[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5187 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5187

To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a program to strengthen 
  the domestic science and engineering workforce through partnerships 
 among institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, other 
Federal science agencies, and industry to support accelerated doctoral 
                   programs, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 30, 2026

 Mr. Warner (for himself and Mr. Young) introduced the following bill; 
   which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and 
                           Natural Resources

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a program to strengthen 
  the domestic science and engineering workforce through partnerships 
 among institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, other 
Federal science agencies, and industry to support accelerated doctoral 
                   programs, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Promoting High-skilled Doctoral 
Talent Act of 2026'' or the ``PHD Talent Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) A persistent shortfall in the number of domestic 
        students entering and completing science, technology, 
        engineering, and mathematics doctoral programs impedes the 
        capacity of the United States for global leadership in research 
        excellence and technology innovation.
            (2) Artificial intelligence, quantum information science, 
        advanced computing, biotechnology, advanced energy systems, and 
        other critical or emerging technologies are transforming 
        scientific discovery and national competitiveness.
            (3) A robust domestic science, technology, engineering, and 
        mathematics talent pipeline capable of preparing scientists and 
        engineers with expertise both within their scientific 
        discipline and in the application of artificial intelligence 
        and advanced computational methods is critical for maintaining 
        a strong workforce across the United States research and 
        technology development ecosystem, including the National 
        Laboratories, other Federal science agencies, institutions of 
        higher education, and industry.
            (4) The Department of Energy maintains a unique scientific 
        enterprise, including the National Laboratories, user 
        facilities, advanced computing infrastructure, and partnerships 
        with institutions of higher education and industry, positioning 
        the Department of Energy to strengthen the domestic science and 
        engineering workforce of the United States.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Accelerated doctoral program.--The term ``accelerated 
        doctoral program'' means a program offered by an institution of 
        higher education that--
                    (A) provides 1 or more pathways through which a 
                student may complete a doctoral degree in a critical or 
                emerging technology area in an accelerated timeframe 
                that is at least 1 academic year shorter than the 
                average timeframe ordinarily required to complete 
                comparable doctoral programs at that institution of 
                higher education, while maintaining applicable 
                standards of academic excellence, research quality, 
                accreditation, dissertation oversight, and degree 
                completion;
                    (B) may include an integrated baccalaureate-to-
                doctorate pathway that--
                            (i) enables students participating in the 
                        program, while completing the baccalaureate 
                        degree portion of the program, to complete 
                        graduate-level coursework that--
                                    (I) may be credited toward both the 
                                baccalaureate and graduate degree 
                                requirements, consistent with 
                                applicable accreditation requirements;
                                    (II) makes a student's progression 
                                into the doctoral degree portion of the 
                                program contingent upon successful 
                                completion of specified milestones and 
                                admission into a graduate program of 
                                study;
                                    (III) upon a participating 
                                student's successful completion of the 
                                baccalaureate degree portion of the 
                                program and the student's acceptance 
                                and transition into the doctoral degree 
                                portion of the program, provides 
                                funding to the student, which may be 
                                through a variety of opportunities, 
                                that covers not less than 3 years of 
                                the doctoral portion of the program; 
                                and
                                    (IV) enables a student who is not 
                                accepted into, or does not complete, 
                                the doctoral degree portion of the 
                                program to earn a baccalaureate degree 
                                or a master's degree, based on the 
                                student's level of completion of the 
                                program; and
                            (ii) supports timely progression into the 
                        doctoral degree portion of the program; and
                    (C) incorporates structured professional 
                development for each student participating in the 
                program that includes--
                            (i) evidence-based research mentorship 
                        practices;
                            (ii) career development support;
                            (iii) opportunities for engagement and 
                        real-world experience through research 
                        rotations; and
                            (iv) education, training, and research 
                        rotations designed to develop dual competency.
            (2) Critical or emerging technology area.--The term 
        ``critical or emerging technology area'' means any of the 
        following areas:
                    (A) Advanced computing.
                    (B) Advanced engineering materials.
                    (C) Advanced gas turbine engine technologies.
                    (D) Advanced and networked sensing and signature 
                management.
                    (E) Advanced manufacturing.
                    (F) Artificial intelligence.
                    (G) Biotechnologies.
                    (H) Clean energy generation and storage.
                    (I) Data privacy, data security, and cybersecurity 
                technologies.
                    (J) Directed energy.
                    (K) Highly automated, autonomous, and uncrewed 
                systems and robotics.
                    (L) Human-machine interfaces.
                    (M) Hypersonics.
                    (N) Integrated communication and networking 
                technologies.
                    (O) Positioning, navigation, and timing 
                technologies.
                    (P) Quantum information and enabling technologies.
                    (Q) Semiconductors and microelectronics.
                    (R) Space technologies and systems.
                    (S) Any additional area of study that the 
                Secretary, based on existing Federal workforce data and 
                after consultation with the heads of relevant Federal 
                science and other agencies, determines--
                            (i) is important to the national security, 
                        economic competitiveness, scientific 
                        leadership, or energy security of the United 
                        States; and
                            (ii) has a demonstrated need for additional 
                        domestic workers with doctoral-level expertise.
            (3) Dual competency.--The term ``dual competency'' means 
        the demonstrated competency of a student in--
                    (A) the student's primary science, technology, 
                engineering, or mathematics discipline; and
                    (B) the application of artificial intelligence, 
                advanced computing, data science, machine learning, or 
                related computational methods to research in that 
                discipline.
            (4) Eligible student.--The term ``eligible student'' means 
        an individual who is--
                    (A) a citizen or national of the United States; or
                    (B) an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
                residence in the United States.
            (5) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (6) Participating institution.--The term ``participating 
        institution'' means an institution of higher education (as 
        defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))) that enters into an agreement with the 
        Secretary to participate in the Program.
            (7) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the Department of 
        Energy Strategic Scientific Workforce Pilot Program established 
        under section 4(a).
            (8) Research rotation.--The term ``research rotation'' 
        means a structured research experience at a National 
        Laboratory, Department of Energy user facility, other Federal 
        research facility, or participating industry research facility.
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy, acting through the Under Secretary for Science.

SEC. 4. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY STRATEGIC SCIENTIFIC WORKFORCE PILOT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 5-year pilot program, to 
be known as the ``Department of Energy Strategic Scientific Workforce 
Pilot Program'', to strengthen the domestic science and engineering 
workforce through grants awarded on a competitive basis to 
participating institutions to enable the participating institutions to 
establish, carry out, or support--
            (1) accelerated doctoral programs;
            (2) partnerships with National Laboratories;
            (3) partnerships with industry; and
            (4) other activities authorized under this section that 
        directly support eligible students participating in accelerated 
        doctoral programs supported under the Program.
    (b) Award Determinations.--The Secretary may make an award under 
the Program only if the Secretary determines, based on existing Federal 
workforce data, information submitted by the applicant, and 
consultation with relevant National Laboratories, Federal agencies, and 
industry partners, that--
            (1) there is a demonstrated need for additional domestic 
        workers with doctoral-level expertise in the critical or 
        emerging technology area to be supported;
            (2) the proposed program addresses an identified barrier to 
        the recruitment, enrollment, retention, or completion of 
        domestic doctoral students;
            (3) the award is reasonably likely to increase the number 
        of domestic students completing doctoral degrees in that area;
            (4) doctoral-level training is appropriate for the 
        workforce need identified by the applicant; and
            (5) the proposed activities would not unnecessarily 
        duplicate an existing Federal program.
    (c) Application.--A participating institution desiring a grant 
under the Program shall submit to the Secretary an application at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require.
    (d) Support and Assistance.--Under the Program, the Secretary 
shall--
            (1) provide technical assistance to help participating 
        institutions--
                    (A) design the curriculum for an accelerated 
                doctoral program supported under the Program; and
                    (B) develop institutional processes to align course 
                credit mechanisms, financial aid, and academic policies 
                for students in accelerated doctoral programs supported 
                under the Program with relevant Federal guidelines and 
                program and institution accreditation requirements; and
            (2) identify best practices for supporting the 
        sustainability of the accelerated doctoral programs supported 
        under the Program.
    (e) Participating Institutions.--As a condition of participation in 
the Program, each participating institution shall--
            (1) retain responsibility for admissions decisions, 
        academic supervision, degree requirements, dissertation 
        oversight, and the conferral of doctoral degrees;
            (2) provide participating students with an academically 
        rigorous doctoral education designed to reduce unnecessary 
        time-to-degree while maintaining standards of academic 
        excellence and research quality;
            (3) provide education and training to develop dual 
        competency;
            (4) provide faculty mentorship, academic advising, and 
        research support;
            (5) facilitate research rotations, as appropriate;
            (6) ensure that each student whose tuition, required fees, 
        stipend, fellowship, research expenses, research rotation, or 
        other individual costs are paid in whole or in part with funds 
        under the Program is an eligible student;
            (7) provide direct financial assistance under the Program 
        only to eligible students participating in, or selected to 
        participate in, accelerated doctoral programs supported under 
        the Program; and
            (8) ensure that funds provided under the Program supplement 
        and do not supplant Federal, State, institutional, 
        philanthropic, or private funds otherwise available for 
        doctoral education or research.
    (f) Partnership Authority.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary 
        may enter into grants, cooperative agreements, memoranda of 
        understanding, or other agreements with--
                    (A) participating institutions;
                    (B) National Laboratories;
                    (C) industry;
                    (D) nonprofit organizations;
                    (E) States; and
                    (F) such other entities as the Secretary determines 
                to be appropriate.
            (2) Financial and in-kind contributions.--The Secretary may 
        encourage and accept financial or in-kind contributions to 
        support activities carried out under the Program from--
                    (A) States;
                    (B) institutions of higher education;
                    (C) industry; and
                    (D) philanthropic organizations.
    (g) Pilot Fellowship Programs.--
            (1) In general.--In order to facilitate the establishment 
        or expansion of the Program, the Secretary may establish and 
        administer 1 or more pilot fellowship programs to strengthen 
        the domestic science and engineering workforce in critical or 
        emerging technology areas in which there is a demonstrated need 
        for additional domestic workers with doctoral-level expertise, 
        as determined by the Secretary under subsection (b).
            (2) Activities.--A pilot fellowship program established 
        under this subsection may--
                    (A) support eligible students participating in, or 
                selected to participate in, accelerated doctoral 
                programs at participating institutions;
                    (B) provide financial assistance--
                            (i) directly to eligible students described 
                        in subparagraph (A); or
                            (ii) through participating institutions for 
                        the purpose of providing direct financial 
                        support to eligible students described in that 
                        subparagraph;
                    (C) support the development of dual competency;
                    (D) facilitate research rotations;
                    (E) support mentorship and professional 
                development; and
                    (F) include such other activities as the Secretary 
                determines appropriate to carry out the purposes of 
                this section, subject to the condition that those 
                activities--
                            (i) directly support eligible students 
                        described in subparagraph (A); and
                            (ii) do not unnecessarily duplicate an 
                        existing Federal fellowship or graduate 
                        research program.
            (3) Eligibility.--Financial assistance or any other direct 
        assistance pursuant to a pilot fellowship program under this 
        subsection shall be awarded only to eligible students described 
        in paragraph (2)(A).
            (4) Institutional administration.--A participating 
        institution may receive funds under this subsection only--
                    (A) to administer assistance on behalf of an 
                eligible student described in paragraph (2)(A); or
                    (B) to carry out an activity described in paragraph 
                (2) that directly supports an eligible student 
                described in paragraph (2)(A).
            (5) Preservation of existing support.--A participating 
        institution may not reduce financial support that otherwise 
        would have been provided to a student because the student 
        receives a fellowship under this subsection.
    (h) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report regarding the Program, including longitudinal 
tracking of the students participating in accelerated doctoral programs 
supported under the Program to identify trends and analyze developments 
in such programs across the United States.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this Act $250,000,000 for the period of 
fiscal years 2028 through 2032, to remain available until expended.
    (j) Sunset.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may not make a new award 
        under the Program after the date that is 5 years after the date 
        on which the first award under the Program is made.
            (2) Continued payments.--The Secretary may continue 
        payments after the date described in paragraph (1) only--
                    (A) to fulfill commitments made to eligible 
                students before that date; and
                    (B) to complete required evaluations and reports.
            (3) Congressional authorization required.--The Program may 
        not be continued beyond the date described in paragraph (1) or 
        expanded beyond the scope authorized by this Act without prior 
        authorization by Congress.
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