[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1542 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 496
119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 1542

 To support the human rights of Uyghurs and members of other minority 
groups residing primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, to 
       safeguard their distinct identity, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 30, 2025

 Mr. Curtis (for himself, Mr. Merkley, and Mr. Warnock) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                           Foreign Relations

                             July 27, 2026

                Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To support the human rights of Uyghurs and members of other minority 
groups residing primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, to 
       safeguard their distinct identity, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Uyghur Policy Act of 
2025''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) The People's Republic of China (referred to in 
        this Act as the ``PRC'') continues to repress the distinct 
        Islamic, Turkic identity of Uyghurs and members of other ethnic 
        and religious minority groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous 
        Region (referred to in this Act as the ``XUAR'') in 
        northwestern China and other areas in which they have 
        habitually residided.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Uyghurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic 
        minorities historically making up the majority of the XUAR 
        population have maintained a distinct religious and cultural 
        identity throughout their history.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Human rights, including the freedom of 
        religion or belief, and respect for the Uyghurs' unique Muslim 
        identity are legitimate interests of the international 
        community.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) The PRC--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) has ratified the International 
                Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, done 
                at New York December 16, 1966, and is thereby bound by 
                its provisions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) has also signed the International 
                Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, done at New 
                York December 19, 1966.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) An official campaign to encourage Han Chinese 
        migration into the XUAR has placed immense pressure on Uyghurs 
        and other ethnic and religious minority groups who seek to 
        preserve their unique ethnic, cultural, religious, and 
        linguistic traditions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) PRC authorities have supported an influx of 
        Han Chinese economic immigrants into the XUAR, implemented 
        discrimination against Uyghurs and other minorities in hiring 
        practices, and provided unequal access to healthcare 
        services.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) PRC authorities have manipulated the strategic 
        objectives of the international war on terror to mask their 
        increasing cultural and religious oppression of the Muslim 
        population residing in the XUAR.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) In 2014, following unrest in the XUAR, Chinese 
        authorities launched the ``Strike Hard Against Violent 
        Extremism'' campaign, in which dubious allegations of 
        widespread extremist activity were used as justification for 
        gross human rights violations committed against Uyghurs and 
        members of other minority communities in the XUAR.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) PRC authorities have made use of the legal 
        system as a tool of repression, including for the imposition of 
        arbitrary detentions and torture against members of the Uyghur 
        community and other minority populations.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) Uyghurs and Kazakhs who have secured 
        citizenship or permanent residency outside of the PRC have 
        attested to repeated threats, harassment, and surveillance by 
        PRC officials.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (11) Reporting from international news 
        organizations has found that during the past decade, family 
        members of Uyghurs and other minority groups living outside of 
        the PRC have gone missing or been detained to force Uyghur 
        expatriates to return to the PRC or silence their 
        dissent.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (12) In 2017, Radio Free Asia's Uyghur Service was 
        the first media organization to report on the PRC's vast, mass 
        arbitrary-detention program in the XUAR.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (13) Credible evidence from human rights 
        organizations, think tanks, and journalists confirms that more 
        than 1,000,000 Uyghurs and members of other ethnic minority 
        groups have been imprisoned in extrajudicial ``political 
        reeducation'' centers.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (14) Independent accounts from former detainees of 
        ``political reeducation'' centers describe inhumane conditions 
        and treatment including forced political indoctrination, 
        torture, beatings, rape, forced sterilization, and food 
        deprivation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (15) Former detainees also confirmed that they 
        were told by guards that the only way to secure release was to 
        demonstrate sufficient political loyalty to the Government of 
        the PRC.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (16) Popular discourse surrounding the ongoing 
        atrocities in the XUAR and advocacy efforts to assist Uyghurs 
        remains muted in most Muslim majority nations around the 
        world.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (17) Former Secretaries of State Antony Blinken 
        and Michael Pompeo and Secretary of State Marco Rubio have all 
        confirmed that the Government of the PRC has committed genocide 
        and crimes against humanity against Uyghurs and other ethnic 
        and religious minorities in the XUAR.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (18) Government bodies of multiple countries have 
        also declared that atrocities by the Government of the PRC 
        against such populations in the XUAR constitute genocide, 
        including the Parliament of the United Kingdom, of Belgium, of 
        Czechia, of Lithuania, of the Netherlands, and of 
        Canada.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Government of the PRC should immediately 
        open the XUAR to regular, transparent, and unmanipulated visits 
        by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) members of the press;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) international organizations, including 
                the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for 
                Human Rights;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) academic and human rights research 
                institutions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) foreign delegations, including 
                delegations from the Congress of the United 
                States;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Government of the PRC should--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) recognize, and take tangible steps to 
                protect and preserve, the distinct ethnic, cultural, 
                religious, and linguistic identity of Uyghurs and 
                members of other ethnic and religious minority groups 
                in the XUAR;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) cease all government-sponsored 
                crackdowns, imprisonments, and detentions of people 
                throughout the XUAR aimed at repressing their ethnic, 
                cultural, political, or religious identities; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) cease all government-sponsored 
                transnational repression of Uyghurs, including the 
                detainment, harassment, intimidation, and surveillance 
                of the family members of exiled Uyghurs and Uyghur 
                activists;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) it is commendable that countries, including 
        Turkey, Albania, and Germany, have provided shelter and 
        hospitality to Uyghurs and other minority group members in 
        exile from the PRC;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) urges all countries, especially fellow 
        democracies and countries with sizeable Muslim populations, to 
        condemn and address the plight of Uyghurs and other minority 
        communities in the XUAR;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the Government of the PRC should immediately 
        grant unconditional releases to all prisoners that have been 
        detained for their ethnic, cultural, religious, and linguistic 
        identities, for expressing their political or religious beliefs 
        in the XUAR, or for being related to members of the Uyghur 
        diaspora or activist community, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Ekper Asat, who participated in the 
                Department of State's International Visitors Leadership 
                Program in 2016, was incarcerated after returning to 
                the XUAR, and is now serving a 15-year prison sentence 
                on charges of ``inciting ethnic hatred and ethnic 
                discrimination'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Dr. Gulshan Abbas, a Uyghur retired 
                medical doctor who was wrongfully detained in the XUAR 
                on September 11, 2018, and unjustly sentenced to 20 
                years in prison in retaliation for her sister's 
                advocacy for Uyghur human rights issues; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Kamile Wayit, a Uyghur university 
                student who was wrongfully detained on December 12, 
                2022, after returning to the XUAR during the winter 
                holiday while on break from studying;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the Government of the PRC should facilitate 
        access for international humanitarian organizations, including 
        the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent 
        Societies, to the ``political reeducation'' centers in the XUAR 
        to ensure prisoners are not being mistreated and are receiving 
        necessary medical care; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) the Department of State should continue to 
        facilitate the unhindered dissemination to the international 
        community of information regarding the human rights, religious 
        freedom, and transnational repression of Uyghurs and members of 
        other minority groups in the XUAR.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. UNITED STATES STRENGTHENING OF COORDINATION ON UYGHUR 
              ISSUES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, as appropriate, 
shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) prioritize policies, programs, and projects to 
        support the Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and religious 
        minority groups in the XUAR;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) vigorously promote the policies of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) protecting the distinct ethnic, 
                religious, cultural, and linguistic identities of the 
                Uyghurs and other minority groups; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) improving the protection of human 
                rights in the XUAR;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) direct the Department of State to maintain 
        close contact with Uyghur religious, cultural, and political 
        leaders, including seeking regular travel to the XUAR and to 
        Uyghur populations in Central Asia, Turkey, Albania, Germany, 
        and other parts of Europe;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) lead coordination efforts for the release of 
        political prisoners in the XUAR who are being detained for 
        exercising their human rights or being relatives of exiled 
        Uyghurs;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) consult with Congress regarding policies 
        relevant to the XUAR and the Uyghurs;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) coordinate with relevant Federal agencies to 
        administer aid to Uyghur rights advocates;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) strive to establish contacts with foreign 
        ministries of other countries, especially in Europe, Central 
        Asia, and members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, 
        to pursue a policy of promoting greater respect for human 
        rights and religious freedom for Uyghurs and other ethnic and 
        religious minority groups in the XUAR;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) utilize Strategic Dialogue with the 
        Organisation of Islamic Cooperation to address Uyghur rights 
        and work with its individual member states to develop and 
        implement joint initiatives and programs aimed at promoting 
        awareness of Uyghur rights and supporting Uyghur victims of 
        detainment, harassment, and transnational repression;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) support independent media authorized under 
        section 309 of the United States International Broadcasting Act 
        of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6208), including Radio Free Asia, which 
        conduct reporting and investigative journalism focused on the 
        XUAR, including in local languages, to ensure the reporting of 
        future PRC human rights abuses;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) work with international partners to raise 
        awareness concerning acts of transnational repression against 
        Uyghur Americans or Uyghurs who are living in exile in the 
        United States and develop and implement strategies to prevent 
        and respond to such transnational repression;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (11) establish a reporting mechanism for 
        individuals to report incidents of transnational repression 
        against Uyghurs and other minority groups with ties to the 
        XUAR; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (12) submit to Congress an annual report, 
        including a classified annex, if necessary, that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) describes actions taken by the United 
                States to address and prevent transnational repression 
                against Uyghurs in the United States; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) includes recommendations for further 
                legislative or policy measures in support of the human 
                rights of Uyghurs and other minority groups from the 
                XUAR.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Support.--The Secretary of State shall ensure the 
Department of State has adequate resources, staff, and administrative 
support to carry out this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Sunset.--The requirements under this section shall 
cease to have any force or effect beginning on the date that is 5 years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 5. FUNDING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCATES TO CONDUCT PUBLIC 
              DIPLOMACY IN THE ISLAMIC WORLD ON THE UYGHUR 
              SITUATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Of the amounts appropriated for the 
Office of the United States Speaker Program of the Bureau of 
Educational and Cultural Affairs of the Department of State for each of 
the fiscal years 2025, 2026, and 2027, $250,000 shall be made available 
to support human rights advocates working on behalf of the Uyghurs and 
members of other ethnic and religious minority groups from the XUAR 
that are being persecuted in the PRC.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Identification of Speakers.--The Assistant Secretary 
of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs, in consultation with 
representatives of the global Uyghur community, shall identify human 
rights advocates who may be invited to speak at global public diplomacy 
forums, particularly events at which representatives from Organisation 
of Islamic Cooperation countries and other Muslim-majority countries 
are present, regarding issues regarding the human rights and religious 
freedom of Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and religious minority 
groups who have been persecuted by the PRC.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 6. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS AUTHORIZED.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    No additional funds are authorized to carry out the 
requirements under this Act. Such requirements shall be carried out 
using amounts otherwise authorized for similar purposes.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 7. ACCESS TO DETENTION FACILITIES AND PRISONS AND THE 
              RELEASE OF PRISONERS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Strategy on Political Reeducation and Detention 
Facilities.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the heads of 
other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall develop a 
strategy for cooperating with like-minded partners to pressure the 
Government of the PRC--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to close all detention facilities and 
        ``political reeducation'' camps housing Uyghurs and members of 
        other ethnic minority groups in the XUAR;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to allow unhindered access to detention 
        facilities and ``political reeducation'' camps in the XUAR by 
        independent media, researchers, international organizations and 
        the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human 
        Rights for a comprehensive assessment of the human rights 
        situation; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to protect human rights and preserve the 
        distinct religious and cultural identity of the Uyghurs and the 
        other religious and ethnic minority communities in the 
        XUAR.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report on Strategy and Implementation.--Not later than 
1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a 
report, including a classified annex, if necessary, that includes--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the strategy developed pursuant to subsection 
        (a); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) all of the steps that have been taken to 
        implement such strategy in accordance with the objectives 
        described in paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection 
        (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 8. REQUIREMENT FOR UYGHUR LANGUAGE TRAINING.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Uyghur Language Training and Staffing.--The Secretary 
of State shall take such steps as may be necessary to ensure that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Uyghur language training is available to 
        Foreign Service officers, as appropriate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) efforts are made to ensure that at least 1 
        Uyghur-speaking member of the Service (as defined in section 
        103 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3903)) is 
        assigned to each United States diplomatic or consular post in 
        China.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report.--No later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 2 
years, the Foreign Service Institute shall submit a report to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that outlines all of 
the steps that have been taken to implement subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 9. UYGHUR CONSIDERATIONS AT THE UNITED NATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The President should direct the United States Permanent 
Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and 
influence of the United States--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to oppose any efforts to prevent consideration 
        of the gross violation of internationally recognized human 
        rights in the XUAR in any body of the United Nations;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to oppose any efforts to prevent the 
        participation of any Uyghur human rights advocates in 
        nongovernmental fora hosted by, or otherwise organized under 
        the auspices of, any body of the United Nations; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to support the appointment of a special 
        rapporteur or working group for the XUAR for the purposes of--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) monitoring human rights violations and 
                abuses in the XUAR; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) making reports containing information 
                about such violations and abuses available to the 
                United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the 
                United Nations Commission on Human Rights, the General 
                Assembly of the United Nations, and other United 
                Nations subsidiaries.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Uyghur Policy Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The People's Republic of China (referred to in this Act 
        as the ``PRC'') continues to repress the distinct Islamic, 
        Turkic identity of Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and 
        religious minority groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous 
        Region (referred to in this Act as the ``XUAR'') in 
        northwestern China and other areas in which they have 
        habitually resided.
            (2) Uyghurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic 
        minorities historically making up the majority of the XUAR 
        population have maintained a distinct religious and cultural 
        identity throughout their history.
            (3) The PRC--
                    (A) ratified the International Covenant on 
                Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, done at New York, 
                December 16, 1966, and is thereby bound by its 
                provisions; and
                    (B) signed the International Covenant on Civil and 
                Political Rights, done at New York December 19, 1966.
            (4) PRC authorities manipulated the strategic objectives of 
        the international war on terror to mask their increasing 
        cultural and religious oppression of Uyghurs and other ethnic 
        and religious minority groups residing in the XUAR.
            (5) In 2014, PRC authorities launched the ``Strike Hard 
        Against Violent Extremism'' campaign, in which dubious 
        allegations of widespread extremist activity were used as 
        justification for violations of internationally recognized 
        human rights committed against Uyghurs and members of other 
        ethnic and religious minority groups in the XUAR.
            (6) PRC authorities have made use of its legal system as a 
        tool of repression, including for the imposition of arbitrary 
        detentions and torture against members of the Uyghur community 
        and other ethnic and religious minority groups.
            (7) Uyghurs and Kazakhs who have secured citizenship or 
        permanent residency outside of the PRC have attested to 
        repeated threats, harassment, and surveillance by PRC 
        officials.
            (8) Reporting from international news organizations has 
        found that during the past decade, in order to silence dissent 
        or to force exiled or other overseas Uyghurs to return to the 
        PRC, family members of such Uyghur individuals or members of 
        other ethnic and religious minority groups living inside the 
        PRC have disappeared or been detained by PRC authorities.
            (9) In February 2025, Thai authorities refouled 40 detained 
        Uyghurs to Xinjiang, ignoring warnings from the United States 
        Government and Congress.
            (10) In 2017, Radio Free Asia's Uyghur Service was the 
        first media organization to report on the PRC's vast, mass 
        arbitrary-detention program in the XUAR.
            (11) International civil society has compiled credible 
        evidence that--
                    (A) more than 1,000,000 Uyghurs and members of 
                other ethnic and religious minority groups were 
                detained in extrajudicial ``vocational education and 
                training centers''; and
                    (B) thousands more such individuals continue to be 
                coerced to participate in state-led forced labor 
                transfer programs.
            (12) Independent accounts from former detainees of 
        ``vocational education and training'' centers describe inhumane 
        conditions and treatment, including forced political 
        indoctrination, torture, beatings, rape, forced sterilization, 
        and food deprivation.
            (13) Former detainees also confirmed that they were told by 
        guards that the only way to secure release was to demonstrate 
        sufficient political loyalty to the Government of the PRC.
            (14) Discourse surrounding the ongoing atrocities in the 
        XUAR, including efforts to support the Uyghur community, 
        remains limited in most Muslim majority nations around the 
        world.
            (15) Former Secretary of State Michael Pompeo determined, 
        and both former Secretary of State Anthony Blinken and 
        Secretary of State Marco Rubio reaffirmed, that the Government 
        of the PRC continues to commit genocide and crimes against 
        humanity against Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious 
        minorities in the XUAR.
            (16) Multiple foreign government bodies have declared that 
        atrocities by the Government of the PRC against Uyghurs and 
        members of other ethnic and religious minority groups in the 
        XUAR constitute genocide, including the European Parliament and 
        the parliaments of Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, France, 
        Ireland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom, 
        respectively.
            (17) On March 12, 2026, China's National People's Congress 
        adopted the Law on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress, which 
        mandates Mandarin instruction for minority children beginning 
        in preschool and subjects all ethnic affairs to party 
        authority, systematically eroding the linguistic and cultural 
        identity of Uyghurs and other minority groups.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of the PRC should--
                    (A) recognize, and take tangible steps to protect 
                and preserve, the distinct ethnic, cultural, religious, 
                and linguistic identity of Uyghurs and members of other 
                ethnic and religious minority groups in the XUAR;
                    (B) immediately cease all government-sponsored 
                crackdowns, imprisonments, and detentions of people 
                throughout the XUAR aimed at repressing their ethnic, 
                cultural, political, or religious identities; and
                    (C) cease all government-sponsored transnational 
                repression of Uyghurs, including the detainment, 
                harassment, intimidation, and surveillance of the 
                family members of exiled Uyghurs and members of other 
                ethnic and minority groups in the XUAR;
            (2) the Government of the PRC should immediately open the 
        XUAR to regular, transparent, and unmanipulated visits by--
                    (A) members of the press;
                    (B) international organizations;
                    (C) academic and research institutions focused on 
                internationally recognized human rights; and
                    (D) foreign delegations, including delegations from 
                the United States;
            (3) it is commendable that countries, including Germany, 
        the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, Japan, and Turkiye, among 
        others, have provided shelter and hospitality to Uyghurs and 
        other ethnic and religious minority group members in exile from 
        the PRC;
            (4) the Government of the PRC should immediately grant 
        unconditional release of all prisoners that have been detained 
        for their ethnic, cultural, religious, and linguistic 
        identities, for expressing their political or religious beliefs 
        in the XUAR, or for being related to members of the Uyghur 
        diaspora or activist community, including--
                    (A) Ekpar Asat, who participated in the Department 
                of State's International Visitors Leadership Program in 
                2016, was incarcerated after returning to the XUAR, and 
                is now serving a 15-year prison sentence on charges of 
                ``inciting ethnic hatred and ethnic discrimination'';
                    (B) Dr. Gulshan Abbas, a Uyghur retired medical 
                doctor who was unjustly detained in the XUAR on 
                September 11, 2018, and unfairly sentenced to 20 years 
                in prison in retaliation for her United States citizens 
                sister's advocacy for Uyghurs;
                    (C) Illham Tohti, a Uyghur economics professor who 
                advocated for improving Uyghur-Han relations and 
                improving the implementation of regional autonomy laws 
                in the PRC, was detained on January 15, 2014, and 
                sentenced to life in prison on charges of 
                ``separatism''; and
                    (D) Rahile Dawut, a professor who researched Uyghur 
                folklore and traditions and was detained in 2017 and 
                sentenced to life in prison on charges of ``splittism'' 
                and ``endangering State security'';
            (5) the Government of the PRC should facilitate 
        comprehensive access for international organizations, to 
        ``vocational education and training'' centers, prisons, and 
        factories in the XUAR; and
            (6) the Department of State should continue to facilitate 
        the unhindered dissemination of information to the 
        international community regarding the status of internationally 
        recognized human rights, religious freedom, and transnational 
        repression of Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and religious 
        minority groups in the XUAR.

SEC. 4. UNITED STATES STRENGTHENING OF COORDINATION ON UYGHUR ISSUES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State should, as appropriate--
            (1) prioritize policies, programs, and projects, in 
        coordination with other relevant agencies, to support Uyghurs 
        and members of other ethnic and religious minority groups in 
        the XUAR;
            (2) vigorously promote policies to protect the distinct 
        ethnic, religious, cultural, and linguistic identities of the 
        Uyghurs and other minority groups;
            (3) maintain close contact with Uyghur religious, cultural, 
        and political leaders, including by seeking regular travel to 
        the XUAR and visiting Uyghur diaspora communities around the 
        world;
            (4) advocate for the release of political prisoners in the 
        XUAR who were detained for exercising their internationally 
        recognized human rights to put pressure on exiled Uyghurs;
            (5) regularly consult with Congress regarding policies 
        relevant to the XUAR and the Uyghurs;
            (6) engage with counterparts in Europe, Central Asia, and 
        member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation--
                    (A) to promote internationally recognized human 
                rights and religious freedom for Uyghurs and other 
                ethnic and religious minority groups in the XUAR; and
                    (B) to develop and implement joint initiatives and 
                programs aimed at promoting awareness and supporting 
                Uyghur victims of detention, harassment, and 
                transnational repression;
            (7) develop a strategy to work with foreign partners to 
        pressure the Government of the PRC--
                    (A) to close all detention facilities and 
                ``vocational education and training'' camps housing 
                Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and religious 
                minority groups in the XUAR;
                    (B) to allow unhindered access to detention 
                facilities and ``vocational education and training'' 
                camps in the XUAR by independent media, researchers, 
                and international organizations for a comprehensive 
                assessment; and
                    (C) to protect internationally recognized human 
                rights and preserve the distinct religious and cultural 
                identity of the Uyghurs and other religious and ethnic 
                minority communities in the XUAR;
            (8) work with international partners--
                    (A) to raise awareness regarding transnational 
                repression of Uyghur Americans or Uyghurs who are 
                living in exile in the United States; and
                    (B) to develop and implement strategies to prevent 
                and respond to such transnational repression; and
            (9) establish a mechanism for individuals to report 
        incidents of transnational repression against Uyghurs and other 
        ethnic and religious minority groups with ties to the XUAR.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 3 
years, the Secretary of State shall submit a report to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives, with a classified annex, if necessary, 
that--
            (1) lists the actions described in subsection (a) that were 
        taken by the Secretary during the reporting period, including 
        programs and engagements with foreign governments;
            (2) describes actions taken by the United States Government 
        to address and prevent transnational repression against Uyghurs 
        in the United States; and
            (3) includes recommendations for further legislative or 
        policy measures in support of the internationally recognized 
        human rights of Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious minority 
        groups from the XUAR.
    (c) Sunset.--The requirements under this section shall cease to 
have any force or effect beginning on the date that is 5 years after 
the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 5. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS AUTHORIZED.

    No additional funds are authorized to carry out the requirements 
under this Act. Such requirements shall be carried out using amounts 
otherwise authorized for similar purposes.

SEC. 6. REQUIREMENT FOR UYGHUR LANGUAGE TRAINING.

    (a) Uyghur Language Training and Staffing.--The Secretary of State 
may take such steps as may be necessary to ensure that--
            (1) Uyghur language training is available to Foreign 
        Service officers; and
            (2) efforts are made to ensure that at least 1 Uyghur-
        speaking member of the Service (as defined in section 103 of 
        the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3903)) is assigned 
        to--
                    (A) one United States diplomatic or consular post 
                in the People's Republic of China; and
                    (B) one United States diplomatic or consular post 
                in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyszstan, or Turkiye.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Foreign Service Institute shall submit a report to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that outlines all of 
the steps that have been taken to implement subsection (a).

SEC. 7. UYGHUR CONSIDERATIONS AT THE UNITED NATIONS.

    The President shall direct the United States Permanent 
Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and 
influence of the United States at every United States multilateral 
mission--
            (1) to oppose any efforts to prevent consideration of the 
        gross violation of internationally recognized human rights in 
        the XUAR in any body of the United Nations;
            (2) to oppose any actions to prevent the participation of 
        advocates for internationally recognized human rights of 
        Uyghurs in nongovernmental fora hosted by, or otherwise 
        organized under the auspices of, any body of the United 
        Nations; and
            (3) to support the creation or appointment of a special 
        rapporteur for the XUAR for the purposes of--
                    (A) monitoring violations and abuses of 
                internationally recognized human rights in the XUAR; 
                and
                    (B) making reports containing information about 
                such violations and abuses available to the General 
                Assembly of the United Nations and other United Nations 
                affiliated agencies, bodies, entities, and member 
                states.
                                                       Calendar No. 496

119th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 1542

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 To support the human rights of Uyghurs and members of other minority 
groups residing primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, to 
       safeguard their distinct identity, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                             July 27, 2026

                       Reported with an amendment