[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2626 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 373
118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 2626

To impose sanctions with respect to the Supreme Leader of Iran and the 
President of Iran and their respective offices for human rights abuses 
                       and support for terrorism.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 27, 2023

    Mr. Rubio (for himself, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Risch, Mr. Kaine, Mr. 
Blumenthal, Mr. Braun, Ms. Collins, Ms. Rosen, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Bennet, 
   Ms. Butler, Mr. Ricketts, Mr. Hickenlooper, Ms. Baldwin, and Mr. 
   Lankford) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

                              May 7, 2024

               Reported by Mr. Cardin, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To impose sanctions with respect to the Supreme Leader of Iran and the 
President of Iran and their respective offices for human rights abuses 
                       and support for terrorism.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Mahsa Amini Human rights 
and Security Accountability Act'' or the ``MAHSA Act''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE OFFICES OF 
              THE SUPREME LEADER AND PRESIDENT OF IRAN AND AFFILIATED 
              PERSONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Determination and report required.--Not later 
        than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
        annually thereafter, the President shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) determine whether each foreign person 
                described in subsection (b) meets the criteria for 
                imposition of sanctions under one or more of the 
                sanctions programs and authorities listed in paragraph 
                (2);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) impose applicable sanctions with 
                respect to any foreign person determined to meet the 
                criteria for imposition of sanctions pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) under the sanctions programs and 
                authorities listed in subparagraph (A) or (F) of 
                paragraph (2);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) pursue applicable sanctions with 
                respect to any foreign person determined to meet the 
                criteria for imposition of sanctions pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) under the sanctions programs and 
                authorities listed in subparagraph (B), (C), (D), or 
                (E) of paragraph (2); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) submit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees a report containing--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) a list of all foreign persons 
                        described in subsection (b) that meet the 
                        criteria for imposition of sanctions under one 
                        or more of the sanctions programs and 
                        authorities listed in paragraph (2); 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) for each foreign person 
                        identified pursuant to clause (i)--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) a list of each 
                                sanctions program or authority listed 
                                in paragraph (2) for which the person 
                                meets the criteria for imposition of 
                                sanctions;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) a statement of which, 
                                if any, of the sanctions authorized by 
                                any of the sanctions programs and 
                                authorities identified pursuant to 
                                subclause (I) have been imposed or will 
                                be imposed within 30 days of the 
                                submission of the report; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (III) with respect to 
                                which any of the sanctions authorized 
                                by any of the sanctions programs and 
                                authorities identified pursuant to 
                                subclause (I) have not been imposed and 
                                will not be imposed within 30 days of 
                                the submission of the report--
                                </DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    (aa) the specific 
                                        authority under which otherwise 
                                        applicable sanctions are being 
                                        waived, have otherwise been 
                                        determined not to apply, or are 
                                        not being imposed; 
                                        and</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    (bb) a complete 
                                        justification of the decision 
                                        to waive or otherwise not apply 
                                        the sanctions authorized by 
                                        such sanctions programs and 
                                        authorities.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Sanctions programs and authorities listed.--
        The sanctions programs and authorities listed in this paragraph 
        are sanctions programs and authorities pursuant to the 
        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Section 105(c) of the Comprehensive 
                Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 
                2010 (22 U.S.C. 8514(c)).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Executive Order 13553 (50 U.S.C. 1701 
                note; relating to blocking property of certain persons 
                with respect to serious human rights abuses by the 
                Government of Iran).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 
                note; relating to blocking property and prohibiting 
                transactions with persons who commit, threaten to 
                commit, or support terrorism).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Executive Order 13818 (50 U.S.C. 1701 
                note; relating to blocking the property of persons 
                involved in serious human rights abuse or 
                corruption).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) Executive Order 13876 (50 U.S.C. 1701 
                note; relating to imposing sanctions with respect to 
                Iran).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) Section 7031(c) of the Department of 
                State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs 
                Appropriations Act, 2023 (division K of Public Law 117-
                328).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Form of report.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1)(D) shall be submitted in an unclassified form but 
        may contain a classified annex provided separately containing 
        additional contextual information pertaining to justification 
        for the issuance of any waiver issued, as described in 
        paragraph (1)(D)(ii). The unclassified portion of such report 
        shall be made available on a publicly available internet 
        website of the Federal Government.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Foreign Persons Described.--The foreign persons 
described in this subsection are the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) The Supreme Leader of Iran and any official in 
        the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) The President of Iran and any official in the 
        Office of the President of Iran or the President's cabinet, 
        including cabinet ministers and executive vice 
        presidents.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Any entity, including foundations and economic 
        conglomerates, overseen by the Office of the Supreme Leader of 
        Iran that is complicit in financing or resourcing of human 
        rights abuses or support for terrorism.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Any official of any entity owned or controlled 
        by the Supreme Leader of Iran or the Office of the Supreme 
        Leader of Iran.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Any person determined by the President--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to be a person appointed by the 
                Supreme Leader of Iran, the Office of the Supreme 
                Leader of Iran, the President of Iran, or the Office of 
                the President of Iran to a position as a state official 
                of Iran, or as the head of any entity located in Iran 
                or any entity located outside of Iran that is owned or 
                controlled by one or more entities in Iran;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to have materially assisted, 
                sponsored, or provided financial, material, or 
                technological support for, or goods or services to or 
                in support of, any person the property and interests in 
                property of which are blocked pursuant to any sanctions 
                program or authority listed in subsection 
                (a)(2);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) to be owned or controlled by, or to 
                have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, 
                directly or indirectly, any person the property and 
                interests in property of which are blocked pursuant to 
                any sanctions program or authority listed in subsection 
                (a)(2); or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) to be a member of the board of 
                directors or a senior executive officer of any entity 
                the property and interests in property of which are 
                blocked pursuant to any sanctions program or authority 
                listed in subsection (a)(2).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Congressional Oversight.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after 
        receiving a request from the chairman and ranking member of one 
        of the appropriate congressional committees with respect to 
        whether a foreign person meets the criteria of a person 
        described in subsection (b)(5), the President shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) determine if the person meets such 
                criteria; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) submit an unclassified report, with a 
                classified annex provided separately if needed, to such 
                chairman and ranking member with respect to such 
                determination that includes a statement of whether or 
                not the President imposed or intends to impose 
                sanctions with respect to the person pursuant to any 
                sanctions program or authority listed in subsection 
                (a)(2).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Appropriate congressional committees 
        defined.--In this subsection, the term ``appropriate 
        congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
                the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
                the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. SEVERABILITY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    If any provision of this Act, or the application of such 
provision to any person or circumstance, is found to be 
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, or the application of that 
provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be 
affected.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Mahsa Amini Human rights and 
Security Accountability Act'' or the ``MAHSA Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Admission; admitted; alien; lawfully admitted for 
        permanent residence.--The terms ``admission'', ``admitted'', 
        ``alien'', and ``lawfully admitted for permanent residence'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (3) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
        individual or entity that is not a United States person.
            (4) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to 
        conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
        actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
        circumstance, or the result.
            (5) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 3. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE OFFICES OF THE 
              SUPREME LEADER AND PRESIDENT OF IRAN AND AFFILIATED 
              PERSONS.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Determinations and report required.--Not later than 120 
        days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
        thereafter, the President shall--
                    (A) determine whether each foreign person described 
                in subsection (b) meets the criteria, on or after such 
                date of enactment, for imposition of sanctions under 
                one or more of the sanctions programs and authorities 
                listed in paragraph (2);
                    (B) determine whether each foreign person described 
                in subsection (b) meets the criteria for imposition of 
                sanctions under one or more of the sanctions programs 
                and authorities listed in paragraph (2) based on 
                actions taken by that foreign person in response to the 
                protests sparked by the death of Jina Mahsa Amini on 
                September 16, 2022; and
                    (C) submit to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report containing--
                            (i) a list of all foreign persons described 
                        in subsection (b) that meet the criteria for 
                        imposition of sanctions under one or more of 
                        the sanctions programs and authorities listed 
                        in paragraph (2); and
                            (ii) for each foreign person identified 
                        pursuant to clause (i)--
                                    (I) a list of each sanctions 
                                program or authority listed in 
                                paragraph (2) for which the person 
                                meets the criteria for imposition of 
                                sanctions;
                                    (II) a statement of which, if any, 
                                of the sanctions mandated or authorized 
                                by any of the sanctions programs and 
                                authorities identified pursuant to 
                                subclause (I) have been imposed or will 
                                be imposed within 30 days of the 
                                submission of the report; and
                                    (III) with respect to which any of 
                                the sanctions mandated or authorized by 
                                any of the sanctions programs and 
                                authorities identified pursuant to 
                                subclause (I) have not been imposed and 
                                will not be imposed within 30 days of 
                                the submission of the report--
                                            (aa) the specific authority 
                                        under which otherwise 
                                        applicable sanctions are being 
                                        waived, have otherwise been 
                                        determined not to apply, or are 
                                        not being imposed; and
                                            (bb) a complete 
                                        justification of the decision 
                                        to waive or otherwise not apply 
                                        the sanctions authorized by 
                                        such sanctions programs and 
                                        authorities.
            (2) Sanctions programs and authorities listed.--The 
        sanctions programs and authorities listed in this paragraph are 
        sanctions programs and authorities pursuant to the following:
                    (A) Section 105(c) of the Comprehensive Iran 
                Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 
                (22 U.S.C. 8514(c)).
                    (B) Executive Order 13553 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to blocking property of certain persons with 
                respect to serious human rights abuses by the 
                Government of Iran).
                    (C) Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to blocking property and prohibiting 
                transactions with persons who commit, threaten to 
                commit, or support terrorism).
                    (D) Executive Order 13818 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to blocking the property of persons involved 
                in serious human rights abuse or corruption).
                    (E) Executive Order 13876 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to imposing sanctions with respect to Iran).
                    (F) Penalties and visa bans applicable with respect 
                to a person pursuant to section 7031(c) of the 
                Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related 
                Programs Appropriations Act, 2023 (division K of Public 
                Law 117-328).
            (3) Form of report.--The report required by paragraph 
        (1)(C) shall be submitted in an unclassified form but may 
        contain a classified annex provided separately containing 
        additional contextual information pertaining to justification 
        for the issuance of any waiver issued, as described in 
        paragraph (1)(C)(ii). The unclassified portion of such report 
        shall be made available on a publicly available internet 
        website of the Federal Government.
    (b) Foreign Persons Described.--The foreign persons described in 
this subsection are the following:
            (1) The Supreme Leader of Iran and any official in the 
        Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran.
            (2) The President of Iran and any official in the Office of 
        the President of Iran or the President's cabinet, including 
        cabinet ministers and executive vice presidents.
            (3) Any entity, including foundations and economic 
        conglomerates, overseen by the Office of the Supreme Leader of 
        Iran that is complicit in financing or resourcing of human 
        rights abuses or support for terrorism.
            (4) Any official of any entity owned or controlled by the 
        Supreme Leader of Iran or the Office of the Supreme Leader of 
        Iran.
            (5) Any person determined by the President--
                    (A) to be a person appointed by the Supreme Leader 
                of Iran, the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran, the 
                President of Iran, or the Office of the President of 
                Iran to a position as a state official of Iran, or as 
                the head of any entity located in Iran or any entity 
                located outside of Iran that is owned or controlled by 
                one or more entities in Iran;
                    (B) to have knowingly and significantly assisted, 
                sponsored, or provided significant financial, material, 
                or technological support for, or goods or services to 
                or in support of, any person the property and interests 
                in property of which are blocked pursuant to any 
                sanctions program or authority listed in subsection 
                (a)(2);
                    (C) to be owned or controlled by, or to have acted 
                or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or 
                indirectly, any person the property and interests in 
                property of which are blocked pursuant to any sanctions 
                program or authority listed in subsection (a)(2); or
                    (D) to be a member of the board of directors or a 
                senior executive officer of any entity the property and 
                interests in property of which are blocked pursuant to 
                any sanctions program or authority listed in subsection 
                (a)(2).
    (c) Congressional Oversight.--Not later than 120 days after 
receiving a request from the chairman and ranking member of one of the 
appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a foreign 
person meets the criteria of a person described in subsection (b)(5), 
the President shall--
            (1) determine if the person meets such criteria; and
            (2) submit an unclassified report, with a classified annex 
        provided separately if needed, to such chairman and ranking 
        member with respect to such determination that includes a 
        statement of whether or not the President imposed or intends to 
        impose sanctions with respect to the person pursuant to any 
        sanctions program or authority listed in subsection (a)(2).
    (d) Waivers.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive the application of 
        sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to 
        exceed 180 days if the President--
                    (A) determines that such a waiver is in the 
                national security interests of the United States; and
                    (B) not less than 15 days before the granting of 
                the waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a notice of and justification for the 
                waiver.
            (2) Form.--The waiver described in paragraph (1) may be 
        transmitted in classified form.
    (e) Sunset.--This section shall cease to have effect on the date 
that is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF SANCTIONING THE USE OF CIVILIANS 
              AS DEFENSELESS SHIELDS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Section 3 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians 
as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Each foreign person that the President determines, on 
        or after the date of the enactment of the MAHSA Act--
                    ``(A) is a member of Palestine Islamic Jihad or is 
                knowingly acting on behalf of Palestine Islamic Jihad; 
                and
                    ``(B) knowingly orders, controls, or otherwise 
                directs the use of civilians protected as such by the 
                law of war to shield military objectives from 
                attack.'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), (h), and 
        (i) as subsections (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j), respectively; 
        and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Congressional Requests.--Not later than 120 days after 
receiving a request from the chairman and ranking member of one of the 
appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a foreign 
person meets the criteria of a person described in subsection (b) or 
(c), the President shall--
            ``(1) determine if the person meets such criteria; and
            ``(2) submit a written justification to the chairman and 
        ranking member detailing whether or not the President imposed 
        or intends to impose sanctions described in subsection (b) or 
        (c) with respect to such person.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 4 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians 
as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Palestine islamic jihad.--The term `Palestine Islamic 
        Jihad' means--
                    ``(A) the entity known as Palestine Islamic Jihad 
                and designated by the Secretary of State as a foreign 
                terrorist organization pursuant to section 219 of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); or
                    ``(B) any person identified as an agent or 
                instrumentality of Palestine Islamic Jihad on the list 
                of specially designated nationals and blocked persons 
                maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of 
                the Department of the Treasury, the property or 
                interests in property of which are blocked pursuant to 
                the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
                U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).''.
    (c) Sunset.--Section 5 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians as 
Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended by striking ``December 31, 2023'' and inserting ``December 31, 
2030''.

SEC. 5. CONFRONTING ASYMMETRIC AND MALICIOUS CYBER ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign 
person that the President determines, on or after such date of 
enactment--
            (1) is responsible for or complicit in, or has engaged 
        knowingly in, significant cyber-enabled activities originating 
        from, or directed by persons located, in whole or in 
        substantial part, outside the United States that are reasonably 
        likely to result in, or have materially contributed to, a 
        significant threat to the national security, foreign policy, or 
        economic health or financial stability of the United States;
            (2) materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, 
        material, or technological support for, or goods or services to 
        or in support of, any activity described in this subsection or 
        any person whose property and interests in property are blocked 
        pursuant to this section;
            (3) is owned or controlled by, or has acted or purported to 
        act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person 
        whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant 
        to this section; or
            (4) has attempted to engage in any of the activities 
        described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of an 
        alien--
                    (A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the 
                United States or to be admitted to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) if the individual has been issued a visa or 
                other documentation, revocation, in accordance with 
                section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
                (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of the visa or other documentation.
            (2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with 
        the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
        et seq.), of all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a foreign person if such property and interests in 
        property are in the United States, come within the United 
        States, or are or come within the possession or control of a 
        United States person.
    (c) Requests by Appropriate Congressional Committees.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after receiving a 
        request that meets the requirements of paragraph (2) with 
        respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an activity 
        described in subsection (a), the President shall--
                    (A) determine if that person has engaged in such an 
                activity; and
                    (B) submit a classified or unclassified report to 
                the chairperson and ranking member of the committee or 
                committees that submitted the request with respect to 
                that determination that includes--
                            (i) a statement of whether or not the 
                        President imposed or intends to impose 
                        sanctions with respect to the person;
                            (ii) if the President imposed or intends to 
                        impose sanctions, a description of those 
                        sanctions; and
                            (iii) if the President does not intend to 
                        impose sanctions, a description of actions that 
                        meet the threshold for the President to impose 
                        sanctions.
            (2) Requirements.--A request under paragraph (1) with 
        respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an activity 
        described in subsection (a) shall be submitted to the President 
        in writing jointly by the chairperson and ranking member of one 
        of the appropriate congressional committees.

SEC. 6. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO CURRENT OR FORMER UNITED 
              STATES OFFICIALS.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign 
person the President determines has, on or after such date of 
enactment, ordered, directed, or taken material steps to carry out any 
use of violence or has attempted or threatened to use violence against 
any current or former official of the Government of the United States.
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of a 
        foreign person who is an individual--
                    (A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the 
                United States or to be admitted to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) if the individual has been issued a visa or 
                other documentation, revocation, in accordance with 
                section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
                (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of the visa or other documentation.
            (2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with 
        the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
        et seq.), of all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a foreign person if such property and interests in 
        property are in the United States, come within the United 
        States, or are or come within the possession or control of a 
        United States person.
    (c) Enforcement of Blocking of Property.--A person that violates, 
attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of a 
sanction described in subsection (b)(2) that is imposed by the 
President or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out such 
a sanction shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections 
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits 
an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
    (d) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive the application of 
        sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to 
        exceed 180 days if the President--
                    (A) determines that such a waiver is in the vital 
                national security interests of the United States; and
                    (B) not less than 15 days before the granting of 
                the waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a notice of and justification for the 
                waiver.
    (e) Termination and Sunset.--
            (1) Termination of sanctions.--The President may terminate 
        the application of sanctions under this section with respect to 
        a person if the President determines and reports to the 
        appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days 
        before the termination of the sanctions that--
                    (A) credible information exists that the person did 
                not engage in the activity for which sanctions were 
                imposed;
                    (B) the person has credibly demonstrated a 
                significant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate 
                consequence for the activity for which sanctions were 
                imposed, and has credibly committed to not engage in an 
                activity described in subsection (a) in the future; or
                    (C) the termination of the sanctions is in the 
                vital national security interests of the United States.
            (2) Sunset.--The requirement to impose sanctions under this 
        section shall terminate on the date that is 4 years after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7. RESOURCES FOR SANCTIONS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF 
              STATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that sanctions 
are a vital foreign policy and national security tool, and as such, it 
is critical that the Department of State and other agencies with 
responsibilities relating to sanctions across the executive branch--
            (1) are fully staffed, including through the prompt 
        confirmation by the Senate of a qualified head of the Office of 
        Sanctions Coordination of the Department of State; and
            (2) have the resources and infrastructure necessary for the 
        successful development and implementation of sanctions.
    (b) Increasing Resources and Improving Modernization for Sanctions 
Implementation.--The Secretary of State shall take steps to modernize 
the sanctions infrastructure and increase resources dedicated to 
implementing sanctions, including by--
            (1) ensuring the Department of State has necessary 
        subscriptions and access to open-source databases for purposes 
        of making determinations to support the designation of persons 
        for the imposition of sanctions;
            (2) equipping bureaus involved in drafting and reviewing 
        evidentiary packages to support such designations with 
        sufficient technical resources to do so, including an adequate 
        number of workstations that can be used to review classified 
        information; and
            (3) increasing the number of personnel dedicated to making 
        and reviewing such designations.
    (c) Report on Modernization Efforts.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report 
describing steps the Department of State is taking to address 
challenges in the ability of the Department to support the designation 
of persons for the imposition of sanctions.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriation.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of State for fiscal year 2025 $15,000,000 
to carry out this section.

SEC. 8. REPORT ON IMPACTS ON THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN OF SANCTIONS 
              IMPOSED BY THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury and drawing on subject-matter experts 
including economists and statisticians from the Department of State and 
the Department of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the impacts on the Islamic 
Republic of Iran of sanctions imposed by the United States.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
an assessment of the following:
            (1) The impact of sanctions imposed by the United States on 
        the following:
                    (A) Problematic activities and policies of the 
                Islamic Republic of Iran, including ballistic missile 
                development, proliferation of Iranian drones and 
                missiles to state and non-state actors, uranium 
                enrichment, and funding of terrorist groups in the 
                ``Axis of Resistance'', and how sanctions have 
                meaningfully impacted the ability of such groups to 
                operate.
                    (B) Key officials of the Iranian regime, including 
                their access to alternative financial markets, their 
                standard of living, and impacts to their personal 
                wealth.
                    (C) The operations of independent civil society 
                organizations in Iran, including the ability of such 
                organizations to access products that would allow them 
                to document and share human rights abuses, promote 
                democratic norms, and engage in political dissent.
                    (D) The efficacy of licensing actions aimed at 
                ensuring the people of Iran have access to 
                circumvention technologies around Iranian regime 
                firewalls and censors to promote internet freedom, 
                including General License D-2 of the Department of the 
                Treasury.
                    (E) The standard of living of the people of Iran, 
                including--
                            (i) the impact on the purchasing power of 
                        the people of Iran and their ability to afford 
                        and acquire food and medicine; and
                            (ii) changes in the size of the working and 
                        middle classes in Iran, including impacts to 
                        the poverty rate in Iran.
                    (F) The growth of unofficial economies controlled 
                by officials of the Iranian regime and members of the 
                Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
            (2) What industries in Iran remain unaffected by such 
        sanctions.

SEC. 9. EXCEPTIONS.

    (a) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--
            (1) In general.--A requirement to block and prohibit all 
        transactions in all property and interests in property under 
        this Act shall not include the authority or a requirement to 
        impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
            (2) Good.--In this subsection, the term ``good'' means any 
        article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply, or 
        manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, 
        and excluding technical data.
    (b) Exception to Comply With United Nations Headquarters Agreement 
and Law Enforcement Activities.--Sanctions under this Act shall not 
apply with respect to the admission of an alien to the United States if 
admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary--
            (1) to permit the United States to comply with the 
        Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, 
        signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
        November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United 
        States, or other applicable international obligations of the 
        United States; or
            (2) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement 
        activity in the United States.
    (c) Exception to Comply With Intelligence Activities.--Sanctions 
under this Act shall not apply to any activity subject to the reporting 
requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence activities of the 
United States.
    (d) Humanitarian Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--Sanctions under this Act shall not apply 
        to--
                    (A) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction 
                for the provision of agricultural commodities, food, 
                medicine, medical devices, humanitarian assistance, or 
                for humanitarian purposes; or
                    (B) transactions that are necessary for or related 
                to the activities described in subparagraph (A).
            (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Agricultural commodity.--The term 
                ``agricultural commodity'' has the meaning given that 
                term in section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 
                1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
                    (B) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' 
                has the meaning given the term ``device'' in section 
                201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
                U.S.C. 321).
                    (C) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the 
                meaning given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the 
                Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
    (e) Report on Exceptions.--Not later than one year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
describes each activity that would be subject to sanctions under this 
Act if not excepted pursuant to subsection (b) or (c).
                                                       Calendar No. 373

118th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 2626

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

To impose sanctions with respect to the Supreme Leader of Iran and the 
President of Iran and their respective offices for human rights abuses 
                       and support for terrorism.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              May 7, 2024

                       Reported with an amendment