[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8312 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 8312

To establish fraud prevention and program integrity functions and data 
 sharing authorities within the Department of Treasury and a permanent 
    governmentwide Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and 
                   Recovery, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             April 15, 2026

 Mr. Sessions introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
              Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To establish fraud prevention and program integrity functions and data 
 sharing authorities within the Department of Treasury and a permanent 
    governmentwide Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and 
                   Recovery, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fraud Prevention and Accountability 
Act''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF FRAUD PREVENTION AND FINANCIAL INTEGRITY 
              FUNCTIONS WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY.

    (a) In General.--Section 306 of title 31, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 306. Fiscal Service
    ``(a) The Bureau of the Fiscal Service is a service in the 
Department of the Treasury.
    ``(b) The head of the Bureau of the Fiscal Service is the Fiscal 
Assistant Secretary appointed under section 301(d) of this title.
    ``(c) The Bureau of the Fiscal Service, having as its head a 
Commissioner, shall maintain the following functions related to 
financial integrity, spending transparency, and preventing improper 
payments resulting in financial loss to the government, and does not 
include any investigative or law enforcement function, which, in 
addition to any other duty the Secretary of the Treasury assigns--
            ``(1) shall administer and operate the Do Not Pay system 
        required under section 3354 in a manner that ensures that any 
        data provided to the Secretary is used only for the purposes 
        set forth under section 3354 in accordance with applicable law; 
        and
            ``(2) shall, in consultation with the Director of the 
        Office of Management and Budget, establish and maintain a 
        governmentwide data analysis program, utilizing the authorities 
        outlined under section 6(c)(1) of the Federal Funding 
        Accountability and Transparency Act (Public Law 109-282; 31 
        U.S.C. 6101 note)--
                    ``(A) to provide data sharing and analysis services 
                to Federal agencies, States (with respect to any 
                federally funded State-administered programs), and any 
                nongovernmental entity administering or disbursing 
                Federal funds, to detect fraud and prevent improper 
                payments resulting in a financial loss to the 
                government and, including by--
                            ``(i) requiring each agency to share data 
                        of known or suspected fraudulent entities and 
                        transactions (resulting from internal agency 
                        fraud prevention or detection investigations) 
                        with the Department of the Treasury;
                            ``(ii) requiring each agency to screen 
                        their potential awardees and payees against the 
                        centralized fraud database prior to award or 
                        payment issuance;
                            ``(iii) requiring each agency to screen 
                        relevant cyber activity against the centralized 
                        fraud database prior to allowing changes to 
                        virtual identity or payment information;
                            ``(iv) establishing governmentwide 
                        standards for the collection, labeling, and 
                        sharing of fraudulent payment data, to include 
                        improper payments, with the Department of the 
                        Treasury;
                            ``(v) partnering with financial 
                        institutions and industry to share best 
                        practices and, where appropriate, data 
                        regarding fraud patterns and results of 
                        investigations into fraudulent activity; and
                            ``(vi) providing identity, eligibility, 
                        account, and vital event verification and 
                        validation tools and analytical services to 
                        agencies, as necessary and appropriate; and
                    ``(B) that is capable of receiving (including in 
                bulk data formats and through systems that facilitate 
                real-time data access) any data asset, information, or 
                record related to the administration of Federal 
                programs (including federally funded State-administered 
                programs) and disbursement of Federal funds under such 
                programs, provided to the Secretary for secure and 
                confidential use by the center or the Inspector General 
                for Fraud, Accountability and Recovery (in accordance 
                with any terms included in a written data sharing 
                agreement between the Secretary and the Inspector 
                General) to recognize and address patterns of 
                fraudulent actors, information, and claims across such 
                programs; and
            ``(3) shall provide the Inspector General for Fraud, 
        Accountability, and Recovery, access to such information 
        technology, data assets, information, and records to support 
        the functions and services of the Office of the Inspector 
        General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery established 
        under section 317, unless the Secretary determines that such 
        access is not appropriate and notifies the appropriate 
        congressional committees and the Office of such Inspector 
        General in writing.
    ``(d) The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the 
Director of the Office of Management and Budget, shall not later than 2 
years after the establishment of this section, and on an annual basis 
thereafter, submit, to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security 
and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, a report, which may be included 
as part of another report submitted to Congress by the Secretary, on 
the implementation of the Program, including participation rates and an 
assessment of the Program's effectiveness in reducing fraud and 
preventing improper payments resulting in a financial loss to the 
government.
    ``(e) The Secretary of the Treasury may designate another officer 
or employee of the Department to act as the Fiscal Assistant Secretary 
when the Fiscal Assistant Secretary is absent or unable to serve or 
when the office of Fiscal Assistant Secretary is vacant.''.
    (b) Coordination in Designating Do Not Pay Databases.--Section 
3354(b)(1)(B) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
``in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury'' before ``in 
consultation''.
    (c) Amendment to Data Act of 2014 Data Analysis Center 
Authorization.--Section 6(c)(1) of the Federal Funding Accountability 
and Transparency Act (Public Law 109-282; 31 U.S.C. 6101 note) is 
amended by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR FRAUD, ACCOUNTABILITY, 
              AND RECOVERY.

    (a) Establishment of Inspector for Fraud, Accountability, and 
Recovery.--Subchapter I of chapter 3 of title 31, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 317. Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery 
              within the Department of the Treasury.
    ``(a) Office of Inspector General.--There is established within the 
Department of the Treasury, the Office of the Inspector General for 
Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery.
    ``(b) Appointment of Inspector General; Removal.--
            ``(1) In general.--The head of the Office shall be the 
        Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery, who 
        shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and 
        consent of the Senate.
            ``(2) Nomination.--The nomination of the Inspector General 
        shall be made without regard to political affiliation and 
        solely on the basis of integrity and demonstrated ability in 
        accounting, auditing, financial analysis, law, management 
        analysis, public administration, or investigations.
            ``(3) Removal.--The Inspector General shall be removable 
        from office in accordance with the provisions of section 403(b) 
        of title 5.
            ``(4) Political activity.--For purposes of section 7324 of 
        title 5, the Inspector General shall not be considered an 
        employee who determines policies to be pursued by the United 
        States in the nationwide administration of Federal law.
            ``(5) Basic pay.--The annual rate of basic pay of the 
        Inspector General shall be the annual rate of basic pay for an 
        Inspector General under section 403(e) of title 5.
            ``(6) Legal counsel.--The Inspector General for Fraud, 
        Accountability, and Recovery shall, in accordance with 
        applicable laws and regulations governing the civil service, 
        obtain legal advice from a counsel either reporting directly to 
        the Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery 
        or another inspector general within the executive branch.
    ``(c) Duties and Responsibilities.--
            ``(1) In general.--It shall be the duty of the Inspector 
        General, in accordance with section 404(b)(1) of title 5, to 
        conduct, supervise, or coordinate oversight activities, 
        including audits and investigations of the use of and the 
        provision or award of covered funds, and the management by 
        agency heads of any program established by the use of covered 
        funds, with such related activities of the Inspector General to 
        be considered civil or criminal law enforcement activities, 
        including by--
                    ``(A) providing support to agency Inspectors 
                General, if requested by the agency Inspector General, 
                in the oversight of covered funds in order to--
                            ``(i) detect and prevent fraud, waste, 
                        abuse, and mismanagement;
                            ``(ii) identify major risks that cut across 
                        programs and agency boundaries; and
                            ``(iii) identify and promote best practices 
                        and tools to prevent, detect, and respond to 
                        fraud across covered funds; and
                    ``(B) coordinating with relevant agency Inspectors 
                General, the Department of Justice, and, as 
                appropriate, the Fiscal Service to--
                            ``(i) provide support in conducting 
                        investigations, audits, and reviews relating to 
                        covered funds, including through--
                                    ``(I) the establishment or use of 
                                an independent data analytics platform, 
                                which shall incorporate to the extent 
                                practicable and feasible the data 
                                analytic platform maintained by the 
                                Pandemic Response Accountability 
                                Committee prior to the enactment of 
                                this section;
                                    ``(II) the sharing of data, tools, 
                                and services;
                                    ``(III) the development and 
                                enhancement of data practices, 
                                analysis, and visualization; and
                                    ``(IV) any other appropriate means 
                                as determined by the Inspector General 
                                in coordination with relevant 
                                Inspectors General from any agency that 
                                expends or obligates covered funds;
                            ``(ii) provide analytical products to 
                        agencies to promote program integrity, prevent 
                        improper payments, facilitate verification 
                        efforts to ensure proper expenditure and 
                        utilization of covered funds, and assist with 
                        civil and criminal investigations or litigation 
                        relating to fraud, waste, abuse and 
                        mismanagement of covered funds;
                            ``(iii) review the economy, efficiency, and 
                        effectiveness in the administration of, and the 
                        detection of fraud, waste, abuse, and 
                        mismanagement in, programs and operations using 
                        covered funds;
                            ``(iv) as appropriate and practicable, 
                        identify data assets and information records 
                        collected, produced, and maintained by the 
                        Office that can be securely provided through 
                        data sharing agreements, including in bulk data 
                        formats and through systems that facilitate 
                        real-time data access, with the Secretary of 
                        the Treasury to support the functions and 
                        activities of the Fiscal Service and civil and 
                        criminal investigations or litigation relating 
                        to fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement of 
                        covered funds; and
                            ``(v) expeditiously report to the Attorney 
                        General any instance in which the Inspector 
                        General has reasonable grounds to believe there 
                        has been a violation of Federal criminal law;
                    ``(C) establish an advisory committee composed of 
                other Inspectors General, with at least three 
                representing an agency specified under section 901(b) 
                of title 31, United States Code, and three from another 
                agency, in accordance with the following:
                            ``(i) General functions.--The advisory 
                        committee may identify and prioritize cross-
                        agency fraud risks and activities to prevent, 
                        detect, and otherwise mitigate such risks, 
                        including by reviewing--
                                    ``(I) the economy, efficiency, and 
                                effectiveness in the administration of, 
                                and the detection of fraud, waste, 
                                abuse, and mismanagement in, programs 
                                and operations using covered funds; and
                                    ``(II) whether there are 
                                appropriate mechanisms for interagency 
                                collaboration relating to the oversight 
                                of covered funds, including 
                                coordinating and collaborating to the 
                                extent practicable with State and local 
                                government entities.
                            ``(ii) Recommendations.--The advisory 
                        committee may, in coordination with the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of 
                        the Office of Management and Budget, make 
                        recommendations to agencies on measures to 
                        prevent or address fraud, waste, abuse, and 
                        mismanagement, and to mitigate major risks that 
                        cut across programs and agency boundaries, 
                        relating to covered funds.
                            ``(iii) Preventing duplication in oversight 
                        functions.--With a view to preventing 
                        duplication in government functions and provide 
                        for ongoing coordination of resources to 
                        prevent fraud and improper payments in Federal 
                        programs and spending the advisory committee 
                        may--
                                    ``(I) provide recommendations to 
                                the Secretary of the Treasury to assist 
                                the Secretary in making recommendations 
                                under section 321(a)(11) of title 31; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) provide any such additional 
                                recommendations in a timely manner to 
                                the appropriate congressional 
                                committees as the advisory committee 
                                determines necessary and to ensure that 
                                the definition of `covered funds' 
                                established under section 317(l) of 
                                title 31 is legislatively expanded, as 
                                necessary;
                    ``(D) the Inspector General may provide 
                investigative support to prosecutive and enforcement 
                authorities to protect program integrity and prevent, 
                detect, and prosecute fraud of covered funds; and
                    ``(E) coordinating the oversight and investigative 
                activities with the Comptroller General of the United 
                States, State and local government Inspectors General, 
                and State and local auditors, as appropriate.
            ``(2) Maintenance of systems.--The Inspector General shall 
        establish, maintain, and oversee such systems, procedures, and 
        controls as the Inspector General considers appropriate to 
        discharge the duties of the Inspector General under paragraph 
        (1).
            ``(3) Technical assistance and data analytics support.--In 
        addition to the duties of the Inspector General with respect to 
        covered funds, for any Inspector General enumerated under 
        section 424(b)(1) of title 5, the Inspector General may provide 
        technical assistance to support independent oversight 
        activities on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis provided 
        that appropriate data privacy and security protection 
        provisions are provided for in agreements to provide such 
        technical assistance. Such technical assistance may include, 
        but not be limited to the following:
                    ``(A) Sharing data available to the Inspector 
                General, as appropriate under a data sharing agreement.
                    ``(B) Sharing and providing data analytics 
                services.
                    ``(C) Supporting the development of data analytics 
                tools and capabilities.
                    ``(D) Sharing of data analysis best practices.
            ``(4) Additional duties and responsibilities.--In addition 
        to the duties described in paragraphs (1) and (2), the duties 
        and responsibilities of inspectors general under subsections 
        (b) through (e) of section 404 of title 5, United States Code, 
        shall apply to the Inspector General. However, such duties and 
        responsibilities shall extend beyond the Department of the 
        Treasury notwithstanding any reference to the establishment in 
        such section.
    ``(d) Powers and Authorities.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the provisions of this 
        section, the Inspector General shall have the authorities 
        provided under section 406 of title 5, United States Code, 
        except that the references to the establishment in section 406 
        of such title are not limited to the Department of the 
        Treasury, and references to `this chapter' in section 406 of 
        such title shall include this section.
            ``(2) Treatment of office.--The Office shall be considered 
        to be an office described in section 406(f)(3) of title 5 and 
        shall be exempt from an initial determination by the Attorney 
        General under subsection (f)(2) of such section.
            ``(3) Treatment of records.--In carrying out the duties and 
        functions under this subsection with respect to the oversight 
        of covered funds, the Office shall--
                    ``(A) be considered to be conducting civil or 
                criminal law enforcement activity for the purposes of 
                section 552a(b)(7) of title 5; and
                    ``(B) for the purposes of sections 552 and 552a of 
                title 5, be considered to be a component which performs 
                as its principal function an activity pertaining to the 
                enforcement of criminal laws, and its records may 
                constitute investigatory material compiled for law 
                enforcement purposes.
    ``(e) Personnel, Facilities, and Other Resources.--
            ``(1) Appointment of officers and employees.--
        Notwithstanding section 406(a)(7) of title 5, the Inspector 
        General may exercise the authorities of subsections (b) through 
        (i) of section 3161 of title 5 (without regard to subsections 
        (a) or (b)(2) of that section) as if the Office of the 
        Inspector General were a temporary organization, as defined in 
        such section, to appoint such officers and employees as may be 
        necessary for carrying out the duties of the Inspector General 
        and to otherwise carry out the functions of the Office of the 
        Inspector General under this section, including appointing an 
        Assistant Inspector General for Investigations.
            ``(2) Additional staff.--Upon the request of an Inspector 
        General of an Office established under chapter 4 of title 5, 
        the Inspector General may detail, on a nonreimbursable basis, 
        any personnel of the Office to that Inspector General to assist 
        in carrying out any audit, review, or investigation pertaining 
        to the oversight of covered funds.
            ``(3) Annuitants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Office may employ an 
                annuitant receiving an annuity from the Civil Service 
                Retirement and Disability Fund for purposes of the 
                oversight of covered funds.
                    ``(B) Treatment of annuitants.--The employment of 
                annuitants under this paragraph shall be subject to the 
                provisions of section 9902(g) of title 5, as if the 
                Office were the Department of Defense.
            ``(4) Contracts.--The Inspector General may enter into 
        contracts and other arrangements for audits, studies, analyses, 
        and other services with public agencies and with private 
        persons, and make such payments as may be necessary to carry 
        out the duties of the Office.
    ``(f) Requests for Information.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon request of the Inspector General 
        for information or assistance from any department, agency, or 
        other entity of the Federal Government, the head of that 
        department, agency, or entity shall, to the extent practicable 
        and not in contravention of any existing law, furnish that 
        information or assistance to the Office, or an authorized 
        designee.
            ``(2) Refusal to provide requested information or 
        assistance.--Whenever information or assistance requested by 
        the Inspector General is, in the judgment of the Inspector 
        General, unreasonably refused or not provided, the Inspector 
        General shall immediately report the circumstances to the 
        appropriate congressional committees.
    ``(g) Reports.--
            ``(1) Annual reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the 
                date on which a Inspector General is confirmed, and 
                once every year thereafter until the Inspector General 
                is no longer serving in such position, the Inspector 
                General shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress a report summarizing the activities of the 
                Inspector General.
                    ``(B) Contents.--Each report submitted under 
                subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) shall include--
                                    ``(I) for the period covered by the 
                                report, a detailed statement the 
                                activities conducted by the Inspector 
                                General, including estimates of 
                                fraudulent payments the Office helped 
                                prevent and assisted in recovering or 
                                prosecuting; and
                                    ``(II) policy and legislative 
                                recommendations to improve 
                                governmentwide fraud and improper 
                                payment prevention and payment and 
                                program integrity improvements; and
                            ``(ii) may include a classified annex.
            ``(2) Periodic reports.--
                    ``(A) Management alerts.--The Inspector General 
                shall submit to the President and Congress, including 
                the appropriate congressional committees, such periodic 
                reports as may be necessary to notify the President and 
                the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, 
                and Congress of any potential program management, risk, 
                or funding accountability, or payment integrity 
                problems related to the use and provision or awarding 
                of covered funds that require immediate attention by 
                Federal agencies or Congress.
                    ``(B) Update reports.--The Inspector General shall 
                submit to Congress such other reports or provide such 
                periodic updates on the work of the Office as the 
                Inspector General considers appropriate on the use of 
                covered funds including any recommended changes to the 
                scope of covered funds under subsection (l)(2).
            ``(3) Public availability.--The Inspector General shall 
        publish on the website established under subsection (k) all 
        reports submitted under this subsection.
            ``(4) Redactions.--Any portion of a report submitted under 
        this subsection may be redacted when made publicly available, 
        if that portion would disclose information that is not subject 
        to disclosure under sections 552 and 552a of this title, or is 
        otherwise prohibited from disclosure by law.
            ``(5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may 
        be construed to authorize the public disclosure of information 
        that is--
                    ``(A) specifically prohibited from disclosure by 
                any other provision of law;
                    ``(B) specifically required by Executive order to 
                be protected from disclosure in the interest of 
                national defense or national security or in the conduct 
                of foreign affairs; or
                    ``(C) a part of an ongoing criminal investigation.
    ``(h) Funding, Transfer of Funds, Assets, and Obligations.--
            ``(1) Funding.--Beginning in fiscal year 2035, and annually 
        thereafter, there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 
        to the Office to carry out the duties and functions of this 
        section.
            ``(2) Transfer authority.--The Office may transfer funds 
        appropriated to the Office for expenses to support 
        administrative support services and audits, reviews, or other 
        activities related to oversight of covered funds to any 
        Inspector General Office and the Department of the Treasury.
            ``(3) Transfer of assets and obligations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Upon the effective date of this 
                section, the assets and obligations held by or 
                available in connection with the Pandemic Response 
                Accountability Committee established under section 
                15010 of the CARES Act (Public Law 116-136; 134 Stat. 
                533) shall be transferred to the Office. Upon the 
                effective date of this section the Pandemic Response 
                Accountability Committee may undertake all activities 
                to enable such transfer of assets.
                    ``(B) Assets defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                `assets' includes contracts, agreements (including data 
                use agreements and memoranda of understanding), 
                facilities, property, data, records, unobligated or 
                unexpended balances of appropriations, personnel 
                identified by the Chairperson and Executive Director of 
                the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee pursuant 
                to section 317(e)(1) of title 31, and other funds or 
                resources.
                    ``(C) Use of unexpended balances of 
                appropriations.--Any unobligated and unexpended 
                balances of appropriations and funds transferred 
                pursuant to subparagraph (B) may be used to support the 
                work of the Inspector General, regardless of the 
                purpose of the original appropriation.
    ``(i) Membership in Councils and Committees.--The Inspector General 
shall be a member of the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity 
and Efficiency.
    ``(j) Corrective Responses To Audit Problems.--Agency heads shall--
            ``(1) take action to address deficiencies identified by a 
        report or investigation of the Inspector General; or
            ``(2) with respect to a deficiency identified under 
        paragraph (1), certify to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that they do not concur with the recommendation and 
        no action is necessary, feasible, or appropriate.
    ``(k) Website.--The Office shall establish and maintain a user-
friendly, public-facing website--
            ``(1) to foster greater accountability and transparency in 
        the use of covered funds, including future supplemental relief 
        and recovery funds as may be added to the definition of covered 
        funds, which shall have a uniform resource locator that is 
        descriptive and memorable;
            ``(2) that shall be a centralized, governmentwide portal or 
        gateway to key information relating to the oversight of covered 
        funds, as appropriate, and to the extent practicable provide 
        connections to other government websites with related anti-
        fraud, improper payment, and oversight and accountability 
        information; and
            ``(3) provide information, including findings from the 
        Office, agency Inspectors General, or State auditors as to the 
        oversight of covered funds, including related audits, 
        inspections, or other reports.
    ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate congressional committee.--The term 
        `appropriate congressional committees' means the following:
                    ``(A) The Committees on Appropriations of the 
                Senate and the House of Representatives.
                    ``(B) The Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate.
                    ``(C) The Committee on Oversight and Government 
                Reform of the House of Representatives.
                    ``(D) Any other relevant congressional committee of 
                jurisdiction.
            ``(2) Covered funds.--The term `covered funds' means the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Any funds, including loans or tax credits, 
                that are made available in any form to any non-Federal 
                entity or individual, under the following:
                            ``(i) Division A or B of the CARES Act 
                        (Public Law 116-136).
                            ``(ii) The Coronavirus Preparedness and 
                        Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 
                        (Public Law 116-123).
                            ``(iii) The Families First Coronavirus 
                        Response Act (Public Law 116-127).
                            ``(iv) The Paycheck Protection Program and 
                        Health Care Enhancement Act (Public Law 116-
                        139).
                            ``(v) Division M or N of the Consolidated 
                        Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                            ``(vi) The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 
                        (Public Law 117-2).
                            ``(vii) Any loan guaranteed or made by the 
                        Small Business Administration, including any 
                        direct loan or guarantee of a trust 
                        certificate, under the Small Business Act (15 
                        U.S.C. 631 et seq.), the Small Business 
                        Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 661 et seq.), 
                        or any other provision of law.
                            ``(viii) Unemployment compensation, as 
                        defined in section 85 of the Internal Revenue 
                        Code of 1986.
                            ``(ix) The Infrastructure Investment and 
                        Jobs Act (Public Law 117-58).
                            ``(x) Public Law 117-169 (commonly known as 
                        the `Inflation Reduction Act').
                            ``(xi) The Honoring our PACT Act of 2022 
                        (Public Law 117-168).
                            ``(xii) The CHIPS Act of 2022 (division A 
                        of Public Law 117-167 (commonly known as the 
                        `CHIPS and Science Act of 2022')).
                            ``(xiii) The Act titled `An Act to provide 
                        for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. 
                        Con. Res. 14' (Public Law 119-21).
                    ``(B) A Federal award (as defined under section 
                7501) in an amount not less than $50,000.
                    ``(C) Any intramural payment made governmentwide 
                for research activity.
                    ``(D) Any emergency spending related to disaster 
                relief or economic recovery.
            ``(3) Inspector general.--The term `Inspector General' 
        means the Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and 
        Recovery.
            ``(4) Office.--The term `Office' means the Office of the 
        Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery.
            ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each of the several 
        States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, 
        or possession of the United States, and each federally 
        recognized Indian Tribe.
    ``(m) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to--
            ``(1) affect the independent authority of an Inspector 
        General to determine whether to conduct an audit or 
        investigation of covered funds; or
            ``(2) require any Inspector General to provide funding to 
        support the activities of the Office.''.
    (b) Office of Management and Budget Directive.--On or before March 
1, 2029, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in 
coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Inspector 
General of Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery, shall issue a directive 
to the head of each agency in the executive branch that disburses or 
awards covered funds (as such term is defined section 317(n) of title 
31, United States Code, as added by subsection (a)) that requires the 
agency to identify and report opportunities to use the information 
system and data analytics products of the Fiscal Service to detect and 
prevent waste, fraud, abuse, and improper payments in expenditure of 
covered funds to the Director and Secretary within 60 days after 
receiving the directive.
    (c) Transitional Provision.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding sections 403 and 3345 
        through 3349 of title 5, United States Code, and section 
        317(b)(1) of title 31, United States Code (as added by 
        subsection (a)), the individual described in paragraph (2) 
        shall temporarily perform the functions and duties of the 
        Office of the Inspector General Fraud, Accountability, and 
        Prevention in an acting capacity until such permanent Inspector 
        General can be appointed under the process established by such 
        section 317(b)(1).
            (2) Individual described.--The individual described in this 
        paragraph is--
                    (A) the Chairperson of the Pandemic Response 
                Accountability Committee established under section 
                15010 of the CARES Act (Public Law 116-136; 134 Stat. 
                533) (hereafter ``PRAC'') as of the date this section 
                takes effect; or
                    (B) if the position described in subparagraph (A) 
                is vacant as of the date on which this section takes 
                effect, the Executive Director of the PRAC.
    (d) Transfer of Employees.--Each employee of the PRAC who is to be 
transferred to the Office of the Inspector General of Fraud, 
Accountability, and Recovery under section 317(h)(3) of title 31, 
United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall be appointed to 
positions in such Office under terms and conditions of employment that 
are substantively the same as the terms and conditions of employment 
applicable to such employee as an employee of PRAC as of the day 
immediately preceding the date on which this section takes effect.
    (e) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for subchapter I of 
chapter 3 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``317. Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery within 
                            the Department of the Treasury.''.
    (f) Effective Date.--This section, and the amendments made by this 
section, shall take effect on December 31, 2028.

SEC. 4. DATA SHARING FOR FRAUD PREVENTION AND PROGRAM INTEGRITY.

    (a) Authority To Negotiate Data Sharing Agreements; Requirement To 
Provide Future Legislative Recommendations to Congress.--Section 321(a) 
of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (8)(C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (9), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by inserting at the end the following:
            ``(10) enter into memoranda of understanding with the heads 
        of other Federal agencies, including Offices of Inspector 
        General and Federal law enforcement agencies, and private 
        entities as may be appropriate and allowable under existing law 
        to secure access to such data assets and information resources 
        as may be appropriate for the Fiscal Service to use to--
                    ``(A) prevent fraud and improper payments in 
                Federal programs and spending;
                    ``(B) support the activities and functions of the 
                Do Not Pay Initiative;
                    ``(C) beginning on December 31, 2028, support the 
                activities and functions of the--
                            ``(i) the Fiscal Service; and
                            ``(ii) the Office of the Inspector General 
                        for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery 
                        established under section 317, in coordination 
                        with such Office;
                    ``(D) provide such data to relevant Federal 
                agencies for the identification, prevention, and 
                reduction of waste, fraud, and abuse relating to 
                Federal spending and use in the conduct of criminal and 
                other investigations, as appropriate; and
                    ``(E) in a manner that ensures any related data 
                sharing agreements provide long term, reliable access 
                to such data assets and information resources, provide 
                the best value to the taxpayer by avoiding duplicative 
                data sharing agreements, include appropriate privacy 
                protections, and require, as appropriate, reimbursement 
                to the Treasury for the reasonable cost of carrying out 
                the agreement.
            ``(11) with respect to any supplemental emergency disaster, 
        pandemic, economic relief, or other such supplemental 
        appropriations legislative measures totaling more than 
        $100,000,000,000 in total funding being considered by Congress 
        or any legislative measure establishing a new program with more 
        than $100,000,000 in anticipated additional spending in a 
        single fiscal year following the enactment of such legislative 
        measure being considered by Congress, provide, in coordination 
        with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget and 
        the Office of the Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, 
        and Recovery, to the leadership of the House of Representatives 
        and Senate, the Committees on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives and Senate, the Committee on Homeland Security 
        and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on 
        Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives 
        any legislative recommendations on such measures to ensure 
        that--
                    ``(A) existing fraud prevention and oversight 
                functions and entities of the Federal Government or are 
                not supplanted or duplicated under such legislative 
                measure, but are instead required to be used or 
                expanded under such legislative measure;
                    ``(B) any additional resources or authorities for 
                such existing functions and entities are adequately 
                provided for in such legislative measures in order to 
                provide adequate fraud prevention and oversight of 
                funds appropriated for and expended under such program; 
                and
                    ``(C) fraud prevention, payment integrity, and 
                spending transparency best practices are implemented in 
                such legislation to ensure that--
                            ``(i) reporting obligations for Federal 
                        fund recipients are harmonized governmentwide 
                        and conditioned through legally enforceable 
                        mechanisms prior to award; and
                            ``(ii) any sub-recipients and sub-awardees 
                        of Federal fund recipients are also included in 
                        reporting obligations for such recipients for 
                        the purposes of ensuring proper recipient 
                        reporting and transparency on the use of 
                        funds.''.
    (b) Coordination and Duties of the Office of Management and 
Budge.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in 
coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall--
            (1) update or revise as necessary any regulations, 
        memorandum, circulars, or guidance documents to ensure the full 
        and timely implementation of this section; and
            (2) issue any necessary governmentwide guidance to Federal 
        agencies to ensure the full and timely implementation of this 
        section.

SEC. 5. TERMINATION AND TRANSFER OF ASSETS OF PANDEMIC RESPONSE 
              ACCOUNTABILITY COMMITTEE.

    (a) Termination.--Section 15010(k) of the CARES Act (Public Law 
116-136; 15 U.S.C. 9053) is amended by striking ``September 30, 2034'' 
and inserting ``December 31, 2028''.
    (b) Transfer of Assets.--On December 31, 2028, all the assets and 
obligations held by or available in connection with the Pandemic 
Response Accountability Committee shall be transferred to the Office of 
the Inspector General for Fraud, Accountability, and Recovery 
established under section 317 of title 31, United States Code, as added 
by this Act.
    (c) Technical Amendment.--On December 31, 2028, section 15010 of 
the CARES Act (Public Law 116-136; 15 U.S.C. 9053) is repealed.
    (d) Definition of Assets.--In this section, the term ``assets'' 
includes contracts, agreements (including data use agreements and 
memoranda of understanding), facilities, property, data, records, 
unobligated or unexpended balances of appropriations, personnel 
identified by the Chairperson and Executive Director of the Pandemic 
Response Accountability Committee pursuant to section 317(e)(1) of 
title 31, United States Code, as added by this Act, and other funds or 
resources.
                                 <all>