[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1782 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 441
119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 1782

     To prohibit discrimination on the basis of mental or physical 
               disability in cases of organ transplants.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 15, 2025

 Mrs. Moody (for herself, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Scott of Florida, Ms. Smith, 
Mr. Daines, Mr. Kaine, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. Whitehouse, Mrs. Blackburn, 
   Mr. Warner, Mr. Schmitt, Mr. Warnock, Mr. Coons, Mr. Justice, Mr. 
  Marshall, Mr. Kelly, Mr. Fetterman, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Reed, Mrs. 
 Gillibrand, Mr. Budd, and Mrs. Capito) introduced the following bill; 
     which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

                             June 22, 2026

               Reported by Mr. Cassidy, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
     To prohibit discrimination on the basis of mental or physical 
               disability in cases of organ transplants.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Charlotte Woodward Organ 
Transplant Discrimination Prevention Act''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Auxiliary aids and services.--The term 
        ``auxiliary aids and services'' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 4 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 
        U.S.C. 12103).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' 
        means any licensed provider of health care services (including 
        licensed health care practitioners, hospitals, nursing 
        facilities, laboratories, intermediate care facilities, 
        psychiatric residential treatment facilities, institutions for 
        individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities, 
        and prison health centers), and any transplant hospital (as 
        defined in section 121.2 of title 42, Code of Federal 
        Regulations or a successor regulation), that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) is in interstate commerce; 
                or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) provides health care services in a 
                manner that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) substantially affects or has a 
                        substantial relation to interstate commerce; 
                        or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) includes use of an instrument 
                        (including an instrument of transportation or 
                        communication) of interstate 
                        commerce.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Disability.--The term ``disability'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 3 of the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Human organ.--The term ``human organ'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 301(c) of the National Organ 
        Transplant Act (42 U.S.C. 274e(c)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Organ transplant.--The term ``organ 
        transplant'' means the transplantation or transfusion of a 
        donated human organ into the body of another human for the 
        purpose of treating a medical condition.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Qualified individual.--The term ``qualified 
        individual'' means an individual who, with or without a support 
        network, provision of auxiliary aids and services, or 
        reasonable modifications to policies or practices, meets 
        eligibility requirements for the receipt of a human 
        organ.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Reasonable modifications to policies or 
        practices.--The term ``reasonable modifications to policies or 
        practices'' includes--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) communication with persons responsible 
                for supporting a qualified individual with postsurgical 
                or other care following an organ transplant or related 
                services, including support with medication;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) consideration, in determining whether 
                a qualified individual will be able to comply with 
                health requirements following an organ transplant or 
                receipt of related services, of support networks 
                available to the qualified individual, including 
                family, friends, and providers of home and community-
                based services, including home and community-based 
                services funded through the Medicare or Medicaid 
                program under title XVIII or XIX, respectively, of the 
                Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq., 1396 et 
                seq.), another health plan in which the qualified 
                individual is enrolled, or any program or source of 
                funding available to the qualified individual; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the use of supported decision-making, 
                when needed, by a qualified individual.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) Related services.--The term ``related 
        services'' means services related to an organ transplant that 
        consist of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) evaluation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) counseling;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) treatment, including postoperative 
                treatment, and care;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) provision of information; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) any other service recommended or 
                required by a physician.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) Supported decision-making.--The term 
        ``supported decision-making'' means the use of a support person 
        to assist a qualified individual in making health care 
        decisions, communicate information to the qualified individual, 
        or ascertain a qualified individual's wishes. Such term 
        includes--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the inclusion of the individual's 
                attorney-in-fact or health care proxy, or any person of 
                the individual's choice, in communications about the 
                individual's health care;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) permitting the individual to designate 
                a person of the individual's choice for the purposes of 
                supporting that individual in communicating, processing 
                information, or making health care decisions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) providing auxiliary aids and services 
                to facilitate the individual's ability to communicate 
                and process health-related information, including 
                providing use of assistive communication 
                technology;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) providing health information to 
                persons designated by the individual, consistent with 
                the regulations promulgated under section 264(c) of the 
                Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 
                1996 (42 U.S.C. 1320d-2 note) and other applicable laws 
                and regulations governing disclosure of health 
                information;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) providing health information in a 
                format that is readily understandable by the 
                individual; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) working with a court-appointed 
                guardian or other person responsible for making health 
                care decisions on behalf of the individual, to ensure 
                that the individual is included in decisions involving 
                the health care of the individual and that health care 
                decisions are in accordance with the individual's own 
                expressed interests.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) Support network.--The term ``support 
        network'' means, with respect to a qualified individual, 1 or 
        more people who are--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) selected by the qualified individual 
                or by the qualified individual and the guardian of the 
                qualified individual, to provide assistance to the 
                qualified individual or guidance to that qualified 
                individual in understanding issues, making plans for 
                the future, or making complex decisions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) who may include the family members, 
                friends, unpaid supporters, members of the religious 
                congregation, and appropriate personnel at a community 
                center, of or serving the qualified 
                individual.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATORY POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The board of directors described in section 372(b)(1)(B) 
of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 274(b)(1)(B)) shall not 
issue policies, recommendations, or other memoranda that would 
prohibit, or otherwise hinder, a qualified individual's access to an 
organ transplant solely on the basis of that individual's 
disability.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), a covered 
entity may not, solely on the basis of a qualified individual's 
disability--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) determine that the individual is ineligible to 
        receive an organ transplant or related services;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) deny the individual an organ transplant or 
        related services;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) refuse to refer the individual to an organ 
        transplant center or other related specialist for the purpose 
        of receipt of an organ transplant or other related services; 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) refuse to place the individual on an organ 
        transplant waiting list.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Exception.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Medically significant disabilities.--
                Notwithstanding subsection (a), a covered entity may 
                take a qualified individual's disability into account 
                when making a health care treatment or coverage 
                recommendation or decision, solely to the extent that 
                the disability has been found by a physician, following 
                an individualized evaluation of the potential 
                recipient, to be medically significant to the receipt 
                of the organ transplant or related services, as the 
                case may be.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Construction.--Subparagraph (A) shall 
                not be construed to require a referral or 
                recommendation for, or the performance of, a medically 
                inappropriate organ transplant or medically 
                inappropriate related services.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Clarification.--If a qualified individual has 
        the necessary support network to provide a reasonable assurance 
        that the qualified individual will be able to comply with 
        health requirements following an organ transplant or receipt of 
        related services, as the case may be, the qualified 
        individual's inability to independently comply with those 
        requirements may not be construed to be medically significant 
        for purposes of paragraph (1).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Reasonable Modifications.--A covered entity shall make 
reasonable modifications to policies or practices (including 
procedures) of such entity if such modifications are necessary to make 
an organ transplant or related services available to qualified 
individuals with disabilities, unless the entity can demonstrate that 
making such modifications would fundamentally alter the nature of such 
policies or practices.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Clarifications.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) No denial of services because of absence of 
        auxiliary aids and services.--For purposes of this section, a 
        covered entity shall take such steps as may be necessary to 
        ensure that a qualified individual with a disability is not 
        denied a procedure associated with the receipt of an organ 
        transplant or related services, because of the absence of 
        auxiliary aids and services, unless the covered entity can 
        demonstrate that taking such steps would fundamentally alter 
        the nature of the procedure being offered or would result in an 
        undue burden on the entity.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Compliance with other law.--Nothing in this 
        section shall be construed--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to prevent a covered entity from 
                providing organ transplants or related services at a 
                level that is greater than the level that is required 
                by this section; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to limit the rights of an individual 
                with a disability under, or to replace or limit the 
                scope of obligations imposed by, the Americans with 
                Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) 
                including the provisions added to such Act by the ADA 
                Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-325), section 
                504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), 
                section 1557 of the Patient Protection and Affordable 
                Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18116), or any other applicable 
                law.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Enforcement.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Any individual who alleges that a 
        qualified individual was subject to a violation of this section 
        by a covered entity may bring a claim regarding the allegation 
        to the Office for Civil Rights of the Department of Health and 
        Human Services, for expedited resolution, as 
        appropriate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
        subsection is intended to limit or replace available remedies 
        under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
        12101 et seq.) or any other applicable law.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 5. APPLICATION TO EACH PART OF PROCESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The provisions of this Act--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) that apply to an organ transplant, also apply 
        to the evaluation and listing of a qualified individual, and to 
        the organ transplant and post-organ-transplant treatment of 
        such an individual; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) that apply to related services, also apply to 
        the process for receipt of related services by such an 
        individual.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 6. EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Nothing in this Act shall be construed to supersede any 
provision of any State or local law that provides greater rights to 
qualified individuals with respect to organ transplants than the rights 
established under this Act.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Charlotte Woodward Organ Transplant 
Discrimination Prevention Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Auxiliary aids and services.--The term ``auxiliary aids 
        and services'' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of 
        the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12103).
            (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means 
        any--
                    (A) entity operating a program or activity, 
                involving an organ transplant or related services, 
                receiving Federal financial assistance; or
                    (B) public entity covered by title II of the 
                Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
                12131 et seq.) that carries out activities relating to 
                such a transplant or services.
            (3) Disability.--The term ``disability'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 3 of the Americans with Disabilities 
        Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102).
            (4) Organ.--The term ``organ'' has the meaning given the 
        term ``human organ'' in section 301(c) of the National Organ 
        Transplant Act (42 U.S.C. 274e(c)).
            (5) Qualified individual with a disability.--The term 
        ``qualified individual with a disability'' means such 
        individual within the meaning of the term as used in title II 
        of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12131 
        et seq.), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 
        U.S.C. 794), and any other applicable Federal law, including 
        their implementing regulations.
            (6) Reasonable modifications.--The term ``reasonable 
        modifications'' means such modifications within the meaning of 
        the term as used in or for the Americans with Disabilities Act 
        of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), section 504 of the 
        Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), and any other 
        applicable Federal law, including their implementing 
        regulations.
            (7) Related services.--The term ``related services'' means 
        services, including the process by which an individual receives 
        such services, related to an organ transplant that consist of--
                    (A) evaluation and listing on the transplant 
                waiting lists;
                    (B) counseling;
                    (C) treatment, including postoperative treatment, 
                and care;
                    (D) provision of information; and
                    (E) any other service recommended or required by a 
                physician.

SEC. 3. PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATORY POLICY.

    Section 372(b)(2)(B) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
274(b)(2)(B)) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(B) establish membership criteria and medical 
                criteria for allocating organs, which shall not include 
                medical criteria that would discriminate on the basis 
                of disability in access to an organ transplant, and 
                provide to members of the public an opportunity to 
                comment with respect to such membership and medical 
                criteria;''.

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION.

    (a) In General.--Consistent with section 504 of the Rehabilitation 
Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with Disabilities Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), and any other applicable Federal law, 
including their implementing regulations, and, subject to subsection 
(b), a covered entity shall not, on the basis of the disability of a 
qualified individual with a disability--
            (1) determine that the individual is ineligible to receive 
        an organ transplant or related services;
            (2) deny the individual an organ transplant or related 
        services;
            (3) refuse to refer the individual to an organ transplant 
        center or other related specialist for the purpose of receipt 
        of an organ transplant or other related services;
            (4) refuse to place the individual on the transplant 
        waiting lists; or
            (5) otherwise discriminate based on disability with respect 
        to the provision of an organ transplant or related services.
    (b) Exception.--
            (1) Professional judgment in treatment.--Notwithstanding 
        subsection (a), following an individualized assessment by a 
        covered entity, the covered entity may take the disability of a 
        qualified individual with a disability into account in carrying 
        out a program or activity consistent with section 504 of the 
        Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), and any 
        other applicable Federal law, including their implementing 
        regulations, including section 84.56 of title 45, Code of 
        Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of enactment of 
        this Act.
            (2) Clarification.--If a qualified individual with a 
        disability would be able to comply with the health requirements 
        following an organ transplant or provision of related services 
        if given the necessary reasonable modifications to policies, 
        practices, or procedures, or appropriate auxiliary aids and 
        services, the individual's inability to independently comply 
        with those requirements may not be taken into account for 
        purposes of paragraph (1).
    (c) Clarifications.--
            (1) Reasonable modifications.--
                    (A) In general.--Consistent with section 504 of the 
                Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the 
                Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
                12101 et seq.), and any other applicable Federal law, 
                and their implementing regulations, a covered entity 
                shall make reasonable modifications to policies, 
                practices, or procedures when such modifications are 
                necessary to avoid discrimination on the basis of 
                disability as described in subsection (a) except as 
                provided in subsection (b), unless the entity can 
                demonstrate that making such modifications would 
                fundamentally alter the nature of the program or 
                activity involved.
                    (B) Inclusion.--For the purposes of subsection 
                (b)(2) and subparagraph (A), the reasonable 
                modifications may include the use of supported 
                decision-making, when needed, by a qualified individual 
                with a disability.
            (2) Auxiliary aids and services.--Consistent with section 
        504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the 
        Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et 
        seq.), and any other applicable Federal law, and their 
        implementing regulations, a covered entity shall take such 
        steps as may be necessary to ensure that no qualified 
        individual with a disability is excluded, denied services, 
        segregated, or otherwise discriminated against, based on 
        disability, from or for a procedure associated with the receipt 
        of an organ transplant or related services because of the 
        absence of appropriate auxiliary aids and services, unless the 
        covered entity can demonstrate that taking such steps would 
        fundamentally alter the nature of the program or activity 
        involved or would result in an undue burden.
            (3) Privacy and security of health information.--Nothing in 
        this subsection shall be construed to modify or alter the 
        requirements for privacy or security of individually 
        identifiable health information under the privacy, security, 
        and breach notification rules under parts 160 and 164 of title 
        45, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation) or 
        for the confidentiality of substance use disorder patient 
        records under part 2 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations 
        (or a successor regulation).
    (d) Enforcement.--When a complaint regarding an allegation of 
discrimination on the basis of disability with respect to the provision 
of an organ transplant or related services is brought to the Office for 
Civil Rights of the Department of Health and Human Services, such 
Office shall consider the complaint, consistent with the Office's 
practices and procedures, for expedited complaint resolution or early 
complaint resolution, as appropriate and as appropriate, may require a 
remedy, consistent with the enforcement remedies for a violation of 
section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the 
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), and 
any other applicable Federal law, including their implementing 
regulations.
    (e) Report to Congress.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary 
        shall prepare and submit to the committees specified in 
        paragraph (2) a report that contains--
                    (A) a description of the activities carried out 
                under this section, which shall, at a minimum, 
                contain--
                            (i) information concerning the number of 
                        complaints received related to discrimination 
                        as described in subsection (a);
                            (ii) a description of the process by which 
                        the Office for Civil Rights of the Department 
                        of Health and Human Services carried out the 
                        expedited complaint resolution or early 
                        complaint resolution, where appropriate;
                            (iii) the results of such complaints; and
                            (iv) information stating the resources 
                        necessary for such Office to carry out such 
                        activities; and
                    (B) recommendations by the Secretary to improve 
                enforcement of this Act.
            (2) Submission.--The Secretary shall submit the report to 
        the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives, and to the Committee on Health, Education, 
        Labor, and Pensions of the Senate.

SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this Act shall be construed to invalidate or limit the 
rights, remedies, and procedures, including legal standards, available 
to an individual aggrieved under--
            (1) the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
        12101 et seq.);
            (2) section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 
        U.S.C. 794); or
            (3) any other applicable Federal or State law that provides 
        additional protections against discrimination on the basis of 
        disability with respect to organ transplants or related 
        services.
                                                       Calendar No. 441

119th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 1782

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

     To prohibit discrimination on the basis of mental or physical 
               disability in cases of organ transplants.

_______________________________________________________________________

                             June 22, 2026

                       Reported with an amendment