118 HR 2946 IH: Safe Zones Act of 2023
U.S. House of Representatives
2023-04-27
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
I
118th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 2946
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
April 27, 2023
Mr. Vicente Gonzalez of Texas introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
A BILL
To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to advance meritorious asylum claims, and for other purposes.
1.

Short title
This Act may be cited as the “Safe Zones Act of 2023”.
2.

Streamlining asylum system
(a)

Officers of U.S. Customs and Border Protection authorized To conduct asylum interviews
Section 235(b)(1)(E) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(b)(1)(E)) by striking “immigration officer” and inserting “immigration officer, including trained and qualified staff as determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security,”.
(b)

Standards To optimize and advance meritorious asylum claims
Section 235(b)(1)(B) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(b)(1)(B)) is amended—
(1)
by amending clause (v) to read as follows:
“(v)

Credible fear of persecution
(I)

In general
For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘credible fear of persecution’ means that there is a significant possibility, taking into account the credibility of the statements made by the alien in support of the alien’s claim and such other facts as are known to the officer, that the alien could establish eligibility for asylum under section 208 of this title.
(II)

Bars to asylum
An alien shall not be determined to have a credible fear of persecution if the alien is prohibited from applying for or receiving asylum, including an alien subject to a limitation or condition under subsection (a)(2) or (b)(2) (including a regulation promulgated under such subsection) of section 208.” ; and
(2)
by adding at the end the following:
“(vi)

Eligibility for relief
(I)

Credible fear review by immigration judge
Not later than 90 days after an alien submits an application for asylum at a safe zone, if the alien is determined to have a credible fear of persecution they shall be referred to an immigration judge for a determination of whether the alien is eligible for asylum under section 208, withholding of removal under section 241(b)(3), or protection under the Convention Against Torture.
(II)

Aliens with credible fear of persecution
- (aa)

In general
Except as provided in item (bb), if an alien referred under subparagraph (A)(ii) is determined to have a credible fear of persecution, the alien shall be eligible for asylum under section 208, withholding of removal under section 241(b)(3), or protection under the Convention Against Torture.
- (bb)

Exception
An alien shall not be eligible for consideration of an application for relief under item (aa) if the failure of the alien to establish a credible fear of persecution precludes the alien from eligibility for such relief.
(vii)

Ineligibility for removal proceedings
An alien referred under subparagraph (A)(ii) shall not be eligible for a hearing under section 240.”.
3.

Establishment of safe zones
(a)

In general
(1)

Immigration officer
Section 101(a)(18) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(18)) is amended by striking “Attorney General” and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”.
(2)

Safe zone
Section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
“(53)
The term safe zone—
(A)
means a facility designated under section 207(g) by the Secretary of State to accept and process applications for refugee admissions to the United States; and
(B)
may include a United States embassy, consulate, or other diplomatic facility, or other facility as determined to be appropriate by the Secretary of State.”.
(b)

Designation
Section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
“(g)

Safe zone
(1)

Designation
Not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment of this subsection, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall designate a safe zone outside the United States.
(2)

Locations
The Secretary of State shall establish—
(A)
not fewer than 3 safe zones along the United States-Mexico border; and
(B)
1 safe zone in Guatemala.
(3)

Duties of Secretary of State
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall ensure that any alien who is a national or habitual resident of a country in which a safe zone is located, or a country contiguous to such a country, may apply for refugee status at such safe zone.
(4)

Adjudications by immigration officers
Not later than 30 days after a credible fear determination is made for an alien, an application for refugee status submitted to a safe zone shall be adjudicated by an immigration officer.
(5)

Priority
The Secretary of State shall ensure that an application at a safe zone is prioritized—
(A)
for an alien who has been referred by an authorized nongovernmental organization, as determined by the Secretary of State; and
(B)
in accordance with any other requirements and procedures established by the Secretary of State under this subsection.
(6)

Application fees
(A)

In general
The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall charge, collect, and account for fees prescribed by each such Secretary pursuant to subsections (m) and (n) of section 286 of this Act and section 9701 of title 31, United States Code, for the purpose of receiving, docketing, processing, and adjudicating an application under this subsection.
(B)

Basis for fees
The fees prescribed under subparagraph (A) shall be based on a consideration of the amount necessary to deter frivolous applications and the cost for processing the application, including the implementation of program integrity and anti-fraud measures.
(7)

Covid–19 Testing
For the duration of the public health emergency with respect to COVID–19, the Secretary of State shall require an alien to present a negative test for COVID–19 to enter a safe zone.
(8)

Remote adjudication
Remote adjudication may be used, at the discretion of the Secretary of Homeland Security, to adjudicate any application submitted at a safe zone outside the United States.
(9)

Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated $40,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 to 2033 for the designation of safe zones pursuant to this section.”.
(c)

Sunset
The amendments made by this section shall cease to have effect beginning on the date that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
4.

Additional personnel required
(a)

U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commissioner of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection shall hire, train, and assign an additional number, as determined necessary by the Secretary of Homeland Security, of border patrol agents.
(b)

Immigration judges
Not later than six months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall hire 20 immigration judges and all appropriate support staff to carry out this Act.
5.

Service of safe zones
(a)

In general
The Secretary of State shall ensure that a safe zone under section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157), as amended by this Act, is safe and provides humane conditions. The Secretary shall provide—
(1)
security for the safe zone and shall ensure that it is fortified from potential danger;
(2)
temporary housing for an alien while such alien’s case is adjudicated;
(3)
adequate meals; and
(4)
access to medical care, social workers, the Legal Orientation Program administered by the Executive Office for Immigration Review, and other services the Secretary determines appropriate.
(b)

Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated $40,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2024 to 2034 to carry out this section.