[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9117 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 9117

To promote the availability of certain healthcare information, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              June 3, 2026

Mr. Langworthy introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on 
    Education and Workforce, and Ways and Means, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To promote the availability of certain healthcare information, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Clear Healthcare Expense Cost 
Knowledge Act of 2026'' or the ``CHECK Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. OVERSIGHT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE PROVIDERS.

    (a) ERISA Amendments.--
            (1) In general.--Subpart B of part 7 of subtitle B of the 
        Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1021 
        et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 727. OVERSIGHT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE PROVIDERS.

    ``(a) In General.--For plan years beginning on or after the date 
that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, no 
agreement between a group health plan (as defined in section 733(a)), 
the plan sponsor of such plan (as defined in section 3(16)(B)), the 
plan administrator of such plan (as defined in section 3(16)(A)), or a 
business associate of such plan (as defined in section 160.103 of title 
45, Code of Federal Regulations), (or health insurance issuer offering 
group health insurance coverage in connection with such a plan), and a 
healthcare provider, network or association of providers, third-party 
administrator, service provider offering access to a network of 
providers, pharmacy benefit managers, or any other third party (each 
referred to as a `health plan service provider') is permissible if such 
agreement limits (or delays beyond the applicable reporting period 
described in subsection (b)(1)) the disclosure of information to group 
health plans in such a manner that prevents such plan, issuer, or 
entity from providing the information described in subsection (b).
    ``(b) Required Disclosures.--
            ``(1) Contents and frequency.--With respect to plan years 
        beginning on or after the date that is 2 years after the date 
        of enactment of this section, not less frequently than 
        quarterly, a health plan service provider shall provide to the 
        group health plan or health insurance issuer the following 
        information at no cost to the group health plan or health 
        insurance issuer:
                    ``(A) The information described in section 
                724(a)(1)(B).
                    ``(B) Any contractual and subcontractual 
                calculation methodologies, pricing or fee schedules, or 
                other formulae used to determine reimbursement amounts 
                to providers and subcontractors, including 
                methodologies, schedules, fee structures, and any 
                applied adjustments or modifiers, with such information 
                provided in a manner sufficiently detailed to enable 
                the group health plan or health insurance issuer to 
                accurately assess, verify, and ensure compliance with 
                the terms of any contractual and subcontractual 
                agreement governing the reimbursement amounts.
                    ``(C) The total amount received or expected to be 
                received by the health plan service provider or its 
                subcontractors in provider or supplier rebates, fees, 
                alternative discounts, and all other remuneration 
                including amounts held in escrow or variance accounts 
                that has been paid or is to be paid for claims incurred 
                and administrative services including data sales or 
                network payments.
                    ``(D) The total amount paid or expected to be paid 
                by the health plan service provider or to 
                subcontractors in rebates, fees, contractual 
                arrangements, and all other remuneration that has been 
                paid or is expected to be paid for administrative and 
                other services.
                    ``(E) All payment data and reconciliation 
                information related to alternative compensation 
                arrangements including accountable care organizations, 
                value-based programs, shared savings programs, 
                incentive compensation, bundled payments, capitation 
                arrangements, performance payments, and any other 
                reimbursement or payment models, where the group health 
                plan or health insurance issuer paid fees, incurred 
                obligations, or made payments in connection with the 
                group health plan related to such arrangements.
            ``(2) Privacy requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Health plan service providers 
                shall provide the information or data under paragraph 
                (1) consistent with the privacy, security, and breach 
                notification regulations at parts 160 and 164 of title 
                45, Code of Federal Regulations, promulgated under 
                subtitle F of the Health Insurance Portability and 
                Accountability Act of 1996, subtitle D of the Health 
                Information Technology for Clinical Health Act of 2009, 
                and section 1180 of the Social Security Act, and shall 
                restrict the use and disclosure of such information 
                according to such privacy, security, and breach 
                notification regulations. An entity that receives a 
                disclosure from a party in interest pursuant to 
                subparagraph (B) or (C) shall comply with the privacy 
                and security regulations promulgated under HIPAA.
                    ``(B) Restrictions.--A group health plan shall 
                comply with section 164.504(f) of title 45, Code of 
                Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation), and a 
                plan sponsor shall act in accordance with the terms of 
                the agreement described in such section.
                    ``(C) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                section shall be construed to modify the requirements 
                for the creation, receipt, maintenance, or transmission 
                of protected health information under the HIPAA privacy 
                regulations (45 C.F.R. parts 160 and 164, subparts A 
                and E).
            ``(3) Disclosure and redisclosure.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A group health plan receiving 
                information under paragraph (1) may disclose such 
                information only--
                            ``(i) to the entity from which the 
                        information was received or to that entity's 
                        business associates or to the group health 
                        plan's business associates as defined in 
                        section 160.103 of title 45, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations (or successor regulations); or
                            ``(ii) as permitted by the HIPAA Privacy 
                        Rule (45 C.F.R. parts 160 and 164, subparts A 
                        and E).
                    ``(B) Availability of information.--To the extent 
                the information required by this subsection is made 
                available to the health insurance issuer offering group 
                health insurance in connection with a group health 
                plan, the health insurance issuer shall make such 
                information available, at the same time, in the same 
                format, and at no cost, to the group health plan.
                    ``(C) Failure to provide.--The obligation to 
                provide information pursuant to this subsection shall 
                exist notwithstanding the presence of any formal data-
                sharing agreement between the parties. Failure to 
                provide the required information as specified shall 
                constitute a violation of this Act and the Secretary 
                shall initiate enforcement action under section 502 
                within 90 days of becoming aware of a violation of this 
                section, except that nothing in this section shall be 
                construed to limit the Secretary's existing authority 
                under the Act.
            ``(4) Data format standards.--All data and information 
        provided pursuant to this subsection shall comply with the 
        following standards:
                    ``(A) All claims from a healthcare provider shall 
                be made to the group health plan in accordance with 
                transactions standards adopted under HIPAA, as follows:
                            ``(i) Institutional, professional, and 
                        dental claims and adjustments to these claims 
                        shall be in ASC X12N 837 format, as transmitted 
                        by the provider, or, in the case of paper 
                        claims, converted to the ASC X12N 837 
                        electronic format.
                            ``(ii) Prescription drug claims shall be in 
                        the National Council for Prescription Drug 
                        Programs (NCPDP) format, as transmitted by the 
                        provider, or in the case of paper claims, 
                        converted to the NCPDP electronic format.
                            ``(iii) Such data shall be provided at no 
                        cost to the group health plan.
                    ``(B) All claim payment (or EFT, electronic funds 
                transfer) and electronic remittance advice (ERA) 
                information sent by a health plan service provider 
                shall be provided to the group health plan or health 
                insurance issuer in the ASC X12N 835 format in 
                accordance with transaction standards adopted under 
                HIPAA, unmodified from the form in which it was 
                transmitted to the healthcare provider. Such 
                information shall be provided at no cost to the group 
                health plan or health insurance issuer.
                    ``(C) The Secretary may modify the standards set 
                forth in this paragraph as necessary to align with any 
                changes adopted by the Secretary of Health and Human 
                Services pursuant to the authority provided under 
                section 1173 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1320d-2).
    ``(c) Prohibited Contractual Provisions.--Any provision in an 
agreement between a group health plan, the plan sponsor, the plan 
administrator, or a business associate of such plan or a health 
insurance issuer and a health plan service provider that unduly delays 
or limits a group health plan's or health insurance issuer's access to 
information described in this section or that restricts the format or 
timing of the provision of such information in a manner that is 
inconsistent with the requirements of this section shall be prohibited 
and, if a group health plan or health insurance issuer enters into such 
agreement, shall be deemed void as against public policy.
    ``(d) Penalties for Non-Compliance.--Any failure by a health plan 
service provider to comply with the requirements of this section shall 
result in the imposition of a civil penalty of $100,000 for each day 
the violation continues, in addition to any other penalties prescribed 
by law.
    ``(e) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.
            (2) Penalty.--
                    (A) In general.--Section 502(a) of the Employee 
                Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 
                1132(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(14) The Secretary may assess a civil penalty against any 
        person of $100,000 per day for each violation by any person of 
        section 726.''.
                    (B) Technical amendment.--Paragraph (6) of section 
                502(a) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act 
                of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1132(a)) is amended by striking ``or 
                (9)'' and inserting it with the phrase ``(9), (13), or 
                (14)''.
    (b) PHSA Amendments.--
            (1) In general.--Part D of title XXVII of the Public Health 
        Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-111 et seq.) is amended by adding 
        at the end the following:

``SEC. 2799A-12. OVERSIGHT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE PROVIDERS.

    ``(a) In General.--For plan years beginning on or after the date 
that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, no 
agreement between a group health plan that is a self-funded, non-
Federal governmental plan, as defined in section 2791(d)(8)(C) (42 
U.S.C. 300gg-91(d)(8)(C)), and a healthcare provider, network or 
association of providers, third-party administrator, service provider 
offering access to a network of providers, pharmacy benefit managers, 
or any other third party (each referred to in this section as a `health 
plan service provider') is permissible if such agreement limits (or 
delays beyond the applicable reporting period described in subsection 
(b)(1)) the disclosure of information to group health plans in such a 
manner that prevents such plan, issuer, or entity from providing the 
information described in subsection (b).
    ``(b) Required Disclosures.--
            ``(1) Contents and frequency.--With respect to plan years 
        beginning on or after the date that is 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this section, not less frequently than quarterly, 
        a health plan service provider shall provide to the group 
        health plan that is a self-funded, non-Federal governmental 
        plan the following information at no cost to the plan:
                    ``(A) The information described in section 2799A-
                9(a)(1)(B) (42 U.S.C. 300gg-119(a)(1)(B)).
                    ``(B) Any contractual and subcontractual 
                calculation methodologies, pricing or fee schedules, or 
                other formulae used to determine reimbursement amounts 
                to providers and subcontractors, including 
                methodologies, schedules, fee structures, and any 
                applied adjustments or modifiers, with such information 
                provided in a manner sufficiently detailed to enable 
                the group health plan to accurately assess, verify, and 
                ensure compliance with the terms of any contractual and 
                subcontractual agreement governing the reimbursement 
                amounts.
                    ``(C) The total amount received or expected to be 
                received by the health plan service provider or its 
                subcontractors in provider or supplier rebates, fees, 
                alternative discounts, and all other remuneration 
                including amounts held in escrow or variance accounts 
                that has been paid or is to be paid for claims incurred 
                and administrative services including data sales or 
                network payments.
                    ``(D) The total amount paid or expected to be paid 
                by the health plan service provider or to 
                subcontractors in rebates, fees, contractual 
                arrangements, and all other remuneration that has been 
                paid or is expected to be paid for administrative and 
                other services.
                    ``(E) All payment data and reconciliation 
                information related to alternative compensation 
                arrangements including accountable care organizations, 
                value-based programs, shared savings programs, 
                incentive compensation, bundled payments, capitation 
                arrangements, performance payments, and any other 
                reimbursement or payment models, where the group health 
                plan paid fees, incurred obligations, or made payments 
                in connection with the group health plan related to 
                such arrangements.
            ``(2) Privacy requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Health plan service providers 
                shall provide the information or data under paragraph 
                (1) consistent with the privacy, security, and breach 
                notification regulations at parts 160 and 164 of title 
                45, Code of Federal Regulations, promulgated under 
                subtitle F of the Health Insurance Portability and 
                Accountability Act of 1996, subtitle D of the Health 
                Information Technology for Clinical Health Act of 2009, 
                and section 1180 of the Social Security Act, and shall 
                restrict the use and disclosure of such information 
                according to such privacy, security, and breach 
                notification regulations. An entity that receives a 
                disclosure from a party in interest pursuant to 
                subparagraph (B) or (C) shall comply with the privacy 
                and security regulations promulgated under HIPAA.
                    ``(B) Restrictions.--A group health plan that is a 
                self-funded, non-Federal governmental plan shall comply 
                with section 164.504(f) of title 45, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or a successor regulation), and a plan 
                sponsor shall act in accordance with the terms of the 
                agreement described in such section.
                    ``(C) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                section shall be construed to modify the requirements 
                for the creation, receipt, maintenance, or transmission 
                of protected health information under the HIPAA privacy 
                regulations (45 C.F.R. parts 160 and 164, subparts A 
                and E).
            ``(3) Disclosure and redisclosure.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A group health plan that is a 
                self-funded, non-Federal governmental plan receiving 
                information under paragraph (1) may disclose such 
                information only--
                            ``(i) to the entity from which the 
                        information was received or to that entity's 
                        business associates as defined in section 
                        160.103 of title 45, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations (or successor regulations); or
                            ``(ii) as permitted by the HIPAA Privacy 
                        Rule (45 C.F.R. parts 160 and 164, subparts A 
                        and E).
                    ``(B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                section shall be construed to prevent a group health 
                plan that is a self-funded, non-Federal governmental 
                plan, or a health plan service provider providing 
                services with respect to such a plan, from placing 
                reasonable restrictions on the public disclosure of the 
                information described in paragraph (1), except that 
                such plan or entity may not restrict disclosure of such 
                information to the Department of Health and Human 
                Services, the Department of Labor, the Department of 
                the Treasury, or the Comptroller General of the United 
                States.
                    ``(C) Failure to provide.--The obligation to 
                provide information pursuant to this subsection shall 
                exist notwithstanding the presence of any formal data-
                sharing agreement between the parties. Failure to 
                provide the required information as specified shall 
                constitute a violation of this Act and the Secretary 
                shall initiate enforcement action under section 2723(b) 
                (42 U.S.C. 300gg-22(b)) within 90 days of becoming 
                aware of a violation of this section, except that 
                nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the 
                Secretary's existing authority under this Act.
            ``(4) Data format standards.--All data and information 
        provided pursuant to this subsection shall comply with the 
        following standards:
                    ``(A) All claims from a healthcare provider shall 
                be made to the group health plan in accordance with 
                standards adopted under HIPAA at section 162.1101 of 
                title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, as follows:
                            ``(i) Institutional, professional, and 
                        dental claims and adjustments to these claims 
                        shall be provided to the group health plan that 
                        is a self-funded, non-Federal governmental plan 
                        in the ASC X12N 837 format.
                            ``(ii) Prescription drug claims shall be in 
                        the National Council for Prescription Drug 
                        Programs (NCPDP) format.
                            ``(iii) The files shall be unmodified 
                        copies of the files sent from the provider. In 
                        the event that paper claims are sent by the 
                        provider, they shall be converted to the 
                        appropriate standard electronic format. Such 
                        data shall be provided at no cost to the group 
                        health plan.
                    ``(B) All claim payment (or EFT, electronic funds 
                transfer) and electronic remittance advice (ERA) 
                information sent by a health plan service provider 
                shall be provided to the group health plan or health 
                insurance issuer in the ASC X12N 835 format, in 
                accordance with standards adopted under HIPAA at 
                section 162.1602 of title 45, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, unmodified from the form in which it was 
                transmitted to the healthcare provider. Such 
                information shall be provided at no cost to the group 
                health plan.
                    ``(C) The Secretary may modify the standards set 
                forth in this paragraph as necessary to align with any 
                changes adopted by the Secretary pursuant to the 
                authority provided under section 1173 of the Social 
                Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320d-2).
    ``(c) Prohibited Contractual Provisions.--Any provision in an 
agreement that unduly delays or limits a group health plan that is a 
self-funded, non-Federal governmental plan's access to information 
described in this section or that restricts the format or timing of the 
provision of such information in a manner that is inconsistent with the 
requirements of this section shall be prohibited and, if a self-funded, 
non-Federal governmental plan enters into such agreement, shall be 
deemed void as against public policy.
    ``(d) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.
            (2) Penalty.--Section 2723(b) of the Public Health Service 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-22(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(4) Enforcement authority relating to health plan service 
        providers.--Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary, the 
        Secretary may assess a penalty against a health plan service 
        provider, as defined in section 2799A-12(a) (42 U.S.C. 300gg-
        121(a)), of $100,000 per day for each violation of such 
        section, pursuant to substantially similar processes and 
        procedures as those set forth in section 2723(b)(2)(D) through 
        (G) (42 U.S.C. 300gg-121(b)(2)(D) through (G)).''.

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENT FOR EXPLANATION OF BENEFITS.

    (a) PHSA Amendments.--
            (1) Emergency services.--Section 2799A-1(f)(1)(C) of the 
        Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-111(f)(1)(C)) is 
        amended to read as follows:
                    ``(C) A good faith estimate of the amount the plan 
                or coverage is responsible for paying for items and 
                services included in the estimate described in 
                subparagraph (B), including a plain language 
                description of each item or service and all applicable 
                billing codes for each item or service, including 
                modifiers, using standard and commonly recognized 
                billing code sets that are clearly identified.''.
            (2) Explanation of benefits.--Section 2799A-1 of the Public 
        Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-111) is amended by adding 
        at the end the following:
    ``(g) Explanation of Benefits.--
            ``(1) In general.--For plan years beginning on or after 
        January 1, 2026, each group health plan, or a health insurance 
        issuer offering group or individual health insurance coverage 
        shall, within 45 days of receiving any request for payment for 
        an item or service under the plan, provide to the participant, 
        beneficiary, or enrollee (through mail or electronic means, as 
        requested by the participant, beneficiary, or enrollee) a 
        notification (in clear and understandable language and 
        utilizing substantially the same format as the advanced 
        explanation of benefits required by subsection (f) to enable 
        comparison) including the following:
                    ``(A) Whether or not the provider or facility is a 
                participating provider or a participating facility with 
                respect to the plan or coverage with respect to the 
                furnishing of such item or service.
                    ``(B) An itemized explanation of benefits that 
                includes the following:
                            ``(i) A plain language description of each 
                        item or service.
                            ``(ii) All applicable billing codes for 
                        each item or service, including modifiers, 
                        using standard and commonly recognized billing 
                        code sets that are clearly identified.
                            ``(iii) The amount the plan or coverage is 
                        responsible for paying for each item or 
                        service.
                            ``(iv) The amount of any cost-sharing for 
                        which the participant, beneficiary, or enrollee 
                        is responsible for each item or service (as of 
                        the date of such notification).
                            ``(v) The amount that the participant, 
                        beneficiary, or enrollee has incurred toward 
                        meeting the limit of the financial 
                        responsibility (including with respect to 
                        deductibles and out-of-pocket maximums) under 
                        the plan or coverage (as of the date of such 
                        notification).
                            ``(vi) The site of each item or service.
            ``(2) Format.--If applicable, the notification described in 
        paragraph (1) may be provided in conjunction with, or as part 
        of, a notice of a claim determination or other communication 
        required by section 2719(a) (42 U.S.C. 300gg-19(a)), or 
        regulations thereunder.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.
    (b) IRC Amendments.--
            (1) Emergency services.--Section 9816(f)(1)(C) of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(C) A good faith estimate of the amount the plan 
                is responsible for paying for items and services 
                included in the estimate described in subparagraph (B), 
                including a plain language description of each item or 
                service and all applicable billing codes for each item 
                or service, including modifiers, using standard and 
                commonly recognized billing code sets that are clearly 
                identified.''.
            (2) Explanation of benefits.--Section 9816 of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
    ``(g) Explanation of Benefits.--
            ``(1) In general.--For plan years beginning on or after 
        January 1, 2026, each group health plan shall, within 45 days 
        of receiving any request for payment for an item or service 
        under the plan, provide to the participant or beneficiary 
        (through mail or electronic means, as requested by the 
        participant or beneficiary) a notification (in clear and 
        understandable language and utilizing substantially the same 
        format as the advanced explanation of benefits required by 
        subsection (f) to enable comparison) including the following:
                    ``(A) Whether or not the provider or facility is a 
                participating provider or a participating facility with 
                respect to the plan with respect to the furnishing of 
                such item or service.
                    ``(B) An itemized explanation of benefits that 
                includes the following:
                            ``(i) A plain language description of each 
                        item or service.
                            ``(ii) All applicable billing codes for 
                        each item or service, including modifiers, 
                        using standard and commonly recognized billing 
                        code sets that are clearly identified.
                            ``(iii) The amount the plan is responsible 
                        for paying for each item or service.
                            ``(iv) The amount of any cost-sharing for 
                        which the participant or beneficiary is 
                        responsible for each item or service (as of the 
                        date of such notification).
                            ``(v) The amount that the participant or 
                        beneficiary has incurred toward meeting the 
                        limit of the financial responsibility 
                        (including with respect to deductibles and out-
                        of-pocket maximums) under the plan (as of the 
                        date of such notification).
                            ``(vi) The site of each item or service.
            ``(2) Format.--If applicable, the notification described in 
        paragraph (1) may be provided in conjunction with, or as part 
        of, a notice of a claim determination or other communication 
        required by section 503 of the Employee Retirement Income 
        Security Act of 1974 or regulations thereunder.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.
    (c) ERISA Amendments.--
            (1) Emergency services.--Section 716(f)(1)(C) of the 
        Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 
        1185e(f)(1)(C)) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(C) A good faith estimate of the amount the 
                health plan is responsible for paying for items and 
                services included in the estimate described in 
                subparagraph (B), including a plain language 
                description of each item or service and all applicable 
                billing codes for each item or service, including 
                modifiers, using standard and commonly recognized 
                billing code sets that are clearly identified.''.
            (2) Explanation of benefits.--Section 716 of the Employee 
        Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1185e) is 
        amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Explanation of Benefits.--
            ``(1) In general.--For plan years beginning on or after 
        January 1, 2026, each group health plan or health insurance 
        issuer offering group health insurance coverage shall, within 
        45 days of receiving any request for payment for an item or 
        service under the plan, provide to the participant or 
        beneficiary (through mail or electronic means, as requested by 
        the participant or beneficiary) a notification (in clear and 
        understandable language and utilizing substantially the same 
        format as the advanced explanation of benefits required by 
        subsection (f) to enable comparison) including the following:
                    ``(A) Whether or not the provider or facility is a 
                participating provider or a participating facility with 
                respect to the plan or coverage with respect to the 
                furnishing of such item or service.
                    ``(B) An itemized explanation of benefits that 
                includes the following:
                            ``(i) A plain language description of each 
                        item or service.
                            ``(ii) All applicable billing codes for 
                        each item or service, including modifiers, 
                        using standard and commonly recognized billing 
                        code sets that are clearly identified.
                            ``(iii) The amount the plan or coverage is 
                        responsible for paying for each item or 
                        service.
                            ``(iv) The amount of any cost-sharing for 
                        which the participant or beneficiary is 
                        responsible for each item or service (as of the 
                        date of such notification).
                            ``(v) The amount that the participant or 
                        beneficiary has incurred toward meeting the 
                        limit of the financial responsibility 
                        (including with respect to deductibles and out-
                        of-pocket maximums) under the plan or coverage 
                        (as of the date of such notification).
                            ``(vi) The site of each item or service.
            ``(2) Format.--If applicable, the notification described in 
        paragraph (1) may be provided in conjunction with, or as part 
        of, a notice of a claim determination or other communication 
        required by section 503 or regulations thereunder.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.

SEC. 4. PROVISION OF ITEMIZED BILLS.

    Part E of title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
300gg-131 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2799B-10. PROVIDER REQUIREMENTS FOR ITEMIZED BILLS.

    ``(a) Requirements.--
            ``(1) Itemized bill and other information required.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A healthcare provider or 
                healthcare facility that requests payment from an 
                individual after providing a healthcare item or service 
                to the patient shall include with such request a 
                written, itemized bill of the cost of each reasonably 
                expected item or service the healthcare provider or 
                healthcare facility provided to the individual, 
                including telehealth visits or visits by other 
                electronic means. The healthcare provider or healthcare 
                facility shall provide the itemized bill not later than 
                30 days after the healthcare provider or healthcare 
                facility received a final payment on the provided 
                service or supply from a third party.
                    ``(B) Required information.--For each item or 
                service provided by the healthcare provider or facility 
                or for which the healthcare provider or facility is 
                billing the individual, the itemized bill must 
                include--
                            ``(i) a plain language description of each 
                        distinct healthcare item or service;
                            ``(ii) all applicable billing codes for 
                        each distinct healthcare item or service, 
                        including modifiers, using standard and 
                        commonly recognized billing code sets that are 
                        clearly identified;
                            ``(iii) the price and billed amount, if 
                        different, of each distinct healthcare item or 
                        service or if the provider or facility is 
                        offering binding, all-in prices for bundled 
                        items and services, the total binding price for 
                        bundled items and services and billed amount;
                            ``(iv) any payments made to the healthcare 
                        provider or healthcare facility by or on behalf 
                        of the individual (including payments by any 
                        health plan or insurance) for any healthcare 
                        item or service covered in the itemized bill;
                            ``(v) information about the availability of 
                        language-assistance services for individuals 
                        with limited English proficiency (LEP);
                            ``(vi) the identification of an office or 
                        individual at the healthcare provider or 
                        healthcare facility, including phone number and 
                        email address, that shall be able to discuss 
                        the specific details of the itemized statement 
                        and be authorized to make appropriate changes 
                        thereto; and
                            ``(vii) information about the healthcare 
                        provider's or healthcare facility's charity 
                        care policies and instructions on how to apply 
                        for charity care.
            ``(2) Collections actions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A healthcare provider or 
                healthcare facility shall not take any collections 
                actions against an individual--
                            ``(i) for any provided healthcare item or 
                        service unless the healthcare provider or 
                        healthcare facility has complied with paragraph 
                        (1); or
                            ``(ii) with respect to any items or 
                        services for which the amount appearing on an 
                        itemized bill described above in paragraph (1) 
                        exceeds the amount disclosed pursuant to 
                        Federal healthcare price transparency 
                        regulations, including part 180 of title 45, 
                        Code of Federal Regulations, or provided in a 
                        good faith estimate that complies with section 
                        2799B-6 of this Act and section 149.610 of 
                        title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
                        another good faith estimate provided by a 
                        healthcare entity covered under this section 
                        but not otherwise covered under such section 
                        2799B-6 unless the provider or facility 
                        documents that the additional items or services 
                        were medically necessary due to unforeseen 
                        complications or a patient-initiated change, 
                        and could not reasonably have been anticipated.
                    ``(B) Burden of proof.--The burden of proof under 
                subparagraph (A)(ii) shall rest with the provider, and 
                absent the documentation described in such 
                subparagraph, the good faith estimate shall be binding.
    ``(b) Failure To Comply.--
            ``(1) Penalties.--The Secretary shall impose penalties on 
        any healthcare provider or healthcare facility that fails to 
        comply with the requirements of this section in an amount not 
        to exceed $10,000 for each instance of failure to comply.
            ``(2) Presumption in favor of individual.--If a healthcare 
        provider or healthcare facility fails to comply with the 
        requirements of this section, the presumption shall be that 
        charges were substantially in excess of the good faith estimate 
        (as set forth in section 2799B-6) for the purpose of any 
        patient-provider dispute, including in accordance with section 
        2799B-7 and regulations promulgated thereunder.
    ``(c) Regulations.--The Secretary shall implement this section 
through notice and comment rulemaking in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code.''.
                                 <all>