[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4419 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4419

To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 
Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and 
         disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 23, 2024

  Mr. Cornyn (for himself, Mr. Ossoff, Ms. Sinema, and Mr. Lankford) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
        Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 
Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and 
         disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Detection Equipment and Technology 
Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024'' 
or the ``DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024''.

SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT, IDENTIFY, AND DISRUPT DRUGS 
              SUCH AS FENTANYL AND XYLAZINE.

    Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 182) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) carrying out research, development, testing, 
        evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, 
        effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and reference 
        libraries for use by Federal, State, local, and Tribal law 
        enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs or the 
        disruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and 
        xylazine, including, but not limited to--
                    ``(A) portable equipment that can detect and 
                identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the 
                sample;
                    ``(B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures 
                containing low concentrations of drugs and high 
                concentrations of cutting agents into their component 
                parts to enable signature extraction for field 
                identification and detection; and
                    ``(C) technologies that use machine learning or 
                artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of 
                the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 
                2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and other techniques to predict 
                whether the substances in a sample are controlled 
                substance analogues or other new psychoactive 
                substances not yet included in available reference 
                libraries.''.

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS.

    In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 
2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and 
Technology shall--
            (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best 
        practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk 
        Management Framework (NIST AI 100-1) or any successor document 
        published by the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology; and
            (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology's 
        research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit 
        analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the 
        latest available information, including the latest State and 
        Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by 
        the Drug Enforcement Administration or any successor document.
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