[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5826 Referred in Senate (RFS)]

<DOC>
118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5826


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 17, 2024

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
  To require a report on sanctions under the Robert Levinson Hostage 
Recovery and Hostage-Taking Accountability Act, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``No Paydays for Hostage-Takers Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Islamic Republic of Iran has a long history of 
        hostage-taking and wrongful detention of United States 
        nationals, including its illegal detention of 52 American 
        diplomats from 1979 to 1981.
            (2) The Robert Levinson Hostage Recovery and Hostage-Taking 
        Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 1741 et seq.), named in honor of 
        Robert Levinson, the longest-held hostage in United States 
        history who is presumed to have been killed by the regime while 
        in Iranian custody, authorizes sanctions with respect to 
        foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in 
        hostage-taking or unlawful or wrongful detention of United 
        States nationals abroad.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It shall be the policy of the United States to undertake additional 
actions and impose strict penalties to deter the Government of Iran and 
other hostile governments and non-state actors from hostage-taking or 
wrongfully detaining United States nationals.

SEC. 4. REPORT AND CERTIFICATION ON RESTRICTED IRANIAN FUNDS RELEASED 
              TO QATAR.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter for 6 years, the 
President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs of the Senate the following:
            (1) A report on the $6,000,000,000 in funds transferred 
        from restricted Iranian accounts in the Republic of South Korea 
        to restricted accounts in Qatar on or after August 9, 2023.
            (2) A certification as to whether credible evidence or 
        intelligence exists that any of the funds transferred have been 
        used for any purpose other than humanitarian purposes.
            (3) A certification as to whether credible evidence or 
        intelligence exists that the funds transferred have enabled the 
        Government of Iran to increase spending on defense, 
        intelligence, or malign foreign activities.
    (b) Matters to Be Included.--The report required by subsection 
(a)(1) shall include the following:
            (1) An itemized list of all transactions involving the use 
        of funds transferred, including the value of such transactions, 
        the parties to such transactions, the financial institutions 
        involved, the goods purchased in each transaction, the 
        destinations and end user of such goods, the date on which the 
        United States was notified of such transaction, and the date 
        the transaction occurred.
            (2) The quantity of funds described in subsection (a)(1) in 
        restricted accounts in Qatar at the beginning and end of each 
        reporting period.
            (3) A thorough description of the process the United States 
        Government utilized during the reporting period to review 
        transactions involving the use of funds transferred in order to 
        verify that such transactions were humanitarian in nature.

SEC. 5. REVIEW AND DETERMINATION AND REPORTS ON SANCTIONS UNDER THE 
              ROBERT LEVINSON HOSTAGE RECOVERY AND HOSTAGE-TAKING 
              ACCOUNTABILITY ACT.

    (a) Review and Determination.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and on an annual basis thereafter 
for 6 years, the President shall--
            (1) review all cases of the hostage-taking of a United 
        States national in Iran or at the direction of the Government 
        of Iran and all cases of the unlawful or wrongful detention of 
        a United States national in Iran or at the direction of the 
        Government of Iran that have occurred during the preceding 10-
        year period; and
            (2) make a determination as to whether any foreign person, 
        based on credible evidence--
                    (A) is responsible for or complicit in, or 
                responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise 
                directing, the hostage-taking of the United States 
                national or the unlawful or wrongful detention of the 
                United States national; or
                    (B) knowingly provides financial, material, or 
                technological support for, or goods or services in 
                support of, an activity described in subparagraph (A).
    (b) Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and on an annual basis thereafter for 6 years, 
the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report that--
            (1) identifies all foreign persons with respect to which 
        the President has made a determination under subsection (a)(2); 
        and
            (2) with respect to each such foreign person--
                    (A) states whether sanctions have been imposed 
                under section 306 of the Robert Levinson Hostage 
                Recovery and Hostage-Taking Accountability Act (22 
                U.S.C. 1741d) or will be imposed within 30 days of the 
                date of the submission of the report; and
                    (B) for whom sanctions have not been imposed or 
                will not be imposed under section 306 of such Act, 
                provides a description of the specific authority under 
                which otherwise applicable sanctions are being waived, 
                have otherwise been determined not to apply, or are not 
                being imposed and a complete justification of the 
                decision to waive or otherwise not apply the sanctions 
                authorized by such sanctions programs and authorities.

SEC. 6. REQUIREMENT TO LIMIT TRAVEL OF IRANIAN DIPLOMATS AT THE UNITED 
              NATIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) United States visa restrictions on sanctioned 
        individuals often contain exceptions for activities in order to 
        permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding 
        the headquarters of the United Nations signed at Lake Success 
        June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, 
        between the United Nations and the United States.
            (2) Section 6 of Public Law 80-357 (commonly known as the 
        ``United Nations Headquarters Agreement Act'') provides 
        ``Nothing in the agreement shall be construed as in any way 
        diminishing, abridging, or weakening the right of the United 
        States to safeguard its own security.''.
            (3) Congress has directed the President to use the 
        President's authority, including the authorities contained in 
        section 6 of Public Law 80-357, to deny any individual's 
        admission to the United States as a representative to the 
        United Nations if the President determines that such individual 
        has been found to have been engaged in espionage activities or 
        a terrorist activity directed against the United States or its 
        allies and may pose a threat to United States national security 
        interests.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that Iran's 
longstanding hostage-taking and wrongful detention of United States 
nationals, assassination plots against United States nationals outside 
and within the United States, and intelligence activities are a 
security or terrorist threat to the United States and United States 
interests and shall be a primary consideration in limiting travel of 
Iranian diplomats seeking admission to the United States for United 
Nations activities and their family members.
    (c) Denial of Visas.--Section 407(a)(1) of the Foreign Relations 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (8 U.S.C. 1102 note) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``(1)'' and inserting ``(1)(A)'';
            (2) by striking ``and'' at the end and inserting ``or''; 
        and
            (3) by adding further at the end the following:
                    ``(B) has been sanctioned pursuant to Executive 
                Order 13224 (66 Fed. Reg. 49079; relating to blocking 
                property and prohibiting transactions with persons who 
                commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism) or 
                Executive Order 13382 (70 Fed. Reg. 38567; relating to 
                blocking property of weapons of mass destruction 
                proliferators and their supporters) as of the date of 
                the enactment of the No Paydays for Hostage-Takers Act; 
                and''.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the 
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report on whether the President has taken action to restrict the travel 
of Iranian diplomats seeking admission to the United States for United 
Nations activities and their family members and identifying each such 
instance in which visas were denied or travel was restricted.

SEC. 7. REPORT ON BLOCKED IRANIAN ASSETS.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the President shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes the 
following:
            (1) An itemized list of any identifiable assets with a 
        valuation of more than $100,000 belonging to Iranian 
        individuals and entities that are or have been blocked or 
        otherwise frozen pursuant to any sanctions program under any 
        jurisdiction globally, in the prior 2 years.
            (2) Any changes to the status of such assets, including 
        unblocking, unfreezing, or transferring such assets, in the 
        prior 2 years.
            (3) With respect to any changes identified in paragraph 
        (2), whether the United States Government took any action, 
        including waiving of sanctions, that related to such unblocking 
        or unfreezing, and a justification for any such United States 
        actions.

SEC. 8. REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO FREEZE AND SEIZE IRANIAN 
              ASSETS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney 
General should, to the extent practicable--
            (1) carry out a coordinated international effort to find, 
        restrain, freeze, and where appropriate and legally authorized, 
        seize, confiscate or forfeit the assets of those individuals 
        and entities that have been sanctioned in connection with 
        Iran's malign activities, including hostage-taking, wrongful 
        detention, and human rights violations; and
            (2) work with foreign governments--
                    (A) to share intelligence of financial 
                investigations, as appropriate;
                    (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant to 
                paragraph (1); and
                    (C) to provide technical assistance to help 
                governments establish the necessary legal framework to 
                carry out asset forfeitures.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the 
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report on actions described in subsection (a).

SEC. 9. DETERMINATION AND REPORT ON INVALIDATING UNITED STATES 
              PASSPORTS FOR TRAVEL TO IRAN.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Secretary of State maintains authority to restrict 
        the use of United States passports for travel to or use in a 
        country or area which the Secretary has determined is a country 
        or area in which there is imminent danger to the public health 
        or physical safety of United States travelers, in accordance 
        with section 51.63 of title 22, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (2) In 2017, the Secretary of State declared United States 
        passports invalid for travel to, in, or through North Korea, 
        unless specially validated for such travel, after United States 
        citizen Otto Warmbier suffered grievous injuries in North 
        Korean custody, which led to his death.
            (3) The ban on use of United States passports for travel to 
        North Korea was renewed in 2023.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Secretary of State should declare United States passports invalid for 
travel to, in, or through Iran due to the imminent danger to the public 
health and physical safety of United States travelers stemming from the 
threat of wrongful detention or being taken hostage by the Iranian 
regime.
    (c) Determination and Report.--Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for 3 years, the 
Secretary of State shall determine and report to the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate--
            (1) whether the travel of United States persons to Iran 
        presents an imminent danger to the public health or physical 
        safety of United States travelers; and
            (2) whether the Secretary is exercising his authority to 
        declare United States passports invalid for travel to, in, or 
        through Iran.

SEC. 10. STRATEGY TO DETER HOSTAGE-TAKING.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the President shall develop and submit to Congress a strategy to 
deter and prevent wrongful detention and hostage-taking by United 
States adversaries, including identifying penalties for wrongful 
detention and hostage-taking, identifying clear United States 
Government policies barring the payment of ransom or transactions that 
could be viewed as ransom by the United States Government, and 
detailing plans to coordinate with United States allies and partners on 
such strategy.

SEC. 11. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--the term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
                Representatives; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.
            (2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person''--
                    (A) means an individual or entity that is not a 
                United States person; and
                    (B) includes a foreign state (as such term is 
                defined in section 1603 of title 28, United States 
                Code).
            (3) United states national.--The term ``United States 
        national'' has the meaning given that term in section 307(2) of 
        the Robert Levinson Hostage Recovery and Hostage-Taking 
        Accountability Act (22 U.S.C. 1741e(2)).

            Passed the House of Representatives April 16, 2024.

            Attest:

                                             KEVIN F. MCCUMBER,

                                                                 Clerk.