[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3360 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
Calendar No. 328
119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 3360
To require a report on internet freedom in Iran.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
December 4, 2025
Ms. Rosen (for herself, Mr. McCormick, Mr. Gallego, and Mr. Cornyn)
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the
Committee on Foreign Relations
February 10, 2026
Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
in italic]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require a report on internet freedom in Iran.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Feasibility Review of
Emerging Equipment for Digital Open Media Act'' or the ``FREEDOM
Act''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 2. REPORT ON INTERNET FREEDOM IN IRAN.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
the enactment of the Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with
the Federal Communications Commission and the Department of the
Treasury, shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the
House of Representatives a report that updates and supplements the
report required under section 5124 of the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (22 U.S.C. 8754a).</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Additional Matters To Be Included.--Updates to the
strategy required in section 5124 of the National Defense Authorization
Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (22 U.S.C. 8754a), shall also include the
following:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) An assessment of the feasibility of using
direct-to-cell wireless communications technologies to expand
internet access for the people of Iran, including technical,
regulatory, and security considerations.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) An analysis of how drone-based platforms,
signal jamming technologies, and related countermeasures could
impact the feasibility, security, economics, and resilience of
such direct-to-cell wireless communications.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) A survey of terrestrial and non-terrestrial
telecommunications service providers currently active in Iran,
including--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) whether such providers are state-owned
or state-controlled;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the extent of foreign participation or
investment in such providers; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) the implications of such ownership and
control for communications freedom and
censorship.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) Any other relevant information to assess the
opportunities and risks associated with terrestrial and non-
terrestrial communications technologies in Iran.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified
annex.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Feasibility Review of Emerging
Equipment for Digital Open Media Act'' or the ``FREEDOM Act''.
SEC. 2. REPORT ON INTERNET FREEDOM IN IRAN.
(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the
enactment of the Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the
Federal Communications Commission and the Department of the Treasury,
shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives a report that updates and supplements the report
required under section 5124 of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Year 2025 (22 U.S.C. 8754a).
(b) Additional Matters To Be Included.--Updates to the strategy
required in section 5124 of the National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 2025 (22 U.S.C. 8754a), shall also include the following:
(1) An assessment of the feasibility of using direct-to-
cell wireless communications technologies to expand internet
access for the people of Iran, including technical, regulatory,
and security considerations.
(2) An analysis of how drone-based platforms, signal
jamming technologies, and related countermeasures could impact
the feasibility, security, economics, and resilience of such
direct-to-cell wireless communications.
(3) A survey of terrestrial and non-terrestrial
telecommunications service providers currently active in Iran,
including--
(A) whether such providers are state-owned or
state-controlled;
(B) the extent of foreign participation or
investment in such providers; and
(C) the implications of such ownership and control
for communications freedom and censorship.
(4) Any other relevant information to assess the
opportunities and risks associated with terrestrial and non-
terrestrial communications technologies in Iran.
(5) An analysis of the effectiveness of low-Earth-orbit
(LEO) satellite internet constellation systems in providing
accessible internet to Iranians during the January 2026 Iranian
protests, the needs of Iranian civil society in being able to
ensure reliable access to such systems when the Government of
Iran cuts access to the internet, existing capabilities of LEO
satellite internet constellation systems in circumventing
jamming, the per user cost of providing LEO satellite internet
constellation systems, and recommendations for technology
improvements to LEO satellite internet constellation systems to
be able to resist jamming technologies to ensure the Iranian
people's access to the global internet. This analysis should
also include an assessment of physical and digital security
vulnerabilities for LEO satellite internet users in Iran and
recommendations for how to mitigate those concerns. The
analysis and assessment shall have a classified annex.
(6) An assessment of the feasibility of including readily
available commercial ``off-the-shelf'' technologies to be
eligible for the grant program outlined in section 5124 of the
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (22
U.S.C. 8754a) that--
(A) could facilitate unrestricted access to the
global internet in Iran;
(B) could be integrated into already available
commercial technologies that civil society and the
people of Iran have access to;
(C) could reasonably shield the personal data of
users from the Government of Iran; and
(D) has some degree of resilience against
countermeasures that the Government of Iran could
employ when cutting off the global internet.
(c) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted
in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
Calendar No. 328
119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 3360
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require a report on internet freedom in Iran.
_______________________________________________________________________
February 10, 2026
Reported with an amendment