[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5244 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5244

    To amend the Public Health Service Act with respect to the drug 
               discount program, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             August 5, 2026

   Mr. Moran (for himself, Ms. Baldwin, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Kaine, Mr. 
Boozman, and Mr. Hickenlooper) introduced the following bill; which was 
 read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
                              and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To amend the Public Health Service Act with respect to the drug 
               discount program, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Supporting 
Underserved and Strengthening Transparency, Accountability, and 
Integrity Now and for the Future of 340B Act'' or the ``SUSTAIN 340B 
Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 3. Contract pharmacy.
Sec. 4. Patient definition.
Sec. 5. 340B Rebate Model Pilot Program sunset.
Sec. 6. Child sites.
Sec. 7. Transparency.
Sec. 8. Enhancing program integrity.
Sec. 9. Preventing duplicate discounts.
Sec. 10. Patient financial assistance.
Sec. 11. Ensuring the equitable treatment of covered entities and 
                            pharmacies participating in the 340B drug 
                            discount program.
Sec. 12. User fee program.
Sec. 13. Studies and reports.
Sec. 14. Additional resources.
Sec. 15. Definitions.
Sec. 16. Effective date.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the purpose of the drug discount 
program under section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
256b) is to stretch scarce Federal resources and help safety net 
providers maintain, improve, and expand patient access to health care 
services by requiring drug manufacturers, as a condition of 
participation in the Medicaid program under title XIX of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) and the Medicare program under 
part B of title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395j et 
seq.), to provide discounts at the point of purchase to covered 
entities that serve a disproportionate share of low-income and 
underserved patients or medically vulnerable patients.

SEC. 3. CONTRACT PHARMACY.

    (a) Use of Contract Pharmacies.--Section 340B(a) of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
            ``(11) Contract pharmacies.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A covered entity may elect to 
                use one or more wholly-owned pharmacies, in addition to 
                one or more contract pharmacies, to acquire and 
                dispense to patients of the covered entity covered 
                outpatient drugs purchased by the covered entity 
                pursuant to an agreement described in paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Limits on certain contract pharmacies.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        each covered entity that elects to use one or 
                        more contract pharmacies to dispense covered 
                        outpatient drugs purchased by the covered 
                        entity pursuant to an agreement described in 
                        paragraph (1) to patients of the covered entity 
                        shall cancel the contract with any such 
                        pharmacy that has not dispensed any covered 
                        outpatient drugs to such patients in the most 
                        recent 12-month period.
                            ``(ii) Exceptions.--A covered entity is not 
                        required to cancel the contract of a pharmacy 
                        that has not dispensed covered outpatient drugs 
                        in the most recent 12-month period, as 
                        described in clause (i), if--
                                    ``(I) there is a change of 
                                ownership of the covered entity or 
                                pharmacy requiring a new contract to 
                                continue an established arrangement;
                                    ``(II) there is a change to the 
                                covered entity's service area;
                                    ``(III) the contract pharmacy is 
                                necessary for the covered entity to 
                                preserve access for emergency or 
                                contingency use; or
                                    ``(IV) other circumstances exist, 
                                as the Secretary may determine 
                                appropriate.
                            ``(iii) Threshold for high number of 
                        contract pharmacies.--The Secretary may develop 
                        a process that is not overly burdensome to the 
                        covered entities to increase audits on covered 
                        entities that use a high number of contract 
                        pharmacies, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(C) Registration of contract.--A covered entity 
                shall register with the Secretary, and annually 
                recertify, any contract for a contract pharmacy 
                arrangement, in accordance with such registration 
                requirements as the Secretary may establish through 
                regulations. Such registration requirements shall 
                include requiring the covered entity to do each of the 
                following:
                            ``(i) Submit all contract pharmacy 
                        agreements to the Secretary in a timely manner, 
                        prior to implementing the contract pharmacy 
                        agreement.
                            ``(ii) Register each contract pharmacy 
                        arrangement with the Secretary prior to 
                        implementing the contract pharmacy agreement.
                            ``(iii) Attest to the covered entity's 
                        compliance with the requirements under this 
                        section.
                    ``(D) Contract review process.--The Secretary shall 
                establish a process to review written agreements 
                between a covered entity and each of its contract 
                pharmacies described in subparagraph (E)(i), to ensure 
                compliance with the requirements under this subsection.
                    ``(E) Improvements in contract pharmacy arrangement 
                integrity.--To ensure the integrity of contract 
                pharmacy arrangements described in this paragraph, 
                including to prevent diversion and duplicate discounts 
                described in paragraph (5)(A), the Secretary shall 
                promulgate rules to carry out the following:
                            ``(i) Require a written agreement between a 
                        covered entity and one or more contract 
                        pharmacies of the covered entity. Each such 
                        agreement shall--
                                    ``(I) list the address of each 
                                contract pharmacy location that will 
                                dispense drugs on behalf of the covered 
                                entity or reference the list of such 
                                covered entity sites that are active 
                                sites in the 340B Office of Pharmacy 
                                Affairs Information System (or a 
                                successor to such system);
                                    ``(II) be signed and in effect not 
                                later than the day before the contract 
                                pharmacy begins dispensing covered 
                                outpatient drugs purchased under this 
                                section on behalf of the covered 
                                entity; and
                                    ``(III) include the standard 
                                contract provisions established under 
                                clause (ii).
                            ``(ii) Develop standard contract provisions 
                        that are required to be included in each 
                        written agreement described in clause (i), 
                        including provisions providing that--
                                    ``(I) the contract pharmacy is 
                                required to provide pharmacy services;
                                    ``(II) the contract pharmacy is 
                                required to provide data to the covered 
                                entity to support the submission by the 
                                covered entity of covered outpatient 
                                data to a clearinghouse contracted 
                                entity described in section 1150D(a) of 
                                the Social Security Act;
                                    ``(III) neither the contract 
                                pharmacy nor the covered entity will 
                                require a patient to use a certain 
                                pharmacy or to obtain a prescription 
                                from the covered entity, or otherwise 
                                interfere with patient choice of a 
                                pharmacy provider, except in the case 
                                of a covered entity participating in 
                                the program under section 2616;
                                    ``(IV) the contract pharmacy may 
                                provide other services to the covered 
                                entity or its patients at the option of 
                                the covered entity, such as home care, 
                                delivery, or reimbursement services;
                                    ``(V) regardless of the services 
                                provided by the contract pharmacy, 
                                access to covered outpatient drugs 
                                purchased under this section will be 
                                restricted to patients of the covered 
                                entity;
                                    ``(VI) the contract pharmacy will 
                                provide the covered entity with any 
                                information requested consistent with 
                                customary business practices, such as 
                                quarterly billing statements, status 
                                reports of collections, or receiving 
                                and dispensing records;
                                    ``(VII) the covered entity and the 
                                contract pharmacy will develop and 
                                implement a system to verify 
                                eligibility of patients, in accordance 
                                with subsection (b)(3), and will 
                                establish and maintain safeguards to 
                                prevent diversion of covered outpatient 
                                drugs;
                                    ``(VIII) the contract pharmacy may 
                                not use covered outpatient drugs 
                                purchased under this section to 
                                dispense prescriptions that are 
                                reimbursed under the Medicaid program 
                                under title XIX of the Social Security 
                                Act, unless the covered entity, the 
                                contract pharmacy, and the State 
                                Medicaid agency have established an 
                                arrangement to prevent duplicate 
                                discounts, consistent with paragraph 
                                (5)(A), and such arrangement is 
                                reported to the Secretary;
                                    ``(IX) the contract pharmacy agrees 
                                to be subject to annual independent 
                                audits commissioned by the covered 
                                entity; and
                                    ``(X) both the covered entity and 
                                the contract pharmacy shall be subject 
                                to audits, by the Secretary and drug 
                                manufacturers, of records that pertain 
                                to the covered entity's compliance with 
                                paragraph (5), to prevent diversion and 
                                violations of the duplicate discount 
                                prohibition.
                            ``(iii) Review written agreements, at the 
                        time of registration or recertification, or 
                        more frequently if the Secretary determines 
                        necessary, between covered entities and 
                        contract pharmacies to ensure compliance with 
                        the requirements under this section, to analyze 
                        program operations, and to provide program 
                        oversight.
                            ``(iv) Provide specific guidance to covered 
                        entities regarding the practices and procedures 
                        for contract pharmacy oversight, including the 
                        scope and frequency of such oversight.
                            ``(v) Establish a retention period of at 
                        least 3 years during which covered entities and 
                        contract pharmacies are required to maintain 
                        all relevant auditable records in relation to 
                        contract pharmacy arrangements, including 
                        records relating to transactions of drugs 
                        purchased pursuant to an agreement under 
                        paragraph (1), sufficient to demonstrate 
                        compliance with the requirements described in 
                        paragraph (5).''.
    (b) Manufacturer Requirements.--Section 340B(a) of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as amended by subsection (a), 
is further amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(12) Manufacturer requirements.--A manufacturer of a 
        covered outpatient drug that is subject to an agreement with 
        the Secretary under paragraph (1) shall, as a condition of such 
        agreement, comply with the following requirements:
                    ``(A) Offer the covered entity covered outpatient 
                drugs for purchase at or below the applicable ceiling 
                price described in paragraph (1) regardless of whether 
                the drug is dispensed directly by the covered entity or 
                through a contract pharmacy of the covered entity.
                    ``(B) Deliver or allow the delivery of covered 
                outpatient drugs purchased by a covered entity at or 
                below the applicable ceiling price described in 
                paragraph (1) to locations, including pharmacy 
                locations as requested by a covered entity, in 
                accordance with the covered entity's contract pharmacy 
                agreements.
                    ``(C) Not, directly or indirectly, place any of the 
                following conditions on the offers made to a covered 
                entity to purchase a covered outpatient drug at or 
                below the applicable ceiling price described in 
                paragraph (1) for dispensing according to the 
                applicable written contract pharmacy arrangements:
                            ``(i) Restricting distribution options only 
                        with respect to covered outpatient drugs, 
                        covered entities, or contract pharmacies.
                            ``(ii) Requiring the submission of claims 
                        data to the manufacturer, except for 
                        submissions to the entity receiving the 
                        contract to maintain the clearinghouse under 
                        section 1150D of the Social Security Act.
                            ``(iii) Such other conditions as the 
                        Secretary may prohibit through notice and 
                        comment rulemaking.''.
    (c) Program Integrity.--Section 340B(d)(1)(B)(vi)(III) of the 
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(d)(1)(B)(vi)(III)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``intentionally charges'' and inserting the 
        following: ``intentionally--
                                            ``(aa) charges'';
            (2) by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                                            ``(bb) refuses to offer a 
                                        covered outpatient drug for 
                                        purchase at or below the 
                                        ceiling price;
                                            ``(cc) refuses to deliver a 
                                        covered outpatient drug 
                                        purchased by a covered entity 
                                        at or below the ceiling price; 
                                        or
                                            ``(dd) places conditions on 
                                        the ability of a covered entity 
                                        to purchase a covered 
                                        outpatient drug at or below the 
                                        ceiling price.''.
    (d) Transparency.--Paragraph (11) of section 340B(a) of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as added by subsection (a), is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Transparency.--Each covered entity that uses 
                one or more contract pharmacies as described in this 
                paragraph shall make the following information about 
                each contract pharmacy arrangement pursuant to this 
                paragraph and registered under subparagraph (C) 
                available to the Secretary for publication on the 
                website of the Department of Health and Human Services:
                            ``(i) The name of the covered entity, 
                        including each child site, that uses a contract 
                        pharmacy.
                            ``(ii) The name and address of each 
                        contract pharmacy location to which the 
                        contract pharmacy arrangement applies.
                            ``(iii) The effective date of the contract 
                        pharmacy arrangement.
                            ``(iv) The last year a covered outpatient 
                        drug was dispensed under the contract pharmacy 
                        arrangement from each location.
                            ``(v) The number of covered outpatient 
                        drugs dispensed annually from each location 
                        under this section.
                            ``(vi) Whether the contract pharmacy is a 
                        mail-order or payer-mandated pharmacy.''.
    (e) Auditing.--Section 340B(a)(5)(C) of the Public Health Service 
Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)(C)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``A covered entity'' and inserting the 
        following:
                            ``(i) In general.--A covered entity''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Contract pharmacy audits.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--A covered entity 
                                that uses one or more contract 
                                pharmacies shall permit the Secretary 
                                or the manufacturer of a covered 
                                outpatient drug that the covered entity 
                                or pharmacy purchased under this 
                                section to audit at the Secretary's or 
                                the manufacturer's expense the records 
                                of the covered entity and contract 
                                pharmacy to assess compliance with the 
                                contract pharmacy requirements under 
                                paragraph (11) with respect to drugs of 
                                the manufacturer.
                                    ``(II) Process.-- In order to 
                                initiate an audit under subclause (I), 
                                a manufacturer shall--
                                            ``(aa) demonstrate credible 
                                        allegations to the Secretary 
                                        about noncompliance under 
                                        subparagraph (B) or (C) of 
                                        paragraph (11) and evidence of 
                                        good faith outreach to 
                                        determine compliance, including 
                                        through--

                                                    ``(AA) notification 
                                                to the covered entity 
                                                in writing when the 
                                                manufacturer determined 
                                                that the covered entity 
                                                may have violated the 
                                                requirements under 
                                                subparagraph (B) or (C) 
                                                of paragraph (11); and

                                                    ``(BB) providing 
                                                the covered entity a 
                                                30-day period, 
                                                beginning on the date 
                                                of notification under 
                                                subitem (AA), to 
                                                resolve the matter; and

                                            ``(bb) submit to the 
                                        Secretary evidence of the 
                                        credible allegations described 
                                        in item (aa) to request 
                                        authorization to proceed with 
                                        an audit of the covered entity.
                                    ``(III) Corporate officers.--A 
                                corporate officer of the covered entity 
                                shall be responsible for corrections of 
                                noncompliance identified in an audit 
                                conducted under this clause.
                                    ``(IV) Authority to establish audit 
                                process.--The Secretary shall 
                                establish, through notice and comment 
                                rulemaking, a process for making a 
                                determination of a credible allegation 
                                under this clause, a timeline for 
                                making such a determination, and the 
                                audit process relating to the number, 
                                scope, and duration of audits 
                                authorized under this clause.''.

SEC. 4. PATIENT DEFINITION.

    (a) Patient Definition.--
            (1) In general.--Section 340B(b) of the Public Health 
        Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(b)) is amended to add at the end of 
        the following:
            ``(3) Patient.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In this section, the term 
                `patient', with respect to a covered entity, means an 
                individual who--
                            ``(i) has received an outpatient health 
                        care service from the covered entity at any 
                        point within the preceding 2 years;
                            ``(ii) has a relationship with the covered 
                        entity such that the covered entity creates and 
                        maintains an auditable medical record in a form 
                        and manner consistent with State and Federal 
                        law, that demonstrates the existence of a 
                        patient relationship in accordance with this 
                        paragraph for each prescription or order for a 
                        covered outpatient drug, and maintains such 
                        record for a period of at least 3 years, or 
                        longer if required by State or Federal law; and
                            ``(iii) received a prescription or order 
                        for a covered outpatient drug--
                                    ``(I) from a practitioner as a 
                                result of an outpatient health care 
                                service described in clause (i); or
                                    ``(II) as a result of a referral 
                                described in subsection (a)(13).
                    ``(B) AIDS drug purchasing assistance program 
                patients.--An individual registered in the program of a 
                covered entity described in subsection (a)(4)(E) is a 
                patient of the covered entity for purposes of this 
                paragraph.
                    ``(C) State or political subdivision of a state 
                receiving funding under section 318.--An individual who 
                receives a drug purchased by a State or political 
                subdivision of a State, for the treatment of a disease 
                or condition for which the State or political 
                subdivision of a State has received such award under 
                section 318, is a patient exclusively of the State or 
                political subdivision of the State for the purpose of 
                qualifying that prescription for 340B pricing under 
                this section.
                    ``(D) Exclusions.--For purposes of this section, an 
                individual shall not be considered a patient of a 
                covered entity if the outpatient health care services 
                received by the individual consist only of--
                            ``(i) the administration of a drug, or the 
                        dispensing of a drug for subsequent self-
                        administration or administration in the home 
                        setting; or
                            ``(ii) an infusion of a drug.
                    ``(E) Exception for discharge prescriptions.--In 
                the case of a patient discharged from an emergency 
                department or inpatient hospital stay from a covered 
                entity described in any of subparagraph (A) through (O) 
                of subsection (a)(4) that results in an outpatient 
                prescription, a covered entity may provide such drug to 
                the individual as a covered outpatient drug pursuant to 
                the program under this section, and shall be deemed to 
                meet the requirements for establishment of a patient 
                under subparagraph (A) in the same manner and under the 
                same conditions as the covered entity would provide 
                such drug to such patient had the covered entity 
                prescribed the drug.
            ``(4) Outpatient health care service.--The term `outpatient 
        health care service' means an outpatient health care service--
                    ``(A) that was furnished pursuant to a valid, 
                written order that is documented or a referral that is 
                documented in the medical record for the patient that 
                is maintained by the covered entity; and
                    ``(B)(i) for which reimbursement under title XVIII 
                or XIX of the Social Security Act would be available 
                when the services were furnished;
                    ``(ii) that can be identified by a CPT established 
                by the American Medical Association or HCPCS code 
                established by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid 
                Services as of the date the services were furnished; or
                    ``(iii) in the case of covered entity described in 
                any of subparagraphs (A) through (K) of subsection 
                (a)(4), that is a service that is consistent with the 
                scope of the grant or designation described in the 
                applicable such subparagraph.
            ``(5) Practitioner.--The term `practitioner' means a health 
        care practitioner who--
                    ``(A)(i) is an employee or independent contractor 
                of a covered entity, and the covered entity bills for 
                such services and is responsible for the care furnished 
                by such practitioner; or
                    ``(ii) furnishes health care services under an 
                ongoing contractual obligation to a covered entity, 
                cooperative arrangement pursuant to section 330 with a 
                covered entity described in subsection (a)(4)(A), or, 
                only in the case of a covered entity that is prohibited 
                to enter into contractual obligations, pursuant to 
                medical staff membership with a covered entity, such 
                that the covered entity maintains clinical 
                responsibility for the health care services that 
                resulted in the patient receiving a prescription or 
                order for the covered outpatient drug; and
                    ``(B) is not excluded, pursuant to section 1128 of 
                the Social Security Act, from participation in the 
                Medicare program or a State health care program (as 
                defined in section 1128(h) of the Social Security 
                Act).''.
            (2) Audits.--Section 340B(a)(5)(C) of the Public Health 
        Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)(C)), as amended by section 
        3(e), is further amended by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Audits relating to patient 
                        status.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--A covered entity 
                                providing covered outpatient drugs 
                                pursuant to an agreement under 
                                paragraph (1) shall permit the 
                                Secretary and the manufacturer to 
                                audit, at the Secretary's or 
                                manufacturer's expense, the records of 
                                the entity with respect to drugs of the 
                                manufacturer that directly pertain to 
                                the entity's compliance with--
                                            ``(aa) treating individuals 
                                        as patients of the entity only 
                                        as described in subsection 
                                        (b)(3); and
                                            ``(bb) the requirements for 
                                        providing such drugs to 
                                        referred patients pursuant to 
                                        paragraph (13).
                                    ``(II) Auditing.--The Secretary 
                                shall audit the records of covered 
                                entities with respect to records 
                                described in this clause not less 
                                frequently than every 3 years, and 
                                shall audit high-risk and high-volume, 
                                as defined by the Secretary, covered 
                                entities more frequently, in a manner 
                                that is not overly burdensome to the 
                                covered entity. The Secretary shall 
                                establish a mechanism for manufacturers 
                                to request and authorize audits 
                                specific to referral prescription 
                                eligibility under paragraph (13) upon 
                                demonstration of a credible allegation 
                                of non-compliance.
                                    ``(III) Authority to establish 
                                process.--The Secretary shall 
                                establish, through notice and comment 
                                rulemaking, a process for manufacturers 
                                and covered entities to make a good 
                                faith attempt to resolve any concerns 
                                identified by a manufacturer prior to 
                                the initiation of an audit under this 
                                clause. A manufacturer shall provide to 
                                the covered entity the same materials 
                                that the manufacturer provided to the 
                                Secretary to support a credible 
                                allegation under this clause, as 
                                determined by the Secretary.''.
            (3) Enforcement.--Section 340B(a)(5)(D) of the Public 
        Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)(D)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``subparagraphs (A)'' and inserting 
                ``subparagraph (A)'';
                    (B) by striking ``If the Secretary'' and inserting 
                the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--If the Secretary''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Sanctions for noncompliance with 
                        patient status requirements.--If the Secretary 
                        determines, after an audit described in 
                        subparagraph (C)(iii), a covered entity to not 
                        be in compliance with the requirements of 
                        treating an individual as a patient of the 
                        covered entity as described in subsection 
                        (b)(3) or the requirements of paragraph (13)--
                                    ``(I) the covered entity shall 
                                develop a corrective action plan, which 
                                shall be subject to approval and 
                                monitoring by the Secretary; and
                                    ``(II) if the Secretary determines 
                                that the covered entity has not 
                                adequately corrected its noncompliance 
                                in accordance with such plan--
                                            ``(aa) the covered entity 
                                        shall be ineligible to 
                                        participate in the drug 
                                        discount program under this 
                                        section for a period determined 
                                        by the Secretary, not to exceed 
                                        3 years; and
                                            ``(bb) the Secretary may 
                                        order the covered entity to pay 
                                        civil monetary penalties, 
                                        pursuant to subpart O of part 
                                        1003 of title 42, Code of 
                                        Federal Regulations (or any 
                                        successor regulations), with 
                                        respect to any covered 
                                        outpatient drugs purchased by 
                                        the covered entity during the 
                                        period in which the covered 
                                        entity was found to be not in 
                                        compliance with the 
                                        requirements of treating an 
                                        individual as a patient of the 
                                        entity as described in 
                                        subsection (b)(3) or the 
                                        requirements of paragraph 
                                        (13).''.
    (b) Covered Entity Registration.--Section 340B(a)(5) of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
                    ``(E) Covered entity registration.--As a condition 
                for participation in the drug discount program under 
                this section, a covered entity shall register with the 
                Secretary and be listed on the 340B Office of Pharmacy 
                Affairs Information System (or a successor to such 
                system).''.
    (c) Treatment of Certain Prescriptions for Patients Referred to 
Non-340B Providers.--Section 340B(a) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as amended by section 3(b), is further amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) Referral prescriptions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of a patient of an 
                eligible covered entity who is referred by such covered 
                entity to a prescribing provider who is not providing 
                care on behalf of a covered entity, and such 
                prescribing provider prescribes a drug within 12 months 
                of the patient receiving such referral, the eligible 
                covered entity may provide such drug to such patient as 
                a covered outpatient drug pursuant to the program under 
                this section, in the same manner and under the same 
                conditions as the covered entity would provide such 
                drug to such patient had the covered entity prescribed 
                the drug, in accordance with the requirements under 
                subparagraph (C).
                    ``(B) Eligible covered entity.--For purposes of 
                this paragraph, a covered entity is an eligible covered 
                entity if such entity is--
                            ``(i) an entity described in any of 
                        subparagraphs (A) through (K) or (N) of 
                        paragraph (4); or
                            ``(ii) a sole community hospital described 
                        in paragraph (4)(O).
                    ``(C) Requirements.--
                            ``(i) In general.--An eligible covered 
                        entity may provide a drug to a patient as 
                        described in subparagraph (A) only if--
                                    ``(I) the covered entity has a 
                                documented relationship with the 
                                patient, as described in subsection 
                                (b)(3), and has documentation of the 
                                provision of care provided by the 
                                covered entity and the prescribing 
                                provider and consultation with the 
                                prescribing provider regarding such 
                                patient, including documentation of the 
                                referral and the prescription;
                                    ``(II) the patient was referred to 
                                the prescribing provider who prescribed 
                                the drug by the covered entity;
                                    ``(III) the prescription is filled 
                                at the covered entity's wholly-owned 
                                pharmacy or contract pharmacy;
                                    ``(IV) the covered entity 
                                maintains, for a period of at least 3 
                                years, documentation of compliance with 
                                this paragraph, including all documents 
                                subject to audit under paragraph 
                                (5)(C);
                                    ``(V) the covered entity does not 
                                share the savings received from 
                                purchasing the covered outpatient drug 
                                with the prescribing provider; and
                                    ``(VI) the covered entity meets 
                                such other requirements as the 
                                Secretary may establish through notice 
                                and comment rulemaking.
                            ``(ii) Excepted drugs.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Except as 
                                provided in subclause (II), a covered 
                                entity may not provide a patient a 
                                covered outpatient drug pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (A) if such drug--
                                            ``(aa) is an infused drug;
                                            ``(bb) is a clinician-
                                        administered drug; or
                                            ``(cc) otherwise requires 
                                        administration by a clinician.
                                    ``(II) Exceptions.--A covered 
                                entity may provide a patient a covered 
                                outpatient drug described in subclause 
                                (I) pursuant to subparagraph (A) if--
                                            ``(aa) the eligible covered 
                                        entity is a covered entity 
                                        described in paragraph (4)(A) 
                                        and was providing infusion 
                                        services necessary to deliver a 
                                        required primary health service 
                                        or an additional health service 
                                        (as defined in section 
                                        330(b)(1)) pursuant to funding 
                                        received under section 330, as 
                                        of the date of enactment of the 
                                        SUSTAIN 340B Act; or
                                            ``(bb) the Secretary 
                                        determines, through notice and 
                                        comment rulemaking, that low-
                                        income, medically underserved 
                                        residents of the service area 
                                        of the eligible covered entity 
                                        lack access to infusion 
                                        services within a reasonable 
                                        distance and based on this 
                                        determination, the eligible 
                                        covered entity receives 
                                        approval from the Secretary to 
                                        provide these services pursuant 
                                        to funding provided under 
                                        section 330, subject to all the 
                                        requirements of that section.
                    ``(D) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph shall be construed to affect the application 
                of subsection (e).
                    ``(E) Addressing significant volume of drugs 
                provided to referred patients.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        audit any eligible covered entity that, in any 
                        year, provides covered outpatient drugs to 
                        patients who received a prescription for such 
                        drug from a provider who is not a covered 
                        entity in a volume that exceeds the lesser of--
                                    ``(I) 20 percent of the total 
                                number of covered outpatient drugs 
                                purchased by the covered entity at or 
                                below the applicable ceiling price and 
                                dispensed by the covered entity for the 
                                year; or
                                    ``(II) the average annual 
                                percentage over the most recent 3-year 
                                period, of the total number of covered 
                                outpatient drugs purchased by the 
                                covered entity at or below the 
                                applicable ceiling price for the year 
                                and dispensed by the covered entity to 
                                patients, that were dispensed to 
                                patients who received a prescription 
                                for such drug from a provider who is 
                                not a covered entity.
                            ``(ii) Hardship exceptions.--The Secretary 
                        shall develop specific criteria for a hardship 
                        exceptions process, that is not overly 
                        burdensome to a covered entity, under which an 
                        eligible covered entity may exceed the 
                        threshold established under clause (i) without 
                        requiring an audit described in such clause 
                        only if the eligible covered entity provides 
                        required information to the Secretary to 
                        demonstrate such hardship, such as a medical 
                        need or workforce shortage, in accordance with 
                        the criteria established by the Secretary.
                            ``(iii) Reporting.--A covered entity shall 
                        report annually to the Secretary--
                                    ``(I) the percentage of the covered 
                                entity's revenue under the drug 
                                discount program derived from drugs 
                                prescribed by a prescribing provider 
                                pursuant to this subsection; and
                                    ``(II) the percentage of the total 
                                number of covered outpatient drugs 
                                purchased by the covered entity that 
                                were prescribed by a prescribing 
                                provider pursuant to this subsection.
                            ``(iv) Public availability of 
                        information.--The Secretary shall make 
                        aggregate information on eligible covered 
                        entities identified under clause (i) available 
                        on the website of the Health Resources and 
                        Services Administration, in such form and 
                        manner that the Secretary determines 
                        appropriate, and shall not identify any 
                        specific covered entity.
                    ``(F) Enforcement.--
                            ``(i) Corrective action plan.--In the case 
                        that the Secretary finds that a covered entity 
                        has failed to comply with any requirement under 
                        this paragraph, such covered entity shall be 
                        required to submit a corrective action plan to 
                        the Secretary, which shall be subject to 
                        approval and monitoring by the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Loss of referral authorization.--A 
                        covered entity that fails to comply with a 
                        corrective action plan within 180 days of 
                        approval of such plan by the Secretary under 
                        clause (i) shall become ineligible to provide 
                        covered outpatient drugs to referred patients 
                        under subparagraph (A) for such period of time 
                        determined by the Secretary under the 
                        corrective action plan, not to exceed 3 years.
                            ``(iii) Monetary penalties.--The Secretary 
                        may impose civil monetary penalties, pursuant 
                        to subpart O of part 1003 of title 42, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations (or any successor 
                        regulations), on a covered entity for any 
                        discounts received by such entity on covered 
                        outpatient drugs provided to referred patients 
                        under this paragraph, if the covered entity is 
                        found to be noncompliant with the requirements 
                        of this paragraph with respect to the relevant 
                        drug.
                    ``(G) Definitions.--For the purposes of this 
                paragraph--
                            ``(i) the term `prescribing provider' means 
                        a licensed health care provider who prescribes 
                        a drug to a patient of a covered entity based 
                        on the referral of the patient by the covered 
                        entity to the provider; and
                            ``(ii) the term `referral' means a written, 
                        electronic, or otherwise documented order by a 
                        licensed health care provider ordering, or the 
                        recertifying of the need for, a health 
                        service.''.
    (d) OIG Report on Referral Prescriptions.--The Inspector General of 
the Department of Health and Human Services shall--
            (1) during the 12-year period beginning on the date of 
        enactment of this Act, conduct an annual study on covered 
        outpatient drugs provided pursuant to prescriptions for 
        referred patients under paragraph (13) of section 340B(a) of 
        the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as added by 
        subsection (c); and
            (2) not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, and for each of the next 10 years, submit to Congress 
        a report on the study under paragraph (1).

SEC. 5. 340B REBATE MODEL PILOT PROGRAM SUNSET.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this section as 
the ``Secretary'') shall conclude the 340B Rebate Model Pilot Program, 
or a substantially similar program established by the Department of 
Health and Human Services. The 340B Rebate Model Pilot Program, or a 
substantially similar program, shall not be expanded. One year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall discontinue the 
340B Rebate Model Pilot Program, or a substantially similar program, 
and transition to the 340B Drug Discount Program Data Clearinghouse 
established under section 1150D of the Social Security Act, as added by 
section 9(a).

SEC. 6. CHILD SITES.

    (a) In General.--Section 340B(a) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as amended by section 4(c), is further amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(14) Child sites.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A covered entity described in 
                subparagraph (L), (M), (N), or (O) of paragraph (4) 
                that owns and operates a child site that participates 
                in the drug discount program under this section shall 
                maintain documentation of, and annually recertify to 
                the Secretary through such certification processes 
                established under title XVIII of the Social Security 
                Act, that each such child site is wholly-owned by the 
                entity and clinically and financially integrated with 
                the covered entity and providing care consistent with 
                the policies of the covered entity, including by--
                            ``(i) registering each child site with the 
                        Secretary, which, in the case of a child site 
                        that is eligible for participation as described 
                        in subparagraph (B)(ii), shall include 
                        submission of the attestation (absent billing 
                        requirements) that the child site meets the 
                        Medicare provider-based rules under section 
                        413.65 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations 
                        (or any successor regulations);
                            ``(ii) applying the same financial 
                        assistance policy for patients as applies with 
                        respect to other sites operated by the covered 
                        entity; and
                            ``(iii) ensuring that each child site 
                        complies with the Medicare provider-based rules 
                        under section 413.65 of title 42, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations (or any successor 
                        regulations), or meets the requirements of 
                        subparagraph (B)(i).
                    ``(B) Eligibility for child sites.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A child site is eligible 
                        for participation in the drug discount program 
                        under this section, through the eligibility of 
                        the covered entity that owns and operates such 
                        child site, only if the covered entity 
                        demonstrates that the child site meets the 
                        following requirements:
                                    ``(I) The child site applies the 
                                same financial assistance policy for 
                                patients as the covered entity.
                                    ``(II) The child site ensures that 
                                the providers who order or dispense 
                                covered outpatient drugs purchased 
                                under this section at the child site or 
                                a contract pharmacy of the covered 
                                entity have clinical responsibility for 
                                health care services that result in the 
                                receipt of a prescription or order of 
                                the covered outpatient drug purchased 
                                under this section that is dispensed.
                                    ``(III) The child site provides a 
                                clinically meaningful range of 
                                services, as determined by the services 
                                that providers or suppliers employed 
                                by, contracted with, or authorized to 
                                provide services at, the child site are 
                                qualified to deliver.
                                    ``(IV) The child site is operated 
                                under the same license as the covered 
                                entity, except in areas where the State 
                                requires a separate license for the 
                                child site, or in States where State 
                                law does not permit licensure of the 
                                child site and the covered entity under 
                                a single license. If a State health 
                                facilities cost review commission or 
                                other agency that has authority to 
                                regulate the rates charged by providers 
                                in a State finds that a child site is 
                                not part of the covered entity, the 
                                child site shall not be eligible for 
                                the drug discount program under this 
                                section.
                                    ``(V) The clinical services of the 
                                child site and the covered entity are 
                                integrated as evidenced by the 
                                following:
                                            ``(aa) Professional staff 
                                        of the child site have clinical 
                                        privileges at the covered 
                                        entity.
                                            ``(bb) The covered entity 
                                        maintains the same monitoring 
                                        and oversight of the child site 
                                        as for any other owned entity 
                                        or subsidiary of the covered 
                                        entity.
                                            ``(cc) The medical director 
                                        of the child site maintains a 
                                        reporting relationship with the 
                                        chief medical officer or other 
                                        similar official of the covered 
                                        entity that has the same 
                                        frequency, intensity, and level 
                                        of accountability that exists 
                                        in the relationship between the 
                                        medical director of a 
                                        department of the covered 
                                        entity and the chief medical 
                                        officer or other similar 
                                        official of the covered entity, 
                                        and is under the same type of 
                                        supervision and accountability 
                                        as any other director, medical 
                                        or otherwise, of the covered 
                                        entity.
                                            ``(dd) Medical staff 
                                        committees or other 
                                        professional committees at the 
                                        covered entity are responsible 
                                        for medical activities in the 
                                        child site, including quality 
                                        assurance, utilization review, 
                                        and the coordination and 
                                        integration of services, to the 
                                        extent practicable, between the 
                                        child site and covered entity.
                                            ``(ee) Medical records for 
                                        patients treated in the child 
                                        site are integrated into a 
                                        unified retrieval system, or 
                                        have the ability to be readily 
                                        accessed by the covered entity.
                                            ``(ff) Inpatient and 
                                        outpatient services of the 
                                        child site and the covered 
                                        entity are integrated, and 
                                        patients treated at the child 
                                        site who require further care 
                                        have full access to all 
                                        services of the covered entity 
                                        and are referred where 
                                        appropriate to the 
                                        corresponding inpatient or 
                                        outpatient department or 
                                        service of the covered entity.
                                    ``(VI) The financial operations of 
                                the child site are fully integrated 
                                within the financial system of the 
                                covered entity, as evidenced by shared 
                                income and expenses between the covered 
                                entity and the child site. For purposes 
                                of the Medicare program under title 
                                XVIII of the Social Security Act, the 
                                costs of a child site are reported in 
                                the appropriate cost center or cost 
                                centers of the covered entity, and the 
                                financial status of any child site is 
                                incorporated and readily identified in 
                                the covered entity's trial balance.
                                    ``(VII) The child site is held out 
                                to the public as part of the covered 
                                entity, such that, when patients enter 
                                the child site, they are aware that 
                                they are entering the covered entity.
                                    ``(VIII) The child site is operated 
                                under the ownership and control of the 
                                covered entity, as evidenced by the 
                                following:
                                            ``(aa) The business 
                                        enterprise that constitutes the 
                                        child site is 100 percent owned 
                                        by the covered entity.
                                            ``(bb) The covered entity 
                                        and the child site have the 
                                        same governing body.
                                            ``(cc) The child site is 
                                        operated under the same 
                                        organizational documents as the 
                                        covered entity, and is subject 
                                        to common bylaws and operating 
                                        decisions of the governing body 
                                        of the covered entity.
                                            ``(dd) The covered entity 
                                        has final responsibility for 
                                        administrative decisions, final 
                                        approval for contracts with 
                                        outside parties, final approval 
                                        for personnel actions, final 
                                        responsibility for personnel 
                                        policies (such as fringe 
                                        benefits or code of conduct), 
                                        and final approval for medical 
                                        staff appointments at the child 
                                        site.
                                    ``(IX) The reporting relationship 
                                between the child site and the covered 
                                entity have the same frequency, 
                                intensity, and level of accountability 
                                that exists in the relationship between 
                                the covered entity and its other 
                                departments, as evidenced by compliance 
                                with the following requirements:
                                            ``(aa) The child site is 
                                        under the direct supervision of 
                                        the covered entity.
                                            ``(bb) The child site is 
                                        operated under the same 
                                        monitoring and oversight by the 
                                        covered entity as any other 
                                        department of the covered 
                                        entity, and is operated as any 
                                        other department of the covered 
                                        entity with regard to 
                                        supervision and accountability. 
                                        The director or individual 
                                        responsible for daily 
                                        operations at the child site--

                                                    ``(AA) maintains a 
                                                reporting relationship 
                                                with a manager at the 
                                                covered entity that has 
                                                the same frequency, 
                                                intensity, and level of 
                                                accountability that 
                                                exists in the 
                                                relationship between 
                                                the covered entity and 
                                                its existing 
                                                departments; and

                                                    ``(BB) is 
                                                accountable to the 
                                                governing body of the 
                                                covered entity, in the 
                                                same manner as any 
                                                department head of the 
                                                covered entity.

                                    ``(X) The following administrative 
                                functions of the child site are 
                                integrated with the functions of the 
                                covered entity: billing services, 
                                records, human resources, payroll, 
                                employee benefit package, salary 
                                structure, and purchasing services. 
                                Either the same employees or group of 
                                employees handle such administrative 
                                functions for the child site and the 
                                covered entity, or the administrative 
                                functions for both the child site and 
                                the covered entity are--
                                            ``(aa) contracted out under 
                                        the same contract agreement; or
                                            ``(bb) handled under 
                                        different contract agreements, 
                                        with the contract of the child 
                                        site being managed by the 
                                        covered entity.
                                    ``(XI)(aa) The child site is listed 
                                on the covered entity's most recently 
                                filed Medicare cost report on a line 
                                that is reimbursable under the Medicare 
                                program (or, if the covered entity does 
                                not file a Medicare cost report, the 
                                covered entity submits to the Secretary 
                                a signed statement certifying that the 
                                site would be correctly included on a 
                                reimbursable line of a Medicare cost 
                                report if the covered entity filed a 
                                cost report).
                                    ``(bb) Such cost report 
                                demonstrates that the services provided 
                                at the child site have associated costs 
                                and charges for covered entity 
                                outpatient department services under 
                                title XVIII of the Social Security Act 
                                (or, if the covered entity does not 
                                file a Medicare cost report, the 
                                covered entity submits to the Secretary 
                                a signed statement certifying that the 
                                services provided at the child site 
                                include or consist solely of outpatient 
                                services).
                            ``(ii) HRSA deeming.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--If the 
                                Administrator of the Centers for 
                                Medicare & Medicaid Services has 
                                determined a site to be qualified as a 
                                provider-based entity and in compliance 
                                with the provider-based requirements 
                                under section 413.65 of title 42, Code 
                                of Federal Regulations (or any 
                                successor regulations), the Secretary 
                                shall deem the site to have met the 
                                requirements described in clause (i).
                                    ``(II) Rule of construction.--This 
                                clause shall authorize the Secretary to 
                                establish a process to determine 
                                whether a child site, as determined by 
                                the Administrator of the Centers for 
                                Medicare & Medicaid Services, complies 
                                with the Medicare provider-based rules 
                                under section 413.65 of title 42, Code 
                                of Federal Regulations (or any 
                                successor regulations).
                            ``(iii) Process for registration.--The 
                        Secretary shall develop a process for the 
                        registration of child sites that are eligible 
                        for participation under clause (i) or (ii).
                            ``(iv) Eligibility delay for certain child 
                        sites.--
                                    ``(I) Newly acquired sites.--
                                            ``(aa) In general.--Except 
                                        as provided in item (bb), a 
                                        child site acquired by a 
                                        covered entity after the date 
                                        of enactment of the SUSTAIN 
                                        340B Act that was not eligible 
                                        to participate in the drug 
                                        discount program prior to such 
                                        date shall not be eligible to 
                                        participate in the drug 
                                        discount program under this 
                                        section until the date that is 
                                        3 years after the date of such 
                                        acquisition.
                                            ``(bb) Hardship 
                                        exemption.--The Secretary may, 
                                        on a case-by-case basis, 
                                        determine that a newly acquired 
                                        child site will be eligible to 
                                        participate in the drug 
                                        discount program under this 
                                        section on a specified date 
                                        within 180 days after the date 
                                        of acquisition by the covered 
                                        entity.
                                    ``(II) Newly constructed sites.--A 
                                newly constructed child site that began 
                                operations after the date of enactment 
                                of the SUSTAIN 340B Act shall not be 
                                eligible to participate in the drug 
                                discount program as described in clause 
                                (i) unless such site meets all of the 
                                requirements under this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Inappropriate treatment of a provider as a 
                child site.--Not later than 180 days after the first 
                recertification of the covered entity that occurs after 
                the date of enactment of the SUSTAIN 340B Act, the 
                Secretary shall establish a process through notice and 
                comment rulemaking for determining the status of a 
                child site that, prior to such date of enactment, was 
                deemed qualified as a child site but that does not meet 
                the criteria set forth in this subsection.
                    ``(D) Reports.--
                            ``(i) GAO report on program integrity.--Not 
                        later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
                        of the SUSTAIN 340B Act, the Comptroller 
                        General of the United States shall submit to 
                        the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
                        that analyzes relevant data, including data 
                        made available pursuant to subsection (d)(5), 
                        and makes recommendations with respect to any 
                        policies needed to address program integrity 
                        issues associated with child sites in the drug 
                        discount program under this section.
                            ``(ii) HHS reports to congress.--Not later 
                        than 2 years after the date of enactment of the 
                        SUSTAIN 340B Act, and every 2 years thereafter, 
                        the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
                        committees of Congress a report that analyzes 
                        the use of child sites in the drug discount 
                        program under this section, and that--
                                    ``(I) characterizes the scope and 
                                nature of child sites in the drug 
                                discount program under this section, 
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) the number of newly 
                                        acquired child sites;
                                            ``(bb) the number of newly 
                                        constructed child sites;
                                            ``(cc) the concentration of 
                                        the child sites across 
                                        geographic areas; and
                                            ``(dd) the payer-mix of the 
                                        child sites;
                                    ``(II) assesses the effect of 
                                eligibility delays described in 
                                subparagraph (B)(iv); and
                                    ``(III) makes recommendations with 
                                respect to policies needed to address 
                                any issues identified in such report.
                            ``(iii) GAO report on best practices.--Not 
                        later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
                        of the SUSTAIN 340B Act, the Comptroller 
                        General of the United States shall submit a 
                        report to the appropriate committees of 
                        Congress that--
                                    ``(I) analyzes input solicited from 
                                relevant stakeholders, including 
                                covered entities and manufacturers, 
                                regarding potential best practices for 
                                ensuring savings received by child 
                                sites through participation in the drug 
                                discount program under this section are 
                                used to meaningfully improve access to 
                                care, including by expanding access to 
                                health care services or health-related 
                                benefits for patients and communities 
                                served by the covered entity, including 
                                child sites of the covered entity; and
                                    ``(II) makes recommendations to the 
                                Secretary and appropriate committees of 
                                Congress with respect to implementation 
                                of best practices identified and 
                                analyzed pursuant to subclause (I).''.
    (b) Recordkeeping.--Section 340B(a)(5) of the Public Health Service 
Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)), as amended by section 4(b), is further 
amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Child site recordkeeping.--In the case of a 
                covered entity that has registered a child site 
                pursuant to paragraph (14), the covered entity shall 
                maintain auditable records for a period of at least 3 
                years and be subject to audits by the Secretary of 
                records that pertain to the compliance of the covered 
                entity and child site with the provisions of paragraph 
                (14).''.

SEC. 7. TRANSPARENCY.

    (a) In General.--Section 340B(d) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 256b(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Reporting of program savings.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of the SUSTAIN 340B Act, and annually 
                thereafter, each covered entity shall report to the 
                Secretary the following information with respect to the 
                covered entity, including with respect to all child 
                sites and contract pharmacy arrangements, for the 
                preceding year:
                            ``(i) The total number of individuals who 
                        were dispensed or administered covered 
                        outpatient drugs during such preceding year 
                        that were subject to an agreement under 
                        subsection (a)(1).
                            ``(ii) The total number of prescriptions 
                        dispensed or administered with covered 
                        outpatient drugs purchased under this section 
                        and billed to insurance, organized by type of 
                        health insurance coverage (as specified by the 
                        Secretary, including by the Medicare program 
                        under title XVIII of the Social Security Act, 
                        the Medicaid program under title XIX of such 
                        Act, the Children's Health Insurance Program 
                        under title XXI of such Act, health insurance 
                        coverage offered in the individual or group 
                        market or a group health plan (as such terms 
                        are defined in section 2791), and uninsured).
                            ``(iii)(I) The cost incurred at each 
                        covered entity for charity care, reported as a 
                        fraction, where the numerator is the amount of 
                        charity care reported on worksheet S-10 of the 
                        Medicare cost report (or any successor), and 
                        the denominator is the total operating cost of 
                        the covered entity, as reported for the most 
                        recent cost reporting period; or
                            ``(II) in the case of a covered entity that 
                        is not required to submit a Medicare cost 
                        report, a qualitative description of the 
                        charity care provided by the covered entity, to 
                        the extent applicable under the scope of the 
                        grant for a covered entity described in any of 
                        subparagraphs (A) through (O) of subsection 
                        (a)(4), in such manner that is not overly 
                        burdensome to covered entities, as the 
                        Secretary may require.
                            ``(iv) At the option of the covered entity, 
                        information pertaining to under-reimbursed care 
                        provided by the covered entity.
                            ``(v)(I) A description, submitted in a 
                        standardized form and manner prescribed by the 
                        Secretary, of the covered entity's use of the 
                        savings received through participation in the 
                        drug discount program under this section, 
                        including a description of health care services 
                        or health-related benefits used to benefit the 
                        patients and communities served by the covered 
                        entity, delineated by categories of services 
                        and benefits and populations served, including 
                        such services and benefits provided to 
                        underserved, uninsured, or medically vulnerable 
                        patients and communities; and
                            ``(II) an attestation by the chief 
                        executive officer, chief executive financial 
                        officer, or chief operating officer certifying 
                        that such savings have been used to benefit the 
                        patients and communities served by the covered 
                        entity.
                            ``(vi) The financial demographics of 
                        patients of the covered entity, including--
                                    ``(I) the percentage of patients 
                                eligible for financial assistance 
                                programs and sliding scale fees;
                                    ``(II) the percentage of patients 
                                who reside in a health professional 
                                shortage area (as defined in section 
                                332) or a medically underserved 
                                community (as defined in section 799B);
                                    ``(III) the percentage of patients 
                                who reside in or are part of a 
                                medically underserved population (as 
                                defined in section 330(b)(3));
                                    ``(IV) the percentage of uninsured 
                                patients;
                                    ``(V) the percentage of patients 
                                who are Medicaid beneficiaries; and
                                    ``(VI) the percentage of patients 
                                who are Children's Health Insurance 
                                Program beneficiaries.
                            ``(vii) Policies of the covered entity to 
                        promote access and adherence to prescribed 
                        medication.
                            ``(viii) In the case of a nongovernmental 
                        hospital, any contracts between such hospital 
                        and a State or local governmental entity, and 
                        any modifications to any such contract.
                            ``(ix) Any third-party administrators in 
                        contract with the covered entity for the 
                        administration of the drug discount program.
                            ``(x) The funding shortfall for the covered 
                        entity attributable to services provided to 
                        Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries, as 
                        reported on the Internal Revenue Service Form 
                        990.
                            ``(xi) The number of patients using the 
                        outpatient services of the covered entity.
                            ``(xii) Operation costs to the covered 
                        entity related to the drug discount program 
                        under this section.
                    ``(B) Records retention.--A covered entity shall 
                retain records described in subparagraph (A) for a 
                period of at least 3 years and provide such records and 
                reports as the Secretary determines necessary for 
                purposes of carrying out this paragraph.
                    ``(C) Availability of information.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 90 days 
                        after receiving the information reported by 
                        covered entities under paragraph (1), the 
                        Secretary shall publish such information on the 
                        public website of the Department of Health and 
                        Human Services, which may include the website 
                        of the 340B Office of Pharmacy Affairs 
                        Information System (or a successor to such 
                        system).
                            ``(ii) Format.--Data published under clause 
                        (i) shall be published in an electronic and 
                        searchable format that shows each category of 
                        data reported both in the aggregate and 
                        identified by each type of covered entity 
                        described in subsection (a)(4). In carrying out 
                        this paragraph, with respect to data reported 
                        pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
                        ensure that any proprietary information be 
                        redacted from contracts submitted pursuant to 
                        subparagraph (A)(viii) before posting such 
                        contracts.
                    ``(D) Submission process.--Not later than 1 year 
                after the date of enactment of the SUSTAIN 340B Act, 
                the Secretary shall establish a process by which the 
                information required to be submitted under subparagraph 
                (A) may be submitted directly to the 340B Office of 
                Pharmacy Affairs Information System (or a successor to 
                such system).
                    ``(E) Reports to congress.--Not later than 1 year 
                after the date of the enactment of the SUSTAIN 340B 
                Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall 
                submit a report to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress on the information collected under 
                subparagraph (A).
                    ``(F) Regulations.--The Secretary may promulgate 
                regulations to carry out this paragraph.''.
    (b) Auditing.--Section 340B(a)(5)(C) of the Public Health Service 
Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)(C)), as amended by section 4(a)(2), is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) Audits of program savings records.--
                        A covered entity shall permit the Secretary to 
                        audit, at the Secretary's expense, the records 
                        of the covered entity used for purposes of 
                        reporting under subsection (d)(5)(A), including 
                        how the discount from drugs subject to an 
                        agreement under paragraph (1) is used by the 
                        covered entity.''.

SEC. 8. ENHANCING PROGRAM INTEGRITY.

    (a) Audits.--
            (1) In general.--Section 340B(a)(5)(C) of the Public Health 
        Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)(C)), as amended by section 
        7(b), is further amended by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(v) Additional audits.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--In addition to 
                                the audits otherwise authorized under 
                                this subparagraph, the Secretary may 
                                audit, to assess compliance with 
                                requirements under this section--
                                            ``(aa) covered entities, 
                                        including the child sites of a 
                                        covered entity and contract 
                                        pharmacies, to identify any 
                                        violations under this section, 
                                        including violations related to 
                                        improperly claiming eligibility 
                                        for the program under this 
                                        section, drug diversion, 
                                        duplicate discounts, use of 
                                        contract pharmacies, or 
                                        claiming a discount under this 
                                        section on a drug that is not a 
                                        covered outpatient drug 
                                        purchased pursuant to an 
                                        agreement under paragraph (1); 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) manufacturers, 
                                        including to identify any 
                                        failure to provide an accurate 
                                        ceiling price.
                                    ``(II) Standards.--The Secretary 
                                shall conduct audits described in this 
                                clause in accordance with generally 
                                accepted standards that the Secretary 
                                determines appropriate and shall make 
                                the protocol for such audits publicly 
                                available.
                                    ``(III) Requirements.--The 
                                Secretary may not close an audit 
                                described in subclause (I) before a 
                                corrective action plan required by the 
                                Secretary has been fully implemented, 
                                as applicable.
                                    ``(IV) 340B vendor information.--To 
                                meet the requirements for submission of 
                                information for audits under this 
                                clause, with respect to carrying out 
                                the program under this section, a 
                                covered entity shall contract only with 
                                vendors agreeing to--
                                            ``(aa) submit data to the 
                                        Secretary and independent 
                                        outside auditors contracting 
                                        with the covered entity as 
                                        necessary to determine the 
                                        covered entity's compliance 
                                        with statutory and regulatory 
                                        requirements under this 
                                        program, prohibitions on drug 
                                        diversion and duplicate 
                                        discounts, use of contract 
                                        pharmacies, and claims for 
                                        discounts on covered outpatient 
                                        drugs purchased pursuant to 
                                        agreements under paragraph (1); 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) respond to requests 
                                        from auditors in a timely 
                                        manner, as determined by the 
                                        Secretary.
                                    ``(V) Consequences of audit.--The 
                                Secretary shall ensure that, in the 
                                case of an audit finding that--
                                            ``(aa) a covered entity did 
                                        not meet one or more of the 
                                        eligibility criteria for being 
                                        a covered entity, as defined in 
                                        paragraph (4), during the full 
                                        period under review in an 
                                        audit, the audit results in 
                                        consequences that are 
                                        consistent and appropriate with 
                                        the violation and that do not 
                                        treat the failure to meet 
                                        eligibility criteria as an 
                                        issue that can be corrected 
                                        retroactively; or
                                            ``(bb) a manufacturer did 
                                        not meet its requirements 
                                        pursuant to an agreement under 
                                        paragraph (1) during the full 
                                        period under review in an 
                                        audit, the audit results in 
                                        consequences that are 
                                        consistent and appropriate with 
                                        the violation and that do not 
                                        treat the failure to meet the 
                                        criteria as an issue that can 
                                        be corrected retroactively.
                                    ``(VI) Regulations.--Not later than 
                                1 year after the date of enactment of 
                                the SUSTAIN 340B Act, the Secretary 
                                shall establish, through notice and 
                                comment rulemaking, the audit and 
                                reporting procedures required by this 
                                clause.''.
            (2) Additional sanctions authority.--Section 340B(d)(2)(B) 
        of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(d)(2)(B)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in clause (v)(II), by inserting ``or where the 
                covered entity knowingly and intentionally fails to 
                implement a corrective action plan relating to a 
                violation involving improperly claiming eligibility for 
                the program under this section, drug diversion, 
                duplicate discounts, compliance with contract pharmacy 
                requirements, or claiming a discount on a drug that is 
                not a covered outpatient drug (or claiming a rebate on 
                a drug in the case of an AIDS drug purchasing 
                assistance program, as determined by the Secretary), 
                within 180 days of the Secretary notifying the entity 
                of the requirement for such plan, unless the Secretary 
                determines it is appropriate to allow additional time 
                for compliance,'' after ``knowing and intentional,''; 
                and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(vi) Increasing the frequency of audits 
                        conducted for entities previously found to be 
                        in violation of requirements of the drug 
                        discount program that relate to eligibility, 
                        drug diversion, duplicate discounts, compliance 
                        with contract pharmacy requirements, or 
                        claiming a discount on a drug that is not a 
                        covered outpatient drug (or claiming a rebate 
                        on a drug in the case of an AIDS drug 
                        purchasing assistance program described in 
                        subsection (a)(4)(E), as determined by the 
                        Secretary), and assigning responsibility for 
                        making corrections relating to such a violation 
                        to a corporate officer of the covered entity.
                            ``(vii)(I) Establishing a process for a 
                        covered entity to develop and implement a 
                        corrective action plan, and a process by which 
                        the Secretary provides for proper and timely 
                        notification of a potential violation by a 
                        covered entity.
                            ``(II) Disenrolling from the program a 
                        covered entity that fails to implement a 
                        corrective action plan within 180 days of 
                        issuance of a final audit report related to a 
                        statutory violation involving improperly 
                        claiming eligibility for the program under this 
                        section, drug diversion, duplicate discounts, 
                        compliance with contract pharmacy requirements, 
                        claiming a discount on a drug that is not a 
                        covered outpatient drug (or claiming a rebate 
                        on a drug in the case of an AIDS drug 
                        purchasing assistance program described in 
                        subsection (a)(4)(E), as determined by the 
                        Secretary), or failing to comply with reporting 
                        of program savings and use of program savings 
                        as required.''.
    (b) Verification of Private Non-Profit Hospital Contracts With 
State or Local Governments.--Section 340B(a)(5) of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(5)), as amended by section 6(b), is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) Verification of private non-profit hospital 
                contracts with state or local governments.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a private 
                        non-profit hospital that has a contract with a 
                        State or local government to provide health 
                        care services to low-income individuals who are 
                        not eligible for Medicaid or Medicare, whether 
                        the hospital is registered or seeking to 
                        register for the drug discount program as a 
                        covered entity described under subparagraph 
                        (L), (M), (N), or (O) of paragraph (4), the 
                        Secretary shall take all of the following 
                        steps, each of which shall be documented:
                                    ``(I) Prior to registering or 
                                approving annual recertification of 
                                such a hospital (or while carrying out 
                                any program audit of such a hospital), 
                                the Secretary shall obtain and review 
                                the hospital's contract with a State or 
                                local government and shall verify and 
                                document that--
                                            ``(aa) the document 
                                        provided by the hospital is a 
                                        contract, in that it is a 
                                        mutually binding agreement for 
                                        the hospital to provide health 
                                        care services or supplies in 
                                        exchange for something of 
                                        value;
                                            ``(bb) the contract clearly 
                                        lists the name of the hospital 
                                        and the unit of State or local 
                                        government that are parties to 
                                        the contract and is signed and 
                                        appropriately dated by 
                                        appropriate officials of the 
                                        hospital and the unit of State 
                                        or local government;
                                            ``(cc) the contract 
                                        specifies an effective date;
                                            ``(dd) the contract clearly 
                                        is in effect and not expired at 
                                        the time of registration (or at 
                                        the time of recertification, in 
                                        the case of annual 
                                        recertification, or for the 
                                        full period examined in an 
                                        audit, in the case of an 
                                        audit); and
                                            ``(ee) the contract 
                                        explicitly requires that the 
                                        hospital provide health care 
                                        services, and that such 
                                        services must be provided to 
                                        individuals who are both low-
                                        income and not eligible for 
                                        either the Medicaid program or 
                                        the Medicare program.
                                    ``(II) The Secretary shall verify 
                                the contracts meeting the requirements 
                                of clause (i) for all covered entities 
                                described in this subparagraph and 
                                registered as of the date of enactment 
                                of the SUSTAIN 340B Act by no later 
                                than 1 year after the date of enactment 
                                of the SUSTAIN 340B Act.
                                    ``(III) The Secretary shall not 
                                register or recertify any covered 
                                entity described in this subparagraph 
                                if the entity's contract with a State 
                                or local government does not satisfy 
                                items (aa) through (ee) of subclause 
                                (I).
                            ``(ii) Process.--The Secretary shall 
                        develop a process to verify the contracts 
                        meeting the requirement of clause (i)(I), 
                        including specifying a timeline.''.
    (c) Verification of Certain Covered Entities.--Section 
340B(a)(4)(L)(i) of the Public Health Services Act (42 U.S.C. 
256b(a)(4)(L)(i)) is amended by inserting ``(provided that such a 
private non-profit hospital annually submits to the Secretary 
verification of such an active contract with a State or local 
government and verification of its non-profit status)'' before the 
semicolon.

SEC. 9. PREVENTING DUPLICATE DISCOUNTS.

    (a) 340B Drug Discount Program Data Clearinghouse.--Part A of title 
XI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.) is amended by 
adding the following the following new section:

``SEC. 1150D. 340B DRUG DISCOUNT PROGRAM DATA CLEARINGHOUSE.

    ``(a) Clearinghouse Contracting Entity.--Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall enter 
into a contract with an independent, third-party entity (who shall be 
free of conflicts of interest with covered entities, manufacturers, 
health plans, third-party administrators of health plans, entities 
providing pharmacy benefit management services to health plans, and of 
other conflicts of interest as specified by the Secretary) for purposes 
of carrying out the clearinghouse duties under subsection (b) with 
respect to the 340B drug discount program to prevent duplicate 
discounts and ensure proper accounting. Such contract shall provide 
that the third-party entity shall perform the duties described in 
subsection (b) and shall be for a 4-year term that may be renewed after 
a subsequent bidding process or using competitive procedures, as 
defined in section 132 of title 41, United States Code.
    ``(b) Duties.--With respect to 340B drugs that are dispensed to 
individuals who are entitled to or eligible for benefits under the 
Medicare program under title XVIII, the Medicaid program under title 
XIX (including benefits provided under the Medicaid program through a 
managed care arrangement), the Children's Health Insurance Program 
under title XXI (including benefits provided under the Children's 
Health Insurance Program through a managed care arrangement), or a 
health plan, a third-party entity with a contract in effect under 
subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) request and receive, in the most efficient and least 
        burdensome manner practicable--
                    ``(A) claims-level rebate file data under section 
                1927, from State Medicaid agencies;
                    ``(B) claims-level data from covered entities; and
                    ``(C) any other data specified by the Secretary as 
                necessary for the entity to carry out this section;
            ``(2) request, receive, and maintain data described in 
        paragraph (1) in a confidential manner;
            ``(3) ensure that claims-level data submissions by covered 
        entities are complete and accurate, and if not, obtain complete 
        and accurate data from the covered entity;
            ``(4) notify the covered entity, the Secretary, the State 
        Medicaid agency, and the manufacturer of any violation 
        described in subsection (c) to allow for remediation;
            ``(5) provide the manufacturer of a 340B drug with claims-
        level data submitted by a covered entity, so that the 
        manufacturer may identify units of a 340B drug that may 
        generate a rebate or discount under a voluntary rebate or 
        discount arrangement, such as those related to commercial 
        plans;
            ``(6) where feasible, share with a covered entity, the 
        Secretary, a Medicaid State agency, or a manufacturer, data the 
        third-party entity identifies in a timely manner with the 
        purpose of preventing any of the violations described in 
        section 2729A(b)(2) of the Public Health Service Act;
            ``(7) determine total sales of 340B drugs to such 
        individuals for purposes of being used as the basis for 
        determining user fees under section 340B(a)(15) of such Act; 
        and
            ``(8) allow covered entities described in subparagraphs (A) 
        through (K) of section 340B(a)(4) of the Public Health Service 
        Act, which have the lowest decile of patient volume, as 
        calculated by the Secretary, to make submissions required under 
        this section in an aggregated retrospective basis.
    ``(c) Hardship Exemption.--The Secretary may, on a case-by-case 
basis, determine that a covered entity may submit aggregate data if the 
Secretary determines that it is not feasible for the entity to submit 
claims-level data, as required under this section.
    ``(d) Restrictions on Contracting Entity.--The entity receiving a 
contract under subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) ensure that it has no conflicts of interest, 
        including no direct contractual involvement with any covered 
        entity, payer, or manufacturer participating in the drug 
        discount program under section 340B of the Public Health 
        Service Act;
            ``(2) not disclose confidential information obtained 
        through carrying out the clearinghouse duties under this 
        section other than as necessary to carry out the purposes of 
        this section, including for program integrity functions;
            ``(3) not sell or otherwise generate revenue by licensing 
        or making available the data described in subsection (b)(1); 
        and
            ``(4) not collect pricing information regarding drugs that 
        are not 340B drugs from covered entities.
    ``(e) Duties of Covered Entity.--Covered entities shall facilitate 
and participate in data transmission with the third-party entity with a 
contract in effect under subsection (a), including with respect to 
reporting on data available through contract pharmacies.
    ``(f) Restrictions on Manufacturer and PBM Use of Data.--
            ``(1) In general.--A manufacturer who receives data under 
        subsection (b)(5) may use such data only for the purpose of 
        preventing duplicate discounts and diversion under this 
        section.
            ``(2) Restrictions on plans, issuers, and pbms.--A health 
        plan, third-party administrator of a health plan, or entity 
        providing pharmacy benefit management services may use data 
        received from the clearinghouse only for the purpose of 
        preventing duplicate discounts and diversion under this 
        section.
            ``(3) Enforcement.--Any manufacturer or other person found 
        by the Secretary to have used data received under subsection 
        (b)(5) for uses other than those described in paragraphs (1) 
        and (2), such as for pricing or marketing, shall be subject to 
        civil monetary penalties, pursuant to subpart O of part 1003 of 
        title 42, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor 
        regulations), subject to the discretion of the Secretary.
    ``(g) Privacy Requirements.--The information exchange required by 
subsection (b) shall occur in a manner consistent with the privacy, 
security, and breach notification regulations promulgated under section 
264(c) of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 
1996.
    ``(h) Repayment to Manufacturers.--The Secretary shall require a 
covered entity to work with affected manufacturers regarding identified 
duplicate discounts for 340B drugs, regardless of the method used to 
dispense the 340B drug, which shall include repayment--
            ``(1) by the covered entity as a result of the covered 
        entity's noncompliance with section 340B of the Public Health 
        Service Act;
            ``(2) by a State Medicaid program of rebates improperly 
        requested by the State Medicaid program; or
            ``(3) by a State Medicaid program where the financial 
        benefit of the duplicate discount accrues to the State Medicaid 
        program, regardless of whether the duplicate discount occurred 
        under the fee-for-service or managed care payment arrangement.
    ``(i) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) 340B drug.--The term `340B drug' means a drug that 
        is--
                    ``(A) a covered outpatient drug (as defined for 
                purposes of section 340B of the Public Health Service 
                Act); and
                    ``(B) purchased under an agreement in effect under 
                such section.
            ``(2) Covered entity.--The term `covered entity' means an 
        entity described in section 340B(a)(4) of the Public Health 
        Service Act.
            ``(3) Diversion.--The term `diversion', with respect to a 
        covered entity and a 340B drug, means the resale or otherwise 
        transferring of the drug to a person who is not a patient, as 
        defined in section 340B(b)(3) of the Public Health Service Act, 
        of the covered entity.
            ``(4) Duplicate discount.--The term `duplicate discount' 
        means a payment under title XIX for medical assistance 
        described in section 1905(a)(12) with respect to a 340B drug if 
        the drug is subject to the payment of a rebate to the State 
        under section 1927.
            ``(5) Health plans.--The term `health plan' has the meaning 
        given to that term in section 1128C(c).
            ``(6) Manufacturer.--The term `manufacturer' has the 
        meaning given to that term in section 1927(k)(5).''.
    (b) Prohibited Actions of Group Health Plans and PBMs.--
            (1) In general.--A group health plan, a health insurance 
        issuer offering group or individual coverage (as such terms are 
        defined in section 2791 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 300gg-91)), or an entity providing pharmacy benefit 
        management services may not interfere with the ability of 
        covered entities, contract pharmacies (as such terms are 
        defined in section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 254b)), or manufacturers of drugs to prevent duplicate 
        discounts or to recoup the full amount of any identified 
        duplicate discounts pursuant to the drug discount program under 
        section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254b).
            (2) Enforcement.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services shall impose civil monetary penalties, pursuant to 
        subpart O of part 1003 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations 
        (or any successor regulations), on any group health plan, 
        health insurance issuer, or entity providing pharmacy benefit 
        management services that violates paragraph (1).
    (c) Oversight.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through 
the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and 
the Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration, 
shall issue a report to the appropriate committees of Congress 
detailing coordinated efforts, including through the use of existing 
resources to address duplicate discounts.
    (d) Regulations.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services may 
promulgate such rules through notice and comment rulemaking as the 
Secretary determines appropriate to advance the purpose of the drug 
discount program under section 340B of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 256b) and prevent duplicate discounts through the 
clearinghouse established by the amendment made by subsection (a).
    (e) Definition.--In this section, the term ``duplicate discount'' 
has the meaning given such term in section 1150D(h) of the Social 
Security Act, as added by subsection (a).

SEC. 10. PATIENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.

    Section 340B(a)(5) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
256b(a)(5)), as amended by section 8(b), is further amended by adding 
at the end the following:
                    ``(H) Patient financial assistance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each covered entity 
                        shall--
                                    ``(I) ensure that its financial 
                                assistance policy is transparent to 
                                patients at point of care and publicly 
                                reported;
                                    ``(II) apply such financial 
                                assistance policy to patients served by 
                                child sites and contract pharmacies; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) upon request of the 
                                Secretary, submit its financial 
                                assistance policy to the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Records.--The Secretary shall 
                        require covered entities to maintain, for a 
                        period of at least 3 years, auditable records 
                        related to the implementation and enforcement 
                        of this subparagraph.
                            ``(iii) Financial assistance policy 
                        defined.--In this subparagraph, a `financial 
                        assistance policy' means--
                                    ``(I)(aa) a written financial 
                                assistance policy described in section 
                                501(r)(4)(A) of the Internal Revenue 
                                Code of 1986, provided, at least, to 
                                patients at 200 percent of the Federal 
                                poverty level or less; and
                                    ``(bb) a sliding fee scale for 
                                covered outpatient drugs dispensed to 
                                patients under the drug discount 
                                program under this section, as 
                                applicable; or
                                    ``(II) such other alternative 
                                policy as the Secretary may determine 
                                with respect to a specific covered 
                                entity.
                            ``(iv) Oversight.--The Comptroller General 
                        of the United States shall conduct a study and 
                        report to Congress on the impact of 
                        requirements of this subparagraph on patient 
                        access to covered outpatient drugs purchased 
                        under this section.
                            ``(v) Language requirements.--A covered 
                        entity shall make the financial assistance 
                        policy described in clause (i) available to 
                        patients, including patients served by child 
                        sites and contract pharmacies in plain language 
                        (as defined in section 1311(e)(3)(B)of the 
                        Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act).
                            ``(vi) Rule of construction.--Compliance 
                        with this subparagraph shall not be considered 
                        a prohibited act under section 1128A, 1128B(b), 
                        or 1877 of the Social Security Act.
                            ``(vii) Delayed effective date for certain 
                        entities.--With respect to a child site or 
                        contract pharmacy, the requirements of this 
                        subparagraph shall apply beginning on the date 
                        that is 3 years after the date of enactment of 
                        the SUSTAIN 340B Act.''.

SEC. 11. ENSURING THE EQUITABLE TREATMENT OF COVERED ENTITIES AND 
              PHARMACIES PARTICIPATING IN THE 340B DRUG DISCOUNT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) Group Health Plan and Health Insurance Issuer Requirements.--
Subpart II of part A of title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 300gg-11 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 2729A. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE 340B DRUG DISCOUNT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--A group health plan, a health insurance issuer 
offering group or individual health insurance coverage, or an entity 
providing pharmacy benefit management services on behalf of such a plan 
or issuer may not discriminate against a covered entity, a 340B 
pharmacy, or a participant, beneficiary, or enrollee of such plan or 
coverage by imposing requirements, exclusions, reimbursement terms, or 
other conditions on such entity or 340B pharmacy that differ from those 
applied to entities or pharmacies that are not covered entities or 340B 
pharmacies on the basis that the entity or pharmacy is a covered entity 
or 340B pharmacy or that the entity or 340B pharmacy dispenses 340B 
drugs, including by taking any action prohibited under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Specified Prohibited Actions.--A group health plan, a health 
insurance issuer offering group or individual health insurance 
coverage, or an entity providing pharmacy benefit management services 
on behalf of such a plan or issuer may not discriminate against a 
covered entity, a 340B pharmacy, or a participant, beneficiary, or 
enrollee of such plan or coverage by doing any of the following:
            ``(1) Reimbursing a covered entity or 340B pharmacy for a 
        quantity of a 340B drug (as defined in subsection (d)) in an 
        amount less than such plan, issuer, or entity providing 
        pharmacy benefit management services (as applicable) would pay 
        to any other similarly situated (as specified by the Secretary) 
        entity or pharmacy that is not a covered entity or a 340B 
        pharmacy for such quantity of such drug on the basis that the 
        entity or pharmacy is a covered entity or 340B pharmacy or that 
        the entity or pharmacy dispenses 340B drugs.
            ``(2) Imposing any terms or conditions on any covered 
        entity or 340B pharmacy, with respect to any of the following 
        that differ from such terms or conditions applied to other 
        similarly situated (as specified by the Secretary) entities or 
        pharmacies that are not covered entities or 340B pharmacies on 
        the basis that the entity or pharmacy is a covered entity or 
        340B pharmacy or that the entity or pharmacy dispenses 340B 
        drugs:
                    ``(A) Fees, chargebacks, clawbacks, adjustments, or 
                other assessments.
                    ``(B) Professional dispensing fees.
                    ``(C) Restrictions or requirements regarding 
                participation in standard or preferred pharmacy 
                networks.
                    ``(D) Requirements relating to the frequency or 
                scope of audits or to inventory management systems 
                using generally accepted accounting principles.
                    ``(E) Any other restrictions, conditions, 
                practices, or policies that, as specified by the 
                Secretary, interfere with the ability of a covered 
                entity to maximize the value of discounts provided 
                under section 340B.
            ``(3) Interfering with an individual's choice to receive a 
        340B drug from a covered entity or 340B pharmacy, whether in 
        person or via direct delivery, mail, or other form of shipment.
            ``(4) Requiring a covered entity or 340B pharmacy to 
        identify, either directly or through a third party, 340B drugs.
            ``(5) Refusing to contract with a covered entity or 340B 
        pharmacy for reasons other than those that apply equally to 
        entities or pharmacies that are not covered entities or 340B 
        pharmacies, or on the basis that--
                    ``(A) the entity or pharmacy is a covered entity or 
                a 340B pharmacy; or
                    ``(B) the entity or pharmacy is described in any of 
                subparagraphs (A) through (O) of section 340B(a)(4).
            ``(6) With respect to a group health plan or health 
        insurance issuer offering group or individual health insurance 
        coverage, denying coverage of a drug on the basis that such 
        drug is a 340B drug.
            ``(7) Requiring a covered entity to make use of any 340B 
        pharmacy in a manner that--
                    ``(A) does not meet the requirements set forth in 
                section 340B for the use of contract pharmacies; or
                    ``(B) is inconsistent with patient need and access.
            ``(8) Failing to enable pharmacies to distinguish at the 
        point-of-sale between private health plans and State Medicaid 
        plans sponsored by the same payer, through methods such as 
        using the same bank identification number and processor control 
        number to identify individual enrolled in both types of plans.
    ``(c) Civil Monetary Penalties.--The Secretary shall impose 
monetary penalties, pursuant to subpart O of part 1003 of title 42, 
Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations), on any 
group health plan, health insurance issuer offering group or individual 
health insurance coverage, or entity providing pharmacy benefit 
management services on behalf of such a plan or issuer that violates 
the requirements of this section. Such penalty shall not exceed $5,000 
per violation per day. The Secretary shall issue proposed regulations 
to implement this subsection not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this section and shall finalize such regulations not 
later than 1 year after such date of enactment. The penalties under 
this subsection may be in addition to other enforcement actions 
available under this title.
    ``(d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
            ``(1) Contract pharmacy.--The term `contract pharmacy' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 340B(b).
            ``(2) Covered entity.--The term `covered entity' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 340B(a)(4).
            ``(3) 340B drug.--The term `340B drug' means a drug that 
        is--
                    ``(A) a covered outpatient drug (as defined for 
                purposes of section 340B); and
                    ``(B) purchased under an agreement in effect under 
                such section.
            ``(4) 340B pharmacy.--The term `340B pharmacy' means a 
        pharmacy that is wholly-owned by a covered entity or that is a 
        contract pharmacy.''.
    (b) Medicare Prescription Drug Plan and MA-PD Plan Requirements.--
Section 1860D-12 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-112) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i) Nondiscrimination.--
            ``(1) In general.--A PDP sponsor offering a prescription 
        drug plan or an MA organization offering an MA-PD plan may not 
        require a covered entity to make use of any 340B pharmacy in a 
        manner that--
                    ``(A) does not meet the requirements set forth in 
                section 340B of the Public Health Service Act for the 
                use of 340B pharmacies; or
                    ``(B) is inconsistent with patient need and access.
            ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `contract pharmacy' has the meaning 
                given such term in section 340B(b) of the Public Health 
                Service Act;
                    ``(B) the term `covered entity' has the meaning 
                given such term in section 340B of the Public Health 
                Service Act; and
                    ``(C) the term `340B pharmacy' means a pharmacy 
                that is wholly-owned by a covered entity or that is a 
                contract pharmacy.''.

SEC. 12. USER FEE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 340B(a) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 256b(a)), as amended by section 6(a), is further amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) User fee program.--
                    ``(A) Establishment of quarterly fee.--Beginning in 
                fiscal year 2031, the Secretary shall in accordance 
                with this section assess user fees on, and collect such 
                fees from, each covered entity participating in the 
                program under this section. The fees shall be assessed 
                for a fiscal year and collected quarterly during the 
                last 3 quarters of such fiscal year and the first 
                quarter of the subsequent fiscal year, and the total 
                amount assessed and collected for a fiscal year shall 
                be the amount specified in subparagraph (B)(i) for such 
                year, subject to subparagraph (C).
                    ``(B) Assessment of user fees.--
                            ``(i) Amount of assessment.--The total 
                        amount of user fees authorized to be assessed 
                        and collected under subsection (a) for a fiscal 
                        year is--
                                    ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2031; and
                                    ``(II) for fiscal year 2032 and 
                                each subsequent fiscal year, the amount 
                                authorized to be assessed and collected 
                                in the previous fiscal year adjusted by 
                                the average annual percent change that 
                                occurred in the Consumer Price Index 
                                for all urban consumers (Washington-
                                Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV; Not 
                                Seasonally Adjusted; All items; Annual 
                                Index) in the 12-month period ending 
                                June 30 preceding the fiscal year for 
                                which fees are being established.
                            ``(ii) Allocations of assessment by covered 
                        entity.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The total user 
                                fees assessed and collected under 
                                subparagraph (A) each fiscal year with 
                                respect to each covered entity shall be 
                                an amount that is equal to the 
                                applicable percentage of covered 
                                outpatient drugs dispensed by such 
                                covered entity for the fiscal year 
                                multiplied by the amount specified in 
                                clause (i) for the fiscal year.
                                    ``(II) Applicable percentage.--For 
                                purposes of subclause (I), the 
                                applicable percentage of each covered 
                                entity for a fiscal year shall be 
                                determined by--
                                            ``(aa) dividing--

                                                    ``(AA) the number 
                                                of prescriptions for 
                                                covered outpatient 
                                                drugs dispensed by the 
                                                covered entity in the 
                                                previous fiscal year; 
                                                by

                                                    ``(BB) the total 
                                                number of prescriptions 
                                                for covered outpatient 
                                                drugs dispensed by all 
                                                covered entities in 
                                                such fiscal year; and

                                            ``(bb) multiplying the 
                                        amount determined under item 
                                        (aa) by 100.
                            ``(iii) Timing of assessment.--The 
                        Secretary shall notify each covered entity 
                        subject to this section of the amount of the 
                        annual assessment imposed on such covered 
                        entity under this subsection not later than 
                        December 31 of the fiscal year for which such 
                        fees apply. Payments of such assessments shall 
                        be made in 4 equal installments, which shall be 
                        made by the last day of each quarter of the 
                        calendar year immediately following the 
                        notification.
                    ``(C) Use of fees.--Any fee collected under this 
                paragraph shall be used by the Secretary for purposes 
                of administering this section and enhancing program 
                integrity and oversight activities under this section, 
                including--
                            ``(i) the development of a multi-functional 
                        web-based system to collect fees under this 
                        paragraph;
                            ``(ii) the establishment, use, and 
                        maintenance of the data clearinghouse under 
                        section 1150D of the Social Security Act;
                            ``(iii) the improvement of the integrity, 
                        transparency, security, searchability, and 
                        reliability of the 340B Office of Pharmacy 
                        Affairs Information System (or a successor to 
                        such system);
                            ``(iv) improvements to the compliance tool 
                        used to integrate all information related to 
                        manufacturers that have entered into agreements 
                        with the Secretary under paragraph (1) and 
                        covered entities;
                            ``(v) audits under this section of covered 
                        entities and such manufacturers; and
                            ``(vi) any other uses for the purposes of 
                        program integrity, as the Secretary determines 
                        appropriate.
                    ``(D) Supplement not supplant.--Any fees collected 
                under this paragraph shall be used to supplement and 
                not supplant amounts otherwise provided in 
                appropriations Acts to carry out this section.
                    ``(E) Regulations.--The Secretary may promulgate 
                rules through notice and comment rulemaking as 
                necessary to carry out the user fee program under this 
                paragraph, which shall include establishment of a 
                process to provide for exceptions to the fee amount 
                under subparagraph (B), including the circumstances 
                under which such exceptions may apply to certain 
                covered entities.
                    ``(F) Oversight of user fee program.--The Inspector 
                General of the Department of Health and Human Services 
                shall--
                            ``(i) conduct an annual review of the user 
                        fee program under this paragraph for the first 
                        5 years of such program; and
                            ``(ii) not later than September 30 of each 
                        year for which a review is required under 
                        clause (i), submit to Congress a report on the 
                        review conducted under clause (i), together 
                        with such recommendations as the Inspector 
                        General determines appropriate.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 340B(a)(4) of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b(a)(4)) is amended, in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, has submitted user fees to the 
Secretary in the amount assessed under paragraph (15) for the current 
year,'' after ``paragraph (5)''.

SEC. 13. STUDIES AND REPORTS.

    (a) GAO Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit 
to Congress a report on the debt collection practices of hospitals, 
including hospitals that participate in the drug discount program under 
section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b) as 
covered entities described in subparagraphs (L) through (O) of 
subsection (a)(4)of such section 340B.
    (b) HHS Study and Report.--For the purpose of establishing 
reasonable dispensing fees for purposes of the drug discount program 
under section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b), 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall--
            (1) conduct a study on such dispensing fees; and
            (2) not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, submit to Congress a report on the study under 
        paragraph (1).
    (c) ASPE Study.--The Assistant Secretary for Planning and 
Evaluation (referred to in this subsection as the ``Assistant 
Secretary'') shall conduct a study on the interactions of the 
clearinghouse established under section 1150D of the Social Security 
Act (as added by section 9) and any data collection system established 
by the Secretary to carry out section 1193(d) of the Social Security 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1320f-2(d)) or section 1860D-14B(b)(1)(B) of such Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1395w-114b(b)(1)(B)) to limit duplicative discounts for 
outpatient prescription drugs. The Assistant Secretary shall make 
recommendations to Congress on ways to streamline and effectively 
operate such clearinghouse and data collection systems.

SEC. 14. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES.

    (a) Funding.--Section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 256b(d)(4)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations for audits, 
        investigations, and other oversight and enforcement 
        activities.--In addition to amounts made available under 
        subsection (d)(4), there are authorized to be appropriated, to 
        the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human 
        Services, $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 
        2031, for purposes of conducting audits, investigations, and 
        other oversight and enforcement activities with respect to the 
        drug discount program under this section.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations for general 
        purposes.--In addition to amounts made available under 
        paragraph (1) and subsection (d)(4), there are authorized to be 
        appropriated $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 
        2030, for purposes of implementing the activities under this 
        section, as added by the SUSTAIN 340B Act.''.
    (b) Hiring Authority; Regulations.--Section 340B of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256b), as amended by subsection (a), is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Hiring Authority.--The Administrator of the Health Resources 
and Services Administration may hire such additional staff as may be 
necessary for purposes of carrying out this section.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate regulations 
through notice and comment rulemaking, as appropriate to implement this 
section.''.

SEC. 15. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 340B(b) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
256b(b)), as amended by section 4(a), is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
            ``(6) Child site.--In this section, the term `child site' 
        means a site that is wholly-owned and operated by a covered 
        entity.
            ``(7) Contract pharmacy.--In this section, the term 
        `contract pharmacy' means a pharmacy with which a covered 
        entity has contracted to dispense covered outpatient drugs on 
        behalf of the covered entity whether distributed in person or 
        via mail.''.

SEC. 16. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act, including the amendments made by this Act, shall take 
effect on the date of enactment of this Act.
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