[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1573 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1573

  To reauthorize the Prematurity Research Expansion and Education for 
                 Mothers who deliver Infants Early Act.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 11, 2023

Mr. Bennet (for himself and Mr. Boozman) introduced the following bill; 
     which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To reauthorize the Prematurity Research Expansion and Education for 
                 Mothers who deliver Infants Early Act.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``PREEMIE Reauthorization Act of 
2023''.

SEC. 2. RESEARCH RELATING TO PRETERM LABOR AND DELIVERY AND THE CARE, 
              TREATMENT, AND OUTCOMES OF PRETERM AND LOW BIRTHWEIGHT 
              INFANTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 3(e) of the Prematurity Research Expansion 
and Education for Mothers who deliver Infants Early Act (42 U.S.C. 
247b-4f(e)) is amended by striking ``fiscal years 2019 through 2023'' 
and inserting ``fiscal years 2024 through 2028''.
    (b) Technical Correction.--Effective as if included in the 
enactment of the PREEMIE Reauthorization Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-
328; 132 Stat. 4471), section 2 of such Act is amended, in the matter 
preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``Section 2'' and inserting 
``Section 3''.

SEC. 3. PUBLIC AND HEALTH CARE PROVIDER EDUCATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES.

    Section 399Q of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280g-5) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(1)(D)--
                    (A) by redesignating clauses (vi) and (vii) as 
                clauses (vii) and (viii), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after clause (v) the following:
                            ``(vi) screening for and treatment of 
                        chronic conditions;''; and
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``fiscal years 2014 
        through 2018'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2024 through 
        2028''.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    Section 5(a) of the PREEMIE Reauthorization Act of 2018 (Public Law 
115-328; 132 Stat. 4473) is amended by striking ``The Secretary of 
Health and Human Services, in collaboration with other departments, as 
appropriate, may establish'' and inserting ``Not later than 18 months 
after the date of the enactment of the PREEMIE Reauthorization Act of 
2023, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in collaboration with 
other departments, as appropriate, shall establish''.

SEC. 5. STUDY ON PRETERM BIRTHS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
enter into appropriate arrangements with the National Academies of 
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine under which the National Academies 
shall--
            (1) not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, convene a committee of experts in maternal health to 
        study premature births in the United States; and
            (2) upon completion of the study under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) approve by consensus a report on the results of 
                such study;
                    (B) include in such report--
                            (i) an assessment of each of the topics 
                        listed in subsection (b);
                            (ii) the analysis required by subsection 
                        (c); and
                            (iii) the raw data used to develop such 
                        report; and
                    (C) not later than 24 months after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, transmit such report to--
                            (i) the Secretary of Health and Human 
                        Services;
                            (ii) the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
                        of the House of Representatives; and
                            (iii) the Committee on Finance and the 
                        Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
                        Pensions of the Senate.
    (b) Assessment Topics.--The topics listed in this subsection are of 
each of the following:
            (1) The financial costs of premature birth to society, 
        including--
                    (A) an analysis of stays in neonatal intensive care 
                units and the cost of such stays;
                    (B) long-term costs of stays in such units to 
                society and the family involved post-discharge; and
                    (C) health care costs for families post-discharge 
                from such units (such as medications, therapeutic 
                services, co-pays visits and specialty equipment).
            (2) The factors that impact pre-term birth rates.
            (3) Gaps in public health programs that have caused 
        increases in premature birth, including--
                    (A) gaps in the detection of premature birth risk 
                factors;
                    (B) gaps in information from States on pre-term 
                birth; and
                    (C) gaps in support and resources for parents 
                provided in-hospital, in non-hospital settings, and 
                post-discharge.
    (c) Analysis.--The analysis required by this subsection is an 
analysis of--
            (1) targeted research strategies to develop effective 
        drugs, treatments, or interventions to bring at-risk 
        pregnancies to term;
            (2) State and other programs' best practices with respect 
        to reducing premature birth rates;
            (3) opportunities to address developmental origins of 
        health with respect to premature birth rates; and
            (4) precision medicine and preventative care approaches 
        starting early in the life course (including during pregnancy) 
        with a focus on behavioral and biological influences on 
        premature birth, child health, and the trajectory of such 
        approaches into adulthood.
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