[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5164 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5164

   To amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to make 
 improvements relating to the designation of rural emergency hospitals.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 29, 2026

  Mr. Moran (for himself, Ms. Smith, Mr. Tuberville, Mrs. Britt, Mrs. 
  Capito, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, and Mr. Marshall) introduced the following 
  bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to make 
 improvements relating to the designation of rural emergency hospitals.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Rural Emergency Hospital Designation 
Improvement Act''.

SEC. 2. ELIGIBILITY CHANGES.

    (a) In General.--Section 1861(kkk)(3) of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1395x(kkk)(3)) is amended in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A), by striking ``as of'' and inserting ``at any point 
during the period beginning on January 1, 2015, and ending on''.
    (b) Waiver of Certain Requirements.--Section 1861(kkk)(3) of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(kkk)(3)), as amended by subsection 
(a), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses 
        (i) and (ii), respectively;
            (2) by striking ``described.--A facility'' and inserting 
        ``described.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), a 
                facility''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(B) Waiver.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of this subparagraph, the Secretary shall 
                promulgate regulations to waive the requirements under 
                subparagraph (A) with respect to facilities that 
                operate similarly to a rural emergency hospital in 
                order for such facilities to be eligible for conversion 
                to a rural emergency hospital under this subsection.''.

SEC. 3. DISTINCT PART UNITS.

    Section 1861(kkk)(6) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395x(kkk)(6)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(C) maintain or include a unit of the facility 
                that is a distinct part licensed as an inpatient 
                psychiatric unit for behavioral health patients and 
                allows for inpatient care;
                    ``(D) maintain or include a unit of the facility 
                that is a distinct part licensed as an inpatient 
                rehabilitation facility and allows for inpatient care; 
                and
                    ``(E) maintain or include a unit of the facility 
                that is a distinct part licensed as an obstetric wing, 
                labor and delivery unit, or obstetric emergency 
                department.''.

SEC. 4. ADD-ON PAYMENT FOR DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY TESTS.

    Section 1834(x)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395m(x)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``hospitals.--'' and all that follows 
        through ``In the case'' and inserting ``hospitals.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Payment for rural emergency hospital 
                services.--In the case''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(B) Payment for diagnostic laboratory tests.--In 
                the case of clinical diagnostic laboratory tests and 
                other diagnostic laboratory tests that are not covered 
                OPD services (as defined in section 1833(t)(1)(B)) 
                furnished by a rural emergency hospital (as defined in 
                section 1861(kkk)(2)) on or after January 1, 2027, the 
                amount of payment for such tests shall be equal to the 
                amount of payment that would otherwise apply under the 
                applicable fee schedule, increased by 5 percent to 
                reflect the higher costs incurred by such hospitals, 
                and shall include the application of any copayment 
                amount determined under this part as if such increase 
                had not occurred''.

SEC. 5. SWING BEDS.

    Section 1861(kkk)(6) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395x(kkk)(6)), as amended by section 3, is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(F) may enter into an agreement with the 
                Secretary under which its facilities may be used for 
                the furnishing of services of the type which, if 
                furnished by a skilled nursing facility would 
                constitute extended care services. Payment to a rural 
                emergency hospital for services furnished under such an 
                agreement shall be based upon the reasonable cost of 
                the services as determined under section 1883(a)(2)(B) 
                (if such section were applied by submitting `rural 
                emergency hospital' for `hospital' and `inpatient 
                hospital' in clauses (ii) and (iii), respectively, of 
                such section).''.

SEC. 6. NECESSARY PROVIDER STATUS FOR FACILITIES THAT REVERT TO 
              CRITICAL ACCESS HOSPITAL DESIGNATION.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall promulgate regulations 
to permit a rural emergency hospital (as defined in section 
1861(kkk)(2) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(kkk)(2))) that 
reverts back to its previous designation as a critical access hospital 
(as defined in section 1861(mm)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(m)(1))) 
to regain its status as a necessary provider of health care services 
pursuant to section 1820(c)(2)(B)(i)(II) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i-
4(c)(2)(B)(i)(II)), but only if the facility was designated as a 
necessary provider of health care services pursuant to such section 
prior to converting to a rural emergency hospital.

SEC. 7. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CORPS SITE ELIGIBILITY.

    The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the 
Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration, 
shall promulgate regulations to deem a rural emergency hospital (as 
defined in section 1861(kkk)(2) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395x(kkk)(2))) to be a health professional shortage area in accordance 
with section 332(a)(1)(C) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
254e(a)(1)(C)).

SEC. 8. SMALL RURAL HOSPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM GRANTS.

    Section 1820(g) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 42 U.S.C. 
1395i-4(g)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(D), by inserting ``or rural emergency 
        hospitals (as defined in section 1861(kkk)(2))'' after 
        ``critical access hospitals''; and
            (2) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``or rural emergency 
        hospitals (as defined in section 1861(kkk)(2))'' after ``small 
        rural hospitals''.

SEC. 9. INCLUSION OF RURAL EMERGENCY HOSPITAL SERVICES UNDER MEDICAID.

    (a) In General.--Section 1905(a) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1396d(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting ``(including rural 
        emergency hospital services, as defined in section 
        1861(kkk)(1), which are licensed or otherwise approved by the 
        State)'' after ``services''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(A), by inserting ``but including 
        services provided in a nursing facility that is a distinct part 
        unit of a rural emergency hospital, as defined in section 
        1861(kkk)(2)'' after ``diseases''.
    (b) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the amendments 
        made by this subsection shall apply with respect to medical 
        assistance provided on or after the date of enactment of this 
        Act.
            (2) Exception for state legislation.--In the case of a 
        State plan under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 
        U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) that the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services determines requires State legislation in order for 
        such plan to meet any requirement imposed by the amendments 
        made by this section, such plan shall not be regarded as 
        failing to comply with the requirements of such title solely on 
        the basis of its failure to meet such an additional requirement 
        before the first day of the first calendar quarter beginning 
        after the close of the first regular session of the State 
        legislature that begins after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act. For purposes of the previous sentence, in the case of a 
        State that has a 2-year legislative session, each year of the 
        session shall be considered to be a separate regular session of 
        the State legislature.
                                 <all>