[Historical Tables]
[Section 3 - Federal Government Outlays by Function]
[Table 3.1 - Outlays by Superfunction and Function: 1940-2004]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004
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Superfunction and Function 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 1,660 6,435 25,658 66,699 79,143 82,965 42,681 12,808 9,105
Human resources.................... 4,139 4,158 3,599 2,659 1,928 1,859 5,493 9,909 9,868
Education, training, employment,
and social services............. 1,972 1,592 1,062 375 160 134 85 102 191
Health........................... 55 60 71 92 174 211 201 177 162
Income security.................. 1,514 1,855 1,828 1,739 1,503 1,137 2,384 2,820 2,499
Social security.................. 28 91 137 177 217 267 358 466 558
Veterans benefits and services... 570 560 501 276 -126 110 2,465 6,344 6,457
Physical resources................. 2,312 1,782 3,892 6,433 5,471 1,747 836 1,227 2,243
Energy........................... 88 91 156 116 65 25 41 18 292
Natural resources and environment 997 817 819 726 642 455 482 700 780
Commerce and housing credit...... 550 398 1,521 2,151 624 -2,630 -1,857 -923 306
Transportation................... 392 353 1,283 3,220 3,901 3,654 1,970 1,130 787
Community and regional
development..................... 285 123 113 219 238 243 200 302 78
Net interest....................... 899 943 1,052 1,529 2,219 3,112 4,111 4,204 4,341
(On-budget).................. (941) (999) (1,123) (1,616) (2,322) (3,236) (4,259) (4,367) (4,532)
(Off-budget)................. (-42) (-56) (-71) (-87) (-103) (-124) (-148) (-163) (-191)
Other functions.................... 775 882 1,830 2,457 3,864 4,418 3,580 7,900 5,851
International affairs............ 51 145 968 1,286 1,449 1,913 1,935 5,791 4,566
General science, space and
technology...................... ........... ........... 4 1 48 111 34 5 1
Agriculture...................... 369 339 344 343 1,275 1,635 610 814 69
Administration of justice........ 81 92 117 154 192 178 176 176 170
General government............... 274 306 397 673 900 581 825 1,114 1,045
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -317 -547 -894 -1,221 -1,320 -1,389 -1,468 -1,552 -1,643
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Total, Federal outlays............. 9,468 13,653 35,137 78,555 91,304 92,712 55,232 34,496 29,764
(On-budget).................. (9,482) (13,618) (35,071) (78,466) (91,190) (92,569) (55,022) (34,193) (29,396)
(Off-budget)................. (-14) (35) (66) (89) (114) (143) (210) (303) (368)
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As percentages of outlays
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National defense................... 17.5 47.1 73.0 84.9 86.7 89.5 77.3 37.1 30.6
Human resources.................... 43.7 30.5 10.2 3.4 2.1 2.0 9.9 28.7 33.2
Physical resources................. 24.4 13.1 11.1 8.2 6.0 1.9 1.5 3.6 7.5
Net interest....................... 9.5 6.9 3.0 1.9 2.4 3.4 7.4 12.2 14.6
Other functions.................... 8.2 6.5 5.2 3.1 4.2 4.8 6.5 22.9 19.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -3.4 -4.0 -2.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.5 -2.7 -4.5 -5.5
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Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (100.2) (99.7) (99.8) (99.9) (99.9) (99.8) (99.6) (99.1) (98.8)
(Off-budget)................. (-0.2) (0.3) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (0.4) (0.9) (1.2)
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As percentages of GDP
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National defense................... 1.7 5.6 17.8 37.1 37.9 37.5 19.1 5.5 3.5
Human resources.................... 4.3 3.7 2.5 1.5 0.9 0.8 2.5 4.2 3.8
Physical resources................. 2.4 1.6 2.7 3.6 2.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.9
Net interest....................... 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.7
Other functions.................... 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.8 2.0 1.6 3.4 2.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
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Total, Federal outlays............. 9.8 12.0 24.4 43.6 43.7 41.9 24.8 14.7 11.6
(On-budget).................. (9.8) (12.0) (24.3) (43.6) (43.6) (41.8) (24.7) (14.6) (11.5)
(Off-budget)................. (-*) (*) (*) (*) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1)
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* 0.05 percent or less.
[[Page 43]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 13,150 13,724 23,566 46,089 52,802 49,266 42,729 42,523 45,430
Human resources.................... 10,805 14,221 11,001 11,745 11,836 13,076 14,908 16,052 18,161
Education, training, employment,
and social services............. 178 241 235 339 441 370 445 591 590
Health........................... 197 268 323 347 336 307 291 359 479
Income security.................. 3,174 4,097 3,352 3,655 3,823 4,434 5,071 4,734 5,427
Social security.................. 657 781 1,565 2,063 2,717 3,352 4,427 5,478 6,661
Veterans benefits and services... 6,599 8,834 5,526 5,341 4,519 4,613 4,675 4,891 5,005
Physical resources................. 3,104 3,667 3,924 4,182 4,005 2,584 2,732 3,092 4,559
Energy........................... 341 327 383 474 425 432 325 174 240
Natural resources and environment 1,080 1,308 1,310 1,233 1,289 1,007 940 870 1,098
Commerce and housing credit...... 800 1,035 1,228 1,278 910 -184 92 506 1,424
Transportation................... 916 967 956 1,124 1,264 1,229 1,246 1,450 1,662
Community and regional
development..................... -33 30 47 73 117 100 129 92 135
Net interest....................... 4,523 4,812 4,665 4,701 5,156 4,811 4,850 5,079 5,354
(On-budget).................. (4,753) (5,069) (4,952) (5,035) (5,543) (5,250) (5,288) (5,567) (5,910)
(Off-budget)................. (-230) (-257) (-287) (-334) (-387) (-439) (-438) (-487) (-557)
Other functions.................... 9,032 7,955 4,690 4,346 5,873 4,515 6,718 7,482 7,220
International affairs............ 6,052 4,673 3,647 2,691 2,119 1,596 2,223 2,414 3,147
General science, space and
technology...................... 48 55 51 49 49 46 74 79 122
Agriculture...................... 1,924 2,049 -323 176 2,253 1,817 3,514 3,486 2,288
Administration of justice........ 184 193 218 267 243 257 256 302 303
General government............... 824 986 1,097 1,163 1,209 799 651 1,201 1,360
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -1,779 -1,817 -2,332 -3,377 -3,571 -3,397 -3,493 -3,589 -4,146
(On-budget).................. (-1,779) (-1,817) (-2,332) (-3,377) (-3,571) (-3,396) (-3,487) (-3,571) (-4,058)
(Off-budget)................. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... (-1) (-6) (-18) (-88)
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Total, Federal outlays............. 38,835 42,562 45,514 67,686 76,101 70,855 68,444 70,640 76,578
(On-budget).................. (38,408) (42,038) (44,237) (65,956) (73,771) (67,943) (64,461) (65,668) (70,562)
(Off-budget)................. (427) (524) (1,277) (1,730) (2,330) (2,912) (3,983) (4,972) (6,016)
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As percentages of outlays
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National defense................... 33.9 32.2 51.8 68.1 69.4 69.5 62.4 60.2 59.3
Human resources.................... 27.8 33.4 24.2 17.4 15.6 18.5 21.8 22.7 23.7
Physical resources................. 8.0 8.6 8.6 6.2 5.3 3.6 4.0 4.4 6.0
Net interest....................... 11.6 11.3 10.2 6.9 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.0
Other functions.................... 23.3 18.7 10.3 6.4 7.7 6.4 9.8 10.6 9.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -4.6 -4.3 -5.1 -5.0 -4.7 -4.8 -5.1 -5.1 -5.4
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Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (98.9) (98.8) (97.2) (97.4) (96.9) (95.9) (94.2) (93.0) (92.1)
(Off-budget)................. (1.1) (1.2) (2.8) (2.6) (3.1) (4.1) (5.8) (7.0) (7.9)
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As percentages of GDP
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National defense................... 4.8 5.0 7.3 13.2 14.2 13.0 10.8 9.9 10.1
Human resources.................... 4.0 5.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.8 4.0
Physical resources................. 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
Net interest....................... 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2
Other functions.................... 3.3 2.9 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9
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Total, Federal outlays............. 14.3 15.6 14.2 19.4 20.4 18.7 17.3 16.5 17.0
(On-budget).................. (14.1) (15.4) (13.8) (18.9) (19.8) (18.0) (16.3) (15.4) (15.7)
(Off-budget)................. (0.2) (0.2) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6) (0.8) (1.0) (1.2) (1.3)
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[[Page 44]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................................ 46,815 49,015 48,130 49,601 52,345 53,400 54,757 50,620
Human resources................................. 22,288 24,892 26,184 29,838 31,630 33,522 35,294 36,576
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 643 789 968 1,063 1,241 1,458 1,555 2,140
Health........................................ 541 685 795 913 1,198 1,451 1,788 1,791
Income security............................... 7,535 8,239 7,378 9,683 9,207 9,311 9,657 9,469
Social security............................... 8,219 9,737 11,602 12,474 14,365 15,788 16,620 17,460
Veterans benefits and services................ 5,350 5,443 5,441 5,705 5,619 5,514 5,675 5,716
Physical resources.............................. 5,188 7,813 7,991 7,754 8,831 8,013 9,528 11,264
Energy........................................ 348 382 464 510 604 530 572 699
Natural resources and environment............. 1,407 1,632 1,559 1,779 2,044 2,251 2,364 2,531
Commerce and housing credit................... 930 1,933 1,618 1,203 1,424 62 418 1,157
Transportation................................ 2,334 3,655 4,126 3,987 4,290 4,596 5,242 5,763
Community and regional development............ 169 211 224 275 469 574 933 1,114
Net interest.................................... 5,604 5,762 6,947 6,716 6,889 7,740 8,199 8,591
(On-budget)............................... (6,175) (6,338) (7,511) (7,307) (7,498) (8,322) (8,805) (9,239)
(Off-budget).............................. (-571) (-576) (-563) (-591) (-609) (-582) (-607) (-648)
Other functions................................. 6,896 9,229 7,760 8,621 12,401 14,437 16,458 17,086
International affairs......................... 3,364 3,144 2,988 3,184 5,639 5,308 4,945 5,273
General science, space and technology......... 141 294 599 1,042 1,723 3,051 4,897 5,823
Agriculture................................... 2,411 4,509 2,623 2,641 3,562 4,384 4,609 3,955
Administration of justice..................... 325 356 366 400 429 465 489 535
General government............................ 655 926 1,184 1,354 1,049 1,230 1,518 1,499
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -4,385 -4,613 -4,820 -4,807 -5,274 -5,797 -5,708 -5,908
(On-budget)............................... (-4,240) (-4,449) (-4,632) (-4,601) (-5,053) (-5,555) (-5,429) (-5,626)
(Off-budget).............................. (-145) (-164) (-188) (-206) (-221) (-242) (-279) (-282)
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 82,405 92,098 92,191 97,723 106,821 111,316 118,528 118,228
(On-budget)............................... (74,902) (83,102) (81,341) (86,046) (93,286) (96,352) (102,794) (101,699)
(Off-budget).............................. (7,503) (8,996) (10,850) (11,677) (13,535) (14,964) (15,734) (16,529)
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As percentages of outlays
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National defense................................ 56.8 53.2 52.2 50.8 49.0 48.0 46.2 42.8
Human resources................................. 27.0 27.0 28.4 30.5 29.6 30.1 29.8 30.9
Physical resources.............................. 6.3 8.5 8.7 7.9 8.3 7.2 8.0 9.5
Net interest.................................... 6.8 6.3 7.5 6.9 6.4 7.0 6.9 7.3
Other functions................................. 8.4 10.0 8.4 8.8 11.6 13.0 13.9 14.5
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -5.3 -5.0 -5.2 -4.9 -4.9 -5.2 -4.8 -5.0
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (90.9) (90.2) (88.2) (88.1) (87.3) (86.6) (86.7) (86.0)
(Off-budget).............................. (9.1) (9.8) (11.8) (11.9) (12.7) (13.4) (13.3) (14.0)
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As percentages of GDP
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National defense................................ 10.2 10.0 9.3 9.3 9.2 8.9 8.6 7.4
Human resources................................. 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.3
Physical resources.............................. 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6
Net interest.................................... 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3
Other functions................................. 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.5
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 17.9 18.7 17.8 18.4 18.8 18.6 18.5 17.2
(On-budget)............................... (16.3) (16.9) (15.7) (16.2) (16.4) (16.1) (16.1) (14.8)
(Off-budget).............................. (1.6) (1.8) (2.1) (2.2) (2.4) (2.5) (2.5) (2.4)
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[[Page 45]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................................ 58,111 71,417 81,926 82,497 81,692 78,872 79,174 76,681
Human resources................................. 43,257 51,272 59,375 66,410 75,349 91,901 107,211 119,522
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 4,363 6,453 7,634 7,548 8,634 9,849 12,529 12,745
Health........................................ 2,543 3,351 4,390 5,162 5,907 6,843 8,674 9,356
Medicare...................................... 64 2,748 4,649 5,695 6,213 6,622 7,479 8,052
Income security............................... 9,678 10,261 11,816 13,076 15,655 22,946 27,650 28,276
Social security............................... 20,694 21,725 23,854 27,298 30,270 35,872 40,157 49,090
(On-budget)............................... ........... (94) (94) (414) (458) (465) (538) (526)
(Off-budget).............................. (20,694) (21,631) (23,760) (26,885) (29,812) (35,408) (39,620) (48,565)
Veterans benefits and services................ 5,916 6,735 7,032 7,631 8,669 9,768 10,720 12,003
Physical resources.............................. 13,410 14,674 16,002 11,869 15,574 18,286 19,574 20,614
Energy........................................ 612 782 1,037 1,010 997 1,035 1,296 1,237
Natural resources and environment............. 2,719 2,869 2,988 2,900 3,065 3,915 4,241 4,775
Commerce and housing credit................... 3,245 3,979 4,280 -119 2,112 2,366 2,222 931
Transportation................................ 5,730 5,936 6,316 6,526 7,008 8,052 8,392 9,066
Community and regional development............ 1,105 1,108 1,382 1,552 2,392 2,917 3,423 4,605
Net interest.................................... 9,386 10,268 11,090 12,699 14,380 14,841 15,478 17,349
(On-budget)............................... (10,028) (11,060) (12,069) (13,848) (15,948) (16,783) (17,584) (19,629)
(Off-budget).............................. (-642) (-792) (-979) (-1,149) (-1,568) (-1,942) (-2,106) (-2,280)
Other functions................................. 16,911 17,126 17,786 18,151 17,286 16,379 18,828 24,950
International affairs......................... 5,580 5,566 5,301 4,600 4,330 4,159 4,781 4,149
General science, space and technology......... 6,717 6,233 5,524 5,020 4,511 4,182 4,175 4,032
Agriculture................................... 2,447 2,990 4,545 5,826 5,166 4,290 5,259 4,854
Administration of justice..................... 563 618 659 766 959 1,306 1,653 2,141
General government............................ 1,603 1,719 1,757 1,939 2,320 2,442 2,960 9,774
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -6,542 -7,294 -8,045 -7,986 -8,632 -10,107 -9,583 -13,409
(On-budget)............................... (-6,205) (-6,879) (-7,600) (-7,454) (-7,995) (-9,467) (-8,926) (-12,714)
(Off-budget).............................. (-337) (-415) (-445) (-532) (-637) (-640) (-657) (-695)
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 134,532 157,464 178,134 183,640 195,649 210,172 230,681 245,707
(On-budget)............................... (114,817) (137,040) (155,798) (158,436) (168,042) (177,346) (193,824) (200,118)
(Off-budget).............................. (19,715) (20,424) (22,336) (25,204) (27,607) (32,826) (36,857) (45,589)
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As percentages of outlays
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National defense................................ 43.2 45.4 46.0 44.9 41.8 37.5 34.3 31.2
Human resources................................. 32.2 32.6 33.3 36.2 38.5 43.7 46.5 48.6
Physical resources.............................. 10.0 9.3 9.0 6.5 8.0 8.7 8.5 8.4
Net interest.................................... 7.0 6.5 6.2 6.9 7.4 7.1 6.7 7.1
Other functions................................. 12.6 10.9 10.0 9.9 8.8 7.8 8.2 10.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -4.9 -4.6 -4.5 -4.3 -4.4 -4.8 -4.2 -5.5
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (85.3) (87.0) (87.5) (86.3) (85.9) (84.4) (84.0) (81.4)
(Off-budget).............................. (14.7) (13.0) (12.5) (13.7) (14.1) (15.6) (16.0) (18.6)
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As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 7.7 8.8 9.4 8.7 8.1 7.3 6.7 5.9
Human resources................................. 5.7 6.3 6.8 7.0 7.5 8.5 9.1 9.1
Physical resources.............................. 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6
Net interest.................................... 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3
Other functions................................. 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.9
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 17.9 19.4 20.5 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.6 18.8
(On-budget)............................... (15.3) (16.9) (17.9) (16.7) (16.7) (16.5) (16.5) (15.3)
(Off-budget).............................. (2.6) (2.5) (2.6) (2.7) (2.7) (3.0) (3.1) (3.5)
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[[Page 46]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1974 1975 1976 TQ 1977 1978 1979 1980
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................................ 79,347 86,509 89,619 22,269 97,241 104,495 116,342 133,995
Human resources................................. 135,783 173,245 203,594 52,065 221,895 242,329 267,574 313,374
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 12,457 16,022 18,910 5,169 21,104 26,710 30,223 31,843
Health........................................ 10,733 12,930 15,734 3,924 17,302 18,524 20,494 23,169
Medicare...................................... 9,639 12,875 15,834 4,264 19,345 22,768 26,495 32,090
Income security............................... 33,713 50,176 60,799 14,985 61,060 61,505 66,376 86,557
Social security............................... 55,867 64,658 73,899 19,763 85,061 93,861 104,073 118,547
(On-budget)............................... (494) (499) (515) ........... (717) (741) (757) (675)
(Off-budget).............................. (55,373) (64,159) (73,384) (19,763) (84,344) (93,120) (103,316) (117,872)
Veterans benefits and services................ 13,374 16,584 18,419 3,960 18,022 18,961 19,914 21,169
Physical resources.............................. 25,106 35,449 39,188 9,512 40,746 52,591 54,559 65,985
Energy........................................ 1,303 2,916 4,204 1,129 5,770 7,992 9,180 10,156
Natural resources and environment............. 5,697 7,346 8,184 2,524 10,032 10,983 12,135 13,858
Commerce and housing credit................... 4,705 9,947 7,619 931 3,093 6,254 4,686 9,390
Transportation................................ 9,172 10,918 13,739 3,358 14,829 15,521 18,079 21,329
Community and regional development............ 4,229 4,322 5,442 1,569 7,021 11,841 10,480 11,252
Net interest.................................... 21,449 23,244 26,727 6,949 29,901 35,458 42,636 52,538
(On-budget)............................... (23,969) (26,047) (29,539) (7,042) (32,551) (37,861) (44,860) (54,877)
(Off-budget).............................. (-2,520) (-2,803) (-2,812) (-93) (-2,650) (-2,403) (-2,224) (-2,339)
Other functions................................. 24,423 27,487 27,050 9,388 34,315 39,594 40,396 44,996
International affairs......................... 5,710 7,097 6,433 2,458 6,353 7,482 7,459 12,714
General science, space and technology......... 3,980 3,991 4,373 1,162 4,736 4,926 5,235 5,832
Agriculture................................... 2,230 3,036 3,170 983 6,787 11,357 11,236 8,839
Administration of justice..................... 2,470 2,955 3,328 891 3,605 3,813 4,173 4,584
General government............................ 10,032 10,408 9,747 3,895 12,833 12,015 12,293 13,028
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -16,749 -13,602 -14,386 -4,206 -14,879 -15,720 -17,476 -19,942
(On-budget)............................... (-15,985) (-12,686) (-13,423) (-3,957) (-13,902) (-14,660) (-16,362) (-18,738)
(Off-budget).............................. (-764) (-916) (-963) (-249) (-977) (-1,060) (-1,114) (-1,204)
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Total, Federal outlays.......................... 269,359 332,332 371,792 95,975 409,218 458,746 504,032 590,947
(On-budget)............................... (217,270) (271,892) (302,183) (76,555) (328,502) (369,089) (404,054) (476,618)
(Off-budget).............................. (52,089) (60,440) (69,609) (19,421) (80,716) (89,657) (99,978) (114,329)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 29.5 26.0 24.1 23.2 23.8 22.8 23.1 22.7
Human resources................................. 50.4 52.1 54.8 54.2 54.2 52.8 53.1 53.0
Physical resources.............................. 9.3 10.7 10.5 9.9 10.0 11.5 10.8 11.2
Net interest.................................... 8.0 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.7 8.5 8.9
Other functions................................. 9.1 8.3 7.3 9.8 8.4 8.6 8.0 7.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -6.2 -4.1 -3.9 -4.4 -3.6 -3.4 -3.5 -3.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (80.7) (81.8) (81.3) (79.8) (80.3) (80.5) (80.2) (80.7)
(Off-budget).............................. (19.3) (18.2) (18.7) (20.2) (19.7) (19.5) (19.8) (19.3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 5.5 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.9
Human resources................................. 9.4 11.1 11.8 11.4 11.3 11.0 10.7 11.5
Physical resources.............................. 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.4
Net interest.................................... 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9
Other functions................................. 1.7 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 18.7 21.4 21.5 21.1 20.8 20.7 20.2 21.7
(On-budget)............................... (15.1) (17.5) (17.5) (16.8) (16.7) (16.7) (16.2) (17.5)
(Off-budget).............................. (3.6) (3.9) (4.0) (4.3) (4.1) (4.1) (4.0) (4.2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 47]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Superfunction and Function 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 157,513 185,309 209,903 227,413 252,748 273,375 281,999 290,361
Human resources................................. 362,022 388,681 426,003 432,042 471,822 481,594 502,200 533,402
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 33,709 27,029 26,606 27,579 29,342 30,585 29,724 31,938
Health........................................ 26,866 27,445 28,641 30,417 33,542 35,936 39,967 44,487
Medicare...................................... 39,149 46,567 52,588 57,540 65,822 70,164 75,120 78,878
Income security............................... 99,742 107,737 122,621 112,694 128,230 119,824 123,286 129,373
Social security............................... 139,584 155,964 170,724 178,223 188,623 198,757 207,353 219,341
(On-budget)............................... (670) (844) (19,993) (7,056) (5,189) (8,072) (4,930) (4,852)
(Off-budget).............................. (138,914) (155,120) (150,731) (171,167) (183,434) (190,684) (202,422) (214,489)
Veterans benefits and services................ 22,973 23,938 24,824 25,588 26,262 26,327 26,750 29,386
Physical resources.............................. 70,886 61,752 57,600 57,967 56,821 58,738 55,142 68,632
Energy........................................ 15,166 13,527 9,353 7,073 5,609 4,690 4,072 2,297
Natural resources and environment............. 13,568 12,998 12,672 12,593 13,357 13,639 13,363 14,606
Commerce and housing credit................... 8,206 6,256 6,681 6,959 4,337 5,059 6,435 19,164
Transportation................................ 23,379 20,625 21,334 23,669 25,838 28,117 26,222 27,272
Community and regional development............ 10,568 8,347 7,560 7,673 7,680 7,233 5,051 5,294
Net interest.................................... 68,774 85,044 89,828 111,123 129,504 136,047 138,652 151,838
(On-budget)............................... (71,062) (87,114) (91,673) (114,432) (133,622) (140,377) (143,942) (159,253)
(Off-budget).............................. (-2,288) (-2,071) (-1,845) (-3,310) (-4,118) (-4,329) (-5,290) (-7,416)
Other functions................................. 47,095 51,069 59,023 55,287 68,227 73,713 62,584 57,224
International affairs......................... 13,104 12,300 11,848 15,876 16,176 14,152 11,649 10,471
General science, space and technology......... 6,469 7,200 7,935 8,317 8,627 8,976 9,216 10,841
Agriculture................................... 11,323 15,944 22,901 13,613 25,565 31,449 26,606 17,210
Administration of justice..................... 4,769 4,712 5,105 5,663 6,270 6,572 7,553 9,236
General government............................ 11,429 10,914 11,235 11,817 11,588 12,564 7,560 9,465
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -28,041 -26,099 -33,976 -31,957 -32,698 -33,007 -36,455 -36,967
(On-budget)............................... (-26,611) (-24,453) (-32,198) (-29,913) (-30,189) (-30,150) (-33,155) (-32,585)
(Off-budget).............................. (-1,430) (-1,646) (-1,778) (-2,044) (-2,509) (-2,857) (-3,300) (-4,382)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 678,249 745,755 808,380 851,874 946,423 990,460 1,004,122 1,064,489
(On-budget)............................... (543,053) (594,351) (661,272) (686,061) (769,615) (806,962) (810,290) (861,798)
(Off-budget).............................. (135,196) (151,404) (147,108) (165,813) (176,807) (183,498) (193,832) (202,691)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 23.2 24.8 26.0 26.7 26.7 27.6 28.1 27.3
Human resources................................. 53.4 52.1 52.7 50.7 49.9 48.6 50.0 50.1
Physical resources.............................. 10.5 8.3 7.1 6.8 6.0 5.9 5.5 6.4
Net interest.................................... 10.1 11.4 11.1 13.0 13.7 13.7 13.8 14.3
Other functions................................. 6.9 6.8 7.3 6.5 7.2 7.4 6.2 5.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -4.1 -3.5 -4.2 -3.8 -3.5 -3.3 -3.6 -3.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (80.1) (79.7) (81.8) (80.5) (81.3) (81.5) (80.7) (81.0)
(Off-budget).............................. (19.9) (20.3) (18.2) (19.5) (18.7) (18.5) (19.3) (19.0)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 5.2 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.9
Human resources................................. 11.9 12.1 12.4 11.3 11.5 11.0 10.9 10.8
Physical resources.............................. 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4
Net interest.................................... 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.1
Other functions................................. 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 22.2 23.2 23.6 22.3 23.1 22.6 21.8 21.5
(On-budget)............................... (17.8) (18.5) (19.3) (18.0) (18.8) (18.4) (17.6) (17.4)
(Off-budget).............................. (4.4) (4.7) (4.3) (4.3) (4.3) (4.2) (4.2) (4.1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 48]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Superfunction and Function 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 303,559 299,331 273,292 298,350 291,086 281,642 272,066 265,753
Human resources................................. 568,684 619,329 689,667 772,440 827,533 869,410 923,765 958,232
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 36,674 38,755 43,354 45,248 50,012 46,307 54,263 52,001
Health........................................ 48,390 57,716 71,183 89,497 99,415 107,122 115,418 119,378
Medicare...................................... 84,964 98,102 104,489 119,024 130,552 144,747 159,855 174,225
Income security............................... 136,082 147,076 170,321 197,022 207,297 214,085 220,493 225,967
Social security............................... 232,542 248,623 269,015 287,585 304,585 319,565 335,846 349,676
(On-budget)............................... (5,069) (3,625) (2,619) (6,166) (6,236) (5,683) (5,476) (5,807)
(Off-budget).............................. (227,473) (244,998) (266,395) (281,418) (298,349) (313,881) (330,370) (343,869)
Veterans benefits and services................ 30,031 29,058 31,305 34,064 35,671 37,584 37,890 36,985
Physical resources.............................. 81,568 126,004 135,176 75,613 46,762 70,575 59,197 64,231
Energy........................................ 2,706 3,341 2,436 4,500 4,319 5,219 4,936 2,839
Natural resources and environment............. 16,182 17,080 18,559 20,025 20,239 21,064 22,078 21,614
Commerce and housing credit................... 29,710 67,600 76,271 10,919 -21,853 -4,228 -17,808 -10,472
(On-budget)............................... (30,019) (65,974) (74,953) (10,260) (-23,294) (-5,331) (-15,839) (-10,292)
(Off-budget).............................. (-310) (1,626) (1,317) (659) (1,441) (1,103) (-1,969) (-180)
Transportation................................ 27,608 29,485 31,099 33,332 35,004 38,066 39,350 39,565
Community and regional development............ 5,362 8,498 6,811 6,838 9,052 10,454 10,641 10,685
Net interest.................................... 169,266 184,221 194,541 199,421 198,811 202,957 232,169 241,090
(On-budget)............................... (180,661) (200,212) (214,763) (223,059) (225,599) (232,160) (265,474) (277,597)
(Off-budget).............................. (-11,395) (-15,991) (-20,222) (-23,637) (-26,788) (-29,203) (-33,305) (-36,507)
Other functions................................. 57,806 60,893 71,080 75,137 82,608 74,918 72,987 68,826
International affairs......................... 9,573 13,764 15,851 16,107 17,248 17,083 16,434 13,496
General science, space and technology......... 12,838 14,444 16,111 16,409 17,030 16,227 16,724 16,709
Agriculture................................... 16,919 11,958 15,183 15,205 20,363 15,046 9,778 9,159
Administration of justice..................... 9,474 9,993 12,276 14,426 14,955 15,256 16,216 17,548
General government............................ 9,001 10,734 11,660 12,990 13,011 11,307 13,835 11,914
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -37,212 -36,615 -39,356 -39,280 -37,386 -37,772 -44,455 -37,620
(On-budget)............................... (-32,354) (-31,048) (-33,553) (-33,179) (-30,970) (-31,362) (-38,023) (-31,342)
(Off-budget).............................. (-4,858) (-5,567) (-5,804) (-6,101) (-6,416) (-6,409) (-6,432) (-6,278)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 1,143,671 1,253,163 1,324,400 1,381,681 1,409,414 1,461,731 1,515,729 1,560,512
(On-budget)............................... (932,760) (1,028,098) (1,082,713) (1,129,343) (1,142,827) (1,182,359) (1,227,065) (1,259,608)
(Off-budget).............................. (210,911) (225,065) (241,687) (252,339) (266,587) (279,372) (288,664) (300,904)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 26.5 23.9 20.6 21.6 20.7 19.3 17.9 17.0
Human resources................................. 49.7 49.4 52.1 55.9 58.7 59.5 60.9 61.4
Physical resources.............................. 7.1 10.1 10.2 5.5 3.3 4.8 3.9 4.1
Net interest.................................... 14.8 14.7 14.7 14.4 14.1 13.9 15.3 15.4
Other functions................................. 5.1 4.9 5.4 5.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 4.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -3.3 -2.9 -3.0 -2.8 -2.7 -2.6 -2.9 -2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (81.6) (82.0) (81.8) (81.7) (81.1) (80.9) (81.0) (80.7)
(Off-budget).............................. (18.4) (18.0) (18.2) (18.3) (18.9) (19.1) (19.0) (19.3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 5.7 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.1 3.8 3.5
Human resources................................. 10.6 10.9 11.8 12.6 12.8 12.7 12.8 12.7
Physical resources.............................. 1.5 2.2 2.3 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9
Net interest.................................... 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.2
Other functions................................. 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 21.4 22.0 22.6 22.5 21.8 21.4 21.1 20.7
(On-budget)............................... (17.4) (18.1) (18.5) (18.4) (17.6) (17.3) (17.0) (16.7)
(Off-budget).............................. (3.9) (4.0) (4.1) (4.1) (4.1) (4.1) (4.0) (4.0)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 49]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2004--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Superfunction and Function 1997 1998 estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 270,505 268,456 276,730 274,069 282,122 292,075 304,005 313,767
Human resources................................. 1,002,336 1,033,389 1,087,406 1,142,848 1,200,724 1,242,835 1,303,418 1,362,556
Education, training, employment, and social
services..................................... 53,008 54,919 60,065 63,351 67,761 66,904 68,729 69,969
Health........................................ 123,843 131,440 143,095 152,270 162,813 173,337 184,697 196,571
Medicare...................................... 190,016 192,822 204,982 216,599 230,602 234,591 252,485 266,315
Income security............................... 230,899 233,202 243,130 258,029 267,340 274,666 282,349 291,241
Social security............................... 365,257 379,225 392,608 408,575 426,894 447,298 468,317 490,603
(On-budget)............................... (6,885) (9,156) (11,292) (10,354) (9,712) (11,397) (12,047) (12,799)
(Off-budget).............................. (358,372) (370,069) (381,316) (398,221) (417,182) (435,901) (456,270) (477,804)
Veterans benefits and services................ 39,313 41,781 43,526 44,024 45,314 46,039 46,841 47,857
Physical resources.............................. 59,992 74,732 77,830 84,772 89,767 91,290 93,868 95,570
Energy........................................ 1,475 1,270 49 -1,995 -1,130 -1,114 -1,061 -1,170
Natural resources and environment............. 21,369 22,396 24,261 23,746 24,410 24,000 24,299 24,317
Commerce and housing credit................... -14,624 1,014 452 6,352 7,688 9,251 9,519 9,944
(On-budget)............................... (-14,575) (797) (-512) (4,519) (5,859) (8,349) (9,296) (9,664)
(Off-budget).............................. (-49) (217) (964) (1,833) (1,829) (902) (223) (280)
Transportation................................ 40,767 40,332 42,640 46,435 48,817 49,602 51,833 53,382
Community and regional development............ 11,005 9,720 10,428 10,234 9,982 9,551 9,278 9,097
Net interest.................................... 244,016 243,359 227,244 215,187 205,905 194,741 183,237 172,959
(On-budget)............................... (285,230) (289,989) (279,113) (271,679) (268,012) (263,241) (258,685) (255,708)
(Off-budget).............................. (-41,214) (-46,630) (-51,869) (-56,492) (-62,107) (-68,500) (-75,448) (-82,749)
Other functions................................. 74,356 79,810 97,889 94,467 65,715 50,448 55,488 60,934
International affairs......................... 15,228 13,109 15,474 16,102 16,952 17,848 17,732 17,920
General science, space and technology......... 17,174 18,219 18,529 18,569 18,967 19,148 19,289 19,331
Agriculture................................... 9,032 12,206 21,449 15,146 12,847 11,437 10,166 10,310
Administration of justice..................... 20,173 22,832 24,467 27,529 28,808 27,648 27,692 27,542
General government............................ 12,749 13,444 14,852 14,490 14,722 14,544 14,555 14,703
Allowances.................................... ........... ........... 3,118 2,631 -26,581 -40,177 -33,946 -28,872
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -49,973 -47,194 -40,028 -45,656 -45,017 -51,076 -47,036 -47,882
(On-budget)............................... (-43,490) (-40,142) (-32,673) (-37,951) (-36,846) (-42,235) (-37,550) (-37,701)
(Off-budget).............................. (-6,483) (-7,052) (-7,355) (-7,705) (-8,171) (-8,841) (-9,486) (-10,181)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 1,601,232 1,652,552 1,727,071 1,765,687 1,799,216 1,820,313 1,892,980 1,957,904
(On-budget)............................... (1,290,606) (1,335,948) (1,404,015) (1,429,830) (1,450,483) (1,460,851) (1,521,421) (1,572,750)
(Off-budget).............................. (310,626) (316,604) (323,056) (335,857) (348,733) (359,462) (371,559) (385,154)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 16.9 16.2 16.0 15.5 15.7 16.0 16.1 16.0
Human resources................................. 62.6 62.5 63.0 64.7 66.7 68.3 68.9 69.6
Physical resources.............................. 3.7 4.5 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9
Net interest.................................... 15.2 14.7 13.2 12.2 11.4 10.7 9.7 8.8
Other functions................................. 4.6 4.8 5.7 5.4 3.7 2.8 2.9 3.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -3.1 -2.9 -2.3 -2.6 -2.5 -2.8 -2.5 -2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (80.6) (80.8) (81.3) (81.0) (80.6) (80.3) (80.4) (80.3)
(Off-budget).............................. (19.4) (19.2) (18.7) (19.0) (19.4) (19.7) (19.6) (19.7)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9
Human resources................................. 12.5 12.3 12.4 12.6 12.7 12.6 12.6 12.6
Physical resources.............................. 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Net interest.................................... 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6
Other functions................................. 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 20.0 19.7 19.7 19.4 19.0 18.4 18.3 18.1
(On-budget)............................... (16.1) (15.9) (16.0) (15.7) (15.3) (14.8) (14.7) (14.5)
(Off-budget).............................. (3.9) (3.8) (3.7) (3.7) (3.7) (3.6) (3.6) (3.6)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------