[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 960 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 960

 To replace the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 
             with 3 separate national research institutes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 23, 2023

  Mr. Paul (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Braun, Mrs. Blackburn, and Mr. 
    Hawley) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
  referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To replace the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 
             with 3 separate national research institutes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``NIH Reform Act''.

SEC. 2. DIVISION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS 
              DISEASES.

    (a) Organization of National Research Institutes.--Section 401 of 
the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 281) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``Allergy and 
                Infectious Diseases'' and inserting ``Allergic 
                Diseases'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (25) as paragraph 
                (27); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (24) the 
                following:
            ``(25) The National Institute of Infectious Diseases.
            ``(26) The National Institute of Immunologic Diseases.''; 
        and
            (2) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``27'' and inserting 
        ``29''.
    (b) Appointment of Directors.--
            (1) In general.--Section 405(a)(1) of the Public Health 
        Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284(a)(1)) is amended--
                    (A) by inserting ``, the Director of the National 
                Institute of Allergic Diseases, the Director of the 
                National Institute of Infectious Diseases, and the 
                Director of the National Institute of Immunologic 
                Diseases'' after ``National Cancer Institute''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``by and with the advice and 
                consent of the Senate,'' after ``the President,''.
            (2) Terms.--Section 405(a) of the Public Health Service Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 284(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(4) Certain appointments by the president.--The 
        appointments by the President of the Director of the National 
        Institute of Allergic Diseases, the Director of the National 
        Institute of Infectious Diseases, and the Director of the 
        National Institute of Immunologic Diseases shall be for terms 
        of 5 years. Each such Director may be reappointed for not more 
        than 1 additional term, in accordance paragraph (1).''.
            (3) Transition.--Effective on the date of enactment of this 
        Act, the position of Director of the National Institute of 
        Allergy and Infectious Diseases is terminated, and the National 
        Institute of Allergic Diseases, the National Institute of 
        Infectious Diseases, and the National Institute of Immunologic 
        Diseases shall be overseen by the Director of the National 
        Institutes of Health until such time as the directors of each 
        such national institutes is appointed pursuant to section 
        405(a)(1) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
        284(a)(1)), as amended by paragraph (1).
    (c) Duties of the National Institutes.--
            (1) National institute of allergic diseases.--Subpart 6 of 
        part C of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
        285f et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in the subpart heading, by striking ``Allergy 
                and Infectious Diseases'' and inserting ``Allergic 
                Diseases''; and
                    (B) in section 446--
                            (i) by striking ``Allergy and Infectious 
                        Diseases'' and inserting ``Allergic Diseases''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``allergic and immunologic 
                        diseases and disorders and infectious diseases, 
                        including tropical diseases'' and inserting 
                        ``allergic diseases and disorders''.
            (2) National institute of infectious diseases.--
                    (A) In general.--Part C of title IV of the Public 
                Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285 et seq.) is amended 
                by adding at the end the following:

        ``Subpart 21--National Institute of Infectious Diseases

``SEC. 464Z-10. PURPOSE OF THE INSTITUTE.

    ``The general purpose of the National Institute of Infectious 
Diseases is the conduct and support of research, training, health 
information dissemination, and other programs with respect to 
infectious diseases, including tropical diseases.''.
                    (B) Transfer of authorities.--Sections 447A and 
                447B of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285f-
                2; 285f-3) are--
                            (i) redesignated as sections 464z-11 and 
                        464z-12, respectively; and
                            (ii) transferred to appear after section 
                        464z-10 of such Act, as added by subparagraph 
                        (A).
                    (C) Orderly transition.--The Director of the 
                National Institutes of Health shall take such steps as 
                are necessary to provide for the orderly transition to 
                the authority of the National Institute of Infectious 
                Diseases established under section 464z-10 of the 
                Public Health Service Act, as added by subparagraph 
                (A), from any authority related to infectious diseases 
                of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious 
                Diseases, as in effect on the day before the date of 
                enactment of this Act.
            (3) National institute of immunologic diseases.--
                    (A) In general.--Part C of title IV of the Public 
                Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285 et seq.), as amended 
                by paragraph (2), is further amended by adding at the 
                end the following:

        ``Subpart 22--National Institute of Immunologic Diseases

``SEC. 464Z-15. PURPOSE OF THE INSTITUTE.

    ``The general purpose of the National Institute of Immunologic 
Diseases is the conduct and support of research, training, health 
information dissemination, and other programs with respect to 
immunologic diseases and disorders.''.
                    (B) Transfer of authorities.--Sections 447 and 447C 
                of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285f-1; 
                285f-4) are--
                            (i) redesignated as sections 464z-16 and 
                        464z-17, respectively; and
                            (ii) transferred to appear after section 
                        464z-15 of such Act, as added by subparagraph 
                        (A).
                    (C) Orderly transition.--The Director of the 
                National Institutes of Health shall take such steps as 
                are necessary to provide for the orderly transition to 
                the authority of the National Institute of Immunologic 
                Diseases established under section 464z-15 of the 
                Public Health Service Act, as added by subparagraph 
                (A), from any authority related to immunologic diseases 
                and disorders of the National Institute of Allergy and 
                Infectious Diseases, as in effect on the day before the 
                date of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 404B of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 283d) is amended by striking ``National Institute for 
        Allergy and Infectious Diseases'' and inserting ``National 
        Institute for Infectious Diseases''.
            (2) Section 404I of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 283k) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``or the 
                Director of the National Institute for Allergy and 
                Infectious Diseases''; and
                    (B by striking ``or the National Institute for 
                Allergy and Infectious Diseases'' each place it 
                appears.
            (3) Section 442A(a) of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 285d-8(a)) is amended by striking ``Allergy and 
        Infectious Diseases'' and inserting ``Immunologic Diseases''.
            (4) Any reference in any law (including a regulation), 
        guidance, map, document, record, or other paper of the United 
        States to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious 
        Diseases, including with respect to the Director of such 
        Institute, shall be deemed to be a reference to, as applicable, 
        the National Institute of Allergic Diseases, the National 
        Institute of Infectious Diseases, or the National Institute of 
        Immunologic Diseases, including with respect to the Directors 
        of such Institutes.
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