[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3795 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3795

      To establish the Radar Next Program, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            February 5, 2026

Ms. Cantwell (for herself and Mr. Budd) introduced the following bill; 
    which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
                      Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
      To establish the Radar Next Program, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Radar Next Program Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. RADAR NEXT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary, in consultation with the 
Director of the National Weather Service, shall establish a program to 
be known as the ``Radar Next Program'' (in this section referred to as 
the ``program'').
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out the program, the Under Secretary 
shall--
            (1) develop performance and coverage requirements for the 
        weather radar network of the United States, including for the 
        territories of the United States;
            (2) collaborate with the weather enterprise to determine 
        potential solutions to update the weather radar network of the 
        United States that meet the requirements developed under 
        paragraph (1); and
            (3) develop a plan in accordance with subsection (c).
    (c) Plan.--
            (1) In general.--The Under Secretary shall develop a plan 
        to replace the Next Generation Weather Radar system of the 
        National Weather Service in existence as of the date of the 
        enactment of this Act (in this subsection referred to as the 
        ``NEXRAD system'').
            (2) Elements.--The plan developed under this subsection 
        shall seek to continue and improve weather radar coverage in 
        the United States and its territories and include the 
        following:
                    (A) Estimates of quantifiable improvements in 
                performance, coverage, and accuracy to be made from 
                potential options for replacement of the NEXRAD system.
                    (B) Development of a phased array radar to test and 
                determine the specifications and requirements for such 
                replacement.
                    (C) Expected actions needed to implement the 
                recommendations of the report published by the 
                Environmental Information Services Working Group of the 
                Science Advisory Board of the National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration on November 15, 2023, and 
                entitled ``A NESDIS Observing System Backbone 
                Framework'' to assist in defining a radar backbone 
                architecture that will best serve the United States.
                    (D) Establishment of a weather surveillance radar 
                testbed for the following:
                            (i) Evaluation of commercial radars with 
                        the potential to replace or supplement the 
                        NEXRAD system.
                            (ii) Providing technical assistance for the 
                        use of small, gap-filling radars with private 
                        and local partners in regions where 
                        geographical topography prevents the full use 
                        of large systems or in locations where such 
                        systems may not be commercially viable.
                    (E) Consultation and input solicited from academia, 
                meteorologists, emergency managers, and public safety 
                or utility officials regarding the specifications and 
                requirements for replacement of the NEXRAD system.
                    (F) Prioritized locations for initial deployment of 
                the system that will replace the NEXRAD system.
                    (G) Expected locations of the system that will 
                replace the NEXRAD system, including sites located more 
                than 75 miles away from an existing NEXRAD system 
                station and additional appropriate locations.
                    (H) Expected or planned improvements to data 
                available for weather and water-related forecasts and 
                warnings from the system that will replace the NEXRAD 
                system.
            (3) Procurement deadline.--The Under Secretary shall take 
        such actions as may be necessary to ensure the plan developed 
        under this subsection is fully implemented and executed by not 
        later than September 30, 2040.
    (d) Radar-As-A-Service.--
            (1) In general.--The Under Secretary may partner or 
        contract with entities outside of the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration to fill data gaps in weather radar 
        coverage using weather radars and data assimilation 
        technologies in order to--
                    (A) supplement data gaps in weather radar coverage, 
                including at low levels and in wide areas, in existence 
                as of the date of the enactment of this Act;
                    (B) ensure the continued performance of the weather 
                radar network of the United States; and
                    (C) better detect significant precipitation and 
                severe weather over a greater area across a population.
            (2) Considerations.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Under Secretary may consider--
                    (A) partnering or contracting with entities that 
                have participated in the testbed described in 
                subsection (c)(2)(D), the National Mesonet Program, or 
                cooperative research and development agreements; and
                    (B) weather camera systems and services, including 
                in consultation with the Federal Aviation 
                Administration, as viable technologies to supplement 
                weather forecasting and prediction needs.
    (e) Updates to Congress.--The Under Secretary shall provide to the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives periodic updates on the implementation of this section.
    (f) Definitions.--In this Act, the terms ``Under Secretary'' and 
``weather enterprise'' have the meanings given such terms in section 2 
of the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (15 
U.S.C. 8501).
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