[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3583 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3583

   To establish a pilot program in which States may use consolidated 
 funds, through Upward Mobility Grants, for antipoverty programs, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 6, 2026

  Mr. Husted introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
                  referred to the Committee on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To establish a pilot program in which States may use consolidated 
 funds, through Upward Mobility Grants, for antipoverty programs, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Upward Mobility Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. CONSOLIDATION OF ANTIPOVERTY PROGRAMS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Antipoverty objectives.--The term ``antipoverty 
        objectives'' means the objectives described in subsection 
        (b)(2).
            (2) Antipoverty program.--The term ``antipoverty program'' 
        means the set of activities for which a covered amount may be 
        used.
            (3) Covered amount.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                term ``covered amount'' means--
                            (i) an amount that a State is eligible to 
                        receive in Federal funds, through a grant, 
                        contract, or other payment--
                                    (I) under subsection (a) or (h) of 
                                section 16 of the Food and Nutrition 
                                Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025) (relating 
                                to the supplemental nutrition 
                                assistance program);
                                    (II) for benefits (as defined in 
                                section 3 of the Food and Nutrition Act 
                                of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012)) for 
                                participants of the supplemental 
                                nutrition assistance program 
                                established under the Food and 
                                Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et 
                                seq.) pursuant to section 4(a)(1) of 
                                that Act (7 U.S.C. 2013(a)(1));
                                    (III) under paragraph (1) or (2) of 
                                section 403(a) of the Social Security 
                                Act (42 U.S.C. 603(a)) (relating to the 
                                temporary assistance for needy families 
                                program State family assistance grant);
                                    (IV) under section 658O(b) of the 
                                Child Care and Development Block Grant 
                                Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858m(b)), from 
                                amounts appropriated under that Act or 
                                under section 418(a)(3)(A) of the 
                                Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
                                618(a)(3)(A)) (relating to a program of 
                                child care services);
                                    (V) under section 2604 (other than 
                                subsection (e)), 2607A, 2607B, or 2609A 
                                of the Low-Income Home Energy 
                                Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8623, 
                                8626a, 8626b, or 8628a) (relating to 
                                programs of home energy assistance);
                                    (VI) under section 132(b)(2)(B) or 
                                section 170 of the Workforce Innovation 
                                and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
                                3171(b)(2)(B), 3225) (relating to 
                                assistance for dislocated workers); and
                                    (VII) under subsection (b) or (d) 
                                of section 106 of the Housing and 
                                Community Development Act of 1974 (42 
                                U.S.C. 5306) (relating to community 
                                development);
                            (ii) the amount that public housing 
                        agencies, as defined in section 3(b) of the 
                        United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
                        1437a(b)), located in a State are eligible to 
                        receive through allocations--
                                    (I) under section 8(o) of such Act 
                                (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)) for tenant-based 
                                assistance; and
                                    (II) under section 9 of such Act 
                                (42 U.S.C. 1437g) for public housing 
                                from the Capital Fund and Operating 
                                Fund; and
                            (iii) the amount that persons and families 
                        located in a State (other than members of an 
                        Indian tribe) are eligible to receive in 
                        Federal assistance under section 521 of the 
                        Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1490a).
                    (B) Rule.--The term ``covered amount''--
                            (i) includes an amount described in 
                        subparagraph (A) whether or not the State or 
                        public housing agency involved is directed to 
                        use the amount to provide funding for 
                        localities or other entities under Federal law, 
                        subject to clause (ii); and
                            (ii) does not include any amount described 
                        in subparagraph (A) that a State or public 
                        housing agency is so directed to use to provide 
                        funding for an Indian tribe.
            (4) Direct assistance benefits.--The term ``direct 
        assistance benefits'' means--
                    (A) nutrition (including food) benefits;
                    (B) cash benefits for low-income families and 
                individuals;
                    (C) child care subsidies;
                    (D) home energy (including utility) assistance;
                    (E) employment and training services provided 
                directly to a dislocated worker; and
                    (F) housing (including rent) subsidies.
            (5) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            (6) Marginal effective tax rate.--The term ``Marginal 
        Effective Tax Rate'', used with respect to an individual, means 
        the percentage of an increase in earned income attributable to 
        the individual's employment, as determined for a State under 
        subsection (j)(2), that is offset by--
                    (A) the combined reduction or loss in value of per-
                capita direct assistance for the individual; and
                    (B) the combined increase in Federal, State, and 
                local income and payroll taxes for the individual.
            (7) Per-capita direct assistance.--The term ``per-capita 
        direct assistance'', used with respect to a State, means--
                    (A) the total amount of Federal funding used in a 
                pilot project in any year for direct assistance 
                benefits from the funding sources listed in paragraph 
                (3); divided by
                    (B) the population of the State.
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Health and Human Services, acting through the Assistant 
        Secretary for Children and Families.
            (9) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States of the United States, and the District of Columbia.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to achieve the goals of--
                    (A) streamlining service delivery and reducing 
                inconsistent eligibility requirements and benefit 
                cliffs through pilot projects promoting antipoverty 
                objectives;
                    (B) promoting upward mobility through improved 
                employment outcomes described in subsection (j)(2)(B), 
                including increased employment and earnings, among 
                participants in a pilot project; and
                    (C) providing incentives to States to reduce 
                dependence on per-capita direct assistance through the 
                pilot projects by enabling individuals to achieve the 
                improved employment outcomes; and
            (2) to accomplish those goals by authorizing States to 
        apply to receive Upward Mobility Grants for the purpose of 
        carrying out a pilot project to promote antipoverty objectives, 
        consisting of--
                    (A) reduced benefit cliffs through benefit 
                structures that limit Marginal Effective Tax Rates; and
                    (B) increased levels of employment and earnings 
                among participants in programs covered by the pilot 
                project, skills acquisition, housing (including rental 
                housing) affordability, access to nutrition, reduced 
                home energy costs, affordable child care, and temporary 
                assistance to low-income families.
    (c) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--There is established a pilot program 
        through which the Secretary may--
                    (A) permit not more than 5 States to carry out 
                pilot projects; and
                    (B) consolidate funding from antipoverty programs 
                into Upward Mobility Grants made under subsection 
                (d)(1), and make those grants to the States to carry 
                out the projects.
            (2) Limited scope pilot projects.--A State may elect to 
        seek such permission and consolidated funding to carry out a 
        limited scope pilot project described in the State's 
        application under subsection (f).
            (3) Duration.--The Secretary shall provide the permission 
        and grants described in this subsection for a pilot project for 
        a single period of 5 years.
    (d) Upward Mobility Grants.--
            (1) Pilot project grant amounts.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of Federal law applicable to an antipoverty program, 
        except as otherwise provided in this section, for each fiscal 
        year of the pilot project period applicable to a pilot project 
        approved for a State pursuant to subsection (g), the Secretary 
        shall make an Upward Mobility Grant to the State, as calculated 
        under paragraph (2), for purposes of carrying out the project 
        for that fiscal year.
            (2) Calculation.--
                    (A) First year.--For the first fiscal year of the 
                pilot project, the Secretary shall make an Upward 
                Mobility Grant to the State, in a sum calculated as the 
                total of the covered amounts received by the State, for 
                the preceding fiscal year, adjusted by the percentage 
                change in the Personal Consumption Expenditures Price 
                Index of the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the 
                Department of Commerce for such preceding fiscal year.
                    (B) Subsequent years.--For each fiscal year of the 
                pilot project (referred to in this subparagraph as a 
                ``target fiscal year'') after the first fiscal year 
                described in subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall make 
                an Upward Mobility Grant to the State, in an updated 
                sum equal to the sum calculated for the State under 
                this paragraph for the preceding fiscal year, 
                adjusted--
                            (i) by the percentage change in that 
                        Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index 
                        between the first day of the preceding fiscal 
                        year and the first day of the target fiscal 
                        year; and
                            (ii) in a manner consistent with the per-
                        capita direct assistance adjustment prohibition 
                        described in subsection (k).
                    (C) Adjustment for appropriations lapse.--
                            (i) First year.--For the purposes of 
                        determining, under subparagraph (A), a total of 
                        covered amounts for a preceding fiscal year in 
                        which there was a lapse in appropriations, the 
                        total of the covered amounts shall be 
                        determined as if the corresponding funding was 
                        appropriated for the entire fiscal year.
                            (ii) Subsequent years.--For the purposes of 
                        determining, under subparagraph (B), a sum 
                        calculated for a State for a preceding fiscal 
                        year in which there was a lapse in 
                        appropriations, the sum shall be determined as 
                        if the corresponding funding was appropriated 
                        for the entire fiscal year.
                    (D) Limited scope pilot projects.--Notwithstanding 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), if a State has obtained 
                approval to carry out a limited scope pilot project 
                under this section, the Upward Mobility Grant for the 
                State shall be a percentage, between 10 and 100 
                percent, as indicated by the State in the application 
                submitted under subsection (f) of the amount the State 
                would otherwise receive under subparagraph (A) or (B).
            (3) Payments.--For each fiscal year quarter during the 
        pilot project, the Secretary shall make a payment to the State 
        under the Upward Mobility Grant, equal to 25 percent of the 
        amount of the grant.
    (e) Impact of Participation.--
            (1) Waiver.--Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal 
        law applicable to an antipoverty program, except as otherwise 
        provided in this section, if a State elects to carry out a 
        pilot project and obtains approval of an application under 
        subsection (g), the Secretary shall, subject to paragraph (2) 
        and consistent with the goals of the antipoverty programs 
        included in the pilot project, grant the State, for purposes of 
        the pilot project, such waivers to statutory or regulatory 
        requirements, as the State requests in its application--
                    (A) relating to consolidating, replacing, or 
                altering eligibility requirements;
                    (B) relating to the design, operation, or delivery 
                of an antipoverty program; and
                    (C) relating to the use, allocation, or 
                distribution of funding.
            (2) Provisions excluded from waiver authority.--A waiver 
        shall not be granted under paragraph (1) with respect to any 
        provision of law relating to--
                    (A) the goals of any antipoverty program;
                    (B) civil rights or the prohibition of 
                discrimination;
                    (C) health or safety;
                    (D) labor standards under the Fair Labor Standards 
                Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.);
                    (E) environmental protection;
                    (F) any restriction on providing benefits to 
                individuals who are not citizens of or are unlawfully 
                present in the United States;
                    (G) the protection of religious freedom for 
                providers and beneficiaries of assistance;
                    (H) any funding restriction or limitation provided 
                in an appropriations Act;
                    (I) a maintenance of effort requirement; or
                    (J) any requirement that a State distribute to a 
                sub-State entity part or all of an amount paid to the 
                State.
            (3) Housing programs.--Funds made available under a pilot 
        project for the goals of an antipoverty program related to a 
        covered amount described in clause (i)(VII), (ii), or (iii) of 
        subsection (a)(3)(A) shall continue to be provided to the same 
        eligible local entities or recipients as under applicable law 
        in effect as of the date of enactment of this Act.
            (4) Impact on funding.--
                    (A) In general.--During the period of the pilot 
                project--
                            (i) the State shall not be eligible to 
                        receive Federal funding for the antipoverty 
                        programs, outside the pilot project; and
                            (ii) individuals receiving per-capita 
                        direct assistance through the pilot project 
                        shall not be eligible for additional benefits 
                        under the antipoverty programs, outside the 
                        pilot project.
                    (B) Exceptions.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), 
                in the case of a State carrying out a limited scope 
                pilot project described in subsection (c)(2), the State 
                may continue to receive Federal funding for the 
                antipoverty programs, outside the pilot project.
                    (C) SNAP contingency fund.--
                            (i) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                        subparagraph (A), on the request of a State 
                        carrying out a pilot project, the Secretary of 
                        Agriculture may use contingency reserve funding 
                        made available under the provisions described 
                        in clause (ii) to provide benefits to 
                        individuals receiving per-capita direct 
                        assistance through the pilot project under the 
                        supplemental nutrition assistance program 
                        established under the Food and Nutrition Act of 
                        2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) during a period of 
                        economic downturn, a natural disaster, a public 
                        health emergency, or another unanticipated 
                        event that increases the demand for those 
                        benefits, as determined by the Secretary of 
                        Agriculture.
                            (ii) Provisions described.--The provisions 
                        referred to in clause (i) are the following:
                                    (I) The matter under the heading 
                                ``supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program'' under the heading ``Food and 
                                Nutrition Service'' under the heading 
                                ``DOMESTIC FOOD PROGRAMS'' in title IV 
                                of division B of the Continuing 
                                Appropriations, Agriculture, 
                                Legislative Branch, Military 
                                Construction and Veterans Affairs, and 
                                Extensions Act, 2026 (Public Law 119-
                                37).
                                    (II) The matter under the heading 
                                ``supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program'' under the heading ``Food and 
                                Nutrition Service'' under the heading 
                                ``DOMESTIC FOOD PROGRAMS'' in title IV 
                                of division B of the Consolidated 
                                Appropriations Act, 2024 (Public Law 
                                118-42; 138 Stat. 93).
                                    (III) Section 1109 of the Full-Year 
                                Continuing Appropriations and 
                                Extensions Act, 2025 (Public Law 119-4; 
                                139 Stat. 13).
                    (D) Temporary assistance for needy families (tanf) 
                contingency fund.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), on 
                the request of a State carrying out a pilot project, 
                the Secretary may use funds available under section 
                403(b) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 603(b)) to 
                provide benefits to individuals receiving per-capita 
                direct assistance under the temporary assistance for 
                needy families program established under part A of 
                title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et 
                seq.) through the pilot project during a period of 
                economic downturn, a natural disaster, a public health 
                emergency, or another unanticipated event that 
                increases the demand for those benefits, as determined 
                by the Secretary. Nothing in the preceding sentence 
                shall be construed as requiring the State carrying out 
                the pilot project to submit a request under section 
                403(b) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 603(b)) 
                during an eligible month (as defined in paragraph (4) 
                of such section) for payment of funds under such 
                section or for the Secretary to determine that the 
                State is an eligible State for purposes of such 
                section.
                    (E) Low-income home energy assistance program 
                (liheap) emergency fund.--Notwithstanding subparagraph 
                (A), on the request of a State carrying out a pilot 
                project, the Secretary may use funds available under 
                section 2602(e) of the Low-Income Home Energy 
                Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621(e)) (in addition 
                to meeting the objectives described in that section) to 
                provide benefits to households that include individuals 
                receiving per-capita direct assistance through the 
                pilot project under the Low-Income Home Energy 
                Assistance Program established under that Act during a 
                period of economic downturn, a natural disaster, a 
                public health emergency, or another unanticipated event 
                that increases the demand for those benefits, as 
                determined by the Secretary.
                    (F) Emergency funding.--
                            (i) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                        subparagraph (A), nothing shall prohibit a 
                        State carrying out a pilot project from 
                        receiving an appropriation described in clause 
                        (ii), and using that appropriation to provide 
                        benefits to individuals receiving per-capita 
                        direct assistance through the pilot project.
                            (ii) Appropriation.--An appropriation 
                        described in this clause is an appropriation--
                                    (I) for an antipoverty program 
                                related to a covered amount described 
                                in subsection (a)(3)(A); and
                                    (II) made in an Act other than an 
                                regular appropriations Act.
            (5) Clarification.--A waiver granted to a State under 
        paragraph (1) includes a waiver for agencies, persons, and 
        families in the State described in clauses (ii) and (iii) of 
        subsection (a)(3)(A).
    (f) Applications.--To be eligible to receive an Upward Mobility 
Grant to carry out a pilot project under this section, a State shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Secretary may require, 
including--
            (1) information stating--
                    (A) how the State will utilize the Upward Mobility 
                Grant to achieve the antipoverty objectives described 
                in subsection (b)(2)(B);
                    (B) how the State will achieve the goals of the 
                antipoverty programs included in the pilot project 
                involved, including (as applicable to the programs 
                included) skills acquisition, housing (including rental 
                housing) affordability, access to nutrition, reduced 
                home energy costs, affordable child care, and temporary 
                assistance to low-income families; and
                    (C) how the State will ensure that funds made 
                available under the pilot project for the goals of an 
                antipoverty program related to a covered amount 
                described in clause (i)(VII), (ii), or (iii) of 
                subsection (a)(3)(A) shall continue to be provided to 
                the same eligible local entities or recipients as under 
                applicable law in effect as of the date of enactment of 
                this Act, and information demonstrating demonstrable, 
                substantive, and robust engagement with those local 
                entities and recipients on the waiver provisions 
                described in subsection (e)(1).
            (2)(A) information stating which statutory and regulatory 
        requirements applicable to an antipoverty program the State 
        requests to be waived, as described in subparagraphs (A), (B), 
        and (C) of subsection (e)(1);
    (B) a description of how the State will utilize the Upward Mobility 
Grant funds to design and use a benefit structure for benefits and 
services provided through the pilot project that promotes upward 
mobility through improvements on the upward mobility measures outlined 
in subsection (j)(2); and
    (C) benchmark goals for improvements on those measures;
            (3) information describing--
                    (A) the eligibility criteria established by the 
                State for pilot project participants;
                    (B) how the State, in carrying out the pilot 
                project, will--
                            (i) protect beneficiary data and privacy;
                            (ii) prevent fraudulent use of funds; and
                            (iii) maintain clear, auditable records for 
                        all funds and services; and
                    (C) the program integrity measures established by 
                the State to ensure that the State provides direct 
                assistance benefits to eligible pilot project 
                participants in compliance with the criteria 
                established under subparagraph (A) and requirements 
                established under clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of 
                subparagraph (B);
            (4)(A) information describing how the State will apply the 
        work requirement for direct assistance benefit recipients 
        specified in subsection (h); and
    (B) information describing the program integrity measures 
established by the State to ensure compliance with that work 
requirement;
            (5) information demonstrating how the State will engage 
        nonprofit organizations, faith-based organizations, private 
        service providers, local governments, and other local entities 
        to deliver holistic, customized case management and a portion 
        of the services for the pilot project;
            (6) information describing how the State will evaluate the 
        project by contracting under subsection (j) with an 
        independent, third-party evaluator, and will ensure the most 
        rigorous results from the evaluation and the strongest possible 
        measurement through the evaluation of the causal link between 
        the State's proposed benefit structure and the upward mobility 
        measures listed in subsection (j)(2), including--
                    (A) the methodology that will be used to evaluate 
                the pilot project;
                    (B) the data the State will collect and provide to 
                the evaluator;
                    (C) the process by which the State will collect the 
                data to provide to the evaluator; and
                    (D) information on the evaluator's qualifications, 
                including--
                            (i) confirmation that the evaluator is 
                        independent from the State and from any 
                        nonprofit organizations, faith-based 
                        organizations, private service providers, local 
                        governments, and other local entities 
                        participating in the pilot project; and
                            (ii) information stating whether the 
                        evaluator has demonstrated substantial 
                        experience in conducting rigorous evaluations, 
                        utilizing the methodology described under 
                        subparagraph (A);
            (7) information--
                    (A) describing how the State will utilize fiscal 
                savings resulting from improvements on upward mobility 
                measures under subsection (j)(2) to improve program 
                operations and infrastructure of programs covered by 
                the pilot project, including--
                            (i) establishing a State reserve fund to 
                        provide temporary per-capita direct assistance 
                        benefits to eligible individuals and households 
                        during a period of economic downturn, a natural 
                        disaster, a public health emergency, or another 
                        unanticipated event that increases the demand 
                        for those benefits, as determined by the 
                        corresponding Secretary;
                            (ii) using the savings to improve program 
                        management, eligibility verification, benefits 
                        distribution, compliance monitoring, and 
                        enforcement of the work requirement required 
                        under subsection (h);
                            (iii) using the savings for renovation, 
                        expansion, or maintenance of community 
                        facilities to promote antipoverty objectives 
                        described in subsection (b)(2)(B);
                            (iv) using the savings for resources for 
                        capacity-building to increase collaboration 
                        with and involvement of nonprofit 
                        organizations, faith-based organizations, 
                        private service providers, local governments, 
                        and other local entities to deliver services 
                        funded under the pilot project;
                            (v) using the savings to integrate program 
                        operations, improve case management, streamline 
                        client intake, or reduce administrative 
                        duplication; and
                            (vi) providing work supports for 
                        individuals who are employed and working hours 
                        consistent with section 261.32 of title 45, 
                        Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor 
                        regulation), who are not receiving assistance 
                        through the Upward Mobility Grant; and
                    (B) demonstrating how the supports described in 
                subparagraph (A)(vi) will be designed to--
                            (i) increase the level of hours worked for 
                        those receiving such a support; and
                            (ii) increase the level of earnings for 
                        those receiving such a support;
            (8) at the election of the State, a proposal--
                    (A) that describes how the State will reduce 
                regulatory barriers for the purpose of increasing 
                market access to, or lowering the costs of, nutrition, 
                child care, home energy (including utilities), 
                employment and training services for dislocated 
                workers, or housing (including rental housing) 
                (referred to in this paragraph as ``covered basics''); 
                and
                    (B) that includes--
                            (i) identification of existing (as of the 
                        date of submission) State regulatory barriers 
                        that limit market entry to, or production or 
                        supply of, any of the covered basics; and
                            (ii) actions the State will take to reduce, 
                        streamline, or eliminate regulations 
                        establishing such barriers; and
            (9) in the case of a State seeking to carry out a limited 
        scope pilot project--
                    (A) a detailed description of the more limited 
                scope of the pilot project, including whether the 
                project will involve a limited percentage of the 
                individuals eligible to participate in the pilot 
                project, a limited geographic area, a limited number of 
                antipoverty programs, or some other limitation on the 
                project; and
                    (B) information indicating the percentage described 
                in subsection (d)(2)(D) that the State seeks to receive 
                through the pilot program.
    (g) Evaluating and Approving Applications.--
            (1) In general.--In order for a State to receive an Upward 
        Mobility Grant to carry out a pilot project under this section, 
        the State shall obtain approval from the Secretary of the 
        application for the pilot project submitted under subsection 
        (f).
            (2) Comment period.--On receiving the application, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) not later than 5 days after the date of that 
                receipt, provide notice on the website of the 
                Department of Health and Human Services of receipt of 
                the application; and
                    (B) give interested persons, including stakeholders 
                in the State, an opportunity to submit comments on the 
                application for a 30-day period beginning on the date 
                on which the Secretary provides notice under 
                subparagraph (A).
            (3) Evaluation of applications.--In evaluating an 
        application to carry out a project, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) evaluate the application based on the extent to 
                which the project--
                            (i) will achieve the antipoverty objectives 
                        described in subsection (b)(2)(B);
                            (ii) will achieve the goals described in 
                        subsection (f)(1)(B); and
                            (iii) will meet the requirements described 
                        in subsection (f)(1)(C) relating to provision 
                        of funds and to engagement;
                    (B) evaluate the application based on the extent to 
                which the project will make improvements on the upward 
                mobility measures described in subsection (j)(2); and
                    (C) consider the extent to which the methodology of 
                the project evaluation under subsection (j) and data 
                collection under subsection (f) will--
                            (i) produce rigorous results, using 
                        experimental designs that use--
                                    (I) random assignment; or
                                    (II) if random assignment is not 
                                feasible, another reliable, evidence-
                                based research methodology that allows 
                                for the strongest practicable causal 
                                inferences; and
                            (ii) provide sufficient contextual 
                        information on the characteristics of the 
                        population served by the project, including 
                        demographic and geographic information, to 
                        assess the applicability of the project in 
                        other settings.
            (4) Priority.--In determining which applications to approve 
        under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to--
                    (A) applications for a pilot project with a program 
                design that limits--
                            (i) the average Marginal Effective Tax Rate 
                        of an increase in earned income attributable to 
                        employment through the pilot project to not 
                        more than 50 percent; and
                            (ii) the average Marginal Effective Tax 
                        Rate of an increase in such earned income to 
                        not more than 50 percent, among participants 
                        for whom such increase results in lack of 
                        eligibility for any per-capita direct 
                        assistance;
                    (B) applications the Secretary projects will most 
                make improvements on the upward mobility measures 
                described in subsection (j)(2);
                    (C) applications for a pilot project for which the 
                methodology described in paragraph (3)(C) will use an 
                experimental design that uses--
                            (i) random assignment; or
                            (ii) if random assignment is not feasible--
                                    (I) a natural experiment design;
                                    (II) a synthetic control method;
                                    (III) a differences-in-differences 
                                technique;
                                    (IV) a regression discontinuity 
                                method;
                                    (V) an instrumental variable 
                                method;
                                    (VI) a panel data with mixed 
                                effects method;
                                    (VII) a propensity score matching 
                                method; or
                                    (VIII) a cross-sectional regression 
                                method;
                    (D) applications that describe program integrity 
                measures that will maximize compliance with--
                            (i) the work requirement described in 
                        subsection (h); and
                            (ii) the requirements established under 
                        clauses (i), (ii), (iii) of subsection 
                        (f)(3)(B).
            (5) Approval or disapproval.--
                    (A) Grounds for disapproval.--In reviewing an 
                application, the Secretary determines that the project 
                will not achieve the antipoverty objectives described 
                in subsection (b)(2)(B), achieve the goals described in 
                subsection (f)(1)(B), or meet the requirements 
                described in subsection (f)(1)(C) relating to the 
                provision of funds and to engagement, the Secretary 
                shall disapprove the application. Nothing in this 
                subparagraph shall be construed to prevent the 
                Secretary from disapproving an application for another 
                reason specified in this section.
                    (B) Timeline.--The Secretary shall decide whether 
                or not to approve the application not later than 90 
                days after the date of receipt of the application.
            (6) Process after disapproval.--If the Secretary decides to 
        disapprove the application of a State--
                    (A) the Secretary shall provide the State with a 
                detailed explanation of the decision;
                    (B) the State may submit a modified application to 
                the Secretary for approval; and
                    (C) if a modified application is submitted, the 
                Secretary shall make a decision on approval of the 
                application, after evaluating and giving priority as 
                described in paragraphs (3) and (4), not later than 30 
                days after the date of receipt of the modified 
                application.
    (h) Work Requirement and Program Integrity.--
            (1) SNAP requirements.--The requirements under subsections 
        (d) and (o) of section 6 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2015) shall apply to recipients of direct assistance 
        benefits under a pilot project carried out under this section, 
        subject to such changes to those requirements as the Secretary 
        determines necessary.
            (2) Regulations; audit.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) prescribe such regulations as the Secretary 
                determines necessary and appropriate to ensure 
                compliance with and State enforcement of the 
                requirements described in paragraph (1); and
                    (B) audit the program integrity measures described 
                in paragraphs (3)(C) and (4)(B) of subsection (f) 
                established by States.
    (i) Data Sharing.--The Secretary shall facilitate data sharing, 
concerning data and other information relating to antipoverty programs, 
with Federal agencies and offices (other than the Administration for 
Children and Families of the Department of Health and Human Services) 
as necessary to administer the pilot program carried out under this 
Act. The Secretary shall cooperate with each State participating in the 
pilot program to coordinate access by Federal agencies and offices to 
data and other information relating to antipoverty programs included in 
the State's pilot project.
    (j) Evaluations.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) Determinations.--Each State that carries out a 
                pilot project under this Act shall enter into a 
                contract for an annual independent, third-party 
                evaluation of the pilot project, for purposes of 
                determining, for purposes of this section--
                            (i) per-capita direct assistance, and per-
                        capita direct assistance described in paragraph 
                        (2)(C); and
                            (ii) improvement on the upward mobility 
                        measures described in paragraph (2), as 
                        described in paragraph (3).
                    (B) Qualifications.--The evaluator shall 
                demonstrate the independence described in clause (i), 
                and the substantial experience described in clause 
                (ii), of subsection (f)(6)(D).
            (2) Upward mobility measures.--The State shall require the 
        evaluator to conduct annual evaluations of the pilot project on 
        upward mobility measures, which measure--
                    (A) the Marginal Effective Tax Rates, for pilot 
                project participants, of increases in earned income 
                attributable to employment through the pilot project;
                    (B) participant employment outcomes, consisting of 
                achievement of (relative to the full fiscal year that 
                precedes the date on which the Secretary approves the 
                application for the pilot project under subsection (g) 
                (referred to in this paragraph as the ``pre-
                implementation year''))--
                            (i) higher earnings of participants;
                            (ii) a higher percentage of participants 
                        with employment;
                            (iii) a higher percentage of participants 
                        with full-time employment; and
                            (iv) a higher percentage of participants 
                        who have retained employment;
                    (C) reduction (relative to the pre-implementation 
                year) in per-capita direct assistance by reducing the 
                dependence of participants on per-capita direct 
                assistance through improvement in employment outcomes 
                described in subparagraph (B);
                    (D) elimination or reduction in (relative to the 
                pre-implementation year) marriage penalties for 
                participants; and
                    (E) reduction (relative to the pre-implementation 
                year) in poverty among participants.
            (3) Improvement.--The State shall require the evaluator, as 
        part of each annual evaluation, to measure--
                    (A) improvement (relative to the pre-implementation 
                year) on the upward mobility measures described in 
                paragraph (2); and
                    (B) improvement on the upward mobility measures, 
                relative to the benchmark goals described under 
                subsection (f)(2)(C).
            (4) Use of evaluations.--The evaluator shall prepare and 
        submit to the Secretary a report containing the results of each 
        annual evaluation.
            (5) Comparison.--The evaluator shall make comparisons on 
        the upward mobility measures by comparing the outcomes of the 
        entire population enrolled in the antipoverty programs related 
        to a covered amount described in subsection (a)(3)(A)(i) for 
        the preceding fiscal year described in subsection (d)(2)(A), to 
        the outcomes for that entire population enrolled in those 
        antipoverty programs (included in the pilot project or not so 
        included) for the year covered by the evaluation.
    (k) Funding Adjustment.--No State shall receive an adjustment to an 
Upward Mobility Grant because the State increased the amount of the 
per-capita direct assistance provided, through an Upward Mobility 
Grant.

SEC. 3. TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS PROVISION.

    (a) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, unless otherwise 
provided or indicated by the context--
            (1) the term ``Administration'' means the Administration 
        for Children and Families;
            (2) the term ``covered Federal agency'' means an agency, as 
        defined in section 551(1) of title 5, United States Code, that 
        carries out an antipoverty program;
            (3) the term ``function'' means any duty, obligation, 
        power, authority, responsibility, right, privilege, activity, 
        or program;
            (4) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Health 
        and Human Services, acting through the Assistant Secretary for 
        Children and Families; and
            (5) the term ``transferred function'' means a function 
        (including a part of a function) transferred under this 
        section.
    (b) Administrative Funding.--
            (1) Amounts to states for administrative costs.--
                    (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this section, for each State carrying out 
                a pilot project under this Act, each head of a covered 
                Federal agency shall transfer to the State, for a 
                fiscal year, an amount that bears the same relationship 
                to the total amount of funding for administrative costs 
                of the antipoverty program involved for that fiscal 
                year for all States as the amount of funding the State 
                received for the nonadministrative costs of the program 
                for the prior fiscal year bears to the total amount of 
                funding that all States received for those costs for 
                the prior fiscal year.
                    (B) Determination.--For the purposes of 
                determining, under subparagraph (A), the funding a 
                State received for nonadministrative costs for a prior 
                fiscal year in which there was a lapse in 
                appropriations, the funding shall be determined as if 
                the corresponding money was appropriated for the entire 
                fiscal year.
            (2) Limited scope pilot projects.--For a State carrying out 
        a limited scope pilot project under section 2(c)(2), the head 
        of the Federal agency shall adjust the amount to be transferred 
        under paragraph (1) to account for the limited scope.
    (c) Transfer of Functions.--
            (1) In general.--There are transferred to the 
        Administration a portion, determined by the Office of 
        Management and Budget, of the functions that the heads of 
        covered Federal agencies exercised before the date of the 
        enactment of this Act (including related functions of any 
        officer or employee of a covered Federal agency). The portion 
        shall consist of those functions (or parts of functions) that 
        the Office determines are appropriate for the Administration to 
        exercise in carrying out this Act.
            (2) Delegation and assignment.--Except where otherwise 
        expressly prohibited by law or otherwise provided by this Act, 
        the Secretary may delegate any of the transferred functions to 
        such officers and employees of the Administration as the 
        Secretary may designate, and may authorize successive 
        redelegations of such functions as may be necessary or 
        appropriate. No delegation of transferred functions by the 
        Secretary under this section shall relieve such Secretary of 
        responsibility for the administration of such functions.
            (3) Reorganization.--The Secretary is authorized to 
        allocate or reallocate any transferred function among the 
        officers of the Administration, and to establish, consolidate, 
        alter, or discontinue such organizational entities in the 
        Administration as may be necessary or appropriate.
            (4) Transfer and allocations of appropriations and 
        personnel.--Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the 
        personnel employed in connection with, and the assets, 
        liabilities, contracts, property, records, and unexpended 
        balances of appropriations, authorizations, allocations, and 
        other funds employed, used, held, arising from, available to, 
        or to be made available in connection with the transferred 
        functions, subject to section 1531 of title 31, United States 
        Code, shall be transferred to the Administration. Unexpended 
        funds transferred pursuant to this section shall be used only 
        for the purposes for which the funds were originally authorized 
        and appropriated. The Director of the Office of Management and 
        Budget shall provide for such further measures and dispositions 
        as may be necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Act.
            (5) Rules.--The Secretary is authorized to prescribe, in 
        accordance with the provisions of chapters 5 and 6 of title 5, 
        United States Code, such rules and regulations as the Secretary 
        determines necessary or appropriate to administer and manage 
        the functions of the Administration to carry out section 2.
            (6) Transition.--The Secretary is authorized to utilize--
                    (A) the services of officers, employees, and other 
                personnel of a covered Federal agency with respect to 
                transferred functions; and
                    (B) funds appropriated to such functions for such 
                period of time as may reasonably be needed to 
                facilitate the orderly implementation of this Act.
    (d) Savings Provisions.--
            (1) Continuing effect of legal documents.--All orders, 
        determinations, rules, regulations, permits, agreements, 
        grants, contracts, certificates, licenses, registrations, 
        privileges, and other administrative actions--
                    (A) which have been issued, made, granted, or 
                allowed to become effective by the President, any 
                covered Federal agency or official thereof, or by a 
                court of competent jurisdiction, in the performance of 
                transferred functions; and
                    (B) which are in effect on the date of enactment of 
                this Act, or were final before that date and are to 
                become effective on or after that date,
        shall continue in effect according to their terms until 
        modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked in 
        accordance with law by the President, the Secretary or other 
        authorized official, a court of competent jurisdiction, or by 
        operation of law.
            (2) Proceedings not affected.--The provisions of this Act 
        shall not affect any proceedings, including notices of proposed 
        rulemaking, or any application for any license, permit, 
        certificate, or financial assistance pending before any covered 
        Federal agency on the date of enactment of this Act, with 
        respect to transferred functions but such proceedings and 
        applications shall be continued. Orders shall be issued in such 
        proceedings, appeals shall be taken therefrom, and payments 
        shall be made pursuant to such orders, as if this Act had not 
        been enacted, and orders issued in any such proceedings shall 
        continue in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, or 
        revoked by a duly authorized official, by a court of competent 
        jurisdiction, or by operation of law. Nothing in this paragraph 
        shall be deemed to prohibit the discontinuance or modification 
        of any such proceeding under the same terms and conditions and 
        to the same extent that such proceeding could have been 
        discontinued or modified if this Act had not been enacted.
            (3) Suits not affected.--The provisions of this Act shall 
        not affect suits commenced before the date of enactment of this 
        Act, and in all such suits, proceedings shall be had, appeals 
        taken, and judgments rendered in the same manner and with the 
        same effect as if this Act had not been enacted.
            (4) Nonabatement of actions.--No suit, action, or other 
        proceeding commenced by or against a covered Federal agency, or 
        by or against any individual in the official capacity of such 
        individual as an officer of a covered Federal agency, shall 
        abate by reason of the enactment of this Act.
            (5) Administrative actions relating to promulgation of 
        regulations.--Any administrative action relating to the 
        preparation or promulgation of a regulation by a covered 
        Federal agency relating to a transferred function may be 
        continued by the Administration with the same effect as if this 
        Act had not been enacted.
            (6) References.--Reference in any other Federal law, 
        Executive order, rule, regulation, or delegation of authority, 
        or any document of or relating to--
                    (A) the head of a covered Federal agency with 
                regard to a transferred function, shall be deemed to 
                refer to the Secretary; and
                    (B) a covered Federal agency with regard to a 
                transferred function, shall be deemed to refer to the 
                Administration.
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