[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3508 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 3508

  To require the transfer of regulatory control of certain munitions 
exports from the Department of Commerce to the Department of State, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           December 16, 2025

  Mr. Murphy (for himself, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Markey, Mr. Durbin, and Ms. 
    Warren) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To require the transfer of regulatory control of certain munitions 
exports from the Department of Commerce to the Department of State, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Titles.--This Act may be cited as the ``Americas Regional 
Monitoring of Arms Sales Act of 2025'' or the ``ARMAS Act of 2025''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short titles; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. Transfer of regulatory control of certain munitions exports 
                            from the Department of Commerce to the 
                            Department of State.
Sec. 5. Reports and strategy on disruption of illegal export and 
                            trafficking of firearms to Mexico and 
                            certain Central American and Caribbean 
                            countries.
Sec. 6. Increasing participation in the eTrace program.
Sec. 7. Modifications to the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative.
Sec. 8. Designation of covered countries.
Sec. 9. Certification requirements relating to certain munitions 
                            exports.
Sec. 10. Limitation on licenses and other authorizations for export of 
                            certain items removed from the Commerce 
                            Control List and included on the United 
                            States Munitions List.
Sec. 11. Prohibitions on promotion of covered munitions.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Violence in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean 
        is exacerbated by firearms originating in the United States.
            (2) While firearms are trafficked to Mexico from a variety 
        of countries, firearms originating in the United States account 
        for 70 percent of the firearms recovered and traced from crimes 
        in Mexico, according to the 2021 Government Accountability 
        Office (referred to in this section as ``GAO'') report 
        published by the Comptroller General of the United States and 
        titled ``Firearms Trafficking: U.S. Efforts to Disrupt Gun 
        Smuggling into Mexico Would Benefit from Additional Data and 
        Analysis''.
            (3) United States-origin firearm flows contribute to human 
        rights violations, organized crime and gang violence, 
        extrajudicial killings, high homicide rates, domestic violence, 
        and femicides in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
            (4) Firearms trafficking from the United States and firearm 
        violence are key drivers of immigration and asylum claims from 
        Central America.
            (5) According to the United Nations Regional Centre for 
        Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the 
        Caribbean--
                    (A) firearms are used in 70 percent of homicides in 
                the Caribbean compared to 30 percent globally; and
                    (B) while the Caribbean constitutes less than 1 
                percent of the global population, 23 percent of all 
                recorded homicides worldwide take place in the 
                Caribbean.
            (6) In an August 2022 press conference, Homeland Security 
        Investigations officials reported a ``marked uptick in the 
        number of weapons'' and an increase in the caliber and type of 
        weapons being illegally trafficked to Haiti and the rest of the 
        Caribbean.
            (7) The Caribbean Basin Security Initiative of the 
        Department of State, which commenced in 2009--
                    (A) is the regional foreign assistance program of 
                the United States that seeks to reduce illicit weapons 
                trafficking in the Caribbean region and advance public 
                safety and security;
                    (B) seeks to improve the capacity of Caribbean 
                countries to intercept smuggled weapons at airports and 
                seaports;
                    (C) provides support for forensic ballistics and 
                firearms destruction and stockpile management; and
                    (D) has also included support for regional 
                organizations, including--
                            (i) the Caribbean Community Implementation 
                        Agency for Crime and Security (CARICOM IMPACS), 
                        which based in Trinidad and Tobago, and is the 
                        lead agency involved in the issue of illicit 
                        firearms trafficking and increasing the 
                        capacity of member states to detect and prevent 
                        firearms trafficking; and
                            (ii) the Eastern Caribbean's Regional 
                        Security System, which is based in Barbados.
            (8) Two GAO reports on firearms trafficking, which were 
        published in 2021 and 2022, respectively, have affirmed that 
        firearms trafficking to Mexico and Central America continues to 
        represent a security concern to the United States, as United 
        States-origin firearms are diverted from legitimate owners and 
        end up in the hands of violent criminals, including drug 
        traffickers and other transnational criminal organizations.
            (9) In the reports referred to in paragraph (8), the 
        Comptroller General of the United States determined that--
                    (A) Federal departments and agencies lacked 
                information and analysis of the firearms trafficking 
                networks in Mexico and Central America;
                    (B) few efforts by the United States Government in 
                that region focused on firearms trafficking; and
                    (C) Federal departments and agencies lack a 
                detailed understanding of the firearms trafficking that 
                fuels violence and arms criminals in Belize, El 
                Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico.
            (10) Firearms that were used to kidnap and kill a group of 
        United States citizens traveling in Matamoros, Mexico were 
        illegally smuggled from the United States into Mexico. The 
        suspect in these killings admitted to Federal agents that he 
        purchased firearms in the United States, smuggled them across 
        the United States border, and knowingly provided them to 
        members of the Gulf Cartel.
            (11) As the incident described in paragraph (10) 
        demonstrates, United States-sourced firearms are being smuggled 
        and diverted to cartels implicated in the supply and flow of 
        illegal fentanyl and other dangerous drugs, which threatens the 
        public health and safety of United States citizens.
            (12) In the 2022 GAO report titled ``Firearms Trafficking: 
        More Information Needed to Inform U.S. Efforts in Central 
        America'', the Comptroller General of the United States--
                    (A) reported efforts of the United States 
                Government focused on firearms trafficking in Belize, 
                El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras lacked information 
                about relevant country conditions and performance 
                measures to ensure such efforts were designed and 
                implemented to achieve the intended objectives; and
                    (B) recommended the Secretary of State obtain 
                information about the conditions in such countries to 
                support the development of effective programs to reduce 
                the availability of illicit firearms.
            (13) As of the date of the publication of the report 
        referred to in paragraph (12), the Secretary of Commerce had 
        not assigned any agents to Central America on permanent 
        assignment.
            (14) In 2021 and 2022, the annual Country Reports on Human 
        Rights Practices of the Department of State included ``unlawful 
        and arbitrary killings'' as a significant human rights issue in 
        Guatemala. Despite such inclusion, the Under Secretary of 
        Commerce for Industry and Security has authorized approximately 
        99,270 firearms exports to Guatemala since assuming 
        responsibility for firearms licensing on March 9, 2020.
            (15) When firearms were controlled under the United States 
        Munitions List and the licensing of firearms for export was the 
        responsibility of the Secretary of State, the average number of 
        firearms licensed for export to Guatemala was approximately 
        4,000 per year.
            (16) The number of firearms recently exported to Guatemala, 
        as specified in paragraph (14), represents an extraordinary 
        increase from the average number of firearms exported to 
        Guatemala before the transfer of licensing responsibility, as 
        specified in paragraph (15). According to the 2022 GAO report 
        titled ``Firearms Trafficking: More Information Needed to 
        Inform U.S. Efforts in Central America'', the Under Secretary 
        of Commerce for Industry and Security has only been able to 
        conduct a very limited number of end-use checks.
            (17) Since the Department of Commerce gained jurisdiction 
        over the control of firearm export licensing--
                    (A) there has been a 30 percent increase in firearm 
                exports compared to averages for such exports when the 
                control of such exports was under the jurisdiction of 
                the Department of State; and
                    (B) the Secretary of Commerce has approved 
                approximately 95 percent of license applications for 
                such exports.
            (18) According to the United States Census Bureau, Mexico, 
        Guatemala, and Brazil are among the top 10 destinations for 
        United States-manufactured semiautomatic firearm exports.
            (19) The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (Public Law 117-
        159), which was enacted into law on June 25, 2022, implemented 
        key efforts to address firearm trafficking, including by--
                    (A) establishing a Federal criminal offense for 
                firearm trafficking; and
                    (B) strengthening the capability of the Bureau of 
                Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to interdict 
                firearms.
            (20) A growing number of firearms exported by United States 
        manufacturers are involved in violent crimes worldwide, such as 
        the pistol used in a mass shooting of 23 children and 2 
        teachers in Thailand in October 2022, which was linked to a 
        United States factory.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs of the Senate; and
                    (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (2) Covered munition.--The term ``covered munition'' 
        means--
                    (A) any previously covered item; and
                    (B) any item that, on or after the date of the 
                enactment of this Act, is designated for control under 
                Category I, II, or III of the United States Munitions 
                List pursuant to section 38 of the Arms Export Control 
                Act (22 U.S.C. 2778) or otherwise subject to control 
                under any such category.
            (3) Firearm.--The term ``firearm'' includes covered 
        munitions.
            (4) Gross violations of internationally recognized human 
        rights.--The term ``gross violations of internationally 
        recognized human rights'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
        U.S.C. 2304(d)(1)).
            (5) Previously covered item.--The term ``previously covered 
        item'' means any item that--
                    (A) as of March 8, 2020, was included in Category 
                I, II, or III of the United States Munitions List; and
                    (B) as of the date of the enactment of this Act, is 
                included on the Commerce Control List.
            (6) Security assistance.--The term ``security assistance'' 
        includes--
                    (A) any type of assistance described in section 
                502B(d)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
                U.S.C. 2304(d)(2)); and
                    (B) assistance furnished under an international 
                security assistance program of the United States 
                conducted under any other provision of law, including 
                the authorities granted under chapter 16 of title 10, 
                United States Code.
            (7) United states munitions list.--The term ``United States 
        Munitions List'' means the list maintained pursuant to part 121 
        of title 22, Code of Federal Regulations.

SEC. 4. TRANSFER OF REGULATORY CONTROL OF CERTAIN MUNITIONS EXPORTS 
              FROM DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE TO DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

    (a) Transfer.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall 
        transfer control over the export of each previously covered 
        item to the jurisdiction of the Department of State.
            (2) Effect of transfer.--Beginning on the date of the 
        transfer required under paragraph (1), control over the export 
        of any covered munition may not be transferred back to the 
        jurisdiction of the Department of Commerce.
    (b) Rulemaking.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
Commerce shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to 
implement this section by the date specified in subsection (a)(1).
    (c) Prohibition on Promotion of Certain Munitions Exports by 
Department of Commerce.--The Secretary of Commerce may not take any 
action to promote the export of any previously covered item, including 
actions before, on, or after the date on which the Secretary transfers 
the control over the export of the previously covered item to the 
jurisdiction of the Department State pursuant to subsection (a)(1).
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
as limiting any authority relating to the designation, control, or 
removal of items under the United States Munitions List or the Commerce 
Control List, other than the specific authority to transfer the control 
of previously covered items in accordance with subsection (a).

SEC. 5. REPORTS AND STRATEGY ON DISRUPTION OF ILLEGAL EXPORT AND 
              TRAFFICKING OF FIREARMS TO MEXICO AND CERTAIN CENTRAL 
              AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES.

    (a) Report.--
            (1) Submission.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney 
        General, the Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, 
        Firearms and Explosives, and the heads of such other Federal 
        departments or agencies as the Secretary of State determines to 
        be relevant, shall submit a report to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that describes the efforts of the 
        Secretary of State and the heads of other relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies to disrupt--
                    (A) the illegal export or diversion of firearms 
                from the United States to unauthorized recipients in 
                countries designated as covered countries pursuant to 
                section 8(a), including through unauthorized third-
                party transfers; and
                    (B) the illegal trafficking of firearms obtained in 
                the United States to recipients in such countries.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The report required under 
        paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to the efforts 
        specified in such paragraph--
                    (A) the identification of any such efforts, 
                including efforts--
                            (i) to track and verify information 
                        regarding the end-users of firearms exported 
                        from the United States, including by entering 
                        into data-sharing agreements--
                                    (I) with appropriate counterparts 
                                from the governments of such covered 
                                countries; and
                                    (II) between relevant departments 
                                and agencies of the United States 
                                Government;
                            (ii) to ensure the destruction of surplus 
                        firearms that have been exported from the 
                        United States;
                            (iii) to ensure that exported firearms are 
                        not used to commit extrajudicial killings or 
                        other gross violations of internationally 
                        recognized human rights;
                            (iv) to build the capacity in such covered 
                        countries to prevent the trafficking of 
                        illegally imported firearms, including through 
                        existing programs supported or implemented by 
                        the United States Government;
                            (v) to track and verify information 
                        regarding the end-users of firearms obtained in 
                        the United States and illegally trafficked to 
                        such covered countries;
                            (vi) to combat all forms of cross-border 
                        smuggling of firearms from the United States, 
                        including firearms smuggled on maritime vessels 
                        and aircraft;
                            (vii) to engage with subnational government 
                        officials in such covered countries to 
                        effectively implement and enforce agreements 
                        relating to the trafficking of firearms that 
                        have been concluded between the United States 
                        Government and the national government of the 
                        respective covered country;
                            (viii) to identify the origin of trafficked 
                        firearms, including through the serial numbers 
                        on such firearms, and sharing such information 
                        with relevant law enforcement agencies of--
                                    (I) the United States;
                                    (II) the respective covered 
                                country; and
                                    (III) any other country determined 
                                relevant for purposes of such 
                                information sharing;
                            (ix) to implement--
                                    (I) the ``U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial 
                                Framework for Security, Public Heath, 
                                and Safe Communities''; and
                                    (II) any successor or subsequent 
                                bilateral agreements on combating 
                                firearm trafficking, transnational 
                                organizations, or fentanyl trafficking; 
                                and
                            (x) to cooperate with other relevant 
                        Federal departments and agencies, including the 
                        Department of Justice, the Department of 
                        Homeland Security, and the Bureau of Alcohol, 
                        Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, to combat 
                        firearms trafficking and prosecute illegal 
                        firearm smugglers;
                    (B) an assessment of the results of the efforts 
                described in subparagraph (A); and
                    (C) a description of how homicides, extrajudicial 
                killings, and other gross violations of internationally 
                recognized human rights committed in such covered 
                countries using firearms exported from, or obtained in, 
                the United States have been investigated.
    (b) Interagency Strategy.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary 
        of Commerce, after taking into account the findings of the 
        report required under subsection (a), shall jointly develop an 
        interagency strategy for the disruption of the trafficking of 
        firearms exported from the United States to recipients in 
        countries designated as covered countries pursuant to section 
        8(a).
            (2) Elements.--The strategy required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    (A) a plan for the United States to accomplish each 
                of the objectives specified in subsection (a)(2)(A);
                    (B) the identification of specific performance 
                measures, targets (including the baselines for such 
                targets), and timelines with respect to such 
                objectives;
                    (C) an estimate of the resources and personnel 
                necessary to carry out the strategy;
                    (D) a plan for cooperation between the Secretary of 
                State, the Secretary of Commerce, and the heads of any 
                other Federal departments or agencies involved in anti-
                firearm trafficking efforts, including the Attorney 
                General, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the 
                Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms 
                and Explosives; and
                    (E) a plan for coordination between the Secretary 
                of State, the Secretary of Commerce, and department 
                heads referred to in subparagraph (D) regarding efforts 
                in countries designated as covered countries pursuant 
                to section 8(a) to combat the trafficking of United 
                States-sourced firearms--
                            (i) from the United States to such 
                        designated countries; and
                            (ii) from such designated countries to 
                        other countries in the region surrounding such 
                        countries.
            (3) Required considerations; consultations.--In developing 
        the strategy required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
        State shall--
                    (A) consider how such strategy may support or 
                otherwise align with broader efforts of the Secretary 
                of State relating to security assistance, anti-
                corruption, and the prevention of organized crime and 
                drug and gang violence;
                    (B) consider whether the placement in the Western 
                Hemisphere of an export control officer of the Bureau 
                of Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce, 
                or other personnel of the Department of Commerce or of 
                the Department of State, would support such strategy;
                    (C) consult with the appropriate congressional 
                committees; and
                    (D) seek to consult with appropriate counterparts 
                from the government of each country designated as a 
                covered country pursuant to section 8(a).
            (4) Submission to congress.--Not later than 1 year after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
        shall submit the strategy required under paragraph (1) to the 
        appropriate congressional committees.
    (c) Improved Tracking of Trafficked Firearms.--
            (1) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term ``forensic 
        information'', with respect to a trafficked firearm, includes--
                    (A) the serial number of the firearm; and
                    (B) any other information that may be used to 
                identify the origin of the firearm or any person or 
                organization involved in the trafficking of the 
                firearm.
            (2) Assessment of data availability.--Not later than 180 
        days after the date on which a country is designated (or deemed 
        to be designated) as a covered country pursuant to section 
        8(a), the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney General, the Director of 
        the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, and 
        the heads of such other Federal departments or agencies as the 
        Secretary of State determines to be relevant, shall--
                    (A) conduct an assessment of the extent to which 
                the law enforcement agencies of such covered country 
                make available to the United States Government forensic 
                information of trafficked firearms; and
                    (B) submit a report to the Committee on Foreign 
                Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
                Affairs of the House of Representatives that contains a 
                summary of the findings of the assessment conducted 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A).
            (3) Addressing gaps in data.--During the period a country 
        is designated as a covered country pursuant to section 8(a), 
        the Secretary of State shall--
                    (A) seek to engage with the foreign counterparts of 
                the government of such covered country to improve the 
                collection and sharing of the forensic information of 
                trafficked firearms confiscated by the law enforcement 
                agencies of such covered country; and
                    (B) promptly provide any such forensic information 
                shared pursuant to subparagraph (A) to the relevant 
                Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies for 
                use in criminal or civil investigations into violations 
                of relevant Federal laws, including the Arms Export 
                Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.).
    (d) Annual Report.--
            (1) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term ``the 
        Secretary or the Secretaries concerned'' means--
                    (A) if a single Federal department or agency has 
                jurisdiction over the export control of covered 
                munitions, the head of such Federal department or 
                agency; or
                    (B) if multiple Federal departments or agencies 
                have jurisdiction over the export control of covered 
                munitions, the head of each such Federal department or 
                agency.
            (2) Submission.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary or the Secretaries concerned, in consultation with 
        the heads of such other Federal departments or agencies as the 
        Secretary or the Secretaries concerned determine to be 
        relevant, shall submit a report to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that describes the export of covered 
        munitions to countries designated as covered countries under 
        section 8(a).
            (3) Matters to be included.--Each report submitted pursuant 
        to paragraph (2) shall include, with respect to the year for 
        which the report is submitted, and disaggregated by country--
                    (A) information regarding license applications 
                approved or denied, and previously issued licenses 
                modified or revoked, for the export of covered 
                munitions to proposed recipients in countries that have 
                been designated as covered countries pursuant to 
                section 8(a);
                    (B) information regarding how evolving country 
                contexts, including with respect to developments in 
                human rights, affected the approval of license 
                applications for such exports;
                    (C) the number of licenses issued for the export of 
                covered munitions to proposed recipients in countries 
                designated as covered countries pursuant to section 
                8(a);
                    (D) the number of covered munitions exported to 
                recipients in countries designated as covered countries 
                pursuant to section 8(a);
                    (E) with respect to end-user checks for covered 
                munitions exported to recipients in covered countries 
                conducted pursuant to section 38(g)(7) of the Arms 
                Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778(g)(7)) (commonly 
                referred to as the ``Blue Lantern'' program), the 
                monitoring program established under the second section 
                40A of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2785), as 
                added by section 150(a) of Public Law 104-164, or any 
                other applicable program of the Department of Commerce 
                or the Department of State--
                            (i) the number of such end-user checks 
                        requested;
                            (ii) the number of such end-user checks 
                        conducted;
                            (iii) the type of such end-user checks 
                        conducted; and
                            (iv) the results of such end-user checks;
                    (F) information on the extent to which the heads of 
                the governments of countries designated as covered 
                countries pursuant to section 8(a) shared with the 
                Secretary or the Secretaries concerned and the heads of 
                other relevant Federal departments and agencies, such 
                as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and 
                Explosives, data relating to the receipt and end-use of 
                covered munitions exported from the United States, and 
                the type of data so shared; and
                    (G) for each country designated as a covered 
                country pursuant to section 8(a), a description of the 
                United States funding and resources allocated for the 
                purpose of disrupting trafficking of covered munitions.

SEC. 6. INCREASING PARTICIPATION IN THE ETRACE PROGRAM.

    (a) Defined Term.--In this section, the term ``eTrace program'' 
means the web-based firearms tracing system of the Bureau of Alcohol, 
Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives that is available to accredited 
domestic and international law enforcement agencies to assist in the 
tracing of United States-sourced firearms.
    (b) In General.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, 
shall seek to work with national and subnational law enforcement 
authorities of countries designated as covered countries pursuant to 
section 8(a) to increase participation by such authorities in the 
eTrace program.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees that--
            (1) describes the implementation of subsection (b); and
            (2) identifies the number of firearms traced to a purchase 
        or export that resulted in a Federal investigation and 
        prosecution.
    (d) Haiti.--The Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, 
Firearms and Explosives shall ensure the eTrace program is available in 
the French and Haitian Creole languages to enhance the use of the 
program by law enforcement authorities in Haiti.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriation.--Amounts authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out chapter 8 of part I of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2291 et seq.; relating to international 
narcotics control assistance) are authorized to be made available to 
carry out this section.

SEC. 7. MODIFICATIONS TO THE CARIBBEAN BASIN SECURITY INITIATIVE.

    The Secretary of State shall develop an updated Results Framework 
for the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative that establishes specific 
indicators relating to the trafficking of firearms.

SEC. 8. DESIGNATION OF COVERED COUNTRIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall designate each 
country the Secretary determines meets the requirements described in 
subsection (b) as a covered country for purposes of this Act.
    (b) Requirements.--A country meets the requirements described in 
this subsection if the country--
            (1) is located in North America, South America, or the 
        Caribbean;
            (2) is not a member state of the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization; and
            (3) meets such other requirements as the Secretary may 
        determine appropriate.
    (c) Initial Designations.--The Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, 
El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Haiti, Jamaica, and Trinidad 
and Tobago--
            (1) shall be deemed to have been designated as covered 
        countries by the Secretary of State as of the date of the 
        enactment of this Act; and
            (2) shall continue to be designated as covered countries 
        during the 5-year period beginning on such date of enactment.
    (d) Termination of Designation.--The Secretary of State may 
terminate the designation of any country as a covered country if, not 
later than 180 days before such termination, the Secretary submits a 
notification of such termination to the appropriate congressional 
committees.

SEC. 9. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO CERTAIN MUNITIONS 
              EXPORTS.

    (a) Initial Certification; Prohibition.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        covered munition may not be transferred to the government of a 
        country designated as a covered country pursuant to section 
        8(a), or to any organization, citizen, or resident of such 
        covered country, until the Secretary of State submits a written 
        certification to the appropriate congressional committees 
        stating the program required under subsection (c) has been 
        established.
            (2) Waiver.--During the 1-year period beginning on the 
        effective date set forth in subsection (d), the Secretary of 
        State may waive the certification requirement under paragraph 
        (1) with respect to the transfer of a covered munition to the 
        government of a covered country if the Secretary--
                    (A) certifies to the appropriate congressional 
                committees that such waiver is in the national security 
                interest of the United States; and
                    (B) includes a written justification for such 
                waiver with such certification.
    (b) Review and Recertification.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 3 years after the date on 
        which the Secretary of State submits the certification 
        described in subsection (a)(1) with respect to a covered 
        country, and annually thereafter until the designation of such 
        country as a covered country is terminated pursuant to section 
        8(d), the Secretary shall review and submit to the appropriate 
        congressional committees a recertification of the establishment 
        of the program required under subsection (c).
            (2) Prohibition.--If the Secretary of State is unable to 
        recertify a covered country in accordance with paragraph (1), 
        no covered munition may be transferred to the government of the 
        covered country, or to any organization, citizen, or resident 
        of such covered country, until the date on which the Secretary 
        submits such recertification.
    (c) Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of State shall establish 
        and carry out a program under which the Secretary--
                    (A) prohibits the retransfer of covered munitions 
                that were transferred to countries designated as 
                covered countries under section 8(a) without the 
                consent of the United States; and
                    (B) provides for the registration and end-use 
                monitoring of such covered munitions in accordance with 
                the requirements described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) Detailed record.--The Secretary shall maintain 
                a detailed record of the origin, shipping, and 
                distribution of covered munitions transferred to 
                countries designated as covered countries pursuant to 
                section 8(a).
                    (B) Registration.--The Secretary shall register the 
                serial numbers of all covered munitions, which shall be 
                provided to the governments of covered countries and to 
                organizations, citizens, and residents within such 
                covered countries.
                    (C) End-use monitoring.--The Secretary shall carry 
                out a program for the end-use monitoring of covered 
                munitions transferred to the entities and individuals 
                described in subparagraph (B).
            (3) Review of database.--In prohibiting the retransfer of 
        covered munitions without the consent of the United States 
        pursuant to the program required under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 
        Commerce, shall--
                    (A) review the database of the Department of State 
                that maintains records relating to vetting conducted 
                pursuant to section 620M of the Foreign Assistance Act 
                of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2378d) or section 362 of title 10, 
                United States Code, which is known as the 
                ``International Vetting and Security Tracking-cloud 
                system'' or the ``INVEST system'' (or any successor 
                database), for any such records relating to the 
                prospective recipients of such a retransfer; and
                    (B) ensure that the United States does not consent 
                to such retransfer to any such prospective recipient 
                that the Secretary of State determines, after taking 
                into account the findings of the review required under 
                subparagraph (A), is credibly implicated in a gross 
                violation of internationally recognized human rights.
            (4) Data storage and sharing.--In carrying out the program 
        established pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary of State 
        shall--
                    (A) ensure that any data received pursuant to such 
                program is stored and maintained in a database of the 
                Department of State; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, provide for the 
                sharing of such data with the Secretary of Commerce and 
                the heads of other Federal departments or agencies that 
                the Secretary of State determines to be relevant.
    (d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on the date 
that is 1 year after the date on which the Secretary of Commerce 
completes the transfer of the control over the export of previously 
covered items to the jurisdiction of the Department of State pursuant 
to section 4(a)(1).

SEC. 10. LIMITATION ON LICENSES AND OTHER AUTHORIZATIONS FOR EXPORT OF 
              CERTAIN ITEMS REMOVED FROM THE COMMERCE CONTROL LIST AND 
              INCLUDED ON THE UNITED STATES MUNITIONS LIST.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State may not grant an export 
license or other authorization for the export of a previously covered 
item unless, before granting such license or other authorization, the 
Secretary submits a written certification to the appropriate 
congressional committees with respect to such proposed export license 
or other authorization that includes--
            (1) the name of the person applying for the license or 
        other authorization;
            (2) the name of the person who is the proposed recipient of 
        the previously covered item;
            (3) the name of the country or international organization 
        to which the previously covered item will be made;
            (4) a description of the items proposed to be exported; and
            (5) the value of the items proposed to be exported.
    (b) Form.--Each certification required under subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, except that information regarding 
the dollar value and number of items proposed to be exported may be 
restricted from public disclosure if such disclosure would be 
detrimental to the security of the United States.
    (c) Deadlines.--Each certification required under subsection (a) 
shall be submitted--
            (1) not later than 15 days before a proposed export license 
        or other authorization is granted in the case of a transfer of 
        items to a country that is a member of the North Atlantic 
        Treaty Organization, Australia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, 
        Israel, or New Zealand; and
            (2) not later than 30 days before a proposed export license 
        or other authorization is granted in the case of a transfer of 
        items to any country not referred to in paragraph (1).
    (d) Congressional Resolution of Disapproval.--
            (1) Certain allied countries.--A proposed export license or 
        other authorization described in subsection (c)(1) shall become 
        effective after the end of the 15-day period specified in such 
        subsection if Congress does not enact, within such period, a 
        joint resolution prohibiting the export of the covered item for 
        which the export license or other authorization was proposed.
            (2) Other countries.--A proposed export license or other 
        authorization described in subsection (c)(2) shall become 
        effective after the end of the 30-day period specified in such 
        subsection if Congress does not enact, within such period, a 
        joint resolution prohibiting the export of the covered item for 
        which the export license or other authorization was proposed.

SEC. 11. PROHIBITION ON PROMOTION OF COVERED MUNITIONS.

    The Secretary of Commerce is prohibited from--
            (1) promoting the sale or export of covered munitions; or
            (2) seeking the reduction or removal by any foreign country 
        of restrictions on the marketing of covered munitions.
                                 <all>