117 S597 IS: End Racial and Religious Profiling Act of 2021 U.S. Senate 2021-03-04 text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
II117th CONGRESS1st SessionS. 597IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATESMarch 4, 2021Mr. Cardin (for himself, Mr. Whitehouse, Mrs. Feinstein, Ms. Cantwell, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Booker, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Warren, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Sanders, Ms. Smith, Ms. Hirono, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Markey, Mr. Brown, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Menendez, Ms. Duckworth, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mr. Luján, Mr. Merkley, Ms. Stabenow, and Mr. Padilla) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the JudiciaryA BILLTo eliminate racial, religious, and other discriminatory profiling by law enforcement, and for other purposes.
1.
Short title; table of contents
(a)
Short title
This Act may be cited as the End Racial and Religious Profiling Act of 2021 or ERRPA.(b)
Table of contents
The table of contents of this Act is as follows:Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.Sec. 2. Definitions.Title I—Prohibition of Racial ProfilingSec. 101. Prohibition.Sec. 102. Enforcement.Title II—Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By Federal Law Enforcement AgenciesSec. 201. Policies to eliminate racial profiling.Title III—Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By State, Local, and Indian Tribal Law Enforcement AgenciesSec. 301. Policies required for grants.Sec. 302. Involvement of Attorney General.Sec. 303. Data collection demonstration project.Sec. 304. Best practices development grants.Sec. 305. Authorization of appropriations.Title IV—Data CollectionSec. 401. Attorney General to issue regulations.Sec. 402. Publication of data.Sec. 403. Limitations on publication of data.Title V—Department of Justice Regulations and Reports on Racial Profiling in the United StatesSec. 501. Attorney General to issue regulations and reports.Title VI—Miscellaneous ProvisionsSec. 601. Severability.Sec. 602. Savings clause.
2.
Definitions
In this Act:(1)
Covered program
The term covered program means any program or activity funded in whole or in part with funds made available under—(A)the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program under part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10150 et seq.); and(B)the Cops on the Beat program under part Q of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10381 et seq.), except that no program, project, or other activity specified in section 1701(b)(13) of such part shall be a covered program under this paragraph.(2)
Governmental body
The term governmental body means any department, agency, special purpose district, or other instrumentality of Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal government.(3)
Hit rate
The term hit rate means the percentage of stops and searches in which a law enforcement officer finds drugs, a gun, or something else that leads to an arrest. The hit rate is calculated by dividing the total number of searches by the number of searches that yield contraband. The hit rate is complementary to the rate of false stops.(4)
Indian tribe
The term Indian tribe has the meaning given the term in section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 5130).(5)
Law enforcement agency
The term law enforcement agency means any Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal public agency engaged in the prevention, detection, or investigation of violations of criminal, immigration, or customs laws.(6)
Law enforcement agent
The term law enforcement agent means any Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal official responsible for enforcing criminal, immigration, or customs laws, including police officers and other agents of a law enforcement agency.(7)
Racial profiling
The term racial profiling means the practice of a law enforcement agent or agency relying, to any degree, on actual or perceived race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, gender, gender identity, or sexual orientation in selecting which individual to subject to routine or spontaneous investigatory activities or in deciding upon the scope and substance of law enforcement activity following the initial investigatory procedure, except when there is trustworthy information, relevant to the locality and timeframe, that links a person with a particular characteristic described in this paragraph to an identified criminal incident or scheme.(8)
Routine or spontaneous investigatory activities
The term routine or spontaneous investigatory activities means the following activities by a law enforcement agent:(A)Interviews.(B)Traffic stops.(C)Pedestrian stops.(D)Frisks and other types of body searches.(E)Consensual or nonconsensual searches of the persons, property, or possessions (including vehicles) of individuals using any form of public or private transportation, including motorists and pedestrians.(F)Data collection and analysis, assessments, and predicated investigations.(G)Inspections and interviews of entrants into the United States that are more extensive than those customarily carried out.(H)Immigration-related workplace investigations.(I)Such other types of law enforcement encounters compiled for or by the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics.(9)
Reasonable request
The term reasonable request means all requests for information, except for those that—(A)are immaterial to the investigation;(B)would result in the unnecessary disclosure of personal information; or(C)would place a severe burden on the resources of the law enforcement agency given its size.(10)
State
The term State means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or possession of the United States.(11)
Unit of local government
The term unit of local government means—(A)any city, county, township, town, borough, parish, village, or other general purpose political subdivision of a State;(B)any law enforcement district or judicial enforcement district that—(i)is established under applicable State law; and(ii)has the authority to, in a manner independent of other State entities, establish a budget and impose taxes; or(C)any Indian tribe that performs law enforcement functions, as determined by the Secretary of the Interior.
<enum>I</enum><header>Prohibition of Racial Profiling</header><section id="H84C0187FE5804905B508871E3D57705F"><enum>101.</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No law enforcement agent or law enforcement agency shall engage in racial profiling.</text></section><section id="H7D4A84D8851C40EEAF1E0F3B4652B987"><enum>102.</enum><header>Enforcement</header><subsection id="H46C17A92F8A046019D3B7DE6920D37C6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Remedy</header><text>The United States, or an individual injured by racial profiling, may enforce this title in a civil action for declaratory or injunctive relief, filed either in a State court of general jurisdiction or in a district court of the United States.</text></subsection><subsection id="HAA5AD8DEDBC44F9787672FD9415E00E9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Parties</header><text>In any action brought under this title, relief may be obtained against—</text><paragraph id="H0506810B221144FFA44C0BF15F53DA28"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any governmental body that employed any law enforcement agent who engaged in racial profiling;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HDF52E61DE7B842E19140A9E3BF5C67BF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any agent of such body who engaged in racial profiling; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H458E99BFE0574672AA48284E3D2930B4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>any person with supervisory authority over such agent.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB9A04E8B46B24B63A05261708894EFA5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Nature of proof</header><text>Proof that the routine or spontaneous investigatory activities of law enforcement agents in a jurisdiction have had a disparate impact on individuals with a particular characteristic described in section 2(7) shall constitute prima facie evidence of a violation of this title.</text></subsection><subsection id="HD256EE61F8EC444CB8E14F477041E7DB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Attorney’s fees</header><text>In any action or proceeding to enforce this title against any governmental body, the court may allow a prevailing plaintiff, other than the United States, reasonable attorney’s fees as part of the costs, and may include expert fees as part of the attorney’s fee.</text></subsection></section><enum>II</enum><header>Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By Federal Law Enforcement Agencies</header><section id="H3088BDF68462498987255F508F150513"><enum>201.</enum><header>Policies to eliminate racial profiling</header><subsection id="H7A419D059FFA497BB21CE43CC4487079"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Federal law enforcement agencies shall—</text><paragraph id="H355CA6015356465EACA9C875B7499A55"><enum>(1)</enum><text>maintain adequate policies and procedures designed to eliminate racial profiling; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H418AB091C7854B5F820E24C5A8122635"><enum>(2)</enum><text>cease existing practices that permit racial profiling.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H29A4B8645132425B9EB6BAF9BB310335"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policies</header><text>The policies and procedures described in <internal-xref idref="H355CA6015356465EACA9C875B7499A55" legis-path="201.(a)(1)">subsection (a)(1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text><paragraph id="H89DFB1BF2E8E46DCBFDC0F741E2FAEBA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a prohibition on racial profiling;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H15777CB1ACC14B89AC7FACDA6D58C2F5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training on racial profiling issues as part of Federal law enforcement training;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HE672338B584747B4AFDB4D1460815DB0"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the collection of data in accordance with the regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 401;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H32B4E88DD8094609AE136B7664E3FA76"><enum>(4)</enum><text>procedures for receiving, investigating, and responding meaningfully to complaints alleging racial profiling by law enforcement agents; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H28563F94C11B4D9B99BB5223276564CD"><enum>(5)</enum><text>any other policies and procedures the Attorney General determines to be necessary to eliminate racial profiling by Federal law enforcement agencies.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>III</enum><header>Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By State, Local, and Indian Tribal Law Enforcement Agencies</header><section id="H8FCB3EC9AA104FCEB73CA4A1E065D8F6"><enum>301.</enum><header>Policies required for grants</header><subsection id="H67F50391B13044408988CCE5A95D76AF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An application by a State, a unit of local government, or a State, local, or Indian tribal law enforcement agency for funding under a covered program shall include a certification that such State, unit of local government, or law enforcement agency, and any law enforcement agency to which it will distribute funds—</text><paragraph id="HB71FDF4232AD4FE4909F89B84AE95C8C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>maintains adequate policies and procedures designed to eliminate racial profiling; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H24B232D9D77B42B18D3B0CD47C373255"><enum>(2)</enum><text>has eliminated any existing practices that permit or encourage racial profiling.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0702CF09DBA241D1A34DE9047ABB3BA5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policies</header><text>The policies and procedures described in <internal-xref idref="HB71FDF4232AD4FE4909F89B84AE95C8C" legis-path="301.(a)(1)">subsection (a)(1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text><paragraph id="H23745742FFBF481F9222821C02BD6E0F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a prohibition on racial profiling;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HEC0EC3CE310A45D6AB825037E0280ED9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training on racial profiling issues as part of law enforcement training;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H0A54A58098524B8DBDEB434FF136C0CB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the collection of data in accordance with the regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 401; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HD4952642452E44B0A35181199004DD43"><enum>(4)</enum><text>participation in an administrative complaint procedure or independent audit program that meets the requirements of <internal-xref idref="H35519E48C1554D57A13A758B226AED63" legis-path="302.">section 302</internal-xref>.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBB7F8AF095D642569A51ADFA7247075A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>This section shall take effect 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section><section id="H35519E48C1554D57A13A758B226AED63"><enum>302.</enum><header>Involvement of Attorney General</header><subsection id="H7E234435599940B0B2DB271296EAFC6A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header><paragraph id="HC6E61E430A8E4C5098D8ED3203E33A28"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act and in consultation with stakeholders, including Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and community, professional, research, and civil rights organizations, the Attorney General shall issue regulations for the operation of administrative complaint procedures and independent audit programs to ensure that such programs and procedures provide an appropriate response to allegations of racial profiling by law enforcement agents or agencies.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4CFEE394BCDD44249CDBAFFE18608585"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="HC6E61E430A8E4C5098D8ED3203E33A28" legis-path="302.(a)(1)">paragraph (1)</internal-xref> shall contain guidelines that ensure the fairness, effectiveness, and independence of the administrative complaint procedures and independent auditor programs.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H026FA1BE3B5A4179B1D44F70F7D97284"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Noncompliance</header><text>If the Attorney General determines that the recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in compliance with the requirements of <internal-xref idref="H8FCB3EC9AA104FCEB73CA4A1E065D8F6" legis-path="301.">section 301</internal-xref> or the regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="H7E234435599940B0B2DB271296EAFC6A" legis-path="302.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref>, the Attorney General shall withhold, in whole or in part (at the discretion of the Attorney General), funds for one or more grants to the recipient under the covered program, until the recipient establishes compliance.</text></subsection><subsection id="H2FFDF0E314BC4E48BBFF20D9A06555A1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Private parties</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General shall provide notice and an opportunity for private parties to present evidence to the Attorney General that a recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in compliance with the requirements of this title.</text></subsection></section><section id="H199DDA6C19214704BFA6A2C9420A428A"><enum>303.</enum><header>Data collection demonstration project</header><subsection id="H237ED49E18B948E0BF994A8DEB53C802"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Competitive awards</header><paragraph id="H4193C1D68727496A8303EE68F3F4B339"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General may, through competitive grants or contracts, carry out a 2-year demonstration project for the purpose of developing and implementing data collection programs on the hit rates for stops and searches by law enforcement agencies. The data collected shall be disaggregated by race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, and religion.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H63EADB4612094371B8EC7F2734984391"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Number of grants</header><text>The Attorney General shall provide not more than 5 grants or contracts under this section.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H28AA9F720C3D479BB55DBE8A9DBCEAA4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Eligible grantees</header><text>Grants or contracts under this section shall be awarded to law enforcement agencies that serve communities where there is a significant concentration of racial or ethnic minorities and that are not already collecting data voluntarily.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7D517B2494A04ED9890FF30D8EF438FE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Required activities</header><text>Activities carried out with a grant under this section shall include—</text><paragraph id="HF04AF02C6E1A44F5BF2A8E26C9874A21"><enum>(1)</enum><text>developing a data collection tool and reporting the compiled data to the Attorney General; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HBFC5B21409CD4C0A867E4FA03A19B72B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training of law enforcement personnel on data collection, particularly for data collection on hit rates for stops and searches.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H62ACFDA956794AAA85718CF92A3B398E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text>Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall enter into a contract with an institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1001">20 U.S.C. 1001</external-xref>)) to analyze the data collected by each of the grantees funded under this section.</text></subsection><subsection id="H81E2D3C5320E48A4ABFE006A520C32B7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out activities under this section—</text><paragraph id="HCA00D1834B2340FA9E35D70A5E9A3C65"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$5,000,000, over a 2-year period, to carry out the demonstration program under <internal-xref idref="H237ED49E18B948E0BF994A8DEB53C802" legis-path="303.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H38318938AB95468C80C3D6E56B76E464"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$500,000 to carry out the evaluation under <internal-xref idref="H62ACFDA956794AAA85718CF92A3B398E" legis-path="303.(c)">subsection (c)</internal-xref>.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCF235B0BF9D94133A1EAC602BA5A8631"><enum>304.</enum><header>Best practices development grants</header><subsection id="H360AC16346C9444B8B582CBABD865ABE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Grant authorization</header><text>The Attorney General, through the Bureau of Justice Assistance, may make grants to States, local law enforcement agencies, and units of local government to develop and implement best practice devices and systems to eliminate racial profiling.</text></subsection><subsection id="H236E1E2347034CC9B941DFE568572495"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Use of funds</header><text>The funds provided under <internal-xref idref="H360AC16346C9444B8B582CBABD865ABE" legis-path="304.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref> shall be used for programs that include the following purposes:</text><paragraph id="HD32A9B053F3047DA869F34D88B41FB26"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The development and implementation of training to prevent racial profiling and to encourage more respectful interaction with the public.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H58A9CF5AEFDA4BA5BA47663DB56E2971"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The acquisition and use of technology to facilitate the accurate collection and analysis of data.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H692B86D5E8A141C3B95073888CF5812E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The development and acquisition of feedback systems and technologies that identify officers or units of officers engaged in, or at risk of engaging in, racial profiling or other misconduct.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HA681C9C984454DCB8FE76B7C3A08D27F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The establishment and maintenance of an administrative complaint procedure or independent auditor program.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3C97B6D8AC3840848F27A3A9E757193F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Equitable distribution</header><text>The Attorney General shall ensure that grants under this section are awarded in a manner that reserves an equitable share of funding for small and rural law enforcement agencies.</text></subsection><subsection id="HA0AACC6E1E7449E0B4C5BBD6E899B46B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Application</header><text>Each State, local law enforcement agency, or unit of local government desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.</text></subsection></section><section id="HCDBFB37EB58A4637B065635200665144"><enum>305.</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this title.</text></section><enum>IV</enum><header>Data Collection</header><section id="HB6441D17274D464CA4E61899604B8D33"><enum>401.</enum><header>Attorney General to issue regulations</header><subsection id="H89065138D1B84649AF71C8C9B68916CE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with stakeholders, including Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies and community, professional, research, and civil rights organizations, shall issue regulations for the collection and compilation of data under sections 201 and 301.</text></subsection><subsection id="H74D7D3E213364FB38A72EBCE87510AB3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>The regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="H89065138D1B84649AF71C8C9B68916CE" legis-path="401.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref> shall—</text><paragraph id="H84DE3E80D4254BB88C9D0E65720AFD55"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide for the collection of data on all routine or spontaneous investigatory activities;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HEF095D8EB3F04E2FB2203ED84CC2DDC7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide that the data collected shall—</text><subparagraph id="HE430D3C9A267410084DB6193943F6D3A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>be collected by race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, and religion, as perceived by the law enforcement officer;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4A6A23535D89405BAD484A57645D5A2E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>include the date, time, and location of such investigatory activities;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A56DC239E504994B3F4A70AD2CFDF15"><enum>(C)</enum><text>include detail sufficient to permit an analysis of whether a law enforcement agency is engaging in racial profiling; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE95DDF0477894D0B9C367BDCEC258237"><enum>(D)</enum><text>not include personally identifiable information;</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6C329B75952143AFB5E0302E520F591F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide that a standardized form shall be made available to law enforcement agencies for the submission of collected data to the Department of Justice;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HB700976CFFCB4B859DD890A728443EBA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>provide that law enforcement agencies shall compile data on the standardized form made available under <internal-xref idref="H6C329B75952143AFB5E0302E520F591F" legis-path="401.(b)(3)">paragraph (3)</internal-xref>, and submit the form to the Civil Rights Division and the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HFB8BA80A44904A14BC38573D0B0BA1D6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>provide that law enforcement agencies shall maintain all data collected under this Act for not less than 4 years;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H6E250F7FE5BC4B7B90A1340F4766D695"><enum>(6)</enum><text>include guidelines for setting comparative benchmarks, consistent with best practices, against which collected data shall be measured;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4DEE52B8AF94411592CB9B55A064FD27"><enum>(7)</enum><text>provide that the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics shall—</text><subparagraph id="H013FACB1660B4C59B8B0C582642D8D2C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>analyze the data for any statistically significant disparities, including—</text><clause id="HAED01279F77D4823A41CDF9281EDE112"><enum>(i)</enum><text>disparities in the percentage of drivers or pedestrians stopped relative to the proportion of the population passing through the neighborhood;</text></clause><clause id="H1582FE76D5AB4C27A2C8D66D403C1DA8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>disparities in the hit rate; and</text></clause><clause id="H89EE38C3E14A4B9A96AEC1E166158AA0"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>disparities in the frequency of searches performed on racial or ethnic minority drivers and the frequency of searches performed on nonminority drivers; and</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H568A12BCD4D84FB18ADC4433C78C9554"><enum>(B)</enum><text>not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter—</text><clause id="HEEB85C98817B418E902F5B750FB6947B"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prepare a report regarding the findings of the analysis conducted under <internal-xref idref="H013FACB1660B4C59B8B0C582642D8D2C" legis-path="401.(b)(7)(A)">subparagraph (A)</internal-xref>;</text></clause><clause id="HF88FD7633C674DBBBA2F1BB52917FF7C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>provide such report to Congress; and</text></clause><clause id="H4D211208673C4496BC7BD2497554D5E4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>make such report available to the public, including on a website of the Department of Justice; and</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID12c646cc0f574af4ae8a1e700daea92c"><enum>(8)</enum><text>protect the privacy of individuals whose data is collected by—</text><subparagraph id="IDfe6079f5a33b41248ea988b5802ca5df"><enum>(A)</enum><text>limiting the use of the data collected under this Act to the purposes set forth in this Act;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4ca8e9c0ddc84ac99a614326458a8a84"><enum>(B)</enum><text>except as otherwise provided in this Act, limiting access to the data collected under this Act to those Federal, State, local, or tribal employees or agents who require such access in order to fulfill the purposes for the data set forth in this Act;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID7cf57cd47f324f3cb30ff78c6cb3276d"><enum>(C)</enum><text>requiring contractors or other nongovernmental agents who are permitted access to the data collected under this Act to sign use agreements incorporating the use and disclosure restrictions set forth in subparagraph (A); and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID91a8041ca13249c59890f768641001ce"><enum>(D)</enum><text>requiring the maintenance of adequate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the data collected under this Act.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H5CD12F86558A4F83B2B71EAE7D0359E7"><enum>402.</enum><header>Publication of data</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics shall provide to Congress and make available to the public, together with each annual report described in <internal-xref idref="HB6441D17274D464CA4E61899604B8D33" legis-path="401.">section 401</internal-xref>, the data collected pursuant to this Act, excluding any personally identifiable information described in section 403.</text></section><section id="HC49F0475B4B24CA48BE243E7094F4E39"><enum>403.</enum><header>Limitations on publication of data</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The name or identifying information of a law enforcement officer, complainant, or any other individual involved in any activity for which data is collected and compiled under this Act shall not be—</text><paragraph id="HAA7F4924E49C42AB86792A1204AF6D5F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>released to the public;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H5B685F32A4D944DE8A3CFAAFCB1C283E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>disclosed to any person, except for—</text><subparagraph id="id8E247193B1414625B88E99EA7A55117F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>such disclosures as are necessary to comply with this Act;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDba6693483b134269bb428f1c07149787"><enum>(B)</enum><text>disclosures of information regarding a particular person to that person; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDb0930a1d878348709d7bce8bdb60276c"><enum>(C)</enum><text>disclosures pursuant to litigation; or</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HED2759AE8E9A4D878822148FE8824AF5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>subject to disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the Freedom of Information Act), except for disclosures of information regarding a particular person to that person.</text></paragraph></section><enum>V</enum><header>Department of Justice Regulations and Reports on Racial Pro­fil­ing in the United States</header><section id="H5B2B16A40B284B39BFD697611B16FDC2"><enum>501.</enum><header>Attorney General to issue regulations and reports</header><subsection id="H3E4A7006CEFB475EACAE268A1ED11897"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>In addition to the regulations required under sections 303 and 401, the Attorney General shall issue such other regulations as the Attorney General determines are necessary to implement this Act.</text></subsection><subsection id="H3D3FD5AEA9154C05AF58A367A953AB31"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reports</header><paragraph id="H2F360F0769154767B46DA140850A30E8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on racial profiling by law enforcement agencies.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4F89277967FF4C4EAA49FCC21F08731A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Scope</header><text>Each report submitted under <internal-xref idref="H2F360F0769154767B46DA140850A30E8" legis-path="501.(b)(1)">paragraph (1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text><subparagraph id="H24C56190150141DA9292047E20FCF74D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a summary of data collected under sections 201(b)(3) and 301(b)(3) and from any other reliable source of information regarding racial profiling in the United States;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBB309AC94C0F452D96AC95CD903EF3A3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a discussion of the findings in the most recent report prepared by the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics under section 401(b)(7);</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H84C51047C41649338A66021F1FD06AE6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the status of the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by Federal law enforcement agencies under section 201 and by the State and local law enforcement agencies under sections 301 and 302; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H82E185FBAF594E62B3BEDF599870E5D8"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a description of any other policies and procedures that the Attorney General believes would facilitate the elimination of racial profiling.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>VI</enum><header>Miscellaneous Provisions</header><section id="H856EF5F05D4A4BC1A5FB094D1849733D"><enum>601.</enum><header>Severability</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">If any provision of this Act, or the application of such a provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the application of the remaining provisions of this Act to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.</text></section><section commented="no" id="HF7ED0CFFC22443F28E946699BE41BD86"><enum>602.</enum><header>Savings clause</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Nothing in this Act shall be construed—</text><paragraph commented="no" id="H1347BB70AD4147AAAD886C7586ACD3C8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to limit legal or administrative remedies under section 1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/1983">42 U.S.C. 1983</external-xref>), section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/12601">34 U.S.C. 12601</external-xref>), the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10101">34 U.S.C. 10101</external-xref> et seq.), or title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/2000d">42 U.S.C. 2000d</external-xref> et seq.);</text></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB32DBB9E0DFC4C65A8EE9701BAEA07D2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to affect any Federal, State, or tribal law that applies to an Indian tribe because of the political status of the tribe; or</text></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H5039F066ACCC479CBF8D5742C87351ED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to waive the sovereign immunity of an Indian tribe without the consent of the tribe.</text></paragraph></section>