[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1829 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 370
118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 1829

 To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in the import of 
  petroleum from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              June 6, 2023

Mr. Rubio (for himself, Ms. Hassan, Ms. Rosen, Mr. Hoeven, Mr. Scott of 
   Florida, Mr. Barrasso, Mrs. Britt, Ms. Murkowski, Mr. Hawley, Mr. 
  Boozman, Ms. Cortez Masto, Ms. Collins, Mr. Braun, Mr. Thune, Mrs. 
    Fischer, Mr. Marshall, Mr. Cornyn, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Manchin, Mr. 
Ricketts, Mr. Grassley, Mrs. Capito, Ms. Lummis, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Crapo, 
  Mr. Budd, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Moran, Mr. Schmitt, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. 
    Risch, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Casey, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Fetterman, Mr. 
    Hagerty, Mr. Coons, Mr. Bennet, and Ms. Baldwin) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                           Foreign Relations

                              May 7, 2024

               Reported by Mr. Cardin, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in the import of 
  petroleum from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Stop Harboring Iranian 
Petroleum Act of 2023''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Alien.--The term ``alien'' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 101(a) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
                the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of 
                the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
                the Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
                Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Family member.--The term ``family member'' 
        means, with respect to an individual, a spouse, child, parent, 
        sibling, grandchild, or grandparent of the 
        individual.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' 
        means an individual or entity that is not a United States 
        person.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Foreign port.--The term ``foreign port'' means 
        any harbor, marine terminal, or other shore side facility 
        outside of the United States used principally for the movement 
        of goods on the water.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with 
        respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a 
        person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the 
        conduct, the circumstance, or the result.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Material support.--The term ``material 
        support'' has the meaning given the term ``material support or 
        resources'' in section 2339A of title 18, United States 
        Code.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) United states person.--The term ``United 
        States person'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a United States citizen or an alien 
                lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United 
                States; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) an entity organized under the laws of 
                the United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an 
                entity.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) Vessel.--The term ``vessel'' means any 
        watercraft or aircraft capable of being used as a means of 
        transportation on, under, or over water.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the policy of the United States--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to deny the Islamic Republic of Iran the 
        ability to engage in destabilizing activities, support 
        international terrorism, fund the development and acquisition 
        of weapons of mass destruction and the means to deliver such 
        weapons by limiting export of petroleum and petroleum products 
        by the Islamic Republic of Iran;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to deny the Islamic Republic of Iran funds to 
        oppress and commit human rights violations against the Iranian 
        people who are assembling peacefully to redress the Iranian 
        regime;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to sanction entities that violate the laws of 
        the United States by providing support to the Iranian energy 
        sector; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) that the actions of the Islamic Republic of 
        Iran to finance and facilitate the participation of foreign 
        terrorist organizations in ongoing conflicts and illicit 
        activities is detrimental to the national security interests of 
        the United States.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS THAT ENGAGE 
              IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Imposition of Sanctions.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--On and after the date that is 90 
        days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
        shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with 
        respect to a foreign person that the President determines 
        knowingly engaged, on or after such date of enactment, in an 
        activity described in paragraph (2).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Activities described.--A foreign person 
        engages in an activity described in this paragraph if the 
        foreign person--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) owns or operates a foreign port that, 
                on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                permitted to dock at such foreign port a vessel--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) that is included on the list 
                        of specially designated nationals and blocked 
                        persons maintained by the Office of Foreign 
                        Assets Control of the Department of the 
                        Treasury for transporting Iranian crude oil; 
                        or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) of which the operator or 
                        owner of such vessel otherwise knowingly 
                        engages in a significant transaction to 
                        transport, offload, or deal in condensate, 
                        refined, or unrefined petroleum products, or 
                        other petrochemical products originating from 
                        the Islamic Republic of Iran;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) owns or operates a vessel that 
                conducts a sea-to-sea transfer involving a significant 
                transaction of any petroleum product originating from 
                the Islamic Republic of Iran;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) owns or operates a refinery that 
                engages in a significant transaction to process, 
                refine, or otherwise deal in any petroleum product 
                originating from the Islamic Republic of 
                Iran;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) is a family member of a foreign person 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) is owned or controlled by a foreign 
                person described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D); 
                or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) engages in a significant transaction 
                with, or provides material support to, a foreign person 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), or 
                (E).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Sanctions on foreign vessels.--Subject to such 
        regulations as the President may prescribe, the President may 
        prohibit a vessel described in subsection (a)(2)(A) or 
        (a)(2)(B) from landing at any port in the United States--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) with respect to a vessel described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(A), for a period of not more than 2 
                years beginning on the date on which the President 
                imposes sanctions with respect to a related foreign 
                port described in subsection (a)(2)(A); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) with respect to a vessel described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(B), for a period of not more than 2 
                years.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Property blocking.--The President shall 
        exercise all of the powers granted to the President under the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
        seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all 
        transactions in property and interests in property of the 
        foreign person if such property and interests in property are 
        in the United States, come within the United States, or are or 
        come within the possession or control of a United States 
        person.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or 
        parole.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--In the 
                case of an alien, the alien is--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) inadmissible to the United 
                        States;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) ineligible to receive a visa 
                        or other documentation to enter the United 
                        States; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) otherwise ineligible to be 
                        admitted or paroled into the United States or 
                        to receive any other benefit under the 
                        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 
                        et seq.).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Current visas revoked.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) In general.--The visa or other 
                        entry documentation of an alien described in 
                        subparagraph (A) shall be revoked, regardless 
                        of when such visa or other entry documentation 
                        was issued.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Immediate effect.--A 
                        revocation under clause (i) shall--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) take effect 
                                immediately;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) automatically cancel 
                                any other valid visa or entry 
                                documentation that is in the alien's 
                                possession; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (III) be implemented in 
                                accordance with section 221(i) of the 
                                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
                                U.S.C. 1201(i)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Implementation; penalties.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Implementation.--The President--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) may exercise all authorities 
                        provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 
                        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
                        U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this 
                        section; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) not later than 180 days after 
                        the date of the enactment of this Act, shall 
                        prescribe such regulations as necessary to 
                        carry out this Act.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Notification to congress.--Not later 
                than 10 days before the effective date of any 
                regulation prescribed under subparagraph (A)(ii), the 
                President shall brief the appropriate congressional 
                committees on the proposed regulations and the 
                provisions of this Act relating to such 
                regulations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Penalties.--A person that violates, 
                attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 
                violation of this section or any regulation, license, 
                or order issued to carry out this section shall be 
                subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) 
                and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency 
                Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent 
                as a person that commits an unlawful act described in 
                subsection (a) of that section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Exceptions.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Exception relating to importation of goods.--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--A requirement to block 
                and prohibit all transactions in all property and 
                interests in property under this section shall not 
                include the authority or a requirement to impose 
                sanctions on the importation of goods.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Good.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``good'' means any article, natural or manmade 
                substance, material, supply or manufactured product, 
                including inspection and test equipment, and excluding 
                technical data.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Exception to comply with united nations 
        headquarters agreement and law enforcement activities.--
        Sanctions under subsection (b)(3) shall not apply with respect 
        to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United 
        States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with 
        the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, 
        signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
        November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United 
        States, or other applicable international obligations of the 
        United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Exception to comply with intelligence, law 
        enforcement, and other national security activities.--Sanctions 
        under subsection (b) shall not apply with respect to a foreign 
        person if such foreign person is a subject or target of, or 
        otherwise involved in, an intelligence, law enforcement, or 
        national security activity of the United States, as determined 
        by the President.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Waivers.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The President may waive the 
        application of sanctions under this section with respect to a 
        foreign person for a period not to exceed 180 days if the 
        President--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) determines that such a waiver is vital 
                to the national interests of the United States; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) not less than 15 days before the 
                granting of the waiver, submits to the appropriate 
                congressional committees a notice of and justification 
                for the waiver.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Special rule.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The President may waive 
                the application of sanctions under this section with 
                respect to a foreign person if the President certifies 
                in writing to the appropriate congressional committees 
                that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the foreign person--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) has ceased engaging in 
                                activities described in subsection (b); 
                                or</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) has taken and is 
                                continuing to take significant 
                                verifiable steps toward ceasing such 
                                activities; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the President has received 
                        reliable assurances from the government of the 
                        foreign country that such foreign person will 
                        not resume engaging in any activity described 
                        in subsection (b).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sunset.--The authority to grant a 
                waiver under this paragraph shall terminate on the date 
                that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 5. REPORT ON PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCT EXPORTS FROM 
              IRAN.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Energy Information 
Administration shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the increase exports of petroleum and petroleum products by 
the Islamic Republic of Iran.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) An analysis of the export and sale of 
        petroleum and petroleum products by the Islamic Republic of 
        Iran since 2018, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) an estimate of the annual revenue of 
                the export and sale of petroleum by the Islamic 
                Republic of Iran, disaggregated by year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) an estimate of the annual revenue of 
                the export and sale of petroleum to the People's 
                Republic of China by the Islamic Republic of Iran, 
                disaggregated by year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the number of petroleum and crude oil 
                barrels annually exported by the Islamic Republic of 
                Iran, disaggregated by year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the number of petroleum and crude oil 
                barrels annually exported to the People's Republic of 
                China by the Islamic Republic of Iran, disaggregated by 
                year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the number of petroleum and crude oil 
                barrels annually exported to countries other than the 
                People's Republic of China by the Islamic Republic of 
                Iran, disaggregated by year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) the average price per petroleum and 
                crude oil barrel annually exported by the Islamic 
                Republic of Iran, disaggregated by year; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) the average price per petroleum and 
                crude oil barrel annually exported to the People's 
                Republic of China by the Islamic Republic of Iran, 
                disaggregated by year.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) An analysis of the labeling practices of the 
        Islamic Republic of Iran with respect to exported petroleum and 
        petroleum products.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) A description of persons involved in the 
        export and sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the 
        Islamic Republic of Iran.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) A description of vessels involved in the 
        export and sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the 
        Islamic Republic of Iran.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) A description of foreign ports involved in the 
        export and sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the 
        Islamic Republic of Iran.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Publication.--The unclassified portion of the report 
required by subsection (a) shall be posted on a publicly available 
website of the Energy Information Administration.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum Act 
of 2024''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Admission; admitted; alien; lawfully admitted for 
        permanent residence.--The terms ``admission'', ``admitted'', 
        ``alien'', and ``lawfully admitted for permanent residence'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (3) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
        individual or entity that is not a United States person.
            (4) Foreign port.--The term ``foreign port'' means any 
        harbor, marine terminal, or other shore side facility outside 
        of the United States used principally for the movement of goods 
        on the water.
            (5) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to 
        conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
        actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
        circumstance, or the result.
            (6) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
            (7) Vessel.--The term ``vessel'' means any watercraft or 
        aircraft capable of being used as a means of transportation on, 
        under, or over water.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to deny the Islamic Republic of Iran the ability to 
        engage in destabilizing activities, support international 
        terrorism, fund the development and acquisition of weapons of 
        mass destruction and the means to deliver such weapons by 
        limiting export of petroleum and petroleum products by the 
        Islamic Republic of Iran;
            (2) to deny the Islamic Republic of Iran funds to oppress 
        and commit human rights violations against the Iranian people 
        who are assembling peacefully to redress the Iranian regime;
            (3) to sanction entities that provide support to the 
        Iranian energy sector; and
            (4) to counter the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran 
        to finance and facilitate the participation of foreign 
        terrorist organizations in ongoing conflicts and illicit 
        activities in the region and beyond, which is detrimental to 
        the national security interests of the United States.

SEC. 4. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS THAT ENGAGE IN 
              CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.

    (a) Imposition of Sanctions.--
            (1) In general.--On and after the date that is 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
        shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with 
        respect to a foreign person that the President determines 
        knowingly engaged, on or after such date of enactment, in an 
        activity described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Activities described.--A foreign person engages in an 
        activity described in this paragraph if the foreign person--
                    (A) owns or operates a foreign port at which, on or 
                after the date of the enactment of this Act, such 
                person knowingly permits to dock a vessel--
                            (i) that is included on the list of 
                        specially designated nationals and blocked 
                        persons maintained by the Office of Foreign 
                        Assets Control of the Department of the 
                        Treasury for transporting Iranian crude oil or 
                        petroleum products; or
                            (ii) of which the operator or owner of such 
                        vessel otherwise knowingly engages in a 
                        significant transaction involving such vessel 
                        to transport, offload, or deal in significant 
                        transactions in condensate, refined, or 
                        unrefined petroleum products, or other 
                        petrochemical products originating from the 
                        Islamic Republic of Iran;
                    (B) owns or operates a vessel through which such 
                owner knowingly conducts a sea-to-sea transfer 
                involving a significant transaction of any petroleum 
                product originating from the Islamic Republic of Iran;
                    (C) owns or operates a vessel that is knowingly 
                used by a foreign person for the transportation of 
                significant amounts of petroleum or petroleum products 
                from the Islamic Republic of Iran;
                    (D) owns or operates a refinery through which such 
                owner knowingly engages in a significant transaction to 
                process, refine, or otherwise deal in any petroleum 
                product originating from the Islamic Republic of Iran;
                    (E) is a covered family member of a foreign person 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (D); or
                    (F) is owned or controlled by a foreign person 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (D), and 
                knowingly engages in an activity described in 
                subparagraph (A), (B), or (D).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Sanctions on foreign vessels.--Subject to such 
        regulations as the President may prescribe, the President may 
        prohibit a vessel described in subsection (a)(2)(A) or 
        (a)(2)(B) from landing at any port in the United States--
                    (A) with respect to a vessel described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(A), for a period of not more than 2 
                years beginning on the date on which the President 
                imposes sanctions with respect to a related foreign 
                port described in subsection (a)(2)(A); and
                    (B) with respect to a vessel described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(B), for a period of not more than 2 
                years.
            (2) Property blocking.--The President shall exercise all of 
        the powers granted to the President under the International 
        Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the 
        extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
        property and interests in property of the foreign person if 
        such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (3) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
                    (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--In the case of an 
                alien, the alien is--
                            (i) inadmissible to the United States;
                            (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
                        documentation to enter the United States; and
                            (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
                        or paroled into the United States or to receive 
                        any other benefit under the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
                    (B) Current visas revoked.--
                            (i) In general.--The visa or other entry 
                        documentation of an alien described in 
                        subparagraph (A) shall be revoked, regardless 
                        of when such visa or other entry documentation 
                        was issued.
                            (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under 
                        clause (i) shall--
                                    (I) take effect immediately;
                                    (II) automatically cancel any other 
                                valid visa or entry documentation that 
                                is in the alien's possession; and
                                    (III) be implemented in accordance 
                                with section 221(i) of the Immigration 
                                and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)).
            (4) Implementation; penalties.--
                    (A) Implementation.--The President--
                            (i) may exercise all authorities provided 
                        under sections 203 and 205 of the International 
                        Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 
                        and 1704) to carry out this section; and
                            (ii) not later than 180 days after the date 
                        of the enactment of this Act, shall prescribe 
                        such regulations as necessary to carry out this 
                        Act.
                    (B) Notification to congress.--Not later than 10 
                days before the effective date of any regulation 
                prescribed in accordance with subparagraph (A)(ii), the 
                President shall brief the appropriate congressional 
                committees on the proposed regulations and the 
                provisions of this Act relating to such regulations.
                    (C) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
                violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
                this section or any regulation, license, or order 
                issued to carry out this section shall be subject to 
                the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
                section 206 of the International Emergency Economic 
                Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a 
                person that commits an unlawful act described in 
                subsection (a) of that section.
    (c) Waivers.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive the application of 
        sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to 
        exceed 180 days if the President--
                    (A) determines that such a waiver is in the vital 
                national security interests of the United States; and
                    (B) not less than 15 days before the granting of 
                the waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a notice of and justification for the 
                waiver.
            (2) Form.--The waiver described in paragraph (1) may be 
        transmitted in classified form.
            (3) Special rule.--The President may waive the application 
        of sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign 
        person if the President certifies in writing to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that the foreign person--
                    (A) has ceased engaging in activities described in 
                subsection (a)(2); or
                    (B) has taken and is continuing to take significant 
                verifiable steps toward ceasing such activities.
    (d) Sunset.--The authority to impose sanctions under this section, 
and any sanctions imposed under this section, shall terminate on the 
date that is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (e) Covered Family Member Defined.--In this section, the term 
``covered family member'', with respect to a foreign person who is an 
individual, means a spouse, adult child, parent, or sibling of the 
person who engages in the sanctionable activity described under 
subsection (a)(2) or who demonstrably benefits from such activity.

SEC. 5. REPORT ON PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCT EXPORTS FROM IRAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Energy Information 
Administration shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the increase of exports of petroleum and petroleum products 
by the Islamic Republic of Iran.
    (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
the following:
            (1) An analysis of the export and sale of petroleum and 
        petroleum products by the Islamic Republic of Iran since 2018, 
        including--
                    (A) an estimate of the annual revenue of the export 
                and sale of petroleum by the Islamic Republic of Iran, 
                disaggregated by year;
                    (B) an estimate of the annual revenue of the export 
                and sale of petroleum to the People's Republic of China 
                by the Islamic Republic of Iran, disaggregated by year;
                    (C) the number of petroleum and crude oil barrels 
                annually exported by the Islamic Republic of Iran, 
                disaggregated by year;
                    (D) the number of petroleum and crude oil barrels 
                annually exported to the People's Republic of China by 
                the Islamic Republic of Iran, disaggregated by year;
                    (E) the number of petroleum and crude oil barrels 
                annually exported to countries other than the People's 
                Republic of China by the Islamic Republic of Iran, 
                disaggregated by year;
                    (F) the average price per petroleum and crude oil 
                barrel annually exported by the Islamic Republic of 
                Iran, disaggregated by year; and
                    (G) the average price per petroleum and crude oil 
                barrel annually exported to the People's Republic of 
                China by the Islamic Republic of Iran, disaggregated by 
                year.
            (2) An analysis of the labeling practices of the Islamic 
        Republic of Iran with respect to exported petroleum and 
        petroleum products.
            (3) A description of persons involved in the export and 
        sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the Islamic 
        Republic of Iran.
            (4) A description of vessels involved in the export and 
        sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the Islamic 
        Republic of Iran.
            (5) A description of foreign ports involved in the export 
        and sale of petroleum and petroleum products from the Islamic 
        Republic of Iran.
    (c) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted 
in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
    (d) Publication.--The unclassified portion of the report required 
by subsection (a) shall be posted on a publicly available website of 
the Energy Information Administration.

SEC. 6. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF SANCTIONING THE USE OF CIVILIANS 
              AS DEFENSELESS SHIELDS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Section 3 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians 
as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Each foreign person that the President determines, on 
        or after the date of the enactment of the Stop Harboring 
        Iranian Petroleum Act of 2024--
                    ``(A) is a member of Palestine Islamic Jihad or is 
                knowingly acting on behalf of Palestine Islamic Jihad; 
                and
                    ``(B) knowingly orders, controls, or otherwise 
                directs the use of civilians protected as such by the 
                law of war to shield military objectives from 
                attack.'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), (h), and 
        (i) as subsections (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j), respectively; 
        and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Congressional Requests.--Not later than 120 days after 
receiving a request from the chairman and ranking member of one of the 
appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a foreign 
person meets the criteria of a person described in subsection (b) or 
(c), the President shall--
            ``(1) determine if the person meets such criteria; and
            ``(2) submit a written justification to the chairman and 
        ranking member detailing whether or not the President imposed 
        or intends to impose sanctions described in subsection (b) or 
        (c) with respect to such person.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 4 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians 
as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Palestine islamic jihad.--The term `Palestine Islamic 
        Jihad' means--
                    ``(A) the entity known as Palestine Islamic Jihad 
                and designated by the Secretary of State as a foreign 
                terrorist organization pursuant to section 219 of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); or
                    ``(B) any person identified as an agent or 
                instrumentality of Palestine Islamic Jihad on the list 
                of specially designated nationals and blocked persons 
                maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of 
                the Department of the Treasury, the property or 
                interests in property of which are blocked pursuant to 
                the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
                U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).''.
    (c) Sunset.--Section 5 of the Sanctioning the Use of Civilians as 
Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended by striking ``December 31, 2023'' and inserting ``December 31, 
2030''.

SEC. 7. CONFRONTING ASYMMETRIC AND MALICIOUS CYBER ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President may impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign 
person that the President determines, on or after such date of 
enactment--
            (1) is responsible for or complicit in, or has engaged 
        knowingly in, significant cyber-enabled activities originating 
        from, or directed by persons located, in whole or in 
        substantial part, outside the United States that are reasonably 
        likely to result in, or have materially contributed to, a 
        significant threat to the national security, foreign policy, or 
        economic health or financial stability of the United States;
            (2) materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, 
        material, or technological support for, or goods or services to 
        or in support of, any activity described in this subsection or 
        any person whose property and interests in property are blocked 
        pursuant to this section;
            (3) is owned or controlled by, or has acted or purported to 
        act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person 
        whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant 
        to this section; or
            (4) has attempted to engage in any of the activities 
        described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of an 
        alien--
                    (A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the 
                United States or to be admitted to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) if the individual has been issued a visa or 
                other documentation, revocation, in accordance with 
                section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
                (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of the visa or other documentation.
            (2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with 
        the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
        et seq.), of all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a foreign person if such property and interests in 
        property are in the United States, come within the United 
        States, or are or come within the possession or control of a 
        United States person.
    (c) Requests by Appropriate Congressional Committees.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after receiving a 
        request that meets the requirements of paragraph (2) with 
        respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an activity 
        described in subsection (a), the President shall--
                    (A) determine if that person has engaged in such an 
                activity; and
                    (B) submit a classified or unclassified report to 
                the chairperson and ranking member of the committee or 
                committees that submitted the request with respect to 
                that determination that includes--
                            (i) a statement of whether or not the 
                        President imposed or intends to impose 
                        sanctions with respect to the person;
                            (ii) if the President imposed or intends to 
                        impose sanctions, a description of those 
                        sanctions; and
                            (iii) if the President does not intend to 
                        impose sanctions, a description of actions that 
                        meet the threshold for the President to impose 
                        sanctions.
            (2) Requirements.--A request under paragraph (1) with 
        respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an activity 
        described in subsection (a) shall be submitted to the President 
        in writing jointly by the chairperson and ranking member of one 
        of the appropriate congressional committees.

SEC. 8. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO CURRENT OR FORMER UNITED 
              STATES OFFICIALS.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign 
person the President determines has, on or after such date of 
enactment, ordered, directed, or taken material steps to carry out any 
use of violence or has attempted or threatened to use violence against 
any current or former official of the Government of the United States.
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of a 
        foreign person who is an individual--
                    (A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the 
                United States or to be admitted to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) if the individual has been issued a visa or 
                other documentation, revocation, in accordance with 
                section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
                (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of the visa or other documentation.
            (2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with 
        the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
        et seq.), of all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a foreign person if such property and interests in 
        property are in the United States, come within the United 
        States, or are or come within the possession or control of a 
        United States person.
    (c) Enforcement of Blocking of Property.--A person that violates, 
attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of a 
sanction described in subsection (b)(2) that is imposed by the 
President or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out such 
a sanction shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections 
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits 
an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section.
    (d) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive the application of 
        sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to 
        exceed 180 days if the President--
                    (A) determines that such a waiver is in the vital 
                national security interests of the United States; and
                    (B) not less than 15 days before the granting of 
                the waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a notice of and justification for the 
                waiver.
    (e) Termination and Sunset.--
            (1) Termination of sanctions.--The President may terminate 
        the application of sanctions under this section with respect to 
        a person if the President determines and reports to the 
        appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days 
        before the termination of the sanctions that--
                    (A) credible information exists that the person did 
                not engage in the activity for which sanctions were 
                imposed;
                    (B) the person has credibly demonstrated a 
                significant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate 
                consequence for the activity for which sanctions were 
                imposed, and has credibly committed to not engage in an 
                activity described in subsection (a) in the future; or
                    (C) the termination of the sanctions is in the 
                vital national security interests of the United States.
            (2) Sunset.--The requirement to impose sanctions under this 
        section shall terminate on the date that is 4 years after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 9. RESOURCES FOR SANCTIONS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF 
              STATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that sanctions 
are a vital foreign policy and national security tool, and as such, it 
is critical that the Department of State and other agencies with 
responsibilities relating to sanctions across the executive branch--
            (1) are fully staffed, including through the prompt 
        confirmation by the Senate of a qualified head of the Office of 
        Sanctions Coordination of the Department of State; and
            (2) have the resources and infrastructure necessary for the 
        successful development and implementation of sanctions.
    (b) Increasing Resources and Improving Modernization for Sanctions 
Implementation.--The Secretary of State shall take steps to modernize 
the sanctions infrastructure and increase resources dedicated to 
implementing sanctions, including by--
            (1) ensuring the Department of State has necessary 
        subscriptions and access to open-source databases for purposes 
        of making determinations to support the designation of persons 
        for the imposition of sanctions;
            (2) equipping bureaus involved in drafting and reviewing 
        evidentiary packages to support such designations with 
        sufficient technical resources to do so, including an adequate 
        number of workstations that can be used to review classified 
        information; and
            (3) increasing the number of personnel dedicated to making 
        and reviewing such designations.
    (c) Report on Modernizations Efforts.--Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a 
report describing steps the Department of State is taking to address 
challenges in the ability of the Department to support the designation 
of persons for the imposition of sanctions.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriation.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of State for fiscal year 2025 $15,000,000 
to carry out this section.

SEC. 10. EXCEPTIONS.

    (a) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--
            (1) In general.--A requirement to block and prohibit all 
        transactions in all property and interests in property under 
        this Act shall not include the authority or a requirement to 
        impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
            (2) Good.--In this subsection, the term ``good'' means any 
        article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply, or 
        manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, 
        and excluding technical data.
    (b) Exception To Comply With United Nations Headquarters Agreement 
and Law Enforcement Activities.--Sanctions under this Act shall not 
apply with respect to the admission of an alien to the United States if 
admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary--
            (1) to permit the United States to comply with the 
        Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, 
        signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
        November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United 
        States, or other applicable international obligations of the 
        United States; or
            (2) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement 
        activity in the United States.
    (c) Exception To Comply With Intelligence Activities.--Sanctions 
under this Act shall not apply to any activity subject to the reporting 
requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence activities of the 
United States.
    (d) Humanitarian Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--Sanctions under this Act shall not apply 
        to--
                    (A) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction 
                for the provision of agricultural commodities, food, 
                medicine, medical devices, humanitarian assistance, or 
                for humanitarian purposes; or
                    (B) transactions that are necessary for or related 
                to the activities described in subparagraph (A).
            (2) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) Agricultural commodity.--The term 
                ``agricultural commodity'' has the meaning given that 
                term in section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 
                1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
                    (B) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' 
                has the meaning given the term ``device'' in section 
                201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
                U.S.C. 321).
                    (C) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the 
                meaning given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the 
                Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
    (e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed 
to affect the availability of any existing authorities to issue 
waivers, exceptions, exemptions, licenses, or other authorization.
    (f) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
describes each activity that would be sanctionable under this Act if 
not excepted pursuant to subsections (b) and (c).

SEC. 11. REPORT ON IMPACTS ON THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN OF SANCTIONS 
              IMPOSED BY THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury and drawing on subject-matter experts 
including economists and statisticians from the Department of State and 
the Department of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees (as defined in section 2(c)) a report on the 
impacts on the Islamic Republic of Iran of sanctions imposed by the 
United States.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
an assessment of the following:
            (1) The impact of sanctions imposed by the United States on 
        the following:
                    (A) Problematic activities and policies of the 
                Islamic Republic of Iran, including ballistic missile 
                development, proliferation of Iranian drones and 
                missiles to state and non-state actors, uranium 
                enrichment, and funding of terrorist groups in the 
                ``Axis of Resistance'', and how sanctions have 
                meaningfully impacted the ability of such groups to 
                operate.
                    (B) Key officials of the Iranian regime, including 
                their access to alternative financial markets, their 
                standard of living, and impacts to their personal 
                wealth.
                    (C) The operations of independent civil society 
                organizations in Iran, including the ability of such 
                organizations to access products that would allow them 
                to document and share human rights abuses, promote 
                democratic norms, and engage in political dissent.
                    (D) The efficacy of licensing actions aimed at 
                ensuring the people of Iran have access to 
                circumvention technologies around Iranian regime 
                firewalls and censors to promote internet freedom, 
                including General License D-2 of the Department of the 
                Treasury.
                    (E) The standard of living of the people of Iran, 
                including--
                            (i) the impact on the purchasing power of 
                        the people of Iran and their ability to afford 
                        and acquire food and medicine; and
                            (ii) changes in the size of the working and 
                        middle classes in Iran, including impacts to 
                        the poverty rate in Iran.
                    (F) The growth of unofficial economies controlled 
                by officials of the Iranian regime and members of the 
                Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
            (2) What industries in Iran remain unaffected by such 
        sanctions.
                                                       Calendar No. 370

118th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 1829

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in the import of 
  petroleum from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              May 7, 2024

                       Reported with an amendment