[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3639 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3639

 To expedite processing of satellite and space licenses, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 14, 2026

  Mr. Cruz (for himself and Mr. Welch) introduced the following bill; 
    which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
                      Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To expedite processing of satellite and space licenses, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Satellite and Telecommunications 
Streamlining Act'' or the ``SAT Streamlining Act''.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States space industry represents a vital 
        component to the present and future economy, spurring job 
        creation, innovation, and United States leadership for years to 
        come;
            (2) the Federal Communications Commission should take 
        action within its remit to be forward-looking and ensure the 
        United States sustains global leadership in commercial space, 
        including advancing and implementing cutting-edge policy 
        positions so that the United States is the global standard 
        setter;
            (3) coordination among relevant Federal agencies is 
        important to monitoring and minimizing harm to the space 
        environment so that these finite resources may be well-utilized 
        to the benefit of future generations of Americans; and
            (4) engagement at the World Radiocommunication Conferences 
        of the International Telecommunication Union is important to 
        United States space leadership.

SEC. 3. AUTHORITY REGARDING CERTAIN LICENSES.

    (a) Amendment.--Part I of title III of the Communications Act of 
1934 (47 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 346. RADIOFREQUENCY LICENSING AUTHORITY RELATING TO CERTAIN 
              OPERATIONS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this section:
                    ``(A) Assistant secretary.--The term `Assistant 
                Secretary' means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce 
                for Communications and Information.
                    ``(B) Major amendment.--The term `major amendment' 
                has the meaning given that term in section 25.116(b) of 
                title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor 
                regulation.
                    ``(C) National defense or security of the united 
                states.--The term `national defense or security of the 
                United States'--
                            ``(i) means the protection of the United 
                        States from foreign aggression; and
                            ``(ii) does not otherwise include the 
                        protection of the general welfare of the United 
                        States.
                    ``(D) Relevant committees.--The term `relevant 
                committees' means the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Code of federal regulations.--The terms in section 
        25.103 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any 
        successor regulation, are incorporated by reference into this 
        Act.
    ``(b) Rules.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Commission shall issue rules to carry out this 
section that shall apply to applications and petitions submitted under 
subsection (c) after the date of enactment of this section.
    ``(c) Applications and Petitions.--
            ``(1) Applications for licenses and major amendments.--Not 
        later than 1 year after the date of receipt of a completed 
        application for a license or a major amendment of a license, 
        the Commission shall grant, on condition of successful 
        coordination with other Federal users as applicable, or deny 
        the application for--
                    ``(A) a non-geostationary orbit space station 
                license;
                    ``(B) a geostationary orbit space station license;
                    ``(C) an earth station; or
                    ``(D) a blanket-licensed earth station.
            ``(2) Petition for a grant of market access.--
                    ``(A) In general.--After the Commission issues a 
                public notice of the acceptance for filing of a 
                petition for a grant of market access, the Commission 
                shall grant or deny the petition for--
                            ``(i) a non-geostationary orbit space 
                        station market access; or
                            ``(ii) a geostationary orbit space station 
                        market access.
                    ``(B) Grant of market access and term.--No grant of 
                market access shall be granted for more than 15 years. 
                Grants of market access in effect on the date of 
                enactment of this section shall expire not later than 
                15 years from the date of enactment of this section.
                    ``(C) Market access renewals.--The Commission may 
                create a market access renewal mechanism for grantees 
                that remain in compliance and have no change in their 
                risk profile.
            ``(3) Review extension.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Commission may extend the 
                period of review of an application for a license or 
                renewal only if--
                            ``(i) the Commission finds that there are 
                        extraordinary circumstances involving a danger 
                        to life or property or an action that is 
                        necessary for the national defense or security 
                        of the United States requiring additional time 
                        for consideration of the application;
                            ``(ii) the Commission finds that extra 
                        time, not to exceed 90 days, is needed to 
                        complete a non-geostationary space station 
                        application processing round under the terms in 
                        section 25.157 of title 47, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations, or any successor regulation;
                            ``(iii) the Commission publishes and 
                        submits to the relevant committees a notice 
                        that--
                                    ``(I) states the reasons of the 
                                Commission for an extension; and
                                    ``(II) the length of the period of 
                                the extension; or
                            ``(iv) a lapse in appropriations occurs 
                        with respect to the Commission granting such 
                        applications.
                    ``(B) Limitations on period of extension.--The 
                Commission may not grant--
                            ``(i) an extension of a deadline for a 
                        period that is more than 90 days; or
                            ``(ii) more than 2 extensions of a 
                        deadline.
                    ``(C) Deemed granted.--If the Commission fails to 
                grant or deny an application for a license or major 
                amendment of a license by the end of the applicable 
                review period, the application shall be deemed granted 
                on the date on which the Commission receives from the 
                applicant written notice of the Commission's failure to 
                grant or deny the application by the applicable 
                deadline.
            ``(4) Requests for renewal of license or grant of market 
        access.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph 
                (3), not later than 180 days after the date on which 
                the Commission receives a complete request for renewal 
                of a license or grant of market access, the Commission 
                shall--
                            ``(i) if the Commission determines the 
                        requirements under section 309(k) have been 
                        met, grant the request for a term not to exceed 
                        the length of--
                                    ``(I) the initial term; or
                                    ``(II) in the case of a renewal of 
                                a grant of market access, 15 years;
                            ``(ii) if the Commission makes the 
                        determination described in section 309(k)(3), 
                        deny the request; or
                            ``(iii) if the Commission determines an 
                        extension necessary to ensure the national 
                        defense or security of the United States, 
                        submit to the relevant committees a report 
                        explaining the determination and extend the 
                        deadline of review for not longer than one 
                        additional 180-day term.
                    ``(B) Deemed granted.--If the Commission fails to 
                grant or deny a request for renewal of a license or 
                grant of market access by the date described in 
                subparagraph (A), the renewal shall be deemed granted 
                on the date on which the Commission receives from the 
                requestor a written notice of the Commission's failure 
                to grant or deny the renewal by the applicable 
                deadline.
            ``(5) Expedited treatment for minor modifications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B) or to ensure the national defense or 
                security of the United States, not later than 90 days 
                after the date on which the Commission receives a 
                completed request to modify a license, the Commission 
                shall grant the request if the request is limited only 
                to modifications, or a class of modifications, that--
                            ``(i) increase transmission capacity or 
                        improve spectral efficiency, such as by 
                        improving compression technologies; and
                            ``(ii) otherwise do not substantially 
                        modify the space or earth station authorized by 
                        the license.
                    ``(B) Exclusion.--This paragraph does not apply to 
                a request to modify a license for--
                            ``(i) the addition of an ancillary 
                        terrestrial component; or
                            ``(ii) modifying the service offered under 
                        the initial license granted pursuant to 
                        paragraph (1) between fixed satellite service 
                        and mobile satellite service.
                    ``(C) Exception.--The Commission may extend the 
                period of review of a request under subparagraph (A) 
                for national security and law enforcement concerns 
                pursuant to paragraph (9).
            ``(6) Expedited treatment for certain modifications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the 
                Commission receives a request to modify a license or 
                grant of market access in order to conduct a 
                replacement described in subparagraph (B), the 
                Commission shall grant or deny the request.
                    ``(B) Replacement described.--A replacement 
                described in this subparagraph is a replacement of--
                            ``(i) 1 space station, or component of a 
                        space station, with a technically similar space 
                        station, or component of a space station, 
                        previously approved by the Commission; or
                            ``(ii) 1 earth station, or component of an 
                        earth station, with a technically similar earth 
                        station, or component of an earth station, 
                        previously approved by the Commission.
                    ``(C) Exception.--The Commission may extend the 
                period of review of a request under subparagraph (A) 
                for national security and law enforcement concerns 
                pursuant to paragraph (9).
            ``(7) Alleviation of delays for certain applications.--
                    ``(A) Addition of certain authorized space 
                stations.--The Commission shall permit non-
                geostationary orbit operators to add an authorized 
                space station as a point of communication to an 
                authorized ground station on a notification-only basis 
                without filing an application for modification of a 
                license or grant of market access if the addition of 
                the authorized space station involves no other changes 
                to the authorized parameters of the ground station.
                    ``(B) Extension of special temporary authority.--
                The Commission may extend a grant of special temporary 
                authority under section 25.120(b)(3) of title 47, Code 
                of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation, 
                the request for which was filed alongside an 
                application for regular nonbroadcast operation, on the 
                Commission's own motion.
                    ``(C) Priority applications.--The Commission shall 
                consider whether to implement a process that 
                prioritizes applications relating to systems most 
                likely to imminently impact customers, such as systems 
                relating to currently functioning or soon to be 
                functioning systems.
            ``(8) Emergency grant, renewal, or modification.--If the 
        Commission finds that there are extraordinary circumstances 
        involving a danger to life or property or an action that is 
        necessary for the national defense or security of the United 
        States, the Commission--
                    ``(A) may grant, for a period not to exceed 180 
                days in a manner and upon the terms the Commission 
                shall by rule prescribe--
                            ``(i) a license or grant of market access;
                            ``(ii) a renewal of a license or grant of 
                        market access; or
                            ``(iii) a modification of a license or 
                        grant of market access;
                    ``(B) shall include with a grant made under 
                subparagraph (A) a statement of the reasons of the 
                Commission for making the grant;
                    ``(C) may extend a grant made under subparagraph 
                (A) for a period not to exceed 180 days; and
                    ``(D) shall give expeditious treatment to any--
                            ``(i) timely filed petition to deny a grant 
                        made under this subsection; or
                            ``(ii) timely filed petition for rehearing 
                        of a grant made under this subsection that is 
                        filed under section 405.
            ``(9) Review for national security and law enforcement 
        concerns.--
                    ``(A) Review required for entities with reportable 
                foreign ownership.--For each application for a license, 
                petition for a grant of market access, or request for a 
                modification submitted by an entity that has not 
                already undergone a foreign ownership review as 
                described in this subparagraph or has changed its 
                foreign ownership structure and that the Commission 
                determines to have reportable foreign ownership, the 
                Commission shall refer the application or request to 
                the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign 
                Participation in the United States Telecommunications 
                Services Sector established by Executive Order 13913 
                (85 Fed. Reg. 19643; relating to the establishment of 
                the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign 
                Participation in the United States Telecommunications 
                Services Sector) (in this paragraph referred to as the 
                `Committee') for review of national security and law 
                enforcement concerns that may be raised by the 
                application, petition, or request.
                    ``(B) Review at discretion of commission.--In 
                addition to any application, petition, or request that 
                the Commission is required under subparagraph (A) to 
                refer to the Committee, the Commission may, at the 
                Commission's own discretion, refer any other 
                application for a license, petition for a grant of 
                market access, or request for a modification submitted 
                by an entity for review of national security and law 
                enforcement concerns that may be raised by the 
                application, petition, or request.
            ``(10) Completeness.--
                    ``(A) In general.--With respect to each application 
                for a license, petition for a grant of market access, 
                or application for an earth station, not later than 30 
                days after receiving such application or petition, the 
                Commission shall--
                            ``(i) determine whether--
                                    ``(I) the application or petition 
                                contains--
                                            ``(aa) in the case of an 
                                        application for a license, all 
                                        of the information required to 
                                        be submitted with the 
                                        application;
                                            ``(bb) in the case of a 
                                        petition for a grant of market 
                                        access, all of the information 
                                        required to be submitted with 
                                        the petition; or
                                            ``(cc) in the case of an 
                                        application for an earth 
                                        station, all of the information 
                                        required to be submitted with 
                                        the application; and
                                    ``(II) the applicant or petitioner 
                                has paid the fee, if any, required; and
                            ``(ii)(I) if the determinations under 
                        subclauses (I) and (II) of clause (i) are both 
                        in the affirmative, issue a public notice of 
                        the acceptance for filing of the application as 
                        necessary; or
                            ``(II) if either determination under 
                        subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i) is in the 
                        negative, provide notice to the applicant of 
                        the negative determination, including the 
                        information required to be submitted for the 
                        application to be determined complete.
                    ``(B) Inaction by commission.--
                            ``(i) In general.--If, with respect to 
                        application for a license, a petition for a 
                        grant of market access, or application for an 
                        earth station, the Commission fails to make the 
                        determinations described in subparagraph (A) 
                        within 30 days, the Commission shall be deemed 
                        for purposes of such application or petition to 
                        have issued a public notice of the acceptance 
                        for filing of the application on the date on 
                        which the Commission receives from the 
                        applicant written notice of the Commission's 
                        failure to make the determinations described in 
                        subparagraph (A).
                            ``(ii) Publication.--The applicant shall 
                        provide the written notice described in clause 
                        (i) publicly in the appropriate Commission 
                        database.
            ``(11) Coordination.--The Commission and Assistant 
        Secretary shall enter into a Memorandum of Understanding, or 
        execute comparable formal arrangements, to enhance and 
        standardize interagency coordination to the extent practicable, 
        with the aim of expediting the review of applications and 
        petitions submitted under this subsection.
    ``(d) State Preemption of Market Entry; Rates.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, a State or local government may not regulate 
the rates charged by--
            ``(1) an applicant or licensee with respect to a license 
        granted; or
            ``(2) an applicant or grantee with respect to a grant of 
        market access.
    ``(e) Spectrum Efficiency.--The Commission shall promulgate rules 
that seek to promote competition, innovation, and efficient use of 
spectrum by entities licensed or granted market access, including by 
accounting for advancements in technology capable of managing 
interference concerns to the greatest extent practicable.
    ``(f) Regulatory Restraint.--
            ``(1) Limitation on information required to be provided.--
        In performing any act, issuing any rule or regulation, or 
        issuing any order necessary to carry out this section, the 
        Commission--
                    ``(A) shall limit the information required to be 
                furnished to the Commission to that which is strictly 
                necessary;
                    ``(B) with respect to an application for a license, 
                petition for a grant of market access, or application 
                for an earth station--
                            ``(i) may not require the filing of any 
                        information that is not directly material to 
                        the considerations that affect the decision on 
                        such application or petition; and
                            ``(ii) may require information about new or 
                        additional facts that the Commission determines 
                        necessary to make its decision; and
                    ``(C) shall proactively reorient the application 
                and petitions systems of the Commission to reduce the 
                amount of information required of applicants and 
                petitioners that the Commission has already collected.
    ``(g) Report on Backlog.--The Commission shall submit to the 
relevant committees and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives an 
annual report on the backlog of applications and petitions described 
under subsection (c), including the number of applications that are 
outstanding for applicant companies that no longer exist, until the 
later of 2 years after the date of enactment of this section or such 
time as the backlog is reduced to processing times not exceeding 1 
year.
    ``(h) Relation to Experimental and Amateur Uses.--This section 
shall not apply to any Commission authorization with respect to--
            ``(1) the experimental radio service; or
            ``(2) the amateur radio service.''.
    (b) Relation to Other Law Amendments.--Section 309 of the 
Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 309) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (j)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``; or'' and 
                inserting a semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
                subparagraph (D); and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
                following:
                    ``(C) for licenses or grants of market access 
                granted under section 346; or''; and
            (2) in subsection (k)--
                    (A) in the heading, by striking ``broadcast station 
                renewal procedures'' and inserting ``Renewal Procedures 
                for Certain Authorizations'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``, the holder of 
                                a license or the recipient of a grant 
                                of market access granted under section 
                                346(c),'' after ``broadcast station'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``or grant'' 
                                after ``such license'';
                                    (III) by striking ``that station'' 
                                and inserting ``that licensee, 
                                recipient, or entity''; and
                                    (IV) by inserting ``or grant of 
                                market access'' after ``its license'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the 
                        station'' and inserting ``in the case of a 
                        broadcast station, the station'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``, 
                        recipient, or entity'' after ``licensee''; and
                            (iv) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``, 
                        recipient, or entity'' after ``licensee'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, or the 
                holder of a license or the recipient of a grant of 
                market access granted under section 346(c),'' after 
                ``broadcast station'';
                    (D) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``of a broadcast station, a 
                        holder of a license, or a recipient of a grant 
                        of market access granted under section 346(c)'' 
                        after ``that a licensee'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``, recipient, or 
                                entity'' after ``licensee''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``or 346'' after 
                                ``section 308''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``former licensee'' and inserting ``former 
                        licensee of a broadcast station or such 
                        applications for a license or grant of market 
                        access filed under section 346(c) specifying 
                        the information of the former licensee, 
                        recipient, or entity''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``or a grant of 
                market access'' after ``license''.
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