[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8616 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 8616

To establish the Caja del Rio Special Management Area and Caja del Rio 
 National Conservation Area in the State of New Mexico, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             April 30, 2026

 Ms. Leger Fernandez introduced the following bill; which was referred 
                 to the Committee on Natural Resources

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To establish the Caja del Rio Special Management Area and Caja del Rio 
 National Conservation Area in the State of New Mexico, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Caja del Rio 
Protection Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
             TITLE I--CAJA DEL RIO SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA

Sec. 101. Establishment of the Caja del Rio Special Management Area.
Sec. 102. Management of the Special Management Area.
           TITLE II--CAJA DEL RIO NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA

Sec. 201. Establishment of the Caja del Rio National Conservation Area.
Sec. 202. Management of the Conservation Area.
Sec. 203. Land exchanges.
                     TITLE III--GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sec. 301. Management of Covered Areas.
Sec. 302. Tribal contracting and protected rights.
Sec. 303. Effect.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Conservation area.--The term ``Conservation Area'' 
        means the Caja del Rio National Conservation Area established 
        by section 201(a)(1).
            (2) Covered area.--The term ``covered area'' means each 
        of--
                    (A) the Conservation Area; and
                    (B) the Special Management Area.
            (3) Decommission.--The term ``decommission,'' with respect 
        to a road, means--
                    (A) reestablishing native vegetation on the road;
                    (B) effectively blocking the road to vehicular 
                traffic, where feasible; and
                    (C) developing and implementing an effective 
                monitoring and response plan for invasive species and 
                vehicular traffic incursions.
            (4) Ecological restoration.--The term ``ecological 
        restoration'' has the meaning given the term ``restoration'' in 
        section 4 of the Southwest Forest Health and Wildfire 
        Prevention Act of 2004 (16 U.S.C. 6703).
            (5) Indian land.--The term ``Indian land'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``Indian lands'' in section 4 of the Indian 
        Gaming Regulatory Act (25 U.S.C. 2703).
            (6) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe'' means the 
        governing body of any Indian or Alaska Native tribe, band, 
        nation, pueblo, village, community, component band, or 
        component reservation individually identified (including 
        parenthetically) in the list published most recently as of the 
        date of enactment of this Act pursuant to section 104 of the 
        Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 
        5131).
            (7) Indigenous knowledge.--The term ``Indigenous 
        knowledge'' has the meaning given the term in section 219.19 of 
        title 36, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor 
        regulation).
            (8) Interested indian tribe.--The term ``interested Indian 
        Tribe'', with respect to the covered area, means an Indian 
        Tribe with--
                    (A) historic, precontact, cultural, or religious 
                connections to the public land within the covered area;
                    (B) a former reservation located within the covered 
                area; or
                    (C) treaty rights or other reserved rights 
                associated with the covered area.
            (9) Land grant-merced.--The term ``land grant-merced'' 
        means a community land grant issued under the laws or customs 
        of the Government of Spain or Mexico that--
                    (A) is recognized under New Mexico Statutes Chapter 
                49, Articles 1 and 4 (or a successor statute);
                    (B) has a record of traditional historic use in the 
                covered area; or
                    (C) has a patented exterior boundary that is or was 
                previously located on or adjacent to the covered area.
            (10) Map.--The term ``Map'' means the map entitled ``The 
        Caja del Rio Special management Area and National Conservation 
        Area'' and dated April 20, 2026.
            (11) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means--
                    (A) in title I, the Secretary of Agriculture;
                    (B) in title II, the Secretary of the Interior; and
                    (C) in this section and title III--
                            (i) the Secretary of the Interior, with 
                        respect to land under the jurisdiction of the 
                        Secretary of the Interior; and
                            (ii) the Secretary of Agriculture, with 
                        respect to land under the jurisdiction of the 
                        Secretary of Agriculture.
            (12) Special management area.--The term ``Special 
        Management Area'' means the Caja del Rio Special Management 
        Area established by section 101(a)(1).
            (13) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of New 
        Mexico.
            (14) Traditional historic community.--The term 
        ``traditional historic community'' means a historic community 
        that--
                    (A) meets the definition of that term in New Mexico 
                Statutes Section 3-7-1.1 (or a successor statute); and
                    (B) has a record of traditional historic use in the 
                covered area.
            (15) Traditional historic use.--The term ``traditional 
        historic use'' means a habitual use conducted by a land grant-
        merced or traditional historic community within the covered 
        area for noncommercial or personal benefit, including--
                    (A) hunting, fishing, grazing, wood gathering, 
                pinon harvesting, or herb and plant gathering; or
                    (B) any long-established and habitual and 
                sustainable use by the land grant-merced or traditional 
                historic community, as determined by the Secretary, in 
                coordination with the land grant-merced or traditional 
                historic community, that is agreed to in writing by the 
                Secretary and the land grant-merced or traditional 
                historic community.
            (16) Tribal organization.--The term ``Tribal organization'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the Indian 
        Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
        5304), except that such organization shall be affiliated with 
        an interested Indian Tribe.
            (17) Withdrawal area.--The term ``withdrawal area'' means 
        the area withdrawn by section 401.

             TITLE I--CAJA DEL RIO SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA

SEC. 101. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CAJA DEL RIO SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA.

    (a) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights, there is 
        established the Caja del Rio Special Management Area in the 
        State.
            (2) Land included.--The Special Management Area shall 
        consist of approximately 67,163 acres of Federal land in the 
        Santa Fe National Forest in the State as generally depicted as 
        ``Caja del Rio Special Management Area'' on the Map.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Special Management Area are--
            (1) to conserve and permanently protect the cultural, 
        spiritual, religious, scenic viewshed, ecological, wildlife 
        habitat, natural, geological, historical, and traditional 
        values of the Special Management Area; and
            (2) to enhance opportunities for interested Indian Tribes 
        to engage in the preservation and management of the Special 
        Management Area.

SEC. 102. MANAGEMENT OF THE SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall manage the Special Management 
Area--
            (1) subject to valid existing rights;
            (2) in accordance with--
                    (A) this Act;
                    (B) the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 
                Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1600 et seq.); and
                    (C) any other applicable laws; and
            (3) in a manner that conserves, protects, and enhances the 
        resources of the Special Management Area.
    (b) Uses.--The Secretary shall allow only uses of the Special 
Management Area that are consistent with--
            (1) opportunities for cultural, spiritual, religious, 
        medicinal, and traditional historic practices within the 
        Special Management Area; and
            (2) the purposes described in section 101(b).
    (c) Management Plan.--
            (1) Plan required.--Not later than 3 years after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop a 
        comprehensive management plan for the long-term management of 
        the Special Management Area.
            (2) Coordination and consultation.--The Secretary shall 
        prepare and revise the management plan required under paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A) in coordination with--
                            (i) the Secretary of the Interior, with 
                        respect to the development of a management plan 
                        for the Conservation Area and the withdrawal 
                        area, as described in section 202(c);
                            (ii) the Director of the National Park 
                        Service and the Director of the Bureau of Land 
                        Management, with respect to the administration, 
                        protection, and interpretation of the El Camino 
                        Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail;
                            (iii) the State; and
                            (iv) applicable units of local government, 
                        including any applicable land grant-mercedes or 
                        traditional historic communities; and
                    (B) in consultation with interested Indian Tribes.
            (3) Travel management.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall include in the 
                management plan required under paragraph (1) a travel 
                management plan to decrease unauthorized road access 
                and motorized use in the Special Management Area.
                    (B) Designation and maintenance of roads.--
                            (i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), only roads depicted on the Map 
                        shall be designated and maintained by the 
                        Secretary in the Special Management Area.
                            (ii) Additional roads.--The Secretary may 
                        designate roads in the Special Management Area 
                        in addition to the roads referred to in clause 
                        (i) if the Secretary determines the additional 
                        roads are necessary--
                                    (I) to achieve the purposes 
                                described in section 101(b); or
                                    (II) not more than 1 mile from the 
                                historic settlement area commonly known 
                                as ``Buckman'', to accommodate critical 
                                water infrastructure or recreation 
                                access.
            (4) Existing agreements.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall incorporate into the 
        management plan required under paragraph (1) stewardship 
        agreements or contracts relating to the Federal land described 
        in section 101(a)(2) that exist on the date of enactment of 
        this Act.
            (5) Cooperating agency.--At the request of an interested 
        Indian Tribe, the Secretary shall include the interested Indian 
        Tribe as a cooperating agency in the development and revision 
        of the management plan required under paragraph (1).
            (6) Indigenous knowledge.--At the request of an interested 
        Indian Tribe, the Secretary shall ensure that Indigenous 
        knowledge is incorporated into the development and revision of 
        the management plan required under paragraph (1).
    (d) Maps and Legal Descriptions.--
            (1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall file maps and legal 
        descriptions of the Special Management Area with--
                    (A) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
                of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (2) Force of law.--The maps and legal descriptions filed 
        under paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if 
        included in this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 
        errors in the maps and legal descriptions.
            (3) Public availability.--The maps and legal descriptions 
        filed under paragraph (1) shall be on file and available for 
        public inspection in the appropriate offices of the Forest 
        Service.

           TITLE II--CAJA DEL RIO NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA

SEC. 201. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CAJA DEL RIO NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA.

    (a) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights, there is 
        established the Caja del Rio National Conservation Area in the 
        State.
            (2) Land included.--The Conservation Area shall consist of 
        approximately 17,837 acres of Bureau of Land Management land in 
        the State as generally depicted as ``Caja del Rio-National 
        Conservation Area'' on the Map.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Conservation Area are--
            (1) to conserve and permanently protect the cultural, 
        spiritual, religious, scenic viewshed, ecological, wildlife 
        habitat, natural, geological, historical, and traditional 
        values of the Conservation Area; and
            (2) to enhance opportunities for interested Indian Tribes 
        to engage in the preservation and management of the 
        Conservation Area.

SEC. 202. MANAGEMENT OF THE CONSERVATION AREA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall manage the Conservation Area--
            (1) subject to valid and existing rights;
            (2) in accordance with--
                    (A) this Act;
                    (B) the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 
                1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); and
                    (C) any other applicable laws;
            (3) in a manner that conserves, protects, and enhances the 
        resources of the Conservation Area; and
            (4) as a component of the National Landscape Conservation 
        System.
    (b) Uses.--The Secretary shall allow only uses of the Conservation 
Area that are consistent with--
            (1) opportunities to undertake cultural, spiritual, 
        religious, medicinal, or traditional historic use practices in 
        the Conservation Area; and
            (2) the purposes described in section 201(b).
    (c) Management Plan.--
            (1) Plan required.--Not later than 3 years after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop a 
        comprehensive management plan for the long-term management of 
        the Conservation Area and the withdrawal area.
            (2) Coordination and consultation.--The Secretary shall 
        prepare and revise the management plan required under paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A) in coordination with--
                            (i) the Secretary of Agriculture, with 
                        respect to the development of a management plan 
                        for the Special Management Area, as described 
                        in section 102(c);
                            (ii) the Director of the National Park 
                        Service and the Chief of the Forest Service, 
                        with respect to the administration, protection, 
                        and interpretation of the El Camino Real de 
                        Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail;
                            (iii) the State; and
                            (iv) applicable units of local government, 
                        including any applicable land grant-mercedes or 
                        traditional historic communities; and
                    (B) in consultation with interested Indian Tribes.
            (3) Existing agreements.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall incorporate into the 
        management plan required under paragraph (1) stewardship 
        agreements or contracts relating to the Federal land described 
        in section 201(a)(2) that exist on the date of enactment of 
        this Act.
            (4) Cooperating agency.--At the request of an interested 
        Indian Tribe, the Secretary shall include the interested Indian 
        Tribe as a cooperating agency in the development and revision 
        of the management plan required under paragraph (1).
            (5) Indigenous knowledge.--At the request of an interested 
        Indian Tribe, the Secretary shall ensure that Indigenous 
        knowledge is incorporated into the development and revision of 
        the management plan required under paragraph (1).
    (d) Travel Management.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall prepare a travel 
        management plan to decrease unauthorized road access and 
        motorized use in the Conservation Area and the withdrawal area.
            (2) Requirement.--In preparing the travel management plan 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall designate the use of 
        motorized vehicles only on--
                    (A) the road within the Conservation Area 
                identified as CR 55C or ``Old Route 66''; and
                    (B) any roads in the Conservation Area and the 
                withdrawal area that the Secretary determines to be 
                necessary--
                            (i) to achieve the purposes described in 
                        section 201(b); and
                            (ii) to allow for access to private 
                        property or critical infrastructure.
    (e) Maps and Legal Descriptions.--
            (1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall file maps and legal 
        descriptions of the Conservation Area with--
                    (A) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
                of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (2) Force of law.--The maps and legal descriptions filed 
        under paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if 
        included in this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 
        errors in the maps and legal descriptions.
            (3) Public availability.--The maps and legal descriptions 
        filed under paragraph (1) shall be on file and available for 
        public inspection in the appropriate offices of the Bureau of 
        Land Management.

SEC. 203. LAND EXCHANGES.

    (a) In General.--Subject to subsections (c) through (f), the 
Secretary shall attempt to enter into an agreement to initiate an 
exchange under section 2201.1 of title 43, Code of Federal Regulations 
(or successor regulations), with the Commissioner of Public Lands of 
New Mexico, by the date that is 18 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act, to provide for a conveyance to the State of all right, 
title, and interest of the United States in and to the Bureau of Land 
Management land in the State identified under subsection (b) in 
exchange for the conveyance by the State to the Secretary of all right, 
title, and interest of the State in and to parcels of State trust land 
within the boundary of the Conservation Area described in section 
201(a)(2) or the boundary of the withdrawal area described in section 
401.
    (b) Identification of Land for Exchange.--The Secretary and the 
Commissioner of Public Lands of New Mexico shall jointly identify the 
Bureau of Land Management land in the State and State trust land 
eligible for exchange under this section, the exact acreage and legal 
description of which shall be determined by surveys approved by the 
Secretary and the New Mexico State Land Office.
    (c) Applicable Law.--A land exchange under subsection (a) shall be 
carried out in accordance with section 206 of the Federal Land Policy 
and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1716).
    (d) Conditions.--A land exchange under subsection (a) shall be 
subject to--
            (1) valid existing rights; and
            (2) such terms as the Secretary and the State shall 
        establish.
    (e) Valuation, Appraisals, and Equalization.--
            (1) In general.--The value of the Bureau of Land Management 
        land and the State trust land to be conveyed in a land exchange 
        under this section--
                    (A) shall be equal, as determined by appraisals 
                conducted in accordance with paragraph (2); or
                    (B) if not equal, shall be equalized in accordance 
                with paragraph (3).
            (2) Appraisals.--
                    (A) In general.--The Bureau of Land Management land 
                and State trust land to be exchanged under this section 
                shall be appraised by an independent, qualified 
                appraiser that is agreed to by the Secretary and the 
                State.
                    (B) Requirements.--An appraisal under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be conducted in accordance with--
                            (i) the Uniform Appraisal Standards for 
                        Federal Land Acquisitions; and
                            (ii) the Uniform Standards of Professional 
                        Appraisal Practice.
            (3) Equalization.--
                    (A) In general.--If the value of the Bureau of Land 
                Management land and the State trust land to be conveyed 
                in a land exchange under this section is not equal, the 
                value may be equalized by--
                            (i) making a cash equalization payment to 
                        the Secretary or to the State, as appropriate, 
                        in accordance with section 206(b) of the 
                        Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 
                        (43 U.S.C. 1716(b)); or
                            (ii) reducing the acreage of the Bureau of 
                        Land Management land or State trust land to be 
                        exchanged, as appropriate.
                    (B) Cash equalization payments.--Any cash 
                equalization payments received by the Secretary under 
                subparagraph (A)(i) shall be--
                            (i) deposited in the Federal Land Disposal 
                        Account established by section 206(a) of the 
                        Federal Land Transaction Facilitation Act (43 
                        U.S.C. 2305(a)); and
                            (ii) used in accordance with that Act (43 
                        U.S.C. 2301 et seq.).
    (f) Limitation.--No exchange of land shall be conducted under this 
section unless mutually agreed to by the Secretary and the State.

                     TITLE III--GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 301. MANAGEMENT OF COVERED AREAS.

    (a) Road Construction.--
            (1) Permanent roads.--No new permanent road construction 
        shall be permitted in a covered area unless otherwise 
        designated under section 102(c)(3)(B) or 202(d)(2).
            (2) Temporary roads.--Except as necessary for 
        administrative purposes, the protection of health and safety, 
        the control of fire, insects, or diseases, to facilitate 
        cultural uses, or to provide reasonable access to private 
        property, no temporary road construction shall be permitted in 
        a covered area.
            (3) Decommissioning of roads.--Not later than 3 years after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
        decommission any road in a covered area that has not been 
        designated on the Map or in the applicable travel management 
        plan for the covered area.
    (b) Motorized Vehicles.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        use of motorized vehicles in a covered area shall be permitted 
        only on roads that are designated on the Map or in the 
        applicable travel management plan for the covered area.
            (2) Exceptions.--The use of motorized vehicles may be 
        allowed in a covered area on roads not described in paragraph 
        (1) if the use is necessary--
                    (A) for administrative purposes;
                    (B) to respond to an emergency;
                    (C) for Tribal religious or cultural practices; or
                    (D) for grazing in accordance with subsection (d).
    (c) Withdrawals.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights, all 
        Federal land within a covered area, including any land or 
        interest in land that is acquired by the United States within 
        the covered area after the date of enactment of this Act, is 
        withdrawn from--
                    (A) all forms of entry, appropriation, or disposal 
                under public land laws, including the issuance of new 
                rights-of-way on, under, or through the applicable 
                Federal land;
                    (B) location, entry, and patent under mining laws; 
                and
                    (C) operation of the mineral leasing, mineral 
                materials, and geothermal leasing laws.
            (2) Additional land.--If the Secretary acquires additional 
        land within a covered area or the withdrawal area after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the acquired land is withdrawn 
        from operation of the laws referred to in paragraph (1) on the 
        date of acquisition of the land.
    (d) Grazing.--The grazing of livestock in a covered area, as 
established before the date of enactment of this Act, shall be 
permitted to continue--
            (1) subject to such reasonable regulations, policies, and 
        practices as the Secretary considers necessary;
            (2) in accordance with applicable law; and
            (3) in a manner consistent with the purposes of the 
        applicable covered area described in section 101(b) or 201(b).
    (e) Wildfire, Insect, and Disease Management.--Nothing in this Act 
prohibits the Secretary, in cooperation with other Federal, State, and 
local agencies, as appropriate, from conducting any measures necessary 
to control wildland fire, insects, and diseases in a covered area, 
consistent with the purposes of this Act.
    (f) Ecological Restoration.--
            (1) In general.--Ecological restoration in a covered area 
        may be permitted--
                    (A) if necessary to protect, maintain, or enhance 
                the applicable covered area (including the protection 
                of traditional food or material gathering);
                    (B) for any purposes necessary to control wildland 
                fire, insects, and diseases; and
                    (C) to support the resilience of watersheds and 
                wildlife habitat.
            (2) Requirement.--Ecological restoration under paragraph 
        (1) shall be carried out in a covered area--
                    (A) subject to such reasonable regulations, 
                policies, and practices as the Secretary considers 
                necessary;
                    (B) in a manner consistent with the purposes of the 
                applicable covered area as described in section 101(b) 
                or 201(b); and
                    (C) in accordance with applicable law.
    (g) Acquisition of Land.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may acquire any land or 
        interest in land within the boundary of a covered area or 
        contiguous to a covered area, as depicted on the Map, by 
        donation, purchase from a willing seller, or exchange.
            (2) Incorporation of acquired land and interests in land.--
        Any land or interest in land acquired under paragraph (1) 
        shall--
                    (A) if the acquired land or interest in land is 
                within the Santa Fe National Forest, become part of the 
                Special Management Area; or
                    (B) if the acquired land or interest in land is not 
                located within the Santa Fe National Forest, become 
                part of the Conservation Area.
            (3) Withdrawal area.--The Secretary of the Interior may 
        acquire any land or interest in land within the boundary of the 
        withdrawal area, as depicted on the Map, by donation, purchase 
        from a willing seller, or exchange.
    (h) Law Enforcement.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall ensure adequate law 
        enforcement presence in a covered area with respect to law 
        enforcement matters under the jurisdiction of the Secretary to 
        maintain the integrity of the covered area.
            (2) No effect on jurisdiction.--Nothing in this Act limits 
        or otherwise affects the civil or criminal regulatory 
        jurisdiction, including law enforcement, for issues under the 
        jurisdiction of an Indian Tribe.
            (3) Penalties.--In developing a management plan for a 
        covered area, the Secretary may consider provisions for 
        increased penalties for unauthorized activities in the covered 
        area, including littering, vandalism, damage to cultural sites, 
        and unauthorized recreational shooting.
    (i) Notice of Available Routes and Prohibited Uses.--The Secretary 
shall ensure that visitors to a covered area have access to adequate 
notice relating to designated routes, roads, and prohibited uses in the 
covered area through--
            (1) the placement of appropriate signage along designated 
        routes, parking areas, trailheads, or any other highly visited 
        area, including notice of penalties for prohibited uses; and
            (2) the distribution of maps, safety education materials, 
        and other information that the Secretary determines to be 
        appropriate.

SEC. 302. TRIBAL CONTRACTING AND PROTECTED RIGHTS.

    (a) Tribal Contracting.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may contract with 1 or more 
        interested Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations to perform 
        administrative or management functions within a covered area 
        through--
                    (A) contracts entered into under the Indian Self-
                Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
                5301 et seq.);
                    (B) agreements or contracts entered into under 
                section 2 of the Tribal Forest Protection Act of 2004 
                (25 U.S.C. 3115a);
                    (C) agreements or contracts for stewardship 
                contracting projects entered into under section 604 of 
                the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 
                6591c); and
                    (D) any other applicable authority.
            (2) Tribal assistance.--Using any applicable authority, the 
        Secretary may provide technical and financial assistance to an 
        interested Indian Tribe to improve the capacity of the 
        interested Indian Tribe to develop, enter into, and carry out 
        activities under an agreement or contract entered into under 
        paragraph (1).
    (b) Tribal Cultural and Religious Uses.--
            (1) In general.--Nothing in this Act diminishes any Tribal 
        rights relating to access to a covered area for Tribal 
        activities, including spiritual, cultural, medicinal, and 
        traditional food gathering activities.
            (2) Tribal uses and interests.--
                    (A) Access and use.--In accordance with applicable 
                law, the Secretary shall ensure access to a covered 
                area by members of an interested Indian Tribe for 
                traditional cultural and religious purposes.
                    (B) Temporary closure.--
                            (i) In general.--In carrying out 
                        subparagraph (A), the Secretary, on request of 
                        an interested Indian Tribe, may temporarily 
                        close to the general public the use of 1 or 
                        more specific portions of a covered area to 
                        protect the privacy of cultural, religious, and 
                        food, medicinal, and materials gathering 
                        activities by members of the interested Indian 
                        Tribe.
                            (ii) Requirements.--
                                    (I) In general.--Any closure under 
                                clause (i) shall be made so as to 
                                affect the smallest practicable area 
                                for the minimum period of time 
                                necessary.
                                    (II) Access.--Access by members of 
                                an interested Indian Tribe to a portion 
                                of a covered area closed under clause 
                                (i) shall be consistent with the 
                                purpose and intent of Public Law 95-341 
                                (commonly known as the ``American 
                                Indian Religious Freedom Act'') (42 
                                U.S.C. 1996 et seq.) and other 
                                applicable law.
    (c) Federally Secured Rights.--
            (1) Federally secured rights.--Nothing in this Act alters, 
        modifies, enlarges, diminishes, or abrogates rights secured by 
        treaty, statute, Executive order, or other Federal law of any 
        interested Indian Tribe, including off-reservation reserved 
        rights.
            (2) Indian land.--Nothing in this Act affects any Indian 
        land.
            (3) Land claims.--The designation of a covered area does 
        not affect any legitimate land claims to the covered area that 
        were secured by treaty or an Act of Congress.
    (d) Plant and Mineral Gathering for Cultural Purposes.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 2.6 of title 36, 
        Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation), the 
        Secretary shall allow an enrolled member of any interested 
        Indian Tribe that is culturally affiliated with the land 
        located within the boundaries of a covered area or Bandelier 
        National Monument to collect plants, including parts or 
        products of plants, and mineral resources within the applicable 
        covered area or Bandelier National Monument for noncommercial 
        traditional and cultural uses.
            (2) Application.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), a collection activity under paragraph (1) shall 
                be--
                            (i) consistent with applicable laws; and
                            (ii) subject to such conditions as the 
                        Secretary determines to be necessary to protect 
                        the resources and values of the applicable 
                        covered area or Bandelier National Monument.
                    (B) Quantity limitations.--
                            (i) Existing regulations.--No quantity 
                        limitation contained in a regulation of the 
                        National Park Service, Forest Service, or 
                        Bureau of Land Management, as applicable, in 
                        effect on the date of enactment of this Act 
                        shall apply to a collection activity under 
                        paragraph (1).
                            (ii) Limitations imposed by the 
                        secretary.--The Secretary may limit the 
                        quantity of plants, including parts or products 
                        of plants, and mineral resources collected 
                        under paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines 
                        that the limitation is necessary to protect the 
                        resources and values of the applicable covered 
                        area or Bandelier National Monument.

SEC. 303. EFFECT.

    (a) Treaty Rights.--Nothing in this Act affects the treaty rights 
of any Indian Tribe or land grant-merced.
    (b) Water Rights.--
            (1) In general.--Nothing in this Act--
                    (A) constitutes an express or implied reservation 
                by the United States of water or water rights for any 
                purpose;
                    (B) modifies or otherwise affects any water rights 
                existing on the date of enactment of this Act, 
                including any water rights held by the United States;
                    (C) affects an interstate water compact existing on 
                the date of enactment of this Act; or
                    (D) imposes any mandatory streamflow requirement or 
                any Federal water quality standard within the covered 
                land.
            (2) State water law.--The Secretary shall follow the 
        procedural and substantive requirements of applicable State law 
        to obtain and hold any water rights not in existence on the 
        date of enactment of this Act with respect to a covered area.
    (c) Drinking Water Infrastructure.--
            (1) In general.--Nothing in this Act affects valid existing 
        rights, including the existing rights-of-way of Santa Fe 
        County, the city of Santa Fe, or the Buckman Direct Diversion 
        Board in the State, to conduct necessary repair, operations, 
        maintenance, replacement, or expansion of drinking water supply 
        infrastructure.
            (2) New permits or rights-of-way.--The Secretary may grant 
        to Santa Fe County or the city of Santa Fe in the State new 
        permits or rights-of-way to build water supply infrastructure 
        not more than 1 mile from the historic settlement area commonly 
        known as ``Buckman'' within the Special Management Area.
            (3) Requirement.--Any repair, operations, maintenance, 
        replacement, expansion, or new construction of water supply 
        infrastructure in a covered area shall be conducted in a manner 
        that is consistent with the purposes of this Act.
    (d) Fish and Wildlife.--Nothing in this Act affects the 
jurisdiction of the State with respect to fish and wildlife located on 
public land in the State, except that the Secretary, after consultation 
with the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, may designate zones 
where, and establish periods during which, hunting shall not be allowed 
within a covered area for reasons of public safety, administration, or 
public use and enjoyment.
    (e) Nondisclosure.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall not disclose to the 
        public--
                    (A) information relating to the covered area that 
                is derived from Indigenous knowledge that has not 
                otherwise been released to the public as of the date of 
                enactment of this Act; or
                    (B) information relating to the nature or location 
                of any sacred site in a covered area, if the Secretary 
                determines, in consultation with the interested Indian 
                Tribe, that such a disclosure may--
                            (i) risk harm to the cultural resources of 
                        the sacred site;
                            (ii) cause a significant invasion of 
                        privacy; or
                            (iii) impede the use of the sacred site for 
                        traditional cultural activities by an Indian 
                        Tribe or members of an Indian Tribe.
            (2) Freedom of information act applicability.--
                    (A) In general.--Information described in paragraph 
                (1) shall be exempt from disclosure under section 552 
                of title 5, United States Code.
                    (B) Applicability.--For purposes of subparagraph 
                (A), this subsection shall be considered a statute 
                described in section 552(b)(3)(B) of title 5, United 
                States Code.

                 TITLE IV--CAJA DEL RIO WITHDRAWAL AREA

SEC. 401. WITHDRAWAL.

    Subject to any valid existing rights, the Federal land and any 
interest in the Federal land depicted as ``Caja del Rio Withdrawal 
Area'' on the Map is withdrawn from--
            (1) all forms of entry, appropriation, and disposal under 
        the public land laws;
            (2) location, entry, and patent under the mining laws; and
            (3) operation of the mineral leasing, mineral materials, 
        and geothermal leasing laws.
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