[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7726 Referred in Senate (RFS)]

<DOC>
119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 7726


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              June 4, 2026

     Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
  To amend the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 to 
        withhold funds from noncompliant States under such Act.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Stop Child Care Scams Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. STRENGTHENING THE AUTHORITY TO WITHHOLD FUNDS FOR FRAUD.

    Section 658I(b)(2)(B) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858g(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``Secretary 
may'' and inserting ``Secretary shall''.

SEC. 3. PROGRAM INTEGRITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY.

    Section 658E(c)(2) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858c(c)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
                    ``(W) Program integrity and accountability.--The 
                plan shall include a description of--
                            ``(i) the State's internal controls to 
                        ensure program integrity and accountability;
                            ``(ii) the processes in place--
                                    ``(I) to investigate and recover 
                                fraudulent payments; and
                                    ``(II) to impose sanctions on 
                                clients or providers in response to 
                                fraud; and
                            ``(iii) the procedures in place to document 
                        and verify eligibility.
                Such description shall include how the State utilizes 
                data within and across other State and local agencies 
                that have oversight of child care providers that serve 
                children who receive assistance under this 
                subchapter.''.

SEC. 4. PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 658I(b) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act 
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858g(b)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Determination of fraud.--
                    ``(A) Investigation.--The Secretary shall 
                investigate fraud with respect to financial assistance 
                available under this subchapter.
                    ``(B) Debarment.--In the case that the Secretary 
                makes, or finds that there has been, a final 
                determination of fraud against a child care provider 
                that received financial assistance available under this 
                subchapter, the Secretary shall permanently debar such 
                child care provider from receiving such financial 
                assistance.
                    ``(C) Providers debarred from child and adult care 
                food program.--In the case that a child care provider 
                has been debarred from participating in the Child and 
                Adult Care Food Program under section 17 of the Richard 
                B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1766) 
                in accordance with subsection (d)(5)(E)(i) of such 
                section, the Secretary shall permanently debar such 
                child care provider from receiving financial assistance 
                under this subchapter.
                    ``(D) Final determination of fraud definition.--In 
                this paragraph, the term `final determination of fraud' 
                means a determination reached in an administrative 
                order or as part of a judicial decision, for which any 
                rights to review or appeal have been exhausted or 
                waived, that a child care provider--
                            ``(i) knowingly submitted a false statement 
                        or documentation to obtain financial assistance 
                        available under this subchapter;
                            ``(ii) misrepresented ownership of, 
                        enrollment at, attendance at, or services 
                        provided through a program of child care 
                        services, or the eligibility of the provider to 
                        provide such services, to obtain such financial 
                        assistance;
                            ``(iii) to obtain such financial 
                        assistance, operated without the State 
                        licensing described in section 658E(c)(2)(F) 
                        and without receiving an exception to such 
                        licensing;
                            ``(iv) made a knowing and improper 
                        expenditure of such financial assistance; or
                            ``(v) engaged in any other conduct related 
                        to such financial assistance that constituted 
                        fraud under Federal or State law.''.

SEC. 5. IMPROPER PAYMENT RATE REQUIRING CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN; 
              CONDITIONAL INELIGIBILITY.

    Section 658J of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858h) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Improper Payment Threshold Requiring Corrective Action 
Plan.--If for a fiscal year the improper payment rate of a State is 
more than 5 percent of the aggregate amount of payments made to carry 
out this subchapter by such State for such fiscal year, then such State 
shall submit to the Secretary--
            ``(1) for review and approval a corrective action plan to 
        reduce such rate to not more than 5 percent for each subsequent 
        fiscal year; and
            ``(2) such reports as the Secretary may require to show 
        that such State is complying with the requirements of such plan 
        as approved by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Conditional Ineligibility.--If for each of 2 consecutive 
fiscal years the improper payment rate of a State determined under this 
section is more 5 percent, then such State shall be ineligible to 
receive funds under this subchapter unless such State demonstrates to 
the satisfaction of the Secretary that such State for the next fiscal 
year will--
            ``(1) reduce such improper payment rate to not more than 5 
        percent for the next fiscal year; or
            ``(2) make significant progress to comply with the 
        corrective action plan approved under subsection (c).''.

SEC. 6. CYCLICAL MONITORING OF STATE PERFORMANCE.

    Section 658K of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858i) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Periodic Monitoring by the Secretary.--At 3-year intervals, 
the Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive review of the performance 
of each State that receives assistance under this subchapter. Based on 
the results of such review, the Secretary shall designate as high risk 
a State that has--
            ``(1) a high level of unresolved or repeated adverse audit 
        findings submitted under subsection (b);
            ``(2) a high level of unresolved issues under, or repeated 
        performance failures to carry out, corrective action plans 
        submitted by such State under section 659J(c); or
            ``(3) unresolved or repeat findings of noncompliance with 
        the State plan approved under section 658E(c).
    ``(d) Required Additional Monitoring.--If a State is designated as 
high risk under subsection (a), then the performance of such State 
shall be subject to additional monitoring, as determined by the 
Secretary.''.

SEC. 7. PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE CHILD AND ADULT CARE FOOD PROGRAM.

    Section 17(d)(5) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1766(d)(5)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (F); 
        and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
                    ``(E) Termination due to fraud.--
                            ``(i) Debarment.--In the case that the 
                        participation of an institution or family or 
                        group day care home under the program is 
                        terminated due to a final determination of 
                        fraud, the Secretary shall permanently debar 
                        such institution or family or group day care 
                        home from participating in the program.
                            ``(ii) Providers debarred from child care 
                        and development block grant program.--In the 
                        case that an institution or family or group day 
                        care home has been debarred from receiving 
                        financial assistance under the Child Care and 
                        Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
                        9857 et seq.) in accordance with section 
                        658I(b)(3)(B) of such Act, the Secretary shall 
                        permanently debar such institution or family or 
                        group day care home from participating in the 
                        program.
                            ``(iii) Final determination of fraud 
                        definition.--In this subparagraph, the term 
                        `final determination of fraud' means a 
                        determination reached in accordance with the 
                        procedures and requirements of this section, 
                        for which any rights to review or appeal have 
                        been exhausted or waived, that an institution 
                        or family or group day care home--
                                    ``(I) knowingly submitted a false 
                                statement or documentation to obtain 
                                funds disbursed under subsection 
                                (f)(1)(A);
                                    ``(II) misrepresented ownership, 
                                enrollment, attendance, or services in 
                                connection with the operation of the 
                                program by such institution or family 
                                or group day care home, or the 
                                eligibility of such institution or 
                                family or group day care home to 
                                operate the program, to obtain such 
                                funds;
                                    ``(III) made a knowing and improper 
                                expenditure of such funds; or
                                    ``(IV) engaged in any other conduct 
                                related to such funds that constituted 
                                fraud under Federal or State law.''.

SEC. 8. ELIMINATING AUTHORITY TO WAIVE SANCTIONS.

    Section 658I(c) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act 
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858lg(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``or sanctions imposed 
        upon a State in accordance with subsection (b)(2)'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``sanction 
                or''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``sanction 
                or'';
            (3) in paragraph (3) striking ``sanction or''; and
            (4) in paragraph (7) by striking ``sanction(s) or''.

SEC. 9. GAO STUDY AND REPORT ON PROVIDER-RELATED FRAUD.

    (a) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study regarding fraud prevention measures in Federal early 
childhood education, child care, and child nutrition programs that 
shall include an analysis of--
            (1) the effectiveness of procedures and measures to prevent 
        fraud carried out by providers of services under such programs;
            (2) whether the data the Federal Government receives in 
        connection with such programs (including through audits and 
        reporting requirements) is--
                    (A) sufficient to successfully identify fraud 
                carried out under such programs; and
                    (B) used effectively by the Federal Government to 
                identify potential fraud carried out under such 
                programs; and
            (3) with respect to the Child Care and Development Block 
        Grant program established under the Child Care and Development 
        Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9857 et seq.)--
                    (A) the program integrity results for States that 
                have delegated responsibilities related to program 
                management and administration to counties, local 
                municipalities, or other entities; and
                    (B) whether any corrective action plans have been 
                implemented by States to improve program integrity 
                results, including any measurable outcomes from 
                implementing such a corrective action plan.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit 
to the Committee on Education and Workforce of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions of the Senate a report containing--
            (1) the results of the study conducted under subsection 
        (a); and
            (2) any regulatory or legislative recommendations to 
        improve fraud prevention measures in Federal early childhood 
        education, child care, and child nutrition programs.
    (c) Federal Early Childhood Education, Child Care, and Child 
Nutrition Programs Defined.--For the purposes of this section, the term 
``Federal early childhood education, child care, and child nutrition 
programs'' includes--
            (1) Head Start programs (including Early Head Start 
        programs) carried out under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 
        et seq.);
            (2) the Child and Adult Care Food Program under section 17 
        of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1766); and
            (3) the Child Care and Development Block Grant program 
        established under the Child Care and Development Block Grant 
        Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9857 et seq.).

SEC. 10. FRAUDULENT PAYMENTS.

    Section 658J(b) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act 
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858h(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``(including fraudulent 
        payments)'' after ``overpayments''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Report.--The State shall submit to the Secretary an 
        annual report that identifies the dollar and percentage amount 
        of improper payments made by the State, disaggregated as 
        specified by the Secretary by standardized payment categories 
        (including suspected and verified fraudulent payments, non-
        fraudulent overpayments, underpayments, and technically 
        improper payments (e.g., system error payments)).''.

            Passed the House of Representatives June 3, 2026.

            Attest:

                                             KEVIN F. MCCUMBER,

                                                                 Clerk.