[Appendix]
[Detailed Budget Estimates by Agency]
[Department of Education]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]


                     THE BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998

[[Page 415]]


                         DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION


 
              OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                            Education Reform

    For carrying out activities authorized by titles III and IV of the 
Goals 2000: Educate America Act, [and] the School-to-Work Opportunities 
Act, and section 3132 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965, [$691,000,000] $1,245,000,000, of which [$476,000,000] 
$603,500,000 for the Goals 2000[: Educate America] Act and $200,000,000 
for the School-to-Work Opportunities Act shall become available on July 
1, [1997] 1998, and remain available through September 30, [1998] 1999: 
Provided, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall 
be obligated or expended to carry out section 304(a)(2)(A) of the Goals 
2000[: Educate America] Act, except that no more than $1,500,000 may be 
used to carry out activities under section 314(a)(2) of that Act: 
Provided further, That section 315(a)(2) of the Goals 2000 Act shall not 
apply: Provided further, That up to one-half of one percent of the 
amount available under section 3132 shall be set aside for the outlying 
areas, to be distributed on the basis of their relative need as 
determined by the Secretary in accordance with the purposes of the 
program: Provided further, That if any State educational agency does not 
apply for a grant under section 3132, that State's allotment under 
section 3131 shall be reserved by the Secretary for grants to local 
educational agencies in that State that apply directly to the Secretary 
according to the terms and conditions published by the Secretary in the 
Federal Register. (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0500-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Goals 2000:

00.01   State and local education 
          systemic improvement..........         321         673         605
00.02   Parental assistance.............          10          15          15
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Total goals 2000..............         331         688         620
01.01 School-to-work opportunities......         149         332         200
02.01 Technology Literacy Challenge Fund                                 425
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         480       1,020       1,245
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................         265         329
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         530         691       1,245
22.21 Unobligated balance transferred to 
        other accounts..................          -2
22.22 Unobligated balance transferred 
        from other accounts.............          16
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         809       1,020       1,245
23.95 New obligations...................        -480      -1,020      -1,245
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....         329
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................         530         691       1,245
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         322         532         861
73.10 New obligations...................         480       1,020       1,245
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -271        -691        -730
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...           1
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         532         861       1,376
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority           7          83         149
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         264         608         581
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         271         691         730
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         530         691       1,245
90.00 Outlays...........................         271         691         730
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Note.--Includes $425 million in budget authority in 1998 for activities 
previously financed through the Department of Education, Office of 
Educational Research and Improvement, Education Research, Statistics, and 
Improvement account. The comparable amount for 1997 is $200 million and zero 
in 1996, since the program was first funded in 1997.

    Funds help States and localities undertake comprehensive education 
reform, create State and local systems of school-to-work transition for 
students, and implement educational technology plans.

    Goals 2000:
        State and local education systemic improvement.--State grants 
    support State and local education improvement efforts to help all 
    students reach challenging academic standards. At least 90 percent 
    of the funds are provided to local educational agencies. Funds also 
    support evaluation of educational reform efforts.
        Parental assistance.--Centers in 42 States would continue to 
    help provide parents with knowledge and skills they need to 
    participate effectively in their children's education.

    School-to-Work Opportunities.--School-to-work programs are jointly 
administered by the Departments of Education and Labor. An identical 
amount is provided for the Department of Labor to support these 
activities. Competitive, 5-year grants are awarded to States that have 
completed and are ready to implement their school-to-work plans. Thirty-
seven States are currently in their first, second, or third year of 
these grants. Requested funds would enable all States to participate 
fully.

    Direct grants are also provided to local partnerships serving young 
people who live in urban and rural areas characterized by high-poverty, 
as well as partnerships that serve Indian youth. These funds also 
support a national evaluation, research, and development activities to 
provide national leadership and analysis of school-to-work opportunities 
initiatives.

    Technology Literacy Challenge Fund.--All States will receive the 
second year of 5-year grants as part of the President's plan to provide 
States and school districts with $2 billion over 5 years for computers, 
connections, training, and software, in order to achieve the President's 
four goals for fully integrating technology into schools.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0500-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           2           2           4
25.2  Other services....................           3           6           6
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................         474       1,011       1,234
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         480       1,020       1,245
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                     Education for the Disadvantaged

    For carrying out title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965, and section 418A of the Higher Education Act, 
[$7,698,469,000] $8,077,266,000, of which [$6,380,114,000] 
$6,755,165,000 shall become available on July 1, [1997] 1998, and shall 
remain available through September 30, [1998] 1999, and of which 
$1,298,386,000 shall become available on October 1, [1997] 1998 and 
shall remain available through September 30, [1998] 1999, for academic 
year [1997-1998] 1998-1999: Provided, That

[[Page 416]]

[$6,194,850,000] $6,191,350,000 shall be available for basic grants 
under section 1124: Provided further, That up to [$3,500,000] $4,000,000 
of these funds shall be available to the Secretary on October 1, [1996] 
1997, to obtain updated local-educational-agency-level census poverty 
data from the Bureau of the Census: Provided further, That $999,249,000 
shall be available for concentration grants under section 1124(A), 
$350,000,000 shall be available for targeted grants under section 1125, 
[and $7,000,000] $10,000,000 shall be available for evaluations under 
section 1501, and not more than $7,500,000 shall be reserved for section 
1308, of which not more than $3,000,000 shall be reserved for section 
1308(d). (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0900-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Direct program:

        Grants to local educational 
            agencies:
00.01     Basic grants..................       4,835       6,181       6,191
00.02     Concentration grants..........         547         941         999
00.03     Targeted grants...............                                 350
00.04     Set-aside for BIA/outlying 
            areas.......................           5          85
00.05   Capital expenses................          44          41          41
00.06   Even start......................         103         104         108
00.07   State agency programs...........         346         349         360
00.08   State school improvement........                                   8
00.09   Evaluation......................           3           7          10
00.10   Migrant education projects......           9           9          10
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Total direct program..........       5,892       7,717       8,077
01.01 Reimbursable program..............           1          14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       5,893       7,731       8,077
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................          17          41
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       5,911       7,690       8,077
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       5,935       7,731       8,077
23.95 New obligations...................      -5,893      -7,731      -8,077
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....          41
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation...................       5,930       6,400       6,779
41.00   Transferred to other accounts...         -34
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
43.00     Appropriation (total).........       5,896       6,400       6,779
      Permanent:

61.00   Transferred to other accounts...                      -8
65.00   Advance appropriation (definite)                   1,298       1,298
68.00   Spending authority from 
          offsetting collections: 
          Offsetting collections (cash).          15
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       5,911       7,690       8,077
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       7,900       6,721       7,217
73.10 New obligations...................       5,893       7,731       8,077
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -7,034      -7,235      -7,476
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -31
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.          -7
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       6,721       7,217       7,818
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         330         768         813
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....       6,695       5,421       5,390
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................                   1,032       1,038
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...           9          14         235
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       7,034       7,235       7,476
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........         -15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       5,896       7,690       8,077
90.00 Outlays...........................       7,020       7,235       7,476
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Grants to local educational agencies.--Funds will be allocated 
through the Basic, Concentration, and Targeted grant formulas for local 
programs that stress the achievement of challenging State education 
standards, support schoolwide improvement, integrate Title I assessment 
and curriculum with State systemic reforms, and target funds to high-
poverty schools. Up to $4.0 million in Basic Grant funds will be used to 
continue work needed to obtain updated poverty data at the local 
educational agency level from the Bureau of the Census, for use in 
allocating Title I funds beginning in 1999, as required by the statute.

    Capital expenses.--Funds are provided by formula to States to 
support capital costs incurred by local educational agencies that are 
associated with providing educational services to eligible children 
attending non-public schools.

    State agency migrant program.--Funds are provided by formula to 
States for educational services to children of migratory farmworkers and 
fishers. Funds and services are concentrated on children who have moved 
within the past 36 months.

    State agency neglected and delinquent program.--Funds are provided 
by formula to States for educational services to children and youth 
under age 21 in State neglected, delinquent, or adult correction 
facilities. Services help institutionalized youth achieve the same 
challenging standards established for students in local public schools.

    State school improvement.--Funds are provided by formula to States 
to be used for technical assistance, incentives, and other strategies to 
assist schools and districts to implement Title I programs that help 
children meet challenging State education standards.

    Evaluation.--Funds support national activities to evaluate Title I 
programs and ongoing longitudinal studies of the program's effectiveness 
in helping schools and children achieve to challenging State education 
standards.

    Migrant education projects.--Funds support grants to institutions of 
higher education and other non-profit agencies that assist migrant 
students to earn a high school equivalency certificate or to complete 
their first year of college.

    Reimbursable program.--Amounts in this activity consist of funds 
appropriated in other accounts for consolidated grants to the insular 
areas.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0900-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Direct obligations:

25.1    Advisory and assistance services           6           8          11
25.2    Other services..................           3           6           6
41.0    Grants, subsidies, and 
          contributions.................       5,883       7,703       8,060
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..       5,892       7,717       8,077
99.0  Reimbursable obligations..........           1          14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       5,893       7,731       8,077
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                               Impact Aid

    For carrying out programs of financial assistance to federally 
affected schools authorized by title VIII of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965, [$730,000,000], $658,000,000, of which 
[$615,500,000] $584,000,000 shall be for basic support payments under 
section 8003(b), $40,000,000 shall be for payments for children with 
disabilities under section 8003(d), [$52,000,000] $20,000,000, to remain 
available until expended, shall be for payments under

[[Page 417]]

section 8003(f), [$5,000,000] $4,000,000 shall be for construction under 
section 8007, and $10,000,000, to remain available until expended, shall 
be for facilities maintenance activities under section 8008 [$17,500,000 
shall be for Federal property payments under section 8002]: Provided, 
That payments and eligibility under section 8003 shall be based only on 
federally connected children described in sections 8003(a)(1)(B) and 
8003(a)(1)(C): Provided further, That notwithstanding the provisions of 
section 8003(b)(1)(B), any local educational agency that received a 
payment based on federally connected children described in sections 
8003(a)(1)(B) and 8003(a)(1)(C) for fiscal year 1997 shall be eligible 
to receive a payment under sections 8003(b) and 8003(d) for fiscal year 
1998: Provided further, That notwithstanding the provisions of section 
8003(b)(1)(C), the maximum amount of the basic support payment shall be 
determined by multiplying each local educational agency's weighted 
student units for federally connected children described in sections 
8003(a)(1)(B) and 8003(a)(1)(C) by the factor described under section 
8003(b)(1)(C)(iv): Provided further, That notwithstanding the provisions 
of section 8003(b)(2), if funds provided are insufficient to pay each 
local educational agency the full amount of its payment calculated under 
section 8003(b)(1)(C), then payments shall be ratably reduced: Provided 
further, That none of the funds provided shall be used for payments 
under section 8003(e). (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 
1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0102-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Payments for federally connected children:

00.01   Basic support payments..........         582         615         584
00.02   Supplemental payments for 
          children with disabilities....          40          40          40
00.03   Payments for heavily impacted 
          districts.....................          41         101          20
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91   Subtotal, payments for federally 
          connected children............         663         756         644
01.01 Facilities maintenance............           6          12          10
02.01 Construction......................          13          22           4
03.01 Payments for Federal property.....          16          18
04.01 Payments for section 3(d)(2)(B)...           3           4
05.01 Disaster assistance...............           1          27
06.01 Construction (P.L. 81-815)........           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         703         839         658
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................         105         109
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         693         730         658
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................          14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         812         839         658
23.95 New obligations...................        -703        -839        -658
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....         109
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................         693         730         658
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         373         320         258
73.10 New obligations...................         703         839         658
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -952        -901        -701
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         210
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.         -14
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         320         258         215
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         531         599         532
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         421         302         169
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         952         901         701
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         693         730         658
90.00 Outlays...........................         952         901         701
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Funds help to pay the operating costs of local educational agencies 
that are affected by Federal activities. Payments would be made to local 
educational agencies that educate children living on Indian lands and 
military dependents living on Federal property.

    Basic support payments.--Payments would be made on behalf of 
approximately 330,000 federally connected children enrolled in nearly 
1,000 school districts across the country. The request would provide an 
average payment of $1,770 for each of these federally connected 
children.

    Supplemental payments for children with disabilities.--Payments 
would be made for additional assistance to school districts educating 
federally connected children with disabilities. Approximately 31,000 
such children are enrolled in school districts across the country. The 
request would provide approximately $1,300 in additional assistance for 
the education of each of these children.

    Payments for heavily impacted districts.--Increased payments would 
be provided for certain heavily impacted school districts, including 
school districts whose boundaries are the same as a military base, and 
school districts that enroll high proportions of federally connected 
children and meet certain fiscal requirements.

    Facilities maintenance.--Funds would be used to provide emergency 
repairs for school facilities that are owned by the Department of 
Education and to facilitate the transfer of the facilities to local 
educational agencies.

    Construction.--Formula-based payments for capital improvements would 
be made to school districts that meet the statutory eligibility 
criteria.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0102-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
32.0  Land and structures...............           6          12          10
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................         697         827         648
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         703         839         658
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           School Construction

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0010-4-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        41.0)...........................                               5,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                               5,000
23.95 New obligations...................                              -5,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................                               5,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                               5,000
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                              -1,250
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                               3,750
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority                               1,250
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                               5,000
90.00 Outlays...........................                               1,250
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    School construction.--Under legislation that the Administration is 
submitting to the Congress in 1997, funds would provide Federal interest 
subsidies, or similar assistance, to States and localities to stimulate 
public elementary and secondary school construction and renovation. The 
legislation would create a one-time mandatory appropriation of $5 
billion.

                                

[[Page 418]]

                       School Improvement Programs

    For carrying out school improvement activities authorized by titles 
II, IV[-A-1], V-A and B, [VI], IX, X and XIII of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965; the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless 
Assistance Act; and the Civil Rights Act of 1964; [$1,425,631,000] 
$1,299,222,000, of which [$1,202,478,000] $977,000,000 shall become 
available on July 1, [1997] 1998, and remain available through September 
30, [1998] 1999: Provided, That of the amount appropriated, 
[$310,000,000] $360,000,000 shall be for Eisenhower professional 
development State grants under title II-B of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act; $100,000,000 shall be for charter schools under 
title X, part C of such Act; and [$310,000,000 shall be for innovative 
education program strategies State grants under title VI-A.] $750,000 
shall be for an evaluation of comprehensive regional assistance centers 
under title XIII of such Act: Provided further, That funds under titles 
II-B and IV-A-1 shall be used only for programs that are consistent with 
principles of effectiveness to be published in the Federal Register by 
the Secretary of Education. (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 
1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1000-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Professional development and program 
          innovation:

00.01   Eisenhower professional 
          development State grants......         273         311         360
00.02   Innovative education program 
          strategies State grants.......         275         310
      Safe and drug-free schools and communities:

00.03   State grants....................         438         558         590
00.04   National programs...............          25                      30
00.05 Inexpensive book distribution.....          10          10          12
00.06 Arts in education.................           9           9          10
00.07 Magnet schools assistance.........          95          95          95
00.08 Education for homeless children 
        and youth.......................          23          25          27
00.09 Women's educational equity........                       2           4
00.10 Training and advisory services....           7           7          14
00.11 Ellender fellowships..............           2           2
00.12 Education for Native Hawaiians....          12          15          15
00.13 Alaska Native education equity....                       8           8
00.14 Foreign language assistance.......          10
00.15 Charter schools...................          18          51         100
00.16 Comprehensive regional assistance 
        centers.........................          22          26          34
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       1,219       1,429       1,299
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................           5           4
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       1,218       1,426       1,299
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       1,223       1,430       1,299
23.95 New obligations...................      -1,219      -1,429      -1,299
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................       1,224       1,426       1,299
41.00 Transferred to other accounts.....          -6
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
43.00   Appropriation (total)...........       1,218       1,426       1,299
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       1,218       1,426       1,299
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,761       1,693       1,606
73.10 New obligations...................       1,219       1,429       1,299
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -1,246      -1,516      -1,396
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -41
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,693       1,606       1,509
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          51         171         156
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....       1,195       1,345       1,240
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       1,246       1,516       1,396
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       1,218       1,426       1,299
90.00 Outlays...........................       1,246       1,516       1,396
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Eisenhower professional development State grants.--Formula grants 
are provided to States, local districts, and institutions of higher 
education to support intensive, high-quality professional development in 
the core academic subject areas.

    Safe and drug-free schools and communities.--

    State grants.--Formula grants are made to States and Outlying Areas 
to assist in combatting school violence and drug use by the Nation's 
children and youth.

    National programs.--Funds support activities to promote safe and 
disciplined academic environments and prevent the illegal use of drugs 
and violence among students at all educational levels. Such activities 
may include training, demonstrations, direct services to school 
districts with severe drug and violence problems, program evaluation, 
and development and dissemination of information and materials.

    Other programs.--

    Inexpensive book distribution.--Funds support reading motivation 
activities, including the distribution of free books to children.

    Arts in education.--Funds support Federal leadership activities in 
arts education as well as the education activities of the Kennedy Center 
and Very Special Arts.

    Magnet schools assistance.--Grants are made to local educational 
agencies to establish and operate magnet school programs that are part 
of approved desegregation plans.

    Education for homeless children and youth.--Funds are provided to 
States, Outlying Areas, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs to provide 
educational and support services that enable homeless children and youth 
to enroll in, attend, and achieve success in school.

    Women's educational equity.--Funds support implementation of gender-
equity practices at schools and colleges, as well as the development and 
dissemination of educational materials that promote educational equity 
for women and girls.

    Training and advisory services.--Grants are made to regional 
desegregation assistance centers and State Educational Agencies that 
provide technical assistance to school districts in desegregating public 
schools and developing effective methods of coping with special 
educational problems associated with desegregation.

    Education for Native Hawaiians.--Grants provide supplemental 
education services to Native Hawaiians in the areas of family-based 
education, special education, gifted and talented education, higher 
education, curriculum development, teacher training and recruitment, and 
community-based learning.

    Alaska Native education equity.--Grants provide supplemental 
education services to Alaska Natives in the areas of educational 
planning, curriculum development, teacher training, teacher recruitment, 
student enrichment, and home-based instruction for pre-school children.

    Charter schools.--The President is proposing a significant increase 
in this program to support innovative education reform and public school 
choice. Grants are awarded to State educational agencies and charter 
schools to support the design and initial implementation of model 
charter schools. These schools are created by teachers, parents, and 
members of the community, and are exempt from certain local, State, and 
Federal regulations.

    Comprehensive regional assistance centers.--Funds are provided for 
15 comprehensive regional technical assistance centers that provide 
services to States, local educational agencies, schools, and other 
recipients of Federal education funds to improve elementary and 
secondary education programs.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1000-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
24.0  Printing and reproduction.........           1           1           1

[[Page 419]]

25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           2           2           2
25.2  Other services....................          14          17          20
25.5  Research and development contracts           1           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       1,201       1,408       1,275
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       1,219       1,429       1,299
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         America Reads Challenge

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0011-4-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 America's Reading Corps...........                                 200
00.02 Parents as first teachers grants..                                  60
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................                                 260
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                                 260
23.95 New obligations...................                                -260
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................                                 260
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                                 260
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                 -31
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                 229
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority                                  31
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                                 260
90.00 Outlays...........................                                  31
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    America's Reading Corps.--The President has proposed a new 
initiative to work with families and communities in a national reading 
effort that will enlist a million trained and supervised reading tutors, 
most of whom will participate in after-school, weekend, and summer 
reading programs, to assist in teaching at least three million children 
to read independently and well by the end of the third grade. Department 
of Education funding for the America's Reading Corps will pay primarily 
for reading specialists and materials to train tutors while tutor 
recruitment efforts will be the focus of additional funds requested in 
the budget for the Corporation for National and Community Service.

    Parents as First Teachers grants.--Funds will be made available to 
national and regional groups, as well as local communities and 
organizations, to support effective, proven literacy efforts that help 
parents to help their children become successful readers by the end of 
third grade.

                                

                      Chicago Litigation Settlement

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0220-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        41.0)...........................           1           5           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................          10           9           4
23.95 New obligations...................          -1          -5          -4
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....           9           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           2           1           3
73.10 New obligations...................           1           5           4
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............          -1          -4          -4
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           1           3           3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....           1           4           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................
90.00 Outlays...........................           1           4           4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Funds made available under this account were reappropriated by the 
Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1987 (Public Law 100-71) from funds 
enjoined in United States of America v. Board of Education of the City 
of Chicago. The funds were reappropriated for the specific purpose of 
settling this case. The funds are used by the Chicago Board of Education 
to implement Project CANAL (Creating A New Approach to Learning), the 
project approved by the court to support the Board's desegregation 
efforts.

    The Department of Education provides these funds to the Chicago 
Board of Education in annual increments upon receipt and approval of an 
annual plan for Project CANAL activities.

                                

                            Indian Education

    For necessary expenses to carry out, to the extent not otherwise 
provided, title IX, part A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
of 1965, as amended, and section 215 of the Department of Education 
Organization Act, [$61,000,000] $62,600,000. (Department of the Interior 
and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0101-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Grants to local educational 
        agencies........................          50          58          60
00.02 Fellowships.......................           1
00.03 Federal Administration............           2           3           3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............          53          61          63
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................           1
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          52          61          63
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......          53          61          63
23.95 New obligations...................         -53         -61         -63
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................          52          61          63
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          93          66          60
73.10 New obligations...................          53          61          63
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -77         -67         -61
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...          -3
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          66          60          62
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority           2           9          10
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....          75          58          51
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          77          67          61
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................          52          61          63
90.00 Outlays...........................          77          67          61
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Indian Education program (Title IX, Part A of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act) supports the efforts of local educational 
agencies and tribal schools to im-

[[Page 420]]

prove teaching and learning for the Nation's American Indian and Alaska 
Native children.

    Grants to local educational agencies.--Formula grants support local 
educational agencies in their efforts to reform elementary and secondary 
school programs that serve Indian students, with the goal of ensuring 
that such programs are based on challenging State standards that are 
used for all students. In 1996, 1,219 formula grants were made to local 
educational agencies and certain tribal schools enrolling approximately 
422,500 Indian students.

    Federal administration.--Funds support the administrative expenses 
of the Office of Indian Education and the National Advisory Council on 
Indian Education.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0101-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.1  Personnel compensation: Full-time 
        permanent.......................           2           2           2
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................          51          58          60
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........                       1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............          53          61          63
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0101-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......          30          24          24
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                


 
      OFFICE OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION AND MINORITY LANGUAGES AFFAIRS

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                    Bilingual and Immigrant Education

    For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, bilingual, 
foreign language and immigrant education activities authorized by parts 
A and C and section 7203 of title VII of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act, without regard to section 7103(b), [$261,700,000] 
$354,000,000, of which [$100,000,000] $150,000,000 shall be for 
immigrant education programs authorized by part C: Provided, That State 
educational agencies may use all, or any part of, their part C 
allocation for competitive grants to local educational agencies: 
Provided further, That the Department of Education should only support 
instructional programs which ensure that students completely master 
English in a timely fashion (a period of three to five years) while 
meeting rigorous achievement standards in the academic content areas. 
(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1300-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Instructional services............         117         157         160
00.02 Support services..................          10                      14
00.03 Training grants...................           1                      25
00.04 Foreign Language Assistance.......                       5           5
00.05 Immigrant education...............          50         100         150
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         178         262         354
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         178         262         354
23.95 New obligations...................        -178        -262        -354
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................         178         262         354
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         266         241         278
73.10 New obligations...................         178         262         354
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -185        -225        -276
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -18
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         241         278         356
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority           4          31          42
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         181         194         234
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         185         225         276
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         178         262         354
90.00 Outlays...........................         185         225         276
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Bilingual education.--These programs provide assistance to local 
educational agencies and other entities to develop and enhance their 
capacity to provide high-quality instructional programs to children and 
youth of limited English proficiency. Programs are designed to teach 
English and to assist these students in achieving the same challenging 
State content and performance standards expected of all children and 
youth. Aid is also given to train educational personnel to serve limited 
English proficient children, to build State capacity to improve 
educational services for these children, and for information 
dissemination, studies, and evaluations.

    Foreign language assistance.--The foreign language assistance 
program provides competitive grants to State and local educational 
agencies to improve the quality of foreign language instruction for 
elementary and secondary school students.

    Immigrant education.--The immigrant education program provides 
grants to school districts to help finance educational services for 
immigrant students. Participation is limited to districts with 500 
immigrant students or districts in which immigrant children represent at 
least 3 percent of the enrollment. Awards are made to State educational 
agencies, which make subgrants to eligible local educational agencies. 
Appropriation language permits States to distribute these funds on 
either a formula or discretionary grant basis.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1300-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.2  Other services....................           2                       6
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................         176         262         348
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         178         262         354
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                


 
         OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                            Special Education

    [For carrying out parts B, C, D, E, F, G, and H and section 
610(j)(2)(C) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 
$4,036,000,000, of which $3,783,685,000 shall become available for 
obligation on July 1, 1997, and shall remain available through September 
30, 1998: Provided, That the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the 
Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of Palau shall continue 
to be eligible to receive funds under the Individuals with Disabilities 
Education Act consistent with the provisions of Public Law 104-134: 
Provided further, That the entities that received competitive awards for 
direct services to children under section 611 of the Individuals with 
Disabilities Education Act in accordance with the competition required 
in Public Law 104-134 shall continue to be funded, without competition, 
in the same amounts as under Public Law 104-134.] (Department of 
Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

[[Page 421]]

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0300-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      State grants:

00.01   Grants to States................       2,349       3,119
00.02   Preschool grants................         366         361
00.03   Grants for infants and families.         429         505
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Subtotal, State grants........       3,145       3,985
      Special purpose funds:

01.01   Deaf-blindness..................          13          13
01.02   Serious emotional disturbance...           4           4
01.03   Severe disabilities.............          10          10
01.04   Early childhood education.......          25          25
01.05   Secondary and transitional 
          services......................          24          24
01.06   Postsecondary education.........           9           9
01.07   Innovation and development......          14          16
01.08   Media and captioning services...          19          20
01.09   Technology applications.........          10          10
01.10   Special studies.................           4           4
01.11   Personnel development...........          91          93
01.12   Parent training.................          14          16
01.13   Clearinghouses..................           2           2
01.14   Regional resource centers.......           7           7
01.15   Architectural barriers removal..           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Special purpose 
            funds.......................         246         252
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       3,390       4,238
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................         339         202
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       3,245       4,036
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................           8
22.30 Unobligated balance expiring......          -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       3,592       4,238
23.95 New obligations...................      -3,390      -4,238
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....         202
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................       3,245       4,036
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       3,952       4,055       4,867
73.10 New obligations...................       3,390       4,238
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -3,222      -3,426      -3,332
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -57
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.          -8
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       4,055       4,867       1,535
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         122         404
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....       3,100       3,022       3,332
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       3,222       3,426       3,332
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       3,245       4,036
90.00 Outlays...........................       3,222       3,426       3,332
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................       3,245       4,036
  Outlays...........................       3,222       3,426       3,332
Legislative proposal, not subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                               4,210
  Outlays...........................                                 421
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................       3,245       4,036       4,210
  Outlays...........................       3,222       3,426       3,753
                                    ====================================

    The administration will propose legislation authorizing programs 
under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. When new 
authorizing legislation is enacted, resources will be requested for the 
Special Education account. See the ``Legislative proposal, not subject 
to PAYGO'' schedule for additional details.

    Program measures under the current program include:

                                         1995 actual 1996 actual   1997 est.
Number of children served on December 1 
    of fiscal year:
  Ages 3 through 21.....................   5,439,626   5,628,577   5,798,000
  Ages 3 through 5......................     524,458     549,154     577,000
  Birth through 2.......................     165,253     174,288     184,000

                                    1991-1992 ac1992-1993 actual  1993-1994 
                                                                      actual
    Educational Environment
Children ages 3 through 21 provided 
    special education in:
  Regular classrooms with or without 
    resource rooms......................   3,397,326   3,563,883   3,746,481
  Separate classes......................   1,160,943   1,219,867   1,232,312
  Separate schools......................     219,055     204,764     192,112
  Residential facilities................      40,893      40,466      37,299
    Status of Exiting Students
Graduated with a diploma................     100,742     103,801     113,945
Graduated through certification.........      30,839      34,732      23,948
Reached maximum age.....................       4,337       5,096       4,594
Dropped out of school...................      51,489          NA      76,608
Status unknown..........................      41,961          NA      42,460
    NA--Not available due to changes in data collection form.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0300-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.2  Other services....................           8           8
25.5  Research and development contracts           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       3,381       4,229
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       3,390       4,238
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            Special Education

              (Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO) 

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0300-2-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      State grants:

00.01   Grants to States................                               3,249
00.02   Preschool grants................                                 375
00.03   Grants for infants and families.                                 324
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Subtotal, State grants........                               3,948
      Program support and improvement:

01.01   Research to practice............                                 100
01.02   State improvement...............                                  35
01.03   Professional development........                                  82
01.04   Parent training and information.                                  16
01.05   Technology development and 
          educational media services....                                  30
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Program support and 
            improvement.................                                 262
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............                               4,210
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                               4,210
23.95 New obligations...................                              -4,210
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................                               4,210
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                               4,210
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                -421
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                               3,789
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority                                 421
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                               4,210
90.00 Outlays...........................                                 421
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The resources in this schedule are proposed for later transmittal 
under proposed legislation to authorize programs under the Individuals 
with Disabilities Education Act.

[[Page 422]]

    State grants.--
        Grants to States.--Formula grants are provided to States to 
    assist them in providing special education and related services to 
    children with disabilities ages 3 through 21. The 1998 estimate of 
    these children is 5,906,000.
        Preschool Grants.--Formula grants provide additional funds to 
    States to further assist them in providing special education and 
    related services to children with disabilities ages 3 through 5 
    served under the Grants to States program. The 1998 estimate of 
    these children is 600,000.
        Grants for infants and families.--Formula grants are provided to 
    assist States to continue to implement statewide systems of 
    coordinated, comprehensive, multi-disciplinary interagency programs 
    to provide early intervention services to children with 
    disabilities, birth through age 2 years and their families.
        Program support and improvement.--These funds support a variety 
    of research, demonstration, training, technical assistance, systems 
    change, and other activities.

    The Department is in the process of developing performance 
indicators that will provide information on the impact of special 
education and early intervention on improving results for children with 
disabilities. 

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0300-2-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.2  Other services....................                                   8
25.5  Research and development contracts                                   1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................                               4,201
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............                               4,210
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

             Rehabilitation Services and Disability Research

    For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, [the 
Rehabilitation Act of 1973,] the Technology-Related Assistance for 
Individuals with Disabilities Act, [and the Helen Keller National Center 
Act, as amended, $2,509,447,000] $36,109,000. (Department of Education 
Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0301-0-1-506      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Direct program:

00.01   Vocational rehabilitation State 
          grants........................       2,114       2,176
00.02   Client assistance State grants..          10          10
00.03   Training........................          40          40
00.04   Special demonstration programs..          26          20
00.05   Migratory workers...............           1           2
00.06   Recreational programs...........           3           3
00.07   Protection and advocacy.........           7           8
00.08   Projects with industry..........          22          22
00.09   Supported employment State 
          grants........................          38          38
00.10   Independent living..............          73          75
00.11   Program improvement.............           1           2
00.12   Evaluation......................           2           2
00.13   Helen Keller National Center....           7           7
00.14   National Institute on Disability 
          and Rehabilitation Research...          70          70
00.15   Assistive technology............          36          36          36
00.16   1996 Paralympics Games..........           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Total direct program..........       2,457       2,511          36
01.01 Reimbursable program..............           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       2,459       2,511          36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................           2           1
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       2,458       2,509          36
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       2,460       2,510          36
23.95 New obligations...................      -2,459      -2,511         -36
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation...................       2,456       2,509          36
      Permanent:

68.00   Spending authority from 
          offsetting collections: 
          Offsetting collections (cash).           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       2,458       2,509          36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         922         951         760
73.10 New obligations...................       2,459       2,511          36
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -2,413      -2,702        -665
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -18
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         951         760         131
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority       1,617       1,932          28
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         794         770         637
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       2,413       2,702         665
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........          -2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       2,456       2,509          36
90.00 Outlays...........................       2,410       2,702         665
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................       2,456       2,509          36
  Outlays...........................       2,411       2,702         665
Legislative proposal, not subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                               2,547
  Outlays...........................                               1,961
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................       2,456       2,509       2,583
  Outlays...........................       2,411       2,702       2,626
                                    ====================================

    The administration will propose legislation authorizing programs 
under the Rehabilitation Act and the Helen Keller National Center Act. 
When new legislation is enacted, resources for the affected programs 
will be requested. See the ``Legislative proposal, not subject to 
PAYGO'' schedule for additional details.

    Programs and activities under the current laws are described below.

    Vocational rehabilitation State grants.--The basic State grant 
program provides Federal matching funds to State vocational 
rehabilitation (VR) agencies to assist individuals with physical or 
mental impairments to become gainfully employed. Services provided 
include vocational evaluation, counseling, mental and physical 
restoration, education, vocational training, work adjustment, job 
placement, and post-employment services. Priority is given to serving 
those with the most severe disabilities.

    As a result of the 1992 amendments to the Rehabilitation Act, the 
eligibility rate (applicants determined eligible for the VR program as a 
percent of all eligibility determinations) rose from 56.5 percent in 
1992 to 76.5 percent in 1996. Half of the State VR agencies (41 of 82) 
could not serve all individuals determined to be eligible for the 
program. Of those individuals whose cases were closed in 1996 after 
receiving VR services, about 60 percent achieved an employment outcome 
and an estimated 86 percent of these individuals entered the competitive 
labor market or became self-employed.

[[Page 423]]

    The table below presents national estimates of the number of 
eligible individuals in the VR system (individuals being served and 
eligible individuals awaiting service) and estimates of the number of 
individuals who achieved an employment outcome under the program.

    ESTIMATES OF ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS AND INDIVIDUALS REHABILITATED

                                              1995           1996
                                             actual       preliminary
Eligible individuals in the VR system...     1,250,314       1,254,100
 Severe disabilities, percent...........          75.2            75.5
Individuals achieving employment 
 outcomes...............................       209,509         209,500
 Severe disabilities, percent...........          76.0            77.3

    Client assistance State grants.--Formula grants are made to States 
to provide assistance in informing and advising clients and applicants 
of benefits available under the Rehabilitation Act and, if requested, to 
pursue legal or administrative remedies to ensure the protection of the 
rights of individuals with disabilities.

    Training.--Grants are made to States and public or nonprofit 
agencies and organizations, including institutions of higher education, 
to increase the number of skilled personnel available for employment in 
the field of rehabilitation.

    Special demonstration programs.--Grants are made to develop 
innovative methods and comprehensive service programs to assist 
individuals with disabilities to achieve satisfactory vocational 
outcomes. Supported employment projects, which provide grants to expand 
or improve the provision of supported employment services to individuals 
with the most severe disabilities, are included under this activity.

    Migratory workers.--Grants are made to State VR agencies and other 
nonprofit or local agencies to provide comprehensive vocational 
rehabilitation services to migrant or seasonal farm workers with 
disabilities.

    Recreational programs.--Grants are made to provide individuals with 
disabilities with recreation and related activities to aid in their 
employment, mobility, independence, socialization, and community 
integration.

    Protection and advocacy of individual rights.--Formula grants are 
made to State protection and advocacy systems to protect the legal and 
human rights of individuals with disabilities.

    Projects with industry.--Grants are made to a variety of public and 
private organizations, including State VR agencies, community 
rehabilitation programs, and labor organizations to provide training in 
work settings to prepare individuals with disabilities for employment 
and career advancement in the competitive labor market.

    Supported employment State grants.--Formula grants are made to 
assist States in developing programs with public and nonprofit 
organizations to provide supported employment services for individuals 
with the most severe disabilities who require on-going support services 
to enter or retain competitive employment.

    Independent living.--Grants are awarded to States and nonprofit 
agencies for services designed to enable individuals with significant 
disabilities to live and function more independently.

    Program Improvement.--Funds are used to promote broad-based planning 
and coordination, improve accountability, and enhance the Department's 
ability to address critical areas of national significance in achieving 
the purposes of the Rehabilitation Act. Examples of program improvement 
activities include technical assistance activities of national scope, 
and the development of an effective data management and reporting 
system, including program performance measures.

    Evaluation.--Studies are conducted to evaluate the impact and 
effectiveness of various programs authorized under the Rehabilitation 
Act. The Department is conducting a multi-year national longitudinal 
study of the Vocational rehabilitation State grants program.

    Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults.--The 
Center provides services to deaf-blind youths and adults and provides 
training and technical assistance to professional and allied personnel 
at its national headquarters center and through its regional 
representatives and affiliate agencies.

    National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.--The 
Institute carries out a comprehensive and coordinated program of 
rehabilitation research and related activities. Through grants and 
contracts, it supports research and training centers, rehabilitation 
engineering centers, research and demonstration projects, information 
dissemination and utilization projects, and training activities.

    Assistive technology.--Grants are made to States to support systems 
change and advocacy activities designed to develop and implement 
consumer-responsive comprehensive statewide programs of technology-
related assistance for individuals with disabilities. 

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0301-0-1-506      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           5           7           1
25.2  Other services....................           2           2
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           1
25.5  Research and development contracts           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       2,448       2,500          35
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..       2,457       2,511          36
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       2,459       2,511          36
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             Rehabilitation Services and Disability Research

              (Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO) 

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0301-2-1-506      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Direct program:

00.01   Vocational rehabilitation State 
          grants........................                               2,247
00.02   Client assistance State grants..                                  11
00.03   Training........................                                  40
00.04   Special demonstration programs..                                  17
00.05   Migratory workers...............                                   2
00.06   Recreational programs...........                                   3
00.07   Protection and advocacy.........                                   8
00.08   Projects with industry..........                                  22
00.09   Supported employment State 
          grants........................                                  38
00.10   Independent living..............                                  76
00.11   Program improvement.............                                   4
00.12   Evaluation......................                                   1
00.13   Helen Keller National Center....                                   7
00.14   National Institute on Disability 
          and Rehabilitation Research...                                  71
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............                               2,547
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                               2,547
23.95 New obligations...................                              -2,547
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................                               2,547
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                               2,547
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                              -1,961
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                 587
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority                               1,961
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                               2,547
90.00 Outlays...........................                               1,961
---------------------------------------------------------------------------



[[Page 424]]



    The administration is currently preparing a legislative proposal to 
reauthorize the expiring Rehabilitation Act and the Helen Keller 
National Center Act. The resources in this schedule are distributed 
under current law for illustrative purposes. The distribution of 
resources is subject to change pending the enactment of new authorizing 
legislation. 

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0301-2-1-506      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..                                   6
25.2  Other services....................                                   2
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........                                   1
25.5  Research and development contracts                                   1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................                               2,537
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............                               2,547
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

           Special Institutions for Persons With Disabilities

                  american printing house for the blind

    For carrying out the Act of March 3, 1879, as amended (20 U.S.C. 101 
et seq.), $6,680,000. (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 
1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0600-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        41.0)...........................           7           7           7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......           7           7           7
23.95 New obligations...................          -7          -7          -7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................           7           7           7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           1           2
73.10 New obligations...................           7           7           7
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............          -5          -9          -7
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority           4           7           7
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....           1           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........           5           9           7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................           7           7           7
90.00 Outlays...........................           5           9           7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Federal appropriation supports the production of free 
educational materials for students below the college level who are 
blind, research related to developing and improving products, and 
advisory services to consumer organizations on the availability and use 
of materials. In 1996, the portion of the Federal appropriation 
allocated to educational materials represented approximately 40 percent 
of the Printing House's total sales. The full appropriation represented 
approximately 34 percent of the Printing House's total budget.

                                

                national technical institute for the deaf

    For the National Technical Institute for the Deaf under titles I and 
II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986 (20 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.), 
$43,041,000: Provided, That from the amount available, the Institute may 
at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized 
under section 207. (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0601-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        41.0)...........................          42          43          43
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          42          43          43
23.95 New obligations...................         -42         -43         -43
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................          42          43          43
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                   3
73.10 New obligations...................          42          43          43
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -42         -40         -43
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                       3           2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          42          40          40
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....                                   3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          42          40          43
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................          42          43          43
90.00 Outlays...........................          42          40          43
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This residential center provides postsecondary technical and 
professional education for people who are deaf to prepare them for 
employment, provides training, and conducts applied research into 
employment related aspects of deafness. In 1996, Federal appropriations 
represented 81.8 percent of the Institute's operating budget. The 
Institute may also use appropriated funds for the Endowment Grant 
program.

                                

                          gallaudet university

    For the Kendall Demonstration Elementary School, the Model Secondary 
School for the Deaf, and the partial support of Gallaudet University 
under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986 (20 
U.S.C. 4301 et seq.), $79,182,000: Provided, That from the amount 
available, the University may at its discretion use funds for the 
endowment program as authorized under section 207. (Department of 
Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0602-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
01.01 University programs...............          53
02.01 Pre-college programs..............          24
03.01 Endowment grant...................           1
04.01 Consolidated Account..............                      79          79
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................          78          79          79
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          78          79          79
23.95 New obligations...................         -78         -79         -79
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................          78          79          79
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           3           2           5
73.10 New obligations...................          78          79          79
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -79         -76         -79
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           2           5           5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 425]]



    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          77          74          74
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....           2           2           5
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          79          76          79
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................          78          79          79
90.00 Outlays...........................          79          76          79
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This institution provides undergraduate and continuing education 
programs for persons who are deaf, and graduate programs related to 
deafness for students who are deaf and students who are hearing. The 
University also conducts basic and applied research and provides public 
service programs for persons who are deaf and persons who work with 
them.

    Gallaudet operates two elementary and secondary education programs 
on the main campus of the University. The Kendall Demonstration 
Elementary School serves students who are deaf from infancy through age 
15, and the Model Secondary School for the Deaf serves students who are 
deaf of high school age. Both schools also develop and disseminate 
information on effective educational techniques and strategies for 
teachers and professionals working with students who are deaf or hard of 
hearing.

    In 1996, the Federal appropriation represented 63.6 percent of the 
University's operating budget, excluding Federal financial aid, 
vocational rehabilitation, and competitive grants, and 96.9 percent of 
the operating budgets of the related elementary and secondary schools. 
The University may also use appropriated funds for the Endowment Grant 
program.

                                


 
                OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL AND ADULT EDUCATION

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                     Vocational and Adult Education

    For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Carl D. 
Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act[,] and the Adult 
Education Act[, and the National Literacy Act of 1991], [$1,486,531,000, 
of which $4,500,000 shall be for the National Institute for Literacy; 
and] $1,565,966,000, of which [$1,483,612,000] $1,563,047,000 shall 
become available on July 1, [1997] 1998 and shall remain available 
through September 30, [1998] 1999; and of which $6,000,000 from amounts 
available under the Adult Education Act shall be for the National 
Institute for Literacy under section 384(c): Provided, That, of the 
amounts made available for title II of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational 
and Applied Technology Education Act, [$4,500,000] $20,497,000 shall be 
used by the Secretary for national programs under title IV, without 
regard to section 451: [Provided further, That, in addition, the 
Secretary may reserve up to $9,000,000 under section 101(a)(1)(A) of the 
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act, without 
regard to section 451:] Provided further, That the Secretary may reserve 
up to [$5,000,000] $6,000,000 under section 313(d) of the Adult 
Education Act for activities carried out under section 383 of that Act: 
Provided further, That no funds shall be awarded to a State Council 
under section 112(f) of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied 
Technology Education Act, and no State shall be required to operate such 
a Council. (Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0400-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Vocational education:

        Annual appropriations:
          Basic grants:
00.01       Basic State grants..........         956         998       1,026
00.02       Indian and Hawaiian natives 
              set-aside.................          15          30          16
00.03       Territorial set-aside.......           2           2           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91         Subtotal, basic grants....         973       1,030       1,044
01.01     Tech-prep education...........         100         100         105
01.02     Tribally controlled 
            postsecondary vocational 
            institutions................           3           3           3
          National programs:
01.03       Research....................           7          18          20
01.04       National Occupational 
              Information Coordinating 
              Committee.................           4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.00       Total, annual appropriation.       1,087       1,151       1,172
03.01     Permanent appropriation.......           7           7           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
04.00       Total, vocational education.       1,094       1,158       1,179
        Adult education:
05.01     State programs................         246         344         382
05.02     Evaluation and technical 
            assistance..................           3           8           6
05.03     National Institute for 
            Literacy....................           5           9           6
05.04     Workplace literacy 
            partnerships................          13
05.05     Literacy programs for 
            prisoners...................           5           9
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
05.91     Total, adult education........         272         370         394
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       1,366       1,528       1,573
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................          53          34
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       1,347       1,494       1,573
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       1,400       1,528       1,573
23.95 New obligations...................      -1,366      -1,528      -1,573
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....          34
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation...................       1,340       1,487       1,566
      Permanent:

60.00   Appropriation...................           7           7           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       1,347       1,494       1,573
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,639       1,654       1,584
73.10 New obligations...................       1,366       1,528       1,573
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -1,348      -1,598      -1,494
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...          -3
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,654       1,584       1,663
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          67         179         189
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....       1,274       1,410       1,298
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................                       1           1
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...           7           8           6
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       1,348       1,598       1,494
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       1,347       1,494       1,573
90.00 Outlays...........................       1,348       1,598       1,494
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................       1,347       1,494       1,573
  Outlays...........................       1,348       1,598       1,494
Legislative proposal, subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                                  -7
  Outlays...........................                                  -1
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................       1,347       1,494       1,566
  Outlays...........................       1,348       1,598       1,493
                                    ====================================

    Budget authority for vocational and adult education includes the 
following amounts:

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
1. Vocational education:
    a. Basic grants.................         973       1,016       1,044
    b. Tech-prep education..........         100         100         105
    c. Tribally controlled 
      postsecondary vocational 
      institutions..................           3           3           3

[[Page 426]]

    d. National programs............           5          13          20
    e. Permanent appropriation......           7           7           0
2. Adult education:
    a. State programs...............         247         340         382
    b. Evaluation and technical 
      assistance....................           3           5           6
    c. National Institute for 
      Literacy......................           5           4           6
    d. Literacy programs for 
      prisoners.....................           5           5
                                    ------------------------------------
          Total.....................       1,348       1,494       1,566
                                    ====================================

    Vocational and adult education.--In fiscal year 1996, the 
Administration proposed to restructure Federal workforce-related 
education and training programs, including those under the Carl D. 
Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act, the Adult 
Education Act, and the National Literacy Act. During the 104th Congress, 
both the House and Senate passed bills that streamlined the Federal 
investment in Vocational and Adult Education. However, the 104th 
Congress adjourned without reconciling differences between the House and 
Senate bills. Absent new authorizing legislation, Congress extended the 
authority of the Perkins Act, the Adult Education Act, and the National 
Literacy Act through the 1997 appropriations act. The fiscal year 1998 
budget estimate reflects funding under current law; however, the 
Administration will propose new legislation for Vocational and Adult 
Education early in the 105th Congress. Consistent with the earlier 
proposals, State formula grant programs for vocational education and for 
adult education would be streamlined and consolidated. In addition, 
national activities for both vocational and adult education would 
support State efforts through research, development, technical 
assistance, and evaluation.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0400-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.1  Personnel compensation: Full-time 
        permanent.......................           1           1           1
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           2           2           2
25.2  Other services....................           2           2           2
25.5  Research and development contracts           1           2           2
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       1,359       1,520       1,565
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..       1,365       1,527       1,572
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       1,366       1,528       1,573
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0400-0-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......          13          10          10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                     Vocational and Adult Education

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0400-4-1-501      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
03.01 Permanent appropriation...........                                  -7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................                                  -7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                                  -7
23.95 New obligations...................                                   7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.00 Appropriation.....................                                  -7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation
73.10 New obligations...................                                  -7
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                   1
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                  -6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................                                  -1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                                  -7
90.00 Outlays...........................                                  -1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Smith-Hughes Act authorizes a permanent appropriation for four 
vocational education activities: Basic Grants, the Indian and Hawaiian 
Natives set-aside, the Territorial set-aside, and National Programs. The 
permanent appropriation is proposed for repeal, and an equivalent level 
of funding will be included in the Administration's proposal to 
reauthorize and restructure the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied 
Technology Education Act.

                                


 
                    OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                      Student Financial Assistance

    For carrying out subparts 1[, 3, and 4] and 3, of part A, part C and 
part E of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, 
[$7,560,407,000] $9,263,407,000, which shall remain available through 
September 30, [1998] 1999.
    The maximum Pell Grant for which a student shall be eligible during 
award year [1997-1998] 1998-1999 shall be [$2,700] $3,000: Provided, 
That notwithstanding section 401(g) of the Act, if the Secretary 
determines, prior to publication of the payment schedule for such award 
year, that the amount included within this appropriation for Pell Grant 
awards in such award year, and any funds available from the fiscal year 
[1996] 1997 appropriation for Pell Grant awards, are insufficient to 
satisfy fully all such awards for which students are eligible, as 
calculated under section 401(b) of the Act, the amount paid for each 
such award shall be reduced by either a fixed or variable percentage, or 
by a fixed dollar amount, as determined in accordance with a schedule of 
reductions established by the Secretary for this purpose: Provided 
further, That notwithstanding section 476(b)(1)(A)(iv) of the Act, the 
income protection allowance for independent students without dependents 
other than a spouse shall be determined using the table appearing in 
section 477(b)(4) (or a successor table prescribed by the Secretary 
under section 478(b)), except that the income protection allowance for 
single students shall be equal to the amount specified in that table for 
a family size of two with one family member in college, minus the amount 
in the table for each additional family member. (Department of Education 
Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0200-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Pell grants:

01.01   Current academic year program...       2,522       3,670       4,284
01.02   Prior academic year program.....       2,404       3,611       2,249
01.03   Independent Student Formula 
          Modification..................                                 450
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Pell grants.........       4,926       7,281       6,983
      Campus-based aid:

02.01   Supplemental educational 
          opportunity grants (SEOG).....         587         587         583
02.02   Work-study......................         619         832         857
02.03   Perkins loans: Federal capital 
          contributions.................          95         159         158
02.04   Perkins loans: Teacher 
          cancellations.................          23          20          30
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91     Subtotal, Campus-based 
            activities..................       1,324       1,597       1,628
      Campus-based aid:

03.01   State Student Incentive Grants..          32          50
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------

[[Page 427]]


10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................       6,282       8,928       8,611
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................       3,561       3,617       2,249
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       6,258       7,560       9,263
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................          87
22.30 Unobligated balance expiring......          -8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       9,898      11,177      11,512
23.95 New obligations...................      -6,282      -8,928      -8,611
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....       3,617       2,249       2,901
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................       6,258       7,560       9,263
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       3,363       2,665       3,994
73.10 New obligations...................       6,282       8,928       8,611
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -6,862      -7,599      -8,165
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -31
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.         -87
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       2,665       3,994       4,440
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         886       1,458       2,084
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....       5,973       6,141       6,081
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...           3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       6,862       7,599       8,165
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       6,258       7,560       9,263
90.00 Outlays...........................       6,862       7,599       8,165
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0200-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         187         207         223
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -31         -31         -31
      Write-offs for default:

1263    Direct loans....................          -5          -8          -8
1264    Other adjustments, net..........          56          56          56
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........         207         223         240
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Includes in all years institutional matching share of defaulted 
notes assigned from institutions to the Education Department.

    Federal Pell Grants.--Undergraduate students establish eligibility 
for these grants under award and need determination rules set out in the 
authorizing statute and the annual appropriation act. The maximum award 
for FY 1998 would be $3,000. The Department plans to transmit a 
legislative proposal later to modify the student aid need analysis 
provisions of the Higher Education Act of 1965 in order to increase the 
income protection allowance for single independent students and 
independent students without dependents other than a spouse. With this 
change, the law will provide income protection for these students at the 
same level as for independent students with dependents and parents of 
dependent students. This change will increase the eligibility of such 
students for Pell Grants and other need-based student aid.

    Federal Work-Study.--Federal grants are awarded by formula to 
qualifying institutions, which develop and provide part-time jobs for 
eligible undergraduate and graduate students with demonstrated need. 
Federal grants in most cases pay 75 percent of a student's hourly 
earnings, with the remainder paid by the employer. Hourly earnings must 
not be less than the Federal minimum wage.

    The President proposes to continue the policy of annual increases in 
Work-Study funding so that by FY 2000 one million students a year will 
be able to work their way through college under the program. FY 1998 is 
the second year of this policy.

    Institutions are currently required to spend at least 5 percent of 
their Work-Study allocation to pay students working in community service 
jobs. The President has encouraged participating institutions to use at 
least one-half of their Work-Study funding increases (over the FY 1996 
Work-Study allocation level) for community service activities.

    As part of the America Reads Challenge, the President has also 
called upon Work-Study recipients to earn their awards by working as 
reading tutors for kindergarten and elementary school students. The 
Department recently amended its regulations to waive the required 25 
percent employer funding match for students working as reading tutors.

    Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants.--Federal funds 
are awarded by formula to qualifying institutions, which use these funds 
at their discretion to award grants to undergraduate students, with 
priority for Pell Grant recipients and others with exceptional need. The 
Federal share of such grants may not exceed 75 percent of the total 
grant.

    Perkins Loan Program.--Schools award loans from revolving funds, 
composed of Federal Capital Contributions, collections on prior year 
loans, and Federal payments for loan cancellations granted in exchange 
for specified types of teaching, military or public service.

    Perkins Loans--Cancellations.--Under the Perkins Loan (formerly 
national direct student loan (NDSL)) cancellation program, institutional 
revolving funds are reimbursed for indebtedness cancelled as a result of 
a borrower engaging in certain public service occupations.

    The Higher Education Amendments of 1992 broadened statutory 
cancellations in the Perkins Loan program. This has resulted in a 
progressive increase in the usage of cancellations provisions by Perkins 
Loan borrowers in recent years.

    Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act.--The Department is 
currently developing proposals for reauthorization of the Higher 
Education Act. The Department's proposal will build on the 
accomplishments of the past four years and incorporate the following 
principles: (1) improve access to postsecondary education; (2) support 
effective education through high standards and high student achievement; 
(3) simplify program delivery and ensure accountability for taxpayer 
funds; and (4) improve outreach to potential students and linkages to 
employment and elementary/secondary education programs.

    Gatekeeping in Student Financial Assistance Programs.--The Federal 
student aid programs will make available more than $47 billion in grant, 
loan, and work-study assistance to about 8.1 million students in the 
academic year 1998-99. The Department of Education, together with States 
and accrediting agencies, works to ensure that institutions of higher 
education participating in the Federal student aid programs meet a basic 
standard of quality in the education and training of their students, and 
that these institutions are administratively capable and financially 
responsible.

    Since 1993, the Department has terminated the participation of more 
than 381 institutions that have violated the Federal regulations. During 
1997, it will complete its recertification of all institutions currently 
eligible to participate in the student financial assistance programs.

    The Department has also developed a risk analysis system that better 
enables it to identify institutions with potentially serious problems, 
and is currently pilot-testing the system for nationwide implementation.

    Furthermore, the Department has provided regulatory relief to 
institutions that have demonstrated outstanding administration of 
federal programs and strong financial responsibility. This relief will 
result in less frequent recertification, less fre-

[[Page 428]]

quent submission of compliance audits, and exemption from certain 
regulatory requirements.

    The Department helps students make better decisions by requiring 
schools to provide important information about their education programs. 
It enforces long-standing statutory requirements for institutions to 
inform prospective students of educational programs, college costs, and 
financial aid.

    The following tables display student aid funds available, the number 
of aid awards, average awards, and the unduplicated count of students 
receiving awards, based on current law and legislation proposed for 
later transmittal. The tables include aid under the Federal Family 
Education Loan (FFEL) program, formerly the Guaranteed Student Loan 
(GSL) program, the William D. Ford Direct Loan (DL) Program, as well as 
under programs in this account. The tables include the effects of 
matching funds wherever applicable. Perkins loan amounts also reflect 
available capital in institutional revolving funds, including loan 
collection and loan cancellation receipts. FFEL and DL amounts reflect 
the capital actually loaned, not the Federal costs of those loans.

      AID FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Pell grants.........................       5,642       6,209       7,786
Student loans:
  Guaranteed student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       9,792       9,880       9,642
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....       5,489       5,540       5,531
    PLUS............................       1,430       1,545       1,600
  Direct student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       5,028       5,830       6,958
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....       2,529       3,083       3,765
    PLUS............................         799       1,025       1,314
  Consolidation:
    FFEL............................       4,266       4,214       4,389
    Direct Loans....................         803       2,589       3,340
                                    ------------------------------------
        Student loans, subtotal.....      30,136      33,706      36,540
Work-study..........................         760       1,007       1,036
Supplemental educational opportunity 
grants..............................         738         738         738
Perkins loans.......................         943       1,058       1,087
State student incentive grants......          63         100           0
                                    ------------------------------------
        Total aid available.........      38,282      42,818      47,186
                                    ====================================

                          NUMBER OF AID AWARDS

                             [In thousands]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Pell grants.........................       3,601       3,661       4,009
Student loans:
  Guaranteed student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       2,871       2,693       2,524
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....       1,525       1,450       1,380
    PLUS............................         247         240         232
  Direct student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       1,551       1,823       2,150
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....         775         951       1,137
    PLUS............................         142         185         230
  Consolidation:
    FFEL............................         281         305         308
    Direct Loans....................          83         215         290
                                    ------------------------------------
        Student loans, subtotal.....       7,476       7,862       8,250
  Work-study........................         713         945         973
  Supplemental educational 
    opportunity grants..............         991         991         991
  Perkins loans.....................         703         788         810
  State student incentive grants....         105         167           0
                                    ------------------------------------
        Total awards................      13,588      14,414      15,034
                                    ====================================

                           AVERAGE AID AWARDS

                           [In whole dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Pell grants.........................       1,567       1,696       1,942
Student loans:
  Guaranteed student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       3,411       3,669       3,820
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....       3,598       3,821       4,009
    PLUS............................       5,788       6,437       6,909
  Direct student loans:
    Stafford loans..................       3,242       3,198       3,236
    Unsubsidized Stafford loans.....       3,262       3,242       3,312
    PLUS............................       5,623       5,534       5,726
  Consolidation:
    FFEL............................      15,160      13,816      14,250
    Direct Loans....................       9,716      12,042      11,517
Work-study..........................       1,065       1,065       1,065
Supplemental educational opportunity 
grants..............................         745         745         745
Perkins loans.......................       1,342       1,342       1,342
State student incentive grants......         600         600         600

                        NUMBER OF STUDENTS AIDED

                             [In thousands]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Unduplicated student count..........       7,238       7,607       8,057

    The following table displays institutional administrative costs paid 
from program funds.

                 ADMINISTRATIVE PAYMENTS TO INSTITUTIONS

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Pell grants.........................          18          18          20
Work-study..........................          47          64          66
Supplemental educational opportunity 
grants..............................          30          30          30
Perkins loans.......................          38          42          43
Direct student loans................           8           0           0

    The following table displays the status of defaulted Perkins loans 
held by the Department and by institutions.

                         DEFAULTED PERKINS LOANS

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Outstanding defaulted loans, 
    beginning of year:
  Assigned defaulted loans \1\......         187         207         223
  Unassigned defaulted loans \2\....         760         776         793
New defaulted loans.................         172         175         177
Collections on assigned loans.......         -31         -31         -31
Collections on unassigned loans.....         -87         -90         -92
Write-offs for assigned loans.......          -5          -8          -8
Write-offs for unassigned loans.....         -13         -13         -13
                                    ------------------------------------
Outstanding defaulted loans, end of 
year................................         983       1,016       1,049
                                    ====================================
    \1\ Permanently assigned to the Federal Government for collection. 
Does not include the following amounts in loans made to institutions to 
establish Perkins revolving funds: $94 thousand in 1996, $94 thousand in 
1997, and $94 thousand in 1998. These amounts are recorded as 
outstanding loans in the ``Status of Direct Loans'' schedule.
    \2\ Unassigned loans at institutions.

                                

                            Higher Education

    For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, [parts A and 
B of] title III, without regard to section 360(a)(1)(B)(ii), titles IV, 
V, VI, VII, and IX, and part A and subpart 1 of part B of title X[, and 
title XI] of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, part G of 
title XV of Public Law [102-423] 102-325 and the Mutual Educational and 
Cultural Exchange Act of 1961; [$879,054,000] $903,292,000, of which 
[$15,673,000] $13,700,000 for interest subsidies under title VII of the 
Higher Education Act[, as amended,] shall remain available until 
expended: Provided, That funds available for part D of title IX of the 
Higher Education Act shall be available to fund noncompeting 
continuation awards for academic year [1997-1998] 1998-1999 for 
fellowships awarded originally under part [B] C of title IX of said Act, 
under the terms and conditions of part [B: Provided further, That 
$5,931,000 of the funds available for part D of title IX of the Higher 
Education Act shall be available to fund new and noncompeting 
continuation awards for academic year 1997-1998 for fellowships awarded 
under part C of title IX of said Act, under the terms and conditions of 
part C: Provided further, That notwithstanding sections 419D, 419E, and 
419H of the Higher Education Act, as amended, scholarships made under 
title IV, part A, subpart 6 shall be prorated to maintain the same 
number of new scholarships in fiscal year 1997 as in fiscal year 1996: 
Provided further, That $3,000,000, to remain available until expended, 
shall be for the George H.W. Bush fellowship program,

[[Page 429]]

if authorized by April 1, 1997: Provided further, That $3,000,000, to 
remain available until expended, shall be for the Edmund S. Muskie 
Foundation to establish an endowment fund to provide income to support 
such foundation on a continuing basis, if authorized by April 1, 1997: 
Provided further, That $3,000,000, to remain available until expended, 
shall be for the Claiborne Pell Institute for International Relations 
and Public Policy at Salve Regina University in Newport, Rhode Island, 
if authorized by April 1, 1997: Provided further, That $1,000,000, to 
remain available until expended, shall be for the Calvin Coolidge 
Memorial Foundation, if authorized by April 1, 1997: Provided further, 
That, of the amounts made available under title X, part A of the Higher 
Education Act, $2,000,000 shall be awarded to the Pennsylvania 
Educational Telecommunications Exchange Network.] C: Provided further, 
That funds available for part C of title III of the Higher Education Act 
shall be available only for awards to recipients that are title III, 
part B institutions, as defined in section 322(2) of said Act. 
(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0201-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Aid for institutional development:

00.01   Strengthening historically Black 
          colleges and universities.....         129         129         133
00.02   Strengthening institutions......          55          55          55
00.03   Strengthening Hispanic serving 
          institutions..................          11          11          12
00.04   Endowment challenge grants......           7           8           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Subtotal, aid for 
            institutional development...         202         203         202
      Other aid for institutions:

01.01   Program development.............          93          94          87
01.02   Interest subsidy grants.........          17          20          14
01.03   Special grants..................           8           8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, other aid for 
            institutions................         118         122         101
      Aid for students:

02.01   Federal TRIO programs...........         463         500         525
02.02   Advanced placement fees.........                                   6
02.03   Scholarships....................          32          33          39
02.04   Graduate fellowships............          31          33          30
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91     Subtotal, aid for students....         526         566         600
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         846         891         903
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................          20          12
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         837         879         903
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................           2
22.30 Unobligated balance expiring......          -2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         857         891         903
23.95 New obligations...................        -846        -891        -903
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....          12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................         837         879         903
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         974         942         953
73.10 New obligations...................         846         891         903
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -846        -880        -881
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -29
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.          -2
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         942         953         975
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          76         123         119
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         770         757         762
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         846         880         881
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         837         879         903
90.00 Outlays...........................         847         880         881
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................         837         879         903
  Outlays...........................         846         880         881
Legislative proposal, not subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                                 132
  Outlays...........................                                  16
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................         837         879       1,035
  Outlays...........................         846         880         897
                                    ====================================

    Aid for institutional development.--
        Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities.--
    Funds support grants to help historically Black undergraduate and 
    graduate institutions equalize educational opportunity and 
    strengthen their management and fiscal operations so that they may 
    eventually become self-sufficient.
        Strengthening institutions.--Funds support planning and 
    development grants for improving academic programs and financial 
    management at schools that enroll high proportions of disadvantaged 
    students and have low per-student expenditures.
        Strengthening Hispanic-serving institutions.--Funds support 
    Hispanic-serving institutions to enable them to improve and expand 
    their capacity to serve Hispanic and low-income students.
        Endowment challenge grants.--Funds support endowment challenge 
    grants for historically Black colleges and universities to enable 
    such institutions to establish or increase institutional endowment 
    funds.

    Other aid for institutions.--
        Program development.--Funds support: the Fund for the 
    Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE), to address problems 
    and encourage improvements in postsecondary education; the minority 
    science improvement program, to improve science education at 
    predominantly minority institutions; international education and 
    foreign language study programs, to help strengthen American 
    education in foreign languages and area and international studies 
    and to provide research and study opportunities in foreign countries 
    for American graduate students, faculty members, and teachers of 
    foreign languages; and minority teacher recruitment, to encourage 
    minorities to enter teaching careers.
        Interest subsidy grants.--Funds meet mandatory interest subsidy 
    costs of construction loan commitments made prior to 1974.

    Aid for students.--
        Federal TRIO programs.--Funds support: academic, counseling and 
    outreach services to help individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds 
    enter and complete college; the student support services program to 
    assist postsecondary students from disadvantaged backgrounds who 
    need academic support to complete successfully their education; the 
    McNair postbaccalaureate program, to provide support to 
    disadvantaged groups underrepresented in graduate education; and 
    staff training, to provide training opportunities for staff employed 
    in or preparing for employment in TRIO programs. Funds also support 
    the continuation of an evaluation of the TRIO programs.
        Advanced placement fees.--Funds support State efforts to pay for 
    the Advanced Placement test fees of low-income students to help 
    students obtain college credit for high school courses.
        Scholarships.--Funds support: Byrd honors scholarships for 
    outstanding students who show promise of continued excellence.
        Graduate fellowships.--Funds support graduate assistance to 
    provide fellowships to financially needy graduate students who are 
    studying in areas of national need, and

[[Page 430]]

    to students of superior ability completing graduate-level education. 


               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0201-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           1           1           1
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           1           1
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................           1           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................         842         887         899
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         846         891         903
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                            Higher Education

         (Proposed for later transmittal, not subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0201-2-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        41.0)...........................                                 132
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                                 132
23.95 New obligations...................                                -132
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................                                 132
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                                 132
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                 -16
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                 116
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority                                  16
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                                 132
90.00 Outlays...........................                                  16
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Presidential Honors Scholarships.--The President is proposing a new 
program to reward the best and brightest of our nation's high school 
students. The program would provide $1,000 merit-based scholarship 
awards to the top 5 percent of graduating students from every secondary 
school in the country. Awards would be used by students to offset the 
cost of attending any postsecondary education institution. This program 
would encourage and reward individual academic excellence and 
achievement in high school, and promote college attendance by graduating 
seniors.

                                

                            Howard University

    For partial support of Howard University (20 U.S.C. 121 et seq.), 
$196,000,000[: Provided, That from the amount available, the University 
may at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized 
under], of which not less than $3,530,000, of which $3,530,000 shall 
remain available until expended, shall be for a matching endowment grant 
pursuant to the Howard University Endowment Act (Public Law 98-480). 
(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0603-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Academic program..................         152
00.02 Endowment program.................           4
00.03 Research..........................           1
00.04 Howard University Hospital........          29          29          29
00.05 Construction......................           1
00.06 Undistributed.....................                     167         167
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................         187         196         196
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................           4
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         182         196         196
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         187         196         196
23.95 New obligations...................        -187        -196        -196
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................         182         196         196
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          14           9          13
73.10 New obligations...................         187         196         196
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -194        -192        -196
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...           3
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.          -1
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           9          13          13
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         179         184         184
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....          15           8          12
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         194         192         196
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         182         196         196
90.00 Outlays...........................         194         192         196
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Howard University is a private, nonprofit educational institution 
consisting of 16 schools and colleges. Federal funds are used to provide 
partial support for university programs as well as for the teaching 
hospital facilities. In 1996, direct Federal appropriations for the 
academic and research programs represented 65 percent of the 
university's educational and general expenditures.

                                

Credit accounts:

               Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
02.01 Direct loan subsidy...............         237         413         645
02.02 Reestimates of subsidy............           3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91   Subtotal, subsidy cost..........         240         413         645
07.09 Student loan administrative 
        expenses........................         435         491         750
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         675         904       1,395
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         680         904       1,395
22.40 Capital transfer to general fund..          -5
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         675         904       1,395
23.95 New obligations...................        -675        -904      -1,395
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.00 Appropriation.....................         436         491         750
60.05 Appropriation (indefinite)........         244         109         645
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
63.00   Appropriation (total)...........         680         600       1,395
68.00 Spending authority from offsetting 
        collections: Offsetting 
        collections (cash)..............                     304
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................         680         904       1,395
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 431]]



    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         465         220         408
73.10 New obligations...................         675         904       1,395
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -595        -716      -1,126
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...        -326
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         220         408         677
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................         472         549         813
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...         123         167         313
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         595         716       1,126
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........                    -304
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         680         600       1,395
90.00 Outlays...........................         595         412       1,126
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................         680         600       1,395
  Outlays...........................         595         412       1,126
Legislative proposal, subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                                -112
  Outlays...........................                                 -56
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................         680         600       1,283
  Outlays...........................         595         412       1,070
                                    ====================================

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in 
                            millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy 
                budget authority:
1150  Stafford..........................       5,587       6,427       7,671
1150  Unsubsidized Stafford.............       2,869       3,475       4,246
1150  PLUS..............................         972       1,265       1,626
1150  Consolidated......................         869       2,622       3,386
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1159    Total direct loan levels........      10,297      13,789      16,929
    Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
1320  Stafford..........................       12.51       13.39       13.65
1320  Unsubsidized Stafford.............      -12.97       -9.77       -6.93
1320  PLUS..............................       -8.09       -6.62       -6.34
1320  Consolidated......................       -0.83       -0.94       -0.14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1329    Weighted average subsidy rate...        2.34        2.99        3.81
    Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
1330  Stafford..........................         699         860       1,047
1330  Unsubsidized Stafford.............        -372        -339        -294
1330  PLUS..............................         -79         -84        -103
1330  Consolidated......................          -7         -25          -5
1330  Downward reestimate...............           3        -304
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1339    Total subsidy budget authority..         244         108         645
    Direct loan subsidy outlays:
1340  Stafford..........................         570         661         881
1340  Unsubsidized Stafford.............        -313        -274        -276
1340  PLUS..............................         -45         -60         -76
1340  Consolidated......................         -15         -24          -5
1340  Downward reestimate...............           3        -304
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1349    Total subsidy outlays...........         200          -1         524
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Student loan administrative expense data:
3510  Budget authority..................         436         491         750
3590  Outlays...........................         395         413         602
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Federal Government operates two major student loan programs: the 
Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program--formerly the Guaranteed 
Student Loan (GSL) program--and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan 
(Direct Loan) program. The President is committed to allowing individual 
institutions to choose which of these two programs best meets their 
needs and the needs of their students.

    This summary section outlines the structure of these two programs, 
highlights their differences and similarities, and provides text tables 
displaying program cost data; loan volume, subsidy, default, and 
interest rates; and other descriptive information. As part of his fiscal 
year 1998 budget, the President is proposing a number of changes for the 
Direct Loan and FFEL programs. These changes are discussed as part of 
this program description.

    From its inception in 1965 through 1996, the FFEL program has 
provided over $217 billion in loans to postsecondary students and their 
parents. Since beginning on July 1, 1994, the Direct Loan program has 
provided over $15 billion in loans to students and parents. Taken 
together, the FFEL and Direct Loan programs will make over $32 billion 
available in FY 1997. Because funding for these two programs is provided 
on a permanent indefinite basis, for budget purposes they are considered 
separately from other Federal student financial assistance programs. The 
FFEL and Direct Loan programs should be viewed in combination with these 
other programs, however, and with Perkins Loans in particular, as part 
of the overall Federal effort to ensure access to higher education.

    Loan capital in the FFEL program is provided by private lenders. 
State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies act as agents of the 
Federal government, providing a variety of services including payment of 
default claims, collection of some defaulted loans, default avoidance 
activities, and counseling to schools and students. These agencies also 
provide various other services to lenders. The Government provides 
substantial payments to these guaranty agencies. The Government also 
pays interest subsidies to lenders for certain borrowers, as well as 
most costs associated with loan defaults and other write-offs.

    The Direct Loan program was created by the Student Loan Reform Act 
(SLRA) of 1993. Under this program, the Federal Government provides loan 
funds to postsecondary institutions directly or through an alternative 
originator. Direct Loans offer a streamlined system that is simpler for 
student and parent borrowers, less prone to waste and abuse, and less 
expensive for the Federal taxpayer than the FFEL program. The program 
also offers flexible repayment options that allow borrowers to consider 
lower-paying careers, such as public service, without fear of default.

    The Direct Loan program began operation in academic year 1994-1995 
with 7 percent of overall loan volume. The program grew to 32 percent of 
overall volume in academic year 1995-1996, and is expected to account 
for 36 percent in academic year 1996-1997. All eligible institutions are 
free to participate in either the Direct Loan or FFEL program.

    The Direct Loan and FFEL programs share many basic elements. Each 
program offers four types of loans: Stafford, Unsubsidized Stafford, 
PLUS for parents, and Consolidation. Evidence of financial need is 
required for a student to receive a subsidized Stafford loan. The other 
three loan programs are available to borrowers at all income levels. 
Loans can be used only to meet qualified educational expenses.

    For new Stafford Loans, the interest rate equals the 91-day Treasury 
bill rate plus 2.5 percent during in-school, grace, and deferment 
periods, and the 91-day Treasury bill plus 3.1 percent at all other 
times, with a cap of 8.25 percent. These rates are adjusted annually. 
Interest payments for these loans are fully subsidized by the Government 
while a student is in school and during grace and deferment periods. 
Unsubsidized Stafford loans carry the same interest rate as Stafford 
loans, but have no interest subsidy. For PLUS loans, the interest rate 
equals the 52-week Treasury bill rate plus 3.1 percent, with a cap of 9 
percent and no interest subsidy.

    Beginning July 1, 1998, the interest rate for new Stafford and 
Unsubsidized Stafford loans will equal the Department's

[[Page 432]]

borrowing rate--currently the 10-20-year bond rate--plus 1 percentage 
point, with a cap of 8.25 percent. This rate, adjusted annually, will 
apply throughout the life of the loan. In order to standardize interest 
subsidy payments across the FFEL and Direct Loan programs and reduce 
interest paid by students on unsubsidized loans, the President is 
proposing that, beginning on October 1, 1998, the interest subsidy rate 
for new Stafford and interest rate for new Unsubsidized Stafford loans 
equal the Department's borrowing rate during in-school, grace, and 
deferment periods.

    Consolidation loans allow borrowers to combine loans made under 
Title IV of the Higher Education Act--FFEL, Direct Loans, and Perkins 
Loans--as well as some loans made under the Public Health Service Act. 
Under FFEL, the interest rate for loans made on or after July 1, 1994, 
equals the weighted average of the interest rate on the loans 
consolidated, rounded upward to the nearest whole percent. Lenders may 
choose to offer a lower rate.

    Direct Consolidation loans made up of underlying Stafford and 
Unsubsidized Stafford loans carry the variable Stafford interest rate; 
Direct Consolidation loan made up of underlying PLUS loans carry the 
variable PLUS interest rate. The President is proposing that interest 
rates for new FFEL Consolidation loans be calculated in the same way as 
is currently done for Direct Consolidation loans. The President is also 
proposing to allow borrowers whose FFEL Consolidation Loans include 
underlying Stafford Loans to maintain interest subsidy benefits 
associated with the Stafford portions of their loans. Direct 
Consolidation Loan borrowers already retain these benefits.

    Origination/insurance fees for each loan type are essentially the 
same across the two programs. Direct Loan borrowers are charged an 
origination fee equal to 4 percent of principal, which partially offsets 
Federal program operation costs. FFEL borrowers pay an origination fee 
to the Government equal to 3 percent of principal, and are also liable 
for a guaranty agency insurance premium of up to 1 percent of principal.

    Guaranty agencies have the option of waiving this premium. In 
addition, FFEL lenders have the option of paying some or all of a 
borrower's original fee for Stafford Loan borrowers. The President is 
proposing to eliminate the 1 percent guaranty agency insurance premium, 
reduce the Direct Loan origination fee from 4 percent to 3 percent, and 
further reduce fees for Stafford borrowers in both programs to 2 
percent. The President is also proposing that FFEL lenders be required 
to offer any benefits involving the partial or complete payment of 
borrower origination fees to all eligible borrowers.

    Loan limits are also identical across the two programs. The 
President has proposed a $15,000 annual limit on borrowing for an 
individual student under the PLUS loan program. (There is currently no 
limit on borrowing under this program.)

    In addition to these common elements, the Direct Loan and FFEL 
programs each have a number of unique provisions.

    Borrowers under Direct Loans may choose from among five repayment 
plans including income-contingent repayment (``pay-as-you-can''), under 
which annual repayment amounts vary based on the income of the borrower 
and the amount borrowed and payments can be made over 25 years. 
Borrowers may switch between repayment plans at any time. (Income-
contingent repayment is not available to Direct PLUS borrowers).

    The President is proposing to require FFEL lenders to offer four of 
these plans--standard, graduated, extended, and alternative--under the 
same terms and conditions available under Direct Loans. The President 
has determined that income-contingent repayment as offered through 
Direct Loans--under which the Department has access to income data 
provided by the Internal Revenue Service--would not be feasible for 
private lenders to administer. In addition, the President is proposing 
to clarify current law that loan amounts forgiven after 25 years under 
the income-contingent repayment plan are not treated as income for tax 
purposes.

    In the FFEL program, lenders may receive a quarterly interest 
subsidy, called a special allowance, from the Government to ensure a 
guaranteed rate of return on their loans. Special allowance payments 
vary by loan type, are determined quarterly, and are based on current 
borrower interest rates and market-yield formulas. For recent Stafford 
and Unsubsidized Stafford loans, for example, the Federal Government 
must pay lenders a special allowance if the average 91-day Treasury bill 
rate for a given quarter plus 3.1 percent--or 2.5 percent during in-
school, grace, or deferment periods--is higher than the current interest 
rate charged borrowers.

    The President is proposing to reset the interest rate for special 
allowance payments on new loans on an annual basis, as is done with 
borrower interest rates, rather than quarterly as is done under current 
law.

    The President is proposing a number of changes to address serious 
structural problems with the FFEL default prevention system. Under the 
current system, lenders are insured by the government against default 
loss on 98 percent of the principle and accrued interest on all FFEL 
loans. The President proposes increasing this 2-percent risk-sharing to 
5 percent. Supplemental pre-claims assistance payments to guaranty 
agencies, which have proven ineffective in achieving their intended goal 
of enhancing agency default prevention activities, would be eliminated. 
As a more effective means of accomplishing this goal, the President is 
proposing that lenders make payments to guaranty agencies only on 
delinquent loans that have been brought current as a result of guaranty 
agency efforts.

    Guaranty agencies currently retain 27 percent of all collections on 
defaulted loans, a portion of which covers agency collection costs. In 
order to standardize payments for default collection activities across 
the student loan programs, the President is proposing to reduce guaranty 
agency default retention to 18.5 percent of the amount collected, the 
amount paid on loans collected by the Department of Education.

    The President is proposing a number of changes in the guaranty 
agency system. The U.S. General Accounting Office and Federal courts 
have acknowledged that the Federal government is the actual guarantor of 
the loans. The State and non-profit intermediaries in the FFEL program 
act as agents of the Federal government; there are no non-Federal funds 
at risk. Guaranty agencies are not independent guarantors, but are in 
fact administrators of the Federal guarantee. The Administration 
proposes to end a system in which the guaranty agencies hold Federal 
funds from which they pay default claims. Instead, direct Federal 
payments will cover default claims. Guaranty agencies therefore no 
longer need to hold Federal funds in reserve, making possible the return 
of $2.5 billion in reserve funds over five years. In addition, the 
President is proposing to periodically recertify guaranty agency 
agreements, which will be revised to include specific, publicly released 
performance indicators. Among other things, these revised agreements 
will require that agencies be audited annually using a methodology that 
samples loans held in agency systems, and that guaranty agencies submit 
timely, accurate, and consistent data to the Department, including data 
for the National Student Loan Data System. The Secretary of Education 
will have the authority to terminate agreements based on agency 
performance, and to award contracts for services currently performed by 
guaranty agencies.

    In order to ensure the uninterrupted availability of aid funds for 
students and parents, Congress provided permanent

[[Page 433]]

funding to support student aid administration and expenses. These funds 
support Department personnel and contractors for Direct Loan origination 
and servicing, payments to guaranty agencies, as well as certain costs 
associated with activities common to Direct Loans, FFEL and other 
student assistance programs, such as application printing and 
processing. The President believes that the current services level of 
this permanent appropriation could be reduced. Discretionary funds 
requested for the FFEL program support additional Department personnel 
and administrative activities associated with operating the program.

    Performance indicators are being developed on a broad spectrum of 
policy objectives in both the Direct Loan and FFEL programs. These 
indicators will measure program efficiency, Federal costs, and financial 
management, as well as borrower and institutional satisfaction.

    The following tables display performance indicators and program 
data; including projected overall Direct Loan and FFEL costs; loan 
volume, number of loans, and average loan amount; descriptive data, and 
program activity under the President's budget and legislative request.

                  Funding Levels (In thousands of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Budget Authority:
FFEL:
  Liquidating \1\.......................   1,152,916    (14,544)   (493,553)
  Program \2\...........................   2,937,780   2,631,163   2,068,274
  Reestimate of Prior Year Cost \2\.....     595,000 (2,530,592)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, FFEL \2\..................   4,685,696      86,027   1,574,721
Direct Loans:
  Program \2\...........................     248,230     437,338     756,105
  Reestimate of Prior Year Cost \2\.....       2,698   (303,653)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Direct Loans \2\..........     250,928     133,685     756,105
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................      13,305      29,950       9,667
  Direct Loans..........................     (7,208)    (24,692)     (4,760)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Consolidation Loans.......       6,097       5,258       4,907
Administration:
  FFEL \3\..............................      29,977      46,482      47,688
  Student Aid \4\.......................     435,652     491,000     532,000
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Administration............     465,629     537,482     579,688
  Total, FFEL and Direct Loans..........   5,408,350     762,452   2,915,421
Outlays:
FFEL:
  Liquidating \1\.......................     615,609       7,266   (413,615)
  Program \2\...........................   2,398,610   2,483,035   2,078,153
  Reestimate of Prior Year Costs \2\....     595,000 (2,530,592)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, FFEL \2\..................   3,609,219    (40,291)   1,664,538
Direct Loans:
  Program \2\...........................     212,165     326,939     586,154
  Reestimate of Prior Year Costs \2\....       2,698   (303,653)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Direct Loans \2\..........     214,863      23,286     586,154
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................      13,207      29,613       9,560
  Direct Loans..........................    (14,771)    (23,839)     (4,696)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Consolidation Loans.......     (1,564)       5,774       4,864
Administration:
  FFEL \3\..............................      41,530      41,264      45,812
  Student Aid \4\.......................     394,669     413,650     489,096
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Administration............     436,199     454,922     534,908
  Total, FFEL and Direct Loans..........   4,258,717     443,691   2,790,464
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Liquidating account reflects loans made prior to 1992. FY 1997 and 
1998 estimates reflect net transfers to the general account.
    \2\ Because these figures do not include totals for consolidation loans, 
they do not correspond with totals shown in account-specific schedules.
    \3\ Reflects annual discretionary appropriation.
    \4\ Supports administrative expense allowance payments to FFEL guaranty 
agencies, as well as a range of administrative activities, such as 
application printing, mailing, and processing, that are common to all 
Federal student financial assistance programs.

   Summary of Loans Available (net commitments in millions of dollars) \1\

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FFEL:
  Stafford..............................       9,792       9,880       9,642
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       5,489       5,540       5,531
  PLUS..................................       1,430       1,545       1,600
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Total, FFEL.......................      16,711      16,965      16,774
Direct Loans:
  Stafford..............................       5,028       5,830       6,958
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       2,529       3,083       3,765
  PLUS..................................         799       1,025       1,314
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Total, Direct Loans.................       8,357       9,938      12,037
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................       4,266       4,214       4,389
  Direct Loans..........................         803       2,589       3,340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Consolidation Loans.......       5,069       6,803       7,729
    Total, All Loans....................      30,137      33,706      36,540
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Net commitments equal gross commitments minus loan cancellations.

                       Number of Loans (In thousands)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FFEL:
  Stafford..............................       2,871       2,693       2,524
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       1,525       1,450       1,380
  PLUS..................................         247         240         232
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Total, FFEL.........................       4,643       4,383       4,136
Direct Loans:
  Stafford..............................       1,551       1,823       2,150
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................         775         951       1,137
  PLUS..................................         142         185         230
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Total, Direct Loans.................       2,468       2,959       3,516
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................         281         305         308
  Direct Loans..........................          83         215         290
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Consolidation Loans.......         364         520         598
    Total, All Loans....................       7,476       7,862       8,250
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    Average Loan Size (in whole dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FFEL:
  Stafford..............................       3,411       3,669       3,820
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       3,598       3,821       4,009
  PLUS..................................       5,788       6,437       6,909
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Weighted Average, FFEL............       3,599       3,871       4,056
Direct Loans:
  Stafford..............................       3,242       3,198       3,236
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       3,262       3,242       3,312
  PLUS..................................       5,823       5,534       5,726
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Weighted Average, Direct Loans....       3,388       3,359       3,423
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................      15,180      13,816      14,250
  Direct Loans..........................       9,716      12,042      11,517
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Subtotal, Consolidation Loans.......      13,923      13,083      12,925
      Weighted Average, All Loans.......       4,031       4,287       4,429
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                     Composition of Consolidation Loans

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net commitments (in millions of 
    dollars):
FFEL:
  Standard consolidations...............       3,815       3,784       3,940
  Consolidations from Default...........         451         430         449
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Subtotal, FFEL....................       4,266       4,214       4,389
Direct Loans:
  Standard consolidations...............         513       2,270       2,989
  Consolidations from Default...........         290         319         351
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Subtotal, Direct Loans............         803       2,589       3,340
Total:
  Standard consolidations...............       4,328       6,054       6,929

[[Page 434]]

  Consolidations from Default...........         741         749         806
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Total, Consolidated Loans.........       5,069       6,803       7,729
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Summary of Subsidy Rates, Default Rates, Interest Rates, and Discount Rates

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsidy Rates (in percent) \1\
FFEL:
  Stafford..............................       19.55       19.38       15.10
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................        7.56        7.47        6.63
  PLUS..................................        3.83        3.70        3.32
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, FFEL..............       14.22       14.01       11.15
Direct Loans:
  Stafford..............................       14.25       13.39       14.65
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       -8.98       -9.77       -6.43
  PLUS..................................       -6.53       -6.62       -5.84
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, Direct Loans......        5.00        3.92        5.58
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................        0.78        0.70        0.22
  Direct Loans..........................        0.27       -0.94       -0.14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, Consolidation 
      Loans.............................        0.70        0.08        0.06
Default Rates (in percent) \2\..........
FFEL:
  Stafford..............................       18.00       17.70       17.67
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       17.55       17.22       17.19
  PLUS..................................        9.56        9.28        9.16
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, FFEL..............       17.13       16.78       16.70
Direct Loans:
  Stafford..............................       17.22       17.46       17.32
  Unsubsidized Stafford.................       16.76       17.06       17.02
  PLUS..................................        8.51        8.69        8.68
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, Direct Loans......       16.25       16.43       16.28
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL..................................       10.50       10.50       10.50
  Direct Loans..........................       10.50       10.50       10.50
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
    Weighted Average, Consolidation 
      Loans.............................       10.50       10.50       10.50
Borrower Interest Rates (in percent)....
FFEL:
  Stafford\3\...........................        8.25        8.21        7.11
  Unsubsidized Stafford\3\..............        8.25        8.21        7.11
  PLUS\3\...............................        8.60        8.62        8.21
Direct Loans
  Stafford\3\...........................        8.25        8.21        7.11
  Unsubsidized Stafford\3\..............        8.25        8.21        7.11
  PLUS\3\...............................        8.60        8.62        8.21
Consolidation Loans:
  FFEL\4\...............................
  Direct Loans \4\......................
Federal Borrowing Rate for Direct Loans 
    (in percent)........................        6.64        6.35        6.11
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Subsidy rates represent the Federal portion of non-administrative 
costs--principally interest subsidies and defaults--associated with each 
borrowed dollar. For example, a $1,000 loan with Federal subsidy costs of 
$100 would have a subsidy rate of 10 percent.
    \2\ Default rates displayed in this table, which reflect projected 
defaults over the life of a loan cohort, are used in developing program cost 
estimates. The Department uses other rates based on defaults occurring in 
the first two years of repayment to determine institutional eligibility to 
participate in Federal loan programs. These three-year rates tend to be 
lower than those included in this table.
    \3\ Rates shown for FY 1998 are those in effect beginning July 1, 1998.
    \4\ Under current law, interest rates under the FFEL Consolidation Loan 
program reflect a weighted average of the rates of the loans consolidated, 
rounded upward to the nearest whole percentage. For the Direct Loan 
Consolidation program, loans consolidated from the Stafford and Unsubsidized 
Stafford Loan program are charged the Stafford Loan interest rate. Loans 
consolidated from the PLUS Loan program are charged the PLUS interest rate.

        Composition of Default Collections (In thousands of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FFEL:
  Collections by Guaranty Agencies \1\.. (1,291,999) (1,027,653) (1,078,173)
  Collections by Department of Education   (808,253)   (642,883)   (674,487)
  Internal Revenue Service Tax Refund 
    Offsets.............................   (513,785)   (408,663)   (428,753)
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Total, FFEL\2\.................... (2,614,036) (2,079,199) (2,181,414)
Direct Loans:
  Collections by Department of Education          28       2,190       7,292
  Internal Revenue Service Tax Refund 
    Offsets.............................
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Total, Direct Loans \2\...........          28       2,190       7,292
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
Total, FFEL and Direct Loans............ (2,614,008) (2,077,009) (2,174,122)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ These figures show total collections by guaranty agencies. Actual 
Federal revenues resulting from these collections are lower than the amount 
shown because agencies retain 27 percent of the amount collected.
    \2\ These figures include collections on Consolidations Loans, which 
have very low default rates. For FY 1996, Consolidation Loan-related 
collections totaled $26,555,135 for FFEL and $4,437 for Direct Loans.

  Projected Participation in Repayment Plans \1\ (in thousands of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 cohort 1997 cohort 1998 cohort
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    FFEL:\1\
      Standard:

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................      100.00      100.00       64.88
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........      100.00      100.00       64.88
          PLUS..........................      100.00      100.00       80.68
          Consolidation.................      100.00      100.00       69.59
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................       19.55       19.38       15.33
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........        7.56        7.47        7.04
          PLUS..........................        3.83        3.70        3.54
          Consolidation.................        0.78        0.70        0.30
      Graduated:\3\

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................                               28.73
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........                               28.73
          PLUS..........................                               14.00
          Consolidation.................                               17.38
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................                               14.66
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........                                5.85
          PLUS..........................                                2.38
          Consolidation.................                                0.04
      Extended:\3\

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................                                6.39
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........                                6.39
          PLUS..........................                                5.32
          Consolidation.................                               13.03
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................                               14.70
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........                                6.01
          PLUS..........................                                2.41
          Consolidation.................                                0.06
    Direct Loan:\3\
      Standard:

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................       57.79       57.79       57.79
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........       57.79       57.79       57.79
          PLUS..........................       80.68       80.68       80.68
          Consolidation.................       18.62       18.62       18.62
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................       15.37       14.92       16.30
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........       -9.45       -9.90       -6.32
          PLUS..........................       -5.79       -5.77       -4.97
          Consilidation.................        2.10        1.79        4.57
      Graduated:\3\

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................       28.73       28.73       28.73
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........       28.73       28.73       28.73
          PLUS..........................       14.00       14.00       14.00
          Consolidation.................       17.38       17.38       17.38
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................       13.12       11.86       13.47
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........      -12.21      -13.22       -9.20
          PLUS..........................       -9.92      -10.52       -9.79
          Consolidation.................       -0.35       -1.09        2.99
      Extended:\3\

        Percent of Loan Volume:\3\
          Stafford......................        6.39        6.39        6.39
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........        6.39        6.39        6.39
          PLUS..........................        5.32        5.32        5.32
          Consolidation.................       13.03       13.03       13.03
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................       13.57       12.41       14.03
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........      -11.54      -12.40       -8.55
          PLUS..........................       -8.86       -9.30       -8.55
          Consolidation.................        0.33       -0.28        3.31
      Income-Contingent:

        Percent of Loan Volume:\2\
          Stafford......................        7.09        7.09        7.09
          Unsubsidized Stafford.........        7.09        7.09        7.09
          Consolidation.................       50.97       50.97       50.97
        Subsidy Rate (in percent):\3\
          Stafford......................       10.26        7.96        6.62

[[Page 435]]

          Unsubsidized Stafford.........       10.18        7.71        5.80
          Consolidation.................       -0.21       -2.06       -3.81
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ No data is included for the Alternative repayment plan under either 
FFEL or Direct Loans. Borrowers are not expected to participate in this plan 
due to the flexibility available under the other options. For FFEL, no data 
is included for income-sensitive repayment. This option, which has been 
available for a number of years, has never made up more than a tiny portion 
of overall loan volume. For Direct Loans, income-contingent repayment is not 
available for PLUS borrowers.
    \2\ Percent of Loan Volume represents aggregate data. Individual 
borrowers may move between plans over time.
    \3\ Maximum terms under the Extended and Graduated repayment plans 
reflect the following ``classes'' based on borrowers debt levels.
                    Debt Level      Maximum Term 
                                     (in years)  Percent of 
                                                   Volume 
                                                   Within 
                                                  Affected 
                                                    Plans          
               Below $10,000........          12       57.57            
               $10,000-$20,000......          15       24.28            
               $20,000-$40,000......          20       14.56            
               $40,000-$60,000......          25        2.22            
               Above $60,000........          30        1.37            

    Subsidy costs for the FFEL and Direct Loan programs are estimated in 
accordance with procedures set out in the Credit Reform Act of 1990. 
Subsidy costs for each loan type are estimated separately and, because 
costs can vary widely within a program depending on the characteristics 
of the individual borrower, cost estimates are aggregated from data for 
homogeneous groups within risk categories.

    Risk categories for Stafford and Unsubsidized Stafford Loans are 
based on the type of school attended by the borrower. Since PLUS loan 
borrowers are all parents, they are assumed to share similar risk 
profiles and are grouped together in a single category. For 
Consolidation Loans, risk categories distinguish between standard 
Consolidation Loans--in which borrowers in repayment consolidate a 
number of outstanding loans--and loans consolidated out of default.

    Default rates are a major cause of differences in subsidy between 
risk categories. The default rates in the following tables reflect 
estimates of the percent of borrowers who will default over the lifetime 
of the loans. These estimates are revised annually based on an analysis 
of default trends prepared each year by an independent auditor. Within 
each risk group, it is assumed that borrowers choosing similar repayment 
plans will have similar default rates, regardless of whether they borrow 
under the FFEL or Direct Loan program.

    The risk group data below also reflect proposed policy changes and 
interest rate projections in the President's 1998 Budget. These factors 
substantially decrease subsidy rates across years in the FFEL program. 
Subsidy rates in the Direct Loan program increase over the same period, 
primarily due to proposals to reduce borrower origination fees.

                  FFEL RISK CATEGORIES: STAFFORD LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       25.68       25.25       20.39
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       16.17       15.77       13.08
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................        22.9       22.51       20.36
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       21.25       21.01       20.12
  Category 5: Graduate students.....        16.9       16.53       12.94

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       21.49       21.14        21.1
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       15.23       15.24       15.35
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       31.18       31.11       31.12
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       37.75       37.72       37.67
  Category 5: Graduate students.....       10.37       10.38       10.39

                       UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       10.29       10.09        9.93
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........        6.73        6.69        6.66
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................        15.6       15.46       15.35
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       18.59        18.5        18.3
  Category 5: Graduate students.....        2.86         2.8        2.81

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       21.87       21.41       21.44
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       15.37       15.36       15.47
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       30.96       30.85       30.87
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................        37.5       37.48       37.45
  Category 5: Graduate students.....       10.31       10.29       10.31

                               PLUS LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
  All PLUS Loans....................        3.83         3.7        3.32

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

  All PLUS Loans....................        9.56        9.28        9.16

               DIRECT LOAN RISK CATEGORIES: STAFFORD LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       20.51       19.27       21.06
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       11.33       10.33       12.63
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       18.91       18.16       20.39
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       18.24       17.62       20.05
  Category 5: Graduate students.....       11.63       10.52       12.63

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       22.47       22.49        22.2
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       15.12       15.18        15.1
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       31.59       31.62       31.55
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       37.66       37.76        37.8
  Category 5: Graduate students.....       10.37       10.36       10.32

                       UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........        -6.8       -7.82       -4.01
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........       -8.86        -9.7       -6.05
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       -0.98       -1.49        2.03
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................         2.9        2.35         5.6
  Category 5: Graduate students.....      -12.77      -13.76       -9.92

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Risk Categories:
  Category 1: 4 year college, 1st 
    and 2nd year students...........       22.44       22.58       22.43
  Category 2: 4 year college, 3rd 
    and 4th year students...........        15.2        15.3       15.23
  Category 3: 2 year college, all 
    students........................       31.17       31.37       31.32
  Category 4: Proprietary school, 
    all students....................       37.45       37.52       37.58
  Category 5: Graduate students.....       10.23       10.29       10.26

                               PLUS LOANS

           Subsidy Rate (as a percentage of loan commitments)

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
  All PLUS Loans....................       -6.53       -6.62       -5.84

                    Gross Default Rates (in percent)

  All PLUS Loans....................        8.51        8.69        8.68

       Summary of Program Costs and Offsets (In thousands of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest subsidy costs:
  FFEL:
    Interest benefits...................   2,522,360   1,974,346   1,710,834
    Special allowance...................     380,186     101,295      47,609
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
      Total FFEL........................   2,902,546   2,075,641   1,758,443
    Direct Loans \1\....................     396,626     641,753     918,899
Default costs and offsets:
  Default costs:\2\
    FFEL................................   2,573,669   2,874,541   3,006,268

[[Page 436]]

    Direct Loans........................       4,743      23,254      74,230
  Gross default collections:
    FFEL................................  -2,614,037  -2,079,199  -2,181,415
    Direct Loans........................        (28)     (2,190)     (7,292)
  Default collection costs:
    FFEL:
      Contract collection costs.........     145,148     104,021     101,499
      Guaranty agency retention.........     348,840     277,466     291,107
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
        Total, FFEL collect costs.......     493,988     381,487     392,606
    Direct Loans:
      Collection costs \3\..............           0          91         302
  Net default costs:\4\
    FFEL................................     453,620   1,176,829   1,217,459
    Direct Loans........................       4,715      21,155      67,240
Death, disability, and bankruptcy costs:
    FFEL................................     222,890     261,603     260,072
    Direct Loans........................       2,679      18,798      39,337
Other write-offs 5,6...............      28,841      50,037        n.a.
Administrative Costs:
  Federal administration:
    FFEL................................      30,066      46,482      47,688
      Student Aid \7\...................     436,000     491,000     532,000
  Guaranty agency administrative 
      payments:
    Student Aid Management \8\..........     167,040     152,752     152,143
  Supplemental preclaims assistance \5\.      43,002      22,501       7,165
  Payments for origination services \9\.      14,501       7,052       9,539
Fees:
  Borrower origination fees:
    FFEL................................    -583,428    -502,018    -505,558
    Direct Loans........................    -317,550    -375,543    -447,727
    Lender origination fee \5\..........   (105,366)   (104,740)   (106,205)
    Sallie Mae offset fee \5\...........    (53,043)    (27,900)    (41,292)
    Consolidated loan holder fees \5\...    (64,301)   (129,130)   (162,128)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ This represents net interest costs associated with Direct Loans.
    \2\ Default costs under FFEL reflect claims paid to guaranty agencies. 
Default costs under Direct Loans reflect non-repayment of defaulted loans.
    \3\ In the budget schedules, Direct Loan collections are displayed net 
of collection costs.
    \4\ Net default costs equal default claims minus net collections (gross 
collections minus contract collection costs and guaranty agency retention).
    \5\ Applies to FFEL program only.
    \6\ Includes repayment of agency advances, elimination of excess agency 
reserves, through direct payments to the Government and reduced reinsurance 
payments to the agencies, and purchase of rehabilitated loans by the 
agencies.
    \7\ Supports a number of expenses related to the management of the 
student assistance programs. The largest of these, administrative expense 
allowances to guaranty agencies, is shown as a separate line.
    \8\ Administrative Expense Allowances paid from Student Loan 
administrative funds.
    \9\ Applies to Direct Loans only. These payments are made to Department 
contractors that provide alternative organization services. They are not 
made to institutions participating in the Direct Loan program.

                          Guaranty Agency Reserve Fund Levels (in millions of dollars)                          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1991          1992          1993         1994         1995       1996 \1\      1997 \2\      1998 \1\, \2\  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
526.........         904        1,110        1,413        1,767         1,900         2,100           1,660     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Estimated.                                                                                                  
\2\ Assumes $731 million returned to the Federal government.                                                    

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Personnel compensation:

11.1    Full-time permanent.............          23          26          26
11.3    Other than full-time permanent..           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
11.9      Total personnel compensation..          24          27          27
12.1  Civilian personnel benefits.......           5           6           7
21.0  Travel and transportation of 
        persons.........................           2           3           6
23.1  Rental payments to GSA............           5           5           9
23.3  Communications, utilities, and 
        miscellaneous charges...........          14          14          29
24.0  Printing and reproduction.........           7           7          16
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           4           2           4
25.2  Other services....................           3          10          18
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           5           5           8
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................         184         257         478
26.0  Supplies and materials............                       1           1
31.0  Equipment.........................           1           1           2
32.0  Land and structures...............           1           1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................         420         565         790
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         675         904       1,395
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......         481         520         520
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-4-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
02.01 Direct loan subsidy...............                                 106
07.09 Student loan administrative 
        expenses........................                                -218
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............                                -112
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                                -112
23.95 New obligations...................                                 112
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.00 Appropriation.....................                                -218
60.05 Appropriation (indefinite)........                                 106
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
63.00   Appropriation (total)...........                                -112
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................                                -112
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation
73.10 New obligations...................                                -112
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                  56
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                 -56
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................                                 -56
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                                -112
90.00 Outlays...........................                                 -56
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A description of the Administration's proposed legislation to modify 
the Direct Loan program is included under the Federal Direct Loan 
program account.

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in 
                            millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-4-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
1320  Stafford..........................                                1.00
1320  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                                0.50
1320  PLUS..............................                                0.50
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1329    Weighted average subsidy rate...                                0.63
    Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
1330  Stafford..........................                                  77
1330  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                                  21
1330  PLUS..............................                                   8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1339    Total subsidy budget authority..                                 106
    Direct loan subsidy outlays:
1340  Stafford..........................                                  41
1340  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                                  12
1340  PLUS..............................                                   4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1349    Total subsidy outlays...........                                  57
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Student loan administrative expense data:
3510  Budget authority..................                                -218
3590  Outlays...........................                                -113
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 437]]



               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0243-4-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
21.0  Travel and transportation of 
        persons.........................                                  -3
23.1  Rental payments to GSA............                                  -4
23.3  Communications, utilities, and 
        miscellaneous charges...........                                 -13
24.0  Printing and reproduction.........                                  -8
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..                                  -2
25.2  Other services....................                                  -8
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........                                  -3
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................                                -175
26.0  Supplies and materials............                                  -1
31.0  Equipment.........................                                  -1
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................                                 106
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............                                -112
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

         Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Financing Account

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4253-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Direct loans:

01.01   Stafford........................       5,101       5,830       6,958
01.02   Unsubsidized Stafford...........       2,557       3,083       3,765
01.03   PLUS............................         771       1,025       1,314
01.04   Consolidated....................         832       2,589       3,340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, direct loans 
            obligations.................       9,261      12,527      15,377
      Payment of origination services:

02.01   Stafford........................           7           1           1
02.02   Unsubsidized Stafford...........           4
02.03   PLUS............................           1
02.04   Consolidated....................           3           6           9
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91   Subtotal, Payment of origination 
          services......................          15           7          10
04.01 Interest payment to Treasury......         750       1,035       1,717
05.01 Payment of downward reestimate to 
        program account.................                     304
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............      10,026      13,873      17,104
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................                      24          24
22.00 New financing authority (gross)...       9,507      13,570      17,104
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................       1,825         304
22.70 Balance of authority to borrow 
        withdrawn.......................      -1,282
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......      10,050      13,898      17,128
23.95 New obligations...................     -10,026     -13,873     -17,104
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....          24          24          24
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New financing authority (gross), detail:
67.15 Authority to borrow (indefinite)..       9,024      12,140      14,775
      Spending authority from offsetting 
          collections:

68.00   Offsetting collections (cash)...       1,286       1,667       2,989
68.47   Portion applied to debt 
          reduction.....................        -803        -237        -660
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
68.90     Spending authority from 
            offsetting collections 
            (total).....................         483       1,430       2,329
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new financing authority 
          (gross).......................       9,507      13,570      17,104
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.90 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Unpaid 
        obligations.....................       4,545       2,921       3,890
73.10 New obligations...................      10,026      13,873      17,104
73.20 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................      -9,824     -12,600     -16,260
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.      -1,825        -304
74.90 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Unpaid 
        obligations.....................       2,921       3,890       4,734
87.00 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................       9,824      12,600      16,260
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross financing authority and 
          financing disbursements:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Federal sources:
            Payments from subsidy 
              account:

88.00         Stafford..................        -638        -780        -950
88.00         Unsubsidized Stafford.....         332         301         261
88.00         PLUS......................          62          68          83
88.00         Consolidated..............           7          24           5
88.00         Volume Reestimate.........          -3
88.25     Interest on uninvested funds..        -402
          Non-Federal sources:
            Stafford loans:

88.40         Repayment of principal, 
                Stafford................         -84        -109        -256
88.40         Interest received on 
                loans, Stafford.........          -9        -158        -367
88.40         Fees, Stafford............        -188        -221        -259
88.40         Recoveries of defaults, 
                Stafford................                      -1          -4
            Unsubsidized Stafford loans:

88.40         Repayment of principal, 
                Unsubsidized Stafford...         -51         -57        -146
88.40         Interest received on 
                loans, Unsubsidized 
                Stafford................         -32         -83        -206
88.40         Fees, Unsubsidized 
                Stafford................         -94        -116        -140
88.40         Recoveries of defaults, 
                Unsubsidized Stafford...                      -1          -2
            PLUS loans:

88.40         Repayment of principal, 
                PLUS....................         -57        -123        -214
88.40         Interest received on 
                loans, PLUS.............         -45        -137        -218
88.40         Fees, PLUS................         -35         -38         -48
88.40         Recoveries of defaults, 
                PLUS....................                                  -1
            Consolidated:

88.40         Payment of Principal, 
                Consolidated............         -22         -82        -194
88.40         Interest received on 
                loans, Consolidated.....         -27        -154        -332
88.40         Recoveries of defaults, 
                Consolidated............                                  -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........      -1,286      -1,667      -2,989
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net financing authority and financing 
        disbursements:
89.00 Financing authority...............       8,221      11,903      14,115
90.00 Financing disbursements...........       8,538      10,933      13,271
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4253-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
          STAFFORD
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on obligations:
1111  Limitation on direct loans........
1131  Direct loan obligations exempt 
        from limitation.................       5,101       5,830       6,958
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1150    Total direct loan obligations...       5,101       5,830       6,958
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........       1,515       6,317      11,753
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................       4,901       5,549       6,500
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -84        -109        -261
1261  Adjustments: Capitalized interest.           2
      Write-offs for default:

1263    Direct loans....................
1264    Other adjustments, net..........         -17          -4         -10
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........       6,317      11,753      17,982
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on obligations:
1131  Direct loan obligations exempt 
        from limitation.................       2,558       3,083       3,765
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1150    Total direct loan obligations...       2,558       3,083       3,765
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         666       3,063       5,900
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................       2,459       2,897       3,496
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -51         -57        -147
1261  Adjustments: Capitalized interest.          14
      Write-offs for default:

1263    Direct loans....................
1264    Other adjustments, net..........         -25          -3          -8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........       3,063       5,900       9,241
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PLUS
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on obligations:
1131  Direct loan obligations exempt 
        from limitation.................         771       1,025       1,314
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1150    Total direct loan obligations...         771       1,025       1,314
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         216         865       1,676
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................         707         943       1,197
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -57        -124        -215

[[Page 438]]

      Write-offs for default:

1263    Direct loans....................
1264    Other adjustments, net..........          -1          -8         -14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........         865       1,676       2,644
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          CONSOLIDATED
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on obligations:
1131  Direct loan obligations exempt 
        from limitation.................         832       2,589       3,340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1150    Total direct loan obligations...         832       2,589       3,340
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         296       1,320       3,824
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................       1,033       2,589       3,340
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -22         -82        -194
1261  Adjustments: Capitalized interest.          13
      Write-offs for default:

1263    Direct loans....................
1264    Other adjustments, net..........                      -3          -8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........       1,320       3,824       6,962
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code   91-4253-0-3-502    1995 actual    1996 actual     1997 est.      1998 est.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ASSETS:
1101  Federal assets: Fund balances with 
        Treasury........................       4,913          2,921         3,890          4,733
      Net value of assets related to 
          post-1991 direct loans 
          receivable:

        Direct loans receivable, gross:
1401      Stafford......................       1,558          6,310        11,725         17,882
1401      Unsubsidized Stafford.........         708          3,044         5,885          9,192
1401      PLUS..........................         225            861         1,662          2,607
1401      Consolidated..................         310          1,304         3,817          6,945
        Interest receivable:
1402      Interest receivable, Stafford.                          5             6              7
1402      Interest receivable, Unsub 
            Stafford....................                        114           138            167
1402      Interest receivable, PLUS.....                          8            10             14
1402      Interest receivable, 
            Consolidated................                         25            73             94
1405    Allowance for subsidy cost (-)..        -553           -655          -764         -1,404
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1499      Net present value of assets 
            related to direct loans.....       2,248         11,016        22,552         35,504
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1999    Total assets....................       7,161         13,937        26,442         40,237
    LIABILITIES:
2103  Federal liabilities: Debt.........       6,793         12,220        24,413         38,457
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
2999    Total liabilities...............       6,793         12,220        24,413         38,457
    NET POSITION:
3100  Appropriated capital..............         368          1,717         2,029          1,780
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
3999    Total net position..............         368          1,717         2,029          1,780
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
4999  Total liabilities and net position       7,161         13,937        26,442         40,237
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this non-
budgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government 
resulting from Direct Loans. The amounts in this account are a means of 
financing and are not included in the budget totals.

          Federal Direct Student Loan Program Financing Account

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4253-4-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
04.01 Interest payment to Treasury......                                  -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............                                  -3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New financing authority (gross)...                                  -3
23.95 New obligations...................                                   3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New financing authority (gross), detail:
67.15 Authority to borrow (indefinite)..                                 -95
      Spending authority from offsetting 
          collections:

68.00   Offsetting collections (cash)...                                  95
68.47   Portion applied to debt 
          reduction.....................                                  -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
68.90     Spending authority from 
            offsetting collections 
            (total).....................                                  92
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new financing authority 
          (gross).......................                                  -3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
73.10 New obligations...................                                  -3
73.20 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................                                   3
87.00 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................                                  -3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross financing authority and 
          financing disbursements:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Federal sources:
            Payments from subsidy 
              account:

88.00         Stafford..................                                 -70
88.00         Unsubsidized Stafford.....                                 -19
88.00         PLUS......................                                  -6
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........                                 -95
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net financing authority and financing 
        disbursements:
89.00 Financing authority...............                                 -98
90.00 Financing disbursements...........                                 -98
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code   91-4253-4-3-502    1995 actual    1996 actual     1997 est.      1998 est.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ASSETS:
      Net value of assets related to 
          post-1991 direct loans 
          receivable:

1405    Allowance for subsidy cost (-)..                                                     -95
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1499      Net present value of assets 
            related to direct loans.....                                                     -95
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1999    Total assets....................                                                     -95
    LIABILITIES:
2103  Federal liabilities: Debt.........                                                     -98
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
2999    Total liabilities...............                                                     -98
    NET POSITION:
3100  Appropriated capital..............                                                       3
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
3999    Total net position..............                                                       3
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
4999  Total liabilities and net position                                                     -95
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

              Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

    For Federal administrative expenses to carry out guaranteed student 
loans authorized by title IV, part B, of the Higher Education Act, as 
amended, [$46,572,000] $47,988,000. (Department of Education 
Appropriations Act, 1997.)
    Note.--The following tables display the program account which 
includes the subsidy costs and administrative expenses associated with 
guaranteed student loan commitments beginning in 1992.

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Guaranteed loan subsidy:

02.01   Stafford........................       2,244       2,106       1,992
02.02   Unsubsidized Stafford...........         391         461         448
02.03   PLUS............................          44          64          66
02.05   Consolidated....................          13          30          33
02.07   Upward reestimate (92 cohort)...         971         521
02.08   Interest on reestimate..........          72          43
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91     Subtotal, subsidy cost........       3,735       3,225       2,539

[[Page 439]]

      Administrative expenses:

07.01   Administrative expenses due to 
          limitations...................          30          46          48
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       3,765       3,271       2,587
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       4,024       3,271       2,587
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................         206
22.40 Capital transfer to general fund..        -465
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       3,765       3,271       2,587
23.95 New obligations...................      -3,765      -3,271      -2,587
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation (Federal 
          Administration)...............          30          46          48
      Permanent:

60.05   Appropriation (indefinite)......       3,546         471       2,539
68.00   Spending authority from 
          offsetting collections: 
          Offsetting collections (cash).         448       2,754
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       4,024       3,271       2,587
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,002       1,065       1,219
73.10 New obligations...................       3,765       3,271       2,587
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -3,496      -3,117      -2,395
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.        -206
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation       1,065       1,219       1,411
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          25          31          34
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....          16          10          10
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................       2,694       2,754       1,407
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...         761         322         944
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       3,496       3,117       2,395
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........        -448      -2,754
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       3,576         517       2,587
90.00 Outlays...........................       3,048         363       2,395
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays

                        [In millions of dollars]

                                     1996 actual  1997 est.   1998 est.
Enacted/requested:
  Budget Authority..................       3,576         517       2,587
  Outlays...........................       3,048         363       2,395
Legislative proposal, subject to 
    PAYGO:
  Budget Authority..................                    -340        -461
  Outlays...........................                    -340        -263
                                    ------------------------------------
Total:
  Budget Authority..................       3,576         177       2,126
  Outlays...........................       3,048          23       2,132
                                    ====================================

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in 
                            millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Guaranteed loan levels supportable by subsidy 
                budget authority:
2150  Stafford..........................      10,557      10,863      10,596
2150  Unsubsidized Stafford.............       6,103       6,176       6,162
2150  PLUS..............................       1,591       1,737       1,799
2150  Consolidated......................       4,061       4,262       4,438
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2159    Total loan guarantee levels.....      22,312      23,038      22,995
    Guaranteed loan subsidy (in percent):
2320  Stafford..........................       23.26       19.38       18.80
2320  Unsubsidized Stafford.............        7.09        7.47        7.27
2320  PLUS..............................        3.14        3.70        3.65
2320  Consolidated......................        0.33        0.70        0.75
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2329    Weighted average subsidy rate...       13.23       11.55       11.04
    Guaranteed loan subsidy budget authority:
2330  Stafford..........................       2,455       2,106       1,992
2330  Unsubsidized Stafford.............         433         461         448
2330  PLUS..............................          50          64          66
2330  Consolidated......................          13          30          33
2330  Upward reestimate.................       1,043         564
2330  Downward reestimate...............        -448      -2,754
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2339    Total subsidy budget authority..       3,546         471       2,539
    Guaranteed loan subsidy outlays:
2340  Stafford..........................       2,055       2,030       1,853
2340  Unsubsidized Stafford.............         311         401         407
2340  PLUS..............................          33          51          58
2340  Consolidated......................          13          30          33
2340  Upward reestimate.................       1,043         564
2340  Downward reestimate...............        -448      -2,754
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2349    Total subsidy outlays...........       3,007         322       2,351
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Administrative expense data:
3510  Budget authority..................          30          46          48
3590  Outlays...........................          41          41          44
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this program 
account records for this program the subsidy costs associated with 
Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), formerly guaranteed student loans 
(GSL), committed in 1992 and beyond, as well as certain administrative 
expenses of the program. Administrative expenses include discretionary 
expenses for salaries, expenses and overhead of employees working 
directly on the program. Beginning with the 1993 cohort, mandatory 
administrative costs, specifically contract collection costs and 
supplemental pre-claims assistance, are included in the FFEL subsidy 
estimates of each year's cohort. The subsidy amounts are estimated on a 
net present value basis.

    A description of the FFEL program and accompanying tables are 
included under the Federal Direct Student Loan program account.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Personnel compensation:

11.1    Full-time permanent.............          15          18          19
11.3    Other than full-time permanent..           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
11.9      Total personnel compensation..          16          18          19
12.1  Civilian personnel benefits.......           3           4           4
21.0  Travel and transportation of 
        persons.........................           1           1           1
23.1  Rental payments to GSA............           2           2           2
23.3  Communications, utilities, and 
        miscellaneous charges...........           1           5           1
24.0  Printing and reproduction.........           1           1           2
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           1
25.2  Other services....................                                   1
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           1           1
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................           4          14          17
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       3,735       3,225       2,539
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       3,765       3,271       2,587
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......         330         368         368
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-4-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Guaranteed loan subsidy:

02.01   Stafford........................                                -393
02.02   Unsubsidized Stafford...........                                 -39
02.03   PLUS............................                                  -6
02.05   Consolidated....................                                 -23
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations (object class 
          41.0).........................                                -461
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 440]]



    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......                                -461
23.95 New obligations...................                                 461
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.05 Appropriation (indefinite)........                    -340        -461
68.00 Spending authority from offsetting 
        collections: Offsetting 
        collections (cash)..............                     340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................                                -461
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation
73.10 New obligations...................                                -461
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                                 263
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                                -198
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................                     324        -263
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...                    -324
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........                                -263
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........                    -340
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................                    -340        -461
90.00 Outlays...........................                    -340        -263
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in 
                            millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0231-4-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Guaranteed loan subsidy (in percent):
2320  Stafford..........................                    0.00       -3.71
2320  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                    0.00       -0.64
2320  PLUS..............................                    0.00       -0.33
2320  Consolidated......................                    0.00       -0.53
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2329    Weighted average subsidy rate...                    0.00       -2.01
    Guaranteed loan subsidy budget authority:
2330  Stafford..........................                                -393
2330  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                                 -39
2330  PLUS..............................                                  -6
2330  Consolidated......................                                 -23
2330  Downward reestimate...............                    -340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2339    Total subsidy budget authority..                    -340        -461
    Guaranteed loan subsidy outlays:
2340  Stafford..........................                                -216
2340  Unsubsidized Stafford.............                                 -21
2340  PLUS..............................                                  -3
2340  Consolidated......................                                 -23
2340  Downward reestimate...............                    -340
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2349    Total subsidy outlays...........                    -340        -263
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A description of the administration's proposed legislation to modify 
the Federal Family Education Loan program is included under the Federal 
Direct Student Loan program account.

                                

        Federal Family Education Loan Program, Financing Account

    Note.--The financing account includes all cash flows to and from the 
government from guaranteed student loans committed after 1991.

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4251-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Stafford loans:

01.01   Interest benefits...............       2,262       1,846       1,698
01.02   Special allowance...............         121
01.03   Default claims..................         889       1,256       1,406
01.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............          77          67          83
01.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           9           5           6
01.07   Contract collection costs.......           1           5           8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Stafford loans......       3,359       3,179       3,201
      Unsubsidized Stafford loans:

02.02   Special allowance...............           3
02.03   Default claims..................         105         343         519
02.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............           7          26          42
02.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           1           1           2
02.07   Contract collection costs.......                       1           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91     Subtotal, Unsubsidized 
            Stafford loans..............         116         371         565
      PLUS loans:

03.02   Special Allowance...............           1
03.03   Default claims..................          80         110         121
03.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............          19          38          41
03.05   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           1                       1
03.06   Contract Collection Costs.......                       1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
03.91     Subtotal, PLUS loans..........         101         149         164
      SLS loans:

04.03   Default claims..................         239         199         165
04.04   Death, disability and bankruptcy 
          claims........................           2          14          14
04.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           2           1           1
04.07   Contract collection costs.......           2           1           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
04.91     Subtotal, SLS loans...........         245         215         182
      Consolidations loans:

05.01   Interest benefits...............           1
05.03   Default claims..................         115         172         241
05.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............           6          35          45
05.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           1           1           1
05.07   Contract Collection Costs.......                                   1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
05.91     Subtotal, Consolidations loans         123         208         288
07.01 Interest paid to Treasury.........          83          50          26
08.01 Payment of downard reestimate to 
        Program account.................         448       2,340
09.01 Interest on downward reestimate...                     414
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       4,475       6,926       4,426
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.90 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Fund balance.....       7,559       9,146       6,669
22.00 New financing authority (gross)...       5,807       4,449       3,880
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................         256
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......      13,622      13,595      10,549
23.95 New obligations...................      -4,475      -6,926      -4,426
24.90 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Fund balance...........       9,146       6,669       6,123
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New financing authority (gross), detail:
      Spending authority from offsetting 
          collections:

68.00   Offsetting collections (cash)...       6,261       4,775       4,117
68.47   Portion applied to debt 
          reduction.....................        -454        -326        -237
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
68.90     Spending authority from 
            offsetting collections 
            (total).....................       5,807       4,449       3,880
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new financing authority 
          (gross).......................       5,807       4,449       3,880
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.90 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Obligated 
        balance.........................          21        -886       1,039
73.10 New obligations...................       4,475       6,926       4,426
73.20 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................      -5,126      -5,000      -4,800
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.        -256
74.90 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Obligated 
        balance.........................        -886       1,039         664
87.00 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................       5,126       5,000       4,800
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 441]]



    Offsets:
      Against gross financing authority and 
          financing disbursements:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Federal sources:
            Payment from subsidy 
              account:

88.00         Stafford loans............      -2,244      -1,915      -1,813
88.00         Unsubsidized Stafford.....        -390        -414        -402
88.00         PLUS loans................         -44         -57         -58
88.00         Consolidated loans........         -13         -30         -33
88.00         Upward reestimate.........      -1,043        -564
88.00         Scheduled payments from 
                Liquidating account for 
                noncontractual 
                modifications...........        -538        -376        -263
88.25     Interest on uninvested funds: 
            Stafford loans..............        -514        -462        -438
          Non-Federal sources:
            Stafford loans:

88.40         Recoveries on defaults....        -425        -123        -190
88.40         Origination fees..........        -420        -342        -341
88.40         Sallie Mae offset fees....         -53         -28         -29
88.40         Other Fees................         -15
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....         -76         -16         -35
            Unsubsidized Stafford:

88.40         Origination fees..........        -208        -191        -194
88.40         Other Fees................          -4
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....         -40         -15         -22
            PLUS:

88.40         Origination fees..........         -52         -52         -55
88.40         Other Fees................          -1
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....         -79         -29         -39
            SLS:

88.40         Other Fees................          -1
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....         -27         -11         -21
88.40         Origination fees..........          -8         -21         -22
            Consolidated:

88.40         Consolidated Loan Holders 
                Fee.....................         -66        -129        -162
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........      -6,261      -4,775      -4,117
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net financing authority and financing 
        disbursements:
89.00 Financing authority...............        -454        -326        -237
90.00 Financing disbursements...........      -1,134         225         683
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4251-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    STAFFORD
      Position with respect to appropriations act 
          limitation on commitments:

2131  Guaranteed loan commitments exempt 
        from limitation.................      10,557      10,863      10,596
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................      10,557      10,863      10,596
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........      37,830      44,316      49,598
2231  Disbursements of new guaranteed 
        loans...........................       9,752       9,779       9,738
2251  Repayments and prepayments........      -2,076      -3,188      -4,359
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....      -1,113      -1,242      -1,431
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......         -77         -67         -83
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........      44,316      49,598      53,463
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..      44,316      49,598      53,463
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......         955       1,643       2,747
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................       1,113       1,242       1,431
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..        -425        -123        -190
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                     -15         -23
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......       1,643       2,747       3,965
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2131  Guaranteed loan commitments exempt 
        from limitation.................       6,102       6,176       6,162
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................       6,102       6,176       6,162
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........       7,210      11,180      15,643
2231  Disbursements of new guaranteed 
        loans...........................       4,374       5,469       5,536
2251  Repayments and prepayments........        -273        -662      -1,183
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....        -124        -318        -510
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......          -7         -26         -42
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........      11,180      15,643      19,444
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..      11,180      15,643      19,444
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......          45          93         393
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................         124         318         510
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..         -76         -16         -35
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                      -2          -4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......          93         393         864
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    PLUS
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2131  Guaranteed loan commitments exempt 
        from limitation.................       1,591       1,737       1,799
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................       1,591       1,737       1,799
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........       3,629       4,261       4,837
2231  Disbursements of new guaranteed 
        loans...........................       1,337       1,486       1,578
2251  Repayments and prepayments........        -579        -763        -962
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....        -107        -109        -123
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......         -19         -38         -41
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........       4,261       4,837       5,289
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..       4,261       4,837       5,289
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......         174         241         333
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................         107         109         123
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..         -40         -15         -21
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                      -2          -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......         241         333         432
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    SLS
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2111  Limitation on guaranteed loans 
        made by private lenders.........
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........       6,061       5,290       4,504
2251  Repayments and prepayments........        -454        -560        -641
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....        -316        -212        -176
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......          -1         -14         -14
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........       5,290       4,504       3,673
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..       5,290       4,504       3,673
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......         479         715         895
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................         316         212         176

[[Page 442]]

2351    Repayments of loans receivable..         -79         -29         -39
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..          -1          -3          -5
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......         715         895       1,027
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    CONSOLIDATED
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2131  Guaranteed loan commitments exempt 
        from limitation.................       4,061       4,262       4,438
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................       4,061       4,262       4,438
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........       2,827       6,501       9,635
2231  Disbursements of new guaranteed 
        loans...........................       4,353       4,214       4,389
2251  Repayments and prepayments........        -543        -876      -1,246
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....        -129        -169        -239
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......          -7         -35         -45
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........       6,501       9,635      12,494
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..       6,501       9,635      12,494
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......          23         125         282
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................         129         169         239
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..         -27         -11         -21
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                      -1          -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......         125         282         497
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code   91-4251-0-3-502    1995 actual    1996 actual     1997 est.      1998 est.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ASSETS:
1101  Federal assets: Fund balances with 
        Treasury........................       7,559          9,146         6,303          5,746
      Net value of assets related to 
          post-1991 acquired defaulted 
          guaranteed loans receivable:

1501    Defaulted guaranteed loans 
          receivable, gross.............       1,676          2,817         4,650          6,785
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1599      Net present value of assets 
            related to defaulted 
            guaranteed loans............       1,676          2,817         4,650          6,785
      Net value of assets related to 
          pre-1992 direct loans 
          receivable and acquired 
          defaulted guaranteed loans 
          receivable:

1701    Defaulted guaranteed loans, 
          gross.........................      -3,507         12,151        11,236          9,448
1704    Defaulted guaranteed loans and 
          interest receivable, net......      -3,507         12,151        11,236          9,448
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1999    Total assets....................       5,728         24,114        22,189         21,979
    LIABILITIES:
2103  Federal liabilities: Debt.........       1,605          1,134           680            354
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
2999    Total liabilities...............       1,605          1,134           680            354
    NET POSITION:
3100  Appropriated capital..............       4,123         22,980        21,509         21,626
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
3999    Total net position..............       4,123         22,980        21,509         21,626
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
4999  Total liabilities and net position       5,728         24,114        22,189         21,980
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this 
nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government 
resulting from guaranteed student loans committed in 1992 and beyond. 
The amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not 
included in the budget totals.

             Federal Family Education Loan Financing Account

                (Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4251-4-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Stafford loans:

01.01   Interest benefits...............                                 -51
01.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................                                  -6
01.07   Contract collection costs.......                                   1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Stafford loans......                                 -56
      Unsubsidized Stafford loans:

02.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................                                  -2
      PLUS loans:

03.03   Default claims..................                                  -1
03.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............                                  -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
03.91     Subtotal, PLUS loans..........                                  -2
      SLS loans:

04.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................                                  -1
      Consolidations loans:

05.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............                                  -1
05.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................                                  -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
05.91     Subtotal, Consolidations loans                                  -2
08.01 Payment of downard reestimate to 
        Program account.................                     342
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............                     342         -63
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.90 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Fund balance.....                                -369
22.00 New financing authority (gross)...                     -27        -446
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......                     -27        -815
23.95 New obligations...................                    -342          63
24.90 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Fund balance...........                    -369        -752
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New financing authority (gross), detail:
68.00 Spending authority from offsetting 
        collections (gross): Offsetting 
        collections (cash)..............                     -27        -446
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.90 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Obligated 
        balance.........................                                  52
73.10 New obligations...................                     342         -63
73.20 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................                    -290           2
74.90 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Obligated 
        balance.........................                      52          -9
87.00 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................                     290          -2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross financing authority and 
          financing disbursements:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Federal sources:
            Payment from subsidy 
              account:

88.00         Stafford loans............                                 357
88.00         Unsubsidized Stafford.....                                  35
88.00         PLUS loans................                                   5
88.00         Consolidated loans........                                  23
88.25     Interest on uninvested funds: 
            Stafford loans..............                      27          68
          Non-Federal sources:
            Stafford loans:

88.40         Recoveries on defaults....                                 -20
88.40         Sallie Mae offset fees....                                 -13
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....                                  -3
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....                                  -2
88.40         Recoveries on defaults....                                  -4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........                      27         446
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net financing authority and financing 
        disbursements:
89.00 Financing authority...............
90.00 Financing disbursements...........                     317         444
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 443]]



             Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4251-4-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
          STAFFORD
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........
2251  Repayments and prepayments........                                   3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                                   3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                                   3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..                                 -20
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                                  -2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......                                 -22
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........
2251  Repayments and prepayments........                                   2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                                   2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                                   2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..                                  -3
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                                  -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......                                  -4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PLUS
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........
2251  Repayments and prepayments........                                  10
2263  Adjustments: Terminations for 
        default that result in claim 
        payments........................                                   1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                                  11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                                  11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..                                  -1
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                                  -2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......                                  -3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          SLS
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2111  Limitation on guaranteed loans 
        made by private lenders.........
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2150    Total guaranteed loan 
          commitments...................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........
2251  Repayments and prepayments........                                 152
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                                 152
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                                 152
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..                                  -4
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..                                  -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......                                  -5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          CONSOLIDATED
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........
2251  Repayments and prepayments........                                  33
2263  Adjustments: Terminations for 
        default that result in claim 
        payments........................                                   1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                                  34
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                                  34
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code   91-4251-4-3-502    1995 actual    1996 actual     1997 est.      1998 est.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ASSETS:
1101  Federal assets: Fund balances with 
        Treasury........................                                     -369           -752
      Net value of assets related to 
          post-1991 acquired defaulted 
          guaranteed loans receivable:

1501    Defaulted guaranteed loans 
          receivable, gross.............                                                     -34
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1599      Net present value of assets 
            related to defaulted 
            guaranteed loans............                                                     -34
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1999    Total assets....................                                     -369           -786
    NET POSITION:
3100  Appropriated capital..............                                     -369           -786
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
3999    Total net position..............                                     -369           -786
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
4999  Total liabilities and net position                                     -369           -786
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

            Federal Family Education Loan Liquidating Account

    Note.--The following tables display the liquidating account, which 
includes all cash flows to and from the Government from guaranteed 
student loan commitments prior to 1992.

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0230-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Stafford loans:

01.01   Interest benefits, net of 
          origination fees..............         260         128          64
01.02   Special allowance net of 
          origination fees..............         254         101          48
01.03   Default claims..................       1,091         767         539
01.04   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............         106          74          32
01.06   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................          28          14           7
01.07   Contract collection costs.......         136          78          68
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
01.91     Subtotal, Stafford loans......       1,875       1,162         758
      PLUS/SLS loans:

02.01   Default claims..................          56          30          16
02.02   Death, disability, and 
          bankruptcy claims.............           5           7           4
02.04   Supplemental preclaims 
          assistance....................           1           1
02.05   Contract collection costs.......           7          18          20
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
02.91     Subtotal, PLUS/SLS loans......          69          56          40
      Miscellaneous costs:

03.01   Scheduled payments to finance 
          account for non-contractual 
          modifications.................         538         376         263
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............       2,482       1,594       1,061
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......       2,772       1,608       1,554
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................          34
22.40 Capital transfer to general fund..        -324         -14        -493
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......       2,482       1,594       1,061

[[Page 444]]

23.95 New obligations...................      -2,482      -1,594      -1,061
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.05 Appropriation (indefinite)........       1,153
68.00 Spending authority from offsetting 
        collections: Offsetting 
        collections (cash)..............       1,619       1,608       1,554
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................       2,772       1,608       1,554
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          48         261         239
73.10 New obligations...................       2,482       1,594       1,061
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............      -2,234      -1,614      -1,140
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.         -34
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         261         239         159
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................       2,186       1,353         901
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...          48         261         239
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........       2,234       1,614       1,140
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Non-Federal sources:
            Stafford loans:

88.40         Federal collections on 
                defaulted loans.........        -475        -472        -456
88.40         Federal collections on 
                bankruptcies............         -23         -23         -23
88.40         Offsets against Federal 
                tax refunds.............        -317        -315        -304
            Other collections:

88.40         Reimbursements from 
                guaranty agencies.......        -583        -577        -559
88.40         Federal collections on 
                defaulted loans.........         -75         -75         -72
88.40         Federal collections on 
                bankruptcies............          -4          -4          -3
88.40         Offsets against Federal 
                tax refunds.............         -50         -50         -48
88.40         Reimbursements from 
                guaranty agencies.......         -92         -92         -89
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........      -1,619      -1,608      -1,554
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................       1,153
90.00 Outlays...........................         616           6        -414
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

             Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0230-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
          STAFFORD LOANS
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........      26,846      26,412      20,540
2251  Repayments and prepayments........      -9,110      -5,002      -4,536
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....      -1,076        -810        -569
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......        -106         -60         -30
2264    Other adjustments, net..........       9,858
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........      26,412      20,540      15,405
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..      26,412      20,540      15,405
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......      10,013       9,868       9,185
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................       1,365         810         569
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..      -1,395      -1,398      -1,359
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..         -11         -11         -11
2364    Other adjustments, net..........        -104         -84         -65
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......       9,868       9,185       8,319
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          PLUS/SLS LOANS
    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........       2,727       3,914       3,043
2251  Repayments and prepayments........        -964        -831      -1,691
      Adjustments:

2261    Terminations for default that 
          result in loans receivable....         -56         -33         -18
2263    Terminations for default that 
          result in claim payments......          -5          -7          -3
2264    Other adjustments, net..........       2,212
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........       3,914       3,043       1,331
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..       3,914       3,043       1,331
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Addendum:
      Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed 
          loans that result in loans receivable:

2310    Outstanding, start of year......       3,166       2,991       2,611
2331    Disbursements for guaranteed 
          loan claims...................          68          33          18
2351    Repayments of loans receivable..        -222        -208        -193
2361    Write-offs of loans receivable..          -3        -190        -187
2364    Other adjustments, net..........         -18         -15         -12
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2390      Outstanding, end of year......       2,991       2,611       2,237
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Excludes interest and premium collections on insured loans.

    As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this 
liquidating account records, for this program, all cash flows to and 
from the Government resulting from guaranteed student loans committed 
prior to 1992. This account is shown on a cash basis. All new loan 
activity in this program in 1992 and beyond is recorded in corresponding 
program and financing accounts. 

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0230-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.2  Other services....................         142          96          88
33.0  Investments and loans.............       1,147         796         555
41.0  Grants, subsidies, and 
        contributions...................       1,081         620         382
42.0  Insurance claims and indemnities..         112          82          36
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............       2,482       1,594       1,061
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

          College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Program

    [For administrative expenses to carry out the existing direct loan 
program of college housing and academic facilities loans entered into 
pursuant to title VII, part C, of the Higher Education Act, as amended, 
$698,000.]
    For Federal administrative expenses to carry out activities related 
to facility loans entered into under title VII, part C and section 702 
of the Higher Education Act, as amended, $1,069,000. (Department of 
Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

  Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Program 
                                 Account

    The total amount of bonds insured pursuant to section 724 of title 
VII, part B of the Higher Education Act shall not exceed $357,000,000, 
and the cost, as defined in section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act 
of 1974, of such bonds shall not exceed zero.
    For administrative expenses to carry out the Historically Black 
College and University Capital Financing Program entered into pursuant 
to title VII, part B of the Higher Education Act, as amended, $104,000. 
(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0241-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.09 Federal administration............           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............           1           1           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......           1           1           1

[[Page 445]]

22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......           3           1           1
23.95 New obligations...................          -1          -1          -1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation (Federal 
        administration).................           1           1           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.90 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Fund balance.           8           5           4
73.10 New obligations...................           1           1           1
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............          -2          -2          -2
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.          -2
74.90 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Fund balance.           5           4           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority           1           1           1
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........           2           2           2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................           1           1           1
90.00 Outlays...........................           2           2           2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in 
                            millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0241-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Direct loan subsidy outlays:
1340  Subsidy outlays...................           1           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Administrative expense data:
3510  Budget authority..................           1           1           1
3590  Outlays from new authority........           1           1           1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The College Housing and Academic Facilities Loan (CHAFL) Program 
account and the Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Capital 
Financing Program account are consolidated for presentation purposes. 
The College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans and Historically Black 
College and University Capital Financing programs will continue to be 
administered separately.

    The College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Program.--The 
Department began issuing CHAFL facility loans in 1987 and made its last 
awards in 1993. Prior to 1987, loans were made under two separate loan 
programs: Higher Education and Facilities Loans (HEFL) and College 
Housing Loans (CHL). The loans support financing for the reconstruction, 
renovation, and construction of academic facilities, housing and other 
postsecondary education facilities for students and faculty. Although 
the Department no longer makes new loans, the Department continues to be 
responsible for conducting architectural and engineering reviews before 
disbursing payments to institutions and servicing the outstanding loans 
under an agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank.

    In prior years, funding for CHAFL administration was in this 
account, and funding for CHL and HEFL administration was split between 
the Department's Program Administration account and the liquidating 
accounts for these two programs. In fiscal year 1998, the Department 
plans to consolidate funding for administrative activities for CHAFL, 
HEFL and CHL under a single account. The FY 1998 request includes 
funding for personnel, loan servicing, and architectural and engineering 
services.

    Historically Black College and University Capital Financing 
Program.--The Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Capital 
Financing Program provides HBCUs with private capital for capital 
projects such as repairs, renovation and construction of classrooms, 
libraries, laboratories, dormitories, instructional equipment, and 
research instrumentation. The 1994 appropriation granted the Department 
authority to enter into insurance agreements with a private for-profit 
Designated Bonding Authority to guarantee no more than $357,000,000 loan 
principal plus accrued unpaid interest for taxable bonds. The bonding 
authority issues the bonds and maintains an escrow account in which 10 
percent of each institution's principal is deposited. This amount is 
estimated to be sufficient to cover all potential delinquencies and 
defaults.

    The first loan was issued in 1996 for $3.5 million, and additional 
loans are expected in 1997 and 1998. No subsidy appropriations are 
required. The 1998 budget requests funds for continuing Federal 
administrative activities only.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0241-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.3  Direct obligations: Purchases of 
        goods and services from 
        Government accounts.............                                   1
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............           1           1           1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0241-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......           8           7           9
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

     College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Financing Account

    Note.--The financing account includes all cash flows to and from the 
Government from college housing and academic facilities loans committed 
after 1991.

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4252-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.02 Interest paid to Treasury.........           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............           1           1           1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New financing authority (gross)...           1                       1
23.95 New obligations...................          -1          -1          -1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New financing authority (gross), detail:
      Spending authority from offsetting 
          collections:

68.00   Offsetting collections (cash)...           2           1           1
68.10   Change in orders on hand from 
          Federal sources...............          -4          -1
68.15   Adjustment to orders on hand 
          from Federal sources..........           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
68.90     Spending authority from 
            offsetting collections 
            (total).....................                                   1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new financing authority 
          (gross).......................                                   1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
      Unpaid obligations, start of year:

72.90   Obligated balance: Authority to 
          Borrow........................          38          22          16
72.95   Obligate balance: Subsidy.......           8           4           3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
72.99     Total unpaid obligations, 
            start of year...............          46          26          19
73.10 New obligations...................           1           1           1
73.20 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................          -9          -8          -4
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...         -12
      Unpaid obligations, end of year:

74.90   Obligated balance: Obligated 
          balance.......................          22          16          14
74.95   Receivables from program account           4           3           3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
74.99     Total unpaid obligations, end 
            of year.....................          26          19          17
87.00 Total financing disbursements 
        (gross).........................           9           8           4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross financing authority and 
          financing disbursements:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
88.00     Principal repayments..........          -1
88.25     Interest on uninvested funds..          -1

[[Page 446]]

88.40     Interest repayments...........                      -1          -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........          -2          -1          -1
88.95 Change in receivables from program 
        accounts........................           4           1
88.96 Adjustment to orders on hand from 
        Federal sources.................          -2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net financing authority and financing 
        disbursements:
89.00 Financing authority...............           1
90.00 Financing disbursements...........           7           7           3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4252-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on obligations:
1111  Limitation on direct loans........
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1150    Total direct loan obligations...
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........           6          13          19
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................           7           6           3
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........          13          19          22
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The reestimate of the subsidy from prior year obligations may 
require the Department to exercise its permanent indefinite authority to 
borrow funds to cover outstanding Treasury interest expenses due on 
September 30, 1998.

                             Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code   91-4252-0-3-502    1995 actual    1996 actual     1997 est.      1998 est.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ASSETS:
      Investments in US securities:

1106    Federal assets: Receivables, net           9              8             4              3
      Net value of assets related to 
          post-1991 direct loans 
          receivable:

1401    Direct loans receivable, gross..           5             11            19             22
1402    Interest receivable.............                                        1              1
1405    Allowance for subsidy cost (-)..          -2             -4            -1
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1499      Net present value of assets 
            related to direct loans.....           3              7            19             23
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
1999    Total assets....................          12             15            23             26
    LIABILITIES:
      Federal liabilities:

2102    Interest payable................           1              1             1              1
2103    Debt............................           5             11            20             27
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
2999    Total liabilities...............           6             12            21             28
    NET POSITION:
3100  Appropriated capital..............           6              3             2             -2
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
3999    Total net position..............           6              3             2             -2
                                        ------------ --------------  ------------  -------------
4999  Total liabilities and net position          12             15            23             26
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

    College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account

                   [Higher Education Facilities Loans]

    [The Secretary is hereby authorized to make such expenditures, 
within the limits of funds available under this heading and in accord 
with law, and to make such contracts and commitments without regard to 
fiscal year limitation, as provided by section 104 of the Government 
Corporation Control Act (31 U.S.C. 9104), as may be necessary in 
carrying out the program for the current fiscal year.] (Department of 
Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

                         [College Housing Loans]

    [Pursuant to title VII, part C of the Higher Education Act, as 
amended, for necessary expenses of the college housing loans program, 
the Secretary shall make expenditures and enter into contracts without 
regard to fiscal year limitation using loan repayments and other 
resources available to this account. Any unobligated balances becoming 
available from fixed fees paid into this account pursuant to 12 U.S.C. 
1749d, relating to payment of costs for inspections and site visits, 
shall be available for the operating expenses of this account.] 
(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0242-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations (object class 
        43.0)...........................          33          25          24
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................          41          41          50
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          36          29          27
22.10 Resources available from 
        recoveries of prior year 
        obligations.....................                      10
22.60 Redemption of debt................          -3          -5          -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......          74          75          74
23.95 New obligations...................         -33         -25         -24
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....          41          50          51
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
60.05 Appropriation (indefinite)........           6           3           3
      Spending authority from offsetting 
          collections:

68.00   Offsetting collections (cash)...          76          59          59
68.27   Capital transfer to general fund          -4          -3          -3
68.47   Portion applied to debt 
          reduction.....................         -42         -30         -32
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
68.90     Spending authority from 
            offsetting collections 
            (total).....................          30          26          24
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................          36          29          27
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          43          46          31
73.10 New obligations...................          33          25          24
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -30         -30         -27
73.45 Adjustments in unexpired accounts.                     -10
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          46          31          28
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................          30          23          23
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...                       7           4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          30          30          27
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

        Offsetting collections (cash) 
            from:
          Non-Federal sources:
88.40       Repayments of principal.....         -50         -39         -39
88.40       Interest received on loans..         -26         -20         -20
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
88.90       Total, offsetting 
              collections (cash)........         -76         -59         -59
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         -40         -30         -32
90.00 Outlays...........................         -45         -29         -32
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

               Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0242-0-1-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
          CHAFL LIQUIDATING
    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         144         152         148
1231  Disbursements: Direct loan 
        disbursements...................          13
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................          -5          -4          -3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........         152         148         145
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 447]]


          HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES 
              LOANS
    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........          54          48          42
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................          -6          -6          -6
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........          48          42          36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          COLLEGE HOUSING LOANS
    Cumulative balance of direct loans 
                outstanding:
1210  Outstanding, start of year........         484         446         415
1251  Repayments: Repayments and 
        prepayments.....................         -38         -31         -31
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
1290    Outstanding, end of year........         446         415         384
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating 
Account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from 
direct loans made prior to 1992 to schools and colleges for the 
reconstruction, renovation, and construction of academic facilities, 
housing and other postsecondary education facilities. Loans were made 
under three separate loan programs: Higher Education and Facilities 
Loans, College Housing Loans, and College Housing and Academic 
Facilities Loans. In 1998, the Department is consolidating the three 
loan programs into the CHAFL Liquidating account for budget presentation 
purposes only. The three individual programs will continue to be 
administered separately.

                                

 Historically Black College and University Capital Financing, Financing 
                                 Account

             Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-4254-0-3-502      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Position with respect to appropriations act 
                limitation on commitments:
2111  Limitation on guaranteed loans 
        made by private lenders.........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans 
                outstanding:
2210  Outstanding, start of year........                                  10
2231  Disbursements of new guaranteed 
        loans...........................                      10          15
2251  Repayments and prepayments........
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
2290    Outstanding, end of year........                      10          25
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Memorandum:
2299  Guaranteed amount of guaranteed 
        loans outstanding, end of year..                      10          25
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Note.--The appropriations language for this program specifies a 
limitation that applies to direct and guaranteed loans in total.

    In FY 1997, the Federal Financing Bank (FFB) began purchasing bonds 
issued by the HBCU Designated Bonding Authority. Under the policies 
governing Federal credit programs, loan guarantees by the FFB create the 
equivalent of a Federal direct loan. For budget purposes, all FFB loans 
shall be treated as direct loans. HBCU bonds are still available for 
purchase by the private sector, and these will be treated as loan 
guarantees. The Department expects some future loans may be financed 
from private sources.

                                


 
             OFFICE OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

             Education Research, Statistics, and Improvement

    For carrying out activities authorized by the Educational Research, 
Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994, including part 
E; the National Education Statistics Act of 1994; section 2102, sections 
[3132,] 3136 and 3141, parts B, C, and D of title III and parts A, B, 
and I, [and K] and section 10601 of title X, and part C of title XIII of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended, and 
title VI of Public Law 103-227, $510,693,000 [$598,350,000: Provided, 
That $200,000,000 shall be for section 3132, $56,965,000 shall be for 
section 3136 and $10,000,000 shall be for section 3141 of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act: Provided further, That notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, one-half of one percent of the amount available 
for section 3132 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, 
as amended, shall be set aside for the outlying areas to be distributed 
among the outlying areas on the basis of their relative need as 
determined by the Secretary in accordance with the purposes of the 
program: Provided further, That, notwithstanding section 3131(b) of said 
Act, if any State educational agency does not apply for a grant under 
section 3132, that State's allotment under section 3131 shall be 
reserved by the Secretary for grants to local educational agencies in 
the State that apply directly to the Secretary according to the terms 
and conditions announced by the Secretary in the Federal Register: 
Provided further, That, of the amount available for title III, part B of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended, funds 
shall be awarded to continue the Iowa Communication Network statewide 
fiber optic demonstration and $2,000,000 shall be awarded to the 
Southeastern Pennsylvania Consortium for Higher Education for the 
establishment of local and wide area computer networks to provide 
instructional resources to students and faculty: Provided further, That 
none of the funds appropriated in this paragraph may be obligated or 
expended for the Goals 2000 Community Partnerships Program]. (Department 
of Education Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1100-0-1-999      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
      Direct program:

        Research, development and 
            dissemination:
00.01     National education research 
            institutes..................          43          54          62
00.02     Regional educational 
            laboratories................          51          51          54
00.03     National dissemination 
            activities..................          13          19          19
00.04   Statistics......................          46          50          66
00.05   Assessment......................          33          33          38
00.06   Eisenhower professional 
          development national 
          activities....................          18          13          30
        Educational technology:
          Technology for education:
00.07       Technology literacy 
              challenge fund............                     200
00.08       Technology innovation 
              challenge grants..........          38          57          75
00.09       Regional technology in 
              education consortia.......          10          10          10
00.10     Star schools..................          23          30          26
00.11     Ready to learn television.....           6           7           7
00.12     Telecommunications 
            demonstration project for 
            mathematics.................           1           1           2
00.13   Fund for the improvement of 
          education.....................          38          40          40
00.14   Javits gifted and talented 
          education.....................           3           5           7
00.15   Eisenhower regional mathematics 
          and science education 
          consortia.....................          15          15          15
00.16   After-school learning centers...           1           1          50
00.17   National writing project........           3           3
00.18   Civic education.................           4           4           5
00.19   International education exchange           5           5           5
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
00.91     Subtotal, direct program......         351         598         511
02.01 Reimbursable program..............           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         353         598         511
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         353         598         511
23.95 New obligations...................        -353        -598        -511
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation...................         351         598         511
      Permanent:

68.00   Spending authority from 
          offsetting collections: 
          Offsetting collections (cash).           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................         353         598         511
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         322         358         543
73.10 New obligations...................         353         598         511
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -313        -412        -551
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...          -4
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         358         543         503
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 448]]



    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          82         130         129
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         229         281         422
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...           2           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         313         412         551
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........          -2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         351         598         511
90.00 Outlays...........................         311         412         551
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Note.--Excludes $425 million in budget authority in 1998 for activities 
transferred to the Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Education 
Reform Account. The comparable amount for 1997 was $200 million (included 
above) and zero in 1996, since the program was first funded in 1997.

    Research, development, and dissemination.--
        National research institutes.--Funds support the activities of 
    five research institutes organized to address topics of national 
    concern in education. The institutes carry out comprehensive 
    programs of research and development by funding research centers, 
    field-initiated research studies, and other research projects.
        Regional educational laboratories.--Ten laboratories provide 
    applied research and development, dissemination, and technical 
    assistance services to address needs in specified regions throughout 
    the country.
        National dissemination activities.--Funds support information 
    clearinghouses, a national dissemination system, and a national 
    library of education, which serves as a central location within the 
    Federal government for information on education.

    Statistics.--Funds support the collection of statistics on 
educational institutions and on individuals to monitor trends in 
education, and a coordinated program of statistical services to assist 
States in developing comparable data bases and analyses of the 
implications of data.

    Assessment.--Funds support the National Assessment of Educational 
Progress, which surveys young Americans to provide reliable information 
about educational attainment in important skill areas. Both national- 
and State-representative data are collected.

    Eisenhower professional development national activities.--Funds 
support activities to promote excellence in teaching. Such activities 
include strengthening professional standards for teachers, demonstrating 
ways to engage teachers and other educators in the use of effective 
teaching and learning strategies, providing support services for both 
Eisenhower State and Federal program activities, and evaluating these 
activities.

    Technology for education.--
        Technology innovation challenge grants.--Competitive grants are 
    made to consortia of school districts and other partners to improve 
    teaching and learning through the effective use of technologies.
        Regional technology in education consortia.--Funds support 
    technical assistance in the development and implementation of 
    educational technology.

    Star schools.--Funds support the acquisition of telecommunications 
equipment and development of instructional programming for distance 
learning.

    Ready to learn television.--Funds support the development of 
educational programming for preschool and elementary school children and 
their parents.

    Telecommunications demonstration project for mathematics.--Funds 
support a national telecommunications-based demonstration project to 
improve the teaching of mathematics so that all students are prepared to 
achieve State content standards.

    Fund for the improvement of education.--Funds support nationally 
significant projects to improve the quality of education, assist all 
students to meet challenging standards, contribute to achievement of the 
National Education Goals and support the Christa McAuliffe Fellowships.

    Javits gifted and talented education.--Funds support projects 
designed to help educators identify and meet the special educational 
needs of gifted and talented students and, where appropriate, to adapt 
strategies successful with those students to improve instruction for all 
students.

    Eisenhower regional mathematics and science education consortia.--
Funds support regional consortia to disseminate exemplary mathematics 
and science education materials and provide technical assistance to help 
teachers and administrators implement new teaching methods and 
assessment tools.

    After-school learning centers.--Funds support school-based after-
school tutoring and other educational and violence prevention services 
to members of the community.

    Civic education.--Funds are used to provide an award to the Center 
for Civic Education to help educate students about the history and 
principles of the Constitution, including the Bill of Rights.

    International education exchange.--Funds are used for international 
exchange programs to help improve civics and economics education in 
central and eastern European countries, countries that were part of the 
former Soviet Union, and the United States.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1100-0-1-999      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Direct obligations:

11.3    Personnel compensation: Other 
          than full-time permanent......           1           1           1
24.0    Printing and reproduction.......           2           2           1
25.1    Advisory and assistance services           5           5           5
25.2    Other services..................          46          52          71
25.3    Purchases of goods and services 
          from Government accounts......           9           9           9
25.5    Research and development 
          contracts.....................          55          56          56
25.7    Operation and maintenance of 
          equipment.....................           9           9           9
41.0    Grants, subsidies, and 
          contributions.................         222         462         357
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..         349         596         509
99.0  Reimbursable obligations..........           2
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           2           2           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         353         598         511
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1100-0-1-999      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......          11          13          13
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                                Libraries

    The account for the Office of Library programs, which was formerly 
shown under the Department of Education, Office of Educational Research 
and Improvement, is now part of the Institute of Museum and Library 
Services.

                                

[[Page 449]]


 
                         DEPARTMENTAL MANAGEMENT

                              Federal Funds

General and special funds:

                         Program Administration

    For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the 
Department of Education Organization Act, including rental of conference 
rooms in the District of Columbia and hire of two passenger motor 
vehicles, [$327,000,000] $341,039,000. (Department of Education 
Appropriations Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0800-0-1-503      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Direct program....................         326         326         341
01.01 Reimbursable programs.............           6           8           8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............         332         334         349
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......         333         334         349
22.30 Unobligated balance expiring......          -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......         332         334         349
23.95 New obligations...................        -332        -334        -349
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
      Current:

40.00   Appropriation...................         327         327         341
40.75   Reduction pursuant to P.L. 104-
          208...........................                      -1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
43.00     Appropriation (total).........         327         326         341
      Permanent:

68.00   Spending authority from 
          offsetting collections: 
          Offsetting collections (cash).           6           8           8
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
70.00   Total new budget authority 
          (gross).......................         333         334         349
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         183         119         123
73.10 New obligations...................         332         334         349
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............        -406        -330        -348
73.40 Adjustments in expired accounts...          10
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation         119         123         124
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority         254         245         253
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....         130          78          87
86.97 Outlays from new permanent 
        authority.......................           3           4           4
86.98 Outlays from permanent balances...          19           3           4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........         406         330         348
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Offsets:
      Against gross budget authority and outlays:

88.00   Offsetting collections (cash) 
          from: Federal sources.........          -6          -8          -8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................         327         326         341
90.00 Outlays...........................         400         322         340
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Program Administration account includes the direct Federal costs 
of providing grants and administering elementary and secondary 
education, bilingual education, higher education, vocational and adult 
education, and special education programs, programs for persons with 
disabilities and a portion of the direct Federal costs for administering 
student financial aid programs. It also supports assessment, statistics, 
research and improvement activities.

    In addition, this account includes the cost of providing centralized 
support and administrative services, overall policy development, and 
strategic planning for the Department. Included in the centralized 
activities are rent and mail services; telecommunciations; contractual 
services; financial management and accounting, including payments to 
schools, education agencies and other grant recipients, and preparation 
of auditable financial statements; ADP services; personnel management; 
budget formulation and execution; program evaluation; legal services; 
congressional and public relations; and intergovernmental affairs.

    Reimbursable program.--Reimbursements to this account include the 
costs of collecting defaulted Perkins student loans and of providing 
administrative services to other agencies.

    Also included in this account are contributions from the public. 
Activities supported include the Goals 2000 Teachers' Forum, and the 
Gifts and Bequests Miscellaneous Fund. No new contributions are 
currently anticipated for 1998.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0800-0-1-503      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Direct obligations:

        Personnel compensation:
11.1      Full-time permanent...........         137         140         141
11.3      Other than full-time permanent          13          11          11
11.5      Other personnel compensation..           2           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
11.9        Total personnel compensation         152         152         153
12.1    Civilian personnel benefits.....          30          31          33
21.0    Travel and transportation of 
          persons.......................           5           5           5
23.1    Rental payments to GSA..........          23          22          25
23.3    Communications, utilities, and 
          miscellaneous charges.........          17          16          17
24.0    Printing and reproduction.......           8           9          10
25.1    Advisory and assistance services           5           5           5
25.2    Other services..................          10           9          13
25.3    Purchases of goods and services 
          from Government accounts......          14          15          14
25.4    Operation and maintenance of 
          facilities....................           1           1           1
25.7    Operation and maintenance of 
          equipment.....................          44          50          46
26.0    Supplies and materials..........           3           3           3
31.0    Equipment.......................          13           5          13
32.0    Land and structures.............           1           1           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..         326         324         340
99.0  Reimbursable obligations..........           6           7           7
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........                       3           2
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............         332         334         349
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0800-0-1-503      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total compensable workyears:
1001  Full-time equivalent employment...       2,733       2,630       2,575
1005  Full-time equivalent of overtime 
        and holiday hours...............           3           3           3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                         Office for Civil Rights

    For expenses necessary for the Office for Civil Rights, as 
authorized by section 203 of the Department of Education Organization 
Act, [$55,000,000] $61,500,000. (Department of Education Appropriations 
Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0700-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Direct program: Civil Rights......          55          55          62
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............          55          55          62
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          55          55          62
23.95 New obligations...................         -55         -55         -62
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................          55          55          62
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          28          11           9
73.10 New obligations...................          55          55          62

[[Page 450]]

73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -72         -57         -60
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation          11           9          11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          48          48          53
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....          24           9           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          72          57          60
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................          55          55          62
90.00 Outlays...........................          72          57          60
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Office for Civil Rights is responsible for ensuring that no 
person is unlawfully discriminated against on the basis of race, color, 
national origin, sex, disability, or age in the delivery of services or 
the provision of benefits in programs or activities of schools and 
institutions receiving financial assistance from the Department of 
Education. The authorities under which the Office for Civil Rights 
operates are title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (racial and ethnic 
discrimination), title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (sex 
discrimination), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 
(discrimination against individuals with a disability), the Age 
Discrimination Act of 1975, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 
1990.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0700-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Personnel compensation:

11.1    Full-time permanent.............          37          37          38
11.3    Other than full-time permanent..           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
11.9      Total personnel compensation..          38          38          39
12.1  Civilian personnel benefits.......           7           7           8
21.0  Travel and transportation of 
        persons.........................           1           1           1
23.1  Rental payments to GSA............           4           4           5
23.3  Communications, utilities, and 
        miscellaneous charges...........           1           1           1
25.2  Other services....................                                   1
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           2           2
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................           1           1           2
26.0  Supplies and materials............                                   1
31.0  Equipment.........................           1                       1
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............          55          55          62
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-0700-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......         744         724         724
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                     Office of the Inspector General

    For expenses necessary for the Office of the Inspector General, as 
authorized by Section 212 of the Department of Education Organization 
Act, [$30,000,000] $32,000,000. (Department of Education Appropriations 
Act, 1997.)

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1400-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
00.01 Inspector General.................          29          30          32
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
10.00   Total obligations...............          29          30          32
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......          29          30          32
23.95 New obligations...................         -29         -30         -32
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................          29          30          32
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           8           6           5
73.10 New obligations...................          29          30          32
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............         -31         -31         -31
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           6           5           6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.90 Outlays from new current authority          25          26          27
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....           6           5           4
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
87.00   Total outlays (gross)...........          31          31          31
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................          29          30          32
90.00 Outlays...........................          31          31          31
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Inspector General is responsible for the quality, coverage, and 
coordination of audit, investigation, and security functions relating to 
Federal education activities. The Inspector General has the authority to 
inquire into all activities of the Department including those performed 
under Federal education contracts, grants, or other agreements. Under 
the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, the Inspector General is also 
responsible for internal reviews of the Department's financial systems 
and audits of its financial statements.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1400-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

      Personnel compensation:

11.1    Full-time permanent.............          17          18          19
11.5    Other personnel compensation....           1           1           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
11.9      Total personnel compensation..          18          19          20
12.1  Civilian personnel benefits.......           4           4           5
21.0  Travel and transportation of 
        persons.........................           1           1           1
23.1  Rental payments to GSA............           2           2           2
25.1  Advisory and assistance services..           1                       1
25.3  Purchases of goods and services 
        from Government accounts........           1           1           1
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................                                   1
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           2           3           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............          29          30          32
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              Personnel Summary

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1400-0-1-751      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1001  Total compensable workyears: Full-
        time equivalent employment......         305         317         317
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                

                         Headquarters Renovation

               Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1500-0-1-503      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Obligations by program activity:
10.00 Total obligations.................           1           6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Budgetary resources available for obligation:
21.40 Unobligated balance available, 
        start of year: Uninvested 
        balance.........................                       6
22.00 New budget authority (gross)......           7
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
23.90   Total budgetary resources 
          available for obligation......           7           6
23.95 New obligations...................          -1          -6
24.40 Unobligated balance available, end 
        of year: Uninvested balance.....           6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 451]]



    New budget authority (gross), detail:
40.00 Appropriation.....................           7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Change in unpaid obligations:
72.40 Unpaid obligations, start of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation                       1           2
73.10 New obligations...................           1           6
73.20 Total outlays (gross).............                      -5          -2
74.40 Unpaid obligations, end of year: 
        Obligated balance: Appropriation           1           2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Outlays (gross), detail:
86.93 Outlays from current balances.....                       5           2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Net budget authority and outlays:
89.00 Budget authority..................           7
90.00 Outlays...........................                       5           2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This account provides the Department of Education's portion of funds 
to renovate its headquarters building, including costs for 
administrative services, information technology, telecommunications 
cabling, and systems furniture. The remaining funds required for the 
renovation, which began in October 1994, will be provided by the General 
Services Administration.

               Object Classification (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identification code 91-1500-0-1-503      1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25.2  Other services....................                       1
25.7  Operation and maintenance of 
        equipment.......................                       2
31.0  Equipment.........................                       3
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.0      Subtotal, direct obligations..                       6
99.5  Below reporting threshold.........           1
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
99.9    Total obligations...............           1           6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                


 
                      GENERAL FUND RECEIPT ACCOUNTS

                           (in millions of dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         1996 actual   1997 est.   1998 est.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Offsetting receipts from the public:
  91-022100  FFEL Guarantee agency 
    reserve recoveries: Legislative 
    proposal, subject to PAYGO..........                                 731
  91-291500  Repayment of loans, capital 
    contributions, higher education 
    activities, Education...............          61          62          61
                                           ---------   ---------  ----------
General Fund Offsetting receipts from 
 the public.............................          61          62         792
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                


 
                           GENERAL PROVISIONS

    Sec. 301. No funds appropriated in this Act may be used for the 
transportation of students or teachers (or for the purchase of equipment 
for such transportation) in order to overcome racial imbalance in any 
school or school system, or for the transportation of students or 
teachers (or for the purchase of equipment for such transportation) in 
order to carry out a plan of racial desegregation of any school or 
school system.
    Sec. 302. None of the funds contained in this Act shall be used to 
require, directly or indirectly, the transportation of any student to a 
school other than the school which is nearest the student's home, except 
for a student requiring special education, to the school offering such 
special education, in order to comply with title VI of the Civil Rights 
Act of 1964. For the purpose of this section an indirect requirement of 
transportation of students includes the transportation of students to 
carry out a plan involving the reorganization of the grade structure of 
schools, the pairing of schools, or the clustering of schools, or any 
combination of grade restructuring, pairing or clustering. The 
prohibition described in this section does not include the establishment 
of magnet schools.
    Sec. 303. No funds appropriated under this Act may be used to 
prevent the implementation of programs of voluntary prayer and 
meditation in the public schools.
    [Sec. 304. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds 
available under section 458 of the Higher Education Act shall not exceed 
$491,000,000 for fiscal year 1997. The Department of Education shall use 
$80,000,000 of the amounts provided for payment of administrative cost 
allowances to guaranty agencies for fiscal year 1996. For fiscal year 
1997, the Department of Education shall pay administrative costs to 
guaranty agencies, calculated on the basis of 0.85 percent of the total 
principal amount of loans upon which insurance was issued on or after 
October 1, 1996: Provided, That such administrative costs shall be paid 
only on the first $8,200,000,000 of the principal amount of loans upon 
which insurance was issued on or after October 1, 1996 by such guaranty 
agencies, and shall not exceed a total of $70,000,000. Such payments are 
to be paid quarterly, and receipt of such funds and uses of such funds 
shall be in accordance with section 428(f) of the Higher Education Act.]
    [Notwithstanding section 458 of the Higher Education Act, the 
Secretary may not use funds available under that section or any other 
section for subsequent fiscal years for administrative expenses of the 
William D. Ford Direct Loan Program. The Secretary may not require the 
return of guaranty agency reserve funds during fiscal year 1997, except 
after consultation with both the Chairmen and ranking members of the 
House Economic and Educational Opportunities Committee and the Senate 
Labor and Human Resources Committee. Any reserve funds recovered by the 
Secretary shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States for 
purposes of reducing the Federal deficit.]
    [No funds available to the Secretary may be used for (1) the hiring 
of advertising agencies or other third parties to provide advertising 
services for student loan programs prior to January 1, 1997, or (2) 
payment of administrative fees relating to the William D. Ford Direct 
Loan Program to institutions of higher education.]
    [Sec. 305. None of the funds appropriated in this Act may be 
obligated or expended to carry outsection 621(b) of Public Law 101-589.]

                          [(transfer of funds)]

    [Sec. 306. Not to exceed 1 percent of any discretionary funds 
(pursuant to the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, as 
amended) which are appropriated for the current fiscal year for the 
Department of Education in this Act may be transferred between 
appropriations, but no such appropriation shall be increased by more 
than 3 percent by any such transfer: Provided, That the Appropriations 
Committees of both Houses of Congress are notified at least fifteen days 
in advance of any transfer.]
    [Sec. 307. (a) Section 8003(f)(3)(A)(i) of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7703(f)(3)(A)(i)) is 
amended--]
        [(1) in the matter preceding subclause (I), by striking ``The 
    Secretary'' and all that follows through ``greater of--'' and 
    inserting the following: ``The Secretary, in conjunction with the 
    local educational agency, shall first determine each of the 
    following:'';]
        [(2) in each of subclauses (I) through (III), by striking ``the 
    average'' each place it appears the first time in each such 
    subclause and inserting ``The average'';]
        [(3) in subclause (I), by striking the semicolon and inserting a 
    period;]
        [(4) in subclause (II), by striking ``: or'' and inserting a 
    period; and]
        [(5) by adding at the end the following: ``The local educational 
    agency shall select one of the amounts determined under subclause 
    (I), (II), or (III) for purposes of the remaining computations under 
    this subparagraph.''.]
    [(b) The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect 
to fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1995.]
    [Sec. 308. Section 485(e)(9) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 is 
amended by striking out ``June 30'' in the second sentence of such 
section and inserting ``August 30''.] (Department of Education 
Appropriations Act, 1997.)