[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4577 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
Calendar No. 511
119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 4577
To reassess the United States-Tanzania bilateral relationship, and for
other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
May 19, 2026
Mrs. Shaheen (for herself and Mr. Cruz) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
July 27, 2026
Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
in italic]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To reassess the United States-Tanzania bilateral relationship, and for
other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Reassessing the United
States-Tanzania Bilateral Relationship Act''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> Congress makes the following findings:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Tanzania is one of Africa's fastest growing
economies with strong economic growth over the past decade due
to the expansion of key sectors, including agriculture, mining,
and tourism.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Tanzania's reliability as a partner to the
United States is increasingly in question due to ongoing
political repression, violations of religious freedom and
freedom of expression, and persistent barriers to United States
investment.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) The October 29, 2025, general elections were
marked by significant political interference, including ballot
manipulation and vote tabulation irregularities, which favored
incumbent President Samia Suluhu Hassan and other candidates of
Tanzania's parliamentary majority party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi
(CCM).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) Leading up to the general elections in
Tanzania's October 29, 2025, election, multiple incidents of
political abductions and disappearances occurred in Tanzania,
most recently the abduction and subsequent disappearance of
Tanzanian Ambassador Humphrey Polepole on October 6,
2025.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) A range of actions by the CCM, a political
party that has continuously held a parliamentary majority and
controlled Tanzania's central government since the CCM's
formation in 1977, has severely undermined democracy in the
country.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) The ongoing treason trial of Chadema
opposition figure Tundu Lissu, terrorism charges against
Chadema Deputy John Heche, and charges and detentions of other
opposition party members are politically motivated and intended
to prevent opposition figures from standing for
elections.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) The Government of Tanzania has engaged in
violations of religious freedom, including the revocation of
registration for religious institutions, harassment, detention,
and attacks against religious leaders, and restrictions on
religious worship and expression.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (8) During mass citizen protests against
Tanzania's fraudulent and illegitimate October 29, 2025,
general elections, the Tanzanian Police and Tanzania Defense
Forces killed hundreds of Tanzanian citizens and endangered the
lives of United States citizens and tourists visiting the
country.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (9) While protestors faced attacks by Tanzanian
Security Forces, the Government of Tanzania imposed an internet
shutdown impacting online connections, communications,
business, and banking, disrupting regional trade and costing
the country an estimated $238,000,000 in the process.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (10) In response to this unprecedented violence
and unrest in Tanzania, the United States Embassy in Tanzania
issued a Security Alert on October 30, 2025, calling on United
States citizens in Tanzania to shelter-in-place.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (11) Following the electoral protests, the
Tanzanian electoral commission released disputed results from
the fraudulent election, declaring President Samia Suluhu
Hassan the winner with 98 percent of the vote.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> It is the sense of Congress--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) that it is in the national security interests
of the United States to help counter democratic backsliding of
key partner nations where the United States has supplied
billions of dollars worth of investment, development,
humanitarian assistance, and security partnerships;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) that the actions by the Government of Tanzania
have subverted democracy, blatantly violated citizens'
fundamental human rights, disrupted regional trade, and
endangered the safety and security of Tanzanians, tourists, and
the diplomatic community;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) that these actions place United States
national interests in Tanzania at risk and threaten to
undermine regional stability and long-term bilateral
cooperation;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) to support the decision to terminate
Tanzania's Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) threshold
program; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) to express solidarity with the people of
Tanzania, recognizing the unprecedented levels of violence
experienced in Tanzania and support calls for an international
independent investigation into the pre- and post-election
violence in Tanzania leading those who conducted violence
against Tanzania civilians to be held accountable for human
rights violations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 4. UNITED STATES REASSESSMENT WITH TANZANIA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) Bilateral Relationship Reassessment.--The Secretary of
State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the United States
Trade Representative, and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies,
shall conduct a comprehensive reassessment of the bilateral
relationship between the United States and Tanzania.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Elements.--The reassessment required under subsection
(a) shall include--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) an analysis of the democratic priorities and
trajectory of Tanzania;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) a detailed strategy on the necessary
democratic reforms needed in Tanzania;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) an assessment of United States security
assistance to Tanzania to ensure that the Tanzanian Defense
Forces and Tanzanian Police are reliable partners that adhere
to Tanzania's constitutionally mandated human rights and rule
of law norms and protect the safety of citizens and all
visitors to the country of Tanzania;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) an assessment of how recent political unrest
and internet shutdown in Tanzania have impacted United States
business, investments, and partnerships in Tanzania;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) an evaluation of the relationship between the
Government of Tanzania and the Government of the People's
Republic of China, including--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) military and security cooperation,
including training, exercises, arms transfers, and
cooperation between defense, intelligence, or law
enforcement entities;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) economic engagement, including
investments, loans, and financing involving Chinese-
state-owned or affiliated entities, and the impact of
such activities on market access, debt sustainability,
and the competitiveness of United States companies;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) political cooperation with the
Government of the People's Republic of China that seeks
to undermine democratic principles, advance one-party
consolidation, and solidify anti-American and anti-
Western sentiment internally and
internationally.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Report on Findings.--Not later than 90 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit
to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that includes the
findings of the review required under subsection (a).</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 5. REPORT ON CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS
IN TANZANIA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees, the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban
Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on Financial Services of the
House of Representatives a report that includes a list of each foreign
person that the Secretary determines--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) holds a senior position in the Government of
Tanzania, the leadership of Chama Cha Mapinduzi, the Tanzania
Police Force, the Tanzanian People's Defense Force, or the
Tanzanian Intelligence and Security Service; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) is responsible for or complicit in, or has
directly or indirectly engaged in--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) ordering, controlling, or otherwise
directing abductions, enforced disappearances, or
arbitrary detention of political opponents,
journalists, or civil society actors;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the targeting harassment,
intimidation, detention, or use of violence against
journalists, media organizations, or activists to
suppress dissent or silence public reporting on human
rights violations;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) censorship, shutdowns, or other
restrictions on media, internet access, or freedom of
expression intended to conceal human rights abuses or
prevent the dissemination of credible
information;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (D) severe violations of religious
freedom, including the persecution of individuals or
groups on account of religion, prohibitions or
restrictions on religious worship, assembly, or
expression, or acts of violence, coercion, or
discrimination against religious communities;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (E) the use of transnational repression
tactics that target foreign nationals, Tanzanian
citizens, and diaspora members regionally and
internationally;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (F) extrajudicial killings, torture, or
gross violations of internationally recognized human
rights; or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (G) other actions that violate or
undermine internationally recognized human rights or
the civil liberties guaranteed to Tanzanian citizens
under the Constitution of Tanzania.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 6. SANCTIONS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the
submission of the report, the President may impose sanctions described
in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign person identified in the
report required under section 5(a)(1) that the Secretary determines
meets the criteria described in section 5(a)(2)(A).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
paragraph are the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Blocking of property.--The President may
exercise all authorities under the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), to the extent
necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property
and interests in property of a foreign person if such property
and interests in property are in the United States, come within
the United States, or come within the possession or control of
a United States person.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or
parole.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien
described in subsection (a) shall be--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) inadmissible to the United
States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) ineligible to receive a visa
or other documentation to enter the United
States; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (iii) otherwise ineligible to be
admitted or paroled into the United States or
to receive any other benefit under the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101
et seq.).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) Current visas revoked.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) In general.--The visa or other
entry documentation of any alien described in
subsection (a) is subject to revocation
regardless of the issue date of the visa or
other entry documentation.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) Immediate effect.--A
revocation under clause (i) shall, in
accordance with section 221(i) of the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
1201(i))--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (I) take effect
immediately; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (II) cancel any other
valid visa or entry documentation that
is in the possession of the
alien.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Implementation; Penalties.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Implementation.--The President may exercise
all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and
1704) for purposes of carrying out this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Penalties.--The penalties provided for in
subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a
person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to
violate, or causes a violation of this section or any
regulations promulgated to carry out this section to the same
extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an
unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (d) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Agricultural commodity.--The term
``agricultural commodity'' has the meaning given such term in
section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C.
5602).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person''
means a person that is not a United States person.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) Medical device.--The term ``medical device''
has the meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the
meaning given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (e) Termination of Sanctions.--The President may terminate
the application of a sanction imposed pursuant to this section with
respect to a person if the President certifies to the appropriate
committees of Congress that--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the person is not engaging in the activity
that was the basis for such sanction or has taken significant
verifiable steps toward stopping such activity; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) the President has received reliable assurances
that the person will not knowingly engage in activity subject
to such sanction in the future.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (f) Exceptions.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Humanitarian assistance.--Sanctions authorized
under this section shall not apply to--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) the conduct or facilitation of a
transaction for the provision of agricultural
commodities, food, medicine, medical devices,
humanitarian assistance, or for humanitarian purposes;
or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) transactions that are necessary for,
or ordinarily incident to, the activities described in
subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Compliance with international obligations and
law enforcement activities.--Sanctions authorized under this
section shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting
or paroling such alien is necessary--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) to comply with United States
obligations under--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) the Agreement between the
United Nations and the United States of America
regarding the Headquarters of the United
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947,
and entered into force November 21,
1947;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) the Convention on Consular
Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and
entered into force March 19, 1967; or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (iii) any other international
agreement; or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) to carry out or assist law enforcement
activity in the United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) Exception for intelligence activities.--
Sanctions authorized under this section shall not apply to--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) any activity subject to the reporting
requirements under title V of the National Security Act
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.); or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) any authorized intelligence activities
of the United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) Exception relating to importation of goods.--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) In general.--The requirement to block
and prohibit all transactions in all property and
interests in property under this section shall not
include the authority or a requirement to impose
sanctions on the importation of goods.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) Good defined.--In this paragraph, the
term ``good'' means any article, natural or man-made
substance, material, supply or manufactured product,
including inspection and test equipment, and excluding
technical data.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (g) Rulemaking.--The President is authorized to promulgate
such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the
provisions of this section (which may include regulatory exceptions),
including under section 205 of the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1704).</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 7. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE AND
INVESTMENTS FOR TANZANIA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (c),
none of the following may be obligated, expended, or otherwise made
available for any entity in Tanzania:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Security assistance, as defined in section
502B(d)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2304(d)(2)).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Assistance, grants, loans, loan guarantees,
insurance, equity investments, or other support provided by--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) the United States International
Development Finance Corporation;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the Export-Import Bank of the United
States; or</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) the United States Trade and
Development Agency.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Certification.--The prohibition under subsection (a)
shall terminate beginning on the date that is 30 days after the date on
which the Secretary of State submits to the appropriate committees of
Congress a written certification that the Government of Tanzania has--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) enacted electoral reforms to advance free,
fair, and transparent elections;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) suspended politically motivated or
illegitimate criminal proceedings, corrected flawed or improper
judicial judgments, and released opposition leaders and other
individuals detained on politically motivated
grounds;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) taken demonstrable steps to hold government
officials, members of the security forces, and law enforcement
personnel accountable for political abductions, electoral
violence, and actions that undermine democratic institutions;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) ceased the political intimidation and
censorship of media figures, journalists, and civil society
actors.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Exceptions.--The prohibition under subsection (a)
shall not apply to--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) humanitarian assistance;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) health assistance; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) assistance to support democracy, human rights,
governance, and civil society in Tanzania.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 8. PROHIBITION ON MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION FUNDS
FOR TANZANIA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (b), no
Millennium Challenge Corporation funds may be committed, obligated,
expended, or otherwise made available for support for any threshold or
compact activities in Tanzania.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Certification.--The prohibition under subsection (a)
shall terminate beginning on the date that is 30 days after the date on
which the Board of Directors of the Millennium Challenge Corporation,
acting through the Chief Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge
Corporation, submits to the appropriate committees of Congress a
written certification that the Government of Tanzania has demonstrated
an ongoing commitment to just and democratic governance in accordance
with the criteria described in section 607 of the Millennium Challenge
Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7706).</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 9. APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DEFINED.</DELETED>
<DELETED> In this Act, the term ``appropriate committees of
Congress'' means--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Reassessing the United States-
Tanzania Bilateral Relationship Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Tanzania is one of Africa's fastest growing economies
with strong economic growth over the past decade due to the
expansion of key sectors, including agriculture, mining, and
tourism.
(2) Tanzania's reliability as a partner to the United
States is increasingly in question due to ongoing political
repression, violations of religious freedom and freedom of
expression, and persistent barriers to United States
investment.
(3) The October 29, 2025, general elections were marked by
significant political interference, including ballot
manipulation and vote tabulation irregularities, which favored
incumbent President Samia Suluhu Hassan and other candidates of
Tanzania's parliamentary majority party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi
(CCM).
(4) Leading up to the general elections in Tanzania's
October 29, 2025, election, multiple incidents of political
abductions and disappearances occurred in Tanzania, most
recently the abduction and subsequent disappearance of
Tanzanian Ambassador Humphrey Polepole on October 6, 2025.
(5) A range of actions by the CCM, a political party that
has continuously held a parliamentary majority and controlled
Tanzania's central government since the CCM's formation in
1977, has severely undermined democracy in the country.
(6) The ongoing treason trial of Chadema opposition figure
Tundu Lissu, terrorism charges against Chadema Deputy John
Heche, and charges and detentions of other opposition party
members are politically motivated and intended to prevent
opposition figures from standing for elections.
(7) The Government of Tanzania has engaged in violations of
religious freedom, including the revocation of registration for
religious institutions, harassment, detention, and attacks
against religious leaders, and restrictions on religious
worship and expression.
(8) During mass citizen protests against Tanzania's
fraudulent and illegitimate October 29, 2025, general
elections, the Tanzanian Police and Tanzania Defense Forces
killed hundreds of Tanzanian citizens and endangered the lives
of United States citizens and tourists visiting the country.
(9) While protestors faced attacks by Tanzanian Security
Forces, the Government of Tanzania imposed an internet shutdown
impacting online connections, communications, business, and
banking, disrupting regional trade and costing the country an
estimated $238,000,000 in the process.
(10) In response to this unprecedented violence and unrest
in Tanzania, the United States Embassy in Tanzania issued a
Security Alert on October 30, 2025, calling on United States
citizens in Tanzania to shelter-in-place.
(11) Following the electoral protests, the Tanzanian
electoral commission released disputed results from the
fraudulent election, declaring President Samia Suluhu Hassan
the winner with 98 percent of the vote.
(12) On December 4, 2025, the Department of State announced
a comprehensive review of the bilateral relationship between
the United States and Tanzania.
SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) over the last three years, the actions by the
Government of Tanzania--
(A) have subverted democracy;
(B) have blatantly violated citizens'
internationally-recognized human rights;
(C) have disrupted regional trade;
(D) have endangered the safety and security of
Tanzanians, tourists, and the diplomatic community;
(E) place United States national interests in
Tanzania at risk; and
(F) threaten to undermine regional stability and
long-term bilateral cooperation between the United
States and Tanzania; and
(2) the United States--
(A) supports the decision to terminate Tanzania's
Millennium Challenge Corporation threshold program;
(B) expresses solidarity with the people of
Tanzania;
(C) recognizes the unprecedented levels of violence
experienced in Tanzania; and
(D) supports calls for an international independent
investigation into the pre- and post-election violence
in Tanzania that will result in those who conducted
violence against Tanzania civilians being held
accountable for violations of internationally-
recognized human rights.
SEC. 4. REVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES RELATIONSHIP WITH TANZANIA.
(a) Reassessment of the United States-Tanzania Bilateral
Relationship.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the
Secretary of Defense, the United States Trade Representative, and the
heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall conduct a comprehensive
reassessment of the bilateral relationship between the United States
and Tanzania.
(b) Elements.--The reassessment required under subsection (a)
shall--
(1) review efforts taken by the Department of State to
press for the release of religious and opposition leaders
unjustly detained by the Government of Tanzania;
(2) analyze the democratic priorities and trajectory of
Tanzania;
(3) develop a detailed strategy outlining the necessary
democratic reforms needed in Tanzania;
(4) assess United States security assistance to Tanzania to
ensure the Tanzanian Defense Forces and the Tanzanian Police
are reliable partners that--
(A) adhere to Tanzania's constitutionally mandated
human rights and rule of law norms; and
(B) protect the safety of the citizens and all of
the visitors to Tanzania;
(5) evaluate the relationship between the Government of
Tanzania and the Government of the People's Republic of China,
including--
(A) military and security cooperation, including
training, exercises, arms transfers, and cooperation
between defense, intelligence, or law enforcement
entities;
(B) economic engagement, including investments,
loans, and financing involving Chinese-state-owned or
affiliated entities, and the impact of such activities
on market access, debt sustainability, and the
competitiveness of United States companies; and
(C) political cooperation with the Government of
the People's Republic of China that seeks to undermine
democratic principles, advance one-party consolidation,
and solidify anti-American and anti-Western sentiment
internally and internationally;
(6) assess the likely impact of the measures authorized
under this Act on United States strategic and security
interests in Tanzania and East Africa, including regional
security cooperation, maritime security, and competition with
the People's Republic of China; and
(7) evaluate the relationship between the Government of
Tanzania and the Government of the Russian Federation,
including--
(A) military and security cooperation, including
training, exercises, arms transfers, and cooperation
between defense, intelligence, or law enforcement
entities; and
(B) economic engagement activities, including
investments, loans, and financing involving Russian
state-owned or affiliated entities, and the impact of
such activities on market access, debt sustainability,
and the competitiveness of United States companies,
with a particular focus on Russian investment in the
energy, critical minerals, healthcare, and agriculture
sectors.
(c) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the
appropriate committees of Congress that includes the findings of the
reassessment required under subsection (a).
SEC. 5. REPORT ON CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS IN
TANZANIA.
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the appropriate
committees of Congress that includes a list of each foreign person the
Secretary determines--
(1) holds a senior position in the Government of Tanzania,
the leadership of Chama Cha Mapinduzi, the Tanzania Police
Force, the Tanzanian People's Defense Force, or the Tanzanian
Intelligence and Security Service; and
(2) is responsible for or complicit in, or has directly or
indirectly engaged in--
(A) ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing
abductions, enforced disappearances, or arbitrary
detention of political opponents, journalists, or civil
society actors;
(B) targeting harassment, intimidation, detention,
or use of violence against journalists, media
organizations, or activists to suppress dissent or
silence public reporting on violations of
internationally-recognized human rights;
(C) censorship or other restrictions on media,
shutdowns or reductions to internet access, or
restrictions on freedom of expression intended to
conceal abuses of internationally-recognized human
rights or to prevent the dissemination of credible
information;
(D) severe violations of religious freedom,
including the persecution of individuals or groups on
the basis of religion, prohibitions or restrictions on
religious worship, assembly, or expression, or acts of
violence, coercion, or discrimination against religious
communities;
(E) the use of transnational repression tactics
that target foreign nationals, Tanzanian citizens, and
diaspora members regionally and internationally;
(F) extrajudicial killings, torture, or gross
violations of internationally recognized human rights;
or
(G) other actions that violate or undermine
internationally recognized human rights or the civil
liberties guaranteed to Tanzanian citizens under the
Constitution of Tanzania.
SEC. 6. SANCTIONS.
(a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the submission of the
report required under section 5, the President may impose the sanctions
described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign person
described in section 5(1) that the Secretary of State determines meets
the criteria described in section 5(2).
(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection are the sanctions authorized under the Global Magnitsky
Human Rights Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.).
SEC. 7. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE AND INVESTMENTS
FOR TANZANIA.
(a) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsections (c) and (d),
assistance, grants, loans, loan guarantees, insurance, equity
investments, and other support provided by the United States
International Development Finance Corporation, the Export-Import Bank
of the United States, or the United States Trade and Development Agency
may not be obligated, expended, or otherwise made available for any
entity in Tanzania.
(b) Termination After Certification.--The prohibition under
subsection (a) shall terminate beginning on the date that is 30 days
after the date on which the Secretary of State submits to the
appropriate committees of Congress a written certification that the
Government of Tanzania has--
(1) taken steps to enact electoral reforms to advance free,
fair, and transparent elections;
(2) demonstrated substantial progress suspending
politically motivated or illegitimate criminal proceedings and
releasing opposition leaders and other individuals who were
detained on politically motivated grounds;
(3) allowed independent, outside investigators to conduct
their own investigation into the October 2025 election
violence;
(4) begun a dialogue with opposition leaders facilitated by
a third-party mediator or entity to discuss reconciliation
efforts and a way forward following the October 2025 election
violence; and
(5) taken steps to ensure the ability of media figures,
journalists, and civil society actors to operate free from
state sponsored violence.
(c) Exceptions.--The prohibition under subsection (a) shall not
apply to--
(1) humanitarian assistance;
(2) health assistance; or
(3) assistance to support democracy, human rights,
governance, and civil society in Tanzania.
(d) Waiver.--The Secretary of State may waive the prohibition under
subsection (a) if the Secretary determines and notifies the appropriate
committees of Congress that the issuance of such waiver is in the
national interests of the United States.
SEC. 8. PROHIBITION ON MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION FUNDS FOR
TANZANIA.
(a) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (b), no funds
authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out
section 609 or 616 of the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C.
7708 and 7715) may be made available to Tanzania.
(b) Termination After Certification.--The prohibition under
subsection (a) shall terminate beginning on the date that is 30 days
after the date on which the Board of Directors of the Millennium
Challenge Corporation, acting through the Chief Executive Officer of
the Millennium Challenge Corporation, submits to the appropriate
committees of Congress a written certification that the Government of
Tanzania has demonstrated its commitment to just and democratic
governance in accordance with the criteria described in section 607 of
the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7706).
SEC. 9. DEFINED TERM.
In this Act, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress''
means--
(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
(2) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
(3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives; and
(4) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives.
SEC. 10. SUNSET.
This Act shall cease to have any force or effect beginning on the
date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
Calendar No. 511
119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 4577
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A BILL
To reassess the United States-Tanzania bilateral relationship, and for
other purposes.
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July 27, 2026
Reported with an amendment