[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4862 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
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118th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 4862
To ensure that new advances in artificial intelligence are ethically
adopted to improve the health of all individuals, and for other
purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 30, 2024
Mr. Rounds (for himself and Mr. Heinrich) introduced the following
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health,
Education, Labor, and Pensions
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To ensure that new advances in artificial intelligence are ethically
adopted to improve the health of all individuals, and for other
purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. GOVERNING ETHICAL AI USE AND INNOVATION FOR HEALTH CARE
DEVELOPMENT.
(a) National Institutes of Health.--Part A of title IV of the
Public Health Service Act is amended by inserting after section 403D
(42 U.S.C. 283a-3) the following:
``SEC. 403E. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
``(a) In General.--The Director of NIH shall--
``(1) develop computational resources and datasets
necessary to use artificial intelligence approaches for health
and health care research;
``(2) provide expertise in biomedical research and the use
of artificial intelligence;
``(3) develop and maintain federated resources that provide
unified access to data from fundamental biomedical research and
the clinical care environment;
``(4) provide education and ongoing support to a nationwide
user community to foster scientifically sound, ethical, and
inclusive research using artificial intelligence that addresses
the health needs of all individuals; and
``(5) extend the clinical research capabilities of the
National Institutes of Health to address significant gaps in
evidence to guide clinical care and to serve the needs of every
community.
``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Director of NIH to carry out this section
$400,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.''.
(b) Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information
Technology.--Subtitle C of title XXX of the Public Health Service Act
(42 U.S.C. 300jj-51 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
``SEC. 3023. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
``(a) In General.--The National Coordinator shall--
``(1) carry out activities to engage in health research
by--
``(A) utilizing the electronic health record as a
data collection tool; and
``(B) requiring that individuals are offered an
opportunity to direct the use of their health data for
health care research; and
``(2) establish data and interoperability standards for
access, exchange, and use of clinical and administrative data
from the clinical care environment through a National
Artificial Intelligence Research Resource, in alignment with--
``(A) the United States Core Data for
Interoperability;
``(B) the Fast Health Interoperability Resources;
and
``(C) the Trusted Exchange Framework and Common
Agreement.
``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the National Coordinator for fiscal year 2025--
``(1) $10,000,000 to carry out subsection (a)(1); and
``(2) $50,000,000 to carry out subsection (a)(2).''.
(c) Medicare Requirement for Hospitals Relating to Use of
Electronic Health Records Data for Biomedical Research Purposes.--
Section 1866(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc(a)(1))
is amended--
(1) by moving the indentation of subparagraph (W) 2 ems to
the left;
(2) in subparagraph (X)--
(A) by moving the indentation 2 ems to the left;
and
(B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(3) in subparagraph (Y), by striking the period at the end
and inserting ``; and''; and
(4) by inserting after subparagraph (Y) the following new
subparagraph:
``(Z) in the case of a hospital, with respect to
each individual who is admitted to the hospital on or
after the date that is 1 year after the date of
enactment of this subparagraph, to--
``(i) request permission of the individual
to share the health data of the individual for
health-related research purposes in accordance
with section 3023(a)(1) of the Public Health
Service Act; and
``(ii) in the case where the individual
grants permission to the sharing of such data,
share the electronic health record of the
individual for such purposes in accordance with
such section.''.
(d) Sense of the Senate.--It is the sense of the Senate that any
steering subcommittee (or similar entity) for a National Artificial
Intelligence Research Resource established in the Interagency Committee
established under section 5103 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
9413) shall include an officer or employee of the National Institutes
of Health.
(e) National Library of Medicine.--
(1) In general.--Section 465(b) of the Public Health
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 286(b)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' after the
semicolon;
(B) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph
(10); and
(C) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
``(8) establish facilities so that the Library serves as
the central exchange center of federated data sharing;
``(9) establish a core data science program to guide and
enable a diverse and comprehensive community of health-related
research data users; and''.
(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Subpart 1 of part D
of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 286 et
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 468. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for
fiscal year 2025--
``(1) $100,000,000 to carry out section 465(b)(8); and
``(2) $100,000,000 to carry out section 465(b)(9).''.
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