1          1          2         44
    Rehabilitation services and disability         25         16         22         22         23         26         35         34         41         45
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
     handicapped..........................
    Vocational and adult education........         26         27         26         25         25         30         33         38         39         38
    Higher education (including college             5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5
     housing loans).......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................         64         65        144        257        239        269        244        238        266        332
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7          6
  Labor:
    Unemployment assistance (Training and          87         67         74         86         70         55         87         91         92         94
     employment--Federal funds)...........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................         87         67         74         86         70         55         87         91         92         94
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Office of Museum and Library Services:  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          5          5
     grants and administration............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          5          5
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................        150        132        217        343        309        324        332        331        370        436
                                      ==================================================================================================================
550 HEALTH
  Health and Human Services:
    Health Resources and Services.........         57        108        125        110         91         75         57         74        110        148
    Disease control (Preventive health)...         20         17         15         11          6          5         28         36          6          6
    National Institutes of Health.........          5          4          4          4          4          3          3          4          4          4
    ***Health Resources and Services......         36         42         44         44         40         39         47         51         56         58
    ***Substance abuse and mental health            3          3          3          3          2          2          3          4          6          6
     services.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.        122        174        192        173        144        125        138        169        182        222
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................        122        174        192        173        144        125        138        169        182        222
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 232]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955       1956       1957       1958       1959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Child nutrition programs...........         83         83         84         83         84         83         82         98        165        216
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         83         83         84         83         84         83         82         98        165        216
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    ***Family support payments to States..      1,123      1,186      1,178      1,330      1,438      1,427      1,455      1,556      1,795      1,966
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      1,123      1,186      1,178      1,330      1,438      1,427      1,455      1,556      1,795      1,966
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    ***Subsidized housing programs........          7          7         12         26         44         67         82         87         95        111
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                   7          7         12         26         44         67         82         87         95        111
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Grants for unemployment services              121        111        113        116        133        139        144        157        199        204
     administration (Federal funds).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................        121        111        113        116        133        139        144        157        199        204
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................      1,335      1,386      1,387      1,555      1,698      1,715      1,763      1,898      2,253      2,497
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    VA State supervision of schools.......          4          3          2          2          2          2          3          2          2          2
    VA State administration of UI Benefits          8          2          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    VA veterans re-use housing............          2          1          1          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    VA educational facilities.............          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Medical care.......................          3          4          4          4          4          5          6          6          6          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................         18         10          7          7          6          8          8          8          8          8
                                      ==================================================================================================================
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......          8          9         14         17         19         16         19         29         27         22
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............          8          9         14         17         19         16         19         29         27         22
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........          5          3          5         12          9         14         11         14         13         14
    Payments to States from receipts under         11         17         15         17         19         22         24         26         32         33
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Assistance to territories.............  .........  .........          5          7          6          6          6          6          7          6
    Payments to the United States           .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          4          4          2          3          4
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         16         19         26         36         34         46         45         48         55         56
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...          *          1          1          1          1          1          1          2          2          2
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of            12         11         11         11         12         22         20         20         20         25
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies         12         11         11         11         12         22         20         20         20         25
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Internal revenue collections for        .........  .........  .........  .........         15         16         18         19         19         21
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues  .........  .........          2          3          4          3          5          5          6          7
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................  .........  .........          2          3         19         19         23         25         24         28
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................         36         40         54         68         84        105        109        123        128        133
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................      2,253      2,287      2,433      2,835      3,056      3,207      3,561      3,974      4,905      6,463
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 233]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  Defense--Military:
    Military construction, Army National    .........  .........  .........         19         14         11          3          1          1          8
     Guard................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Defense--Military.........  .........  .........  .........         19         14         11          3          1          1          8
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance               5         11         17         21         20         22         22         26         26         26
     (Defense-related activities).........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................          5         11         17         40         35         33         25         27         27         34
                                      ==================================================================================================================
150 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
  State:
    East-West Center......................  .........          1          7          7          4          4          6          7          6          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 150..........................  .........          1          7          7          4          4          6          7          6          6
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Energy:
    Emergency conservation and regulation.  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5          6
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......          6          6          7          7          8          9         10         12         13         15
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................          6          6          7          7          8          9         10         12         18         20
                                      ==================================================================================================================
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Resource conservation and development.  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          1          2          7
    Watershed and flood prevention                 33         32         39         57         57         58         69         72         64         64
     operations...........................
    State and private forestry............         11         11         14         16         16         15         19         19         19         22
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         44         44         53         74         73         74         88         92         85         93
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....         40         44         42         52         66         70         81         84        122        135
    Abatement, control, and                 .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5          7         13         14         26
     compliance(including loans)..........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection           40         44         42         52         66         75         88         97        136        161
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Mines and minerals....................          2          *          *          *          *          1          1          *          *  .........
    Colorado River dam fund, Boulder        .........  .........          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
     Canyon project.......................
    Miscellaneous permanent appropriations  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          *          *          *
    Water resources and research..........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............         22         21         20         20         21         20         22         22         31         34
    Land acquisition(land and water         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          3         22         51         44
     conservation fund)...................
    Historic preservation fund............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *
    Miscellaneous expiring appropriations.  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5          6  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         24         21         21         21         21         22         32         51         83         80
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: Flood Control.....  .........  .........          *         17          8         12         18         12         15         15
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Water resources planning..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          2          2
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................        108        109        116        163        168        183        227        254        320        351
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 234]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Salaries and expenses.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          2          3          3          1
    Extension activities..................         61         65         68         72         77         82         87         89         74         81
    Cooperative State Research Service....         31         32         35         37         40         45         51         55         57         58
    AMS payments to States and possessions          1          1          1          1          2          2          2          2          2          2
    Price support and related programs:           149        268        381        353        481        387        227        278        405        610
     CCC..................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................        243        365        485        464        599        517        368        427        542        752
                                      ==================================================================================================================
370 COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
  Commerce:
    Miscellaneous appropriations..........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          1          4          4
    Promote, develop American fishery       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          3          5          6
     products and research................
    Scientific and technical research and   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *  .........          *          *
     services.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          2          4          9         10
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Small Business Administration:
    Small business assistance.............          2          1          *          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 370..........................          2          1          *          *          *          *          2          4          9         10
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Other Independent Agencies:
    WMATA.................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          6
  Transportation:
    Grants-in-aid for airports (Federal            57         65         58         52         65         71         54         64         75        104
     funds)...............................
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF       2,913      2,591      2,752      2,984      3,607      3,980      3,959      3,966      4,117      4,085
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...         29         32         31         39         37         38         43         63         80         77
    Urban mass transportation grants......  .........  .........          *          2          5         11         16         42         66        136
    Merchant Marine Schools...............          1          *          1          *          1          1          *          *          *          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............      2,999      2,688      2,841      3,077      3,716      4,100      4,072      4,135      4,338      4,402
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................      2,999      2,688      2,841      3,077      3,716      4,100      4,072      4,135      4,340      4,408
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 235]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Agriculture:
    Rural community advancement program...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *         11         29         28
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *         11         29         28
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    Economic development assistance         .........  .........          *          3         11          8          7         20        114        145
     programs.............................
    Local public works and drought          .........  .........  .........         15        257        288         85         19          5          2
     assistance programs..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................  .........  .........          *         18        269        297         92         39        119        147
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................          1          7         14         30         21         43        132         53         31          7
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency                   1          7         14         30         21         43        132         53         31          7
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Planning assistance...................          3          3          7         12         15         17         20         22         25         33
    Urban renewal programs................        102        141        163        185        207        281        313        370        475        534
    Public facilities (including Model      .........  .........  .........          *          5          6          8         26         84        144
     cities, water and sewers)............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                 104        144        169        197        227        303        341        418        584        711
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
     regional development)................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Appalachian regional development        .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *         10         60         98        155
     programs.............................
    Alaska and Virgin Islands land use              2          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     planning and public works............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies          2          1  .........  .........  .........          *         10         60         98        155
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................        109        153        185        246        517        643        575        582        862      1,049
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 236]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Education:
    Impact aid............................        237        267        268        330        323        341        378        417        472        375
    Education for the disadvantaged.......         69         50         53         48         69         67        900      1,364      1,455      1,427
    School improvement programs...........  .........  .........         13         15         15         13          2         10         22         28
    Special education.....................          *          1          1          1          1          3          3          2          8         22
    Rehabilitation services and disability         49         55         65         73         88        101        159        185        282        353
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    *          *          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
     handicapped..........................
    Vocational and adult education........         39         40         40         41         41        132        128        233        255        255
    Higher education (including college             5          7         15         14         14         16         57        187        387        350
     housing loans).......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................        400        420        455        523        552        674      1,628      2,401      2,882      2,812
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    Job opportunities and basic skills      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         31
     training program.....................
    Social services block grant...........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        322        347        378
    Children and families services                 13         14         18         24         35         33         98        420        441        330
     programs.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.         13         14         18         24         35         33         98        742        788        738
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................          5          6          7          7          8          9         10         11         12         13
  Labor:
    Training and employment services......  .........  .........  .........  .........         80         87        336        281        556        513
    Unemployment assistance (Training and         100  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     employment--Federal funds)...........
    Unemployment trust fund..........  TF   .........        120        170        131        160        177        237        283        303        317
    Salaries and expenses.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................        100        120        170        131        240        264        573        566        859        830
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Community services program (Social      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         41        229        375        526        615
     services)............................
    Corporation for Public Broadcasting...  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          3          4          8          7          5
    National Endowments for the Arts:       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          5          3          4
     grants...............................
    Office of Museum and Library Services:          7          7          8          7          7         26         41         57         93         68
     grants and administration............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies          7          7          8          7          9         70        274        445        629        692
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................        525        567        658        693        844      1,050      2,583      4,165      5,170      5,085
                                      ==================================================================================================================
550 HEALTH
  Agriculture:
    Food safety and inspection............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1         10
  Health and Human Services:
    Salaries and expenses.................          3          3          4          6         10          5          4  .........  .........  .........
    Health Resources and Services.........        145        158        164        184        189        196        204        239        415        450
    Disease control (Preventive health)...          5          6  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    National Institutes of Health.........          6          9          9         12         11          2          *          2  .........          2
    Substance abuse and mental health       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        171         47
     services.............................
    ***Health Resources and Services......         51         56         75         84        110        137        174        246        293        379
    ***Substance abuse and mental health            5          8         10          7         10         11         12         11         21         30
     services.............................
    ***Grants to States for Medicaid......  .........         23        103        157        210        272        770      1,173      1,806      2,285
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.        214        262        365        450        539        624      1,165      1,672      2,705      3,193
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................        214        262        365        450        539        624      1,165      1,672      2,706      3,203
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 237]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Rural housing assistance grants....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          1          3
    ***Food stamp program.................  .........  .........         14         19         29         32         65        106        171        234
    ***Child nutrition programs...........        232        239        258        262        276        263        291        302        318        336
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        232        239        272        281        305        295        357        408        490        573
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    ***Family support payments to States..      2,059      2,144      2,329      2,572      2,734      2,787      2,758      2,720      3,166      3,618
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      2,059      2,144      2,329      2,572      2,734      2,787      2,758      2,720      3,166      3,618
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    ***Subsidized housing programs........        127        140        154        170        183        208        226        250        283        344
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                 127        140        154        170        183        208        226        250        283        344
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Grants for unemployment services              217          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     administration (Federal funds).......
    Unemployment trust fund            TF   .........        255        298        205        253        223        239        257        248        271
     (administrative expenses).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................        217        257        298        205        253        223        239        257        248        271
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................      2,635      2,780      3,054      3,230      3,475      3,512      3,580      3,636      4,188      4,806
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    Medical care..........................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          1          2          *
    VA State supervision of schools.......          2          1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Medical care.......................          6          8          7          7          8          8          9          9         11         14
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................          8          9          8          8          8          8          9         10         13         14
                                      ==================================================================================================================
750 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
  Justice:
    Justice assistance....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          3          6         28
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Justice...................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          3          6         28
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Equal Employment Opportunity            .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6  .........
     Commission...........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6  .........
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 750..........................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          3         12         28
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 238]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965       1966       1967       1968       1969
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......         30         36         26         28         31         34         36         43         45         53
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         30         36         26         28         31         34         36         43         45         53
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Payments to States under Federal Power          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
     Act..................................
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........         19         19         16         18         17         23         22         24         25         29
    Payments to States from receipts under         36         35         39         47         47         48         47         48         48         51
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Assistance to territories.............          2          2          9          8         12          1         10         11         10         13
    Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands          5          6          6         15         20         13         17         15         21         34
    Payments to the United States                  15         13         12         11         26          9         16         11         12         13
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         77         75         83         98        122         93        111        109        117        139
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...          1          1          2          2          2          2          2          2          2          3
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of            25         25         30         30         38         38         44         58         75         86
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies         25         25         30         30         38         38         44         58         75         86
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Internal revenue collections for               23         25         30         45         45         43         52         59         66         80
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues          8          9         14         13         14         17         20         28         32         35
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................         31         34         44         58         59         60         71         87         98        115
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................        165        172        184        216        251        226        264        299        338        396
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................      7,019      7,126      7,926      8,602     10,164     10,910     12,887     15,233     18,551     20,164
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 239]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  Defense--Military:
    Military construction, Army National           10          8         19         26         33         34         51          8         56         16
     Guard................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Defense--Military.........         10          8         19         26         33         34         51          8         56         16
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance              27         26         26         31         32         39         38          7         40         43
     (Defense-related activities).........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................         37         34         45         57         64         74         89         15         96         60
                                      ==================================================================================================================
150 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
  State:
    East-West Center......................          5          5          5          6          7  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 150..........................          5          5          5          6          7  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Energy:
    Emergency conservation and regulation.          9          8          5          5          5          7          8          7          6        100
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......         16         20         26         27         31         37         48         20         68         80
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................         25         28         31         33         36         43         56         27         74        180
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 240]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Resource conservation and development.          8         12          7          8          8          9         13          3         11         17
    Watershed and flood prevention                 74         74         80         79         97         94        114         27        115         99
     operations...........................
    Forest and rangeland research.........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          8
    State and private forestry............         21         21         26         26         26         32         40          3         22         25
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        104        107        113        112        131        136        167         33        148        149
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    NOAA: Operations, research, and         .........          4         20         26         18         18         23          6         19         18
     facilities...........................
    NOAA: Coastal zone management.........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7         13          5         22         24
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................  .........          4         20         26         18         24         36         11         41         42
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....        176        478        413        684      1,553      1,938      2,429        919      3,530      3,187
    Abatement, control, and                        18         42         46         61         70         87        134         36        194        203
     compliance(including loans)..........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection          194        520        460        745      1,623      2,025      2,563        955      3,724      3,390
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Mines and minerals....................          2         -2          2          2          1          4          1         -*          *          *
    Water and related resources...........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3
    Colorado River dam fund, Boulder                1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
     Canyon project.......................
    Miscellaneous permanent appropriations          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Water resources and research..........  .........          8         11          8          7          9         10          2  .........  .........
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............         43         45         54         58         54         72         73         17         90         91
    Parks and recreation..................  .........          *          *          *          *          *          *  .........          *         12
    Land acquisition(land and water                46         62         89        107        151        157        156         43        156        180
     conservation fund)...................
    Historic preservation fund............  .........          1          4          4          5          6          6          2          9         10
    Youth conservation corps..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          9          *         18         18
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         91        116        161        180        219        247        256         65        274        314
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: Flood Control.....         19          4          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Water resources planning..............          2          4          3          3          3          5          5  .........          2          3
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................        411        755        758      1,066      1,995      2,437      3,027      1,064      4,189      3,898
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Salaries and expenses.................          1          1          7  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Extension activities..................        106        134        147        158        162        183        181         48        198        252
    Cooperative State Research Service....         60         67         72         80         83         92        101         28        117         87
    AMS payments to States and possessions          2          2          2          2          2          *         -*          *          *          1
    Price support and related programs:           434        387        268        244        234        128        143         47         56         87
     CCC..................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................        604        591        496        484        481        404        425        123        371        426
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 241]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
  Commerce:
    Miscellaneous appropriations..........          4          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Minority business development.........  .........  .........          *          2          3          2          4          2          8         13
    Scientific and technical research and           *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     services.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................          4          2          *          2          3          2          4          2          8         13
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 370..........................          4          2          *          2          3          2          4          2          8         13
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Other Independent Agencies:
    WMATA.................................         16         35         84         76        170        175        170         52        290        149
  Transportation:
    Coast Guard recreational boating        .........  .........          2          4          4          5          5          1          7          6
     safety...............................
    Grants for airports (Airport and   TF   .........         61        105        232        243        292        269         26        335        562
     airway trust fund)..............
    Grants-in-aid for airports (Federal            83  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     funds)...............................
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF       4,300      4,561      4,562      4,604      4,361      4,573      6,132      1,605      5,799      5,807
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...         95        104        121        101         76         46         57         12        101        146
    Other Trust fund aid for highways  TF   .........          2          4          7          9          8          1          3         11         24
    Highway safety grants............  TF   .........  .........          7         32         66         74         81         26        116        133
    Rail service assistance...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          2          5         22         35
    Urban mass transportation grants......        104        156        179        291        348        689      1,262        279      1,616      1,972
    Research and special programs           .........  .........          *  .........          1          1          1          1          2          1
     (pipeline safety and other)..........
    Merchant Marine Schools...............          *          *          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............      4,583      4,884      4,981      5,273      5,109      5,688      7,810      1,955      8,009      8,687
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................      4,599      4,919      5,065      5,349      5,279      5,864      7,980      2,007      8,299      8,837
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 242]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Agriculture:
    Rural community advancement program...         25         26         35         42         34         35         75         24        113        180
    Rural community fire protection grants  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          4          1          4          3
    Rural development planning grants.....  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          4          7          3         10         10
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         25         26         35         42         34         41         86         28        126        193
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    Economic development assistance               156        176        167        194        202        209        202         59        165        260
     programs.............................
    Local public works and drought                  1          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........        579      3,108
     assistance programs..................
    Regional development programs.........  .........          1         16         22         21         19         21          2         17         18
    Regional development commissions.  TF           1          1         10         16         16         22         53         17         47         43
    Coastal energy impact fund............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................        158        178        193        232        240        250        276         78        808      3,429
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster assistance.............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................         61        122         88        156        107        131        252         59        168        209
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency                  61        122         88        156        107        131        252         59        168        210
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Planning assistance...................         41         49         47         74         99         96         92         20         76         67
    Community development block grants....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         38        983        439      2,089      2,464
    Urban renewal programs................      1,054      1,026      1,218      1,010      1,205      1,374      1,166        295        899        392
    Public facilities (including Model            254        505        704        836        726        601        271         33         80         46
     cities, water and sewers)............
    New community assistance grants.......  .........  .........          *          *          1          3          1          *          2          1
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               1,349      1,581      1,969      1,921      2,030      2,112      2,513        787      3,146      2,971
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and          2          2          2         10          4          2          2          *  .........         17
     regional development)................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................          2          2          2         10          4          2          2          *  .........         17
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Appalachian regional development              184        229        235        260        286        306        315         72        246        257
     programs.............................
    Alaska and Virgin Islands land use      .........  .........  .........          1          1          *          1          *          1  .........
     planning and public works............
    Alaska land use planning:          TF   .........  .........  .........          *          1          1          *          *          1  .........
     cooperative funds...............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        184        229        235        261        287        307        316         72        247        257
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................      1,780      2,138      2,523      2,623      2,702      2,842      3,445      1,024      4,496      7,078
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 243]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Commerce:
    Job opportunities program.............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         22        269         79         98         12
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         22        269         79         98         12
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Education:
    Indian education......................  .........  .........  .........  .........         10         24         25         13         47         56
    Impact aid............................        622        493        602        519        529        577        558         66        719        706
    Education for the disadvantaged.......      1,470      1,798      1,883      1,819      1,615      2,184      2,108        647      2,225      2,666
    School improvement programs...........         86        163        178        161        399        332        218         60        274        291
    English language acquisition..........  .........  .........  .........  .........         50         93         51         48        115        135
    Special education.....................         31         29         33         40         43         58         90         16        120        226
    Rehabilitation services and disability        441        486        544        598        649        810        836        235        870        868
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    1          2          2          2          2          2          2          1          3          3
     handicapped..........................
    Vocational and adult education........        285        410        501        592        569        653        748         90        692        691
    Higher education (including college           342        309        216        187         68         61          8          2         21          6
     housing loans).......................
    ***Student financial assistance.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         22         35          6         62         56
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................      3,279      3,689      3,959      3,917      3,935      4,815      4,679      1,184      5,149      5,703
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    Job opportunities and basic skills             81        123        163        266        323        304        299         84        348        353
     training program.....................
    Social services block grant...........        574        785      1,931      1,613      1,471      2,047      2,251        561      2,534      2,809
    Children and families services                390        430        508        459        609        803        759        200        950      1,119
     programs.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      1,045      1,338      2,602      2,338      2,403      3,154      3,310        846      3,832      4,281
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................         16         21         24         23         25         24         12          2          5          5
  Labor:
    Temporary employment assistance.......  .........  .........        558      1,002        598        372      1,887        519      2,340      4,769
    Training and employment services......        954      1,107      1,156        987      1,137      2,504      2,853        980      2,940      4,251
    Community service employment for older  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3         24
     Americans............................
    State unemployment insurance and        .........  .........  .........         64         60        -19        182        -26         53         46
     employment service operations........
    Unemployment trust fund..........  TF         351        357        360        363        374        481        344        170        551        582
    Salaries and expenses.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      1,305      1,464      2,075      2,416      2,169      3,339      5,266      1,648      5,887      9,673
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Community services program (Social            648        715        708        676        622        493        380        116        499        537
     services)............................
    Corporation for Public Broadcasting...         15         23         35         35         48         62         70         26        103        119
    National Endowments for the Arts:               4          5          6          7          8         14         17          6         20         19
     grants...............................
    Office of Museum and Library Services:        105         71         68         85        137        210        137         16        160        209
     grants and administration............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        772        814        818        803        814        779        605        163        782        884
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................      6,417      7,326      9,478      9,497      9,345     12,133     14,141      3,921     15,753     20,557
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 244]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 HEALTH
  Agriculture:
    Food safety and inspection............         18         27         29         29         30         33         30          6         27         27
  Executive Office of the President:
    Special Action Office for Drug Abuse    .........  .........  .........  .........          6         10          7          *          *          1
     Prevention...........................
  Health and Human Services:
    Health Resources and Services.........        578        570        569        484        558        672        768        168        884        494
    Disease control (Preventive health)...          2          5          1         46         51         59         67         11         74         58
    Substance abuse and mental health              66         50        103  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     services.............................
    ***Health Resources and Services......        380        364        513        520        530        567        905        142        740        818
    ***Substance abuse and mental health           80        116        187        319        302        590        535        156        471        605
     services.............................
    ***Grants to States for Medicaid......      2,727      3,362      4,601      4,600      5,818      6,840      8,568      2,229      9,876     10,680
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      3,832      4,467      5,974      5,969      7,259      8,729     10,844      2,706     12,044     12,655
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Occupational and mine safety..........  .........          *          7         11         27         38         34          9         32         42
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................      3,849      4,494      6,010      6,009      7,322      8,810     10,914      2,721     12,104     12,725
                                      ==================================================================================================================
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Funds for strengthening markets,     .........  .........        580        728        743        451        277         62         38        269
     income, and supply (section 32)......
    ***Rural housing assistance grants....          6          3          1          4          3          3          3          1          7          6
    ***Mutual and self-help housing grants  .........          *          1          1          3          3          3          1          4          4
    ***Food stamp program.................        559         20         27         31         48        136        267         65        271        299
    ***Commodity donations/assistance       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          8          *         48         52
     programs.............................
    ***Supplemental feeding programs (WIC   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        141         41        242        371
     and CSFP)............................
    ***Child nutrition programs...........        379        603        707        685        793      1,565      1,878        390      2,775      2,526
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        944        627      1,316      1,450      1,589      2,159      2,576        560      3,385      3,527
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    Family support payments to States.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         96         36        186        247
    Payments to States from receipts for    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
     child support........................
    ***Family support payments to States..      4,142      5,486      6,559      5,922      5,423      5,121      5,753      1,570      6,165      6,369
    ***Low income home energy assistance..  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        110        193
    ***Refugee and entrant assistance.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         56
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      4,142      5,486      6,559      5,922      5,423      5,121      5,849      1,606      6,461      6,865
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    ***Public housing operating fund......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        178        128        506        691
    ***Subsidized housing programs........        436        558        749      1,049      1,116      1,326      1,410        283      1,309      1,721
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban                 436        558        749      1,049      1,116      1,326      1,588        411      1,814      2,412
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Unemployment trust fund            TF         273        402        416        452        458        636        868        209        964        939
     (administrative expenses).......
    ***Special benefits for disabled coal   .........          1          *  .........          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     miners...............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................        273        403        416        452        458        636        868        209        964        939
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
    ***Supplemental security income         .........  .........  .........  .........         47        110         67          5         39         39
     program..............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................      5,795      7,074      9,040      8,872      8,633      9,352     10,948      2,791     12,663     13,782
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 245]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975       1976        TQ        1977       1978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    Medical care..........................          1          1          *          1          1          7         21          5         31         35
    ***Medical care.......................         17         18         18         20         25         26         31          8         48         41
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................         18         19         19         20         26         32         52         13         79         76
                                      ==================================================================================================================
750 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
  Justice:
    Prisons...............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          4
    Justice assistance....................         41        196        321        526        637        722        789        168        706        559
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Justice...................         41        196        321        526        637        722        789        168        707        563
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Equal Employment Opportunity                    1          1          1          1          2          3          6          1          6          9
     Commission...........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies          1          1          1          1          2          3          6          1          6          9
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 750..........................         42        197        322        528        639        725        795        169        713        572
                                      ==================================================================================================================
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......         79         73         58         86        115        121         89        110         50        226
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............         79         73         58         86        115        121         89        110         50        226
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Payments to States under Federal Power          *          *          *          *          *          *          5          *  .........          *
     Act..................................
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........         34         31         34         40         50         64         56         62         36        117
    Payments to States from receipts under         53         54         56         56         57        117        120         78        105        175
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Payments in lieu of taxes.............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        100         98
    Assistance to territories.............          9         11         13         16         17         16         19         16         36         61
    Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands         40         49         51         61         63         69         82         21         84         84
    Payments to the United States                  14         13         19         22         17         17         33          3         19         22
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        149        158        172        195        203        283        310        181        381        557
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Office of Personnel Management:
    Intergovernmental personnel assistance  .........  .........          3         14         14         15         15          4         13         19
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...          3          3          3          3          3          4          4          4  .........          5
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of           115        139        174        182        187        226        226         89        276        304
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        115        139        174        182        187        226        226         89        276        304
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Antirecession financial assistance      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,699      1,329
     fund.................................
    General revenue sharing trust      TF   .........  .........  .........      6,636      6,106      6,130      6,243      1,588      6,758      6,823
     fund............................
    Internal revenue collections for               85         85        101        109        101        122        139         29        157        188
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues         48         58         73         77         95        172        187         39        238        237
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................        133        143        175      6,823      6,302      6,423      6,569      1,655      8,852      8,577
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................        479        516        584      7,302      6,824      7,072      7,218      2,043      9,571      9,687
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................     24,065     28,099     34,375     41,847     43,357     49,791     59,094     15,920     68,415     77,889
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 246]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  Defense--Military:
    Operation and maintenance, Navy.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5  .........
    Research, development, test, and        .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          2
     evaluation, Navy.....................
    Military construction, Army National           49         54         30         29         41         40         52         95        107        104
     Guard................................
    National defense stockpile transaction  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Defense--Military.........         49         54         30         29         41         40         52         95        113        108
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance              44         39         45         39         45         55        105         81         80         80
     (Defense-related activities).........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................         94         93         75         68         86         95        157        177        193        188
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Energy:
    Emergency conservation and regulation.         83        384        480        346        317        356        314        311        242        230
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Assistance for solar and conservation   .........  .........  .........  .........          *          8         27         32         10          3
     improvements.........................
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......        100        116        137        163        165        170        188        196        203        225
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................        183        499        617        509        482        534        529        538        455        457
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 247]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Resource conservation and development.         19         14         17         13         14         17         11         10          7         11
    Watershed and flood prevention                123         57         71        144        134        151        160        169        124        114
     operations...........................
    Forest and rangeland research.........          8          8          6         10          9          7          1          8         13         14
    State and private forestry............         42         31         28         32         32         28         26         25         27         37
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        191        111        121        199        189        204        198        212        171        176
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    NOAA: Operations, research, and                43         69         47         50         80        109        143        139        158        140
     facilities...........................
    NOAA: Coastal zone management.........         27         41         50         33         43         31         24  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         70        110         97         83        123        140        167        139        158        140
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....      3,756      4,343      3,881      3,756      2,983      2,619      2,889      3,109      2,919      2,514
    Abatement, control, and                       206        260        300        320        270        246        262        260        290        295
     compliance(including loans)..........
    Hazardous substance superfund....  TF   .........  .........  .........          3         13         57         47         49         42         78
    Leaking underground storage tank   TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7
     trust fund......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection        3,963      4,603      4,181      4,079      3,266      2,921      3,197      3,419      3,251      2,895
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Mines and minerals....................         13         25         27         72         80        103        144        164        179        195
    Colorado River dam fund, Boulder                1          1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Canyon project.......................
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............         96        124        141        149        155        155        155        161        119        134
    Fish and Wildlife Service (Sport   TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         39         85        122
     fish restoration)...............
    Parks and recreation..................         10         10         16         35         31         39         44          7          4          1
    Land acquisition(land and water               239        307        292        211        144        166        135         90         80         59
     conservation fund)...................
    Historic preservation fund............         28         47         51         36         31         51         29         25         25         25
    Youth conservation corps..............         18         16         11          6         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Miscellaneous expiring appropriations.  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        404        531        538        510        440        513        506        486        493        537
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Water resources planning..............          3          8          7  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................      4,631      5,363      4,944      4,872      4,018      3,779      4,069      4,255      4,073      3,747
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Salaries and expenses.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          8          3  .........  .........  .........
    Extension activities..................        273        288        301        307        323        330        338        340        319        318
    Cooperative State Research Service....         99        110        117        129        126        139        141        260        281        302
    AMS payments to States and possessions          1          2          2          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
    Price support and related programs:            84        169        409        548      1,366      1,306      1,888      1,281      1,445      1,400
     CCC..................................
    Commodity assistance program..........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7         49         50         50         46         49
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................        456        569        829        986      1,822      1,832      2,420      1,932      2,092      2,069
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 248]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
  Agriculture:
    Miscellaneous expiring appropriations.  .........          1          2          1          *          *  .........         -*  .........  .........
  Commerce:
    Miscellaneous appropriations..........  .........  .........  .........  .........         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Minority business development.........         12          2          2          2          2          2          2          2          1          1
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         12          2          2          2          2          2          2          2          1          1
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Small Business Administration:
    Small business assistance.............  .........  .........  .........  .........         59  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 370..........................         12          3          4          3         62          2          2          2          1          1
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Other Independent Agencies:
    WMATA.................................        577         34          3          5          3          8         25          7          6          9
  Transportation:
    Coast Guard recreational boating                4          2          *  .........          5  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     safety...............................
    Boat safety......................  TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         11         12         23         22         31
    Grants for airports (Airport and   TF         556        590        469        339        453        694        789        853        917        825
     airway trust fund)..............
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF       6,825      8,675      8,641      7,590      8,529     10,072     12,434     13,785     12,414     13,665
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...        266        230        155        106        232        307        254        153         73         64
    Other Trust fund aid for highways  TF          49         93         84         43         17         12         12         12         12         23
    National motor carrier safety      TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          9         14         26         47
     program.........................
    Highway safety grants............  TF         189        210        226        164        119        129        132        147        124        127
    Rail service assistance...............         53         54         51         55         47         34         35         22         22         22
    Conrail commuter transition assistance  .........  .........  .........         25        135  .........  .........  .........  .........          1
    Urban mass transportation grants.  TF   .........  .........  .........  .........          3        233        507        633        668        696
    Urban mass transportation grants......      2,408      3,129      3,771      3,782      3,655      3,483      2,797      2,666      2,586      2,531
    Research and special programs                   2          3          3          2          3          3          4          4          4          3
     (pipeline safety and other)..........
    Merchant Marine Schools...............          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............     10,354     12,988     13,401     12,105     13,197     14,980     16,984     18,310     16,867     18,034
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................     10,931     13,022     13,404     12,110     13,200     14,988     17,009     18,318     16,873     18,043
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 249]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Agriculture:
    Rural community advancement program...        287        325        269        210        157        135        176        178        157        137
    Rural community fire protection grants          3          3          4          3          2          3          3          3          3          3
    Rural development planning grants.....         15         17         14          8          4          1          1          1  .........  .........
    Rural development loan fund             .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
     liquidating account..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        306        346        287        221        163        139        180        182        160        142
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    Economic development assistance               345        452        408        323        248        248        263        253        205        211
     programs.............................
    Local public works and drought              1,750        416         83         39         17         10          2          2          1          *
     assistance programs..................
    Regional development programs.........         19         60         31         10          5         -1         10          *          *          *
    Regional development commissions.  TF          45         44         43         16          3          2          *         -*          *  .........
    Coastal energy impact fund............          3          4          2          1         -2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................      2,162        976        567        389        270        260        275        255        205        211
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Energy conservation...................          *          7         15         10  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster assistance.............          3          5  .........          4          5         10         17         10          9          9
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................        224        375        268        110        182        207        163        288        193        164
    FEMA: National insurance development    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2  .........  .........
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency                 227        380        268        114        186        216        180        300        201        173
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Subsidized housing programs...........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         15        142        166        180
    Planning assistance...................         62         52         39         20          3         -*         -*  .........  .........  .........
    Community development block grants....      3,161      3,902      4,042      3,792      3,554      3,819      3,817      3,326      2,967      3,050
    Urban development action grants.......         73        225        371        388        451        454        497        461        354        216
    Supplemental assistance for facilities  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3
     for the homeless.....................
    Urban renewal programs................        298        214        156        101         38         24         28         13  .........  .........
    Miscellaneous appropriations..........  .........  .........  .........          1         -*         -*         -*         -*         -*  .........
    Public facilities (including Model             38         20         19          9          3          4  .........  .........          7        109
     cities, water and sewers)............
    New community assistance grants.......          *          *          1          1          *          *          1          *  .........          *
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               3,632      4,413      4,628      4,310      4,048      4,300      4,357      3,941      3,494      3,557
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and         18         18         18         17         17         16         16         11          8         24
     regional development)................
    Payment to White Earth economic         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7          *
     development fund.....................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         18         18         18         17         17         16         16         11         14         24
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Appalachian regional development              297        335        329        304        262        209        198        154        141        141
     programs.............................
    Payment to Neighborhood Reinvestment    .........         12         12         14         16         16         16         18         19         19
     Corporation..........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        297        347        341        318        278        225        213        172        160        160
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................      6,641      6,486      6,124      5,379      4,962      5,157      5,221      4,861      4,235      4,266
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 250]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Commerce:
    Job opportunities program.............          2          5          *          1          1          1          *          *          *          *
    Public telecommunications facilities,           9         20         20         12         23         17         19         18         22         20
     planning and construction............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         11         25         20         14         23         18         19         18         22         20
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Corps of Engineers:
    Payment to the Henry M. Jackson         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         10  .........
     Foundation...........................
  Education:
    Indian education......................         57         90         52         74         65         67         78         59         37         18
    Impact aid............................        858        622        693        546        548        567        629        678        695        694
    Chicago litigation settlement.........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
    Education for the disadvantaged.......      2,965      3,370      3,345      2,939      2,629      3,067      4,194      3,392      3,199      4,016
    School improvement programs...........        395        523        627        636        509        570        479        575        785        384
    English language acquisition..........        149        166        160        110        108        112        111         98        103        130
    Special education.....................        456        810      1,023      1,131      1,125        791        928      1,596      1,159      1,355
    Rehabilitation services and disability        946        956        978        780        852      1,301        733      1,198      1,280      1,409
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    4          4          5          5          5          4          4          3          6          5
     handicapped..........................
    Promotion of education for the     TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *         -*          *          *
     blind...........................
    Vocational and adult education........        769        854        723        802        705        719        633      1,008      1,225      1,261
    Higher education (including college            24         20         11          3          3  .........         14          6         15         21
     housing loans).......................
    ***Student financial assistance.......         62         78         78         57         51         70         76         82         66         68
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................      6,685      7,493      7,694      7,084      6,600      7,266      7,881      8,696      8,571      9,360
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    State legalization impact assistance    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          9
     grants...............................
    Job opportunities and basic skills            372        383        368        222        281        259        274        227        137         90
     training program.....................
    Social services block grant...........      3,091      2,763      2,646      2,567      2,508      2,789      2,743      2,671      2,688      2,666
    Children and families services              1,199      1,548      1,735      1,770      2,024      2,070      2,179      2,181      2,132      2,406
     programs.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      4,662      4,694      4,749      4,560      4,813      5,118      5,196      5,079      4,956      5,171
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................          7          7          5          5          5          5          2         22         23  .........
  Labor:
    Temporary employment assistance.......      3,285      1,796        852         38         45        -15        -18  .........  .........  .........
    Training and employment services......      5,397      6,191      5,926      3,295      3,187      2,555      2,775      3,019      2,929      2,958
    Community service employment for older         35         45         52         56         51         59         70         71         68         62
     Americans............................
    State unemployment insurance and               65         24         51         24         -5         16        -27         25         38         29
     employment service operations........
    Unemployment trust fund..........  TF         610        710        730        685        724        763        918        932        901        950
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      9,392      8,766      7,611      4,097      4,003      3,378      3,719      4,046      3,936      3,998
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Community services program (Social            553        547        576        131        -18        -12         -1         -2         -3         -*
     services)............................
    Corporation for Public Broadcasting...        120        152        162        172        137        138        150        160        200        214
    National Endowments for the Arts:              22         20         20         18         28         26         30         36         31         32
     grants...............................
    Office of Museum and Library Services:        255        158         80        107        126         84         84        104        127         99
     grants and administration............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        950        876        838        427        273        236        262        298        356        345
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Social services claims................        543  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................     22,249     21,862     20,917     16,187     15,717     16,020     17,080     18,158     17,874     18,894
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 251]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 HEALTH
  Agriculture:
    Food safety and inspection............         30         30         30         29         29         32         33         33         34         35
  Executive Office of the President:
    Special Action Office for Drug Abuse            1          *         -*          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Prevention...........................
  Health and Human Services:
    Health Resources and Services.........        293         25        240          4         55  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Disease control (Preventive health)...         93        103        114        120        165        154        162        164        182        213
    Health activities funds...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         27
    ***Health Resources and Services......        913        916        968        591        429      1,025      1,037      1,078      1,128      1,079
    ***Substance abuse and mental health          594        679        664        656        506        501        501        494        622        720
     services.............................
    ***Grants to States for Medicaid......     12,407     13,957     16,833     17,391     18,985     20,061     22,655     24,995     27,435     30,462
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.     14,301     15,679     18,820     18,762     20,141     21,741     24,356     26,731     29,368     32,500
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Occupational and mine safety..........         45         48         45         47         54         64         62         59         65         51
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................     14,377     15,758     18,895     18,839     20,224     21,837     24,451     26,823     29,466     32,586
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 252]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Funds for strengthening markets,           270        456        285        379        541        408        467        351        381        373
     income, and supply (section 32)......
    ***Rural housing assistance grants....          6         13         17         20         16         11          3         17         19         26
    ***Mutual and self-help housing grants          5          6          7          8          7          8          8          7          6          7
    ***Food stamp program.................        324        412        489        752      1,444      1,547      1,710      1,792      1,959      1,993
    ***Commodity donations/assistance              64        101        104        121        171        202        210        219        220        243
     programs.............................
    ***Supplemental feeding programs (WIC         542        716        928        928      1,123      1,365      1,495      1,577      1,669      1,801
     and CSFP)............................
    ***Child nutrition programs...........      2,862      3,388      3,359      2,875      3,115      3,361      3,480      3,678      3,922      4,158
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............      4,072      5,093      5,189      5,084      6,417      6,901      7,372      7,642      8,178      8,601
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    ***Emergency food and shelter program.  .........  .........  .........  .........         79         58         69         89        114        120
  Health and Human Services:
    Program administration................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6          3         10
    Family support payments to States.....        252        384        439        459        497        487        577  .........  .........  .........
    Payments to States from receipts for            *          *          1          1          1          *          *          *          *          *
     child support........................
    ***Family support payments to States..      6,331      6,888      7,694      7,488      7,844      8,311      8,592      9,877     10,540     10,764
    ***Low income home energy assistance..        186      1,180      1,653      1,685      1,991      2,024      2,139      2,046      1,829      1,585
    ***Refugee and entrant assistance.....        132        338        641        878        504        585        420        422        374        312
    ***Payments to States for foster care   .........  .........        557        402        408        648        738        794        783        988
     and adoption assistance..............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      6,901      8,791     10,985     10,912     11,245     12,057     12,466     13,145     13,529     13,660
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    ***Public housing operating fund......        654        824        929      1,008      1,542      1,135      1,205      1,181      1,388      1,489
    ***Subsidized housing programs........      2,119      2,610      3,105      3,883      4,151      4,611      5,197      5,221      4,588      5,880
    ***Low-rent public housing--loans and   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,012      1,393      1,210
     other expenses.......................
    ***Emergency shelter grants program...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2         23
    ***Transitional housing program.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         11
    ***Congregate services................  .........          *          1          3          3          4          5          4          4          5
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               2,773      3,435      4,034      4,894      5,695      5,750      6,407      7,418      7,375      8,618
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    State unemployment insurance and        .........  .........  .........          5         15          4  .........  .........  .........  .........
     employment service operations........
    Unemployment trust fund            TF         952      1,138      1,315      1,417      1,702      1,548      1,576      1,570      1,560      1,610
     (administrative expenses).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................        952      1,138      1,315      1,422      1,718      1,552      1,576      1,570      1,560      1,610
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
    ***Supplemental security income                41         39         45         20         13          8  .........  .........  .........  .........
     program..............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................     14,740     18,495     21,569     22,332     25,166     26,326     27,890     29,864     30,755     32,608
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    Medical care..........................         37         41         24          5          7          6          7          5          *         -*
    Burial benefits.......................  .........          *          1          1          2          1          1          4          1          *
    ***Medical care.......................         49         49         50         57         57         59         84         81         94        106
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................         86         90         74         63         66         66         91         90         95        106
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 253]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1979       1980       1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Fair housing activities...............  .........  .........          1          2          5          6          5          5          6          8
  Justice:
    Assets forfeiture fund................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         17         47         77
    Prisons...............................          8          9          8          9          9          3          6          7          3          3
    Justice assistance....................        497        504        308        159         69         40         64         89        148        239
    Crime victims fund....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         11         49         58
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Justice...................        505        513        316        168         79         44         69        124        248        377
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Equal Employment Opportunity                   12         16         15         17         18         19         20         21         20         20
     Commission...........................
    State Justice Institute: salaries and   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          3
     expenses.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies         12         16         15         17         18         19         20         21         20         23
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Treasury forfeiture fund..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5          6         11
    Payments to the Government of Puerto    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          8          8
     Rico.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5         14         19
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 750..........................        517        529        332        187        101         69         95        155        288        427
                                      ==================================================================================================================
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......        241        280        241        243        144        203        236        399        303        305
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        241        280        241        243        144        203        236        399        303        305
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Payments to States under Federal Power          *          *          *          *          1          *          1          *          1          2
     Act..................................
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........         95        109        116        115         55         68        146         31         89         86
    Payments to States from receipts under        210        268        331        536        535        736        539        423        375        396
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Payments to Papago trust and            .........  .........  .........  .........         15  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     cooperative fund.....................
    Payments in lieu of taxes.............        105        103        104         96         96        104        103        100        105        103
    Assistance to territories.............         77         52         73        115         65         67         76         77         52         70
    Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands        105         68        117        131        131        104        106         93         38         35
    Payments to the United States                  27         49        113         66         59         65         53         78         71         71
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        619        649        855      1,058        956      1,145      1,023        802        731        762
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Office of Personnel Management:
    Intergovernmental personnel assistance         19         19         18          7          *         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...          6          5          5          5          6          6          7          7          7          5
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of           275        339        365        402        427        486        548        530        560        550
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        275        339        365        402        427        486        548        530        560        550
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Antirecession financial assistance              *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     fund.................................
    General revenue sharing trust      TF       6,848      6,829      5,137      4,569      4,614      4,567      4,584      5,114         76         -*
     fund............................
    Internal revenue collections for              213        217        240        245        316        365        336        205        225        210
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues        214        278         58         69         76         77        105        100         97        116
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................      7,275      7,324      5,435      4,883      5,007      5,009      5,024      5,420        398        326
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................      8,434      8,616      6,918      6,599      6,541      6,849      6,838      7,159      2,000      1,950
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................     83,351     91,385     94,704     88,134     92,448     97,553    105,852    112,331    108,400    115,342
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 254]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  Defense--Military:
    Operation and maintenance, Defense-     .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         63  .........  .........  .........  .........
     wide.................................
    Operation and maintenance, Navy.......          4  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Research, development, test, and                1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     evaluation, Navy.....................
    Research, development, test, and                2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     evaluation, Army.....................
    Military construction, Army National          131        150        104        218         53         10          4         15  .........          5
     Guard................................
    National defense stockpile transaction         28  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Defense--Military.........        165        150        104        218         53         73          4         15  .........          5
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance              88         91         80        100         99         96         64         23  .........          7
     (Defense-related activities).........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................        253        241        185        318        152        169         68         38  .........         12
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Energy:
    Emergency conservation and regulation.        187        228        214        207        223        218        240        225        168        160
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Assistance for solar and conservation           1          *          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     improvements.........................
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......        232        233        243        241        237        248        252        256        272        264
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................        420        461        457        448        460        466        492        481        440        424
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 255]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Resource conservation and development.          9         19         22          5          8          1          5          3          2          1
    Watershed and flood prevention                 94        122        133        113        128        187        244        228        174         63
     operations...........................
    Rural community advancement program...  .........  .........  .........          1          3          3  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Forest and rangeland research.........         15          *          1          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    State and private forestry............         40         56         72         96         85         78        103         81        101         96
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        158        197        228        214        224        269        352        312        277        160
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    NOAA: Operations, research, and               151         93        126         49         59         53         14         26          2         70
     facilities...........................
    NOAA: Coastal zone management.........  .........  .........  .........          6          4          9         -3          1          5  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................        151         93        126         55         64         62         11         27          7         70
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....      2,354      2,290      2,389      2,412      2,109      1,962      2,455      2,573      2,719      2,597
    Abatement, control, and                       299        341        357        408        496        484        241          4  .........  .........
     compliance(including loans)..........
    Hazardous substance superfund....  TF         120        198        262        154        187        189        153        140        135         95
    Leaking underground storage tank   TF          24         45         63         64         59         65         63         62         53         54
     trust fund......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection        2,797      2,874      3,071      3,038      2,852      2,700      2,912      2,779      2,907      2,746
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    National forests fund, Payment to       .........  .........  .........  .........          2          2          2          3          4          3
     States...............................
    Leases of lands for flood control,      .........  .........  .........  .........          1          1          1          1          1          1
     navigation, etc......................
    Mines and minerals....................        181        200        197        166        170        203        191        193        233        238
    Bureau of Reclamation loan program      .........  .........  .........          1          2          5          6         13         10         19
     account..............................
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............        106        141        156        170        181        190        199        228        232        225
    Fish and Wildlife Service (Sport   TF         146        179        200        227        231        218        237        219        230        251
     fish restoration)...............
    Parks and recreation..................          2          2          *          3          7          7          4          4          2          1
    Land acquisition(land and water                37         27         27         20         24         30         23          2         20  .........
     conservation fund)...................
    Historic preservation fund............         28         31         34         35         37         39         47         41         40         40
    Everglades watershed protection.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         35          4
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        500        580        614        621        656        696        710        704        807        782
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................      3,606      3,745      4,040      3,929      3,796      3,727      3,985      3,822      3,998      3,758
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Fund for rural America................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          6
    Extension activities..................        360        364        367        404        404        436        435        403        420        413
    Outreach for socially disadvantaged     .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          3          2          1
     farmers..............................
    Cooperative State Research Service....        343        350        396        219        213        225        225        223        207        219
    AMS payments to States and possessions          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
    State mediation grants................  .........  .........  .........          2          3          3          3          2          3          3
    Price support and related programs:           493        403        288        349        281        149        115          9          1         25
     CCC..................................
    Agricultural resource conservation      .........  .........  .........  .........          9          4  .........  .........  .........  .........
     demonstration program account........
    Commodity assistance program..........        161        167        168        165        163        119  .........  .........  .........  .........
    P.L. 102-552 Temporary Assistance.....  .........  .........  .........  .........         42  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................      1,359      1,285      1,220      1,142      1,117        937        780        641        634        668
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 256]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
  Commerce:
    Miscellaneous appropriations..........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *  .........  .........  .........  .........
    USTS: Tourism marketing programs......  .........  .........  .........          2          3          3  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Promote, develop American fishery       .........  .........  .........          3          3          4          2          4          5          9
     products and research................
    Industrial technology services........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          1          3          4          4  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................  .........  .........  .........          5          6          8          5          8          9          9
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Emergency assistance to Rhode Island    .........  .........  .........          6  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     program account......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 370..........................  .........  .........  .........         11          6          8          5          8          9          9
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Other Independent Agencies:
    WMATA.................................          3          8          4          1          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
  Transportation:
    Research, development, test, and        .........  .........  .........          *          *          1          1          1  .........  .........
     evaluation...........................
    Port safety development...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         15          5  .........
    Boat safety......................  TF          27         26         35         36         37         39         62         40         26         32
    Grants for airports (Airport and   TF       1,135      1,220      1,541      1,672      1,931      1,620      1,859      1,655      1,489      1,511
     airway trust fund)..............
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF      13,196     13,854     14,124     14,884     15,895     18,139     18,945     19,366     20,304     19,791
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...         72         63         48        117        236        233        198        237        181        248
    Other Trust fund aid for highways  TF          17         37         38         46         74         85        102         85         56         46
    National motor carrier safety      TF          54         65         62         63         62         59         66         73         78         73
     program.........................
    Highway safety grants............  TF         153        152        145        140        142        151        164        151        151        149
    Emergency railroad rehabilitation and   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         14
     repair...............................
    Alameda corridor direct loan financing  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         21         21
     program..............................
    Rail service assistance...............         15         14          *          1          5          4          3  .........  .........  .........
    Local rail freight assistance.........  .........          *          2          6          7         23         16         13          7          4
    Alaska railroad rehabilitation........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          9          8          9
    Railroad research and development.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2  .........          1          1
    Conrail commuter transition assistance          2          2          5          8          7          1          1          2          2          5
    Northeast corridor improvement program  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
    Urban mass transportation grants.  TF         849        879      1,054      1,268      1,298      1,652      2,025      2,224      2,002      1,875
    Urban mass transportation grants......      2,649      2,849      2,762      2,309      2,587      1,615      2,328      2,067      2,497      2,346
    Research and special programs                   4          4          5          6          7          5         10         11         12         13
     (pipeline safety and other)..........
    Emergency preparedness grants.........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          5          5          6          6          6
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............     18,173     19,166     19,822     20,555     22,290     23,633     25,787     25,956     26,846     26,144
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................     18,176     19,174     19,826     20,556     22,292     23,633     25,787     25,957     26,846     26,144
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 257]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Agriculture:
    Rural community advancement program...        128        139        141        167        219        297        333        600        627        569
    Distance learning, telemedicine, and    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          6         10          3          8
     broadband program....................
    Rural Development Insurance Fund        .........  .........  .........         55         85        103        150  .........  .........  .........
     Program Account......................
    Rural community fire protection grants          3          3          3          4          3          3          3          3          2          3
    Rural cooperative development grants..  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          2          2
    Rural development loan fund                     3          2          2          1         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     liquidating account..................
    Southeast Alaska economic disaster      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         23         47         20
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        134        144        146        227        307        404        492        638        681        602
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    Economic development assistance               184        160        153        141        130        204        322        394        400        364
     programs.............................
    Local public works and drought                 -*          *         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     assistance programs..................
    Regional development programs.........          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Regional development commissions.  TF          -*         -*         -*  .........          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................        183        160        153        141        131        204        322        394        400        364
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster assistance.............          9         11         15         22         17         16         79        111        108        147
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................        123      1,173        482        606      1,821      3,182      1,693      1,786      2,041      1,598
    National flood mitigation fund........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          4
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency                 132      1,184        496        629      1,837      3,198      1,772      1,897      2,149      1,749
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Subsidized housing programs...........        271  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Community development block grants....      2,948      2,818      2,976      3,090      3,198      3,651      4,333      4,545      4,517      4,621
    Urban development action grants.......        242        209        128         52         51         33         20         27         30          6
    Rental rehabilitation grants..........          4         37         80  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Supplemental assistance for facilities          6          3          4          3          5          7          8          5          2  .........
     for the homeless.....................
    Community development loan guarantees   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          3          6
     program account......................
    Empowerment zones/enterprise            .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1
     communities..........................
    Other assisted housing programs.......  .........        239         88         13          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Public facilities (including Model              8         -1          2        185        -86  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     cities, water and sewers)............
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               3,480      3,304      3,278      3,344      3,169      3,691      4,361      4,578      4,552      4,634
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and         21         20         17         58         66         91         91        102        110        121
     regional development)................
    Indian direct loan program account....  .........  .........  .........          2          2          2          1  .........  .........  .........
    Indian guaranteed loan program account  .........  .........  .........          1          4          3          9         11         33          3
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................         21         20         17         60         73         96        101        113        143        124
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Appalachian regional development              104        124        157        125        138        181        182        230        236        180
     programs.............................
    Payment to Neighborhood Reinvestment           19         27         26         15         11         14  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Corporation..........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        124        151        183        139        149        195        182        230        236        180
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................      4,074      4,965      4,273      4,539      5,666      7,789      7,230      7,850      8,161      7,653
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 258]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Commerce:
    Job opportunities program.............          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Public telecommunications facilities,          18         23         20  .........         12         11         15         23         17         19
     planning and construction............
    Information infrastructure grants.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          9         24         28         20
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         18         23         20  .........         12         11         24         47         45         39
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Education:
    Indian education......................         60         63         59         63         91         70         69         75         51         50
    Impact aid............................        735        799        747        785        468        797        803        945        651        724
    Chicago litigation settlement.........          6         10         10         13         15         10          6          1  .........          2
    Education reform......................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2         60        265        427        731
    Education for the disadvantaged.......      4,165      4,437      5,193      6,129      6,582      6,819      6,785      7,006      7,187      7,800
    School improvement programs...........        846      1,080      1,243      1,361      1,903      1,358      1,288      1,140      1,187      1,260
    English language acquisition..........        132        152        148        160        101        176        189        160        171        204
    Special education.....................      1,771      1,485      2,006      2,067      2,356      2,748      2,938      2,991      3,067      3,425
    Rehabilitation services and disability      1,490      1,623      1,751      1,835      1,804      2,031      2,113      2,194      2,243      2,268
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    7          6          8          5          8          6          7          5          7          7
     handicapped..........................
    Promotion of education for the     TF           *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     blind...........................
    Vocational and adult education........        824      1,287      1,038      1,020      1,133      1,292      1,449      1,323      1,382      1,425
    Higher education (including college            21         25         19         23         30         30         35         29         32         39
     housing loans).......................
    Institute of education sciences.......  .........  .........  .........          4         29         33         22         16         44        141
    ***Student financial assistance.......         68         73         60         73         89         81         82         79         43         51
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................     10,125     11,040     12,283     13,538     14,609     15,452     15,846     16,229     16,492     18,127
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    State legalization impact assistance          321        544        825        501        317        651        358         -2         -5         -4
     grants...............................
    Job opportunities and basic skills             86        265        546        594        736        839        953        931        445         48
     training program.....................
    Promoting safe and stable families....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1         38        126        216        214
    Social services block grant...........      2,671      2,749      2,822      2,708      2,785      2,728      2,797      2,484      2,571      2,437
    Children and families services              2,954      2,618      3,340      4,064      3,614      3,998      4,463      4,494      4,876      5,054
     programs.............................
    ***Aging services programs............  .........  .........  .........  .........        567        859        951        818        828        830
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      6,031      6,175      7,534      7,866      8,018      9,076      9,560      8,851      8,931      8,579
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................  .........  .........  .........         41         43         90         88         96         90         93
  Labor:
    Training and employment services......      3,020      3,042      2,985      3,388      3,245      3,310      3,620      3,231      3,324      3,399
    Community service employment for older         68         76         79         88         84         85         77        101         88        101
     Americans............................
    Welfare to work jobs..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         16
    State unemployment insurance and              -22         23        -25        -38         23        246         34         96        105        219
     employment service operations........
    Federal unemployment benefits and              17          3         51         65         77         74        103         99        120         95
     allowances...........................
    Unemployment trust fund..........  TF         995      1,009      1,045      1,023      1,077      1,036      1,080      1,082      1,032        958
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      4,078      4,152      4,135      4,526      4,507      4,751      4,914      4,609      4,669      4,788
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Community services program (Social             -1         -1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     services)............................
    Corporation for Public Broadcasting...        228        229        299         84         84         92         95         92         87         83
    National Endowments for the Arts:              33         30         38         37         43         47         45         38         28         27
     grants...............................
    Office of Museum and Library Services:        136        132        137        197        164        129        117        161        138        126
     grants and administration............
    Domestic volunteer service programs,    .........  .........  .........  .........         43         54        140        115        143        134
     operating expenses...................
    National and community service          .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         12         52        105         65         55
     programs, operating expenses.........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        396        391        474        318        334        334        449        511        461        425
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................     20,649     21,780     24,445     26,289     27,524     29,714     30,881     30,343     30,688     32,051
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 259]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
550 HEALTH
  Agriculture:
    Food safety and inspection............         36         36         38         39         36         39         41         41         42         41
  Health and Human Services:
    Disease control (Preventive health)...        230        299        281        343        355        522        521        701        596        643
    Health activities funds...............          3  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Health Resources and Services......      1,085      1,141      1,112      1,359      1,438      1,465      1,435      2,762      1,080      1,591
    ***Substance abuse and mental health          666      1,241      1,744      1,778      1,994      2,132      2,444      2,083      1,622      2,236
     services.............................
    ***Grants to States for Medicaid......     34,604     41,103     52,533     67,827     75,774     82,034     89,070     91,990     95,552    101,234
    ***State children's health insurance    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.     36,588     43,784     55,670     71,307     79,562     86,152     93,470     97,536     98,850    105,709
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Occupational and mine safety..........         55         70         75         70         66         74         76         73         82         83
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................     36,679     43,890     55,783     71,416     79,665     86,265     93,587     97,650     98,974    105,833
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 260]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    Rural housing assistance grants.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *  .........          1  .........  .........
    ***Funds for strengthening markets,           445        368        439        543        400        451        480        435        534        497
     income, and supply (section 32)......
    ***Rural housing assistance grants....         31         28         23         27         26         18         18         26  .........  .........
    ***Mutual and self-help housing grants          7          8  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Food stamp program.................      2,075      2,130      2,371      2,607      2,611      2,688      2,740      3,030      3,122      3,673
    ***Commodity donations/assistance             282        320        317        340        325        335        403        301        319        264
     programs.............................
    ***Supplemental feeding programs (WIC       1,940      2,119      2,275      2,542      2,842      3,155      3,401      3,676      3,863      3,901
     and CSFP)............................
    ***Child nutrition programs...........      4,455      4,871      5,418      5,993      6,589      6,938      7,387      7,757      8,141      8,436
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............      9,237      9,844     10,843     12,051     12,794     13,585     14,429     15,226     15,979     16,771
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    ***Emergency food and shelter program.        125        132        133        135        129        130        130        100        100        100
  Health and Human Services:
    Program administration................          4          4  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Children's research and technical       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1
     assistance...........................
    Payments to States from receipts for            *          *          *          *          *          *  .........  .........  .........  .........
     child support........................
    ***Family support payments to States..     11,166     12,246     13,520     15,103     15,628     16,508     17,133     16,670      5,345      2,171
    ***Low income home energy assistance..      1,393      1,314      1,742      1,142      1,067      2,125      1,419      1,067      1,221      1,132
    ***Refugee and entrant assistance.....        370        391        228        304        327        333        346        319        277        294
    ***Payments to States for the child     .........  .........  .........  .........        411        786        933        933        909      1,092
     care and development block grants....
    ***Contingency fund...................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2
    ***Payments to States for foster care       1,338      1,579      2,120      2,505      2,636      3,030      3,244      3,691      4,047      4,451
     and adoption assistance..............
    ***Child care entitlement to States...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,398      2,028
    ***Temporary assistance for needy       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      9,726     13,284
     families.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.     14,271     15,534     17,611     19,055     20,069     22,783     23,075     22,680     22,923     24,455
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Preserving existing housing investment  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,483  .........
    Native American housing block grant...  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        453
    Homeless assistance grants............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         12        186        319        463
    Home investment partnership program...  .........  .........  .........          3        212        782      1,179      1,206      1,211      1,286
    Youthbuild program....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *         20         41         32          9
    Innovative homeless initiatives         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          4         17         20         21         19
     demonstration program................
    Housing opportunities for persons with  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        130        200
     AIDS.................................
    Section 8 moderate rehabilitation,      .........  .........          *          1          3          8         17         21         25         29
     single room occupancy................
    Housing for the elderly...............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        824
    ***Public housing operating fund......      1,519      1,759      2,004      2,162      2,453      2,584      2,762      2,688      1,530      3,116
    ***Subsidized housing programs........      6,154      7,216      8,007      9,706     10,899     12,011     13,903     11,939     12,142      3,874
    ***Drug elimination grants for low-     .........  .........          *         37        116        160        178        259        291        281
     income housing.......................
    ***Revitalization of severely           .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1         31        110        205        237
     distressed public housing (HOPE VI)..
    ***Public housing capital fund........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      3,321
    ***Project-based rental assistance....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         51      5,315
    ***Low-rent public housing--loans and         773        458        313        207        213  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     other expenses.......................
    ***Emergency shelter grants program...         42         46         60         71         71         63         84         30          4          1
    ***Transitional housing program.......         22         33         56         69         91        102        115        148        159        133
    ***Shelter plus care..................  .........  .........  .........  .........          1          5         17         43         58         71
    ***Congregate services................          5          5          4          5          5          6          6          8          7          7
    ***HOPE grants........................  .........  .........  .........  .........         35         65         75         63         49         29
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               8,515      9,516     10,444     12,262     14,100     15,791     18,416     16,762     17,717     19,668
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Unemployment trust fund            TF       1,714      1,742      1,954      2,488      2,536      2,273      2,316      2,298      2,293      2,327
     (administrative expenses).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      1,714      1,742      1,954      2,488      2,536      2,273      2,316      2,298      2,293      2,327
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 261]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................     33,861     36,768     40,984     45,991     49,628     54,562     58,366     57,066     59,012     63,321
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    Medical care..........................          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Burial benefits.......................          2          3          3          9          5          2          3          2          6          3
    ***Medical care.......................        125        131        138        155        185        197        250        264        271        285
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................        127        134        141        164        189        199        253        266        277        288
                                      ==================================================================================================================
750 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
  Health and Human Services:
    Violent crime reduction programs......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         10         10         34
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Fair housing activities...............          7          5         11         12          9         11         27         32         28         24
  Justice:
    Assets forfeiture fund................        156        177        267        200        193        214        224        155        163        179
    BATF&E................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          3          7  .........  .........
    Prisons...............................          3          3          3          3          1          3  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Weed and seed program fund............  .........  .........  .........  .........         12  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Justice assistance....................        235        244        397        505        545        546        571        222        217         68
    State and local law enforcement         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         19        137        257        414
     assistance...........................
    Juvenile justice programs.............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          7         52         74        135
    Community oriented policing services..  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         45        313        616        968
    Crime victims fund....................         76         85        105        141        125        124        137        143        223        252
    Violent crime reduction programs,       .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         74        391      1,172      1,477
     State and local law enforcement......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Justice...................        469        508        772        849        876        887      1,080      1,420      2,722      3,493
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Equal Employment Opportunity                   20         20         24         24         25         26         26         23         25         16
     Commission...........................
    State Justice Institute: salaries and           8         10         13         11         11          9         12          8          6          6
     expenses.............................
    Ounce of prevention council...........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies         28         30         38         35         36         36         38         31         32         22
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Treasury forfeiture fund..............         17         30        119         92         66         58         77         54         53         85
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................         17         30        119         92         66         58         77         54         53         85
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 750..........................        520        574        940        987        987        992      1,222      1,547      2,845      3,658
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 262]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Payments to States, northern spotted    .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        135        130
     owl guarantee........................
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......        362        369        330        338        309         94        320        277        125        100
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        362        369        330        338        309         94        320        277        260        230
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Payments to States under Federal Power          2          2          3          2          2          2          3          2          3          3
     Act..................................
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........        128        231         95        144         93         55        183         95        143         91
    Payments to States from receipts under        432        451        480        432        463        520        474        454        565        546
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Payments in lieu of taxes.............        104        103        100        101        103        100        101        113        114        120
    Assistance to territories.............         69         78         69         74         26         76         60         58         67         69
    Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands         46         38         22         29         26         23         23          7          6          3
    Payments to the United States                  80         74         64         90         97        102         83         81         81         80
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        860        976        830        870        809        876        924        808        976        909
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...          5          6          7          6          6          5          5          6          6          7
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Commission on National and Community    .........  .........  .........          3          8         89         28          6  .........  .........
     Service..............................
    Federal payments to the District of           538        578        671        691        698        698        714        712        719        820
     Columbia.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        538        578        671        694        706        787        742        718        719        820
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    General revenue sharing trust      TF           *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     fund............................
    Internal revenue collections for              308        277        272        271        197        201        206        221        205        230
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues        129        101        111         93        102        170        135        110        107        110
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................        437        378        383        364        299        370        341        331        312        340
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................      2,204      2,309      2,224      2,274      2,131      2,135      2,335      2,142      2,276      2,309
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................    121,928    135,325    154,519    178,065    193,612    210,596    224,991    227,811    234,160    246,128
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 263]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
050 NATIONAL DEFENSE
  Defense--Military:
    Research, development, test, and        .........          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     evaluation, Army.....................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Defense--Military.........  .........          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    Emergency planning and assistance               1  .........         47  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     (Defense-related activities).........
  Homeland Sercurity:
    Operating Expenses....................  .........  .........  .........         91         71         72         73         74         76         78
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 050..........................          1          2         47         91         71         72         73         74         76         78
                                      ==================================================================================================================
270 ENERGY
  Energy:
    Emergency conservation and regulation.        158        124        177        200        281        313        309        312        318        326
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Tennessee Valley Authority fund.......        304        309        315        328        326        341        167        196        674        831
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 270..........................        462        433        492        528        607        654        476        508        992      1,157
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 264]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
300 NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
  Agriculture:
    Watershed rehabilitation program......  .........  .........  .........          1  .........          1          1          1          1          1
    Resource conservation and development.          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
    Watershed and flood prevention                 52         66         66         59         77         71         29         24         14         15
     operations...........................
    State and private forestry............         90         98        131        148        154        175        183        186        183        182
    Management of national forest lands     .........          1          6          5          5          5          5          5          5          5
     for subsistence uses.................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        143        166        204        214        237        253        219        217        204        204
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    NOAA: Operations, research, and                91         91          3        104        104        103        106        108        111        113
     facilities...........................
    Pacific coastal salmon recovery.......  .........          1         35         71        329         90         92         94         96         98
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         91         92         38        175        433        193        198        202        207        211
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Environmental Protection Agency:
    State and tribal assistance grants....      2,745      3,192      3,548      3,353      3,758      3,843      3,766      3,638      3,619      3,661
    Hazardous substance superfund....  TF         156        240        141        170        170        181        184        188        196        204
    Leaking underground storage tank   TF          59         58         61         65         71         70         74         69         67         69
     trust fund......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Environmental Protection        2,960      3,490      3,750      3,588      3,999      4,094      4,024      3,895      3,882      3,934
       Agency.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Miscellaneous permanent payment                50          2          7        209        175        135        136        137        137        137
     accounts.............................
    National forests fund, Payment to               3          3          4          3          3          4          5          5          5          5
     States...............................
    Leases of lands for flood control,              1          1          2          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
     navigation, etc......................
    Mines and minerals....................        204        206        197        212        172        192        214        211        211        216
    Bureau of Reclamation loan program              9         10         13          4         11  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     account..............................
    Fish and Wildlife Service.............        224        248        296        271        415        450        445        453        466        485
    Fish and Wildlife Service (Sport   TF         257        285        291        291        330        333        346        357        373        389
     fish restoration)...............
    Parks and recreation..................  .........          2          2         33         66         72         58         50         51         53
    Land acquisition(land and water         .........          7         10         33         55         70         87         97         97         95
     conservation fund)...................
    Historic preservation fund............         37         52         55         41         37         37         36         28         23         23
    Everglades watershed protection.......        119         25          6          5          6  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Everglades restoration account........  .........          1          2  .........          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        904        842        885      1,103      1,272      1,295      1,328      1,339      1,364      1,404
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Payment to terrestrial wildlife                 5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5          5
     habitat restoration trust fund.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 300..........................      4,103      4,595      4,882      5,085      5,946      5,840      5,774      5,658      5,662      5,758
                                      ==================================================================================================================
350 AGRICULTURE
  Agriculture:
    Fund for rural America................         12         11         11          4         11         14         10         10  .........  .........
    Extension activities..................        407        437        448        432        440        448        427        435        445        455
    Outreach for socially disadvantaged             4          4          2          3          3          3          3          3          3          3
     farmers..............................
    Cooperative State Research Service....        206        224        232        239        241        241        241        248        251        257
    Integrated activities.................  .........  .........          3          7         10         13         19         20         20         20
    AMS payments to States and possessions          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
    State mediation grants................          2          3          2          3          3          3          4          4          4          4
    Price support and related programs:            27         44         56         61        118        120        147        141        129        112
     CCC..................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 350..........................        659        724        755        750        827        843        852        862        853        852
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 265]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
  Commerce:
    Promote, develop American fishery               5          3          6          2         10          4          2  .........  .........  .........
     products and research................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................          5          3          6          2         10          4          2  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 370..........................          5          3          6          2         10          4          2  .........  .........  .........
                                      ==================================================================================================================
400 TRANSPORTATION
  Transportation:
    Boat safety......................  TF          21          9          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Grants for airports (Airport and   TF       1,565      1,624      2,017      2,860      3,244      3,299      3,383      3,447      3,456      3,453
     airway trust fund)..............
    Federal-aid highways (trust fund)  TF      22,590     24,711     27,075     29,833     27,882     28,309     29,595     30,450     31,566     32,425
    Other Federal fund aid for highways...        167        253        144         93        315        208        136        159         44         28
    Other Trust fund aid for highways  TF          40         42         80        304        377        320        236        108         51         37
    National motor carrier safety      TF          87         99        110        152        210        125  .........  .........  .........  .........
     program.........................
    Motor carrier safety.............  TF   .........  .........  .........  .........          9          6  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Motor Carrier Safety Grants......  TF   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         61        219        223        228        233
    Border enforcement program.......  TF   .........  .........  .........          1         27          2  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Highway safety grants............  TF         181        182        196        218        219        306        381        411        442        452
    Emergency railroad rehabilitation and           6          3          4  .........  .........          1  .........  .........  .........  .........
     repair...............................
    Alameda corridor direct loan financing         18  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     program..............................
    Local rail freight assistance.........          3          1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Alaska railroad rehabilitation........         11         11         28         41          8         13  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Railroad research and development.....          1          1          2          1          2          2          2          2          2          2
    Conrail commuter transition assistance          5          3          2          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Urban mass transportation grants.  TF       1,524      1,200        722        495        455        788      2,208      3,479      4,412      5,068
    Urban mass transportation grants......      2,664      4,062      6,241      6,967      6,517      6,399      4,809      3,388      2,402      2,401
    Research and special programs                  15         13         14         19         19         21         17         18         18         18
     (pipeline safety and other)..........
    Emergency preparedness grants.........          6          8         10         12         14         14         13         13         13         13
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Transportation............     28,904     32,222     36,647     40,998     39,298     39,874     40,999     41,698     42,634     44,130
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 400..........................     28,904     32,222     36,647     40,998     39,298     39,874     40,999     41,698     42,634     44,130
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 266]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
  Agriculture:
    Rural community advancement program...        529        479        803        740        613        554        542        491        491        473
    Distance learning, telemedicine, and            9          7         10         19         21         30         34         36         36         38
     broadband program....................
    Rural community fire protection grants          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Rural cooperative development grants..          3          4          3         18         51         23         12         12         12         11
    Southeast Alaska economic disaster             20         10          7          7          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        563        500        823        784        686        607        588        539        539        522
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Commerce:
    Economic development assistance               355        356        356        355        430        406        384        352        337        341
     programs.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................        355        356        356        355        430        406        384        352        337        341
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    FEMA: Disaster assistance.............         73        142        217  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    FEMA: Disaster relief.................      3,184      2,234      2,734  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Disaster assistance for unmet needs...  .........         50         46  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    National flood mitigation fund........          8         13         13  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Federal Emergency               3,265      2,439      3,010  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
       Management Agency..................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Homeland Sercurity:
    Office for Domestic Preparedness......  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,575      2,926      3,075      3,079      3,143      3,217
    Operating Expenses....................  .........  .........  .........        218        340         53         41         35         37         37
    Grant Programs........................  .........  .........  .........         18         95        209        310        305        311        318
    Disaster Relief.......................  .........  .........  .........      3,220      4,890      3,244      3,198      2,009      1,842      1,888
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Homeland Security.........  .........  .........  .........      3,456      6,900      6,432      6,624      5,428      5,333      5,460
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Moving to work........................  .........  .........          3          1          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Community development block grants....      4,804      4,955      4,939      5,429      6,650      6,129      5,281      4,645      4,777      4,925
    Urban development action grants.......         18         10          1          6         10         10          3          3          3          4
    Community development loan guarantees           9          7          7          6          7          7          6          6          5  .........
     program account......................
    National cities in schools development          4          5  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     program..............................
    Brownfields redevelopment.............  .........          4          4          5         10         10         15         15         15         15
    Empowerment zones/enterprise                    3          7         31         57         75         70         50         37          2  .........
     communities..........................
    Lead hazard reduction.................          2         95         86         95        101        110        115        114        134        139
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban               4,840      5,083      5,071      5,599      6,854      6,337      5,470      4,820      4,936      5,083
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Operation of Indian programs (Area and        132        119        123        213        147        153        161        164        168        172
     regional development)................
    Indian direct loan program account....  .........  .........          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Indian guaranteed loan program account          4          5          4          6          5          6          7          7          7          7
    King Cove road and airstrip...........         35  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        171        124        128        219        152        159        168        171        175        179
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Appalachian regional development              136        125         86        101         87         68         60         53         45         36
     programs.............................
    Denali Commission.....................          1         38         11        -14         61         74         67         67         68         68
    Delta regional authority..............  .........  .........  .........          1          8          8          8          6          4          3
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        137        163         97         88        156        150        135        126        117        107
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    United States community adjustment and          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     investment program...................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 450..........................      9,332      8,665      9,485     10,501     15,178     14,091     13,369     11,436     11,437     11,692
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 267]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
500 EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT, AND
 SOCIAL SERVICES
  Commerce:
    Public telecommunications facilities,          14         12         15         16         40         25         14          6          2          2
     planning and construction............
    Information infrastructure grants.....          7          8          9         10         20         10          4  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Commerce..................         21         20         24         26         60         35         18          6          2          2
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Education:
    Reading excellence....................  .........         27        124        194        300        103         30  .........  .........  .........
    Head start............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      3,754      6,806      7,098      7,343
    Indian education......................         56         64         76        102        120        118        119        120        123        125
    Impact aid............................      1,076        875      1,021      1,116      1,182      1,023      1,024      1,039      1,062      1,088
    Chicago litigation settlement.........          2          2          1          1          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Education reform......................        792        965        987        729        375         31  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Education for the disadvantaged.......      7,534      8,511      8,616      9,211     11,872     13,142     14,091     14,489     14,810     15,154
    School improvement programs...........      1,255      2,394      2,721      3,401      7,530      6,711      5,359      4,965      4,980      5,091
    Innovation and improvement............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         26        364        501        537        549
    Safe schools and citizenship education  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         36        509        701        752        769
    English language acquisition..........        284        319        344        326        364        698        578        586        597        610
    Special education.....................      4,251      4,696      5,552      6,730      7,416      9,357     10,037     10,541     10,803     11,049
    Rehabilitation services and disability      2,623      2,567      2,507      2,592      2,602      2,728      2,765      2,821      2,877      2,940
     research.............................
    Special institutions for the                    8          9         11         13         14         14         14         15         15         15
     handicapped..........................
    Vocational and adult education........      1,338      1,448      1,651      1,742      1,861      1,843      1,651      1,595      1,611      1,648
    Higher education (including college            42        152        300        365        506        377        378        382        389        398
     housing loans).......................
    Institute of education sciences.......         74        166         86         88        155         12         11         11         11         11
    ***Student financial assistance.......         23         24         43         62         54  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Education.................     19,358     22,219     24,040     26,672     34,353     36,219     40,684     44,572     45,665     46,790
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Health and Human Services:
    State legalization impact assistance           -1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     grants...............................
    Job opportunities and basic skills              9         15          4         23  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     training program.....................
    Promoting safe and stable families....        246        242        261        298        388        503        531        550        560        567
    Social services block grant...........      1,993      1,827      1,852      1,780      1,792      1,790      1,790      1,790      1,709      1,700
    Children and families services              5,421      5,843      6,614      7,749      8,091      8,132      4,548      1,660      1,541      1,500
     programs.............................
    ***Aging services programs............        879        884        948      1,105      1,288      1,342      1,360      1,386      1,415      1,449
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.      8,547      8,811      9,679     10,955     11,559     11,767      8,229      5,386      5,225      5,216
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Interior:
    Indian education......................         92         50        229        112        101        106        112        114        116        119
  Labor:
    Training and employment services......      3,436      2,957      3,132      4,206      4,100      3,741      4,064      4,160      4,299      4,396
    Community service employment for older         97         99        102         99        100        100        100        102        104        106
     Americans............................
    Welfare to work jobs..................        267        527        659        500        187        114  .........  .........  .........  .........
    State unemployment insurance and               45        225        119        157        165        135        116        108        107        107
     employment service operations........
    Federal unemployment benefits and             100        133        141        142        190        233        246        259        259        260
     allowances...........................
    Reemployment accounts.................  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,600      2,000  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Unemployment trust fund..........  TF       1,026        961      1,100      1,040      1,061        319        325        334        340        346
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      4,971      4,902      5,253      6,144      7,403      6,642      4,851      4,963      5,109      5,215
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Corporation for Public Broadcasting...        150        190        360        375        390        380        388        396        405        415
    Payment to the institute..............  .........  .........  .........  .........          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    National Endowments for the Arts:              30         31         32         32         38         36         37         37         38         39
     grants...............................
    Challenge America arts fund...........  .........  .........          1          4          7          7          7          7          7          7
    Office of Museum and Library Services:        134        158        189        202        161        198        230        235        240        246
     grants and administration............
    Domestic volunteer service programs,          152         70         70         74         85         88         91         95         99         98
     operating expenses...................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 268]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    National and community service                 55        204        239        214        275        349        383        320        326        333
     programs, operating expenses.........
    ***Federal payment for resident         .........         17         17         17         17         17         17         18         18         19
     tuition support......................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        521        670        908        918        974      1,075      1,153      1,108      1,133      1,157
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 500..........................     33,510     36,672     40,133     44,827     54,450     55,844     55,047     56,149     57,250     58,499
                                      ==================================================================================================================
550 HEALTH
  Agriculture:
    Food safety and inspection............         44         43         43         39         43         42         43         44         45         46
  Health and Human Services:
    Salaries and expenses.................  .........          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Disease control (Preventive health)...      1,571      1,611      2,106      1,935      2,357      2,346      2,374      2,405      2,449      2,503
    State grants and demonstrations.......  .........  .........          2         10         37         65         73         81         80         79
    General departmental management.......  .........  .........  .........        717        849        899        916        947        954        976
    ***Health Resources and Services......      1,448      2,028      1,820      2,353      2,507      2,684      2,739      2,864      2,954      3,004
    ***Substance abuse and mental health        2,214      1,931      2,094      2,193      2,292      2,413      2,487      2,520      2,555      2,607
     services.............................
    ***Grants to States for Medicaid......    108,042    117,921    129,434    147,650    162,668    182,543    196,983    215,306    232,505    252,498
    ***State children's health insurance          565      1,220      3,699      3,682      4,751      2,657      2,040      1,211      1,439      1,476
     fund.................................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.    113,840    124,712    139,156    158,540    175,461    193,607    207,612    225,334    242,936    263,143
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Occupational and mine safety..........         85         88         96         98         98        100        102        104        107        109
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 550..........................    113,969    124,843    139,295    158,677    175,602    193,749    207,757    225,482    243,088    263,298
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 269]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
600 INCOME SECURITY
  Agriculture:
    ***Funds for strengthening markets,           816        523        776        915      1,169        847      1,147      1,147      1,147      1,147
     income, and supply (section 32)......
    ***Food stamp program.................      3,362      3,508      3,664      3,949      4,149      4,136      4,216      4,255      4,318      4,455
    ***Commodity donations/assistance             280        269        270        317        202        179        184        187        191        195
     programs.............................
    ***Supplemental feeding programs (WIC       3,942      3,950      4,085      4,330      4,818      4,746      4,850      4,948      5,057      5,184
     and CSFP)............................
    ***Child nutrition programs...........      8,740      9,060      9,416     10,100     11,249     11,177     11,626     12,053     12,576     13,079
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............     17,140     17,310     18,211     19,611     21,587     21,085     22,023     22,590     23,289     24,060
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  FEMA:
    ***Emergency food and shelter program.        100        110        140  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Health and Human Services:
    ***Family support payments to States..      2,756      2,906      3,706      3,998      4,174      4,291      4,641      4,967      5,603      5,595
    ***Low income home energy assistance..      1,176      1,495      2,161      1,773      1,628      1,774      1,876      1,909      1,953      2,001
    ***Refugee and entrant assistance.....        236        280        345        362        395        395        389        394        400        408
    ***Payments to States for the child         1,029      1,065      1,369      2,167      2,073      2,086      2,118      2,155      2,199      2,252
     care and development block grants....
    ***Contingency fund...................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          2          8          8         23         35
    ***Payments to States for foster care       4,707      5,453      5,710      5,885      6,306      6,766      7,136      7,602      7,892      8,170
     and adoption assistance..............
    ***Child care entitlement to States...      2,254      2,237      2,336      2,358      2,684      2,806      2,738      2,745      2,709      2,709
    ***Temporary assistance for needy          14,161     15,464     18,583     18,749     19,208     18,713     18,217     17,888     17,704     17,287
     families.............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Health and Human Services.     26,319     28,900     34,210     35,292     36,468     36,833     37,123     37,668     38,483     38,457
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Homeland Sercurity:
    ***Emergency food and shelter.........  .........  .........  .........        140  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Native American housing block grant...        597        643        684        713        740        820        631        656        667        681
    Section 8 reserve preservation account        429  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Homeless assistance grants............        643        885        965      1,019      1,057      1,174      1,378      1,338      1,371      1,389
    Home investment partnership program...      1,347      1,479      1,424      1,540      1,600      1,700      2,176      2,468      2,686      2,268
    Youthbuild program....................          2          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Innovative homeless initiatives                 9  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     demonstration program................
    Housing opportunities for persons with        211        215        241        314        292        311        276        296        302        308
     AIDS.................................
    Rural housing and economic development  .........          8         17         22         25         23          8          3          1  .........
    Section 8 moderate rehabilitation,             31  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     single room occupancy................
    Housing for the elderly...............        761        720        774        895        895        702        712        732        742        715
    ***Public housing operating fund......      2,876      2,836      3,137      3,635      3,457      3,565      3,608      3,679      3,757      3,846
    ***Subsidized housing programs........      7,364  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Drug elimination grants for low-           283        288        309        325        200         74  .........  .........  .........  .........
     income housing.......................
    ***Revitalization of severely                 321        379        487        466        546        609        711        728        747        230
     distressed public housing (HOPE VI)..
    ***Native Hawaiian Housing Block Grant  .........  .........  .........  .........          1         10          3          5          6          8
    ***Public housing capital fund........      3,080      3,690      3,550      3,767      3,601      3,810      3,347      3,474      3,198      3,241
    ***Project-based rental assistance....      4,715      8,803      9,530     10,962     11,318        103         65         67         69         70
    ***Housing assistance for needy         .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      6,086     12,631     12,879     13,152     13,461
     families.............................
    ***Transitional housing program.......         63  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Shelter plus care..................         75  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Emergency food and shelter program.  .........  .........  .........  .........        153        153        156        159        163        167
    ***Samaritan housing..................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5         10         18         28         41
    ***Congregate services................          5          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***HOPE grants........................         18         25         21          3          3          3          3          3          3          3
    ***Housing for persons with             .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        228        196        192        150        193
     disabilities.........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Housing and Urban              22,830     19,974     21,139     23,661     23,889     19,376     25,911     26,697     27,042     26,621
       Development........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    State unemployment insurance and        .........  .........  .........          9        100  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     employment service operations........
    Unemployment trust fund            TF       2,496      2,359      2,364      2,793      2,863      2,158      2,107      2,157      1,418        542
     (administrative expenses).......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Labor.....................      2,496      2,359      2,364      2,802      2,963      2,158      2,107      2,157      1,418        542
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 270]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Social Security Administration(On-
   budget):
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 600..........................     68,885     68,653     76,064     81,506     84,907     79,452     87,164     89,112     90,232     89,680
                                      ==================================================================================================================
650 SOCIAL SECURITY
  Social Security Administration(Off-
   budget):
    Disability Insurance trust fund..  TF   .........          6  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Disability Insurance trust      TF   .........  .........  .........          1         14         29         30         32         34         36
     fund............................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 650..........................  .........          6  .........          1         14         29         30         32         34         36
                                      ==================================================================================================================
700 VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
  Veterans Affairs:
    Burial benefits.......................          4         12         17  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    ***Medical care.......................        313        422        388        360        423        485        495        505        517        529
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 700..........................        317        434        405        360        423        485        495        505        517        529
                                      ==================================================================================================================
750 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
  Health and Human Services:
    Violent crime reduction programs......         64         97         84         13          9          3  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Homeland Sercurity:
    Office for Domestic Preparedness......  .........  .........  .........         54        224        316        331        483        518        529
  Housing and Urban Development:
    Fair housing activities...............         31         33         39         43         46         47         42         51         52         53
  Justice:
    Assets forfeiture fund................        240        220        200        225        241        275        240        237        240        243
    Justice assistance....................         28         65        290         15        320      2,185      3,652      3,704      2,088      2,134
    State and local law enforcement               310        475        585      2,993      1,127  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     assistance...........................
    Juvenile justice programs.............        127        177        263        216        201  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Community oriented policing services..      1,161      1,390      1,355      1,325      1,014      1,323        927        687        246        164
    Crime victims fund....................        341        386        437        590        526        622        651        665        713        760
    Violent crime reduction programs,           2,266      2,049      3,092  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     State and local law enforcement......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Justice...................      4,473      4,762      6,222      5,364      3,429      4,405      5,470      5,293      3,287      3,301
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Other Independent Agencies:
    High-intensity drug trafficking areas         130        143        136        152        213        207        209        211        215        220
     program..............................
    Equal Employment Opportunity                   28         46         30         30         30         30         31         31         32         33
     Commission...........................
    State Justice Institute: salaries and           8          8          7          2  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     expenses.............................
    Payment to DC Court Services and               57         66  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Offender Supervisory Agency..........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        223        263        173        184        243        237        240        242        247        253
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Treasury forfeiture fund..............        132        108         94         78         75  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................        132        108         94         78         75  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 750..........................      4,923      5,263      6,612      5,736      4,026      5,008      6,083      6,069      4,104      4,136
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 271]]


               Table 12.3--TOTAL OUTLAYS FOR GRANTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS BY FUNCTION, AGENCY, AND PROGRAM: 1940-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                               1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 GENERAL GOVERNMENT
  Agriculture:
    Payments to States, northern spotted          125  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     owl guarantee........................
    Forest Service: shared revenues.......        109        213        200        441        395        390        390        390        390        390
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Agriculture...............        234        213        200        441        395        390        390        390        390        390
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Energy:
    Payments to States under Federal Power          3          3          3          3          3          3          3          3          3          3
     Act..................................
  Homeland Sercurity:
    Customs and border protection.........  .........  .........  .........         90         93         91         97         98         98         98
  Interior:
    Payment to Alaska, Arctic National      .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,201          1        101          1
     Wildlife Refuge......................
    Miscellaneous shared revenues.........         87        124         27         25         26         26         26         27         27         26
    Payments to States from receipts under        478        691      1,045        685        887        884        902        908        883        901
     Mineral Leasing Act..................
    Payments in lieu of taxes.............        125        133        197        210        165        200        204        208        212        218
    Assistance to territories.............         75         74         87         84         78         82         85         86         87         88
    Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands          3          2          1          2          2          2          2          2          2          2
    Payments to the United States                 109        147        105        134        122        122        122        122        122        122
     territories, fiscal assistance.......
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Interior..................        877      1,171      1,462      1,140      1,280      1,316      2,542      1,354      1,434      1,358
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Labor:
    Workers compensation programs.........  .........  .........  .........  .........        175  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
  Other Defense--Civil:
    Corps of Engineers: shared revenues...         12         17  .........  .........          8          8          9          9          9          9
  Other Independent Agencies:
    Federal payments to the District of           553        353        289        473        226        234        238        244        249        254
     Columbia.............................
    Election assistance commission........  .........  .........  .........  .........        351        481        579         68  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Other Independent Agencies        553        353        289        473        577        715        817        312        249        254
       (On-budget)........................
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Treasury:
    Internal revenue collections for              235        297        334        341        355        364        375        324        313        321
     Puerto Rico..........................
    Customs: Miscellaneous shared revenues         97         90         90  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Processing, assistance, and management  .........  .........         10  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Subtotal, Treasury..................        332        387        434        341        355        364        375        324        313        321
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total, 800..........................      2,011      2,144      2,388      2,488      2,886      2,887      4,233      2,490      2,496      2,433
                                      ==================================================================================================================
Total, outlays for grants.................    267,081    284,659    317,211    351,550    384,245    398,832    422,354    440,075    459,375    482,278
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* $500 thousand or less.
All data in this table are Federal funds, unless noted as being Trust funds (TF).
*** All grants that are also payments for individuals are identified by a triple asterisk (***) preceding the title.



[[Page 272]]

 
                         Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1936      1937      1938      1939      1940      1941      1942      1943      1944      1945
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts........  ........       265       387       503       550       688       896     1,130     1,292     1,310
    Intragovernmental receipts:
       Interest (903)...............................  ........         2        15        27        42        56        71        87       103       124
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income..........................  ........       267       402       530       592       744       967     1,218     1,395     1,434
                                                     ===================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments...............................  ........         *         5        14        16        64       110       149       185       240
     Administrative expenses........................  ........  ........  ........  ........        12        27        27        27        33        27
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo...........................  ........         *         5        14        28        91       137       177       217       267
                                                     ===================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)...........................  ........       267       397       516       564       653       830     1,041     1,178     1,167
   Fund balance, end of year........................  ........       267       664     1,180     1,745     2,398     3,227     4,268     5,446     6,613
                                                     ===================================================================================================
   Invested balance.................................  ........       267       662     1,177     1,738     2,381     3,202     4,237     5,409     6,546
   Uninvested balance...............................  ........         *         2         3         7        17        26        31        38        67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        1946      1947      1948      1949      1950      1951      1952      1953      1954      1955
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts........     1,238     1,459     1,616     1,690     2,106     3,120     3,594     4,097     4,589     5,081
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952).....  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........         1         6
       Interest (903)...............................       148       163       191       230       257       287       334       387       439       438
       Other........................................  ........         *         1         3         4         4         4  ........        12        10
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts............       148       164       191       233       260       291       337       387       452       454
     Other cash income..............................  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........         *         *         *         *
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income..........................     1,386     1,623     1,807     1,924     2,367     3,411     3,932     4,483     5,040     5,535
                                                     ===================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments...............................       321       426       512       607       727     1,498     1,982     2,627     3,276     4,333
     Administrative expenses........................        37        41        47        53        57        70        85        89        89       103
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational                ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........  ........        -*  ........
     rehabilitation)................................
                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo...........................       358       466       559       661       784     1,569     2,067     2,717     3,364     4,436
                                                     ===================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)...........................     1,028     1,157     1,248     1,263     1,583     1,843     1,864     1,766     1,677     1,098
   Fund balance, end of year........................     7,641     8,798    10,047    11,310    12,893    14,736    16,600    18,366    20,040    21,141
                                                     ===================================================================================================
   Invested balance.................................     7,549     8,742     9,937    11,231    12,645    14,323    16,273    17,818    19,337    20,580
   Uninvested balance...............................        93        56       110        79       248       413       327       549       703       560
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 273]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1956       1957       1958       1959       1960       1961       1962       1963       1964       1965
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement             6,425      6,457      7,138      7,418      9,671     11,104     11,267     13,117     15,242     15,567
     receipts.............................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement          18         83        130        147        171        189        203        224        260        263
       (952)..............................
       Interest (903).....................        487        555        555        543        516        530        539        512        539        583
       Other..............................          7          5          2          *          1          1          2          2          3          3
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts..        513        644        687        690        688        720        744        738        801        849
     Other cash income....................          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................      6,938      7,101      7,825      8,109     10,360     11,824     12,011     13,856     16,043     16,417
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................      5,361      6,515      7,875      9,049     10,270     11,185     12,658     13,845     14,579     15,226
    Payments to the railroad retirement     .........  .........  .........        124        600        332        361        423        403        436
     account..............................
     Administrative expenses..............        124        150        166        206        203        236        252        263        303        300
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational      .........  .........         -*         -3         -3        -22          9          1         -1          3
     rehabilitation)......................
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................      5,485      6,665      8,041      9,377     11,069     11,730     13,279     14,531     15,284     15,965
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................      1,452        436       -216     -1,268       -710         94     -1,268       -675        760        452
   Fund balance, end of year..............     22,593     23,029     22,813     21,545     20,835     20,929     19,662     18,987     19,746     20,198
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................     22,041     22,263     21,765     20,478     19,756     19,553     18,456     17,633     18,325     18,783
   Uninvested balance.....................        552        766      1,048      1,066      1,079      1,376      1,206      1,354      1,421      1,415
                                           =============================================================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement         .........        332        911        878        970      1,005      1,004      1,058      1,124      1,156
     receipts.............................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement   .........          5         15         17         17         17         18         18         19         19
       (952)..............................
       Interest (903).....................  .........          1         16         33         47         61         70         70         68         65
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total interfund receipts.........  .........          6         31         51         64         78         88         88         87         85
    Other intragovernmental receipts......  .........  .........  .........  .........         27  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts..  .........          6         31         51         91         78         88         88         87         85
     Other cash income....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................  .........        339        942        928      1,061      1,083      1,092      1,145      1,211      1,241
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................  .........  .........        168        339        528        704      1,011      1,171      1,251      1,392
    Payments to the railroad retirement     .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          5         11         20         19         24
     account..............................
     Administrative expenses..............  .........          1         12         21         32         36         66         69         70         82
    Other outgo (mainly vocational          .........  .........         -*         -*          *         -1          *          *         -2          *
     rehabilitation)......................
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................  .........          1        180        360        560        745      1,089      1,259      1,339      1,498
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................  .........        337        762        568        501        338          3       -114       -128       -258
   Fund balance, end of year..............  .........        337      1,099      1,667      2,168      2,505      2,509      2,394      2,266      2,009
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................  .........        325      1,055      1,607      2,101      2,386      2,407      2,278      2,141      1,878
   Uninvested balance.....................  .........         12         45         60         66        119        102        116        125        131
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 274]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement            17,556     22,197     22,265     25,484     29,396     31,354     35,132     40,703     47,778     55,207
     receipts.............................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement         310        370        397        469        559        561        579        615        677        810
       (952)..............................
       Interest (903).....................        588        725        896      1,009      1,346      1,617      1,718      1,846      2,039      2,292
       Other..............................          7         79         78        382        442        449        488        475        442        447
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts..        905      1,174      1,371      1,859      2,347      2,627      2,785      2,936      3,157      3,549
     Other cash income....................          *          *          4          4          3          1          *          *          *          *
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................     18,461     23,371     23,641     27,348     31,746     33,982     37,916     43,639     50,935     58,756
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................     18,071     18,886     20,737     23,732     26,267     31,101     34,541     42,170     47,849     54,839
    Payments to the railroad retirement           444        508        438        491        579        613        724        783        909        982
     account..............................
     Administrative expenses..............        254        334        449        465        474        552        582        667        723        848
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational              1          1          *          2          1          2          1          3          2          8
     rehabilitation)......................
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................     18,770     19,729     21,624     24,690     27,320     32,268     35,848     43,623     49,483     56,676
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................       -309      3,642      2,017      2,657      4,426      1,714      2,068         16      1,452      2,080
   Fund balance, end of year..............     19,889     23,531     25,548     28,205     32,631     34,345     36,413     36,429     37,881     39,961
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................     17,925     21,780     23,250     26,235     30,121     31,375     33,203     35,501     37,717     39,892
   Uninvested balance.....................      1,964      1,751      2,298      1,971      2,510      2,970      3,211        928        164         69
                                           =============================================================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement             1,530      2,204      2,651      3,469      4,063      4,490      4,775      5,381      6,147      7,250
     receipts.............................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement          27         45         48         63         78         79         78         80         87        106
       (952)..............................
       Interest (903).....................         54         67         83        140        221        324        388        434        482        512
       Other..............................  .........         16         16         32         16         16         50         51         52         52
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts..         81        128        147        235        315        419        516        565        621        670
     Other cash income....................          *          *          2          1          1          1          *          *          *  .........
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................      1,611      2,332      2,800      3,705      4,380      4,910      5,291      5,946      6,768      7,920
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................      1,721      1,861      2,088      2,443      2,778      3,381      4,046      5,162      6,159      7,630
    Payments to the railroad retirement            25         31         20         21         10         13         24         20         22         29
     account..............................
     Administrative expenses..............        184         99        112        134        149        190        212        247        154        253
    Other outgo (mainly vocational                  2          7         15         15         16         21         28         39         49         71
     rehabilitation)......................
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................      1,931      1,997      2,237      2,613      2,954      3,606      4,309      5,467      6,384      7,982
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................       -321        335        564      1,092      1,426      1,305        982        479        384        -62
   Fund balance, end of year..............      1,688      2,024      2,587      3,679      5,105      6,410      7,392      7,871      8,255      8,192
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................      1,465      1,835      2,351      3,492      4,835      6,078      7,012      7,803      8,195      8,158
   Uninvested balance.....................        224        189        236        187        270        332        380         68         60         35
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 275]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972       1973       1974       1975
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hospital insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement               893      2,645      3,493      4,398      4,755      4,874      5,205      7,603     10,551     11,252
     receipts.............................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement          16         60         65         79         91         87         85        121        147        166
       (951)..............................
       Interest (902).....................          6         46         61         96        139        183        190        198        408        614
       Other..............................  .........        338        284        771        628        874        551        429        499        529
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts..         22        444        410        946        859      1,144        826        748      1,054      1,309
    Other (mainly proprietary) receipts:
       Premium income.....................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          4          6
      Other (mainly proprietary interest).  .........          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          1
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................        915      3,089      3,902      5,344      5,614      6,018      6,031      8,352     11,610     12,568
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................  .........      2,508      3,736      4,654      4,804      5,442      6,108      6,648      7,806     10,353
     Administrative expenses..............         64         89         79        104        149        149        166        193        258        256
     Other................................  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          1          1          1          1          2
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................         64      2,597      3,815      4,758      4,953      5,592      6,276      6,842      8,065     10,612
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................        851        492         87        586        661        426       -244      1,510      3,545      1,956
   Fund balance, end of year..............        851      1,343      1,431      2,017      2,677      3,103      2,859      4,369      7,914      9,870
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................        786      1,298      1,370      2,001      2,653      3,030      2,884      4,222      7,864      9,761
   Uninvested balance.....................         65         45         60         15         24         73        -25        146         49        109
                                           =============================================================================================================
Supplementary medical insurance trust
 fund:
  Cash income:
    Offsetting collections:
      Intragovernmental receipts:
         Interest (902)...................  .........         14         21         23         12         17         29         45         76        106
         Federal contributions and other..  .........        623        634        984        928      1,245      1,365      1,430      2,029      2,330
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total intragovernmental receipts  .........        637        655      1,008        940      1,263      1,394      1,476      2,105      2,435
      Premium income:
         From aged participants...........  .........        647        698        903        936      1,253      1,340      1,427      1,579      1,750
        From all other participants.......  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        125        151
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Total premium income...........  .........        647        698        903        936      1,253      1,340      1,427      1,704      1,901
       Other..............................  .........          *          *          *          *          *          *          *          *  .........
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income................  .........      1,284      1,353      1,911      1,876      2,516      2,734      2,902      3,809      4,336
                                           =============================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments.....................  .........        664      1,390      1,645      1,979      2,035      2,255      2,391      2,874      3,765
     Administrative expenses..............  .........        134        143        195        217        248        289        246        409        404
    Other (mainly health insurance          .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          *          *          *          *          *
     experiments).........................
                                           -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo.................  .........        798      1,532      1,840      2,196      2,283      2,544      2,637      3,283      4,170
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-).................  .........        486       -179         71       -321        233        191        265        526        166
   Fund balance at end of year............  .........        486        307        378         57        290        481        746      1,272      1,438
                                           =============================================================================================================
   Invested balance.......................  .........        479        281        358         13        257        478        700      1,231      1,378
   Uninvested balance.....................  .........          7         25         20         44         33          3         46         41         60
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 276]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1976        TQ        1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     58,703     15,886     68,032     73,141     83,410     96,581    117,757    122,840    128,972
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......        852        220        863        906        948      1,027      1,259      1,406      1,534
       Interest (903)................................      2,344         80      2,279      2,151      1,920      1,886      2,015      1,707      1,396
       Other.........................................        425  .........        614        613        615        557        540        675     18,683
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............      3,621        300      3,756      3,670      3,483      3,470      3,814      3,788     21,613
     Other cash income...............................          3          *          8          *          *          *          *          *          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     62,327     16,186     71,795     76,811     86,893    100,051    121,572    126,629    150,586
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     62,140     16,876     71,271     78,524     87,592    100,615    119,413    134,655    148,312
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......      1,212  .........      1,208      1,589      1,448      1,442      1,585      1,793      2,251
     Interest payments...............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,544
     Administrative expenses.........................        935        234        993      1,086      1,077      1,160      1,302      1,475      1,552
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational                         9          1          7          6         12         10          4          6        330
     rehabilitation) \1\.............................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     64,296     17,110     73,479     81,205     90,129    103,227    122,304    137,929    153,989
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................     -1,969       -924     -1,683     -4,394     -3,236     -3,176       -733    -11,300     -3,403
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Borrowing or repayment (-) of borrowing from other   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........     17,519
   trust funds.......................................
   Fund balance, end of year.........................     37,992     37,068     35,384     30,990     27,754     24,578     23,845     12,545     26,661
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     37,968     37,055     35,410     30,967     27,328     23,577     23,255     11,932     25,503
   Uninvested balance................................         25         13        -25         23        426      1,000        590        614      1,158
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........      7,686      2,130      8,786     12,250     14,584     16,628     12,418     20,626     18,348
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......        111         29        114        154        166        177        171        240        244
       Interest (903)................................        468         13        372        251        305        454        273        363        449
       Other.........................................         90  .........        103        128        142        118        130        168      2,447
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total interfund receipts....................        669         42        589        533        612        749        574        772      3,140
    Other intragovernmental receipts.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         11  .........  .........  .........
     Interest from OASI..............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        419
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............        669         42        589        533        612        760        574        772      3,559
     Other cash income...............................          *  .........          *          *          *          *          *          *          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................      8,355      2,172      9,374     12,784     15,196     17,388     12,992     21,398     21,907
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................      9,222      2,555     11,135     12,214     13,428     14,899     16,853     17,399     17,588
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......         26  .........         -*         30         30  .........         29         26         28
     Administrative expenses.........................        266         71        378        327        402        334        402        572        659
     Interest payments...............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         13
    Other outgo (mainly vocational rehabilitation)...         92         27         77         84         84         99         -4         37          4
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................      9,606      2,653     11,590     12,655     13,944     15,332     17,280     18,035     18,291
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................     -1,251       -481     -2,216        128      1,252      2,057     -4,288      3,363      3,615
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Lending (-) or repayment of loans to OASI fund.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........     -5,081
   Fund balance, end of year.........................      6,941      6,460      4,245      4,373      5,625      7,682      3,394      6,757      5,291
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................      6,931      6,453      4,242      4,352      5,583      7,674      3,392      6,753      5,288
   Uninvested balance................................         10          7          3         21         43          7          2          4          2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 277]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1976        TQ        1977       1978       1979       1980       1981       1982       1983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hospital insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     11,987      3,457     13,474     16,668     19,874     23,217     30,340     34,301     35,641
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (951) \2\..        175         45        175        206        228        249        332        397      1,054
       Interest (902) \2\............................        716         12        771        797        883      1,061      1,325      1,873      1,656
       Interest from OASI............................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,028
       Other.........................................        658  .........        944        860        907        871        834      1,015      4,541
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............      1,549         57      1,890      1,863      2,018      2,182      2,490      3,285      8,279
    Other (mainly proprietary) receipts:
       Premium income................................          8          2         11         12         17         17         21         25         26
      Other (mainly proprietary interest)............          *  .........          *          *          1          *          *          *          3
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     13,544      3,516     15,374     18,543     21,910     25,415     32,851     37,611     43,949
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     12,267      3,314     14,906     17,415     19,898     23,793     28,909     34,344     38,102
     Administrative expenses.........................        308         88        295        442        443        486        333        510        519
    Interest on normalized transfers.................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........         27
     Other...........................................          4          1          7          4          1          8          7         10        -97
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     12,579      3,404     15,207     17,862     20,343     24,288     29,248     34,864     38,551
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................        966        112        167        681      1,567      1,127      3,603      2,747      5,398
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Lending (-) or repayment of loans to OASI fund.....  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........    -12,437
   Fund balance, end of year.........................     10,836     10,948     11,115     11,796     13,363     14,490     18,093     20,840     13,800
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     10,942     11,009     10,974     11,757     13,164     14,656     18,191     20,800     13,514
   Uninvested balance................................       -106        -62        141         39        199       -166        -99         40        286
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Supplementary medical insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Offsetting collections:
      Intragovernmental receipts:
         Interest (902)..............................        104          4        137        229        363        416        384        473        680
         Federal contributions and other.............      2,939        878      5,053      6,386      6,841      6,932      8,747     13,323     14,238
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total intragovernmental receipts...........      3,043        882      5,190      6,614      7,204      7,347      9,132     13,796     14,918
      Premium income:
         From aged participants......................      1,769        492      1,987      2,186      2,373      2,637      2,987      3,460      3,834
        From all other participants..................        168         46        206        245        263        291        332        371        393
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Total premium income......................      1,937        539      2,193      2,431      2,636      2,928      3,319      3,831      4,227
       Other.........................................          *  .........          *          *          *          *          *          *          1
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................      4,980      1,421      7,383      9,045      9,840     10,275     12,451     17,627     19,147
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................      4,671      1,269      5,865      6,852      8,259     10,144     12,345     14,806     17,487
     Administrative expenses.........................        528        132        475        494        544        594        889        746        823
     Other...........................................          1          *          2          4          1          8          7          7          6
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................      5,200      1,401      6,342      7,350      8,805     10,746     13,240     15,559     18,317
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................       -220         20      1,041      1,696      1,035       -471       -789      2,068        830
   Fund balance at end of year.......................      1,219      1,239      2,279      3,975      5,010      4,539      3,750      5,818      6,648
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................      1,230      1,244      2,232      4,021      4,974      4,558      3,821      5,874      6,958
   Uninvested balance................................        -12         -5         47        -45         36        -19        -72        -56       -310
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 278]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1984       1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........    150,312    169,822    182,518    194,541    220,337    240,595    255,031    265,503    273,137
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......      1,852      2,288      2,608      3,011      4,000      4,432      5,038      5,242      5,508
       Interest (903)................................      2,752      3,537      3,698      4,495      6,758     10,649     15,125     19,164     22,557
       Other.........................................      8,400      6,639      7,544      5,447      5,501      5,819      4,405      5,838      5,949
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............     13,004     12,465     13,850     12,953     16,259     20,900     24,568     30,244     34,015
     Other cash income...............................          *          *          *         30          *          *          *          *          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................    163,315    182,287    196,368    207,525    236,596    261,495    279,599    295,747    307,152
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................    155,846    165,422    174,364    182,055    192,541    204,648    218,957    236,120    251,317
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......      2,404      2,310      2,585      2,557      2,790      2,845      2,969      3,375      3,148
     Interest payments...............................      2,565      2,293      1,013        625        836        989        982        418  .........
     Administrative expenses.........................      1,585      1,588      1,610      1,542      1,730      1,658      1,566      1,747      1,824
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      2,114  .........
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational                         6          *  .........  .........         -*  .........          *          *  .........
     rehabilitation).................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................    162,406    171,614    179,572    186,780    197,897    210,141    224,475    243,774    256,290
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................        909     10,673     16,797     20,745     38,700     51,354     55,125     51,972     50,862
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Borrowing or repayment (-) of borrowing from other   .........     -4,364    -13,155  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
   trust funds.......................................
   Fund balance, end of year.........................     27,570     33,879     37,521     58,266     96,966    148,320    203,445    255,417    306,280
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     27,224     30,971     36,948     58,356     97,137    148,565    203,717    255,557    306,524
   Uninvested balance................................        346      2,908        573        -89       -171       -245       -271       -140       -244
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     15,763     16,348     17,711     18,861     21,154     23,071     26,625     28,382     29,289
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......        192        221        249        289        382        426        529        562        593
       Interest (903)................................        558        580        631        795        657        745        866      1,058      1,080
       Other.........................................        753        548      1,427        167        266        335        302        133        217
     Interest from OASI..............................        546        365        159  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............      2,049      1,714      2,466      1,251      1,306      1,506      1,697      1,753      1,890
     Other cash income...............................          *          *          *          3          *  .........          *          *          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     17,812     18,062     20,177     20,115     22,460     24,577     28,322     30,135     31,179
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     17,735     18,654     19,526     20,421     21,395     22,516     24,306     26,871     30,360
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......         22         43         68         57         61         88         80         82         58
     Administrative expenses.........................        585        603        600        738        803        747        707        785        843
     Interest payments...............................         77         69         45         60         80         95        100         45  .........
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        775  .........
    Other outgo (mainly vocational rehabilitation)...         40          3          4         15         21         40         38         34         34
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     18,459     19,372     20,243     21,290     22,360     23,487     25,230     28,592     31,295
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................       -647     -1,310        -66     -1,175        100      1,090      3,091      1,543       -116
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Lending (-) or repayment of loans to OASI fund.....  .........      2,540      2,541  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
   Fund balance, end of year.........................      4,644      5,874      8,349      7,174      7,273      8,364     11,455     12,998     12,881
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................      4,656      5,704      8,335      7,193      7,345      8,428     11,505     13,105     12,918
   Uninvested balance................................        -12        170         14        -19        -72        -65        -50       -107        -36
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 279]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1984       1985       1986       1987       1988       1989       1990       1991       1992
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hospital insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     40,262     44,871     51,335     55,992     59,859     65,396     68,556     72,842     79,108
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (951) \2\..      1,306      1,449      1,604      1,700      1,884      2,007      2,153      2,205      2,324
       Interest (902) \2\............................      1,686      2,016      2,809      3,994      5,169      6,603      7,943      8,992     10,054
       Interest from OASI............................      1,337      1,207        383  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
       Other.........................................      1,106      1,348        254        999      1,045      1,070        798        631        706
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............      5,435      6,020      5,049      6,693      8,098      9,679     10,894     11,828     13,084
    Other (mainly proprietary) receipts:
       Premium income................................         35         38         40         40         42         42        113        367        484
      Other (after 1984, mainly for kidney dialysis).          *          *          *          9          *  .........          *          *          *
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     45,732     50,928     56,424     62,735     67,999     75,117     79,563     85,038     92,677
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     41,461     47,710     48,867     49,804     51,862     57,317     65,722     68,486     80,584
     Administrative expenses.........................        632        813        667        827        707        805        774        937      1,187
    Interest on normalized transfers.................        187         13  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,100  .........
     Other...........................................         15        131        151        172        160        116        190        218        200
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     42,295     48,667     49,685     50,803     52,730     58,238     66,687     70,742     81,971
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................      3,437      2,261      6,739     11,932     15,270     16,880     12,876     14,296     10,706
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Lending (-) or repayment of loans to OASI fund.....  .........      1,824     10,613  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
   Fund balance, end of year.........................     17,237     21,322     38,674     50,606     65,876     82,755     95,631    109,927    120,633
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     16,982     21,176     38,340     50,779     66,078     82,689     96,249    109,327    120,647
   Uninvested balance................................        255        146        334       -173       -202         66       -617        600        -13
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Supplementary medical insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Individual income taxes \3\......................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        527       -527  .........  .........
    Offsetting collections:
      Intragovernmental receipts:
         Interest (902) \3\..........................        807      1,154      1,228      1,019        828      1,025      1,427      1,627      1,716
         Federal contributions and other.............     16,811     17,898     18,076     20,299     25,418     30,712     33,210     34,730     38,684
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total intragovernmental receipts...........     17,618     19,052     19,304     21,318     26,246     31,737     34,637     36,358     40,400
      Premium income:
         From aged participants......................      4,463      5,042      5,200      5,897      7,963     10,603     10,499     10,741     11,564
        From all other participants..................        444        482        500        582        793        945        995      1,066      1,184
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Total premium income......................      4,907      5,524      5,699      6,480      8,756     11,548     11,494     11,807     12,748
       Other \4\.....................................          *         -*          *          *          *  .........          3          1          1
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     22,526     24,576     25,004     27,797     35,002     43,812     45,607     48,166     53,149
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     19,475     21,808     25,166     29,932     33,677     36,854     41,450     45,456     48,595
     Administrative expenses \3\.....................        899        923      1,051        900      1,265      1,450      1,524      1,507      1,658
     Other...........................................  .........  .........  .........          5          4         13         47         58         32
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     20,374     22,730     26,217     30,837     34,947     38,316     43,022     47,021     50,285
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................      2,151      1,846     -1,214     -3,039         55      5,495      2,585      1,145      2,863
   Fund balance at end of year.......................      8,799     10,645      9,431      6,392      6,447     11,942     14,527     15,672     18,535
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................      9,117     10,736      9,424      6,166      6,326     11,928     14,286     16,241     18,534
   Uninvested balance................................       -318        -91          7        226        121         15        241       -569          2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 280]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000       2001
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........    281,735    302,607    284,091    311,869    336,729    358,784    383,559    411,677    434,057
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......      5,796      5,787      5,434      5,326      5,582      6,086      6,374      6,542      6,761
       Interest (903)................................     25,822     28,505     31,417     34,026     37,688     42,197     46,847     53,531     61,239
       Other.........................................      5,967      5,378      5,143      5,772      6,486      8,620     10,197     12,509     11,813
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............     37,585     39,670     41,994     45,124     49,756     56,903     63,418     72,582     79,813
     Other cash income...............................          4          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          1
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................    319,325    342,278    326,085    356,993    386,485    415,687    446,977    484,259    513,871
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................    264,582    276,291    288,617    299,985    312,880    324,274    332,383    347,894    367,702
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......      3,353      3,420      4,052      3,554      3,688      3,662      3,681      3,538      3,273
     Interest payments...............................         -*  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
     Administrative expenses.........................      2,026      1,876      1,805      1,793      2,001      1,833      1,851      1,995      2,093
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........        129  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
    Other outgo (mainly for vocational                         *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        -25
     rehabilitation).................................
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................    269,960    281,586    294,474    305,461    318,569    329,769    337,915    353,427    373,043
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................     49,364     60,691     31,611     51,532     67,916     85,918    109,062    130,832    140,828
   Fund balance, end of year.........................    355,644    416,335    447,946    499,479    567,395    653,314    762,376    893,208   1,034,03
                                                                                                                                                       6
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................    355,510    413,425    447,947    499,403    567,445    653,282    762,226    893,519   1,034,11
                                                                                                                                                       4
   Uninvested balance................................        134      2,911         -1         75        -49         32        150       -311        -78
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     30,199     32,419     66,988     55,623     55,261     57,015     60,909     68,907     73,462
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (952)......        620        622        998        952        901        966      1,011      1,095      1,149
       Interest (903)................................        966        698      1,888      2,481      3,526      4,433      5,224      6,265      7,572
       Other.........................................        279        310        341        378        412        539        647        787        770
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............      1,865      1,631      3,227      3,811      4,839      5,938      6,882      8,147      9,491
     Other cash income...............................          2          *  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........          8         27
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     32,065     34,049     70,215     59,434     60,100     62,953     67,791     77,062     82,980
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     33,588     36,823     40,201     43,231     45,367     47,680     50,424     54,210     58,159
    Payments to the railroad retirement account......         83        106         68          2         59        157        135        159         10
     Administrative expenses.........................        932      1,018      1,064      1,074      1,211      1,565      1,520      1,611      1,764
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........        203  .........  .........  .........  .........        836
    Other outgo (mainly vocational rehabilitation)...         38         37         47         48         64         57         63         66         62
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     34,641     37,984     41,380     44,558     46,701     49,459     52,142     56,046     60,831
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................     -2,576     -3,935     28,835     14,876     13,399     13,494     15,649     21,016     22,149
   Fund balance, end of year.........................     10,305      6,371     35,206     50,083     63,483     76,979     92,628    113,644    135,793
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     10,237      6,100     35,225     50,100     63,562     76,996     92,666    113,707    135,842
   Uninvested balance................................         69        271        -19        -17        -79        -17        -37        -64        -49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 281]]


                   Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--Continued
                                                                (in millions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1993       1994       1995       1996       1997       1998       1999       2000       2001
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hospital insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement receipts.........     81,224     90,062     96,024    104,997    110,710    119,863    132,268    135,529    149,651
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee retirement (951) \2\..      2,375      2,440      2,449      2,382      2,465      2,499      2,576      2,630      2,704
       Interest (902) \2\............................     10,581     10,593     10,871     10,389      9,757      9,154      9,286     10,470     12,338
       Federal Payment (OASI taxes)..................  .........      1,639      3,913      4,069      3,558      5,067      6,552      8,787      4,903
       Other.........................................        495        608        591        554        691        197        861        725        725
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental receipts.............     13,450     15,280     17,824     17,394     16,471     16,917     19,275     22,612     20,670
    Other (mainly proprietary) receipts:
       Premium income................................        622        852        998      1,107      1,279      1,320      1,401      1,392      1,440
      Other (after 1984, mainly for kidney dialysis).          1          1          1          1         89        104         71        148        454
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     95,297    106,195    114,847    123,499    128,549    138,204    153,015    159,681    172,215
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     90,535    101,350    113,402    123,908    136,010    135,299    129,286    127,698    139,082
     Administrative expenses.........................        866      1,235      1,300      1,228      1,203      1,204      1,296      1,262      1,442
     Military service credit adjustment..............  .........  .........  .........      2,366  .........  .........  .........  .........      1,177
     Other...........................................        203        185        181        181        671        795        918      1,070      1,200
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     91,604    102,770    114,883    127,683    137,884    137,298    131,500    130,030    142,901
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................      3,693      3,425        -36     -4,184     -9,335        906     21,515     29,651     29,314
   Adjustment to balances............................  .........  .........  .........          1  .........  .........         -2  .........  .........
   Transfer of CHI balances..........................      1,805  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
   Fund balance, end of year.........................    126,131    129,555    129,520    125,337    116,002    116,908    138,421    168,072    197,385
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................    126,078    128,716    129,864    125,805    116,621    118,236    153,767    168,859    197,137
   Uninvested balance................................         52        840       -344       -467       -619     -1,328    -15,346       -787        247
                                                      ==================================================================================================
Supplementary medical insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Offsetting collections:
      Intragovernmental receipts:
         Interest (902)..............................      1,888      2,116      1,935      1,388      2,192      2,606      2,926      3,160      3,187
         Federal contributions and other.............     44,227     38,355     36,988     61,702     59,471     59,919     62,185     65,561     69,863
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total intragovernmental receipts...........     46,114     40,471     38,923     63,090     61,663     62,525     65,111     68,721     73,050
      Premium income:
         From aged participants......................     13,255     15,212     17,126     16,858     16,984     17,153     17,722     17,961     19,447
        From all other participants..................      1,428      1,683      2,117      2,073      2,158      2,274      2,438      2,554      2,861
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Total premium income......................     14,683     16,895     19,243     18,931     19,142     19,427     20,160     20,515     22,308
       Other \4\.....................................          1          2          3          4          1          3          7          4          4
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income...........................     60,799     57,367     58,169     82,025     80,806     81,955     85,278     89,240     95,362
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments................................     52,398     57,997     63,482     67,167     71,115     74,808     78,972     87,169     97,471
     Administrative expenses.........................      1,845      1,718      1,722      1,770      1,420      1,431      1,510      1,780      1,926
     Other...........................................         11         10          9          9         18         33         36         43         55
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo............................     54,254     59,724     65,213     68,946     72,553     76,272     80,518     88,992     99,452
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)............................      6,545     -2,357     -7,044     13,079      8,253      5,683      4,760        248     -4,090
   Transfer of CHI balances..........................     -1,805  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
   Fund balance at end of year.......................     23,276     20,919     13,874     26,953     35,206     40,889     45,649     45,896     41,805
                                                      ==================================================================================================
   Invested balance..................................     23,268     21,489     13,513     27,175     34,464     39,502     26,529     45,075     41,978
   Uninvested balance................................          8       -570        361       -222        742      1,387     19,120        821       -174
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 282]]


    Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--
                                                    Continued
                                            (in millions of dollars)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                        2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old age and survivors insurance
 fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement    440,541    454,405    475,436    503,931    525,531    550,896    575,470
     receipts......................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee           8,005      8,115      8,568      9,227      9,815     10,394     11,150
       retirement (952)............
       Interest (903)..............     68,105     74,028     78,753     86,219     94,829    104,915    116,404
       Other.......................     12,626     12,154     12,985     13,384     14,208     15,381     16,731
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental         88,736     94,297    100,306    108,830    118,852    130,690    144,285
         receipts..................
     Other cash income.............          1          1          1          1          1          1          1
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income.........    529,278    548,703    575,743    612,762    644,384    681,587    719,756
                                    ============================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments..............    383,970    396,898    410,896    426,776    444,030    463,443    485,497
    Payments to the railroad             3,493      3,672      3,649      3,697      3,529      3,694      3,693
     retirement account............
     Administrative expenses.......      2,118      2,369      2,482      2,523      2,571      2,624      2,684
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo..........    389,581    402,939    417,027    432,996    450,130    469,761    491,874
                                    ============================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)..........    139,697    145,764    158,716    179,766    194,254    211,826    227,882
   Fund balance, end of year.......   1,173,73   1,319,49   1,478,21   1,657,97   1,852,23   2,064,05   2,291,94
                                             3          7          3          9          3          9          1
                                    ============================================================================
   Invested balance................   1,173,75   1,319,49   1,478,21   1,657,97   1,852,23   2,064,05   2,291,94
                                             9          7          3          9          3          9          1
   Uninvested balance..............        -26  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                    ============================================================================
Disability insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement     74,780     77,160     80,732     85,572     89,241     93,548     97,722
     receipts......................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee           1,287      1,378      1,455      1,567      1,667      1,765      1,893
       retirement (952)............
       Interest (903)..............      8,715      9,548      9,945     10,550     11,293     12,080     12,849
       Other.......................        972        937      1,067      1,076      1,181      1,309      1,470
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental         10,974     11,863     12,467     13,193     14,141     15,154     16,212
         receipts..................
     Other cash income.............         36         36         37         38         40         42         44
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income.........     85,790     89,059     93,236     98,803    103,422    108,744    113,978
                                    ============================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments \5\..........     64,202     73,444     77,950     80,719     85,125     91,090     97,496
    Payments to the railroad               154        198        229        255        259        300        320
     retirement account............
     Administrative expenses.......      2,008      1,847      2,024      2,061      2,102      2,148      2,200
    Other outgo (mainly vocational          68        104        127  .........  .........  .........  .........
     rehabilitation)...............
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo..........     66,432     75,593     80,330     83,035     87,486     93,538    100,016
                                    ============================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)..........     19,358     13,466     12,906     15,768     15,936     15,206     13,962
   Fund balance, end of year.......    155,151    168,617    181,523    197,291    213,227    228,433    242,395
                                    ============================================================================
   Invested balance................    155,287    168,617    181,523    197,291    213,227    228,433    242,395
   Uninvested balance..............       -137  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 283]]


    Table 13.1--CASH INCOME, OUTGO, AND BALANCES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE TRUST FUNDS: 1936-2008--
                                                    Continued
                                            (in millions of dollars)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   2003       2004       2005       2006       2007       2008
                                        2002     estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate   estimate
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hospital insurance trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Social insurance and retirement    149,049    152,275    159,784    170,037    177,525    186,262    194,827
     receipts......................
    Intragovernmental receipts:
      Employer share, employee           2,913      3,017      3,085      3,239      3,367      3,498      3,678
       retirement (951) \2\........
       Interest (902) \2\..........     13,774     14,037     15,359     16,579     18,056     19,767     21,716
       Federal Payment (OASI taxes)     10,946      7,780      8,348      8,989      9,677     10,479     11,607
       Other.......................      1,201        695        841        527        525        539        554
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Total intragovernmental         28,834     25,529     27,633     29,334     31,625     34,283     37,555
         receipts..................
    Other (mainly proprietary)
     receipts:
       Premium income..............      1,525      1,568      1,681      1,772      1,870      1,977      2,085
      Other (after 1984, mainly for        331        363        363        363        363        363        363
       kidney dialysis)............
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income.........    179,739    179,735    189,461    201,506    211,383    222,885    234,830
                                    ============================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments \6\..........    145,308    150,001    159,418    168,640    172,886    183,589    193,852
     Administrative expenses.......      1,484      1,581      1,574      1,588      1,620      1,656      1,698
     Other \6\.....................      1,221      1,343      1,366  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo..........    148,013    152,925    162,358    170,228    174,506    185,245    195,550
                                    ============================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)..........     31,726     26,810     27,103     31,278     36,877     37,640     39,280
   Fund balance, end of year.......    229,111    255,921    283,022    314,300    351,177    388,817    428,097
                                    ============================================================================
   Invested balance................    228,906    255,921    283,022    314,300    351,177    388,817    428,097
   Uninvested balance..............        204  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                    ============================================================================
Supplementary medical insurance
 trust fund:
  Cash income:
    Offsetting collections:
      Intragovernmental receipts:
         Interest (902)............      2,916      2,374      1,960      1,980      2,119      2,232      2,319
         Federal contributions and      78,334     80,909     94,518     96,167    101,010    106,365    113,409
         other.....................
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Total intragovernmental       81,250     83,283     96,478     98,147    103,129    108,597    115,728
           receipts................
      Premium income:
         From aged participants....     21,173     23,009     25,145     26,511     27,810     29,216     31,144
        From all other participants      3,254      3,692      4,172      4,543      4,842      5,146      5,526
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Total premium income....     24,427     26,701     29,317     31,054     32,652     34,362     36,670
       Other \4\...................          3  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash income.........    105,680    109,984    125,795    129,201    135,781    142,959    152,398
                                    ============================================================================
  Cash outgo:
     Benefit payments \6\..........    106,901    117,627    119,214    126,253    129,647    138,189    147,223
     Administrative expenses.......      1,717      2,138      2,170      2,214      2,262      2,315      2,378
     Other \6\.....................        207        254        134  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Total cash outgo..........    108,825    120,019    121,518    128,467    131,909    140,504    149,601
                                    ============================================================================
   Surplus or deficit (-)..........     -3,145    -10,035      4,277        734      3,872      2,455      2,797
   Fund balance at end of year.....     38,660     28,625     32,902     33,636     37,508     39,963     42,760
                                    ============================================================================
   Invested balance................     38,804     28,625     32,902     33,636     37,508     39,963     42,760
   Uninvested balance..............       -145  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes on following page.


[[Page 284]]


* $500 thousand or less.
\1\ In 1983, includes $329.3 million loss on sale of securities.
\2\ Starting in 1983, includes amounts from Postal Service.
\3\ For 1989 and 1990, includes transactions and balances of the HI and SMI Catastrophic Insurance trust funds,
  which began in 1989 and were abolished in 1990.
\4\ For years after 1986, receipts for kidney dialysis.
\5\ For years after 2004, includes outlays for vocational rehabilitation.
\6\ For years after 2004, outlays for peer review organizations are included in the benefit payments line.
Note: Offsetting collections from Federal sources that are credited to the Old Age and Survivors insurance
  (OASI) account and to the Supplementary Medical insurance (SMI) account are treated as offsets to cash outgo
  rather than as cash income. As a result, the partial transfer to SMI of Hospital Insurance (HI) home health is
  shown as benefit payments under HI rather than SMI. Similarly, transfers to Medicaid for payment of SMI
  premiums, which began in 2001, are shown as benefits under SMI.



[[Page 285]]

 
                    Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1947       1948       1949       1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts.....................      18.0       19.1       15.5       15.8       22.6       28.0       30.5       29.4       28.9
Corporate profits tax accruals.......................      10.6       11.2       10.8       11.8       21.7       19.4       19.7       17.3       18.9
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals............       8.0        8.0        8.2        8.3        9.5        9.8       10.8       10.4       10.1
Social insurance receipts............................       6.1        4.6        4.6        4.9        6.0        6.6        6.8        7.4        8.3
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts.....................................      42.7       42.9       39.1       40.8       59.8       63.7       67.9       64.5       66.1
                                                      ==================================================================================================
                     Expenditures
Consumption expenditures.............................      23.1       19.8       23.2       22.2       26.4       39.9       47.6       46.4       42.7
  Defense............................................     (20.1)     (16.4)     (17.1)     (16.0)     (22.6)     (35.3)     (41.3)     (39.6)     (36.1)
  Nondefense.........................................      (2.9)      (3.4)      (6.1)      (6.2)      (3.8)      (4.6)      (6.3)      (6.8)      (6.5)
Transfer payments....................................       9.7       10.9       12.6       15.1       10.6       10.5       10.6       11.4       13.4
  Domestic (``to persons'')..........................      (7.8)      (8.2)      (7.6)     (10.8)      (7.5)      (7.9)      (8.5)      (9.7)     (11.3)
  Foreign............................................      (1.9)      (2.6)      (5.0)      (4.3)      (3.2)      (2.6)      (2.1)      (1.7)      (2.1)
Grants to State and local governments................       1.4        1.6        1.8        2.0        2.0        2.0        2.2        2.3        2.3
Net interest paid....................................       4.2        4.3        4.4        4.5        4.6        4.7        4.7        4.8        4.8
Subsidies less current surplus of government                0.7        0.5        0.7        0.8        1.2        1.0        0.8        0.6        0.6
 enterprises.........................................
  Subsidies..........................................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit.....................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
Wage disbursements less accruals.....................  .........  .........  .........  .........        -*         -*          *          *       -0.1
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures.................................      38.9       37.0       42.6       44.6       44.8       58.1       66.0       65.7       63.7
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis.................       3.8        5.9       -3.5       -3.8       15.0        5.7        1.9       -1.1        2.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1956       1957       1958       1959       1960       1961       1962       1963       1964
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts.....................      32.5       35.4       35.0       36.9       40.9       41.7       45.3       47.5       48.3
Corporate profits tax accruals.......................      21.5       20.8       17.9       21.5       22.3       20.1       22.6       23.2       25.7
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals............      10.9       11.8       11.7       12.0       13.3       13.4       14.3       15.1       15.7
Social insurance receipts............................       9.5       10.5       11.0       12.3       15.2       16.4       18.0       20.1       21.5
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts.....................................      74.4       78.5       75.5       82.7       91.6       91.6      100.2      105.9      111.1
                                                      ==================================================================================================
                     Expenditures
Consumption expenditures.............................      45.2       47.1       50.1       51.8       51.5       52.9       56.2       60.5       63.9
  Defense............................................     (38.2)     (41.0)     (43.8)     (43.1)     (42.2)     (44.1)     (46.7)     (48.6)     (50.7)
  Nondefense.........................................      (7.1)      (6.1)      (6.3)      (8.7)      (9.3)      (8.9)      (9.5)     (11.9)     (13.3)
Transfer payments....................................      13.7       15.2       18.3       20.2       20.8       23.9       25.3       26.3       27.0
  Domestic (``to persons'')..........................     (11.8)     (13.3)     (16.6)     (18.4)     (19.0)     (21.9)     (23.2)     (24.2)     (24.9)
  Foreign............................................      (1.9)      (1.9)      (1.8)      (1.8)      (1.8)      (2.0)      (2.1)      (2.0)      (2.1)
Grants to State and local governments................       2.4        2.7        3.0        3.7        4.0        4.3        4.8        5.3        6.1
Net interest paid....................................       5.0        5.6        5.6        5.8        7.0        6.7        6.7        7.4        8.1
Subsidies less current surplus of government                0.7        1.6        1.5        1.5        1.3        1.9        2.5        2.6        2.7
 enterprises.........................................
  Subsidies..........................................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (1.1)      (1.5)      (2.1)      (2.2)      (2.4)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit.....................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (0.2)      (0.5)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.2)
Wage disbursements less accruals.....................       0.1   .........      -0.3        0.3   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures.................................      67.2       72.1       78.2       83.3       84.6       89.7       95.5      102.1      107.8
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis.................       7.3        6.4       -2.7       -0.5        7.0        1.9        4.7        3.8        3.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 286]]


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1965       1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................      48.7       54.5       61.5       68.3       86.9       90.3       84.3       95.1
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................      27.3       30.6       30.5       32.8       36.8       32.9       32.0       34.4
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................      17.0       15.6       15.9       17.3       18.8       19.4       20.1       20.0
Social insurance receipts.......................................      22.2       26.1       33.1       35.5       40.9       45.0       48.3       54.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................     115.2      126.9      141.0      154.0      183.5      187.6      184.8      203.8
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................      64.3       71.9       84.1       92.9       98.2      100.9      101.9      107.4
  Defense.......................................................     (50.1)     (56.4)     (67.3)     (75.7)     (79.0)     (79.9)     (79.3)     (81.0)
  Nondefense....................................................     (14.2)     (15.5)     (16.8)     (17.1)     (19.2)     (21.0)     (22.6)     (26.4)
Transfer payments...............................................      27.6       30.7       35.4       40.5       45.9       51.4       63.5       71.4
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................     (25.5)     (28.5)     (33.4)     (38.6)     (44.0)     (49.7)     (61.4)     (68.9)
  Foreign.......................................................      (2.1)      (2.2)      (2.0)      (1.9)      (1.9)      (1.7)      (2.1)      (2.5)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       6.8        8.6       10.7       12.8       13.2       17.0       21.4       27.0
Net interest paid...............................................       8.7        9.3       10.2       11.1       12.8       14.7       15.2       15.7
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       3.1        3.4        4.8        4.1        4.5        5.2        6.7        6.3
  Subsidies.....................................................      (2.8)      (3.0)      (4.1)      (3.6)      (4.1)      (4.3)      (5.0)      (5.0)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (0.3)      (0.5)      (0.7)      (0.5)      (0.4)      (1.0)      (1.6)      (1.3)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........      -0.1        0.1   .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................     110.4      123.9      145.2      161.4      174.6      189.2      208.8      227.7
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................       4.7        2.9       -4.2       -7.5        8.9       -1.6      -24.1      -23.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1973       1974       1975       1976       1977       1978       1979       1980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................     102.6      117.8      122.9      131.7      158.2      180.8      216.9      243.3
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................      40.4       43.5       42.4       51.6       59.8       67.5       75.1       70.5
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................      20.9       21.7       22.5       24.6       25.0       27.9       29.9       36.2
Social insurance receipts.......................................      66.2       78.3       85.6       94.0      108.5      124.2      142.8      158.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................     230.1      261.4      273.4      301.8      351.6      400.4      464.6      508.9
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................     110.9      114.6      127.1      135.0      148.0      161.1      175.6      201.3
  Defense.......................................................     (82.3)     (84.5)     (90.8)     (95.8)    (103.8)    (112.2)    (121.7)    (139.7)
  Nondefense....................................................     (28.6)     (30.1)     (36.3)     (39.2)     (44.2)     (49.0)     (54.0)     (61.6)
Transfer payments...............................................      81.0       94.3      121.8      141.6      152.6      162.5      179.6      212.7
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................     (78.7)     (91.5)    (118.5)    (138.7)    (149.3)    (159.2)    (175.7)    (208.7)
  Foreign.......................................................      (2.4)      (2.8)      (3.2)      (2.9)      (3.2)      (3.3)      (3.8)      (4.0)
Grants to State and local governments...........................      34.2       34.7       40.4       47.8       55.1       63.5       65.9       70.9
Net interest paid...............................................      17.4       21.7       24.1       27.9       31.7       36.7       44.6       55.5
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       8.4        7.2        6.9        7.4        8.6       11.0       10.8       11.9
  Subsidies.....................................................      (7.0)      (5.0)      (3.9)      (4.3)      (5.7)      (8.2)      (8.8)      (8.4)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (1.4)      (2.2)      (3.0)      (3.1)      (2.9)      (2.7)      (2.0)      (3.5)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................      -0.5        0.1        0.3       -0.1       -0.1       -0.1          *   .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................     251.5      272.5      320.6      359.7      395.9      434.7      476.5      552.4
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................     -21.4      -11.1      -47.2      -57.9      -44.3      -34.4      -11.9      -43.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 287]]


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................     281.7      301.0      285.1      294.9      331.6      346.8      390.4      398.9
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................      68.7       52.2       55.3       75.5       75.5       80.8       99.2      107.7
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................      54.3       51.6       51.9       57.0       58.2       54.1       55.8       58.4
Social insurance receipts.......................................     185.1      202.8      217.1      247.5      271.9      291.5      310.5      346.6
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................     589.8      607.6      609.5      675.0      737.2      773.2      855.9      911.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................     232.8      258.7      286.5      295.9      330.5      355.1      369.5      380.5
  Defense.......................................................    (163.1)    (187.8)    (207.5)    (221.9)    (247.9)    (268.1)    (279.8)    (292.5)
  Nondefense....................................................     (69.7)     (70.9)     (79.1)     (74.0)     (82.5)     (87.0)     (89.7)     (87.9)
Transfer payments...............................................     248.0      276.7      309.2      312.1      333.0      351.0      364.9      382.8
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................    (243.1)    (271.1)    (303.0)    (303.8)    (321.6)    (338.7)    (355.2)    (372.8)
  Foreign.......................................................      (4.9)      (5.6)      (6.2)      (8.3)     (11.3)     (12.3)      (9.7)      (9.9)
Grants to State and local governments...........................      73.8       68.9       71.1       74.7       79.8       87.5       84.5       89.2
Net interest paid...............................................      72.7       90.3      100.7      119.8      141.3      149.2      155.0      168.8
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........      14.0       14.4       19.7       26.9       24.7       24.7       28.6       29.6
  Subsidies.....................................................     (10.7)     (12.3)     (16.9)     (23.5)     (21.8)     (23.0)     (27.2)     (27.3)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (3.3)      (2.1)      (2.8)      (3.4)      (2.9)      (1.7)      (1.4)      (2.3)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................      -0.1          *        0.4       -0.1        0.1   .........      -0.1        0.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................     641.3      709.1      787.7      829.3      909.4      967.4    1,002.4    1,051.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................     -51.5     -101.5     -178.2     -154.3     -172.2     -194.2     -146.5     -139.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................     449.8      464.8      465.7      473.9      500.9      541.2      583.7      654.7
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................     118.8      117.2      111.5      115.6      131.0      152.5      177.8      187.8
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................      61.6       62.2       75.4       80.0       84.1       94.2       93.8       90.3
Social insurance receipts.......................................     370.3      395.1      413.1      434.9      458.4      487.9      515.8      535.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................   1,000.6    1,039.4    1,065.7    1,104.4    1,174.3    1,275.8    1,371.0    1,468.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................     396.5      413.4      437.5      442.0      444.8      441.6      441.5      435.8
  Defense.......................................................    (299.5)    (305.7)    (321.5)    (314.9)    (311.1)    (304.6)    (299.6)    (295.5)
  Nondefense....................................................     (97.0)    (107.7)    (116.0)    (127.1)    (133.7)    (137.1)    (141.9)    (140.2)
Transfer payments...............................................     410.2      451.7      448.1      548.4      590.2      614.8      646.6      680.4
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................    (400.0)    (437.3)    (478.1)    (537.1)    (573.4)    (599.3)    (633.8)    (668.6)
  Foreign.......................................................     (10.3)     (14.4)    (-29.9)     (11.3)     (16.8)     (15.5)     (12.8)     (11.9)
Grants to State and local governments...........................      96.4      107.7      125.4      145.5      157.7      172.8      184.3      188.4
Net interest paid...............................................     187.6      207.4      218.9      229.7      228.4      234.0      261.9      272.6
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........      31.2       32.7       26.4       28.4       38.6       32.9       34.3       34.4
  Subsidies.....................................................     (29.8)     (27.8)     (24.0)     (27.4)     (38.1)     (30.9)     (34.4)     (32.6)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (1.4)      (4.9)      (2.4)      (1.1)      (0.5)      (2.0)     (-0.1)      (1.8)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................  .........        -*          *   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................   1,121.8    1,212.9    1,256.3    1,394.1    1,459.7    1,496.0    1,568.6    1,611.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................    -121.2     -173.5     -190.7     -289.7     -285.4     -220.2     -197.5     -143.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 288]]


               Table 14.1--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                       2003       2004
                                                                     1997       1998       1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................     736.3      822.7      878.7      997.2    1,006.4      845.7      826.5      840.4
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................     198.6      206.4      207.8      226.5      185.4      167.7      161.7      191.0
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................      97.9       97.3       98.4      107.9      111.5      108.9      112.5      116.4
Social insurance receipts.......................................     566.1      604.2      641.1      687.9      712.8      724.6      762.0      807.3
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................   1,599.0    1,730.7    1,826.0    2,019.5    2,016.2    1,846.9    1,862.7    1,955.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................     453.8      452.0      466.9      490.3      516.3      573.7      614.9      646.7
  Defense.......................................................    (304.0)    (300.3)    (306.4)    (320.8)    (337.3)    (373.9)    (398.7)    (415.5)
  Nondefense....................................................    (149.8)    (151.7)    (160.5)    (169.5)    (179.0)    (199.8)    (216.2)    (231.1)
Transfer payments...............................................     711.0      727.9      741.3      770.3      826.0      907.9      965.4      993.7
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................    (699.9)    (716.9)    (730.5)    (756.8)    (816.3)    (894.3)    (951.7)    (979.5)
  Foreign.......................................................     (11.2)     (11.0)     (10.7)     (13.5)      (9.7)     (13.6)     (13.7)     (14.2)
Grants to State and local governments...........................     191.9      207.2      225.4      244.0      268.8      297.0      330.6      353.4
Net interest paid...............................................     275.4      278.3      267.1      263.0      247.9      217.4      207.8      221.8
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........      30.8       31.8       69.4       99.8       97.2       39.2       39.1       40.5
  Subsidies.....................................................     (31.1)     (33.7)     (36.0)     (49.5)     (48.6)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................     (-0.3)     (-1.8)     (-1.3)      (0.4)     (-2.6)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................   1,663.0    1,697.1    1,770.2    1,867.4    1,956.2    2,035.2    2,157.9    2,256.2
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................     -64.0       33.5       55.8      152.1       60.0     -188.3     -295.2     -301.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/A: Not available.
* $50 million or less.



[[Page 289]]

 
         Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1947       1948       1949       1950       1951       1952       1953       1954       1955
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts.....................       7.7        7.5        5.7        5.8        7.0        8.0        8.2        7.8        7.3
Corporate profits tax accruals.......................       4.5        4.4        4.0        4.3        6.8        5.6        5.3        4.6        4.8
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals............       3.4        3.1        3.0        3.0        3.0        2.8        2.9        2.8        2.6
Social insurance receipts............................       2.6        1.8        1.7        1.8        1.9        1.9        1.8        2.0        2.1
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts.....................................      18.2       16.7       14.4       14.9       18.6       18.3       18.2       17.1       16.7
                                                      ==================================================================================================
                     Expenditures
Consumption expenditures.............................       9.8        7.7        8.5        8.1        8.2       11.4       12.7       12.3       10.8
  Defense............................................      (8.6)      (6.4)      (6.3)      (5.9)      (7.0)     (10.1)     (11.1)     (10.5)      (9.1)
  Nondefense.........................................      (1.2)      (1.3)      (2.3)      (2.3)      (1.2)      (1.3)      (1.7)      (1.8)      (1.7)
Transfer payments....................................       4.1        4.2        4.6        5.5        3.3        3.0        2.8        3.0        3.4
  Domestic (``to persons'')..........................      (3.3)      (3.2)      (2.8)      (3.9)      (2.3)      (2.3)      (2.3)      (2.6)      (2.8)
  Foreign............................................      (0.8)      (1.0)      (1.8)      (1.6)      (1.0)      (0.8)      (0.6)      (0.5)      (0.5)
Grants to State and local governments................       0.6        0.6        0.7        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6
Net interest paid....................................       1.8        1.7        1.6        1.6        1.4        1.3        1.3        1.3        1.2
Subsidies less current surplus of government                0.3        0.2        0.3        0.3        0.4        0.3        0.2        0.2        0.2
 enterprises.........................................
  Subsidies..........................................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit.....................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
Wage disbursements less accruals.....................  .........  .........  .........  .........        -*         -*          *          *         -*
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures.................................      16.6       14.4       15.7       16.3       14.0       16.7       17.7       17.4       16.1
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis.................       1.6        2.3       -1.3       -1.4        4.7        1.6        0.5       -0.3        0.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          1956       1957       1958       1959       1960       1961       1962       1963       1964
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts.....................       7.6        7.9        7.6        7.5        7.9        7.8        8.0        7.9        7.5
Corporate profits tax accruals.......................       5.0        4.6        3.9        4.4        4.3        3.8        4.0        3.9        4.0
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals............       2.5        2.6        2.5        2.4        2.6        2.5        2.5        2.5        2.4
Social insurance receipts............................       2.2        2.3        2.4        2.5        2.9        3.1        3.2        3.4        3.4
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts.....................................      17.4       17.4       16.4       16.8       17.7       17.2       17.6       17.7       17.3
                                                      ==================================================================================================
                     Expenditures
Consumption expenditures.............................      10.6       10.4       10.9       10.5        9.9       10.0        9.9       10.1       10.0
  Defense............................................      (8.9)      (9.1)      (9.5)      (8.8)      (8.1)      (8.3)      (8.2)      (8.1)      (7.9)
  Nondefense.........................................      (1.7)      (1.3)      (1.4)      (1.8)      (1.8)      (1.7)      (1.7)      (2.0)      (2.1)
Transfer payments....................................       3.2        3.4        4.0        4.1        4.0        4.5        4.4        4.4        4.2
  Domestic (``to persons'')..........................      (2.8)      (2.9)      (3.6)      (3.7)      (3.7)      (4.1)      (4.1)      (4.0)      (3.9)
  Foreign............................................      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.3)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.3)      (0.3)
Grants to State and local governments................       0.6        0.6        0.7        0.7        0.8        0.8        0.8        0.9        1.0
Net interest paid....................................       1.2        1.2        1.2        1.2        1.4        1.3        1.2        1.2        1.3
Subsidies less current surplus of government                0.2        0.4        0.3        0.3        0.2        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.4
 enterprises.........................................
  Subsidies..........................................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (0.2)      (0.3)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.4)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit.....................      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)        (*)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)        (*)
Wage disbursements less accruals.....................         *   .........      -0.1        0.1   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures.................................      15.7       16.0       17.0       16.9       16.3       16.9       16.8       17.0       16.8
                                                      ==================================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis.................       1.7        1.4       -0.6       -0.1        1.3        0.3        0.8        0.6        0.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 290]]


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1965       1966       1967       1968       1969       1970       1971       1972
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................       7.1        7.2        7.6        7.9        9.2        8.9        7.8        8.1
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................       4.0        4.1        3.7        3.8        3.9        3.3        3.0        2.9
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................       2.5        2.1        2.0        2.0        2.0        1.9        1.9        1.7
Social insurance receipts.......................................       3.2        3.5        4.1        4.1        4.3        4.4        4.5        4.6
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................      16.7       16.8       17.3       17.7       19.3       18.5       17.1       17.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................       9.3        9.5       10.3       10.7       10.3       10.0        9.4        9.1
  Defense.......................................................      (7.3)      (7.5)      (8.3)      (8.7)      (8.3)      (7.9)      (7.3)      (6.9)
  Nondefense....................................................      (2.1)      (2.1)      (2.1)      (2.0)      (2.0)      (2.1)      (2.1)      (2.2)
Transfer payments...............................................       4.0        4.1        4.4        4.7        4.8        5.1        5.9        6.0
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................      (3.7)      (3.8)      (4.1)      (4.4)      (4.6)      (4.9)      (5.7)      (5.8)
  Foreign.......................................................      (0.3)      (0.3)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       1.0        1.1        1.3        1.5        1.4        1.7        2.0        2.3
Net interest paid...............................................       1.3        1.2        1.3        1.3        1.3        1.4        1.4        1.3
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       0.4        0.5        0.6        0.5        0.5        0.5        0.6        0.5
  Subsidies.....................................................      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.5)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.5)      (0.4)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................        (*)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)        (*)      (0.1)      (0.2)      (0.1)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................  .........  .........  .........  .........  .........        -*          *   .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................      16.1       16.4       17.8       18.6       18.4       18.7       19.3       19.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................       0.7        0.4       -0.5       -0.9        0.9       -0.2       -2.2       -2.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1973       1974       1975       1976       1977       1978       1979       1980
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................       7.8        8.2        7.9        7.6        8.0        8.1        8.7        8.9
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................       3.1        3.0        2.7        3.0        3.0        3.0        3.0        2.6
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................       1.6        1.5        1.4        1.4        1.3        1.3        1.2        1.3
Social insurance receipts.......................................       5.1        5.4        5.5        5.4        5.5        5.6        5.7        5.8
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................      17.6       18.1       17.5       17.4       17.8       18.0       18.6       18.6
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................       8.5        7.9        8.1        7.8        7.5        7.3        7.0        7.4
  Defense.......................................................      (6.3)      (5.9)      (5.8)      (5.5)      (5.3)      (5.1)      (4.9)      (5.1)
  Nondefense....................................................      (2.2)      (2.1)      (2.3)      (2.3)      (2.2)      (2.2)      (2.2)      (2.3)
Transfer payments...............................................       6.2        6.5        7.8        8.2        7.7        7.3        7.2        7.8
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................      (6.0)      (6.3)      (7.6)      (8.0)      (7.6)      (7.2)      (7.0)      (7.6)
  Foreign.......................................................      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.1)      (0.2)      (0.1)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       2.6        2.4        2.6        2.8        2.8        2.9        2.6        2.6
Net interest paid...............................................       1.3        1.5        1.5        1.6        1.6        1.7        1.8        2.0
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       0.6        0.5        0.4        0.4        0.4        0.5        0.4        0.4
  Subsidies.....................................................      (0.5)      (0.3)      (0.3)      (0.2)      (0.3)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.3)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (0.1)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................        -*          *          *         -*         -*         -*          *   .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................      19.2       18.9       20.6       20.7       20.1       19.6       19.0       20.2
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................      -1.6       -0.8       -3.0       -3.3       -2.2       -1.6       -0.5       -1.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 291]]


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1981       1982       1983       1984       1985       1986       1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................       9.2        9.3        8.3        7.7        8.0        7.9        8.4        8.0
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................       2.2        1.6        1.6        2.0        1.8        1.8        2.1        2.1
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................       1.8        1.6        1.5        1.5        1.4        1.2        1.2        1.2
Social insurance receipts.......................................       6.0        6.3        6.3        6.4        6.6        6.6        6.7        6.9
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................      19.3       18.8       17.7       17.6       17.8       17.6       18.4       18.2
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................       7.6        8.0        8.3        7.7        8.0        8.1        8.0        7.6
  Defense.......................................................      (5.3)      (5.8)      (6.0)      (5.8)      (6.0)      (6.1)      (6.0)      (5.8)
  Nondefense....................................................      (2.3)      (2.2)      (2.3)      (1.9)      (2.0)      (2.0)      (1.9)      (1.8)
Transfer payments...............................................       8.1        8.6        9.0        8.1        8.0        8.0        7.9        7.6
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................      (7.9)      (8.4)      (8.8)      (7.9)      (7.8)      (7.7)      (7.6)      (7.4)
  Foreign.......................................................      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.3)      (0.3)      (0.2)      (0.2)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       2.4        2.1        2.1        1.9        1.9        2.0        1.8        1.8
Net interest paid...............................................       2.4        2.8        2.9        3.1        3.4        3.4        3.3        3.4
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       0.5        0.4        0.6        0.7        0.6        0.6        0.6        0.6
  Subsidies.....................................................      (0.3)      (0.4)      (0.5)      (0.6)      (0.5)      (0.5)      (0.6)      (0.5)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)        (*)        (*)        (*)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................        -*          *          *         -*          *   .........        -*          *
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................      20.9       22.0       22.9       21.6       22.0       22.0       21.6       21.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................      -1.7       -3.1       -5.2       -4.0       -4.2       -4.4       -3.2       -2.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     1989       1990       1991       1992       1993       1994       1995       1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................       8.3        8.1        7.9        7.6        7.6        7.8        8.0        8.5
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................       2.2        2.0        1.9        1.9        2.0        2.2        2.4        2.4
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................       1.1        1.1        1.3        1.3        1.3        1.4        1.3        1.2
Social insurance receipts.......................................       6.9        6.9        7.0        7.0        7.0        7.0        7.0        7.0
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................      18.5       18.1       18.0       17.8       17.9       18.4       18.7       19.1
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................       7.3        7.2        7.4        7.1        6.8        6.4        6.0        5.7
  Defense.......................................................      (5.5)      (5.3)      (5.4)      (5.1)      (4.7)      (4.4)      (4.1)      (3.8)
  Nondefense....................................................      (1.8)      (1.9)      (2.0)      (2.0)      (2.0)      (2.0)      (1.9)      (1.8)
Transfer payments...............................................       7.6        7.9        7.6        8.8        9.0        8.9        8.8        8.8
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................      (7.4)      (7.6)      (8.1)      (8.6)      (8.7)      (8.6)      (8.7)      (8.7)
  Foreign.......................................................      (0.2)      (0.3)     (-0.5)      (0.2)      (0.3)      (0.2)      (0.2)      (0.2)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       1.8        1.9        2.1        2.3        2.4        2.5        2.5        2.4
Net interest paid...............................................       3.5        3.6        3.7        3.7        3.5        3.4        3.6        3.5
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       0.6        0.6        0.4        0.5        0.6        0.5        0.5        0.4
  Subsidies.....................................................      (0.6)      (0.5)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.6)      (0.4)      (0.5)      (0.4)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................        (*)      (0.1)        (*)        (*)        (*)        (*)       (-*)        (*)
Wage disbursements less accruals................................  .........        -*          *   .........  .........  .........  .........  .........
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................      20.8       21.1       21.2       22.4       22.3       21.5       21.4       20.9
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................      -2.2       -3.0       -3.2       -4.7       -4.4       -3.2       -2.7       -1.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.


[[Page 292]]


    Table 14.2--FEDERAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT ACCOUNTS AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP FOR FEDERAL FISCAL YEARS: 1947-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                       2003       2004
                                                                     1997       1998       1999       2000       2001       2002     estimate   estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Receipts
Personal tax and nontax receipts................................       9.0        9.5        9.6       10.3       10.0        8.2        7.7        7.4
Corporate profits tax accruals..................................       2.4        2.4        2.3        2.3        1.9        1.6        1.5        1.7
Indirect business tax and nontax accruals.......................       1.2        1.1        1.1        1.1        1.1        1.1        1.0        1.0
Social insurance receipts.......................................       6.9        7.0        7.0        7.1        7.1        7.0        7.1        7.1
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total receipts................................................      19.5       20.0       20.0       20.8       20.1       17.9       17.3       17.3
                                                                 =======================================================================================
                          Expenditures
Consumption expenditures........................................       5.5        5.2        5.1        5.0        5.2        5.6        5.7        5.7
  Defense.......................................................      (3.7)      (3.5)      (3.4)      (3.3)      (3.4)      (3.6)      (3.7)      (3.7)
  Nondefense....................................................      (1.8)      (1.8)      (1.8)      (1.7)      (1.8)      (1.9)      (2.0)      (2.0)
Transfer payments...............................................       8.7        8.4        8.1        7.9        8.2        8.8        9.0        8.8
  Domestic (``to persons'').....................................      (8.6)      (8.3)      (8.0)      (7.8)      (8.1)      (8.7)      (8.8)      (8.7)
  Foreign.......................................................      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)      (0.1)
Grants to State and local governments...........................       2.3        2.4        2.5        2.5        2.7        2.9        3.1        3.1
Net interest paid...............................................       3.4        3.2        2.9        2.7        2.5        2.1        1.9        2.0
Subsidies less current surplus of government enterprises........       0.4        0.4        0.8        1.0        1.0        0.4        0.4        0.4
  Subsidies.....................................................      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.4)      (0.5)      (0.5)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
  Current surplus (-) or deficit................................       (-*)       (-*)       (-*)        (*)       (-*)      (N/A)      (N/A)      (N/A)
                                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total expenditures............................................      20.3       19.6       19.4       19.2       19.5       19.7       20.1       20.0
                                                                 =======================================================================================
  Surplus or deficit (-), NIPA basis............................      -0.8        0.4        0.6        1.6        0.6       -1.8       -2.7       -2.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 0.05 percent or less.



[[Page 293]]

 
                             Table 15.1--TOTAL GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS IN ABSOLUTE AMOUNTS AND AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1947-2002
                                                              (dollar amounts in billions)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  In Current Dollars                                         As Percentages of GDP
                                             ------------------------------------------------------------            -----------------------------------
                                                              Federal Government Receipts      State and                                       State and
                                                         ------------------------------------    Local     Addendum:                             Local
                 Fiscal Year                     Total                                        Government    Fiscal       Total      Federal   Government
                                              Government                                          Tax      Year GDP   Government  Government      Tax
                                               Receipts      Total     On-Budget  Off-Budget   Receipts                Receipts    Receipts    Receipts
                                                                                                 (NIPA                                           (NIPA
                                                                                                Basis)                                          Basis)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947........................................     50.3        38.5        37.1         1.5        11.8       234.6        21.5        16.4         5.0
1948........................................     55.2        41.6        39.9         1.6        13.7       256.4        21.5        16.2         5.3
1949........................................     54.6        39.4        37.7         1.7        15.2       271.5        20.1        14.5         5.6

1950........................................     55.9        39.4        37.3         2.1        16.5       273.4        20.5        14.4         6.0
1951........................................     70.0        51.6        48.5         3.1        18.4       321.0        21.8        16.1         5.7
1952........................................     86.0        66.2        62.6         3.6        19.9       348.8        24.7        19.0         5.7
1953........................................     91.2        69.6        65.5         4.1        21.6       373.4        24.4        18.6         5.8
1954........................................     92.6        69.7        65.1         4.6        22.9       378.0        24.5        18.4         6.1

1955........................................     89.9        65.5        60.4         5.1        24.5       395.2        22.8        16.6         6.2
1956........................................    101.8        74.6        68.2         6.4        27.2       427.7        23.8        17.4         6.4
1957........................................    109.7        80.0        73.2         6.8        29.7       450.7        24.3        17.7         6.6
1958........................................    111.0        79.6        71.6         8.0        31.3       461.1        24.1        17.3         6.8
1959........................................    113.1        79.2        71.0         8.3        33.9       492.1        23.0        16.1         6.9

1960........................................    129.2        92.5        81.9        10.6        36.7       518.9        24.9        17.8         7.1
1961........................................    134.1        94.4        82.3        12.1        39.7       531.8        25.2        17.7         7.5
1962........................................    142.7        99.7        87.4        12.3        43.1       568.5        25.1        17.5         7.6
1963........................................    152.6       106.6        92.4        14.2        46.0       599.7        25.4        17.8         7.7
1964........................................    162.4       112.6        96.2        16.4        49.8       641.3        25.3        17.6         7.8

1965........................................    170.3       116.8       100.1        16.7        53.5       687.9        24.8        17.0         7.8
1966........................................    190.0       130.8       111.7        19.1        59.2       754.2        25.2        17.3         7.8
1967........................................    212.2       148.8       124.4        24.4        63.4       813.5        26.1        18.3         7.8
1968........................................    225.2       153.0       128.1        24.9        72.3       868.4        25.9        17.6         8.3
1969........................................    267.8       186.9       157.9        29.0        80.9       949.2        28.2        19.7         8.5

1970........................................    284.3       192.8       159.3        33.5        91.5     1,013.2        28.1        19.0         9.0
1971........................................    285.9       187.1       151.3        35.8        98.8     1,081.4        26.4        17.3         9.1
1972........................................    321.4       207.3       167.4        39.9       114.1     1,181.5        27.2        17.5         9.7
1973........................................    356.7       230.8       184.7        46.1       125.9     1,308.1        27.3        17.6         9.6
1974........................................    399.9       263.2       209.3        53.9       136.6     1,442.1        27.7        18.3         9.5

1975........................................    426.9       279.1       216.6        62.5       147.9     1,559.8        27.4        17.9         9.5
1976........................................    461.8       298.1       231.7        66.4       163.8     1,736.7        26.6        17.2         9.4
TQ..........................................    121.3        81.2        63.2        18.0        40.1       454.8        26.7        17.9         8.8
1977........................................    543.0       355.6       278.7        76.8       187.4     1,971.3        27.5        18.0         9.5
1978........................................    606.6       399.6       314.2        85.4       207.1     2,218.6        27.3        18.0         9.3
1979........................................    681.9       463.3       365.3        98.0       218.6     2,503.8        27.2        18.5         8.7

1980........................................    755.9       517.1       403.9       113.2       238.8     2,732.1        27.7        18.9         8.7
1981........................................    863.6       599.3       469.1       130.2       264.3     3,061.6        28.2        19.6         8.6
1982........................................    904.6       617.8       474.3       143.5       286.8     3,228.6        28.0        19.1         8.9
1983........................................    911.7       600.6       453.2       147.3       311.1     3,440.5        26.5        17.5         9.0
1984........................................  1,018.9       666.5       500.4       166.1       352.4     3,839.4        26.5        17.4         9.2

1985........................................  1,112.9       734.1       547.9       186.2       378.9     4,136.6        26.9        17.7         9.2
1986........................................  1,178.8       769.2       569.0       200.2       409.5     4,401.4        26.8        17.5         9.3
1987........................................  1,300.6       854.4       641.0       213.4       446.3     4,647.0        28.0        18.4         9.6
1988........................................  1,380.8       909.3       667.8       241.5       471.5     5,014.7        27.5        18.1         9.4
1989........................................  1,508.7       991.2       727.5       263.7       517.5     5,405.5        27.9        18.3         9.6

1990........................................  1,572.4     1,032.0       750.3       281.7       540.4     5,735.6        27.4        18.0         9.4
1991........................................  1,628.1     1,055.0       761.2       293.9       573.1     5,930.4        27.5        17.8         9.7
1992........................................  1,699.2     1,091.3       788.9       302.4       607.9     6,218.6        27.3        17.5         9.8
1993........................................  1,808.6     1,154.4       842.5       311.9       654.2     6,558.4        27.6        17.6        10.0
1994........................................  1,945.7     1,258.6       923.6       335.0       687.1     6,944.6        28.0        18.1         9.9

1995........................................  2,077.4     1,351.8     1,000.8       351.1       725.6     7,324.0        28.4        18.5         9.9
1996........................................  2,215.8     1,453.1     1,085.6       367.5       762.7     7,694.6        28.8        18.9         9.9
1997........................................  2,379.4     1,579.3     1,187.3       392.0       800.1     8,185.2        29.1        19.3         9.8
1998........................................  2,573.9     1,721.8     1,306.0       415.8       852.1     8,663.9        29.7        19.9         9.8
1999........................................  2,723.5     1,827.5     1,383.0       444.5       896.0     9,137.7        29.8        20.0         9.8

2000........................................  2,981.2     2,025.2     1,544.6       480.6       956.0     9,718.8        30.7        20.8         9.8
2001........................................  2,966.3     1,991.2     1,483.7       507.5       975.1     10,021.5       29.6        19.9         9.7
2002........................................  2,847.0     1,853.2     1,337.9       515.3       993.8     10,336.6       27.5        17.9         9.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 294]]

 
                                                  Table 15.2--TOTAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES: 1947-2002
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              Federal Government Outlays                      State and
                                                                                       ---------------------------------------  Addendum:       Local
                                                                              Total                                              Federal     Government
                               Fiscal Year                                 Government                                             Grants    Expenditures
                                                                          Expenditures     Total      On-Budget    Off-Budget     (NIPA       From Own
                                                                                                                                  Basis)       Sources
                                                                                                                                            (NIPA Basis)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947....................................................................       44.8         34.5         34.2          0.3         (1.4)         10.3
1948....................................................................       42.3         29.8         29.4          0.4         (1.6)         12.5
1949....................................................................       52.6         38.8         38.4          0.4         (1.8)         13.8

1950....................................................................       57.9         42.6         42.0          0.5         (2.0)         15.4
1951....................................................................       61.8         45.5         44.2          1.3         (2.0)         16.3
1952....................................................................       85.0         67.7         66.0          1.7         (2.0)         17.3
1953....................................................................       94.4         76.1         73.8          2.3         (2.2)         18.3
1954....................................................................       90.3         70.9         67.9          2.9         (2.3)         19.5

1955....................................................................       90.0         68.4         64.5          4.0         (2.3)         21.5
1956....................................................................       93.7         70.6         65.7          5.0         (2.4)         23.1
1957....................................................................      101.9         76.6         70.6          6.0         (2.7)         25.3
1958....................................................................      110.6         82.4         74.9          7.5         (3.0)         28.2
1959....................................................................      122.5         92.1         83.1          9.0         (3.7)         30.4

1960....................................................................      124.7         92.2         81.3         10.9         (4.0)         32.5
1961....................................................................      133.3         97.7         86.0         11.7         (4.3)         35.5
1962....................................................................      145.2        106.8         93.3         13.5         (4.8)         38.4
1963....................................................................      151.9        111.3         96.4         15.0         (5.3)         40.6
1964....................................................................      162.3        118.5        102.8         15.7         (6.1)         43.7

1965....................................................................      165.5        118.2        101.7         16.5         (6.8)         47.3
1966....................................................................      186.0        134.5        114.8         19.7         (8.6)         51.4
1967....................................................................      214.3        157.5        137.0         20.4        (10.7)         56.9
1968....................................................................      242.4        178.1        155.8         22.3        (12.8)         64.3
1969....................................................................      257.6        183.6        158.4         25.2        (13.2)         74.0

1970....................................................................      278.3        195.6        168.0         27.6        (17.0)         82.7
1971....................................................................      304.4        210.2        177.3         32.8        (21.4)         94.3
1972....................................................................      333.5        230.7        193.8         36.9        (27.0)        102.8
1973....................................................................      354.9        245.7        200.1         45.6        (34.2)        109.2
1974....................................................................      393.3        269.4        217.3         52.1        (34.7)        123.9

1975....................................................................      475.4        332.3        271.9         60.4        (40.4)        143.1
1976....................................................................      531.9        371.8        302.2         69.6        (47.8)        160.1
TQ......................................................................      138.3         96.0         76.6         19.4        (12.6)         42.3
1977....................................................................      585.5        409.2        328.5         80.7        (55.1)        176.3
1978....................................................................      646.0        458.7        369.1         89.7        (63.5)        187.3
1979....................................................................      709.5        504.0        404.1        100.0        (65.9)        205.5

1980....................................................................      820.3        590.9        476.6        114.3        (70.9)        229.3
1981....................................................................      934.9        678.2        543.0        135.2        (73.8)        256.7
1982....................................................................    1,032.8        745.7        594.3        151.4        (68.9)        287.1
1983....................................................................    1,118.7        808.4        661.3        147.1        (71.1)        310.3
1984....................................................................    1,182.3        851.9        686.0        165.8        (74.7)        330.5

1985....................................................................    1,303.9        946.4        769.6        176.8        (79.8)        357.5
1986....................................................................    1,379.5        990.4        806.9        183.5        (87.5)        389.0
1987....................................................................    1,435.6      1,004.1        810.2        193.8        (84.5)        431.5
1988....................................................................    1,524.6      1,064.5        861.8        202.7        (89.2)        460.2
1989....................................................................    1,634.6      1,143.6        932.7        210.9        (96.4)        491.0

1990....................................................................    1,789.5      1,253.2      1,028.1        225.1       (107.7)        536.3
1991....................................................................    1,906.2      1,324.4      1,082.7        241.7       (125.4)        581.8
1992....................................................................    2,002.8      1,381.7      1,129.3        252.3       (145.5)        621.1
1993....................................................................    2,062.6      1,409.5      1,142.9        266.6       (157.7)        653.1
1994....................................................................    2,142.9      1,461.9      1,182.5        279.4       (172.8)        681.1

1995....................................................................    2,229.3      1,515.8      1,227.1        288.7       (184.3)        713.5
1996....................................................................    2,299.4      1,560.5      1,259.6        300.9       (188.4)        738.9
1997....................................................................    2,376.4      1,601.2      1,290.6        310.6       (191.9)        775.2
1998....................................................................    2,465.4      1,652.6      1,336.0        316.6       (207.2)        812.8
1999....................................................................    2,561.3      1,701.9      1,381.1        320.8       (225.4)        859.4

2000....................................................................    2,718.9      1,788.8      1,458.0        330.8       (244.0)        930.2
2001....................................................................    2,863.5      1,863.9      1,517.1        346.8       (268.8)        999.6
2002....................................................................    3,050.7      2,011.0      1,655.3        355.7       (299.1)      1,039.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 295]]

 
                                       Table 15.3--TOTAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1947-2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           Federal Government Outlays                         State and
                                                                                   ------------------------------------------                   Local
                                                                          Total                                                 Addendum:    Government
                             Fiscal Year                               Government                                                Federal    Expenditures
                                                                      Expenditures      Total       On-Budget    Off-Budget   Grants (NIPA    From Own
                                                                                                                                 Basis)        Sources
                                                                                                                                            (NIPA Basis)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947................................................................     19.1          14.7          14.6           0.1          (0.6)          4.4
1948................................................................     16.5          11.6          11.5           0.1          (0.6)          4.9
1949................................................................     19.4          14.3          14.1           0.2          (0.7)          5.1

1950................................................................     21.2          15.6          15.4           0.2          (0.7)          5.6
1951................................................................     19.2          14.2          13.8           0.4          (0.6)          5.1
1952................................................................     24.4          19.4          18.9           0.5          (0.6)          5.0
1953................................................................     25.3          20.4          19.8           0.6          (0.6)          4.9
1954................................................................     23.9          18.7          18.0           0.8          (0.6)          5.2

1955................................................................     22.8          17.3          16.3           1.0          (0.6)          5.4
1956................................................................     21.9          16.5          15.4           1.2          (0.6)          5.4
1957................................................................     22.6          17.0          15.7           1.3          (0.6)          5.6
1958................................................................     24.0          17.9          16.2           1.6          (0.7)          6.1
1959................................................................     24.9          18.7          16.9           1.8          (0.7)          6.2

1960................................................................     24.0          17.8          15.7           2.1          (0.8)          6.3
1961................................................................     25.1          18.4          16.2           2.2          (0.8)          6.7
1962................................................................     25.5          18.8          16.4           2.4          (0.8)          6.8
1963................................................................     25.3          18.6          16.1           2.5          (0.9)          6.8
1964................................................................     25.3          18.5          16.0           2.5          (1.0)          6.8

1965................................................................     24.1          17.2          14.8           2.4          (1.0)          6.9
1966................................................................     24.7          17.8          15.2           2.6          (1.1)          6.8
1967................................................................     26.3          19.4          16.8           2.5          (1.3)          7.0
1968................................................................     27.9          20.5          17.9           2.6          (1.5)          7.4
1969................................................................     27.1          19.3          16.7           2.7          (1.4)          7.8

1970................................................................     27.5          19.3          16.6           2.7          (1.7)          8.2
1971................................................................     28.2          19.4          16.4           3.0          (2.0)          8.7
1972................................................................     28.2          19.5          16.4           3.1          (2.3)          8.7
1973................................................................     27.1          18.8          15.3           3.5          (2.6)          8.4
1974................................................................     27.3          18.7          15.1           3.6          (2.4)          8.6

1975................................................................     30.5          21.3          17.4           3.9          (2.6)          9.2
1976................................................................     30.6          21.4          17.4           4.0          (2.8)          9.2
TQ..................................................................     30.4          21.1          16.8           4.3          (2.8)          9.3
1977................................................................     29.7          20.8          16.7           4.1          (2.8)          8.9
1978................................................................     29.1          20.7          16.6           4.0          (2.9)          8.4
1979................................................................     28.3          20.1          16.1           4.0          (2.6)          8.2

1980................................................................     30.0          21.6          17.4           4.2          (2.6)          8.4
1981................................................................     30.5          22.2          17.7           4.4          (2.4)          8.4
1982................................................................     32.0          23.1          18.4           4.7          (2.1)          8.9
1983................................................................     32.5          23.5          19.2           4.3          (2.1)          9.0
1984................................................................     30.8          22.2          17.9           4.3          (1.9)          8.6

1985................................................................     31.5          22.9          18.6           4.3          (1.9)          8.6
1986................................................................     31.3          22.5          18.3           4.2          (2.0)          8.8
1987................................................................     30.9          21.6          17.4           4.2          (1.8)          9.3
1988................................................................     30.4          21.2          17.2           4.0          (1.8)          9.2
1989................................................................     30.2          21.2          17.3           3.9          (1.8)          9.1

1990................................................................     31.2          21.8          17.9           3.9          (1.9)          9.4
1991................................................................     32.1          22.3          18.3           4.1          (2.1)          9.8
1992................................................................     32.2          22.2          18.2           4.1          (2.3)         10.0
1993................................................................     31.5          21.5          17.4           4.1          (2.4)         10.0
1994................................................................     30.9          21.1          17.0           4.0          (2.5)          9.8

1995................................................................     30.4          20.7          16.8           3.9          (2.5)          9.7
1996................................................................     29.9          20.3          16.4           3.9          (2.4)          9.6
1997................................................................     29.0          19.6          15.8           3.8          (2.3)          9.5
1998................................................................     28.5          19.1          15.4           3.7          (2.4)          9.4
1999................................................................     28.0          18.6          15.1           3.5          (2.5)          9.4

2000................................................................     28.0          18.4          15.0           3.4          (2.5)          9.6
2001................................................................     28.6          18.6          15.1           3.5          (2.7)         10.0
2002................................................................     29.5          19.5          16.0           3.4          (2.9)         10.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 296]]

 
                                  Table 15.4--TOTAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES BY MAJOR CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE: 1947-2002
                                                                (in billions of dollars)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                        Federal Payments For
                                                                                                             Individuals                      State and
                                                                                                     --------------------------               Local From
                        Fiscal Year                             Total      Defense and       Net         Social                    Other     Own Sources
                                                              Government  International    Interest     Security                  Federal    (Except Net
                                                                                                          and         Other                   Interest)
                                                                                                        Medicare
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947.......................................................      44.8          18.6           4.4          0.4          8.6          2.6         10.1
1948.......................................................      42.3          13.7           4.5          0.5          8.5          2.7         12.3
1949.......................................................      52.6          19.2           4.7          0.6          9.5          5.0         13.6

1950.......................................................      57.9          18.4           5.0          0.7         12.9          5.7         15.2
1951.......................................................      61.8          27.2           4.9          1.5          8.8          3.4         16.1
1952.......................................................      85.0          48.8           4.9          2.0          8.9          3.4         17.1
1953.......................................................      94.4          54.9           5.4          2.6          8.3          5.1         18.1
1954.......................................................      90.3          50.9           5.1          3.3          9.3          2.6         19.2

1955.......................................................      90.0          45.0           5.2          4.3         10.0          4.3         21.1
1956.......................................................      93.7          44.9           5.5          5.4          9.8          5.4         22.7
1957.......................................................     101.9          48.6           5.8          6.5         10.5          5.6         24.8
1958.......................................................     110.6          50.2           6.2          8.0         12.9          5.7         27.6
1959.......................................................     122.5          52.2           6.4          9.5         13.2         11.4         29.7

1960.......................................................     124.7          51.1           7.7         11.4         12.8         10.0         31.7
1961.......................................................     133.3          52.8           7.5         12.2         15.3         10.7         34.7
1962.......................................................     145.2          58.0           8.0         14.0         14.9         13.0         37.3
1963.......................................................     151.9          58.7           8.8         15.5         15.5         13.9         39.5
1964.......................................................     162.3          59.7           9.4         16.2         16.0         18.4         42.5

1965.......................................................     165.5          55.9           9.7         17.1         16.0         20.6         46.2
1966.......................................................     186.0          63.7          10.4         20.3         16.8         24.4         50.4
1967.......................................................     214.3          77.0          11.2         24.5         18.7         27.0         56.0
1968.......................................................     242.4          87.2          12.1         28.4         21.4         30.0         63.2
1969.......................................................     257.6          87.1          13.6         33.0         24.2         26.6         73.1

1970.......................................................     278.3          86.0          15.2         36.4         28.4         30.4         81.9
1971.......................................................     304.4          83.0          16.1         42.6         38.0         31.7         93.0
1972.......................................................     333.5          84.0          17.6         47.7         45.3         38.2        100.7
1973.......................................................     354.9          80.8          19.3         57.2         47.5         42.8        107.2
1974.......................................................     393.3          85.1          22.1         65.7         54.7         42.4        123.3

1975.......................................................     475.4          93.6          23.7         77.7         76.2         61.6        142.6
1976.......................................................     531.9          96.1          29.1         89.6         91.0         68.4        157.8
TQ.........................................................     138.3          24.7           7.8         24.0         21.5         18.8         41.4
1977.......................................................     585.5         103.6          33.2        104.5         92.5         78.7        173.1
1978.......................................................     646.0         112.0          37.0        116.7         95.0         99.5        185.8
1979.......................................................     709.5         123.8          41.2        130.8        103.1        103.8        206.9

1980.......................................................     820.3         146.7          47.9        151.0        127.5        113.2        234.0
1981.......................................................     934.9         170.6          61.7        179.1        146.1        113.6        263.8
1982.......................................................   1,032.8         197.6          77.4        203.1        155.3        104.8        294.7
1983.......................................................   1,118.7         221.8          84.3        224.0        172.9         99.9        315.8
1984.......................................................   1,182.3         243.3         105.0        237.0        164.9         95.6        336.6

1985.......................................................   1,303.9         268.9         121.6        256.1        172.0        119.9        365.4
1986.......................................................   1,379.5         287.5         129.7        270.7        181.3        114.8        395.3
1987.......................................................   1,435.6         293.6         135.2        285.0        187.1         99.7        434.9
1988.......................................................   1,524.6         300.8         148.5        302.5        199.1        110.2        463.5
1989.......................................................   1,634.6         313.1         163.0        324.4        212.9        124.1        497.0

1990.......................................................   1,789.5         313.1         177.6        353.8        231.9        170.1        543.0
1991.......................................................   1,906.2         289.1         191.0        380.7        271.3        188.7        585.2
1992.......................................................   2,002.8         314.5         201.0        414.3        315.5        138.0        619.4
1993.......................................................   2,062.6         308.3         204.0        444.8        340.3        117.4        647.9
1994.......................................................   2,142.9         298.7         208.1        476.2        348.6        135.4        675.9

1995.......................................................   2,229.3         288.5         233.4        510.1        367.4        117.7        712.2
1996.......................................................   2,299.4         279.2         241.7        538.1        374.7        127.5        738.2
1997.......................................................   2,376.4         285.7         243.6        569.4        384.4        117.7        775.5
1998.......................................................   2,465.4         281.6         241.0        586.2        395.5        148.3        812.9
1999.......................................................   2,561.3         290.1         229.6        595.2        406.4        180.5        859.6

2000.......................................................   2,718.9         311.7         220.5        621.0        433.3        199.8        932.6
2001.......................................................   2,863.5         322.0         203.7        666.1        462.2        207.5      1,002.0
2002.......................................................   3,050.7         370.9         169.0        704.6        539.8        224.8      1,041.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 297]]

 
                       Table 15.5--TOTAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES BY MAJOR CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1947-2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                     Federal Payments For
                                                                                                          Individuals                         State and
                                                           Total      Defense and                ----------------------------     Other      Local From
                     Fiscal Year                        Government   International  Net Interest     Social                      Federal     Own Sources
                                                                                                  Security and      Other                    (Except Net
                                                                                                    Medicare                                  Interest)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947.................................................     19.1            7.9           1.9           0.2           3.7           1.1           4.3
1948.................................................     16.5            5.3           1.8           0.2           3.3           1.1           4.8
1949.................................................     19.4            7.1           1.7           0.2           3.5           1.9           5.0

1950.................................................     21.2            6.7           1.8           0.3           4.7           2.1           5.6
1951.................................................     19.2            8.5           1.5           0.5           2.7           1.0           5.0
1952.................................................     24.4           14.0           1.4           0.6           2.5           1.0           4.9
1953.................................................     25.3           14.7           1.4           0.7           2.2           1.4           4.8
1954.................................................     23.9           13.5           1.3           0.9           2.5           0.7           5.1

1955.................................................     22.8           11.4           1.3           1.1           2.5           1.1           5.4
1956.................................................     21.9           10.5           1.3           1.3           2.3           1.3           5.3
1957.................................................     22.6           10.8           1.3           1.4           2.3           1.2           5.5
1958.................................................     24.0           10.9           1.3           1.7           2.8           1.2           6.0
1959.................................................     24.9           10.6           1.3           1.9           2.7           2.3           6.0

1960.................................................     24.0            9.9           1.5           2.2           2.5           1.9           6.1
1961.................................................     25.1            9.9           1.4           2.3           2.9           2.0           6.5
1962.................................................     25.5           10.2           1.4           2.5           2.6           2.3           6.6
1963.................................................     25.3            9.8           1.5           2.6           2.6           2.3           6.6
1964.................................................     25.3            9.3           1.5           2.5           2.5           2.9           6.6

1965.................................................     24.1            8.1           1.4           2.5           2.3           3.0           6.7
1966.................................................     24.7            8.4           1.4           2.7           2.2           3.2           6.7
1967.................................................     26.3            9.5           1.4           3.0           2.3           3.3           6.9
1968.................................................     27.9           10.0           1.4           3.3           2.5           3.5           7.3
1969.................................................     27.1            9.2           1.4           3.5           2.6           2.8           7.7

1970.................................................     27.5            8.5           1.5           3.6           2.8           3.0           8.1
1971.................................................     28.2            7.7           1.5           3.9           3.5           2.9           8.6
1972.................................................     28.2            7.1           1.5           4.0           3.8           3.2           8.5
1973.................................................     27.1            6.2           1.5           4.4           3.6           3.3           8.2
1974.................................................     27.3            5.9           1.5           4.6           3.8           2.9           8.5

1975.................................................     30.5            6.0           1.5           5.0           4.9           4.0           9.1
1976.................................................     30.6            5.5           1.7           5.2           5.2           3.9           9.1
TQ...................................................     30.4            5.4           1.7           5.3           4.7           4.1           9.1
1977.................................................     29.7            5.3           1.7           5.3           4.7           4.0           8.8
1978.................................................     29.1            5.0           1.7           5.3           4.3           4.5           8.4
1979.................................................     28.3            4.9           1.6           5.2           4.1           4.1           8.3

1980.................................................     30.0            5.4           1.8           5.5           4.7           4.1           8.6
1981.................................................     30.5            5.6           2.0           5.9           4.8           3.7           8.6
1982.................................................     32.0            6.1           2.4           6.3           4.8           3.2           9.1
1983.................................................     32.5            6.4           2.5           6.5           5.0           2.9           9.2
1984.................................................     30.8            6.3           2.7           6.2           4.3           2.5           8.8

1985.................................................     31.5            6.5           2.9           6.2           4.2           2.9           8.8
1986.................................................     31.3            6.5           2.9           6.2           4.1           2.6           9.0
1987.................................................     30.9            6.3           2.9           6.1           4.0           2.1           9.4
1988.................................................     30.4            6.0           3.0           6.0           4.0           2.2           9.2
1989.................................................     30.2            5.8           3.0           6.0           3.9           2.3           9.2

1990.................................................     31.2            5.5           3.1           6.2           4.0           3.0           9.5
1991.................................................     32.1            4.9           3.2           6.4           4.6           3.2           9.9
1992.................................................     32.2            5.1           3.2           6.7           5.1           2.2          10.0
1993.................................................     31.5            4.7           3.1           6.8           5.2           1.8           9.9
1994.................................................     30.9            4.3           3.0           6.9           5.0           1.9           9.7

1995.................................................     30.4            3.9           3.2           7.0           5.0           1.6           9.7
1996.................................................     29.9            3.6           3.1           7.0           4.9           1.7           9.6
1997.................................................     29.0            3.5           3.0           7.0           4.7           1.4           9.5
1998.................................................     28.5            3.2           2.8           6.8           4.6           1.7           9.4
1999.................................................     28.0            3.2           2.5           6.5           4.4           2.0           9.4

2000.................................................     28.0            3.2           2.3           6.4           4.5           2.1           9.6
2001.................................................     28.6            3.2           2.0           6.6           4.6           2.1          10.0
2002.................................................     29.5            3.6           1.6           6.8           5.2           2.2          10.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 298]]

 
                     Table 15.6--TOTAL GOVERNMENT SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS (-) IN ABSOLUTE AMOUNTS AND AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1947-2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        In Billions of Current Dollars                       As Percentages of GDP
                                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Federal Government           State and
                       Fiscal Year                           Total   ------------------------------------    Local       Total       Total     State and
                                                          Government                                         (NIPA    Government    Federal      Local
                                                                         Total     On-Budget  Off-Budget    Basis)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1947....................................................      5.5         4.0         2.9         1.2         1.5         2.4         1.7         0.6
1948....................................................     13.0        11.8        10.5         1.2         1.2         5.1         4.6         0.5
1949....................................................      1.9         0.6        -0.7         1.3         1.4         0.7         0.2         0.5

1950....................................................     -2.0        -3.1        -4.7         1.6         1.1        -0.7        -1.1         0.4
1951....................................................      8.2         6.1         4.3         1.8         2.1         2.6         1.9         0.7
1952....................................................      1.0        -1.5        -3.4         1.9         2.5         0.3        -0.4         0.7
1953....................................................     -3.2        -6.5        -8.3         1.8         3.3        -0.9        -1.7         0.9
1954....................................................      2.3        -1.2        -2.8         1.7         3.5         0.6        -0.3         0.9

1955....................................................       -*        -3.0        -4.1         1.1         3.0          -*        -0.8         0.7
1956....................................................      8.1         3.9         2.5         1.5         4.1         1.9         0.9         1.0
1957....................................................      7.8         3.4         2.6         0.8         4.4         1.7         0.8         1.0
1958....................................................      0.4        -2.8        -3.3         0.5         3.2         0.1        -0.6         0.7
1959....................................................     -9.4       -12.8       -12.1        -0.7         3.4        -1.9        -2.6         0.7

1960....................................................      4.5         0.3         0.5        -0.2         4.2         0.9         0.1         0.8
1961....................................................      0.9        -3.3        -3.8         0.4         4.2         0.2        -0.6         0.8
1962....................................................     -2.5        -7.1        -5.9        -1.3         4.7        -0.4        -1.3         0.8
1963....................................................      0.7        -4.8        -4.0        -0.8         5.4         0.1        -0.8         0.9
1964....................................................      0.2        -5.9        -6.5         0.6         6.1           *        -0.9         0.9

1965....................................................      4.8        -1.4        -1.6         0.2         6.2         0.7        -0.2         0.9
1966....................................................      4.1        -3.7        -3.1        -0.6         7.8         0.5        -0.5         1.0
1967....................................................     -2.1        -8.6       -12.6         4.0         6.5        -0.3        -1.1         0.8
1968....................................................    -17.2       -25.2       -27.7         2.6         8.0        -2.0        -2.9         0.9
1969....................................................     10.1         3.2        -0.5         3.7         6.9         1.1         0.3         0.7

1970....................................................      6.0        -2.8        -8.7         5.9         8.8         0.6        -0.3         0.9
1971....................................................    -18.5       -23.0       -26.1         3.0         4.5        -1.7        -2.1         0.4
1972....................................................    -12.1       -23.4       -26.4         3.1        11.2        -1.0        -2.0         1.0
1973....................................................      1.7       -14.9       -15.4         0.5        16.6         0.1        -1.1         1.3
1974....................................................      6.6        -6.1        -8.0         1.8        12.7         0.5        -0.4         0.9

1975....................................................    -48.5       -53.2       -55.3         2.0         4.8        -3.1        -3.4         0.3
1976....................................................    -70.1       -73.7       -70.5        -3.2         3.7        -4.0        -4.2         0.2
TQ......................................................    -17.0       -14.7       -13.3        -1.4        -2.2        -3.7        -3.2        -0.5
1977....................................................    -42.5       -53.7       -49.8        -3.9        11.1        -2.2        -2.7         0.6
1978....................................................    -39.4       -59.2       -54.9        -4.3        19.8        -1.8        -2.7         0.9
1979....................................................    -27.6       -40.7       -38.7        -2.0        13.1        -1.1        -1.6         0.5

1980....................................................    -64.3       -73.8       -72.7        -1.1         9.5        -2.4        -2.7         0.3
1981....................................................    -71.3       -79.0       -73.9        -5.0         7.6        -2.3        -2.6         0.2
1982....................................................   -128.2      -128.0      -120.0        -7.9        -0.3        -4.0        -4.0          -*
1983....................................................   -207.0      -207.8      -208.0         0.2         0.8        -6.0        -6.0           *
1984....................................................   -163.5      -185.4      -185.6         0.3        21.9        -4.3        -4.8         0.6

1985....................................................   -191.0      -212.3      -221.7         9.4        21.3        -4.6        -5.1         0.5
1986....................................................   -200.7      -221.2      -237.9        16.7        20.5        -4.6        -5.0         0.5
1987....................................................   -135.0      -149.7      -169.3        19.6        14.8        -2.9        -3.2         0.3
1988....................................................   -143.8      -155.2      -194.0        38.8        11.3        -2.9        -3.1         0.2
1989....................................................   -126.0      -152.5      -205.2        52.8        26.5        -2.3        -2.8         0.5

1990....................................................   -217.1      -221.2      -277.8        56.6         4.1        -3.8        -3.9         0.1
1991....................................................   -278.0      -269.3      -321.5        52.2        -8.7        -4.7        -4.5        -0.1
1992....................................................   -303.6      -290.4      -340.5        50.1       -13.2        -4.9        -4.7        -0.2
1993....................................................   -254.1      -255.1      -300.4        45.3         1.0        -3.9        -3.9           *
1994....................................................   -197.2      -203.2      -258.9        55.7         6.0        -2.8        -2.9         0.1

1995....................................................   -151.9      -164.0      -226.4        62.4        12.1        -2.1        -2.2         0.2
1996....................................................    -83.7      -107.5      -174.1        66.6        23.8        -1.1        -1.4         0.3
1997....................................................      3.0       -22.0      -103.3        81.4        24.9           *        -0.3         0.3
1998....................................................    108.5        69.2       -30.0        99.2        39.3         1.3         0.8         0.5
1999....................................................    162.1       125.6         1.9       123.7        36.6         1.8         1.4         0.4

2000....................................................    262.3       236.4        86.6       149.8        25.9         2.7         2.4         0.3
2001....................................................    102.8       127.3       -33.4       160.7       -24.5         1.0         1.3        -0.2
2002....................................................   -203.7      -157.8      -317.5       159.7       -45.9        -2.0        -1.5        -0.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* If dollars, $50 million or less. If percent, 0.05 percent or less.



[[Page 299]]

 
                                                   Table 16.1--OUTLAYS FOR HEALTH PROGRAMS: 1962-2008
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                           In Billions of Dollars                                     As Percentages of
                                        ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                        Federal Employees
                                                                                                         Health Benefits
              Fiscal Year                           Defense   Medicare   Medicare            Veterans        (FEHB)          Other      Total
                                           Total    Health   (Excluding  Premiums  Medicaid   Medical --------------------  Health    Outlays      GDP
                                                    Program   Premiums)                        Care      Gross
                                                                                                        Outlays   Income
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962...................................       2.3       N/A  ..........  ........       0.1       1.1       0.3      -0.3       1.1        2.1       0.4
1963...................................       2.6       N/A  ..........  ........       0.2       1.1       0.4      -0.4       1.3        2.3       0.4
1964...................................       3.0       N/A  ..........  ........       0.2       1.2       0.4      -0.4       1.6        2.5       0.5

1965...................................       3.1       N/A  ..........  ........       0.3       1.3       0.5      -0.5       1.5        2.6       0.4
1966...................................       3.9       N/A        0.1   ........       0.8       1.3       0.5      -0.5       1.8        2.9       0.5
1967...................................       7.5       N/A        3.4       -0.6       1.2       1.4       0.6      -0.6       2.2        4.8       0.9
1968...................................      10.5       N/A        5.3       -0.7       1.8       1.5       0.7      -0.7       2.6        5.9       1.2
1969...................................      12.4       N/A        6.6       -0.9       2.3       1.6       0.8      -0.8       2.9        6.8       1.3

1970...................................      13.9       N/A        7.1       -0.9       2.7       1.8       0.9      -0.9       3.2        7.1       1.4
1971...................................      15.5       N/A        7.9       -1.3       3.4       2.0       1.1      -1.1       3.5        7.4       1.4
1972...................................      18.6       N/A        8.8       -1.3       4.6       2.4       1.3      -1.3       4.1        8.1       1.6
1973...................................      20.1       N/A        9.5       -1.4       4.6       2.7       1.4      -1.4       4.7        8.2       1.5
1974...................................      23.3       N/A       11.3       -1.7       5.8       3.0       1.5      -1.5       5.0        8.7       1.6

1975...................................      29.4       N/A       14.8       -1.9       6.8       3.6       1.8      -1.8       6.1        8.9       1.9
1976...................................      35.6       N/A       17.8       -1.9       8.6       4.0       2.2      -2.3       7.2        9.6       2.1
TQ.....................................       9.2       N/A        4.8       -0.5       2.2       1.0       0.6      -0.6       1.7        9.6       2.0
1977...................................      41.3       N/A       21.5       -2.2       9.9       4.7       2.7      -2.7       7.5       10.1       2.1
1978...................................      46.5       N/A       25.2       -2.4      10.7       5.2       3.0      -3.1       7.9       10.1       2.1
1979...................................      52.6       N/A       29.1       -2.7      12.4       5.6       3.2      -3.3       8.2       10.4       2.1

1980...................................      65.4       3.7       35.0       -2.9      14.0       6.5       3.6      -3.6       9.2       11.1       2.4
1981...................................      77.8       4.8       42.5       -3.3      16.8       7.0       4.3      -4.3      10.0       11.5       2.5
1982...................................      87.3       5.8       50.4       -3.9      17.4       7.5       5.0      -5.0      10.1       11.7       2.7
1983...................................      95.9       6.4       56.8       -4.3      19.0       8.3       5.7      -5.9       9.9       11.9       2.8
1984...................................     103.6       6.8       62.5       -4.9      20.1       8.9       6.6      -6.7      10.4       12.2       2.7

1985...................................     117.1       8.2       71.4       -5.6      22.7       9.5       6.5      -6.8      11.2       12.4       2.8
1986...................................     124.8       8.9       75.9       -5.7      25.0       9.9       6.6      -6.8      11.2       12.6       2.8
1987...................................     135.4      10.1       81.6       -6.5      27.4      10.2       7.3      -7.1      12.3       13.5       2.9
1988...................................     145.1      10.9       87.7       -8.8      30.5      10.8       8.7      -9.0      14.4       13.6       2.9
1989...................................     156.3      11.6       96.6      -11.6      34.6      11.3       9.1     -11.0      15.7       13.7       2.9

1990...................................     180.4      12.4      109.7      -11.6      41.1      12.1      11.0     -12.2      17.8       14.4       3.1
1991...................................     202.7      14.2      116.7      -12.2      52.5      12.9      12.4     -13.4      19.6       15.3       3.4
1992...................................     237.0      14.4      132.3      -13.2      67.8      14.1      13.9     -14.3      22.1       17.2       3.8
1993...................................     259.9      15.2      145.9      -15.3      75.8      14.8      14.6     -15.5      24.5       18.4       4.0
1994...................................     282.6      15.1      162.5      -17.7      82.0      15.6      15.5     -16.2      25.7       19.3       4.1

1995...................................     307.1      15.4      180.1      -20.2      89.1      16.4      15.9     -16.2      26.7       20.3       4.2
1996...................................     325.6      15.4      194.3      -20.0      92.0      16.6      16.1     -15.7      26.9       20.9       4.2
1997...................................     346.4      15.5      210.4      -20.4      95.6      17.1      16.6     -15.9      27.6       21.6       4.2
1998...................................     357.3      15.6      213.6      -20.7     101.2      17.5      17.2     -16.7      29.7       21.6       4.1
1999...................................     365.8      16.2      212.0      -21.6     108.0      18.1      18.5     -18.0      32.6       21.5       4.0

2000...................................     388.9      17.8      219.0      -21.9     117.9      19.5      19.6     -19.7      36.8       21.7       4.0
2001...................................     429.5      19.0      241.1      -23.7     129.4      20.9      20.8     -21.5      43.6       23.0       4.3
2002...................................     473.1      23.5      256.8      -26.0     147.5      22.2      22.7     -23.6      49.9       23.5       4.6
2003 estimate..........................     516.9      25.8      272.9      -28.3     162.5      23.4      26.2     -26.8      61.2       24.2       4.8
2004 estimate..........................     558.7      27.2      289.9      -31.0     182.5      26.0      28.7     -29.5      64.8       25.1       4.9

2005 estimate..........................     598.3      28.9      308.7      -32.8     197.0      26.6      31.0     -31.8      70.8       25.5       5.0
2006 estimate..........................     653.9      31.0      339.4      -34.5     215.3      26.9      33.3     -34.2      76.8       26.5       5.2
2007 estimate..........................     699.4      33.0      363.7      -36.3     232.5      27.4      35.9     -36.8      80.1       27.1       5.3
2008 estimate..........................     746.8      34.8      388.2      -38.8     252.5      27.9      38.9     -39.8      83.1       27.6       5.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Totals for fiscal years prior to 1980 do not include defense health.



[[Page 300]]

 
                                            Table 17.1--TOTAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES: 1940-2002
                                           (end-of-fiscal-year count, excluding Postal Service, in thousands)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           Civilian Agencies
                                              ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Total                                           HHS,
      Fiscal Year       Executive  Department                          Education,
                          Branch   of Defense    Total    Agriculture    Social     Interior   Justice   Transportation   Treasury   Veterans    Other
                                                                        Security
                                                                       Admin. \1\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940..................        699         256        443          98            9         46         15  ..............         59         40        176
1941..................      1,081         556        525          91           10         50         21  ..............         66         43        244
1942..................      1,934       1,291        643          95           11         49         28  ..............         68         44        348
1943..................      2,935       2,200        735         109           11         43         31  ..............         82         53        406
1944..................      2,930       2,246        683          78           11         42         29  ..............         94         51        378

1945..................      3,370       2,635        736          82           11         45         26  ..............         97         65        409
1946..................      2,212       1,416        795          97           12         51         24  ..............        108        169        335
1947..................      1,637         859        777          88           12         53         24  ..............         95        217        288
1948..................      1,569         871        698          82           13         57         26  ..............         90        196        233
1949..................      1,573         880        694          87           12         59         26  ..............         90        195        226

1950..................      1,439         753        686          84           13         66         26  ..............         89        188        219
1951..................      1,974       1,235        738          81           16         65         32  ..............         92        183        269
1952..................      2,066       1,337        729          79           15         61         32  ..............         89        175        278
1953..................      2,026       1,332        694          78           35         59         30  ..............         85        178        226
1954..................      1,875       1,209        666          76           35         56         31  ..............         81        179        207

1955..................      1,860       1,187        673          86           40         54         31  ..............         79        178        206
1956..................      1,864       1,180        684          89           46         53         31  ..............         78        177        210
1957..................      1,869       1,161        708          96           53         55         31  ..............         78        174        222
1958..................      1,817       1,097        720         101           55         56         31  ..............         77        172        227
1959..................      1,805       1,078        727          97           59         55         30  ..............         76        171        238

1960..................      1,808       1,047        761          99           62         56         31  ..............         76        172        265
1961..................      1,825       1,042        782         103           70         59         31  ..............         80        175        265
1962..................      1,896       1,070        827         111           77         63         32  ..............         83        177        284
1963..................      1,911       1,050        861         116           81         73         32  ..............         87        173        300
1964..................      1,884       1,030        855         108           83         70         32  ..............         87        172        302

1965..................      1,901       1,034        867         113           87         71         33  ..............         89        167        307
1966..................      2,051       1,138        913         119          100         75         34  ..............         91        170        324
1967..................      2,251       1,303        949         122          106         77         34            58           89        173        289
1968..................      2,289       1,317        972         123          117         78         36            62           89        176        292
1969..................      2,301       1,342        960         125          113         75         36            64           89        175        283

1970..................      2,203       1,219        983         118          112         75         40            68           94        169        308
1971..................      2,144       1,154        989         120          115         72         45            72           99        180        288
1972..................      2,117       1,108      1,009         118          114         72         48            71          107        184        295
1973..................      2,083       1,053      1,030         113          128         74         50            71          105        198        289
1974..................      2,140       1,070      1,070         116          142         77         53            74          113        202        292

1975..................      2,149       1,042      1,107         121          147         80         54            75          119        213        297
1976..................      2,157       1,010      1,147         128          155         82         57            77          123        222        303
1977..................      2,182       1,009      1,173         132          159         87         56            76          124        224        313
1978..................      2,224       1,000      1,225         138          161         84         58            76          128        229        350
1979..................      2,161         960      1,201         128          161         78         58            74          122        226        355

1980..................      2,161         960      1,201         129          163         77         59            72          122        228        350
1981..................      2,143         984      1,159         129          162         76         58            59          119        232        323
1982..................      2,110         990      1,121         121          153         79         60            62          116        236        293
1983..................      2,157       1,026      1,131         124          152         80         62            63          123        239        288
1984..................      2,171       1,044      1,127         119          150         79         65            63          128        240        286

1985..................      2,252       1,107      1,145         122          147         80         68            62          129        247        289
1986..................      2,175       1,068      1,108         113          138         74         69            61          132        240        279
1987..................      2,232       1,090      1,142         117          132         74         74            62          146        250        287
1988..................      2,222       1,050      1,172         121          128         78         80            64          157        245        299
1989..................      2,238       1,075      1,162         122          127         78         83            66          149        246        292

1990..................      2,250       1,034      1,216         123          129         78         88            67          155        248        329
1991..................      2,243       1,013      1,230         126          135         82         95            70          162        256        305
1992..................      2,225         952      1,274         128          136         85        101            71          158        260        334
1993..................      2,157         891      1,266         124          135         85        102            69          152        268        331
1994..................      2,085         850      1,235         120          133         81        102            65          153        262        320

 

 

[[Page 301]]


1995..................      2,012         802      1,210         113          132         76        107            64          152        264        302
1996..................      1,934         768      1,166         110          130         71        113            63          143        251        286
1997..................      1,872         723      1,149         107          131         71        121            64          137        243        275
1998..................      1,856         693      1,163         106          130         72        126            65          137        240        287
1999..................      1,820         666      1,155         105          130         73        129            64          139        219        296

2000..................      1,778         651      1,127         104          126         74        130            64          140        220        270
2001..................      1,792         647      1,145         109          129         76        132            66          144        226        264
2002..................      1,818         645      1,173          98          130         77        131           103          147        223        263
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 1940-1953 data represent estimates for employment in these activities.



[[Page 302]]

 
                                                                Table 17.2--TOTAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES: 1940-2002
                                                  (end-of-fiscal-year count, excluding Postal Service, as a percent of total executive branch)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                Civilian Agencies
                                                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Total                                            HHS,
                      Fiscal Year                         Executive  Department                           Education,
                                                           Branch    of Defense     Total    Agriculture    Social     Interior     Justice   Transportation   Treasury    Veterans      Other
                                                                                                           Security
                                                                                                          Admin. \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1940...................................................       100.0        36.6        63.3         14.0         1.2         6.5         2.1  ..............         8.4         5.7        25.1
1941...................................................       100.0        51.4        48.5          8.3         0.9         4.5         1.9  ..............         6.0         4.0        22.6
1942...................................................       100.0        66.7        33.2          4.9         0.5         2.5         1.4  ..............         3.5         2.2        17.9
1943...................................................       100.0        74.9        25.0          3.7         0.3         1.4         1.0  ..............         2.7         1.8        13.8
1944...................................................       100.0        76.6        23.3          2.6         0.3         1.4         0.9  ..............         3.1         1.7        12.9

1945...................................................       100.0        78.1        21.8          2.4         0.3         1.3         0.7  ..............         2.8         1.9        12.1
1946...................................................       100.0        64.0        35.9          4.3         0.5         2.3         1.0  ..............         4.8         7.6        15.1
1947...................................................       100.0        52.4        47.5          5.3         0.7         3.2         1.4  ..............         5.8        13.2        17.6
1948...................................................       100.0        55.5        44.4          5.2         0.8         3.6         1.6  ..............         5.7        12.4        14.8
1949...................................................       100.0        55.9        44.0          5.4         0.7         3.7         1.6  ..............         5.6        12.3        14.3

1950...................................................       100.0        52.3        47.6          5.8         0.9         4.6         1.8  ..............         6.2        13.0        15.2
1951...................................................       100.0        62.6        37.3          4.1         0.8         3.2         1.6  ..............         4.6         9.2        13.6
1952...................................................       100.0        64.7        35.2          3.8         0.7         2.9         1.5  ..............         4.3         8.4        13.4
1953...................................................       100.0        65.7        34.2          3.8         1.7         2.9         1.5  ..............         4.2         8.8        11.1
1954...................................................       100.0        64.4        35.5          4.0         1.8         3.0         1.6  ..............         4.3         9.5        11.0

1955...................................................       100.0        63.7        36.2          4.5         2.1         2.9         1.6  ..............         4.2         9.5        11.0
1956...................................................       100.0        63.3        36.6          4.7         2.4         2.8         1.6  ..............         4.1         9.4        11.2
1957...................................................       100.0        62.1        37.8          5.1         2.8         2.9         1.6  ..............         4.1         9.3        11.8
1958...................................................       100.0        60.3        39.6          5.5         3.0         3.0         1.6  ..............         4.2         9.4        12.5
1959...................................................       100.0        59.7        40.2          5.3         3.2         3.0         1.6  ..............         4.2         9.4        13.1

1960...................................................       100.0        57.9        42.0          5.4         3.4         3.1         1.7  ..............         4.2         9.5        14.6
1961...................................................       100.0        57.1        42.8          5.6         3.8         3.2         1.7  ..............         4.3         9.5        14.5
1962...................................................       100.0        56.4        43.5          5.8         4.0         3.3         1.6  ..............         4.3         9.3        14.9
1963...................................................       100.0        54.9        45.0          6.0         4.2         3.7         1.6  ..............         4.5         9.0        15.6
1964...................................................       100.0        54.6        45.3          5.7         4.4         3.6         1.7  ..............         4.6         9.1        16.0

1965...................................................       100.0        54.3        45.6          5.9         4.5         3.7         1.7  ..............         4.6         8.7        16.1
1966...................................................       100.0        55.4        44.5          5.7         4.8         3.6         1.6  ..............         4.4         8.3        15.7
1967...................................................       100.0        57.8        42.1          5.4         4.6         3.4         1.5           2.5           3.9         7.7        12.8
1968...................................................       100.0        57.5        42.4          5.3         5.1         3.3         1.5           2.7           3.8         7.6        12.7
1969...................................................       100.0        58.3        41.6          5.4         4.8         3.2         1.5           2.7           3.8         7.6        12.3

1970...................................................       100.0        55.3        44.6          5.3         5.0         3.3         1.8           3.0           4.2         7.6        14.0
1971...................................................       100.0        53.8        46.1          5.6         5.3         3.3         2.0           3.3           4.6         8.3        13.4
1972...................................................       100.0        52.3        47.6          5.5         5.4         3.4         2.2           3.3           5.0         8.7        13.9
1973...................................................       100.0        50.5        49.4          5.4         6.1         3.5         2.4           3.4           5.0         9.5        13.8
1974...................................................       100.0        50.0        49.9          5.4         6.6         3.5         2.4           3.4           5.3         9.4        13.6

1975...................................................       100.0        48.4        51.5          5.6         6.8         3.7         2.5           3.4           5.5         9.9        13.8
1976...................................................       100.0        46.8        53.1          5.9         7.1         3.7         2.6           3.5           5.6        10.3        14.0
1977...................................................       100.0        46.2        53.7          6.0         7.3         4.0         2.5           3.4           5.6        10.2        14.3
1978...................................................       100.0        44.9        55.0          6.2         7.2         3.7         2.6           3.4           5.7        10.2        15.7
1979...................................................       100.0        44.4        55.5          5.9         7.4         3.5         2.6           3.4           5.6        10.4        16.4

1980...................................................       100.0        44.4        55.5          5.9         7.5         3.5         2.7           3.3           5.6        10.5        16.1
1981...................................................       100.0        45.9        54.0          6.0         7.5         3.5         2.7           2.7           5.5        10.8        15.0
1982...................................................       100.0        46.8        53.1          5.7         7.2         3.7         2.8           2.9           5.4        11.1        13.8
1983...................................................       100.0        47.5        52.4          5.7         7.0         3.6         2.8           2.9           5.7        11.0        13.3
1984...................................................       100.0        48.0        51.9          5.4         6.8         3.6         2.9           2.8           5.8        11.0        13.1

1985...................................................       100.0        49.1        50.8          5.4         6.5         3.5         2.9           2.7           5.7        10.9        12.8
1986...................................................       100.0        49.0        50.9          5.2         6.3         3.4         3.1           2.8           6.0        11.0        12.8
1987...................................................       100.0        48.8        51.1          5.2         5.9         3.3         3.3           2.7           6.5        11.2        12.8
1988...................................................       100.0        47.2        52.7          5.4         5.7         3.5         3.6           2.8           7.0        11.0        13.4
1989...................................................       100.0        48.0        51.9          5.4         5.6         3.4         3.7           2.9           6.6        10.9        13.0

1990...................................................       100.0        45.9        54.0          5.4         5.7         3.4         3.8           2.9           6.8        11.0        14.6
1991...................................................       100.0        45.1        54.8          5.6         5.9         3.6         4.2           3.1           7.2        11.4        13.6
1992...................................................       100.0        42.7        57.2          5.7         6.1         3.8         4.5           3.1           7.1        11.6        15.0
1993...................................................       100.0        41.2        58.7          5.7         6.2         3.9         4.7           3.2           7.0        12.4        15.3
1994...................................................       100.0        40.7        59.2          5.7         6.3         3.8         4.8           3.1           7.3        12.5        15.3

 

 

[[Page 303]]


1995...................................................       100.0        39.8        60.1          5.6         6.5         3.7         5.3           3.1           7.5        13.1        15.0
1996...................................................       100.0        39.7        60.2          5.6         6.6         3.6         5.8           3.2           7.3        12.9        14.7
1997...................................................       100.0        38.6        61.3          5.6         7.0         3.8         6.4           3.4           7.3        12.9        14.6
1998...................................................       100.0        37.3        62.6          5.6         6.9         3.9         6.8           3.4           7.4        12.9        15.4
1999...................................................       100.0        36.5        63.4          5.7         7.1         3.9         7.0           3.5           7.6        12.0        16.2

2000...................................................       100.0        36.6        63.3          5.8         7.1         4.1         7.3           3.5           7.8        12.3        15.1
2001...................................................       100.0        36.1        63.8          6.0         7.1         4.2         7.3           3.6           8.0        12.6        14.7
2002...................................................       100.0        35.4        64.5          5.4         7.1         4.2         7.2           5.6           8.0        12.2        14.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 1940-1953 data represent estimates for employment in these activities.



[[Page 304]]

 
                                                   Table 17.3--TOTAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH CIVILIAN FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE) EMPLOYEES: 1981-2004
                                                                            (excluding Postal Service, in thousands)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                              Civilian Agencies
                                                                           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Total                                           HHS,
                    Fiscal Year                      Executive  Department                          Education,
                                                       Branch   of Defense    Total    Agriculture    Social     Homeland   Interior   Justice   Transportation   Treasury   Veterans    Other
                                                                                                     Security    Security
                                                                                                      Admin.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                FTE Employment Subject to Administrative Ceilings \1\

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1981...............................................      2,109         947      1,162         117          155  .........         81         59            59          121        214        357
1982...............................................      2,074         978      1,096         112          147  .........         73         57            60          113        215        319
1983...............................................      2,074         983      1,091         110          147  .........         73         59            62          116        217        307
1984...............................................      2,083         999      1,083         109          142  .........         73         61            61          120        219        298
1985...............................................      2,112       1,029      1,084         107          137  .........         72         64            61          124        221        297
1986...............................................      2,113       1,041      1,071         103          133  .........         71         66            60          128        221        290
1987...............................................      2,105       1,032      1,073         103          127  .........         70         69            60          135        221        289
1988...............................................      2,109       1,007      1,102         107          123  .........         70         75            61          149        221        296
1989...............................................      2,129       1,023      1,106         110          122  .........         71         80            63          151        212        297
1990...............................................      2,174       1,006      1,168         111          122  .........         71         83            65          152        214        350
1991...............................................      2,112         969      1,143         110          126  .........         72         88            66          156        218        307
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                 Total FTE Employment

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1992...............................................      2,169         973      1,196         113          134  .........         75         95            70          159        229        321
1993...............................................      2,139         932      1,207         114          136  .........         78         99            69          157        234        319
1994...............................................      2,053         868      1,184         110          132  .........         76         99            66          154        233        314
1995...............................................      1,970         822      1,148         104          129  .........         72        102            63          154        228        297
1996...............................................      1,892         779      1,113         101          126  .........         67        107            62          147        222        280
1997...............................................      1,835         746      1,089          98          127  .........         66        114            62          142        212        267
1998...............................................      1,790         707      1,083          96          126  .........         67        121            63          139        207        264
1999...............................................      1,778         681      1,097          95          126  .........         67        125            64          140        206        274
2000...............................................      1,814         660      1,154          95          128  .........         67        127            63          140        203        332
2001...............................................      1,738         650      1,088          97          129  .........         69        128            63          141        207        254
2002...............................................      1,756         650      1,106          97          127         81         70         97            61          116        209        248
2003 estimate......................................      1,833         643      1,190          99          129        145         70        106            59          117        209        256
2004 estimate......................................      1,837         636      1,202          98          130        142         70        112            60          117        214        257
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ FTE levels between 1981-1991 excluded students in stay-in-school, Federal Junior Fellowship, Summer Aid, Cooperative Work Study and other programs.



[[Page 305]]

 
                                                   Table 17.4--TOTAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH CIVILIAN FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE) EMPLOYEES: 1981-2004
                                                               (excluding Postal Service, as a percent of total executive branch)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                          Civilian Agencies
                                                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Total                                            HHS,
                Fiscal Year                   Executive  Department                           Education,
                                               Branch    of Defense     Total    Agriculture    Social     Homeland    Interior     Justice   Transportation   Treasury    Veterans      Other
                                                                                               Security    Security
                                                                                                Admin.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                FTE Employment Subject to Administrative Ceilings \1\

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1981.......................................       100.0        44.8        55.1          5.5         7.3  ..........         3.8         2.7           2.7           5.7        10.1        16.9
1982.......................................       100.0        47.1        52.8          5.3         7.0  ..........         3.5         2.7           2.9           5.4        10.3        15.3
1983.......................................       100.0        47.4        52.5          5.2         7.0  ..........         3.5         2.8           2.9           5.5        10.4        14.8
1984.......................................       100.0        47.9        52.0          5.2         6.8  ..........         3.5         2.9           2.9           5.7        10.4        14.3
1985.......................................       100.0        48.7        51.2          5.0         6.5  ..........         3.4         3.0           2.8           5.8        10.4        14.0
1986.......................................       100.0        49.2        50.7          4.8         6.2  ..........         3.3         3.1           2.8           6.0        10.4        13.7
1987.......................................       100.0        49.0        50.9          4.8         6.0  ..........         3.3         3.2           2.8           6.4        10.4        13.7
1988.......................................       100.0        47.7        52.2          5.0         5.8  ..........         3.3         3.5           2.9           7.0        10.4        14.0
1989.......................................       100.0        48.0        51.9          5.1         5.7  ..........         3.3         3.7           2.9           7.0         9.9        13.9
1990.......................................       100.0        46.2        53.7          5.0         5.6  ..........         3.2         3.8           2.9           7.0         9.8        16.0
1991.......................................       100.0        45.8        54.1          5.2         5.9  ..........         3.4         4.1           3.1           7.4        10.3        14.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Total FTE Employment

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1992.......................................       100.0        44.8        55.1          5.2         6.1  ..........         3.4         4.4           3.2           7.3        10.5        14.7
1993.......................................       100.0        43.5        56.4          5.3         6.3  ..........         3.6         4.6           3.2           7.3        10.9        14.9
1994.......................................       100.0        42.2        57.7          5.3         6.4  ..........         3.7         4.8           3.2           7.4        11.3        15.3
1995.......................................       100.0        41.7        58.2          5.2         6.5  ..........         3.6         5.1           3.2           7.8        11.5        15.0
1996.......................................       100.0        41.1        58.8          5.3         6.6  ..........         3.5         5.6           3.3           7.7        11.7        14.8
1997.......................................       100.0        40.6        59.3          5.3         6.9  ..........         3.5         6.2           3.4           7.7        11.5        14.5
1998.......................................       100.0        39.5        60.4          5.3         7.0  ..........         3.7         6.7           3.5           7.7        11.5        14.7
1999.......................................       100.0        38.2        61.7          5.3         7.1  ..........         3.7         7.0           3.5           7.8        11.5        15.4
2000.......................................       100.0        36.3        63.6          5.2         7.0  ..........         3.7         6.9           3.4           7.7        11.1        18.2
2001.......................................       100.0        37.3        62.6          5.5         7.4  ..........         3.9         7.3           3.6           8.1        11.9        14.5
2002.......................................       100.0        37.0        62.9          5.5         7.2         4.6         4.0         5.5           3.4           6.6        11.8        14.0
2003 estimate..............................       100.0        35.0        64.9          5.4         7.0         7.9         3.8         5.7           3.2           6.3        11.4        13.9
2004 estimate..............................       100.0        34.6        65.3          5.3         7.0         7.7         3.8         6.0           3.2           6.3        11.6        14.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ FTE levels between 1981-1991 excluded students in stay-in-school, Federal Junior Fellowship, Summer Aid, Cooperative Work Study and other programs.



[[Page 306]]

 
                                               Table 17.5--GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION: 1962-2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Government employment                                            Population
                                   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        Federal \1\                                                   Federal
                                   ----------------------------------------------------                              Executive                  Federal
                                                              Legislative                State and        All         Branch        Total      Executive
               Year                  Executive    Uniformed       and         Total        local     governmental   civilian as     United      Branch
                                       branch      military     judicial     Federal    governments      units     a percent of     States     civilian
                                     civilians    personnel      branch     personnel   (thousands)   (thousands)       all      (thousands)  employment
                                    (thousands)  (thousands)   personnel   (thousands)                             governmental                per 1,000
                                                              (thousands)                                              units                  population
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1962..............................    2,485        2,840           30        5,354        6,549        11,903             20.9   186,538           13.3
1963  \2\.........................    2,498        2,732           30        5,260        6,868        12,128             20.6   189,242           13.2
1964  \2\.........................    2,470        2,719           31        5,220        7,248        12,468             19.8   191,889           12.9

1965..............................    2,496        2,687           32        5,215        7,696        12,911             19.3   194,303           12.8
1966..............................    2,726        3,129           33        5,888        8,221        14,109             19.3   196,560           13.9
1967..............................    2,968        3,413           34        6,416        8,673        15,089             19.7   198,712           14.9
1968..............................    3,020        3,584           35        6,639        9,102        15,741             19.2   200,706           15.0
1969  \3\.........................    3,040        3,499           36        6,575        9,437        16,012             19.0   202,677           15.0

1970  \4\.........................    2,944        3,104           38        6,085        9,822        15,907             18.5   205,052           14.4
1971  \4\.........................    2,883        2,752           40        5,675       10,184        15,859             18.2   207,661           13.9
1972..............................    2,823        2,360           42        5,225       10,649        15,874             17.8   209,896           13.4
1973..............................    2,781        2,289           44        5,113       11,069        16,182             17.2   211,909           13.1
1974..............................    2,847        2,198           46        5,091       11,446        16,537             17.2   213,854           13.3

1975..............................    2,848        2,164           49        5,061       11,937        16,998             16.8   215,973           13.2
1976..............................    2,833        2,119           50        5,002       12,138        17,140             16.5   218,035           13.0
1977..............................    2,840        2,112           53        5,005       12,400        17,405             16.3   220,239           12.9
1978..............................    2,875        2,099           55        5,028       12,920        17,948             16.0   222,585           12.9
1979..............................    2,823        2,063           53        4,939       13,174        18,113             15.6   225,055           12.5

1980  \4\.........................    2,821        2,090           55        4,965       13,375        18,340             15.4   227,726           12.4
1981  \4\.........................    2,806        2,122           54        4,982       13,259        18,241             15.4   229,966           12.2
1982..............................    2,770        2,147           55        4,972       13,098        18,070             15.3   232,188           11.9
1983..............................    2,820        2,163           56        5,039       13,096        18,135             15.6   234,307           12.0
1984..............................    2,854        2,178           56        5,088       13,216        18,304             15.6   236,348           12.1

1985..............................    3,008        2,190           58        5,256       13,519        18,775             16.0   238,466           12.6
1986..............................    2,966        2,206           55        5,228       13,794        19,022             15.6   240,651           12.3
1987..............................    3,030        2,213           58        5,301       14,067        19,368             15.6   242,804           12.5
1988..............................    3,054        2,176           59        5,289       14,415        19,704             15.5   245,021           12.5
1989..............................    3,064        2,168           60        5,292       14,791        20,083             15.3   247,342           12.4

1990  \4\.........................    3,067        2,106           61        5,234       15,219        20,453             15.0   249,623           12.3
1991  \4\.........................    3,048        2,040           64        5,152       15,436        20,588             14.8   252,981           12.0
1992..............................    3,017        1,848           66        4,931       15,675        20,606             14.6   256,514           11.8
1993..............................    2,947        1,744           66        4,758       15,926        20,684             14.2   259,919           11.3
1994..............................    2,908        1,648           63        4,620       16,258        20,878             13.9   263,126           11.1

1995..............................    2,858        1,555           62        4,475       16,484        20,959             13.6   266,278           10.7
1996..............................    2,786        1,507           61        4,354       16,662        21,016             13.3   269,394           10.3
1997..............................    2,725        1,439           62        4,226       16,858        21,084             12.9   272,647           10.0
1998..............................    2,727        1,407           62        4,196       17,137        21,333             12.8   275,854            9.9
1999..............................    2,687        1,386           63        4,135       17,548        21,683             12.4   279,040            9.6

2000  \4\.........................    2,639        1,426           63        4,129       17,925        22,054             12.0   282,224            9.4
2001  \4\.........................    2,640        1,428           64        4,132       18,317        22,449             11.8   285,318            9.3
2002..............................    2,630        1,456           66        4,152       18,642        22,794             11.5   288,369            9.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Covers total end-of-year civilian employment of full-time permanent, temporary, part-time, and intermittent employees. Executive branch includes the
  Postal Service, and, beginning in 1970, includes various disadvantaged youth and worker-trainee programs.
\2\ Excludes 7,411 project employees in 1963 and 406 project employees in 1964 for the public works acceleration program.
\3\ On Jan. 1, 1969, 42,000 civilian technicians of the Army and Air Force National Guard converted by law from State to Federal employment status. They
  are included in the Federal employment figures in this table starting with 1969.
\4\ Includes temporary employees for the decennial census.

