[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5321 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5321

 To amend title XIX of the Social Security Act to require coverage of, 
   and expand access to, home and community-based services under the 
    Medicaid program to award grants for the creation, recruitment, 
 training and education, retention, and advancement of the direct care 
  workforce and to award grants to support family caregivers and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             August 6, 2026

  Mr. Lujan (for himself, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Baldwin, Ms. Duckworth, Mrs. 
 Gillibrand, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Sanders, Ms. 
Warren, Mr. Reed, Mr. Markey, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Fetterman, Mr. Kim, and 
 Mrs. Murray) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
                  referred to the Committee on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To amend title XIX of the Social Security Act to require coverage of, 
   and expand access to, home and community-based services under the 
    Medicaid program to award grants for the creation, recruitment, 
 training and education, retention, and advancement of the direct care 
  workforce and to award grants to support family caregivers and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``HCBS Access Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
TITLE I--REQUIRING AND EXPANDING ACCESS TO HCBS COVERAGE UNDER MEDICAID

Sec. 101. Purpose.
Sec. 102. Requiring coverage of home and community-based services under 
                            the Medicaid program.
Sec. 103. Medicaid eligibility modifications.
Sec. 104. Home and community-based services implementation plan.
Sec. 105. Quality of services.
Sec. 106. Reports; technical assistance; other administrative 
                            requirements.
Sec. 107. Quality measurement and improvement.
Sec. 108. Making permanent the extended protection under medicaid for 
                            recipients of home and community-based 
                            services against spousal impoverishment.
Sec. 109. Permanent extension of money follows the person rebalancing 
                            demonstration.
Sec. 110. Liens, adjustments, and recoveries for medical assistance.
Sec. 111. HCBS provider tax.
Sec. 112. Medicare amendment.
     TITLE II--RECOGNIZING THE ROLE OF DIRECT SUPPORT PROFESSIONALS

Sec. 201. Findings.
Sec. 202. Revision of standard occupational classification system.
            TITLE III--SUPPORT FOR THE DIRECT CARE WORKFORCE

Sec. 301. Definitions.
Sec. 302. Authority to establish a technical assistance center for 
                            building the direct care workforce.
Sec. 303. Authority to award grants.
Sec. 304. Project plans.
Sec. 305. Evaluations and reports; technical assistance.
Sec. 306. Authorization of appropriations.
                          TITLE IV--EVALUATION

Sec. 401. Evaluation of impact on access to HCBS.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Demographics.--The term ``demographics'' means 
        information relating to the races, ethnicities, genders, sexual 
        orientations, gender identities, geographic locations, incomes, 
        primary languages, types of service setting, and disability 
        types represented within a particular group of individuals.
            (2) Secretary.--Except as otherwise provided, the term 
        ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

TITLE I--REQUIRING AND EXPANDING ACCESS TO HCBS COVERAGE UNDER MEDICAID

SEC. 101. PURPOSE.

    It is the purpose of this title to require coverage of home and 
community-based services (in this section referred to as ``HCBS'') 
under a State plan (or waiver of such plan) under title XIX of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) for the following reasons:
            (1) To eliminate waiting lists for HCBS, which delay access 
        to necessary services and deny access to the promise of 
        community inclusion guaranteed under the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) for 
        individuals with disabilities and older adults.
            (2) To build on decades of progress in serving individuals 
        with disabilities and older adults through access to HCBS.
            (3) To fulfill the purposes of the Medicaid program to 
        provide medical assistance for individuals whose income and 
        resources are insufficient to meet the costs of necessary 
        medical services, and to provide rehabilitation, long-term 
        services and supports, and other services to help such 
        individuals attain or retain capacity for independence or self-
        care.
            (4) To ensure that individuals with all kinds of 
        disabilities and with multiple disabilities, including 
        intellectual disabilities, cognitive disabilities, 
        developmental disabilities, behavioral health disabilities, 
        physical disabilities, and substance use disorders, and older 
        adults, receive the services they need to live in their 
        communities.
            (5) To streamline access to HCBS by eliminating the need 
        for States to repeatedly apply for waivers of their respective 
        State plans for medical assistance.
            (6) To continue to increase the capacity of community 
        services to ensure individuals with disabilities and older 
        adults have high-quality, safe, and meaningful options to 
        receive care in their community and are not at risk of 
        unnecessary institutionalization.
            (7) To act on the decades of research and practice that 
        show that everyone, including individuals with the most severe 
        disabilities, can live in the community with the right services 
        and supports.
            (8) To eliminate the race, gender, sexual orientation, and 
        gender identity disparities that exist in accessing information 
        and HCBS and to prevent the unnecessary impoverishment and 
        institutionalization of black and brown individuals with 
        disabilities and older adults.
            (9) To support over 63,000,000 unpaid family caregivers, 
        who are disproportionately women and often providing complex 
        services and supports to older adults and individuals with 
        disabilities because of a lack of affordable services, 
        workforce shortages, and other inefficiencies.
            (10) To improve direct care quality and ensure access to 
        services by improving workforce standards for the nearly 
        3,200,000 direct care workers, who are primarily women, people 
        of color, and immigrants facing heightened risks of 
        discrimination in employment, providing support to individuals 
        with disabilities and older adults in their homes and 
        communities.

SEC. 102. REQUIRING COVERAGE OF HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES UNDER 
              THE MEDICAID PROGRAM.

    (a) Definition of Home and Community-Based Services.--
            (1) Inclusion as medical assistance.--Section 1905(a) of 
        the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (31), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (32) as paragraph 
                (33); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (31) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(32) home and community-based services (as defined in 
        subsection (ll)); and''.
            (2) Home and community-based services defined.--Section 
        1905 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(ll) Home and Community-Based Services.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this title, the term 
        `home and community-based services' means those services 
        specified in paragraph (2) furnished to an eligible individual 
        (as defined in paragraph (3)), based on an individualized 
        assessment (as described in paragraph (4)) and person-centered 
        service plan (as described in paragraph (4)(D)) for such 
        individual, in a setting that--
                    ``(A) meets the qualities specified in paragraph 
                (1) of section 441.710(a) of title 42, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or a successor regulation);
                    ``(B) is not described in paragraph (2) of such 
                section (or a successor regulation); and
                    ``(C) meets such other qualities as the Secretary 
                determines appropriate in line with recommendations for 
                additional services made by the advisory panel 
                described in paragraph (2)(B) of this subsection.
            ``(2) Services specified.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), 
                the services specified in this paragraph are services 
                described in any of paragraphs (7), (8), (13)(C), (19), 
                (20), (22), (24), (29), and (33) of subsection (a) of 
                this section or in any of subsections (c)(4)(B), 
                (c)(5), (k)(1)(A), (k)(1)(B), or (k)(1)(D) of section 
                1915, including the following:
                            ``(i) Supported employment and integrated 
                        day services.
                            ``(ii) Personal assistance, including 
                        personal care attendants, direct support 
                        professionals, home health aides, private duty 
                        nursing, homemakers and chore assistance, and 
                        companionship services.
                            ``(iii) Services that enhance independence, 
                        inclusion, and full participation in the 
                        broader community.
                            ``(iv) Non-emergency, non-medical 
                        transportation services to facilitate community 
                        integration.
                            ``(v) Respite services provided in the 
                        individual's home or broader community.
                            ``(vi) Caregiver and family support 
                        services.
                            ``(vii) Case management, including 
                        intensive case management, fiscal intermediary, 
                        and support brokerage services.
                            ``(viii) Services that support person-
                        centered planning and self-direction.
                            ``(ix) Direct support services during acute 
                        hospitalizations.
                            ``(x) Necessary medical and nursing 
                        services not otherwise covered that are 
                        necessary in order for the individual to remain 
                        in their home and community, including hospice 
                        services.
                            ``(xi) Home and community-based intensive 
                        behavioral health and crisis intervention 
                        services.
                            ``(xii) Peer support services.
                            ``(xiii) Housing support, including 
                        transitional housing or transitional support 
                        services for individuals who are unhoused, and 
                        wrap-around services.
                            ``(xiv) Necessary home modifications and 
                        assistive technology, including those that 
                        substitute for human assistance.
                            ``(xv) Transition services to support an 
                        individual who is transitioning from an 
                        institutional setting to the community, 
                        including appropriate services for individuals 
                        who are unhoused or at risk of becoming 
                        unhoused, and including such transition 
                        services provided while the individual resides 
                        in an institution.
                            ``(xvi) Nutrition services.
                            ``(xvii) Assisted living services.
                            ``(xviii) Any other service approved by the 
                        Secretary, pursuant to the recommendation of 
                        the advisory panel convened under subparagraph 
                        (B).
                    ``(B) Specification of recommended services.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 6 months 
                        after the date of the enactment of this 
                        subparagraph, and not less frequently than once 
                        every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary shall 
                        appoint an advisory panel for purposes of 
                        recommending additional services which may be 
                        included as home and community-based services 
                        under this paragraph.
                            ``(ii) Composition.--
                                    ``(I) Selection.--The advisory 
                                panel shall be comprised of not less 
                                than 50 members and include 
                                representatives of the following 
                                categories, with the majority of all 
                                members being selected from the 
                                categories described in items (aa), 
                                (bb), and (cc):
                                            ``(aa) Individuals with 
                                        disabilities receiving home and 
                                        community-based services under 
                                        this title and individuals with 
                                        disabilities in need of such 
                                        services, including those with 
                                        physical disabilities, 
                                        behavioral health disabilities, 
                                        or intellectual or 
                                        developmental disabilities, and 
                                        including older adults, that 
                                        are representative of multiple 
                                        States, geographical locations, 
                                        races, ethnicities, and other 
                                        demographic factors.
                                            ``(bb) Beneficiary-led 
                                        disability rights 
                                        organizations.
                                            ``(cc) Disability-led 
                                        organizations.
                                            ``(dd) Disabled veterans 
                                        organizations.
                                            ``(ee) Disability 
                                        organizations representing 
                                        families.
                                            ``(ff) Organizations 
                                        serving individuals with 
                                        disabilities, including 
                                        intellectual or developmental 
                                        disabilities.
                                            ``(gg) Organizations 
                                        serving older adults.
                                            ``(hh) Direct care workers 
                                        and the labor organizations 
                                        that represent such workers.
                                            ``(ii) The Protection and 
                                        Advocacy System.
                                            ``(jj) The Centers for 
                                        Independent Living.
                                            ``(kk) Health care 
                                        providers.
                                            ``(ll) The National 
                                        Association of Medicaid 
                                        Directors.
                                            ``(mm) The National 
                                        Association of State Directors 
                                        of Developmental Disabilities 
                                        Services.
                                            ``(nn) The National 
                                        Association of State Mental 
                                        Health Program Directors.
                                            ``(oo) Advancing States.
                                            ``(pp) The Centers for 
                                        Medicare & Medicaid Services.
                                            ``(qq) The Administration 
                                        for Community Living of the 
                                        Department of Health and Human 
                                        Services.
                                            ``(rr) Members of federally 
                                        recognized tribes and tribally 
                                        led organizations.
                                            ``(ss) Other relevant 
                                        Federal, State, and local home 
                                        and community-based service 
                                        systems, as determined by the 
                                        Secretary.
                                    ``(II) Requirement for 
                                proportionate representation.--The 
                                Secretary shall seek to ensure 
                                proportionate representation among each 
                                category described in items (dd) 
                                through (ss) of subclause (I) in 
                                convening the advisory panel.
                            ``(iii) Duties.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Not later than 2 
                                years after an advisory panel is 
                                convened under clause (i), the advisory 
                                panel shall submit to the Secretary and 
                                to Congress a report recommending 
                                additional services which may be 
                                included as home and community-based 
                                services under this paragraph with the 
                                goal of increasing community 
                                integration and self-determination for 
                                individuals with disabilities receiving 
                                such services.
                                    ``(II) Considerations.--In 
                                developing recommendations, the 
                                advisory panel shall consider--
                                            ``(aa) available data on 
                                        coverage gaps of needed home 
                                        and community-based services, 
                                        including compliance reporting 
                                        required by section 441.311(d) 
                                        of title 42, Code of Federal 
                                        Regulations;
                                            ``(bb) new technology or 
                                        innovations that could promote 
                                        access to home and community-
                                        based services for individuals 
                                        with disabilities and older 
                                        adults;
                                            ``(cc) relevant data based 
                                        on the latest Home and 
                                        Community-Based Services 
                                        Quality Measure Set established 
                                        and updated by the Secretary 
                                        pursuant to section 441.312 of 
                                        title 42, Code of Federal 
                                        Regulations; and
                                            ``(dd) other relevant 
                                        research, data, or information 
                                        that will help inform the 
                                        adoption of home and community-
                                        based services for individuals 
                                        with disabilities and older 
                                        adults.
                            ``(iv) Implementation of recommended 
                        additional services.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The Secretary 
                                shall consider the recommendations made 
                                in a report submitted by the advisory 
                                panel pursuant to clause (iii)(I), and 
                                review any other relevant information, 
                                to identify additional services as home 
                                and community-based services pursuant 
                                to subparagraph (A)(xviii).
                                    ``(II) Considerations.--In 
                                determining which recommendations of 
                                the advisory panel to implement, the 
                                Secretary shall consider--
                                            ``(aa) available data on 
                                        coverage gaps of needed home 
                                        and community-based services, 
                                        including compliance reporting 
                                        required by section 411.311(d) 
                                        of title 42, Code of Federal 
                                        Regulations;
                                            ``(bb) new technology or 
                                        innovations that could promote 
                                        access to home and community-
                                        based services for individuals 
                                        with disabilities;
                                            ``(cc) relevant data based 
                                        on the latest Home and 
                                        Community-Based Services 
                                        Quality Measure Set established 
                                        and updated by the Secretary 
                                        pursuant to section 441.312 of 
                                        title 42, Code of Federal 
                                        Regulations;
                                            ``(dd) public comment about 
                                        additional home and community-
                                        based services obtained through 
                                        the public notice and comment 
                                        process described in subclause 
                                        (III); and
                                            ``(ee) other relevant 
                                        research, data, or information 
                                        that will help inform the 
                                        adoption of home and community-
                                        based services for individuals 
                                        with disabilities.
                                    ``(III) Notice and comment.--Not 
                                later than 1 year after an advisory 
                                panel is convened under clause (i), the 
                                Secretary shall establish a process for 
                                public notice and comment, including 
                                public hearings, sufficient to ensure a 
                                meaningful level of public input.
                                    ``(IV) Notification to state 
                                medicaid directors.--Not later than 1 
                                year after the conclusion of the notice 
                                and comment process established by the 
                                Secretary pursuant to subclause (III), 
                                the Secretary shall issue a State 
                                Medicaid Director Letter to notify 
                                States of any additional home and 
                                community-based services approved by 
                                the Secretary for purposes of 
                                subparagraph (A)(xviii).
                    ``(C) Private duty nursing defined.--For purposes 
                of this paragraph, the term `private duty nursing' 
                means nursing services that are sufficient to meet the 
                needs of an individual who requires more individualized 
                and continuous care than is available from a visiting 
                nurse or routinely provided by the nursing staff of a 
                hospital or skilled nursing facility, and includes 
                services provided to an individual in the individual's 
                own home by a registered nurse or licensed practical 
                nurse under the direction of a physician.
            ``(3) Eligible individual.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), 
                the term `eligible individual' means--
                            ``(i) an individual who is determined, on 
                        an annual basis or on a longer basis specified 
                        by the State, by a health care provider 
                        approved by the State under a process described 
                        in subparagraph (C) to have a functional 
                        impairment (as defined in subparagraph (B)) 
                        (not taking into account any items or services, 
                        or any other ameliorative measures, furnished 
                        to such individual to mitigate such impairment) 
                        that is expected to last at least 90 days;
                            ``(ii) during the period that ends on the 
                        day before the first day of the first calendar 
                        quarter beginning on or after the date that is 
                        5 years after the date of the enactment of this 
                        subsection, an individual who, as of such date 
                        of enactment, is receiving or has been 
                        determined to be eligible for home and 
                        community-based services under this title (or 
                        under a waiver or State plan option in effect 
                        under section 1915 or 1115, provided that the 
                        individual continues to meet any level of care 
                        requirement applicable under such waiver or 
                        State plan option); or
                            ``(iii) an individual who is eligible under 
                        the State plan or a waiver of such plan and is 
                        under the age of 21.
                    ``(B) Functional impairment.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A)(i), the term `functional impairment' 
                means, with respect to an individual, the inability of 
                such individual to perform, without assistance--
                            ``(i) 2 or more activities of daily living 
                        (as described in section 7702B(c)(2)(B) of the 
                        Internal Revenue Code of 1986);
                            ``(ii) 2 or more instrumental activities of 
                        daily living (as defined for purposes of 
                        section 1915(k)(1)(A)); or
                            ``(iii) 1 activity of daily living (as so 
                        described) and 1 instrumental activity of daily 
                        living (as so defined).
                    ``(C) Health care provider state approval.--For 
                purposes of subparagraph (A)(i), a process described in 
                this subparagraph is a process established by the State 
                to approve a health care provider to make a 
                determination of functional impairment in accordance 
                with such standards as the Secretary may prescribe.
            ``(4) Individualized assessment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), 
                an individualized assessment described in this 
                paragraph is an independent assessment, with respect to 
                an eligible individual--
                            ``(i) to determine a necessary level of 
                        services and supports to be provided, 
                        consistent with the individual's physical and 
                        health condition, including any functional 
                        impairments;
                            ``(ii) to identify needed medical and non-
                        medical services and supports;
                            ``(iii) to inform development of a person-
                        centered care plan (as described in 
                        subparagraph (D)) for the individual;
                            ``(iv) that includes each of the elements 
                        described in clauses (ii) through (v) of 
                        section 1915(i)(1)(F); and
                            ``(v) that occurs not later than 30 days 
                        after such individual is determined to be an 
                        eligible individual.
                    ``(B) Reassessments.--An individualized assessment 
                shall be conducted at least once every 12 months, and 
                as needed when the individual's support needs or 
                circumstances change significantly, and an individual's 
                person-centered service plan shall be revised as 
                necessary to reflect the results of the most recent 
                individualized assessment.
                    ``(C) Presumption.--The individualized assessment 
                described in subparagraph (A) shall be conducted with 
                the presumption--
                            ``(i) that each eligible individual, 
                        regardless of type or level of disability or 
                        service need, can be served in the individual's 
                        own home and community; and
                            ``(ii) at the option of the individual, 
                        that services may be self-directed (as defined 
                        in section 1915(i)(1)(G)(iii)(II)).
                    ``(D) Person-centered care plan.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A)(iii), a person-centered care plan 
                described in this subparagraph is a written plan with 
                respect to an individual that is developed in 
                accordance with, and meets the requirements of, 
                paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 441.301(c) of 
                title 42, Code of Federal Regulations.
                    ``(E) Standards.--An individualized assessment 
                shall be conducted in accordance with standards 
                specified by the Secretary to--
                            ``(i) safeguard against conflicts of 
                        interest;
                            ``(ii) specify qualifications for who may 
                        perform any such assessment;
                            ``(iii) ensure transparency in the 
                        conducting of any such assessment, including 
                        ensuring the provision of the results of the 
                        assessment and, in plain language, any 
                        information necessary to interpret the 
                        methodology and results of the assessment;
                            ``(iv) ensure that the methodology used in 
                        any such assessment is sound and evidence-
                        based;
                            ``(v) require such methodology to be made 
                        available on the public website of the State 
                        and tested for reliability and validity by an 
                        independent evaluator;
                            ``(vi) require assessment tools to include 
                        language assistance services and compliance 
                        with Federal non-discrimination requirements, 
                        including--
                                    ``(I) the availability of such 
                                assessments in the individual's primary 
                                language or with a qualified 
                                interpreter;
                                    ``(II) accessibility for 
                                individuals who are blind or have low-
                                vision;
                                    ``(III) accessibility for deaf and 
                                hard-of-hearing individuals; and
                                    ``(IV) accessibility for 
                                individuals who cannot rely on speech 
                                to communicate; and
                            ``(vii) ensure that any services and 
                        supports necessary for community integration 
                        are identified, involve professionals 
                        knowledgeable about the range of services and 
                        supports available in the community, and allow 
                        individuals getting assessed to present their 
                        own independent evidence of the appropriateness 
                        of an integrated setting.''.
    (b) Mandatory Benefit.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1902(a)(10)(A) of the Social 
        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)(10)(A)) is amended by striking 
        ``and (30)'' and inserting ``(30), and (32)''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by this subsection 
        shall take effect on the first day of the first calendar 
        quarter that begins on or after the date that is 5 years after 
        the date of enactment of this Act.
    (c) Ensuring Coverage of HCBS for All Medicaid-Eligible 
Individuals.--Section 1902(a)(10)(D) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1396a(a)(10)(A)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(i)'' after ``(D)'';
            (2) by adding ``and'' after the semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                            ``(ii) beginning on the first day of the 
                        first calendar quarter that begins on or after 
                        the date that is 5 years after the date of 
                        enactment of this clause (or at such earlier 
                        date as the State may elect) for the inclusion 
                        of home and community-based services (as 
                        defined in section 1905(ll)) for any individual 
                        who--
                                    ``(I) is eligible for medical 
                                assistance under the State plan (or 
                                waiver of such plan);
                                    ``(II) is an eligible individual 
                                (as defined in such section); and
                                    ``(III) elects to receive such 
                                services.''.
    (d) Federal Medical Assistance Percentage for Home and Community-
Based Services.--Section 1905 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1396d), as amended by subsection (a), is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``and (ii)'' and 
        inserting ``(ii), and (mm)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(mm) Specified Federal Medical Assistance Percentage for Home and 
Community-Based Services.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law and except as provided in paragraph (3), the Federal 
        medical assistance percentage for amounts expended for medical 
        assistance for home and community-based services (as defined in 
        subsection (ll)), including any such services furnished under a 
        waiver in effect under section 1915 or 1115, on or after the 
        date of the enactment of this subsection shall be equal to 100 
        percent for any State that meets the requirements of paragraph 
        (2).
            ``(2) Access to essential home and community-based 
        services.--As a condition of receiving the Federal medical 
        assistance percentage described in paragraph (1), a State shall 
        enhance, expand, or strengthen the level of and access to home 
        and community-based services offered under the State plan under 
        this title (or a waiver of such plan) as of the date of 
        enactment of this subsection by doing each of the following:
                    ``(A) Lowering or eliminating access barriers and 
                disparities in access or utilization identified in the 
                implementation plan described in section 1902(zz).
                    ``(B) Using a program to ensure that an individual 
                is not denied services based on the fact that the 
                individual contacts the wrong entity (commonly referred 
                to as a `No Wrong Door Program'), providing presumptive 
                eligibility for home and community-based services, and 
                improving home and community-based services counseling 
                and education programs.
                    ``(C) Providing supports to family caregivers, 
                which shall include providing respite care and may 
                include providing such services as caregiver 
                assessments, peer supports, access to assistive 
                technology, or paid family caregiving.
                    ``(D) Adopting processes to ensure that payments 
                for home and community-based services (including any 
                payment to a direct care worker who delivers such 
                services) are sufficient to ensure that care and 
                services are available to the extent described in the 
                implementation plan described in section 1902(zz). In 
                carrying out this subparagraph, the State shall review 
                and update payment rates for home and community-based 
                services at least every 2 years, with an emphasis on 
                ensuring that rates are adequate to recruit and retain 
                a sufficient workforce to ensure access to the full set 
                of services for eligible individuals as determined 
                under subsection (ll) and through a transparent process 
                involving meaningful input from stakeholders, including 
                recipients of home and community-based services, family 
                caregivers of such recipients, providers, health plans, 
                direct care workers, chosen representatives of direct 
                care workers, and aging, disability, and workforce 
                advocates.
                    ``(E) Developing a process to ensure that increases 
                in payment rates for home and community-based services 
                are--
                            ``(i) at a minimum, proportionately passed 
                        through to direct care workers and in a manner 
                        that is determined with input from the 
                        stakeholders described in subparagraph (D); and
                            ``(ii) incorporated into payment rates for 
                        home and community-based services provided 
                        under this title by a managed care entity (as 
                        defined in section 1932(a)(1)(B)) or a prepaid 
                        inpatient health plan or prepaid ambulatory 
                        health plan, as such terms are defined in 
                        section 438.2 of title 42, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations (or any successor regulation), 
                        under a contract with the State.
                    ``(F) Updating, developing, and adopting 
                qualification standards and training opportunities for 
                the continuum of providers of home and community-based 
                services, including programs for independent providers 
                of such services and agency direct care workers, as 
                well as unique programs and resources for family 
                caregivers.
                    ``(G) Establishing an entity to strengthen the 
                infrastructure supporting the delivery of home and 
                community-based services under consumer-directed models 
                of care in accordance with the requirements of 
                subsection (nn).
            ``(3) Exception.--The Federal medical assistance percentage 
        applicable to medical assistance for home and community-based 
        services furnished to an individual who is only eligible for 
        medical assistance under a State plan or waiver on the basis of 
        section 1902(a)(10)(A)(ii)(XXIV) shall be determined without 
        regard to this subsection.
            ``(4) Administrative costs.--Notwithstanding the per centum 
        specified in section 1903(a)(7), with respect to amounts 
        expended for the first 4 fiscal quarters during which this 
        subsection is implemented and each of the succeeding 16 fiscal 
        quarters, for administrative costs for expanding and enhancing 
        home and community-based services, including for enhancing the 
        Medicaid data and technology infrastructure, modifying rate 
        setting processes, adopting, using, and reporting quality 
        measures, adopting or improving training programs for direct 
        care workers and family caregivers, and adopting, carrying out, 
        or enhancing programs that register qualified direct care 
        workers or connect beneficiaries to qualified direct care 
        workers under subsection (nn), such per centum shall be 80 
        percent.
    ``(nn) HCBS Infrastructure To Support Self-Directed Care Models for 
the Delivery of Services.--For the purposes of paragraph (2)(G) of 
subsection (mm), the requirements of this subsection, with respect to a 
State and fiscal quarter, are that the State establishes, directly or 
by contract with 1 or more non-profit entities, a program to support 
self-directed models for the delivery of services for the performance 
of each of the following functions:
            ``(1) Registering qualified direct care workers and 
        assisting beneficiaries in finding direct care workers to 
        furnish home and community-based services.
            ``(2) Undertaking activities to recruit and train 
        independent providers to enable beneficiaries to direct their 
        own care, including by providing or coordinating training for 
        beneficiaries on self-directed care.
            ``(3) Ensuring the safety of, and supporting the quality 
        of, care provided to beneficiaries, such as by conducting 
        background checks and addressing complaints reported by 
        recipients of home and community-based services.
            ``(4) Facilitating coordination between State and local 
        agencies and direct care workers for matters of public health, 
        training opportunities, changes in program requirements, 
        workplace health and safety, or related matters.
            ``(5) Supporting beneficiary hiring of independent 
        providers of home and community-based services through an 
        agency with choice or similar model, including by processing 
        applicable tax information, collecting and processing 
        timesheets, submitting claims, and processing payments to such 
        providers.
            ``(6) To the extent a State permits beneficiaries to hire a 
        family member or individual with whom they have an existing 
        relationship to provide home and community-based services, 
        providing support to beneficiaries who wish to hire a caregiver 
        who is a family member or individual with whom they have an 
        existing relationship, such as by facilitating enrollment of 
        such family member or individual as a provider of home and 
        community-based services under the State plan or a waiver of 
        such plan.
            ``(7) Ensuring that program policies and procedures allow 
        for cooperation with labor organizations that bargain on behalf 
        of direct care workers in the case of a State in which the 
        direct care workers in the State have elected to join, or form, 
        such a labor organization, or, in the case of a State in which 
        such workers have not joined or formed such a labor 
        organization, are neutral with regard to such workers joining 
        or forming such a labor organization.''.
    (e) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) In general.--Title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 
        U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 1905(a), in the matter preceding the 
                first numbered paragraph--
                            (i) in each of clauses (xvi) and (xviii), 
                        by moving the left margin 2 ems to the left; 
                        and
                            (ii) in clause (xvii), by inserting ``or 
                        who are described in section 1902(a)(10)(D)'' 
                        after ``a State plan amendment under such 
                        subsection''; and
                    (B) in section 1943(b)(5), by striking ``the 
                State'' and all that follows through the period at the 
                end and inserting ``a determination be conducted on an 
                annual basis (or on such longer basis as specified by 
                the State) in accordance with section 1905(ll) for 
                purposes of providing home and community-based services 
                under the State plan (or waiver of such plan).''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall take effect on the first day of the first calendar 
        quarter that begins on or after the date that is 5 years after 
        the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 103. MEDICAID ELIGIBILITY MODIFICATIONS.

    Section 1902 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (10)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)(i)--
                                    (I) in subclause (VIII), by 
                                striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
                                semicolon;
                                    (II) in subclause (IX)(dd), by 
                                striking the semicolon at the end and 
                                inserting ``; or''; and
                                    (III) by inserting after subclause 
                                (IX) the following new subclause:
                                    ``(X) beginning with the first 
                                calendar quarter that begins on or 
                                after the date that is 5 years after 
                                the date of enactment of this subclause 
                                (or such earlier date as the State may 
                                elect), who are eligible individuals 
                                described in section 1905(ll)(3)(A) and 
                                are not described in a previous 
                                subclause of this clause and whose 
                                income does not exceed the greater of--
                                            ``(aa) 150 percent of the 
                                        poverty line (as defined in 
                                        section 2110(c)(5)) applicable 
                                        to a family of the size 
                                        involved; or
                                            ``(bb) 300 percent of the 
                                        supplemental security income 
                                        benefit rate established by 
                                        section 1611(b)(1);''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii)--
                                    (I) in subclause (XXII), by 
                                striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
                                semicolon;
                                    (II) in subclause (XXIII), by 
                                striking the semicolon at the end and 
                                inserting ``; or''; and
                                    (III) by inserting after subclause 
                                (XXIII) the following new subclause:
                                    ``(XXIV) who are eligible 
                                individuals who would be described in 
                                clause (i)(X) but for the fact that 
                                their income exceeds the income levels 
                                established under such clause but is 
                                less than such income level as the 
                                State may establish for purposes of 
                                this subclause;''; and
                    (B) by amending paragraph (34) to read as follows:
            ``(34) provides that in the case of an individual eligible 
        for home and community-based services (as described in section 
        1905(ll)(3)(A)), such services will be made available and 
        furnished in or after the third month before the month in which 
        such individual made application (or application was made on 
        behalf of such individual in the case of a deceased individual) 
        for such services if such individual was (or upon application 
        would have been) eligible for such services at the time such 
        services were furnished and, that if services are provided 
        through a service plan or any similar document, including 
        services provided under the authority of any provision of 
        section 1115 or 1915, such services shall be available pursuant 
        to this subsection without regard to whether the service plan 
        or similar document was developed before or after the services 
        were provided;''; and
            (2) in subsection (xx)(9)(A)(ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (VIII), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (IX), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclause:
                                    ``(X) who is described in subclause 
                                (X) of subsection (a)(10)(A)(i) or 
                                subclause (XXIV) of subsection 
                                (a)(10)(A)(ii).''.

SEC. 104. HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Section 1902 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1396a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (89), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (90)(C), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (90) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(91) provide that, prior to the beginning of the first 
        calendar quarter beginning on or after the date that is 5 years 
        after the date of the enactment of this paragraph (or such 
        earlier date at the State may elect), the State shall submit to 
        the Secretary the implementation plan described in subsection 
        (zz).''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(zz) Implementation Plan.--For purposes of subsection (a)(91), an 
implementation plan described in this subsection is a plan developed by 
a State that includes the following:
            ``(1) An explanation of how the State will operationalize 
        the definition of an eligible individual under section 
        1905(ll), including the process for any determination specified 
        in paragraph (3)(A)(i) of such section.
            ``(2) A description of the characteristics of the State's 
        direct care workforce that provides home and community-based 
        services, including the number of workers, the average and 
        range of direct care worker wages or service payments, the 
        health and other workplace benefits provided to direct care 
        workers, turnover and vacancy rates, and an explanation of the 
        State's plan to ensure a stable and high quality workforce and 
        that compensation for individuals furnishing home and 
        community-based services is sufficient to ensure an appropriate 
        supply of workers to provide services to all eligible 
        individuals and plans to identify and address any additional 
        workforce issues.
            ``(3) A list of any home and community-based services 
        provided under the State Medicaid plan (including any waiver of 
        such plan) as of the date of enactment of this subsection, 
        including a breakdown of use of such services by demographics 
        (as defined in section 2 of the HCBS Access Act), compared to 
        such services that are required under the amendments made by 
        section 102 of such Act, and a description of numerical goals 
        to increase access to such services that have barriers to 
        access for populations in need of such services.
            ``(4) A description of how the State will incorporate 
        existing State disability and aging agencies into the new 
        unified provision of home and community-based services and how 
        such State will ensure that such services address all 
        functional impairments.
            ``(5) A plan for carrying out outreach and education 
        activities with respect to the availability of such services 
        through appropriate entities, including a program to ensure 
        that an individual is not denied such services based on the 
        fact that the individual contacts the wrong entity (commonly 
        referred to as a `No Wrong Door Program').
            ``(6) A plan for how such services will be coordinated with 
        other relevant State agencies, such as housing, transportation, 
        child welfare, food and income security, and employment 
        agencies.
            ``(7) A State with federally recognized Indian tribes, 
        Indian health programs, or urban Indian health organizations 
        shall include a process to consult with the Indian tribes and 
        seek advice from Indian health programs and urban Indian health 
        organizations in the State.
            ``(8) A description of how the State will build capacity 
        prior to the implementation of the requirements described in 
        subclause (X) of subsection (a)(10)(A)(i) and subclause (XXIV) 
        of subsection (a)(10)(A)(ii) to ensure that such services are 
        available to every eligible individual under the State Medicaid 
        program, how the State will ensure an adequate provider network 
        to provide access to and choice of provider, and how the State 
        will ensure that such services are provided in a setting that 
        meets the requirements specified in paragraph (1) of section 
        1905(ll), as added by section 102 of the HCBS Access Act.
            ``(9) A plan for how the State will prioritize individuals 
        who have already met eligibility requirements but are on 
        waiting lists to receive home and community-based services and 
        ensure those individuals do not experience an increase in the 
        amount of time they will wait to receive such services.
            ``(10) In the case of a State that utilizes an alternative 
        benefit plan, a description of how the State will ensure that 
        all individuals who are eligible individuals (as defined in 
        section 1905(ll)) are appropriately identified as medically 
        frail and exempted from such plan.
            ``(11) How the State will coordinate eligibility for such 
        services with other disability eligibility programs, such as 
        disability buy-in programs.
            ``(12) Data and milestone requirements to ensure community 
        integration, including such requirements with respect to 
        utilization of such services by demographics (as defined in 
        section 2 of the HCBS Access Act).
            ``(13) A description of how the State will evaluate and 
        address disparities based on age, disability, race, ethnicity, 
        sexual orientation, gender identity, and geographic equity.''.
    (b) FMAP Increase.--Section 1903(a)(3) of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1396b(a)(3)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (F)(ii), by striking ``plus'' at the 
        end and inserting ``and''; and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (F)(ii) the following 
        new subparagraph:
                    ``(G) an amount equal to 100 percent of the sums 
                expended during the quarter which are attributable to 
                the costs of developing the implementation plan 
                described in section 1902(zz); and''.

SEC. 105. QUALITY OF SERVICES.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Development of metrics.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health 
                and Human Services, in consultation with State Medicaid 
                Directors, shall develop standardized, State-level 
                metrics regarding access to, and satisfaction with, 
                providers, including primary care and specialist 
                providers, with respect to individuals who are enrolled 
                in a State Medicaid plan under title XIX of the Social 
                Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) (or under a 
                waiver of such plan), broken down by demographics (as 
                defined in section 2) and any other category determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary.
                    (B) Inclusions.--The metrics developed under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include metrics on the total 
                number of individuals enrolled in the State plan or 
                under a waiver of such plan during a fiscal year that 
                required the level of care provided in a nursing 
                facility, intermediate care facility for individuals 
                with intellectual disabilities, institution for mental 
                disease, or other similarly restrictive or 
                institutional setting.
            (2) Process.--The Secretary shall develop the metrics 
        described in paragraph (1) through a public process, which 
        shall provide opportunities for stakeholders to participate.
    (b) Updating Metrics.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
Deputy Administrator and Director for the Center for Medicaid and CHIP 
Services and State Medicaid Directors, shall update the metrics 
developed under subsection (a) not less than once every 3 years.
    (c) State Implementation Funding.--The Secretary may award funds, 
from the amount appropriated under subsection (d), to States for the 
purpose of implementing the metrics developed under this section.
    (d) Appropriation.--There is appropriated to the Secretary, out of 
any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $200,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2027, to remain available until expended, for the purpose 
of carrying out this section.

SEC. 106. REPORTS; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 
              REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Finance of the Senate, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions of the Senate, the Special Committee on Aging of the Senate, 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, 
and the Committee on Education and Workforce of the House of 
Representatives the following reports relating to the home and 
community-based services implementation plan established under section 
104:
            (1) Interim report.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, a report that describes--
                    (A) State efforts to develop their home and 
                community-based services implementation plans as 
                described in section 1902(zz) of the Social Security 
                Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(zz)) (as added by section 104); 
                and
                    (B) the funds awarded to States for any 
                administrative costs associated with the development of 
                such implementation plans.
            (2) First implementation report.--Not later than 4 years 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, a report that includes 
        the following:
                    (A) A description of the home and community-based 
                services implementation plans approved by the Secretary 
                under section 1902(zz) of the Social Security Act (42 
                U.S.C. 1396a(zz)) (as added by section 104).
                    (B) A description of the national landscape with 
                respect to gaps in coverage of home and community-based 
                services, disparities in access to such services, 
                utilization of such services, and barriers to accessing 
                such services.
                    (C) A description of the national landscape with 
                respect to the direct care workforce that provides home 
                and community-based services, including with respect to 
                compensation, benefits, and challenges to the 
                availability of such workers.
            (3) Subsequent reports.--Not later than 7 years after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, and every 3 years thereafter, a 
        report that includes the following:
                    (A) The number of States awarded funding, and the 
                funds awarded to such States, to develop an 
                implementation plan described in section 1902(zz) of 
                the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(zz)) (as added 
                by section 104).
                    (B) A summary of the progress being made by such 
                States with respect to strengthening and expanding 
                access to home and community-based services and the 
                direct care workforce that provides such services and 
                meeting the benchmarks for demonstrating improvements 
                required under section 1905(ll)(5) of the Social 
                Security Act (as added by section 102).
                    (C) A summary of outcomes related to home and 
                community-based services core quality measures and 
                beneficiary and family caregiver surveys.
                    (D) A summary of the challenges and best practices 
                reported by States in expanding access to home and 
                community-based services and supporting and expanding 
                the direct care workforce that provides such services.
    (b) Technical Assistance; Guidance; Regulations.--The Secretary 
shall provide States awarded funding to develop an implementation plan 
described in section 1902(zz) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1396a(zz)) (as added by section 104) with technical assistance related 
to carrying out the home and community-based services implementation 
plans approved by the Secretary under such section and meeting the 
requirements and benchmarks for demonstrating improvements required 
under section 1905(mm) of the Social Security Act (as added by section 
102) and shall issue such guidance or regulations as necessary to carry 
out this title and the amendments made by this title, including 
guidance specifying how States shall assess and track the availability 
of home and community-based services over time.
    (c) Recommendations To Guide HCBS Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in coordination with the 
        Secretary of Labor and the Administrator of the Centers for 
        Medicare & Medicaid Services, shall issue recommendations 
        regarding how the Federal Government and States can strengthen 
        the direct care workforce that provides home and community-
        based services, including with respect to how the Federal 
        Government should classify the direct care workforce, how such 
        Administrator and State Medicaid programs can enforce and 
        support the provision of competitive wages and benefits across 
        the direct care workforce, including for workers with 
        particular skills or expertise, and how State Medicaid programs 
        can support training opportunities and other related efforts 
        that support the provision of quality home and community-based 
        services.
            (2) Stakeholder consultation.--
                    (A) In general.--In developing the recommendations 
                required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
                ensure that such recommendations are informed by 
                consultation with recipients of home and community-
                based services, family caregivers of such recipients, 
                providers, health plans, direct care workers, chosen 
                representatives of direct care workers, educational 
                agencies, and aging, disability, and workforce 
                advocates.
                    (B) Consultation with current and potential hcbs 
                beneficiaries and family caregivers.--In consulting 
                with stakeholders under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
                shall--
                            (i) hold at least 1 meeting solely with 
                        current and potential recipients of home and 
                        community-based services and family caregivers 
                        of such recipients for the purpose of 
                        developing the recommendations required under 
                        paragraph (1); and
                            (ii) seek to achieve parity in terms of the 
                        level of participation in the development of 
                        such recommendations between--
                                    (I) current and potential 
                                recipients of home and community-based 
                                services and family caregivers of such 
                                recipients; and
                                    (II) other categories of 
                                stakeholder described in subparagraph 
                                (A).
    (d) Funding.--Out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise 
appropriated, there is appropriated to the Secretary for purposes of 
carrying out this section, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, to remain 
available until expended.

SEC. 107. QUALITY MEASUREMENT AND IMPROVEMENT.

    (a) Development and Publication of Core and Supplemental Sets of 
HCBS Quality Measures.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall identify and publish a 
        core set and supplemental set of home and community-based 
        services quality measures for use by State Medicaid programs, 
        health plans and managed care entities that enter into 
        contracts with such programs, and providers of items and 
        services under such programs.
            (2) Regular reviews and updates.--The Secretary shall 
        review and update the core set and supplemental set of home and 
        community-based services quality measures published under 
        paragraph (1) not less frequently than annually.
            (3) Requirements.--
                    (A) Interagency collaboration; stakeholder input.--
                In developing the core set and supplemental set of home 
                and community-based services quality measures under 
                paragraph (1), and subsequently reviewing and updating 
                such core and supplemental sets, the Secretary shall--
                            (i) collaborate with subagency heads 
                        determined appropriate by the Secretary; and
                            (ii) ensure that such core and supplemental 
                        sets are informed by input from stakeholders, 
                        including recipients of home and community-
                        based services, family caregivers of such 
                        recipients, providers, health plans, direct 
                        care workers, chosen representatives of direct 
                        care workers, and aging, disability, and 
                        workforce advocates, with the goal that at 
                        least half of such input is from current and 
                        potential recipients of home and community-
                        based services and family caregivers.
                    (B) Reflective of full array of services.--Such 
                core set and supplemental set of home and community-
                based services quality measures shall--
                            (i) reflect the full array of home and 
                        community-based services and recipients of such 
                        services, including adults and children; and
                            (ii) include--
                                    (I) outcomes-based measures;
                                    (II) measures of availability of 
                                services;
                                    (III) measures of provider capacity 
                                and availability;
                                    (IV) measures related to person-
                                centered care;
                                    (V) measures specific to self-
                                directed care;
                                    (VI) measures related to 
                                transitions to and from institutional 
                                care;
                                    (VII) beneficiary and family 
                                caregiver surveys; and
                                    (VIII) measures related to outcomes 
                                by race and ethnicity, language, sex, 
                                gender identity, geography, and other 
                                demographic factors to track and reduce 
                                health disparities.
                    (C) Demographics.--Such core set and supplemental 
                set of home and community-based services quality 
                measures shall allow for the collection of data that is 
                disaggregated by demographics (as defined in section 2 
                and including any additional category determined by the 
                Secretary).
            (4) Funding.--Out of any funds in the Treasury not 
        otherwise appropriated, there is appropriated to the Secretary 
        for purposes of carrying out this subsection, $10,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2027, to remain available until expended.
    (b) State Adoption and Reports.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date on 
        which the Secretary publishes the core set and supplemental set 
        of home and community-based services quality measures under 
        subsection (a)(1), and annually thereafter, each State Medicaid 
        program shall use such core and supplemental sets (or an 
        alternative set of quality measures approved by the Secretary) 
        to report information to the Secretary regarding the quality of 
        home and community-based services provided under such program.
            (2) Process.--The information required under paragraph (1) 
        shall be reported using a standardized format and procedures 
        established by the Secretary. Such procedures shall allow a 
        State Medicaid program to report such information separately or 
        as part of the annual reports required under sections 1139A(c) 
        and 1139B(d) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320b-9a, 
        1320b-9b).
            (3) Publication of quality measures.--Each State Medicaid 
        program shall annually make the information reported to the 
        Secretary under paragraph (1) available to the public.
            (4) Increased federal matching rate for adoption and 
        reporting.--Section 1903(a)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 
        U.S.C. 1396b(a)(3)), as amended by section 104(b), is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (H)(ii), by striking ``plus'' 
                after the semicolon and inserting ``and''; and
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (H)(ii) the 
                following new subparagraph:
                    ``(I) 80 percent of so much of the sums expended 
                during such quarter as are attributable to the 
                reporting of information regarding the quality of home 
                and community-based services in accordance with section 
                107(b) of the HCBS Access Act; plus''.
    (c) Ombudsman.--Each State shall establish a home and community-
based services ombudsman office that--
            (1) operates independently from the State Medicaid agency 
        and managed care entities;
            (2) provides direct assistance to beneficiaries and their 
        families with respect to accessing home and community-based 
        services; and
            (3) identifies and reports systemic problems to State 
        officials, the public, and the Secretary with respect to the 
        provision of or access to home and community-based services.

SEC. 108. MAKING PERMANENT THE EXTENDED PROTECTION UNDER MEDICAID FOR 
              RECIPIENTS OF HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES AGAINST 
              SPOUSAL IMPOVERISHMENT.

    (a) In General.--Section 1924(h)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1396r-5(h)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``(at the option of 
the State) is described in section 1902(a)(10)(A)(ii)(VI)'' and 
inserting ``is an eligible individual (as defined in section 
1905(ll)(3))''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 2404 of the Patient Protection 
and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 1396r-5 note) is amended by striking 
``September 30, 2027'' and inserting ``the date of enactment of the 
HCBS Access Act''.

SEC. 109. PERMANENT EXTENSION OF MONEY FOLLOWS THE PERSON REBALANCING 
              DEMONSTRATION.

    Section 6071(h)(1)(L) of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 1396a note) is amended by striking ``each of fiscal years 2024 
through 2027'' and inserting ``fiscal year 2024 and each fiscal year 
thereafter''.

SEC. 110. LIENS, ADJUSTMENTS, AND RECOVERIES FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Liens.--Section 1917(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1396p(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``plan, except--'' and inserting ``plan, 
                except, subject to paragraph (4)--''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``in the case 
                of'' and inserting ``with respect to liens imposed 
                before the date of the enactment of the HCBS Access 
                Act, in the case of''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) Notwithstanding any preceding provision of this subsection, 
not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this 
paragraph, a State shall--
            ``(A) withdraw any lien imposed under paragraph (1)(B) that 
        is in effect as of such date; and
            ``(B) notify each individual (or legal representative of 
        such individual (or of such individual's estate)) subject to 
        such a lien so withdrawn of the withdrawal of such lien.''.
    (b) Adjustments and Recoveries.--Section 1917(b) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396p(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``except that'' and 
        inserting ``except that, subject to paragraph (6),''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(6) Notwithstanding any preceding provision of this subsection, 
no adjustment or recovery of any medical assistance correctly paid on 
behalf of an individual under the State plan may be initiated, 
maintained, or collected on or after the date of the enactment of this 
paragraph. Not later than 90 days after such date, a State shall--
            ``(A) withdraw any lien in effect as of such date with 
        respect to such medical assistance correctly paid; and
            ``(B) notify each individual (or legal representative of 
        such individual (or of such individual's estate)) subject to 
        such a lien so withdrawn of the withdrawal of such lien and the 
        prohibition on adjustment or recovery under this paragraph.''.

SEC. 111. HCBS PROVIDER TAX.

    Section 1903(w) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b(w)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7)(A)--
                    (A) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
                    (B) by inserting after clause (viii) the following 
                new clause:
                            ``(ix) home and community-based 
                        services.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(C)(ii), by inserting ``for a class of 
        health care items and services other than the class described 
        in paragraph (7)(A)(ix),'' after ``2026,''.

SEC. 112. MEDICARE AMENDMENT.

    Section 1860D-14(a)(1)(D)(i) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395w-114) is amended by striking ``or subsection (c) or (d) of section 
1915 or under a State plan amendment under subsection (i) of such 
section'' and inserting ``, section 1915, 1115A, or under a State plan 
amendment''.

     TITLE II--RECOGNIZING THE ROLE OF DIRECT SUPPORT PROFESSIONALS

SEC. 201. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Direct support professionals play a critical role in 
        the care provided to children and adults with intellectual and 
        developmental disabilities.
            (2) Providers of home and community-based services are 
        experiencing difficulty hiring and retaining direct support 
        professionals, with a national turnover rate of 39 percent as 
        identified in a 2023 study by the National Core Indicators.
            (3) High turnover rates can lead to instability for 
        individuals receiving services, and this may result in 
        individuals not receiving enough personalized care to help them 
        reach their goals for independent living.
            (4) A discrete occupational category for direct support 
        professionals will help States and the Federal Government--
                    (A) better interpret the shortage in the labor 
                market of direct support professionals; and
                    (B) collect data on the high turnover rate of 
                direct support professionals.
            (5) The Standard Occupational Classification system is 
        designed and maintained solely for statistical purposes, and is 
        used by Federal statistical agencies to classify workers and 
        jobs into occupational categories for the purpose of 
        collecting, calculating, analyzing, or disseminating data.
            (6) Occupations in the Standard Occupational Classification 
        system are classified based on work performed and, in some 
        cases, on the skills, education, or training needed to perform 
        the work.
            (7) Establishing a discrete occupational category for 
        direct support professionals will--
                    (A) correct an inaccurate representation in the 
                Standard Occupational Classification system;
                    (B) recognize these professionals for the critical 
                and often times overlooked work that they perform for 
                the disabled community, which work is different than 
                the work of a home health aide or a personal care aide; 
                and
                    (C) better align the Standard Occupational 
                Classification system with related classification 
                systems.

SEC. 202. REVISION OF STANDARD OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget (in this Act referred to as the ``Director'') shall, as part of 
the first revision process of the Standard Occupational Classification 
system occurring after the date of enactment of this Act, consider 
establishing a separate code for direct support professionals as a 
subset of healthcare support occupations.
    (b) Report to Congress.--If the Director decides not to establish 
the separate code for direct support professionals described in 
subsection (a), the Director shall, not later than 30 days after the 
Director announces in the Federal Register the final decision of the 
revision process described in such subsection, submit to the Committee 
on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the 
Committee on Education and Workforce of the House of Representatives a 
report explaining why such separate code was not established.

            TITLE III--SUPPORT FOR THE DIRECT CARE WORKFORCE

SEC. 301. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Apprenticeship program.--The term ``apprenticeship 
        program'' means an apprenticeship program registered under the 
        Act of August 16, 1937 (commonly known as the ``National 
        Apprenticeship Act''; 50 Stat. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 
        et seq.), including any requirement, standard, or rule 
        promulgated under such Act.
            (2) Community college.--The term ``community college'' 
        means a public institution of higher education at which the 
        highest degree that is predominantly awarded to students is an 
        associate's degree, including Tribal Colleges or Universities 
        receiving grants under section 316 of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c) that offer a 2-year program for 
        completion of such degree and State public institutions of 
        higher education that offer such a 2-year program.
            (3) Direct care professional.--The term ``direct care 
        professional''--
                    (A) means an individual who, in exchange for 
                compensation, provides services to a person with a 
                disability or an older adult that promote the 
                independence of such person or adult, including--
                            (i) services that enhance the independence 
                        and community inclusion for such person or 
                        adult, including traveling with such person or 
                        individual or attending and assisting such 
                        person or adult while visiting friends and 
                        family, shopping, or socializing;
                            (ii) services such as coaching and 
                        supporting such person or adult in 
                        communicating needs, achieving self-expression, 
                        pursuing personal goals, living independently, 
                        and participating actively in employment or 
                        voluntary roles in the community;
                            (iii) services such as providing assistance 
                        with activities of daily living (such as 
                        feeding, bathing, toileting, and ambulation) 
                        and with tasks such as meal preparation, 
                        shopping, light housekeeping, and laundry;
                            (iv) services that support such person or 
                        adult at home, work, or school, or in any other 
                        community setting; or
                            (v) services that promote health and 
                        wellness, including scheduling and taking such 
                        person or adult for or to health care 
                        appointments, communicating with health and 
                        allied health professionals administering 
                        medications, implementing health and behavioral 
                        health interventions and treatment plans, and 
                        monitoring and recording health status and 
                        progress; and
                    (B) includes--
                            (i) a service provider supporting people 
                        with intellectual disabilities, developmental 
                        disabilities, or other disabilities;
                            (ii) a home and community-based services 
                        manager or direct support professional manager;
                            (iii) a self-directed care worker;
                            (iv) a personal care service worker;
                            (v) a direct care worker, as defined in 
                        section 799B of the Public Health Service Act 
                        (42 U.S.C. 295p); or
                            (vi) any worker in another position or job 
                        related to the home care or direct care 
                        workforce, such as positions or jobs in respite 
                        care, palliative care, community support, or 
                        peer support, as determined by the Secretary, 
                        in consultation with the Administrator of the 
                        Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and 
                        the Secretary of Labor.
            (4) Direct care workforce.--The term ``direct care 
        workforce'' means the broad workforce of direct care 
        professionals.
            (5) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means an 
        entity--
                    (A) that is--
                            (i) a State;
                            (ii) a labor organization, joint labor-
                        management organization, or employer, of direct 
                        care professionals;
                            (iii) an organization or a nonprofit entity 
                        with experience in aging or disability, or in 
                        supporting the rights and interests of, 
                        training, or educating direct care 
                        professionals or family caregivers;
                            (iv) an Indian Tribe, Tribal organization, 
                        or Urban Indian organization;
                            (v) a community college or other 
                        institution of higher education; or
                            (vi) a consortium of entities listed in any 
                        of clauses (i) through (v);
                    (B) that agrees to include, as applicable with 
                respect to the type of grant the entity is seeking 
                under this title and the activities supported through 
                such grant, older adults, people with disabilities, 
                direct care professionals, and family caregivers, as 
                advisors and trainers in such activities; and
                    (C) that agrees to consult with the State Medicaid 
                agency of the State (or each State) served by the grant 
                on the grant activities, to the extent that such agency 
                (or each such agency) is not the eligible entity.
            (6) Employer.--The terms ``employ'' and ``employer'' have 
        the meanings given the terms in section 3 of the Fair Labor 
        Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203).
            (7) Family caregiver.--The term ``family caregiver'' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 2 of the RAISE Family 
        Caregivers Act (42 U.S.C. 3030s note) and includes paid and 
        unpaid family caregivers.
            (8) Indian tribe; tribal organization.--The terms ``Indian 
        Tribe'' and ``Tribal organization'' have the meanings given 
        such terms in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            (9) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' means--
                    (A) an institution of higher education defined in 
                section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1001); or
                    (B) an institution of higher education defined in 
                section 102(a)(1)(B) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 
                1002(a)(1)(B)).
            (10) Older adult.--The term ``older adult'' means an 
        individual who is 60 years of age or older.
            (11) Person with a disability.--The term ``person with a 
        disability'' means an individual with a disability, as defined 
        in section 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 
        U.S.C. 12102).
            (12) Project participant.--The term ``project participant'' 
        means an individual participating in a project or activity 
        assisted with a grant under this title, including (as 
        applicable for the category of the grant) a direct care 
        professional, or an individual seeking to be such a 
        professional, or a family caregiver.
            (13) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Health and Human Services, acting through the Administrator 
        for Community Living.
            (14) Self-directed care professional.--The term ``self-
        directed care professional'' means a direct care professional 
        who is employed by an individual who is an older adult, a 
        person with a disability, or a representative of such older 
        adult or person with a disability, and such older adult or 
        person with a disability has the decisionmaking authority over 
        certain supports and services provided by the direct care 
        professional and takes direct responsibility to manage those 
        supports and services.
            (15) Supportive services.--The term ``supportive services'' 
        means services that are necessary to enable an individual to 
        participate in activities assisted with a grant under this 
        title, such as transportation, child care, dependent care, 
        housing, workplace accommodations, employee benefits such as 
        paid sick leave and child care, workplace health and safety 
        protections, wages and overtime pay, and needs-related 
        payments.
            (16) Urban indian organization.--The term ``urban Indian 
        organization'' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of 
        the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603).
            (17) Workforce innovation and opportunity act terms.--The 
        terms ``career pathway'', ``career planning'', ``in-demand 
        industry sector or occupation'', ``individual with a barrier to 
        employment'', ``local board'', ``on-the-job training'', 
        ``recognized postsecondary credential'', ``region'', and 
        ``State board'' have the meanings given such terms in section 3 
        of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102).
            (18) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D. 
        Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
        2302).

SEC. 302. AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH A TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CENTER FOR 
              BUILDING THE DIRECT CARE WORKFORCE.

    (a) Program Authorized.--The Secretary shall, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Education, the Administrator 
of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, and the heads of other 
entities as necessary, establish a national technical assistance center 
(referred to in this section as the ``Center'') for--
            (1) supporting direct care workforce creation, training and 
        education, recruitment, retention, and advancement; and
            (2) supporting family caregivers and activities of family 
        caregivers as a critical part of the support team for older 
        adults or people with disabilities.
    (b) Advisory Council.--The Secretary shall establish an advisory 
council to provide recommendations to the Center with respect to the 
duties of the Center under this section and may engage individuals and 
entities described in paragraphs (3)(B), and (12), of section 304(b) 
(without regard to a specific project described in such paragraphs) for 
service on the advisory council.
    (c) Activities.--The Center may--
            (1) develop recommendations for training and education 
        curricula and programs for direct care professionals, which 
        recommendations may include recommendations for curricula for 
        higher education, postsecondary credentials, and programs with 
        community colleges;
            (2) develop learning and dissemination strategies to--
                    (A) engage States and other entities in activities 
                supported by grants under this title and in use of 
                related best practices; and
                    (B) distribute findings from activities supported 
                by grants under this title;
            (3) develop recommendations for training and education 
        curricula and other strategies for supporting family 
        caregivers;
            (4) explore the national data gaps, workforce shortage 
        areas, and data collection strategies for direct care 
        professionals and make recommendations to the Director of the 
        Office of Management and Budget for an occupation category in 
        the Standard Occupational Classification system for direct care 
        professionals as a health care support occupation;
            (5) recommend career development and advancement 
        opportunities for direct care professionals, which may include 
        recommendations for occupational frameworks, national 
        standards, recruitment campaigns, pre-apprenticeship and on-
        the-job training opportunities, apprenticeship programs, career 
        ladders or pathways, specializations or certifications, or 
        other activities; and
            (6) develop strategies for assisting with reporting and 
        evaluation of grant activities under section 305.

SEC. 303. AUTHORITY TO AWARD GRANTS.

    (a) Grants.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
        enactment of this title, the Secretary, in consultation with 
        the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid 
        Services, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of 
        Education, shall award grants described in paragraph (2) to 
        eligible entities. A grant awarded under this section may be in 
        more than 1 category described in such paragraph.
            (2) Categories of grants.--The categories of grants 
        described in this paragraph are each of the following:
                    (A) Direct care professional grants.--Grants to 
                eligible entities to create and carry out projects for 
                the purposes of recruiting, retaining, or providing 
                advancement opportunities for direct care professionals 
                who are not described in subparagraph (B) or (C), 
                including through education or training programs for 
                such professionals or individuals seeking to become 
                such professionals.
                    (B) Direct care professional managers grants.--
                Grants to eligible entities to create and carry out 
                projects for the purposes of recruiting, retaining, or 
                providing advancement opportunities for direct care 
                professionals who are managers or supervisory staff and 
                who have coaching, training, managerial, supervisory, 
                or other oversight responsibilities, including through 
                education or training programs for such individuals 
                professionals or individuals seeking to become such 
                professionals.
                    (C) Self-directed care professionals grants.--
                Grants to eligible entities to create and carry out 
                projects for the purposes of recruiting, retaining, or 
                providing advancement opportunities for self-directed 
                care professionals, including through education or 
                training programs for such professionals or individuals 
                seeking to become such professionals.
                    (D) Family caregiver grants.--Grants to eligible 
                entities to create and carry out projects for providing 
                support to paid or unpaid family caregivers through 
                educational, training, or other resources, including 
                resources for caregiver self-care or educational or 
                training resources for individuals newly in a 
                caregiving role or seeking additional support in the 
                role of a family caregiver.
            (3) Projects for advancement opportunities.--Not less than 
        30 percent of projects assisted with grants under this title 
        shall be projects to provide career pathways that offer 
        opportunities for professional development and advancement 
        opportunities to direct care professionals.
    (b) Treatment of Continuation Activities.--An eligible entity that 
carries out activities described in subsection (a)(2) prior to receipt 
of a grant under this title may use such grant to continue carrying out 
such activities, and, if the entity uses such grant to continue such 
activities, the entity shall be treated as an eligible entity carrying 
out a project through a grant under this title and the activities shall 
be considered to be such a project.

SEC. 304. PROJECT PLANS.

    (a) In General.--An eligible entity seeking a grant under this 
title shall submit to the Secretary a project plan for each project to 
be developed and carried out (including activities to be continued as 
described in section 303(b)) with the grant at such time, in such 
manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.
    (b) Contents.--A project plan submitted by an eligible entity under 
subsection (a) shall include a description of information determined 
relevant by the Secretary for purposes of the category of the grant and 
the activities to be carried out through the grant. Such information 
shall include (as applicable) each of the following:
            (1) The demographics (as defined in section 2) of the 
        population in the State or relevant geographic area, including 
        a description of the populations likely to need long-term care 
        services, such as people with disabilities and older adults.
            (2) Projections of unmet need for services provided by 
        direct care professionals based on enrollment waiting lists 
        under home and community-based waivers under section 1115 of 
        the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1315) or section 1915 of 
        such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396n) and other relevant data to the 
        extent practicable and feasible, such as direct care workforce 
        vacancy rates and crude separation rates, and the number of 
        direct care professionals, including such professionals who are 
        managers or supervisors, in the region.
            (3) Information on an advisory committee to advise the 
        eligible entity on activities to be carried out through the 
        grant. Such advisory committee--
                    (A) may include entities listed in paragraph (12); 
                and
                    (B) shall include--
                            (i) older adults or persons with a 
                        disability;
                            (ii) organizations representing the rights 
                        and interests of people receiving services by 
                        the direct care professionals or family 
                        caregivers targeted by the project;
                            (iii) individuals who are direct care 
                        professionals or family caregivers targeted by 
                        the project and organizations representing the 
                        rights and interests of direct care 
                        professionals or family caregivers;
                            (iv) as applicable, employers of 
                        individuals described in clause (iii) and labor 
                        organizations representing such individuals;
                            (v) representatives of the State Medicaid 
                        agency, the State agency defined in section 102 
                        of the Older Americans Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 
                        3002), the State developmental disabilities 
                        office, and the State behavioral health agency, 
                        in the State (or each State) to be served by 
                        the project; and
                            (vi) representatives reflecting diverse 
                        racial, cultural, ethnic, geographic, 
                        socioeconomic, and gender identity and sexual 
                        orientation perspectives.
            (4) Information on current or projected job openings for, 
        or relevant labor market information related to, the direct 
        care professionals targeted by the project in the State or 
        geographic area to be served by the project, and the geographic 
        scope of the workforce to be served by the project.
            (5) Information on specific efforts and strategies that the 
        entity carrying out the project will undertake to reduce 
        barriers to recruitment, retention, or advancement of the 
        direct care professionals targeted by the project, including an 
        assurance that such efforts will include--
                    (A) an assessment of the wages or other 
                compensation or benefits necessary to recruit and 
                retain the direct care professionals targeted by the 
                project;
                    (B) a description of the project's projected 
                compensation or benefits for the direct care 
                professionals targeted by the project at the State or 
                local level, including a comparison of such projected 
                compensation or benefits to regional and national 
                compensation or benefits and a description of how wages 
                and benefits received by project participants will be 
                impacted by the participation in and completion of the 
                project; and
                    (C) a description of the projected impact of 
                workplace safety issues on the recruitment and 
                retention of direct care professionals targeted by the 
                project, and a description of the availability of 
                personal protective equipment.
            (6) In the case of a project offering an education or 
        training program for direct care professionals, a description 
        of such program (including how the core competencies identified 
        by the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid 
        Services will be incorporated, curricula, models, and standards 
        used under the program, and any associated recognized 
        postsecondary credentials for which the program provides 
        preparation, as applicable), which shall include an assurance 
        that such program will provide to each project participant in 
        such program--
                    (A) relevant education or training regarding the 
                rights of recipients of home and community-based 
                services, including their rights to--
                            (i) receive services in integrated settings 
                        that provide access to the broader community;
                            (ii) exercise self-determination;
                            (iii) be free from all forms of abuse, 
                        neglect, or exploitation; and
                            (iv) person-centered planning and 
                        practices, including participation in planning 
                        activities;
                    (B) relevant education or training to ensure that 
                each project participant has the necessary skills to 
                recognize abuse and understand their obligations with 
                regard to reporting and responding to abuse 
                appropriately in accordance with relevant Federal and 
                State law;
                    (C) relevant education or training regarding the 
                provision of culturally competent and disability 
                competent supports to recipients of services provided 
                by the direct care professionals targeted by the 
                project;
                    (D) an apprenticeship program, work-based learning, 
                or on-the-job training opportunities;
                    (E) supervision or mentoring; and
                    (F) for any on-the-job training portion of the 
                program, a progressively increasing, clearly defined 
                schedule of wages to be paid to each such participant 
                that--
                            (i) is consistent with skill gains or 
                        attainment of a recognized postsecondary 
                        credential described in the plan and received 
                        as a result of participation in or completion 
                        of such program; and
                            (ii) ensures the entry wage is not less 
                        than the greater of--
                                    (I) the minimum wage required under 
                                section 6(a) of the Fair Labor 
                                Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 
                                206(a)); or
                                    (II) the applicable wage required 
                                by other applicable Federal or State 
                                law, or a collective bargaining 
                                agreement.
            (7) A description of any innovative models or processes, 
        not described in another paragraph of this subsection, the 
        eligible entity will implement to support the retention and 
        career advancement of the direct care professionals targeted by 
        the project.
            (8) A description of the supportive services and benefits 
        to be provided to the project participants in order to support 
        the employment, retention, or career advancement of the direct 
        care professionals targeted by the project.
            (9) A description of how the eligible entity will make use 
        of career planning to support the identification of advancement 
        opportunities and career pathways for the direct care 
        professionals in the State or geographic area to be served by 
        the project.
            (10) A description of how the eligible entity will collect 
        and submit to the Secretary workforce data and outcomes of the 
        project.
            (11) A description of how the project--
                    (A) will--
                            (i) provide adequate and safe equipment and 
                        facilities for training and supervision, 
                        including a safe work environment free from 
                        discrimination, which may include the provision 
                        of personal protective equipment and other 
                        necessary equipment to prevent the spread of 
                        infectious disease among the direct care 
                        professionals targeted by the project and 
                        recipients of services provided by such 
                        professionals;
                            (ii) incorporate remote training and 
                        education opportunities or technology-supported 
                        opportunities;
                            (iii) for training and education curricula, 
                        incorporate evidenced-supported practices for 
                        adult learners and universal design for 
                        learning and ensure recipients of services 
                        provided by the direct care professionals or 
                        family caregivers targeted by the project 
                        participate in the development and 
                        implementation of such training and education 
                        curricula;
                            (iv) use outreach, recruitment, and 
                        retention strategies designed to reach and 
                        retain a diverse workforce;
                            (v) incorporate methods to monitor 
                        satisfaction with project activities for 
                        project participants and individuals receiving 
                        services from such participants;
                            (vi) incorporate evidence-supported 
                        practices for family caregiver engagement; and
                            (vii) incorporate core competencies 
                        identified by the Administrator of the Centers 
                        for Medicare & Medicaid Services; and
                    (B) may incorporate continuing education programs 
                and specialty training, with a specific focus on--
                            (i) trauma-informed care;
                            (ii) behavioral health, including co-
                        occurring behavioral health conditions and 
                        intellectual or developmental disabilities;
                            (iii) Alzheimer's and dementia care;
                            (iv) chronic disease management; or
                            (v) the use of supportive or assistive 
                        technology.
            (12) A description of how the eligible entity will consult 
        on the implementation of the project, or coordinate the project 
        with, each of the following entities, to the extent that each 
        such entity is not the eligible entity:
                    (A) The State Medicaid agency, State agency defined 
                in section 102 of the Older Americans Act of 1965 (42 
                U.S.C. 3002), and the State developmental disabilities 
                office for the State (or each State) to be served by 
                the project.
                    (B) The local board and State board for each 
                geographic area, or State, to be served by the project.
                    (C) In the case of a project that carries out an 
                education or training program, a nonprofit organization 
                with demonstrated experience in the development or 
                delivery of curricula or coursework.
                    (D) A nonprofit organization, which may be a labor 
                organization, that fosters the professional development 
                and collective engagement of the direct care 
                professionals or family caregivers targeted by the 
                project.
                    (E) Area agencies on aging, as defined in section 
                102 of the Older Americans Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 
                3002).
                    (F) Centers for independent living, as described in 
                part C of chapter 1 of title VII of the Rehabilitation 
                Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 796f et seq.).
                    (G) The State Council on Developmental Disabilities 
                (as such term is used in subtitle B of title I of the 
                Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of 
                Rights Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 15021 et seq.)) for the 
                State (or each State) to be served by the project.
                    (H) Aging and Disability Resource Centers (as 
                defined in section 102 of the Older Americans Act of 
                1965 (42 U.S.C. 3002)).
                    (I) A nonprofit State provider association that 
                represents providers who employ the direct care 
                professionals or family caregivers targeted by the 
                project, where such an association exists.
                    (J) An entity that employs the direct care 
                professionals or family caregivers targeted by the 
                project.
                    (K) University Centers for Excellence in 
                Developmental Disabilities Education, Research, and 
                Service supported under subtitle D of title I of the 
                Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of 
                Rights Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 15061 et seq.).
                    (L) The State protection and advocacy system 
                described in section 143 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 15043) 
                of the State (or each State) to be served by the 
                project.
                    (M) Direct care professionals or family caregivers 
                targeted by the project, or workforce organizations for 
                such professionals or caregivers as applicable, 
                representing underserved communities.
            (13) A description of how the eligible entity will consult 
        throughout the project with--
                    (A) individuals employed or working as the direct 
                care professionals or family caregivers targeted by the 
                project;
                    (B) representatives of such professionals or 
                caregivers;
                    (C) individuals assisted by such professionals or 
                caregivers;
                    (D) the families of such professionals or 
                caregivers; and
                    (E) individuals receiving education or training to 
                become such professionals or caregivers.
            (14) A description of outreach efforts to individuals for 
        participation in such project, including targeted outreach 
        efforts to--
                    (A) individuals who are recipients of assistance 
                under a State program funded under part A of title IV 
                of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) or 
                individuals who are eligible for such assistance; and
                    (B) individuals with barriers to employment.
    (c) Considerations.--In selecting eligible entities to receive a 
grant under this title, the Secretary shall ensure--
            (1) equitable geographic diversity, including by selecting 
        recipients serving rural areas and selecting recipients serving 
        urban areas; and
            (2) that selected eligible entities will serve areas where 
        the occupation of a direct care professional, or a related 
        occupation, is an in-demand industry sector or occupation.
    (d) Uses of Funds; Supplement, Not Supplant.--
            (1) Uses of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Each eligible entity receiving a 
                grant under this title shall use the funds of such 
                grant to carry out at least 1 project described in 
                section 303(a)(2).
                    (B) Administrative costs.--Each eligible entity 
                receiving a grant under this title shall not use more 
                than 5 percent of the funds of such grant for costs 
                associated with the administration of activities under 
                this title.
                    (C) Direct support.--Each eligible entity receiving 
                a grant under this title shall use not less than 5 
                percent of the funds of such grant to provide direct 
                financial benefits or supportive services to project 
                participants who are direct care professionals or paid 
                or unpaid family caregivers to support the financial 
                needs of such participants during the duration of the 
                project activities.
            (2) Supplement, not supplant.--An eligible entity receiving 
        a grant under this title shall use such grant only to 
        supplement, and not supplant, the amount of government funds 
        that, in the absence of such grant, would be available to 
        address the recruitment, training and education, retention, and 
        advancement of direct care professionals or provide support for 
        family caregivers, in the State or geographic area served by 
        the eligible entity.
            (3) Prohibition.--No amounts made available under this 
        title may be used for any activity that is subject to the 
        reporting requirements set forth in section 203(a) of the 
        Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (29 
        U.S.C. 433(a)).

SEC. 305. EVALUATIONS AND REPORTS; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Reporting Requirements by Grant Recipients.--
            (1) In general.--An eligible entity receiving a grant under 
        this title shall cooperate with the Secretary and annually 
        provide a report to the Secretary that includes any relevant 
        data requested by the Secretary in a manner specified by the 
        Secretary.
            (2) Contents.--The data requested by the Secretary for an 
        annual report may include any of the following (as determined 
        relevant by the Secretary with respect to the category of the 
        grant and each project supported through the grant):
                    (A) The number of individuals and the demographics 
                categories served by each project supported by the 
                grant, including--
                            (i) the number of individuals recruited 
                        through each such project to be employed as a 
                        direct care professional;
                            (ii) the number of individuals who through 
                        each such project attained employment as a 
                        direct care professional; and
                            (iii) the number of individuals who 
                        enrolled in each such project and withdrew or 
                        were terminated from that project without 
                        completing training or attaining employment as 
                        a direct care professional.
                    (B) The number of family caregivers participating 
                in an education or training program through each 
                project supported by the grant.
                    (C) The number of project participants who through 
                each such project participated in and completed--
                            (i) work-based learning;
                            (ii) on-the-job training;
                            (iii) an apprenticeship program; or
                            (iv) a professional development or 
                        mentoring program.
                    (D)(i) Other services, benefits, or supports (other 
                than the services, benefits, or supports described in 
                subparagraph (C)) provided through each such project to 
                assist in the recruitment, retention, or advancement of 
                direct care professionals (including through education 
                or training for such professionals or individuals 
                seeking to become such professionals);
                    (ii) the number of individuals who accessed such 
                services, benefits, or supports; and
                    (iii) the impact of such services, benefits, or 
                supports.
                    (E) The crude separation and vacancy rates of 
                direct care professionals, and such rates for those 
                professionals who are managers or supervisors, in the 
                geographic area for a number of years before the grant 
                was awarded, as the number of years is determined by 
                the Secretary, and annually thereafter for the duration 
                of the grant period.
                    (F) How each project supported by the grant 
                assessed satisfaction with respect to--
                            (i) project participants assisted by the 
                        project;
                            (ii) individuals receiving services 
                        delivered by project participants, including 
                        satisfaction regarding--
                                    (I) any impact on the health or 
                                health outcomes of such individuals; 
                                and
                                    (II) any impact on the ability of 
                                individuals to transition to or remain 
                                in the community in an environment that 
                                has the qualities established in 
                                section 441.301(c)(4) of title 42, Code 
                                of Federal Regulations (or successor 
                                regulations); and
                            (iii) employers of such project 
                        participants.
                    (G) The performance of the eligible entity with 
                respect to the indicators of performance on 
                unsubsidized employment, median earnings, credential 
                attainment, measurable skill gains, and employer 
                satisfaction.
                    (H) Any other information with respect to outcomes 
                of the project as determined by the Secretary.
    (b) Annual Report to Congress by Secretary.--Not later than 2 years 
after the date of enactment of this title, and each year thereafter 
until all projects supported through a grant under this title are 
completed, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to Congress an annual 
report on the progress of each project supported through a grant under 
this title and the activities of the technical assistance center 
established under section 302.
    (c) GAO Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which all 
projects supported through a grant under this title are completed, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study and 
submit to Congress a report including--
            (1) an assessment of how the technical assistance center 
        established under section 302 and the projects supported 
        through a grant under this title assisted in the creation, 
        recruitment, training and education, retention, and advancement 
        of the direct care workforce or in providing support for family 
        caregivers; and
            (2) recommendations for such legislative or administrative 
        actions needed for improving the assistance described in 
        paragraph (1), as the Comptroller General determines 
        appropriate.
    (d) Independent Evaluations.--Not later than 6 months after the 
date of enactment of this title, the Secretary shall enter into a 
contract with an independent entity to provide independent evaluations 
of activities supported by grants under this title and activities of 
the technical assistance center established under section 302.

SEC. 306. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated--
            (1) for the establishment and activities of the technical 
        assistance center under section 302, $2,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2029 through 2030; and
            (2) for grants under section 303, $1,000,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2029.
    (b) Availability.--Amounts made available under this title shall 
remain available through September 30, 2038.

                          TITLE IV--EVALUATION

SEC. 401. EVALUATION OF IMPACT ON ACCESS TO HCBS.

    (a) National Survey on Expanded HCBS Access.--The Administrator of 
the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, in coordination with the 
National Academy of Medicine, shall, not later than 7 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, conduct or contract for a national 
survey of States, direct care professionals, family caregivers, and 
providers and recipients of home and community-based services, to 
determine the effects of the implementation of this Act and the 
amendments made by this Act on--
            (1) the availability and access to home and community-based 
        services under the Medicaid program nationally and in each 
        State;
            (2) the capacity of the direct service workforce to provide 
        home and community-based services and information on the 
        demographics (as defined in section 2) of such workforce;
            (3) the compensation and working conditions, including 
        scheduling and benefits, of direct care workers;
            (4) the economic effects on beneficiaries and on families 
        with a member receiving home and community-based services 
        through Medicaid;
            (5) the availability of direct care workers and services 
        for people needing long-term services and supports who are not 
        Medicaid eligible;
            (6) family caregivers; and
            (7) recommendations for measures to further expand and 
        enhance access home and community-based services.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 9 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid 
Services shall publish a report containing the results of the survey 
conducted under subsection (a).
    (c) American Community Survey Addition.--The Secretary of Commerce, 
acting through the Bureau of the Census, shall add to the American 
Community Survey a question designed to identify the need for long-term 
services and supports by residents of the United States.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary such sums as are necessary to carry out 
this section.
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