[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 914 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]

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117th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 914

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
 To amend the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Federal Water Pollution 
  Control Act to reauthorize programs under those Acts, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Drinking Water and 
Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition of Administrator.
                        TITLE I--DRINKING WATER

Sec. 101. Technical assistance and grants for emergencies affecting 
                            public water systems.
Sec. 102. Drinking water State revolving loan funds.
Sec. 103. Source water petition program.
Sec. 104. Assistance for small and disadvantaged communities.
Sec. 105. Reducing lead in drinking water.
Sec. 106. Operational sustainability of small public water systems.
Sec. 107. Midsize and large drinking water system infrastructure 
                            resilience and sustainability program.
Sec. 108. Needs assessment for nationwide rural and urban low-income 
                            community water assistance.
Sec. 109. Rural and low-income water assistance pilot program.
Sec. 110. Lead contamination in school drinking water.
Sec. 111. Indian reservation drinking water program.
Sec. 112. Advanced drinking water technologies.
Sec. 113. Cybersecurity support for public water systems.
Sec. 114. State response to contaminants.
Sec. 115. Annual study on boil water advisories.
                         TITLE II--CLEAN WATER

Sec. 201. Research, investigations, training, and information.
Sec. 202. Wastewater efficiency grant pilot program.
Sec. 203. Pilot program for alternative water source projects.
Sec. 204. Sewer overflow and stormwater reuse municipal grants.
Sec. 205. Clean water infrastructure resiliency and sustainability 
                            program.
Sec. 206. Small and medium publicly owned treatment works circuit rider 
                            program.
Sec. 207. Small publicly owned treatment works efficiency grant 
                            program.
Sec. 208. Grants for construction and refurbishing of individual 
                            household decentralized wastewater systems 
                            for individuals with low or moderate 
                            income.
Sec. 209. Connection to publicly owned treatment works.
Sec. 210. Clean water State revolving funds.
Sec. 211. Water infrastructure and workforce investment.
Sec. 212. Grants to Alaska to improve sanitation in rural and Native 
                            villages.
Sec. 213. Water data sharing pilot program.
Sec. 214. Final rating opinion letters.
Sec. 215. Water infrastructure financing reauthorization.
Sec. 216. Small and disadvantaged community analysis.
Sec. 217. Stormwater infrastructure technology.
Sec. 218. Water Reuse Interagency Working Group.
Sec. 219. Advanced clean water technologies study.
Sec. 220. Clean watersheds needs survey.
Sec. 221. Water Resources Research Act amendments.
Sec. 222. Enhanced aquifer use and recharge.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF ADMINISTRATOR.

    In this Act, the term ``Administrator'' means the Administrator of 
the Environmental Protection Agency.

                        TITLE I--DRINKING WATER

SEC. 101. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND GRANTS FOR EMERGENCIES AFFECTING 
              PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    Section 1442 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-1) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
    ``(11) Compliance Evaluation.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure 
        Act of 2021, the Administrator shall--
                    ``(i) evaluate, based on the compliance data found 
                in the Safe Drinking Water Information System of the 
                Administrator, the compliance of community water 
                systems and wastewater systems with environmental, 
                health, and safety requirements under this title, 
                including water quality sampling, testing, and 
                reporting requirements; and
                    ``(ii) submit to Congress a report describing 
                trends seen as a result of the evaluation under clause 
                (i), including trends that demonstrate how the 
                characteristics of community water systems and 
                wastewater systems correlate to trends in compliance or 
                noncompliance with the requirements described in that 
                clause.
            ``(B) Requirement.--To the extent practicable, in carrying 
        out subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall determine 
        whether, in aggregate, community water systems and wastewater 
        systems maintain asset management plans.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), in the first sentence--
                    (A) by inserting ``(including an emergency 
                situation resulting from a cybersecurity event)'' after 
                ``emergency situation''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, including a threat to public 
                health resulting from contaminants, such as, but not 
                limited to, heightened exposure to lead in drinking 
                water'' after ``public health'';
            (3) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsection (b) $35,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.'';
            (4) in subsection (e), by striking paragraph (5) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this 
        subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2026.'';
            (5) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and
            (6) by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) State-based Nonprofit Organizations.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator may provide technical 
        assistance consistent with the authority provided under 
        subsection (e) to State-based nonprofit organizations that are 
        governed by community water systems.
            ``(2) Communication.--Each State-based nonprofit 
        organization that receives funding under paragraph (1) shall, 
        before using that funding to undertake activities to carry out 
        this subsection, consult with the State in which the assistance 
        is to be expended or otherwise made available.''.

SEC. 102. DRINKING WATER STATE REVOLVING LOAN FUNDS.

    (a) Drinking Water State Revolving Funds Capitalization Grant 
Reauthorization.--Section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 
U.S.C. 300j-12) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``During fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023, funds'' and inserting ``Funds'';
            (2) in subsection (m)(1) --
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) $2,400,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    ``(E) $2,750,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(F) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
                    ``(G) $3,250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 
                and 2026.''; and
            (3) in subsection (q), by striking ``2016 through 2021'' 
        and inserting ``2022 through 2026''.
    (b) Assistance for Disadvantaged Communities.--Section 1452(d) of 
the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``Notwithstanding any'' and 
                inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by 
                inserting ``, grants, negative interest loans, other 
                loan forgiveness, and through buying, refinancing, or 
                restructuring debt'' after ``forgiveness of 
                principal''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Exclusion.--A loan from a State loan fund 
                with an interest rate equal to or greater than 0 
                percent shall not be considered additional 
                subsidization for purposes of this subsection.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting the following:
                    ``(B) to the extent that there are sufficient 
                applications for loans to communities described in 
                paragraph (1), may not be less than 12 percent.''.

SEC. 103. SOURCE WATER PETITION PROGRAM.

    Section 1454 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-14) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), in the matter preceding 
                clause (i), by striking ``political subdivision of a 
                State,'' and inserting ``political subdivision of a 
                State (including a county that is designated by the 
                State to act on behalf of an unincorporated area within 
                that county, with the agreement of that unincorporated 
                area),'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4)(D)(i), by inserting 
                ``(including a county that is designated by the State 
                to act on behalf of an unincorporated area within that 
                county)'' after ``of the State''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Savings provision.--Unless otherwise provided within 
        the agreement, an agreement between an unincorporated area and 
        a county for the county to submit a petition under paragraph 
        (1)(A) on behalf of the unincorporated area shall not authorize 
        the county to act on behalf of the unincorporated area in any 
        matter not within a program under this section.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e), in the first sentence, by striking 
        ``2021'' and inserting ``2026''.

SEC. 104. ASSISTANCE FOR SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Existing Programs.--Section 1459A of the Safe Drinking Water 
Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) the purchase of point-of-entry or point-of-
                use filters and filtration systems that are certified 
                by a third party using science-based test methods for 
                the removal of contaminants of concern;
                    ``(E) investments necessary for providing accurate 
                and current information about--
                            ``(i) the need for filtration and filter 
                        safety, including proper use and maintenance 
                        practices; and
                            ``(ii) the options for replacing lead 
                        service lines (as defined section 1459B(a)) and 
                        removing other sources of lead in water; and
                    ``(F) entering into contracts, including contracts 
                with nonprofit organizations that have water system 
                technical expertise, to assist--
                            ``(i) an eligible entity; or
                            ``(ii) the State of an eligible entity, on 
                        behalf of that eligible entity.'';
            (2) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``An eligible entity'' and inserting ``Except 
        for purposes of subsections (j) and (m), an eligible entity'';
            (3) in subsection (g)(1), by striking ``to pay not less 
        than 45 percent'' and inserting ``except as provided in 
        subsection (l)(5) and subject to subsection (h), to pay not 
        less than 10 percent'';
            (4) by striking subsection (k) and inserting the following:
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsections (a) through (j)--
            ``(1) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            ``(2) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(3) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(4) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
            ``(5) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.''; and
            (5) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Administrator may'' 
                        and inserting ``The Administrator shall''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``fiscal years 2019 and 
                        2020'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2022 
                        through 2026'';
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking ``$4,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 2019 and 2020'' and inserting 
                ``$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
                2026'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph 
                (6); and
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Federal share for small, rural, and disadvantaged 
        communities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                with respect to a program or project that serves an 
                eligible entity and is carried out using a grant under 
                this subsection, the Federal share of the cost of the 
                program or project shall be 90 percent.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--The Administrator may increase the 
                Federal share under subparagraph (A) to 100 percent if 
                the Administrator determines that an eligible entity is 
                unable to pay, or would experience significant 
                financial hardship if required to pay, the non-Federal 
                share.''.
    (b) Connection to Public Water Systems.--Section 1459A of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(m) Connection to Public Water Systems.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means--
                            ``(i) an owner or operator of a public 
                        water system that assists or is seeking to 
                        assist eligible individuals with connecting the 
                        household of the eligible individual to the 
                        public water system; or
                            ``(ii) a nonprofit entity that assists or 
                        is seeking to assist eligible individuals with 
                        the costs associated with connecting the 
                        household of the eligible individual to a 
                        public water system.
                    ``(B) Eligible individual.--The term `eligible 
                individual' has the meaning given the term in section 
                603(j) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1383(j)).
                    ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the 
                competitive grant program established under paragraph 
                (2).
            ``(2) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a competitive 
        grant program for the purpose of improving the general welfare 
        under which the Administrator awards grants to eligible 
        entities to provide funds to assist eligible individuals in 
        covering the costs incurred by the eligible individual in 
        connecting the household of the eligible individual to a public 
        water system.
            ``(3) Application.--An eligible entity seeking a grant 
        under the program shall submit to the Administrator an 
        application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Administrator may require.
            ``(4) Voluntary connection.--Before providing funds to an 
        eligible individual for the costs described in paragraph (2), 
        an eligible entity shall ensure and certify to the 
        Administrator that--
                    ``(A) the eligible individual is voluntarily 
                seeking connection to the public water system;
                    ``(B) if the eligible entity is not the owner or 
                operator of the public water system to which the 
                eligible individual seeks to connect, the public water 
                system to which the eligible individual seeks to 
                connect has agreed to the connection; and
                    ``(C) the connection of the household of the 
                eligible individual to the public water system meets 
                all applicable local and State regulations, 
                requirements, and codes.
            ``(5) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure 
        Act of 2021, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a 
        report that describes the implementation of the program, which 
        shall include a description of the use and deployment of 
        amounts made available under the program.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the program $20,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.''.
    (c) Competitive Grant Pilot Program.--Section 1459A of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) (as amended by subsection (b)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) State Competitive Grants for Underserved Communities.--
            ``(1) In general.--In addition to amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated under subsection (k), there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out subsections (a) through (j) 
        $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 in 
        accordance with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Competitive grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this section, the Administrator shall 
                distribute amounts made available under paragraph (1) 
                to States through a competitive grant program.
                    ``(B) Applications.--To seek a grant under the 
                competitive grant program under subparagraph (A), a 
                State shall submit to the Administrator an application 
                at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
                information as the Administrator may require.
                    ``(C) Criteria.--In selecting recipients of grants 
                under the competitive grant program under subparagraph 
                (A), the Administrator shall establish criteria that 
                give priority to States with a high proportion of 
                underserved communities that meet the condition 
                described in subsection (a)(2)(A).
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure 
        Act of 2021, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a 
        report that describes the implementation of the competitive 
        grant program under paragraph (2)(A), which shall include a 
        description of the use and deployment of amounts made available 
        under the competitive grant program.
            ``(4) Savings provision.--Nothing in this paragraph affects 
        the distribution of amounts made available under subsection 
        (k), including any methods used by the Administrator for 
        distribution of amounts made available under that subsection as 
        in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
        subsection.''.

SEC. 105. REDUCING LEAD IN DRINKING WATER.

    Section 1459B of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19b) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking subparagraph (D) 
                and inserting the following:
                    ``(D) a qualified nonprofit organization with 
                experience in lead reduction, as determined by the 
                Administrator; and'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``publicly 
                        owned''; and
                            (ii) by striking clause (iii) and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(iii) providing assistance to eligible 
                        entities to replace lead service lines, with 
                        priority for disadvantaged communities based on 
                        the affordability criteria established by the 
                        applicable State under section 1452(d)(3), low-
                        income homeowners, and landlords or property 
                        owners providing housing to low-income 
                        renters.''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``an individual 
                provided'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``to 
                        provide assistance'' and all that follows 
                        through the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``to replace lead service lines, with first 
                        priority given to assisting disadvantaged 
                        communities based on the affordability criteria 
                        established by the applicable State under 
                        section 1452(d)(3), low-income homeowners, and 
                        landlords or property owners providing housing 
                        to low-income renters.''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``line'' and inserting ``lines''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``any 
                        publicly owned portion of'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i)--
                                    (I) by striking ``may'' and 
                                inserting ``shall'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``and may, for 
                                other homeowners,'' after ``low-income 
                                homeowner,''; and
                                    (III) by striking ``a cost that'' 
                                and all that follows through the 
                                semicolon at the end of clause (ii) and 
                                inserting ``no cost to the 
                                homeowner;'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iv) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
                        ``other options'' and all that follows through 
                        the period at the end and inserting ``feasible 
                        alternatives for reducing the concentration of 
                        lead in drinking water, such as corrosion 
                        control; and''; and
                            (v) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) shall notify the State of any planned 
                replacement of lead service lines under this program 
                and coordinate, where practicable, with other relevant 
                infrastructure projects.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by inserting ``(except for subsection (d))'' 
                after ``this section''; and
                    (B) by striking ``$60,000,000 for each of fiscal 
                years 2017 through 2021'' and inserting ``$100,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026'';
            (4) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections 
        (e) and (f), respectively; and
            (5) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Lead Inventorying Utilization Grant Pilot Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means a municipality that is served by a community 
                water system or a nontransient noncommunity water 
                system in which not less than 30 percent of the service 
                lines are known, or suspected, to contain lead, based 
                on available data, information, or resources, including 
                existing lead inventorying.
                    ``(B) Pilot program.--The term `pilot program' 
                means the pilot program established under paragraph 
                (2).
            ``(2) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        pilot program under which the Administrator shall provide 
        grants to eligible entities to carry out lead reduction 
        projects that are demonstrated to exist or are suspected to 
        exist, based on available data, information, or resources, 
        including existing lead inventorying of those eligible 
        entities.
            ``(3) Selection.--
                    ``(A) Application.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under the pilot program, an eligible entity shall 
                submit to the Administrator an application at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                as the Administrator may require.
                    ``(B) Prioritization.--In selecting recipients 
                under the pilot program, the Administrator shall give 
                priority to--
                            ``(i) an eligible entity that meets the 
                        affordability criteria of the applicable State 
                        established under section 1452(d)(3); and
                            ``(ii) an eligible entity that is located 
                        in an area other than a State that has 
                        established affordability criteria under 
                        section 1452(d)(3).
            ``(4) Report.--Not later 2 years after the Administrator 
        first awards a grant under the pilot program, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works 
        of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
        House of Representatives a report describing--
                    ``(A) the recipients of grants under the pilot 
                program;
                    ``(B) the existing lead inventorying that was 
                available to recipients of grants under the pilot 
                program; and
                    ``(C) how useful and accurate the lead inventorying 
                described in subparagraph (B) was in locating lead 
                service lines of the eligible entity.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the pilot program $10,000,000, 
        to remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 106. OPERATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459E. OPERATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a State;
                    ``(B) a unit of local government;
                    ``(C) a public corporation established by a unit of 
                local government to provide water service;
                    ``(D) a nonprofit corporation, public trust, or 
                cooperative association that owns or operates a public 
                water system;
                    ``(E) an Indian Tribe that owns or operates a 
                public water system;
                    ``(F) a nonprofit organization that provides 
                technical assistance to public water systems; and
                    ``(G) a Tribal consortium.
            ``(2) Operational sustainability.--The term `operational 
        sustainability' means the ability to improve the operation of a 
        small system through the identification and prevention of 
        potable water loss due to leaks, breaks, and other metering or 
        infrastructure failures.
            ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the grant program 
        established under subsection (b).
            ``(4) Small system.--The term `small system', for the 
        purposes of this section, means a public water system that--
                    ``(A) serves fewer than 10,000 people; and
                    ``(B) is owned or operated by--
                            ``(i) a unit of local government;
                            ``(ii) a public corporation;
                            ``(iii) a nonprofit corporation;
                            ``(iv) a public trust;
                            ``(v) a cooperative association; or
                            ``(vi) an Indian Tribe.
    ``(b) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a program to award 
grants to eligible entities for the purpose of improving the 
operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems.
    ``(c) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Administrator an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Administrator may require, including--
            ``(1) a proposal of the project to be carried out using 
        grant funds under the program;
            ``(2) documentation provided by the eligible entity 
        describing the deficiencies or suspected deficiencies in 
        operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems that are 
        to be addressed through the proposed project;
            ``(3) a description of how the proposed project will 
        improve the operational sustainability of 1 or more small 
        systems;
            ``(4) a description of how the improvements described in 
        paragraph (3) will be maintained beyond the life of the 
        proposed project, including a plan to maintain and update any 
        asset data collected as a result of the proposed project; and
            ``(5) any additional information the Administrator may 
        require.
    ``(d) Additional Required Information.--Before the award of funds 
for a grant under the program to a grant recipient, the grant recipient 
shall submit to the Administrator--
            ``(1) if the grant recipient is located in a State that has 
        established a State drinking water treatment revolving loan 
        fund under section 1452, a copy of a written agreement between 
        the grant recipient and the State in which the grant recipient 
        agrees to provide a copy of any data collected under the 
        proposed project to the State agency administering the State 
        drinking water treatment revolving loan fund (or a designee); 
        or
            ``(2) if the grant recipient is located in an area other 
        than a State that has established a State drinking water 
        treatment revolving loan fund under section 1452, a copy of a 
        written agreement between the grant recipient and the 
        Administrator in which the eligible entity agrees to provide a 
        copy of any data collected under the proposed project to the 
        Administrator (or a designee).
    ``(e) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives a grant under 
the program shall use the grant funds to carry out projects that 
improve the operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems 
through--
            ``(1) the development of a detailed asset inventory, which 
        may include drinking water sources, wells, storage, valves, 
        treatment systems, distribution lines, hydrants, pumps, 
        controls, and other essential infrastructure;
            ``(2) the development of an infrastructure asset map, 
        including a map that uses technology such as--
                    ``(A) geographic information system software; and
                    ``(B) global positioning system software;
            ``(3) the deployment of leak detection technology;
            ``(4) the deployment of metering technology;
            ``(5) training in asset management strategies, techniques, 
        and technologies for appropriate staff employed by--
                    ``(A) the eligible entity; or
                    ``(B) the small systems for which the grant was 
                received;
            ``(6) the deployment of strategies, techniques, and 
        technologies to enhance the operational sustainability and 
        effective use of water resources through water reuse; and
            ``(7) the development or deployment of other strategies, 
        techniques, or technologies that the Administrator may 
        determine to be appropriate under the program.
    ``(f) Cost Share.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Federal 
        share of the cost of a project carried out using a grant under 
        the program shall be 90 percent of the total cost of the 
        project.
            ``(2) Waiver.--The Administrator may increase the Federal 
        share under paragraph (1) to 100 percent.
    ``(g) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 
implementation of the program, which shall include a description of the 
use and deployment of amounts made available under the program.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.''.

SEC. 107. MIDSIZE AND LARGE DRINKING WATER SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE 
              RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) (as 
amended by section 106) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459F. MIDSIZE AND LARGE DRINKING WATER SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE 
              RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
        public water system that serves a community with a population 
        of 10,000 or more.
            ``(2) Natural hazard; resilience.--The terms `resilience' 
        and `natural hazard' have the meanings given those terms in 
        section 1433(h).
            ``(3) Resilience and sustainability program.--The term 
        `resilience and sustainability program' means the Midsize and 
        Large Drinking Water System Infrastructure Resilience and 
        Sustainability Program established under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish and carry 
out a program, to be known as the `Midsize and Large Drinking Water 
System Infrastructure Resilience and Sustainability Program', under 
which the Administrator, subject to the availability of appropriations 
for the resilience and sustainability program, shall award grants to 
eligible entities for the purpose of--
            ``(1) increasing resilience to natural hazards and extreme 
        weather events; and
            ``(2) reducing cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity may only use grant funds 
received under the resilience and sustainability program to assist in 
the planning, design, construction, implementation, operation, or 
maintenance of a program or project that increases resilience to 
natural hazards and extreme weather events, or reduces cybersecurity 
vulnerabilities, through--
            ``(1) the conservation of water or the enhancement of 
        water-use efficiency;
            ``(2) the modification or relocation of existing drinking 
        water system infrastructure made, or that is at risk of being, 
        significantly impaired by natural hazards or extreme weather 
        events, including risks to drinking water from flooding;
            ``(3) the design or construction of new or modified 
        desalination facilities to serve existing communities;
            ``(4) the enhancement of water supply through the use of 
        watershed management and source water protection;
            ``(5) the enhancement of energy efficiency or the use and 
        generation of renewable energy in the conveyance or treatment 
        of drinking water;
            ``(6) the development and implementation of measures--
                    ``(A) to increase the resilience of the eligible 
                entity to natural hazards and extreme weather events; 
                or
                    ``(B) to reduce cybersecurity vulnerabilities;
            ``(7) the conservation of water or the enhancement of a 
        water supply through the implementation of water reuse 
        measures; or
            ``(8) the formation of regional water partnerships to 
        collaboratively address documented water shortages.
    ``(d) Application.--To seek a grant under the resilience and 
sustainability program, an eligible entity shall submit to the 
Administrator an application at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Administrator may require, 
including--
            ``(1) a proposal of the program or project to be planned, 
        designed, constructed, implemented, operated, or maintained by 
        the eligible entity;
            ``(2) an identification of the natural hazard risks, 
        extreme weather events, or potential cybersecurity 
        vulnerabilities, as applicable, to be addressed by the proposed 
        program or project;
            ``(3) documentation prepared by a Federal, State, regional, 
        or local government agency of the natural hazard risk, 
        potential cybersecurity vulnerability, or risk for extreme 
        weather events to the area where the proposed program or 
        project is to be located;
            ``(4) a description of any recent natural hazards, 
        cybersecurity events, or extreme weather events that have 
        affected the community water system of the eligible entity;
            ``(5) a description of how the proposed program or project 
        would improve the performance of the community water system of 
        the eligible entity under the anticipated natural hazards, 
        cybersecurity vulnerabilities, or extreme weather events; and
            ``(6) an explanation of how the proposed program or project 
        is expected--
                    ``(A) to enhance the resilience of the community 
                water system of the eligible entity to the anticipated 
                natural hazards or extreme weather events; or
                    ``(B) to reduce cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    ``(e) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 
implementation of the resilience and sustainability program, which 
shall include a description of the use and deployment of amounts made 
available to carry out the resilience and sustainability program.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out the resilience and sustainability program 
        $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--Of the amounts made available under 
        paragraph (1) for grants to eligible entities under the 
        resilience and sustainability program--
                    ``(A) 50 percent shall be used to provide grants to 
                eligible entities that serve a population of--
                            ``(i) equal to or greater than 10,000; and
                            ``(ii) fewer than 100,000; and
                    ``(B) 50 percent shall be used to provide grants to 
                eligible entities that serve a population equal to or 
                greater than 100,000.
            ``(3) Administrative costs.--Of the amounts made available 
        under paragraph (1), not more than 2 percent may be used by the 
        Administrator for the administrative costs of carrying out the 
        resilience and sustainability program.''.

SEC. 108. NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR NATIONWIDE RURAL AND URBAN LOW-INCOME 
              COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section and section 109:
            (1) Community water system.--The term ``community water 
        system'' has the meaning given the term in section 1401 of the 
        Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f).
            (2) Large water service provider.--The term ``large water 
        service provider'' means a community water system, treatment 
        works, or municipal separate storm sewer system that serves 
        more than 100,000 people.
            (3) Medium water service provider.--The term ``medium water 
        service provider'' means a community water system, treatment 
        works, or municipal separate storm sewer system that serves 
        more than 10,000 people and not more than 100,000 people.
            (4) Need.--The term ``need'', with respect to a qualifying 
        household, means the expenditure of a disproportionate amount 
        of household income on access to public drinking water or 
        wastewater services.
            (5) Qualifying household.--The term ``qualifying 
        household'' means a household that--
                    (A) includes an individual who is--
                            (i) the holder of an account for drinking 
                        water or wastewater service that is provided to 
                        that household by a large water service 
                        provider, a medium water service provider, or a 
                        rural water service provider; or
                            (ii) separately billed by a landlord that 
                        holds an account with a large water service 
                        provider, a medium water service provider, or a 
                        rural water service provider for the cost of 
                        drinking water or wastewater service provided 
                        to that household by the respective large water 
                        service provider, medium water service 
                        provider, or rural water service provider; and
                    (B) is determined--
                            (i) by a large water service provider, a 
                        medium water service provider, or a rural water 
                        service provider to be eligible for assistance 
                        through a low-income ratepayer assistance 
                        program;
                            (ii) by the Governor of the State in which 
                        the household is located to be low-income, 
                        based on the affordability criteria established 
                        by the State under section 1452(d)(3) of the 
                        Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-
                        12(d)(3));
                            (iii) by the Administrator to experience 
                        drinking water and wastewater service costs 
                        that exceed the metrics of affordability 
                        established in the most recent guidance of the 
                        Administrator entitled ``Financial Capability 
                        Assessment Guidance''; or
                            (iv) in the case of a household serviced by 
                        a rural water service provider, by the State in 
                        which the household is located to have an 
                        annual income that does not exceed the greater 
                        of--
                                    (I) an amount equal to 150 percent 
                                of the poverty level of that State; and
                                    (II) an amount equal to 60 percent 
                                of the State median income for that 
                                State.
            (6) Rural water service provider.--The term ``rural water 
        service provider'' means a community water system, treatment 
        works, or municipal separate storm sewer system that serves not 
        more than 10,000 people.
            (7) Treatment works.--The term ``treatment works'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 212 of the Federal Water 
        Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1292).
    (b) Study; Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall conduct, and 
        submit to Congress a report describing the results of, a study 
        that examines the prevalence throughout the United States of 
        municipalities, public entities, or Tribal governments that--
                    (A) are serviced by rural water service providers, 
                medium water service providers, or large water service 
                providers that service a disproportionate percentage, 
                as determined by the Administrator, of qualifying 
                households with need; or
                    (B) as determined by the Administrator, have taken 
                on an unsustainable level of debt due to customer 
                nonpayment for the services provided by a large water 
                service provider, a medium water service provider, or a 
                rural water service provider.
            (2) Affordability inclusions.--The report under paragraph 
        (1) shall include--
                    (A) a definition of the term ``affordable access to 
                water services'';
                    (B) a description of the criteria used in defining 
                ``affordable access to water services'' under 
                subparagraph (A);
                    (C) a definition of the term ``lack of affordable 
                access to water services'';
                    (D) a description of the methodology and criteria 
                used in defining ``lack of affordable access to water 
                services'' under subparagraph (C);
                    (E) a determination of the prevalence of a lack of 
                affordable access to water services, as defined under 
                subparagraph (C);
                    (F) the methodology and criteria used to determine 
                the prevalence of a lack of affordable access to water 
                services under subparagraph (E);
                    (G) any additional information with respect to the 
                affordable access to water services, as defined under 
                subparagraph (A), provided by rural water service 
                providers, medium water service providers, and large 
                water service providers;
                    (H) with respect to the development of the report, 
                a consultation with all relevant stakeholders, 
                including rural advocacy associations;
                    (I) recommendations of the Administrator regarding 
                the best methods to reduce the prevalence of a lack of 
                affordable access to water services, as defined under 
                subparagraph (C); and
                    (J) a description of the cost of each method 
                described in subparagraph (I).
            (3) Agreements.--The Administrator may enter into an 
        agreement with another Federal agency to carry out the study 
        under paragraph (1).

SEC. 109. RURAL AND LOW-INCOME WATER ASSISTANCE PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a municipality, Tribal government, or other 
                entity that--
                            (i) owns or operates a community water 
                        system, treatment works, or municipal separate 
                        storm sewer system; or
                            (ii) as determined by the Administrator, 
                        has taken on an unsustainable level of debt due 
                        to customer nonpayment for the services 
                        provided by a community water system, treatment 
                        works, or municipal separate storm sewer 
                        system; and
                    (B) a State exercising primary enforcement 
                responsibility over a rural water service provider 
                under the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et 
                seq.) or the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), as applicable.
            (2) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' means the 
        pilot program established by the Administrator under subsection 
        (b)(1).
            (3) Water services needs assessment.--The term ``water 
        services needs assessment'' means the report required under 
        section 108(b)(1).
    (b) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish a 
        pilot program to award grants to eligible entities to develop 
        and implement programs to assist qualifying households with 
        need in maintaining access to drinking water and wastewater 
        treatment.
            (2) Requirement.--In establishing the pilot program, the 
        Administrator shall ensure that data from the water services 
        needs assessment directly contributes to the structure of the 
        pilot program by informing the types of assistance and criteria 
        used for priority consideration with the demonstrated need from 
        the study conducted under section 108(b)(1) and the water 
        services needs assessment.
            (3) Use of funds limitations.--A grant under the pilot 
        program--
                    (A) shall not be used to replace funds for any 
                existing similar program; but
                    (B) may be used to supplement or enhance an 
                existing program, including a program that receives 
                assistance from other Federal grants.
            (4) Term.--The term of a grant awarded under the pilot 
        program shall be subject to the availability of appropriations.
            (5) Types of assistance.--In establishing the pilot 
        program, the Administrator may include provisions for--
                    (A) direct financial assistance;
                    (B) a lifeline rate;
                    (C) bill discounting;
                    (D) special hardship provisions;
                    (E) a percentage-of-income payment plan; or
                    (F) debt relief for the eligible entity or the 
                community water system owned by the eligible entity for 
                debt that is due to customer nonpayment for the 
                services provided by the eligible entity or the 
                community water system that is determined by the 
                Administrator to be in the interest of public health.
            (6) Requirement.--The Administrator shall award not more 
        than 40 grants under the pilot program, of which--
                    (A) not more than 8 shall be to eligible entities 
                that own, operate, or exercise primary enforcement 
                responsibility over a rural water service provider 
                under the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et 
                seq.) or the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), as applicable;
                    (B) not more than 8 shall be to eligible entities 
                that own or operate a medium water service provider;
                    (C) not more than 8 shall be to eligible entities 
                that own or operate a large water service provider that 
                serves not more than 500,000 people;
                    (D) not more than 8 shall be to eligible entities 
                that own or operate a large water service provider that 
                serves more than 500,000 people; and
                    (E) not more than 8 shall be to eligible entities 
                that own or operate a community water system, treatment 
                works, or municipal separate storm sewer system that 
                services a disadvantaged community (consistent with the 
                affordability criteria established by the applicable 
                State under section 1452(d)(3) of the Safe Drinking 
                Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12(d)(3)) or section 
                603(i)(2) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act 
                (33 U.S.C. 1383(i)(2)), as applicable).
            (7) Criteria.--In addition to any priority criteria 
        established by the Administrator in response to the findings in 
        the water services needs assessment, in awarding grants under 
        the pilot program, the Administrator shall give priority 
        consideration to eligible entities that--
                    (A) serve a disproportionate percentage, as 
                determined by the Administrator, of qualifying 
                households with need, as identified in the water 
                services needs assessment;
                    (B) are subject to State or Federal enforcement 
                actions relating to compliance with the Federal Water 
                Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) or the 
                Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); or
                    (C) maintain or participate in an existing 
                community assistance program with objectives similar to 
                the objectives of the pilot program, as determined by 
                the Administrator.
            (8) Reporting requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--In addition to any other 
                applicable Federal or agency-specific grant reporting 
                requirements, as a condition of receiving a grant under 
                the pilot program, an eligible entity (or a State, on 
                behalf of an eligible entity) shall submit to the 
                Administrator an annual report that summarizes, in a 
                manner determined by the Administrator, the use of 
                grant funds by the eligible entity, including--
                            (i) key features of the assistance provided 
                        by the eligible entity;
                            (ii) sources of funding used to supplement 
                        Federal funds; and
                            (iii) eligibility criteria.
                    (B) Publication.--The Administrator shall publish 
                each report submitted under subparagraph (A).
    (c) Technical Assistance.--The Administrator shall provide 
technical assistance to each eligible entity, and each State, on behalf 
of an eligible entity, that receives a grant under the pilot program to 
support implementation of the program.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which grant 
funds are first disbursed to an eligible entity (or a State, on behalf 
of an eligible entity) under the program, and every year thereafter for 
the duration of the terms of the grants, the Administrator shall submit 
to Congress a report on the results of the pilot program.

SEC. 110. LEAD CONTAMINATION IN SCHOOL DRINKING WATER.

    Section 1464 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-24) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by inserting ``public 
                water systems and'' after ``to assist''; and
                    (B) in the third sentence, by inserting ``public 
                water systems,'' after ``schools,''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and 
                Reduction'' after ``Lead Testing'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the 
                        Administrator'' and all that follows through 
                        the period at the end and inserting the 
                        following: ``the Administrator shall establish 
                        a voluntary school and child care program lead 
                        testing, compliance monitoring, and lead 
                        reduction grant program to make grants 
                        available to--
                            ``(i) States to assist local educational 
                        agencies, public water systems that serve 
                        schools and child care programs under the 
                        jurisdiction of those local educational 
                        agencies, and qualified nonprofit organizations 
                        in voluntary testing or compliance monitoring 
                        for and remediation of lead contamination in 
                        drinking water at schools and child care 
                        programs under the jurisdiction of those local 
                        educational agencies; and
                            ``(ii) tribal consortia to assist tribal 
                        education agencies (as defined in section 3 of 
                        the National Environmental Education Act (20 
                        U.S.C. 5502)), public water systems that serve 
                        schools and child care programs under the 
                        jurisdiction of those tribal education 
                        agencies, and qualified nonprofit organizations 
                        in voluntary testing or compliance monitoring 
                        for and remediation of lead contamination in 
                        drinking water at schools and child care 
                        programs under the jurisdiction of those tribal 
                        education agencies.''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by inserting ``or compliance 
                                monitoring for or remediation of lead 
                                contamination'' after ``voluntary 
                                testing'';
                                    (II) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``or'' at the end;
                                    (III) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                the period at the end and inserting a 
                                semicolon; and
                                    (IV) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) any public water system that is 
                        located in a State that does not participate in 
                        the voluntary grant program established under 
                        subparagraph (A) that--
                                    ``(I) assists schools or child care 
                                programs in lead testing;
                                    ``(II) assists schools or child 
                                care programs with compliance 
                                monitoring;
                                    ``(III) assists schools with 
                                carrying out projects to remediate lead 
                                contamination in drinking water; or
                                    ``(IV) provides technical 
                                assistance to schools or child care 
                                programs in carrying out lead testing; 
                                or
                            ``(iv) a qualified nonprofit organization, 
                        as determined by the Administrator.'';
                    (C) in paragraphs (3), (5), (6), and (7), by 
                striking ``State or local educational agency'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``State, local 
                educational agency, public water system, tribal 
                consortium, or qualified nonprofit organization'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) by striking ``States and local 
                        educational agencies'' and inserting ``States, 
                        local educational agencies, public water 
                        systems, tribal consortia, and qualified 
                        nonprofit organizations''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or the remediation of'' 
                        after ``testing for'';
                    (E) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``State or local 
                                educational agency'' and inserting 
                                ``State, local educational agency, 
                                public water system, tribal consortium, 
                                or qualified nonprofit agency''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``, public water 
                                system, tribal consortium, or qualified 
                                nonprofit organization'' after ``each 
                                local educational agency'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``or tribal'' 
                                after ``applicable State''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``reducing lead'' 
                                and inserting ``voluntary testing or 
                                compliance monitoring for and 
                                remediation of lead contamination''; 
                                and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)(i), by inserting 
                        ``applicable'' before ``local educational 
                        agency'';
                    (F) in paragraph (7), by striking ``testing for'' 
                and inserting ``testing or compliance monitoring for or 
                remediation of''; and
                    (G) by striking paragraph (8) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(8) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection--
                    ``(A) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    ``(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(C) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(D) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                    ``(E) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.''.

SEC. 111. INDIAN RESERVATION DRINKING WATER PROGRAM.

    Section 2001 of the America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (42 
U.S.C. 300j-3c note; Public Law 115-270) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``Subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, the Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency'' and inserting ``The Administrator 
                of the Environmental Protection Agency (referred to in 
                this section as the `Administrator')''; and
                    (B) by striking ``to implement'' in the matter 
                preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through 
                the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting 
                ``to implement eligible projects described in 
                subsection (b).'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (2) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(2) that will--
                    ``(A) improve water quality, water pressure, or 
                water services through means such as connecting to, 
                expanding, repairing, improving, or obtaining water 
                from a public water system (as defined in section 1401 
                of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f)); or
                    ``(B) improve water quality or sanitation or 
                wastewater services at a treatment works (as defined in 
                section 212 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act 
                (33 U.S.C. 1292)).'';
            (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (g);
            (4) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Required Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--If sufficient projects exist, of the 
        funds made available to carry out this section, the 
        Administrator shall use 50 percent to carry out--
                    ``(A) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Upper Missouri River Basin;
                    ``(B) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Upper Rio Grande Basin;
                    ``(C) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Columbia River Basin;
                    ``(D) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Lower Colorado River Basin; and
                    ``(E) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Arkansas-White-Red River Basin.
            ``(2) Requirement.--In carrying out paragraph (1)(A), the 
        Administrator shall select not fewer than 2 eligible projects 
        for a reservation that serves more than 1 federally recognized 
        Indian Tribe.
    ``(d) Priority.--In selecting projects to carry out under this 
section, the Administrator shall give priority to projects that--
            ``(1) respond to emergency situations occurring due to or 
        resulting in a lack of access to clean drinking water that 
        threatens the health of Tribal populations;
            ``(2) would serve a Tribal population that would qualify as 
        a disadvantaged community based on the affordability criteria 
        established by the applicable State under section 1452(d)(3) of 
        the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12(d)(3)); or
            ``(3) would address the underlying factors contributing 
        to--
                    ``(A) an enforcement action commenced pursuant to 
                the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.) 
                against the applicable public water system (as defined 
                in section 1401 of that Act (42 U.S.C. 300f)) as of the 
                date of enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater 
                Infrastructure Act of 2021; or
                    ``(B) an enforcement action commenced pursuant to 
                the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 
                et seq.) against the applicable treatment works (as 
                defined in section 212 of that Act (33 U.S.C. 1292)) as 
                of the date of enactment of the Drinking Water and 
                Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021.
    ``(e) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
carried out under this section shall be 100 percent.
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 
implementation of the program established under subsection (a), which 
shall include a description of the use and deployment of amounts made 
available under that program.''; and
            (5) in subsection (g) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``There is'' and inserting ``There 
                are'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (a) $20,000,000'' and 
                inserting the following: ``subsection (a)--
            ``(1) $20,000,000'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``2022.'' and inserting ``2021; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2026.''.

SEC. 112. ADVANCED DRINKING WATER TECHNOLOGIES.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) (as 
amended by section 107) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459G. ADVANCED DRINKING WATER TECHNOLOGIES.

    ``(a) Study.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure 
        Act of 2021, the Administrator shall carry out a study that 
        examines the state of existing and potential future technology, 
        including technology that could address cybersecurity 
        vulnerabilities, that enhances or could enhance the treatment, 
        monitoring, affordability, efficiency, and safety of drinking 
        water provided by a public water system.
            ``(2) Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the 
        Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives a report that describes the results of the 
        study under paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Advanced Drinking Water Technology Grant Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means the owner or operator of a public water system 
                that--
                            ``(i) serves--
                                    ``(I) a population of not more than 
                                100,000 people; or
                                    ``(II) a community described in 
                                section 1459A(c)(2);
                            ``(ii) has plans to identify or has 
                        identified opportunities in the operations of 
                        the public water system to employ new, 
                        existing, or emerging, yet proven, 
                        technologies, including technology that could 
                        address cybersecurity vulnerabilities, as 
                        determined by the Administrator, that enhance 
                        treatment, monitoring, affordability, 
                        efficiency, or safety of the drinking water 
                        provided by the public water system, including 
                        technologies not identified in the study 
                        conducted under subsection (a)(1); and
                            ``(iii) has expressed an interest in the 
                        opportunities in the operation of the public 
                        water system to employ new, existing, or 
                        emerging, yet proven, technologies, including 
                        technology that could address cybersecurity 
                        vulnerabilities, as determined by the 
                        Administrator, that enhance treatment, 
                        monitoring, affordability, efficiency, or 
                        safety of the drinking water provided by the 
                        public water system, including technologies not 
                        identified in the study conducted under 
                        subsection (a)(1).
                    ``(B) Program.--The term `program' means the 
                competitive grant program established under paragraph 
                (2).
                    ``(C) Underserved community.--The term `underserved 
                community' means a political subdivision of a State 
                that, as determined by the Administrator, has an 
                inadequate system for obtaining drinking water.
            ``(2) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        competitive grant program under which the Administrator shall 
        award grants to eligible entities for the purpose of 
        identifying, deploying, or identifying and deploying 
        technologies described in paragraph (1)(A)(ii).
            ``(3) Requirements.--
                    ``(A) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under the program, an eligible entity shall 
                submit to the Administrator an application at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                as the Administrator may require.
                    ``(B) Federal share.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the Federal share of the cost of a project 
                        carried out using a grant under the program 
                        shall not exceed 90 percent of the total cost 
                        of the project.
                            ``(ii) Waiver.--The Administrator may 
                        increase the Federal share under clause (i) to 
                        100 percent if the Administrator determines 
                        that an eligible entity is unable to pay, or 
                        would experience significant financial hardship 
                        if required to pay, the non-Federal share.
            ``(4) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date on 
        which the Administrator first awards a grant under the program, 
        and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to 
        Congress a report describing--
                    ``(A) each recipient of a grant under the program 
                during the previous 1-year period; and
                    ``(B) a summary of the activities carried out using 
                grants awarded under the program.
            ``(5) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out the program 
                $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, 
                to remain available until expended.
                    ``(B) Administrative costs.--Not more than 2 
                percent of the amount made available for a fiscal year 
                under subparagraph (A) to carry out the program may be 
                used by the Administrator for the administrative costs 
                of carrying out the program.''.

SEC. 113. CYBERSECURITY SUPPORT FOR PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    Part B of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1420A. CYBERSECURITY SUPPORT FOR PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        `appropriate Congressional committees' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Environment and Public Works 
                of the Senate;
                    ``(B) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
                    ``(C) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives; and
                    ``(D) the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
                House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Director.--The term `Director' means the Director of 
        the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency.
            ``(3) Incident.--The term `incident' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 3552 of title 44, United States Code.
            ``(4) Prioritization framework.--The term `Prioritization 
        Framework' means the prioritization framework developed by the 
        Administrator under subsection (b)(1)(A).
            ``(5) Support plan.--The term `Support Plan' means the 
        Technical Cybersecurity Support Plan developed by the 
        Administrator under subsection (b)(2)(A).
    ``(b) Identification of and Support for Public Water Systems.--
            ``(1) Prioritization framework.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Drinking Water and 
                Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
                Administrator, in coordination with the Director, shall 
                develop a prioritization framework to identify public 
                water systems (including sources of water for those 
                public water systems) that, if degraded or rendered 
                inoperable due to an incident, would lead to 
                significant impacts on the health and safety of the 
                public.
                    ``(B) Considerations.--In developing the 
                Prioritization Framework, to the extent practicable, 
                the Administrator shall incorporate consideration of--
                            ``(i) whether cybersecurity vulnerabilities 
                        for a public water system have been identified 
                        under section 1433;
                            ``(ii) the capacity of a public water 
                        system to remediate a cybersecurity 
                        vulnerability without additional Federal 
                        support;
                            ``(iii) whether a public water system 
                        serves a defense installation or critical 
                        national security asset; and
                            ``(iv) whether a public water system, if 
                        degraded or rendered inoperable due to an 
                        incident, would cause a cascading failure of 
                        other critical infrastructure.
            ``(2) Technical cybersecurity support plan.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 270 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Drinking Water and 
                Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
                Administrator, in coordination with the Director and 
                using existing authorities of the Administrator and the 
                Director for providing voluntary support to public 
                water systems and the Prioritization Framework, shall 
                develop a Technical Cybersecurity Support Plan for 
                public water systems.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--The Support Plan--
                            ``(i) shall establish a methodology for 
                        identifying specific public water systems for 
                        which cybersecurity support should be 
                        prioritized;
                            ``(ii) shall establish timelines for making 
                        voluntary technical support for cybersecurity 
                        available to specific public water systems;
                            ``(iii) may include public water systems 
                        identified by the Administrator, in 
                        coordination with the Director, as needing 
                        technical support for cybersecurity;
                            ``(iv) shall include specific capabilities 
                        of the Administrator and the Director that may 
                        be utilized to provide support to public water 
                        systems under the Support Plan, including--
                                    ``(I) site vulnerability and risk 
                                assessments;
                                    ``(II) penetration tests; and
                                    ``(III) any additional support 
                                determined to be appropriate by the 
                                Administrator; and
                            ``(v) shall only include plans for 
                        providing voluntary support to public water 
                        systems.
            ``(3) Consultation required.--In developing the 
        Prioritization Framework pursuant to paragraph (1) and the 
        Support Plan pursuant to paragraph (2), the Administrator shall 
        consult with such Federal or non-Federal entities as determined 
        to be appropriate by the Administrator.
            ``(4) Reports required.--
                    ``(A) Prioritization framework.--Not later than 190 
                days after the date of enactment of the Drinking Water 
                and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
                Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
                Congressional committees a report describing the 
                Prioritization Framework.
                    ``(B) Technical cybersecurity support plan.--Not 
                later than 280 days after the date of enactment of the 
                Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 
                2021, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
                Congressional committees--
                            ``(i) the Support Plan; and
                            ``(ii) a list describing any public water 
                        systems identified by the Administrator, in 
                        coordination with the Director, as needing 
                        technical support for cybersecurity during the 
                        development of the Support Plan.
    ``(c) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section--
            ``(1) alters the existing authorities of the Administrator; 
        or
            ``(2) compels a public water system to accept technical 
        support offered by the Administrator.''.

SEC. 114. STATE RESPONSE TO CONTAMINANTS.

    Section 1459A(j)(1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-
19a(j)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``an underserved community'' and inserting ``a community 
        described in subsection (c)(2)''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``such 
        underserved'' and inserting ``that''.

SEC. 115. ANNUAL STUDY ON BOIL WATER ADVISORIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall conduct a 
study on the prevalence of boil water advisories issued in the United 
States.
    (b) Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress 
        a report describing the results of the most recent study 
        conducted under subsection (a) as part of the annual budget 
        request transmitted to Congress under section 1105(a) of title 
        31, United States Code.
            (2) Requirement.--In the annual report required under 
        paragraph (1), the Administrator shall include a description of 
        the reasons for which boil water advisories were issued during 
        the year covered by the report.

                         TITLE II--CLEAN WATER

SEC. 201. RESEARCH, INVESTIGATIONS, TRAINING, AND INFORMATION.

    (a) Reauthorization.--Section 104(u) of the Federal Water Pollution 
Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1254(u)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and (7)'' and inserting ``(7)''; and
            (2) in paragraph (7)--
                    (A) by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2021''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; and (8) not to exceed $75,000,000 for each of 
                fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for carrying out 
                subsections (b)(3), (b)(8), and (g), of which not less 
                than $50,000,000 each fiscal year shall be used to 
                carry out subsection (b)(8).''.
    (b) Communication.--Each nonprofit organization that receives 
funding under paragraph (8) of section 104(b) of the Federal Water 
Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1254(b)) shall, before using that 
funding to undertake activities to carry out that paragraph, consult 
with the State in which the assistance is to be expended or otherwise 
made available.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that 
describes the implementation of the grants authorized under subsections 
(b)(3), (b)(8), and (g) of section 104 of the Federal Water Pollution 
Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1254), which shall include a description of the 
grant recipients and grant amounts made available to carry out those 
subsections.

SEC. 202. WASTEWATER EFFICIENCY GRANT PILOT PROGRAM.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 222. WASTEWATER EFFICIENCY GRANT PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a wastewater 
efficiency grant pilot program (referred to in this section as the 
`pilot program') to award grants to owners or operators of publicly 
owned treatment works to carry out projects that create or improve 
waste-to-energy systems.
    ``(b) Selection.--
            ``(1) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
        under the pilot program, an owner or operator of a treatment 
        works shall submit to the Administrator an application at such 
        time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Administrator may require.
            ``(2) Number of recipients.--The Administrator shall select 
        not more than 15 recipients of grants under the pilot program 
        from applications submitted under paragraph (1).
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), a recipient of 
        a grant under the pilot program may use grant funds for--
                    ``(A) sludge collection;
                    ``(B) installation of anaerobic digesters;
                    ``(C) methane capture;
                    ``(D) methane transfer;
                    ``(E) facility upgrades and retrofits necessary to 
                create or improve waste-to-energy systems; and
                    ``(F) other new and emerging, but proven, 
                technologies that transform waste to energy.
            ``(2) Limitation.--A grant to a recipient under the pilot 
        program shall be not more than $4,000,000.
    ``(d) Reports.--
            ``(1) Report to the administrator.--Not later than 2 years 
        after receiving a grant under the pilot program and each year 
        thereafter for which amounts are made available for the pilot 
        program under subsection (e), the recipient of the grant shall 
        submit to the Administrator a report describing the impact of 
        that project on the communities within 3 miles of the treatment 
        works.
            ``(2) Report to congress.--Not later than 1 year after 
        first awarding grants under the pilot program and each year 
        thereafter for which amounts are made available for the pilot 
        program under subsection (e), the Administrator shall submit to 
        Congress a report describing--
                    ``(A) the applications received by the 
                Administrator for grants under the pilot program; and
                    ``(B) the projects for which grants were awarded 
                under the pilot program.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out the pilot program $20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2022 through 2026, to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''.

SEC. 203. PILOT PROGRAM FOR ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCE PROJECTS.

    Section 220 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
1300) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), in the heading, by striking ``In 
        General'' and inserting ``Establishment'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``construction'' 
                before ``funds'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2); and
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2);
            (3) by striking subsection (e);
            (4) in subsection (i)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``, the following definitions apply''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence, by 
                striking ``water or wastewater or by treating 
                wastewater'' and inserting ``water, wastewater, or 
                stormwater or by treating wastewater or stormwater for 
                groundwater recharge, potable reuse, or other 
                purposes'';
            (5) in subsection (j)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``There is'' 
                and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--There is'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``a total of $75,000,000 for fiscal years 2002 
                through 2004. Such sums shall'' and inserting 
                ``$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
                2026, to''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''; and
            (6) by redesignating subsections (b), (c), (d), (i), and 
        (j) as subsections (c), (d), (e), (b), and (i), respectively, 
        and moving those subsections so as to appear in alphabetical 
        order.

SEC. 204. SEWER OVERFLOW AND STORMWATER REUSE MUNICIPAL GRANTS.

    Section 221 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
1301) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1) --
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as 
                subparagraph (C); and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following:
                    ``(B) notification systems to inform the public of 
                combined sewer or sanitary overflows that result in 
                sewage being released into rivers and other waters; 
                and'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``The non-
                Federal share of the cost'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) Types of non-federal share.--The applicable non-
        Federal share of the cost under this subsection'';
                    (B) in the first sentence, by striking ``The 
                Federal'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Federal''; and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as so 
                designated) the following:
            ``(2) Rural and financially distressed communities.--To the 
        maximum extent practicable, the Administrator shall work with 
        States to prevent the non-Federal share requirements under this 
        subsection from being passed on to rural communities and 
        financially distressed communities (as those terms are defined 
        in subsection (f)(2)(B)(i)).'';
            (3) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $280,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2022 through 2026.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``To the extent'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) Green projects.--To the extent''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Rural or financially distressed community 
                allocation.--
                            ``(i) Definitions.--In this subparagraph:
                                    ``(I) Financially distressed 
                                community.--The term `financially 
                                distressed community' has the meaning 
                                given the term in subsection (c)(1).
                                    ``(II) Rural community.--The term 
                                `rural community' means a city, town, 
                                or unincorporated area that has a 
                                population of not more than 10,000 
                                inhabitants.
                            ``(ii) Allocation.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--To the extent 
                                there are sufficient eligible project 
                                applications, the Administrator shall 
                                ensure that a State uses not less than 
                                25 percent of the amount of the grants 
                                made to the State under subsection (a) 
                                in a fiscal year to carry out projects 
                                in rural communities or financially 
                                distressed communities for the purpose 
                                of planning, design, and construction 
                                of--
                                            ``(aa) treatment works to 
                                        intercept, transport, control, 
                                        treat, or reuse municipal sewer 
                                        overflows, sanitary sewer 
                                        overflows, or stormwater; or
                                            ``(bb) any other measures 
                                        to manage, reduce, treat, or 
                                        recapture stormwater or 
                                        subsurface drainage water 
                                        eligible for assistance under 
                                        section 603(c).
                                    ``(II) Rural communities.--Of the 
                                funds allocated under subclause (I) for 
                                the purposes described in that 
                                subclause, to the extent there are 
                                sufficient eligible project 
                                applications, the Administrator shall 
                                ensure that a State uses not less than 
                                60 percent to carry out projects in 
                                rural communities.''; and
            (4) in subsection (i)--
                    (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``The 
                recommended funding levels'' and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(B) Requirement.--The funding levels recommended 
                under subparagraph (A)(i)'';
                    (B) in the first sentence, by striking ``Not 
                later'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Periodic reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1)(A) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and'';
                            (ii) by striking ``containing recommended'' 
                        and inserting the following: ``containing--
                            ``(i) recommended''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) a description of the extent to which 
                        States pass costs associated with the non-
                        Federal share requirements under subsection (d) 
                        to local communities, with a focus on rural 
                        communities and financially distressed 
                        communities (as those terms are defined in 
                        subsection (f)(2)(B)(i)).''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Use of funds.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
        of enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater 
        Infrastructure Act of 2021, the Administrator shall submit to 
        the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and 
        the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
        of Representatives a report that describes the implementation 
        of the grant program under this section, which shall include a 
        description of the grant recipients, sources of funds for non-
        Federal share requirements under subsection (d), and grant 
        amounts made available under the program.''.

SEC. 205. CLEAN WATER INFRASTRUCTURE RESILIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY 
              PROGRAM.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) (as amended by section 202) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 223. CLEAN WATER INFRASTRUCTURE RESILIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a municipality; or
                    ``(B) an intermunicipal, interstate, or State 
                agency.
            ``(2) Natural hazard.--The term `natural hazard' means a 
        hazard caused by natural forces, including extreme weather 
        events, sea-level rise, and extreme drought conditions.
            ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the clean water 
        infrastructure resilience and sustainability program 
        established under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a clean water 
infrastructure resilience and sustainability program under which the 
Administrator shall award grants to eligible entities for the purpose 
of increasing the resilience of publicly owned treatment works to a 
natural hazard or cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives a grant under 
the program shall use the grant funds for planning, designing, or 
constructing projects (on a system-wide or area-wide basis) that 
increase the resilience of a publicly owned treatment works to a 
natural hazard or cybersecurity vulnerabilities through--
            ``(1) the conservation of water;
            ``(2) the enhancement of water use efficiency;
            ``(3) the enhancement of wastewater and stormwater 
        management by increasing watershed preservation and protection, 
        including through the use of--
                    ``(A) natural and engineered green infrastructure; 
                and
                    ``(B) reclamation and reuse of wastewater and 
                stormwater, such as aquifer recharge zones;
            ``(4) the modification or relocation of an existing 
        publicly owned treatment works, conveyance, or discharge system 
        component that is at risk of being significantly impaired or 
        damaged by a natural hazard;
            ``(5) the development and implementation of projects to 
        increase the resilience of publicly owned treatment works to a 
        natural hazard or cybersecurity vulnerabilities, as applicable; 
        or
            ``(6) the enhancement of energy efficiency or the use and 
        generation of recovered or renewable energy in the management, 
        treatment, or conveyance of wastewater or stormwater.
    ``(d) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Administrator an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Administrator may require, including--
            ``(1) a proposal of the project to be planned, designed, or 
        constructed using funds under the program;
            ``(2) an identification of the natural hazard risk of the 
        area where the proposed project is to be located or potential 
        cybersecurity vulnerability, as applicable, to be addressed by 
        the proposed project;
            ``(3) documentation prepared by a Federal, State, regional, 
        or local government agency of the natural hazard risk of the 
        area where the proposed project is to be located or potential 
        cybersecurity vulnerability, as applicable, of the area where 
        the proposed project is to be located;
            ``(4) a description of any recent natural hazard risk of 
        the area where the proposed project is to be located or 
        potential cybersecurity vulnerabilities that have affected the 
        publicly owned treatment works;
            ``(5) a description of how the proposed project would 
        improve the performance of the publicly owned treatment works 
        under an anticipated natural hazard or natural hazard risk of 
        the area where the proposed project is to be located or a 
        potential cybersecurity vulnerability, as applicable; and
            ``(6) an explanation of how the proposed project is 
        expected to enhance the resilience of the publicly owned 
        treatment works to a natural hazard risk of the area where the 
        proposed project is to be located or a potential cybersecurity 
        vulnerability, as applicable.
    ``(e) Grant Amount and Other Federal Requirements.--
            ``(1) Cost share.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        grant under the program shall not exceed 75 percent of the 
        total cost of the proposed project.
            ``(2) Exception.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), a grant under the program shall not 
                exceed 90 percent of the total cost of the proposed 
                project if the project serves a community that--
                            ``(i) has a population of fewer than 10,000 
                        individuals; or
                            ``(ii) meets the affordability criteria 
                        established by the State in which the community 
                        is located under section 603(i)(2).
                    ``(B) Waiver.--At the discretion of the 
                Administrator, a grant for a project described in 
                subparagraph (A) may cover 100 percent of the total 
                cost of the proposed project.
            ``(3) Requirements.--The requirements of section 608 shall 
        apply to a project funded with a grant under the program.
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 2021, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 
implementation of the program, which shall include an accounting of all 
grants awarded under the program, including a description of each grant 
recipient and each project funded using a grant under the program.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2022 through 2026.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''.

SEC. 206. SMALL AND MEDIUM PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS CIRCUIT RIDER 
              PROGRAM.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) (as amended by section 205) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 224. SMALL AND MEDIUM PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS CIRCUIT 
              RIDER PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Administrator shall establish a circuit rider program 
(referred to in this section as the `circuit rider program') under 
which the Administrator shall award grants to qualified nonprofit 
entities, as determined by the Administrator, to provide assistance to 
owners and operators of small and medium publicly owned treatment works 
to carry out the activities described in section 602(b)(13).
    ``(b) Limitation.--A grant provided under the circuit rider program 
shall be in an amount that is not more than $75,000.
    ``(c) Prioritization.--In selecting recipients of grants under the 
circuit rider program, the Administrator shall give priority to 
qualified nonprofit entities, as determined by the Administrator, that 
would serve a community that--
            ``(1) has a history, for not less than the 10 years prior 
        to the award of the grant, of unresolved wastewater issues, 
        stormwater issues, or a combination of wastewater and 
        stormwater issues;
            ``(2) is considered financially distressed;
            ``(3) faces the cumulative burden of stormwater and 
        wastewater overflow issues; or
            ``(4) has previously failed to access Federal technical 
        assistance due to cost-sharing requirements.
    ``(d) Communication.--Each qualified nonprofit entity that receives 
funding under this section shall, before using that funding to 
undertake activities to carry out this section, consult with the State 
in which the assistance is to be expended or otherwise made available.
    ``(e) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which the 
Administrator establishes the circuit rider program, and every 2 years 
thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report 
describing--
            ``(1) each recipient of a grant under the circuit rider 
        program; and
            ``(2) a summary of the activities carried out under the 
        circuit rider program.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $10,000,000 for the period of fiscal 
        years 2022 through 2026.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''.

SEC. 207. SMALL PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS EFFICIENCY GRANT 
              PROGRAM.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) (as amended by section 206) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 225. SMALL PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS EFFICIENCY GRANT 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Administrator shall establish an efficiency grant 
program (referred to in this section as the `efficiency grant program') 
under which the Administrator shall award grants to eligible entities 
for the replacement or repair of equipment that improves water or 
energy efficiency of small publicly owned treatment works, as 
identified in an efficiency audit.
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--The Administrator may award a grant under 
the efficiency grant program to--
            ``(1) an owner or operator of a small publicly owned 
        treatment works that serves--
                    ``(A) a population of not more than 10,000 people; 
                or
                    ``(B) a disadvantaged community; or
            ``(2) a nonprofit organization that seeks to assist a small 
        publicly owned treatment works described in paragraph (1) to 
        carry out the activities described in subsection (a).
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which the 
Administrator establishes the efficiency grant program, and every 2 
years thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report 
describing--
            ``(1) each recipient of a grant under the efficiency grant 
        program; and
            ``(2) a summary of the activities carried out under the 
        efficiency grant program.
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) Small systems.--Of the amounts made available for 
        grants under this section, to the extent that there are 
        sufficient applications, not less than 15 percent shall be used 
        for grants to publicly owned treatment works that serve fewer 
        than 3,300 people.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under this section, not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''.

SEC. 208. GRANTS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND REFURBISHING OF INDIVIDUAL 
              HOUSEHOLD DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR 
              INDIVIDUALS WITH LOW OR MODERATE INCOME.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) (as amended by section 207) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 226. GRANTS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND REFURBISHING OF INDIVIDUAL 
              HOUSEHOLD DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR 
              INDIVIDUALS WITH LOW OR MODERATE INCOME.

    ``(a) Definition of Eligible Individual.--In this section, the term 
`eligible individual' means a member of a low-income or moderate-income 
household, the members of which have a combined income (for the most 
recent 12-month period for which information is available) equal to not 
more than 50 percent of the median nonmetropolitan household income for 
the State or territory in which the household is located, according to 
the most recent decennial census.
    ``(b) Grant Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a program 
        under which the Administrator shall provide grants to private 
        nonprofit organizations for the purpose of improving general 
        welfare by providing assistance to eligible individuals--
                    ``(A) for the construction, repair, or replacement 
                of an individual household decentralized wastewater 
                treatment system; or
                    ``(B) for the installation of a larger 
                decentralized wastewater system designed to provide 
                treatment for 2 or more households in which eligible 
                individuals reside, if--
                            ``(i) site conditions at the households are 
                        unsuitable for the installation of an 
                        individually owned decentralized wastewater 
                        system;
                            ``(ii) multiple examples of unsuitable site 
                        conditions exist in close geographic proximity 
                        to each other; and
                            ``(iii) a larger decentralized wastewater 
                        system could be cost-effectively installed.
            ``(2) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this subsection, a private nonprofit organization shall submit 
        to the Administrator an application at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information as the Administrator 
        determines to be appropriate.
            ``(3) Priority.--In awarding grants under this subsection, 
        the Administrator shall give priority to applicants that have 
        substantial expertise and experience in promoting the safe and 
        effective use of individual household decentralized wastewater 
        systems.
            ``(4) Administrative expenses.--A private nonprofit 
        organization may use amounts provided under this subsection to 
        pay the administrative expenses associated with the provision 
        of the services described in paragraph (1), as the 
        Administrator determines to be appropriate.
    ``(c) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), a private 
        nonprofit organization shall use a grant provided under 
        subsection (b) for the services described in paragraph (1) of 
        that subsection.
            ``(2) Application.--To be eligible to receive the services 
        described in subsection (b)(1), an eligible individual shall 
        submit to the private nonprofit organization serving the area 
        in which the individual household decentralized wastewater 
        system of the eligible individuals is, or is proposed to be, 
        located an application at such time, in such manner, and 
        containing such information as the private nonprofit 
        organization determines to be appropriate.
            ``(3) Priority.--In awarding grants under this subsection, 
        a private nonprofit organization shall give priority to any 
        eligible individual who does not have access to a sanitary 
        sewage disposal system.
    ``(d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a 
report describing the recipients of grants under the program under this 
section and the results of the program under this section.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to the Administrator to carry out this section $50,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.''.

SEC. 209. CONNECTION TO PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS.

    Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1281 
et seq.) (as amended by section 208) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 227. CONNECTION TO PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) an owner or operator of a publicly owned 
                treatment works that assists or is seeking to assist 
                low-income or moderate-income individuals with 
                connecting the household of the individual to the 
                publicly owned treatment works; or
                    ``(B) a nonprofit entity that assists low-income or 
                moderate-income individuals with the costs associated 
                with connecting the household of the individual to a 
                publicly owned treatment works.
            ``(2) Program.--The term `program' means the competitive 
        grant program established under subsection (b).
            ``(3) Qualified individual.--The term `qualified 
        individual' has the meaning given the term `eligible 
        individual' in section 603(j).
    ``(b) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a competitive grant 
program with the purpose of improving general welfare, under which the 
Administrator awards grants to eligible entities to provide funds to 
assist qualified individuals in covering the costs incurred by the 
qualified individual in connecting the household of the qualified 
individual to a publicly owned treatment works.
    ``(c) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity seeking a grant under 
        the program shall submit to the Administrator an application at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Administrator may by regulation require.
            ``(2) Requirement.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
        on which the Administrator receives an application from an 
        eligible entity under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
        notify the eligible entity of whether the Administrator will 
        award a grant to the eligible entity under the program.
    ``(d) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients of grants under 
the program, the Administrator shall use the following criteria:
            ``(1) Whether the eligible entity seeking a grant provides 
        services to, or works directly with, qualified individuals.
            ``(2) Whether the eligible entity seeking a grant--
                    ``(A) has an existing program to assist in covering 
                the costs incurred in connecting a household to a 
                publicly owned treatment works; or
                    ``(B) seeks to create a program described in 
                subparagraph (A).
    ``(e) Requirements.--
            ``(1) Voluntary connection.--Before providing funds to a 
        qualified individual for the costs described in subsection (b), 
        an eligible entity shall ensure that--
                    ``(A) the qualified individual has connected to the 
                publicly owned treatment works voluntarily; and
                    ``(B) if the eligible entity is not the owner or 
                operator of the publicly owned treatment works to which 
                the qualified individual has connected, the publicly 
                owned treatment works to which the qualified individual 
                has connected has agreed to the connection.
            ``(2) Reimbursements from publicly owned treatment works.--
        An eligible entity that is an owner or operator of a publicly 
        owned treatment works may reimburse a qualified individual that 
        has already incurred the costs described in subsection (b) by--
                    ``(A) reducing the amount otherwise owed by the 
                qualified individual to the owner or operator for 
                wastewater or other services provided by the owner or 
                operator; or
                    ``(B) providing a direct payment to the qualified 
                individual.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out the program $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2022 through 2026.
            ``(2) Limitations on use of funds.--
                    ``(A) Small systems.--Of the amounts made available 
                for grants under paragraph (1), to the extent that 
                there are sufficient applications, not less than 15 
                percent shall be used to make grants to--
                            ``(i) eligible entities described in 
                        subsection (a)(1)(A) that are owners and 
                        operators of publicly owned treatment works 
                        that serve fewer than 3,300 people; and
                            ``(ii) eligible entities described in 
                        subsection (a)(1)(B) that provide the 
                        assistance described in that subsection in 
                        areas that are served by publicly owned 
                        treatment works that serve fewer than 3,300 
                        people.
                    ``(B) Administrative costs.--Of the amounts made 
                available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 
                2 percent may be used to pay the administrative costs 
                of the Administrator.''.

SEC. 210. CLEAN WATER STATE REVOLVING FUNDS.

    (a) Use of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Section 603 of the Federal Water Pollution 
        Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1383) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding 
                paragraph (1), by inserting ``and provided in 
                subsection (k)'' after ``State law'';
                    (B) in subsection (i)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), in the matter 
                        preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``, 
                        including forgiveness of principal and negative 
                        interest loans'' and inserting ``(including 
                        forgiveness of principal, grants, negative 
                        interest loans, other loan forgiveness, and 
                        through buying, refinancing, or restructuring 
                        debt)''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking 
                        subparagraph (B) and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Total amount of subsidization.--
                            ``(i) In general.--For each fiscal year, of 
                        the amount of the capitalization grant received 
                        by the State under this title, the total amount 
                        of additional subsidization made available by a 
                        State under paragraph (1)--
                                    ``(I) may not exceed 30 percent; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) to the extent that there are 
                                sufficient applications for assistance 
                                to communities described in that 
                                paragraph, may not be less than 10 
                                percent.
                            ``(ii) Exclusion.--A loan from the water 
                        pollution control revolving fund of a State 
                        with an interest rate equal to or greater than 
                        0 percent shall not be considered additional 
                        subsidization for purposes of this 
                        subparagraph.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Additional Use of Funds.--A State may use an additional 2 
percent of the funds annually awarded to each State under this title 
for nonprofit organizations (as defined in section 104(w)) or State, 
regional, interstate, or municipal entities to provide technical 
assistance to rural, small, and tribal publicly owned treatment works 
(within the meaning of section 104(b)(8)(B)) in the State.''.
            (2) Technical amendment.--Section 104(w) of the Federal 
        Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1254(w)) is amended by 
        striking ``treatments works'' and inserting ``treatment 
        works''.
    (b) Capitalization Grant Reauthorization.--Section 607 of the 
Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1387) is amended to read 
as follows:

``SEC. 607. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the purposes 
of this title--
            ``(1) $2,400,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            ``(2) $2,750,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(3) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
            ``(4) $3,250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 and 
        2026.''.

SEC. 211. WATER INFRASTRUCTURE AND WORKFORCE INVESTMENT.

    Section 4304 of the America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (42 
U.S.C. 300j-19e) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``Tribal,'' 
                after ``State,''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``community-
                based organizations'' and all that follows through the 
                period at the end and inserting the following: 
                ``community-based organizations and public works 
                departments or agencies to align water and wastewater 
                utility workforce recruitment efforts, training 
                programs, retention efforts, and community resources 
                with water and wastewater utilities--
                            ``(i) to accelerate career pipelines;
                            ``(ii) to ensure the sustainability of the 
                        water and wastewater utility workforce; and
                            ``(iii) to provide access to workforce 
                        opportunities.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking subparagraph (B);
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``; 
                        and'' at the end and inserting ``, which may 
                        include--''
                            (iii) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``program--'' and all that 
                        follows through ``to assist'' in subparagraph 
                        (A) and inserting ``program to assist''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(A) expanding the use and availability of 
                activities and resources that relate to the 
                recruitment, including the promotion of diversity 
                within that recruitment, of individuals to careers in 
                the water and wastewater utility sector;
                    ``(B) expanding the availability of training 
                opportunities for--
                            ``(i) individuals entering into the water 
                        and wastewater utility sector; and
                            ``(ii) individuals seeking to advance 
                        careers within the water and wastewater utility 
                        sector; and
                    ``(C) expanding the use and availability of 
                activities and strategies, including the development of 
                innovative activities and strategies, that relate to 
                the maintenance and retention of a sustainable 
                workforce in the water and wastewater utility 
                sector.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``institutions--'' and 
                        inserting ``institutions, or public works 
                        departments and agencies--''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking clauses (ii) and 
                                (iii);
                                    (II) in clause (i), by adding 
                                ``or'' at the end;
                                    (III) by redesignating clause (i) 
                                as clause (ii);
                                    (IV) by inserting before clause 
                                (ii) (as so redesignated) the 
                                following:
                            ``(i) in the development of educational or 
                        recruitment materials and activities, including 
                        those materials and activities that 
                        specifically promote diversity within 
                        recruitment, for the water and wastewater 
                        utility workforce;''; and
                                    (V) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) developing activities and 
                        strategies that relate to the maintenance and 
                        retention of a sustainable workforce in the 
                        water and wastewater utility sector; and'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by inserting 
                        ``or certification'' after ``training''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
                        ``ensure that incumbent water and waste water 
                        utilities workers'' and inserting ``are 
                        designed to retain incumbent water and 
                        wastewater utility workforce workers by 
                        ensuring that those workers''; and
                    (D) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(4) Working group; report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Administrator shall 
                establish and coordinate a Federal interagency working 
                group to address recruitment, training, and retention 
                challenges in the water and wastewater utility 
                workforce, which shall include representatives from--
                            ``(i) the Department of Education;
                            ``(ii) the Department of Labor;
                            ``(iii) the Department of Agriculture;
                            ``(iv) the Department of Veterans Affairs; 
                        and
                            ``(v) other Federal agencies, as determined 
                        to be appropriate by the Administrator.
                    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater 
                Infrastructure Act of 2021, the Administrator, in 
                coordination with the working group established under 
                subparagraph (A), shall submit to Congress a report 
                describing potential solutions to recruitment, 
                training, and retention challenges in the water and 
                wastewater utility workforce.
                    ``(C) Consultation.--In carrying out the duties of 
                the working group established under subparagraph (A), 
                the working group shall consult with State operator 
                certification programs.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.'';
            (3) by redesignating subsections (a) and (b) as subsections 
        (b) and (c), respectively; and
            (4) by inserting before subsection (b) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
    ``(a) Definition of Public Works Department or Agency.--In this 
section, the term `public works department or agency' means a political 
subdivision of a local, county, or regional government that designs, 
builds, operates, and maintains water infrastructure, sewage and refuse 
disposal systems, and other public water systems and facilities.''.

SEC. 212. GRANTS TO ALASKA TO IMPROVE SANITATION IN RURAL AND NATIVE 
              VILLAGES.

    Section 303 of the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996 (33 
U.S.C. 1263a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``50 percent'' and 
        inserting ``75 percent''; and
            (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``this section'' and all 
        that follows through the period at the end and inserting the 
        following: ``this section--
            ``(1) $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2024;
            ``(2) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
            ``(3) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.''.

SEC. 213. WATER DATA SHARING PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a competitive 
        grant pilot program (referred to in this section as the ``pilot 
        program'') under which the Administrator may award grants to 
        eligible entities under subsection (b) to establish systems 
        that improve the sharing of information concerning water 
        quality, water infrastructure needs, and water technology, 
        including cybersecurity technology, between States or among 
        counties and other units of local government within a State, 
        which may include--
                    (A) establishing a website or data hub to exchange 
                water data, including data on water quality or water 
                technology, including new and emerging, but proven, 
                water technology; and
                    (B) intercounty communications initiatives related 
                to water data.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) Data sharing.--The Internet of Water principles 
                developed by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental 
                Policy Solutions shall, to the extent practicable, 
                guide any water data sharing efforts under the pilot 
                program.
                    (B) Use of existing data.--The recipient of a grant 
                under the pilot program to establish a website or data 
                hub described in paragraph (1)(A) shall, to the extent 
                practicable, leverage existing data sharing 
                infrastructure.
    (b) Eligible Entities.--An entity eligible for a grant under the 
pilot program is--
            (1) a State, county, or other unit of local government 
        that--
                    (A) has a coastal watershed with significant 
                pollution levels;
                    (B) has a water system with significant pollution 
                levels; or
                    (C) has significant individual water infrastructure 
                deficits; or
            (2) a regional consortium established under subsection (d).
    (c) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
pilot program, an eligible entity under subsection (b) shall submit to 
the Administrator an application at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Administrator may require.
    (d) Regional Consortia.--
            (1) Establishment.--States may establish regional consortia 
        in accordance with this subsection.
            (2) Requirements.--A regional consortium established under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) include not fewer than 2 States that have 
                entered into a memorandum of understanding--
                            (i) to exchange water data, including data 
                        on water quality; or
                            (ii) to share information, protocols, and 
                        procedures with respect to projects that 
                        evaluate, demonstrate, or install new and 
                        emerging, but proven, water technology;
                    (B) carry out projects--
                            (i) to exchange water data, including data 
                        on water quality; or
                            (ii) that evaluate, demonstrate, or install 
                        new and emerging, but proven, water technology; 
                        and
                    (C) develop a regional intended use plan, in 
                accordance with paragraph (3), to identify projects to 
                carry out, including projects using grants received 
                under this section.
            (3) Regional intended use plan.--A regional intended use 
        plan of a regional consortium established under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) shall identify projects that the regional 
                consortium intends to carry out, including projects 
                that meet the requirements of paragraph (2)(B); and
                    (B) may include--
                            (i) projects included in an intended use 
                        plan of a State prepared under section 606(c) 
                        of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                        U.S.C. 1386(c)) within the regional consortium; 
                        and
                            (ii) projects not included in an intended 
                        use plan of a State prepared under section 
                        606(c) of the Federal Water Pollution Control 
                        Act (33 U.S.C. 1386(c)) within the regional 
                        consortium.
    (e) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that 
describes the implementation of the pilot program, which shall 
include--
            (1) a description of the use and deployment of amounts made 
        available under the pilot program; and
            (2) an accounting of all grants awarded under the program, 
        including a description of each grant recipient and each 
        project funded using a grant under the pilot program.
    (f) Funding.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the pilot program $15,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, to remain available 
        until expended.
            (2) Requirement.--Of the funds made available under 
        paragraph (1), not more than 35 percent may be used to provide 
        grants to regional consortia established under subsection (d).

SEC. 214. FINAL RATING OPINION LETTERS.

    Section 5028(a)(1)(D)(ii) of the Water Infrastructure Finance and 
Innovation Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 3907(a)(1)(D)(ii)) is amended by 
striking ``final rating opinion letters from at least 2 rating 
agencies'' and inserting ``a final rating opinion letter from at least 
1 rating agency''.

SEC. 215. WATER INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING REAUTHORIZATION.

    (a) In General.--Section 5033 of the Water Infrastructure Finance 
and Innovation Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 3912) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Fiscal years 2022 through 2026.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this 
        subtitle $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2026, to remain available until expended.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``2020 
                and 2021'' and inserting ``after 2019''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2020 and 2021'' and inserting 
                ``2022 through 2026''; and
            (3) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``2020 and 2021'' and 
        inserting ``2022 through 2026''.
    (b) Outreach Plan.--The Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation 
Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 5036. OUTREACH PLAN.

    ``(a) Definition of Rural Community.--In this section, the term 
`rural community' means a city, town, or unincorporated area that has a 
population of not more than 10,000 inhabitants.
    ``(b) Outreach Required.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Administrator, in consultation with 
relevant Federal agencies, shall develop and begin implementation of an 
outreach plan to promote financial assistance available under this 
subtitle to small communities and rural communities.''.

SEC. 216. SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITY ANALYSIS.

    (a) Analysis.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, using environmental justice data of the Environmental 
Protection Agency, including data from the environmental justice 
mapping and screening tool of the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
Administrator shall carry out an analysis under which the Administrator 
shall assess the programs under title VI of the Federal Water Pollution 
Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.) and section 1452 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12) to identify historical 
distributions of funds to small and disadvantaged communities and new 
opportunities and methods to improve on the distribution of funds under 
those programs to low-income communities, rural communities, minority 
communities, and communities of indigenous peoples, in accordance with 
Executive Order 12898 (42 U.S.C. 4321 note; 60 Fed. Reg. 6381; relating 
to Federal actions to address environmental justice in minority 
populations and low-income populations).
    (b) Requirement.--The analysis under subsection (a) shall include 
an analysis, to the extent practicable, of communities in the United 
States that do not have access to drinking water or wastewater 
services.
    (c) Report.--On completion of the analysis under subsection (a), 
the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate and the Committees on Energy and Commerce 
and Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a 
report describing--
            (1) the results of the analysis; and
            (2) the criteria the Administrator used in carrying out the 
        analysis.

SEC. 217. STORMWATER INFRASTRUCTURE TECHNOLOGY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Center.--The term ``center'' means a center of 
        excellence for stormwater control infrastructure established 
        under subsection (b)(1).
            (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a State, Tribal, or local government; or
                    (B) a local, regional, or other public entity that 
                manages stormwater or wastewater resources or other 
                related water infrastructure.
            (3) Eligible institution.--The term ``eligible 
        institution'' means an institution of higher education, a 
        research institution, or a nonprofit organization--
                    (A) that has demonstrated excellence in researching 
                and developing new and emerging stormwater control 
                infrastructure technologies; and
                    (B) with respect to a nonprofit organization, the 
                core mission of which includes water management, as 
                determined by the Administrator.
    (b) Centers of Excellence for Stormwater Control Infrastructure 
Technologies.--
            (1) Establishment of centers.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, the Administrator shall provide grants, 
                on a competitive basis, to eligible institutions to 
                establish and maintain not less than 3, and not more 
                than 5, centers of excellence for new and emerging 
                stormwater control infrastructure technologies, to be 
                located in various regions throughout the United 
                States.
                    (B) General operation.--Each center shall--
                            (i) conduct research on new and emerging 
                        stormwater control infrastructure technologies 
                        that are relevant to the geographical region in 
                        which the center is located, including 
                        stormwater and sewer overflow reduction, other 
                        approaches to water resource enhancement, 
                        alternative funding approaches, and other 
                        environmental, economic, and social benefits, 
                        with the goal of improving the effectiveness, 
                        cost efficiency, and protection of public 
                        safety and water quality;
                            (ii) maintain a listing of--
                                    (I) stormwater control 
                                infrastructure needs; and
                                    (II) an analysis of new and 
                                emerging stormwater control 
                                infrastructure technologies that are 
                                available;
                            (iii) analyze whether additional financial 
                        programs for the implementation of new and 
                        emerging, but proven, stormwater control 
                        infrastructure technologies would be useful;
                            (iv) provide information regarding research 
                        conducted under clause (i) to the national 
                        electronic clearinghouse center for publication 
                        on the Internet website established under 
                        paragraph (3)(B)(i) to provide to the Federal 
                        Government and State, Tribal, and local 
                        governments and the private sector information 
                        regarding new and emerging, but proven, 
                        stormwater control infrastructure technologies;
                            (v) provide technical assistance to State, 
                        Tribal, and local governments to assist with 
                        the design, construction, operation, and 
                        maintenance of stormwater control 
                        infrastructure projects that use innovative 
                        technologies;
                            (vi) collaborate with institutions of 
                        higher education and private and public 
                        organizations, including community-based 
                        public-private partnerships and other 
                        stakeholders, in the geographical region in 
                        which the center is located; and
                            (vii) coordinate with the other centers to 
                        avoid duplication of efforts.
            (2) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this subsection, an eligible institution shall prepare and 
        submit to the Administrator an application at such time, in 
        such form, and containing such information as the Administrator 
        may require.
            (3) National electronic clearinghouse center.--Of the 
        centers established under paragraph (1)(A), 1 shall--
                    (A) be designated as the ``national electronic 
                clearinghouse center''; and
                    (B) in addition to the other functions of that 
                center--
                            (i) develop, operate, and maintain an 
                        Internet website and a public database that 
                        contains information relating to new and 
                        emerging, but proven, stormwater control 
                        infrastructure technologies; and
                            (ii) post to the website information from 
                        all centers.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
                    (B) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts 
                made available for grants under subparagraph (A), not 
                more than 2 percent may be used to pay the 
                administrative costs of the Administrator.
    (c) Stormwater Control Infrastructure Project Grants.--
            (1) Grant authority.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Administrator shall provide grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to eligible entities to carry out stormwater 
        control infrastructure projects that incorporate new and 
        emerging, but proven, stormwater control technologies in 
        accordance with this subsection.
            (2) Stormwater control infrastructure projects.--
                    (A) Planning and development grants.--The 
                Administrator may make planning and development grants 
                under this subsection for the following projects:
                            (i) Planning and designing stormwater 
                        control infrastructure projects that 
                        incorporate new and emerging, but proven, 
                        stormwater control technologies, including 
                        engineering surveys, landscape plans, maps, 
                        long-term operations and maintenance plans, and 
                        implementation plans.
                            (ii) Identifying and developing standards 
                        necessary to accommodate stormwater control 
                        infrastructure projects, including those 
                        projects that incorporate new and emerging, but 
                        proven, stormwater control technologies.
                            (iii) Identifying and developing fee 
                        structures to provide financial support for 
                        design, installation, and operations and 
                        maintenance of stormwater control 
                        infrastructure, including new and emerging, but 
                        proven, stormwater control infrastructure 
                        technologies.
                            (iv) Developing approaches for community-
                        based public-private partnerships for the 
                        financing and construction of stormwater 
                        control infrastructure technologies, including 
                        feasibility studies, stakeholder outreach, and 
                        needs assessments.
                            (v) Developing and delivering training and 
                        educational materials regarding new and 
                        emerging, but proven, stormwater control 
                        infrastructure technologies for distribution 
                        to--
                                    (I) individuals and entities with 
                                applicable technical knowledge; and
                                    (II) the public.
                    (B) Implementation grants.--The Administrator may 
                make implementation grants under this subsection for 
                the following projects:
                            (i) Installing new and emerging, but 
                        proven, stormwater control infrastructure 
                        technologies.
                            (ii) Protecting or restoring interconnected 
                        networks of natural areas that protect water 
                        quality.
                            (iii) Monitoring and evaluating the 
                        environmental, economic, or social benefits of 
                        stormwater control infrastructure technologies 
                        that incorporate new and emerging, but proven, 
                        stormwater control technology.
                            (iv) Implementing a best practices standard 
                        for stormwater control infrastructure programs.
            (3) Application.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        section, to be eligible to receive a grant under this 
        subsection, an eligible entity shall prepare and submit to the 
        Administrator an application at such time, in such form, and 
        containing such information as the Administrator may require, 
        including, as applicable--
                    (A) a description of the stormwater control 
                infrastructure project that incorporates new and 
                emerging, but proven, technologies;
                    (B) a plan for monitoring the impacts and pollutant 
                load reductions associated with the stormwater control 
                infrastructure project on the water quality and 
                quantity;
                    (C) an evaluation of other environmental, economic, 
                and social benefits of the stormwater control 
                infrastructure project; and
                    (D) a plan for the long-term operation and 
                maintenance of the stormwater control infrastructure 
                project and a tracking system, such as asset management 
                practices.
            (4) Priority.--In making grants under this subsection, the 
        Administrator shall give priority to applications submitted on 
        behalf of--
                    (A) a community that--
                            (i) has municipal combined storm and 
                        sanitary sewers in the collection system of the 
                        community; or
                            (ii) is a small, rural, or disadvantaged 
                        community, as determined by the Administrator; 
                        or
                    (B) an eligible entity that will use not less than 
                15 percent of the grant to provide service to a small, 
                rural, or disadvantaged community, as determined by the 
                Administrator.
            (5) Maximum amounts.--
                    (A) Planning and development grants.--
                            (i) Single grant.--The amount of a single 
                        planning and development grant provided under 
                        this subsection shall be not more than 
                        $200,000.
                            (ii) Aggregate amount.--The total amount of 
                        all planning and development grants provided 
                        under this subsection for a fiscal year shall 
                        be not more than \1/3\ of the total amount made 
                        available to carry out this subsection.
                    (B) Implementation grants.--
                            (i) Single grant.--The amount of a single 
                        implementation grant provided under this 
                        subsection shall be not more than $2,000,000.
                            (ii) Aggregate amount.--The total amount of 
                        all implementation grants provided under this 
                        subsection for a fiscal year shall be not more 
                        than \2/3\ of the total amount made available 
                        to carry out this subsection.
            (6) Federal share.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (C), the Federal share of a grant provided under this 
                subsection shall not exceed 80 percent of the total 
                project cost.
                    (B) Credit for implementation grants.--The 
                Administrator shall credit toward the non-Federal share 
                of the cost of an implementation project carried out 
                under this subsection the cost of planning, design, and 
                construction work completed for the project using funds 
                other than funds provided under this section.
                    (C) Exception.--The Administrator may waive the 
                Federal share limitation under subparagraph (A) for an 
                eligible entity that has adequately demonstrated 
                financial need.
    (d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 2 years after the date on 
which the Administrator first awards a grant under this section, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that includes, with 
respect to the period covered by the report--
            (1) a description of all grants provided under this 
        section;
            (2) a detailed description of--
                    (A) the projects supported by those grants; and
                    (B) the outcomes of those projects;
            (3) a description of the improvements in technology, 
        environmental benefits, resources conserved, efficiencies, and 
        other benefits of the projects funded under this section;
            (4) recommendations for improvements to promote and support 
        new and emerging, but proven, stormwater control 
        infrastructure, including research into new and emerging 
        technologies, for the centers, grants, and activities under 
        this section; and
            (5) a description of existing challenges concerning the use 
        of new and emerging, but proven, stormwater control 
        infrastructure.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this section (except for subsection (b)) $10,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
            (2) Limitation on use of funds.--Of the amounts made 
        available for grants under paragraph (1), not more than 2 
        percent may be used to pay the administrative costs of the 
        Administrator.

SEC. 218. WATER REUSE INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish a Water Reuse 
Interagency Working Group (referred to in this section as the ``Working 
Group'').
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Working Group is to develop and 
coordinate actions, tools, and resources to advance water reuse across 
the United States, including through the implementation of the February 
2020 National Water Reuse Action Plan, which creates opportunities for 
water reuse in the mission areas of each of the Federal agencies 
included in the Working Group under subsection (c) (referred to in this 
section as the ``Action Plan'').
    (c) Chairperson; Membership.--The Working Group shall be--
            (1) chaired by the Administrator; and
            (2) comprised of senior representatives from such Federal 
        agencies as the Administrator determines to be appropriate.
    (d) Duties of the Working Group.--In carrying out this section, the 
Working Group shall--
            (1) with respect to water reuse, leverage the expertise of 
        industry, the research community, nongovernmental 
        organizations, and government;
            (2) seek to foster water reuse as an important component of 
        integrated water resources management;
            (3) conduct an assessment of new opportunities to advance 
        water reuse and annually update the Action Plan with new 
        actions, as necessary, to pursue those opportunities;
            (4) seek to coordinate Federal programs and policies to 
        support the adoption of water reuse;
            (5) consider how each Federal agency can explore and 
        identify opportunities to support water reuse through the 
        programs and activities of that Federal agency; and
            (6) consult, on a regular basis, with representatives of 
        relevant industries, the research community, and 
        nongovernmental organizations.
    (e) Report.--Not less frequently than once every 2 years, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report on the activities and 
findings of the Working Group.
    (f) Sunset.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Working 
        Group shall terminate on the date that is 6 years after the 
        date of enactment of this Act.
            (2) Extension.--The Administrator may extend the date of 
        termination of the Working Group under paragraph (1).

SEC. 219. ADVANCED CLEAN WATER TECHNOLOGIES STUDY.

    (a) In General.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, not 
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator shall carry out a study that examines the state of 
existing and potential future technology, including technology that 
could address cybersecurity vulnerabilities, that enhances or could 
enhance the treatment, monitoring, affordability, efficiency, and 
safety of wastewater services provided by a treatment works (as defined 
in section 212 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
1292)).
    (b) Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report that describes 
the results of the study under subsection (a).

SEC. 220. CLEAN WATERSHEDS NEEDS SURVEY.

    Title VI of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1381 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 609. CLEAN WATERSHEDS NEEDS SURVEY.

    ``(a) Requirement.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of the Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act of 
2021, and not less frequently than once every 4 years thereafter, the 
Administrator shall--
            ``(1) conduct and complete an assessment of capital 
        improvement needs for all projects that are eligible under 
        section 603(c) for assistance from State water pollution 
        control revolving funds; and
            ``(2) submit to Congress a report describing the results of 
        the assessment completed under paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the initial needs survey under subsection (a) 
$5,000,000, to remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 221. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH ACT AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Clarification of Research Activities.--Section 104(b)(1) of the 
Water Resources Research Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10303(b)(1)) is 
amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking ``water-related 
        phenomena'' and inserting ``water resources''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''.
    (b) Compliance Report.--Section 104 of the Water Resources Research 
Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10303) is amended by striking subsection (c) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(c) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--From the sums appropriated pursuant to 
        subsection (f), the Secretary shall make grants to each 
        institute to be matched on a basis of no less than 1 non-
        Federal dollar for every 1 Federal dollar.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than December 31 of each fiscal 
        year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Environment and Public Works of the Senate, the Committee on 
        the Budget of the Senate, the Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, and the 
        Committee on the Budget of the House of Representatives a 
        report regarding the compliance of each funding recipient with 
        this subsection for the immediately preceding fiscal year.''.
    (c) Evaluation of Water Resources Research Program.--Section 104 of 
the Water Resources Research Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10303) is amended 
by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Evaluation of Water Resources Research Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a careful 
        and detailed evaluation of each institute at least once every 5 
        years to determine--
                    ``(A) the quality and relevance of the water 
                resources research of the institute;
                    ``(B) the effectiveness of the institute at 
                producing measured results and applied water supply 
                research; and
                    ``(C) whether the effectiveness of the institute as 
                an institution for planning, conducting, and arranging 
                for research warrants continued support under this 
                section.
            ``(2) Prohibition on further support.--If, as a result of 
        an evaluation under paragraph (1), the Secretary determines 
        that an institute does not qualify for further support under 
        this section, no further grants to the institute may be 
        provided until the qualifications of the institute are 
        reestablished to the satisfaction of the Secretary.''.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 104(f)(1) of the 
Water Resources Research Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10303(f)(1)) is amended 
by striking ``fiscal years 2007 through 2011'' and inserting ``fiscal 
years 2022 through 2025''.
    (e) Additional Appropriations Where Research Focused on Water 
Problems of Interstate Nature.--Section 104(g)(1) of the Water 
Resources Research Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10303(g)(1)) is amended in 
the first sentence by striking ``$6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2007 through 2011'' and inserting ``$3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2022 through 2025''.

SEC. 222. ENHANCED AQUIFER USE AND RECHARGE.

    Title I of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 124. ENHANCED AQUIFER USE AND RECHARGE.

    ``(a) In General.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, 
the Administrator shall provide funding to carry out groundwater 
research on enhanced aquifer use and recharge in support of sole-source 
aquifers, of which--
            ``(1) not less than 50 percent shall be used to provide 1 
        grant to a State, unit of local government, or Indian Tribe to 
        carry out activities that would directly support that research; 
        and
            ``(2) the remainder shall be provided to 1 appropriate 
        research center.
    ``(b) Coordination.--As a condition of accepting funds under 
subsection (a), the State, unit of local government, or Indian Tribe 
and the appropriate research center that receive funds under that 
subsection shall establish a formal research relationship for the 
purpose of coordinating efforts under this section.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this section $5,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.''.

            Passed the Senate April 29, 2021.

            Attest:

                                                             Secretary.
117th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                 S. 914

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

 To amend the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Federal Water Pollution 
  Control Act to reauthorize programs under those Acts, and for other 
                               purposes.