[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9696 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 9696

To improve the quality, appropriateness, and effectiveness of diagnosis 
                in health care, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             July 15, 2026

 Mr. Beyer (for himself, Mr. Van Drew, and Ms. Schrier) introduced the 
   following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and 
                                Commerce

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To improve the quality, appropriateness, and effectiveness of diagnosis 
                in health care, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Saving Lives and Reducing Health 
Care Waste by Improving Diagnosis in Medicine Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    Congress finds that diagnostic error is a leading cause of 
preventable harm and waste in the United States health system, and the 
modernization of diagnostic safety and quality infrastructure, through 
applied research, data science, patient engagement, and systems 
learning, is necessary to improve outcomes and reduce costs.

SEC. 3. RESEARCH AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    Part B of title IX of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 918. RESEARCH AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a comprehensive 
program of patient-centered research and quality improvement to--
            ``(1) assess and understand diagnostic errors, including 
        diagnostic delays, and how to eliminate common failures in the 
        diagnostic process that lead to significant patient harm; and
            ``(2) identify, develop, implement, and disseminate 
        evidence-based strategies and best practices for improving 
        diagnostic quality, safety, timeliness, and eliminating health 
        care waste resulting from diagnostic errors and delays.
    ``(b) Activities.--The program established under subsection (a) 
shall include the following:
            ``(1) Continuum of research.--A portfolio of conducted and 
        supported activities that is consistent with the research, 
        implementation, and dissemination activities of the Center for 
        Quality Improvement and Patient Safety of the Agency for 
        Healthcare Research and Quality, including--
                    ``(A) research to assess diagnostic errors and 
                identify improved methods to prevent errors and the 
                harm errors cause;
                    ``(B) translation and synthesis of research 
                findings and development of tools for implementing 
                prevention strategies into practice;
                    ``(C) implementation research to refine evidence-
                based tools for improving diagnostic processes and 
                effectively integrate these solutions into practice; 
                and
                    ``(D) collaboration with stakeholders across the 
                health care community to disseminate and promote 
                implementation of effective methods, strategies, and 
                tools for wide-scale improvement, including identifying 
                where digital- and artificial intelligence-enabled 
                tools could be beneficial, measure and assess 
                diagnostic safety, accuracy, and timeliness, and assess 
                the impact of improvement on wasteful spending.
            ``(2) Research centers of diagnostic excellence.--
        Consistent with section 911(b), the health care improvement 
        research centers described in such section shall link research 
        directly with clinical practice in geographically diverse 
        locations throughout the United States, and may include--
                    ``(A) academic medical and institutional research 
                centers that combine demonstrated multidisciplinary 
                expertise in diagnostic outcomes or quality improvement 
                research with linkages directly or through national, 
                State, or local stakeholder partner organizations to 
                relevant sites of care; and
                    ``(B) provider-based research networks, including 
                plan, facility, or delivery system sites of care 
                (especially primary care), that can evaluate outcomes 
                and evaluate and promote quality improvement 
                approaches.
            ``(3) Financial assistance.--The Director may provide 
        financial assistance to assist in meeting the costs of planning 
        and establishing new centers, as well as operating existing and 
        new centers, pursuant to section 902(c).
            ``(4) Advisory committee.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--The Director shall establish 
                a multi-stakeholder advisory committee, with members 
                that include patients, family members with lived 
                experience, and the patient or consumer advocacy 
                organizations that represent such patients and family 
                members, to support the Director in the planning, 
                implementation, and evaluation of the program under 
                this section.
                    ``(B) Purpose.--The committee established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall ensure that the program under 
                this section improves patient outcomes by--
                            ``(i) incorporating advances in data 
                        science, artificial intelligence, and health 
                        information technology to empower patients and 
                        families and strengthen systems-based 
                        approaches to improving diagnosis;
                            ``(ii) integrating the lived experience and 
                        the outcomes that matter most to patients and 
                        families as well as perspectives of clinicians 
                        and health systems, to ensure relevance and 
                        uptake in practice; and
                            ``(iii) maintains a balanced research 
                        portfolio that emphasizes scientific rigor, 
                        patient-centeredness, and real world 
                        applicability.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--To carry out this section, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated $45,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2027 through 2031.
            ``(2) Availability.--Amounts appropriated under this 
        section shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 4. PATIENT SAFETY REPORTING AND LEARNING INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and 
Quality shall develop and submit to Congress a strategic plan to 
modernize Federal approaches and establish mechanisms that enable 
patients, families, and caregivers to voluntarily report their 
experiences of diagnostic error (as defined by the National Academy of 
Medicine in the consensus study report titled ``Improving Diagnosis in 
Health Care 2015'') and other patient-safety adverse events and near 
misses (as defined in the Patient Safety Network primer titled 
``Adverse Events, Near Misses, and Errors'', published on December 15, 
2024) to a system that meets the requirements established in subsection 
(c).
    (b) Restrictions on the Use of Reports.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, reports collected under subsection (a) shall not be 
        admissible in civil or criminal proceedings, and shall be used 
        solely for public health, improvement, and learning purposes.
            (2) Clarification.--Reporting under subsection (a) shall 
        not preclude or affect the legal rights of patients or family 
        members or caregivers of patients or remedies available to such 
        parties.
    (c) Purposes.--The strategic plan required under subsection (a) 
shall--
            (1) modernize Federal approaches to capturing and using 
        patient-reported safety information, in a manner that--
                    (A) safeguards patient privacy;
                    (B) facilitates integration, as appropriate, with 
                existing data and learning systems within the 
                Department of Health and Human Services, including the 
                Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Centers 
                for Medicare & Medicaid Services, the National 
                Institutes of Health, and the Advanced Research 
                Projects Agency for Health;
                    (C) considers the use of modern data-science 
                methods, including natural-language processing and 
                artificial intelligence, to enable detection of 
                diagnostic and other safety signals from patient-
                reported data and narrative; and
                    (D) identifies opportunities to align such 
                reporting mechanisms with existing Federal patient-
                experience (such as Consumer Assessment of Healthcare 
                Providers and Systems), quality-measurement, and safety 
                programs to minimize burden and maximize learning; and
            (2) recommend a coordinated Federal approach for piloting, 
        evaluating, and scaling such reporting mechanisms to support 
        continuous improvement in diagnostic safety and quality.
    (d) Consultation.--In developing the strategic plan under 
subsection (a), the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and 
Quality shall consult with the Administrator of the Centers for 
Medicare & Medicaid Services, the National Coordinator for Health 
Information Technology, the Chief Data Officer of the Department of 
Health and Human Services, and the Chief Artificial Intelligence 
Officer of the Department of Health and Human Services.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--To carry out this section, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2027 through 2030.
            (2) Availability.--Amounts appropriated under this section 
        shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 5. FELLOWSHIPS AND TRAINING GRANTS.

    (a) Ruth Kirschstein Awards.--Section 487(a) of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 288(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(5) For purposes of the program under this subsection, biomedical 
and behavioral research includes diagnostic safety and quality 
research.''.
    (b) AHRQ Programs.--Section 902(b)(1) of the Public Health Service 
Act (42 U.S.C. 299a(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``and diagnostic safety and quality'' 
        after ``subsection (a)''; and
            (2) by striking ``under section 487(d)(3)'' and inserting 
        ``for purposes of carrying out section 487''.

SEC. 6. QUALITY MEASURE DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 931(c)(2) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b-
31(c)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (J) as 
        subparagraphs (C) through (K), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
                    ``(B) diagnostic safety and quality;''.

SEC. 7. STANDARDIZED DATA FOR DIAGNOSIS RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services 
(referred to in this section as the ``Secretary'') shall coordinate 
with relevant departmental components to promote the standardization, 
interoperability, and responsible use of key data elements to support 
diagnostic safety and quality research and improvement.
    (b) Consultation With Expert Panel.--In carrying out subsection 
(a), the Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Agency for 
Healthcare Research and Quality, the Administrator of the Centers for 
Medicare & Medicaid Services, the Director of the National Library of 
Medicine, the Chief Data Officer of the Department of Health and Human 
Services, and the Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer of the 
Department of Health and Human Services, shall convene an expert panel 
to consider and make recommendations to the National Coordinator for 
Health Information Technology regarding the specific United States Core 
Data for Interoperability data elements and classes needed to 
accelerate diagnostic safety and quality research, training, and 
quality improvement including--
            (1) the fidelity, interoperability, auditability, and 
        socio-technical aspects of electronic vocabularies and 
        ontologies related to presenting symptoms as stated by 
        patients, chief complaints of patients, and the status of 
        diagnosis (such as tentative, working, or confirmed);
            (2) the development and use of symptom-based clinical 
        registries; and
            (3) enhanced data capabilities that are necessary to 
        support both research and improvement of diagnostic safety and 
        quality.
    (c) Report.--The Secretary shall make available a summary of the 
panel's recommendations and planned actions to advance the integration 
of such recommended elements into the learning infrastructure for 
diagnostic safety and quality.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary 
for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2029, to remain available until 
expended.

SEC. 8. INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON IMPROVING DIAGNOSIS IN HEALTH CARE.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services 
(referred to in this section as the ``Secretary'') shall establish 
within the Office of the Secretary an interagency council to be known 
as the Interagency Council on Improving Diagnosis in Health Care 
(referred to in this section as the ``Council'').
    (b) Objectives.--The objectives of the Council shall be the 
following:
            (1) Enhance the quality, appropriateness, and effectiveness 
        of diagnosis in health care through--
                    (A) the establishment and support of a broad base 
                of scientific research;
                    (B) the dissemination and implementation of the 
                results of such research; and
                    (C) the promotion of improvements in clinical and 
                health system practices.
            (2) Identify and eliminate systemic barriers to supporting 
        research in improving diagnosis in health care.
            (3) Identify knowledge gaps, research and data needs, and 
        opportunities congruent with agency missions to strengthen the 
        clinical and translational research pipeline to improve 
        diagnostic safety and quality, including potential 
        collaborative research initiatives among 2 or more agencies, 
        offices, institutes, or centers within the Department of Health 
        and Human Services or other Federal agencies or offices.
    (c) Membership.--
            (1) Chair.--The Director of the Agency for Healthcare 
        Research and Quality (or the Director's designee) shall be the 
        Chair of the Council.
            (2) Members.--
                    (A) In general.--In addition to the Chair, the 
                Council shall be comprised of the following:
                            (i) At least 1 designee from each of the 
                        following, appointed by the head of the 
                        applicable department or agency:
                                    (I) The Centers for Disease Control 
                                and Prevention.
                                    (II) The Centers for Medicare & 
                                Medicaid Services.
                                    (III) The Department of Veterans 
                                Affairs.
                                    (IV) The Congressionally Directed 
                                Medical Research Program of the 
                                Department of Defense.
                                    (V) The Office of the National 
                                Coordinator for Health Information 
                                Technology.
                                    (VI) The Office of the Chief Data 
                                Officer of the Department of Health and 
                                Human Services.
                                    (VII) The Office of the Chief 
                                Artificial Intelligence Officer of the 
                                Department of Health and Human 
                                Services.
                                    (VIII) The Center for Devices and 
                                Radiological Health of the Food and 
                                Drug Administration.
                            (ii) Designees from the National Institutes 
                        of Health, including a least 1 designee from 
                        each of the following:
                                    (I) The National Cancer Institute.
                                    (II) The National Center for 
                                Advancing Translational Sciences.
                                    (III) The National Institute of 
                                Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
                                    (IV) The National Heart, Lung, and 
                                Blood Institute.
                                    (V) The National Institute of 
                                Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
                                    (VI) The National Library of 
                                Medicine.
                                    (VII) The National Institute on 
                                Minority Health and Health Disparities.
                                    (VIII) The National Institute of 
                                Nursing Research.
                                    (IX) The Eunice Kennedy Shriver 
                                National Institute of Child Health and 
                                Human Development.
                            (iii) Designees from such other national 
                        research institutes and national centers as may 
                        be appropriate, as determined by the Director 
                        of the National Institutes of Health.
                    (B) Additional members.--In addition to the 
                designees under subparagraph (A), the Council may 
                include such other designees from Federal departments 
                or agencies as the Chair of the Council determines 
                appropriate.
                    (C) Designation.--A person appointed to the Council 
                as a designee shall be a senior official or employee of 
                the department or agency whose responsibilities and 
                subject matter expertise are relevant to the Council's 
                objectives listed in subsection (b), as determined by 
                the designating official.
    (d) Strategic Plan; Reports.--
            (1) Strategic federal plan to improve diagnosis in health 
        care.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, the Council shall develop, submit to the Secretary 
        and Congress, and make publicly available a strategic plan, to 
        be known as the Strategic Federal Plan to Improve Diagnosis, 
        that, consistent with the objectives listed in subsection (b)--
                    (A) identifies coordinated opportunities to enhance 
                scientific research and reduce systemic barriers in 
                order to improve diagnosis in health care; and
                    (B) includes legislative and administrative policy 
                recommendations, including opportunities to remove 
                barriers to, and enhance, inter-agency coordination in 
                the planning, conduct, and funding of, such research.
            (2) Reports to congress.--Not later than July 31 of every 
        odd-numbered year beginning with the first such year after the 
        date of submission of the first Strategic Federal Plan to 
        Improve Diagnosis under paragraph (1), the Council shall 
        prepare, submit to the Secretary and Congress, and make 
        publicly available an updated Strategic Federal Plan to Improve 
        Diagnosis that includes--
                    (A) such updates as the Council determines to be 
                appropriate;
                    (B) information on the overall progress of the 
                Federal Government in reducing barriers to research on, 
                and supporting projects to improve, diagnosis in health 
                care; and
                    (C) legislative and administrative policy 
                recommendations, including addressing any needs for 
                greater legislative authority to meet the objectives 
                listed in subsection (b).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated $1,500,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2027 through 2030.
                                 <all>