[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9780 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 9780

    To direct the Secretary of Defense to meet certain requirements 
   relating to the divestment, preservation, and inventories of A-10 
                   aircraft, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             July 20, 2026

 Mr. Hamadeh of Arizona (for himself, Mr. Davis of North Carolina, Mr. 
  McCormick, Mr. Van Orden, Mr. Graves, and Mr. Mills) introduced the 
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Armed Services, 
and in addition to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To direct the Secretary of Defense to meet certain requirements 
   relating to the divestment, preservation, and inventories of A-10 
                   aircraft, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``BRRRRT Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO DIVESTMENT, PRESERVATION, AND 
              INVENTORIES OF A-10 AIRCRAFT.

    (a) Limitation on Divestment of A-10 Aircraft.--
            (1) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be 
        appropriated or otherwise made available for any of fiscal 
        years 2027 through 2033 for the Department of Defense may be 
        obligated or expended to retire, divest, or place in storage 
        any A-10 aircraft in a manner that would reduce the total A-10 
        inventory, including combat-coded, training-coded, test-coded, 
        and backup aircraft, below the level necessary to sustain 
        operational employment, pilot production, operational test, and 
        demonstration requirements through fiscal year 2033.
            (2) Minimum inventory requirement and fleet composition.--
                    (A) In general.--In fiscal year 2027 and each 
                subsequent fiscal year, the Secretary of the Air Force 
                shall maintain in the inventory of the Air Force the 
                greater of--
                            (i) 126 A-10 aircraft; or
                            (ii) such higher number of A-10 aircraft as 
                        the Secretary determines appropriate.
                    (B) Fleet composition.--The A-10 aircraft fleet, as 
                described in subparagraph (A), shall consist of not 
                fewer than--
                            (i) four active units operating under a 
                        designed operational capability statement and 
                        Ready Aircrew Program tasking memorandum in 
                        which close air support, forward air 
                        controller-airborne, and combat search and 
                        rescue support, including the Sandy mission, 
                        are primary missions; or
                            (ii) five units drawn from the active duty, 
                        Air National Guard, or Air Force Reserve 
                        operating under designed operational capability 
                        statements and Ready Aircrew Program tasking 
                        memorandums in which close air support, forward 
                        air controller-airborne, and combat search and 
                        rescue support, including the Sandy mission, 
                        are primary missions.
            (3) Prohibition on presumptive reductions.--None of the 
        funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise 
        made available for fiscal year 2027 or any subsequent fiscal 
        year for the Department of Defense may be obligated or expended 
        to reduce, eliminate, deactivate, or fail to restore unit 
        personnel, pilot training capacity, operational test capacity, 
        depot maintenance capacity, or weapon system sustainment 
        activities for A-10 aircraft in a manner that presumes future 
        congressional authority to divest such aircraft.
            (4) Reconstitution of previously reduced capacity.--With 
        respect to any instance occurring after October 1, 2025, and 
        before the date of the enactment of this Act, in which the 
        Department of the Air Force reduced, eliminated, deactivated, 
        or transferred depot maintenance capacity, sustainment 
        functions, training functions, or operational test functions 
        for the A-10 fleet in anticipation of divestment or planned 
        retirement of such aircraft, the Secretary of the Air Force 
        shall, not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the congressional defense committees a 
        plan to restore or reconstitute sufficient capacity to carry 
        out this section and maintain the operational viability of the 
        A-10 fleet through fiscal year 2033.
    (b) Certification of Fully Capable Replacement Before Further 
Divestment of A-10 Aircraft.--
            (1) Certification required.--The Secretary of Defense may 
        waive one or more of the requirements under subsection (a) with 
        respect to a fiscal year only if the Secretary certifies to the 
        congressional defense committees that a fully capable 
        replacement for the A-10 aircraft fleet has achieved full 
        operational capability.
            (2) Elements.--The certification required under subsection 
        (a) shall include the following:
                    (A) A determination that the replacement aircraft 
                or combination of systems--
                            (i) is operationally fielded and available 
                        for tasking;
                            (ii) includes the qualified pilots, 
                        maintainers, and support personnel necessary to 
                        perform the missions currently assigned to the 
                        A-10 fleet and to satisfy the requirements of 
                        clauses (iv) and (v);
                            (iii) includes the training, sustainment, 
                        depot, and infrastructure capacity necessary to 
                        support continued operations;
                            (iv) is capable of performing combat search 
                        and rescue support, including the Sandy mission 
                        and Rescue Mission Commander role, forward air 
                        controller-airborne, close air support, 
                        personnel recovery support, and armed overwatch 
                        at a level necessary to satisfy the documented 
                        requirements of supported forces in operational 
                        plans, taskings, and the concurrence required 
                        under subparagraph (E); and
                            (v) has demonstrated the ability to provide 
                        persistent armed overwatch, air-ground 
                        integration, and survivability characteristics 
                        appropriate to the missions for which the A-10 
                        is currently employed.
                    (B) A detailed crosswalk identifying the specific 
                aircraft, systems, units, or combinations thereof that 
                the Secretary of Defense determines will replace the 
                principal operational effects historically provided by 
                the A-10 fleet. The crosswalk shall address, at a 
                minimum--
                            (i) combat search and rescue support, 
                        including the Sandy mission and Rescue Mission 
                        Commander role;
                            (ii) forward air controller-airborne 
                        functions;
                            (iii) close air support persistence and 
                        responsiveness for forces in contact;
                            (iv) armed overwatch and air-ground 
                        integration in dynamic land and maritime 
                        targeting environments;
                            (v) survivability and mission effectiveness 
                        in the operational environments for which the 
                        A-10 is currently employed; and
                            (vi) the training, sustainment, and manning 
                        structure necessary to generate and employ such 
                        replacement capability.
                    (C) A cost-comparison and mission demand analysis 
                that weighs the cost per operational hour and demands 
                on other airframes and personnel to fill the A-10 
                mission set versus such costs and demands assuming the 
                continued employment of A-10 aircraft.
                    (D) An outline of the steps and timeline for the 
                hand-off of A-10 missions and any plans to create, 
                adapt, and train on those missions and close air 
                support, combat search and rescue, and rescue mission 
                commander functions and doctrines.
                    (E) The written concurrence of--
                            (i) the Secretary of the Army, with respect 
                        to whether the replacement aircraft or 
                        combination of systems is sufficient to meet 
                        the Army's requirements for the A-10 mission 
                        set;
                            (ii) the Secretary of the Navy, acting 
                        through the Commandant of the Marine Corps, 
                        with respect to whether the replacement 
                        aircraft or combination of systems is 
                        sufficient to meet the Marine Corps 
                        requirements for the A-10 mission set, 
                        including tactical recovery of aircraft and 
                        personnel requirements; and
                            (iii) the Commander of United States 
                        Special Operations Command, with respect to 
                        whether the replacement aircraft or combination 
                        of systems is sufficient to support special 
                        operations requirements for the A-10 mission 
                        set.
                    (F) From each official specified in subparagraph 
                (E), a written determination as to whether the 
                replacement aircraft or combination of systems is 
                sufficient to support combat search and rescue support, 
                including the Sandy mission and Rescue Mission 
                Commander role, where applicable to the supported 
                force.
            (3) Treatment of replaced missions.--For purposes of 
        paragraph (2), a mission may not be treated as replaced merely 
        because it is listed as a secondary, collateral, or additional 
        mission of a platform or unit whose designed operational 
        capability statement or Ready Aircrew Program tasking 
        memorandum is principally oriented toward a primary mission.
            (4) Briefing.--Not later than 30 days before submitting a 
        certification under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense 
        shall provide to the congressional defense committees a 
        briefing on the basis and findings of such certification.
    (c) Preservation of Certain Retired A-10 Aircraft for 
Recoverability, Contingency Use, and Potential Foreign Military 
Transfer.--
            (1) Preservation requirement.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (6), the Secretary of the Air Force shall preserve 
        each covered A-10 aircraft retired during or after fiscal year 
        2027 in a condition that enables such aircraft to be 
        reconstituted for operational use, contingency use, training, 
        testing, heritage demonstration, or transfer to an eligible 
        foreign partner.
            (2) Minimum preservation standard.--The Secretary of the 
        Air Force shall ensure that each covered A-10 aircraft 
        preserved under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) is maintained in a recoverable storage 
                condition;
                    (B) retains all major systems, mission equipment, 
                and structural components necessary to permit return to 
                service, reconstitution for training or operational 
                use, or preparation for transfer to an eligible foreign 
                partner;
                    (C) is not demilitarized, mutilated, or otherwise 
                altered in a manner that would unreasonably impair its 
                recoverability or future transferability;
                    (D) retains, to the maximum extent practicable, 
                records relating to flying hours, service life 
                consumption, structural condition, modifications, 
                maintenance history, and combat or operational use; and
                    (E) remains identifiable by tail number and 
                preservation status in the inventory and storage 
                records of the Department of the Air Force.
            (3) Prohibition on cannibalization and parting out.--Except 
        as provided in paragraph (6), no covered A-10 aircraft 
        preserved under this subsection may be cannibalized, parted 
        out, or used as a source of spare parts if such aircraft--
                    (A) has received wing replacement or service-life 
                extension modifications;
                    (B) retains projected flying hours exceeding the 
                threshold specified in paragraph (9)(B); or
                    (C) has been identified by the Secretary of the Air 
                Force as a viable candidate for reconstitution, 
                contingency activation, foreign military sale, foreign 
                military financing-supported transfer, or other 
                security cooperation purpose.
            (4) Limitation on final induction or irreversible 
        processing pending roadmap.--
                    (A) In general.--Until the date on which the 
                Secretary of the Air Force submits to the congressional 
                defense committees a roadmap for the sustainment of the 
                A-10 aircraft fleet and related capabilities, none of 
                the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise 
                made available for any of fiscal years 2027 through 
                2033 for the Department of Defense may be obligated or 
                expended--
                            (i) to place any retired or retiring A-10 
                        aircraft into a storage, reclamation, excess, 
                        or disposal status at the 309th Aerospace 
                        Maintenance and Regeneration Group in a manner 
                        that would materially impair the 
                        recoverability, reconstitution, training use, 
                        testing use, heritage demonstration use, or 
                        potential foreign transfer of such aircraft, 
                        including placement into any category of 
                        storage or processing that is equivalent in 
                        effect to nonrecoverable reclamation, excess 
                        disposal, or broad parts-harvest status; or
                            (ii) to take any other covered action with 
                        respect to an A-10 aircraft.
                    (B) Covered actions.--For purposes of subparagraph 
                (A), a covered action includes--
                            (i) categorization of an A-10 aircraft in a 
                        manner equivalent to parts reclamation or 
                        excess disposal status;
                            (ii) downgrading an A-10 aircraft from a 
                        recoverable or inviolate storage status;
                            (iii) demilitarization, mutilation, or 
                        cannibalization of an A-10 aircraft;
                            (iv) removal of major systems, mission 
                        equipment, structural components, or other 
                        items in a manner that would materially reduce 
                        the future utility of the aircraft; or
                            (v) any other induction, storage, or 
                        processing decision that presumes disposal, 
                        reclamation, or nonrecoverable status before 
                        completion of the roadmap required under 
                        subparagraph (A).
                    (C) Temporary custody and recoverable storage 
                pending roadmap.--Nothing in this paragraph shall be 
                construed to prohibit temporary custody, movement, 
                inspection, preservation, or placement of an A-10 
                aircraft into a recoverable storage condition pending 
                submission of the roadmap required under subparagraph 
                (A). During the period described in such subparagraph, 
                any A-10 aircraft transferred to the 309th Aerospace 
                Maintenance and Regeneration Group shall, to the 
                maximum extent practicable, be maintained only in a 
                recoverable storage status and may not be processed 
                into a reclamation or excess disposal status.
                    (D) Roadmap.--The roadmap required under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include, at a minimum, a 
                contingency plan for keeping the total A-10 inventory 
                at the level necessary to sustain operational 
                employment, pilot production, operational test, and 
                demonstration requirements through fiscal year 2037. 
                Such plan shall include--
                            (i) identified decision points; and
                            (ii) an assessment of the cost and 
                        reconstitution impacts that would result if the 
                        Secretary of the Air Force retroactively 
                        decided to reconstitute and sustain the A-10 
                        aircraft mission following its termination.
            (5) Priority for arizona storage and recoverability.--To 
        the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary of the Air Force 
        shall preserve covered A-10 aircraft required to be retained 
        under this section at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, or 
        at another facility capable of maintaining such aircraft in 
        recoverable storage status.
            (6) Exception.--The Secretary of the Air Force may waive 
        the requirements of paragraphs (1) through (5) with respect to 
        a specific covered A-10 aircraft only if the Secretary 
        certifies in writing to the congressional defense committees 
        that--
                    (A) the aircraft is no longer airworthy or 
                structurally viable for economical recovery, training 
                use, testing use, heritage use, or foreign transfer;
                    (B) the aircraft is not reasonably required for 
                contingency reserve capacity, training support, 
                operational testing, heritage demonstration, or 
                security cooperation purposes; and
                    (C) disposal or cannibalization of the aircraft 
                will not materially reduce the Department's ability to 
                reconstitute A-10 capacity, preserve representative 
                aircraft with significant remaining service life, or 
                support a potential foreign military transfer or sale.
            (7) Reports.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 
        September 30, 2033, the Secretary of the Air Force shall submit 
        to the congressional defense committees a report on covered A-
        10 aircraft. Each report shall include--
                    (A) the number of aircraft retired, stored, 
                preserved, cannibalized, transferred, or disposed of 
                during the preceding year;
                    (B) the number of preserved aircraft that received 
                wing replacement or wing upgrade modifications;
                    (C) the projected remaining flying hours of each 
                preserved aircraft, or by category if necessary for 
                security or administrative reasons;
                    (D) the status of preservation and recoverability 
                actions for each such aircraft;
                    (E) any aircraft assessed as viable candidates for 
                foreign military sale, transfer, training use, 
                operational test use, or contingency activation;
                    (F) any waiver exercised under paragraph (6), 
                including the justification for such waiver;
                    (G) the tail numbers, current location, and current 
                storage or preservation status of all A-10 aircraft 
                that, as of the date of the enactment of this Act, are 
                retired, retiring, transferred to, or pending transfer 
                to the 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration 
                Group;
                    (H) identification of which such aircraft have 
                received wing replacement or wing upgrade 
                modifications;
                    (I) identification of which such aircraft are 
                assessed as retaining projected flying hours exceeding 
                the threshold specified in paragraph (9)(B); and
                    (J) identification of which such aircraft are 
                assessed as viable candidates for reconstitution, 
                contingency activation, training use, test use, 
                heritage demonstration, or foreign military sale or 
                transfer.
            (8) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to require the Secretary of the Air Force to 
        return any aircraft to active service or to transfer any 
        aircraft to a foreign country in violation of other applicable 
        provisions of law, export control requirements, end-use 
        monitoring requirements, or national security considerations.
            (9) Covered a-10 aircraft defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``covered A-10 aircraft'' means an A-10 aircraft that, as 
        of the date on which the aircraft is proposed for retirement, 
        transfer, or placement into storage--
                    (A) has received wing replacement or wing upgrade 
                modifications intended to extend the service life of 
                the aircraft;
                    (B) retains not fewer than 1,500 projected flying 
                hours of remaining service life, as determined by the 
                Secretary of the Air Force using the most current 
                structural and airworthiness data available; or
                    (C) is assessed by the Secretary of the Air Force, 
                in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, as a 
                viable candidate for reconstitution, contingency 
                activation, security cooperation use, foreign military 
                sale, or transfer under the Arms Export Control Act or 
                any other provision of law.

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO SUSTAINMENT OF A-10 AIRCRAFT AND 
              RELATED TRAINING.

    (a) Limitations on Availability of Funds.--
            (1) Limitation on divestment activities.--Not more than 85 
        percent of the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise 
        made available for any of fiscal year 2027 through 2033 for the 
        Department of Defense for covered divestment activities with 
        respect to the A-10 fleet may be obligated or expended to carry 
        out such an activity until the Secretary of the Air Force 
        submits to the congressional defense committees--
                    (A) the roadmap required under subsection (d); and
                    (B) a certification that such roadmap addresses 
                each requirement under subsection (b).
            (2) Limitation on training transition from davis-monthan 
        air force base.--None of the funds authorized to be 
        appropriated or otherwise made available for any of fiscal 
        years 2027 through 2033 for the Department of Defense may be 
        obligated or expended to transition covered training functions 
        at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, to another military 
        installation unless the Secretary of the Air Force submits to 
        the congressional defense committees a certification that--
                    (A) continuation of such functions at Davis-Monthan 
                Air Force Base is not feasible without carrying out a 
                major military construction project; and
                    (B) the transition of such functions to such other 
                military installation would not materially increase 
                costs, delay operational availability, reduce local 
                access to qualified personnel, degrade training 
                quality, or result in the violation of any requirement 
                under subsection (b).
            (3) Limitation on reduction of functions at nellis air 
        force base.--None of the funds authorized to be appropriated or 
        otherwise made available for any of fiscal years 2027 through 
        2033 for the Department of Defense may be obligated or expended 
        to reduce, eliminate, deactivate, transfer, or fail to restore 
        the weapons instructor course for A-10 aircraft offered through 
        the United States Air Force Weapons School located at Nellis 
        Air Force Base, Nevada, or any such successor course, in a 
        manner that presumes future congressional authority to divest 
        the A-10 fleet.
    (b) Sustainment Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of the Air Force shall 
        maintain sufficient training capacity, development, test, and 
        evaluation capacity, depot-level maintenance and repair 
        capacity, supply, logistics, and contractor capacity, and other 
        sustainment-related capacity to ensure the A-10 fleet remains 
        operationally viable through fiscal year 2033 (in this section, 
        referred to as the ``covered period''), including with respect 
        to each mission and capability of such fleet as of the date of 
        the enactment of this Act (including combat search and rescue 
        missions).
            (2) Certain minimum requirements.--The capacity required 
        under paragraph (1) shall include, at a minimum, the following:
                    (A) A requirement that, on an annual basis during 
                the covered period, not fewer than 14 pilots receive 
                the qualifications, or requalifications, necessary for 
                the operation of A-10 aircraft.
                    (B) A requirement that, on an annual basis during 
                the covered period, not fewer than four officers 
                receive advanced instructor qualifications, or 
                requalifications, through the weapons instructor course 
                for A-10 aircraft offered through the United States Air 
                Force Weapons School.
                    (C) A requirement that, for the duration of the 
                covered period, the Secretary maintains a fighter pilot 
                specialty community with respect to the A-10 mission 
                set, including the Air Force Specialty Code 11F3B (or 
                any successor specialty code or designation), in a 
                manner that establishes the A-10 mission set as a 
                primary area of pilot training, operational experience, 
                and career development rather than a secondary or 
                collateral area.
            (3) Preservation of functions at nellis air force base.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, maintain at Nellis Air Force Base, 
        Nevada, the weapons instructor course for A-10 aircraft offered 
        through the United States Air Force Weapons School and 
        associated support functions, including access to ramp space, 
        hangars, office space, simulator or mission-planning 
        facilities, ranges, and other relevant infrastructure as 
        necessary to meet the requirement under paragraph (1).
            (4) Preservation of functions at davis-monthan air force 
        base.--In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall, to 
        the maximum extent practicable, maintain at Davis-Monthan Air 
        Force Base, Arizona, the core ground-based training system, 
        simulators, and other training infrastructure necessary for 
        pilots to receive qualification or requalification for the 
        operation of A-10 aircraft as necessary to meet the requirement 
        under paragraph (1).
            (5) Formal training unit.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall maintain a formal training unit of the Air 
        Force for providing to pilots the qualifications necessary for 
        the operation of A-10 aircraft, and a process for the 
        requalification of pilots formerly so qualified.
            (6) Use of existing or repurposed infrastructure.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall seek to use 
        existing or repurposed facilities, hangars, ramp space, and 
        other support infrastructure for the purpose of meeting the 
        requirement under paragraph (1) and may not initiate any new 
        military construction project for such purpose unless the 
        Secretary certifies to the congressional defense committees 
        that--
                    (A) existing or repurposed facilities are 
                insufficient for such purpose;
                    (B) the proposed military construction project is 
                the minimum cost necessary to meet such requirement; 
                and
                    (C) the proposed military construction project will 
                not materially interfere with the beddown and mission 
                requirements of the 492d Special Operations Wing at 
                Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona.
            (7) Budget materials.--Concurrent with the submission to 
        Congress of a budget pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, 
        United States Code, for each of fiscal years 2028 through 2033, 
        the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional 
        defense committees a report on the amounts necessary to 
        implement this subsection.
    (c) Annual Report on A-10 Sustainment.--
            (1) Annual report.--Not later than March 1, 2027, and 
        annually thereafter until March 1, 2034, the Secretary of the 
        Air Force shall submit to the congressional defense committees 
        a report describing the extent to which the Department of the 
        Air Force met the requirements under subsection (b) during the 
        preceding fiscal year.
            (2) Elements.--Each report required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include, at a minimum, the following:
                    (A) An identification of the number of pilots that 
                received the qualifications necessary for the operation 
                of A-10 aircraft during the preceding fiscal year, 
                disaggregated by whether such qualifications were an 
                initial qualification or a requalification.
                    (B) An identification of the number of officers 
                that received advanced instructor qualifications 
                through the weapons instructor course for A-10 aircraft 
                offered through the United States Air Force Weapons 
                School, disaggregated by whether such qualifications 
                were an initial qualification or a requalification.
                    (C) A description of the status of actions taken to 
                meet the requirement under subsection (b)(5) during the 
                preceding fiscal year, and any related instructor 
                shortfalls.
                    (D) A description of the status of operational test 
                and evaluation capacity with respect to the A-10 fleet, 
                including major limitations affecting airworthiness, 
                weapons integration, tactics development, or mission 
                effectiveness.
                    (E) A comparative analysis of research, 
                development, test, and evaluation funding and 
                resourcing for the A-10 fleet during the preceding 10 
                fiscal years, including an identification of--
                            (i) any major test, evaluation, 
                        modernization, or capability-integration 
                        efforts that were delayed, denied, cancelled, 
                        or not pursued;
                            (ii) the stated basis for each such 
                        decision; and
                            (iii) an assessment of whether 
                        developmental or operational test capacity was 
                        materially constrained by underfunding, 
                        understaffing, or the rejection of otherwise 
                        feasible low-cost or no-additional-cost 
                        efforts.
                    (F) The status of programmed depot-level 
                maintenance and repair with respect to A-10 aircraft or 
                related infrastructure, and any resulting effect on the 
                ability of the Department to meet the requirements 
                under subsection (b).
                    (G) The status of logistics, supply, contractor 
                maintenance, and other sustainment functions for the A-
                10 fleet, and any resulting effect on the ability of 
                the Department to meet the requirements under 
                subsection (b).
                    (H) An assessment as to whether the Department met 
                the requirements under subsection (b) during the 
                preceding fiscal year.
                    (I) A description of any shortfall, delay, or other 
                deviation resulting in a failure to meet any such 
                requirement, including any corrective action planned or 
                underway.
    (d) Roadmap for A-10 Fleet Sustainment.--
            (1) Roadmap required.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air 
        Force shall submit to the congressional defense committees a 
        roadmap setting forth--
                    (A) proposed actions to meet each requirement under 
                subsection (b); and
                    (B) a contingency plan for the sustainment of the 
                A-10 fleet through fiscal year 2037, including an 
                identification of decision points relating to such 
                extended sustainment and an assessment of related costs 
                and reconstitution effects.
            (2) Briefing.--Not later than 15 days after the date of the 
        submission of the roadmap under paragraph (1), the Secretary of 
        the Air Force shall provide to the congressional defense 
        committees a briefing on such roadmap and any anticipated 
        material shortfall in meeting a requirement under subsection 
        (b).
            (3) Annual updates.--Not later than one year after the date 
        of the submission of the roadmap under paragraph (1), and 
        annually thereafter until September 30, 2033, the Secretary of 
        the Air Force shall submit to the congressional defense 
        committees a written update to such roadmap.
            (4) GAO review.--If the Secretary of the Air Force does not 
        submit to the congressional defense committees the roadmap 
        required under paragraph (1) by the deadline specified in such 
        paragraph, the Comptroller General of the United States shall--
                    (A) conduct a review of the compliance with this 
                section by the Department; and
                    (B) not later than 120 days after such review is 
                complete, submit to the congressional defense 
                committees a report containing the results of such 
                review.
    (e) Program To Preserve Knowledge and History Relating to A-10 
Aircraft.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of the Air Force shall 
        establish a program to preserve technical and historical 
        knowledge relating to the operation and sustainment of the A-10 
        fleet.
            (2) Lead entity.--The Director of the Air Force Historical 
        Research Agency shall serve as the lead entity carrying out the 
        program under paragraph (1), in coordination with the Commander 
        of the Air Combat Command, the head of the National Museum of 
        the United States Air Force, and such other organizations of 
        the Department of the Air Force as the Secretary of the Air 
        Force determines appropriate.
            (3) Required activities.--The program established under 
        paragraph (1) shall include, at a minimum the following 
        activities:
                    (A) The collection of oral histories relating to 
                the A-10 fleet from pilots, advanced instructor-
                qualified aircrew, maintainers, joint terminal attack 
                controllers, and other personnel involved in the 
                operation (including operational support for combat 
                search and rescue missions) or sustainment of aircraft 
                within such fleet.
                    (B) The collection and preservation of records 
                associated with the A-10 fleet, including technical 
                data, operational tactics, weapons integration records, 
                upgrade and modification history, and records relating 
                to the sustainment of aircraft within such fleet.
                    (C) The digital archiving of materials collected 
                under subparagraphs (A) and (B) in a searchable 
                repository accessible to appropriate users within the 
                Department of Defense.
                    (D) The identification of lessons learned pursuant 
                to the materials so collected.
                    (E) The development of recommendations for 
                collecting, preserving, and transferring knowledge 
                relating to the A-10 fleet with respect to design, 
                doctrine, training, and sustainment activities relating 
                to successor aircraft.
            (4) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force shall 
        submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
        containing a summary of--
                    (A) the activities carried out under the program 
                established under paragraph (1);
                    (B) the status of the archive established pursuant 
                to paragraph (3)(C); and
                    (C) the principal lessons learned identified 
                pursuant to paragraph (3)(D).
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) The term ``covered divestment activity'', with respect 
        to the A-10 fleet, means any activity to transition, replace, 
        retire, deactivate, or otherwise reduce such fleet or the 
        capabilities thereof, including with respect to training, 
        personnel, and resources for the sustainment and operation of 
        such fleet, below the levels required under subsection (b).
            (2) The term ``covered training functions'' means functions 
        that comprise the primary source of providing to pilots and 
        other aircrew the training and qualifications necessary for the 
        operation of A-10 aircraft.
            (3) The term ``depot-level maintenance and repair'' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 2460 of title 10, United 
        States Code.
            (4) The term ``military construction project'' and 
        ``military installation'' have the meanings given such terms in 
        section 2801 of title 10, United States Code.

SEC. 4. RECONSTITUTION OF A-10 DEMONSTRATION TEAM.

    (a) Reconstitution Required.--The Secretary of the Air Force shall 
reconstitute and operate an A-10 demonstration team to support public 
outreach, recruiting, heritage, and official commemorative events 
associated with the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United 
States.
    (b) Purpose.--The demonstration team reconstituted and operated 
under subsection (a) shall--
            (1) honor the combat legacy and service history of the A-10 
        Thunderbolt II;
            (2) promote pride in American airpower and the service of 
        the men and women of the United States Air Force;
            (3) support appropriate public events, airshows, military 
        ceremonies, and official anniversary observances connected to 
        the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States; and
            (4) preserve and showcase the heritage of the A-10 
        community and the A-10 mission set.
    (c) Team Composition.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall designate such aircraft, aircrew, maintainers, support personnel, 
and associated equipment as the Secretary determines necessary to 
establish and operate the demonstration team.
    (d) Limitation.--Aircraft designated for the demonstration team 
under this section--
            (1) shall be drawn from A-10 aircraft otherwise retained in 
        the inventory of the Air Force; and
            (2) may not be retired, divested, or transferred solely on 
        the basis of designation for demonstration purposes during the 
        period in which the team operates.
    (e) Briefing.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force shall provide to 
the congressional defense committees a briefing on the implementation 
of this section. Such briefing shall include--
            (1) the number of aircraft to be assigned to the 
        demonstration team;
            (2) the expected cost and source of funds for such team;
            (3) the anticipated schedule of appearances and 
        commemorative events;
            (4) the basing location of the team;
            (5) any safety, maintenance, and sustainment requirements 
        associated with operation of the team; and
            (6) an assessment of the feasibility and advisability of 
        rebasing the demonstration team at Davis-Monthan Air Force 
        Base, Arizona.
    (f) Termination.--The authority to operate a demonstration team 
under this section shall terminate on September 30, 2033.

SEC. 5. PLAN FOR COMPETITIVE EXPERIMENTATION RELATING TO AUTONOMOUS AND 
              NONTRADITIONAL CAPABILITIES RELEVANT TO THE A-10 MISSION 
              SET.

    (a) Plan Required.--The Secretary of the Air Force shall develop a 
plan to carry out competitive experimentation, prototyping, and 
operational assessment of autonomous, semi-autonomous, artificial 
intelligence-enabled, and adjunct aircraft capabilities relevant to the 
A-10 mission set.
    (b) Elements.--The plan under subsection (a) shall include the 
following:
            (1) Appropriate opportunities for participation by 
        nontraditional defense contractors, commercial technology 
        firms, venture-backed defense firms, and other private-sector 
        entities capable of rapidly developing relevant hardware, 
        software, autonomy, sensing, communications, or mission system 
        capabilities.
            (2) Measures to ensure operational experimentation is 
        conducted in a manner consistent with meaningful human command 
        and control, by a qualified military aviator, over mission-
        critical functions, including target engagement, weapons 
        release, mission abort, and such other functions as the 
        Secretary of the Air Force determines appropriate.
            (3) An estimated annual budget for implementing the plan.
            (4) Consideration of how to make available to a qualified 
        United States entity a limited number of A-10 aircraft, 
        components, or associated support equipment for the sole 
        purpose of research, development, test, and evaluation 
        activities relevant to the A-10 mission set, autonomous or 
        semi-autonomous aircraft integration, mission systems 
        development, digital battlefield communications, or other 
        related capabilities.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Air Force shall submit to 
the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of 
Representatives a report on the plan developed under subsection (a).
    (d) Qualified United States Entity.--In this section, the term 
``qualified United States entity'' means--
            (1) a nontraditional defense contractor;
            (2) a traditional defense contractor;
            (3) a federally funded research and development center;
            (4) a university-affiliated research center; or
            (5) another domestic entity the Secretary determines is 
        capable of carrying out the activities described in subsection 
        (a) in a manner consistent with national security and public 
        safety.

SEC. 6. REPORT ON A-10 COMBAT LEGACY, CURRENT OPERATIONAL USE, AND 
              MODERNIZATION OUTLOOK.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The combat record of the A-10 aircraft from Operation 
        Desert Storm through current operations, including recent 
        support to the recovery of downed aircrew in Operation Epic 
        Fury, and the continued relevance of lessons derived from close 
        air support, armed overwatch, air-ground integration, combat 
        search and rescue support, and operations to secure key 
        maritime approaches, including the Strait of Hormuz.
            (2) It is important to preserve operational knowledge 
        resident in the A-10 enterprise and applying such knowledge to 
        future force design, doctrine, training, capability 
        development, and incremental modernization efforts that may 
        improve the operational return on continued sustainment of the 
        A-10 program.
    (b) Report.--Not later than January 15, 2027, the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of the Air Force, and the 
Commander, Air Combat Command, and the Commander, U.S. Central Command, 
shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and 
House of Representatives a report on the combat employment of the A-10 
aircraft from Operation Desert Storm through current operations, 
including how lessons learned from such employment should be preserved 
and applied to the future of the A-10 mission set, successor force 
design, doctrine, training, and capability development. The report 
should include the following:
            (1) A description of the combat employment of the A-10 
        aircraft in major operations from Operation Desert Storm 
        through current operations.
            (2) Lessons learned for close air support, armed overwatch, 
        battlefield communications, weapons integration, pilot 
        training, and air-ground coordination.
            (3) Lessons learned from the use of the A-10 aircraft in 
        combat search and rescue support, including the Sandy mission, 
        and the relevance of such lessons to future personnel recovery 
        and armed overwatch concepts.
            (4) An assessment of the extent to which elements of the A-
        10 mission set, command-and-control methods, and air-ground 
        integration experience may inform future force design.
            (5) Recommendations for preserving, adapting, or 
        transferring relevant A-10 operational knowledge to future 
        doctrine, training, and capability development.
            (6) An assessment of whether currently programmed or 
        planned Air Force capabilities are expected to replicate or 
        improve upon the principal operational effects historically 
        provided by the A-10 aircraft as rescue mission commander, 
        close air support, armed overwatch, forward air controller-
        airborne, and personnel recovery support missions.
            (7) An assessment of the applicability of A-10 operational 
        lessons to human-machine teaming, autonomous collaborative or 
        adjunct aircraft, artificial intelligence-enabled mission 
        planning and targeting support, digital battlefield 
        communications, distributed air-ground integration, and other 
        emerging capabilities.
            (8) Recommendations for operational experimentation or 
        testing using A-10 units, preserved A-10 mission 
        infrastructure, or relevant training and sustainment 
        organizations to evaluate emerging capabilities applicable to 
        the A-10 mission set, including opportunities to integrate 
        private-sector and nontraditional defense partners.
            (9) An assessment of recent and potential incremental 
        modernization options for the A-10 aircraft, including 
        electronic warfare capabilities, decoy or stand-in effects 
        delivery, aerial refueling enhancements, digital 
        communications, sensor integration, precision weapons 
        integration, survivability improvements, open-systems 
        architecture, and human-machine teaming applications, and 
        whether such options could improve the operational return on 
        continued sustainment of the A-10 program.
    (c) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (b) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 7. BRIEFING ON FEASIBILITY OF FOREIGN TRANSFER, SECURITY 
              COOPERATION, AND CONTINGENCY BASING OPTIONS FOR SURPLUS 
              A-10 AIRCRAFT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Surplus A-10 aircraft may retain value for security 
        cooperation, partner burden-sharing, contingency operations, or 
        recoverable storage arrangements.
            (2) It is possible that such aircraft could be transferred 
        to eligible foreign partners through existing authorities, 
        maintained in recoverable status for future foreign military 
        sales or excess defense articles consideration, or used to 
        support contingency basing or coalition interoperability 
        requirements.
    (b) Briefing.--Not later than January 15, 2027, the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of the Air Force and the 
Director of the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, and in 
consultation with the Secretary of State, shall provide to the 
Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives 
a briefing on the feasibility of transferring surplus A-10 aircraft to 
eligible foreign partners, or otherwise maintaining such aircraft in 
recoverable status to support future security cooperation or 
contingency operations. The briefing shall include the following:
            (1) An assessment of the feasibility of transfer through 
        foreign military sales, excess defense articles, or other 
        appropriate authorities.
            (2) An identification of allies or partners that may be 
        suitable candidates to operate, host, or support surplus A-10 
        aircraft.
            (3) An assessment of training, maintenance, sustainment, 
        basing, interoperability, and force protection requirements 
        associated with any such transfer or arrangement.
            (4) An assessment of export-control, technology security, 
        and end-use monitoring considerations.
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