[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7240 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 7240

 To direct the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
 revise regulations relating to ADS-B Out transmission exceptions, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 27, 2026

 Mr. Barrett introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
             Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To direct the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
 revise regulations relating to ADS-B Out transmission exceptions, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Military ADS-B Out Loophole Act''.

SEC. 2. REVISION TO EXCEPTION FOR ADS-B OUT TRANSMISSION.

    (a) ADS-B Out Reforms.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this 
        section, in applying section 91.225(f)(1) of title 14, Code of 
        Federal Regulations, the term ``sensitive government 
        mission''--
                    (A) shall be narrowly construed; and
                    (B) shall be limited to the portion of the flight 
                during which sensitive activities are carried out.
            (2) Rulemaking and administrative action.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this section, the Administrator of 
                the Federal Aviation Administration shall--
                            (i) issue or revise regulations to update 
                        section 91.225(f) of title 14, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations, to comply with the requirements of 
                        this section; and
                            (ii) revise any memorandum of agreement 
                        between the FAA and any other Federal, State, 
                        local, or Tribal agency to conform with the 
                        revised regulations described in clause (i).
                    (B) Report.--If the Administrator fails to issue or 
                revise regulations pursuant to subparagraph (A) or 
                revise any memorandum of agreement between the FAA and 
                any other agency pursuant to such subparagraph, the 
                Administrator shall, within 30 days, submit to the 
                appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
                status of such regulations, including the reasons that 
                the Administrator has failed to issue or revise such 
                regulations within the period required under such 
                subparagraph.
    (b) GAO Review and Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall--
            (1) review the utilization of exceptions under section 
        91.225(f) of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (or any 
        successor regulation), as revised under subsection (a), to 
        determine--
                    (A) whether the Department of Defense and other 
                relevant Federal agencies or other applicable operators 
                have utilized such exceptions in accordance with 
                relevant laws and regulations; and
                    (B) the extent of such utilization;
            (2) compare the utilization of exceptions specified in such 
        section 91.225(f) before and after the issuance of revised 
        regulations under subsection (a); and
            (3) submit to the Administrator and the appropriate 
        committees of Congress a report on the findings of the review 
        conducted under paragraph (1) and the comparison conducted 
        under paragraph (2).
    (c) FAA Review of Non-Compliant Operators.--Upon submission of the 
report under subsection (b)(3), the Administrator shall--
            (1) determine whether any Federal agency or other 
        applicable operator that has been found to have not utilized 
        the exceptions under section 91.225(f) of title 14, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), as revised 
        under subsection (a), in accordance with relevant laws and 
        regulations shall be permitted to continue to utilize such 
        exceptions; and
            (2) not later than 30 days after the date on which the 
        Comptroller General submits the report under subsection (b)(3), 
        brief the appropriate committees of Congress on such 
        determination.
    (d) Reports.--
            (1) To the administrator.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of enactment of this section, and on a quarterly basis 
        thereafter, each Federal, State, local, and Tribal agency that 
        performs sensitive government missions as described in section 
        91.225(f)(1) of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (or any 
        successor regulation), as revised under subsection (a), shall 
        submit to the Administrator a report that includes--
                    (A) an attestation that such operations are 
                regularly transmitting ADS-B Out and are conducted with 
                proper consideration to aviation safety; and
                    (B) a list of operations delineated by flight in 
                which the ADS-B Out equipment is not in transmit mode 
                because the aircraft was performing a sensitive 
                government mission, including the airport, airspace 
                location, date, time, duration, and mission type of 
                each such operation.
            (2) To congress.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of this section, and biannually 
                thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to the 
                appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
                frequency and nature of the ADS-B Out exceptions 
                granted to Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies 
                under section 91.225(f)(1) of title 14, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or any successor regulation), as revised 
                under subsection (a).
                    (B) Content.--The report submitted under 
                subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) shall include--
                                    (I) aggregated data on the 
                                operations in which ADS-B Out equipment 
                                is not in transmit mode by each agency 
                                described in paragraph (1); and
                                    (II) a determination from the 
                                Administrator as to whether each 
                                operation described in paragraph (1)(B) 
                                jeopardizes aviation safety; and
                            (ii) may include a classified annex.
                    (C) Special notification.--If an agency described 
                in paragraph (1) operates a flight using an exception 
                granted under section 91.225(f)(1) of title 14, Code of 
                Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), as 
                revised under subsection (a), 5 or more times in a 
                calendar month, or fails to provide to the 
                Administrator the attestation required under paragraph 
                (1)(A), the Administrator shall notify the appropriate 
                committees of Congress of such use within 14 days of 
                being notified of such use. For the purposes of this 
                subparagraph, a flight shall be interpreted as the 
                period beginning when an aircraft moves under its own 
                power for the purpose of flight and ending when the 
                aircraft lands.
    (e) Annual Inspector General Audits.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning on the date that is 3 years 
        after the date of enactment of this section, the inspector 
        general of the Department of Transportation shall conduct an 
        annual audit of FAA oversight of all operations that utilize an 
        exception under section 91.225(f)(1) of title 14, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), as revised 
        under subsection (a), including Federal agency operations.
            (2) Considerations.--In conducting an audit under paragraph 
        (1), the inspector general shall assess the efficacy of FAA 
        oversight related to the following:
                    (A) Ensuring exceptions under such section 
                91.225(f)(1) (or any successor regulation) are strictly 
                utilized by operators in accordance with relevant laws 
                and regulations.
                    (B) Identifying and engaging with any operator not 
                in compliance with relevant laws and regulations 
                relating to exceptions under such section 91.225(f)(1) 
                (or any successor regulation).
                    (C) Any other factor determined appropriate by the 
                inspector general.
            (3) Briefings to congress.--The inspector general shall 
        brief the appropriate committees of Congress on an annual basis 
        after the completion of each annual audit.
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration.
            (2) ADS-B out.--The term ``ADS-B Out''--
                    (A) has the meaning given such term in section 
                91.227 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations; and
                    (B) broadcasts information from the aircraft in 
                accordance with sections 91.225 and 91.227 of such 
                title (or any successor regulations).
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives;
                    (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (C) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (D) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.
            (4) FAA.--The term ``FAA'' means the Federal Aviation 
        Administration.
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