119 HR 9469 IH: Outcomes-Based Financing (OBF) for Students Act
U.S. House of Representatives
2026-06-25
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.Short title; table of contents
(a)This Act may be cited as the Outcomes-Based Financing (OBF) for Students Act
. (b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
TITLE I—Tax treatment of OBF products
Sec. 101. Exclusion of income from discharge of indebtedness.
Sec. 102. Treatment as interest on education loan.
Sec. 103. Amounts treated as educational assistance.
Sec. 104. Treatment of amounts received by OBF provider.
TITLE II—Disclosures applicable to OBF products
Sec. 201. Disclosures.
Sec. 202. Advertising of OBF products.
TITLE III—Consumer protections for OBF products
Sec. 301. Consumer protections.
Sec. 302. Treatment under bankruptcy laws.
TITLE IV—Other clarifications to support OBF products
Sec. 401. Consent to continuing release of taxpayer information under OBF products.
Sec. 402. Amendments to the higher education Act of 1965.
Sec. 403. Supporting outcomes-based underwriting.
Sec. 404. Treatment under the fair credit reporting act.
<enum>I</enum><header>Tax treatment of OBF products</header>
<section id="H5B8F9B1C6812421AB9DC824F8F04B40C"><enum>101.</enum><header>Exclusion of income from discharge of indebtedness</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1A96D5791E274591A59131EC576625DF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/108">Section 108</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H00B457B57AD64663B9D9B4AFB4190804"> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0017744578E742ED8E9185B0AE891DB2"> <enum>(j)</enum> <header>Outcomes-Based financing products</header> <text>In the case of an individual, gross income does not include any amount which (but for this subsection) would be includible in gross income by reason of—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H1B1D2B6CCAB54F43804CA41C81313C34">
<enum>(1)</enum>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the discharge (in whole or in part) of any outcomes-based loan (as defined in section 140(h) of the Truth in Lending Act), or</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="HB7BFBAA3AC924CF994DC98D865009973">
<enum>(2)</enum>
<text>the termination or alteration (in whole or in part) of the individual's payment obligation under an outcomes-based payment agreement (as so defined).</text>
</paragraph>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF2470186425A40C695589CCD51A33E96"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section> <section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1AB5A345999A48549878A6FFFD5F5F61"><enum>102.</enum><header>Treatment as interest on education loan</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1BA5807F08404AFFA621072DEB23C2E9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/221">Section 221</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H177D59885B394569B7672D17073C527C">
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6E134AEA751F4900A30418F5E1D35D15">
<enum>(g)</enum>
<header>Outcomes-Based payment agreements</header>
<text>For purposes of this section—</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1B4838DE655C46D1BE0F52AA459833F8"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header display-inline="yes-display-inline">In general</header> <text>In the case of an individual who enters into an outcomes-based payment agreement for purposes of financing the qualified higher education expenses of the individual, the amount described in paragraph (2) shall be treated in the same manner as interest paid on a qualified education loan.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="HDDA54A7021AD4FD092FA6583B24BE356">
<enum>(2)</enum>
<header>Amount described</header>
<text>The amount described in this paragraph is an amount equal to the excess of—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H6F341015A641471082899FFE486B21A5">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<text>amounts paid by the taxpayer during the taxable year under the terms of an outcomes-based payment agreement described in paragraph (1), over</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H1128BE48CD5C40479B27B31F3257F89F">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text>the excess of—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE64E361108F845FFB953A3023564BF79"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the amount of the financing provided to the taxpayer under the terms of such agreement, over</text>
</clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H395F461D0BAE4F1D82FB41408D017540">
<enum>(ii)</enum>
<text>the aggregate amounts paid by the taxpayer under the terms of such agreement in all preceding taxable years.</text>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H013C75DAB0374FA794D51BD9AB0EE218">
<enum>(3)</enum>
<header>Rules to apply</header>
<text>Rules similar to the rules of subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of subsection (c)(1) shall apply for purposes of determining whether an agreement was entered into for purposes of financing the qualified higher education expenses of an individual.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H1858F8BB93214AB2AE14E4E7CF8ABC6E">
<enum>(4)</enum>
<header>Outcomes-based payment agreement</header>
<text>The term <term>outcomes-based payment agreement</term> has the meaning given such term by section 140(h) of the Truth in Lending Act.</text>
</paragraph>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9DCA786773124674B32BBBE9626D0DAD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section> <section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5846C37CFDA0480DA2FA4A8B2E6FDB56"><enum>103.</enum><header>Amounts treated as educational assistance</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD86CB9B76B9444EAB2DD291683682039"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Subparagraph (B) of <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/127">section 127(c)(1)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking <quote>, and</quote> and inserting <quote>or of any obligation of the employee pursuant to an OBF product (as defined in section 140(h) of the Truth in Lending Act) used to finance education of the employee, and</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H49B4EDF97A474B01A7DA137767B2BB4B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section> <section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2A696681A81E4232A3D6DD226FF9392E"><enum>104.</enum><header>Treatment of amounts received by OBF provider</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6376C3523B4743D6971847FC6655316D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Part III of subchapter B of <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/26/1">chapter 1</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after section 112 the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H130A9AE820824CD1AB1FA8CCFB397557">
<section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5EF5C6C21B9B43EF9CBC04119F8AD5AF"><enum>113.</enum><header>Amounts received by outcomes-based financing provider</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCEC9924A395A4D94918204FDC7FE255D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>General rule</header><text>Gross income of an OBF provider does not include so much of amounts received by such provider from an OBF recipient during the taxable year as does not exceed an amount equal to the excess of—</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H78134F3D193E45B089C5F7BE65CD7223"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the amount of the financing provided to the OBF recipient under the terms of an OBF product, over</text></paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6C2CF517FE86454CA23C793785EE3F23"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the aggregate amounts received by the OBF provider under the terms of the product in all preceding taxable years.</text></paragraph></subsection> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4C227BE6EB7F4B38A28759608836EC8A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Terms</header><text>For purposes of this section, the terms <term>OBF provider</term>, <term>OBF recipient</term>, and <term>OBF product</term> have the respective meanings given such terms by section 140(h) of the Truth in Lending Act.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9C193EBF0E524A00801B956940536824"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of sections for part III of subchapter B of <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/26/1">chapter 1</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 112 the following new item:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" id="H5A81168DB2CC4EF1AAB00F941D53B14A"> <toc> <toc-entry level="section" idref="H5EF5C6C21B9B43EF9CBC04119F8AD5AF">Sec. 113. Amounts received by outcomes-based financing provider.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection> <subsection id="HB4CD7A763D994D789170AEFBBD27AEC5" commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section>
<enum>II</enum><header>Disclosures applicable to OBF products</header>
<section id="HD5156880953844CDBB744844B9785691"><enum>201.</enum><header>Disclosures</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD9B15294AEFE4AD7B46F9CB521C26A75"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Disclosure guidelines</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 105 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1604">15 U.S.C. 1604</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H96D5D867CB324A2B9C4F63526D479A8A"> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H95ADAA4726294EAABB259C5DC2DFFE21"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Regulations related to OBF products</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Outcomes-Based Financing (OBF) for Students Act</short-title>, the Bureau shall prescribe regulations to carry out the purposes of this title, which may contain such additional requirements, classifications, differentiations, or other provisions, and may provide for such adjustments and exceptions for all or any class of transactions, as in the judgment of the Bureau are necessary or proper to effectuate the purposes of this title, to prevent circumvention or evasion thereof, or to facilitate compliance therewith.</text></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H90208B57109D4B64ADF718A98A960EF9"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Model disclosure forms and clauses for OBF products</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Outcomes-Based Financing (OBF) for Students Act</short-title>, the Bureau shall publish a model integrated disclosure for OBF products in order to facilitate compliance with the disclosure requirements of this title and aid OBF recipients in understanding the transaction by utilizing readily understandable language to simplify the technical nature of the disclosures.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEDEDC04C9829416F83D4FDE557E6BA09"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Form of disclosure; additional information</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 122(a) of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1632">15 U.S.C. 1632(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB7E325EFDDA443309268240BA8E66BED"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the second sentence, by striking <quote>The terms</quote> and inserting <quote>For a product that is not an OBF product, the terms</quote>; and</text></paragraph> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD16A6C080EB3498E83B71A79A919C64B"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting after the second sentence <quote>For an OBF product, the terms <term>payment calculation method</term>, <term>income threshold</term>, and <term>completion mechanisms</term> shall be disclosed more conspicuously than other terms, data, or information provided in connection with a transaction, except for information relating to the identity of the creditor, and information in the table referenced in section 128(e)(12)(B)(v). The terms <term>annual percentage rate</term> and <term>finance charge</term> shall be disclosed more conspicuously than other terms, data, or information provided in such table.</quote>.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H57C9C7203B6C4AD786C23813D43AFFC9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transactions other than under an open end credit plan</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 128(e) of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1638">15 U.S.C. 1638(e)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBF11BA0C894849F8B18342D84F7D7EF1"> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCC7D88B25DD442C6A18BA3F415F74A04"><enum>(12)</enum><header>Disclosure requirements for outcomes-based financing products</header> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6FF7241FCF174A149CF615790A020E98"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In addition to the disclosures required under this chapter, and in lieu of the disclosure requirements in paragraphs (3), (4), (5) and (6) of subsection (a), subparagraph (C) of paragraph (2), and paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of this subsection, an OBF provider shall disclose the following:</text>
<clause id="H55A59B1D718242259A9ACD7C91F03588"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Disclosures required in private education loan applications and solicitations</header><text>In any application for an OBF product, or a solicitation for an OBF product without requiring an application, the OBF provider shall disclose to the OBF recipient, clearly and conspicuously—</text> <subclause id="HA84A7105FD8542B6977890B20B90195B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the disclosures required under subclauses (I) and (II) of clause (ii), including the potential range of terms applicable to the OBF product for each disclosure item;</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H46C8987E92D54803B05064E5FD59B13E"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the disclosures required under subclauses (III) and (IV) of clause (ii);</text></subclause> <subclause id="H2129E306162A4DEBB387A96BEBAD929C"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the comparison table described in clause (ii)(V), using the highest dollar amount or percentage that the OBF provider could set under the OBF payment calculation method described in clause (ii)(I) based on an amount financed of $10,000, or $5,000 if the OBF provider only offers OBF products of this type for less than $5,000; and</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HFBD90CECAED446BA94F76CB4FA3BE743"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>the disclosures required under—</text> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1117FE56B9B5495D9E0D6F13F5C07188"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">paragraph (1)(J) (relating to eligibility requirements);</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDDEE8BCA259047A48E325100C533ABBF"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">subparagraphs (L) through (N) and (Q) of paragraph (1) (relating to the availability of other potential sources of information and aid);</text></item> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H190B0E8574FA43EEAFA4ABBDE1BACEA7"><enum>(cc)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">paragraph (1)(O) (relating to the 30-day approval period); and</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2989CA25892048E288556BBB4EF2F534"><enum>(dd)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">paragraph (1)(P) (relating to self-certification).</text></item></subclause></clause> <clause id="H24E6EFE3BDB545659EE377BB6431C974"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Disclosures at the time of private education loan approval</header><text>Contemporaneously with the approval of an OBF product application, and before the loan transaction is consummated, the OBF provider shall disclose to the borrower, clearly and conspicuously, the following:</text>
<subclause id="HAC42877CCD5E4C478ADA3ABB6B27D7E4"><enum>(I)</enum><text>As relates to the periodic payment obligation:</text> <item id="H4E19C5B415FF47FEBCEBEA5E4103A107"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>The term <term>Payment Calculation Method</term> and a description of the method through which periodic payments will be calculated.</text></item>
<item id="H7B85553B7D85455A9BF2252F41707796"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>The term <term>income threshold</term> and the income threshold for the OBF product, followed by a description that states, <quote>The minimum income you must make to trigger a payment obligation. If your income is less than this income threshold, you will not owe any amount for that period.</quote>.</text></item> <item id="H8BF967FD9AE04C4182638108FC2DF3AE"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>A statement that during periods in which the OBF recipient’s income is below the income threshold—</text>
<subitem id="H36C89125333D484ABCC1BFE8928240B6"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>the OBF recipient will not owe an OBF payment for that period of time; and</text></subitem> <subitem id="HBE3AB735D887467A8C4FC30D423603D4"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>any such period of non-payment will not count toward the OBF maximum number of payments but will count toward the OBF duration.</text></subitem></item></subclause>
<subclause id="H18A0F73E9A134A9D9916C1AD02A481CD"><enum>(II)</enum><text>As relates to various ways the OBF recipient can complete the obligation, which shall include (where applicable):</text> <item id="HC6CDBC724DF84C01915514F56697B79B"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>The term <term>Maximum Number of Required Payments</term> and the OBF maximum number of payments, followed by a description that states, <quote>The maximum number of payments you will be required to make when your income is equal to or greater than the income threshold.</quote></text></item>
<item id="HE3961D4665694879AD5C5C86A473FD1A"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>The term <term>Maximum Duration</term> and the OBF duration, followed by a description that states, <quote>The maximum amount of time that you are required to make income-determined payments, excluding any extensions that you request.</quote></text></item> <item id="HE5943BA8D3CF4388AD7CF2748CCD3BD1"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>In the case of an outcomes-based loan, a disclosure of—</text>
<subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H52592E8126804FE8AB0154C8ED1A17F9"><enum>(AA)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the applicable rate of interest in effect on the date of approval;</text></subitem> <subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7E32071807514C2A92E730EC17740E22"><enum>(BB)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">whether the rate of interest applicable to the private education loan is fixed or variable;</text></subitem>
<subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9332BC534009413B8A4CCBA964181AC1"><enum>(CC)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">any limitations on interest rate adjustments, both in terms of frequency and amount, or the lack thereof, if applicable; and</text></subitem> <subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8A1D6B0D3FD743AD87852AF9991D603D"><enum>(DD)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">if the rate of interest is variable, a statement that the varying rate of interest will affect how much the OBF recipient must pay to complete the outcomes-based loan early.</text></subitem></item>
<item id="H018F97A1DB294FB688FA412C73F32236"><enum>(dd)</enum><text>In the case of an outcomes-based payment agreement, any payment cap, which may be a fixed number, fixed multiple, effective annual percentage rate, or other mechanism.</text></item></subclause> <subclause id="HEBC0F2368BC844939BADAC67E19DEB31"><enum>(III)</enum><text>The Annual Percentage Rate, with a description stating that the Annual Percentage Rate will vary based on the consumer’s income after completing school and that the consumer should refer to the table described in subclause (V) to see the range of Annual Percentage Rates based on different after-school income scenarios.</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H09FE7F5FDADF42A1B696BB6E09B3DC23"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>As relates to other disclosure items:</text> <item id="H52D91BBD403D424695488EB36D60555A" commented="no"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>A statement that the obligations of the OBF recipient under the OBF product would be dischargeable in a case under title 11, United States Code, in the same manner as a loan that is not described in section 523(a)(8) of title 11, United States Code.</text></item>
<item id="H6EC9A86D7C8349E780F3F361397B5251"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>The disclosure required under paragraph (2)(J), relating to available payment deferral options.</text></item> <item id="HA7FEFF67FF374CBF8CD3309138C413E6"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>The following statement: <quote>IMPORTANT NOTICE REQUIRED BY LAW: Students are cautioned to consider carefully entering into this outcomes-based financing product if their total future payment commitment, including any other forms of education finance, may exceed 20 percent of their expected future income. Your total future obligation may exceed this percentage if you have received additional education financing, including other outcomes-based financing products, Department of Education Direct or FFEL Loans, or private education loans.</quote>.</text></item>
<item id="H5628104246284FE2A0B52BA456039DB0"><enum>(dd)</enum><text>Applicable finance charges, late fees, penalties, and adjustments to principal (as applicable), based on borrower defaults or late payments applicable to the OBF product.</text></item> <item id="HD56040FCC2AD44F98CE7C0941EFE8AD8"><enum>(ee)</enum><text>Fees, or the range of fees, applicable to the OBF product.</text></item>
<item id="H5889D26B8F5842DD828BB47B9CB7E271"><enum>(ff)</enum><text>The definition of income to be used for purposes of calculating the OBF recipient’s obligation under the OBF product.</text></item> <item id="H1EEEF92C6BA9424FA79FD2C30BFC4F1D"><enum>(gg)</enum><text>A statement regarding whether the OBF provider intends to engage in a process of reconciliation to determine if the amount paid by the OBF recipient for the preceding year is more than, equal to, or less than the OBF payments owed under the OBF product, including—</text>
<subitem id="H925AA1EA51F9444A9E8096E4CEDCCC97"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>a description of the process in which the OBF recipient must participate for the OBF provider to verify the OBF recipient’s income; and</text></subitem> <subitem id="HB42C5C83C06A4FFCBFD5EF1C23DA1555"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>a description of any tax records or forms that the OBF recipient must execute or that the OBF provider intends to submit to the Internal Revenue Service.</text></subitem></item></subclause>
<subclause id="H6B7433EE2D0E45FA87F5530192C474AB"><enum>(V)</enum><text>A comparison table that—</text> <item id="H3D740B90B8814BB68A882A655C3523E0"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>calculated for the range of income scenarios described in item (bb) and assuming the OBF recipient earns at that income level for the duration of the contract, discloses—</text>
<subitem id="H149BAD3B0F734C71B44BB97846D60008"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>the total dollar amount of payments;</text></subitem> <subitem id="H68FD9362030E495DAEFBC1F242EEF384"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>the number of OBF payments;</text></subitem>
<subitem id="HA425E143F26A47638B5B907FDBF97D2B"><enum>(CC)</enum><text>the finance charge; and</text></subitem> <subitem id="H88A6E206B89B45658CC8737C991429CD"><enum>(DD)</enum><text>the annual percentage rate, with the scenario where an OBF recipient never makes any payments shown as <quote>-100% (no payments)</quote>;</text></subitem></item>
<item id="HF88BA11B8EB644C3A224A79AA471AF9F"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>with respect to the disclosures required under item (aa), includes, at a minimum, the obligations for the OBF recipient—</text> <subitem id="H5C69A33C59D54EC38042DD21F012F838"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>with no income;</text></subitem>
<subitem id="H25AF8BA230CE4015942E42A0511D0643"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>with income at the income threshold; and</text></subitem> <subitem id="H642BAFFCB13D423BA5B79CB7EE18910D"><enum>(CC)</enum><text>for various income scenarios, including, at a minimum, calculations at annual incomes of $40,000, $60,000, $80,000, $100,000, $125,000, $150,000, $175,000, and $200,000 (or in lieu of these income scenarios, other income scenarios that the Bureau specifies by rule); and</text></subitem></item>
<item id="H4E3FC64CE97C4AFC931C22BD4F12F07B"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>includes the following statement: <quote>This table assumes you have the same income over the entire duration of your OBF product. It does not take into account changes in income. Your income will likely change over time.</quote>.</text></item></subclause> <subclause id="HC453D024DABF414BAC33CEA1A7AF866E"><enum>(VI)</enum><text>The disclosures required under paragraph (2)(L) (relating to the 30-day approval period) and subparagraphs (M) and (N) of paragraph (2) (relating to the availability of other potential sources of aid).</text></subclause></clause>
<clause id="HD2F5D3D5AFAF470E8D86C0C1823FB435"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Disclosures at the time of private education loan consummation</header><text>Contemporaneously with the consummation of an OBF product, an OBF provider shall make to the OBF recipient each of the disclosures described in—</text> <subclause id="H4655AEE54D6244E795B9D73D86160AE6"><enum>(I)</enum><text>subclauses (I) through (IV) of clause (ii) (and in the case of an outcomes-based loan with a variable rate of interest, adjusted, as necessary, for the rate of interest in effect on the date of consummation, based on the index used);</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H89EDCDA37ADA46E98ACDA3ABF6BE230D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>subparagraphs (M) and (N) of paragraph (2) (relating to the availability of other potential sources of aid); and</text></subclause> <subclause id="H528F30E75B3F4945A1256828CFBCB364"><enum>(III)</enum><text>paragraph (7) (relating to right to cancel).</text></subclause></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H27DBD8AA786C4405B5BF48FE61215969"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Rulemaking</header><text>The Bureau may prescribe, by rule, such other information as necessary or appropriate that shall be disclosed for consumers to make informed borrowing decisions related to OBF products.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section> <section id="HFCC8D81480384C348A3B85638F369A08"><enum>202.</enum><header>Advertising of OBF products</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H649D910B6BD844C6ADA11114380558BA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Advertising of downpayments and installments</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 142 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1662">15 U.S.C. 1662</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H35DF33AF85FB4E9184496BF176506795"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking <quote>state</quote> and inserting <quote>state—</quote>;</text></paragraph> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1630272D11A3490C95923D8AD25D07B9"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (1), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H56B27B25121648CEA6864875F175BCEC"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (2), by striking the period and inserting <quote>; and</quote>; and</text></paragraph> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3CB01ACF10E941B8B13ED7A5DED62DA3"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H45B18226C1594E47A0CD02E1D6CF9B08">
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7F0B9B409A824157BC4239C05D547586"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">with respect to an OBF product, that a specific OBF payment calculation method, OBF duration, OBF maximum number of payments, or income threshold can be arranged, unless the OBF provider usually and customarily arranges OBF products pursuant to the terms so advertised.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC37EF390F5ED40C686E39DCABFC60D07"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Advertising of a credit other than open end plans</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 144 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1664">15 U.S.C. 1664</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF2EE49F0B81C4366872F7545B135D5ED">
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB49089B6C81A4361A727C9C94DEBCD87"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Outcomes-Based Financing Products</header>
<paragraph id="HFC5CCAAEDFD544F9B7545A709CED8F91"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subsection, the terms <term>OBF product</term>, <term>income threshold</term>, <term>OBF duration</term>, <term>OBF maximum number of payments</term>, and <term>OBF payment calculation method</term> have the meanings given those terms in subsection 1650(h).</text></paragraph> <paragraph id="H9C3E2011506F475AA8DCC2B8ED28FF48"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Application</header><text>This subsection shall apply to any advertisement of any OBF product subject to the provisions of this chapter.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD43DDBBF94154941AFA27706A56510C1"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Disclosure of key terms</header><text>If any advertisement to which this section applies states the OBF payment calculation method, OBF duration, OBF maximum number of payments, income threshold, or amounts of payments under an OBF product, the advertisement shall include each of the following:</text> <subparagraph id="H2C95FA27B927413AA33491BA7385F600"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The OBF payment calculation method.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H73E5EECBC5804D56A587560D6BE93ABB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>The OBF duration.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H773E90905C554947A246296392617440"><enum>(C)</enum><text>The OBF maximum number of payments.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H33CFD8C0444E4831AF8BDD1808A81559"><enum>(D)</enum><text>The income threshold.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section> <enum>III</enum><header>Consumer protections for OBF products</header> <section id="HF9A5F3F6F9484EBB91E39065D7635C3A"><enum>301.</enum><header>Consumer protections</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6BFC2B7937FD407FBD32511B0BB915D0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Preventing unfair and deceptive private educational lending practices and eliminating conflicts of interest</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H21BDD08A078741C88D466122A29ED225"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (a)(8)—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCADF36F11DBD44F89DC37021F54DE603"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking <quote>and</quote> at the end; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF6D7E74FDD57415E9F21CCC4F3B74641"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H34ED0F24E8B740AA8B199DCC9483BE72"> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H89A48A341843418FBDAB3BFF807549D8"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">includes an Outcomes-Based Financing Product as defined in subsection (h); and</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H44A2964768814BF1930205EB2E8F72DD"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4A8993A7331741B6B58151CDF6EBC339"> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDC7F9B39062546FAACD69610FA37CFBD"> <enum>(h)</enum> <header>Definitions relating to outcomes-Based financing products</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this chapter:</text>
<paragraph id="H04F7E01693DB4159940EAE5D3D5F2AA9">
<enum>(1)</enum>
<header>Amount financed</header>
<text>The term <term>amount financed</term> means, with respect to an OBF product, the amount financed as calculated pursuant to section 1026.18(b) of title 12, Code of Federal Regulations.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB6B649D93C204D778B18C78967BB9716">
<enum>(2)</enum>
<header>Income threshold</header>
<text>The term <term>income threshold</term> means a fixed dollar amount that is the minimum income that an OBF recipient is required to earn in a payment period before the OBF recipient is required to make a payment on an OBF product for such payment period.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H335B3D9F9FEE4BA0ABA8F3562C6E5DFB">
<enum>(3)</enum>
<header>OBF duration</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="HF888927936554818AB2AFC04C76EFEE9">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<header>In general</header>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>OBF duration</term>—</text>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H99F1309159574ACB8ADE87FAF9FEF627">
<enum>(i)</enum>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means the maximum time during which a consumer could remain obligated on the OBF product, except for any past due amounts owed to the OBF provider; and</text>
</clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H524CF154DF32414B8564F71D68E3D63B">
<enum>(ii)</enum>
<text>does not include—</text> <subclause id="H0910B7A067E34DADA1B0CB3837CFA1FE"> <enum>(I)</enum> <text>any period of in-school deferment; </text>
</subclause>
<subclause commented="no"
display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="HAEEBD99711A446C0BB116AE83AF66638">
<enum>(II)</enum>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">any grace or transition period; and</text>
</subclause>
<subclause id="H947FFC4F05454BDC9F22DE21D963AFA0">
<enum>(III)</enum>
<text>any period for which the OBF recipient's income is equal to or above the income threshold but the obligation is suspended at the request of the consumer (including a period of payment relief pause, deferment, or forbearance).</text>
</subclause>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HFB2E0D4F88C141FCB34B5195EDE04596">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<header>Reconciliation process</header>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If an OBF product requires a reconciliation process under section 128(e)(12)(A)(ii)(IV)(gg), any payment period that has not yet been reconciled shall provisionally be applied to the OBF duration until such time as the payment period is reconciled, provided that if the OBF recipient has reached the OBF duration, including any provisional payment periods, the OBF recipient shall not accrue any additional obligations except those that come from any remaining reconciliation processes.</text>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H94C95D822E1F47C59473730DC801B3C3">
<enum>(4)</enum>
<header>OBF product</header>
<text>The term <term>OBF product</term> means a financial product—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF267272ECBA44F189F87353F1A90815F">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<text>under which—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H832F61C90EC6474FB5885938BCA83C10"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the OBF provider credits or advances financing to the OBF recipient or to a third party on behalf of the OBF recipient; or</text>
</clause>
<clause id="HFEC27C5688DA409CB7BF86EF022F935C">
<enum>(ii)</enum>
<text>if the OBF provider is a merchant financing the sale of goods or services to the OBF recipient via the financial product, the OBF provider credits the amount financed toward the purchase of such goods or services;</text>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H1E2148F7D5B945CDB2DC9322BFFE74D4">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text>under which the OBF recipient is obligated to make periodic OBF payments (if any become due) to the OBF provider in the future, calculated based upon the OBF recipient’s future income (using the Payment Calculation Method defined in this subsection, as specified in the contract);</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H236B93FBDF524EFBBD2C1BB127A32E9E">
<enum>(C)</enum>
<text>under which the OBF recipient’s obligation to make payments (if any become due) to the OBF provider is conditional on the OBF recipient’s income exceeding the income threshold set in the OBF product;</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HEF07A29FDD1C449EBA8617F222E1F07C">
<enum>(D)</enum>
<text>under which there is an OBF duration after which the obligation is complete regardless of how much has been paid, as long as the consumer has paid any prior amounts due;</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HA7E9EBAA353B437B954871511025ADD6">
<enum>(E)</enum>
<text>under which the OBF provider and the OBF recipient enter into an agreement that, as of the date of the product, includes each element described in subparagraphs (A) through (D);</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H3D2D27139B68468F9191113BCDFD3559">
<enum>(F)</enum>
<text>that is not made, insured, or guaranteed under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1070">20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.</external-xref>);</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HAA8FC6A523814B96BFB78D179787BB4F">
<enum>(G)</enum>
<text>that is not open end credit or any loan that is secured by real property or a dwelling; and</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H9A6EA1CEF56048299FE3D3891E0B74C6">
<enum>(H)</enum>
<text>under which the amounts advanced under subparagraph (A) are for—</text>
<clause id="HFCA596CA7CBA44B1A8178C1580A34CA6">
<enum>(i)</enum>
<text>costs associated with a postsecondary training program or any other program designed to increase the human capital, employability, or earning potential of the OBF recipient (not limited to programs eligible to participate under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1070">20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.</external-xref>));</text>
</clause>
<clause id="H112B88B2CEDB4B06826CE587137935DD">
<enum>(ii)</enum>
<text>any personal expenses (such as books, supplies, transportation, and living costs) incurred by the OBF recipient while enrolled in a program described in clause (i);</text>
</clause>
<clause id="HE4C5ADD07A2C45C3A52BAD82ED0CDCEC">
<enum>(iii)</enum>
<text>any other cost or expense that is a qualified higher education expense, as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/529">section 529(e)(3)(A)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and</text>
</clause>
<clause id="H99FDFEE0E2324DF3BB7353FEE0B50046">
<enum>(iv)</enum>
<text>the refinancing of loans or OBF products used for the purposes described in clauses (i), (ii), or (iii), and without respect to whether the OBF product is provided by the educational institution that the OBF recipient attends.</text>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0453892F7BCC4C388063F93BFA208FD4">
<enum>(5)</enum>
<header>OBF maximum number of payments</header>
<text>The term <term>OBF maximum number of payments</term>—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H25454BCC33494A7A84DA835CA5D4F423">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means the maximum number of OBF payments that an OBF recipient could be required to make under the terms of the OBF product; and</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline"
id="H796A156040054F21BA9FDB1F205076BC">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text display-inline="yes-display-inline">does not include periods of payment relief pause.</text>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="HFF19D406746C4186A1B011C2B9AF8380">
<enum>(6)</enum>
<header>OBF payment</header>
<text>The term <term>OBF payment</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="H124938CB40BF40DB9FACB0CA0EE86C74"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>means the amount of an OBF recipient’s periodic payment obligation, under the terms of the OBF product, incurred during any payment period for which the OBF recipient’s income is greater than the income threshold; and</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H41FAC92D8F0F4FA79C775000493BB599">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text>is calculated using the OBF payment calculation method.</text>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4CBD20DE3F5A4E20864BA329503A5575">
<enum>(7)</enum>
<header>OBF payment calculation method</header>
<text><term>OBF payment calculation method</term> means the mechanism, formula, percentage, dollar figure, or other means of calculating an OBF recipient's payment obligation, based on the OBF recipient's income, under the terms of the OBF product.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H5AD9323D4B6F4FFF99216BEC212269C1">
<enum>(8)</enum>
<header>OBF provider</header>
<text>The term <term>OBF provider</term> means a person that provides financing to an OBF recipient pursuant to the terms of an OBF product, or, in the case of a person who is a merchant financing the sale of goods or services to the OBF recipient, the merchant.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4411A3B1A6494526AB72C53DC1FF94CE">
<enum>(9)</enum>
<header>OBF recipient</header>
<text>The term <term>OBF recipient</term> means a consumer that receives financing from an OBF provider under an OBF product.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0EC9D806245643DBB905A91ECDEA0677">
<enum>(10)</enum>
<header>Outcomes-based loan</header>
<text>The term <term>outcomes-based loan</term> means an OBF product that uses promissory notes, loan agreements, or an installment sales contract to effectuate the loan and provide for the repayment of a principal balance with a fixed or variable interest rate, with such additional terms as necessary (such as forgiveness of outstanding balance after a defined period) to meet the requirements of an OBF product.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE72B095E1F5B41EDA4A42E31CC26AFFC">
<enum>(11)</enum>
<header>Outcomes-based payment agreement</header>
<text>An <term>outcomes-based payment agreement</term> includes all OBF products that are not outcomes-based loans.</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H73B8047F43D84F67B2B3ABE228B4EC8A">
<enum>(12)</enum>
<header>Payment relief pause</header>
<text>The term <term>payment relief pause</term> means a period of time that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8E5449EFCC854D3095BD9680DA4D851D">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<text>is requested by the OBF recipient during which any payment obligation the OBF recipient would have is suspended; and</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HCC1D0DB8B4B1481588BE8B1EF6A8B8AD">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text>does not count toward an OBF recipient’s OBF duration or maximum number of payments.</text>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H78E7ECE85152478DA62677F03E5556F4">
<enum>(13)</enum>
<header>Poverty line</header>
<text>The term <term>poverty line</term> has the meaning given the term in section 673 of the Community Services Block Grant Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/9902">42 U.S.C. 9902</external-xref>).</text>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H745AFF95BFED4A8D95422643411FD4A0">
<enum>(14)</enum>
<header>Consumer</header>
<text>The term <term>consumer</term> means a natural person to whom an OBF product is offered or extended for personal, family, or household purposes.</text>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection id="H3243BC64ED754A8884533055D58DE0E1"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Additional consumer protections relating to OBF products</header>
<paragraph id="H1A0DBEF52DE845598D58F1B8E15EAB91"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prohibition on acceleration; treatment of early completion mechanisms</header>
<subparagraph id="H79A5C7BB91EF44F0AAF01372E2721750"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Limits on acceleration</header>
<clause id="H45116359D59C40C7993149324242CD79"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Outcomes-based payment agreement products</header><text>An OBF provider shall not include any mechanism in an outcomes-based payment agreement product that accelerates an amount against an OBF recipient (or otherwise liquidates a future payment stream) in the event of a delinquency or default under the OBF product.</text></clause> <clause id="HBEEA393B95614EE69E8E4684FC701345"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Outcomes-based loan products</header><text>An OBF provider shall not accelerate (or otherwise liquidate a future payment stream) an outcomes-based loan product in the event of a delinquency or default under the outcomes-based loan, except the OBF provider may accelerate an outcomes-based loan in cases where the OBF recipient has failed to make a required payment for a continuous period of not less than 180 days.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB755FBD2DC354DF4BD73F8455A51FF35"><enum>(B)</enum><header>No impact on early completion mechanisms</header><text>Nothing in this subsection shall be interpreted to prevent an OBF recipient from using any available completion mechanisms of an OBF product so long as the mechanism is optional and within the OBF recipient’s control.</text></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="H0233AF08A1334408BD430C991CA44F6E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Monthly payment affordability for OBF products</header> <subparagraph id="H6D164CC261B14F0EA4724BA522C082DA"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Maximum monthly payment obligation</header><text>Each OBF product shall specify the OBF payment calculation method applicable to the OBF product. An OBF provider shall not enter into an OBF product with an OBF recipient if the OBF recipient would be committing to pay more than 20 percent of the OBF recipient’s income at any time during the OBF duration, based on information available to the OBF provider at the time of the projection, inclusive of any payment obligations that the OBF provider knows will arise in the future for other OBF products upon which the consumer is obligated at the time of the projection. The OBF provider shall confirm a recipient’s OBF liabilities through a verifiable third-party source. At a minimum, the OBF provider shall confirm such liabilities using information maintained by a nationwide consumer reporting agency, as defined in section 603(f) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1681a">15 U.S.C. 1681a(f)</external-xref>). While doing so is sufficient for meeting the requirement under this subparagraph, nothing in this subparagraph shall prohibit an OBF provider from using other sources to provide additional verification.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H440E13ECB897465DB76EE743A584E4B8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Calculation methodology and requirements</header>
<clause id="H01FF8890F902493B88EF7A1EA570DB23"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For the purposes of calculating the portion of an OBF recipient’s future income that would be consumed by the OBF product for which the OBF recipient has applied and all other OBF products of the OBF recipient as of the date of the agreement, the OBF provider shall calculate the aggregate future burden—</text> <subclause id="H8B09B6064D3A46FAACD19235B5C302F4"><enum>(I)</enum><text>in any case where the income threshold of the OBF product is less than the maximum described in clause (ii), at hypothetical future income levels ranging from such income threshold to such maximum, in increments of $10,000; and</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HD375F4BA5B4B489E80BC672274B7FA8E"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in any case where the income threshold of the OBF product is equal to or greater than such maximum, at such income threshold.</text></subclause></clause> <clause id="HBC50AD75D7664586BB59FB7FE3AA0EEE" commented="no"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Maximum</header><text>The maximum described in this clause shall be the greater of—</text>
<subclause id="H13B20A59133148EB96A7A1FD2D8FB046" commented="no"><enum>(I)</enum>
<item commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H2603784155854F6AAABC0010548C7692"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2025, $70,000; or</text></item> <item id="HF8B5D63AFB374C87993B780A908836A5" indent="up1" commented="no"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2026 and each subsequent fiscal year, the maximum for the preceding fiscal year—</text>
<subitem id="HCCD672FD6A644B2AAE990D31CFC52AAD" commented="no"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>increased by the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Department of Labor; and</text></subitem> <subitem id="H7A16F308A0964D9F94AA915442B57FA9" commented="no"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>rounded to the nearest $1,000; or</text></subitem></item></subclause>
<subclause id="H92F346B6411F4A9A848E2B4CA35D48A6" commented="no"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in the case of an OBF recipient who has (as of the date of the OBF agreement), or has applied for, an OBF product that uses a schedule of income percentages or a schedule of fixed amounts as the OBF payment calculation method, the highest income level referenced by a schedule for any such OBF product.</text></subclause></clause> <clause id="H20C752DB2BCF42689160F2C3CBE8AD09"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Calculation</header> <subclause id="HB3441760C1034F2893A18D1B360C56AD"><enum>(I)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The terms of an OBF product for which a consumer has applied cannot cause the OBF recipient’s aggregate future burden (defined as the total amounts expected to be due under all OBF products of the OBF recipient as of the date of the agreement, and all OBF products for which the consumer is applying) to exceed the limit described in subparagraph (A) at any of the income increments described in clause (ii).</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H587CC2938F2F4FEB81E86093D26920FC"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Calculation method</header><text>For the purpose of calculating the percentage burden of an OBF product at a given future income level, the OBF provider shall calculate the annual payment obligation the OBF recipient would incur at that income level (using the most affordable option that would yield the lowest monthly payments that would be available to the OBF recipient at such income level under that OBF product) and divide that annual payment obligation by that income level.</text></subclause></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HFF9D9B99A9664E39B03E7BD1030DB5A7"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Protections during periods of low earnings</header> <clause id="HF0B6A545CE18484B98987FB3BBC3180F"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The OBF product shall provide that when an OBF recipient has an income that is below the income threshold of the OBF product, the OBF periodic payment obligation is $0.</text></clause>
<clause id="H024686609DA04E3C9D33C1E68920994F"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Threshold amount</header><text>The income threshold for an OBF product (expressed as an annual amount) shall be not less than 250 percent of the Federal poverty guidelines for a single person in the continental U.S. (for the year in which the calculation is performed).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="HB587EDF123AA4D31B66AD0CC955FCDE6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Ensuring appropriate risk sharing for OBF products</header> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFCFAB3C9DB5A4944A074BD3A8C0CC453"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An OBF provider may not contract for terms of an OBF product that would result in the OBF recipient having income that is less than or equal to 350 percent of the Federal poverty guidelines for a single person in the continental United States for the OBF duration being required to make a stream of OBF payments that would yield an effective annual percentage rate of more than 8 percent, plus the high yield of the 10-year United States Constant Maturity Treasury Notes auctioned at the final auction held before the current calendar year in which an OBF product offering is made.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H7870AA43AC004C38B16057382C1C9FB2"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Calculation</header><text>An OBF provider shall calculate for an OBF recipient the effective annual percentage rate under subparagraph (A) by determining the poverty line at the time of origination of the OBF product and assuming such amount is fixed through the OBF duration.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H4450734588544E55A6F6BAB4555DA915"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Duration</header><text>For the purposes of determining OBF duration under subparagraph (A), an OBF provider shall assume the OBF duration started after a period equal to the expected length of the program for which a consumer is enrolling.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9C2CD07CAF224747B0CC95C681532F06"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Limits on duration of an OBF product obligation</header>
<subparagraph id="H3E94462754A9471B928B3BCAB10FE8F7"><enum>(A)</enum><header>OBF maximum number of payments</header><text>The OBF maximum number of payments shall not exceed 240 monthly payments.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HF85B4ED88BA74D8DB9175159966A74AB"><enum>(B)</enum><header>OBF duration</header><text>The OBF duration shall not exceed 360 months (except in the case of an extension requested by the OBF recipient).</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H57A244BCB4744000B8C4B7147AF00838"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Non-interference</header><text>An OBF product shall not be construed to give the contract holder any rights over an individual’s actions other than as provided in this Act.</text></paragraph> <paragraph id="H8339ECB8084648339F695EAF69C89217"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Discharge protections for OBF recipients</header> <subparagraph id="H87083AF2E7064BC69733C56C8C938C77"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Permanent and total disability</header><text>In any case where an OBF recipient would be deemed totally and permanently disabled for purposes of benefits administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Social Security Administration (determined without regard to whether the recipient receives such benefits), all further obligations of the OBF recipient under the OBF product shall terminate, except those accruing before the date such a determination would apply.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H8573AF6A1CCB4CC6A45AC49610D77298"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Death</header><text>Upon the death of an OBF recipient, all further obligations of the OBF recipient under the OBF product shall terminate, except those obligations accruing before the OBF recipient’s date of death.</text></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="HB72FFEE66F45427390887029CAF1D4D3"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Limitation on amounts treated as income under OBF products</header> <subparagraph id="HCD354CC279AD402684F51BFC47CD3345"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For purposes of calculating the obligation of an OBF recipient to make OBF payments under an OBF product, the income of the OBF recipient shall not include—</text>
<clause id="H0209EF37F8114F86B03D86E53FD83618"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the income of any child or dependent of the OBF recipient;</text></clause> <clause id="H5FDC70D96AC94E929AFABC24DFE3B390"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any item of income which is not included in the gross income (as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/61">section 61(a)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) of the OBF recipient;</text></clause>
<clause id="HA7506AB2882E48F8A0FE8EC7D31FD8D6"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>any amount received from an individual retirement plan (as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/7701">section 7701</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986), a pension, or an annuity; or</text></clause> <clause id="HE6828EA7865841A4849641B6400DA698"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>any Social Security benefit (as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/86">section 86</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986).</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H439D43B78E96427F98D7403F5CCF9D3D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Estimating income</header>
<clause id="H0C066ABF58C3421E81D01319C8E0AB73"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An OBF provider may reasonably require that an OBF recipient provide documentation of income, including through pay stubs, tax transcripts, or the signing of relevant IRS forms that provide the OBF provider with access to the OBF recipient’s tax transcripts. In the event that an OBF recipient fails to provide income documentation as reasonably required by the OBF product, an OBF provider may assign an amount of income to the OBF recipient and compute the monthly payment amount for the OBF recipient by any of the following methods, to the extent disclosed in the OBF product:</text> <subclause id="H048E500AE1CB4930A77716E1BCFFD4BF"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Assigning an income amount obtained from a reasonably reliable third party or a consumer reporting agency, as defined in section 603(f) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1681a">15 U.S.C. 1681a(f)</external-xref>).</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H37E24B71F21A4F72A5F70979B5C0159E"><enum>(II)</enum><text>If the OBF recipient previously provided income documentation or has had an income assigned in the preceding 1-year period, assuming that such income has increased by not more than 10 percent, provided such increase is not applied more than once per 1-year period.</text></subclause> <subclause id="HE6C197631A644941B8E67432A333F047"><enum>(III)</enum><text>Contacting the applicable State revenue department or the Internal Revenue Service to obtain the most recent information available about the income of the OBF recipient.</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HC8E2A05DC32D4810B6B2C09720596617"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>If the OBF recipient has not previously provided income documentation, assigning a reasonable qualified income based on—</text> <item id="H6EBCBA1BB2B8448C86FFC8CD73365A97"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the median income for individuals working in the profession for which the educational program of the OBF recipient was intended to prepare the OBF recipient, as determined by information published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics or other reasonably reliable publicly available data sources; or</text></item>
<item id="HF82CFB282A1C48F7AE76EB44A08F5AD8"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>the median income of individuals who attended the same or a reasonably comparable covered educational program or course of study, as determined by information published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics or other reasonably reliable publicly available data sources.</text></item></subclause> <subclause id="H5024885814874798BCA68DA1776C2234"><enum>(V)</enum><text>Assigning an income equal to the income threshold of the OBF product (and adjusting as needed if the threshold adjusts over time).</text></subclause></clause>
<clause id="H2300C4082237432295619F0AEDD42677"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>If an OBF provider assigns an income to an OBF recipient, pursuant to clause (i), the OBF provider—</text> <subclause id="HF5C3190B27EB461CA53D13A8A1278ED7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>shall notify the OBF recipient in the monthly billing statement, and in each billing statement thereafter while the assigned income remains applicable to the OBF recipient—</text>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H685E9C8A95474DB4BE72E9D20DE27F93"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">that income has been assigned; and </text></item> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0B692F6CB32641C08319AA6E50D102E5"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">of the rights of the OBF recipient under this section;</text></item></subclause>
<subclause id="HEEC385A191464DB8B2D424841B2D15BB"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in any tax year for which the OBF provider has made an assumption about an OBF recipient’s income using any of the methods described in clause (i) and if the OBF recipient has authorized ongoing access to the OBF recipient’s return information under section 401, shall request such information in each year of the payment term;</text></subclause> <subclause id="HE92D89122DF4400B8967EC0234CB3031"><enum>(III)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">if the OBF recipient does provide income information as reasonably required by the OBF product within 1 year of the date on which the OBF provider notified the OBF recipient that assigned income shall be applied to the OBF product or if the OBF provider receives updated income information through return information authorized under section 401, then, not later than the date that is 15 days after the date on which the OBF provider receives such information, shall—</text>
<item id="HC55DDD820E33461595BFB4FEA2B85A32"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>update each prior instance in which assigned income was applied, using such new income information; and</text></item> <item id="HF54ADBF2681344858B69CD030FC97C96"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>reconcile any difference in amounts owed by the OBF recipient based on those updates to prior income; and</text></item></subclause>
<subclause id="HA0AE8EED4FE2494A8617DB61EB0CB546"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>if the OBF recipient provides income information more than 1 year after the OBF provider first assigned income to the OBF recipient, may, but shall not be obligated to, update each prior instance in which assigned income was applied using the income information provided by the OBF recipient.</text></subclause></clause> <clause id="H7743DFDB25644C2C957F7E7027C41A3A"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Records retention</header><text>An OBF provider that assigns income to an OBF recipient shall retain all applicable records relating to the method and data sources used to make such estimation for a period of 3 years after the date by which there no longer exists a contractual relationship between the OBF provider and the OBF recipient for that OBF product.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HA4AAAE621ED247188E180CC7A50F8777"><enum>(8)</enum><header>No assignment of wages</header>
<subparagraph id="H48315FD595DD45A1884D535BE03868DB"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An OBF provider may not take an assignment of earnings or wages of the OBF recipient as payment or as security for payment of a debt arising out of an OBF product. An assignment of earnings in violation of this paragraph is unenforceable by the assignee of the earnings and revocable by the consumer. This paragraph does not limit the ability of the OBF recipient to voluntarily elect to use a revocable payroll deduction mechanism, such as one offered by an employer or payroll provider, provided that the OBF recipient is not assigning the OBF recipient's earnings or wages.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HC7613577B9A14CC2B2CFD3A032FF71FB"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Deemed loan</header><text>A sale of unpaid earnings made in consideration of the payment of money to or for the account of the seller of the earnings is deemed to be a loan to the seller secured by an assignment of earnings.”</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HED49ABCC1370455394977FF96834A4C2"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Treatment of Outcomes-Based Financing Products Under Other Laws</header>
<paragraph id="HA8CAD33777514925AF32550CC7C58F52"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In this subsection, the term <term>State law</term>—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD834AEDE39564AD7A0F1B21DF7B8E97D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means—</text>
<clause id="H694C57DDBDDE4EE8AB702D52FEECE628"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any law, decision, rule, regulation, or other action having the effect of a law of any State or any political subdivision of a State, or any agency or instrumentality of a State or political subdivision of a State; and</text></clause> <clause id="HECF5D802A756454B8F1A166AA49FC0B2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any law of the United States applicable only to the District of Columbia; and</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H45EE52FA353B4DCB836CC42168002167"><enum>(B)</enum><text>does not impact the use of such term in section 1026.28 of title 12, Code of Federal Regulations.</text></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="H3F6E4F33AC2F4359BCE1E919676B1539"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Insurance and wagering</header><text>An OBF product shall not be treated as a contract for insurance, or as a betting or wagering contract, under any Federal or State law or State constitutional provision.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7080BAEE6B4D4D2895531F3CE4642A3E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Assignment of future wages for OBF products</header><text>An OBF product shall be a valid, binding, and enforceable contract, notwithstanding any State law or State constitutional provision limiting or otherwise regulating assignments of future wages or other income.</text></paragraph> <paragraph id="H2A04C36048E64329A444819AF3147C40"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Preemption of State laws with respect to substantially equal payments</header><text>A State law or State constitutional provision requiring that payments on a debt, credit, loan, installment sale, or other financial instrument be in equal or substantially equal amounts shall not apply to an OBF product.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H797CAF7D668B40649520FD8ADADB433C"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Preemption of State laws with respect to ability to repay</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H983781A7576341B7BE20A60CD126771D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A State law or State constitutional provision imposing requirements relating to assessing whether a consumer has the ability to repay a loan, credit, debt, installment sale, or other financial obligation shall not apply to an OBF product.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H53237EE8D6B94AAB91ADB77E9D4F09D2"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFD308F3C0C724425958BCC73AC876554"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Legislation that references this section</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of the affordability protections specified in subparagraph (C), State legislation that specifically and explicitly addresses OBF products by reference to this section and imposes limits that would apply to OBF products issued in the jurisdiction of that State shall not be subject to preemption under subparagraph (A). </text></clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBBA3FE4AE9344DD0822BD932B4C2F59E"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Prior enacted legislation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, as of the date of enactment of this section, a State has previously enacted legislation or issued a rule specifically referencing <quote>income share agreements</quote> and specifying limits for income share agreements consistent with clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (C), such limits are not subject to preemption under subparagraph (A).</text></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HEFCF5734F0374B25992E552522405C59"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Affordability protections</header><text>The affordability protections subject to State specification under subparagraph (A) include:</text>
<clause id="H619AF0BC002C4C6C84DED36C5757A3B8"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the percentage specified in subsection (i)(2)(A) setting the maximum percentage of income required for monthly payments under OBF products, including what types of obligations are included in such limit (but not altering the methodology used to apply such limit);</text></clause> <clause id="H4DB3F69D5DED4D2192CCE83E65901E1D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the percentage specified in subsection (i)(2)(C) providing an alternative minimum required income threshold (but not altering other aspects of the calculation used to determine the minimum income threshold).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC6BCB249EC98491FBFA3CACA6D100A0B"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Preemption of state laws with respect to amount of financing, timing of payments, and length of term</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0A91975F561A4846ACFA8831E40F6E40"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A State law or State constitutional provision imposing requirements relating to limits on amount of financing, timing of payments, or when payments must start for a loan, credit, debt, installment sale, or other financial obligation shall not apply to an OBF product.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HB9EAEF760F60445DA024C0B78F1E5609"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3D509C2C9CDB46F5B2BA05DBCD88D550"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Legislation that references this Section</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of the payment and duration protections specified in subparagraph (C), State legislation that specifically and explicitly addresses OBF products by reference to this section and imposes limits that would apply to OBF products issued in the jurisdiction of that State shall not be subject to preemption under subparagraph (A).</text></clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H007AC00B1B624F29B15A054E73C75010"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Prior enacted legislation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, as of the date of enactment of this section, a State has previously enacted legislation or issued a rule specifically referencing <quote>income share agreements</quote> and specifying limits for income share agreements consistent with clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (C), such limits are not subject to preemption under subparagraph (A).</text></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H9D57EB1B516C4620828107548841AAF1"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Payment and duration protections</header><text>The payment and duration protections subject to State specification under subparagraph (A) include:</text>
<clause id="HB8AF56364F284E4A8B29D2F05B544171"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the number specified in subsection (i)(4)(A) setting the maximum number of OBF payments for an OBF product (but not altering the definitions of OBF payment);</text></clause> <clause id="H62B8F638133143B897C70D0A92D10BE0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the number specified in subsection (i)(4)(B) setting the maximum OBF duration for an OBF product (but not altering the definition of an OBF duration).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HDC536E2685AE48399B5E979115E7DEFD"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Prepayment</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H071CFCC583F14B3DB5E3AAA1407CE419"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A Federal law or State law or State constitutional provision imposing requirements or limitations relating to prepayment or fees or charges related to prepayment, including as described in subsection (e), shall not apply to an outcomes-based payment agreement.</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H53EDA79297C34FBAA8D3CB788D65EA96"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H75274669BAE24D7D87B02E7BD85023F3"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Legislation that references this Section</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">State legislation shall not be subject to preemption under subparagraph (A) if the legislation—</text>
<subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H521BA7992F694E83B607F6E8FB2AA98C"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">specifically and explicitly addresses OBF products by reference to this section; and</text></subclause> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8C3DE9F1A58D4910AC236760B5AEEC67"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">requires that outcomes-based payment agreement products include a means through which an outcomes-based payment agreement recipient can complete the outcomes-based payment agreement obligation by paying an amount equal to the amount financed and an earned finance charge, with the earned finance charge equal to the finance charge that would have been earned by the outcomes-based payment agreement provider applying a maximum annual percentage rate (which shall be disclosed by the outcomes-based payment agreement provider pursuant to section 128(e)(12)(A)(ii)(III)) to the amount financed, and calculated as of the current date.</text></subclause></clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HAA1887EC943A45E8969616C7948041A4"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Prior enacted legislation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, as of the date of enactment of this section, a State has previously enacted legislation or issued a rule specifically referencing <quote>income share agreements</quote> and specifying limits for income share agreements consistent with those described in this paragraph, such limits are not subject to preemption under subparagraph (A).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="H2C88B6CA707F44B8B9F3FEA0C5C983BB"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Application of usury limits</header> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H19D4C47DD93646C69C0037DA921A48CE"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A State law or State constitutional provision imposing requirements or limitations relating to the rate or amount of interest, finance charges, or other charges which may be charged, taken, received, or reserved, shall not apply to an OBF product.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H38A3893104044D0CBAB4F86A2A7B2BBF"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exceptions</header>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H94E9D1E253B94782B243751F13866ECA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Legislation that references this section</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">State legislation shall not be subject to preemption under subparagraph (A) if the legislation—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H71F26325271146DABD68E96337658F90"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">specifically and explicitly addresses OBF products by reference to this section; and</text></subclause>
<subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCAD73CAA33E74508AE0441D1CFA74D84"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">imposes its own limits with respect to the rate or amount of interest, finance charges, or other charges that may be charged, taken, received, or reserved that would apply to OBF products issued in the jurisdiction of that State.</text></subclause></clause> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5AC4316CCDE34263947FF3C59603547C"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Prior enacted legislation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, as of the date of enactment of this section, a State has previously enacted legislation or issued a rule specifically referencing <quote>income share agreements</quote> and specifying limits for income share agreements consistent with those described in this paragraph, such limits are not subject to preemption under subparagraph (A).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H591C1E8ABC344873883E521E9C1F53DA"><enum>(9)</enum><header>State specification of risk sharing limits</header><text>For the protections relating to risk sharing specified in subparagraph (B), a State may enact legislation that specifically and explicitly addresses OBF products and imposes its own limits that would apply to OBF products issued in the jurisdiction of that State that include the income level and associated annual percentage rate limit specified in paragraph (i)(3), including specifying additional tiers of income levels and limits as desired (but not altering the methodology used to apply such limits under this section).</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section> <section id="H72B37CFC72AC4C01B3CCFF5D534BE478"><enum>302.</enum><header>Treatment under bankruptcy laws</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 523(a)(8) of title 11, United States Code, is amended, in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking <quote>for—</quote> and inserting <quote>for, other than funds provided as part of an OBF product (as defined in section 140(h) of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>)—</quote>.</text></section>
<enum>IV</enum><header>Other clarifications to support OBF products</header>
<section id="H482708F1347744A99AC257BE88BC7193"><enum>401.</enum><header>Consent to continuing release of taxpayer information under OBF products</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H171CA834AEE9448FB2A707C563416612"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall modify Treasury regulations and guidance to provide for continuing consent (via hand signature and electronic signature) to disclosure of an individual’s tax return information to an OBF provider (or the OBF provider’s successor in interest) under an OBF product, but only for periods relevant to, and only to the extent the Secretary determines is necessary and appropriate in carrying out the terms of, such OBF product.</text></subsection> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0EF3F328CB814DB9878C729B863BD1AD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section, the terms <term>OBF product</term> and <term>OBF provider</term> have the meanings given such terms in subsection (h) of section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>), as added by this Act.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="HD3084928B3D44FAEA5A7081E85E4E51F"><enum>402.</enum><header>Amendments to the higher education Act of 1965</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1001">20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended as follows:</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6E8C2306CB864D64A98431AEF9FCC3AB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Section 487(d)(1)(D) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1094">20 U.S.C. 1094(d)(1)(D)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE1239F9E34094E1AB31082D4DD2DE84B"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in clause (ii), by striking <quote>and</quote> at the end;</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3168DA71906642FC86CDAFF2D92ACB47"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in clause (iii), by inserting <quote>and</quote> after the semicolon; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8F954824705F4A5E9E47FD7858EDDC03"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE4ADECC080514AE290BB67C5FFA66673"> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC1B1AF8FFA464CD8AB0DEF409C42AAC3"><enum>(iv)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the case of an OBF product (as such term is defined in subsection (h) of section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>)) made by a proprietary institution of higher education, only the amount of OBF payments (as defined in such subsection) received during the applicable institutional fiscal year, to the extent the amount of such payments on the OBF product does not exceed the amount financed under such OBF product;</text></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD6EE993245F9424FB6109A3B9D41CE62"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Section 153(a) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1019b">20 U.S.C. 1019b(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H116DDED2514949B8AB8FB4385C15C50A"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H34DFFCB5054B48859621E6BA166E87F5">
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE12069A21EEF45CF807CDC3F0957FD0F"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Additional information for OBF products</header>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HAEB1F31537D3482F998EFA57A16A78B3"><enum>(i)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">By not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Outcomes-Based Financing (OBF) for Students Act</short-title>, the Secretary, in coordination with the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, shall determine the minimum information that OBF providers, covered institutions, and institution-affiliated organizations of such covered institutions, participating in preferred lender arrangements shall make available regarding OBF products.</text></clause> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA99B447C09DA404586F7BFFC0E239345"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Consultation and content of minimum disclosures</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In carrying out clause (i), the Secretary shall—</text>
<subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2DC0A599C9EB4AD9B32E31DD48CE7A0B"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">consult with students, the families of such students, representatives of covered institutions (including financial aid administrators, admission officers, and business officers), representatives of institution-affiliated organizations, secondary school guidance counselors, and OBF providers;</text></subclause> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFD8839EFFC5E4DA88D554CC7E171F44E"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">include, in the minimum information under clause (i) that is required to be made available, the information required to be disclosed under section 128(e)(12) of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1638">15 U.S.C. 1638(e)(12)</external-xref>); and</text></subclause>
<subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H715D44789DE842878BF796D1A2C6AA22"><enum>(III)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">consider the merits of requiring each covered institution, and each institution-affiliated organization of such covered institution, with a preferred lender arrangement to provide prospective OBF recipients and the families of such recipients the following information for each type of OBF product offered pursuant to such preferred lender arrangement:</text> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H610AA8C9146E4CE784CE7DDBEF0E35B2"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The terms and conditions of the OBF product for the next award year.</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA0BDCC694AD04BB5AA7503F1F9CFAAFB"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An itemization of the fees or range of fees required to obtain the OBF product.</text></item> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6DB09B7575F04B0FBB7C9D91B1362C8A"><enum>(cc)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The annual or aggregate maximum financed amounts.</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDC4D74881DB04498A4DF2BE617895497"><enum>(dd)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The average financed amounts provided by the OBF provider to students who—</text> <subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7F12D1DD860B43AC83C74EC78FF46386"><enum>(AA)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">graduated from such institution in the preceding year with certificates, undergraduate degrees, graduate degrees, and professional degrees, as applicable; and</text></subitem>
<subitem commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC00C02357AA6479BB05E6A1007BB74CB"><enum>(BB)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">obtained an OBF product of such type from the OBF provider for the preceding year.</text></subitem></item> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H11B4CBCB9E3B4DB2B50FD76BC8AC5E76"><enum>(ee)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The consequences for the OBF recipient for defaulting on an OBF product.</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H86052B3F2E8C4E38AFEA16B96EBBB332"><enum>(ff)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Contact information for the OBF provider.</text></item> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H55BF29FB60AE482DA275B7862E424705"><enum>(gg)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Other information suggested by the persons and entities with whom the Secretary has consulted under subclause (I).</text></item></subclause></clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4C6918575A05405CB3A53EF586130E5C"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this subparagraph the terms <term>OBF product</term> and <term>OBF provider</term> have the meanings given such terms in subsection (h) of section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>).</text></clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8A1A38E0AA9540839756B458D4966EAF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (2)—</text>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFEDA15099FE14B608C4B8C3372AE4C32"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking <quote>the</quote> and inserting <quote>a</quote> before <quote>model disclosure form</quote>;</text></clause> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBA4A1F464E7D4AA0A461FA54D05AC161"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in subparagraph (B)—</text>
<subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H28E98DF9E85444C38C6DB04962DCAE90"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the matter preceding clause (i)—</text> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA2A4A4E64DFE43E99957BF53083FAAAD"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by striking <quote>a</quote> before <quote>model disclosure</quote>; and</text></item>
<item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD79F19C8D28F4C8D8FDFA78659A50AC1"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>by striking <quote>form that</quote> and inserting <quote>forms that</quote>; and</text></item></subclause> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8849C9C92845469F9FF5C1A3122D2CB9"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in clause (ii), by inserting <quote>(or in the case of an OBF product (as defined in subsection (h) of section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>), sections 128(e)(12)(A) and 105(k) of such Act)</quote> after <quote>section 128(e)</quote>; and</text></subclause></clause>
<clause id="H8CFCEDBF1A344CEA92F556A03C50FEF2"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in subparagraph (C), by striking <quote>form</quote> and inserting <quote>forms</quote>.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="H4214F5459CD84D17A3DA2A36B5F44767"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Section 154 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1019c">20 U.S.C. 1019c</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H25A66B1C170B48FA8093D584B6ABF0AF"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (a), by striking <quote>development of the</quote> and inserting <quote>development of a</quote>; and</text></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDF3C15CE96524482B0ACEF2D2AEBB30B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection (b)(2)—</text>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H846F3A1B5D1E4AF4ABF6F3D913FFEFC1"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting <quote>one of</quote> before <quote>the model disclosure</quote>; and</text></clause> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF6FF39F5083048648362EBA18F6CFAEA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by striking <quote>form developed</quote> and inserting <quote>forms developed</quote>.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></section>
<section id="HFB285A1B628842EF9E45D7284FD888A4"><enum>403.</enum><header>Supporting outcomes-based underwriting</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 701(b) of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1691">15 U.S.C. 1691(b)</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H837613175F254F9986449279F0267EB8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (5) and (6); and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0723DC4246254DCFADCB0492397A933C"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H88867927B5C64F01A9F8B6A5D2D523AD"> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC1CE140072BF4B57B0EAC08AA224929B"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to use any empirically derived credit system to determine whether to approve an application or establish the financial or other terms of an OBF product, if that empirically derived system—</text>
<subparagraph id="H78DE38DD99D24C2C84A7769CD0851700"><enum>(A)</enum><text>considers—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H98089B6F6E2D406C9C4BFFF960C1C2E9"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the historical graduation rates, debt-to-income ratios, or income or earnings of consumers who were previously enrolled at the institution, major or program of study that the applicant is attending or will attend (or a reasonably comparable institution, major, or program of study); or</text></clause>
<clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H644FE4DD14624883BB0DE1CD24C4042A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the historical income or earnings of workers in the field or profession for which the program is preparing students; and</text></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HF8D1883FEBA14297A5DDFD52B5771161"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is demonstrably and statistically sound in accordance with regulations of the Bureau;</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></section>
<section id="HE08317003A7747A5BC207E05E62E2081"><enum>404.</enum><header>Treatment under the Fair Credit Reporting Act</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC6C8401C06E14C7796AA5F008C03AE74"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 605 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1681c">15 U.S.C. 1681c</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H996257DE8D53497382426F116615FE75"> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCA1232B4A5AD4F18832BCA5D06E89D48"><enum>(i)</enum><header>OBF product information</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB8825BE4F05743CF9CA2BAE0B2DE4437"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>In general</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">With respect to an OBF product (as that term is defined in subsection (h) of section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/1650">15 U.S.C. 1650(h)</external-xref>)), a consumer report made by a consumer reporting agency—</text>
<subparagraph id="H43D706C1BE234221B7E507A10B29455D">
<enum>(A)</enum>
<text>may include a description of the contract terms of the OBF product and, subject to subsection (a), information with respect to amounts that are owed under the OBF product; and</text>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H41F140DEA0A24F7387FE7672DB116887">
<enum>(B)</enum>
<text>with respect to an outcomes-based payment agreement, may not include any speculation about future amounts that may be owed under the outcomes-based payment agreement, including the reporting of any payment caps or early termination amounts.</text>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="H86DC22E30C2F43308F53980163A94FB7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The Bureau shall promulgate regulations with respect to the manner in which OBF providers may furnish, and consumer reporting agencies may report, information relating to OBF products.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>