Short title

This Act may be cited as the

Prevent Regulatory Overreach from Turning Essential Companies into Targets Act of 2026

or the

PROTECT USA Act of 2026

Findings

Congress finds the following: (1)The ability of citizens of the United States to engage in international commerce is a fundamental concern of the policy of the United States. (2)Entities in the extractive and manufacturing sectors contribute significantly to the prosperity of the United States and the growth of the world economy. (3)Maintaining and, in some cases, increasing access to certain supplies and materials from the extractive sector, including agriculture, energy, mining, and timber, and access to materials from the manufacturing sector, are critically important for promoting economic development and human progress in the United States and around the world. (4)Restrictions, particularly restrictions adopted unilaterally by foreign countries that are substantially different from restrictions applied by the United States, that unreasonably hinder the ability of entities integral to the national interests of the United States to pursue their commercial activities can have serious adverse effects on employment, economic stability, scientific progress, and international trade, with the potential to impede domestic and foreign policy goals. (5)Maintaining a robust United States energy supply is essential to the continued growth of the physical infrastructure supporting domestic advanced technologies, including data centers and computing hubs, and that foreign sustainability regimes with extraterritorial scope pose significant risks to United States competitiveness and innovation.

Definitions

In this Act: (1)

Entity integral to the national interests of the United States

The term entity integral to the national interests of the United States means any partnership, corporation, limited liability company, or other business entity— (A)that— (i)is organized under the laws of any State or territory within the United States, or of the District of Columbia; and (ii)conducts substantial business operations within the United States; or (B)that the President otherwise identifies as integral to the national interests of the United States. (2)

Foreign sustainability due diligence regulation

(A)

In general

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term foreign sustainability due diligence regulation means any law, regulation, or other legal instrument adopted by a foreign government that requires any person to undertake— (i)an assessment of the environmental or social impacts of its operations or value chain; (ii)action to address any impacts identified in the assessment described in clause (i); and (iii)reporting of the impacts and actions described in clauses (i) and (ii). (B)

Exception

The term foreign sustainability due diligence regulation does not apply to any law, regulation, or other legal instrument that is substantively similar to a law, regulation, or other legal instrument that has been adopted or approved by an Act of Congress. (C)

Inclusion of Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive

The term foreign sustainability due diligence regulation includes— (i)the entirety of the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive adopted by the European Union; (ii)any successor directive adopted by the European Union or any member country of the European Union; and (iii)any precursor directive adopted by any member country of the European Union.

Prohibition on compliance with foreign sustainability due diligence regulations

(a)

In general

Except as provided in subsection (b), no entity integral to the national interests of the United States may comply with any foreign sustainability due diligence regulation. (b)

Exception for ordinary business activities

Subsection (a) does not prohibit an entity from undertaking actions that it may lawfully take— (1)to comply with a statute of the United States; or (2)in the ordinary course of business, including in response to an information request from a consumer or an investor. (c)

Hardship relief process

(1)

Petition for relief

Any entity integral to the national interests of the United States that believes it will experience particular hardship in connection with the prohibition described in subsection (a) may petition the President for an exemption from such prohibition. (2)

Exemption approval

(A)

In general

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a petition from an entity submitted under paragraph (1) shall be granted. (B)

Denial by President

Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the President may deny a petition from an entity submitted under paragraph (1) if, not later than 30 days after the date on which the President receives such petition, the President provides to the entity a written statement that— (i)denies the petition on the basis that granting the petition would be contrary to the national interests of the United States; (ii)includes an explanation to support such basis; and (iii)describes any condition the entity could meet such that the petition would be granted. (3)

Factors to be considered

In deciding under paragraph (2)(B) whether to deny a petition from an entity submitted under paragraph (1), the President shall consider the following: (A)The extent to which denying the petition would result in the inability of the relevant entity to participate in value chains associated with products essential for domestic use in the United States. (B)Possible adverse effects on the economy in any locality or region of the United States, including adverse effects on employment. (C)The degree to which granting the petition would impact, directly or indirectly, the United States. (D)The extent to which denying the petition would prevent the entity from divesting in a business formed under the laws of a jurisdiction subject to a foreign sustainability due diligence regulation.

Prohibition against adverse action for compliance with this Act

(a)

In general

No person may take any adverse action towards an entity integral to the national interests of the United States for action or inaction related to a foreign sustainability due diligence regulation. (b)

Judgments for foreign sustainability due diligence regulations

No judgment by a foreign court brought against an entity integral to the national interests of the United States in relation to any foreign sustainability due diligence regulation shall be recognized in the courts of the United States or of the States, unless otherwise provided by an Act of Congress. (c)

Enforcement

(1)

Actions by the President

(A)

In general

The President shall take any action the President determines is in the public interest to protect an entity integral to the national interests of the United States from an adverse action related to a foreign sustainability due diligence regulation. (B)

Determination of public interest

In determining under subparagraph (A) whether an action by the President is in the public interest, the President shall take into account the impact of the adverse action described in that subparagraph on— (i)consumers and businesses in the United States; (ii)the economic, energy, and environmental security of the United States; and (iii)foreign relations of the United States, including existing international commitments. (2)

Penalties

A person that violates subsection (a) or a regulation issued pursuant to this Act shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than $1,000,000.