[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3062 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 406
119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3062

     To require artificial intelligence chatbots to implement age 
   verification measures and make certain disclosures, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            October 28, 2025

 Mr. Hawley (for himself, Mr. Blumenthal, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Warner, Mr. 
Murphy, Mr. Kelly, Mr. Gallego, Mr. Lee, Mr. Lankford, Mr. Cotton, Mr. 
 Welch, Ms. Hassan, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mr. Kaine, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mr. 
 Ricketts, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. Durbin, and Mr. Coons) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
                       Committee on the Judiciary

                              May 11, 2026

              Reported by Mr. Grassley, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
     To require artificial intelligence chatbots to implement age 
   verification measures and make certain disclosures, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Guidelines for User Age-
verification and Responsible Dialogue Act of 2025'' or the ``GUARD 
Act''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Artificial intelligence chatbots are 
        increasingly being deployed on social media platforms and in 
        consumer applications used by minors.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) These chatbots can generate and disseminate 
        harmful or sexually explicit content to children.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) These chatbots can manipulate emotions and 
        influence behavior in ways that exploit the developmental 
        vulnerabilities of minors.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) The widespread availability of such chatbots 
        exposes children to physical and psychological safety risks, 
        including grooming, addiction, self-harm, and harm to 
        others.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Protecting children from artificial 
        intelligence chatbots that simulate human interaction without 
        accountability is a compelling governmental interest.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) AI companion.--The term ``AI companion'' means 
        an artificial intelligence chatbot that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) provides adaptive, human-like 
                responses to user inputs; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) is designed to encourage or facilitate 
                the simulation of interpersonal or emotional 
                interaction, friendship, companionship, or therapeutic 
                communication.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Artificial intelligence chatbot.--The term 
        ``artificial intelligence chatbot''--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) means any interactive computer service 
                or software application that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) produces new expressive 
                        content or responses not fully predetermined by 
                        the developer or operator of the service or 
                        application; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) accepts open-ended natural-
                        language or multimodal user input and produces 
                        adaptive or context-responsive output; 
                        and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) does not include an interactive 
                computer service or software application--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the responses of which are 
                        limited to contextualized replies; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) that is unable to respond on 
                        a range of topics outside of a narrow specified 
                        purpose.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' 
        means any person who owns, operates, or otherwise makes 
        available an artificial intelligence chatbot to individuals in 
        the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Minor.--The term ``minor'' means any 
        individual who has not attained 18 years of age.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Reasonable age verification measure.--The term 
        ``reasonable age verification measure'' means a method that is 
        authenticated to relate to a user of an artificial intelligence 
        chatbot, such as--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a government-issued identification; 
                or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) any other commercially reasonable 
                method that can reliably and accurately--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) determine whether a user is an 
                        adult; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) prevent access by minors to 
                        AI companions, as required by section 
                        6.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Reasonable age verification process.--The term 
        ``reasonable age verification process'' means an age 
        verification process employed by a covered entity that--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) uses one or more reasonable age 
                verification measures in order to verify the age of a 
                user of an artificial intelligence chatbot owned, 
                operated, or otherwise made available by the covered 
                entity;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) provides that requiring a user to 
                confirm that the user is not a minor, or to insert the 
                user's birth date, is not sufficient to constitute a 
                reasonable age verification measure;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) ensures that each user is subjected to 
                each reasonable age verification measure used by the 
                covered entity as part of the age verification process; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) does not base verification of a user's 
                age on factors such as whether the user shares an 
                Internet Protocol address, hardware identifier, or 
                other technical indicator with another user determined 
                to not be a minor.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. CRIMINAL PROHIBITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Part I of title 18, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting after chapter 5 the following:</DELETED>

        <DELETED>``CHAPTER 6--ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE</DELETED>

<DELETED>``Sec.
<DELETED>``91. Artificial intelligence chatbots.
<DELETED>``Sec. 91. Artificial intelligence chatbots</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Artificial intelligence chatbot.--The term 
        `artificial intelligence chatbot'--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) means any interactive computer 
                service or software application that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) produces new expressive 
                        content or responses not fully predetermined by 
                        the developer or operator of the service or 
                        application; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) accepts open-ended natural-
                        language or multimodal user input and produces 
                        adaptive or context-responsive output; 
                        and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) does not include an interactive 
                computer service or software application--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the responses of which are 
                        limited to contextualized replies; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) that is unable to respond 
                        on a range of topics outside of a narrow 
                        specified purpose.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Minor.--The term `minor' means any 
        individual who has not attained 18 years of age.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Sexually explicit conduct.--The term 
        `sexually explicit conduct' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 2256.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Solicitation of Minors.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Offense.--It shall be unlawful to design, 
        develop, or make available an artificial intelligence chatbot, 
        knowing or with reckless disregard for the fact that the 
        artificial intelligence chatbot poses a risk of soliciting, 
        encouraging, or inducing minors to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) engage in, describe, or simulate 
                sexually explicit conduct; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) create or transmit any visual 
                depiction of sexually explicit conduct, including any 
                visual depiction described in section 
                1466A(a).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph 
        (1) shall be fined not more than $100,000 per 
        offense.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Promotion of Physical Violence.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Offense.--It shall be unlawful to design, 
        develop, or make available an artificial intelligence chatbot, 
        knowing or with reckless disregard for the fact that the 
        artificial intelligence chatbot encourages, promotes, or 
        coerces suicide, non-suicidal self-injury, or imminent physical 
        or sexual violence.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph 
        (1) shall be fined not more than $100,000 per 
        offense.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of 
chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to chapter 5 the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``6. Artificial intelligence.......................      91''.

<DELETED>SEC. 5. COVERED ENTITY OBLIGATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Creation of User Accounts.--A covered entity shall 
require each individual accessing an artificial intelligence chatbot to 
make a user account in order to use or otherwise interact with such 
chatbot.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Age Verification.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Age verification of existing accounts.--With 
        respect to each user account of an artificial intelligence 
        chatbot that exists as of the effective date of this Act, a 
        covered entity shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) on such date, freeze any such 
                account;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in order to restore the functionality 
                of such account, require that the user provide age data 
                that is verifiable using a reasonable age verification 
                process, subject to paragraph (4); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) using such age data, classify each 
                user as a minor or an adult.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Age verification of new accounts.--At the time 
        an individual creates a new user account to use or interact 
        with an artificial intelligence chatbot, a covered entity 
        shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) request age data from the 
                individual;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) verify the individual's age using a 
                reasonable age verification process, subject to 
                paragraph (4); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) using such age data, classify each 
                user as a minor or an adult.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Periodic age verification.--A covered entity 
        shall periodically review previously verified user accounts 
        using a reasonable age verification process, subject to 
        paragraph (4), to ensure compliance with this Act.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Use of third parties.--For purposes of 
        paragraphs (1)(B), (2)(B), and (3), a covered entity may 
        contract with a third party to employ reasonable age 
        verification measures as part of the covered entity's 
        reasonable age verification process, but the use of such a 
        third party shall not relieve the covered entity of its 
        obligations under this Act or from liability under this 
        Act.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Age verification measure data security.--A 
        covered entity--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) shall establish, implement, and 
                maintain reasonable data security to--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) limit collection of personal 
                        data to that which is minimally necessary to 
                        verify a user's age or maintain compliance with 
                        this Act; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) protect such age verification 
                        data against unauthorized access;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) shall protect such age verification 
                data against unauthorized access;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) shall protect the integrity and 
                confidentiality of such data by only transmitting such 
                data using industry-standard encryption 
                protocols;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) shall retain such data for no longer 
                than is reasonably necessary to verify a user's age or 
                maintain compliance with this Act; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) may not share with, transfer to, or 
                sell to, any other entity such data.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Required Disclosures for Artificial Intelligence 
Chatbots.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Disclosure of non-human status.--Each 
        artificial intelligence chatbot made available to users shall--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) at the initiation of each conversation 
                with a user and at 30-minute intervals, clearly and 
                conspicuously disclose to the user that the chatbot is 
                an artificial intelligence system and not a human 
                being; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) be programmed to ensure that the 
                chatbot does not claim to be a human being or otherwise 
                respond deceptively when asked by a user if the chatbot 
                is a human being.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Disclosure regarding non-professional 
        status.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--An artificial 
                intelligence chatbot may not represent, directly or 
                indirectly, that the chatbot is a licensed 
                professional, including a therapist, physician, lawyer, 
                financial advisor, or other professional.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Other limitations.--Each artificial 
                intelligence chatbot made available to users shall, at 
                the initiation of each conversation with a user and at 
                reasonably regular intervals, clearly and conspicuously 
                disclose to the user that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the chatbot does not provide 
                        medical, legal, financial, or psychological 
                        services; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) users of the chatbot should 
                        consult a licensed professional for such 
                        advice.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON MINOR USE OF AI COMPANIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    If the age verification process described in section 5(b) 
determines that an individual is a minor, a covered entity shall 
prohibit the minor from accessing or using any AI companion owned, 
operated, or otherwise made available by the covered entity.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 7. ENFORCEMENT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--In the case of a violation of section 5 
or 6, or a regulation promulgated thereunder, the Attorney General may 
bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United 
States to--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) enjoin the violation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) enforce compliance with section 5 or 6, or the 
        regulation promulgated thereunder; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) obtain civil penalties under subsection (c) of 
        this section, restitution, and other appropriate 
        relief.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Attorney General Powers.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Investigatory powers.--For the purpose of 
        conducting investigations or bringing enforcement actions under 
        this section, the Attorney General may issue subpoenas, 
        administer oaths, and compel the production of documents or 
        testimony.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Rulemaking.--The Attorney General may 
        promulgate any regulations necessary to carry out this 
        Act.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Civil Penalties.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Any person who violates section 5 
        or 6, or a regulation promulgated thereunder, shall be subject 
        to a civil penalty not to exceed $100,000 for each 
        violation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Separate violations.--Each violation described 
        in paragraph (1) shall be considered a separate 
        violation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) State Enforcement.--In any case in which the attorney 
general of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the 
residents of that State has been or is threatened or adversely affected 
by the engagement of any covered entity in a violation of this Act or a 
regulation promulgated thereunder, the State, as parens patriae, may 
bring a civil action on behalf of the residents of the State in a 
district court of the United States or a State court of appropriate 
jurisdiction to obtain injunctive relief.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Relationship to State Laws.--Nothing in this Act or an 
amendment made by this Act, or any regulation promulgated thereunder, 
shall be construed to prohibit or otherwise affect the enforcement of 
any State law or regulation that is at least as protective of users of 
artificial intelligence chatbots as this Act and the amendments made by 
this Act, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 8. EFFECTIVE DATE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take 
effect on the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Guidelines for User Age-verification 
and Responsible Dialogue Act of 2026'' or the ``GUARD Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Artificial intelligence companions are increasingly 
        being deployed on social media platforms and in consumer 
        applications used by minors.
            (2) These companions can generate and disseminate harmful 
        or sexually explicit content to children.
            (3) These companions can manipulate emotions and influence 
        behavior in ways that exploit the developmental vulnerabilities 
        of minors.
            (4) The widespread availability of such companions exposes 
        children to physical and psychological safety risks, including 
        grooming, addiction, self-harm, and harm to others.
            (5) Protecting children from artificial intelligence 
        companions that simulate human interaction without 
        accountability is a compelling governmental interest.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) AI companion.--The term ``AI companion'' means an 
        artificial intelligence chatbot that, in a manner that 
        simulates a sustained interpersonal relationship or emotional 
        interaction with the user--
                    (A) exhibits persistent responses suggesting 
                affection or attachment directed toward the user or 
                engages in interactions involving emotional disclosures 
                from the user; or
                    (B) presents at least one persistent identity, 
                persona, or character and holds itself out as a 
                sentient being, fictional character, or social entity.
            (2) Artificial intelligence chatbot.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence chatbot''--
                    (A) means any interactive computer service or 
                software application that--
                            (i) generates responses that are not fully 
                        predetermined; and
                            (ii) accepts open-ended, natural-language 
                        or multimodal user input and produces adaptive 
                        or context-responsive output; and
                    (B) does not include an interactive computer 
                service or software application--
                            (i) the responses of which are limited to 
                        contextualized replies; and
                            (ii) that is unable to respond on a range 
                        of topics outside of a narrow specified 
                        purpose.
            (3) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means any 
        person who makes publicly available to end consumers an 
        artificial intelligence chatbot.
            (4) Minor.--The term ``minor'' means any individual who has 
        not attained 18 years of age.
            (5) Reasonable age verification measure.--The term 
        ``reasonable age verification measure'' means a method that, 
        whether alone or in conjunction with other age verification 
        measures, can, with reasonable certainty, determine whether the 
        user of an interactive computer service or software application 
        is an adult, such as--
                    (A) a verified form of identification;
                    (B) age information associated with the user's 
                account at a financial institution, such as a credit 
                card, that is derived from a verified form of 
                identification submitted to the financial institution;
                    (C) age information associated with the user's 
                account for the operating system of a computer, mobile 
                device, or other general purpose computing device that 
                is derived from a verified form of identification 
                submitted to the operating system provider;
                    (D) age information associated with the user's 
                account for a software application store that is 
                derived from a verified form of identification 
                submitted to the store or operating system provider; or
                    (E) any other commercially reasonable method that 
                can determine whether a user is an adult.
            (6) Reasonable age verification process.--The term 
        ``reasonable age verification process'' means an age 
        verification process employed by a covered entity that--
                    (A) uses 1 or more reasonable age verification 
                measures in order to, with reasonable certainty, 
                determine whether the user of an interactive computer 
                service or software application is an adult;
                    (B) does not solely require a user to confirm that 
                the user is not a minor or to insert the user's birth 
                date; and
                    (C) does not base the verification of a user's 
                adult status on factors such as whether the user shares 
                an Internet Protocol address, hardware identifier, or 
                other technical indicator with another user determined 
                to not be a minor.
            (7) Verified form of identification.--The term ``verified 
        form of identification'' means--
                    (A) a government-issued identification that can 
                determine the adult status of the person identified; or
                    (B) another form of identification corroborated by 
                authentic documentation that can, with reasonable 
                certainty, determine the adult status of the person 
                identified.

SEC. 4. CRIMINAL PROHIBITIONS.

    (a) In General.--Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting after chapter 5 the following:

                  ``CHAPTER 6--ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

``Sec.
``91. Artificial intelligence chatbots.
``Sec. 91. Artificial intelligence chatbots
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Artificial intelligence chatbot.--The term 
        `artificial intelligence chatbot'--
                    ``(A) means any interactive computer service or 
                software application that--
                            ``(i) generates responses that are not 
                        fully predetermined; and
                            ``(ii) accepts open-ended, natural-language 
                        or multimodal user input and produces adaptive 
                        or context-responsive output; and
                    ``(B) does not include an interactive computer 
                service or software application--
                            ``(i) the responses of which are limited to 
                        contextualized replies; and
                            ``(ii) that is unable to respond on a range 
                        of topics outside of a narrow specified 
                        purpose.
            ``(2) Minor.--The term `minor' means any individual who has 
        not attained 18 years of age.
            ``(3) Sexually explicit conduct.--The term `sexually 
        explicit conduct' has the meaning given the term in section 
        2256(2)(A).
    ``(b) Offense Relating to Sexually Explicit Conduct.--
            ``(1) Offense.--It shall be unlawful to make publicly 
        available an artificial intelligence chatbot, knowing or with 
        reckless disregard for the fact that the artificial 
        intelligence chatbot--
                    ``(A) engages minors in, erotically describes to 
                minors, or erotically simulates to minors sexually 
                explicit conduct or obscene material (as applicable); 
                or
                    ``(B) makes available to a minor any material that 
                erotically depicts, erotically describes, or erotically 
                simulates--
                            ``(i) any visual depiction of sexually 
                        explicit conduct; or
                            ``(ii) any visual depiction described in 
                        section 1466A(a).
            ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall 
        be fined not more than $250,000 per offense.
    ``(c) Offense Relating to Physical Violence.--
            ``(1) Offense.--It shall be unlawful to make publicly 
        available an artificial intelligence chatbot, knowing or with 
        reckless disregard for the fact that the artificial 
        intelligence chatbot solicits, induces, or coerces minors to 
        commit suicide or carry out non-suicidal self-injury, imminent 
        unlawful physical or sexual violence, or homicide.
            ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall 
        be fined not more than $250,000 per offense.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of chapters for 
part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after 
the item relating to chapter 5 the following:

``6. Artificial intelligence................................      91''.

SEC. 5. COVERED ENTITY OBLIGATIONS.

    (a) Creation of User Accounts.--A covered entity shall require each 
individual accessing an AI companion to make a user account in order to 
use or otherwise interact with the AI companion.
    (b) Age Verification.--
            (1) Age verification of existing accounts.--With respect to 
        each user account of an AI companion that exists as of the 
        effective date of this Act, a covered entity shall--
                    (A) on that date, freeze the account;
                    (B) in order to restore the functionality of the 
                account, require verification that the user is an adult 
                using a reasonable age verification process, subject to 
                paragraph (4); and
                    (C) using the verification described in 
                subparagraph (B), classify the user as a minor or an 
                adult.
            (2) Age verification of new accounts.--At the time an 
        individual creates a new user account to use or interact with 
        an AI companion, a covered entity shall--
                    (A) require verification that the user is an adult 
                using a reasonable age verification process, subject to 
                paragraph (4); and
                    (B) using the verification described in 
                subparagraph (A), classify the user as a minor or an 
                adult.
            (3) Periodic age verification.--A covered entity shall 
        periodically re-verify previously verified user accounts using 
        a reasonable age verification process, subject to paragraph 
        (4), to ensure compliance with this Act.
            (4) Use of third parties.--For purposes of paragraphs 
        (1)(B), (2)(A), and (3), a covered entity--
                    (A) subject to subparagraph (B), may contract with 
                a third party to employ reasonable age verification 
                measures as part of the covered entity's reasonable age 
                verification process, but the use of such a third party 
                shall not relieve the covered entity of its obligations 
                under this Act or from liability under this Act; and
                    (B) may not contract with a third party closely 
                affiliated with, incorporated in, organized under the 
                laws of, or with a principal place of business in, a 
                covered nation, as defined in section 4872 of title 10, 
                United States Code.
            (5) Age verification measure data security.--A covered 
        entity and any third party used by a covered entity to employ 
        reasonable age verification measures under paragraph (4)--
                    (A) shall establish, implement, and maintain 
                reasonable data security to--
                            (i) limit collection of personal data to 
                        that which is minimally necessary to verify a 
                        user's adult status or maintain compliance with 
                        this Act; and
                            (ii) protect such age verification data 
                        against unauthorized access;
                    (B) shall protect such age verification data 
                against unauthorized access;
                    (C) shall protect the integrity and confidentiality 
                of such data by only transmitting such data using 
                industry-standard encryption protocols;
                    (D) shall retain such data for no longer than is 
                reasonably necessary to verify a user's adult status or 
                maintain compliance with this Act; and
                    (E) may not share with, transfer to, or sell to, 
                any other entity such data.
    (c) Required Disclosures for Artificial Intelligence Chatbots.--
            (1) Disclosure of non-human status.--Each artificial 
        intelligence chatbot made publicly available to end consumers 
        shall--
                    (A) at the initiation of each conversation with a 
                user, clearly and conspicuously disclose to the user 
                that the chatbot is an artificial intelligence system 
                and not a human being; and
                    (B) be programmed to ensure that the chatbot does 
                not claim to be a human being or otherwise respond 
                deceptively when asked by a user if the chatbot is a 
                human being.
            (2) Disclosure regarding non-professional status.--
                    (A) In general.--An artificial intelligence chatbot 
                made publicly available to end consumers may not 
                represent, directly or indirectly, that the chatbot is 
                a licensed professional, including a therapist, 
                physician, lawyer, financial advisor, or other 
                professional.
                    (B) Other limitations.--Each artificial 
                intelligence chatbot made publicly available to end 
                consumers shall, at the initiation of each conversation 
                with a user and at reasonably regular intervals, 
                clearly and conspicuously disclose to the user that--
                            (i) the chatbot does not provide medical, 
                        legal, financial, or psychological services; 
                        and
                            (ii) users of the chatbot should consult a 
                        licensed professional for such advice.

SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON MINOR USE OF AI COMPANIONS.

    If the age verification process described in section 5(b) 
determines that an individual is a minor, a covered entity shall 
prohibit the minor from accessing or using any AI companion made 
publicly available to end consumers by the covered entity.

SEC. 7. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) In General.--In the case of a violation of section 5 or 6, or a 
regulation promulgated thereunder, the Attorney General may bring a 
civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States to--
            (1) enjoin the violation;
            (2) enforce compliance with section 5 or 6, or the 
        regulation promulgated thereunder; or
            (3) obtain civil penalties under subsection (c) of this 
        section, restitution, and other appropriate relief.
    (b) Attorney General Rulemaking.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Attorney 
        General may promulgate any regulations necessary to carry out 
        section 5 or 6 of this Act and the amendments made by this Act.
            (2) Limitation.--No regulation promulgated under paragraph 
        (1) may--
                    (A) impose a requirement on a covered entity that 
                is not expressly authorized by this Act or an amendment 
                made by this Act; or
                    (B) address the development, deployment, or general 
                operation of artificial intelligence systems outside 
                the scope of obligations and offenses set forth in this 
                Act and the amendments made by this Act.
    (c) Civil Penalties.--
            (1) In general.--Any person who violates section 5 or 6, or 
        a regulation promulgated thereunder, shall be subject to a 
        civil penalty not to exceed $250,000 for each violation.
            (2) Separate violations.--Each violation described in 
        paragraph (1) shall be considered a separate violation.
    (d) State Enforcement.--In any case in which the attorney general 
of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the residents of 
that State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by the 
engagement of any covered entity in a violation of section 5 or 6, or a 
regulation promulgated thereunder, the State, as parens patriae, may 
bring a civil action on behalf of the residents of the State in a 
district court of the United States or a State court of appropriate 
jurisdiction to obtain injunctive relief.
    (e) Relationship to State Laws.--Nothing in this Act or an 
amendment made by this Act, or any regulation promulgated thereunder, 
shall be construed to prohibit or otherwise affect the enforcement of 
any State law or regulation that is at least as protective of users of 
artificial intelligence chatbots as this Act and the amendments made by 
this Act, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

SEC. 8. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of or amendment made by this Act, or the 
application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held to be 
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the amendments made by 
this Act, and the application of the provision or amendment to any 
other person or circumstance, shall not be affected.

SEC. 9. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on 
the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
                                                       Calendar No. 406

119th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 3062

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

     To require artificial intelligence chatbots to implement age 
   verification measures and make certain disclosures, and for other 
                               purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              May 11, 2026

                       Reported with an amendment