[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3507 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 3507

    To prevent any alien who is not lawfully admitted for permanent 
residence from obtaining in-State tuition rates at public institutions 
              of higher education, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           December 16, 2025

  Mr. Cotton introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
  referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To prevent any alien who is not lawfully admitted for permanent 
residence from obtaining in-State tuition rates at public institutions 
              of higher education, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Put American Students First Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Section 505 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and 
        Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1623) already 
        prohibits States from granting in-State rates for tuition and 
        fees to aliens who are not lawfully present in the United 
        States on the basis of residence within the State, unless the 
        same rates are offered to all citizens of the United States 
        regardless of residence.
            (2) Despite this prohibition, as of 2025, 22 States and the 
        District of Columbia continue to provide in-State rates for 
        tuition and fees to such aliens through policies that 
        circumvent Federal law, subsidizing their postsecondary 
        education at a cost to taxpayers of the United States estimated 
        at more than $1,000,000,000 annually.
            (3) Providing such subsidies creates a perverse incentive 
        for illegal immigration, rewarding unlawful presence with 
        benefits unavailable to citizens and legal residents of the 
        United States who do not live within such State, and undermines 
        the rule of law.
            (4) Students of the United States in higher education, 
        including students from modest-income families in neighboring 
        States, are effectively penalized by States that provide such 
        subsidies because the students pay higher out-of-State rates 
        for tuition and fees while aliens not lawfully admitted for 
        permanent residence receive taxpayer-subsidized discounts.
            (5) Enforcing this Federal prohibition nationwide is 
        essential to restoring fairness, deterring illegal immigration, 
        and prioritizing postsecondary education benefits for citizens 
        and lawful permanent residents of the United States.

SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON IN-STATE TUITION RATES FOR ALIENS NOT LAWFULLY 
              ADMITTED FOR PERMANENT RESIDENCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 505 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and 
Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1623) is amended to read 
as follows:

``SEC. 505. INELIGIBILITY FOR IN-STATE TUITION AND FEES FOR ALIENS NOT 
              LAWFULLY ADMITTED FOR PERMANENT RESIDENCE.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) In-state tuition rate.--The term `in-State tuition 
        rate' means the rate of tuition and fees for attendance at a 
        public institution of higher education of a State or political 
        subdivision of a State that is charged for a resident of the 
        State.
            ``(2) Lawfully admitted for permanent residence.--The term 
        `lawfully admitted for permanent residence' has the meaning 
        given such term in section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20)).
            ``(3) Out-of-state tuition rate.--The term `out-of-State 
        tuition rate' mans the rate of tuition and fees for attendance 
        at a public institution of higher education of a State or 
        political subdivision of a State that is charged for a non-
        resident of the State.
            ``(4) Postsecondary education benefit.--The term 
        `postsecondary education benefit' means any tuition reduction, 
        fee waiver, scholarship, grant, or other financial assistance 
        provided by a State or political subdivision of a State for 
        attendance at a public institution of higher education, 
        including an in-State resident tuition rate.
            ``(5) State.--The term `State' means the several States of 
        the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, 
        the Virgin Islands of the United States, and the Commonwealth 
        of the Northern Mariana Islands.
    ``(b) Ineligibility.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law--
            ``(1) an alien who is not lawfully admitted for permanent 
        residence shall not be eligible for any postsecondary education 
        benefit, including an in-State tuition rate, offered by a State 
        or political subdivision of a State; and
            ``(2) a State shall ensure that each public institution of 
        higher education of the State or a political subdivision of a 
        State charges an alien who is not lawfully admitted for 
        permanent residence the out-of-State tuition rate.
    ``(c) Verification of Immigration Status.--
            ``(1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of 
        the Put American Students First Act, each public institution of 
        higher education shall verify the immigration status of each 
        student enrolled in the institution through the Systematic 
        Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) program operated by 
        the Department of Homeland Security, or a successor program, 
        prior to granting any postsecondary education benefit to the 
        student.
            ``(2) Frequency.--The verification required under paragraph 
        (1) shall be conducted annually for each enrolled student 
        receiving a postsecondary education benefit.
            ``(3) Reimbursement.--Any public institution of higher 
        education that has provided an in-State tuition rate or fee to 
        an alien in violation of this section--
                    ``(A) shall seek reimbursement from such alien for 
                the difference between the in-State tuition rate and 
                the out-of-State tuition rate for each term of 
                enrollment, plus interest at the rate applicable to a 
                Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under section 
                455(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1085(b)) for such term of enrollment; and
                    ``(B) if reimbursement as described in subparagraph 
                (A) is not made within 90 days of the request, shall 
                not allow the alien to enroll for any future terms in 
                the institution until the reimbursement is completed.
    ``(d) Applicability.--This section applies to--
            ``(1) any alien who enrolls in a public institution of 
        higher education on or after the date of enactment of the Put 
        American Students First Act; and
            ``(2) any alien--
                    ``(A) who is a student enrolled in the public 
                institution of higher education who enrolled before 
                such date of enactment; and
                    ``(B) whom the institution, after completing the 
                verification required under subsection (c) for an 
                academic year after such date of enactment, determines 
                is not lawfully admitted for permanent residence.''.
    (b) Additional Enforcement Requirements.--
            (1) Violations by states.--Section 400 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070) is amended by adding at 
        the end the following:
    ``(c) Disqualification of States That Provide In-State Tuition to 
Illegal Aliens.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, a 
State that the Secretary has determined has violated the requirements 
of section 505 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant 
Responsibility Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1623) for a fiscal year shall be 
ineligible for any grant under chapter 2 of subpart 2, subpart 4, or 
subpart 6 for the fiscal year immediately following such 
determination.''.
            (2) Institutional requirement for participation in the 
        federal student loan program.--Section 487(a) of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)) is amended by adding 
        at the end the following:
            ``(30) In the case of a public institution, the institution 
        will comply with the requirements of section 505 of the Illegal 
        Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--Except as otherwise specified, the amendments 
made by this section shall take effect on the date of enactment of this 
Act and shall apply to academic years beginning on or after July 1, 
2026.

SEC. 4. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act or the amendments made by this Act, or 
the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is 
held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the 
amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provisions of 
such to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected thereby.
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